Chicago, Illinois
2d Session
Dec. 11-12, 1968
Jan. 29, 1969
Reconvened
Aug. 26, 1969
Pollution of the Interstate Waters of the
Grand Calumet River, Little Calumet River,
Calumet River, Wolf Lake, Lake Michigan,
and their Tributaries—Indiana-Illinois
U.S. Department of the Interior—Federal Water Pollution Control Administration
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RECONVENED 2ND SESSION
OF THE
CONFERENCE
IN THE MATTER OF
POLLUTION OF THE INTERSTATE WATERS
OF THE
GRAND CALUMET RIVER, LITTLE CALUMET RIVER,
CALUMET RIVER, WOLF LAKE, LAKE MICHIGAN,
AND THEIR TRIBUTARIES IN THE STATES OF
INDIANA AND ILLINOIS
2nd Session held
December 11-12, 1968
January 29, 1969
Chicago,Illinois
Reconvened
August 26, 1969
Chicago, Illinois
TRANSCRIPT OF PROCEEDINGS
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CONTENTS
Murray Stein
Carl L. Klein
E. E. Minney
R. E. Mann
H. H. Galdwell
G. Marks
J. Karaganis
L. W. Bieker
Mrs. R. E. O'Brien
Mrs. L. W. Bieker
Committee on Lake Michigan Pollution
Mrs. G. Capstaff
Mrs. R. B. Bishop
G. A. Peterson
C. Pemberton, Jr.
V. W. Bacon
B. T. Lynam
A. J. Mikva
G. J. Gockstetter
H. J. Dunsmore
PAGE
5
10
18
21
25
28
30
37
41
46
48
49
52
59
78
102
127
132
182
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C__0 _N T JE N T S (Continued)
B
PAGE
B. A. Poole 227
C. W. Klassen 238
M. Garnet 242
Summary 2^8
L. D. Spears 259
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The conference in the matter of pollution
of the interstate waters of the Grand Calumet River,
Little Calumet River, Calumet River, Wolf Lake, Lake
Michigan, and their tributaries in the States of Indiana
and Illinois convened at 9:30 a.m., Tuesday, August 26,
1969, at the Illinois Room, LaSalle Hotel, Chicago,
Illinois.
PRESENT:
Honorable Carl L. Klein
Assistant Secretary
Department of the Interior
Washington, D. C.
PRESIDING:
Murray Stein
Assistant Commissioner for Enforcement
Federal Water Pollution Control Administration
Department of the Interior
Washington, D. C.
CONFEREES:
H. W. Poston
Regional Director, Great Lakes Region
Federal Water Pollution Control Administration
Department of the Interior
Chicago, Illinois
John Egan
President
Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago
Chicago, Illinois
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CONFEREES (Continued):
Clarence W. Klassen
Technical Secretary
Illinois Sanitary Water Board
Springfield, Illinois
Blucher A. Poole
Technical Secretary
Indiana Stream Pollution Control Board
Indianapolis, Indiana
PARTICIPANTS:
Vinton W. Bacon, General Superintendent
Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago
Chicago, Illinois
L. W. Bieker
Save the Dunes Council
Munster, Indiana
Mrs. L. W. Bieker
American Association of University Women
Indiana Division
Munster, Indiana
Mrs. R. B. Bishop, Chairman
Environmental Committee
Rainbow Neighbors
Chicago, Illinois
Henry H. Caldwell, Chief
Air-Water Pollution Control Division
Office of Attorney General
Chicago, Illinois
Mrs. Genevieve Capstaff
Private Citizen
Chicago, Illinois
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PARTI_CIPANTS__£Con_tinu.ed) :
Herbert J. Dunsmore, Director
Environmental Control
United States Steel Corporation
Merrill Garnet, Chief
Federal Activities Coordinations Branch
Federal Water Pollution Control Administration
Great Lakes Region, Chicago, Illinois
George J. Gockstetter, Superintendent
Republic Steel Corporation
Chicago, Illinois
Joseph Karaganis, Attorney
Businessmen for the Public Interest
Chicago, Illinois
Bart T. Lynam, Acting Director
Research and Development
Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago
Chicago, Illinois
Robert E. Mann, State Representative
Illinois General Assembly
Chicago, Illinois
Gerald Marks
Candidate for Congress
Wilmette, Illinois
Abner J. Mikva, Congressman
Second Congressional District
of Illinois
E. Eugene Minney, Chairman
Air & Water Quality Task Force
Indiana Division, Izaak Walton League
Griffith, Indiana
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4-A
PARTICIPANTS (Continued):
Mrs. R. E. O'Brien
Water Resource Committee
League of Women Voters of Illinois
Chicago, Illinois
Carlysle Pemberton, Jr., Director
Office of Technical Programs
Federal Water Pollution Control Administration
Great Lakes Region, Chicago, Illinois
Gunnar A. Peterson, Executive Director
Open Lands Project
Chicago, Illinois
Lawrence D. Spears
Businessmen for Public Interest
Chicago, Illinois
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4-B
LAKE MICHIGAN - CALUMET AREA ENFORCEMENT CONFERENCE
August 26, 1969
ATTENDANCE LIST:
QMC V.K. Abel, Chief
Port Safety
U.S. Coast Guard
610 S. Canal St.
Chicago, 111. 60607
Mrs. A.L. Aronson, Water Chairman
League of Women Voters of Glencoe
1010 Eastwood
Glencoe, 111. 60022
Vinton W. Bacon, Gen'l Supt.
Metropolitan Sanitary District
of Greater Chicago
100 E. Erie St.
Chicago, 111. 60611
2LT Justo M. Beauchamp
2LT Corps of Engineers
Corps of Engrs., Chicago Dist.
219 S. Dearborn St.
Chicago, 111. 60604
L.A. Beaudin, Chief
Construction-Operations Div.
U.S. Army Corps of Engrs.
536 S. Clark St.
Chicago, 111. 60605
Keith W. Bennett
Chicago News Editor
Iron Age
120 S. Riverside Plaza
Chicago, 111. 60606
L.W- Bieker
Save The Dunes Council
1154 Ridge Road
Munster, Ind.
Harry V. Bierma, Chairman
Clean Streams Commi-ttee
Illinois Audubon Society
Field Museum
Chicago, 111.
L.F. Birkel, Supervisor
Water Management
Republic Steel Corp.
Cleveland, Ohio
Mrs. R. B. Bishop, Chairman
Environmental Committee
Rainbow Neighbors
7535 S. Yates
Chicago, 111. 60649
Carl T. Blomgren
Illinois Sanitary Water Board
1919 W. Taylor St.
Chicago, 111. 60612
R.J. Bowden, Sanitary Engineer
U.S. Dept. of the Interior
Federal Water Pollution Control Admin.
Lake Michigan Basin Office
1819 W. Pershing Road
Chicago, 111. 60609
Carl Broman
Fuel & Environmental Control
Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co.
Indiana Harbor Works
East Chicago, Ind.
John R. Brough, Director
Air & Water Control
Inland Steel Co.
3210 Watling St.
East Chicago, Ind.
Henry H. Caldwell, Chief
Air-Water Pollution Control Div.
Office of Attorney General
William J. Scott
Room 600 - 130 N. Wells
Chicago, 111.
William Dyrez
1^-335 Park Avenue
Harvey, Illinois
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4-C
- 2 -
Joseph T. Chantigney
Gen's Vice Chairman
Cook County Clean Streams Cornm.
14823 Evers St.
Dolton, 111. 60419
Mrs. Tasso H. Coin
1037 W. North Shore Ave.
Chicago, 111. 60626
Ruth Collins, Int. Representative
United Auto Workers' Union
5132 W. Harrison St.
Chicago, 111.
G-eza A. Csapo, Vice President
Grand Mere Ass'n, Inc.
P. 0. Box 140
Stevensville, Mich. 49127
David P. Currie
Professor of Law
University of Chicago
Chicago, 111.
Prank E. Dalton, Asst. Chief Engr.
Metropolitan Sanitary District
of Greater Chicago
100 E. Erie St.
Chicago, 111. .60611
George Danchi, Sanitary Engr.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
210 S. Dearborn Ave.
Chicago, 111. 60604
William J. Degutis, Technician
U.S. Dept, of the Interior
FWPCA - Lake Michigan Basin Office
1819 W. Pershing Road
Chicago, 111. 60609
Edward J. Derwinski
Member of Congress
4th District - Illinois
515 E. 160th St.
South Holland, 111.
Jacky G- Dorsey
Dow Chemical
846 Darlington
Crystal Lake, 111.
60014
S. A. Poust, Engineer
Union Carbide
P. 0. Box 750
Whiting, Ind. 46394
Frederic D. Fuller, Chief Chemist
U.S. Dept. of the Interior
FWPCA - Lake Michigan Basin Office
1819 W. Pershing Road
Chicago, 111. 60609
George Gockstetter, Supt.
Republic Steel
11600 Burley
Chicago, 111.
