EPA-R4-73-011
ion Environmental Monitoring Series
Operation of the
Analytical Methodology Information
Center
Office of Research and Monitoring
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20460
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RESEARCH REPORTING SERIES
Research reports of the Office of Research and
Monitoring, Environmental Protection Agency, have
been grouped into five series. These five broad
categories were established to facilitate further
development and application of environmental
technology. Elimination of traditional grouping
was consciously planned to foster technology
transfer and a maximum interface in related
fields. The five series are:
1. Environmental Health Effects Research
2. Environmental Protection Technology
3. Ecological Research
<*. Environmental Monitoring
5. Socioeconomic Environmental Studies
This report has been assigned to the ENVIRONMENTAL
MONITORING series. This series describes research
conducted to develop new or improved methods and
instrumentation for the identification and
guantification of environmental pollutants at the
lowest conceivably significant concentrations. It
also includes studies to determine the ambient
concentrations of pollutants in the environment
and/or the variance of pollutants as a function of
time or meteorological factors.
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EPA-R4-73-011
April 1973
OPERATION OF THE ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGY INFORMATION CENTER
By
Ralph L. Darby
Robert L. Little
Project 16020 HJE
Project Officer
Dr. Cornelius I. Weber
Environmental Protection Agency
National Environmental Research Center
Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
Prepared for
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND MONITORING
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402
Price $2.35 domestic postpaid or $2.00 GPO Bookstore
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EPA Review Notice
This report has been reviewed by the Office of
Research and Monitoring, EPA, and approved for
publication. Approval does not signify that the
contents necessarily reflect the views and policies
of the Environmental Protection Agency, nor does
mention of trade names or commercial products
constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
ii
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ABSTRACT
Details are given for the first year of full-scale operation of the
Analytical Methodology Information Center which was designed to collect,
process, and disseminate information on analytical methods related to
aquatic and marine environments for the Analytical Quality Control
Laboratory and other elements of the National Analytical Methods Develop-
ment Research Program.
The main activities of the Center included an extensive acquisitions
program, abstracting and indexing at the rate of about 200 items per
month, providing abstracts to the Water Resources Scientific Information
Center, publication of an abstract bulletin, maintenance of acomputerized
information/data base which is on-line interactive, provision of limited
loan and copy services, and availability of quick response inquiry
services. The value of the interactive information/data base has been
further enhanced by the addition of chemical effects (toxicity) data.
An additional study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of SDI
services to selected staff members as a means of broadening the AMIC
screening process. An extensive group of EPA staff has been served by the
Center via the abstract bulletin, the interactive information/data base,
the loan and copy services, and the quick response inquiries. Because
of interest in these activities outside EPA, plans are underway to per-
mit access to these services on a cost-recovery basis. Recommendations
are included for continued operation of the Center.
This report was submitted in fulfillment of Project Number 16020 HJE 12/72,
Contract 68-01-0166, under the sponsorship of the Office of Research and
Monitoring, Environmental Protection Agency.
iii
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CONTENTS
Section Page
I RECOMMENDATIONS 1
II INTRODUCTION 3
III SCOPE OF THE ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGY INFORMATION
CENTER 5
Analytical Quality Control Laboratory 5
Microbiological Methods 5
Chemical and Physical Methods 5
Biological Methods 6
Methods and Performance Evaluation 6
Instrumentation Methods 6
Southeast Water Research Laboratory 6
National Environmental Research Center,
Las Vegas 7
Quick Response Inquiries as a Source of
Scope Information 8
Summarizing Statements on Scope
Modification 9
IV INFORMATION PROCESSING 11
Acquisitions 11
Journals 11
Report Literature 12
Abstracting and Indexing 12
Abstracts 12
Indexing 13
Quality Control 13
Typing 13
V CURRENT AWARENESS (ABSTRACT) BULLETIN 17
VI WATER RESOURCES SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION CENTER
INTERFACE 21
iv
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CONTENTS (Continued)
Section Page
VII LOAN AND COPY SERVICES 23
VIII COMPUTERIZED (ON-LINE INTERACTIVE) INFORMATION
BASE 25
User Guide 25
Updates 25
Size of the Information Base 27
Users of the On-Line Interactive Information
Base 27
Computer Terminals 29
Instructions for Using the AMIC Information
Base 29
Vocabulary List 32
FTS Lines 32
Transfer of BASIS-70 File to ENVIRON 32
IX CHEMICAL EFFECTS DATA 35
Data Preparation 39
X VOCABULARY CONTROL l»-l
XI QUICK RESPONSE INQUIRY SERVICES Vf
Copies of QRI's 53
Reactions to the QRI's 55
Costs of QRI's 55
Informal Inquiries 56
XII SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE (SSIE) 57
XIII SELECTIVE DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION (SDI)
SERVICES 61
XIV LOAN STUDY 69
XV TRANSLATIONS 71
XVI INTERACTIONS WITH EPA FACILITIES 73
Division of Processes and Effects,
Measurements and Instrumentation Branch 73
Research Information Division 73
NERC-Cincinnati Library 73
Other EPA Facilities jh
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Section
CONTENTS (Continued)
Page
XVII AMIC PUBLICITY 75
XVIII NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION SYMPOSIUM (NEIS) 79
XIX NON-EPA ACCESS 8l
Reviews 8l
Computer Access 8l
Plan for Access to the Information System 8l
QRI Services 86
XX POSSIBLE ALTERNATE MODES OF OPERATION OF THE AMIC 87
Reduction of Information Processing Costs 89
Author Prepared Abstracts 89
Reduce Depth of Abstracting 89
Reduce Depth of Indexing 90
Publication of the "Reviews" 90
On-Line Interactive Information Base 90
Processing Backlog Material 91
XXI ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 93
XXII REFERENCES 95
XXIII APPENDICES 97
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FIGURES
Paee
FIGURE 1. DOCUMENT PROCESSING PROCEDURES IN THE ANALYTICAL
METHODOLOGY INFORMATION CENTER 15
FIGURE 2. MONTHLY REMOTE TERMINAL CONNECT TIME WITH THE
AMIC ON-LINE INTERACTIVE INFORMATION BASE 31
FIGURE 3. SAMPLE PAGE FROM THE AMIC VOCABULARY LIST 33
FIGURE U. SAMPLE CHEMICAL EFFECTS DISPLAY 36
FIGURE 5. SAMPLE NOTIFICATION OF ON-GOING RESEARCH FROM SSIE 58
FIGURE 6. SDI EVALUATION FORM 62
FIGURE 7. SAMPLE SDI OUTPUT 6k
FIGURE 8. AMIC PAMPHLET 76
FIGURE 9. INTERACTIVE NETWORK OF EPA LIBRARIES AND
INFORMATION CENTERS 88
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TABLES
1. MONTHLY RATE OF ACQUISITIONS, ABSTRACTING, AND INDEXING lU
2. SUMMARY OF EVALUATIONS FROM THE JANUARY ISSUE OF THE
"REVIEWS" 18
3. NUMBER OF PAGES AND ABSTRACTS IN EACH ISSUE OF THE
"REVIEWS" 20
k> EPA FACILITIES WHICH USED AMIC LOAN AND COPY SERVICES 2k
5. BASIS-70 CAPABILITIES 26
6. DATES AND NUMBER OF ITEMS ADDED AT EACH UPDATE OF THE
ON-LINE INTERACTIVE INFORMATION BASE 28
7. FACILITIES WITH ACCESS TO THE AMIC INFORMATION BASE 30
8. ABBREVIATIONS USED FOR CHEMICAL EFFECTS DATA 38
9. SAMPLE BROAD TERMS USED FOR THE ANALYTICAL QUALITY
CONTROL LABORATORY 42
10. SAMPLE SYNONOMOUS OR NEARLY SYNONOMOUS TERMS IN THE
AMIC VOCABULARY 1*3
11. SAMPLE BROAD AREAS FOR THESAURUS DEVELOPMENT 1*5
12. QUICK RESPONSE INQUIRY LIST 1*8
13. QRI'S IN WHICH OUTSIDE RESEARCHERS WERE CONTACTED 52
Ik. QRI'S SENT TO REQUESTERS 5!*
15. EVALUATION OF SDI SERVICES 66
16. FACILITIES INDICATING INTEREST IN AMIC SERVICES AND
PRODUCTS 82
viii
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SECTION I
RECOMMENDATIONS
The first year of full-scale operation of the Analytical Methodology
Information Center has strengthened the evidence that there is a definite
need within the research community of EPA for a central depository of
information on analytical methodology. Consequently, it is recommended
that the Center be made a part of EPA's continuing programs and that
plans be made to provide uninterrupted fiscal support as long as the
Center responds to EPA needs. Several specific recommendations are de-
tailed below.
1. The managers and staff of the Center should periodically
review the scope of the Center to assure that information
coverage correlates with the needs of the user community.
2. Consideration should be given to including other areas
such as air, solid waste, and radiology in the scope of
the Center.
3. Information processing with the Center's current scope
should be about 300 items per month.
U. Further attempts should be made to obtain permission to
use author abstracts with or without modification.
5. Publication of the current awareness (abstract) bulletin,
"Reviews of Current Literature on Analytical Methodology
and Quality Control", should be continued but consideration
should be given to having copies printed by the General
Services Administration or the Government Printing Office,
provided publication can be accomplished in a timely
manner.
6. As required by EPA agreements with the Office of Water
Resources Research, U. S. Department of the Interior,
the Center should continue to provide input to the Water
Resources Scientific Information Center (WRSIC).
7. Limited loan and copy services should be continued until
arrangements can be completed for an EPA library to pro-
vide these services. This library should also serve as
a depository for all AMIC OKI's.
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8. The computerized (on-line interactive) information/data "base
should be publicized more widely throughout EPA to allow wider
access. As a corollary to this, each user facility should pro-
vide its own terminal, and consideration should "be given to
assessing each facility for the cost of its connect time.
This latter consideration applies only until the information/
data base is transferred to EPA's centralized system.
9. A definite plan should be developed for providing at
least limited generic posting of index terms in the inter-
active information/data base and for employing other
capabilities such as equivalencies.
10. The quick response inquiry (OBI) service should defi-
nitely be continued with consideration given to having
each EPA user facility establish its own fund to cover
costs of its QRI's.
11. EPA researchers requiring SDI services should obtain them
through the EPA libraries.
12. To satisfy the "Freedom of Information Act", access to the
interactive information/data base and other services
should be provided to non-EPA facilities on a cost recovery
basis.
13. As suggested in the section entitled "Possible Alternate
Modes oJT Operation of the AMIC", cost-saving modifica-
tions in AMIC operations should continue to be studied
and instituted where feasible.
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SECTION II
INTRODUCTION
The following is a report of the activities of the Analytical Methodology
Information Center during the first year of full-scale operation. The
Center was operated under Contract Number 68-01-0166 with the Environ-
mental Protection Agency from December 1, 1971, to November 30, 1972.
Operations were based upon recommendations resulting from a prior design
study and set forth in "Design and Operation of an Information Center on
Analytical Methodology", (Ref. 1). As expected, some modifications in
operations were necessary and the need for additional services became
obvious.
Unfortunately, complications in contract renewal caused a lapse in infor-
mation processing between contracts which prevented inclusion of some
important information in the Center. Because of proliferation of infor-
mation pertinent to the Center, emphasis was put on processing as much
current information as possible. Consequently, it was not possible tc
process those documents published during the interim between contracts.
Basically, the Center has six responsibilities: (l) Acquisition,
(2) Processing (abstracting and indexing) documents, (3) Preparation of
a monthly current awareness (abstract) bulletin ("Reviews of Current
Literature on Analytical Methodology and Quality Control"), (k) Provision
of computerized (on-line interactive) computer system, (5) Assisting the
Analytical Quality Control Laboratory in its role as a "center of com-
petence" for the Water Resources Scientific Information Center, (6) Pro-
vision of certain information services. These activities are detailed
in the following sections of this report.
The major accomplishments consisted of:
1. Acquisition of 3809 new documents and 132^ chemical
effects documents.
2. Abstracting and indexing of 2.kUo documents.
3. Publication of 1919 abstracts in the current awareness
(abstract) bulletin.
k. Loading of 2187 abstracts on the computerized (on-line
interactive) information base.
5. Preparation, loading, and machine indexing of 3^3
references on the computerized information base.
6. Submission of 1968 abstracted and indexed documents
to the Water Resources Scientific Information Center,
7. Preparation of 30 quick response inquiries.
8. Provision of UQk copies of prepared QRI's to numerous
EPA facilities.
9. Preparation of a User Guide for the on-line Information
base.
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10. On-line access to the information base by 13 EPA
facilities.
11. Preparation of a pamphlet describing the AMIC
services and activities.
12. Loan of documents to 12 EPA facilities.
13. Inclusion of chemical effects data in the informa-
tion system.
lU. Study of the value of SDI services.
15. Suggestions for alternative modes of AMEC operation.
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SECTION III
SCOPE OF THE ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGY INFORMATION CENTER
The scope of interests for the Analytical Methodology Information Center
(AMIC) developed during the FY-71 contract, provided the foundation
for the acquisitions program of the operational AMIC. However, a number
of events in FY-72 tended to broaden or reorient the scope of the Center
relative to the aquatic and marine environments.
Discussions were held with personnel of EPA's Research Information
Division and the Division of Processes and Effects, Measurements and
Instrumentation Branch, concerning the possibility of including informa-
tion on analytical methods applicable to the air environment along with
that on the water environment. However, since the Center was costed to
cover information on the water environment only, no further action was
taken. This does not preclude the possibility or desirability of expand-
ing the scope of the Center to include the air, soil, and radiology
during later operations. Indeed, AMIC was approached by EPA-NERC, Las
Vegas concerning the possibility of including radiology in the Center's
scope.
Analytical Quality Control Laboratory
Contacts with the staff of the Analytical Quality Control Laboratory
(AQCL) were continued during the contract to keep the Center informed
of their current interests and thereby keep the scope of the Center
current. These contacts resulted in some minor shifts in emphasis of
interests, but no major modifications of scope. Examples of new topics
of interest and shifts in emphasis according to activity include the
following.
Microbiological Methods
Additional topics stated to be of interest include:
Nuisance bacteria;
Sulfur and iron bacteria;
Methods for killing bacteria;
Enrichment media for Salmonella
Chemical and Physical Methods
A. Oil Characterization. Additional topics specified include:
Biological production of proteins from hydrocarbons;
Spoilage of soybean and linseed oils;
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Biological production of amino acids from petroleum;
Water soluble oils;
Copper and glycerides in oils;
Treatment of oil wastes.
B. Mass Spectroscopy. One revision in scope resulted from the formation
of a mass spectroscopy group at the Analytical Quality Control Laboratory.
This group is primarily interested in the uses and application of organic
mass spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance for analysis of pesti-
cides, oils, petroleum, refractory organics (substances which are hard to
decompose), polychlorinated biphenyls, and industrial effluents. They are
also concerned with the application of small computers to analytical
instrumentation.
Biological Methods
Additional topics of interest include:
Pesticide transport mechanisms;
Metabolic ion exchange mechanisms;
Data interpretation;
Drift organisms;
Stream repopulation; and
Sampling, sorting, and counting devices
Methods and Performance Evaluation
Additional topics of interest include:
Ultrapure water;
Preservation of biological, microbiological,
and chemical samples.
Instrumentation Methods
Additional topics of interest include:
Continuous monitoring of chlorophyll;
Surveys of ion sensors; and
Remote sensing of pollution.
Southeast Water Research Laboratory
Because of the role of the Southeast Water Research Laboratory in develop-
ing analytical methods for EPA, two of the AMIC staff visited that facility
to brief the staff of the AMIC activities, instruct them in the use of the
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information "base, and to discuss their interests. As a result of these
discussions, a number of new topics of interest were added. Basically,
the analytical methods of interest are the same as those which are of
interest to the AQCL, but with emphasis on different areas. Some areas
of common interest include nuclear magnetic resonance; mass spectrometry;
neutron activation analysis; atomic absorption; infrared spectroscopy;
gas chromatography; laser raman techniques; ion-selective electrodes;
anodic stripping; differential pulse, linear sweep, and cyclic voltam-
metry; and combined GC-mass spectrometry.
One of the important new concepts introduced during the discussions with
the staff of the Southeast Water Research Laboratory and in some of the
quick response inquiries (QRI's) was that of characterization of effluents
and the effects of waste treatment processes on waste components. Of
special concern were: characterization of domestic and municipal sewage;
textile plant effluents; paper mill effluents; and petro-refinery and
petrochemical effluents; dyes; dye carriers; pigments; steroids; amino
acids; nitrogen bases; phenols; fatty afcids; lipids; paper mill effluents
such as terpenes, resin acids, and sugars; amines; aromatics; poly-
cycloaromatics; phenolics; aliphatics; metals; metalorganics; and dissolved
gases such as NH3, C02, H2S, and HCN.
Other interests included identification of impurities for characterization
of pesticides, fourier transforms for NMR systems, mass spectra of environ-
mental contaminants, hardware advances of analytical instrumentation, and
sorption and interaction of clays such as montmorilinite and kaolinite
with organics, especially pesticides.
National Environmental Research Center, Las Vegas
Recognizing the need for information services of the type offered by AMIC,
one group of the National Environmental Research Center, Las Vegas
(NERC-LV) requested an estimate of the cost of including radiplogy in the
scope of the Center. Although no arrangements had been completed by the
end of the contract period, the interest and intent of the inquiry demon-
strate the need for AMIC services to be expanded to this and other areas.
Three basic areas were specified as being of interest to the Las Vegas
program:
1. Physical and chemical methods, including alpha,
beta, gamma, X-ray, and liquid scintillation spectro-
scopy and nuclear counting equipment and techniques.
2. Kinetics which would encompass transport mechanisms in
soil, animals, plants, air, and water.
3. Remote sensing of S02, NOx, hydrocarbons, and general
air pollution by laser and other techniques.
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Although, as mentioned previously, it was not possible to include coverage
of these topics in the Center, consideration should be given by EPA to
including this area within the scope of the Center.
Quick Response Inquiries as a Source of Scope Information^1'
As previously stated, the subjects of the Quick Response Inquiries are
very important to AMIC as indicators of the current interests in the EPA
and in some cases influenced the scope of the Center. One of the most
important concepts was that of characterization and effects of effluents.
The QRI's which were concerned with these subjects were:
QRI-21 "Heavy Metal Characterization of Sewage Plant
Influents and Effluents"
QRI-2^4- "Characterization of Effluents from Pharma-
ceutical Industries"
QRI-27 "Toxicity of Furfural, Heptachlor, and
Heptachlor Epoxide"
QRI-32 "Effects of Chromium on Sewage Treatment and
the Effects of Sewage Treatment on Chromium"
QRI-3^ "Slaughterhouse and Granary Wastes"
QRI-37 "Methods of Characterization and Analysis
of Bottom Sediments and Deposits"
QRI-38 "Identification, Analysis and Effects of
Organic Compounds in Kraft Paper Mill Wastes"
QRIJ4-3 "Effects of Dye Compounds in Domestic Wastes"
It should be pointed out that although coverage of the air environment was
not officially included in the scope of the Center, two QRI's were prepared
which were related to analysis of air pollutants. These were
QRI-lk "Use of Semi-Conductor Materials for Moni-
toring Air Pollution"
QRI-22 "Resonance Fluorescence of Active Gas-Phase
Atomic Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Halogens, and
Molecular OH, CO, and NO.
(l) For a more detailed discussion of QRI's see Section XI.
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Summarizing Statements on Scope Modifications
It is well known that a specialized information center such as AMIC can
remain viable only if its scope responds to shifting interests among its
user audience. The scope of the Center must not remain static. Since
AMIC utilizes an interactive computer-based information system, the AMIC
staff is not aware of the subjects of searches being made of the information
base by its various users. While personal contacts with the user com-
munity are the most valuable means of updating scope, these are not always
possible. The nature of the QRI's forms an extremely valuable guideline of
the interests and requirements of the user community. An examination of
the titles of the QRI's, prepared during this contract period, is very
illuminating both as to subject content and complexity of the inquiries.
Some mechanism, therefore, must be available to keep the Center informed
of shifts in interest. For the Analytical Methodology Information Center,
personal contacts with the user community and preparation of QRI's have
served this purpose well.
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SECTION IV
INFORMATION PROCESSING
Information processing, as discussed in this section, included acquisition
of information, logging and inventorying, abstracting and indexing, quality
control, first typing, and editing/proofreading. The procedures employed
were essentially those outlined in the report of the FY-71 design study.
However, some activities of the Center during full-scale operation were
noteworthy.
Acquisitions
Journals
The acquisitions program began with coverage of approximately 125 Journals
identified in the earlier study. Many of these journals were reviewed in
the Battelle library; however, those which were shown previously to be
highly productive were purchased on a subscription basis.
During the year, several efforts were undertaken to assure "good" coverage
of the journal literature. Efforts made to identify additional sources
of information at the Ohio State University library resulted in identifica-
tion of 28 additional journals. Secondly, a number of additional Journals
were identified during discussions with technical persons in various EPA
laboratories. Thirdly, one staff member at the Analytical Quality Control
Laboratory provided a list of additional Journals recommended for coverage.
The final list of Journals reviewed for the Analytical Methodology Infor-
mation Center along with the estimated number of pertinent items per year
for each is included in Appendix A. Also shown in the list are those
journals considered as being of such productivity as to warrent subscrip-
tion by the Center rather than photocopying individual articles at the
library. Additional Journals identified as potential sources of informa-
tion but not exploited because of time and fiscal limitations are also
identified in Appendix A.
It should be noted that both the scope and number of pertinent articles on
analytical methodology appear to be rapidly increasing. Operations for
FY-72 were geared to process a total of approximately 2UOO items. However,
as a result of the screening of the current Journals over 3153 items were
identified and acquired for the Center. A similar increase should be
anticipated for FY-73.
The acquisitions of the Center were significantly increased by the addi-
tion of 132U documents used to prepare Volume III of the Water Quality
Criteria Data Book, "Effects of Chemicals on Aquatic Life"rrl
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Report Literature
A determined effort was made "by AMIC to assure coverage of the report
literature. As in the pilot operation, Government Reports Announcements
(GRA), published "by the National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
were regularly screened for non-EPA generated reports. In addition, EPA's
reports were received directly from EPA's Publication Branch, resulting
in a considerable savings in cost and time. Finally, letters were written
to about 50 state and federal agencies requesting lists of their publica-
tions. Upon receipt of the lists, copies of pertinent publications were
requested for inclusion in AMIC. Approximately 55 relevant reports were
received as a result of this effort.
Abstracting and Indexing
Three responsibilities of the Center - preparation of the current awareness
(abstract) bulletin, provision of a computerized information system, and
inputting of abstracts into the Water Resources Scientific Information
Center (WRSIC), are directly dependent upon the abstracting and indexing
(A&I) efforts. It could be concluded, therefore, that this activity is
he most fundamental and time-consunming activity of the Center.
Abstracts
During the course of the design study, considerable effort was directed
toward defining the type of information to be included in an information
system required by the AQCL users. Also, since AMIC was to assist the
AQCL in its role as a "center of competence in analytical methodology"
for the Water Resources Scientific Information Center (WRSIC), the nature
of the abstracts prepared by AMIC had to conform to their specifications
for "high quality, descriptive abstracts". Based upon the requirements
of the AQCL user-audience, the abstracts should show the following
concepts:
1. What is being done
2. How is it being done
3. What are the results
It was further determined that the abstracts should be quantitative in
expressing results of various analytical methods (e.g., what is the
sensitivity of the test and under what conditions; what were the results
obtained; what are the detection limits; interferences etc.). This
formula is applied where possible.
In an effort to reduce abstracting costs, "prepared" abstracts were used
as much as possible. Permission to use prepared abstracts from several
important technical Journals was requested and received by the Center.
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It should "be noted, however, that many times prepared abstracts required
modifications to orient them for the AQCL's interests. Nonetheless, the
willingness of the publishers to allow use of their abstracts greatly
facilitated preparation of abstracts for the Center. The average profes-
sional time required for abstracting and indexing to satisfy the standards
established for AMIC was about 0.75 hour per document.
Table 1 shows the monthly rate of abstracting. As can be seen, the rate
of processing started rather slowly and gradually reached the rate required
This occurred because of the time required to staff the Center, the need to
initiate the acquisitions program before processing, and the training of
the staff.
Indexing
Indexing requirements were also specified both by the AQCL users and by
the WRSIC guidelines. However, on some occasions the requirements of the
two were at cross purposes. The AQCL users required very extensive (deep)
indexing, including scientific names, whereas WRSIC does not require this
type of indexing. This problem has been largely resolved by letting WRSIC
eliminate terms not needed for their system and by using certain terms
only for AMIC. The depth of indexing being done at the Center was demon-
strated by the data from a random sample of abstracts, which averaged ^3
index terms per item. Of course, this level of indexing increases the
total time required to prepare the abstracts. However, it is felt that
this effort is well worthwhile because if reduces the amount of "noise"
in retrievals and saves the user's time.
In addition to abstracting and indexing current reports, extensive
effort was spent on re-indexing the documents processed during the first
year's effort. The primary purpose of this indexing was to add generic
terms to those items already on the information base. As of August 15,
the vocabulary totalled approximately lU,UOO terms.
Quality Control
Since several different persons were abstracting and indexing for the
Center, all abstracts were reviewed by one or two experienced persons
to assure consistency in indexing and in the quality of abstracts.
Typing
Several typing steps are needed to meet the requirements of the Center:
(l) draft typing, (2) "Reviews" typing, and (3) WRSIC abstract typing.
Because of these requirements, all typing was done on punch paper tape
typewriters. As described in the FY-71 report the paper tapes were
re-used to prepare the current abstract bulletin, the WRSIC abstracts,
and as input into the computer-based information system. The procedures
followed are shown in Figure 1 which is taken from the FY-71 report.
