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Fish Kills
Caused by
Pollution
in 1975

Sixteenth
Report
U.S.
Environmental
Protection
Agency

Office of
Water Planning
and Standards

Monitoring and
Data Support
Division
Washington D.C.
20460  "

Project Manager
Edward Biernacki

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Contents
Foreword	
Summary-Fish Reported
Killed in 1975 	
Basic Statistics	
Total Fish Reported Killed —
Major Fish Kills
Fish Killed, by Type of Water
Body.
Fish Killed by Type of Water
Fih Kills, by Month,
Fish Kills, by Duration and
Severity  	
Regional Data
Agricultural Operations  _
Municipal  Operations 	
Industrial Operations  	
Transportation Operations
Construction or Other
Operations
 Summary of Reported
 Fish Kills, Nationally
 and by State	
Tables
 1
Historical Summary of
Pollution-Caused Fish Kills,
June 1960-December 1975-
    Fish Kill Summary by Source
    of Pollution, 1975  	
 3  Pollution-Caused Fish Kill
    Summary by State, 1975.

 4  Major Kills—100,000 or
    Over—1975	
5   Fish Kill Summary by Type of
    Water Body, 1975	
6   Fish Kill Summary by Type of
    Water,  1975	
7   Fish Kill Summary by Month,
    1975	

8   Fish Kill Summary by
    Duration and Severity of Kill,
    1975	

9   Number of Fish Kill Reports
    by Source of Pollution Within
    EPA Regions, 1975 	
                               4
                               6
                               8

                               9
                              10
                              11

                              12
                              12
                              14
                              14
                              14

                              14.
                              16
10  Report of Fish Kills, 1975-
    Cause Identified	
11  Report of Fish Kills, 1975-
    Cause Not Specifically
    Identified .	
                              10
                              11
                              13
                              13
                             65
                             72
                                    Figures
                                    1   Cumulative Reported Fish
                                        Killed, 1961 to 1975	
2   Percentage of Fish Kills
    Reported in United States,
    by Cause-1975	
    State of Alabama-Reported
    Fish Kills, by Size and
    Percentages of Causes-1975

    State of Arkansas-Reported
    Fish Kills, by Size and
    Percentages of Causes-1975
                                                                         17
                                                                         18
                                                                     19
    State of California-Reported
    Fish Kills, by Size and
    Percentages of Causes-1975  20
6   State of Colorado-Reported
    Fish Kills, by Size and
    Percentages of Causes-1975

7   State of Connecticut-
    Reported Fish Kills, by Size
    and Percentages of Causes-
    1975	

8   State of Delaware-Reported
    Fish Kills, by Size and
    Percentages of Causes-1975

9   State of Florida-Reported
    Fish Kills, by Size and
    Percentages of Causes-1975

10  State of Georgia-Reported
    Fish Kills, by Size and
    Percentages of Causes-1975
                                    11  State of Hawaii
12  State of Idaho-Reported Fish
    Kills, by Size and
    Percentages of Causes-1975
                                                                     21
                                                                         22
                                                                     23
                                                                     24
                                                                     25

                                                                     26
                                                                         27
13  State of Indiana-Reported
    Fish Kills, by Size and
    Percentages of Causes-1975  28

14  State of Iowa-Reported Fish
    Kills,  by Size and
    Percentages of Causes-1975  29

15  State of Illinois-Reported Fish
    Kills,  by Size and
    Percentages of Causes-1975  30

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16  State of Kansas-Reported
    Fish Kills, by Size and
    Percentages  of  Causes-1975   31

17  State of Kentucky-Reported
    Fish Kills, by Size and
    Percentages  of  Causes-1975   32

18  State of Louisiana-Reported
    Fish Kills, by Size and
    Percentages  of  Causes-1975   33

19  State of Maine-Reported Fish
    Kills, by Size and
    Percentages  of  Causes-1975   34

20  State of Maryland-Reported Fish
    Kills, by Size and Percentages of
    Causes-1975	 35

21  State of Massachusetts-Reported
    Fish Kills, by Size and Percentages
    of Causes-1975  	'36

22  State of Michigan-Reported Fish
    Kills,  by Size and Percentages of
    Causes-1975	 37

23  State of Minnesota-Reported Fish
    Kills, by Size and Percentages of
    Causes-1975	 38

24  State of Mississippi-Reported Fish
    Kills,  by Size and Percentages of
    Causes-1975	 39

25  State of Missouri-Reported Fish
    Kills, by Size and Percentages of
    Causes-1975	40

26  State of Montana-Reported Fish
    Kills, by Size and Percentages of
    Causes-1975	 41

27  State of Nebraska-Reported Fish
    Kills, by Size and Percentages of
    Causes-1975	 42

28  State of Nevada-Reported Fish Kills,
    by Size and Percentages of
    Causes-1975	 43

29  State of New Hampshire-Reported
    Fish Kills,  by Size and Percentages
    of Causes-1975  	 44

30  State of New Jersey-Reported Fish
    Kills, by Size
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Foreword
The annual fish kill report
represents the combined voluntary
efforts of private individuals, State
fish and game, health, and
conservation officers, and water
pollution control officials at the
State and Federal level. Usually, a
fish kill is first noticed by a
fisherman, camper, or other private
citizen, who informs  a warden or
other State official. In most cases,
the State agency then sends
trained investigators to identify the
cause and size of the kill: Where
water pollution  is determined or
suspected to be the cause, the
State submits a report to the
Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA).

It is essential that a fish kill be
reported and investigated
immediately in  order to determine
the source of pollution and the
polluting agent. Dead fish may  be
washed downstream from the
source of pollution. The polluting
agent may be diluted by fast
flowing water, making on-site
investigation difficult or even
impossible.  Hot weather conditions
decompose fish tissue, also making
it difficult to identify a polluting
agent. Since the  investigator can
count or estimate only those fish
which lie on or near the surface,
the number of fish reported killed is
almost always a conservative
figure. In some cases, as much as
80 percent of the dead fish cannot
be counted due to turbid water, or
because the fish have either sunk
to the bottom of the water body or
have been washed away from the
site of the kill.

The reporting system depends, to a
large extent, upon individuals in the
field making State officials aware of
fish kills and upon the States'
continuing voluntary submission of
reports to the EPA. It is, therefore,
quite likely that the large increases
in reports for 1971, 1972, 1973,
and 1974 over earlier years are a
result of increased public
awareness of pollution and its
effects. In an effort to further
increase  this awareness and to
encourage individuals to report kills
to State officials we are  including in
Appendices A, B, and C to this
report:

aAppendix A—A list  of State
agencies who should be notified of
kills;

nAppendix B—A reproduction of
the report form to show  information
desired;  and,

nAppendix C—A definition of the
types of  operations identified as
pollutant sources.

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Summary
Fish Reported
Killed in 1975
The following is a short summary of
significant statisti.cs of fish kills
reported in 1975.

nAII States Reported in 1975

For the fourth time since the
inception of the annual pollution-
caused fish kill reporting system in
1960, every State in the Union has
participated. Five participating
States reported no fish kills.

nThe Number of Fish  Kill Reports
for 1975 Continued to Decrease
From the Peak Year 1971'

For the fourth year in a row, the
total number of reports showed a
downward trend from the previous
year. Nevertheless, the number
received in 1975 (624) was greater
than the number of reports
received for any year before 1970
with the exception of 1965.

nOver 471 Million Fish Reported
Killed Since 1960

The 16.1 million fish reported  killed
in 1975 brought the cumulative total
of all fish reported killed by water
pollution since 1960 to 471 million.
The number killed  in 1975 showed
an 87 percent decrease from
reported kills in 1974, when a
record was set for the number of
fish reported killed in any one
year—119.1 million.

nWhere Causes Were Identified,
 Industrial Operations Led All Other
Pollution Operations as Causing the
Greatest Number of Fish Kills in
1975

In  1975, the 122 fish kill reports
associated with industrial
operations led all other known
pollution sources, but still amounted
to 27 percent less then the 168
industrial incidents reported in
1974.

nUnknown (Unidentified)
Operations Accounted for More
Reports Than Any Other Category

The  169 reports in the unknown
operations category represented 25
percent of all reports submitted in
1975.

nMunicipal Operations Killed More
Fish  Than Any Other Pollution
Source in  1975

The  10.4 million fish killed by
pollution from municipal operations
represent 64 percent of the 16.1
million fish reported  killed in 1975.

nThe Majority of the Reports
Indicate That Less Than 10,000
Fish  Were Killed Per Incident in
1975

In 84 percent of the incidents
reported, the size of the kill was
less  than 10,000 fish. The total
number of reported  fish killed in
these incidents however, was less
than 4 percent of the 16.1  million
reported fish killed in all incidents in
1975.

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Basic Statistics
In 1975, 624 fish kill reports were
submitted (Table 1). Of these, 543
reports (87 percent of the total)
stated the number of fish killed. In
the remaining 81 of the 624 reports
submitted, fish losses were either
not stated, or were not expressed
in numerical terms. Counting only
the 543 reports, an estimated 16.1
million fish were killed in 1975
(Table 2).

From 1961 through 1975, the
estimated number of fish killed
annually ranged from a low of 6.9
million in 1963 to a record high of
119 million in 1974. In 1974, the 47
million fish reported killed in Back
River, near Essex, Maryland
eclipsed the  previous record high
for one  incident of 37.8 million fish
reported killed in 1962 near San
Diego Harbor, California.

Excluding the unusually high 119.1
million fish killed in 1974 and the
73.6 million killed in 1971, the
average number of fish killed for
the twelve remaining years was
21.4 million. The 16.1 million  fish
reported killed shows 1975 as the
eighth highest year, but the number
is lower than the annual average.

In 1975, as in previous  years, most
of the incidents  were small—that is,
they killed fewer than 10,000 fish
apiece. Most fish were killed  in very
few incidents. For instance, 75
percent of the fish killed were
reported killed in only three
incidents (5 percent) of the 624
reports  (Table 1).

In 1975, sources of pollution  were
identified in  456 of the 624 reports.
These kills are listed individually in
Table 10. The 168 kills for which
the pollution source could not be
positively identified are  listed in
Table 11.


Number ol States
responding
Number ol reports
Reports which state number
of fish killed
Total reported number ot
fish killed
Average size of kill1
Largest kill reported
Number of reported
incidents for each
pollution source operation
Agricultural
Industrial
Municipal3
Transportation 	
Other 	
Unknown
Total reports .

Number of reports and fish
killed by size grouping _
1.000.000 or more 	
100,00010 1.000.800 	
10.00010 100,000
1,000 to 10,000
Oto 1,000
No size reported for incident
Average duration of kill in
days 	

I9602
3B
289
151
6.035.000
2,925
5,000.000
79
103
24
. 0
33
50
289
No.
re-
ports
1
3
15
64
6B
138
No.
fish
(mil-
lions)
5.0
0.53
0.31
0.18
0.02
2.95
1961
45
413
265
14,910.000
6,535
5.387,000
74
169
52
0
58
60
413
No.
re-
ports
4
5
45
107
104
148
No.
fish
(mil-
lions)
12.6
0.85
1.05
0.34
0.03
264
1962
37
421
246
44,001,000
5,710
3,180,000
51
209
33
1
47
60
421
No.
re-
ports
38
89
108
175
No.
fish
(mil-
lions)
41.0
1.69
1.01
0.30
0.03
2.59

 1 Derived after excluding reports of 100,000 kills
  or more as being unrepresentative
 1 Reporting system in effect for last six months of 1960.
 3 Municipal operations include electric power-generating stations.
Table 1
Contains historical data for the
sixteen years that fish kill reports
have been received. The table
summarizes the following: The
number of states reporting; the
number of reported pollution-
caused fish kill incidents; the
number of reports which specify
how many fish died; the reported
number of fish killed; the largest
single fish kill  for each year; the
number of reports for each pollution
source operation; and  a breakdown
of fish killed by size of kill. The
number of incidents and the
numbers of fish killed are probably
understated because of incomplete
reporting and  the difficulties of
estimating numbers of dead fish.
Also, 13 percent of the reports do
not specify how many  fish were
killed.

