EPA-600/3-77-100
September 1977
Ecological Research Series
DISTRIBUTION OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN
VIRGINIA LAKES
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
Office of Research and Development
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Las Vegas, Nevada 89114
-------
RESEARCH REPORTING SERIES
Research reports of the Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, have been grouped into nine series. These nine broad cate-
gories were established to facilitate further development and application of en-
vironmental technology. Elimination of traditional grouping was consciously
planned to foster technology transfer and a maximum interface in related fields.
The nine series are:
1. Environmental Health Effects Research
2. Environmental Protection Technology
3. Ecological Research
4. Environmental Monitoring
5. Socioeconomic Environmental Studies
6. Scientific and Technical Assessment Reports (STAR)
7. Interagency Energy-Environment Research and Development
8. "Special" Reports
9. Miscellaneous Reports
This report has been assigned to the ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH series. This series
describes research on the effects of pollution on humans, plant and animal spe-
cies, and materials. Problems are assessed for their long- and short-term influ-
ences. Investigations include formation, transport, and pathway studies to deter-
mine the fate of pollutants and their effects. This work provides the technical basis
for setting standards to minimize undesirable changes in living organisms in the
aquatic, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments.
This document is available to the public through the National Technical Informa-
tion Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161.
-------
EPA-600/3-77-100
September 1977
DISTRIBUTION OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN VIRGINIA LAKES
by
J. W. Hilgert*. V. W. Lambou, F. A. Morris*, R. W. Thomas,
M. K. Morris*, L. R. Williams, W. D. Taylor,
F. A. Hiatt*, and S. C. Hern
Monitoring Operations Division
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
Las Vegas, Nevada 89114
*Departtnent of Biological Sciences
The University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Las Vegas, Nevada 89154
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND SUPPORT LABORATORY
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION.AGENCY
LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89114
-------
DISCLAIMER
This report has been reviewed by the Environmental Monitoring and
Support Laboratory-Las Vegas, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial
products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
ii
-------
FOREWORD
Protection of the environment requires effective regulatory
actions which are based on sound technical and scientific information.
This information must include the quantitative description and linking
of pollutant sources, transport mechanisms, interactions, and re-
sulting effects on man and his environment. Because of the complexities
involved, assessment of specific pollutants in the environment requires
a total systems approach which transcends the media of air, water, and
land. The Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory-Las Vegas
contributes to the formation and enhancement of a sound integrated moni-
toring data base through multidisciplinary, multimedia programs designed
to:
• develop and optimize systems and strategies for moni-
toring pollutants and their impact on the environment
• demonstrate new monitoring systems and technologies
by applying them to fulfill special monitoring needs
of the Agency's operating programs
This report presents the species and abundance of phytoplankton
in the 8 lakes sampled by the National Eutrophication Survey in the
State of Virginia, along with results from the calculation of several
commonly used biological indices of water quality and community structure.
These data can be used to biologically characterize the study lakes,
and as baseline data for future investigations. TKis report was written
for use by Federal, State, and local governmental agencies concerned with
water quality analysis, monitoring, and/or regulation. Private industry
and individuals similarly involved with the biological aspects of water
quality will find the document useful. For further information contact
the Water and Land Quality Branch, Monitoring Operations Division.
George BY Morgan /
Director
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
Las Vegas
iii
-------
CONTENTS
Foreword i i i
Introduction 1
Materials and Methods 2
Lake and Site Selection 2
Sample Preparation 2
Examination 3
Qua!ity Control 4
Results 5
Nygaard's Trophic State Indices 5
Palmer's Organic Pollution Indices 5
Species Diversity and Abundance Indices 7
Species Occurrence and Abundance 9
Literature Cited 10
Appendix. Summary of Phytoplankton Data 11
-------
INTRODUCTION
The collection and analysis of phytoplankton data were included
in the National Eutrophication Survey in an effort to determine
relationships between algal characteristics and trophic status of
individual lakes.
During spring, summer, and fall of 1973, the Survey sampled 250
lakes in 17 States. Over 700 algal species and varieties were
identified and enumerated from the 743 water samples examined.
This report presents the species and abundance of phytoplankton
in the 8 lakes sampled in the State of Virginia (Table 1). The
Nygaard's Trophic State (Nygaard 1949), Palmer's Organic Pollution
(Palmer 1969), and species diversity and abundance indices are also
included.
TABLE 1. LAKES SAMPLED IN THE STATE OF VIRGINIA
STOREt No.
Lake Name
County
5103
5105
5106
5108
5110
5111
5112
5113
Claytor Lake
John W. Flannagan Dam
John H. Kerr Reservoir
(Buggs Island Lake)
Occoquan Reservoir
Smith Mountain Lake
Lake Chesdin
Chickahominy Lake
Rivanna (South Fork)
Reservoir
Pulaski
Dickenson
Mecklenburg, Halifax
(Granville, Vance,
Warren in NC)
Fauquier
Bedford, Franklin
Dinwiddie
New Kent, Charles City
Albemarle
-------
MATERIALS AND METHODS
LAKE AND SITE SELECTION
Lakes and reservoirs included in the Survey were selected through
discussions with State water pollution agency personnel and U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency Regional Offices (U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency 1975). Screening and selection strongly emphasized
lakes with actual or potential accelerated eutrophication problems.
As a result, the selection was limited to lakes:
(1) impacted by one or more municipal sewage treatment plant
outfalls either directly into the lake or by discharge to an
inlet tributary within approximately 40 kilometers of the
lake;
(2) 40 hectares or larger in size; and
(3) with a mean hydraulic retention time of at least 30 days.
Specific selection criteria were waived for some lakes of particular
State interest.
Sampling sites for a lake were selected based on available
information on lake morphometry, potential major sources of nutrient
input, and on-site judgment of the field limnologist (U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency 1975). Primary sampling sites were
chosen to reflect the deepest portion of each major basin 1n a test
lake. Where many basins were present, selection was guided by
nutrient source information on hand. At each sampling site, a depth-
integrated phytoplankton sample was taken. Depth-integrated samples
were uniform mixtures of water from the surface to a depth of 15 feet
(4.6 meters) or from the surface to the lower limit of the photic zone
representing 1 percent of the incident light, whichever was greater.
If the depth at the sampling site was less than 15 feet (4.6 meters),
the sample was taken from just off the bottom to the surface.
Normally, a lake was sampled three times in 1 year* providing
information on spring, summer, and fall conditions.
SAMPLE PREPARATION
Four milliliters (ml) of Acid-Lugol's sollution (Prescott 1970)
were added to each 130-ml sample from each site at the time of
collection for preservation. The samples were shipped to the
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, Las Vegas, Nevada,
where equal volumes from each site were mixed to form two 130-ml
composite samples for a given lake. One composite sample was put into
storage and the other was used for the examination.
-------
Prior to examination, the composite samples were concentrated by
the settling method. Solids were allowed to settle for at least 24
hours prior to siphoning off the supernate. The volume of the.
removed supernate and the volume of the remaining concentrate were
measured and concentrations determined. A small (8 ml) library
subsample of the concentrate was then taken. The remaining
concentrate was gently agitated to resuspend the plankton and poured
into a capped, graduated test tube. If a preliminary examination of a
sample indicated the need for a more concentrated sample, the contents
of the test tube were further concentrated by repeating the settling
method. Final concentrations varied from 15 to 40 times the original.
Permanent slides were prepared from concentrated samples after
analysis was complete. A drop of superconcentra^e from the bottom of
the test tube was placed in a ring of clear Karo Corn Syrup with
phenol (a few crystals of phenol were added to each 100 ml of syrup)
on a glass slide, thoroughly mixed, and topped with a coverglass.
After the syrup at the edges of the coverglass had hardened, the
excess was scraped away and the mount was sealed with clear fingernail
polish. Permanent diatom slides were prepared by drying sample
material on a coverglass, heating in a muffle furnace at 400 C for 45
minutes, and mounting in Hyrax. Finally, the mounts were sealed with
clear fingernail polish.
Backup samples, library samples, permanent sample slides, and
Hyrax-mounted diatom slides are being stored and maintained at the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Monitoring and
Support Laboratory-Las Vegas.
