EPA NOISE CONTROL
PROGRAM
PROGRESS TO DATE
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CD
March 1977
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20460
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EPA NOISE CONTROL
PROGRAM
PROGRESS TO DATE
March 1977
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20460
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CONTENTS
Page
INTRODUCTION iii
SECTION 4-FEDERAL PROGRAMS 5
SECTION 5-IDENTIFICATION OF MAJOR SOURCES OF NOISE,
NOISE CRITERIA, AND CONTROL TECHNOLOGY 8
SECTION 6-NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS FOR PRODUCTS
DISTRIBUTED IN COMMERCE 10
SECTION 7-AIRCRAFT NOISE STANDARDS 11
SECTION 8-PRODUCT LABELING 13
SECTION 14-RESEARCH, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND
PUBLIC INFORMATION 14
SECTION 15-LOW NOISE EMISSION PRODUCTS 16
SECTION 17-RAILROAD NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS 17
SECTION 18-MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS 17
STUDIES AND SPECIAL PROJECTS 18
ENFORCEMENT 18
INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES 19
MONITORING PROGRAM 20
EPA ORGANIZATIONAL CHARTS 23,24
NOISE DOCUMENTS 25
EPA REGIONAL NOISE REPRESENTATIVES 26
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INTRODUCTION
This booklet describes the progress EPA has made to date in accomplishing the man-
dated requirements of the Noise Control Act of 1972, which sets as its goal the promo-
tion of an environment for all Americans free from noise that jeopardizes their health and
welfare. Also included are EPA plans for future actions. The information is presented in
a section-by-section format for ease of reference.
Progress is described for only those sections of the Act requiring definite outputs or
major coordinating actions. Sections involving strictly administrative procedures are not
treated.
Included at the back of the booklet is a listing of all available EPA publications along
with the information necessary to obtain copies. Also, a mailing list application is included
as the centerfold. If you think you may require future EPA noise documents, tear the
form out carefully, fill it in and drop it in the mail.
One document that may be of particular interest is the National Noise Abatement
Strategy drafted by EPA as a guide to a coordinated national program utilizing the
talents and authorities of all segments of society to achieve a quieter America. For copies
of that document and for more specific program information write:
Office of Noise Abatement and Control (AW471)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20460
You may also contact the EPA Noise representative in your nearest EPA regional office.
A list of their names and addresses is provided.
Charles L. Elkins
Deputy Assistant Administrator for
Noise Control Programs
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SECTION 4-FEDERAL PROGRAMS
Federal Facility Compliance with State and Local Noise Laws
Under this Section of the Act, each Federal agency is required to comply with Federal,
State, interstate, and local noise control requirements.
EPA has taken actions to ensure such compliance on the part of Federal agencies. To
date, EPA has developed formal administrative guidelines and directives in the following
areas:
Project reporting by agencies
Inspection and monitoring of Federal facilities
Exemptions of Federal facilities.
EPA also reviews the efforts of other agencies to assure compliance. This portion of
EPA's responsibility is carried out under Executive Order 11752 and Office of Manage-
ment and Budget Circular A-106, which outline a management role for the Agency in
ensuring compliance with requirements concerning all forms of pollution at Federal
facilities.
Federal Noise Program Coordination
Section 4 of the Act also requires EPA to coordinate all Federal noise research and con-
trol programs.
The Agency's objectives in fulfilling its coordination role are to ensure that
Each Federal agency develops noise abatement policies and programs to the
fullest extent possible.
The policies and programs of Federal agencies operate in harmony with one
another.
In discharging this major coordinating responsibility, EPA has
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Established four interagency noise research panels, whose reports are listed
along with the other EPA publications. The panels have generated reports
that examined Federal RD&D activities during the FY73-FY75 period to deter-
mine the contribution of these efforts to the control of noise and understand-
ing of its effects. Research activities in the areas of noise effects, aircraft noise,
surface vehicle noise, and machinery noise were reported. The panels were
reactivated in 1976 to update the data base and to assess the contribution of
the on-going and planned RD&D programs to meeting the long range goals
of a national noise abatement and control program. A report on this subject
will be published in 1977.
Urged Federal agencies to adopt a uniform environmental noise descriptor
(Ldn/Leq)- The Department of Defense has officially adopted the descriptor
and is presently integrating it into its programs. The Federal Highway Ad-
ministration has adopted Leq as an alternate descriptor to LIQ. Disposition
of the issue with HUD awaits completion of a major study, although, in the
interim, HUD will accept Ldn as a descriptor for aircraft noise. A modifica-
tion to Ldn has been proposed by EPA to other agencies as an interim solution
for measuring blast noise pending further refinement.
Coordinated all EPA standard setting and rule making activities with other
Federal agencies having expertise in the product or the area being regulated or
that would be affected by the regulatory actions of EPA.
Provided technical assistance upon request to other agencies.
Consultations
Other Federal agencies are required to consult with EPA before prescribing noise regula-
tions. EPA may require public review of those regulations if the Agency determines the
regulations do not sufficiently protect public health and welfare.
EPA has assisted other agencies by acting as a central clearinghouse for information,
by lending equipment and by giving advice and consulation in developing effective noise
assessment requirements as part of their programs. In addition EPA personnel are avail-
able to provide assistance in assessing individual projects of other agencies.
EPA has reviewed and commented upon the policies and regulations of such Federal
agencies as DOT, HUD, DOC, and GSA. Regarding the pending decision on Federal
occupational noise standards, EPA has strongly stated its case for a more stringent occu-
pational noise standard than that proposed by OSHA (EPA 550/9-76-007).
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The Agency's strong public stand for a more stringent standard is based on the conclu-
sion, which was reached after extensive study of the standard proposed by OSHA, that
substantial impairment to hearing would be prevented by a stricter standard and that
such a standard is both technically feasible and economically reasonable.
Federal Status Report
As a major part of its coordination activity, EPA is required to report periodically on the
status and progress of Federal noise control activities. In June 1975, the Agency issued
the first of such comprehensive reports (550/9-75-023).