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Table 1 — Historical Summary of Pollution-Caused Fish Kills, June 1 960-December 1975
1963
38
442
304
6,937,000
7,775
2.000,000
84
199
60
17
27
55
442

No.
x>rts
1
12
54
134
103
138

No.
fish
(mil-
lions)
2.0
2.68
1.82
0.41
0.03

3.18
1964
40
590
470
22.914,000
5,490
7.887.000
131
193
120
26
17
103
590

No.
ports
5
15
59
167
224
120

No
fish
(mii-
.ions]
16.9
382
1.65
.0.49
0.07

2.44
1965
44
625
520
12,140,000
4,310
3,000,000'
114
244
125
27
23
92


No.
ports
3
17
63
202
235
105

625
No.
fish
(mil
lions)
5.4
4.62
1.42
059
0.07

2.57
1966
46
532
453
9,614,000
.5,620
1 ,000,000
88
195
87
27
38
97
532

No.
ports
2
23
58
185
185
79

No.
fish
(mil
lions)
2.0
5.48
1.53
0.55
0.05

2.71
1967
40
454
364
11.291.000
6.460
6.549,000
87
139
91
23
35
79
454

No
ports
1
7
49
143
164
90

No
fish
(mil
lions)
6.5
2.66
1.58
0.46
0.05

3.34
1968
42
542
469
15.815.000
6,015
4,029,000
77
177
122
39
23
104
542

No.
ports
3
30
64
153
219
73

No.
fish
(mil
lions)
6.1
744
1.79
0.48
0.06

2.99
1969
45
594
492
41,166,000
5.860
25,527,000
117
199
84
32
33
129
594

NO.
ports
4
9
81
165
233
102

No.
tish
(mil
lions)
35.1
3.15
206
0.52
0.06

3,11
1970
45
635
563
22.290,000
6,412
3.240,000
108
213
120
28
28
138
635

NO.
ports
5
26
91
198
243
72

NO
fish
(mil
iions)
11.4
7.44
2.73
0.62
0.07

3.25
1971
46
860
759
73.670,000
6.154
5,500,000
132
231
162
52
64
219
860

No,
ports
28
26
124
266
315
101

No.
fish
(mil
lions)
63.0
6.37
3.33
0.86
0.10

3.35
1972
50
760
697
17,717.000
4,639
2,922,000
113
189
167
56
72
163
760

NO.
ports
6
27
81
216
367
63

No.
fish
(mil
lions)
8.97
5.43
2.60
0.62
0.09

340
1973
50
749
703
37,814,000
5.527
10,000,000
161
196
146
65
56
125
749

No.
ports
6
19
88
251
339
46

No.
fish
(mil
lions)
29.53
4.65
2.74
0.81
009

272
1974
50
721
648
19.052,000
6,532
47.112,000
145
168
169
40
74
125
721

NO.
ports
6
20
110
187
325
73

No
fish
(mil-
lions)
107.6
7.1
3.6
0.6
01

3.58
1975
50
624
543
16,111,210 '
3,879
10.000.000
118
122
90
47
78
169'
624

No.
ports
3
9
65
173
293
81

No,
tish
(mil
lions)
12.00
1.87
1.62
0.57
0.07

2.18

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Total Fish Reported Killed
The 16.1 million fish reported killed
in 1975 brought the total estimated
count of fish killed (Figure 1) to
468.6 million in 7,202 separate
incidents since the first full year of
reporting (1961). These 7,202
separate incidents,  plus 1,606
reported incidents which did not
state the number of fish killed
brought the total incidents for the
 1961-1975 period to 8,808.

A total of 45 States reported at
 least one fish  kill  incident  (Table 3).
The remaining five States (Alaska,
 Arizona, North Dakota, .Rhode
 Island, and Wyoming) stated they
 had no recorded incidents of
 pollution-caused  fish kills  for 1975.
 Three States (California, Missouri
 and Ohio) accounted for 31
 percent of the total incidents.
Table 2 — Fish Kill Summary by Source
of Pollution, 1975
Source of pollution
Agricultural:
Insecticides
Fertilizers
Manure-silage drainage
Subtotal -
Industrial:
Food products

Chemicals
Petroleum
Metals
Combinations
Other
Subtotal
Municipal:
Sewerage systems 	
Refuse disposal 	
Water systems
Swimming pool
Power
Subtotal
Transportation:
Rail 	
Truck
Barge or boat
Pipeline
Subtotal
Other operations
Unknown
Total _ _ 	

Reports specifying
number of fish Killec
por,s
63
16
39
118
20
20
11
29
23
6
13
122
70
2
6
3
9
90
5
30
12
47
78
169
624
Na of No of fish
reports
52 221,194
14 186,951
35 362,597
101 770,742
19 263,768
18 56,559
1 1 30,382
26 95,711
20 57,412
6 300,974
11 87,903
111 892,709
66 353,457
2 1,612
5 1,944
3 375
9 10,021,015
8510,378,403
4 1 5,594
30 237,066
10 213,364
44 466,024
64 435,335
138 3,167,997
543 16,111,210
                                       Table 2
                                       Summarizes fish kills for 1975 by
                                       major and individual pollution
                                       sources, and provides further
                                       information on fish killed in the
                                       game and non-game categories by
                                       major pollution sources. Average
                                       size of fish kill for each major
                                       source is also included. Kills from
                                       natural causes are not included.
Figure 1
OVER 455 MILLION FISH WERE
REPORTED KILLED BY
POLLUTION	over a 15 year
period. This graph summarizes the
reported number of fish killed for
the 1961-1975 period. The first
reporting year, 1960 was excluded
since reports were not received for
a full year. Many more dead fish
probably go unreported due to the
difficulties of estimating, and
because they were not investigated
immediately. This total is also low
since 13 percent of the reports are
not included because they did not
state the number of fish killed.
Table 3
Summarizes data from the 45
states which reported one or more
pollution-caused fish kill incidents.
Of the 624 reports submitted, 543
indicated the number of fish killed.
The remaining 81 reports did not
specify the number  of fish killed.
The table also shows the number of
reports for  incidents that occurred
in rivers, lakes, and  coastal waters.

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   Figure 1—Cumulative Reported Fish Killed,
   1961 to 1975

   in millions
500


450


400


350


300


250


200


150


100


 50
Table 3— Pollution-Caused Fish Kill Summary by State, 1975
State
Alabama
Arkansas
California
Colorado

Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky

Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi 	
Missouri
Montana

Nevada
New Hampshire 	
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina 	
Ohio

Oregon
Pennsylvania
South Carolina 	
South Dakota

Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia

West Virginia
Wisconsin
Total

F
Total
re-
ports
c
14
25
52
4
2
5
30
9
1
1
24
21
3
8
7
15
3
12
10
13
5
3
39
4
18
2
4
1
4
20
19
80
21
4
30
2
1
13
43
2
1
17
15
12
5
624
Reports specifying number
of fish killed
lumber
f reports
13
4
51
4
2
5
20
6
1
1
22
21
3
8
5
9
3
10
10
13
4
3
32
4
16
2
4
1
3
17
18
80
12
4
30
2
1
12
42
2
1
17
8
12
5
543
Number of fish
c
114,509
9,800
297,770
1 ,005,925
12,650
8,141
99,585
1 4,600
1,000
275
409,785
36,857
1,115
40,679
155,928
66,589
750
34,955
59,195
6,791
7,958
39,000
311,347
7,750
40,846
22,500
1,469
1 200
2,100
99,225
28,108
347,077
250,683
37,771
162,112
4,250
72
430,815
11,775,015
390
2,000
77,955
18,451
59,667
6,550
16,111,210
Number of reports and water surfaces affected
River
Lake Coastal Waters'
Number Number Number Number of Number Number of
f reports of miles of reports acres of reports miles
11
10
31
4
2
3
7
6
1
1
19
21
3
7
7
15
2
9
7
10
4
3
35
1
9
1
2
3
19
14
76
12
4
30
1
10
32
2
1
13
9
12
5
474
* Includes embayments such as Chesapeake, San Francisco,
20
6
74
10
2
4
35
65
1
2
78
67
10
27
38
58
2
23
13
13
11
22
90
1
51
3
1
40
71
45
25
8
59

1
81
7
3
1
62
18
17
9
1,174
and Galveston
3
15
16

2
22
3

5

1

1
2
3
3
1

4
3
9
1
2
1
1
5
4
9

2
3
6

4
6

137
Bays.
375
12
55 5

6
209 1
15


13


82


1
2 1
25
12


4
848
2 826
250
340 . _ _
1
20
1
21

136


200

91
7 5


8
94


5,653 13



9


15









720


























744


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8    Major Fish Kills
     In 1975, 12 kills were reported in
     which the number of dead fish
     equaled or exceeded 100,000
     each, accounting for 13.9 million
     fish (Table 4). Three of the kills
     were massive, reaching or
     exceeding the million mark, and
     totaling 12 million fish. Of these,
     two kills in Texas accounted for 11
     million fish,  with one kill in a
     Chambers County drainage canal
      reaching the  10 million mark, and
     one kill in Colorado accounted  for
     million fish.  These three kills alone
      amounted to  approximately 75
      percent (12 million) of the 16.1
      million fish killed by pollution in
      1975.
Table 4 — Major Kills— 100,000 or Over— 1975
Lake or stream
Coyote Cr
St Vram H
Mackinaw R
Tarkio R
Kopn Cr
Tiger Cr
Grand Central Cr
Halchie R
HL8.P Old Disc Ca
Cedar Bayou
Lake Ray Hubbard
Scott Bay
Near or in
Los Angeles
Longmont
Anchor
Tarkio
Auglaize Co
Creek Co
Wind Gap
Bolivar
Chambers Co
Chambers Co
Dallas Co
Harris Co
State
California
Colorado
Illinois
Missouri
Ohio
Oklahoma
Pennsylvania
Tennessee
Texas
Texas
Texas
Texas
Number of
fish
200.000
1.000.000
173,831
105,834
1 12.966
205.420
103.078
273.168
10,000.000
600,000
100,000
1 ,000 000
Operation
Pipeline Iransportation
Unknown
Manure drainage
Fertilizers
Unknown
Other operations
Truck Iransportation
Metals
Power
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Table 4
Lists the major fish kill incidents
occurring in 1975 in which 100,000
or more fish were killed in each
incident. Many more large kills may
have gone  unreported, or missed
because they were not investigated
immediately, and large kills may
have been  included in reports that
did not state a number for fish
killed.

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Fish Killed,
by Type of Water Body
In 1975, 92  percent (14.7 million) of
the total fish reported killed died in
rivers (Table 5), while 6 percent (1
million) died in coastal  waters and
only 2 percent (0.3 million) died in
lakes.
Table
5 — Fish Kill Summary by Type of Water Body
1975
Reports specifying number of
Reports specifying number of fish killed fish killed and exlent of area
affected
Type of water body Total reports

River
Lake

Total

474
137
13
624

' Includes embayments such as Chesapeake
Number ol
reports
427
104
12
543
San Francisco
Number of fish
14,731,563
342,378
1,037,269
16,111,210
and Galveston Bays
Miles Acres
1 174
	 5,653
744
1,918 5.653

                                                                            Table 5
                                                                            Summarizes reported fish kills by
                                                                            type of water body (river, lake, and
                                                                            coastal waters), and  the extent of
                                                                            the area reportedly affected (by
                                                                            miles or acres). The mileage and
                                                                            acreage figures cannot always be
                                                                            accurately estimated, so care
                                                                            should be exercised  in their use.

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10    Fish Killed by Type of Water
       In 1975, the number of fish
       reported killed in fresh water (any
       inland water upstream of tidal
       action) accounted for  the largest
       number killed in the three types of
       water (Table 6), followed by estuary
       water (water of inlets,  bays, or river
       mouths that are affected by tidal
       action). Almost 89 percent (14.3
       million) of the total reported fish
       were killed in fresh water. Over  11
       percent (1.7 million) were killed  in
       estuary water. A relatively small
       number (29,000) were reported
       killed in salt water (water beyond
       the coastline).

       While the number of fish killed  in
       estuary water constitutes a minor
       percentage of the total,  this is of
       special national concern,  since
       estuaries  serve as breeding  and
       nursery grounds for many species
       of sport and commercial marine
       fish.
Table 6
Summarizes fish kills by type of
water (fresh, salt, and estuary).
Table 6—Fish Kill Summary by Type of
           Water, 1975
                                               Type of water
                  Total
                   re-
                  ports
                                                                  Reports specifying
                                                                   number of fish
                                                                      killed
                                                                  Num-
                                                                  ber of Number of
                                                                   re-    fish
                                                                  ports
                                           Fresh'	592  513  14,318,231
                                           Salt"
                                           Estuary"*

                                              Total
                 . 10
                 . 22
 8
22
  29,326
1,763,651
                                                            __624  543  16,111.210
                                             * Fresh water includes any inland water upstream of
                                          idal action
                                             *" Salt water means water beyond the coastline.
                                             "" Estuary means the water of inlets, bays, or river
                                          mouths that ate affected by tidal action.

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Fish Kills, By Month
As in the past, the greatest number
of reports (73 percent) were
submitted for the warm weather
months (Table 7), from May
through  September. Warm weather
often coincides with lower water
levels during these months  and
compounds the effects of pollution.
Also, since  more people are in, or
on, the water during the summer,
kills are  more apt to be observed
and reported.

A total of 543 reports specified the
number of fish killed by month.
August ranked first in the number
of reports (100) and fourth in
number of fish killed (0.5 million).
July ranked second in  both number
of reports (98) and fish killed (1.2
million). June ranked third in both
the number of  reports (77) and fish
killed (0.6 million). May ranked
fourth in the number of reports (67)
and fifth in number of fish killed
(0.1 million), September ranked fifth
in number of reports (57, but it
ranked first  in number of fish killed
(11.5 million).
Table 7
Summarizes fish kills by month.
Table 7 — Fish Kill Summary by Month,
1975
Month

February
March

May

July
August


November
December
Total

Total re-
ports
11
16
19
43
80
88
_ _ 110
_ _ 111
67
47
20
	 1E
624

Reports specifying num
ber of fish killed
Number of Number of
reports fish
10 50,027
12 114,839
19 65,084
37 227,048
67 122,462
77 626,748
98 1,263,257
100 534,477
56 11,534,470
40 1,506,375
16 41,250
11 25,173
543 16,111,210
11

-------
                                                                                   Regional Data
12
Fish Kills,
by Duration and Severity
Not all reports indicate duration of
kill. In 1975, 55 percent (345
reports) indicated duration of  kill
with  an average of 2.2 days (Table
8), which is a decrease of 1.4 days
per average duration over that of
1974. In 1974, 63 percent (452
reports) indicated duration of  kill
with  an average of 3.6 days. In
1975, the longest pollution incident
(120 days)  occurred in Georgia as
a result of crop dusting with Endrin.

The  severity of a fish kill is reported
as "complete," "heavy,"
"moderate," or "light"  (Table 8).
Eighty "complete" fish kills were
reported, averaging 4,930 fish killed
per report.  "Heavy" kills averaging
9,107 fish were reported on 166
occasions.  "Moderate" kills were
reported on 118 occasions,
averaging 1,408 fish per kill. "Light"
kills were reported on  131
occasions,  averaging  314 fish per
kill. The severity "not stated" was
reported on 129 occasions
averaging 6,083 fish killed. Table 8
also  indicates the average duration
of fish kills by severity.
Table 9 summarizes the reported
number of pollution-caused fish kill
incidents and pollution source
operations within each
Environmental Protection Agency
Region. This table permits a
comparison of the frequency of
reported incidents in different
sections of the United States due to
different pollution sources.
                                                                                   Agricultural Operations
                                                                                   The total number of reported
                                                                                   pollution-caused fish kill incidents
                                                                                   from agricultural operations
                                                                                   decreased from .145 in 1974 to 118
                                                                                   in 1975, a difference of 27 reported
                                                                                   incidents (19 percent).