EXAMINATION
The phytoplankton samples were examined with the aid of binocular
compound microscopes. A preliminary examination was performed to
precisely identify and list all forms encountered. The length of this
examination varied depending on the complexity of the sample. An
attempt was made to find and identify all of the forms present in each
sample. Often forms were observed which could not be Identified to
species or to genus. Abbreviated descriptions were used to keep a
record of these forms (e.g., lunate cell, blue-green filament,
Navicula #1). Diatom slides were examined using a standard light
microscope. If greater resolution was essential to accurately
identify the diatoms, a phase-contrast microscope was used.
After the species list was compiled, phytoplankton were enumerated
using a Neubauer Counting Chamber with a 40X objective lens and a 10X
ocular lens. All forms within each field were counted. The count was
continued until a minimum of 100 fields had been viewed, or until the
dominant form had been observed a minimum of 100 times.
©Registered Trademark
-------
QUALITY CONTROL
Internal quality control checks on species identifications and
counts were performed on a regular basis between project phycologists
at the rate of 7 percent. Although an individual had primary
responsibility for analyzing a sample, taxonomic problems were
discussed among the phycologists.
Additional quality control checks were performed on the Survey
samples by Dr. G. W. Prescott of the University of Montana at the rate
of 5 percent. Quality control checks were made on 75 percent of these
samples to verify species identifications while checks were made on
the remaining 25 percent of the samples to verify genus counts.
Presently, the agreement between quality control checks for species
identification and genus enumerations is satisfactory.
-------
RESULTS
The Appendix summarizes all of the phytoplankton data collected
from the State by the Survey. It is organized by lake, including an
alphabetical phytoplankton species list with concentrations, for
individual species given by sampling date. Results from the
application of several indices are presented (Nygaard's Trophic State,
Palmer's Organic Pollution, and species diversity and abundance).
Each lake has been assigned a four digit STORET number. [STORET
(STOrage and RETrieval) is the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's
computer system which processes and maintains water quality data.] The
first two digits of the STORET number identify the State; the last two
digits identify the lake.
NYGAARD'S TROPHIC STATE INDICES
Five indices devised by Nygaard (1949) were proposed under the
assumption that certain algal groups are indicative of levels of
nutrient enrichment. These indices were calculated in order to aid in
determining the surveyed lakes' trophic status. As a general rule,
Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta, centric diatoms, and members of the
Chlorococcales are found in waters that are eutrophic (rich in
nutrients), while desmids and many pennate diatoms generally cannot
tolerate high nutrient levels and so are found in oligotrophic waters
(poor in nutrients).
In applying the indices to the Survey data, the number of taxa in
each major group was determined from the species list for each sample.
The ratios of these groups give numerical values which can be used as
a biological index of water richness. The five indices and the ranges
of values established for Danish lakes by Nygaard for each trophic
state are presented in Table 2. The appropriate symbol, (E) eutrophic
and (0) oligotrophic, follows each calculated value in the tables in
the Appendix. A question mark (?) was entered in these tables when
the calculated value was within the range of both classifications.
PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES
Palmer (1969) analyzed reports from 165 authors and developed
algal pollution indices for use in rating water samples with high
organic pollution. Two lists of organic pollution-tolerant forms were
prepared, one containing 20 genera, the other, 20 species (Tables 3
and 4). Each form was assigned a pollution index number ranging from
1 for moderately tolerant forms to 6 for extremely tolerant forms.
Palmer based the index numbers on occurrence records and/or where
emphasized by the authors as being especially tolerant of organic
pollution.
-------
TABLE 2. NYGAARD'S TROPHIC STATE INDICES ADAPTED FROM HUTCHINSON (1967)
Index
Myxophycean
Calculation
Myxophyceae
Desmideae
Oligotrdphic
0.0-0.4
Eutrdphic
0.1-3.0
Chlorophycean
Diatom
Euglenophyte
Compound
Chlorococcales
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Eugl enophyta
Myxophyceae + Chlorococcales
Myxophyceae + Chlorococcales +
Centric Diatoms + Euglenophyta
Desmideae
0.0-0.7
0.0-0.3
0.0-0.2
0.0-1.0
0.2-9.0
0.0-1.75
0.0-1.0
1.2-25
TABLE 3. ALGAL GENUS POLLUTION INDEX
(Palmer 1969)
TABLE 4. ALGAL SPECIES POLLUTION
INDEX (Palmer 1969)
Genus
Anaaystis
Arikistrodesmus
Chlamydomonas
Chlorella
Closteriim
Cyolotella
Euglena
Comphonema
Lepooinolis
Melosira
Mioraotinium
Nawicula
Nitzsohia
Oscillatoria
Pandorina
Phaaus
Phormidium
Scenedesmus
Stigeoo Ionium
Synedra
Pollution
Index
1
2
4
3
1
1
5
1
1
1
1
3
3
5
1
2
1
4
2
2
Species
Pollution
Index
jaleatus
Artheospira jenneri
Chlovella vulgarie
Cyolotella meneghiniana
Euglena graeilia
Euglena vividis
Gomphonema parvulum
Melosira varians
Navioula aryptooephala
Nitzschia aeioulccris
Nitzschia palea
Osailla-bovia ohlovina
Oacillakoria lime^a
Oaoillatovia pri-naepe
Oscillatoria putvida
Oscillator-La tenu-ie
Pandowina morion
Seenedesmus quadrioauda
Stigeoolonvum tenue
Synedra ulna
2
2
2
\
6
i
2
\
\
5
2
4
1
\
4
3
4
3
3
-------
In analyzing a water sample, any of the 20 genera or species of
algae present in concentrations of 50 per milliliter or more are
recorded. The pollution index numbers of the algae present are
totaled, providing a genus score and a species score. Palmer
determined that a score of 20 or more for either index can be taken as
evidence of high organic pollution, while a score of 15 to 19 is taken
as probable evidence of high organic pollution. Lower figures suggest
that the organic pollution of the sample is not high, that the sample
is not representative, or that some substance or factor interfering
with algal persistence is present and active.
SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES
"Information content" of biological samples is being used
commonly by biologists as a measure of diversity. Diversity in this
connection means the degree of uncertainty attached to the specific
identity of any randomly selected individual. The greater the number
of taxa and the more equal their proportions, the greater the
uncertainty, and hence, the diversity (Pielou 1966). There are
several methods of measuring diversity, e.g., the formulas given by
Brillouin (1962) and Shannon and Weaver (1963). The method which is
appropriate depends on the type of biological sample on hand.
Pielou (1966) classifies the types of biological samples and
gives the measure of diversity appropriate for each type. The Survey
phytoplankton samples are what she classifies as larger samples
(collections in Pielou's terminology) from which random subsamples can
be drawn. According to Pielou, the average diversity per individual
for these types of samples can be estimated from the Shannon-Wiener
formula (Shannon and Weaver 1963):
S
H = -Z P, logY P.
1=1 1 x 1
Where P is the proportion of the ith taxon in the sample, which is cal-
culated from n./N; n. is the number of individuals per milliliter of the
ith taxon; N is the total number of individuals per ml; and S is the total
number of taxa.
However, Basharin (1959) and Pielou (1966) have pointed out that
H calculated from the subsample is a biased estimator of the sample H,
and if this bias is to be accounted for, we must know the total num-
ber of taxa present in the sample since the magnitude of this bias
depends on it.
Pielou (1966) suggests that if the number of taxa in the
subsample falls only slightly short of the number in the larger
sample, no appreciable error will result in considering S, estimated
-------
from the subsample, as being equal to the sample value. Even though
considerable effort was made to find and identify all taxa, the Survey
samples undoubtedly contain a fair number of rare phytop'lankton taxa
which were not encountered.
In the Shannon-Wiener formula, an increase in the number of taxa
and/or an increase in the evenness of the distribution of individuals
among taxa will increase the average diversity per individual from its
minimal value of zero. Sager and Hasler (1969) found that the
richness of taxa was of minor importance in determination of average
diversity per individual for phytoplankton and they concluded that
phytoplankton taxa in excess of the 10 to 15 most abundant ones have
little effect on H, which was verified by our own calculations. Our
counts are in number per milliliter and since logarithms to the base
2 were used in our calculations, H is expressed in units of bits per
individual. When individuals of a taxon were so rare that they were
not counted, a value of 1/130 per milliliter or 0.008 per milliliter
was used in the calculations since at least one individual of the
taxon must have been present in the collection.