David W. Gross
Recreation Resource Specialist
U.S. Dept. of the Interior
Bur. of Outdoor Recreation
3853 Research Park Dr.
Ann Arbor, Mich. 48104
Mrs. Leslie Halkin
Daniel Burnham Committee
663 Greenwood
Glencoe, 111. 60022
Mrs. Henry Hanson
League of Women Voters
704 S. Euclid Ave.
Oak Park, 111.
Ray Hasch
160 E. Illinois
Chicago, 111.
James W. Hedges, Civil Engr. V
City of Chicago
City Hall
Chicago, 111. 60602
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Robert A. Hirshfield, Consultant
Sargent & Lundy
1^0 S. Dearborn
Chicago, 111.
D. D. Horton, Area Gen'l Attorney
U.S. Steel
208 S. LaSalle
Chicago, 111.
Diana Iseberg, President
Joliet - League of Women Voters
403 E. Palladium
Joliet, 111.
R Dean Jarman
Business Development Manager
2301 Old Glenview Rd.
Wilmette, 111. 60091
Mrs. Robert Jaskulski, Water Chairman
League of Women Voters of Milwaukee
120014- N. Ridge Trail
Hales Corners, Wise. 53130
Mrs. Eileen L. Johnston
Water Chairman
Wilmette League of Women Voters
505 Maple Ave.
Wilraette, 111.
William E Jones, Int. Rep.
United Auto Workers
5132 W. Harrison
Chicago, 111.
Mrs. Paul Kaefer
North Suburban Citizens for Action
3921 Oak Ave.
Northbrook, 111. 60062
Mrs George Kaiser
261 Beach Rd.
Glencoe, 111. 60022
Joseph Karagayris, Attorney
Businessmen for the Public Interest
109 W. Dearborn
Chicago, 111.
C. W. Klassen, Technical Secretary
Illinois Sanitary Water Board
State Dept. of Public Health
Springfield, 111. 62706
Earl Knight, Industrial Waste Coor.
Metropolitan Sanitary District
of Greater Chicago
100 E. Erie St.
Chicago, 111. 60611
Harley F. Lavhead, Acting Chief
Engineering Div.
U.S. Army Engineer Div.-North Central
536 S. Clark St.
Chicago, 111. 60605
Chin-Dee Lee
95 Kwanmin 2nd Rd.
Chungksin New Village
Nantou, Taiwan
Benn J. Leland, Engineer-in-Charge
Illinois Sanitary Water Board
1919 W. Taylor St.
Chicago, 111. 60612
Roscoe W. Libby, Chief
Technical Activities Branch
U.S. Dept of the Interior, FWPCA
GLR - Lake Michigan Basin Office
1819 W. Pershing Road
Chicago, 111. 60609
Bart T. Lynam, Act. Director of R&D
100 E. Erie
Chicago, 111. 60611
James J. McPolin, Asst. Attorney Gen'l
Illinois
130 N. Wells
Chicago, 111.
Robert E. Mann
State Representative
111. General Assembly
22 W. Madison
Chicago, 111.
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Gerald Marks
Candidate for Congress
2738 Lincoln Lane
Wilmette, 111.
Nicholas J Melas, Trustee
Met . San . Dist . of Greater Chicago
100 E. Erie St.
Chicago, 111. 60611
E. Eugene Minney, Chairman
Air & Water Quality Task Force
Indiana Div. Izaak Walton League
228 N. Raymond
Griffith, Ind . k6 319
Marianne Nichols
2805 N. Clark
Chicago, 111. 60657
Mrs. Robert E. O'Brien
Water Resource Committee
League of Women Voters of 111.
679 Madison St.
Chicago, 111.
C. R. Owribey
U.S. Dept. of the Interior
FWPCA - Great Lakes Region
33 E. Congress Parkway, Rm.
Chicago, 111. 60605
Harry M. Pawlowski, Administrative Engr,
Dept . of Water & Sewers
Room kOk - City Hall
Chicago, 111. 60602
Carlysle Pemberton, Jr., Director
Office of Technical Programs
U.S. Dept. of the Interior, FWPCA
Great Lakes Regional Office
33 E. Congress Pkwy., Rm. hlO
Chicago, 111. 60605
C. K Phenicie
Fisheries Res. Specialist
Bur. of Sport Fisheries & Wildlife
U.S. Dept. of the Interior
Federal Building
Minneapolis, Minn,
Eugene Pinkstaff, Sanitary Engineer
U.S. Dept. of the Interior, FWPCA
Great Lakes Regional Office
33 E. Congress Pkwy., Rm. UlO
Chicago, 111. 60605
J. E. Ponder
1710 Fletcher
Chicago, 111. 60657
Clifford Risley, Jr., Director
U.S. Dept. of the Interior, FWPCA
Lake Michigan Basin Office
1819 W. Pershing Rd.
Chicago, 111. 60609
Erskine G. Roberts, Principal Engr.
Environmental Engineering Div.
P&W Engineers, Inc.
309 W. Jackson Blvd.
Chicago, 111. 60606
Mrs. Samuel Rome, Water Resources Chairman
League of Women Voters of Chicago
67 E. Madison St.
Chicago, 111. 60603
Phillip Rothenberg, Senior Asst Atty.
Met. San. Dist. of Greater Chicago
100 E. Erie St.
Chicago, in. 60611
Leroys Scarce, Chief
Laboratory Services Branch
U.S. Dept. of the Interior, FWPCA
Lake Michigan Basin Office
1819 W. Pershing Rd.
Chicago, 111. 60609
Robert E. Scheible, Chief Sanitary Engr.
Hq. 5th U.S. Army
Fort Sheridan, 111. 60057
Roger G. Seaman, A A President
Met. San. Dist. of Greater Chicago
100 E. Erie St.
Chicago, 111. 60611
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Mrs. Charles E. Seller
Northbrook League of Women Voters
1500 Chapel Court
Northbrook, 111. 60062
John R. Shaeffer
1307 E. 60th St.
Chicago, 111.
Alan G. Slingo, P.E., San. Engr.
Department of the Navy
Code 11 A
Midwest Div. NAVFAC
Building 1 A
Great Lakes, 111. 60088
Lawrence D. Spears, Staff
Businessmen For Public Interest
109 N. Dearborn
Suite 1005
Chicago, 111. 60602
Frances Starnes
Met. San. Dist. of Greater Chicago
100 E. Erie St.
Chicago, in. 60611
Shirley Starr, Projects Coordinator
Center for Urban Studies
University of Chicago
5852 University
Chicago, 111. 60637
Fred 0. Sullivan,- Hydraulic Engr.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Room 686
219 S. Dearborn
Chicago, 111. 6060k
Jane Sutter
Developmental Program for
Comprehensive Health Planning
600 S. Michigan Ave.
Chicago, 111. 60605
R. L. Toering, Gen'l Supv.
Fuel & Steam Engr.
U.S. Steel - Gary Works
1 N. Broadway
Gary, Ind.
Patricia Tosto
GASP
719 W. Waveland
Chicago, 111.
Mrs. Donald Trump, Water Resources Chairman
League of Women Voters of Indiana
Route 2, Box 26
Valparaiso, Ind. 46383
Mrs. Alan G. Tsemis
Chicago Heights League of Women Voters
36l Iris
Chicago Heights, 111. 60>fll
A. W. Tuemler
Asst to Works Chief Engineer
U.S. Steel Corp.
3^26 E. 89th St.
Chicago, 111. 60617
Stan Twardy, P. R.xCoordinator
and Water Cons.
Standard Oil Co.
910 S. Michigan Ave.
Chicago, 111.
Cathleen Urbain
Dept. of Anthropology
University of Minnesota
7835 Elmgrove Drive
Elmwood Park, 111.
James C. Vaughn, Engr.
Water Purification
100 E. Ohio St.
Chicago, 111. 60611
DeYarman Wallace, Research Supv.
Youngstown Sheet & Tube
P. 0. Box 900
Youngstown, Ohio
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4-0
- 6 -
Mrs. Isabel B. Wasson
Oak Park League of Women Voters
606 Thatcher Ave.
River Forest, 111. 60305
Merle Wolf
55^ Longwood Ave.
Glencoe, 111.
Caroline V. Young, Reporter
The Calumet Publishing Co.
9120 Baltimore
Chicago, 111. 60617
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Opening Statement - Mr. Stein
OPENING STATEMENT
BY
MURRAY STEIN
MR. STEIN: The conference is open.
This session of the Conference in the
Matter of Pollution of the Interstate Waters of the
Grand Calumet River, Little Calumet River, Calumet River,
Wolf Lake, Lake Michigan, and Their Tributaries in the
States of Indiana and Illinois is being held under the
provisions of Section 10 of the Federal Water Pollution
Control Act, as amended. Under the provisions of the
Act, the Secretary of the Interior is authorized to
initiate a conference of this type when requested to do
so by a Governor of a State and when on the basis of
reports., surveys, or studies, he has reason to believe
that pollution subject to abatement under the Federal
Act is occurring.
The first session of the conference was
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Opening Statement - Mr. Stein
held in March 1965 at Chicago. We had a technical sessio^i
on January 4-5,1966. The conference was reconvened in
executive session on January 31 - February I, 1960.