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TABLE 1. MONTHLY RATE OF ACQUISITIONS, ABSTRACTING, AND INDEXING
Date
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
Abstracted and Indexed
57
123
129
165
18U
209
265
21*
262
255
311
236
Totals 2UUO
Acquisitions
330
20U
219
UlO
592
287
olj.lj.
llQO
388
216
256
3809
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NEW DOCUMENT
DUPLICATION CHECK
DISCARD
AFTER 1 VEAR
CHECK IS BY THIS I
4 OR THIS
t
REJECT DUPLICATES
ASSIGN ACCESSION
NUMBERS TO
NON DUPLICATES
FOR OLDER MATERIAL
...... TAPE (BIBLIOGRAPHIC
'/III CITATIONI
ABSTRACTING. INDEXING
AND QUALITY CHECK
FIGURE 1. DOCUMENT PROCESSING PROCEDURES IN THE ANALYTICAL
METHODOLOGY INFORMATION CENTER
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A change in the format of the WRSIC abstracts necessitated a change in
the paper tape format, as well as in the computer program for reading the
paper tape. Fortunately, it was possible to make the new format compati-
ble with the AMIC system at minimal cost and with few complications.
Subsequent to the draft typing, the abstracts were edited and proofread.
No further proofing was required because the corrections were carried
through the remaining processing.
Because the Center acquired a quite large backlog of older documents,
an alternative method was used to load some of this material in the
computer. This involved typing complete references for the items.
When loaded on the computer, the titles could be searched on a free-text
basis. Thus it was possible to partially process additional documents
without involving the professional staff. Of course, these items are
not as easily retrieved as processed items, nor is a detailed description
of the content included; however, this method provides an inexpensive
alternative to complete processing. Other alternatives are discussed
in later sections.
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SECTION V
CURRENT AWARENESS (ABSTRACT) BULLETIN
The current awareness bulletin, entitled "Reviews of Recent Literature
on Analytical Methodology and Quality Control", proved to be one of
the most important products of the Analytical Methodology Information
Center, since it is a relatively inexpensive means of providing the bene-
fit of the Center's activities to a large number of persons.
The format of the "Reviews" was essentially as established in the FY-71
study; that is, abstracts are printed in 3" x 5" format on card stock
(see sample in Appendix B). However, several changes were introduced in
the format. First, each issue was bound with a cover in report style.
Second, issues for the staff of the Analytical Quality Control Laboratory
were perforated to facilitate removal and filing of abstracts in personal
files. Third, the page size was reduced to match that of standard
government reports. At the same time, the cover was changed from blue to
gray in compliance with an EPA directive which differentiated types of
reports by the color of the cover.
The distribution of the "Reviews" to individuals reached a total of 2*4-9
per month by the end of the contract period. Because of this large
distribution, 300 copies of each issue were printed beginning with the
March issue. The distribution is shown in Appendix C.
In addition to the distribution to individuals, arrangements were made
with the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) for announcing and
selling the "Reviews" to persons and agencies outside EPA. As a result,
20 copies of each issue were mailed to NTIS with an option to purchase
override copies or borrow camera-ready copy for in-house reproduction if
necessary. Since NTIS received orders for about 30 subscriptions, they
requested use of the camera-ready copies.
Two attempts were made to obtain evaluations of the "Reviews". The first
evaluation forms were sent to the AQCL staff with the January issue of the
"Reviews". A summary of the evaluations is shown in Table 2, along with the
comments that were included. As can be seen, all items were of some degree
of interest, with 79 percent (total of "high interest" and "useful") of
these unquestionably important. The percentage of low interest items may
be somewhat inaccurate since those responses were obtained from one group
with a low number of returns.
The second attempt to obtain evaluations was unsuccessful. EPA staff
receiving the fifth issue of the "Reviews" also received the evaluation
form. (Previous evaluations were provided only by the AQCL staff.)
Unfortunately, the returns of the evaluation forms were so small that
17
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TABLE 2. SUMMARY OF EVALUATIONS FROM THE JANUARY ISSUE OF THE "REVIEWS"
High Low Not of
Interest Useful Interest Interest
52% 27% 21% 0
COMMENTS
"It would be useful to have more abstracts concerning instrumental methods
of organic analysis, especially with trace amounts of compound. The
'Reviews of Current Literature1 is a very helpful tool."
'Very helpful."
"Nearly all of the references in categories a and b, I have already
seen and/or requested copies."
'Very useful set of reviews."
"You are doing better, you listed six papers in my field which I had not
been familiar with."
"Good Job.1"
"There aren't many abstracts on sensors, instruments, etc. Otherwise,
review excellent."
"Send reports marked."
"If copies cannot be obtained please advise me so that other measures can
be taken to obtain the desired materials."
18
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they were useless. However, the requests for copies of the "Reviews",
as well as the occasional comments made during telephone conversations
indicated favorable reactions.
In addition to the interest expressed by EPA personnel, a number of
inquiries were received from other governmental and non-governmental
agencies. These resulted from a news release issued by Battelle and an
announcement in the AQCL Newsletter describing the Center. Because of
the limited number of copies available, all requests from non^EPA persons
were referred to NTIS. The companies expressing interest in the
Analytical Methodology Information Center (Reviews and information base)
are shown in Table 16.
A total of 10 issues of the "Reviews" were prepared under the present
contract. These contained abstracts of articles considered to be most
timely and important. Table 3 shows the number of abstracts and the
number of pages in each issue.
1Q
-------
TABLE 3. NUMBER OF PAGES AND ABSTRACTS IN EACH ISSUE OF THE "REVIEWS"
Issue No. Number of Abstracts Number of Pages
k 119 36
5 186 U9
6 202 60
7 229 62
8 2?U 75
9 20U 60
10 195 5!*
11 161 UU
12 165 U6
13 181* 51
20
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SECTION VI
WATER RESOURCES SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION CENTER INTERFACE
One of the roles assigned to the Analytical Methodology Information Center
was to assist the Analytical Quality Control Laboratory in its role as
"Center of Competence in Methods for Chemical and Biological Identifi-
cation and Measurement of Pollutants" in providing input to WRSIC. Conse-
quently, during the contract, 1968 abstracted items with copies of
originals were provided to WRSIC. These abstracts were prepared on WRSIC
forms in accordance with WRSIC specifications. Of the total number of
documents abstracted, approximately 1968 were not submitted because they
were duplicates of documents WRSIC already had or were items considered
to be too old for WRSIC input (prior to June, 1970). It should be noted
that although in some cases the items acquired by AMIC were duplicates
of WRSIC material, the abstracts frequently required re-orlenting for
AMIC purposes. Where this was not required, abstracts of reports were
used without modification. An additional 200 abstracts which were pre-
pared during the final month of the contract were not submitted because
the time lag between abstracting and indexing did not permit completion
of the WRSIC forms before the contract termination and because of failure
of an immediate contract extension.
In an attempt to avoid duplication of machining costs for inputting AMIC-
prepared material into WRSIC, a sample paper tape was supplied to NTIS,
who machines the WRSIC abstracts, for evaluation. On the basis of this
test, NTIS concluded that it would not be feasible to employ the paper
tapes prepared by AMIC.
WRSIC has on several occasions assisted AMIC by providing computer searches
of their data base for use in preparing quick response inquiries (QRI's).
These searches were on:
1= Bioassay and biomonitoring of water pollutants
2. Identification and analysis of wood materials
3. Methods of analysis of BOD.
21
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SECTION VII
LOAN AND COPY SERVICES
Requests for document loans and copy services arise naturally out of
the activities of information centers. The Analytical Methodology
Information Center was no exception. Publication of the "Reviews of
Current Literature on Analytical Methodology and Quality Control",
operation of interactive information "base, and contacts with EPA person-
nel made AMIC a focal point for these services. However, since EPA has
an extensive library system, AMIC attempted to minimize its own role in
these services except with the research staff at the Analytical Quality
Control Laboratory.
The loan services provided for the AQCL staff consisted primarily of
loaning, ordering, or copying documents available within AMIC.
The Center facilitated requests for loans by including request forms
with several issues of the "Reviews". These required only that the re-
quester check the items needed, sign his name, staple the form, and mail
it. This increased the demand for the service somewhat, but not greatly.
Requests for large numbers of documents which were not available within
the Center were relayed to the NERC-Cincinnati library for action.
Since the Center has not and should not attempt to function as a library,
these requests were deferred to EPA libraries except when a direct
response would prove to be more beneficial for the requester.
On several occasions it was necessary for the Center to respond to requests
for loans because of the urgency of the request or because of the lack of
nearby library facilities.
Table k shows the EPA facilities which used the Center's loan and copy
services along with the number of documents loaned or copied.
23
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TABLE h. EPA FACILITIES WHICH USED AMIC LOAN AND COPY SERVICES
Facility No. of Items
Analytical Quality Control Laboratory, National
Environmental Research Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 169
National Coastal Pollution Research Program,
National Environmental Research Center,
Corvallis, Oregon 2
National Environmental Research Center Library,
Cincinnati, Ohio 2
National Marine Water Quality Laboratory,
West Kingston, Rhode Island 1
Northwest Water Supply Laboratory, Gig Harbor,
Washington 17
Region II, Edison Water Quality Laboratory,
Edison, New Jersey 1
Region III, Annapolis Field Office, Annapolis
Science Center, Annapolis, Maryland 16
Region III, Surveillance and Analysis Branch,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 6
Region V, Chicago, Illinois U6
Region X, Seattle, Washington 33
Techniques Branch, Monitoring Techniques Division,
Washington, D.C. 6
Water Quality Non Point Source Center Control
Division, Office of Water Programs,
Washington, D.C. 1
-------
SECTION VIII
COMPUTERIZED (ON-LINE INTERACTIVE) INFORMATION BASE
Information processed by AMIC during the two contract periods is available
for searches on a real-time, direct-access basis via remote terminal.
The system used, known as BASIS-70, employs a user-oriented software
package developed by Battelle especially for use by engineers and scien-
tists and can be operated even by persons who may not be familiar with
computerized information systems. The system requires a minimum of
operator training and utilizes natural language rather than coded
instructions.
Since the BASIS-70 system was described in detail in the earlier report,
only brief mention of its capabilities will be included here. Options
which are available and most of which were utilized by AMIC, are shown in
Table 5.
At the present time, BASIS-70 is based on a CDC-6*4-00 computer which is
dedicated to servicing on-line real-time jobs. A CDC Cyber 73 serves
as backup in the event of failure of the CDC 6*400. AMIC is available at
110, 300, and 2000 BAUD (10, 30, and 200 characters per second).
User Guide
Because of plans to make the on-line interactive system available to EPA
personnel at several laboratories, the need for an instructional manual
for these users was recognized early. Although a general manual describ-
ing the BASIS-70 system was available, it was felt that it was not
suitably oriented for the users of the AMIC information base. Conse-
quently, a manual was prepared specifically for users of AMIC. A copy
of the manual is included in Appendix D. As can be seen, the manual is
prepared in "cookbook" format with sample searches to demonstrate each
of the system capabilities.
Updates
After full-scale operations began, one of the first efforts was to
machine 213 documents abstracted during the first contract and load them
on the information base. These were added to the information base in
January. Plans called for monthly updating of the base; however, because
of delays in staffing the Center and the demands for preparing the
"Reviews", it was not possible to maintain a strict schedule for updating.
-------
TABLE 5. BASIS-70 CAPABILITIES
CAPABILITY
AMCC USE
Boolean AND/OR search
strategy
Special index files
Adjacent term display
Stem searches
Jfechine indexing
Off-line printing
Regular index and special index files
Authors, Facility, Title words (older litera-
ture), Chemical effects
To determine or suggest correct entry forms
To explore index vocabulary
Title words (older literature), may also be
used for free-text indexing.
To permit high speed printouts of lengthy
searches
26
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Table 6 lists the dates and quantity of each update. It should be noted
that because of umvoidable human errors and equipment errors, not all
documents that were prepared got in the information base. Those which
were rejected were corrected and entered at a subsequent update. As
noted in the section entitled "Information Processing", 3^3 unabstracted
documents were prepared for loading in the information base. Paper tapes
were prepared of the titles, authors, bibliographic citations, etc., and
read onto the computer. The basic tape-reading program was modified so
that when documents were not abstracted and indexed, title words were
added to the vocabulary list as index terms. To differentiate these
items from those completely processed, the index terms were prefixed with
"TW". As stated earlier this capability was employed so that older
material could be loaded inexpensively. The User Guide was modified to
include a description of this capability since the title word searching
has severe limitations and requires much more ingenuity on the part of the
searcher. This is evident if one takes a small sample of documents and
compares the concepts indicated in the titles with the content of the texts
texts.
Size of the Information Base
The total number of characters in the information base at the end of the
contract period was 8,597*120, including index terms. This total is com-
prised from a mix of approximately 1738 abstracted and indexed documents,
approximately 197 title and bibliographic citations, and approximately 757
lines of data from approximately 72 documents. The "chemical effects"
data added significantly to the total computer storage required for the
AMIC information base. Because of the mix and the wide range in size of
each type, it is not possible to calculate a meaningful average size by
dividing the total numbers of items into the total characters in storage.
However, calculations not included here show the average characters per
abstracted and indexed document to be approximately U632. This is some-
what greater than the U570 average size of the first year's operation.
Although the number of index terms per item increased, relatively less
storage space was required since many terms are duplicates and conse-
quently require additional storage only for accession numbers.
Users of the On-Line Interactive Information Base
Recommendations made during the first contract year called for computer
terminals to be installed at four locations: (l) at the Analytical Quality
Control Laboratory; (2) at EPA Headquarters; (3) in the Center itself; and
(10 at another EPA laboratory to be specified by the Project Officer.
However, these recommendations were modified because of changes in EPA
activities and needs for access to the information base. The result
was that three terminals were provided under the contract - one at the
AMIC, one at the Analytical Quality Control Laboratory, and one at
27
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TABLE 6. DATES AND NUMBER OF ITEMS ADDED AT EACH UPDATE OP THE
ON-LINE INTERACTIVE INFORMATION BASE
Dates
January 28, 1972
March 25, 1972
March 27, 1972
April 18, 1972
May 26, 1972
July 2k, 1972
August 29, 1972
September 11, 1972
October 17, 1972
Total
Unabstracted
Documents Items*
213
261
269
16^ 217
306 126
272
235
U67
2187 W
Chemical Effects
Data Points
—
—
--
—
«» w
—
378
--
568
95o"
* See page 21 for description.
28
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the Southeast Water Laboratory in Athens, Georgia. However, in addition
to the terminals supported by the contract, eleven additional EPA facili-
ties and one non-EPA Federal facility were given access to the information
base via their own terminals. Outside of the Center then, a total of 58
persons were assigned access codes to use the system. Table 7 is a list
of the facilities having access to the computerized information base and
the number of persons assigned user codes. It should be noted, however,
that these numbers are not truly representative of the total users
because in some cases, persons passed their user codes on to their co-
workers. Figure 2 shows the total monthly connect time used by persons
outside the Center. No real trends in usage can be seen from the
figure. The only account that can be given for the sharp drop in usage
during June is that apparently many users were on vacation.
The average monthly use was 392 minutes, somewhat below the expected rate.
However, it is anticipated that as the base grows and becomes available to
more persons, the usage will rise. Of course, the more the information
base is used the more value EPA receives for its investment.
Computer Terminals
The computer terminals chosen by the AMIC staff in consultation with
the BASIS-70 staff were variable speed (110-1200 BAUD) cathode ray
tubes (CRT) with matched electrostatic printers. These terminals com-
bined the convenience of the CRT display with the accompanying hard copy
for reference. The terminals also proved to be adaptable for use with
other EPA computer systems.
The terminals supported by the Center were placed at various dates. The
terminal in the Center was available shortly after renewal of the contract.
The terminal was not placed at the AQCL until the material left over from
the FY-71 contract was re-indexed and added to the information base
(February, 1972).
A terminal was shipped to the Southeast Water laboratory in April,
1972. However, since space and telephone facilities were not immediately
available, this terminal was not available for use until July. Two AMIC
staff members visited the Southeast Water Research Laboratory in July and
spent the day briefing the staff on the AMIC project and instructing them
in the use of the information base.
Instructions for Using the AMIC Information Base
The AMIC staff personally instructed the staff of the AQCL and the
Southeast Water Laboratory in the use of the information base. Other
users were provided with User Guides. Although facilities with terminals
also have trained operators, because of the nuances of each computer
system, it is advisable that users be personally trained.
29
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TABLE 7. FACILITIES WITH ACCESS TO THE AMIC INFORMATION BASE
Number of Persons
EPA Facilities Assigned User Codes
Division of Oil and Hazardous Materials,
Washington, D.C. 1
National Field Investigations Center, Cincinnati 1
National Water Quality Laboratory, Duluth 1
Research Information Division, Washington, D.C. 2
Management Division, San Francisco 1
National Field Investigations Center, Denver 1
Analytical Quality Control Laboratory, Cincinnati 30
Measurements and Instrumentation Branch,
Washington, D.C. 1
Division of Chemistry and Physics, Research
Triangle Park 1
Pacific Northwest Water Laboratory, Corvallis 1
Southeast Water Laboratory, Athens 13
Western Environmental Research Laboratory,
Las Vegas 1
National Environmental Research Center, Cincinnati 1
NonJIPA Facilities
Environmental Information Systems Office, Oak
Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge,
Tennessee
30
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800
700
600
500
8!
a
400
300
200
100
Average Monthly Connect Time: 392 Min.
I
Feb Mar Apr May
Jun
Month
Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov
FIGURE 2. MONTHLY REMOTE TERMINAL CONNECT TIME WITH THE AMIC
ON-LINE INTERACTIVE INFORMATION BASE
31
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Since it was not anticipated that the information base would be available
to a wide range of users, funds for training users were not provided in
the contract. The only alternative was, as previously mentioned, to pro-
vide User Guides and assistance via telephone.
Vocabulary List
To assist the users in searching the information base, the complete
vocabulary of the information base was distributed to the facilities
having access to the system. A list printed in August contained about
1U,UOO terms and showed the number of documents indexed by each term.
Sample pages are shown in Figure 3. The list was also used by the
indexers as an aid to maintaining consistency in the vocabulary.
FTS Lines
Because Federal laboratories generally use FTS (Federal Telecommunication
System) lines for making telephone calls, it was felt that accessing the
computer would be facilitated by having a direct FTS tie line to the
computer. This capability would eliminate the necessity of asking the
Columbus FTS operator to dial the Battelle computer number. Direct
access to the B^ttelle computer via FTS lines was investigated and found
to be technically feasible. It is quite possible that this capability
will be added to the Battelle system in the near future. Other possi-
bilities such as toll-free lines will also be considered.
Transfer of BASIS-TO File to ENVIRON
One program outstanding in the EPA in 1972 was completion of a contrac-
tual agreement for an EPA-wide, on-line interactive computer system. The
purpose of the system was to provide a centralized system which would be
well known throughout the EPA community, provide the economics of scale,
and be managed by one EPA office. The system chosen was ENVIRON (Environ-
mental Information On-Line). It is not the purpose of the present report
to describe this system but rather to discuss the implications for the
AKCC as operated by Battelle.
Plans to transfer the AMIC computer file to EPA's ENVIRON system were
discussed at RID and the Data Systems Branch at EPA Headquarters. How-
ever, demands of maintaining other information bases on ENVIRON caused
indefinite postponement of this transfer.
32
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24 AMPHJPCCA
2 AMPHIPRCRA
1 AMPHIPRCRA ALATA
1 AMPHlPRCrtA PELU30SA
3 AMPHIPSYCHE
i AMPHIPSYCHE: PPOLUTA
2 AMPHIPSYCHE SCOTTAE
2 AMPHIRCa
1 AMFHIROA B9ASILIANO
1 AMPWIRQfl FRAOILISSIKA
1 AMPHISOIFNIA CL03IFERA
1 AMPHIUfMOAE
1 AMPHIUKIDS
11 AKPhCRA
1 AMPHORA nECUSSAFA
3 AMPHORA OtfALI?
1 AMPHCRA~CVALIE VAR. PECICULUS
1 AMPHCRA $op
2 AfiPHCRA VENETA
1 AHPITHOE
1 AMPITHCE RURRICATA
1 AMYC-DALIM
2 AMYL ACETATE
1 AMYL ALCOHOL
1 AHYLHE5CURY
1 AMYLCSE
If AMACAENA
2 ANABAENA CIRCINALIS
1 ANAPAENA CONS^ICTA
«» AHAPAfNA CYLINORICA
2 ANAEAENA FLCS-AOUAE
1 ANASAEK'A
2 ANAHACNA SPF
1 ANAPAENCPSIS
1 ANAPCENCPSIS
1 ANAtENO
1 AVA6CLIA FU»CATA
1 ANAeCLIA NFPVC-3A
1 AN A CAEN1 A
1 ANACAENfi LIt-'t'ATA
1 ANACOSTA RIVER
«i AHACYSTIS
2 AHACYSTIS CYAKEA
3 ANACYSTI3 MDULANS
1 AMACYCVfNE
1 ANAPYONEME STCLLATfl
23 ANAEROBIC BACTr.PIA
B ANAF.RO^IC HCMCITIONS
5 ANAEHOEIC Ci:,ESTION
5 ANALOG COMPUTE!?"
11 ANALYSIS OF VA3IAMOF
750 ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
1 AMARHICHAS LU^US
FIGURE 3. SAMPLE PAGE FROM THE AMIC VOCABULARY LIST
33
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SECTION IX
CHEMICAL EFFECTS DATA
During the course of the contract, a grant (Grant No. R 800 9U2) was
awarded to Battelle "by the Division of Processes and Effects, Ecological
Effects Branch of EPA entitled "Data Treatment - Chemical Effects on
Aquatic Life" which involves the addition of data from the report "The
Effect of Chemicals on Aquatic Life" (Ref. 2) to the AMIC information
base. The addition of these data to the information base required exten-
sive modification of the computer programming, but added a valuable
dimension to the base. As shown in the sample display (Figure U), this
portion of the program provided the capability for storing the actual
data on toxic effects of chemicals on aquatic organisms.
Table 8 presents the abbreviations used in presenting the chemical effects
data. Thus, the first data point in Figure 1; may be interpreted as
follows:
Heptachlor Toxicant
Brachionus Organism studied
BSA Type of test (bioassay, static, acute)
Location (if a field test)
0.1 (KITE) Dosage (ppm) and result (no toxic effect)
a,c,d,e,f Variables controlled or noted (water tempera-
perature, pH, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen,
hardness)
KONAR (1970) Author and year of publication
Plankton, Pesticides, Added index terms.
Insecticides, Chlori-
nated hydrocarbon
pesticides
Preparation of the chemical effects data involved indexing and machining
which are described in more detail in the following paragraphs. To dif-
ferentiate between chemical effects data and literature searches, the
chemical effects search terms were prefixed by "CE" Consequently,
searches were made by prefixing the terms likewise. All the capabilities
of the system that were available with the literature base were also
available with the chemical effects data base.
35
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ENTER YOUR SEARCH ONE TERM AT A TIME.
I/ CE PLANKTON
13 ITEMS
2/ CE ZOOPLANKTON
3 ITEMS
3/ CE HEPTACHLOR
30 ITEMS
U/ CE HEXADECANOL
6 ITEMS
5/ CE CHLORAMINE
2 ITEMS
6/ (1 OR 2 AND 3 OR U OR 5)
lU ITEMS
ENTER YOUR REQUEST
If DISPLAY
THE DATA ELEMENTS FOR THE AMIC DATA BASE ARE
1-ACCESSION NUMBER,
2-FACILITY,
3-TITLE,
U-AUTHOR(S),
5-BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA,
6-INDEX TERMS,
7-ABSTRACT.
8-CHEMICAL EFFECTS.
WHAT FIELDS DO YOU WANT TO SEE?
ENTER FIELD NUMBERS SEPARATED BY COMMAS OR ALL
/ 8
THIS PRINTOUT COULD BE LENGTHY.
HOW MANY DO YOU WANT TO SEE FIRST?
/ 1*
ITEMS FROM THE AMIC DATA BASE ARE
HEPTACHLOR/ BRACHIONUS/ BSA/ —/ 0.1 (NTE)/ A,C,D,E
,F/ KONAR (1970), AMIC-W/ PLANKTON, PE
STICIDES, INSECTICIDES, CHLORINATED HYDR
OCARBON PESTICIDES/
HEPTACHLOR/ CERIODAPHNIA/ BSA/ —/ 0.1 (K)/ A,C,D,
E,F/ KONAR (1970), AMIC-UU8/ PLANKTON, P
ESTICIDES, INSECTICIDES, CHLORINATED HYD
ROCARBON PESTICIDES?