A Survey sample for a given lake represents a composite of all
phytoplankton collected at different sampling sites on a lake during a
given sampling period. Since the number of samples (M) making up a
composite is a function of both the complexity of the lake sampled and
its size, it should affect the richness-of-taxa component of the
diversity of our phytoplankton collections. The maximum diversity
(MaxH) (i.e., when the individuals are distributed among the taxa as
evenly as possible) was estimated from Iog2 S, the total diversity (D)
was calculated from HN, and the evenness component of diversity (J)
was estimated from H/MaxH (Pielou 1966). Also given in the Appendix
are L (the mean number of individuals per taxa per milliliter) and K
(the number of individuals per milliliter of the most abundant taxon
in the sample).
Zand (1976) suggests that diversity indices be expressed in units
of "sits", i.e., in logarithms to base S (where S is the total number
of taxa in the sample) instead of in "bits", i.e., in logarithms to
base 2. Zand points out that the diversity index in sits per
individual is a normalized number ranging from 1 for the most evenly
distributed samples to 0 for the least evenly distributed samples.
Also, it can be used to compare different samples, independent of the
number of taxa in each. The diversity in bits per individual should
not be used in direct comparisons involving various samples which
have different numbers of species. Since MaxH equals log S, the ex-
pression in sits is equal to log<- S, or 1. Therefore diversity in sits
per individual is numerically equivalent to J, the evenness component
for the Shannon-Wiener formula.
8
-------
SPECIES OCCURRENCE AND ABUNDANCE
The alphabetic phytoplankton species list for each lake,
presented in the Appendix, gives the concentrations of individual
species by sampling date. Concentrations are in cells, colonies, or
filaments (CEL, COL, FIL) per milliliter. An "X" after a species name
indicates the presence of the species on that date in such a low
concentration that it did not show up in the count. A blank space
indicates that the organism was not found in the sample collected on
that date. Column S is used to designate the examiner's subjective
opinion of the five dominant taxa in a sample, based upon relative
size and concentration of the organism. The percent column (%C)
presents, by abundance, the percentage composition of each taxon.
-------
LITERATURE CITED
Basharin, G. P. 1959. On a statistical estimate for the entrophy of a
sequence of independent random variables, pp. 333-336. In N.
Artin (ed.), Theory of Probability and Its Appli~a:ions
(translation of "Teoriya Veroyatnosei i ee Pr&nk..ieniya") 4.
Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Philadelphia.
Brillouin, L. 1962. Science and Information Theory (2nd ed.).
Academic Press, New York. 351 pp.
Hutchinson, G. E. 1967. A Treatise on Limnology. II. Introduction
to Lake Biology and the Limnoplankton. John Wiley and Sons,
Inc., New York. 1,115 pp.
Nygaard, G. 1949. Hydrobiological studies of some Danish ponds and
lakes. II. (K danske Vidensk. Selsk.) Biol. Sci. 7:293.
Palmer, C. M. 1969. A composite rating of algae tolerating organic
pollution. J. Phycol. 5:78-82.
Pielou, E. C. 1966. The measurement of diversity in different types
of biological collections. J. Theor. Biol. 13:131-144.
Prescott, G. W. 1970. How to Know the Freshwater Algae. William C.
Brown Company, Dubuque. 348 pp.
Sager, P. E. and A. D. Hasler. 1969. Species diversity in laucustrine
phytoplankton. I. The components of the index of diversity from
Shannon's formula. Amer. Natur. 103(929):51-59.
Shannon, C. E. and W. Weaver. 1963. The Mathematical Theory of
Communication. University of Illinois Press, Urbana. 117 pp.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1975. National Eutrophication
Survey Methods 1973-1976. Working Paper No. 175. Environmental
Monitoring and Support Laboratory. Las Vegas, Nevada, and
Corvallis Environmental Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon.
91 pp.
land, S. M. 1976. Indexes associated with information theory in water
quality. Journal WPCF. 48(8):2026-2031.
10
-------
APPENDIX. SUMMARY OF PHYTOPLANKTON DATA
This appendix was generated by computer. Because it was only
possible to use upper case letters in the printout, all scientific
names are printed in upper case and are not italicized.
The alphabetic phytoplankton lists include taxa without species
names (e.g., EUNOTIA, EUNOTIA #1, EUNOTIA ?, FLAGELLATE, FLAGELLATES,
MICROSYSTIS INCERTA ?, CHLOROPHYTAN COCCOID CELLED COLONY). When
species determinations were not possible, symbols or descriptive
phrases were used to separate taxa for enumeration purposes. Each
name on a list, however, represents a unique species different from
any other name on the same list, unless otherwise noted, for counting
purposes.
Numbers were used to separate unidentified species of the same
genus. A generic name listed alone is also a unique species. A
question mark (?) is placed immediately after the portion of a name
which was assigned with uncertainty. Numbered, questioned, or otherwise
designated taxa were established on a lake-by-lake basis; therefore
NAVICULA #2 from lake A cannot be compared to NAVICULA #2 from lake
B. Pluralized categories (e.g., FLAGELLATES, CENTRIC DIATOMS, SPP.)
were used for counting purposes when taxa could not be properly
differentiated on the counting chamber.
11
-------
LAKE NAPE: CLAYTOF LAKE
STCRET NUMBER: 5103
NYGAARD TROPHIC STATE INDICES
DATE 07 16 73 09 27 73
MYXOPHYCEAN
CHLOBOPHYCEAN
EUGLENOPHYT6
DIATOM
COMPOUND
0.80 E
3.80 E
0.04 7
0.33 E
5.40 E
3.00 P.
4.00 E
0.07 ?
0.15 ?
8.50 E
PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES
DATE 07 16 73 09 27 73
GENUS
SPECIES
00
02
00
SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES
DATE 07 16 73 09 27 73
AVERAGE DIVERSITY
NUMBER OF TAXA
NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED
MAXIMUM OIVERSITY MAXH
TOTAL DIVERSITY
TOTAL NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/ML
EVENESS COMPONENT
MEAN NUMBER OF INOIVIDUALS/TAXA
NUMBER/ML OF MOST ABU^D\NT TAXON
H
S
M
;H
0
N
J
L
K
3.44
43.00
4.00
5.43
6216.08
1807.00
0.63
42.02
490.00
3.06
37.00
4.00
5.21
5829.30
1905.00
0.59
51.49
545.00
-------
LAKE NfME: CLAYTOR LAKE
STORE? NUMBzK: 5103
CONTINUED
07 16 73
09 27 73
TAXA
ACHNANTHES
ACHNANTHSS LANCEOLATA
V. DUB IA
ACTINASTRUM GRACILIMUM
ACTINASTRUM HANTZSCHII ?
ANABAENA «1
ANABAENA #2
ANKISTRODESMUS
APHANIZOMENON ?
CENTRIC DIATOM
CLOSTERIUM
COCCCNEIS
COCCCNEIS PLACENTULA
V. EUGLYPTA
COELASTPUM RETICULATUM
COELASTRUM SPHAERICUM
COSMARIUM
CYMBELLA
CYMBELLA AFFINIS 7
DACTYLOCOCCOPSIS
DINOFLAGELLATE
cJDORINA fcLEGANS
EUGLENA
FLAGELLATf #1
FLAGELLATE »2
FLAGELLATES
F^AGILAPIA CFOTONENSIS
F^AGILAFIA CPOTONENSIS 7
GOMPHONEMA
GYPOSIGMA
MALLCMCMAS
MfcLOSIRA GRANULAT*
V. ANGUSTliSIMA
FORM
C£L
CEL
COL
COL
' FIL
FIL
CtL
FIL
CEL
C£L
CEL
CEL
COL
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
C£L
crL
CEL
CEL
CEL
S
5
1
2
1C
5.1
5.1
3.4
'
27.1
16.9
5.1
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
X
X
92
92
X
X
61
X
X
X
X
X
490
306
92
S
2
5
1
4
*C
14.3
1.7
0.8
5.0
0.8
o.a
1.7
28.6
13.4
13.4
ALGAL
UNITS
PfcR ML
X
X
X
X
272
32
X
X
16
X
X
96
16
1 16
1 32
545
256
256
X
X
X
X
-------
LAKE MME: CLAYTOS LAKE
STCRET NUM36F: 5103
CONTINUED
07 16 73
09 27 73
TAXA
MELOSIRA VARIANS
MEMS MOPED IA
MICRCCYSTIS
MICPOCYSTIS INCERTA
NAVICULA
NAVICULA *1
NAVICULA #2
NITZSCHIA
OSCILLATORIA LIMNETICA
PEDIASTRUM DUPLEX
V. RETICULATUM
PEOIASTkUM SIMPLEX
V. DUODENARIUM
PFDIASTRUM TETRAS
V. tETRAODON
SCENEOESMUS #1
SCENEOESMUS *2
SCENEDESMUS ABUNDANS
SCENEDESMUS ARHATUS ?