The 1975 report, which will be periodically updated, describes and discusses interrela-
tionships among the noise programs of 38 Federal agencies in the following areas:
standards and regulations, hearing conservation, noise abatement, and research, develop-
ment and demonstration.
EIS Review
As a major part of its noise control effort, EPA reviews Environmental Impact Statements
(EIS) submitted by other agencies. EIS review is carried out under the authority of the
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and Section 309 of the Clean Air Act.
NEPA requires agencies to prepare detailed statements of the environmental effects of
their proposed major actions. The scope of "proposed major actions" now includes
Federal funding, permitting, and regulating actions.
Pursuant to NEPA and to Section 309, EPA reviews about 1500 draft and 500 final
statements per year. Statements in which noise is a factor are reviewed primarily in the
EPA regional offices, with Headquarters providing guidelines, manuals, and technical
assistance as required. Although not required to do so by law, EPA prepares EISs on
certain of its own environmental regulatory activities, including noise emission regulations
under the Noise Control Act.
In making its noise evaluations of other agency EISs, the Agency utilizes EPA noise
criteria as well as standards of the agency preparing the EIS.
Interagency Agreements
EPA is receiving consulting and technical support in a number of program areas
(e.g., health effects, measurement, monitoring) through agreements with other Federal
agencies. EPA is currently working with the National Academy of Sciences Committee
on Hearing, Bioacoustics, and Biomechanics (CHABA), the USAF Aeromedical Research
Lab, the U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Lab, the National Bureau of
Standards, and the Department of Transportation.
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Special Project and Demonstration Program
In assisting Federal agencies to utilize their authority for noise control, EPA has
developed a two-part program for FY77 and FY78. The first part includes joint studies
with other agencies to identify and evaluate potential noise control methods that could
be incorporated in Federal projects. The second part is to demonstrate the feasibility and
effectiveness, including costs, of incorporating such measures in specific projects. Results
of such efforts will ultimately be incorporated in technical guides and manuals.
SECTION 5-IDENTIFICATION OF MAJOR SOURCES OF NOISE, NOISE CRITERIA,
AND CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
Criteria and Levels Documents
Under this Section of the Act, EPA is required to publish two major documents: the
"Criteria Document" and the "Levels Document."
The "Criteria Document" (EPA 550/9-73-002) represents an appraisal of available knowl-
edge relating to the health and welfare effects of noise.
The "Levels Document" (EPA 550/9-74-004) identifies levels of environmental noise
requisite to protect the public health and welfare with an adequate margin of safety. In
accordance with the Act, this document does not take economics and technology into
account. However, it does provide helpful guidance in evaluating the benefits to be gained
from noise abatement actions.
The agency is currently undertaking studies to supplement both of these major docu-
ments. These studies include work on: hearing loss, intrusive characteristics of noise,
and effects of noise on the cardiovascular system.
Major Sources Identification
EPA is further required to publish reports identifying major sources of noise and to pro-
vide information on controlling noise from those sources.
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Identification of a product as a major source of noise begins the 2-year regulatory process
culminating in a noise emission regulation for new products, under Section 6 of the Act.
The Agency has issued several separate identification documents. The first identification,
published June 21,1974, encompassed
Portable air compressors
Medium and heavy trucks
The second identification, published May 28,1975, encompassed
Wheel and crawler tractors (formerly wheel and track loaders, wheel and track
dozers)
Truck refrigerator units
Truck-mounted solid waste compactors
Motorcycles
Buses.
The third identification document, published on January 12, 1977, cited power lawn
mowers as major noise sources. The fourth identification document, identifying pavement
breakers and rock drills, was published on February 3,1977.
EPA now is conducting a number of pre-identification studies that will allow decisions to
be made on a phased basis concerning identification of additional major sources of noise.
Among the products now under study are automobiles and light trucks, tires, chainsaws,
air conditioners, and earth moving equipment.
Cost and Technology Reports
EPA has published several cost and technology reports, which are noted in the list of EPA
reports in the back of this brochure. As current programs move forward in the regulatory
process, more such documents will be made available. Topics covered by the documents
currently available are:
Snowmobiles
Lawn mowers
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Rail transit cars
Interstate motor carriers
Interstate rail carriers
Medium and heavy trucks
Portable air compressors.
SECTION 6-NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS FOR PRODUCTS DISTRIBUTED
IN COMMERCE
EPA is authorized under this Section of the Act to promulgate noise standards for any
products identified as major noise sources, which includes, but is not limited to, the
following categories:
Construction equipment
Transportation equipment
(including recreational vehicles and related equipment)
Motors and engines
(including any equipment of which an engine or motor is an integral part)
Electrical or electronic equipment.
In addition to health and welfare effects, these standards must take technological feasi-
bility and cost of compliance into account.
On January 14, 1976, the Agency published final regulations on newly manufactured
portable air compressors. These regulations will have the effect of eliminating such
compressors as a major source of construction site noise. The regulation, which sets a
maximum noise level of 76 dBA at 7 meters, becomes effective January 1, 1978 for
compressors with maximum rated capacity between 75 and 250 CFM, and July 1,1978
for units exceeding 250 CFM.
On April 13, 1976 the Agency published noise regulations for medium and heavy trucks.
These regulations will reduce the urban traffic noise impact for 97 million people. The
new standard, which sets a maximum rioise level of 83 dBA at 50 feet during maxi-
mum acceleration, becomes effective January 1, 1978. A maximum level of 80 dBA
becomes effective January 1,1982.
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EPA is currently moving forward with regulatory programs concerning all of the other
products identified as major sources under Section 5 of the Act (see list on page 9).
Proposed standards for all products except those most recently identified will be
published in the Federal Register in the spring of 1977.
Standards Development
The noise regulatory program strives to employ noise measurement methodologies, or
"standards," that are accurate and repeatable, that provide ease of enforcement for
EPA and that are cost-effective to the industries that must implement them. EPA policy
is to adopt feasible measurement standards developed by voluntary standard-setting
organizations and in general use. To this end, EPA's noise program has voting representa-
tion on the Acoustical Standards Planning Board of the American National Standards
Institute (ANSI), and representatives on numerous technical working groups of such
organizations as the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE).