HEPTACHLOR/ CLOSTERIUM/ BSA/ —/ 0.001 (K)/ A,C,D,
E,F/ KONAR (1970), AMIC-W/ PLANKTON, P
ESTICIDES, INSECTICIDES, CHLORINATED HYD
ROCARBON PESTICIDES/
HEPTACHLOR/ CYCLOPS/ BSA/ —/ 0.1 (K)/ A,C,D,E,F/
KONAR (1970), AMIC-Ulf8/ PLANKTON, PESTIC
IDES, INSECTICIDES, CHLORINATED HYDROCAR
BON PESTICIDES/
HEPTACHLOR/ CYPRIS/ BSA/ —/ 0.1 (K)/ A,C,D,E,F/ K
ONAR (1970), AMIC-UU8/ PLANKTON, PESTICI
DBS, INSECTICIDES, CHLORINATED HYDROCARB
ON PESTICIDES/
FIGURE k. SAMPLE CHEMICAL EFFECTS DISPLAY
36
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HEPTACHLOR/ DAPHNIA/ BSA/ —/ 0.1 (K)/ A,C,D,E,F/
KONAR (1970), AMIC-UU8/ PLANKTON, PESTIC
IDES, INSECTICIDES, CHLORINATED HYDROCAR
BON PESTICIDES/
HEPTACHLOR/ DIAPTOMUS/ BSA/ —/ 0.1 (K)/ A,C,D,E,F
/ KONA'R (1970), AMIC-W/ PLANKTON, PEST
ICIDES, INSECTICIDES, CHLORINATED HYDROC
ARBON PESTICIDES/
HEPTACHLOR/ GASTROTRICHA/ BSA/ .-/ 0.1 (NTE)/ A,C,
D,E,F/ KONAR (1970), AMIC-^1*8/ PLANKTON,
PESTICIDES, INSECTICIDES, CHLORINATED HY
DROCARBON PESTICIDES/
HEPTACHLOR/ NAUPLIUS/ BSA/ —/ 0.1 (K)/ A,C,D,E,F/
KONAR (1970), AMTC-UU8/ PLANKTON, PESTI
CIDES, INSECTICIDES, CHLORINATED HYDROCA
RBON PESTICIDES/
HEPTACHLOR/ PANDORIA/ BSA/ —/ 0.001 (K)/ A,C,D,E,
F/ KONAR (1970), AMIC-^8/ PLANKTON, PES
TICIDES, INSECTICIDES, CHLORINATED HYDRO
CARBON PESTICIDES/
HEPTACHLOR/ VOLVOX/ BSA/ —/ 0100. (K)/ A,C,D,E,F/
KONAR (1970), AMIC-W/ PLANKTON, PESTI
CEDES, INSECTICIDES, CHLORINATED HYDROCA
RBON PESTICIDES/
AMIC-3079/ HEXADECANOL (PRAPARAT ALFOL WV 10)/ CO
PEPODS/ BSA/ --/ (NTE)/ —/ MANN (1971),
AMIC-3079/ ZOOPLANKTON, AQUATIC LIFE, AQ
UATIC ANIMALS, MARINE ANIMALS, ALCOHOLS,
INSECTICIDES, PESTICIDES, ORGANIC COMPO
UNDS, BIOASSAY, TOXICITY, CRUSTACEANS/
HEXADECANOL (PRAPARAT ALFOL WV 10)/ DAPHNIA/ BSA/
—/ (NTE)/ —/ MANN (1971), AMIC-3079/ Z
OOPIANKTON, WATERFLEAS, PLANKTON, AQUATI
C ALCOHOLS, INSECTICIDES, PESTICIDES, OR
GANIC COMPOUNDS, BIOASSAY, TOXICITY, CRU
STAGEANS/
CHLORAMINE/ DAPHNIA MAGNA/ BCF/ —/ 0.001 (K3-5)/
A,C,D,E,F,R,S/ ARTHUR AND EATON (1971)
, AMIC-3290/ DAPHNIA, WATERFLEAS, PLANK
TON, ZOOPLANKTON, CRUSTACEANS, AQUATIC L
IFE, AQUATIC ANIMALS, MARINE ANIMALS, OR
GANIC COMPOUNDS, CHLORINE, HALOGENS, AMI
NES, TOXICITY, BIOASSAY, ANESEPTIC/
FIGURE U. SAMPLE CHEMICAL EFFECTS DISPLAY (Continued)
37
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TABLE 8. ABBREVIATIONS USED FOR CHEMICAL EFFECTS DATA
Note: Names of chemicals and organisms are as given by the various authors. Readers should search for alternate, common, and/or scientific names of both
chemical and aquatic species; and refer to report section on Extracted Data for further discussion of this appendix.
Footnotes for Appendices A and B:
(1) Letters represent:
B = bioassay, used in combination with S = static, CF = continuous flow, A = acute, and CH = chronic.
L = laboratory bioassay.
BOD = biochemical oxygen demand.
F = field study, used in combination with R = river, stream, creek, etc., L = lake or pond, M = marine, E = estuarine, and O = other
(port facility, flooded area, etc.).
(2) Field location is indicated by abbreviation of the state or country.
(3) The number indicates ppm (mg/1), unless otherwise indicated by appropriate designations or (0). The letters within parentheses following indicate
T = TLm, K = kill, SB = sublethal effects, NTE = no toxic effect, or 0 = other. The number following these indicates the time in days at which
observations were made. ECso, LCso, and similar designations for SO percent lethality were all considered as TLm an^ designated as such. The
numbers within parentheses following these designations indicate the time in days when the effect was observed.
(4) The following indicate (when underlined the variable was controlled):
a = water temperature
b = ambient air temperature
c = PH
d = alkalinity (total, phenolphthalein or caustic)
e = dissolved oxygen
f = hardness (total, carbonate, Mg, or CaO)
g = turbidity
h = oxidation-reduction potential
i = chloride as Cl
j = BOD, 5 day; (J) = BOD, short-term
k = COD
1 = nitrogen (as N02 or NOs)
m = ammonia nitrogen as NH3
n = phosphate (total, ortho-, or poly)
o = solids (total, fixed, volatile, or suspended)
-------
Data Preparation
The addition of the chemical effects data to the AMIC literature base
required development of a data machining format which would be compatible
with the format used for regular information processing, and required
some major revisions in the computer program for adding the data to the
information "base. The format and computer program developed permitted
adding abstracts or unabstracted documents with or without chemical
effects data.
39
-------
SECTION X
VOCABULARY CONTROL
On the basis of a recommendation made during the FY-71 study, funds were
allocated to study methods of improving indexing and vocabulary control.
The purpose of the study was to: (l) incorporate into the AMIC vocabu-
lary broad generic terms commonly used by the AQCL staff and other EPA
research personnel, (2) eliminate synonomous terms, (3) eliminate
inconsistencies in indexing; and (k) suggest methods for minimizing
inconsistencies in the future. These inconsistencies consist of use of
acronyms, singular and plural word forms, and synonomous terms. It
should be emphasized that this study was not aimed at developing a
thesaurus. As stated in the initial contract, the Center has relied upon
the Water Resources Thesaurus (Volume 2) as the basis for determining
hierarchical relationships. However, this thesaurus has proved to be
deficient in many areas of interest to AMIC and was grossly inadequate
for use in indexing reports for AMIC.
Because of the rapid growth of the AMIC vocabulary (6UOO to 1^,UOO terms
in 8 months), a large portion of the effort was concerned with identifying
and correcting inconsistencies and adding broad generic terms. Some of the
specific broad terms added for AQCL purposes are shown in Table 9« Samples
of synonomous terms eliminated are listed in Table 10. In addition approxi-
mately 1822 terms were eliminated or modified. Although it was not
possible to incorporate any automated methods in the vocabulary processing,
a method was developed on another project at Battelle which should prove
useful in the future for AMIC. This development incorporated the idea of
establishing equivalencies, for example, Lepomis macrochirus is equivalent
to Bluegills, Bluegill, and Bluegill Sunfish. The effect of establishing
equivalencies is that when one searches by a term, all equivalencies are
also retrieved so that searching of the system is less rigid, permitting
one to use singulars, plurals, scientific, or common names depending on
how the equivalencies are established.
One problem which arises with using equivalencies such as COD is that it
is an ambigious term. COD may mean chemical oxygen demand or it may mean
cod fish. These problems arise in some cases because of the lack of
upper and lower case letters on some computer systems. The BASIS system
has a capability available for handling these situations. When an ambigous
search term such as COD is entered, the computer responds with:
DO YOU MEAN 1. COD - CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND?
2. COD - COD (FISH)?
ENTER THE NUMBER OF THE DESIRED TERM.
The addition of this capability would essentially eliminate the confusion
resulting from ambiguous terms and should be added to the AMIC information
base during FY-7^.
-------
TABLE 9- SAMPLE BROAD TERMS USED FOR THE ANALYTICAL QUALITY CONTROL
LABORATORY
Sample Broad Terms
Alcohols
Solvents
Organic solvents
Macroinvertebrates
Chlorinated hydrocarbons
Mercaptans
-------
TABLE 10. SAMPLE SYNONOMOUS OR NEARLY SYNONOMOUS TERMS IN THE AMIC
VOCABULARY
Alkaline earth elements Alkaline earth metals
Absorption Uptake, Bioaccumulation, Biological
magnification
Biotransformation Biological transformation
Blackfly Blackflies
Lethal dosage Lethal limit
Nitrilotriacetic acid Nitrilotriacetate, NTA
Oil Petroleum
Salmo gairdneri Rainbow trout
EH Oxidation reduction potential
-------
The most critical requirement for the AMIC vocabulary list is automatic
generic posting. This capability is also available on BASIS-70.
However, application of automatic hierarchical posting requires that
generic relationships first be established. The development of a the-
saurus is a major project. Sufficient funds were not available to
develop a thesaurus for AMIC. An alternative to full-scale thesaurus
development would be limited development in selected areas. This could
be based upon the Water Resources Thesaurus (Volume 2) coupled with the
expertise of the Center's stafflA number of important areas have been
identified which would benefit from automatic generic posting. A number
of examples are included in Table 11.
It is recommended that at least limited thesaurus work be done during
continued operation to provide automatic generic posting in selected
areas.
-------
TABLE 11. SAMPLE BROAD AREAS FOR THESAURUS DEVELOPMENT
Plankton
Periphyton
Drift organisms
Macroinvertebrates
Fish
Algae
Metals
Analytical techniques (including specific types of analysis)
Pesticides
Nutrients
Bacteria
Chemical compounds
Industrial wastes
Chlorinated hydrocarbons
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SECTION XI
QUICK RESPONSE INQUIRY SERVICES
One of the most important services provided for the EPA was the Quick
Response Inquiry (QRI) service. The QRI service was established as a
means of responding to specific inquiries from EPA staff.
It was anticipated that the QRI service would "be offered primarily to the
AQCL and to the Headquarters staff of the Measurements and Instrumenta-
tion Branch, Division of Processes and Effects. However, changes in the
needs of the Branch staff essentially eliminated their use of the QRI
service. As a result, the service was made available to other EPA
facilities. Announcements of QRI's stimulated interest in the service
at a number of facilities with the result that requests for QRI's
were received from various laboratories. As was done previously, all
requests were directed to the Project Officer for approval prior to
starting work. The Project Officer also required that QRI's be requested
in writing. So that the AMIC staff would receive adequate information
on each request. These requests also ensured that the Project Officer
and the AMIC staff had a record of each request for future reference.
As shown in the list of QRI's prepared during the current contract year
(Table 12), 13 different facilities made use of the QRI service. It
is also obvious from the titles that a wide range of topics was covered.
As stated previously, these requests many times signal areas of interest
throughout EPA. Consequently, these areas are carefully observed by the
AMIC staff as potential additions to the scope. It is noteworthy that
two QRI's were concerned with air pollution (QRI- Ik and 22).
In some cases, there was very little literature available on a subject.
Under these circumstances, it was necessary to identify and contact
researchers who were working in the area of interest. These persons
were identified by contacting the Battelle and the AQCL staffs and by
initiating searches of the Smithsonian Science Information Exchange (SSIE).
Since the SSIE is described on page 57 it will not be discussed at this
time. However, persons identified through these sources were often con-
tacted to provide input to the QRI's. Table 13 lists the QRI's which
included contact of researchers.
One of the values of the QRI's is that the response time can be
adjusted to suit the requirements of the requester. The standard pro-
cedure for preparing QRI's was to contact the requester by telephone to
make sure "what" was needed, and "when". For an example of "what", in
several instances the requester desired a quick evaluation of the state of
the art (as in QRI-14) or a condensed summary of the literature (as in
QRI-20).
-------
TABLE 12. QUICK RESPONSE INQUIRY LIST
ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGY INFORMATION CENTER
Quick Response Inquiries
QRI NO.
13
1U
15
16
17
18
19
TITIE
Analytical Methods for Diethyl-
etilbestrol
Use of Semi -Conductor Materials
for Monitoring Air Pollution
Toxiclty of Chromium to Aquatic
Life (Literature Survey)
Analytical Methods for Bacteria
in Chlorinated Wastewater and
Sediments (Literature Survey)
Significance of Klebsiella
Organisms in the Environment
Methods for Determining
Biochemical Oxygen Demand
Gas Chromatographic Determination
REQUESTED BY
Ballinger (AQCL)/
Walter (Region VII
Laboratory
Reznek
(Hdqtrs.)
Pickering (Newt own
Fish Toxicology Lab.)
Greene (AQCL)
Bordner (AQCL)
Kroner (AQCL)
Kawahara (AQCL)
DATE REQUESTED
12/13/71
12/15/71
1/29/72
U/lU/72
2/1U/72
2/3/72
3/8/72
ANSWERED BY
Warner
Kircher
McCann
Holoman
Anderson
Holoman
Byrd
DATE ANSWERED
1/26/72
1/7/72
2/15/72
2/2U/72
3/16/72
3/21/72
3/16/72
of Petroleum in Water Using
FID, FPD, Electron Capture and
Thermionic Detectors (Literature
Survey)
20 Analysis of Recent Literature on
Biotransformation of Arsenic,
Cadmium, Copper, Lead, Selenium,
and Thallium
21 Heavy Metal Characterization of
Sewage Plant Influents and
Effluents
Kroner (AQCL)
Clough (NERC)
Cincinnati
V5/72
U/U/72
Kazmaler
Wilson
Little
5/16/72
5/12/72
-------
TABLE 12. QUICK RESPONSE ZHQUUV LIST (Continued)
QRI NO.
22
23
2U
25
26
27
28
29
TITLE
Besonance Fluorescence of Active
Gas-Phase Atomic Hydrogen,
Oxygen, and Halogens, and
Molecular OH, CO, and NO
(Literature Survey)
E. Coll as a Pollution Indicator
Characterization of Effluents
From Pharmaceutical
Industries
Unattended Samplers of Dissolved
Organics
Bioassay and Biomonitorlng of
Water Pollutants
Toxicity of Furfural, Heptachlor,
and Heptachlor Epoxide
Infrared Analysis of Petroleum
Products
Methods for Extraction, Charac-
REQUESTED BY
Hodgeson (RTF)
Bordner (AQCL)
Seba (NFIC -Denver)
Seba (NFIC -Denver)
Seta (NFIC -Denver)
Seba (NFIC-Denver)
Karahara (AQCL)
Lichteriberg (AQCL)
DATE REQUESTED
6/2/72
6/6/72
6/5/72
6/5/72
6/5 /72
6/5/72
6/8/72
6/8/72
ANSWERED BY
Byrd
Holoman
llttle/Holoman/
Byrd
Pestel
Kemp/Holoman
Little/Pestel
Byrd
Pestel/Byrd
DATE ANSWERED
6/26/72
8/2U/72
8/1/72
9/6/72
10/10/72
6/22/72
6/20/72
7/3/72
30
31
terization, Isolation and
Identification of Naturally
Occurring Organic Materials in
Water (Literature Survey)
Methods for Preconcentration for
Analysis of Trace Metals in
Marine Samples (Literature
Survey)
Feldmar. (NERC-
Corvallis)
Analysis of Heavy Metals in Sea- Seba (NFIC-Denver)
water by Atomic Absorption
(Literature Survey)
6A5A2
6/23/72
Long/Mackan
Long/Mackan
7/19/72
7/21/72
-------
TABLE 12, QUICK RESPONSE INQUIRY LIST (Continued)
v/i
O
QRI NO.
32
33
3U
35
36
37
TITLE
Effects of Chromium on Sewage
Treatment and the Effects of
Sewage Treatment on Chromium
Analysis of Precipitation for
Trace Elements (Literature
Survey)
Slaughterhouse and Granary
Wastes (Literature Survey)
Biodegradation of Cyanide
Wastes (Literature Survey)
Biological Transformation of
Lead in Oil
Methods of Characterization and
REQUESTED BY DATE REQUESTED ANSWERED BY
Seba (NFIC -Denver)
Winter/Stanley
Bernard (Off. of Research)
Jones
Guarraia (Virginia)
Kroner (AQCL)
7/10/72
7/11/72
7/7/7*
7/13/72
7/7/72
8/2/72
Pestel/Byrd
Byrd
Sprague
Sprague /Little
Byrd
Byrd
DATS ANSWERED
8/25/72
8/11/72
8/9/72
7/2U/72
8/23/72
9/18/72
Analysis of Bottom Sediments
and Deposits (Literature
Survey)
38 Identification, Analysis and
Effects of Organic Compounds
in Kraft Paper Mill Wastes
(Literature Survey)
39 Identification of Wood
Materials in Water and
Sediment (Literature Survey)
UO Analytical Methods and Biologi-
cal' Effects of Thallium and
Tin (Literature Survey)
Ul AMIC Vocabulary List
Keith (Southeast Water 8/16/72
Laboratory)
Rosen (NFIC-Cinn.) 8/17/72
Gile (VERC-RTP) 8/2U/72
Weber (AQCL) 9/9/72
Pestel/Little
Pestel/Byrd
Byrd
Pestel
10/2/72
10/9/72
9/15/72
10/17/72
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TABLE 12.
-------
TABLE 13. QRI'S IN WHICH OUTSIDE RESEARCHERS WERE CONTACTED
QRI No. Title
20 Analysis of Recent Literature on Biotransformation of Arsenic,
Cadmium, Copper, Lead, Selenium, and Thallium
22 Resonance Fluorescence of Active Gas-Phase Atomic Hydrogen,
Oxygen, and Halogens, and Molecular OH, CO, and NO
(Literature Survey)
23 E. Coli as a Pollution Indicator
2U Characterization of Effluents From Pharmaceutical Industries
25 Unattended Samplers of Dissolved Organics
26 Bioassay and Biomonitoring of Water Pollutants
30 Methods for Preconcentration for Analysis of Trace Metals in
Marine Samples (Literature Survey)
31 Analysis of Heavy Metals in Seawater "by Atomic Absorption
(Literature Survey)
32 Effects of Chromium on Sewage Treatment and the Effects of
Sewage Treatment on Chromium
33 Analysis of Precipitation for Trace Elements (Literature
Survey)
3k Slaughterhouse and Granary Wastes (Literature Survey)
36 Biological Transformation of Lead in Oil
kO Analytical Methods and Biological Effects of Thallium and
Tin (Literature Survey)
14-3 Effects of Dye Compounds in Domestic Wastes
-------
The amount of time that elapses between the receipt of the requests and
the date of the completed QRI document is not necessarily the actual
response time. If an immediate answer was needed, the requester was
provided an intermediate response. Various approaches were used or are
available for use, such as telephoning references, shipping copies of
articles on a daily basis as they were identified, or making weekly ship-
ments. The use of various facsimile transmitting devices, if they
are available and compatible, is also possible though this mechanism was
not used during the FY-73 contract. The point is that a center such as
AMIC should maintain complete flexibility in order to meet the needs of
the requester as expeditiously as possible.
Copies of QBI's
Since the topics of the QRI's seemed to be of interest to persons other
than the requesters, it was considered advisable to make copies avail-
able upon request. Consequently, flyers were included with the March-
August issues of the "Reviews" listing the titles of the QRI's and
announcing their availability. A large number of requests for copies
were received as shown in Table lU. The numbers of requests for certain
QRI's served as a barometer of EPA interests in specific topic areas.
Several facilities which found the QRI's to be especially useful requested
that all QRI's be sent to them upon completion. Copies of all QRI's were
sent to the Project Officer and certain EPA managers.
After several months, the cost of providing copies of QRI's became too
large to cover with the contract funds. An alternate method was set
up in which the Battelle library agreed to make copies at a cost of
10 cents per page with a minimum of $3.00. Although the number of re-
quests dropped off when copies were no longer free, several facilities
purchased copies. On one occasion, loan copies of several QRI's were
mailed to an EPA laboratory so they could make their own copies. It
should be noted that the reduction in requests did not altogether result
from adding a charge for copies. When funds were no longer available to
provide the service, no further announcements were included in the
"Reviews". In addition, many facilities find it difficult to purchase
low cost items. In some cases, it appeared that funds were not avail-
able to cover these costs.
Although it proved to be expensive for the Center to provide copies of
QRI's they were a sound investment. If a QRI is prepared at a cost of
$500 and given to one researcher, the cost for responding to his request
is $500. However, if the QRI proves to be of interest and useful to two
other persons and copies are given to them, the cost per response, includ-
ing the cost of copying, would be about $170. If it is accepted that a
basic goal of information management is to get useful information to many
persons as cheaply as possible, then the logical conclusion would be that
the Center should provide copies when they are needed.
53
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TABLE lU. QJRI'S SENT TO REQUESTERS
OJRI No.*
1
8
10
12
12A
13
Ik
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
2k
25
**26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
3U
35
36
37
38
39
Uo
in
k2
IjO
No. of Copies
21
20
15
27
27
11
13
26
17
21
25
18
25
22
8
9
13
8
5
11
11
18
17
12
7
9
11
9
8
6
5
5
5
11
Total 58E
* Copies of OJRI's prepared during the design study (Nos. 1-12A) were also
supplied "by the Center.
** Four additional copies were requested "but were not sent out.
-------
Reactions to the QRI's
Based on the demand for copies of QRI's and the reactions "by the recip-
ients, the QRI service has appeared to be one of the most valuable services
offered by the Center. Out of a total of 30 QRI's prepared by the Center
during the current contract, nine of the recipients provided written
comments. These are included in Appendix E. Additional comments were
received during telephone conversations. Most reactions, both written or
oral, were favorable. The one or two unfavorable reactions resulted from
misunderstandings about the topics to be covered or the type of product to
be provided.
Costs of QRI's
Many of the QRI's involved extensive literature searching, making per-
sonal contacts, and various levels of analysis. Consequently, the costs
of preparing requests covered a wide range, from $132 to $1823. The
average cost per QRI was $7^3> and the median cost was $656. This average
cost, when compared to the estimated average of $500 per response is indi-
cative of the more sophisticated nature of the QRI's. This trend has been
observed in other Centers at Battelle. It is still possible to provide
responses in the $500-$600 cost range, however, in many cases these will
not completely satisfy the requester. Consequently, the EPA managers of
the Center will have to decide whether best-effort responses will be pro-
vided at a fixed costs or whether responses of the type desired, within
reasonable costs will be provided.
Since the experience of the Center has shown that the QRI service is use-
ful to a broad spectrum of EPA facilities, an alternative method for
funding QRI's is suggested as follows. A basic QRI fund would be Included
in the contract to cover the cost of QRI's requested by the main users of
the Center, namely the AQCL and Headquarters staff. Other facilities
desiring QRI service could establish separate accounts to cover the cost of
their own QRI's. This type of arrangement was established with the
National Field Investigations Center (NFIC) at Denver. At the end of the
contract, when QRI funds were no longer available, the NFIC provided funds
for the AMIC staff to do an extensive literature survey on sampling for
bacteriological analysis. The advantages of this type of arrangement
would be that each facility would likely be more selective in using the
QRI service if it were covering the costs. Probably more Important from
the overall program view, a wider number of laboratories would be fiscally
involved in the program and would be more inclined to suggest directions
for operations as well as provide backing for continued operation. These
considerations become very important as the Center begins to appeal to a
large number of EPA laboratories including those in environmental areas in
addition to the aquatic.
55
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Informal Inquiries
In addition to the QBI's prepared "by the Center, several responses were
prepared to minor inquiries involving relatively little cost (informal
inquiries). The topics of these inquiries were as follows:
1. Acid mine drainage, mercury in the environment, and
biological oxidation of iron and sulfides,
2. Toxicity, and Chemical analysis, of water
pollutants,
3. Slaughterhouse wastes (later became a QRI).
Although the costs of preparing these responses was not covered by the QRI
funds, comparison of both types of inquiries demonstrates a common trend in
QRI services. On the one hand, inquiries tend to become more and more
complex, whereas on the other hand, some inquiries become very simple and
can be answered at low cost.
-------
SECTION XII
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE (SSIE)
The Smithsonian Science Information Exchange, which is basically a service
for identifying on-going scientific research, was anticipated in the FY-71
study to be useful to the AQCL (and other EPA facilities). Although no
occasion arose for using the service during the FY-71 study, it was sug-
gested that the Center serve as intermediate between the SSIE and EPA
facilities.
To further investigate SSIE's facilities and services, an AMIC staff mem-
ber visited that office in January, 1972. The visit provided insight
into SSIE's operations and products which better prepared the Center's
staff to anticipate ways of using the service.
As stated in the section entitled "Quick Response Inquiries", a number of
the requests for OKI's required state-of-the-art information. Since the
secondary literature tends to lag the "state-of-the-art" by about two
years (Ref. 3)* alternative information sources had to be identified,
namely persons actually doing research in the areas of interest. Both
the AQCL and Battelle technical staffs were able to provide some leads;
however, SSIE searches proved to be very useful on these occasions. When
it became apparent during the preparation of a QRI that the literature
would not provide sufficient information, the AMIC staff would request a
search by the SSIE. (See sample notification, Figure 5.) The search
results would then be reviewed by the AMIC staff, impertinent portions
removed, and pertinent portions included in the prepared QRI. When the
requester of the QRI needed information other than references, the AMIC
staff contacted some of the researchers who often provided valuable
information and/or leads to other researchers. The final QRI included
the results of these contacts which often proved to be the most impor-
tant part of the response.
The SSIE searches requested by the AMIC are listed below and demonstrate
the types of subjects which the Center dealt with which were state-of-
the-art technology.
1. Occurrence and methods for analysis, extraction,
characterization, and identification of polychlori-
nated biphenyls (PCB) and/or naturally occurring
organic materials in water (naturally occurring
organic materials include among others, organic
acids, natural phenols, lignins, humic acids and
alpha-conidendrin).
2. Biological or microbiological transformation,
accumulation, absorption, or uptake of heavy metals
and trace elements (Lead, copper, mercury, zinc,
arsenic, boron, selenium, cadmium, nickel, chrimium,
antimony, cobalt, molybdenum, etc.) in seawater or
freshwater.
57
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SMITHSONIAN
SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE, INC.
173O M STREET, N.W. PHONE 2O2-381-SS1I
WASHINGTON, O.C. 2OO38
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
AK-120
SUPPORTING AGENCY: AGENCY'S NUMBER(S):
HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE 133-312-01
PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE
HEALTH SER. HHTL. HL1H. ADMIN.