V. BICAUDATLS
SCENEOESMUS BIJUGA
SCENEDESMUS BIJUGA
V. ALTFRNANS
SCENEDESMUS CENTICULATUS
SCENEDESMUS OENTICULATUS
V. LINEARIS
SCENEDESMUS DIMORPHUS
SCENcDfcSMUS INTFRMEDIUS
SCENEDLSMUS INTERMfDIUS
V. BICAUDATUS
SCENEO£SMUS CPOLIF.NSIS
SC6NFDESKUS FROTUBERANS
FORM
CEL
COL
COL
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
FIL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
S
ZC
3.4
3.4
1.7
1.7
5.1
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
X
X
X
X
X
61
X
X
X
X
61
X
X
31
X
31
X
X
92
S
?C
0.8
0.8
1.7
0.8
0.8
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
X
16
16
X
32
X
X
, '
16
16
X
-------
LAKE NAME: CLAYTOP LAKE
STPReT NUMBER: 5103
CONTINUED
cn
07 16 73
09 27 73
TAXA
STAURASTRUM *1
STAURASTRUM #2
STAURASTRUM #3
STAURASTRUM «4
STEPhANODISCUS
SYNEDRA ?
SYNEDRA #2
SYNECRA DELICATI5SIMA
SYNtORA RADIANS
SYNEDRA RADIANS ?
SYNEDRA ULNA
V. OXYRHYNCHUS F. MEDIOCONTRACTA
TETRAEDRCN MNIMUM
TETRAEDPON MINIMUM
V. SCROBICOLATUM
TETRAEDPDN REGULARE
V. INCUS
FORM
CEL
CEL
C6L
C2L
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CcL
CEL
CEL
S
*
3
*C
5.1
5.1
5.1
6.8
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
X
X
X
92
92
92
X
122
X
S
3
*C
13.4
0.8
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
X
X
X
256
16
TOTAL
1807
1905
-------
LAKE N*KE: JOHN W. FLANNAGA^ DAM
STORET NUMBER: 5105
NYGAARD TROPHIC STATE INDICES
DATE 04 05 73 07 18 73 09 27 73
MYXOPHYCEAN
CHLOROPHYCcAN
EUGLENOPHYTE
DIATOM
COMPOUND
01/0 E
0/0 0
1.00 E
0/04 ?
02/0 E
0/01 0
1.00 E
0/01 ?
0.50 E
2.00 E
0/02 0
1.50 F
0.33 E
1.00 E
4.00 E
PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES
DATE 04 05 73 07 18 73 09 27 73
GENUS
SPECIES
00
00
00
00
03
00
SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICE
DATE 04 05 73 07 18 73 09 27 73
AVERAGE DIVERSITY
NUMBER OF TAXA
NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED
MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH
TOTAL DIVERSITY
TOTAL NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/ML
EVENESS COMPONENT
MEAN NUMBER OF INDIVIOUALS/TAXA
NUMBEP/ML OF MOST ABUMDANT TAXON
H
S
M
:H
D
N
J
L
K
1.61
9.00
4.00
3.17
1051.33
653.00
0.51
72.56
348.00
1.80
10.00
3.00
3.32
3718.83
2066.00
0.54
206.60
1287.00
2.17
18.00
4.00
4.17
51-08.18
2354.00
0.52
130.78
1224.00
-------
LAKE NAME: JCHN W. FLANNAGAN CAM
STORET NUMBER: 5105
:CNTINUEO
04 05 73
07 18 73
09 27 73
TAXA
ACHNANTHES MICROCEPHALA 7
ASTERICNELLA FORMOSA
CtNTRIC DIATCM
CLOSTERIUM
COELASTPUM RETICULATUM
CYCLOTF.LLA
DINCBRYON DIVERGENS
DINOFLAGELLATE
DINOFLAGELLATE #1
EUGLENA
FLAGELLATES
MALLOMONAS
MELOSIRA
NITZSCHIA
OOCYSTIS
OSCILLATORIA LIMNETICA
PENNATF OIATCM
PERIDINIUM WISCONSINENSE
SCENEOESMUS CIMORPHUS
STAURASTRUM
STEPhANODISCUS
SYNEDRA
SYNcDRA #1
SYNE.DRA #2
SYNEDRA #3
TETRAHOF.ON MINIMUM
V. SCR08ICULATUM
TOTAL
FORM
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
C£L
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
FIL
CEL
C5L
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CFL
CEL
ALGiL
UNITS
S %C PER ML
2
3
1
4
5
33.4
8.0
53.3
1.4
2.6
1.4
218
52
X
348
X
9
17
X
9
ALGAL
UNITS
S SC PER ML
5
2
1
3
4
0.9
5.3
62.3
1.7
14.9
10.6
1.7
18
109
X
1287
36
X
308
218
36
2.61 54
ALGAL
UNITS
S «C P£K ML
1
5
2
4
3
1.01 23
2.9
1.0
1.0
1.0
52.0
2.9
24.5
2.9
0.5
3.4
6.9
69
23
23
23
1224
X
69
X
577
X
69
11
81
X
X
X
162
653 2066 2:) 54
-------
LAKE NAME: JCHN H. KERR RES.
5TORET NUMBEP: 5106
NYGAARD TROPHIC STATE INDICES
DATE 03 23 73 07 13 73 09 26 73
MYXOPHYCrAN
CHLOROPHYCEAN
eUGLENOPHYTE
DIATOM
COMPOUND
02/0 E
0/0 0
0.50 E
0.42 E
08/0 E
2.50 E
4.25 E
0.11 ?
0.55 E
9.00 E
3.50 E
5.50 E
0.22 E
0.71 E
13.5 E
PAMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES
DATE 03 23 73 07 13 73 09 26 73
00
GENUS
SPECIES
01
00
00
15
00
SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES
DATE
AVfcPAGE DIVERSITY
NUMBER OF TAXA
NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED
MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH
TOTAL DIVERSITY
TOTAL NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/ML
EVEMESS COMPONENT
MEAN NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/TAXA
NUMBcP/ML OF MOST ABUNDANT TAXUN
03 23 73 07 13 73 09 26 73
H
S
M
:H
0
N
J
L
K
2.20
22.00
9.00
4.46
3036.00
1380.00
0.49
62.73
790.00
3.71
56.00
6.00
5.81
14294.63
3853.00
0.64
68.80
931.00
3.49
40.00
6.00
5.32
24503.29
7021.00
0.66
175.53
1523.00
-------
LAKE NAME: JCHN H. KERR RES.
STORE! NUMBER: 5106
CONTINUED
03 23 73
07 13 73
09 26 73
TAXA
ACHNANTHES LANCEOLATA
V. OUBIA
ACHNANTHES HICROCEPHALA ?
ANABAENA
ANABAENA 1*1
ANABAENA #2
APHANIZOMENON ?
ASTERIONELLA FORMOSA
CENTRIC DIATCM
CERATIUM HIRUNDINELLA
CLOSTERIOPSIS
COCCCNEIS
COCCCNEIS FLACENTULA
V. EUGLYPTA
COELASTRUM SPHAERICUM
COSCINODISCIS
COSMARIUM
CYCLOTELLA STELLIGERA
CYMBELLA Ml
CYMBELLA #2
OACTYLOCOCCOPSIS
DIATOMA
OINGBRYON
DINOFLAGELLATE
OINOFLAGELLATES
EUASTRUK
EUGLENA
EUGLENA *1
EUGLfcNA ttt
EJGLFNA #3
F.UNCTIA
FLAGELLATE #1
FORM
CEL
CEL
FIL
FIL
FIL
FIL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
C5L
C = L
CtL
CEL
CEL
CEL
S
5
2
zc
2.1
2.1
8.3
12.5
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
X
29
29
X
X
X
X
115
X
X
X
172
S
5
XC
1
5.21
1
3.7
5.8
1
1.0
1.01
0.5
3.7
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
202
142
X
X
223
X
40
40
20
X
142
X
X
X
X
X
S
3
*C
2.8
8.0
0.4
3.6
1.2
0.4
0.4
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
197
X
564
X
28
X
X
254
85
28
2d
X
X
-------
LAKE NAME: JCHN H. KERR RES.