The conference conclusions were announced at a public
meeting held February 2, 1966. ,We also had a second
session of the conference in December 1968 and January
1969. In addition, we have had two progress evaluation
meetings in connection with this conference.
Let me try to give some perspective in
this. As a result of this Federal-State enforcement con-
ference, we probably have occasioned the largest munici-
pal industrial cleanup of wastes which contribute to
water pollution that we have had in the country. This
has cost many millions of dollars. You have seen the
results throughout the lake and particularly in the lower
end of the lake. We have many, many industries and citie
involved. I think that all hands are agreed, whether it
is the municipalities, the industries, the State govern-
ment, the local governments and the Federal Government
as to what has to be done. There appears to be no dis-
agreement on that. The question that we are concerned wi
is when this is going to be done.
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7
Opening Statement - Mr. Stein
For most of the cities and the industries
in the area, we have had compliance with schedules* works
have been put in and they are operating. There are
several industries that we have to look at rather care-
fully today to see if they are in line with this schedule
The purpose of this conference is to bring together the
official State agencies and the Sanitary District, repre-
sentatives of the United States Department of the Interio
and other interested parties to review the existing
situation and to lay a basis for future action by all
parties concerned and to give the States, localities and
industries an opportunity to take any indicated remedial
action under State and local law.
Conferees here represent the States and
the Sanitary District.
Indiana is represented by Mr. Blucher
Poole.
The Federal conferee, to my left, is Mr.
H. V. Poaton, Regional Director.
To my far right is Mr. Clarence Klassen
of Illinois.
Mr. John Egan of the Sanitary District.
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8
—.— . _ -———
Opening Statement - Mr. Stein
And to my right is the Assistant Secretary
of the Department of the Interior, the Honorable Carl L.
Klein.
And my name is Murray Stein.
We will make a transcript of the conferenc
which will be available to you through your State agencie,
and you can apply to them for that and keep up the normal
Federal-State relationships.
I would ask that anyone other than the
conferees making a statement come to the lectern and
identify himself as to name and organization, for the
purpose of the conference.
As I pointed out, this conference is
designed to get at the dates of these time schedules.
However, I am aware that there are several people in the
audience who would like to make statements. Most of the
people who have talked to me have indicated that their
statements are very short. I would hope, since we have
been over this ground so many times, that the people who
will make these statements—and we are not going to keep
anything out of the record, anything that is pertinent
will be put in the record and you will have an opportunity
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Opening Statement - Mr. Stein
to say what you feel you have to say, but I ask you to
please try to keep the statement as short and as succinct
as possible. As we proceed, or in the first break, it
would be appreciated if anyone who wishes to make a
statement other than the official agencies concerned and
the industries, that is citizens groups and others, would
get in touch with Mrs. Piere--would you stand up, Mrs.
Piere--give her your name and the length of your state-
ment, and we will try to arrange for your appearance as
soon as we possibly can.
For the first statement of the conference,
it is indeed a pleasure for me to call upon my boss, and
I am very fortunate to have a boss like this who has a
long and distinguished career in fighting for water pol-
lution control and clean water, the Assistant Secretary
for Water Quality and Research of the Department of the
Interior, the Honorable Carl L. Klein.
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10
"*™^"^""~™^ -""^^H^^^^^^^—"^MM_BB^*^^™
Hon. Carl L. Klein
THE HONORABLE CARL L. KLEIN
ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR WATER QUALITY AND RESEARCH
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
MR. KLEIN: Good morning. We have some
copies of the transcript and there are more "being made
by FWPCA for the press, radio and television.
But before I start on my statement, there
are in the audience two people who deserve recognition,
a young man of twelve years of age, Mr. Byrofc, and Mr.
Joseph Chantigney of the Cook County Clean Streams
Committee. I saw them back here a minute ago. These
two, this 1X-year-old boy and Joe Chantigney, are
getting the Little Calumet cleaned up of all the debris
by themselves. This is citizens antipollution control
and I thank them for the work they are doing.
Questions have been raised about the
reconvening of the Calumet River conference today,
particularly the recent reference to the .Secretary on
two problem areas: U, S. Steel and Republic Steel.
The issue is at what point does the
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11
Hon. Carl L. Klein
Federal Government take the initiative in combatting
local pollution.
Secretary Hickel and I took office in
February and March 19&9* and we found that we had
inherited a problem. U. S. Steel and Republic Steel
had not completed all of their antipollution measures
by December 31* 1968. This was the time schedule. And
therefore, we now had a problem:
How do you get this pollution abated and
how fast can you get it done? It is too late to meet
the time schedule. How fast now can we get the work done
and meet the problem.
A chronological review of the events of
the previous convening i-s necessary.
This conference last convened on December
11 and 12, 1968, with an executive meeting thereon on
January 29* 1969- At those meetings testimony was given
on the progress of antipollution measures for the Calu-
met River. The States of Illinois and Indiana testified
on the status of antipollution measures under their
respective jurisdictions. The conferees then took
appropriate action on this item.
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12
Hon. Carl L. Klein
However, the Metropolitan Sanitary Distric
of Chicago (MSDGG) offered no testimony on the United
States Steel Corporation or Republic Steel Corporation.
The record is strangely silent on these two companies.
Without such testimony, the Calumet River
conference recommended referral of these two problems,
U. S. and Republic Steel, to the Secretary of the Interioi
This was not a unanimous decision.
The Secretary of the Interior then had to
secure his own testimony and evidence to determine the
Department position. Chronologically, the data we have
is as follows:
(1) United States Steel delivered their
plans to the Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater
Chicago in November of 1968.
(2) Republic Steel delivered their plans
to Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago on
December 6, 1968.
(3) Thereafter—and I call to your atten-
tion it is thereafter—the Metropolitan Sanitary District
of Greater Chicago participated in this December 11-12
1968, enforcement conference here and said nothing about
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13
Hon. Carl L. Klein
the proposals and plans of these two companies. This
information was kept secret.
(4) Federal Water Pollution Control
Administration has determined that Republic Steel had
already completed about 40 percent of its work by
December 31> 1968, and that "cheir present work is to
complete the final 60 percent. On April 11, 1969,
Republic Steel broke ground for a complete recirculating
pollution abatement plant which, as I understand it, is
about seven days ahead of their completion schedule.
Their final date is December 31, 1970.
(5) United States Steel, as I understand it,
is still awaiting word on its pollution abatement plans.
The State of Illinois has not yet been formally notified
^
of the November 1968 delivery- of plans; neither has the
Federal Water Pollution Control Administration. It is
my understanding that the plans and timetable for com-
pletion are agreed, but that no meeting of the Metropoli-
tan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago trustees has
been called to validate the plans and timetable—despite
the lapse of nine months.
(6) There has been on file in the
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Hon. Carl L. Klein
Circuit Court of Cook County a suit for temporary and
permanent injunction; the temporary injunction was issued
March 22, 1968, and was upheld later in the Supreme
Court of Illinois. The plaintiff is the Metropolitan
Sanitary District; the defendant is United States Steel.
A stipulation was prepared providing for U.'S. Steel to
comply by December 31, 1970. This was not made public
and FWPCA did not secure a copy until August 15, 1969.
I was informed yesterday that U. S. Steel has agreed to
the terms of the stipulation to reduce this pollution
abatement problem.
Several disquieting questions arise from
all this:
Firsts-Why was the availability of the
U. S. Steel and Republic Steel plans not disclosed at
the last conference? Why has this information been kept
from the public? Is this withholding of vital informa-
tion either at public conferences or at correspondence
levels, to be an example of future local-State-Federal
relationships?
Second—We would like to know why the
matters were referred to the Department of the Interior.
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, 15
Hon. Carl L. Klein
All of the conferees here are aware of the time-consuming
delays built into the lawsuit process of the Federal
Water Pollution Control Act in this case. For the public
information, the Federal process would entail:
First, a 180-day notice or 6 months to
the State of Illinois requiring compliance.
Second, after the 180-day notice time has
passed, convening of a hearing board to determine the
propriety of Illinois action.
And third, again after the hearing board
action, a final 180-day notice to Illinois and to polluters
before filing suit.
There are several discrepancies to be
found in this procedure here.
First of all, the State of Illinois could
and undoubtedly would cure the defects, thus rendering
the referral to the Secretary unnecessary.
Second, and this is the important one, the
delay of fifteen to eighteen months in going to a Federal
lawsuit is intolerable. The pollution could and should
be abated well before this time.
Third, the Metropolitan Sanitary District
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l6
Hon. Carl L. Klein
of Greater Chicago already has a lawsuit on file and
could have completed the hearings by now. Yet nothing
has been done on this suit for almost a year. The public
has a right to full disclosure of all the facts, testi-
mony and evidence on these matters. If it is possible
by any means, I want pollution abatement now. If I can't
have it now I want it just as soon as I possibly can get
it.
So far, the nine-month delay on U. S.
Steel has resulted in nine additional months of polluting
the Calumet River. The delay must not continue; action
must begin immediately and must be complete. Pollution
must be the loser.
And now we must decide the issue.