                                                                                   In 1975, manure-silage drainage in
                                                                                   Region V (19 reports) was the most
                                                                                   frequently reported individual
                                                                                   source of pollution under
                                                                                   agricultural operations for any of
                                                                                   the ten regions. Pesticides in
                                                                                   Region IV (14 reports) was the
                                                                                   second most frequently reported
                                                                                   individual source followed  by
                                                                                   pesticides in Region VI (13
                                                                                   reports).

                                                                                   In 1974, pesticides was responsible
                                                                                   for 27 reported incidents in Region
                                                                                   IV, 33 reported incidents in Region
                                                                                   VI, and 7 reported incidents in
                                                                                   Region IX, making it the leading
                                                                                   agricultural source of reported
                                                                                   pollution-caused fish kill incidents
                                                                                   for all regions combined in that
                                                                                   year.

                                                                                   In 1974, fertilizers were reported as
                                                                                   the pollution source in 8 fish kill
                                                                                   incidents from Regions II, IV,  V, VI,
                                                                                   VIII, and X, representing 6 percent
                                                                                   of the agricultural operations total.
                                                                                   In 1975 fertilizers caused only 3
                                                                                   percent of the incidents.

-------
Table 8 — Fish Kill Summary
Duration of Kil
Sauoritynficjii Number of iuor!,0<, mi..
No.
Complete kill 80 4,930 155
Heavy kill 	 __ 166 9,107 119
Moderate kill 118 1,408 80
Light kill 131 314 81
Not stated 	 129 6,083 10
Total 624 3,879 345

Averag
(days)
1.40
3.09
2.19
1.46
1.30
2.18
by Duration and Severity
Agricultural Industrial
3 No,
27
41
23
12.
15
118
Percent No. Percen
22 13
34 33
19 22
10 33
12 21
100 122
" Includes all fish killed as reported plus an allowance computed for reports which did not indicate
" Derived after excluding 25 reports of 100,000 kills or more.
10
27
18
27
17
100
Of Kill,
Municipal
No.
6
27
24
14
19
90
Percent
6
30
26
15
21
100
1975
Transportation
No.
12
15
3
11
6
47
Percent
25
31
6
23
12
100
Other Opera-
tions
Unknown
No. Percent No.
11 14
18 23
12 26
14 17
14 17
78 100
11
32
26
47
53
169
Percent
6
18
15
27
31
100
the number of fish that died.
                                                                                                             13
Table 8
Summarizes the reported duration
and estimated severity of fish kills,
their average size, and the number
and.percent of reports for the
                                     different pollution sources. These
                                     figures cannot always be
                                     accurately estimated, so care
                                     should be exercised in their use.
Table 9— Number of Fish Kill Reports by Source of Pollution Within EPA Regions, 1975
Source of pollution
Agricultural:
Pesticides
Fertilizers
Manure-silage drainage
Subtotal
Industrial:
Food products
Paper products

Petroleum
Metals
Combinations 	
Other
Subtotal 	 	
Municipal:
Sewerage systems 	
Water systems


Subtotal
Transportation:
Rail
Truck 	 _
Barge or Boat
Pipeline
Subtotal
Other Operations: 	
Unknown"
Total: — 	 	

EPA Regions
I
3
— - gl

2
2

1
5
5



5




1
6
20
II
1
--
6
1


7
3
1
1
5
1
1
2
5
1
21
III
4
1
5
10
3
1 •
6
6
1
17
8
2
1
1
2
14
1
10
2
13
18
4
76
IV
14
1
3
18
5
......
7
1
1
4
22
12



12
6
'"~6~"
8
31
97
V
6
7
19
32
2
9
2
7
7
3
' 4
34
21
1

2
24
1
8
1
10
19
29
148
VI
13
1
1
15
1
2
2
3
5
1
2
16
8


1
9
3
1
1
5
11
52
108
VII
6
6
10
22
3
2
1
2
2

10
8
1
4
13
2
5
7
7
9
68
VIII
2

2
1

1


2
1
1

2
1

1
1
3
11
IX
12

12
5


1

6
4
1
1

6
1
2
3
4
24
55
X
2
1
3



1
1
1
3
	



	

.....
10
20
Total
63
16
39
118
20
20
11
29
23
6
13
122
70
2
6
3
9
90
5
30
12
47
78
169
624

REGION I REGION V REGION IX
Connecticut Illinois Arizona
Maine Indiana California
Massachusetts Michigan Hawaii
New Hampshire Minnesota Nevada
Rhode Island Ohio
Vermont Wisconsin REGION X
Alaska
REGION II REGION VI Idaho
New Jersey Arkansas Oregon
New. York Louisiana Washington
New Mexico
REGION III Oklahoma
Delaware Texas
District of
Columbia REGION VII
Maryland Iowa
Pennsylvania Kansas
Virginia Missouri
West Virginia Nebraska
REGION IV REGION VIII
Alabama Colorado
Florida Montana
Georgia North Dakota
Kentucky South Dakota
Mississippi Utah
North Carolina Wyoming
South Carolina
Tennessee
Table 9
Summarizes the number of
reported pollution-caused  fish kill
incidents by individual source of
pollution for each EPA region.
Region VIII again reported the
                                     smallest number of fish kill
                                     incidents (11 reports) while Region
                                     V (148 reports) led in the number
                                     of reported incidents.

-------
14     Municipal Operations
       In 1974, sewerage systems in all
       regions were the most frequently
       reported individual source of
       pollution under municipal
       operations, totaling 142 reported
       fish kill incidents. Regions II, IV,
       and V accounted for 92 reported
       incidents, or 54 percent of  all
       pollution-caused fish kill incidents
       resulting from municipal operations.

       In 1975, sewerage systems were
       again the most frequently reported
       pollution source under municipal
       operations, totaling 70 reported
       pollution-caused fish kill incidents.
       Regions III, IV, V, VI, and VII
       accounted for 57 reported
       incidents,  or 81 percent of  all
       reported incidents.

       The 70 incidents in  1975,
       compared to the 1974 total of 142
       incidents,  reflect a more than 50
       percent decrease. Significant
       changes occurred in Regions II
       and V, where the number of
       reported incidents decreased  from
       60 incidents in 1974 to 24  incidents
       in  1975. The largest part of this
       change (19 reports) occurred  in
       Region V.
Industrial Operations
In 1975, industrial operations
accounted for more pollution-
caused fish kill incidents (122) than
any other pollution source
operation, but this shows a
decrease of 46 reported incidents
from the 168 incidents reported in
1974, a more than 27 percent
change.

Food products in Region V (9
reports) was the most frequently
reported individual source of
pollution under industrial operations
for any given region, and
chemicals (29 reports) was the
most frequently reported individual
source of pollution for all regions
combined.

In 1974, food products  in Region V
and  petroleum in Region IV (11
reports each) were the  most
frequently reported individual
sources of pollution under industrial
operations for any given region.

Transportation Operations
In 1975, transportation operations
(47 reports for all regions) had the
smallest number of reported fish kill
incidents of any major pollution
source operation.  The 10 reported
incidents involving trucks from
Region III represented the largest
number of reports in any one
region for any single source of
pollution within the transportation
operations category, or 21 percent
of the total reports. Barge or boat
operations, an individual source of
pollution,  accounted for 64 percent
of the total incidents for all regions
under transportation operations.

In 1974, transportation operations
(40 reports for all regions) also had
the smallest number of  reported
fish kill incidents of any major
pollution source operation. Truck
operations, under this category,
accounted for 26 reported
incidents, or 65 percent of the total.
Construction or Other
Operations
Other operations are a general
category for those identifiable
sources of pollution which do not
fall under the other four categories.

In 1975, of the 78 reported fish kill
incidents under the "Other
Operations" category, three regions
accounted for most of the
incidents. They were Region V with
19 reports or 24 percent, Region III
with  18 reports or 23 percent and
Region VI with 11 reports or 14
percent. In 1974, of the 74
incidents reported, four regions
accounted for most of the reported
incidents. They were Region V with
18 reports or 24 percent, Region IX
with  14 reports or 18 percent,
Region III with  12 reports or 16
percent and Region II with 10
reports or 13 percent.

In 1975, a total of 78 fish kill
incidents were reported.

There was an increase in the total
number of reported incidents (4
reports) for other operations from
1974 to 1975. However, the
number of individual reported
incidents ranged from a decrease
of 10 reports in Region  IX to an
increase of 10 reports in Region VI.

-------

-------
                                              Summary of
                                              Reported Fish Kills,
                                              Nationally
                                              and by State
16
This section of the report
summarizes fish kills reported in
1975 on a national and State-by-
State basis, using a computerized
map plotting program  from the EPA
STOrage and RETrieval (STORE!)
system. STORET is the agency's
Water Quality Information System.
The program plots each State
separately and pinpoints each
reported fish kill within the county in
which it occurred. Each map
includes a set of symbols denoting
the size of an individual kill. Where
more than one fish kill has been
reported in a county,  note that a
multiple of symbols appear within
the county as overlays.

Figure  2 is a national chart which
indicates by percentages the total
reported fish killed by the type of
operation which may  have been
responsible for the fish kill. This
chart can also be used to compare
nation-wide causes versus causes
within any reporting State. States
which did not submit fish kill
reports in 1975 are not included.

In 1975, the largest number of
reported fish kills were classified as
cause  unknown (25 percent). The
fact that these causes are unknown
may be due to factors such as the
time of day, the season of the year,
the physical isolation  of an area,
the lack of laboratory testing
facilities, or possible manpower
shortages.

Industrial operations ranked second
(20 percent) in the number of
reported fish kills. This category
includes chemicals (5 percent),
petroleum (4 percent), mining (3
percent), food products (3
percent), paper products (2
percent), other (2 percent), and
metals (1 percent).
Agricultural operations ranked third
(19 percent). This category
includes pesticides (10 percent),
manure-silage drainage (6
percent), and fertilizers (3 percent).

Municipal operations ranked fourth
(15 percent). This category
includes sewerage systems (12
percent), power (2 percent), refuse
disposal (0.5 percent), water
systems (0.5 percent), and
swimming pool (0.5 percent).

Other operations ranked fifth (12
percent).

Transportation operations ranked
sixth, and last, (8.5) percent. This
category includes truck (6 percent),
barge and boat/pipeline (2
percent), and rail (0.5 percent).

Figures 3 through 47 show the
reported fish kills, by size and
percentages of causes, for each of
the States that reported kills in
1975. The State outlines for these
figures are provided by the U.S.
Department  of Transportation's
State County Data Bank.

-------
Figure 2
Percentage of Fish Kills Reported in
United States, by Cause—1975
                                                                                                           17

-------
                                        Figure 3
                                        State of Alabama—Reported Fish
                                        Kills,  by Size and Percentages of
                                        Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1 -100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over 1000 000
18


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Figure 4
State of Arkansas—Reported Fish
Kills, by Size and Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000
                                                                     19

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20
                                         Figure 5
                                         State of California- Reported Fish
                                         Kills, by Size and Percentages of
                                         Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over 1000 000

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Figure 6
State of Colorado—Reported Fish
Kills, by Size and Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
•      over  1000000
                                                                    21

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                                         Figure 7
                                         State of Connecticut—Reported
                                         Fish Kills, by Size and Percentages
                                         of Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over 1000 000
22


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Figure 8
State of Delaware—Reported Fish
Kills, by Size and Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000
                                                                    23

-------
                                         Figure 9
                                         State of Florida—Reported Fish
                                         Kills, by Size and Percentages of
                                         Causes^1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
•      over  1000000
24
                                                                     
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Figure 10
State of Georgia—Reported Fish
Kills, by Size and  Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000
                                                                    25

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Figure 11
State of Hawaii—Since the
Department of Transportation State
County Data Bank does not  include
a state outline for Hawaii, a map
showing reported fish kills by size
has not been included in this
report.
The EPA's STORET computer
system is investigating the
expansion of the Department of
Transportation's data bank to
eventually include Hawaii.

The chart shows that industrial
operations accounted for 100
percent of the fish kills reported for
Hawaii in 1975.
Drainage Canal—Honolulu, 1,000 Fish Reported Killed

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Figure 12
State of Idaho—Reported Fish Kills.
by Size and Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000
                                                                    27

-------
                                        Figure 13
                                        State of Indiana—Reported Fish
                                        Kills, by Size and Percentages of
                                        Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
•      over  1000000
28

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Figure 14
State of Iowa—Reported Fish Kills,
by Size and Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
+      over  1000000
                                                                    29

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30
                                        Figure 15
                                        State of Illinois—Reported Fish Kills,
                                        by Size and Percentages of
                                        Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000

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Figure 16
State of Kansas—Reported Fish
Kills, by Size and Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000
                                                                 31

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                                         Figure 17
                                         State of Kentucky—Reported Fish
                                         Kills, by Size and Percentages of
                                         Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•        1-100
•      100-1000
A     1000-10000
+   10000 100000
X  100000-1000000
*     over 1000 000
32

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Figure 18
State of Louisiana—Reported Fish
Kills, by Size and Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000
                                                                     33

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                                         Figure 19
                                         State of Maine—Reported Fish Kills,
                                         by Size and Percentages of
                                         Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000
34

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Figure 20
State of Maryland—Reported Fish
Kills, by Size and Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000
                                                                    35

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36
                                        Figure 21
                                        State of Massachussetts^Reported
                                        Fish Kills, by Size and Percentages
                                        of Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1 -100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000

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Figure 22
State of Michigan—Reported Fish
Kills, by Size and Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
•      over  1000 000
                                                                    37

-------
                                        Figure 23
                                        State of Minnesota—Reported Fish
                                        Kills, by Size and Percentages of
                                        Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000
38

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Figure 24
State of Mississippi—Reported Fish
Kills, by Size and Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
•      over  1000000
                                                                     39

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40
                                        Figure 25
                                        State of Missouri—Reported Fish
                                        Kills, by Size and Percentages of
                                        Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000000

-------
Figure 26
State of Montana—Reported Fish
Kills, by Size and  Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000
                                                                     41


-------
                                        Figure 27
                                        State of Nebraska—Reported Fish
                                        Kills,  by Size and Percentages of
                                        Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000000
42

-------
Figure 28
State of Nevada—Reported Fish
Kills, by Size and Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•        1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000
                                                                    43

-------
                                        Figure 29
                                        State of New Hampshire—Reported
                                        Fish Kills, by Size and Percentages
                                        ot Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000
44

-------
                            Figure 30

                            State of New Jersey—Reported
                            Fish Kills, by Size and Percentages
                            of Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
4      over  1000 000
                                                                                                 45
Fifteen additional Fish Kills
occurred in the State of New
Jersey in 1975. However, reports
on these kills were received too
late and are not shown here.