STORET NUMBEP: 5106
CONTINUED
ro
o
03 23 73
07 13 73
09 26 73
TAXA
FLAGELLATE #2
FLAGELLATES
FRAGILARIA CROTONENSIS
FRANCEIA
GOMPHONEMA
GYROSIGMA ?
HANTZSCHIA
LAGERhEIMJA hRATISLAVIENSIS
LYNGBYA
LYNGBYA LIMNETICA
HELOSIfA
MELOSIRA DISTANS
MELOSIRA GR/NULATA
V. ANGU'StiSSIMA
MELOSIRA ITALICA
V, TENUISSIMA
McLOSIRA VARIANS
MERISPOPEDIA TENUISSIMA
MICROCYSTIS INCERTA
NAVICULA
NAVICULA *1
NAVICULA #2
NITZSCHIA
NITZSCHIA #1
NITZSChIA ACICULARIS
OSCILLATORIA
OSCILLAJORIA GEMINATA
OSCILLATCRIA LIMNETICA
PANDORINA MCPUM
PEDIASTPUM 8IRADIATUM
V. LONGECCPNUTUM
PEDIASTPUK DUPLEX
V. RETICULATUM
FORM
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
FIL
FIL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
COL
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
FIL
FIL
FIL
COL
COL
COL
ALGAL
UNITS
S *C PER ML
3| 5.21 72
1
57.2
2.1
2.1
X
790
X
X
29
29
ALGAL
UNITS
S *C PER ML
1
2112.41 479
1
24.2
1.0
1.0
2.1
0.5
2.6
1.0
X
X
X
931
40
X
X
40
81
20
101
X
40
X
X
ALGAL
UNITS
S SC PE* ML
1121.7
5
0.4
4.0
2.4
4.4
0.8
0.4
2.0
3.6
3.4
1523
28
X
X
282
169
310
X
X
5e>
X
28
141
254
X
28
-------
LAKF NAME: JOHN H. KERR RES.
STORET NUMBER: 5106
CONTINUED
03 23 73
07 13 73
09 26 73
TAXA
PEDIASTRUM SIMPLEX
V. DUODENARIUM
PENMATE DIATCMS
PHACUS ACUMINATUS
RAPHIDIOPS1S
RHIZOSOLENIA LONGISETA
SCENEDESMUS
SCENEDESMUS *1
SCENEDESMUS #2
SCENEDESMUS #3
SCfcNEDESMUS *4
SCENEDESMUS *5
SCPNEOtSMUS #6
SCENEDESMUS A8UNDANS
SCENEDESMUS ACUTUS
SCENEDESMUS DENTICULATUS
SCENEDESMUS CPCLIENSIS
SCENEDESMUS CFOLIENSIS ?
SCENEDESMUS PROTUBERANS 7
SCENEDESMU.S QUADRICAUDA
SCHROEDERIA
STAURASTRUM #1
STAURASTRUM #2
STEPHANODISCUS
SURIRELLA
SYNEDRA #1
SYNEDRA #2
SYNEORA ACUS ?
TABELLAPIA
TPTRAEDPON
TtTRAtDRON MINIMUM
V. SCROBICULATUM
FORM
COL
CEL
CEL
FIL
CEL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
CSL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
ALGAL
UNITS
S %C PER ML
4
3.1
5.2
43
72
X
ALGAL
UNITS
S XC PER ML
4
3
1
1
9.4| 364
1
1
0.51 20
1.0) 40
1 X
0.5| 20
1 X
1 X
1 X
1 X
a. 5| 20
1
1
1
0.51 20
1 X
1 X
1.01 40
0.51 20
1 X
1
1 x
15.81 607
1.6| 61
1
1 X
0.51 20
1
1.0| 40
ALGAL
UNITS
S %C PER ML
2
*
0.4
21.7
0.4
0.4
0.8
1.2
3.2
.
14.9
28
X
1523
X
26
28
56
85
226
1044
X
-------
UKE NAME: JCHN H. KERR RES.
STORcT NUMBER: 5106
CONTINUED
03 23 73
07 13 73
09 26 73
TAXA
TRACHELOMONAS #1
TRAOELOMON4S #2
TOTAL
FORM
CEL
1
1
IS
1 1
1 1
ALGAL
UNITS
*C PER
1
1
ML
1
1
IS
1 1 0
1 1 0
ALGAL 1
UNITS
*C
.51
.51
PER
ML
20
20
1
IS
1 1
1 1
ALGAL
UNITS
?C PE*
1
1
ML
1
1
1
|
1
1380
3853
7021
ro
-------
LAKE NAME: GCCOCUAN R5S.
STORET NUMBER: sios
NYGAARD TROPHIC STATE INDICES
DATE 04 10 73 07 19 73 09 29 73
MYXOPHYCEAN
CHLOROPHYCHAN
fiUGLENOPHYTF
DIATOM
COMPOUND
0/0 C
01/0 E
0/01 ?
0.29 ?
03/0 E
1.00 E
5.50 E
0.38 E
0.43 E
10.5 E
1.50 E
2.50 E
0.25 E
4.00 E
6.00 F
ro
CO
PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES
DATE 04 10 73 07 19 73 09 29 73
GENUS
SPECIES
03
00
09
03
07
00
SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES
DATE 04 10 73 07 19 73 09 29 73
AVERAGE DIVERSITY
NUMBER OF TAXA
NLMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED
MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH
TOTAL DIVERSITY
TOTAL NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/ML
EVENESS COMPONENT
MSAN NUMBER OF INDIV1DUALS/TAXA
OF MOST ABUNDANT TAXON
H
S
M
;H
D
N
J
L
K
1.56
12.00
3.00
3.58
3485.04
2234.00
0.44
186.17
1529.00
2.93
33.00
3.00
5.04
10852.72
3704.00
0.58
112.24
1541.00
1.62
33.00
3.00
5.04
7695.00
4750.00
0.32
143.94
3301.00
-------
LAKE NAM5: CCCCQUAN RES.
STPRET NUMB3P: 5108
CONTINUED
04 10 73
07 19 73
09 29 73
TAXA
ANABAENA
ANKI STRODESMUS
ANKISTROOESMLS FALCATUS
APHANIZOMENON
ASTERIONELLA FORMOSA
CENTRIC DIATCM
CERATIUH HIRUNDINELLA
CHRYSOCOCCLS
CLOSTERIUM #1
CLCSTEPIUM *2
COELASTRUM RETICULATUM
C3ELASTRUM SPHAERICUM
COELOSPHAERILM NAEGELIANUM
COSMARIUM
CRUCIGENIA AFICULATA
OICTYOSPHAERIUM PULCHELLUM
DINOBRYCN DIVERGENS
EUOORINA
EUGLENA
fcUGLENA #1
FLAGELLATES
FRAGILARIA ?
FRAGILARIA CFOTONENSIS
GYROSIGMA
KIRCHNFRIELLA
HELOSIRA #2
MELOSIRA DISTANS
MELOSIRA GRANULATA
V. ANGUSTISSIMA
MELOSIRA VARIANS
MICRGCYSTIS AERUGINOSA
MICFCCYSTIS INCERTA
FORM
F1L
CEL
CEL
FIL
CEL
C = L
CEL
COL
CEL
CEL
COL
COL
COL
CcL
COL
COL
CEL
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
COL
COL
S
1
3
5
4
*C
0.6
68.4
11.5
0.6
3.6
1.8
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
14
1529
X
257
14
81
41
S
1
3
2
?C
0.9
3.5
1.8
41.6
1.8
0.9
13.3
11.5
4.4
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
33
131
66
X
1541
66
X
X
33
492
X
426
X
164
•
X
X
X
S
5
2
4
1
-------
LAKE NAME: CCCOQUAN RES,
STORE! NUMBED: 5108
:ONTINUED
ro
in
10 73
07 19 73
09 29 73
TAXA
NAVICULA
NAVICULA #1
N1TZSCHIA
OSCILLATCRIA #1
OSCILLATCRIA #2
PANDORINA MORUM
PEDIASTRUM SIMPLEX
V. 7
PEDIASTRUM TETRAS
V. TETRAODCN
PHACUS ACUMINATUS
PHACUS TORTOS
SCENEDESMUS #2
SCENEDESMUS #3
SCENEDESMUS #4
SCENEDESMUS ABUNDANS
SCENEDESMUS INTERMEDIUS
V. BICAUDATUS
STAURASTRUM #1
STAURASTRUM #2
STEPHANOCISCOS
SURIRELLA
SYNEDRA #1
SYNEDP.A DELICATISSIMA
TETRAEDRCN
TRACHELCMCNAS
TPEUBAfilA
FORM
CEL
CEL
CEL
FIL
FIL
COL
COL
COL
CEL
CEL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
S
2
?C
"576
0.6
12.1
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
14
X
X
14
270
S
4
5
«C
1
2.6
0.9
0.9
1.8
8.0
4.3
i.a
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
X
98
33
X
X
33
X
X
66
295
X
161
X
X
X
1 66
1
S
3
«C
2.4
0.6
0.6
0.6
1.2
0.6
0.6
iLGAL
U.4ITS
FE* ML
X
X
116
X
29
29
29
58
X
X
29
29
TOTAL
2234
3704
4759
-------
LAKE NAME: SMITH MT. LAKE
STORET NUMBER: 5110
NYGAARD TROPHIC STATE INDICES
DATE 04 04 73 07 16 73 09 26 73
MYXOPHYCEAN
CHLOROPHYCEAN
EUGLENOPHYTE
DIATOM
COMPOUND
01/0 E
02/0 E
0.33 E
0.33 c
06/0 E
3.50 6
4.00 C
0.07 ?