EPA participates in the activities of voluntary standards setting organizations after receipt
of a formal request from the organization, and after determining that the organization's
activities are compatible with EPA requirements.
On occasion, noise standards developed by voluntary organizations do not meet EPA
noise regulatory requirements. In such cases EPA develops the requisite measurement
methodology, requesting cooperation from and participation of technical experts from
voluntary standards-setting and other organizations.
In early 1977, EPA initiated a program to evaluate alternative noise measurement
procedures for light motor vehicles and to arrive at a methodology best suited to its
regulatory purposes. This program is run hi an operational setting near Tuscon, Arizona,
where over 100 1977 model U.S. and foreign motor vehicles will be studied on a day-to-
day basis.
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SECTION 7-AIRCRAFT NOISE STANDARDS
Although aviation noise regulatory authority rests with the FAA, EPA is mandated to
play a significant role in the aviation regulatory process. Under Section 7 of the Act, EPA
is directed to prepare a comprehensive report on the problem of aircraft/airport noise and
to submit regulatory proposals to the FAA.
Although EPA has no direct regulatory role, the Agency's actions under this Section of
the Act do have a significant impact. The FAA is required to publish the EPA proposed
regulations in the Federal Register within 30 days of receipt. Within 60 days after publi-
cation, the FAA is required to hold public hearings.
After those hearings, the FAA must either accept the EPA proposals or state in the
Federal Register why the proposals were rejected.
If EPA believes that any FAA action regarding the EPA proposals does not adequately
protect the public health and welfare, the Agency can request the FAA to publish a
report in the Federal Register stating the basis behind any FAA decisions.
Report to Congress on Aircraft/Airport Noise
On July 27, 1973, EPA completed, as scheduled, the "Report to Congress on Aircraft/
Airport Noise" (Senate Document 93-8). The report presented findings and recom-
mendations in four major areas:
1. Adequacy of FAA flight and operational noise controls.
2. Adequacy of noise emission standards on new and existing aircraft, together
with recommendations on the retrofitting and phaseout of existing aircraft.
3. Implications of identifying and achieving levels of cumulative noise exposure
around airports.
4. Additional measures available to airport operators and local governments to
control aircraft noise.
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This report established the need for the submission of regulatory proposals by EPA to
theFAA.
Submission of Proposed Rules to FAA
The proposals identified as necessary for EPA submission to the FAA can be grouped
into three categories:
Source Regulations
SST - Submitted 27 February 1975 (Future SSTs) (40 FR 14093)*
SST - Submitted 13 January 1976 (Present SSTs) (41 FR 6270)
Propeller Driven Small Airplanes - Submitted 6 December 1974 (40 FR 1061)
Retrofit - Submitted 28 January 1975 (40 FR 8218)
Fleet Noise Level - Submitted 28 January 1975 (40 FR 8222)
Modify FAR PART 36 - Submitted 1 October 1976 (41 FR 47358)
Short Haul (Submission date indefinite)
Operational Regulations
Approach and Landing (3) - Submitted 29 August 1975 (40 FR 44256)
Minimum Altitude - Submitted 6 December 1974 (40 FR 1072)
Takeoff In preparation.
Airport Noise Regulatory Process - Submitted 22 October 1976 (41 FR
51522)
'Federal Register issue and page number.
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Hearings on all of the EPA proposals have been held. The FAA has accepted the EPA
proposals concerning reduced flap approach and landing and retrofit, except for some
minor provisions. The FAA has not yet taken any formal action on the EPA proposals
pertaining to: future SSTs, present SSTs, FAR PART 36, or airports. The FAA has issued
notices of decisions not to prescribe the EPA proposals pertaining to: propeller driven air-
planes, except for some minor provisions; fleet noise level; two-segment visual approach
and landing; two-segment instrument approach and landing; and minimum altitudes.
To assist in determining noise levels around airports, a prerequisite to compatible land use
planning, the Environmental Protection Agency has developed a simplified and objective
approach which is called the Airport Noise Evaluation Process. This process was designed
for use by individuals who do not have an in-depth background in aircraft acoustics. The
process utilizes information pertaining to airport operations and local demographic
characteristics. In most cases, the EPA process can be used without the need for com-
puters, using a workbook manual (Calculations of Day-Night Levels [Ldn] resulting
from Civil Aircraft Operations) which EPA has developed.
SST Activities
EPA provided technicians and equipment to monitor the noise emissions of the initial
Concorde 02 SST flights into Dulles International and Dallas, Fort Worth airports in
September of 1973. The results of that monitoring exercise were published and are
available (EPA 550/9-74-013).
In January 1976, EPA provided a detailed analysis of the issues associated with the appli-
cations of British Airways and Air France for Concorde SST flights to U.S. airports.
SECTION 8-PRODUCT LABELING
Under this Section, EPA is mandated to label any product
1. Emitting noise capable of adversely affecting the public health or welfare
2. Sold wholly or in part on the basis of its effectiveness in reducing noise.
A proposed rule to label hearing protectors will be published in 1977 along with general
provisions for all future labeling regulatory actions. Studies are currently underway for
the selection of household and other products warranting noise labeling consideration.
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SECTION 14-RESEARCH, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND PUBLIC
INFORMATION
This Section of the Act provides EPA with the authority to
Conduct and finance research
Advise on training of noise control personnel and on selection and operation of
noise abatement equipment
Develop improved methods of measuring and monitoring noise.
Prepare model State or local legislation for noise control
Disseminate information to the public.
Conduct and Finance Research
In the area of noise effects, studies are being initiated concerning:
Investigation of the effects of protracted noise exposure on blood pressure and
heart rate using Rhesus monkeys
Assessment of the relationship between annoyance and intrusiveness of noise
sources
Early detection of noise-induced hearing impairment
Individual and community response to noise in areas away from airports and
highways
Assessment of subjective loudness and annoyance.
RD&D programs have been initiated with Purdue University and with the U.S. Depart-
ment of Transportation. The Purdue program deals with identification- of truck noise
sources and engine enclosure investigations. The EPA/DOT program concerns develop-
ment of several "quiet" truck configurations. Both programs are in support of future
regulatory actions. Additional study programs may be identified as a result of the inter-
agency noise panel reviews (see Section 4).