HATL. IKS. OCCUP. SAF. S HLTH.
TITLE OF PROJECTi
DEVELOPMENT OF ANALYTICAL METHODS - INORGANIC
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR, ASSOCIATES AND DEPARTMENT/SPECIALTY:
JR CARLBERG PHYSICAL £ CHEM ANALYSIS BP
RECIPIENT INSTITUTION) PERIOD FOR THIS NRP:
U.S. DEPT. OF HLTH. ED. & WSL. 7/71 TO 6/72
P.H.S. HLTH. SShV. 6 M.H. ADM. FY72
101U BROADWAY
CINCINNATI. OHIO U5202
SUMMARY OF PROJECT:
The objective of this project is the development, testing, and
improvement or standard analytical procedures ror hazardous inorganic
compounds and elements. Samples of intest include inorganic vapors,
fumes and dusts, blood, urine, and biological tissue. A small sampling
of the hazardous agents of interest includes lead, silica, asbestos,
ammonia, cadmium, fluorides and HF, nitric acid, nitrogen oxides,
suliuric acid, sodium hydroxide, tin, CS2, chlorine, chromic acid,
mercury, platinum, arsenic, and beryllium.
Several analytical techniques will be investigated on in-house and
on contract bases. These include neutron activation analysis, spark
source mass spectrometry, induced electron emission spectrometry,
selective ion electrodes, metal ion catalysis, anodic stripping
voltammetry, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, emission spectroscopy,
x-ray diffraction, infra-red spectromatry, differential thermal
analysis, thermal gravimetric analysis, x-ray florescence spectrometry,
and gas chromatoyraphy of metal chelates.
FIGURE 5. SAMPLE NOTIFICATION OF ON-GOING RESEARCH FROM SSIE
-------
3. Analysis of undissolved heavy metals (including but
not limit to: Mercury, chromium, iron, cadmium,
zinc, nickel, copper, aluminum, antimony, lead,
arsenic, calcium, potassium, magnesium, and sodium)
in rainwater (also check atmospheric precipitation;
rainfall; and natural waters, rain).
k. Identification of wood materials in water, mud,
and sediment.
5. Identification and effects of organic compounds
in kraft paper mill wastewaters.
6. Characterization and analysis of stream, lake, and
ocean bottoms including sludge beds below industrial
outfalls and sewage treatment plant outfalls,
industrial gunks and muds, organically covered silts,
dredge spoils, and oil covered shore line material.
DO NOT INCLUDE characterization of geologic
sediments, fluvial sediments or bottom sediments
according to particle size or sedimentation rate.
7. Methods for analysis, special handling techniques,
toxicity, and pharmacology of thallium and tin,
synergistic effects of thallium on tin and tritium
(tritiated water) administered orally to rats or
small mammals.
In addition, to making customer searches, the SSIE sells copies of
searches prepared for other facilities. One particularly pertinent search
was purchased and forwarded to AQCL to provide the staff with possible
leads for future contact. It is not known whether any of the researchers
identified in the search were ever contacted by the AQCL staff.
Because of the nature of some of the inquiries and on the basis of the
results obtained, it is concluded that the services of the SSIE are defi-
nitely required for the AMIC to provide adequate QRI's on some topics.
Therefore, continued provision of QRI services by the Center should
incorporate the services of the SSIE when required. There is substantial
doubt concerning the value of purchasing SSIE searches prepared for other
facilities unless the Center's staff actively promotes use of the searches
or maintains them for future reference. Since there is a great deal of
uncertainty concerning the value of prepared searches, it is recommended
that they not be purchased unless they bear on a known need within the
EPA community.
59
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SECTION XIII
SELECTIVE DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION (SDI) SERVICES
SDI services selectively disseminate large amounts of information by
running computer searches of indexed titles on magnetic tapes against
prescribed profiles. Since these tapes contain bibliographic citations
from a large number of journals (thousands), the Center was assigned the
task of evaluating the usefulness of the service as a means of broaden-
ing the AMIC screening process to provide coverage of journals not
scanned by AMIC.
Toward this end, three profiles were prepared by three AQCL staff as
follows:
1. Methods of extracting and measuring chlorophyll and
pheophytin
2. Ion selective electrode methods for measurements in
water and wastes
3. Methods and techniques for the detection, identifi-
cation, and enumeration of water pollution
indicator organisms
These profiles were sent to three different SDI services covering micro-
biology, biology, and instrumentation. The output from the services,
were mailed weekly to the Center. Evaluation forms were prepared and
attached to the weekly outputs which were then mailed to the appropriate
staff member at AQCL for evaluation. The forms were then returned to
AMIC for analysis. The form, as shown in Figure J, also allowed the
recipient to note any modifications that should be made in his profile
to provide more accurate coverage.
The results of the evaluations, which are shown, in Table 15, covered
periods of 33 to 36 weeks. Assuming that the three SDI services provide
reasonably similar coverage for a given topic, it can be concluded that
the output is significantly affected by the subject area chosen. For
example, total output for Search 2 (ion selective electrodes) was much
less than that for Searches 1 and 3. This is a reasonable result based
upon the experience of the AMIC staff. It is interesting to note that
even with high output topics (l and 3)* about 20 percent of the time
(10 or 11 weeks per year), there were no hits. As can be seen from the
samples in Figure 7, the SDI notifications consisted of computer-printed
bibliographic citations. Since references alone provide limited informa-
tion, additional effort is required to obtain substantive information.
As Table 15 shows, the evaluators were unable to determine the pertinency
of IT percent of the notifications. Consequently, it would be at least
61
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15, 1972
SDI DISSEMINATION
(Note: Return this form only to the Analytical Methodology Information Center,
c/o R. L. Little, Battelle-Columbus Laboratories, 505 King Avenue, Columbus,
Ohio 43201.)
Requestor Robert H. Bo'rdner
Profile No. 3
Date of Search April 10, 1972
PROFILE: Methods and techniques for the detection, identification, and
enumeration in water of pollution indicator organisms.
See printout for the keywords used in the search and any terms to be added to
or deleted from your profile.
Deletions
Chlorinatlon! Disinfection! Sevage
Water trpatnpnt^ Halogens }
fl« Wat.fr rra na remPTVt Industrial
eompo-unda;
Wastes; BOD; O^.nng*
Chemi stis:
TfxHnc; Hyrt-rogen; Soils;
SERVICE:
Engineering Index COMPENDEX
Additions
See other sheet
Abstract No.
00037 _
00079 _
oooflo _
ooofli _
OOOQ.3 _
0010
0013
QOlUg
001 U
ooiSU
00330
00231
00233
002^5
00236
00253
0026U
0027U
00276
Not
Useful
Need
More
Info.
Note: Use other side for additional comments.
FIGUEE 6. SDI EVALUATION FORM
Useful
A Hit!
X
X
Include
in AMIC
62
-------
-2-
Need
Not More Useful Include
Abstract No. Useful Info. A Hit! in MIC
0038^ *—
0028*1
OQ2Q8
00209
0036U
00375
387
00387
00511
00555
00709
02137
022U4
152350
02351
02760
"02761
03^55
03910
"OT211
"05950
' 06310
"66662
FIGURE 6. SDI EVALUATION FORM (Continued)
63
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**«4 444**4444*4444444444444***4*44*444^*
PRCFILE = 016780-C01 FEB. OS, 1973
QUESTION WT. +100
MOCOY GJ,THCNAS JC,
SELECTIVE IGN-SENSITIVE ELECTRODES (MERROW TECHNICAL LIBRARY,? PRA
CTICAL SCIENCE)
(BGOKA7) 1971, 140 PP.
AVAIL.. 45S, . 1971/261-275
AUTH LAVOREL J/
TITL FLUORESCENCE AND LUMINESCENCE STUDIES OF IN-VIVO CHLOROPHYLL WITH A
LASER PHOSPHOROSCQPE/
KEYH CHLORELLA LIGHT LUMINESCENCE INTENSITY DECAY ELECTROCHEMICAL
PHENOMENA POOL NUMBER
CROS 06504 07517 10502-10504 10604-51506*51516-51523-
SYST 51506 13300
FIGURE 7. SAMPLE SDI OUTPUT
-------
ABSTRACT NO. 031182 CA VOL. 76, NO. 07 PROFILE C1G060051A
SECTION 05
JIR1K, V.; POKORNY, J.; CULIKOVA, H. (USTAV HYG., PRAGUE, CZECH).
DEGRADATION OF ORGANOPHOSPriATE INSECTICIDE IN SURFACE HATER.
CESK. HYG. 16(6), 177-82, 1971. (ASTM CODEN: CEHYA). GRIG. LANG.
CZECH.
INDEX TERMS: $CA005000$ BACTERIA SEhAGE MALATHION ORGAKOPHOSPHORUS
DEGRDN MICROFLORA
SEARCH TERMS PRESENT: SEWAGE WATER
WEIGHT FOR THIS CITATION: 0
FIGURE 7. SAMPLE SDI OUTPUT (Continued)
-------
TABLE 15. EVALUATION OF SDI SERVICES
Search
1
2
3
Average
Number of
Weeks
Evaluated
33
36
32
Number of
Weeks No
Hits
(11.8*)
10
(36*)
1*
(12.5*)
20 ,1$
Total
HitsB
531
76
530
379
Number
Not
Useful0
268
53
(69.7*)
3^7
(67*)
62.3*
Number
Indeter-
minate0
(27.U*)
12
(15.7*)
(7.9*)
17. <$
Number
Useful0
117
(22.0*)
(H.8*)
(26.6#)
20.1%
Number of Useful
Items From Sources
Covered by AMIC
17
3
(33.3*)
35
(25*)
22.1*
Average
Useful Hits Cost Per
Per Week Total Hits
3.5 .66
.25 6.1U
U.fc .57
2.71
Cost Per
Useful Hits
3.00
51.88
2.11+
U.19
A. For Search 1, this value vas calculated from a 31* veek sample.
B. Total number of citations for the evaluation period.
C. As determined by AQCL evaluators.
D. Number of documents whose pertinence could not be ascertained from the information provided.
-------
necessary to obtain an abstract to adequately evaluate these items. Even
in the case where the pertinency of an item can be determined from the
title, it is necessary to expend additional effort to obtain substantive
information. In many cases this would likely be the complete article.
Since these items likely appear in scattered sources, it no doubt will be
necessary to resort to interlibrary loan services to obtain them. If
the number of items to be obtained this way is large, quite high costs
may be incurred.
The most important results shown in Table 15 are the number of useful items
and the cost per useful item. About 20 percent of all items proved to be
useful. This appears to be a low rate of accuracy and seems to indicate
that the SDI services are not very selective. Modification of two of the
profiles did not appear to improve very effectively the accuracy of the
output. If the output for a given profile is large, the accuracy
becomes very important. If few of the notifications are pertinent, the
reviewer will soon question the value of spending his time in this manner.
Since he must employ further efforts to obtain substantive information
on those items he does find to be of interest, he may resort to another
method of identifying information.
The cost per useful item identified by the SDI services as shown in
Table 15 ranges from $2.lU to $51.88. Although it is impossible to place
a value on a particular item of information, it would appear that the
cost of $51.88 for a bibliographic citation is too high. It is quite
possible that a more economical approach is available for identifying
these items. However, if several profiles are searched by an SDI
service, the average cost per item ($U.19 in Table 15) may be acceptable.
Since the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of
the SDI services for broadening the coverage of the literature for AMIC,
a further analysis was made to determine how many items noted as useful
appeared in sources covered by AMIC. The percentages for each profile
are shown in Table 15 with an average of 22.1 percent. It can be con-
cluded then that of the items noted as useful, about 78 percent would
not have been picked up by AMIC. Therefore, if the Center is to provide
optimal coverage of the literature on analytical methods, the SDI ser-
vices are beneficial in this respect. However, it must be recognized
that the services are costly, and involve costs beyond purchase of the
service, namely the cost of obtaining further information from the noti-
fication. Further, during the first year of AMIC operations, much more
valuable information was identified than could be processed within the
funds provided. Based on this fact, it would appear that a more logical
approach would be to utilize available funds first to process the impor-
tant items which have been acquired from the core sources and if additional
funds are available then acquire the most important items identified by
the SDI services.
One further point needs to be considered. This is the fact that the
NERC-Cincinnati Library was able to procure two SDI services, one batch
mode and one on-line, at a more economical rate than was available to
67
-------
AMIC because of a larger user audience. If funds are available for AMIC
to process additional information, consideration should be given to allow-
ing the Center to access those services procured by the NERC-Cincinnati
Library. This would provide better utilization of those services and
eliminate that cost to the Center.
In summary, on the basis of these evaluations, the SDI services do not pro-
vide very selective output. Therefore, if they are used to broaden the
literature coverage of AMIC, it may be necessary to review large numbers
of notifications with relatively low return. However, a large percentage
(78 percent) of those items selected as useful will be from sources not
covered by AMIC. The decision whether or not to use SDI services in con-
junction with the regular AMIC acquisitions program will have to be based
upon the availability of funds to obtain those items identified. Even if
the SDI services procured by the NERC-jCincinnati Library are utilized by
AMIC, fairly extensive costs will be incurred not only in obtaining the
items but also in processing them into the system.
68
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SECTION XIV
LOAN STUDY
Although the contract called for a study "to determine the most feasible
means of providing loan services such as use of microfiche copies,
aperture cards, or other document forms", the Project Officer agreed that
"because of the demand for funds in other areas of operation, the study
would not be undertaken. Whether a similar study should be conducted as
part of the future operation of the Center should be left to the discre-
tion of the Project Officer.
-------
SECTION XV
TRANSLATIONS
Although funds were set aside to provide limited translation services
to the AQCL, there was no occasion to use this service. Consequently,
with the Project Officer's approval, funds were reallocated for other
use. It is doubtful that translation services will be required to any
extent in the future, especially with the development of a new EPA
policy regarding translations.
71
-------
SECTION XVI
INTERACTIONS WITH EPA FACILITIES
As a result of the expansion of the AMIC operation and services, an
increased number of EPA facilities "began to interact with the Center.
Obviously, the relationship with the AQCL has provided the foundation of
the AMIC operations. However, a number of other facilities have begun
to play an important role in the activities of the Center as described
below.
Division of Processes and Effects,
Measurements and Instrumentation Branch
The headquarters staff of the Measurements and Instrumentation Branch
(MIS) has played an important role in both the prototype and operational
AMIC because of its fiscal support and guidance of the program. As the
AMIC began full-scale operation, two of the AMIC staff and the Project
Officer visited the MIB to discuss the orientation of the Center and
the needs of the MIB with respect to the AMIC. The need for AMIC services
by MIB was very limited, but because of their role in the AMIC, every
attempt was made to keep that facility informed of the activities of the
Center.
Research Information Division
The Research Information Division (RID) plays a major role in EPA with
regard to interactive information systems and therefore has an inherent
interest in the AMIC. Therefore, RID was kept informed of the Center's
activities by visits and monthly reports and was given access to the
information base. Much of the interaction revolved around the possible
transfer of the AMEC computer file to the EPA's ENVIRON system as dis-
cussed in the section on the information base page 32. In addition,
because of the general interests of the RID in EPA's information activities,
the AMIC provided summaries of its interactions with WRSIC and of costs
of QRI's. It is anticipated that the RID will play a more important role
in directing and supporting the Center in the future.
NERC-Cincinnati Library
Because of the proximity of the NERC-Cincinnati library to AQCL and the
complementary nature of its activities to those of the AMIC, interaction
developed more or less naturally. The Center provided the NERC library
with copies of all QRI's, copies of the "Reviews", access to the informa-
tion base, and occasional loan and copy service. The Center also occasion-
ally provided assistance by preparing responses to inquiries received by
73
-------
the NERC library. Two responses, QRI-21 and 30 which are shown in
Table 12, were prepared at the request of the NERC library. Likewise,
the NERC library assisted the Center by handling some document requests,
providing copies of reports and other library services.
It is anticipated that the interactions of the NERC library and the AMIC
will continue to grow, possibly to the point where the relationships are
formally delineated. As suggested previously, consideration should be
given to arranging for the Center to provide copies of a3J. documents to
the NERC library. All requests for loan and copy services from AQCL and
all other EPA facilities could then be directed to the NERC library.
Other EPA Facilities
By virtue of the QRI services and the interactive information system, a
number of other facilities became involved with the Center. Since these
facilities are listed in Tables 5 and 8, they are not listed here.
However, it should be noted that these facilities have a vested interest
in the Center and therefore should be inclined to support it.
-------
SECTION XVII
AMIC PUBLICITY
To inform the EPA community of the existence and operation of the AMIC,
an announcement was prepared for the AQCL Newsletter which is distributed
to about 6,000 addresses within and outside of EPA. In addition, Battelle's
Publication and Public Services Office prepared a news release which was
mailed to about 150 newspapers and technical journals. In order to respond
to the numerous requests for additional information a descriptive pam-
phlet was prepared. The pamphlet is shown in Figure 8 and describes
as concisely as possible the scope and services of the Center. Copies of
the pamphlet were also included with one mailing of the "Reviews" so that
a broader spectrum of EPA personnel would be informed of the activities
of the Center.
75
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ANALYTICAL
METHODOLOGY
INFORMATION
CENTER
o
*r
NATIONAL ANALYTICAL METHODS
DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH PROGRAM
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND MONITORING
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGY
INFORMATION CENTER
Sponsored by the
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
Under EPA Contract No. 68-01-0166
The Analytical Methodology Information Center
(AMIC) was established to assist the Analytical
Quality Control Laboratory (AQCL), Cincinnati, and
other segments of the National Analytical Methods
Development Research Program in searching the
technical literature and identifying, procuring,
evaluating, and computerizing relevant information.
AMIC also assists the AQCL in fulfilling its role as a
literature center of competence in chemical and
biological methods for the identification and
measurement of pollutants for the Water Resources
Scientific Information Center (WRSIC).
FIGURE 8. AMIC PAMPHLET
76
-------
CURRENT AWARENESS
AMIC will each month identify, abstract, index, and
machine approximately 200 current reports on
methods for determining the identity, concentra-
tion, and ecological effects of pollutants, and mea-
suring water quality. Other environments may be
covered in the future. Subject areas covered by
AMIC include biology, chemistry, instrumentation,
microbiology, and quality control.
The abstracts are disseminated within the EPA by
publication of * monthly current awareness bulletin
called "Reviews of Current Literature on Analytical
Methodology and Quality Control" The abstracts
are printed on card stock in 3 x 5 format so that
the recipients may clip and file the references of
particular interest to them. Copies of the "Reviews"
will be available to the public through the National
Technical Information Service. Copies of abstracts
of reports dealing with water are also forwarded to
WRSIC.
COMPUTERIZED DATA BASE
The processed information is stored in a com-
puterized data base which can be accessed via
remote terminals. The system operates in a con-
versational mode which simplifies the searching
process and provides immediate (real-time) responses
to the users' queries. Retrievals can also be printed
•'off-line" at AMIC if too lengthy to be printed at
the terminal. Access is currently limited to
Teletype-compatible terminals. Changes now under
way will permit the system to accommodate most
other terminals in the near future.
The AMIC computerized data base is currently avail-
able from 9:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. weekdays, and
9:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on Saturdays, and is up-
dated monthly.
FIGURE 8. AMIC PAMPHLET (CONTINUED)
77
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QUICK RESPONSE INQUIRIES
"Quick Response Inquiry" (QRI) is Battelle nomen-
clature for a rapid response to an urgent request for
services beyond the ordinary scope of AMIC
operations. A QRI may consist of preparation of a
state-of-the-art report or an in-depth search of past
and current literature on a special topic. Arrange-
ments for QRl's must be made with the Project
Officer.
OTHER AMIC SERVICES
AMIC can provide EPA personnel with copies of
short articles (20 pages or less) and loan copies of
longer reports which are unavailable from local
library facilities. AMIC also furnishes assistance in
determining availability of translations, emergency
translation services (if warranted), review of on-
going research projects through the Science Infor-
mation Exchange, and other information services as
required.
The address for AMIC is:
ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGY INFORMATION
CENTER
Battelle, Columbus Laboratories
505 King Avenue
Columbus, Ohio 43201
The principal investigators, Ralph L. Darby and
Robert L. Little, will be happy to answer any
questions or to assist in any way possible. Call FTS
614-299-8045, and ask for Ext. 3264 or 2071.
The Project Officer should be contacted for assis-
tance in utilizing AMIC. His address and telephone
number are as follows:
Dr. Cornelius I. Weber
Analytical Quality Control Laboratory
National Environmental Research Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
Phone: 513-684-2913
FIGURE 8. AMIC PAMPHLET (CONTINUED)
78
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SECTION XVIII
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION SYMPOSIUM (NEIS)
Over the past year, the National Environmental Research Center, Cincinnati,
planned a National Environmental Information Symposium scheduled for
September 2^-26. Because of the obvious involvement of AMIC in this area,
Battelle's Columbus Laboratories sponsored a display which included
facilities to demonstrate the capabilities of the interactive information
system and sample products of the Center. A large number of convention
attendees, both EPA and non-EPA, expressed interest in the Center and its
activities. The reactions of attendees further indicated the need for
the services that the Center has provided.
79
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SECTION XIX
ACCESS
One effect of the publicity accorded the AMIC was that interest was
stimulated "both within and outside EPA. Following the announcements of
the Center, a number of inquiries were received from the private sector
regarding the availability of the "Reviews", the OKI services, and access
to the interactive data base.
Reviews
As described in Section V arrangements were made with the National
Technical Information Service to market the "Reviews" to the public.
Consequently, persons inquiring about this facet of the AMIC services
were referred to NTIS. On a few occasions, sample copies were provided
to inquirers if the Project Officer so instructed.
Computer Access
In addition to the "Reviews" a number of the inquirers requested infor-
mation on direct access to the AMIC Information Base and also on the
QRI service. A list of inquirers is contained in Table 16. The Project
Officer in a letter dated May U, 1972, to the Battelle-Columbus
Laboratories stated that "the Office of Research and Monitoring, EPA,
wishes to provide such access on a cost-recovery basis under provisions
of the 'Freedom of Information Act1 and a plan for providing such 'outside1
access at an early date". The letter went on to state: "Thus, the
AMIC data base will be useful to a broad spectrum of government and
private groups, and arrangements for 'outside1 access to the system should
be completed as soon as possible."
On June 13, 1972, a plan was submitted to the Project Officer whereby such
access could be granted to non-EPA users on a cost-recovery basis. The
Project Officer requests headquarters approval to grant private access,
but as of November 30, 1972, the completion date of the contract period,
no ruling was made concerning the request.
Plan for Access to the Information System
The EPA provision that public access be on a cost-recovery basis has
created a new dimension in project management, requiring a separate
costing mechanism. This is described in the following exerpt from the
June 13th letter.(2)
(2) Certain cost figures have been modified to reflect current conditions
rather than those which existed at the time the letter was written.
81
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TABLE 16. FACILITIES INDICATING INTEREST IN AMIC SERVICES AND PRODUCTS
Facility
Interest
Reviews
Computer Access
Technical Assistance
oo
American Petroleum Institute
Argonne National Laboratory
Atlantic Richfield Company
Battelle's Pacific Northwest
Laboratories
Beta Laboratories
Bunker Hill Company
University of California, Davis
Canada, Department of Lands,
Forests, and Water Resources
University of Canterbury
Charles County Community College
University of Connecticut
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-------
TABLE 16. FACILITIES INDICATING INTEREST IN AMIC SERVICES AND PRODUCTS (Continued)
Facility
Reviews
Interest
Computer Access
Technical Assistance
oo
u>
Diamond Shamrock Corporation
E.I. duPont de Nemours & Company
FMC Corporation
General Motors Corporation
State of Illinois, Environmental
Protection Agency
Institute of Paper Chemistry
International Business Machines
Corporation
International Nutronics, Inc.
Iowa State University
Lever Brothers Company
Monsanto
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-------
TABUS 16. FACILITIES INDICATING INTEREST IN AMIC SERVICES AND PRODUCTS (Continued)
Interest
Facility
Reviews
Computer Access
Technical Assistance
National Council of the Paper
Industry for Air and Stream
Improvement, Inc.
Nev York Ocean Science Laboratory
P. R. Mallory & Company, Inc.
Schmoeger, Mr. Donald R.
Sun Oil Company
Tennessee Valley Authority
Texas A & M University
Union Carbide Corporation
U.S. Army, Cold Regions Research
& Engineering Laboratory
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-------
TABIJB 16. FACILITIES INDICATING INTEREST IN AMIC SERVICES AND PRODUCTS (Continued)
Interest
Facility
Reviews
Computer Access
Technical Assistance
CD
VJl
U.S. Army, Picatinny Arsenal
U.S. Department of the Interior,
Geological Survey
West Virginia District of Water
Resources
-------
"AMIC utilizes a Battelle-developed information system program
known as BASIS-70. Current access costs to BASIS-70, and
hence to AMIC for EPA Agencies, are based upon terminal con-
nect time and billed at the rate of $30 per hour ($0.50) per
minute). However, in servicing organizations other than EPA,
some form of service charge would have to be included to
cover additional costs anticipated in controlling access,
providing instructions to individual organizations gaining
access, and in accounting procedures.
"Identification of costs is based upon controlled passwords and
numbers, and the user must be responsible for the security
of such identification. Both EPA and Battelle-Columbus
Laboratories should reserve the right to revoke such identi-
fication either upon misuse of the system (non-R & D purposes),
or for non-reimbursement of costs.
"Access may be by any teletype compatible equipment operating
at 10 characters per second (e.g., Hazeltine 2000, Execuport,
Portacom, etc.). It is anticipated that the system shortly
will be modified to accept 30 cps equipment in the near
future. At that time, a modest cost increase is anticipated.
Off-line prints, also soon to be available, are billed
additionally. Costs for the terminals and telephone time
are not included in the above charges.