At what point must the Federal Government
take the initiative in combatting local pollution? I
think it is clear that the Federal Government should step
in when local enforcement procedures have broken down and
become ineffectual.
The conferees will have to decide whether
the Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago has
the power and the duty and the authority and the will to
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17
Hon. Carl L. Klein
complete the fight against pollution in the Calumet
River.
Since the State of Illinois representative
has asked my office that the State retain Jurisdiction,
I am sure that the State of Illinois will complete what-
ever action is needed in this matter.
However, if the local and State authoritie
find that they cannot or have not handled a pollution
problem promptly and properly, and this applies not only
to the Calumet River but elsewhere in the United States,
then the Federal Government will step in and follow the
procedures required by the Federal Water Pollution Contro
Act. The conferees here will have to decide whether loca
and State responsibility and authority has so broken down
that only the Federal Government can secure compliance.
If that be the case, we have already had
our lines of authority set up if that be the decision
of this conference.
I expect all conferees here today to take
all of the necessary steps to win the battle against
pollution and win it now.
Thank you.
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18.
E. E. Minney
MR. STEIN: Thank you, Secretary Klein.
MR. KLEIN: You will excuse me, Murray.
I have got a 12 o'clock plane to make.
MR. STEIN: Yes. Thank you very much.
Of course all the parties will have an
opportunity to comment on this, but I think it might be
well to have a few of the short statements first from
the people who have come here so the parties concerned
possibly can have a little more time to think and pre-
pare their replies.
First I would like to call on Mr. E.
Eugene Minney of the Indiana Izaak Walton League, who has
a short statement.
Mr. Minney.
E. EUGENE MINNEY, CHAIRMAN
AIR & WATER QUALITY TASK FORCE
INDIANA DIVISION, IZAAK WALTON LEAGUE
GRIFFITH, INDIANA
MR. MINNEY: Mr. Chairman, members of the
conference.
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^____ 19
E. E. MInney
My name is E. Eugene Minney and I repre-
sent the National and Indiana Division of the Izaak
Walton League. I am also President of the Northwestern
I n te r -Chapter Council, which consists of fifteen
different chapters of the Izaak Walton League in Lake,
Newton and Porter Counties.
My statement this morning will be very
brief., because we of the Izaak Walton League feel that
all the talk has been done. Anything that has to be
said about the technological aspects of this problem here
has already been stated over and over and over. So now
\ie feel is the time for action. Now we feel is the time
to find out why things haven't been done.
We also feel that deadlines, extensions of
deadlines, should be at an absolute minimum. When I say
minimum, I mean no more than 19JO. If Bethlehem Steel
can complete a facility consisting of a hot strip mill,
a plate mill, a tin mill, and a coal strip mill in a
period of two years, there is no reason in the world why
these problems haven't been taken care of by these
particular companies since 1965.
The Izaak Walton League would like to take
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20
E. E. Minney
this opportunity to thank Inland Steel Company for
opening their doors to us, for showing us their problems,
for showing us what they were doing. We asked the other
companies at the conference the last time we were here to
invite us in and let us see what they were doing, but we
have never had the invitation.
When we asked Inland Steel to let reporter
from the Hammond Times come in there with us, they opened
their doors, invited us in and showed us everything they
had. They have completed eleven of twelve projects at a
cost of about $7 million and they have done it
since 1965.
So I beg you, gentlemen of the panel,
please, no more extensions. Please, no more talk. But
let us see some action.
Thank you.
MR. STEIN: Thank you, Mr, Minney.
Any comments or questions?
If not, may we call on Representative Mann
of Illinois.
Mr. Mann.
-------
R. E. Mann
ROBERT E. MANN
STATE REPRESENTATIVE
ILLINOIS GENERAL ASSEMBLY
CHICAGO,, ILLINOIS
MR. MANN: Mr. Chairman. My name is
Robert E. Mann. I am a member of the Illinois House of
Representatives representing the 24th Legislative Distric
which includes the communities of Kenwood, Hyde Park,
Woodlawn and South Shore, all adjacent to Lake Michigan.
I am also Co-chairman of the Democratic Study Group of
the Illinois House of Representatives. However, this
statement today is issued on behalf of myself and a
large number of my constituents who are vitally concerned
about water and'air pollution.
As I view the proceedings of this con-
ference and the sessions which have preceded it, I detect
a fragmented approach to the pollution problems which
plague Lake Michigan and our society in general.
And I would say to my former colleague,
Carl Klein, that I do not think that the Federal Government
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22
, -^___
R. E. Mann
has to wait for the local government to act. This is not
an either/or procedure. I think both governments ought
to be acting at top speed at once.
Water pollution abatement measures must be
closely linked with land-use management, with emphasis on
the disposal of solid wastes. In turn, air pollution
abatement is directly related to land and water manage-
ment issues.
If we are to clean up Lake Michigan,
alternative disposal sites must be found for the thousand;
of tons of waste matter that are daily discharged into
the lake. Since the air is not a suitable alternative,
the wastes must be disposed of on land sites which are
geologically and environmentally suited for such disposal,
Programming action to reduce the discharge of pollutants
into the lake without also programming for the disposal
of these wastes on land sites is an incomplete exercise
of questionable importance. Until we, as a society, take
a total environmental approach to problems of environment?
quality, our efforts here today likely will result in
minimum improvements.
Until the polluting industries precisely
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R. E. Mann
designate where the waste products are to be utlimately
disposed of, our efforts at such conferences as this
result in futility. Simply to transfer the location of
pollution cannot be considered a satisfactory answer to
our environmental problems.. For example, to scrub par-
ticulate matter from the air and dispose of the waste
into the lake does not accomplish any antipollution
objective.
I think that rather than discuss the
possibility of extending the conference deadlines, we
should seek to see that all pollution abatement measures
which were called for by the earlier conference should
be in place and operable by the end of December 1969.
The Empire State Building was built in 18 months.
It is hard for me to see that some of the pollution abate
ment measures technically called for by this conference
could not be fabricated and put in place by the end of
this calendar year. As evidence of good intentions to
move toward a total environmental approach to the prob-
lems of Lake Michigan pollution, I would call for the
early completion of all abatement measures called for in
an earlier session of this conference by the end of this
-------
R. E. Mann
calendar year. This would constitute a first step and
an indication on the part of the industries involved of
their intent to assist public efforts here to reclaiming
and preserving a suitable environmental quality.
I am going to conclude, but by way of
example I would like to suggest the following schedule
which was set by the Metropolitan Sanitary District and
applied to the Motors Oil Refining Company:
On August 5 this company was notified by
letter that the company was in violation. On August 11
there was a court date. On September 10 they were to
report back to court. On December 9 the facilities
are to be operative. All of these dates are in 1969. One
hundred twenty days were allowed to design and construct
abatement facilities.
This is a small company with limited
resources. I do not see why larger companies cannot be
called upon for the same schedule.
In conclusion, I ask the Attorney General
to utilize the enforcement powers granted to him by the
last session of the Illinois General Assembly. This acti
should be taken immediately in order to penalize polluters
-------
25
H. H. Caldwel.1
and to serve notice upon others that the State of Illinoi
will not tolerate further degradation of the lake.
Thank you.
(Applause.)
MR. STEIN: Thank you, Mr. Mann.
Are there any comments or questions by
the conferees?
If not, we didn't plan it this way, but
we can hear from the Attorney General's Office, "because
next we have Henry H Caldwell, Assistant Attorney General
of Illinois.
Mr. Caldwell.
HENRY H. .CALDWELL, CHIEF
AIR-WATER POLLUTION CONTROL DIVISION
OFFICE OF ATTORNEY GENERAL WILLIAM J. SCOTT
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
MR. CALDWELL: Gentlemen, I wish to thank
you for the opportunity to address this conference.
As the other speakers have indicated to
you, I think sufficiently clearly, the time for extension
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26
•
H. H. Caldwell
is past. -The attitude of the Office of the Attorney
General of Illinois since the 1st of July, when the Act
"became effective,, is not to be bound by the proceedings
or the acts of any board or any agency or any municipalit
In that connection we will take action,
as has been suggested; we will ask courts to exercise
their powers in equityj we will even ask for fines as is
provided by law. We will use every judicial process whic
we are legitimately entitled to use to effectuate an
abatement and control of pollution problems.
I wish to say this, and I speak only for
myself. People want to talk about pollution. They have
not demonstrated to me in the short time that I have been
in this that they really seriously intend to do very much
about it. The companies to which reference has b.een made
do not find it profitable, do not find it expedient, do
not find it within their budget, if you will, to build
devices for pollution control. Therefore^ they take the
easy way out and secure an extension.
I talked to an official of one corporation
and he said to me, "Why, Mr. Caldwell, the plans you
propose will cost our stockholders about 2-1/2
-------
H. H. Caldwell
cents per share in dividend."
Now, I am well aware that economic disloca
tion is part of the process of cleaning up the rivers. I
am well aware that air pollution control is part of the
process and that it costs money. But that does not concer
me one bit.
As a court in New Jersey pointed out in
substantially these words., we are well aware that
economic dislocation is the inevitable result of pollu-
tion control devices.