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State and Local Technical Assistance
Assistance to State and local agencies is provided by both the headquarters staff and the
10 EPA regional offices, with the latter assuming the major role in this area. Efforts to
date have concentrated on encouraging the development of State and local noise control
programs to implement in-use and operational measures for immediate noise control
benefits and to complement EPA regulatory efforts. Examples of these activities range
from assisting the City of Philadelphia with planning and conducting a community noise
measurement program to working with the City of Kansas City on the development of a
noise ordinance and helping the State of Washington develop and implement a State
noise control program.
EPA also surveys and assesses State and municipal environmental noise programs. In
February 1975, EPA published "Noise Source Regulation in State and Local Noise
Ordinances" (550/9-75-020), summarizing laws and ordinances stipulating specific
decibel levels. In 1974, EPA surveyed 55 States and territories and 235 municipalities.
The results of this survey are contained in "State and Municipal Noise Control Activities
1973-1974" (EPA 550/9-76-006). The next survey, to be conducted in 1977, will include
a larger number of communities.
Advice on Training of Noise Control Personnel
EPA sponsors regional noise workshops to train State and local officials in all aspects of
environmental noise. These workshops are administered by the EPA regional noise
program personnel. EPA has conducted over 35 workshops in various locations through-
out the country, educating an estimated 1,500 persons.
To further assist State and local noise programs, EPA published Guidelines for Develop-
ing a Training Program in Noise Survey Techniques" (EPA 550/9-75-021) in July 1975.
Advice on Selection and Operation of Noise Abatement Equipment
EPA also advises State and local governments on types and uses of sound measurement
and analysis instruments. Sound level meters and other types of equipment are available
for loan to States and localities through the EPA regional noise offices. EPA also
evaluates instruments such as sound level meters and community noise monitoring sys-
tems.
Development of Improved Methods for Measuring and Monitoring Noise
EPA is developing a community noise monitoring and assessment manual. This manual
is designed to provide local community officials with uniform guidelines for the design
and implementation of a community monitoring program.
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Preparation of Model State and Local Legislation
Both a Model Community Noise Control Ordinance (EPA 550/9-76-003) and model
State noise control enabling legislation have been developed by EPA. The model State
law was developed in cooperation with the Council of State Governments and was
published by them in 1974. As a complement to the model community ordinance, EPA
is preparing a code of recommended practices concerning sound measurement equipment
and procedures.
Dissemination of Public Information
A major public information effort was launched in 1976 with the opening of an environ-
mental noise exhibit. The exhibit, designed to stimulate the audience's awareness of noise
and its effects, is now on permanent display in Chicago at the Museum of Science and
Industry.
The list of available EPA noise documents at the back of this publication attests to the
Agency's vigorous program of information dissemination. The list contains 91 EPA
entries and does not include several major documents in preparation as of this writing.
EPA plans to substantially increase its public information program in FY77 and FY78.
SECTION 15-LOW NOISE EMISSION PRODUCTS
On February 13, 1974, EPA issued certification procedures for low-noise emission prod-
ucts to be purchased by the Federal government. Since these procedures apply only to
products for which a new prod.uct regulation was issued under Section 6, no program
could be initiated prior to promulgation of the first new product regulation. EPA is now
implementing a comprehensive program concerning low-noise emission products.
In the spring of 1977, EPA will propose regulations implementing Section 15 of the Act
by establishing criteria for determining if a product will qualify as a low noise emission
product. Also being established are the specific LNEP levels for new medium and heavy
trucks and portable air compressors, products that are now subject to EPA noise rules.
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SECTION 17-RAILROAD NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS
Under this Section of the Act, EPA promulgated on December 31, 1975, regulations
setting specific maximum in use noise standards applicable to trains operated by inter-
state rail carriers.
The standards, which are measured at 100 feet perpendicular to the center line of the
truck, are:
(Effective December 31,1976)
Locomotives
(Best maintenance)
73 dBA at idle
93 dBA stationary at all
other throttle settings
96 dBA moving at any speed
(Effective December 31,1979)
Locomotives
(Newly manufactured)
70 dBA at idle
87 DBA stationary at all other
throttle settings
90 dBA moving at any speed
(Effective December 31,1976)
Rail cars
88 dBA at speeds up to and including 45 mph
93 dBA at speeds greater than 45 mph
A detailed background study report (550/9-76-005) on railroad noise was prepared as a
part of the rule making process.
The Department of Transportation, through the Federal Railroad Administration, is
responsible for the enforcement of this regulation. Proposed compliance procedures
will be published in the Federal Register in the near future.