"At present we are visualizing offering industrial organiza-
tions and technical societies a minimum monthly charge of
$75 per month plus a charge of 75 cents per connect minute
(U.50 minimum per computer/terminal connect). Pursuant to
your request, all billing will be done by Battelle-Columbus.
Assignment of identification numbers and distribution of
instructional materials will be handled by the Laboratories,
with no costs accruing to the EPA project."
QRI Services
In addition to direct computer access to the AMIC data base, Battelle would
also be in a position to offer support to industrial companies and/or
institutions in the form of technical analysis and technical assistance.
This might be in a form similar to the "Quick Response Inquiry Service"
which is currently included in the services offered under EPA Contract
No. 68-01-0166. Or, alternatively, more extensive technical assistance
could be included. Should such technical assistance be desired by
individual industrial or technical institutions, it would be offered com-
pletely independently of the current EPA contract in the form of techni-
cal assistance programs. In this case, such programs would be billed for
access to the AMIC data base in a manner similar to the industrial
organizations.
86
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SECTION XX
POSSIBLE ALTERNATE MODES OF OPERATION OF THE AMIC
For many years library and information services in the U. S. have been
widely available, often at no direct cost to the user. The result has
been that many persons are not aware of the true cost of these services.
This fact, coupled with the frequent opinion of scientific and technical
staff that they adequately cover the literature themselves, makes
specialized information services difficult to fund. The consequence is
that these specialized information services are often not made available
or are inadequate. In addition, costs associated with information
centers, primarily personnel costs, are continuing to rise. It is there-
fore necessary for information managers to develop alternate methods of
operation to minimize costs as much as possible. The Analytical
Methodology Information Center staff has looked critically at the costs
of operating the Center and presents herein some suggestions for alternate
operation which should serve to reduce costs, increase efficiency of
operation, and improve the utility of the Center within the EPA community.
First and foremost in any operation, duplication of effort must be avoided
wherever possible. For AMIC this means that the Center's relationship
with EPA libraries and other information centers should be carefully
defined and the responsibilities of each delineated. AH requests for
document loans or copies, reference look up, and other types of library
services relative to AMIC should be directed to the EPA libraries since
full-time staffs are supported to provide these services. Of course, a
mechanism must be established to insure that at least one EPA library,
probably the NERC-Cincinnati Library, has the AMIC documents. As sug-
gested previously, one means for accomplishing this would be for AMIC
to regularly inform a library, such as the NERC- Cincinnati Library, of
the documents acquired or provide copies of them.
Further, the centers and libraries within EPA should keep one another
informed of their activities and products so that each can make as much
use as possible of the work that has been done by other facilities. The
AMIC touched on this type of activity by announcing the availability of
QRI's. Several EPA libraries requested that all QRI's be provided upon
completion.
For such an interactive arrangement to be effective, one person at each
facility must be assigned the responsibility of keeping other facilities
informed and serving as the coordinator for incoming and outgoing requests.
It is important that coordinators respond in a timely fashion. The result
of such an arrangement, as shown in Figure 9* is an interactive network
of information facilities interconnected by telephone and mail services.
87
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AMIC
Library E
Library A
Informati
Center B
Library B
Library D
Library C
Information Center A
Figure 9. INTERACTIVE NETWORK OF EPA LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION CENTERS
Note: For further discussion of the concept of information networks and
of the above diagram see EPA Report No. 16020 FSO 06/71, "Design
and Operation of an Information Center on Analytical Methodology",
June, 1971, Appendix A.
-------
Reduction of Information Processing Costs
At the present time, there are several constraints which limit modifica-
tion and consequent reduction of the cost of information processing.
First, the Center currently is obligated by contract to provide input to
the Water Resources Scientific Information Center in a compatible format.
This means that informative abstracts must be prepared, indexed, and
typed on WRSIC's standard form. As described in the report of the FY-71
study, the cost of providing this input has been minimized by using paper-
tape typewriters and using a format which is compatible with WRSIC's.
However, at 1972 staff rates, the cost for providing WRSIC input
(including hard copy) was $U.OO-$5.00 per item.
Further, the AMIC abstracts have been prepared according to the specifica-
tions of the AQCL staff. Therefore, there are limited alternatives
available. Several are described below:
(l) Author Prepared Abstracts. Author prepared abstracts may be employed
(with or without modification) if they conform to specifications and
if permission is granted by publishers. It should be noted that
WRSIC feels that if an abstractor takes time to check the adequacy
of an abstract, he can easily prepare a complete abstract. The
experience of the AMIC staff has shown that the use of prepared
abstracts does reduce the abstracting time but may require some
modification to achieve proper orientation for the AMIC users.
An example of this would be a document on sewage treatment which
included analytical methodology. Since sewage treatment is not
within the scope of AMIC, that aspect of the document would be
minimized and the pertinent parts emphasized. Further, some abstracts
are much better prepared than others. Consequently, in some instances
it may be necessary to completely prepare the abstract. Nevertheless,
it is recommended that the Center continue to request permission
from publishers to use prepared abstracts and that these be used
and modified where necessary. No estimate can be made of the cost
saving realized with this approach.
(2) Reduce Depth of Abstracting. During the current year the AMIC staff
gave considerable attention to the possibility of reducing the depth
and detail of the abstracts being prepared. This is the single most
costly operation performed by any center because of the intellectual
effort involved. The abstractor must be able to quickly read a
document and grasp the significant points in view of the user
audience being served. Writing the proxy has all of the pitfalls
of grammar, sentence structure and meaning as is experienced in
any original writing.
However, as previously discussed, both the WRSIC guidelines and the
desires of the user audience at AQCL dictate an informative abstract.
In order to maintain the informative nature of the AMIC data base,
the AMIC staff continued in-depth abstracting.
89
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(3) Reduce Depth of Indexing. Although indexing is relatively inexpen-
sive compared to abstracting, indexing of species names in some
documents becomes very time consuming. Elimination of these terms
would somewhat reduce processing costs. However, the effect on the
usefulness of the interactive information base must be considered.
These terms have been used in AMIC at the specific request of the
users and should not be eliminated without careful study. Indexing
time can also be reduced by incorporating at least some generic
posting in the computer input program. However, time and costs
would be involved in defining the generic relationships and pre-
paring the programs.
Publication of the "Reviews"
Since agencies of the Federal Government have access to the services of
the Government Services Administration and the Government Printing Office,
consideration should be given to having one of these agencies print the
"Reviews". This approach would require that agreements be set up to
assure that printing and distribution would be done promptly. Such
an arrangement would make use of established government capabilities,
presumably at reduced cost, and consequently reduce the costs charged
directly against the Center.
On-Line Interactive Information Base
There are several alternatives which can reduce costs relative to the
information/data base. The first involves transferring the base to the
Research Information Division's Project Information Research System
(ENVIRON) as discussed earlier. However, since ENVIRON cannot yet
satisfy some of the requirements of AMIC, this transfer is sometime in
the future. Nonetheless, some of the suggested alternatives are
applicable to any system.
During the present contract period, the Center covered the cost of renting
three remote terminals. Contract costs would be reduced if each facility
were required to provide its own terminal as was done by many of the
laboratories served. Likewise, the Center covered connect time costs for
all users of the information base. Consideration should be given to bill-
ing each facility directly according to use. Caution should be used,
however, so that use of the system is not eliminated or severely
restricted because of the unavailability of funds or lack of a simple
mechanism for paying charges. One problem for the facility operating the
Center is that separate billing involves additional work, the cost of
which will have to be covered by contract funds.
90
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Computer storage for the information base should also be considered as
a possible area of cost reduction. The bulk of the storage for AMIC at
present results from the textual portion of the abstracts. Although
storage costs are decreasing with technological advancements, the costs
increase as the base grows and are perpetual. Therefore, if these costs
can be reduced, a savings will result as long as the information base is
loaded on the computer. One possible means of reducing the amount of
information in storage is to eliminate the abstracts from the information
base. The interactive system could still be searched in the same manner
and display author names, titles, facilities, bibliographic citation,
index terms (if desired), and chemical effects data. Instead of
displaying the abstracts on the computer, the Center could provide either
volumes of abstracts or abstract cards which could be filed in numerical
order. These abstracts would be stationed next to the remote terminals.
Upon completion of a search, the user would obtain the accession numbers
and review the abstracts in the accompanying file. Of course, this
approach requires that someone be assigned to maintain the file. There
is also the possibility that the reference abstracts could be lost or
removed.
Battelle has a more sophisticated means for reducing computer storage
requirements. This involves prototype equipment which combines a cathode
ray tube (CRT) terminal with a microfiche display system. The equipment
allows the user to search a computerized information base as usual.
However, when he requests a display, the computer activates the microfiche
carousel unit which displays the proper microfiche on the CRT. The system
has additional capabilities, and Improvements are being added since it is
still in the prototype storage. One limitation at the present time is
that the full ensemble is required at each user facility and at present
is rather expensive. However, technological advances may bring reduced
costs or the capability for a centralized unit which can display the
microfiche over long distance lines.
Processing Backlog tfeterial
During the current year the backlog of items in the Center has continued
to grow because of the unanticipated increase in available information.
Much of this information is very important in retrospective searches.
Consequently, economical methods need to be developed to make this
information available on the interactive system. As described in page 16
it is possible to process the references alone for free-text searching on
titles. However, this method is far from ideal. A more desirable method
would be to index these documents, probably at a cursory level. Indexing
is relatively inexpensive compared to indexing, but does provide an
accurate indication of the content of a document. A suitable prefix could
be used with these index terms to separate them from those documents com-
pletely indexed. This would be necessary since different search strategies
would be involved with the two types of indexing. Using this procedure,
it should be possible to process a large amount of these documents at
relatively low cost.
91
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The suggested options offered here are not purported to be the only ones
available. Furthermore, some of them should not "be instituted without
thorough consideration of their consequences. It can be concluded, how-
ever, that the Center must continue to look for ways to minimize operating
costs within the constraints of the user requirements by improving the
efficiency of the operation.
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SECTION XXI
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors wish to thank Dr. Cornelius Weber, Project Officer and Chief
of the Biological Methods Activity at the Analytical Quality Control
Laboratory, for his guidance and assistance during the operation of the
AMIC. Appreciation is also extended to the staff of the AQCL and other
EPA facilities for their interest in the activities of the Center and to
Messrs. John Mortland, Ronald Byrd, George Long, Michael Mackan, Ronald
Snyder, and Miss Verna Holoman, Information Scientists, and Mrs. Naomi
Cranston, Mrs. Donna Knight, and Mrs. Imogene Culver, typists, for their
able assistance in operating the Center.
Robert L. Little
Ralph L. Darby
93
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SECTION XXII
REFERENCES
1. "Design and Operation of an Information Center on Analytical
Methodology", Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, Ohio, Water
Pollution Control Research Series 16020 FSO C-6/71, EPA Contract
No. 1U-12-862, June 1971, 131 pp.
2. "Water Quality Criteria Data Book, Volume 3. Effects of Chemicals
on Aquatic Life", Kemp, H. T., Abrams, J. P., Overbeck, R. C.,
Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, Ohio, Water Pollution
Control Research Series 18050 GWV 05/71, EPA Contract No. 68-01-
0007, May 1971.
3. "Scientific and Technical Communication", Passman, S., Pergamon
Press Inc., Oxford, 1969, p 52.
95
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SECTION XXIII
APPENDICES
A. JOURNALS REVIEWED FOR THE ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGY INFORMATION
CENTER, DECEMBER, 1971-NOVEMBER, 1972
B. SAMPLE PAGE FROM THE "REVIEWS"
C. "REVIEWS" DISTRIBUTION
D. AMIC USER GUIDE
E. RESPONSES TO AMIC QUICK RESPONSE INQUIRIES
97
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APPENDIX A. JOURNALS REVIEWED FOR THE ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGY
INFORMATION CENTER, DECEMBER, 1971-NOVEMBER, 1972
JOURNALS SCREENED BY THE
ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGY INFORMATION CENTER
Title Estimated Items Per Year
AMBIO 12
American Journal of Public Health 7
*American Midland Naturalist 2k
*Analyst 36
*Analytica Chimica Acta 108
Analytical Biochemistry Uo
*Analytical Chemistry 297
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 25
*Applied Microbiology 123
Applied Spectroscopy 9
*Archiv fur Hydrobiologie 12
Archiv fur Mikrobiologie 91
*Atomic Absorption Newsletter 18
Bacteriological Reviews 2
Biometrics 6
Bioscience lU
Biotechnology and Bioengineering 27
^Bulletin of Environmental Contamination
and Toxicology 65
Canadian Entomologist 12
Canadian Journal of Microbiology Uo
*Chemical and Engineering News 2
*Chemical Engineering 33
Chemical Processing 2
*Chemical Week 12
Control Engineering 6
CRC - Critical Reviews in Environmental
Control 5
Deep-Sea Research and Oceanographic
Abstracts 38
Dissertation Abstracts Uo
Doklady Biological Sciences 9
Ecological Monographs 5
Ecology 17
EID - Electronic Instrumentation 5
Environmental Pollution 26
*Environmental Science and Technology 55
Fresenius1 Zeitschrift fur Analytische
Chemie 98
Subscriptions to these journals were purchased by AMIC.
-------
Title Estimated Items Per Year
Gaylor's Technical Survey
Government Reports Announcements 38^
*Hydro1>iologia 16
Hydrocarbon Processing 7
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
and Control Instrumentation 2
IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and
Measurement 2
Industrial Research U
industrial Water Engineering 5
Instrumentation Technology U
Instrument Practice 8
Instruments and Control Systems 6
Internationale Revue der Gesamten Hydrobiologie 22
International Journal of Applied Radiation
and Isotopes 2U
Izmeritel'naia Tekhnika 12
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 58
Journal of Animal Ecology 6
Journal of Applied Bacteriology 20
Journal of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology bo
Journal of Bacteriology 6l
Journal of Chromatographic Science 36
Journal of Chromatography 7^
Journal of General Microbiology 38
Journal of Milk and Food Technology 12
Journal of Organic Chemistry 0
*Joumal of Phycology 32
Journal of Physical Chemistry U
*Journal of Quality Technology 13
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 18
Journal of the American Statistical
Association (JASA) 8
*Journal of the American Waterworks
Association 2U
*Journal of the Association of Official
Analytical Chemists 90
Journal of the Electrochemical Society k
*Journal of the Fisheries Research Board
of Canada iM
Journal of the Hydraulics Division, Proceedings
of the American Society of Civil Engineers 10
Journal of the Institute of Petroleum 12
Journal of the Irrigation and Drainage
Division, Proceedings of the American
Society of Civil Engineers U
Journal of the Sanitary Engineering
Division, Proceedings of the American
Society of Civil Engineers 28
99
-------
Title Estimated Items Per Year
Journal of the Science of Food and
Agriculture 17
*Joumal Water Pollution Control Federation 89
Khimiya i Technologiya Topliv i Masel 2?
Laboratory Practice 22
*Limnology and Oceanography 125
Limnos 1
Marine Biology 8l
Marine Pollution Bulletin 18
Mathematical Biosciences 8
*Measurements and Data 12
Microchemical Journal 21
Microscope 2
Mikrochimica Acta 2?
Mycopathologia et Mycologia Applicata 12
Nature 28
Nature - New Biology 8
*New Scientist 6
New Zealand Journal of Science 1
*Nova Hedwegia 68
Oceanology International 9
Oikos 16
Okeanologiya 2?
*Pesticides Monitoring Journal 23
Petroleum Engineer 0
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal
Society of London, Series B 0
*Phycologia 32
Pollution Engineering 2
*Potomac Basin Reporter 0
Prikladnaya Biokhimiya i Mikrobiologiya 12
Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences,
Section B 8
Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences 0
Product R&D 2
Public Works U
Quality Progress ^
R/D - Research Development 10
Review of Scientific Instruments lU
Schweizerische fur Zeitschrift Hydrologie 15
*Science 52
Science News 10
Sciences, The 0
Technometrics 13
Transactions of the New York Academy of
Sciences 2
Water and Pollution Control 11
100
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Title Estimated Items Per Year
*Water and Sewage Works 21
*Water and Wastes Digest 0
*Water and Wastes Engineering k
Water and Water Engineering 6
*Water Pollution Control Federation Highlights 1
*Water Research 56
Water Resources Research l6
*WHO Chronicle - World Health Organization 0
World Petroleum 0
Zhurnal Analiticheskoi Khimii 33_
Total "3589"
101
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JOURNALS IDENTIFIED BUT NOT SCREENED BY THE
ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGY INFORMATION CENTER
Acta Hydrobiologia
Advances in Applied Microbiology
Advances in Virus Research
Air and Water News
Annual Review of Microbiology
Bulletin of Marine Science
Chromatographic Reviews
Contributions in Marine Science
Current Contents
Currents in Modern Biology
EEE
Environment
Environmental Engineering and Environmental Engineer
Gigiena i Sanitarya
Health Laboratory Science
Hydrological Sciences Bulletin
Instrumentation
Instenationalen Vereinigung fur Theoretische und Angewandt Limnologie,
Mitteilungen
International Journal of Air and Water Pollution
ISA Transactions
Japanese Journal of Microbiology
Journal of Applied Ecology
Journal of Ecology
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
Journal of Food Science
Journal of General and Applied Microbiology
Journal of General Virology
Journal of Marine Research
Journal of Microscopy
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom
Journal of the New England Water Works Association
Journal of the Society for Water Treatment and Examination
Journal of Virology
Literaturberichte Uber Wasser, Abwasser, Luft und Boden
Methods in Virology
Microbiology Abstracts
Microbios
Mikrobiologiya
Monthly Catalog of the United States Government Publications
New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research
Ocean Engineering
Ohio Journal of Science
Plant and Soil
Pribory i Sistemy Upravleniya
Proceedings of the International Association of Theoretical and
Applied Limnology
102
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Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B
Remote Sensing of Environment
Transactions of the American Microscopical Society
Virology
Virology Abstracts
Water, Air, and Soil Pollution
Zavodskaya Laboratoriya
Zhurnal Neorganicheskol Khimii
103
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1. PHYSICAL AHD CHEMICAL METHODS
AXXC-IOUl
"SOURCE OP PaUTCHLORWAIH) BIFHOm. COTEMGRATIOR IH TBS MARBIE EWV3ROKMERT", Holden,
A. V.f nature. Vol. 22B, Ho. 5277, Sscentoer 19, 1970, pp 1220-1221.
High concentrations of polychlorlnated blphenyla have been detected In the Firth
of Clyde (Scotland). Samples of the water surface film and sub-surface water vere
taXen at various points in the estuary, and also at 2-mile Intervals along the river
to the centre of Glasgow, to detect any local discharges containing PCBs. No PCB
residues could be found (limit of detection In water, 1 part in 1CH-1) and samples of
effluents discharged free trunk severs Into the estuary and In the Glasgav area also
showed no significant concentrations of PCBs. Concentrations In zooplankton by
comparison vere less than 0.03 p.p.m. and in clupeold fish up to 2.6 p.p.m. (both
expressed or. a vet weight basis). Samples of crude sevage sludge from such sewage
plant: In Glasgow and adjacent areas vere analysed for PCBs. It seems possible that
the PCBs In the Clyde ecosysi-en result from routine dumping of crude sewage sludge
from treatment works in Clnsfcv and adjacent areas. If there Is an average of 2 p.p.m.
dumped at a rate of 0.5 million tons of sludge per year, about 1 ton of PCB Isomers
per year would be dlscliorged.
INDEDC TERMS: Industrial wastes, Sludge, Domestic wastes. Detergents, Chlorine,
Gas cnron»tography, Dieldrln, Pesticide residues, Zooplanktcn, Herrings, path
of pollutants, Polychlorlnated blphenyls. Gas-liquid chromatography, DDE,
Organochlorlne, Scotland.
AMIC-1050
"A RAPID METHOD FOR THE TOTECTICH ABD D21ERHDIATIGN OF CAPTAW", Vlevesvarlah, K.,
Jayarara, H., Hsjuoder, S. K., Analytlca Chlmlca Acta, Vol. 52, No. 3, December
1970, pp 559-561.
The reaction of Captan with monoethanolaraine In the presence of Insecticides
auch as Aldrin, DDT, BHC, Malathlon can be used for quantitative Identification.
Captan when hydrolysed vith monoethanolaaine for 1 mln in a boiling water bath,
turns Immediately blue, vhich gradually becomes yellow on further heating;
concentrations of Captan above 100 microcrams under Identical conditions first turn
pale-yellow and then orange red on prolonged heating. The chlorinated insecticides
like BHC, DDT, Llndane, Aldrin, Dleldrin and Endrln did not produce the blue
color, hence the reaction can also be used to distinguish Captan frorc the other
chlorinated Insecticides. Captan was determined In different formulations
consisting of starch and Captanf by means of a calibration curve, and it was
established that the precision of the method wus + 2.5^6. Captan In amounts above
100 raicrograms produced different colors dependlnc on the quantity, when
hydroiysed with raonocthanolomine for 10 oln; a yellow color was observed with
0.1-2.0 mg, an orange color with 2-1* rat;, a red color vlth U-5 me and a blood-red
color vith 5-0 me. Accordingly, an approximate estimate of Cuptan concentration
can be made In this range.
INDEX TERhC: Fungicides, Analytical techniques, pollutant Identification, Aldrin,
DDT, Dieldrln, Hydrolysis, Captan, Lindane, BHC, Malathlon.
i
M
X
w
AMIC-10U3
"PROBLEMS I» WATER ANALYSIS FOR FESTICHE RESIDUES", Bevenue, A,, Kelley, T. rf.,
J. V.t Journal of ChroaatGcraphy, Vol. 5*1, Ho. 1, January 6, 1971, PP 71-76.
When vater samples are analyzed for pesticide residues by unmns of gas
chromatography, some samples vlll contain non-pesticide chemicals that possess
analytical chnructerlstlcc similar to some pesticides. False data also may be
acquired frcra extraneous sources in the analytical laboratory. This report reviews
some of these problems. Sources of contaminants that may Interfere with analysis In
the parts per billion range Include organic solvents, glassware, plastic ware,
cellulose extractlor. thiables, filter paper, and silica gels. Prior to their use,
heat treatcent of the glassware and silica gels is reconnended to eliminate
contaninants. plastic ware and filter paper should not be Included in the analytical
procedure.
INDEX TERMS: Gas chromatocraphy. Pesticide residues, pollutant Identification,
Kep'-achlcr, Aldrin, DDT, Silica, Gels, Organic matter, Solvents, Plastics,
Cellulose, Thin-layer chromatography, DDE, ODD, Heptachlor epoxlde. Glass,
interference.
AMIC-1056
"TOXIC CHEMICALS—THE RISK TO FISH", Mawdesley-Thomas, L. E., Hew Scientist,
Vol. ^9, Ho. 731*, January lU, ,1971, PP 7^-75-
Tests recommended by both U. S. and British authorities for determining
the toxlclty to fl&h of pesticides are reviewed end their Inadequacies discussed.
Suggestions are made for long-term studies that would provide.- more viable
Information. The approximate toxlclties of pesticides most coononly used In
Britain arc presented.
INDEX TERMS: Toxiclty, pesticides, Fish, Aldrin, DDT, Dieldrln, Endrln, 2,1*-D,
Heptachlor,s Phenolic pesticides, Sulfur, Aminotrlazole, Dalapor, Water
pollution effects. Rainbow trout. Channel catfish, Sunfish, Salmon, Goldfish,
Harlequin.
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APPENDIX C
"REVIEWS" DISTRIBUTION LIST
Analytical Quality Control Laboratory
J. B. Anderson
D. G. Balllnger
E. L. Barnett
T. A. Bellar
R. L. Booth
R. H. Bordner
W. L. Budde
H. A. Clements
R. C. Dressman
J. W. Eichelberger
M. E. Gales
L. E. Harris
C. F. Henke
E. C. Julian
F. K. Kawahara
J. F. Kopp
R. C. Kroner
R. P. Lauch
P. A. Lewis
J. J. Lichteriberg
L. B. Lobring
J. E. Longbottom
B. H. McFarland
H. L. Manning
T. D. Martin
W. T. Mason
A. F. Mentink
R. J. O'Herron
G. F. Sines
J, M. Teuschler
R. Thomas
C. I. Weber (2 cc)
J. A. Winter
Other EPA Facilities
Director
Alaska Water Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
College, Alaska 99701
Mrs. Ann Alford
Southeast Water Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30601
Dr. J. F. Allen
Acting Director
Ecological Effects Branch
Division of Processes and Effects
Office of Research
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20U60
Mr. Robert L. Allen
Chief, Laboratory Services
Office of Solid Waste Management
Programs
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio 1*5268
Dr. Paul Altschuler, Director
National Environmental Research
Center
Division of Chemistry and Physics
Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Pk., N. C. 27711
George Anderson, Chief
Technical Biology Laboratory
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Pk., N. C. 277H
105
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Max Anderson
Indiana Field Office
Environmental Protection Agency
111 East Diamond Expressway
Evansville, Indiana U7711
Robert Andrew
National Water Quality Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
6201 Congdon Boulevard
Duluth, Minnesota 558oU
John Arthur
National Water Quality Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
6201 Congdon Boulevard
Duluth, Minnesota 5580^
Dr. Barry Austern
Physical and Chemical Treatment
Robert A. Taft Water Research Division
National Environmental Research Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio ^5268
Ralph Austin
Robert S, Kerr Water Research Center
Environmental Protection Agency
P. 0. Box 1198
Ada, Oklahoma 7^820
Dr. Leo Azarraga
Southeast Water Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30601
Dr. George Bailey
Southeast Water Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30601
Donna Lee Barnett
Support Services Branch
Environmental Protection Agency
5555 Ridge Avenue
Cincinnati, Ohio ^5213
Dr. A. F. Bartsch, Director
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
200 South 35th Street
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
Mr. James B. Basilico
Division of Process Research and
Development
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 202U2
Dr. Donald Baumgartner, Director
National Coastal Pollution
Research Program
Environmental Protection Agency
200 South 35th Street
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
Dr. Daniel F. Bender
Solid Waste Research Laboratory
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio 1^268
Mr. Robert G. Benefield,
AQC Coordinator
Robert S. Kerr Water Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Region VT
P. O. Box 1198
Ada, Oklahoma 7U820
Dr. Gerald Berg
Chief, Virology Section
Robert A. Taft Water Research
Division
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio ^5268
Mr. Neil Berg
Applied Technology
Division of Air Pollution
Environmental Protection Agency
Mutual Plaza Building
Durham, North Carolina 27711
106
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Mr. Harold Bernard, Director
Oil Spill Research Program
Office of Research
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 2021*2
Dr. Gerald R. Bouck, Director
Western Fish Toxicology Laboratory
National Environmental Research Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
JJr. Andrew W. Breideribach, Director
National Environmental Research Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio 1*5268
Francis T. Brezenski, AQC Coordinator
Edison Water Quality Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
Region II
Edison, New Jersey 0881?