-------
                                         Figure 31
                                         State of New Mexico—Reported
                                         Fish Kills, by Size and Percentages
                                         of Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000
46

-------
Figure 32
State of New York—Reported Fish
Kills, by Size and Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•        1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000
                                                                    47

-------
                                         Figure 33
                                         State of North Carolina—Reported
                                         Fish Kills, by Size and Percentages
                                         of Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000000
48

-------
Figure 34
State of Ohio—Reported Fish Kills,
by Size and Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
•      over  1000000
                                                                    49

-------
                                        Figure 35
                                        State of Oklahoma—Reported Fish
                                        Kills,  by Size and Percentages of
                                        Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over 1000000
50


-------
Figure 36
State of Oregon—Reported Fish
Kills, by Size and Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000
                                                                   51

-------
                                         Figure 37
                                         State of Pennsylvania—Reported
                                         Fish Kills, by Size and Percentages
                                         of Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
•      over  1000 000
52

-------
Figure 38
State of South Carolina—Reported
Fish Kills, by Size and Percentages
of Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over 1000000
                                                                    53

-------
                                        Figure 39
                                        State of South Dakota—Reported
                                        Fish Kills, by Size and Percentage
                                        of Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
•      over  1000 000
54

-------
Figure 40
State of Tennessee—Reported Fish
Kills, by Size and  Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000
                                                                    55

-------
56
                                        Figure 41
                                        State of Texas—Reported Fish Kills,
                                        by Size and Percentages of
                                        Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
*      over  1000 000

-------
Figure 42
State of Utah—Reported Fish Kills,
by Size and Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
4      over  1000 000
                                                                    57

-------
                                        Figure 43
                                        State of Vermont—Reported Fish
                                        Kills, by Size and Percentages of
                                        Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
•      over  1000000
58

-------
Figure 44
State of Virginia—Reported Fish
Kills, by Size and Percentages of
Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
4      over  1000 000
                                                                     59

-------
60
                                        Figure 45
                                        State of Washington—Reported
                                        Fish Kills, by Size and Percentages
                                        of Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
•»•    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
4>      over  1000000
                                             m
                                                          jr

-------
Figure 46
State of West Virginia—Reported
Fish Kills, by Size and Percentages
of Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
•      over  1000000
                                                                     61

-------
                                        Figure 47
                                        State of Wisconsin—Reported Fish
                                        Kills, by Size and Percentages of
                                        Causes—1975
Fish Kills by Size
•         1-100
•       100-1000
A      1000-10000
+    10000-100000
X   100000-1000000
•      over  1000 000
62

-------

-------

-------
Table 10

Report of
Fish Kills,
1975
Cause
Identified
Table 10 lists the 543 reported fish
kills for which the pollution-source
was specified. Tabular heading
information for each fish kill
includes state, body of water, city
or town, date of kill, cause, type of
fish killed (game or non-game),
percent of fish killed, severity,
extent of damage, and duration.
Body of water
ALABAMA
Valley Cr__ __ _ 	 	
York Branch __ 	

Wheeler Res
Wilson Lake
Norman Cr & Trib
Tr-Persimmon Cr v
Tr-Blackwood Cr
CatomaCr— 	 -
Wilson Lake


Turkey Cr
ARKANSAS
Lake Enterprise
Private Pond
Gulpha Cr Lake __ .
Private Pond

Private Pond
CALIFORNIA
Lake Lindero
G Lateral Canal






Holtville Drn #8
Salton Sea
Indian Cr Reserv
Drainage Ditch

Canals 	 	 	
Webber Cr
U Squaw Cr Cove
Shasta Lake
Lt Backbne Cr Cv
LI Squaw Cr Cove
Irrigation Canal
Chicken Ranch Cr 	 „
Upper Truckee R 	 	
Long Lake 	 ...
San Joaquin R 	
Pajaro Cr
Y Ditch 	
COLORADO
S Platte R 	 	 _
La Fk-Gunnison R
DELAWARE
Island Cr 	
Grays Branch
Trib-Shellpot Cr .
Farm Pond 	 	
FLORIDA
Williams Point L 	
Peace R
Tree 0 Ripe Lake 	
Garrison Bight - 	
Pit 	 „ 	
Canal & Orange R
U St Marys R _ 	 .
Woodland Lake 	 	
Lake Davis 	
Lake Susannah 	 - .
Pit .__. 	 	
Canal 	
Aneon Cr _
No Name (Pond) „ _ _ -
GEORGIA
Sweetwater Cr 	 .
Warrior Cr 	
Cabin Cr ~ - .
Pond . 	 	
City or town
Bessemer


Decatur

Fruithurst 	 .
Greenville 	 	 	
Headland 	
Montgomery

Tarrant City


Ashley Co
Desna Co
Garland Co 	
Lonoke Co
Nevada Co
Pulaski





Fairfield


Holtville 	
Imperial
Markleeville
Marysville

Niland
Placerville 	
Redding 	
Redding'.—
Redding 	 	
Redding
Ripley 	
Sacramento
S Lake Tahoe
Suiter Co
Tracy 	
Watsonville__
Wister — 	 	
Denver 	
Gunnison
Dagsboro -
Laurel 	
Wilmington — -J
Woodside 	
Cocoa Beach
Ft Meade 	
Haines City 	
Key West
Lehigh Acres
Macclenny 	
Orange Co 	
Orlando
Orlando
Plant City —
Sunrise 	
Tallahassee 	
Winter Garden 	
Austel 	 	
Cool Spring 	
Coosa 	
Edison 	
Date
70875
102275
10 03 75
1211 75
72675
62975
52875
802 75
52875
80775
70275
807 75
201 75
822 75
90875
827 75
82675
50975
10 07 75
10 15 75
9 1475
91475
506 75
122475
52875
100275
509 75
11 04 75
92775
92575
614 75
51275
100475
510 75
62675
422 75
7 1075
610 75
610 75
627 75
611 75
929 75
507 75
80675
802 75
90575
71975
625 75
100275
60675
1027 75
52275
7 1075
12 1075
52675
7 19 75
401 75
30275
72875
6 1975
102075
31075
10 29 75
93075
601 75
42375
72875
60575
1001 75
100575
701 75
82575
82975
20675
71375
Cause1
see
code
page
31
42
11
24
11
50
50
11
31
11
50
11
42
11
11
50
11
41
11
11
11
11
50
11
33
50
50
11
50
44
31
11
31
31
11
42
44
21
21
21
11
34
•31
11
11
11
11
24
31
42
35
11
41
34
13
31
21
11
50
28
28
31
28
12
11
42
28
11
25
11
23
13
23
50
11
Type of I sh killed
Percent
game
3
32
12
13
11
60
100
14
17
3





100
5
70
10
50
100
10
100
100
96
20
100
100
10
75
100
100
100
100
70
3
50
100
2
95
100
25
10
75
75
60
44
90
90
28
5
100
90
90
75
30
100
100
Percent
non-
game
97
68
88
87
89
40
100
86
100
83
97






100
95
30
100
90
50
100
90
4
80
90
25

100
30
97
100
98
100
5
75
90
100
25
25
40
66
100
10
10
72
95
10
100
10
25
70

Percent
kill with
commercial
value


14
26
40

8
10
97
























23
	


	




Estimated
fish killed
953
546
13,985
4,890
48,302
25
354
3,000
1,795
3,019
37,392
186
2,500


4,000
3,000
10,000
2,000
500
2,500
100
790
500
3,000
200,000
47
234
10,000
500
1,000
10,000
100
150
100
50
50
600
100
250
10,575
1,500
2,000
200
3,000
560
2,365
750
150
7,166
25
50
600
6,000
562
4.000
40,000
42,653
2,000
26
500
14
1,750
600
100
7,500
500

Severity2
see code
page 71
4
1
2
2
2
1
3
2
3
2
3
2
4
3


2
2
2
2
2
1
1
4
1
2
4
1
3
3
2
3
2
2
1
4
4
4
4
3
1
4
2
1
2
1
3
4
1
3
3
1
2
3
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
3
4
4
2
4
2
3
4
2
2
4
1
Estimated
acres
affected3
page 71
1M
1M
3M
43A
166A
4M
1M
2M
2M
166A
1M
1M
3M
5A


4M
14A
2M
7M
1M
8M
2M
1M
2M
1M
15M
1M
3M
1M
1M
4A
1A
1A
4A
1M
1M
1M
10A
1A
1M
2M
1M
4M
1M
2M
5A
1M
1A
2A
5M
8A
15A
10A
2M
4M
1A
18A
5A
1A
34A
1M
2M
15M
27M
1M
10A
2A
Duration
)ays
1
1
3
2
2
1
5
2
3
2





1




1
3
1
1
......
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
3
4
1

2
1
2
1
1
1
5
2
2
6
1
Hrs.
5
	
	










	


20


12
12

8
12"
1
24
	



	
	

                                                                         65

-------
                                    Table 10

                                    Report of
                                    Fish Kills
                                    1975
                                    Cause
                                    Identified

                                    Continued
66
Body of water
Cabin Cr
Pond
HAWAII
Drainage Channel
IDAHO
Thurman Ditch
ILLINOIS
Mackinaw R
Trib-Kaskaskia R
Kings Mill Cr

Goose Cr
Sugar Cr
E Br Panther Cr
Trib Cedar Cr
William Orril Pd
Swank Cr
Mendota Cr 	
Mid Fk Vermilion
U I Rifle Rge Pd
Scattering Fork
Clear Cr-Apple R 	
Kings Milt Cr _ 	
INDIANA
Center Run
Six Mile Cr
Mud & Mill Cr
Black Cr & Trib
Lick Run 	
Dry Run Cr.
Fall Cr
Tr Big Raccoon C
Lt Ratrock R
White R
Grassy Fork Cr
Salamonie R
Bice Ditch _
W Fork of Blue R
Rush Cr _
French Lick Cr
Sulphur Cr
Stoney Cr 	
IOWA
South R 	
Clanton Cr
KANSAS
Grouse Cr
Cowskin Cr
Shady Brook 	
Payne Cr
Elm Cr
Russell City La
Spring & Slate Cr
KENTUCKY
Salt R
Wolf Cr
Rush & Crooked C
Toms Cr
Skaggs Cr 	 	
LOUISIANA
Bayou Braud
Dry Creek
Brush Bayou

Bayou Smith
New R
Bayou Blue
By Petit Caillou
Company Canal
Patout Canal



Muddy Bayou
MAINE
Maduskeag Stream
City or town








Deland 	
East Moline
El Paso

Frederick _ _
Indianola
Mendota
Potomac
Savoy

Warren
Yuton

Charlottesville
Cloverdale

Frankfort


Ladoga
Milroy

Point Isabel
Portland
Remington
Salem 	
Salem
West Baden
Williams
Windsor
Indianola



Hillsboro

Miller
Russell
Wellington _ 	

Harrodsburg
Inez
Marion

Tompkinsville
Baton Rouge
Carville 	 -
Castor
Shreveport

Geismar
Geismar
Grosse Tele 	
Houma
Lockport
Patoutville

Port Allen
White Castle
White Castle
Hodqdon
Date
901 75
901 75
1209 75
801 75
90675
52375
50675
5 1475
605 75
1 21 75
1 1 26 75
92975
902 75
71975
1001 75
5 12 75
52975
903 75
523 75
828 75
50875
627 75
7 16 75
5 14 75
405 75
6 1575
82375
62075
91375
805 75
822 75
11 06 75
5 1375
8 14 75
8 18 75
70775
8 18 75
706 75
524 75
82875
605 75
8 14 75
83075
5 1675
52375
22775
1 1 08 75
6 1075
70775
1 2675
9 19 75
6 19 75
707 75
101075
628 75
82375
82275
2 1675
92775
91775
6 1075
8 15 75
821 75
1201 75
731 75
701 75
82675
902 75
71075
Cause 1
see
code
page
23
11
25
11
13
50
28
13
12
28
12
25
13
13
26
12
31
24
22
13
12
13
13
11
12
50
31
13
22
33
22
31
11
31
13
31
28
13
31
13
11
24
13
13
13
13
25
21
31
21
31
13
13
31
50
25
31
31
24
24
50
11
11
22
50
11
11
11
11
Type of fsh killed
Percent
game
60
50
10
3
1
5
4
1
1
100
4
12
58
1
10

50
23
25
3
50
52
12
2
99
45
78
8
25
42
1
80
20
10
20
95
40
30
8





5
80
64
100

50
80
70
1
15
5
2
100
Percent
non-
game
40
100
90
97
99
95
96
100
99
99
96
88
42
100
99
90
100
50
77
75
100
97
50
48
88
98
1
100
55
22
92
75
58
99
20
80
90
80
5
60
70
92





95
20
36
100
50
20
30
99
85
100
95
98
Percent
kill with
commercial
value




8
1
43
11
2
81
1

5
17
7



















20
25
30
40
25
30
10





10
40
50
25
2
10
15
90
97
20

Estimated
fish killed
5,000
1.000
275
173,831
5,427
3,329
45,395
8,804
20,539
415
359
31,665
170
177
3,849
4,207
16,850
500
5,812
1,670
568
181
500
959
800
1,073
905
5,000
675
10,000
1,458
608
1,233
370
1,825
15
900
1,000
29,933
1,500
750
250
2,100
3,646
15,819
38,425
12,662
57,508
30,000
800
500

2,000
28,319
100
370
4,000
500
300
Severity2
see code
page 71
3
2
2
1
2
3
4
3
2
3
1
1
3
2
4
4
3
4
3
2
1
2
2
1
4
2
2
3
2
3
2
3
1
2
3
2
3
2
4
2
3
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
1
3
3
1
1
2
2
3
4
3
1
1
Estimated
miles or
acres
affected3
page 71
15A
3A
1M
2M
14M
2M
12M
4M
9M
1M
4M
1M
2A
2M
1M
2M
1A
3M
4M
3M
2M
3M
14M
5M
3M
1M
1M
3M
2M
1M
3M
3M
3M
2M
2M
1M
2M
3M
6M
3M
8M
8M
2M
1M
3M
82A
2M
6M
4M
14M
6M
2M
6M
10M
4M
1M
1M
5M
2M
3M
11M
5M
4M
2M
2M
2M
3M
3M
1M
Duration
Days
2
99
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
8


2

1
5
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
3

5
3
2
5
3
1
2


4
2
2
5
9
3
1
1



_______
5
5



Mrs.