SECTION 18-MOTOR CARRIER NOISE EMISSION STANDARDS
On October 29, 1974, EPA promulgated regulations setting specific maximum in-use
noise standards applicable to vehicles over 10,000 pounds Gross Vehicle Weight Rating
(GVWR) operated by interstate motor carriers. This regulation will lessen the noise
impact for approximately 10 million people. The standards are:
88 dBA stationary runup
86 dBA up to and including 35 mph
90 dBA over 3 5 mph
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Publications Mailing List Application
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OFFICE OF NOISE ABATEMENT AND CONTROL
WASHINGTON. D.C. 20460
EPA HQ FORM 8800-4 (REV. 7-76) PREVIOUS EDITION IS OBSOLETE
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UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
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- 011 1 Audiometric Testing Equipment
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r 01 18 Construction Site Noise
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_ 0204 Operating Procedures
030*
AIRCRAFT
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0303 R/STOL
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0305 Operating Procedures
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SURFACE TRANSPORTATION
0401 . Railroads
. _,. 0402 Medium/Heavy Trucks
0403 Light Trucks and Pickups
_ 04O4 Specialty Trucks
0405 Buses
..-_ _- - 0407 Automobiles
0408 Motorcycles
0409 Interstate Motor Carrier
0410 Tires
fid 11
CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
^__ 0501 Earthmoving Equipment
O502 Road Building Equipment
0503 Materials Handling Equipment
_. _ 0504 Stationary Equipment
- 0505 Impact Equipment
. _ 0506 Rotary Equipment
_ 0507 Pneumatic/Hydraulic
Power Sou re u
n«*rw
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
POWERED PRODUCTS
0601 Lawn and Garden Care
0602 Chainsaws
0603 Pumps and Generators
, . 0604 Snow Blowers
nfin»5
ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONIC
POWERED PRODUCTS
07O1 Shop Tools
_. 0702 Air Moving Equipment
0703 Air Conditioners
07O4 Electric Lawn and Garden
Care Equipment
0705 Stereo/HiFi Equipment
0706 Hair Conditioning Equipment
0707 Vacuum Cleaners
0708 Pumps and Generators
O7O9 Transformers/Power Station
Equipment
071O
GENERAL HOME APPLIANCES
0801 Food Disposals
_ 0802 Dishwashers
0803 Clothes Washers
0804 Clothes Dryers
_ 0805 Garbage Compactors
0806 Kitchen Appliances
OHO 7
INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY
0901 Printing Equipment
_ -- - 0902 Textile Equipment
0903 Agriculture Equipment
09O4 Mining Equipment
0905 Wood Forming Equipment
0906 Chemical Processing Equipment
0907 Surface Finishing Equipment
0908 Metal Forming
09 09
RECREATIONAL AND
ENTERTAINMENT PRODUCTS
^ 1001 Snowmobiles
1002 Motorhoats
1OO3 Oil rood Vehicles
1004 Toys
ioni\
OALL ALL NOISE AREAS
-------
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF NOISE ABATEMENT AND CONTROL
WASHINGTON. O.C. 20460
OFFICIAL BUSINESS
PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300
POSTAGE AND FEES PAID
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
EPA-335
FIRST CLASS MAIL
i
M
P
O
R
T
A
N
T
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Noise Abatement and Control
AW 471
Washington, D.C. 20460
MAILING
LIST
APPLICATION
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The regulation also requires vehicle exhaust systems not to be defective and bans the use
of noisy tires on vehicles subject to the regulation.
Present plans call for revising these in-use standards to require new trucks meeting the
more stringent new product standards promulgated under Section 6 to continue to meet
more stringent levels while in use.
The Department of Transportation's Bureau of Motor Carrier Safety (BMCS) is respon-
sible for enforcement of this regulation. BMCS issued compliance regulations on Septem-
ber 12, 1975. BMCS and several States and localities are now enforcing these regulations.
STUDIES AND SPECIAL PROJECTS
A document of major importance is the National Noise Abatement Strategy, which was
published for comment in October of 1976 and is now being revised for publication in
the spring of 1977. This general strategy will form the basis for specific program strategies
in surface transportation noise and construction noise that will be developed in 1977.
EPA is also heavily involved in developing industry-forecasting models, decision-making
analyses, and methodology for determining the economic benefits of noise abatement.
ENFORCEMENT
The Noise Enforcement Division was established on April 30,1976 under the EPA Office
of Enforcement. The new Division's responsibilities include development and implemen-
tation of enforcement regulations requiring testing, record keeping, reporting, and any
necessary remedial actions by manufacturers of new products for which standards or
labeling requirements are prescribed under Sections 6 and 8 of the Noise Control Act.
In addition, the Division will assist EPA regions, States and localities in enforcing Federal
noise control standards and regulations and in designing and enforcing supplementary
State and local controls.
The primary Federal enforcement strategies to be applied to new products are:
Production verification testing ot initial representative products at the
assembly line.
Statistical sampling and testing of new products at the assembly line.
Manufacturer's time-of-sale warranty.
Tampering prohibitions.
Maintenance instruction requirements.
Administrative orders including recall of noncomplying products.
19
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Regulations to implement these strategies have been promulgated for medium and heavy
trucks and portable air compressors, for which noise standards become effective in 1978.
Production verification for those products will begin in late 1977.
Noise enforcement testing will be conducted at the new EPA Noise Enforcement Facility,
located in Sandusky, Ohio. The facility is equipped with a low-speed passby test track
and a stationary runup pad for testing trucks and compressors, respectively. In addition,
two mobile testing units have been developed to perform sophisticated noise testing
anywhere in the country. These testing facilities will be used to conduct EPA tests
on regulated products, to monitor and correlate a manufacturer's compliance testing, and
to train EPA regional, State, and local personnel for noise enforcement.
INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES
EPA performs a number of important noise related functions on the international level.
These activities are conducted on both an ad hoc basis and as part of a continuing interna-
tional effort toward reducing environmental noise and harmonizing the efforts of indivi-
dual countries. This is particularly important since products made in one country may
have a very significant impact on the noise environment in another country.
EPA has participated in ad hoc noise activities of the following international groups:
World Health Organization
NATO
US-USSR Working Group on the Enhancement of the Urban Environment
International Organization for Standardization.
A major on-going EPA activity is the Agency's participation in the efforts of the Interna-
tional Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). The Agency, through its official representa-
tive provides recommendations on international aviation matters, exchanges views on
environmental considerations, and reviews and recommends aircraft noise standards.
EPA is also a major participant in the noise activities of the Paris-based Organization for
Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). EPA is the lead U.S. agency in the
noise area, with its representative acting as the official U.S. delegate to the International
Ad Hoc Group on Noise, which is chaired by another EPA official. The OECD mission
concerning noise is to:
Establish a basis for international harmonization of noise standards
Establish a basis for international development of technical and economic
criteria
Study various measurement indices.
20
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An EPA noise official is currently chairman of an international noise task group under the
U.N. Economic Commission for Europe in Geneva, Switzerland. The task force is examin-
ing and exchanging information on environmental noise problems and control measures
and appropriate research activities.
EPA noise officials also participate in:
The cooperative environment program of the Commission of European Com-
munities, in Brussels, Belgium.
Planning for the third International Congress on Biological Effects of Noise to
be held in Freiburg, Germany in May 1978.