The question is not economic dislocation.
It is a question of whether we shall save human lives.
We choose to follow that course and save human lives.
Thank you.
(Applause.)
MR. STEIN: Thank you. Are there any
comments or questions?
If not, next we will call on Mr. Gerald
Marks, former trustee of the Sanitary District and a
long-time participant in the fight against pollution.
Mr. Marks.
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^ 28
G. Marks
GERALD MARKS
CANDIDATE FOR CONGRESS
WILMETTE, ILLINOIS
MR. MARKS: As a former Sanitary District
trustee, I am critical of U. S. Steel for not cleaning up
their pollution in accordance with the original schedule.
No matter what their difficulty, I believe It was their
responsibility to have acted more aggressively in this
matter.
But on the other hand, we also have to
learn from the errors that were made in the handling of
this particular case as well as to the whole fight agains
pollution by government bodies. The maze of jurisdictions
arguments, the conflict of standards and criteria between
different jurisdictions, the conflict in personalities
and the fact that every politician and aspiring politiciar
including myself, jump into the matter from a different
point of view and create a great deal of confusion.
These are all matters that are helping prevent a more
rapid fight against pollution and could prevent future
-------
29
G. Marks
problems from being resolved as rapidly as they could.
I am familiar with the Sanitary District
and some of their problems. I am familiar with the fact
that Dr. Joel Kaplovs.ky,who is a former director of
research and development there, informed me that as
early as 1966 the negotiations between U. S. Steel and
the Sanitary District for some reason fell apart. I
know that the relationship between the Metropolitan
Sanitary District and the Illinois Sanitary Water Board
was more a fight between the two than it was a fight
against pollution. These are things that I believe are
N
causing a great deal of the problem that is manifest here
today and we are not fighting pollution.
Now, we can't relive all 01 the things
that happened during this period of time, but we sure as
heck can learn from it. Let's make sure that government
bodies work together in the same direction, not separate!^
as we have had in the past. Let's make sure performance
and cooperation are the bywords. We have the technology
to fight pollution. We have the ability to do it. Let'
not have politics and personality prevent accelerated
fights in our pollution abatement programs.
-------
J. Karaganis
Thank you.
(Applause.)
MR. STEIN: Thank you, Mr. Marks.
Any comments or questions?
If not., may we have Joseph Karaganis of
the Businessmen for the Public Interest.
Mr. Karaganis.
JOSEPH KARAGANIS, ATTORNEY
BUSINESSMEN FOR THE PUBLIC INTEREST
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
MR. KARAGANIS: Good morning, Mr. Chairman
members of the board, ladies and gentlemen.
My name is Joseph Karaganis. I am an
attorney representing a foundation known as Businessmen
for the Public Interest. Since the issue here today is the
conduct of two major industries in relation to the contro
and abatement of water pollution, a foundation founded by
businessmen thought it would be appropriate to state the!
stand on the issues being discussed here today.
Mr. Minney, of the Indiana Izaak Walton
-------
. , 31
J. Karaganis
League, raised a very pertinent question. It seemed to
me that he was saying why do two major companies who have
vast financial resources, who have great technological
skills, as demonstrated by their places in the industry,
why is it that they take so long when their counterparts
in the industry have met pollution deadline schedules?
Why aren't they meeting these schedules?
I happen to be representing a group of
citizens that are fighting these same two companies in
the field of air pollution, and interestingly enough,
there is a substantial parallel between the activities
of Republic Steel and United States Steel in the field of
air pollution control and in the field of water pollution
control.
¥e found, and it is demonstrated in the
record of this conference in December of 1968, that pol-
lution control facilities are normally placed on new
equipment. What suffers is old equipment. I am not an
economist, but it seems to me that a judgment is being
made here saying that an old facility though operative
has a certain useful life. That useful life may be such
that it is too expensive to place controls on that
-------
J. Karaganis
facility because it is going to be retired at a short
date. At the same time that facility is too useful to
shut down. So they make a judgment: let's stall; let's
put our investment in new facilities, in new basic oxygen
furnaces, new electric furnace controls; but let's not
talk about open hearths, let's not talk about blast
furnace capacities. Let's just continue on as long as
we can. And it is a businessman's judgment, it is an
economic judgment.
Now, that was too long an answer to Mr.
Minney's question, but it is a very pertinent question
that this conl'erence should decide. Should companies be
allowed to make economic judgments which are detrimental
to the public interest? And that is what we are talking
about here and that is what all our responsibilities are.
The question that Businessmen for the
Public Interest submits as the central question for this
conference is whether these industries can continue to
use and abuse not their assets but a public asset. The
waters belong to us, the citizens, and not U. S. Steel
and Republic Steel. That these industries are polluting
Lake Michigan is indisputable.
-------
33
J. Karaganis
There are several alternatives available
to the gentlemen of this conference. At the one extreme,
the industries in violation can be ordered to shut down,
and several of the conferees present at this table have
that power. They can be shut down until they can guarantee--
and they say that it is December 31a 1970--until they can
guarantee that they will not pollute. At the other
extreme, the industries in violation can just be given
carte blanche to continue to pollute.
The conferees sitting at this table have
apparently concluded without much discussion that shuttin
down polluters is too radical a solution. Yet Businessme
for the Public Interest submit that businessmen who vio-
late the law are entitled to no better treatment than
any other criminal, and violating the law is what we have
here. A narcotics peddler would not be allowed to sell
narcotics one minute after he is discovered. An industrial
polluter should not be allowed to continue pouring garbag
into our air and water for years after discovered. Indeed
trafficking in pollution may be much more destructive to
the public interest than trafficking in narcotics.
Nevertheless, you gentlemen apparently
-------
J. Karaganis
have concluded that pollution will be allowed to continue
as long as polluters are engaged in what you say is a
good faith attempt to abate their pollution. Deadlines
can come and go, Lake Michigan can continue to die and
violators go unpunished.
¥hat about the polluters who ,have demon-
strated a clear-cut contempt for the public interest? By
your action in referring the United States Steel and
Republic Steel question to the Secretary of the Interior,
you apparently decided that U. S. Steel and Republic
Steel have acted in bad faith. Yet, as Assistant Secre-
tary Klein clearly pointed out, the Federal Government
under existing legislation is relatively impotent in con-
trolling the kind of pollution we are dealing with today.
The time schedules are much too long.
I suggest in response to the difficulties
that' the Assistant Secretary suggested that the Depart-
ment of the Interior present to Congress, the President
present to Congress-, remedial legislation suggesting or
requiring the Federal Government and allowing the Federal
Government to take action. However, as Secretary Klein
pointed out, there are other agencies who can take acti
-------
, .35
J. Karaganis
on a very rapid basis here, including the Federal
Government in a different Department.
Under the Federal River and Harbor Act,
criminal prosecution is called for for those who pollute
navigable waters. As a legal question, I don't think
there is any doubt that United States Steel and Republic
Steel are polluting navigable waters in violation of the
Federal River and Harbor Act. Our local United States
Attorney, Mr. Foran, could and should enforce this law.
The Metropolitan Sanitary District has
apparently taken the position that v/e will sue, but if
United States Steel gives us their word that they are
going to stop polluting, we will settle the lawsuit. I
submit that United States Steel's past actions, both in
air pollution and water pollution, do not justify such
trust.
Secondly, Mr. Caldwell here has made a
very aggressive statement on behalf of the Illinois
Attorney General. The Illinois Attorney General under
recent legislation does have the power to go in and shut
down a plant if necessary on a very short schedule.
And finally there was a point that
-------
36
J. Karaganis
Representative Mann made, that if a Nation that can go
to the moon--and I am sure that United States Steel and
Republic Steel take partial credit for supplying some
of the materials in the moon program—if a Nation can go
to the moon, it certainly can build and install the kind
of equipment that we are talking about in the shortest
possible time. Remember., United States Steel was talking
at one time #t?out 1972. The 1970 figure isn't their
figure; it is a compromise figure that was worked out
with enforcement authorities. So that, I think, is one
last bit of evidence about the kind of good faith we are
talking about.
Thank you.
(Applause.)
MR. STEIN: Thank you.
Are there any comments or questions?
Just speaking for the conferees, I have
two very brief comments. One, I don't think that the
conferees arrived at any conclusions that I know of--and
I have known these conferees for a long time—without
considerable discussion. I never heard a conclusion
arrived at without discussion.
-------
37
L. ¥. Bieker
And secondly, I want to make it clear for
the record, as far as I understood the recommendations
of the conferees ,there has been no implication in the
conferees' recommendations that we have made in this
case that United States Steel, Republic or any other
company was proceeding in bad faith. I don't see that
in the record at all.
I will call on a husband and wife team,
Mr. and Mrs. Troy. Who do you want to go first?
L. W. BIEKER
SAVE THE DUNES COUNCIL
MUNSTER, INDIANA
MR. BIEKER: -Mr. Chairman, members of the
Board.
My name is L. ¥. Bieker. I am a member
of the Save the Dunes Council. I reside in Munster,
Indiana. I am speaking today in behalf of or for Mrs.
Troy, who is unable to be here.