0.50 E
9.00 E
3.00 E
4.50 E
0.20 ?
0.33 E
10.0 E
PO
PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES
DATE 04 04 73 07 16 73 09 26 73
GENUS
SPECIES
08
03
13
00
07
00
SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES
DATE 04 04 73 07 16 73 09 26 73
AVERAGE DIVERSITY
NUMBER OF TAXA
NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED
MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH
TOTAL DIVERSITY
TOTAL NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/ML
EVENESS COMPONENT
ME/IN NUMBER OF INDIVIDJALS/TAXA
NUMBER/ML CF MOST ABUNDANT TAXON
H
S
M
;H
D
N
J
L
K
1.71
15.00
5.00
3.91
12814.74
7494.00
0.44
499.60
4329.00
2.63
27.00
5.00
4.75
49451.89
18803.00
0.55
696.41
7994.00
3.07
34.00
5.00
5.09
12454.99
4057.00
0.60
119.32
1325.00
-------
LAKE NAME: SMITH MT. LAKE
STORET. NUMBER: 5110
CONTINUED
PO
04 04 73
07 16 73
09 26 73
TAXA
ACHNANTHES #4
ACHNANTHES LANCEOLATA
V. DUB IA
ACHNANTHES MICROCEPHALA ?
ANKISTRODESMIS FALCATUS
APHANOTHECE ?
ASTERIONELLA FORMOSA
CERATIUM HIRUNDINELLA
CHP-CCCOCCUS
CLOST6RIUM
COELASTRUM PROBOSCIDEUM
COELASTRUM RETICULATUM
COELASTRUM SPHAERICUM
COSMARIUM
CRUCIGEMA APICULATA
C^UCIGENIA TETRAPEDIA
CYCLCTELLA STELLIGERA
DACTYLOCOCCOPSIS
OINOBRYON
DINOFLAGELLATE #1
DINOFLAGELLATE #2
EUGLENA
FLAGELLATES
FRAGILAPIA
FRAGILAKIA CROTONFNSIS
GOLFNKIMA
GQLENKINIA ?
GOMPHCNFMA
LYNGBYA LIMNFTICA
MALLCMGNAS
M:LOSIRA #2
McLQSIRA GRANULATA
V. ANGUSTISSIMA
FORM
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
COL
CEL
CEL
COL
C5L
COL
COL
COL
CEL
COL
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
C5L
CFL
CEL
FIL
CHL
CEL
CEL
ALGAL
UNITS
S %C PER ML
5
2
3
4.7
27.1
0.4
5.8
352
X
X
X
2029
27
433
ALGAL
UNITS
S *C PER ML
2
5
4
1
1 X
1
1
1 x
1
1
5.7| 1072
1
1
15.2) 2858
1
1
1 X
0.2| 45
1 X
1
1
3.81 714
1
1
1
1 x
1 X
7.8| 1474
1
1.7| 313
1
0.21 45
1
42.51 7994
1
1 X
1
1
ALGAL
UNITS
S 1C PER ML
5
1
3.5
0.7
0.7
11.8
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
32.7
0.7
141
X
X
X
28
28
479
28
28
28
28
1325
X
28
X
X
-------
LAKE NAME: SMITH MT. LAKE
STORE! NUMBER: 5110
CC,MT!NU =
INJ
00
TAXA
MERISMGPEOIA TENUISSIMA
MICROCYSTIS INCSRTA
NAVICULA
NITZSCHIA
OOCYSTIS
OSCILLATORIA
OSCILLATORIA LIMNETICA
PANDCRINA MCPUM
PcRIDINIUM
PHACUS ACUMINATUS
RAPHIDIOPSIS
RAPHIDIOPSIS CURVATA
RAPHIDICPSIS CURVATA ?
SCENEDESMUS
SCENEDESMJS DIMORPHUS
SCENEOESMUS CUADRICAUDA
STAURASTRUM TETRACERUM
STEPHANOOISCUS
SYNECRA #1
SYNEOR* DELICATISSIMA
SYNEORA DELICATISSIMA
V. ?
TETRAEDRON MINIMUM
V. SCROBICULATUM
TETRAEDPON TRIGCNUM
TRACHEt'OMONAS
TPEUBARIA TRIAPPENDICULATA
TOTAL
04 73
07 16 73
26 73
FORM
COL
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
F1L
FIL
COL
CEL
CEL
FIL
FIL
FIL
COL
COL
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
ALGAL
UNITS
S ?C PER ML
1
4
0.7
0.4
57.8
2.5
0.7
X
54
27
X
4329
189
X
54
ALGAL 1 ALGAL
UNITS
S *C PER ML
3
1.2
0.2
13.3
0.5
0.2
6.9
0.2
0.2
X
X
223
45
X
2501
89
45
X
1295
45'
45
UNITS
S *C PcP ML
2
3
4
13.2
0.7
1.4
13.9
0.7
10.4
4.9
0.7
0.7
Ov7
536
X
28
X
56
X
564
X
X
X
X
28
423
197
X
28
28
28
7494 18803 4057
-------
LAKE NAME: LAKE CHESDIN
STORET NUMBCP: 5111
NYGAARD TROPHIC STATE INDICES
DATE 04 07 73 07 13 73 09 26 73
MYXOPHYCEAN
CHLOROPHYCEAN
EUGLENOPHYTE
DIATOM
COMPOUND
03/0 £
03/0 E
0.50 E
0.28 7
14/0 E
4.50 e
4.00 E
0.41 5
0.43 E
13.5 E
1.00 E
1.33 E
0/07 ?
0.33 E
3.33 E
PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES
DATE 04 07 73 07 13 73 09 26 73
ro
10
GENUS
SPECIES
01
00
15
00
02
00
SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES
DATE 04 07 73 07 13 73 09 26 73
AVERAGE DIVERSITY
NUMBER OF TAXA
NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED
MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH
TOTAL DIVERSITY
TOTAL NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/ML
EVENESS COMPONENT
MEAN NUMBER OF INDIVIOUALS/TAXA
NUM6SR/ML HF MOST ABUNDANT TAXON
H
S
M
H
D
N
J
L
K
3.12
40.00
3.00
5.32
3550.56
1138.00
0.59
28.45
291.00
2.26
42.00
3.00
5.39
16197.42
7167.00
0.42
170.64
43d8.00
3.06
26.00
3.00
4.70
3157.92
1032.00
0.65
39.69
284.00
-------
UKF NAME: LAKt CHESCIN
STOPET NUMiJEK: 5111
CONTINUED
07 73
07 13 73
09 26 73
TAXA
ACHNANTHES LANC50LATA 7
ANABAENA
ANABAENA #1
ANABAENA PLANCTCNICA
ANKISTRODESMIS ?
AFHANUOMENCN ?