MONITORING PROGRAM
EPA has initiated a noise monitoring effort having two primary facetsenvironmental trend
monitoring and specific source monitoring. As presently planned, both the trend and
source-specific monitoring will be carried out at national and local levels. At each level,
the environment (geographic location) and personal exposure will be examined through
physical noise measurements and social surveys. The Agency anticipates that the trend
monitoring effort will:
Establish a baseline from which to assess changes in the noise environment
Determine the population at risk
Establish standard methods and procedures for quality assurance and compara-
bility of data
Provide assistance to States and municipalities in assessing the success of their
noise control programs.
Source-specific monitoring is primarily designed to support the EPA regulatory develop-
ment process.
Measurement of Stationary Noise Sources
The Agency recently conducted a study to determine an accurate statistical/manual
sampling technique to be used for the measurement of stationary noise sources. The ob-
jective is to recommend measurement methodologies, procedures, and instrumentation
21
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suitable for enforcement of various types of ordinance provisions that set property line
sound limits. This study will also be used in supporting a model code of recommended
enforcement practices.
Stoity of Interior Noise Levels for Transportation Systems
To determine the extent to which noise environments of enclosed transportation sys-
tems represent a risk to passenger health, an analysis was made of information collected
by pasj transportation studies as well as new data gathered for this project. EPA antici-
pates that the recent study results (EPA 550/9-75-025) will assist State and municipal
agencies in setting noise specifications for the purchase of transportation equipment.
P^ata, developed in this study will be one element in assessing the impact of community
no^se on individuals over a 24-hour period. EPA is planning to set interior noise level
standards on certain products, such as newly manufactured buses, at the Federal level.
22
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OFFICE OF NOISE ABAtEMENT AND CONTROL ORGANIZATION CHART
Is)
OJ
DEPUTY ASSISTANT ADMINISTRATOR
Charles L. Elkins, (703) 557-7777
Scientific Asst. To DAA
Rudolph Marrazzo, (703) 557-7305
Health & Welfare Studies & Policy
Revision of Criteria & Levels Document
Relations w/Scientific Community
STANDARDS & REGULATIONS DIVISION
Henry Thomas. (703) 557-7743
Plans and Programs Staff
John Degnan, (703) 557-7600
Administration
Strategic Studies
General Economic Studies
TECHNOLOGY & FEDERAL PROGRAMS DIVISION
John Schettino, (703) 557-7760
William Sperry (Aviation Standards)
Surface Transportation Branch
William Roper, Branch Chief, (703) 557-7747
Product Regulations, regs for buses, autos,
railroads, trucks, motorcycles, etc.
General Products Branch
Kenneth Feith, Branch Chief, (703) 557-2710
Product Regulations: construction,
industrial, consumer
Labeling (Section 8)
STATE AND LOCAL PROGRAMS DIVISION
John Ropes, (703) 557-7695
Technology Branch
Harvey Nozick, Branch Chief, (703) 557-2126
Technology standards for aircraft
(Section 7)
Research Coordination in Fed. Government
Technology Development
Federal Programs Branch
David Mudarri, Branch Chief, (703) 557-8292
Federal Program Coordination (Section 4)
Low Noise Emission Products Program
Technical Assistance Branch
Casey Caecavari, Branch Chief, (703) 557-7695
Regional Noise Control Programs
Monitoring Program
Special Local Determinations
[Section 17(c)(2),18(c)(2)]
Consumer Information &
Airport Assistance Branch
Robert Randall, Branch Chief, (703) 557-7698
Airport Planning Assistance
Consumer Information
-------
EPA NOISE ENFORCEMENT
DEPUTY ASSISTANT ADMINISTRATOR FOR
MOBILE SOURCE AND NOISE ENFORCEMENT
Norman D. Shutler
(202) 755-2530
10
NOISE ENFORCEMENT DIVISION
Richard G. Kozlowski
Director
(703) 557-7470
SURFACE TRANSPORTATION GROUP
James J. Kerr
Project Leader
(703) 557-7410
GENERAL PRODUCTS GROUP
Timothy J. Dwyer
Project Leader
(703) 557-7406
REGIONAL/STATE AND
LOCAL GROUP
John S. Winder, Jr.
Project Leader
(703) 557-7413
NOISE ENFORCEMENT
FACILITY (SANDUSKY)
William Heglund
Director
(419)627-1628
10 REGIONAL NOISE
ENFORCEMENT ATTORNEYS
-------
EPA REGIONAL NOISE REPRESENTATIVES
EPA
Region
States
Address
Noise
Representatives
I
II
III
IV
VI
VII
VIII
IX
Maine, N.H., Vt,
Mass., R.I., Conn.
N.Y., NJ., P.R., V.I.
Pa., Md., Del.,
W. Va., Va., D.C.
N.C., S.C., Tenn., Ky.,
Miss., Ga., Fla., AL
Wise., I1L, Mich., Ohio,
Ind., Mn.
N. Mex., Okla., Ark.,
La., Tex.
Nebr., Kans., Iowa
Mo.
Mont., N. Dak., S. Dak.,
Wyo., Utah, Colo.
Calif., Nev., Ariz.,
Hawaii
Wash., Oreg., Idaho
Alaska
JFK Building
Room 2113
Boston, Mass. 02203
26 Federal Plaza
Room 907G
New York, N.Y. 10007
Curtis Building
Room 225
6th & Walnut Sts.
Philadelphia, Pa. 19106
354 Courtland St., N.E.
Atlanta, Ga. 30308
230 S. Dearborn
Chicago, 111. 60604
1600 Patterson St
Room 1107
Dallas, Texas 75201
1735 Baltimore St.
Kansas City, Mo. 64108
1860 Lincoln St.
Suite 900
Denver, Colo. 80203
100 California St.
San Francisco, Calif. 94111
1200 Sixth Avenue
Room11C
Seattle, Wash. 98101
Mr. Al Hicks
(617/223-5708)
Mr. Tom O'Hare
(212/264-2109)
Mr. Patrick Anderson
(215/597-9118)
Dr. Kent Williams
(404/881-4861)
Mr. Horst Witschonke
(312/353-2205)
Mr. Mike Mendias
(214/749-3837)
Mr. Vincent Smith
(816/374-3307)
Mr. Robert Simmons
(303/337-2221)
Dr. Richard Procunier
(415/556-4606)
Ms. Deborah Yamamoto
(206/442-1253)
25
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NOISE DOCUMENTS
The following "noise" technical documents, unless otherwise noted, are for sale by the
National Technical Information Service (NTIS), U.S. Department of Commerce, 425
13th Street, N.W., Room 620, Washington, D.C 20004 (Phone: 202/296-4348) or
from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO) Wash-
ington, D.C. 20402 (Phone: 202/783-3238).