	
12~
	

	






















12
12
12
	
24





36

36


-------
Body of water

Trafton Lake 	
MARYLAND
Spesutie Narrows
Tr Lt Antietam C
Hawlings R _-
Trib-Beaver Cr
Flintstone Cr
Tr-Ballinger Cr — 	
St Martins R
Wellers Pond
Tr-Lt Catoctin C

Tr-Rock Cr
MASSACHUSETTS
Hoosic R


Assabet R

Little River
Little River
MICHIGAN




Brent Run 	
Lost Cr
Trib Rouge R
LakeCr 	 	
MINNESOTA
Badger Cr
South Crow R
Duschee Creek
Cascade Cr 	
MISSISSIPPI
Bayou Benard
Hennessys Bayou
MISSOURI
Monnegaw Cr 	
White Oak Cr__. 	
Drainage Ditch
Smith Pond
N Fk Moreau R „ 	
Ditch No 10 	
FoxR 	 	 ___
Bear Cr
Clear Cr -
Flat Branch
Caulks Cr 	
Drainage Ditch 	
E Fk Fishing R 	
No Name Cr 	
Truitt Cr 	
Lt R Drnge Ditch . - -
Johnson Cr 	
Pond
Osage River _ _ 	
Dry Auglaize Cr 	
Shoal Cr
Charilon R 	
Bechtold Pond 	
SFabius R 	
Long Cr 	 	 _
Big R
Lt Courtoip Cr
Breton Cr 	 ._
Middle Fabius R 	
River Des Peres ..
Fishpol Cr 	 	
James R _ . 	
Tarkio R
Meister Branch 	
Spencer Cr . „ 	
Prtelps Pond 	
Unnamed Cr _ 	 -
Ball Cr
City or town
Houlton
Limestone
Aberdeen 	
Boonsboro 	
Brookeville _


Frederick
Holiday Harbor
Lisbon 	
Middletown
Perry Hall
Rockville
Adams 	
Dighton


Medfield
Westfield
Westfield




Holland
Mt Morris

Rockford ._
Saranac . __
Houston Co
Hutchinson. _ f
Lanesboro 	
Rochester __ _.
Biloxi 	 -
Vicksburg —
Appleton City
Avilla _ _ 	 _
Bernie - 	
Bernie 	
California - --
Campbell . _.
Chambersburg _
Columbia __
Columbia 	
Columbia 	
Ellisville - — —
Essex __
Excelcior Sprgs .
Greenville __ —
Heatonville 	
Hornersvilte 	
Kahoka _ 	
Krakow 	
Lake Ozark _ _
Lebanon
Liberty— — -
Macon__
New Melle — _ .
Palmyra ._ . —
Polo 	
Potosi 	
Potosi 	
Potosi .. 	
Rutledge 	
St Louis 	
St Louis - 	
Springfield 	
Tarkio 	
Troy 	
Vandalia 	
Walker 	 	
Weldon Spring
Zell 	
Date
7 16 75
71575
1 28 75
80275
40375
70975
72375
409 75
61875
7 14 75
62775
505 75
6 11 75
5 2275
72675
825 75
7 10 75
62775
70975
70975
93075
70275
901 75
10 14 75
924 75
8 1875
5 19 75
803 75
12 09 75
5 15 75
11 15 75
11 1675
5 23 75
fl 08 75
6 21 75
102375
801 75
40375
809 75
8 11 75
5 12 75
5 1275
90675
42975
807 75
801 75
6 10 75
82275
42275
52475
82975
307 75
731 75
10 16 75
41775
328 75
90875
527 75
811 75
60875
2 1375
100375
51775
8 1675
9 1875
30275
7 1875
60975
9 11 75
831 75
72975
42875
428 75
51275
41875
309 75
Cause1
see
code
page
71
11
11
25
31
31
50
50
12
31
13
13
25
42
24
31
50
31
31
23
23
42
50
13
28
24
42
50
13
31
13
42
24
11
11
44
24
23
24
21
50
11
11
31
35
50
35
33
50
31
11
31
50
44
23
44
44
35
31
31
11
50
42
12
21
21
25
50
24
31
31
12
44
13
12
44
13
Type of fsh killed
Percent
game
100
50
1
1
1
1
1
25

1

100



10
20
25
70
20
100
5
100
40
100
60
5
1
60
40
5
20
100
1
48
20
6
8
30
20
100
100
60
40
10
10
2
40
13
20
Percent
non-
game

50
99
99
99
100
99
100
99
75
100
100
99
100

100
100
100
100
90
100
80
75
30
80
95
60
40
95
100
99
40
60
95
100
100
80
99
52
80
94
100
92
100
70
80
100
100
100
40
60
100
100
90
90
98
100
60
87
100
100
100
80
Percent
kill with
commercial
value








100




100
















	
Estimated
tish killed
150
300
466
173
15,456
6
7.625
200
10,000
40

959
150
15,000
45
500
1,000
200
100
500
1,000
100
1,226
75
1,000
600
400
20
320
2.108
100
750
5,000
30,000
5,000
4,000
200
1,000
8,000
2,000
614
1.380
1,040
4,600
50
900
25
1,400
200
25
10
1,000
1,000
200
146
28,200
100
362
85,378
15,000
2,230
5.000
" "42,000
105,834
30
25
300
Seventy2
see code
page 71
2
1
4
4
2
4
1
2
3
3
4
4
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
2
3
1
3
1
3
1
4
1
1
3
3
2
2
2
3
3
4
3
1
1
3
2
2
2
3
1
4
2
2
4
4
3
3
4
4
2
4
4
3
4
1
2
2
2
3
2
2
2
1
4
4
1
1
4
Estimated
acres
affected3
page 71
1M
1A
720A
1M
4M
1A
1M
3M
5M
1A
7M
1M
1M
3M
1A
1M
1M
3M
2M
3M
1A
1M
2M
1M
1M
1M
1M
1M
1M
3M
1M
7M
4M
6M
12A
1M
1M
3M
1A
1M
6M
1M
1M
1M
1M
3M
1M
3M
1M
1M
1M
2M
1M
3M
1M
5M
1A
1M
2M
10M
3M
1M
1M
1M
4M
10M
8M
1M
1M
2A
4M
2M
Durat on
Days





1
1
3
1
2
19
2

1
1



1
1
1
1
2
6
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
3
1
2
2
1
6
Hrs.
24
24

7

7


7
7
4
6

6


6
ib~~~

3
12
	
	
67

-------
                                     Report of
                                     Fish Kills
                                     1975
                                     Cause
                                     Identified

                                     Continued
68
Body of waler
MONTANA

Park Lake
NEBRASKA
Goose Cr
Platte R
Wood R
Gudgel Pond
Cub Cr Trib

Lost Cr

Niobrara R
Nemaha R

NEVADA
NEW HAMPSHIRE



NEW MEXICO
Red R
Alto Lake
Alto Lake
NEW YORK
Griffin Cr 	 . ___
Griffin & Oil Cr
Debruce Hatchery
Florence Cr
Paddy Hill Cr 	
Owasco Inlet
High School Pond
Canandaigua La 0 	
Smoke Cr
Trib 1-Meco Cr 	
Canisteo R
Canisteo R
Sparkill Cr _ 	
N Br Lt Salmon R 	
Lt Black Cr _ . _ _
Virgil Cr . 	 _
W Br Delaware R - 	
Shipbuilders Cr_ _
Cold Spring Brk
Salmon Cr & Tr 3 	
NORTH CAROLINA
Sweeten Cr 	 	
Gregory Trout Pd
N Buffalo Cr _ _
Beaverdam Cr
Dunns Pond
Clear Cr
Bertie Hardin Pd 	 _.
Tar R
Trib Grants Cr
Contentnee Cr 	 	
OHIO
Trib L Riley Cr
Ashtabula R
Hocking R
Auglaize R

Trib Wheeling Cr
Trib Mill Cr
Willow Run
Mad R
LI Miami R

Lt Miami R

E Fk Lt Miami R
Sandy Cr
Sandusky R


Trib L Walnut Cr _ 	
City or town
Helmville





Grand Island
Lincoln


Schuyler 	

Spencer


Ely


North Button





Cuba
Cuba 	
Debruce 	

Greece
Groton

Hopewell


North Hornell
North Hornell
Orangeburg
Parish
Rochester
Virgil
Walton
Webster

Williamson
Asheville


Laurel Hill
Maxton 	

Raeford


Wilson
Allen Co

Athens Co
Auglaize Co
Belmont Co
Belmont Co
Butler Co
Carroll Co
Clark Co
Clark Co
Clark Co
Clark Co

Cfermont Co 	 .


Crawford Co

Fairfield Co
Date
7 30 75
7 75
701 75
10 28 75
5 29 75
9 17 75
91575
6 2475
628 75
6 1575
1 1875
32675
7 28 75
52475
4 1075
705 75
70275
42375
72975
60475
90875
40975
9 1375
70475
811 75
627 75
404 75
803 75
82075
72075
620 75
8 17 75
908 75
82775
7 03 75
70975
72975
1 1 07 75
10 1675
707 75
7 1775
72975
10 23 75
72075
42275
521 75
11 10 75
60275
92975
60575
72075
60775
909 75
90875
2 04 75
5 1975
807 75
811 75
720 75
5 19 75
417 75
80975
72975
90275
7 12 75
12 04 75
93075
32675
63075
70975
407 75
122675
50675
Cause '
see
code
page
50
11
21
12
42
50
22
13
12
12
22
13
35
11
13
21
24
28
31
31
13
21
50
50
22
22
50
33
11
34
50
31
31
50
22
22
42
50
24
50
22
31
44
22
21
50
24
42
11
11
11
31
50
31
42
11
21
31
21
42
42
25
31
25
25
12
50
41
22
31
31
50
42
Type of fish killed
Percent
game
2
100
3
99
20
100
89
100
26
100
13
34
14
100
6


15
95
100
100

100
50
70


100
2
2
1
1
5
85

1

100
50
100

85




















Percent
non-
game
98

97
1
80

11
74
87
66
86
94
100
100
100
85
5

100
100
50
100
30
100
100
100
98
98
99
99
95
15
100
100
99
100
100
100
50
100
15
100



















Percent
kill with
commercial
value

































100






































Estimated
fish killed
3,500
1,000
250
8,500
30

4,020
27
50
1,050
125
3,800
150
7,000
12,500
69
200
1,000
200
400
1,000
700
400
300
2,000
500
500
250
2,000
100
500
30.000
10.000
10.000
30.000

175
5,000
5,000
2,500
400
4,500
175
100
1,500
63
12,000
65
100
3
4,778
21
3 753
339
33
76
19
8,217
1
51
3,345
137
2,023
12,666
25,716
16,136
2
276
Severity2
see code
page 71
3
2
4
2
4
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
3
2
4
2
3
4
3
2
2
3
3
3
3
2
2
1
2
2
3
2
2
2
1
3
3
4
3
2
2
1
2
4
2
3
1
3
2
1
4
4
4

4
4








4
Estimated
miles or
acres
affected3
page 71
500A
34 6A
2A
15M
1M
7M
2M
1A
1M
1M
2M
5A
3M
2M
10A
3M
1M
160A
180A
15M
5M
20A
20A
1M
8M
1A
1M
1M
1M
1A
7M
1M
1M
2M
8M
7M
15M
2M
1M
4M
2M
4M
4M
3M
3A
2M
2M
3A
3A
9M
1M
3M


















Duration
Days
7
2











1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
3
2
1
2
4

2
3
3
1
3
1


















Hrs.