ASTERIONELLA FORMOSA
CAPARTOGRAMMA CRUCICULA
CERATIUM HIRCNDINELLA
CHLOROPHYTAN LUNATE CELL
CHROCCOCCUS
CLOSTERIUK
COCCOID COLONY
COELASTRUM CAMBR1CUM
CSUCIGENIA FENESTRATA
CYANCPHYTAN COLONY
CYANCPHYTAN FILAMENT
CYCLCTSLLA
CYCLOTELLA STELLIGERA
CYMBELLA TUMIDA
CYMBELLA VENTRICOSA
DACTYLOCOCCOPSIS
DINOBRYON BAVARICUM
DINOBRYCN DIVERGENS
DINCFLAGFLLATE #2
DINOFL^GELLATES
fcUASTRUM
cUPORlNA ELEGANS
6JGLENA
tJGL=NA #1
FJGLENA *2
eUGLENA #3
FORM
CEL
FIL
FIL
FIL
CEL
FIL
CEL
CSL
CEL
CEL
COL
CEL
COL
COL
COL
COL
FIL
CEL
CEL
CEL
C5L
CEL
CEL
C6L
CEL
CEL
CEL
COL
C6L
C£L
CSL
C3L
S
2
*C
6.4
7.5
1.1
1.1
20.2
1.1
1.1
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
X
X
73
85
12
X
12
X
X
X
X
230
12
X
12
S
2
3
ZC
8.8
0.9
2.6
0.9
7.5
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
631
63
189
X
X
X
63
X
537
X
X
X
X
X
S
1
3
%c
27.5
1.7
1.7
13.8
1.7
ALGAL
UNITS
PE1 ML
284
X
18
X
18
142
13
-------
LAKE NAME: LAKE CHbSDIN
STORET NUMBER: 5111
CONTINUED
04 07 73
07 13 73
09 26 73
TAXA
FLAGELLATES
F^AGILARIA
FRAGILARIA CPOTONENSIS
GLENODINIUM
GOMPHONEMA
GOMPHOSPHAERIA 7
GYROSIGMA
LEPOCINCLIS
LUNATE CELL
ME LOS IRA OISTANS
ME LOSIRA GRANULATA
V. ANGUSTIS5IMA
MELOSIRA VARIANS
MEMSMOPEDIA TENUISSIMA
MICROCYSTIS AERUGINOSA
MICRCCYSTIS INCERTA
MOUGEOTIA
NAVICULA #1
NAVICULA #2
NAVICULA #3
NAVICULA #4
NAVICULA CUSPIOATA
NAVICUL* HAMBERGII
NAVICULA INTEGRA
NAVICULA PUPULA
V. RFCTANGULA"US
NITZSCHIA
OSCILLATORI/S
OSCILLATCPIA ?
PANDOSINA MCRUM
PEDIASTRUM DUPLEX
V. RFTICULATUK
FORM
C-rL
CEL
C = L
CEL
CEL
COL
CEL
CCL
CEL
CfcL
CEL
CEL
COL
COL
COL
FIL
CEL
CEL
CSL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
FIL
FIL
COL
COL
ALGAL
UNITS
S %C PER ML
ALGAL
UNITS
S XC PER ML
1125.61 291 Kl 6.2
*
3
4.2
1.1
1.1
1.1
2.1
X
X
X
X
X
48
12
X
X
X
12
X
12
24
5
1
3.5
61.2
1.3
0.9
0.4
442
X
X
252
4388
95
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
63
32
X
ALGAL
UNITS
S
-------
LAKE NAME: LAKE CHESDIN
STORE! NUMBER: 5111
CONTINUED
CO
ro
04 07 73
07 13 73
09 26 73
TAXA
PENNATE D1ATCM
PENNATE DIATCMS
PHACOS ACUMINATUS
PHACUS HELIKCIDES
PINNULARIA
SC6NEDESMUS #1
SCENEOESMUS »2
SCENEDESMUS #3
SCENEDESMUS BIJUGA
SCENEDtSMUS INTERMEDIUS
SCHROEDERIA SETIGERA
STAURASTRUM
STAURASTRUM »2
STEPHAN001SCLS
SUPIRELLA
SYNEORA #2
SYNEORA PARASIT1CA ?
SYNEORA ULNA
SYNEORA VAUCI-ERIAE
TABELLARIA
TETRAEDRON MINIMUM
TETRAEDRGN MUTICUM
TFACHELOMONAS #1
TRACt-f-LCMONAS #2
FORM
CEL
CEL
CEL
C=L
CEL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
S
5
?C
9.6
1.1
16.0
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
109
X
12
X
162
X
X
X
X
X
S
%c
0.4
1.8
0.4
0.9
0.4
1.3
0.4
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
X
X
X
X
32
126
32
X
63
32
95
1 32
S
5
?C
6.9
1.7
3.5
1.7
ALGAL
UNITS
PE* ML
71
18
X
36
X
X
X
18
TOTAL
1138
7167
1332
-------
LAKE NAME: CHCKAHOMINY LAKE
STORE! \UMBSP: 5112
NYGAARD TROPHIC STATE INDICES
DATE 04 09 73 09 26 73
MYXOPHYCEAN
CHLOROPHYCEAN
EUGLENOPHYTE
DIATOM
COMPOUND
2.00 t
3.00 E
0.20 ?
0.33 E
10.0 E
1.75 E
4.25 E
0/2* ?
0.75 E
8.25 E
CO
CO
PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES
DATE 0* 09 73 09 26 73
GENUS
SPECIES
01
00
17
02
SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES
DATE
AVERAGE DIVERSITY
NUMBER OF TAXA
NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED
MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH
TOTAL DIVERSITY
TOTAL NUMBfcR OF INDIVIDUALS/ML
EVENESS COMPONENT
MF.AN NUMBER OF INDIVIOUALS/TAXA
MJM8bF/ML UF MOST ABJNCHNT Tft XON
09 73 09 26 73
H
S
M
;H
D
N
J
L
K
2.60
51.00
2.00
5.67
6750.80
2411.00
0.49
47.27
820.00
3.92
51.00
2.00
5.67
28776.72
7341.00
0.69
143.94
1657.00
-------
LAKf NAME: CHICKAHCMINY LAKc
STOP.ET NUM3Er: 5112
:CNTINUED
CO
J4 09 73
09 26 73
TAXA
ACHNANTHES LANCEOLATA
ACTINASTRUM HANTZSCHII
ANABAENA
ANABAENA *l
ANABAENA #2
ANKISTRODESMUS
APHANUGMENON 7
ATTHEYA
CLOSTERIOPSIS
CLOSTERIUM
COCCCNE1S
COELASTPUM MICPOPGRUM
CCSCINOOISCUS
COSMAR1UM ?
CRUCIGENIA TtTRAPbDIA
CYANOPHYTAN FILAMENT
CYCLOTELLA MENEGHINIANA
CYCLOTELLA STELLIGEPA
OACTYLOCOCCCPSIS
DINOBRYON
OIPLCNEIS *1
OIPLONEIS £LLIPTICA ?
KUASTRUM
EUNOTIA
EUNOTIA INCISA
FLAGBtLATE #1
FLAGELLATtS
F^/GILARIA CROTCNF.NSIS
FRUSTULIA
GLENCOINIUM
GQMPHnNcMA VI
GOMPHCNbMA #2
FORM
CEL
COL
F1L
FIL
FIL
CEL
FIL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
FIL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
C£L
CSL
CEL
ceL
ALGAL
UNITS
S ?C PER ML
5
2
0.5
0.5
0.9
10.7
34.0
0.9
0.5
X
X
X
11
11
X
X
22
X
258
X
X
X
X
X
320
X
X
22
11
X
ALGAL
UNITS
S *C PER ML
1
1.01 71
1
1.01 71
1 X
1.31 95
2.6| 189
2.3) 166
1.0
0.6
3.2
0.3
2.3
X
71
47
X
237
24
166
-------
LAKE NAME: CHICKAHOMINY LAKE
STORET NUMBcF: 5112
CO
cn
TAXA
GYMNODINIUM
GYRCSIGMA
GYROSIGMA MACRUM
hANTZSCHIA
LAGEPHEIMIA
LYNGBYA
MALLCMONAS
MELOSIRA #2
MELOSIRA #3
MELOSIRA #4
MELOSIRA BIMDEPANA
MELOSIRA DISTANS
MELOSIRA GRANULATA
V. ANGUSTISSIMA
MELOSIRA HERZOGII
MELOSIRA VA9IANS
MERISMOPEDIA TENUISSIMA
MICROCYSTIS INCERTA
MOUGEOTIA ?