The documents are grouped into the areas of:
Reports to Congress
Health and Welfare
Noise Monitoring
Surface Transportation
Aviation
Construction
State and Local Noise Control
Federal Programs
Regional
Other
26
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TITLE
Reports to Congress
Report to the President and Congress
on Noise - December 31,1971
Report on Aircraft-Airport Noise
(Senate Document 93-8) - August 1973
First Report on Status and Progress of
Noise Research and Control Programs
in the Federal Government -
June 1975
NTIS DOCUMENT
NO.
PB-206716
AVAILABLE AT GPO
PB-243447/AS
Vol. I
PB-243448/AS
Vol. II
Health and Welfare
Noise from Industrial Plants
December 1971
Community Noise - December 1971
Effects of Noise on Wildlife and
Other Animals - December 1971
Effects of Noise on People
December 1971
Social Impact of Noise - December
1971
The Effects of Sonic Boom and
Similar Impulsive Noise on Structures
December 1971
Economic Impact of Noise
December 1971
PB-206718
PB-207124
PB-206720
PB206723
PB-206724
PB-206725
PB-206726
27
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TITLE
Physiological and Psychological
Effects, Boston, Massachusetts
October 28-29,1971, Vol. VII*
Relation Between Daily Noise
Exposure and Hearing Loss Based on
the Evaluation of 6,835 Industrial
Noise Exposure Cases - June 1973
A Scientific Basis for Limiting Noise
Exposure for Purposes of Hearing
Conservation - July 19,1973
Prediction of NIPTS Due to
Continuous Noise Exposure
July 19,1973
Public Health and Welfare Criteria
for Noise-July, 1973
Proceedings of the International
Congress on Noise as a Public Health
Problem, Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia
May 13-18,1973
Impact Characterization of Noise
Including Implications of Identifying
and Achieving Levels of Cumulative
Noise Exposure - July 1973
Information on Levels of Environ-
mental Noise Requisite to Protect
Public Health and Welfare with an
Adequate Margin of Safety
March 1974
NTIS DOCUMENT
NO.
AVAILABLE AT EPA
ONAC and GPO
#5500-0056 ($1.50)
AD-767204
AD-767274
AD-767205
PB-241000/AS
PB-241060/AS
ALSO AVAILABLE
AT EPA
PB-224408/AS
PB-239429/AS
*EPA Public Hearings
28
-------
TITLE
Population Distribution of the
United States As a Function of Out-
door Noise Level - June 1974
Federal Noise Effects Research:
FY73-FY75-March 1975
Some Considerations in Choosing an
Occupational Noise Exposure
Regulation
Noise at Work
Noise Around Our Homes
NTTS DOCUMENT
NO.
PB-235022/AS
PB-241751/LK
PB-251408
AVAILABLE AT EPA
Noise Monitoring
Fundamentals of Noise Measurement
Rating Schemes, and Standards
December 1971
Standards and Measurements
Methods, Legislation and Enforcement
Problems, San Francisco, California
September 27-29,1971, Vol. IV*
Evaluation of Commercial Intergrating-
Type Noise Exposure Meter
December 1973
The Design of a Low Cost Sound
Level Meter - April 1974
PB-206727
AVAILABLE AT GPO
COM-74-104-77
AB-783808
*EPA Public Hearings
29
-------
TITLE
Guidelines for Developing a Training
Program in Noise Survey Techniques
July 1975 (Office of Naval Research)
Procedures for Estimating Sound
Power From Measurements of Sound
Pressure - July 1975
(NBS/NBSIR 75-652)
Noise and Its Measurement
NTIS DOCUMENT
NO.
AD-A01667
COM-75-11399
AVAILABLE AT EPA
Surface Transportation
Passenger Noise Environments of
Enclosed Transportation Systems
June 1975
Transportation Noise and Noise from
Equipment Powered by Internal
Combustion Engines
December 1971
Manufacturing and Transportation
Noise (Highway & Air) - Chicago,
Illinois - July 28-29,1971, Vol. II*
Transportation Noise (rail and other);
Urban Noise Problems and Social
Behavior, New York, New York
October 28-29,1971, Vol. VI*
Control of Snowmobile Noise (Vol. I)
Technology and Cost Information
June 1973
PB-245409/AS
PB-208660
AVAILABLE AT GPO
AVAILABLE AT GPO
AVAILABLE AT EPA
*EPA Public Hearings
30
-------
TITLE
NTIS DOCUMENT
NO.
Measurements of Railroad Noise-Line
Operations, Yard Boundaries, and
Retarder - December 1974
r
NPRM on Special Local Determinations
(Sec. 17 & 18) and Guidelines for State
and Local Governments on the Filing and
Processing of Applications for Preemption
Waiver Determinations
November 1976
COM-75-10088
AVAILABLE AT EPA
Background Document for Interstate
Motor Carrier Noise Emission
Regulations - October 1974
Environmental Noise Measurements on
Interstate 57 During and After Truck
Strike - June 1974 (USA Const. Engrg.
Research Lab)
Noise in Rail Transit Cars: Incremental
Costs of Quieter Cars - June 1974
Federal Surface Vehicle Noise Research,
Development, and Demonstration Programs:
FY73-FY75
PB-242554/AS
AVAILABLE AT EPA
PB-234992/AS
PB-241887/LK
Background Document for Railroad
Noise Emission Standards
December 1975
Background Document for Medium
and Heavy Truck Noise Emission
Regulations - March 1976
Noise and Recreational Vehicles
Noise on Wheels
PB-251713
AVAILABLE AT EPA
AVAILABLE AT EPA
31
-------
TITLE
NTIS DOCUMENT
NO.