2


















1

8
4








12



1
8


3

3



















-------

Body of water
Lt Walnut Cr 	 _
Sycamore Cr „ 	
Paint Cr . _
Qlentangy Scioto
R Miller Ditch 	 	
Trib Cuyahoga R 	 	
Punderson Pk Pd 	 	 	
Muddy Cr 	
Whiskey Run . 	
Trib Ottawa R _ 	
E Trib Eagle Cr. _ .
Taylor Cr 	
Taylor Cr .. .
Vanhyning Cr 	 	
HillsboroRes 	
NorwalkCr 	 _
Kokosing R
Trib-Lake Erie
N Fk Licking R
Trib Black R _..
Blodgett Ditch 	
Ottawa R
Spring Fork
Champion Cr _
Lickskillet Run .
Hog Run
Brush Cr

Mad River 	

Trib Blue Cr
Trib Scioto R
Riley Cr

Rock Cr

Crooked Cr

Clear Cr




Wolf Cr

OKLAHOMA
Grand La 	
Washita R __.
Tiger Cr
Turkey Cr
Four Mile Cr
Unnamed Pond
Pond _ 	
Cooper Cr 	
Unnamed Pond
Flood Control Pd
Beel Cr
Grand H
Unnamed Pond
Verdigris R.
Stillwater Cr _
Farm Pond
OREGON
Johnson Cr
PENNSYLVANIA
Lehigh Canal-
Sucker Run
Cabin Branch Cr
Gray Brook Kennl
Kratzner Run
OilCr
Coplay Cr
Loyalhanna Cr
Mill Cr
Trib Welsh Run
Unnamed Run
Swiflwater Cr
Markle Run
Lealherwood Cr
Trib-Clarks

City or town
Fairlield Co
Fairfield Co
FayetteCo 	 	
Franklin Co ._.. 	
Franklin Co 	 __.
Geauga Co
Geauga Co ___ 	 	
Hamilton Co 	 .
Hamilton Co 	 	
Hancock Co
Hancock Co
Hardin Co 	
Hardin Co
Henry Co 	 	
Highland Co 	
Huron Co
Knox Co
Lake Co
Licking Co

Lucas Co 	
Lucas Co
Madison Co




Miami Co



Pike Co









W np Pn
W f


Berntce 	
Bryan Co
Creek Co
Dover
El Reno
Kingfisher Co 	
Kingfisher Co
Kingfisher Co 	
Kingfisher Co
Mcc'ain Co
Maysville
Muskogee
Perry
Rogers Co ___
Stillwater 	
Tonkawa
Portland
Seaside
Catasauqua
Coatesville 	 	
East Prospect 	
Fairvlew _ _
Grampian _
Hanover
Hokendauqua
Kingston
Montgomery Twp
New Alexandria
Pocono Twp 	
Reading Twp 	
Rockville
Rush Twp

Date
6 1575
521 75
804 75
80575
62775
8 1275
50275
822 75
82375
92375
8 19 75
8 09 75
83075
820 75
4 12 75
901 75
8 18 75
707 75
727 75
1 1 06 75
43075
5 22 75
806 75
822 75
824 75
817 75
8 21 75
2 21 75
1 07 75
2 22 75
3 06 75
7 17 75
4 11 75
11 09 75
8 29 75
9 09 75
8 05 75
5 19 75
6 24 75
8 23 75
10 15 75

7 26 75
7 29 75
726 75
521 75
926 75
100575
102075
10 03 75
52675
524 75
52075
524 75
2 02 75
11 1375
22875
60775
90575
1 21 75
52975
604 75
7 16 75
531 75
120575
730 75
8 25 75
7 18 75
82275
42575
52775
1003 75
6 14 75
6 1775
60375
9 0475
8 06 75
10 12 75
82875
Cause1
see
code
page
13
31
31
31
50
25
50
31
50
42
31
24
24
22
12
35
26
50
24
22
24
31
13
50
25
50
13
31
50
1 1

50
50
50
13
13
50

23





22
50
25
50
25
41
50
50
12
50
25
28
41
42
28
25
11
26
50
25
24
50
42
31
50
24
50
11
25
24
13
13
21
42
Type of fish killed
Percent
kill with
Percent rercent commercial
9ame gTrne value












































4 96 	
1 99 	
10 90 	
8 92 	
100 	
100 	
100 	
20 BO 	
25 75 	
10 90 	
10 90 	
80 20 	
1 99 	
100 	
100 	
5 95 — 	 	
100 	
20 80 	
9 91 	
100 	
100 	
100 	
100 	 J
100 	
85 15 	
12 88 	
10 90 	 -,
50 50 	

Estimated
fish killed
1,122
200
6,938
722
110
75
185
3000
1 126
1 894
200
1 009
1 175
1 647
6
2245
24
12
78
25
3034
6236
22,490
38950
996
21 010
6690
25
89
18
5
1 1 ,603
4
157
160
2,973
185
8,462
382
9
61
150
2.096
217
45
3,000
400
37.260
205.420
900
2.405
12
300
750
200
18,550
192
550
1,028
380
1,200
1,645
1,119
773
3,317
78
300
125
1,182
1.010
19.000
220

see code
page 71

	













4









4

4
4

4






4




4
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
4
1
4
4
1
3
4
2
2
4
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
1
3
4
2
3
2
Estimated
acres
affected3
page 71











































100A
3A
1M
8M
5A
3M
3A
15A
1M
3A
8A
1M
1M
1A
2M
1M
2A
2M
1M
1M
1M
1M
1M
2M
3M
1M
1M
1M
1M
1M
4M
2M
1M
Durati
Days











































1
4
2
3
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
3
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
7

an
Mrs.












































36
10
1
9
	
6

69

-------
                                    Table 10

                                    Report of
                                    Fish Kills
                                    1975
                                    Cause
                                    Identified

                                    Continued
70
Body of water
Irib-Sandy Cr



Brush Cr




Grand Central Cr

TENNESSEE
Cherokee Res Emb


Rutherford Cr
Rutherford Cr
Jones Cr
Harpeth R
Coal Cr
Big Rock Cr
Big Big by Cr
Trace Cr

TEXAS
San Jacinto Bay
Brazos R Auth Ca
Brazos R Auth Ca
Thompson Cr 	

U Carbide Ditch
HL&P Old DiscCa 	
Baker Slough .__

Trinity R 	

Big Cypress Cr
Trout Cr 	
Red Arroyo Draw

UTAH
Mill Cr

VIRGINIA
Carsbrook Sub La
Trib-Dogue Cr 	
Lake Barcroft -_
Whitney Branch
Trib-Beaver Cr
Lick Cr
Deep Run
L Reed Island Cr 	 	

James R 	
James R

Pigg R

Tnb-Broad Run _ 	
WASHINGTON
McDowell La
Shelabarger Cr 	

Unnamed Cr 	
Walla Walla R 	
Lake Washington

WEST VIRGINIA
Mill Run
Elk Cr


Hans Cr

Willow Island Cr

Whitestick Cr


West Fork R _ _ _ 	
City or town








West Pikeland
Wind Gap







Franklin
Lake City




Baytown
B razor i a Co









Lone Star
Newton Co







Blufield
Bristol


Hillsville 	





Saltville

Colville


Puyallup 	
Reese
Seattle









Raleigh Co
Ritchie Co
Upshur Co
Weston _ 	 .
Dale
52875
721 75
8 19 75
6 14 75
731 75
7 04 75
41575
7 28 75
8 21 75
2 01 75
4 02 75
602 75
62475
402 75
708 75
625 75
7 1375
709 75
10 01 75
8 1475
6 1075
9 11 75
9 11 75
52775
3 1075
6 24 75
62775
1030 75
92975
72375
10 20 75
730 75
1 31 75
12 14 75
7 10 75
32675
32775
8 14 75
7 15 75
2 1275
529 75
6 12 75
422 75
1 1 20 75
11 04 75
802 75
6 1875
627 75
8 04 75
605 75
50875
72975
629 75
7 18 75
307 75
301 75
606 75
10 26 75
1206 75
8 11 75
411 75
827 75
6 1675
9 1975
902 75
82975
9 1975
41575
80575
63075
10 07 75
70775
90375
7 11 75
Cause'
see
code
page
71
50
50
11
50
31
21
35
50
42
42
24
42
26
24
21
50
31
31
42
31
24
31
24
11
11
44
31
24
35
23
23
31
22
26
31
31
31
33
11
50
50
42
22
42
21
24
42
50
42
31
24
42
28
50
50
50
28
50
25
11
50
13
50
32
31
44
50
50
44
32
25
25
31
33
Type of fish killed
Percent
game
100
100
2


10
25
7
29
80
1
3
1
4
4
2
2
3
1
5
20

70
100

80
22

100
60
40
40
too
6
100
25

1
50
10
50
100
60
40
10
100
100
100
20

100
40
3
20
5
12
1
2
2

50
1
Percent
non-
game


98
100
100
100
90
100
75
93
71
20
99
97
99'
96
96
98
98
97
100
99
95
80
100
30
100
100
20
78
100
100
40
60
60
94
100
75
100
100
100
50
90
50

40
60
90
100



80
100
60
97
80
95
88
99
98
98
100
100
50
99
Percent
kill with
commercial
value











1
4
40
7
10




10
10


























too























Estimated
fish killed
14
2,400
3,012
100
2,285
6,600
8.085
400
1,325
103,078
1,615
130
273,168
68,239
3,444
692
1,783
66,447
15.361
585
186
200
6,000
700
100
500
300
0 000 000
10.000
500
1 000
24
600
1 737
1 000
1,000
300
90
1,017
200
135
4,600
2,000
10.666
90
719
300
3,892
8,000
2,936
7,418
28,704
2 810
4,236
5,000
20
5,000

5.000
100
709
131
1 252
6,000
41,945
8,172
903
150
65
51
189
Severity2
see code
page 71
4
1
2
4
2
2
2
3
2
2
2
3
2
2
2
2
3
3
2
2
3
3
4






2
3




1
1
1
3
3
4
2
2
2
4
3
3
1
2
4
2
2
1
3
4
4
1
1
4
3
4
3
2
2
2
2
3
4
4
4
3
Estimated
miles or
acres
affected3
page 71
1M
1M
2M
2M
2M
7M
1M
12M
1M
1A
64M
50A
2M
2M
1M
2M
4M
3M
1M
1M
1M






3M
4M

1M
1M
1M
2M
1M
3A
1M
1M
1M
1M
3M
1M
6M
1A
1A
20M
1M
1M
24M
1M
1A
33A
1M
59A
1M
8M
1M
2M
1M
3M
1M
1M
1M
1M
1M
3M
1M
1M
1M
2M
Duration
Days
1
1
2
1
4
3

3
1
1
4
2
2
2
3
2
2
2
1
1
2












2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
14
1
2
1
1

1





5

Mrs.
E
— -




— -


















4

— -
	
	


	
	




	

12
8
12
"l2~~
~T~
	

-------
Body of water
WISCONSIN
Manitowoc R 	 	
Section 11 — 	 	
Willow R 	
Oconto R
City or town
Chilton
Glenwood Cjty
New Richmond
Oconto Falls
Date
71975
5-75
72275
905 75
62675
Cause '
see
code
page
71
50
13
31
31
23
Type of fish killed
Percent
game
51
80
10
50
Percent
non-
game
49
20
90
50
100
Percent
kill with
commercial
value


Estimated
fish killed
100
500
5,000
350
600
Severity2
see code
page 71
2
2
2
2
4
Estimated
miles or .
acres
affected 3
page 71
1M
5M
2M
1M
Duration
Days


Mrs.

24
                                                                                                                                 71
CODES
    1 CAUSE:
        10 Agricultural Operations
            11 Pesticides (Herbicides, Insecticides, etc.)
            12 Fertilizers
            13 Manure, Silo, Feedlot Drainage, etc.

        20 Industrial Operations
            21 Mining
            22 Food & Kindred Products
            23 Paper & Allied  Products
            24 Chemicals
            25 Petroleum
            26 Metals
            27 Combinations
            28 Other

    2 SEVERITY:
        1 Complete
        2 Heavy
        3 Moderate
        4 Light
    30 Municipal Operations
        31  Sewerage System
        32  Refuse Disposal
        33  Water System
        34  Swimming Pool
        35  Power

    40 Transportation Operations
        41  Rail
        42  Truck
        43  Barge or Boat
        44  Pipe Line

    50 Other Operations

3 ESTIMATED MILES OR ACRES AFFECTED
A = Acres
M- Miles

-------
                                           Table 11

                                           Report of
                                           Fish Kills
                                           1975
                                           Cause
                                           Not Specifically
                                           Identified
Table 11 lists the 168 individual fish
kills with pollution source not
specified. Kills from natural causes
are not included.
72
Body of water
ARKANSAS


Horseshoe Lake 	
S Fk Saline R
Saline R 	
Smith Park Lake


Rolling Fork Cr


Old River Lake






CALIFORNIA
2047 Canal 	
Lost Lake

Willow Cr

Lake Hemet
San Gabriel R






Slough-Del Paso
Chicken Ranch SI 	 _


Stockton Ca

Old R
Ventura R 	 	


COLORADO
St Vrain R
CONNECTICUT
Rooster R
FLORIDA
Blue SinK
Lake Catherine


Peace R -

Sky Lake
Lake Catherine
Fairview Lake
Lt Lake Barton
La Jennie Jewel
Lake Tyner
Mead Manor Lake -- 	
Rodman Reservoir
Rodman Dam 	 — .
GEORGIA
Buffalo Cr 	
Corbin Cr 	 -
ILLINOIS
Wolf Lake






INDIANA

City or town

Cabot


Garland Co
Grant Co
Miller Co
Pine Bluff
Pine Bluff
Polk Co


Pulaski Co
Pulaski Co


• Pulaski Co



Blythe ]
Castaic Junction 	







Redwood City
Rio Oso



Stockton

Sutter Co

Ventura



Bridgeport


Castleberry 	
Clermont

R Meade
Maitland
Orlando
Orlando _ __ _
Orlando j
Orlando
Orlando
Orlando - _ _
Ov edo
Pa atka
Paatka 	
Carrollton 	
Hiawassee