(Whereupon, Mr. Bieker read the following
letter:)
-------
38
$D
• - ,t'f>.''
PRESIDENT
MRS. J. H. BUELL
1111 OGDEN DUNES
PORTAGE, INDIANA
Please reply to:
TREASURER
MRS. J. C. B. SIMS
BOX 303
CHESTERTON. INDIANA
1512 Park Drive
Mans te r, Indlana
46321
August 26, 1969
Chairman of Hearings
Calumet Enforcement Conference on Lake Michigan
LaSalle Hotel
Chicago, Illinois
Sir:
The Save the Danes Council has tried for many years to conserve
the quality of important parts of the shoreline and waters of
Lake Michigan for the public good. Only through serious com-
promise allowing industrial installations on the Calument area
beaches was it possible to get Congress to establish a National
Lakeshore park. The methods used by industry to fulfill its
wants and the effects of those industries on the waters and
shoreline have been obvious and regretable.
Because of our experience we speak strongly for forceful applica-
tion of controls and increased protections against the misuse of
our precious water resources. We have had to look to the co-
operative efforts of Illinois and Indiana state agencies to put
into effect the terms of the federal controls to protect against
misuse of our precious and scarce water supply. Because the lake
seems large and unending as a source, we fail to recognize that
this area is second in the nation in scarcity of per capita supply.
We cannot countenance any further delay or any relaxing in the
standards that are required now and urge the hastening of fulfill-
ing requirements and shortening of deadlines and equitable appli-
cation of requirements. Industry has a powerful voice and a vor-
acious appetite. Misuse of our water resources by municipalities
as well as state and federal government installations only worsens
the situation by setting bad precedents. We hope this conference
can come to a firm decision to apply and improve controls on all
of us.
Respectfully submitted,
^
^AAXv^^ fMr-M
TMrs.JM.JSylvIa Troy, \
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39
OFFICERS
PRESIDENT:
MRS. J. H. BLJELL
EXECUTIVE VICE-PRESIDENT
MRS. JACK M. TROY
1512 PARK DRIVE
MUNSTER. INDIANA 46321
1ST VICE PRESIDENT:
MERRILL ORMES
921 HINMAN AVENUE
EVANSTON, ILLINOIS 60202
2ND VICE.PRESIDENT
ROBE.RT MANN
111 HARDING
MICHIGAN CITY, INDIANA 46360
RECORDING SECRETARY:
MRS. CARL PETERS
511 EAST MORGAN
CHESTERTON, INDIANA 46304
CORRESPONDING SECRETARY:
MRS. WILLIAM KOWALISYN
221 - 173RD PLACE
HAMMOND, INDIANA 46323
TREASURER:
MRS. J. C. B. SIMS
BC:X 303
CHESTERTON, INDIANA 46304
COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN
PUBLIC RELATIONS:
MR. & MRS. LAMBERT BOTTS
5216 BLACKSTONE
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
THOMAS DUSTIN
106 WEST WILDWOOD
FORT WAYNE, INDIANA 46807
SPEAKERS BUREAU:
RICHARD H, SCHEUB
238 NORTH HENRY ST
GARY, INDIANA
MEMBERSHIP:
MRS. LAWRENCE BIEKER
11S4 RIDGE ROAD
MUNSTER, INDIANA 46321
NEWSLETTER:
FLORENCE BROADY
BOX 709 "
PORTAGE, INDIANA
PHOTOGRAPHY:
JOHN NELSON
BOX 948, OGDEN DUNES
PORTAGE INDIANA 46368
LEGAL:
EDWARD W. OSANN, JR.
92 WEST ROAD, DUNE ACRES
CHESTERTON, INDIANA 46304
ENGINEERING:
HERBERT P. READ
M. R. BOX 438
CHESTERTON, INDIANA 46304
NEWSPAPER RECORDS:
RENEE BYRNE
M. R. BOX 489
CHESTERTON, INDIANA 46304
NATURAL HISTORY:
MRS. EDWARD HOWES
DUNE ACRES
CHESTERTON, INDIANA 46304
DUNES ART, NOTEPAPER, CARDS:
MRS. K. BENNINGER
BOX 600, OGDEN DUNES
PORTAGE, INDIANA
REGIONAL CHAIRMEN
MRS. THOMAS DUSTIN
R. R= 1
HUNTERTOWN, INDIANA 46748
JOHN ALEXANDER
1920 RIDG.E ROAD
MUNSTER INDIANA 46321
ADVISORY BOARD
DURWARD L. ALLEN
PROF, WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
PURDUE UNIVERSITY, LAFAYETTE, IND.
MRS. NORTON W. BARKER
MICHIGAN CITY, INDIANA
DR. W. J. BEECHER
DIRECTOR, CHICAGO ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
DR. STANLEY A. CAIN
ASST. SECRETARY, FISH, WILDLIFE i PARKS
DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR
WASHINGTON, D.C
JOSEPH GERMANO
DIRECTOR, DISTRICT 31
UNITED STEELWORKERS OF AMERICA
EAST CHICAGO, INDIANA
KENNETH HENDERSON
RECREATION & CONSERVATION DIRECTOR
UNITED AUTOMOBILE WORKERS UNION, REGION 3
INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA
•SPORTS AFIELD"
MICHAEL HUDOBA
WASHINGTON EDITOR
WASHINGTON, D. C.
PROF. CHARLES S. KENDEIGH
ZOOLOGY DEPT., UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
CHAMPAIGN, ILLINOIS
DR. A. A. LINDSEY
DEPT, OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
PUF 1(JE UNIVERSITY
WEST LAFAYETTE, INDIANA
PROF. HAROLD MAYER
DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY
UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
PROF. CHARLES E. Ol.MSTEAD
CHAIRMAN DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY
UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
RICHARD POUGH
NEW, YORK, NEW YORK
EARL H. REED *
CHESTERTON, INDIANA
HELGA SANDBURG CRILE
CLEVELAND, OHIO
FLOYD SWINK
MORTON ARBORETUM
LISLE, ILLINOIS
EDWIN WAY TEALE.
LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK
MRS. CHARLES WALGREEN
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
MRS. HARRIET COWLES WALLER
CLAYTON, MISSOURI
PROF. JAMES WATSON
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY
HARVARD UNIVERSITY
CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS ••
"DECEASED 1968
10 NOBEL PRIZE WINNER, 1962
MAIL TAX DEDUCTIBLE CONTRIBUTIONS FOR LAND ACQUISITION TO
INDIANA DUNES NATIONAL LAKESHORE TRUST, BOX 303, CHESTERTON, INDIANA 46304
-------
L. W. Bieker
MR. BIEKER: Thank you, gentlemen.
(Applause.)
MR. STEIN: Any comments or questions?
If not, thank you.
Are we going to have a statement from Mrs
Troy and the Izaak Walton League or does this constitute
her statement?
MR. BIEKER: I believe there is a statemen-
to be made by the Izaak Walton League.
MR. STEIN: Who Is going to make that state
ment?
While that is decided, may we have Mrs.
Robert E. O'Brien of the Lake Michigan League of Women
Voters?
(Which said statement was given by Mrs.
O'Brien as follows:)
-------
LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS OF ILLINOIS
67 East Madison St., Chicago 60603
STATEMENT TO THE CALUMET AREA ENFORCEMENT CONFERENCE
BY MRS. ROBERT E. O'BRIEN, REPRESENTING
LAKE MICHIGAN INTER-LEAGUE GROUP, LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS
August 26, 1969
The Lake Michigan Inter-League Group, representing local and state Leagues of Women
Voters in the four'State Lake Michigan Basin, appreciates this opportunity to ex-
press its views on pollution in the Calumet area of Lake Michigan.
Members of the League of Women Voters have been in attendance at all sessions of
this conference and were profoundly impressed by the December 11, 1968, report to
the conferees of the Calumet Area Surveillance Unit of the Federal Water Pollution
Control Administration. In laymen's terms, industrial pollution in this area has
not been greatly reduced since 1965 as had been expected when the conference made
its first recommendations and established criteria. Pollution has probably in-
creased because of the addition of sanitary and industrial wastes which have been
diverted to municipal systems since 1965. For the most part, water quality has
not improved in the last four years. We can only assume that the criteria and
timetable for implementation have failed, both for industries and for the munici-
palities which by-pass treatment plants in times of storm.
We do not recommend punitive action which might delay positive action,, We urge
this conference to establish realistic completion dates for United States Steel
Corporation and Republic Steel Corporation to comply with criteria. Following this,
we ask the Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago to move with all pos-
sible speed to adopt and implement the stipulation between the District and United
States Steel Corporation on a construction program for the South Works. A similar
and binding agreement should also be demanded for Republic Steel.
We further ask the Metropolitan Sanitary District to reconsider Appendix A of its
Proposed Industrial Waste Ordinance before adoption. As written, that portion of
the ordinance would permit all existing sewer systems to continue to discharge to
Lake Michigan after the adoption of the ordinance. A "grandfather clause" of this
type could set a dangerous legal precedent which could adversely affect the future
of Lake Michigan. We think the original wording which prohibited outfalls to Lake
Michigan is essential and in keeping with the objectives of this conference.