Mrs. Dottle Brofft, Librarian
Robert A. Taft Water Research Division
National Environmental Research Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio 1*5268
Dr. Harold G. Brown, AQC Coordinator
Environmental Protection Agency
Region VII
911 Walnut Street, Room 702
Kansas City, Missouri 61*106
Stephen Bugbee
Environmental Protection Agency
7300 Rochester Road
P.O. Box 1*693
Kansas City, Missouri 61*120
Dr. Robert Bunch, Chief
Biological Treatment Research Program
Robert A. Taft Water Research Division
National Environmental Research Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio 1*5268
William A. Cawley
Division of Program Management
Office of Research and Monitoring
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20U60
Cecil Chambers
Robert A. Taft Water Research
Division
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio 1*5268
Edward H. Cohen, Physical Scientist
Surveillance and Analysis Branch
Environmental Protection Agency
Region III
6th and Walnut Streets
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19106
Mr. Israel R. Cohen
Solid Waste Research Laboratory
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio 1*5268
Mr. W. Emile Coleman
Solid Waste Research Laboratory
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio 1*5268
John J. Convery, Director
Advanced Waste Treatment Lab.
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio 1*5268
Mr. Robert E. Crowe
Assistant for Technology Transfer
Office of Research and Monitoring
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 2Ql*6o
107
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Miss E. Elaine Culver
Information Specialist
National Environmental Research
Center
Division of Health Effects Research
Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Pk., N. C. 27711
Dr. Robert Dean
Robert A. Taft Water Research
Division
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio 14-5268
Waldermar D. De Ben
National Coastal Pollution Research
Program
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
200 South 35th Street
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
Richard Dewling, Director
Surveillance and Analysis Div.
Environmental Protection Agency
Region II
Edison, New Jersey 08117
Richard A. Dobbs
Research Chemistry
Environmental Protection Agency
^676 Columbia Parkway
Cincinnati, Ohio 1*5226
William Donaldson
Southeast Water Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30601
Mrs. Geneva Douglas
Information Officer
Western Environmental Research
Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 15027
Las Vegas, Nevada 8911U
J. Dovel, Chief
Information Centers Branch
Division of Research Information
Office of Research and Monitoring
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 201*60
Dr. William Duffer
Robert S. Kerr Water Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 1198
Ada, Oklahoma 7^20
Les Dunn -
Western Environmental Research
Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 15027
Las Vegas, Nevada 89111*
Dr. David Duttweiler, Director
Southeast Water Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
College Sta+ion Road
Athens, Georgia 30601
David G. Easterly
Eastern Environmental Radiation
Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 6l
Montgomery, Alabama 36101
Dr. John Eaton
National Water Quality Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
6201 Congdon Boulevard
Duluth, Minnesota 5580**
Mr. Ronald M. Eddy
Surveillance and Analysis Div.
Environmental Protection Agency
Region VIII
i860 Lincoln Street, Suite 900
Denver, Colorado 80203
Charles T. Elly
Lake Huron Basin Office
Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 217
Grosse He, Michigan 1*8138
108
-------
Mr. John Fairall
Radiocheraical and Industrial Waste
Survey
Office of Water Programs
Environmental Protection Agency
5555 Ridge Avenue
Cincinnati, Ohio U5213
John Ferguson, Director
Wheeling Field Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
303 Methodist Building
Wheeling, West Virginia 26003
James Finger, AQC Coordinator
Southeast Water Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
Region IV
College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30601
Jack Finklea, Director
National Environmental Research
Center
Division of Health Effects Research
Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park
Raleigh, North Carolina 27711
Dr. Alphonse Forziati, Chief
Measurements and Instrumentation
Branch
Division of Processes and Effects
Environmental Protection Agency
1901 Fort Myer Drive
Arlington, Virginia 22209
Morton Friedman, Librarian
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio 1+5268
Frederick Fuller
Lake Michigan Basin Office
Environmental Protection Agency
1819 West Pershing Road
Chicago, Illinois 60609
Mr. Arnold R. Gahler, AQC
Coordinator
Environmental Protection Agency
Region X
1200 Sixth Avenue
Seattle, Washington 98101
Thomas Gallagher, Director
National Field Investigations
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Denver Federal Center
Building 22, Room iU5
Denver, Colorado 80225
Rose Ann Gamache, Librarian
National Marine Water Quality
Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 277
West Kingston, Rhode Island 02892
Dr. Marvin Gardels
Northvest Water Supply Lab.
Environmental Protection Agency
6702 Tyee Drive
Gig Harbor, Washington 98335
Mr. Luther Garrett
Director
Research Information Division
Office of Research and Monitoring
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 2Ok6o
Dr. Arthur W. Garrison
Southeast Water Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30601
Dr. Ronald Garton
Western Fish Toxicology Lab.
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
200 South 35th Street
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
109
-------
Edwin E. Geldreich
Water Supply Program Division
Office of Water Programs
Environmental Protection Agency
'4.676 Columbia Parkway
Cincinnati, Ohio
Gilbert Gigliotti
Information Officer
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio ^5268
Dr. Gary Glass
National Water Quality Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
6201 Congdon Boulevard
Duluth, Minnesota 5500k
Willis Greenstreet
Management Analyst Specialist
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio 1*5268
Mr. Roger B. Griffith
Aquatic Biologist
Charlottesville Field Office
Environmental Protection Agency
Region III
llto River Road
Charlottesville, Virginia 22901
Mr. Michael Gruenfeld
Edison Water Research Division
Environmental Protection Agency
NERC Building 209
Edison, New Jersey 088l?
Mr. Ernst P. Hall
Division of Applied Science and
Technology
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 202^2
Mr. Frank E. Hall
Office of Enforcement
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 2021*2
Ms. Peggy Hall
Data Systems Branch
Office of Administration
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 201*60
Robert H. Hall
Quality Control Officer
Lake Michigan Basin Office
Environmental Protection Agency
1819 W. Pershing Road
Chicago, Illinois 60609
Gerald M. Hansler, Director
Surveillance and Analysis Div.
Environmental Protection Agency
Region II
Room 8*4-7
26 Federal Plaza
New York, New York 10007
Dr. Ralph Harkins
Robert S. Kerr Water Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 1198
Ada, Oklahoma 7U820
Dr. Curtis C. Harlin
Robert S. Kerr Water Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 1198
Ada, Oklahoma 7^20
Dr. Stan Hegre
National Marine Water Quality
Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 277
West Kingston, Rhode Island 02892
Marlin D. Helming
Missouri Basin Regional Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
7300 Rochester
Kansas City, Missouri 61*120
John R. Helvig
Upper Mississippi River
Environmental Protection Agency
71*01 Lyndale Avenue, S.
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55^23
110
-------
Dr. Donald A. Hilden
Ecological Effects Branch
Division of Processes and Effects
Office of Research and Monitoring
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20U60
C. R. Hirth
National Field Investigations
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
5555 Ridge Avenue
Cincinnati, Ohio 1+5213
William Hodgkiss
National Marine Water Quality
Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 277
West Kingston, Rhode Island 02892
Ms. Bernadine Hoduski, Librarian
Environmental Protection Agency
Region VII
1738 Baltimore
Kansas City, Missouri 6kldQ
Donald Holmes, Director
Advanced Techniques Division
Office of Research and Monitoring
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20U60
Dr. Kenneth Hood
Division of Processes and Effects
Office of Research and Monitoring
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, DaC. 20^60
Dr. Tom Hoover
Southeast Water Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30601
Robert Horn
Division of Technical Support
Office of Water Programs
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20*4-60
William B. Horning, Director
Fish Toxicology Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
3*H1 Church Street
Newtovn, Ohio
Dr. Robert Horton
Medical Adviser to the Director
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Pk., N. C. 27711
John Hyland
Radiochemical and Industrial
Waste Survey
Office of Water Programs
Environmental Protection Agency
5555 Ridge Avenue
Cincinnati, Ohio 1+5213
Mr. Lee Ischinger
Radiochemical and Industrial Waste
Survey
Office of Water Programs
Environmental Protection Agency
5555 Ridge Avenue
Cincinnati, Ohio 1+5213
Dr. Herbert Jackson
National Training Center
Environmental Protection Agency
^1676 Columbia Parkvay
Cincinnati, Ohio 1+5226
Eugene James, Chief
Advanced Techniques Branch
Monitoring Techniques Division
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20^60
Richard Jaquish, Chief
Technical Services Program
Western Environmental Research
Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 15027
Las Vegas, Nevada 8911^
111
-------
Dr. Norbert Jaworski, Director
Pacific Northwest Water Research
Laboratory
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
200 South 35th Street
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
Mr. Harold Jeter, Director
National Training Center
Environmental Protection Agency
U6?6 Columbia Parkway
Cincinnati, Ohio ^5226
William Johnson
Environmental Protection Agency
620 Central Avenue, Building 2G
Alameda, California 9^501
Charles Jones, Jr., AQC Coordinator
Environmental Protection Agency
Region III
Custom House, Room
Second and Chestnut Streets
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19106
Mr. Arnold Joseph, Director
Transport Branch
Division of Processes and Effects
Office of Research
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20U60
Dr. Bernd Kahn, Director
National Environmental Research
Center
Radiochemistry and Nuclear
Engineering Research Division
Environmental Protection Agency
University of Cincinnati, Room 21-B
Cincinnati, Ohio U5221
Lloyd Kahn
Hudson-Delaware Basins Office
Northeast Region
Environmental Protection Agency
Edison, New Jersey 0881?
Ernest Karvelis
National Field Investigations
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
5555 Ridge Avenue
Cincinnati, Ohio U5213
Mr. Albert Katko
California/Nevada Basins Sub-Reg.
Environmental Protection Agency
Building 2-G
620 Central Avenue
Alameda, California 9U501
Miss Pat Kerr
Southeast Water Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30601
Lowell E. Keup
Division of Technical Support
Office of Water Programs
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20U60
Conrad Klevano
Environmental Protection Agency
33 East Congress Parkway, Room
Chicago, Illinois 60605
Thaddeus C. Kmieciak
Pacific Northwest Water Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
200 South 35th Street
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
John Koutsandreas
Techniques Branch
Division of Monitoring Techniques
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20^60
Daniel F. Krawczyk, AQC
Coordinator
Pacific Northwest Water Laboratory
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
200 South 35th Street
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
112
-------
Mr. James Labuy
Environmental Protection Agency
11^0 River Road
Charlottesville, Virginia 22901
Mr. William J. Lacy
Division of Applied Science and
Technology
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 202^2
Dr. Ellis LaRoche
National Marine Water Quality
Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 277
West Kingston, Rhode Island 02892
Dr. Ray Lassiter
Southeast Water Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30601
Dr. Donald Lear
Chesapeake Field Station
Environmental Protection Agency
Annapolis, Maryland 21^01
Dr. Peter Lederman, Director
Edison Water Quality Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
Edison, New Jersey 08817
Dr. Robert E. Lee, Chief
Source Sample and Fuels Analytical
Branch
National Environmental Research
Center
Division of Atmospheric Surveillance
Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, N. C. 277H
Mrs. Richard Lewis, Librarian
National Water Quality laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
6201 Congdon Boulevard
Duluth, Minnesota
Dr. Gory J. Love
Assistant Director for Technical
Assistance
National Environmental Research
Center
Division of Health Effects Research
Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park
Raleigh, North Carolina 277H
Kenneth M. Mackenthun
Acting Director
Division of Technical Support
Office of Water Programs
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20U60
Thomas Maloney, Director
National Eutrophication Research
Program
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
200 South 35th Street
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
Mr. Robert S. Mandancy
Division of Process Research and
Development
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 202U2
John E. Matthews
Manpower Development Branch
Air and Water Programs Division
Environmental Protection Agency
Ada, Oklahoma 7^20
Donald B. Mausshardt, AQC
Coordinator
Environmental Protection Agency
Region IX
Phelan Building
760 Market Street
San Francisco, California 9^102
Dr. John McGuire
Southeast Water Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30601
113
-------
Dr. Ted Meiggs
Chief, Chemistry Laboratory
National Field Investigations Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Denver Federal Center, Building 22
Denver, Colorado 80225
Frank M. Middleton, Deputy Director
National Environmental Research Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio 14-5268
Mr. Walter S. Miguez, Staff Chemist
Division of Oil and Hazardous Materials
Office of Water Programs
Environmental Protection Agency
Crystal Mall #2, Room 512
Washington, D.C. 20U60
Dr. Allen Moghisse, Chief
Methods Section
Western Environmental Research
Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 10527
Las Vegas, Nevada 8911U
George Morgan, Director
Quality Assurance Division
Office of Research and Monitoring
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20^60
Dr. Donald I. Mount, Director
National Water Quality Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
6201 Congdon Boulevard
Duluth, Minnesota 5580U
Ernest W. Mueller
Alaska Water Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
Fairbanks, Alaska 99701
Dr. Michael Mullin, Research Chemist
Office of Research and Monitoring
Environmental Protection Agency
9311 Groh Road
Grosse He, Michigan 14-8138
Dr. Thomas Murphy, Chief
Resource Management Branch
Division of Program Management
Office of Research and Monitoring
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20U60
Mrs. Jean Myers, Librarian
Air Pollution Technical Information
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park
Raleigh, North Carolina 27711
Dr. Royal Nadeau
Oil Spill Research Section
Edison Water Quality Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
Edison, New Jersey 08817
Dr. Alan Nebeker
Western Fish Toxicology Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
200 South 35th Street
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
Max Neocker
Indiana Field Office
Environmental Protection Agency
111 East Diamond Expressway
Evansville, Indiana U77U
Dr. Page Nicholson
Southeast Water Research Lab.
Environmental Protection Agency
College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30601
Mr. Ed Nime
Director, Computer Services
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio U5268
Mrs. Ester Norton
Librarian
Environmental Protection Agency
5555 Ridge Avenue
Cincinnati, Ohio 1*5213
-------
Buell O1 Conner
Southeast Water Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30601
Andy O'Keefe, Chief
Air Quality Measurement Methods
Branch
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, N. C. 27711
Warren H. Oldaker, AQC Cordinator
Environmental Protection Agency
Region I
John F. Kennedy Building, Room 2303
Boston, Massachusetts 02203
L. A. Parker
Wheeling Field Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
303 Methodish Building
Wheeling, West Virginia 26003
Leys Parrish
Surveillance and Analysis Division
Environmental Protection Agency
Region VIII
i860 Lincoln Street
Denver, Colorado 80203
Dr. Mirdza L. Peterson
Solid Waste Research Laboratory
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio U5268
Dr. Donald Phelps
National Marine Water Quality
Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 277
West Kingston, Rhode Island 02892
Dr. Quentin H. Pickering
Newtown Fish Toxicology Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
3U11 Church Street
Newtown, Ohio U52U1*
Mr. Michael V. Polito
Office of Research and Monitoring
Environmental Protection Agency
9311 Groh Road
Grosse lie, Michigan U8138
Dr. Charles Powers
National Eutrophication Research
Program
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
200 South 35th Street
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
Dr. Jan Prager
National Marine Water Quality
Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
P. 0. Box 277
West Kingston, Rhode Island 02892
Ron Preston
Wheeling Field Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
303 Methodist Building
Wheeling, West Virginia 26003
Frank H. Rainwater, Director
National Thermal Pollution Research
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
200 South 35th Street
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
Dr. Ronald Raschke
Southeast Water Research Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30601
Research and Monitoring Office
Environmental Protection Agency
Region X
1200 Sixth Avenue
Seattle, Washington 98101
Louis Resi
National Field Investigations
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
5555 Ridge Avwnue
Cincinnati, Ohio U5213
115
-------
Dr. Steven Reznek
Measurements and Instrumentation Br.
Division of Processes and Effects
Office of Research
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20U60
Dr. Aaron Rosen
National Field Investigations
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
5555 Ridge Avenue
Cincinnati, Ohio U5213
Curtis Ross
Lake Erie Field Office
Environmental Protection Agency
21929 Lorain Road
Cleveland, Ohio ^Ul26
Donald Rubel, Chief
Remote Sensing Program
Western Environmental Research
Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 15027
Las Vegas, Nevada 8911U
Dora Rusk, Librarian
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio U5268
Melvin W. Ruszaj
Lake Ontario Field Office
Environmental Protection Agency
U66U Lake Avenue
P.O. Box U7U8
Rochester, New York 1U612
Dr. Robert Safferman
Robert A. Taft Water Research Div.
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio ^5268
Dr. Walter Sanders
Southeast Water Research Lab.
Environmental Protection Agency
College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30601
LeRoy E. Scarce, AQC Coordinator
Illinois District Office
Environmental Protection Agency
Region V
1819 W. Pershing Road
Chicago, Illinois 60609
Robert Schneider
National Field Investigations
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Room Ul5, Building 22
Denver Federal Center
Denver, Colorado 80225
John Scotton
Monitoring Analysis Division
Office of Research and Monitoring
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20U60
Dr. Douglas Seba
Division of Field Investigations
Office of Enforcement
Environmental Protection Agency
Denver Federal Center, Bldg. 53
P.O. Box 25227
Denver, Colorado 80225
Angell D. Sidio, Director
National Field Investigations
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
5555 Ridge Avenue
Cincinnati, Ohio ^5213
Dr. William Spoor
National Water Quality Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
6201 Congdon Boulevard
Duluth, Minnesota 558oU
116
-------
William J. Stang, Microbiologist
Division of Field Investigations
Office of Enforcement
Environmental Protection Agency
Denver Federal Center, Bldg. 53
P.O. Box 25227
Denver, Colorado 80225
Mr. Thomas Stanley, Chief
Quality Control Branch
Division of Quality Assurance
Office of Monitoring
Environmental Protection Agency
1750 Pennsylvania Ave., Suite 212
Washington, D.C. 20U60
Robert Steriburg
Robert A. Taft Water Research
Division
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio U5268
Charles Stephan
Newtown Fish Toxicology Lab.
Environmental Protection Agency
3^11 Church Street
Newtown, Ohio ^52^4-
Dr. David Stephan, Director
Program Management Division
Office of Research and Monitoring
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20U60
Harry Stierli, Chief
Support Branch
Solid Waste Research Division
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio U5268
Director
Surveillance and Analysis Division
Environmental Protection Agency
1200 Sixth Avenue
Seattle, Washington 98101
Director
Surveillance and Analysis Division
Environmental Protection Agency
John F. Kennedy Federal Bldg.
Room 2303
Boston, Massachusetts 02203
Director
Surveillance and Analysis Division
Environmental Protection Agency
6th and Walnut Streets
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19106
Director
Surveillance and Analysis Division
Environmental Protection Agency
Suite 300
1U21 Peachtree Street, N.E.
Atlanta, Georgia 30309
Director
Surveillance and Analysis Division
Environmental Protection Agency
One North Wacker Drive
Chicago, Illinois 60606
Director
Surveillance and Analysis Division
Environmental Protection Agency
UlU Commerce Street
Dallas, Texas 75202
Director
Surveillance and Analysis Division
Environmental Protection Agency
911 Walnut Street, Room 702
Kansas City, Missouri 6U106
Director
Surveillance and Analysis Division
Environmental Protection Agency
Lincoln Tower Building, Suite 900
i860 Lincoln Street
Denver, Colorado 80203
Director
Surveillance and Analysis Division
Environmental Protection Agency
100 California Street
San Francisco, California
117
-------
Dr. Louis G. Swaby
Measurements and Instrumentation Br.
Division of Processes and Effects
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20U60
Mr. A. F. Tabri
National Field Investigations
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
5555 Ridge Avenue
Cincinnati, Ohio U5213
Dr. Clarence M. Tarzwell
National Marine Water Quality
Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 277
West Kingston, Rhode Island 02892
Mr. Charles Taylor
Southeast Water Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30601
Edward L. Taylor
New England Basin Office
Environmental Protection Agency
Needham Heights, Massachusetts 0219^
Raymond H. Taylor, Microbiologist
Bureau of Water Hygiene
Environmental. Protection Agency
^676 Columbia Parkway
Cincinnati, Ohio 1*5226
Lee B. Tebo
Southeast Water Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30601
Nelson Thomas
Grosse lie Field Station
Environmental Protection Agency
9311 Groh Road
Grosse He, Michigan U8138
Sara Thomas, Director
Library Systems Division
Office of Administration
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20U60
Dr. Hugh Thompson
Division of Technical Support
Office of Oil and Hazardous
Materials
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20^60
John R. Tilstra, AQC Coordinator
Environmental Protection Agency
Region VII '
Lincoln Tower Building, Suite 900
i860 Lincoln Street
Denver, Colorado 80203
Dr. Milton Tunzi
Environmental Protection Agency
Building 2-G
620 Central Avenue
Alameda, California 9^501
Miss Nancy S. Ulmer
Solid Waste Research Laboratory
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio U5268
Sid Verner, Chief
Standard Methods Branch
Division of Quality Assurance
Office of Monitoring
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20U60
Orterio Villa
Chesapeake Field Station
Environmental Protection Agency
Annapolis, Maryland 21*4-01
Jack Wagman, Chief
Source Emissions Measurement Methods
Branch
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Pkf, N. C. 277H
118
-------
BI chard Wagner
Environmental Protection Agency
Region X
1200 Sixth Avenue
Seattle, Washington 98101
Carl Walter
Chief, Technical Support Branch
Environmental Protection Agency
Region VII
1735 Baltimore, Room 2*4-9
Kansas City, Missouri 6U108
Mr. Dick Warner
National Field Investigations
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Denver Federal Center
Building 22, Room ^15
Denver, Colorado 80225
Mr. T. A. Wastler, Chief
Water Quality Protection Branch
Division of Applied Technology
Office of Water Programs
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20U60
Dr. Ron Webb
Southeast Water Laboratory
Environmental Protection Agency
College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30601
Robert T. Williams
Robert A. Taft Water Research
Division
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio U5268
Mr. Benton Wilmoth
Environmental Protection Agency
303 Methodist Building
Wheeling, West Virginia 26003
Mr. Donald L. Wilson
Solid Waste Research Laboratory
National Environmental Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio ^5268
George Wirth
Division of Technical Support
Office of Water Programs
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20U60
David Wood
Environmental Protection Agency
100 California Street
San Francisco, California 9^111
Marvin L. Wood, Dep. Director
Robert S. Kerr Water Research
Center
Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 1198
Ada, Oklahoma 7^20
Thomas E. Yeates
Indiana Field Office
Environmental Protection Agency
Till East Diamond Expressway
Evansville, Indiana U7711
119
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Facilities Outside of EPA
Dr. Robert G. Andersen
Biological Department
University of Missouri-Kansas City
Kansas City, Missouri 6U110
Mr. Raymond Jensen, Director
Water Resources Scientific
Information Center
Office of Water Resources Research
U.S. Department of the Interior
Washington, D.C. 202UO
Mr. Homer T. Kemp
Environmental Information Systems
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
P.O. Box X
Oak Ridge, Tennessee 3T8U-0
National Technical Information
Service
Chief, Input Section
U.S. Department of Commerce
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, Virginia 22151 (20 cc)
Dr. T. R. Rice, Acting Director
Mid-Atlantic Coastal Fisheries
Research Center
National Marine Fisheries Service
Beauford, North Carolina 28516
Mr. James Rosencrance
Chief Chemist
Bureau of Industrial Hygiene Lab.
Division of Sanitary Engineering
151 nth Avenue
S. Charleston, W. Virginia 25303
Dr. Ken Shumate
Water Resources Center
Ohio State University
1791 Neil Avenue
Columbus, Ohio ^3210
Homer F. Tabor
Asst. Chief, Hydraulics Branch
Department of the Army
Huntington District, Corps of
Engineers
P.O. Box 212?
Huntington, West Virginia 25721
Dr. Gerald Ulrikson, Director
Environmental Information Systems
Atomic Energy Commission
P.O. Box X
Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830
J. B. VanCronkhite
Editor-in-Chief
Journal of Quality Technology
l6l West Wisconsin Avenue
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53203
120
-------
USER GUIDE
AUTOMATED SEARCHING
of the
AMIC DATA BASE
Utilizing jjjj
BASIS-70 §
M
«
February, 1972
O
a
8
BATTELLE
Columbus Laboratories
505 King Avenue
Columbus, Ohio 43201
-------
ro
SECTION
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
XIII
XIV
XV
XVI
XVII
XVIII
XIX
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Revised June 1, 1972)
TITLE
Introduction
Terminal Equipment
Logging In
Requesting the AMIC Data Base
Short Form Login
Query Build-Up
Logical Boolean Combinations
Display of Citations and Abstracts
Off-Line Print Option
Character and Line Delete
Restart Option
List All Option
Nearby Term Option
Stem Term Option
Display Interrupt (User Abort)
Quit and Logout
Short Form Logout
Sample Query
Title Word (TW) Search
-------
USER GUIDE
AUTOMATED SEARCHING
of the
AMIC DATA BASE
Utilizing BASIS-70
February, 1972
I. INTRODUCTION
to
The Analytical Methodology Information
Center (AMIC) is being developed and
operated, under EPA Contract. No. 68-01-0166,
to provide information support to the Analyti-
cal Quality Control Laboratory (AQCL) and
other segments of the National Analytical
Methods Development Research Program (NAMDRP).