Chicago
Decatur 	
Dekalb
Dekalb 	
Menorninee Sta
Muncie
Sharpsburg
Greenhill

Date
623 75
62375
7 27 75
804 75
6 26 75
825 75
821 75
4 19 75
7 15 75
724 75
11 14 75
10 21 75
82975
8 18 75
4 19 75
72975
729 75
8 21 75
11 1975
60275
11 25 75
10 08 75
7 2075
708 75
70475
20575
5 29 75
9 1075
60475
53075
602 75
5 31 75
70675
92775
60675
1001 75
405 75
52475
1025 75
604 75
60975
60275
90275
92275
603 75
528 75
5 01 75
42075
5 21 75
120275
521 75
7 1675
5 19 75
52675
93075
404 75
50575
501 75
91275
1001 75
430 75
72775
82675
409 75
72075
92675
822 75
511 75
7 07 75
90875
32675
Type of
Percent
game
10
20
















100
40
100
10
100
100
100
t 8
100
4
. 100
28
75
92
84
75
100

10

100

25



100
60


10
100
98
90
66
98
86
4
11
20
15
18

sh killed
Percent
non-
game
90
80















100
60
90
100

100
92
96
100
72
25
8
16
25
100
100
90
100

100
75




40


90
2
10
34
2
14
96
89
80
85
82

Percent
kill with
commercial
value











































100










100





34
13
1
17
79
2
4

Estimated
fish killed






800




2,500





75
25
1.100
75
1.500
4,000
2,000
25
2
100
782
200
54
25
150
350
3,000
301
510
5,000
15,000
150
3,500
1,000,000
12,500
150

100
150
109

15
250
150
25
90
1,000
500
3,454
1,958
2,009
26,799
27,588
351
22,404
10,205
1,200
Severity1
see code
page 74
4
3
1

2
3






4

2
3
4
4
2
2
3
2
4
4
4
2
2
3
4
3
4
1
4
3
1
1
4
2
1
1
2
4
4
3
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
1
2
3
2
2
2
3
2
2
3
Estimated
miles or
acres
affected2
page 74
5A
2M


2A











10M
1A
10M
1M
1M
1M
1M
1M
1A
5M
1A
1M
1M
5M
1M
2M
5M
1M
5M
3M
1M
1M
6A
1A
5A
20M
1A
1A
1A
30A
74A
3A
7A
1A
1A
5M
2M
6A
1M
3A
4W
5M
1M
3M
3M
8M
Durat on
Days



















11


1
1


5
10






2
1
1
7
1
4
1
8
1
2
3
1
1
1
1
2
7
1
1
1
2

4
3
2
4
2
1
3

Mrs.



















	

6









24

12
	
_____

	






	
	
1


	


-------
Body of water
Mounts Run 	
St Joseph R 	
IOWA
Squaw Cr 	
KANSAS
Little Mill Cr -
KENTUCKY
MillCr 	 - -
MARYLAND
MASSACHUSETTS
Mt Hope Bay_ 	
Beaverdam Brook
Straits Pond _ -
MICHIGAN
Ecopse Cr 	
Patter Drain _ 	
MISSOURI
Ditch #79
MONTANA
NEBRASKA
Kreitman Pond


SaltCr

NEVADA
Solar Meadws Byu
NEW JERSEY
NORTH CAROLINA
Livingston Cr
Hominy Cr
Mixons Cr ___
Price Cr . _
Enka Lake
Juniper Swamp
Saddletree Canal
N Fk Catawba R
OHIO
Miami Erie Canal 	
Kopp Cr 	
Miami Erie Canal
Mud Run 	
Blacklick Cr
Old Town Run
Blanchard River 	
Gr Miami R
Seven Mile Cr
Paramour Cr .
South Cr 	
Leatherwood Cr
Tuscarawas R
W Br Nimishellen . 	 	 	
Apple Cr
OKLAHOMA
Crutcho Cr
Fouche Maline Cr
Spring Lake _
Leader Cr _
OREGON
Johnson Cr
Johnson Cr
PENNSYLVANIA
Powdermill Bun
Conncaut Outlt C 	 _
Wyommissing Cr
City or town
Gadsden 	 	
Ames

Monroe Co 	

Brayton Point
Framingham 	 	
Hull
Erie
. Lincoln Park _ 	


Great Falls

Basse tt






Acme 	
Asheville - 	
Bath 	
Burnsville - 	
Enka __ 	 	
Guide 	 1
Lumberton 	
Marion - 	
Auglaize Co , 	
Auglaize Co — -
Auglaize Co _ -
Clark Co 	
Franklin Co „_ _
Greene Co 	
Hancock Co
Preble Co 	 	 .
Richland Co 	
Sandusky Co 	
Shelby Co 	 	
Stark Co 	
Stark Co 	 -
Wayne Co
Del City 	
Latimer Co _ 	
Oklahoma Co 	 —
Tupelo 	 _- —
Portland 	
Portland _
Carlton 	 	
Greenwood Twp 	
Mohnton 	 	 	
Date
32275
8 1375
10 15 75
4 21 75
6 19 75
822 75
7 1475
7 1775
722 75
421 75
52375
1 2075
90875
7 1575
90475
80275
82475
80375
100275
729 75
7 1075
80875
90375
826 75
62275
80775
52875
824 75
611 75
621 75
62475
62375
831 75
80475
80475
8 11 75
90575
1 28 75
421 75
5 1375
90975
52275
72275
7 1275
72575
9 11 75
73075
421 75
10 16 75
70975
100875
11 1875
52775
90875
Type of f
Percent
game

98
75
100


25
10
3
1
100
100
100
100
21
100
100
36
100
10
10
93
50
10




sh killed
Percent
non-
game

2 I
25


100
75
90
100
97
99



79
100
64
100
90
90
7
50
90
100
100
99
100
100
Percent
kill with
commercial
value


25




















	



Estimated
fish killed
200
1,320
200
1,500
31,514
30
32,200
1.000
9,000
1,200
300
SO
3,098
3,000
150
144
300
4,200
11,200
100
10,000
1,200
2,994
400
185
1,750
576
100
3,000
172
112,966
5,944
42
5
860
37
19
210
9
40
94
62
75
865
24
-----
200
10,000
134
610
335
Severity1
see code
page 74
3
3
1
2
3
2
2
3
2
2
2
4
3
4
2
1
3
2
2
2
1
3
3
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4"
4
2
2
4
4
Estimated
miles or
acres
affected2
page 74
2M
3M
1M
3M
1A
2M
24A
10A
1M
1M
3M
1M
4A
1A
2800A
3A
18M
1A
250A
3M
15040A
5030A
5M
10A
2M
2M
9M
1M
1A
1M
1M
4M
1M
1M
1M
Duration
Days

1
2
2
18




1







14
1
0
0
1
3

1
1
1

Mrs.



-—

4

12

12





	
1
5
5
— -

2
10

73

-------
                                         Table 11

                                         Report of
                                         Fish Kills
                                         1975
                                         Cause
                                         Not Specifically
                                         Identified

                                         Continued
74
Body of water
SOUTH CAROLINA
Langley Pond
Langley Pond _ 	
SOUTH DAKOTA
TENNESSEE
TEXAS







Lake Bay Hubbard
C Lee Pond - ._ 	 	
Big Cr
Oyster Cr
Bolivar Pass
Offatts Bayou 	
Pond
Grand Saline Cr 	
Clear Cr 	
Buffalo Bayou 	
Cypress Cr 	
S Mayde Cr 	 	
Scott Bay 	
Lt Cypress Cr 	
Rodair Gully
JeffCoDrD#7 ____ 	 	
Chicon Cr 	
Seabourne Cr 	
SConchoR . 	 .
C Christ! Harbor 	
Porters Cr 	
VERMONT
Third Br White R 	
WASHINGTON
Skamokawa Cr -..
Chapman La -
Yakima R 	
Baker La
E Fk Issaquah Cr
Black La . - . _
Yakima R -
Thornton Cr _

City or town
Aiken 	 ___ __..
Aiken









Dallas Co
Deer Park
Fort Bend Co
Fort Bend Co
Galveston Co
Galveston Co
Galveston Co
Grand Saline
Harris Co
Harris Co
Harris Co
Harris Co
Harris Co


Jefferson Co
Natalia

San Angelo
Viola
Wharton Co
Randolph
Cathlamet
Cheney
Cleelum
Concrete
Issaquah
Olympia
Sawyer
Seattle

Date
101975
83075
8 19 75
62475
62575
807 75
4 14 75
10 07 75
314 75
1011 75
731 75
6 1675
430 75
50975
20375
606 65
70275
70275
5 29 75
1 1 05 75
22875
821 75
1 1 20 75
801 75
101075
80675
32275
5 11 75
7 1475
1 0675
3 24 75
82275
1 31 75
726 75
1007 75
80375
10 04 75
531 75
915 75
7 1875
905 75
6 1075
Type of fish killed
Percent
game
5
5
96
99




22
100
100
100
52



100
45
1
70
50

75

70
4
75
1
100
100



1
100
Percent
non-
game
95
95
4
1
100
100
100
100
100
78
100


48
100
100
100
55
99
30
50
100
25
100
100
30
100
96
25
99





99

Percent
kill with
commercial
value










































Estimated
fish killed
750
3,500
72
580
100
200
1,100
20,000
300
505
600000
200
100,000
114
4060
3
20,000
400
50
102
100
300
2
1 000000
100
40
1 000
100
100
500
1,178
1,000
2,000
2,361
1,000


50
20
Severity1
see code
page 74
4
2
3











4
4







3

3
2

2
2
4
4
4
4
4
2
4
Estimated
miles or
acres
affected''
page 74
100A
100A
1M
40A




















1M



3M

1M
1M
1M
1M
1M
2M
1M
Durat on
Days





























3


1
1
1
1
1
1
Hrs.
24
24
12


































	

      CODES
         1 SEVERITY:
             1 Complete
             2 Heavy
             3 Moderate
             4 Light
         2 ESTIMATED MILES OR ACRES AFFECTED
            A = Acres
            M=Miles

-------
Appendices
Introduction
Appendix A lists the State agencies
actively participating in the fish kill
reporting program. Observers are
encouraged to report any sightings
of dead fish to their appropriate
State agency. Since, if the cause is
not readily apparent, time is
important to an investigation,
reports should be submitted as
soon as possible, preferably by
telephone to the local offices of the
agency (game wardens, for
example). If no local office is
present, reports can be mailed to
the agency at the addresses
shown.

Appendix B is a reproduction of the
report form showing information
desired. It is recognized that the
casual observer cannot normally
provide much of the information;
however, location, estimates of the
number of dead fish and tissue and
date of the  observation are
extremely important. Also important
is the probable source of pollution
where it can be identified.
Appendix C defines pollution
sources in terms of the type of
operation involved. Since the
number of dead fish may not be
indicative of the severity of the
pollution, proper State officials
should be notified even when only
a small number of dead fish are
seen floating on a water body. In
cases where the fish kill was due  to
causes other than man-created
pollution, State officials are  still
interested in determining the cause,
and should be notified.
75

-------
                                           Appendix  A
76    State Agencies

      Alabama Department of
         Conservation
      Game and Fish Division
      Fisheries Section
      64 North Union Street
      Montgomery, Alabama 36104

      Water Improvement Commission
      Surveillance and Monitoring  Section
      749 State Office Building
      Montgomery, Alabama 36104

      Department of Fish and Game
      Habitat Protection Section
      Subport Building
      Juneau, Alaska 99801

      Arizona Game and Fish
         Department
      2222 West Greenway Road
      Phoenix, Arizona 85023

      Arkansas Game and Fish
         Commission
      Fisheries Division
      Little Rock, Arkansas 72201

      California Department of Fish and
         Game
      Environmental Services Branch
      1416 Ninth Street
      Sacramento, California 94814

      Department of Natural Resources
      Division of Wildlife
      6060 Broadway
      Denver, Colorado  80216

      Connecticut Board of Fisheries and
         Game
      Fish and  Water Life Unit
      Department of Environmental
         Protection
      State Office Building
      Hartford,  Connecticut 06115

      Department of Natural Resources
         and Environmental Control
      Division of Fish and Wildlife
      Fisheries Section
      Dover, Delaware 19901
Florida Department of
  Environmental Regulation
2562 Executive Center Circle, East
Montgomery Building
Tallahassee, Florida 32301

Georgia Game and Fish
  Commission
Trinity-Washington Street Building
270 Washington Street, S.W.
Atlanta, Georgia 30334

Division of Fish and Game
1179 Punchbowl Street
Honolulu, Hawaii 96813

Idaho Fish and Game Department
Bureau of Fisheries
P.O. Box 25
Boise,  Idaho 83707

Illinois  Department of Conservation
Division of Fisheries
605 State Office Building
400 South Spring Street
Springfield,  Illinois 62706

Indiana State Board of Health
Division of Water Pollution Control
Water Quality and Standards
  Branch
1330 West Michigan Street
Indianapolis, Indiana 46206

Iowa State Conservation
  Commission
300 4th Street
Des Moines, Iowa 50319

Kansas Forestry, Fish and Game
  Commission
P.O. Box 1028
Pratt, Kansas 67124

Department of Fish  and Wildlife
  Resources
Capital Plaza Tower
Frankfort, Kentucky 40601

Louisiana Stream Control
  Commission
Drawer F.C., Universjty Station
Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803

Fish and Game Department
State Office Building
Augusta,  Maine 04330
Maryland Department of Water
  Resources
State Office Building
Annapolis, Maryland 21401

Massachusetts Department of
  Natural Resources
Division of Marine Fisheries
State Office Building
Government Center
100 Cambridge Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02202

Massachusetts Division of Fisheries
  and  Game
Field Headquarters
Westboro, Massachusetts 01581

Water Resources Commission
Department of Natural Resources
Stevens T. Mason Building
Lansing, Michigan 48926