Aviation
The Effects of Sonic Boom and
Similar Impulsive Noise on Structures
December 1971
Legal and Institutional Analysis of
Aircraft and Airport Noise and Appor-
tionment of Authority Between
Federal, State, and Local Government
July 1973
Report on Operations Analysis
Including Monitoring, Enforcement,
Safety, and Cost - July 1973
Noise Source Abatement Technology
and Cost Analysis Including
Retrofitting - July 1973
Review and Analysis of Present and
Planned FAA Noise Regulatory
Actions and Their Consequences
Regarding Aircraft and Airport
Operations - July 1973
Military Aircraft and Airport Noise
and Opportunities for Reduction
Without Inhibition of Military
Missions - July 1973
Noise Measurement of Concorde 02
Approach and Takeoff at Dallas, Ft.
Worth and Dulles International
Airports - August 1974
Civil Aviation Studies and Interagency
Coordinating Organizations (Vol. I)
December 1974
PB-206725
PB-225149/4AS
PB-225150/2AS
PB-224422/AS
PB-224405/AS
PB-223637/AS
PB-245156/AS
PB-239344/AS
32
-------
TITLE
Civil Aviation Studies and Interagency
Coordinating Organizations (Vol. II)
Appendices - December 1974
Noise Certification Rule for Propeller
Driven Small Airplanes, EPA Project
Report - 25 November 1974
Minimum Altitudes for Noise Abate-
ment, EPA Project Report
25 November 1974
Civil Subsonic Turboject Engine-
Powered Airplanes (Retrofit and Fleet
Noise Level, EPA Project Report
16 December 1974
Aircraft Noise Certification Rule for
Supersonic Civil Aircraft, EPA Project
Report - 24 January 1975
Airport Noise Regulatory Process,
22 November, 1976
Federal Aircraft Noise Research,
Development, and Demonstration
Programs: FY73-FY75
Information on FAA Certification of
Aircraft - January 1975
National Measure of Aircraft Noise
Impact Through the Year 2000
June 1975
Noise Standards for Aircraft Type
Certification (Modification to FAR
Part 36) - August 1976
Calculation of Day-Night Levels
Resulting from Civil Aircraft Operations
NTIS DOCUMENT
NO.
PB-239345/AS
AVAILABLE AT EPA
AVAILABLE AT EPA
AVAILABLE AT EPA
AVAILABLE AT EPA
AVAILABLE AT EPA
PB-244904/LK
PB-242583/AS
PB-243522/AS
PB-262401/AS
33
-------
NTIS DOCUMENT
Construction
Noise from Construction Equipment PB-206717
and Operations, Building Equipment,
and Home Appliances - December 1971
Construction Noise - Atlanta, Georgia PB-230064
July 8-9, 1971, Vol. I*
Noise Emission Standards for Construction PB-250430
Equipment - Background Document for
Portable Air Compressors - December
1975
State and Local Noise Control
Laws and Regulatory Schemes for PB-206719
Noise Abatement - December 1971
State and Municipal Non-Occupational PB-208659
Programs - December 1971
Urban Planning, Architectural Design: PB-230065
and Noise in the Home - Dallas, Texas
Augustl8-19,1971, Vol. HI*
Technology and Economics of Noise AVAILABLE AT GPO
Control; National Problems and Their
Relation with State and Local Programs,
Washington, D.C.
November 9-12,1971, Vol. Ill*
*EPA Public Hearings
34
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TITLE
Noise Source Regulation in State and
Local Noise Ordinances
February 1975
Model Community Noise Control
Ordinance - September 1975
State and Municipal Noise Control
Activities, 1973-1974 - January 1976
NTIS DOCUMENT
NO.
PB-245158/AS
AVAILABLE AT EPA
Public Information
Center fl»M215)
PB-251999
Federal Programs
Summary of Noise Programs in the
Federal Government - December 1971
First Report on Status and Progress of
Noise Research and Control Programs
in the Federal Government
June 1975
Federal Noise Effects Research:
FY73-FY75-March 1975
Federal Surface Vehicle Noise Research,
Development, and Demonstration
Programs: FY73-FY75
Federal Aircraft Noise Research,
Development, and Demonstration
Programs: FY73-FY75
Federal Machinery Noise Research,
Development, and Demonstration
Programs, FY73-FY75
*EPA Public Hearings
AVAILABLE AT GPO
ONLY
PB-243447/AS, iol. I
PB-243448/AS, Vpl. II
PB-241751/LK
PB-241887/LK
PB-244904/LK
PB-243523/LK
35
-------
TITLE
An Assessment of the Federal Noise
Research, Development and Demon-
stration Activities: FY73-FY75
EPA Guidance for Inspection of
Federal Facilities for Compliance with
Noise Abatement Standards
NTIS DOCUMENT
NO.
PB-246894/LK
Other
An Assessment of Noise Concern in
Other Nations - December 1971
Noise Programs of Professional/
Industrial Organizational, Universities
and Colleges - December 1971
Soviet Noise Research Literature From
the F. F. Erisman Scientific Research
Institute for Hygiene, Moscow, USSR
April 1974
Lawn Mowers: Noise and Cost of
Abatement - June 1974
1976 Reassessment of Noise Concerns
of Other Nations (Vol. I - Summary of
Selected Topics)
1976 Reassessment of Noise Concerns
of Other Nations (Vol. II - Country by
Country Reviews)
University Noise Research Proceedings
of EPA University Noise Seminar
October 18-20,1976
PB-206721 (Vol. I)
PB-206722 (Vol. II)
PB-207125
PB-235086/T
PB-234932/AS
PB-259923
PB-259924
Being Processed
By NTIS
36
-------
, NTIS DOCUMENT
lmE NO.
Environmental Noise Assessment AVAILABLE AT EPA
Waco Texas Metropolitan Area REGION VI DALLAS
Aprils, 1974 (Region VI)
Environmental Noise Monitoring at PB-242567
Three Sites in Irving, Texas
February 1975 (Region VI)
Environmental Noise Assessment - AVAILABLE AT EPA
City of Grand Prairie, Texas, 1973 REGION VI - DALLAS
(Region VI - Dallas)
ft U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1977- 241-037/30
37
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