In view of the intermittent flow of the Calumet River to Lake Michigan, we support
continued jurisdiction by this conference in all areas of its original jurisdic-
tion.
continued
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42
Statement to Calumet Area Enforcement Conference August 26, 1969 page two
We urge immediate consideration and implementation of any remedial measures recom-
mended by your recently appointed Technical Committee which would upgrade water
quality. We cannot wait another four years for improvement in the waters of Lake
Michigan and its tributaries.
All members of the League of Women Voters within the Lake Michigan Basin support
the Citizens' Crusade for Clean Water which asks the United States Congress to ap-
propriate $1 billion for this fiscal year for sewage treatment plant construction
as promised by the Congress in the Clean Water Restoration Act of 1966. A-sig-
nificant portion of the pollution of Lake Michigan could be reduced by adequate
grants to the municipalities which must manage increasingly larger sewage loads.
The gap between promise and fulfillment should not be permitted to widen as the
quality of Lake Michigan water deteriorates.
f ######
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Mrs. L. W. Bieker
(Applause.)
MR. STEIN: Thank you, Mrs. O'Brien.
Any comments or questions?
If not, may we have Mrs. L. W. Bieker, of
the Indiana Division of the American Association of
University Women.
MRS. L. ¥. BIEKEE
INDIANA DIVISION
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF UNIVERSITY WOMEN
MUNSTER, INDIANA
MRS. BIEKER: We appreciate the opportunit
to make known our views on the issue of enforcing water
quality standards in the Calumet area of Lake Michigan.
The Indiana Division of the American Association of
University Women supports measures that will increase
protection of the public interest in the problem of pol-
lution control and requests that there be no relaxing or
extension of meeting those standards.
Local governments and industry have pro-
tested against what they have considered too much Federal
-------
44
Mrs. L. W. Bieker
Government control during the 70 years of attempts
by the national government to correct misuse of our water
Much of the action by the Federal Government toward help-
ing the public has been dissipated and fractionated spot
patching. Nevertheless, the public has to depend upon
that control for protection against misuse of our local
and national resources. We have been glad to see Illinois
and Indiana endeavor to cooperate in setting and enforcing
standards that affect populations of both States but
recognize already that the efforts have not gone far enougl
No resource seems so important as our
•water supply. Since the Chicago area is considered
second in the country in its scarcity of water on the
basis of per capita needs, we attach great importance
not only to the legislation bearing on water quality and
use but to the proper and equitable enforcement of the
standards set for this area.
The reports on lake conditions since 1965,
despite efforts by some industries to improve and alter
their facilities for water treatment and use, indicate
the folly in relaxing at all the requirements set. Since
additional and larger industries have been permitted to
-------
Mrs. L. ¥. Bieker
be built along the lake shore and powerplants affecting
the water supply and quality have grown in number and
influence, it is obvious that increased destructive
influences on the lake have stiffened the need for even
firmer control in administering the law.
It is already much too late to consider
lowering the standards or extending deadlines for
enforcement. All over the world it is recognized that
demands of industry completely overwhelm all efforts to
keep pollution in check. The public has given up far
too much already in losing its proper use of Lake Michi-
gan. When have the economic benefits of careless and
illegal use of our lake water supply been weighed against
the cost of gradual homicide?
Thank you for whatever improvements you
can influence this conference to make.
(Applause.)
MR. STEIN: Thank you very much, Mrs.
Bieker.
Any comments or questions?
If not, we also have a statement of the
Committee on Lake Michigan Pollution, which we will include
in the record.
(Which said statement is as follows:)
-------
STATEMENT OF THE COMMITTEE ON LAKE MICHIGAN POLLUTION
FOR
CALUMET ENFORCEMENT CONFERENCE
AUGUST 26, 1969
It is the presumption of this Committee that United States Steel Corpo-
ration (U.S. Steel) and Republic Steel Corporation (Republic Steel) will at this
Conference restate their request for additional extensions of time to comply
with the standards set by the Conferees. In the case of Republic Steel, the
extension is to be December 31, 1970, and for U.S. Steel, November of 1971.
This Committee views with concern the inability or lack of motivation
on the part of these two companies to meet the standards which their competitors
and other heavy industries have met or will meet by the end of 1969. Of all of
the polluters cited at the 1965 Conference, the two companies in question have
not only not complied but have apparently failed to evidence a good faith effort
to comply.
If all of the other cited polluting companies will have fully complied by
the end of 1969, the unusual delays sought by U.S. Steel and Republic Steel
should be granted only if the Conferees are satisfied that these entities are
currently committed under contract to pay, or have paid, amounts to under-
take the planning and construction to fully comply with the conference require-
ments within the extension period.
Secondly, if such extension periods are granted, that monetary per diem
penalty provisions be established, to go into effect if the polluting company does
not fully comply at the end of the extended period. The imposition of such a
device will provide the apparently needed incentive for full and prompt compliance.
It is not unfair for the Conferees to put the non-complying companies into
a position of automatic and severe penalties should they, for any reason., fail to
comply considering the gravity of the situation. They have enjoyed and are
continuing to enjoy the benefit of full operation at profit in the face of acknow-
ledged pollution of a natural resource in directly affecting the rights of the
nation as a whole and directly affecting the right of millions of people residing
in the Lake Michigan water basin.
The only remaining alternative remedy, an undoubtedly harsh one as
it would affect the stockholders and employees of the non-complying company,
is to require immediate and complete termination of the plant operations that'
are the source of pollution until the pollution abatement equipment and con-
struction is completed and ready for full and effective operation.
Committee on Lake Michigan Pollution
2738 Woodbine
Evanston, Illinois 60201
August 24, 1969
-------
___________^^ iz
Murray Stein
MR. STEIN: And Congressman Edward J.
Derwinski has asked that the record be kept open for a
statement of his. Without objection, that will be done.
(Which said statement, when received,
will be appended to the end of this transcript.)
MR. STEIN: At this point we will recess
for ten minutes and then continue with the agenda.
(Recess)
MR. STEIN: Let's reconvene.
In order to move this along, we are going
to try to give the other citizen groups who made them-
selves known in the registration this morning an oppor-
tunity for a statement here. And I hope in dealing with
this that all citizens, other than official agencies and
the industries, wishing to speak will have done so. I
ask for your cooperation in trying to go ahead in an
orderly fashion. As I pointed out, we are not here to
cut anybody off. But I think that we should have short
and succinct statements.
One thing that struck me in all the state-
ments that we had this morning was they were short, to
the point and hit specifics. If we have done nothing els
-------
Mrs. G. Capstaff
in the years we have held conferences, I think we have
more incisive and precise citizens' reports.
I do have a letter here from Mrs. Geneviev
Capstaff that, without objection, I would like to put in
the record.
(Which said letter is as follows:)
South Bell Avenue
Chicago, Illinois 60643
August 6, 1969
Federal Water Pollution Control
219 South Dearborn
Chicago, Illinois
Gentlemen :
It is imperative that we do everything
in our power to save Lake Michigan.
The dumping of oil and waste by the steel
companies must be stopped. The use of DDT must cease.
Do all in your power to strengthen and
enforce the laws to protect this beautiful and useful
work of nature.
Sincerely,
(Mrs.) Genevieve Capstaff.
MR. STEIN: And now I would like to call
on Lois C. Bishop of the Rainbow Neighbors.
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49
Mrs. R. B. Bishop
Mrs. Bishop.
MRS. R. B. BISHOP, CHAIRMAN
ENVIRONMENTAL COMMITTEE
RAINBOW NEIGHBORS
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
MRS. BISHOP: Good morning, Mr. Chairman,
members of the conference, ladies and gentlemen.
My name is Lois C, Bishop. I am testify-
ing today as the Chairman of the Environmental Committee
of Rainbow Neighbors.
We are a neighborhood organization in the
South Shore district of Chicago, adjoining Rainbow beach
and Rainbow park, and located directly to the north of
U. S. Steel's South Works. Our beach and park have been
one of the most beautiful places in the city and are used
and loved by the whole neighborhood. The beach and park
are sorely needed as a recreational facility by a neigh-
borhood whose population, particularly of children, is
increasing steadily, and whose recreational facilities
and park land are already considered deficient by plannink
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5Q
Mrs. R. B. Bishop
groups, including the Department of Planning of the city
of Chicago.
Only a few years ago one could not only
swim in clear water, but could catch good game fish righ
off the piers. A sizable fishing industry was located or
the lake also. The quality of the lake is deteriorating
at an accelerating rate, and it will be a massive job to
restore it to the clarity we once knew. We must not con
tinue to pollute it besides.
We reject completely the contention of
certain industries that they have any right to put any addi-
tives whatever into the lake. We further reject their c<
tention that the rights of industry can ever be consider
superior to the rights of the citizenry to enjoy their b:
right of clear air and water in their own neighborhood.
Consequently, we feel that any chemical
additives or heated water used as cooling water, or for
any other purpose, should not be permitted.
We support the Metropolitan Sanitary Dist
in its suit to force U.S. Steel to comply with the oresei
deadlines.