The AMIC data base is a relatively
small, but highly select, body of documenta-
tion limited to known user requirements
and to literature processed during active
contractual periods. Any user within EPA
who needs more exhaustive coverage of the
literature or other assistance, should con-
tact the Center directly at:
Area Code 614, 299-3151,
Extension 3264 or 2071
In order that this specialized data
base may be made available to interested
members of the NAMDRP, an interactive computer
system called BASIS-70 (Battelle Automated
Search Information System) has been employed. Authoriza-
tion for searching the AMIC data base is controlled by
the Project Officer:
Dr. Cornelius I. Weber
Chief, Biological Methods
Analytical Quality Control Laboratory
National Environmental Research Center
Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
Telephone: Area Code 513, 684-2913
This booklet is intended as a brief instruction
for AMIC users. If you desire further information or
assistance, please feel free to contact one of the
following persons at the Center:
Robert L. Little or Ralph L.
Battelle
Columbus Laboratories
505 King Avenue
Columbus, Ohio 43201
Darby
-------
Area Code 614, 299-3151
Extension 3264 or 2071
Following are brief instructions which
describe the use of BASIS-70 for making
searches of the AMIC information base. The
instructions are arranged in two columns.
In the left-hand column are instructions and
explanations. In the right-hand column are
examples of either computer output or user
commands. All sample inputs and commands by
the user are underlined. It is hoped that
this arrangement will assist the user in com-
paring the computer read-outs with the
instructions.
A sample query (see Section XVII) is
attached for reference which-is a replica of
an actual search of the AMIC information
file. The user can. reproduce the search se-
quence shown in the sample query, step-by-
step, if he so desires. However, it should
be emphasized that, by following the routines
illustrated in this guide, the user may con-
struct his own search profile.
To meet user requirements, AMIC abstracts
have been prepared to be as informative as
possible. Thus, they are lengthy. Further,
the indexing used for each abstract is much
more detailed than found in any comparable
data bases.
printouts be used for such lengthy searches. By April,
1972, it is anticpated that three speeds will be avail-
able; 10, 14.8, and 30 characters per second. This
will greatly enhance the power of the system and permit
lengthier searches of the AMIC data base.
II. TERMINAL EQUIPMENT
At present, any TTY (Teletype) compatible terminal
can be used to access AMIC. Instructions for a
particular terminal can be supplied on request.
AMIC has elected to use, for the present, the
Hazeltine 2000'which consists of a CRT, a printer, and
an acoustic coupler. This user guide is based upon
the Hazeltine 2000.
There are three power switches to be turned on;
one each on the coupler, the CRT, and the printer. Once
equipment is on, dial the computer at Area Code 614,
299-3111. The computer answers with a data tone which
will activate the terminal when the telephone cradle is
placed on the data coupler. It is important that this
be done quickly so that the tone is not lost. Normally,
the switches on the coupler' should be set to ''acoustic"
and "half". If the green light on the coupler fails to
come on, try "Indue". As soon as contact is estab-
lished, acknowledgement will appear on the screen and
the system is ready for use.
Currently, most terrain al devices com-
patible with Battelle's CDC 6400 computer
are limited to 10 characters per second
(Teletype speed). Under these circumstances,
printouts from lengthy searches may appear
slow, and it is suggested that off-line
-------
III.
LOGGING IN
After telephone contact Has been es.tabJLish.ed with, the
computer, it will respond
The user then types
Note: The carriage return key must be pressed each time
the user completes an entry. Failure to press
the carriage return key mill cause the system to
stand idle.
Occasionally the system fails to interpret the
initial LOGIN, entry and will again print
The user must re-enter
The system will then request a valid USER NAME and
PASSWORD
Note: To insure the security of the files using BASIS,
both USER NAME and PASSWORD are unique to each
user and must be obtained through the AMIC.
Project Officer prior to operating the system.
If the codes submitted by the user are valid, the
system will acknowledge by printing
The user must request the Information Systems program
by typing
After a very short delay, the computer will signal
that BASIS is ready.
Revised A/3/72
BATTELLE INTERCOM 3.0
DATE mm/dd/yy
TIME hh.mm.ss
PLEASE LOGIN.
LOGIN. Carriage Return
Note: The underline denotes an action taken
by the user.
PLEASE LOGIN.
LORIN.
ENTER USER NAME - AAAAAAAAA
ENTER PASSWORD - 999999999
mm/dd/yy LOGGED IN AT hh.mm.ss.
WITH USER-ID KY
EQUIP/ PORT 60/65
COMMAND-
BASIS.
(PHASE I) B A S I S 70
is ON LINE:
DO YOU DESIRE OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS?
TYPE YES OR NO/NO
III. LOGGING IN
-------
III. LOGGING IN (Continued)
The system will then request your name.
Note: Each time the system terminates a message with a
slash, it is waiting for a user response. The
system will stand idle until the user makes the
required response.
Note: The instructions are available for
emergency use. They are rather lengthy
and will not normally be required by
the knowledgeable user.
PLEASE ENTER YOUR LAST NAME, /DARBY
'
III. LOGGING IN (Continued)
-------
to
—J
IV. REQUESTING THE AMIC DATA BASE
There are many different data bases in BASIS, each
identified by an acronym. The correct acronym must be
used. The system will ask which data base is desired.
The user should type AMIC after the slash.
Should the user enter an incorrect acronym, the
system would respond
A few seconds' delay will occur while the comouter
brings AMIC on-line. When AMIC is ready for use, the
system will send the following message:
AMIC is now on-line and the user may begin his
search.
ENTER THE NAME OF DATA BASE TO BE SEARCHED.
/ AMIC
IM SORRY. HE HAVE NO FILE NAMED XXXX.
PLEASE RE-ENTER
/ AMIC
AMIC DATA BASE SPONSORED BY EPA
UNDER CONTRACT 68-01-0166
TOTAL ITEMS- IN BASE xx xxx
LATEST UPDATE nm/dd/yy
ENTER YOUR SEARCH ONE TERM AT A TIME.
V
IV. REQUESTING THE AMIC DATA BASE
-------
V. SHORT FORM LOGIN
A much shorter LOGIN technique is available
for the knowledgeable user. He may combine his
commands so as to enter directly into AMIC in
two steps.
After telephone contact has been estab-
lished with the computer, it will respond...
At this point the user may combine his
LOGIN command, USER NAME, PASSWORD, plus two
other commands as shown.
Note: The SUP means to suppress all normal
LOGIN procedures. The N indicates you
do not want news on the computer status.
The computer will respond'
The user may then enter the combined form
After a few seconds the computer will
respond
There will be another brief pause and AMIC
will come on line.
The user may begin his search.
Revised 4/3/72
BATTELLE INTERCOM 3.1
DATE mm/dd/yy
TIME hh.mm.ss.
PLEASE LOGIN.
LOGIN. AAAAAAAAA, 999999999. SUP. N.
COMMAND
BASIS. NAME. AMIC.
(PHASE 1) BASIS 70 IS ON LINE!
AMIC DATA BASE SPONSORED BY EPA UNDER CONTRACT 18-01-0166
TOTAL ITEMS IN BASE xx.xxx
LATEST UPDATE mm/dd/yy
ENTER YOUR SEARCH ONE TERM AT A TIME.
I/
V. SHORT FORM LOGIN
-------
VI. QUERY BUILD-UP
The system is ready for the user's search.
Assume that the user desired information on
techniques for determining DDT by gas chroma tography.
He would enter his first term
The system would respond telling him the number of
items in AM 1C discussing DDT.
The second term would be entered
The user is also concerned about separation tech-
niques .
Note: Each term must be entered separately and each
valid term is assigned a unique line number. If
a given term produces no hits, the line number
is available for re-use.
Authors may be used as a search term by entering his
name preceded bv AU. Last name should Be entered first,
followed by first initial.
Facilities may also be used as search terms if
preceded by FAC
Should an entered search term. not be in the data
base, the system will respond
The user now has an option. If he types NO, the
system will call for another search term. If he types
YES, two adjacent terms before and after his term will be
displayed. See ADJACENT TERM OPTION.
ENTER YOUR SEARCH ONE TERM AT A TIME
M
M DDT
25 ITEMS
21 GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
39 ITEMS
3/ SEPARATION TECHNIOUES
27 ITEMS
4/ AU LA'-I, L.
5/ FAC ARIZONA UNIVERSITY
6/ ATMOSPHERE
NO SUCH TERM. WANT ADJACENT TERMS?
YES: NO/
VI. QUERY BUILD-UP
-------
VII.. LOGICAL (Boolean) COMBINATIONS
g
The identification of documents pertaining to the
desired index terms is accomplished through the use of
logical (Boolean) statements employing AND/OR logic. The
use of logical statements involves the combination of
line numbers which represent the desired terms with the
appropriate connectives (AND, OH). All logic statements
should be enclosed in parentheses.
Assume the previous- example of items on determina-
tion of DDT by gas'chromatography. The logic statement
would be
Or, a shorthand form may be used.
The system would then respond by stating the number
of documents indexed by both DDT and gas chromatography
The user might seek those items discussing separa-
tion techniques for DDT.
If he desired .items discussing all three terms, he
could enter
Note: A logical statement may be used as a search term
once it has been established.
The user might wish items on DDT that- discussed
either gas chromatography or separation techniques. The
logical statement* would read
6/ (1 AND 2)
or
6/ (1 A 2)
1_ ITEMS
11 (1 A 3)
8/ (1 A 2 A 3)
or
8/ (6 A 3)
or
8/ (7 A 2)
9/ (1 AND 2 OR 3)
or
9/ 0 A 2 0 3).
VII. LOGICAL (Boolean) COMBINATIONS
-------
VII. LOGICAL (Boolean) COMBINATIONS (Continued)
The logical combination may be so strict that no
items meet the search, parameters. The user will then
need to revise his logical statement.
If too many items are identified, the user may elect
to further restrict-,his search by entering a new term...
and including it in a previously structured logical
statement.
This process may be continued until the user is
'satisfied he has selected the best possible search
parameters.
Note: At any time in the search sequence, the user- may
elect to reconstruct his total search including
both the search terms and logical combinations.
This capability is provided by the LIST ALL option.
Other options such as ADJACENT TERMS and STEM
SEARCH are available to assist the user. See sub-
sequent sections of this user guide.
NO DOCUMENTS REMAIN AFTER THIS
LOGICAL COMBINATION
10/
10/ CHEMICAL INTERFERENCE
11/ (8 A 10)
VII. LOGICAL (Boolean) COMBINATIONS (Continued)
-------
VIII. DISPLAY OF CITATIONS AND ABSTRACTS
H
U>
rv>
At any stage during the query, the system allows
the user to retrieve the items associated with either a
single search term or a logical combination of search.
terms. This can be accomplished by means of a DISPLAY
command as shown to the right. The command says, in
effect, display all items in the data base that fulfill
the conditions set forth in line 9 of the search query.
When the DISPLAY command is entered for the first time
in any one search, th~e DATA ELEMENTS for AMIC are printed
on the screen.
The system requests the user to identify the DATA
ELEMENTS which are to be printed for each item.
The user can call for retrieval of any or all of
these, in any specified order, by entering the numbers
associated with the elements or ALL Csee CAUTION below) .
The system then proceeds to print the called-for
information.
12/ (DISPLAY 9)
THE DATA ELEMENTS FOR THE AMIC DATA BASE ARE
1 -ACCESSION NUMBER,
2-FACILITY,
3-TITLE,
4-AUTHOR(S),
5-BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA,
6- INDEX TERMS,
7-ABSTRACT.
WHAT FIELDS DO YOU WANT TO SEE?
ENTER FIELD NUMBERS SEPARATED BY COMMAS OR ALL
/ 1,4',2,3,5
ITEMS FROM THE AMIC DATA BASE ARE
ITEM 1
ACCESSION NUMBER : 627
AUTHOR(S) : BREIDENBACH, A. W. , LICHTENBER
fi. J. J., HENKE, C. F., SMITH, D. J., El
CHELBERGER, J. W. , JR., STIERLI, H.
FACILITY : FEDERAL WATER POLLUTION CONTRO
L ADMINISTRATION, WASHINGTON, D. C., DIV
ISION OF POLLUTION SURVEILLANCE
TITLE : THE IDENTIFICATION AND MEASUREMENT OF
CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON PESTICIDES IN SURF
VIII. DISPLAY OF CITATIONS AND ABSTRACTS
-------
VIII. DISPLAY OF CITATIONS AND ABSTRACTS (Continued)
H
oo
OJ
Note: In this display, the user elected not to call up
the abstracts in the initial display.
Note: If after examining the results he decides to read
the abstract, he may recall that item by
Accession Number as shown.
The user decides to redisplay the information for
Accession Number 1029.
The user requests display of the abstract (Element 7)
for Accession No. 1029.
The abstract will be displayed.
Caution: AMIC abstracts are written so as to be very
informative to the user. Hence, they are
quite lengthy. It is suggested that no more
than 20 citations and abstracts be printed on-
line. For more than 20 items, it is suggested
that the OFF-LINE PRINT capability be used.
ACE WATERS,
BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA : WP-22, NOVEMBER 1966
. 70 P. 38 FIG, 2 TAB, 71 REF.
ITEM 2
ACCESSION NUMBER : 1029
AUTHOR(S) : LAU, LEROY M., GOERLITZ, DONAL
D F.
FACILITY : U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY,, MENLO
PARK, HATER RESOURCES DIVISION
TITLE : MICROCOLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHIC CLEANUP FOR
THE ANALYSIS OF PESTICIDES INWATER,
BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOC
IATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS,
VOL. 53, NO. 6, P 1276-1286, NOVEMBER 19
70. 5 FIG, 6 TAB, 23 REF.
FINISHED WITH PRINTOUT. CONTINUE ENTERING
SEARCH TERMS.
12/ (DISPLAY (1029))
Note: The double parenthesis is necessary
whenever calling up a specific item by
Accession Number.
WHAT FIELDS DO YOU WANT TO SEE?
/ 7
ITEMS FROM THE AMIC DATA BASE ARE
ITEM 1
ABSTRACT : RAPID AND ECONOMICAL REMOVAL
OF EXTRANEOUS CO-EXTRACTIVES FROM PESTIC
IDE RESIDUE EXTRACTS OF HATER IS MADE PO
SSIBLE BY THE USE OF MICRO-CLEANUP COLUM
NS. THREE ABSORBENTS— ALUMINA, SILICA GE
L, AND FLORISIL— AS WELL AS A VARIETY OF
SOLVENT SYSTEMS WERE INVESTIGATED. THE
RECOVERY AND CLEANUP OF ALDRIN, CHLORDAN
VIII. DISPLAY OF CITATIONS AND ABSTRACTS (Continued)
-------
VIII. DISPLAY OF CITATIONS AND ABSTRACTS (Continued)
U>
For lengthy displays, the system will display 5 items.
It will then print...
If C is entered, the next 5 items will be displayed.
If NO is entered, the system will return to the regular
query format. An OFF-LINE PRINT may be requested, the
query may be, continued, or the user may elect to QUIT.
E, P,P' -ODD, P, P J-DDE,0,P'-DDT,P,P'
-DDT, DIELDRIN, ENDRIN, HEPTACHLOR, HEPT
ACHLOR EPOXIDE, HEXACHLORABICYCLOHEPTADI
ENE, HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE, ISODRIN,
LINDANE, AND METHOXYCHLOR HERE SATISFAC
TORY, USING ANY OF THE THREE ABSORBENTS.
THE PHOSPHOROTHIOATE PESTICIDES MALATHI
ON, METHYL PARATHION, AND PARATHION, HOW
VER, COULD NOT BE SUCCESSFULLY RECOVERED
FROM FLORISIL WHEN A MODIFIED MILLS PRO
CEDURE HAS ATTEMPTED. THE MICRO-CLEANUP
COLUMNS MAY ALSO BE USED TO PERFORM A PR
ELIMINARY SEPARATION OF A NUMBER OF COMP
OUNDS THAT ARE DIFFICULT TO RESOLVE BY 6
LC.
FINISHED WITH PRINTOUT. CONTINUE ENTERING
SEARCH TERMS.
ENTER C TO CONTINUE OR
NO TO DISCONTINUE DISPLAY/
: VIII. DISPLAY OF CITATIONS AND ABSTRACTS (Continued)
-------
IX. OFF-LINE PRINT OPTION (To Be Implemented)
U>
If the user desires a lengthy printout,
particularly 20 items or more with abstracts,
he is urged to use the OFF-LINE PRINT. This
will result in considerable cost savings in
terminal time and the printout will normally
be mailed to the user on a same day basis if
requested before 4:00 p.m.
The procedure for this option is similar
to the DISPLAY command. For a total search,
use
The system will ask
Response
Next, the computer will request
identification.
The system will respond with
There will be a 3-5 second delay after
which the computer will request that you
continue the search.
Caution: If an off-line print is requested,
the user should not use any abort
commands^ but he should exit BASIS
in a normal manner. An abort may
cause loss of the printout without
acknowledgement to the user.
XX/ (PRINT 9)
WHAT FIELDS DO. YOU WANT TO SEE?
/ 1, 4, 2, 3, 5
PLEASE TYPE COMPLETE NAME AND MAILING ADDRESS.
/
YOUR REQUEST IS BEING PRINTED OFF-LINE..
ENTER YOUR NEXT SEARCH TERM.
/
IX. OFF-LINE PRINT OPTION
-------
X. CHARACTER AND LINE DELETE
Since typing errors will arise during the
course of a search, the user is provided with an easy
method for either deleting characters or an entire line.
To erase a character (s) , the user must hit the reverse
arrow key (together with the shift key. )
To delete an entire line, the user must hit the "@"
key before hitting the carriage return.
The system will reprint the original line number
after indicating that the line has been killed.
XX/ CHROMO<-ATORRAPHY
or
xx/ CHROMTO*^ATOGRAPHY
xx/ (1 AND 2) 9
LINE KILLED. RE-ENTER.
XX/
X. CHARACTER AND LINE DELETE
-------
XI. RESTART OPTION
The RESTART Command: After a particularly lengthy
search, the quantity of search terms and associated line-
numbers can become unwieldy. Perhaps the user may wish
to restructure his search or simply begin from scratch
again. This is achieved by entering the command
The result is that all previous statements, i.e.,
index terms, logical combinations, and commands are
erased, and the user, is returned to the beginning of the
sequence. For example. . .
xx/ (RESTART!
ENTER NAME OF 'DATA BASE TO BE SEARCHED.
/ AHIC
•
XI. RESTART OPTION
-------
•XII. LIST ALL OPTION
After a lengthy search, the user may wish to recall
the terms and also logical combinations already entered
into the system. The command would be
All lines previously used would be displayed. Such
a display might appear as
The first column shows the number of items in the
data base for each term or logical combination. The
next number is the line number and may be used in sub-
sequent logical combinations.
Note: Only those line numbers corresponding to valid
search terms or logic statements are permanent and
retrievable. Line numbers used for invalid terms,
stem options, or oorrmand statements are reused.
Also, line numbers for logic statements resulting
in no retrievable documents are reused.
xx/ (LIST ALL)
ITEMS-NO. -LINE
*** 25 1/DDT
*** 39 2/GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
*** 27 3/SEPARATION TECHNIQUES
*** 5 i/(lA2A3)
*** 23 5/CHEMICAL INTERFERENCE
*** 2 6/(4A5)
ENTER YOUR REQUEST
XX/
•
XII. LIST ALL OPTION
-------
XIII. NEARBY TERM OPTION
The NEARBY TERM option will assist the user in
selecting the precise terms needed for efficient searching.
The sequence at the right illustrates the use of the
option to correct a term for entry. The system would not
accept CHEMICAL INTERFERENCES since that term had not
been used; rather, the singular form had been used.
The corrected term is entered.
ENTER YOUR REOUEST
5/ CHEMICAL INTERFERENCES
NO SUCH TERM. WANT ADJACENT TERMS?
YES: NO/YES
ITEMS-NEARBY TERMS TO YOUR TERM
1 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
23 CHEMICAL INTERFERENCE
***(YOUR TERM)
8 CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND
1 CHEMICAL PARTITIONING
5/ CHEMICAL INTERFERENCE
23 ITEMS
XIII. NEARBY TERM OPTION
-------
XIV. STEM SEARCH OPTION
The STEM SEARCH option is very useful in exploring
the vocabulary or assuring that all desirable terms are
used in the OR combination. The user has the capability
of listing any terms "in the file containing the desired
stem. The format for the stem option is
The first 10 terms having the specified stem will
be displayed.
If additional terms are desired, the user may
specify the number of terms desired
A sample search might be...
The response would be...
Note: The .number to the left of each term signifies
the number of items in the data base indexed by
that term.
XX/
XX/
XX/
5
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
STEM*
STEM* nn
CLOSTRID* 20
HITS-TERMS CONTAINING' THIS STEM
CLOSTRIDIUM
CLOSTRIDIUM BIFERMENTANS
CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM
CLOSTRIDIUM CAPTOVALE
CLOSTRIDIUM CARNIS
CLOSTRIDIUM CHAUVOEI
CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICLE
CLOSTRIDIUM HEMOLYTICUM
CLOSTRIDIUM HISTOLYTICUM
CLOSTRIDIUM NOVYI
CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINSENS
CLOSTRIDIUM PUTREFACIENS
CLOSfRIDIUM SEPTICUM
CLOSTRIDIUM SORDELLII
CLOSTRIDIUM SPOROGENES
CLOSTRIDIUM SUBTERMINALE
CLOSTRIDIUM TERTIUM
CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI
CLOSTRIDIUM TETRAMORPHIUM
END OF TERMS CONTAINING THIS STEM
XIV. STEM SEARCH OPTION
-------
XV. DISPLAY INTERRUPT (USER ABORT)
H
The user may wish to interrupt the display.
This may be particularly true if the computer
is printing a lengthy search. If he depresses
simultaneously ,
printing will cease and the computer will wait
for the next command. Several options can be
used.
1. To resume printing without loss of
message
2. To suspend readout
Note: Each time CONTROL/Z followed by S is
entered, 10 lines of printout will be skipped.
The print-out will then be resumed until
CONTROL/Z and S are depressed again. When
the printout is completed, the user has the
option of LOGOUT or resuming his search by
entering a new term.
3. Full user abort from BASIS.
This will cause the user to exit the
BASIS Information System, but remain
connected to the computer. He has the
option of again requesting BASIS or
LOGOUT .
Caution: If the user has requested an off-line
printout, the use of Option 3, the
full user abort from BASIS, will
cause the loss of the printout. AMIC
cannot be responsible for delivery
of the printout under these circum-
stances. Normal LOGOUT procedures
should be followed.
CONTROL and Z
Carriage return
i
A
XV. DISPLAY INTERRUPT (USER ABORT)
-------
XVI. QUIT AND LOGOUT
The LOGOUT procedure is simple, but should be
followed carefully.
When the user is satisfied with the results of his
search and decides to terminate, he should enter the
command
The system will respond
At this point, the user has left the information
system, but is still connected to the computer which will
send the message:
The user then must enter
After the computer sends the final statistics, the
user should disconnect the telephone and turn off the
equipment .
Note: If you have had any difficulty or fail to be
satisfied by your search, please call AMIC
immediately^ The Center may be able to assist you
off-line.
XX/(OUIT)
IF YOU DESIRE FURTHER AMIC ASSISTANCE
CALL AREA 614, 299-3151, Extension 3264.
BASIS 70 HAS
ENJOYED SERVING YOU.
(DONT FORGET TO "LOGOUT. ' BEFORE DISCONNECTING.)
GOODBYE ,
17. 20.48. END BASIS
COMMAND-
LOGOUT.
CP TIME 1.488
PP TIME 41.800
CONNECT TIME O'HRS. 16 MIN.
01/13/72 LOGGED OUT AT 17. 21.1 5. <
MP
XVI. QUIT AND LOGOUT
-------
XVII. SHORT FORM LOGOUT
A short form LOGOUT is also available
which reduces the time required to logout. At
any point in the search., the user may simply
type...
The computer will respond with.
Revised 4/17/72
LOGOUT.
GOODBYE
CP TIME 1.488
PP TIME 41.8QQ
CONNECT TIME Q HRS. 16". MIN.
QI/13/72 LOGGED (JUT AT 17.2.1.15.
XVII. SHORT FORM LOGOUT
-------
SECTION XVIII
SAMPLE QUERY
NOTE: Underlines denote user actions.
BATTELLF. INTERCOM 3.0
DATE 01/13/72
TIME 17.04.55.
PLEASE LOGIN.
LOGIN, the user logs in.
ENTER USER NAME- _AAAAAAAAA Each user or user group
ENTER PASSWORD- 999999999 ie assigned a valid user
name and password.
01/13/72 LOGGED III AT 17.05.43.
WITH USER-ID KV
EQUIP/PORT 60/05
COMMAND- BASIS.
(PHASE I) BASIS 70
IS OH LINE!
DO YOU DESIRE OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS?
TYPE YES OR NO/NO
PLEASE ENTER YOUR LAST NAME. /DARBY
ENTER THE NAME OF DATA BASE TO BE SEARCHED.
/ AMIC
AMIC DATA BASE SPONSORED BY EPA
UNDER CONTRACT 68-01-0166
TOTAL ITEMS Ifl BASE xx.xxx
LATEST UPDATE mm/dd/yy
ENTER YOUR SEARCH ONE TFRM AT A TIME.
V DDT the query is initiated
25 ITEMS
2/ GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
39 ITEMS
3/ SEPARATION TECHNIQUES
27 ITEMS
4/ (1A2A3) the user constructs a
5 ITEMS logical combination
ENTER YOUR REQUEST
5/ CHEMICAL INTERFERENCES invalid entry
HO SUCH TERM. WANT ADJACENT TERMS? YES;NO/YES
ITEMS-NEARBY TERMS TO YOUR TERM
1 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
23 CHEMICAL INTERFERENCE
***(YOUR TERM) nearby terms are
R CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND displayed
1 CHEMICAL PARTITIONING
5/ CHEMICAL INTERFERENCE
23 ITEMS
-------
A-2
6/ (4A51
2 ITEMS
ENTER YOUR REDUEST
7/ (DISPLAY 6)
THE DATA ELEMENTS FOR THE AMIC DATA BASE ARE
1-ACCESSION NUMBER,
2-FACILITY,
3-TITLE,
4-AUTHOR(S),
5-BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA,
6-IHDEX TERMS,
7-ABSTRACT.