NAVICULA #1
NAVICULA #2
NAVICULA #3
NAVICULA #4
NITZSCHIA #1
NITZSCHIA #2
NITZSCHIA *4
NITZSCHIA *5
NTTZSCHIA ACICULAP.IS
OSCILLATOPIA LIMNETICA
PSOIASTPUM BIRADI»TOM
V. LONGECCfiNUTUM
PEDIASTPUM CUPLFX
V. RETICUL4TUM
CONTINUED
04 09 73
09 26 73
FORM
CEL
CtL
CEL
CEL
CEL
FIL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
COL
COL
FIL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
FIL
COL
COL
ALGAL
UNITS
S SC PER ML
1
3
0.9
21.9
8. A
5.1
0.5
1.4
X
22
X
X
528
202
123
X
11
X
34
X
X
X
X
ALGAL
UNITS
S %C PEP ML
1
2
3
4
5
1
1 X
1 X
1
1 x
0.6| 47
1
15.8) 1160
1 X
22.61 1657
14.51 1065
1
1
1
5.21 379
1
1.31 95
3.51 260
4.81 355
1
0.3| 24
1.31 95
0.3 24
X
X
1.91 142
1
O.b) 47
1
0.61 47
-------
UKE NAME: CHICKAHOMINY LAKE
STCRET NUMBER: 5112
GO
cr>
TAXA
PEfNATE DIATCMS
PHACUS
PINNULAPIA 42
PINNULARIA BIHASTATA
PINNIJLARIA STOMATOPHORA
QUADRIGULA
RHOPALODIA
SCENEDESMUS #1
SCENEDESMUS #2
SCENEDESMUS ABUNCANS
SCENEDESMUS ACUMINATUS
V. 8ERNAPDII
SCENEDESfUS DIMORPHUS
SCENEDESMUS ECORNIS
V. OISCIFCPMIS
SCENEDESMUS INTERMEDIUS
SCHRQEDERIA SETIGERA
SELENASTRUM
STAURASTRUM #1
STAURASTRUM LEPTOCLADUM
V. CORNUTUM
STEPHANODISCLS
SURIRELLA
SYNEDRA
SYNECPA *1
SYNEDBA «2
TABELLARIA
TETPAEDFON
TfTRAiDFCN MINIMUM
V. SCROBICCLATUM
TETRAEDRCN RcGULARE
V. INCUS
;ONTINUED
09 73
09 26 73
FORM
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
C6L
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
S
4
?C
12.1
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
292
11
X
X
11
X
X
11
X
X
X
11
X
X
S
%c
0.3
1.3
0.3
0.6
0.3
0.3
4.5
0.3
0.3
1.3
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
X
24
X
95
24
47
X
24
24
X
331
24
24
95
X
X
X
-------
LAKE NAME: OICKAHOMINY LAKE
STORET NUMBSP: 5112
TAX A
TETRASTPUM HETEPACANTHUM
TRACHELOMCNAS INTERMEDIA
CONTINUED
04 09 73
09 26 73
FORM
COL
CEL
I ALGAL
1 UNITS
IS ZC PER ML
1 1 1
II 1 X
1
1
IS *C
1 1 1.31
1 1 1
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
95
1
1
1
1
1
CO
TOTAL
2411
7341
-------
UKS NAME: RIVANNA RES.
STORET NUMBER: 5113
NYGAAPD TROPHIC STATE INDICES
DATE 07 19 73 09 29 73
MYXOPHYCEAN
CHLQROPHYCEAN
EUGLENOPHYTE
DIATOM
COMPOUND
1.00 E
2.33 E
0.20 ?
0.25 ?
4.67 E
6.00 E
2.00 E
0/08 ?
05/0 E
13.0 E
CO
00
PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES
DATE 07 19 73 09 29 73
GENUS
SPPCIES
00
03
00
SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES
DATE 07 19 73 09 29 73
AVERAGE DIVERSITY
NUMBER OF TAXA
NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED
MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH
TOTAL DIVERSITY
TOTAL NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/ML
EVENESS COMPONENT
MEAN NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/TAXA
NUMBEF/ML OF MOST ABUNDANT TAXON
H
S
M
;H
D
N
J
L
K
2.79
27.00
3.00
4.75
1757.70
630.00
0.59
23.33
191.00
3.19
16.00
3.00
4.00
5209.27
1633.00
0.80
102.06
322.00
-------
LAKE NAME: RIVANNA RES.
STORET NUMBER: 5113
CO
10
TAXA
ANABAENA #1
ANABAENA #2
ANABAENA #3
ANKISTRODESMCS
APHANIZCMENCN ?
CERATIUM HIRUNDINELLA
COCCCNEIS
CDfcLASTRUM MICROPORUM
COELOSPHAERICM NAEGfcLIANUM
COSCINODISCOS
CYCLOTELLA STELLIGERA
CYMBELLA
CYMBELLA TUMICA
EJGLENA
FLAGELLATES
FRAGILARIA CROTONENSIS
MELOSIRA #2
MELOSIRA CISTANS
MELOSIRA GR/NULATA
V. ANGUSTISSIMA
MELOSIRA VARIANS
MICRCCYSTIS AERUGINDSA
NAVICULA
NAVICULA SALINARIUM
V. INTERMEDIA
OOCYSTIS
OSCILLATORIA
PPDIASTRUM CUPLEX
V. RETICULATUM
PHACUS ACOMINATUS
SC6NEDESMUS EIJUGA
V. JISCIFCPMS
:CNTINUED
07 19 73
09 29 73
FORM
FT[
FIL
FIL
CEL
FIL
CEL
CEL
COL
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
FIL
COL
CEL
COL
ALGAL
UNITS
S ?C PEP. ML
5
*
1
3
6.0
3.0
21.3
30.3
3.0
12.1
38
X
X
X
19
X
X
134
X
191
X
X
19
76
X
X
X
X
X
ALGAL
UNITS
S SC PER ML
1111.31 134
2111.31 184
4
5
3
4.21 69
X
X
1.41 23
1.4) 23
19.71 322
16.9
16.9
5.6
5.6
276
276
92
X
92
-------
LAKE NAME: RIVANN/5 RES.
NUMBER: 5113
:ONT!NUED
oo
01
i
07 19 73
09 29 73
TAXA
SCENEDESMUS DENTICULATUS
SCENEDESMUS CIMORPHUS
SPHAERELLOPSIS
STAURASTRUM #1
STAURASTPUM #2
STAURASTRUM #3
SURIRELLA
SYNEDRA ULNA
V. ?
TETRAEDRCN 6RAGILE
V. ?
TOTAL
FORM
COL
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
S
2
?C
3.0
3.0
15.2
3.0
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
19
19
96
19
X
X
X
X
630
S
*C
1.4
2.8
1.4
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
1
1 23
46
23
1633
-------
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
1. REPORT NO.
EPA-600/3-77-100
2.
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION-NO.
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
DISTRIBUTION OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN VIRGINIA LAKES
5. REPORT DATE
September 1977
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7. AUTHOR(S)
R.W. Thomas, M.K. Morris, L.R. Williams, W.D. Taylor,
F-A Hiatt. S r Horn
I. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
9. PERFORMING ORGAN fZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
Office of Research and Development
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Las Vegas, NV 89114
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
1BA608
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency - Las Vegas, NV
Office of Research and Development
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
Las Vegas, NV 89114
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
03-07-73 to 11-14-73
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
EPA/600/07
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
Previously released in limited distribution No.692 in the Working Paper Series
for the National Eutrophication Survey.
16. ABSTRACT
This is a data report presenting the species and abundance of phytoplankton
in the 8 lakes sampled by the National Eutrophication Survey in the State of
Virginia. Results from the calculation of several water quality indices are also
included (Nygaard's Trophic State Index, Palmer's Organic Pollution Index, and
species diversity and abundance indices).
17.
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
b.lDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
c. COSATI Field/Group
*aquatic microbiology
lake
*phytoplankton
water quality
Virginia
lake eutrophication
Nygaard's trophic indices
Palmer's organic pollutic
indices
Species diversity and
abundance indices
06 C
08 H
13 B
18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
RELEASE TO PUBLIC
9. SECURITY CLASS/
UNCLASSIFIED
21. NO. OF PAGES
48
20. SECURITY CLASS (Thispage)
UNCLASSIFIED
22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73)
------- |