Minnesota Department of Natural
  Resources
Division of Fish and Wildlife
390 Centennial Building
St. Paul, Minnesota 55155
Mississippi Air and Water Pollution
  Control Commission
P.O. Box 827
Jackson, Mississippi 39205

Missouri Department of
  Conservation
1110 College Avenue
Columbia,  Missouri 65201

Missouri Department of
  Conservation
Division of Fisheries
P.O. Box 180
Jefferson City, Missouri 65101

Department of Fish and Game
Room 134, Cogswell Building
Helena, Montana 59601

-------
Nebraska Game and Parks
  Commission
2200 North 33rd Street
Lincoln, Nebraska 68503

Nevada Department of Fish and
  Game
P.O. Box 10678
Reno, Nevada 89510

New Hampshire Water Supply and
  Pollution Control  Commission
P.O.  Box 95
Concord,  New Hampshire 03301

Division of Fish, Game and
  Shellfisheries
Bureau of Fisheries Laboratory
Lebanon, New Jersey 08833

New Mexico Department of Game
  and Fish
State Capitol
Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501

Department of Environmental
  Conservation
Albany, New York 12201

North Carolina Department of Water
  and Air Resources
Box 27048
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611

North Dakota Game and Fish
  Department
Fisheries Division
1031/2 South Third  Street
Bismarck, North Dakota 58501

Ohio Department of Natural
  Resources
Division of Wildlife
Fountain Square
Columbus, Ohio 43224

Oklahoma Department of Wildlife
  Conservation
Rsheries Division
1801 North Lincoln Boulevard
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73105
Fish and Wildlife Commission
307 State Office Building
Portland, Oregon 97201

Pennsylvania Fish Commission
P.O. Box1673
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17120

Rhode Island Department of
  Natural Resources
Division of Fish and Wildlife
83 Park Street
Providence, Rhode  Island 02903

South Carolina Wildlife and  Marine
  Resources Department
Division of Game
P.O. Box 167
Columbia, South Carolina 29202

South Dakota Department of Game,
  Fish and Parks
Division of Game and Fish
State Office Building #1
Pierre,  South Dakota 57501

Tennessee Game and Fish
  Commission
Doctors Building, Room 600
Nashville, Tennessee 37203

Texas  Parks and Wildlife
  Department
Fish and Wildlife  Division
John H. Reagan Building
Austin, Texas 78701

Utah Department of Natural
  Resources
Division of Fish and Game
1596 West North Temple
Salt Lake City,  Utah 84116

Vermont Fish and Game
  Department
Research and Management Center
Roxbury, Vermont 05659

Virginia State Water Control Board
Bureau of Enforcement
PO. Box 11143
Richmond, Virginia  23230
Washington State Department of
  Ecology
P.O. Box 829
Olympia, Washington 98501

West Virginia Department of Natural
  Resources
Division  of Wildlife Resources
Charleston, West Virginia 25305

Wisconsin Department of Natural
  Resources         '
Bureau of Standards and Surveys
Box 450
Madison, Wisconsin 53701

Department of Natural Resources
Bureau of Water Quality
Box 450
Madison, Wisconsin 53701

Wyoming Game and Fish
  Department
Box 712
Lander,  Wyoming 82520
77

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                                                      Appendix  B
78      Report of
         Pollution
         Caused
         Fish Kill

         Sample Form
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF WATER PLANNING AND STANDARDS
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460
REPORT OF POLLUTION-CAUSED
FISH KILL
1A. LOCATION (Stream, Lake, Ocean, etc; Latitude-Longitude)
B. NEAREST TOWN AND COUNTY

C. STATE

Form Approved OMB No, 158-R0036
FOROWP USE ONLY


2. DATE OF KILL
3. TYPE OF WATER
Q FRESH P~l SALT Q ESTUARY
4. POLLUTION SOURCE-TYPE OF OPERATION
A. AGRICULTURAL OPER-
ATIONS
| | POISONS (Pesticides, etc)
| | FERTILIZERS
[ I MANURE DRAINAGE, ENSI-
	 LAGE LIQUORS, OR FEED
LOT OPERATIONS
[""I HANDLING OF EQUIPMENT
AND CONTAINERS
B. INDUSTRIAL OPERATIONS
[ | MINING
| 1 CHEMICALS
I I FOOD AND KIN-
	 DRED PRODUCTS
Q TEXTILES
Q OTHER:
D. TRANSPORTATION OPERATIONS
Q RAIL Q TRUCK [~] BARGE OR
n PIPE- n AIR BOAT
— ' LINE ' — '
Q METALS
| | PETROLEUM
1 1 PAPER AND ALLIED
	 PRODUCTS
Q RUBBER AND PLASTICS
C. MUNICIPAL OPERA-
TIONS
Q] SEWERAGE SYSTEM
| | REFUSE DISPOSAL
Q WATER SYSTEM
Q SWIMMING POOL
Q POWER (Public Service,
Q PEST CONTROL
E. CONSTRUCTION OR OTHER
Q] CONSTRUCTION
Q OTHER:
F.
Q UNKNOWN
                                                       G. SPECIFIC POLLUTANT OR FACTOR CHANGING WATER CHARACTERISTICS
                                                          (Name of chemical, thermal discharge, etc.)
                                                       5. TYPE OF FISH KILL
                                                                                 6. EST. NO. KILLED
                  7. SEVERITY

                  Q TOTAL   Q HEAVY
                                                                                                                        ] MOD.  |  | LI6HT
                                                                                 8.EXTENT OF AREA AFFECTED  9. DURATION OF CRITICAL EFFECT
                                                         TOTAL

                                                         COMMERCIAL
A. MILES OF
  STREAM
8. ACRES OF
  LAKE
                                                        10. ADDITIONAL REMARKS (Include effects on other than marine Hie, e.g., shellfish, vietettowl, etc)
                                                        11. REPORTING OFFICIAL
                                                                                        12. AGENCY MAILING ADDRESS
                                                                                                                           13. DATE OF
                                                                                                                              REPORT
                                                      EPA Form 7500-8 (Rev. 7-75)   PREVIOUS EDITION MAY BE USED UNTIL SUPPLY is EXHAUSTED.
                                                       INSTRUCTIONS:  Upon completion fold card to show proper address and staple or tape long
                                                                       edge together.

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                                     Appendix  C
Glossary

Sources of
Pollution by
Type of Operation
Fish kills may  oe caused by
pollution from  a large number and
variety of sources. To facilitate
reporting of kills, these pollution
sources have  been categorized
according to the types of
operations (municipal, industrial,
etc.) producing the pollution.
Following are  definitions of each
operation to include breakdowns
into subcategories.
Agricultural Operations
Pollution from agricultural
operations results primarily from
wastewater runoff from fields where
various chemical compounds are
used for pest control and fertilizers.
Runoff from feedlot operations are
also included under this category.
In addition, a probable cause of
pollution lies in the handling of
various pesticides or fertilizers, the
cleaning of equipment used to
disperse these chemicals, and the
handling and disposal of the
containers.

oPoisons (Pesticides, Etc.)

Poisons include any of the "cides"
used at the site of agricultural
operations, which may be
introduced into a water body
through a  runoff after a rain or
through settling from the air.

nFertilizers

This subcategory applies to
commercial fertilizers after they
have been delivered for use.

nManure Drainage, Ensilage
Liquors, or Feed Lot Operations

In addition to the operations named
in this heading, this subcategory
includes other agricultural
operations which may be a source
of pollution through poor
housekeeping practices.

aHandling of Equipment and
Containers

This subcategory includes washing
of equipment, handling and storage
of pesticide or fertilizer compounds
before use, and container disposal.
Construction, or Other
aConstruction operations such as
the building of highways, dams,
industrial complexes and other
structures in or near waterways, are
a frequent source of pollution.

The following are examples of the
"other" category.

nLarge residential or custodial
facilities not connected to municipal
sewers but having their own
system, for example, Federal, State,
and church institutions, custodial
institutions such  as old folks
homes,  universities,  etc.

nDomestic  service operations in
suburban or rural areas resulting in
direct discharges such as spent-
drycleaning solutions and wash
and rinse water from coin laundries
and dry cleaners, and spent floor
and paint cleaners.

aHighway restaurants, motels,
resort areas, and auto service
areas which may or may not have
their own treatment plant.
79

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                                              Appendix  C
80     Industrial Operations
       Industrial operations involve
       manufacturing or processing
       industrial and commercial products.

       oMining

       Pollution from mining operations is
       most often caused by acid mine
       drainage from coal mines.  In
       addition,  coal washings and
       taconite tailing disposal are
       included  here as well as side
       products from all other mining
       operations, including mining for ore,
       limestone, phosphate, etc.

       nChemicals

       This subcategory includes
       manufacture of the following:

       Basic chemicals such as acids,
       alkalies, salts, and  organic
       chemicals;

       Chemical products to be used in
       further manufacture such as
       synthetic fibers, plastic materials,
       dry colors, and pigments; and,

       Finished  chemical products for
       ultimate consumption (cosmetics,
       drugs and soaps);  or to  be used as
       materials or supplies in other
       industries (paints, fertilizers, and
       explosives).
oFood and Kindred Products

These operations include those
involved in preparing and
processing fresh and raw food
items and other related products
for the market. Examples include:

Sugar refining;

Canning, dehydrating, freezing, or
curing of fruits, vegetables, or fish
and other seafood;

Grain processing into flour, cereal
products,  etc.;

Slaughtering or meat packing;

Dressing poultry;

Any milk-handling operation
including dairy farm, cheese
factory, condensery, creamery, or
ice cream plant;

Breweries, wineries, or distilleries
operations;

Rendering plants or vegetable  oil
manufacture;  and,

Animal feed manufacture.

nTextiles

Textile production covers all mill-
type operations,  including
bleaching and dyeing processes.

nMetals

This subcategory includes all
operations involving metals and
plating (except mining),  such as
blast furnaces, smelting, rolling
mills,  pickling, heat treatment, etc.
Common sources of wastes are
metal cleaning solutions and
plating vats which contain large
amounts of acid, cyanide,  copper,
iron, chrome,  and arsenic, all of
which are specific  causes of fish
kills.
In addition, coke ovens and
inefficient clarifier tanks in steel
mills add toxic chemicals and
turbidity to waste water.

n Petroleum

Petroleum covers oil or gas well
drilling, oil refining, and the
manufacture of any petroleum
products.

n Paper and Allied Products

Paper and allied products covers
paper-making in any of its stages,
including resultant sludge deposits
in streams or lakes.

nRubber and Plastics

This subcategory includes
manufacture from natural, synthetic,
or reclaimed rubber.  It also
includes  manufacturing involved in
molding primary plastics for trade,
and miscellaneous finished plastic
products.

nOther Industrial

"Other" applies to those  industries
not  specifically designated. The
following are examples of potential
entries under this item.

Lumber and wood  products
production including  logging,
chemical treatment, and  sawmill
operations through the finished
product;

Leather and leather products
processing and production;

Sand and gravel washing; and,

Automobile manufacturing.

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Municipal Operations
Municipal operations are those
activities that are the responsibility
of the municipality in providing
public utilities and other services.

oSewerage System

Includes municipal sanitary and
storm sewers and combined
sewers. The wastes may be treated
or untreated  before they enter or
leave the municipal system.

oRefuse Disposal

Refuse disposal concerns dumps,
land fill projects, etc., used for
disposal of solid wastes. The prime
cause of fish kills from these
sources is drainage from these
areas, and deposits of ash from
incinerators into surface  water
bodies.
nWater System

Fish kills charged to water system
include kills caused by excessive
use of chemicals for pipe cleaning
and for algae, weed, and insect
control in reservoirs. A common
source of kills from this source is
high chlorine solutions drained from
new pipe lines,  storage tanks,
reservoirs, and  pump stations,
which are used to sterilize new
water supply facilities.

nSwimming Pools

Rsh kills charged to swimming pool
operations  generally result from
cleaning operations or use of
excessive chlorine. This
subcategory  applies if pool
drainage is not connected to the
city sewer system, regardless of
who owns or operates the pool.

oPower (Public  Service)

Power generation considered here
is the production of power intended
for consumption by the general
public, versus power generation
necessary to operate a
manufacturing plant. Thermal
pollution is of prime concern,
although wastewaters such as that
from boiler blowdown sometimes
cause fish kills, most often during
low flows.
nPest Control

This subcategory of operations
includes spraying of ponds, creeks,
marshes, or use of  other various
methods of insect control when the
poisons used are deposited directly
into a waterway, as opposed to
being conveyed to  the waterway
via a municipal sewer system.
81

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82    Transportation Operations
      The major source of pollution from
      these operations is accidental
      spillage into waterways of products
      in transit regardless of source,
      destination, or ultimate use.
nRail

Fish kills charged to this
subcategory are caused  by
accidental product spills, whether
due to a wreck or by handling in
yards. Waste discharge from rail-
yard operations also applies here.

nPipeline

Pipeline means those lines used to
transport liquids or gases for long
distances.

nTruck

A fish kill charged to this
subcategory most often results from
a wreck, leakage or careless
handling in transit and  at terminals.

nAir

This subcategory includes
operation of airports, which are
frequent producers of oily wastes
and highly alkaline aircraft
washrack drainage, as well as
aircraft operations. It also includes
aircraft crashes which should be
considered in the same light as
accidents involving trains, trucks,
boats,  etc.
D Barge or Boat

Barge or boat operations may
result in pollution through spillage
of  products resulting from bilge
discharges, fire,  collision, sinking,
or mishandling the products while
in transit. Transit, in this case,
includes transfer to or from the
vessel while docked.

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Unknown                                                                                                    83
The unknown category is applied to
a fish kill when the pollution source
operation cannot be determined or
surmised, and the investigator is
reasonably sure that the kill was
due to pollution.

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84                                          Fish Kills
                                            Caused by
                                            Pollution
                                            in 1975
                                             * U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1977 O—231-617

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