WHAT FIELDS DO YOU WANT TO SEE?
ENTER FIELD NUMBERS SEPARATED BY COMMAS OR ALL
/ 1.4.2.3.5
ITEMS FROM THE AMIC DATA BASE ARE ....
ITEM 1
ACCESSION NUMBER : 627
AUTHOR(S) : BREIDENBACH, A. W., LICHTENBER
G. J. J., HENKE. C. F., SMITH, D. J., El
CHELBERGER, J. W., JR., STIERLI, H.
FACILITY : FEDERAL WATER POLLUTION CONTRO
L ADMINISTRATION, WASHINGTON, D. C., DIV
ISION OF POLLUTION SURVEILLANCE
TITLE : THE IDENTIFICATION AND MEASUREMENT OF CH
LORIMATED HYDROCARBON PESTICIDES IN SURF
ACE WATERS,
BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA : WP-22, NOVEMBER 1966
. 70 P. 38 FIG, 2 TAB, 71 REF.
ITEM 2
ACCESSION NUMBER : 1029
AUTHOR(S) : LAW, LEROY M., GOERLITZ, DOMAL
D F.
FACILITY : U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, MENLO
PARK, WATER RESOURCES DIVISION
TITLE : MICROCOLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHIC CLEANUP FOR
THE ANALYSIS OF PESTICIDES INWATER,
BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOC
IATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS,
VOL. 53, HO. 6, P 1276-1286, NOVEMBER 19
70. 5 FIG, 6 TAB, 23 REF.
FINISHED WITH PRINTOUT. CONTINUE ENTERING SERACH TERMS.
7/ (DISPLAY (1029)
WHAT FIELDS DO YOU WANT TO SEE?
the user refines the
logical combination
the items are retrieved
data elements are
printed only once
for each search
the system prints the
desired data base
elements
ITEMS FROM THE AMIC DATA BASE ARE ....
ITEM 1
ABSTRACT : RAPID AND ECONOMICAL REMOVAL
OF EXTRANEOUS CO-EXTRACTIVES FROM PESTIC
IDE RESIDUE EXTRACTS OF WATER IS MADE PO
the user desires to see
the abstract for item
1029.
-------
A-3
SSIBLE BY THE USF OF MICRO-CLEANUP COLUM
NS. THREE ABSORBENTS—ALUMINA, SILICA RE
L, AND FLORISIL--AS WELL AS A VARIETY OF
SOLVENT SYSTEMS HERE INVESTIGATED. THE
RECOVERY AND CLEANUP OF ALDRIN, CHLORDAN
E, P,P' ' -ODD, P, P '-DDE.O.P'-DDT.P.P'
-DDT, DIELDRIN, ENDRIH, HEPTACHLOR, HEPT
ACHLOR EPOXIDE, HEXACHLOROBICYCLOHEPTADI
ENE, HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIEflE, ISODRItl,
LINDANE, AND METHOXYCHLOR WERE SATISFAC
TORY, USING ANY OF THE THREE ABSORBENTS.
THE PHOSPHOROTHIOATE PESTICIDES MALTIO
N, METHYL PARATHION, AND PARATHION, HOW
VER, COULD MOT BE SUCCESSFULLY RECOVERED
FROM FLORISIL WHEN A MODIFIED MILLS PRO
CEDURE WAS ATTEMPTED. THE MICRO-CLEANUP
COLUMNS MAY ALSO BE USED TO PERFORM A PR
ELIMINARY SEPARATION OF A NUMBER OF COMP
OUNDS THAT ARE DIFFICULT TO RESOLVE BY G
LC.
FINISHED WITH PRINTOUT. CONTINUE ENTERING SEARCH TERMS.
7/ (LIST ALL'' the LIST option is used
ITEMS-NO.-LINE—
*** 25 1/DDT
*** 39 2/GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
*** 27 3/SEPARATION TECHNIOUES
*** 5 4/(lA2A3)
*** 23 5/ CHEMICAL INTERFERENCE
*** 2 6/(4A5)
ENTER YOUR REOUEST
7/ METABOLITES the veer modifies the
7 ITEMS query
8/ (1A3A7)
2 ITEMS
ENTER YOUR REQUEST
9/ (DISPLAY 8) new items are retrieved
WHAT FIELDS DO YOU WANT TO SEE? and printed
I 1,3.4.5
ITEMS FRun THE AMIC DATA BASE ARE ....
ITEM 1
ACCESSION NUMBER : 577
TITLE : PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN CHANNEL CATFISH FR
OM NEBRASKA,
AUTHOR(S) : STUCKY, N. P.
BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA : PESTICIDES MONITORIN
G JOURNAL, VOL. 4, NO. 2, P 62-66, SEPTE
MBER 1970. 2 FIG, 3 TAB, 13 REF.
ITEM 2
ACCESSION NUMBER : 1029
TITLE- : MICROCOLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHIC CLEANUP FOR
THE ANALYSIS OF PESTICIDES INWATER,
MJTHOR(S) : LAW, LEROY M., GOERLITZ, DONAL
D F.
1U6
-------
A-4
BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOC
IATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS,
VOL. 53, NO. 6, P 1276-1286, NOVEMBER 19
70. 5 FIG, 6 TAB, 23 REF.
FINISHED WITH PRINTOUT. CONTINUE ENTERING SEARCH TERMS.
9/ (QUIT) the search is terminated
IF YOU DESIRE FURTHER AMIC ASSISTANCE
CALL AREA 614,299-3151, Extension 3264.
BASIS 70 HAS
ENJOYED SERVING YOU.
DO YOU HAVE ANY COMMENTS?
YES:NO/NO
(DONT FORGET TO "LOGOUT." BEFORE DISCONNECTING.)
GOODBYE
17.20.48.END BASIS
COMMAND- LOGOUT
CONTROL CARD ERROR
COMMAND- LOGOUT. the user logs out and...
CP TIME 1.488
PP TIME 41.800
CONNECT TIME 0 HRS. 16 MIH.
01/13/72 LOGGED OUT AT 17.21.15.<
HP ...turns off the
term-no.!'
-------
XIX. TITLE WORD (TU). SEARCHES
Many older documents containing information
important to analytical methodology have been
collected by AMIC. However, since the emphasis
of AMIC has been upon current literature, these
older documents have not been abstracted and
indexed for inclusion in the data base.
In order to make these older documents
available to AMIC users, they are being machine-
indexed by title, authors, and facilities. This
section of the AMIC USER GUIDE describes
suggested search procedures for this older
literature.
Assume you want to search titles of older
literature for information on heavy metals in
water and wastes. The first step is to think
of all words that authors might use in their
titles. Possible terms are HEAVY METALS,
ELEMENTS, LEAD, CADMIUM, THALLIUM, COPPER, MER-
CURY, TRACE METALS, ZINC, WATER', SEWAGE, WASTE,
SLUDGE, and EFFLUENT. (There may be others.)
Rule: When making title word searches 3 the
search word must be preceded by TW.
The first suggested term is HEAVY METALS.
Rule: Machine indexing does not recognize
paired words unless they are connected
by a hyphen or other connecting symbol.
(An example would be GAS-LIQUID. ) 'Hence,
in a title word (W search, HEAVY METALS
would be indexed as tjM separate words.
The word HEAVY could be entered as shown.
The present response would be
I/ TW
I/ TW HEAVY
NO SUCH TERM. WANT ADJACENT TERMS? YES: NO /NO
XIX. TITLE WORD (IW) SEARCHES
-------
XIX. TITLE WORD (TWl SEARCHES (Continued)
<§•
Entering the next word
Rule: Machine indexing does not recognize
singulars and plurals as being the same
word, but rather as two separate and
distinct words. Therefore, singulars and
plurals must both be entered separately.
There is a strategy that can be used to
assure that all variations of a term are covered.
This is the stem search. See Section XIV. If
the stem META* had been entered
the response would have been
Warning: Always enter the shortest form of
the word for a stem search. Never
enter a plural form. Useful variations
would be missed.
The user could then enter the two relevant
terms.
It is strongly urged that the user make
free use of the stem search option when
searching TW in order that all variations of the
search word are used.
I/ TW METALS
4 ITEMS.
2/ TU METAL
"2 ITEMS
I/ TW META*
1 TW METABOLISM
2 TW METAL
4 TW METALS
I/ TW METAL
2 ITEMS
2/ TW METALS
4 ITEMS.
XIX. TITLE WORD (TW) SEARCHES (Continued)
-------
XIX. TITLE WORD (TW) SEARCHES (Continued)
At this stage of development, many of the
TU terms, which should be valid, have not yet
appeared in titles entered into the file. Hence,
there are no records for many of the suggested
terms.
A Hit! As soon as a term is identified,
it may be entered 'as a search term.
ENTER REQUEST.
3/ TW ELEMEN*
THERE ARE NO RECORDS FOUND CONTAINING THIS
ENTER REQUEST.
3/ TW LEAD*
THERE ARE NO RECORDS FOUND CONTAINING THIS
ENTER REOUEST.
3/ TW CADMIUM*
THERE ARE NO RECORDS FOUND CONTAINING THIS
ENTER REQUEST.
3/ TW THALLIUM*
THERE ARE NO RECORDS FOUND CONTAINING THIS
ENTER REQUEST.
3/ TW COPPER*
HITS-TERMS CONTAINING THIS STEM
1 TW COPPER
END OF TERMS CONTAINING THIS STEM
ENTER REQUEST.
3/ TW COPPER
1 ITEM
4/ TW MERCURY*
HITS-TERMS CONTAINING THIS STEM
11 TW MERCURY
1 TW MERCURY(II)
END OF TERMS CONTAINING THIS STEM.
ENTER REQUEST.
4/ TW MERCURY
11 ITEMS
5/ TW MERCURY (I I)
1 ITEM
6/ TW TRACE*
HITS-TERMS CONTAINING THIS STEM
8 TW TRACE
END OF TERMS CONTAINING THIS STEM
ENTER REQUEST.
6/ TW TRACE
8 ITEMS
XIX. TITLE WORD (TW) SEARCHES
STEM
STEM
STEM
STEM
(Continued)
-------
XIX. TITLE WORD (TW) SEARCHES (Continued)
H
VJ1
H
11 TW ZINC*
THERE ARE NO RECORDS FOUND CONTAINING.THIS STEM
ENTER REQUEST.
11 TW WATER*
HITS-TERMS CONTAINING THIS STEM
39 TW WATER
10 TW WATERS
END OF TERMS CONTAINING THIS STEM
ENTER REQUEST
11 TW WATER
39 ITEMS
8/ TW WATERS
If1 TTEMS
9/ fW SEWAGE*
HITS-TERMS CONTAINING THIS STEM
1 TW SEWAGE
END OF TERMS CONTAINING THIS STEM
ENTER REQUEST.
9/ TW SEWAGE
1 ITEM
10/ TW WASTE*
HITS-TERMS CONTAINING THIS STEM
3 TW WASTE
2 TW WASTEWATER
1 TW WASTEWATERS
END OF TERMS CONTAINING THIS STEM
ENTER REQUEST.
10/ TW WASTE
3 ITEMS
ll/ TW WASTEWATER
2 ITEMS
12/ TW WASTEWATERS
1 ITEM
13/ TW SLUDGE*
HITS-TERMS CONTAINING THIS STEM
1 TW SLUDGE
END OF TERMS CONTAINING THIS STEM
ENTER REQUEST.
13/ TW SLUDGE
1 ITEM
XIX. TITLE WORD (tWl SEARCHES (Continued).
-------
XIX. TITLE WORD (TH) SEARCHES (Continued)
H
vn
Mow that all useful terms and their
variations have been entered, it may be of value
to display the total search. Use the (LIST ALL)
command. See Section XII.
The computer will respond
Note: Some users, having printers^ may wish to
enter all stem searches -at one time and
then enter all legitimate terms. This
option will not work for those users
having only limited CRT capacity since
they will not be able to refer to a list
of legitimate terms without going through
the LIST ALL option.
14/ TH EFFLUENT*
HITS-TERMS CONTAINING THIS STEM
3 TW EFFLUENTS
END OF TERMS CONTAINING THIS STEM
ENTER REQUEST.
14/ TW EFFLUENTS
3 ITEMS
15/
15/ (LIST ALL)
ITEMS— NO.— LINE —
*** 2 1/TW METAL
*** 4 2/TW METALS
*** 1 3/TW COPPER
*** 11 4/TW MERCURY
*** 1 5/TW MERCURY(II)
*** 8 6/TW TRACE
*** 39 7/TW WATER
*** 10 8/TW WATERS
*** 1 9/TW SEWAGE
*** 3 10/TW WASTE
*** 2 11/TW WASTEWATER
*** 1 12/TW WASTEWATERS
*** 1 ^,3/TW SLUDGE
*** 3 14/TW EFFLUENTS
XIX. TITLE WORD (TW) SEARCHES (Continued)
-------
XIX. TITLE WORD (IH) SEARCHES (Continued)
OJ
Care should be exercised in refraining the
question in Boolean logic. It would be re-
stated as those documents concerning METAL OR
METALS OR COPPER OR MERCURY OR MERCURY(II) OR
TRACE AND WATER OR WATERS OR SEWAGE OR WASTE OR
WASTEWATER OR WASTEWATERS OR SLUDGE OR EFFLUENTS.
Warning: In entering logical statements .into
MIC, no statement should contain more
thin 9 line numbers in any Boolean
statement, or one line across the CRT.
The first step, then would be to enter the
first set of like items using OR logic.
The next set of OR logic may be entered.
Then do the AND logic
The next step is to display the 3 identi-
fied items.
Caution: Two further points need to be made:
I. AND correlations between title words
and normal index terms will cause
loss of retrieval. However, you may
correlate facilities and authors with
title words. (See Section VI for
facility and author searches.)
2. Do not try to make extensive correla-
tions on title words such as "mass
speatrometry of heavy metals in water".
Title word searches will be more pro-
ductive if broad searches are made and
the display capability is used to
"browse" through titles.
157 (1 OR 2 OR 3 OR 4 OR 5 OR 6)
21 ITEMS
ENTER YOUR REQUEST
167 (7 OR 8 OR 9 OR 10 OR 11 OR 12 OR 13 OR 14)
54 ITEMS
ENTER YOUR REQUEST
17/ (15 AND 16)
3 ITEMS
ENTER YOUR REQUEST.
18/ DISPLAY 17
WHICH DATA ELEMENTS DO YOU WANT TO SEE?
/ALL
ITEMS FROM THE AMIC DATA BASE ARE
ITEM 1
ACCESSION NUMBER : 109
TITLE : MERCURY IN WATER SUPPLIES,
BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA : AMERICAN WATER WORKS
ASSOCIATION JOURNAL, VOL. 62, NO. 5,
P 285, MAY 1970. 3 REF.
ABSTRACT : DOCUMENT NOT YET ABSTRACTED.
ITEM 2
ACCESSION NUMBER : 1690
TITLE : MEMBRANE PROBE-SPECTRAL EMISSION TYPE DE
TECTION SYSTEM FOR MERCURY IN WATER,
AUTHOR(S) : BRAMAN, R." S.
XIX. TITLE WORD (TW) SEARCHES (Continued)
-------
XIX. TITLE WORD (TO) SEARCHES (Continued)
BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA : ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY,
VOL. 43, NO. 11, P 1462-1467, SEPTEMBER
1971. 6 FIG, 2 TAB, 19 REF.
ABSTRACT : DOCUMENT NOT YET ABSTRACTED.
ITEM 3
ACCESSION NUMBER : 1695
TITLE : USE OF ANION EXCHANGE RESIN-LOADED PAPER
IN THE DETERMINATION OF TRACE MERCURY IN
WATER BY NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS,
AUTHOR(S) : BECKNELL, D. E.; MARSH, R.H.;
ALLIE, W. R., JR.,
BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA : ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY,
VOL. 43, NO. 10, P 1230-1233, AUGUST 1
1971. 2 FIG, 2 TAB, 7 REF.
ABSTRACT : DOCUMENT NOT YET ABSTRACTED.
FINISHED WITH PRINTOUT. CONTINUE ENTERING SEARCH
TERMS.
XIX. TITLE WORD (TW) SEARCHES (Continued)
-------
APPENDIX E. RESPONSES TO AMIC QUICK RESPONSE
INQUIRIES
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER
CINCINNATI, OHIO 45263
July 31, 1972
Mr. Robert L. Little, Project Leader
Analytical Methodology Information Center
Battelle Columbus Laboratories
505 King Avenue
Columbus, Ohio 43201
Dear Bob:
Thank you for the copy of QRI-30, "Methods for Preconcentration
for Analysis of Trace Metals in Marine Sediments." It would appear
that you have done a very thorough literature search. As best I
can determine, there are only a few that I am aware of that you
missed. I am enclosing Xerox copies of these four papers which
you may keep for your files.
Sincerely yours,
/John F. Kopp, Group Leader
Trace Metals Analyses
4 Enclosures
CC: Dr. C. I. Weber, Chief, Biological Methods, AQCL
155
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER
Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
Datt: March 14, 1972
Rtplyto
Altn tf: Analytical Quality Control Laboratory
Evaluation of QRI-16
TV-
C. I. Weber
Chief, Biological Methods
Analytical Quality Control Laboratory
We appreciate the rapid response (10 days) and the brief concise
format of QRI-16 "Analytical Methods for Bacteria in Chlorinated
Wastewater and Sediments". We did not expect many items closely
related to the subject request. Of the 10 abstracts submitted, all
were related to the request and 8 were very helpful. The objectives
of the planned research problems were obviously clearly understood
by the searchers and this grasp of the problea is reflected in the
results from the literature search.
Robert H. Bordner
Chief,
Microbiological Methods
156
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT
DIVISION OF FIELD INVESTIGATIONS-DENVER CENTER
BUILDING 53, BOX 25227 , DENVER FEDERAL CENTER
DENVER, COLORADO 80225
5 September 1972
Mr. Robert L. Little
Project Leader
Analytical Methodology
Information Center
Battelle, Cobmbus Laboratories
505 King Avenue
Columbus, Ohio ^3201
Dear Mr. Little:
The latter part of August I had the opportunity to discuss QRI-23,
"£. col i as a Pollution Indicator" with one of your abstractors
(Miss Holomon). At that time, I pointed out our particular interest
in the literature on methods of detecting E_. col i in natural waters and
shellfish. This was an "after thought" and not part of the original
request made through Mr. Bordner last June. Nevertheless, we
were pleasantly surprised when the bibliography was received on August 25,
1972 and it contained a section concerned with methods.
I have had the opportunity to read through this abstracted biblio-
graphy prepared by your staff. It is excel lent and wi 1 1 certainly
be helpful in evaluating the use and abuse of E_. coli as an indicator
of pollution in shellfish harvest waters.
Sincerely,
Robert F. Schneider
Chief, Biology Branch
RFS/ls
cc: Bordner
157
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
National Environmental Research Center—Corvallis
Southeast Environmental Research Laboratory
Athens, Georgia 30601
October 13, 1972
Dr. Robert L. Little
Analytical Methodology Information Center
Battelle Columbus Laboratories
505 King Avenue
Columbus, Ohio 43201
Dear Bob:
I have received QRI-38, "Identification, Analysis and
Effects of Organic Compounds in Kraft Paper Mill Wastes."
The delay did not affect our study; we will make the most
use of it over the next 4-6 months.
I am very pleased with the results—especially the
index. In reference material of this kind the usefulness
of it is often governed by how comprehensive the index is
and I was pleased to find not only subject areas but also
individual compounds listed. That will be a very benefi-
cial service.
Thank you for your help in this project.
Sincerely,
Lawrence H. Keith
Research Chemist
Contaminants Characterization Program
cc: Dr. Cornelius J. Weber
EPA, AQCL
Cincinnati, OH
158
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT
DIVISION OF FIELD INVESTIGATIONS-DENVER CENTER
BUILDING 22 , ROOM 410 , DENVER FEDERAL CENTER
DENVER, COLORADO 80225
TO : Dr. Cornelius I. Weber, Project Officer UATE: June 27, 1972
AQC Laboratory
FROM OR & M Technical Liaison Officer
SUBJECT-. Quick Response inquiry
In response to our telephone conversation of June 23, 1972, I am
making a request for a QRI on the following:
Any information as to the effects of chromium (any
oxidation state) on sewage treatment processes and
vice versa.
QRI's -12 and -15 have been useful in identifying the current
pollutional problems and potential problems with sewage treatment.
Again may I thank you for the excellent assistance which you have
given us.
Douglas B. Seba, Ph.D.
DBS/cw
159
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
WATER QUALITY OFFICE
DIVISION OF FIELD INVESTIGATIONS-DENVER CENTER
BUILDING 53 , BOX 25227 DENVER FEDERAL CENTER
DENVER, COLORADO 80225
29 September 1972
Mr. Robert L. Little, Project Leader
Analytical Methodology Information Center
Battelle, Columbus Laboratories
505 King Avenue
Columbus, Ohio 43201
Dear Mr. Little:
In several of our recent field investigations we have been
involved with heavy metals and especailly chromium. We have done
some searching in the literature regarding their effect on sewage
treatment, but the press of other duties had made it impossible
to make a complete search.
Your report on the Effects of chromium on sewage treatment
and the effects of sewage treatment on chromium answered our
questions on the deleterious effects of chromium both on sewage
treatment processes and on equipment, and the necessity of
chromium removal by a pre-treatment process. Thank you for a
most thorough review on this matter.
Sincerely,
John G. Hale
Aquatic Biologist
cc: Thomas P. Gallagher
Douglas B. Seba
JGH/lms
160
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
National Environmental Research. Center
Research Triangle Park, N. C. 27711
July 11, 1972
Robert L. Little
Analytical Methodology Information Center
Battelle Columbus Laboratories
505 King Avenue
Columbus, Ohio 43201
Dear Mr. Little:
I have reviewed the list of abstracts you sent me in response to
QRI-22 on resonance fluorescence. Several reports were described, of
which I was unaware, and I have ordered copies from the authors or
NTIS.
For your information, the general area of Raman scattering was not
the area of interest and was over-emphasized in the search. Also I
already have several quite pertinent articles, principally from J.
Chem. Phys., on OH and 0 atom resonance fluorescence which were not
revealed in the list you sent me.
Once again, thank you for your assistance.
Sincerely yours,
\ 4
1 V
Jimmie A. Hodgeson, Ph.D.
Field Methods Development Section
Division of Chemistry and Physics
161
-------
UNITED STATES
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
REGION VII
„ „ ,., 1735 BALTIMORE - ROOM 249
'ff KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI - 64101
March 6, 1972
IN REPLY REFER TO: S VAN -TECH
Dr. Cornelius I. Weber
Chief, Biological Methods
Analytical Quality Control
1014 Broadway
Cincinnati, Ohio 45202
Dear Dr. Weber:
Reference is made to your Memorandum of February 25, 1972,
and our previous discussions concerning Analytical Methods for
Diethylstilbestrol. Our Region is currently conducting field studies
of oxidation ditch treatment of cattle feedlot wastes. We are in
the process of making a decision concerning the inclusion of
diethylstilbestrol in our scope of study. The information you have
provided through QRI No. 13 and your above mentioned memorandum
had given us a solid basis for our decisions. We feel that in this
situation the QRI was most useful.
Sincerely yours,
Chief, Technical Support Branch
162
OU.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1973 514-155/310 1-3
-------
SELECTED WATER
RESOURCES ABSTRACTS
INPUT TRANSACTION FORM
No.
w
OPERATION OF THE ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGY INFORMATION CENTER,
t.
s.
Little, R. L.; Darby, R. L.
Battelle-Columbus Laboratories, Ohio
Analytical Methodology Information Center
'2.. 5 r.sori,. ?rgar tion
'-No.
16020 HJE
68-01-0166
. Typi Rep: :
P ricd Cc ered
Environmental Protection Agency report
number. EPA-R4-73-011. April 1973.
Details are given for the first year of full-scale operation of the
Analytical Methodology Information Center which was designed to collect, process, and
disseminate information on analytical methods related to aquatic and marine environments
for the Analytical Quality Control Laboratory and other elements of the National
Analytical Methods Development Research Program. The main activities of the Center
included an extensive acquisitions program, abstracting and indexing at the rate of
about 200 items per month, providing abstracts to the Water Resources Scientific Informa-
tion Center, publication of an abstract bulletin, maintenance of acomputerized
information/data base which is on-line interactive, provision of limited loan and copy
services, and availability of quick response inquiry services. The value of the inter-
active information/data base has been further enhanced by the addition of chemical
effects (toxicity) data. An additional study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness
of SDI services to selected staff members as a means of broadening the AMIC screening
process. An extensive group of EPA staff has been served by the Center via the abstract
bulletin, the interactive information/data base, the loan and copy services, and the
quick response inquiries. Because of interest in these activities outside EPA, plans are
underway to permit access to these services on a cost-recovery basis. Recommendations
are included for continued operation of the Center. (Little-Battelle)
ITa.
Information retrieval, Data collections, Analytical techniques, Methodology, Automation,
Digital computers, Publications, Bibliographies, Toxicity, Data storage and retrieval,
Data processing
Information centers, Information storage and retrieval systems, Interactive information
systems
i9. Set.uriI." Class.
Repo. )
-.1. S-. -:tyC s-.
21.
No. of
••ages
Pi. •
Send To:
WATER RESOURCES SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION CENTER
U S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
WASHINGTON. D C. 2O24O
Robert L. Little
| Battelle-Columbus Laboratories, AMIC, Ohio
------- |