We feel very strongly that the companies
who have not met the present deadlines should be require*
t.n r\ n R n} and f.ha.+. hpa.vy ppna.1t.-ipp;
n-
d
rth-
ict
t
-------
51
Mrs. R. B. Bishop
against them for non-compliance, both past and present.
We also feel that no further extension
should be granted to these companies.
We understand that two companies, Interlak
and Wisconsin, have substantially met the deadlines, and
it is grossly unfair to them to grant an economic advantage
to U. S. Steel and Republic Steel because they have not
complied. Both the non-complying companies have been per
sistent and chronic offenders in air pollution also, lead
ing us to suspect that their attitude is hardly one of
public service, despite their advertisements.
We do not see any reason whatever why they
should be treated any differently than a company that has
been guilty of fraud or theft or any other sort of crimi-
nal activity. In fact since it is our lives and our
irreplaceable resources that are being destroyed by
these companies, we feel that they should be treated
more severely than ordinary criminals.
Thank you.
(Applause.)
MR. STEIN: Thank you, Mrs. Bishop.
Any comments or questions?
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52
G. A. Peterson
Again let me make one statement just for
the record and edification of the people here. The pro-
cedure that we are under here today, that is the Federal
conference procedure, is a civil procedure, not a crimina
procedure. This question was carefully considered by the
Congress, and the Congress decided we could make better
progress in this field if we would do this under a civil
procedure.
May we call on Mr. Gunnar A. Peterson of
the Open Lands Project.
Mr. Peterson.
GUNNAR A. PETERSON, EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
OPEN LANDS PROJECT
53 W. JACKSON BOULEVARD, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
MR. PETERSON: Mr. Chairman and members of
the Calumet area enforcement conference, I am Gunnar
Peterson, Executive Director of the Open Lands Project
with offices at 53 West Jackson. The Open Lands Project
is a non-profit, privately supported organization dedi-
cated to the preservation of open space and man's natural
-------
G. A. Peterson
environment.
I am here today to urge you to take what-
ever measures are within your power to preserve Lake
Michigan as a multi-purpose resource for open space,
recreation and natural beauty as well as a source of
water for municipal and industrial purposes.
As a minimum, you must press for mainte-
nance of the water quality standards set by this con-
ference for industries within its jurisdiction. You must
insist that the standards be met with the dispatch
necessary to preserve the health of the lake, not at
some future time convenient for industries and other
polluters who frag--flagrantly--and I almost said
fragrantly, and I think that would be a good slip
(laughter)--who flagrantly misuse this public resource.
The inordinate amount of time required by
U. S. Steel to design facilities and acquire materials,
as detailed in their May 1969 progress report, is unjusti
fiable. Their future intentions must be questioned in
light of the fact that so little work had been started
at that point, six months after it was supposed to have
been completed.
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G. A. Peterson
In view of the report to this conference
last December 11, by Robert Bowden of the Calumet Sur-
veillance Unit of the Lake Michigan Basin Office, no
industry, including these steel mills, or other polluters
such as the Great Lakes Naval Training Station, one of
our own governmental operations, should be allowed to
delay further the meeting of water quality standards and
to do so without penalty. In the technical words of the
report, the water at every intake for the cities of East
Chicago, Hammond and Gary and the Dunne Crib for Chicago,
which supplies our own drinking water, failed to meet
several important criteria, including that for "threshold
odors."
In plain words, it was so polluted it
stank. This is the water that residents of these cities
must drink, swim in and hold their noses while looking
at on the shore because of the pollution this conference
has not prevented in its pollution abatement program
begun almost five years ago. On behalf of the public that
suffers the greatest consequence of this failure, we ask
that the conference press forward in causing industry to
remove all contaminants before water taken from the lake
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G. A. Peterson
is returned to the lake. Early deadlines for meeting
water quality standards must be maintained., with severe
consequences to the violators when they are not.
Not only the lake, but the Grand Calumet-
Indiana Harbor Canal system and the Calumet River above
and below the O'Brien Locks must remain within the juris-
diction of the conference through the agencies of which
it is comprised. According to the surveillance report,
industrial pollution had not been reduced in the Grand
Calumet-Indiana Harbor Canal system and fecal pollution
was reduced only upstream, with the inevitable result
that the water quality had deteriorated further since
1965. The Little Calumet did not meet criteria, but had
improved slightly in spite of severe pollution from sewer
overflows.
¥e question whether pollution has indeed
been dealt with when the method was simply moving it to
*
another location rather than by removal by the responsibl
industry at the source.
The Calumet River between the O'Brien
Lock and the lake must remain within the conference
jurisdiction because of the high level of pollution which
-------
56
G. A. Peterson
flows toward the lake whenever the wind is from the south
and evidently under other conditions as well. Mr. Vaughan
of the Department of Water of the city of Chicago reported
to the conference last February that in 29 out of 47
weekly observations the flow was toward the lake in the
river mouth at the 92nd Street Bridge.
Finally., this conference must not only
prohibit discharge of industrial and sewage wastes into
the lake that would violate present water quality stand-
ardsa it must review its criteria in the light of the
need to reverse the eutrophication or death of the lake,
not just delay it slightly, perhaps.
Dependence on assimilation and dilution
in large mixing zones is not adequate. Standards should
be met at the outfalls from the sources, not some distanc
away, such as at the intakes, where responsibility for
specific contaminations cannot be assigned.
In its review, it is imperative that the
conference add to its water quality criteria by setting
standards for heat that will avoid thermal pollution.
With the ample scientific evidence of the
effects of heat on accelerating growth of algae and
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, 57
G. A. Peterson
release of oxygen, cooling waters containing more heat
when discharged into the lake than when -withdrawn cannot
be considered free of pollution. Actually, not only heat
but chemicals to inhibit rust and prevent growth of fungi
are added deliberately to cooling waters, which inad-
vertently pick up other contaminants in the pipes through
which they circulate in many industrial systems. So-called
recycling systems that do not include removal of all such
substances as well as the added heat should not be con-
sidered effective antipollution measures.
In conclusion, our views may be summed up
as a belief that the purpose of this conference ought to
be to preserve the lake from as much pollution as pos-
sible, not to make use of it to dispose of as much waste
as possible. Only then will we and all others who live
on its shores be able to drink it, swim in it and not
have to smell it.
Only then will the equally important
purposes of providing open space, recreation and
clean water for people and industry be served. U. S.
and Republic Steel must join in the effort with all haste
to compensate for the time already lost and without
-------
H. ¥. Poston
further delay.
Thank you.
(Applause.)
MR. STEIN: Thank you, Mr. Peterson.
Any comments or questions?
If notj at this point we will call on
Mr. Poston for the Federal surveillance report.
Mr. Poston.
FEDERAL PRESENTATION
MR. POSTON: I am asking Mr. Garlysle
Peraberton to make the report of the Technical Committee^
which has access to all of the data on quality in the
area.
Mr. Pemberton.
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59
C. Pemberton, Jr.
CARLYSLE PEMBERTON, JR., DIRECTOR
OFFICE OF TECHNICAL PROGRAMS
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, FWPCA
GREAT LAKES REGIONAL OFFICE, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
MR. PEMBERTON: Mr. Chairman, conferees
and ladies and gentlemen.
I am Carlysle Pemberton, Director of Technical
Programs in the Federal Water Pollution Control Administration,
Great Lakes Regional Office. I am presenting a progress
report for the Technical Committee which was appointed
after the last session. I will read from the report.
The Technical Committee was established in
accordance with the desire of the conferees expressed at
the third progress evaluation meeting held in December
1968 and January 1969. The Committee was requested to
assess the results obtained thus far byv conference action!
and to determine whether additional actions by the con-
ferees will be required to achieve satisfactory water
quality in the conference area. Present Committee member;
are:
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6o
C. Pemberton, Jr.
H. W. Poston, Chairman - Federal Water
Pollution Control Administration.
B. T. Lynam - Metropolitan Sanitary
District of Greater Chicago.
R. S. Nelle - Illinois Sanitary Water
Board.
0. H. Hert - Indiana Stream Pollution
Control Board.
As I said, I am the Director of the
Technical Programs Office of the Great Lakes Region,,
which has provided the major Federal technical input to
the Committee, and I am presenting the report for the
Committee.
The Committee has held eight meetings at
approximately monthly intervals, has agreed on a course
of action, and has pursued that course as rapidly as
possible. Specific tasks of the Committee are:
(1) Assemble and evaluate all existing
data on quality of receiving waters and of municipal and
industrial effluents.
(2) Estimate future quality of receiving
waters, using the waste loads from industrial and
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6i
G. Pemberton, Jr.
municipal waste treatment facilities as prescribed by the
local regulatory agencies.
(3) Determine whether further control
measures will be needed to achieve satisfactory water
quality in the Conference area, and make recommendations
to the conferees.
Upon completion of the evaluation of
existing data, the Committee will furnish the conferees
an Interim Report, At the present time, the data evalu-
ation is in rough draft stage and this statement will
present conclusions on water quality changes over the
past four years for Grand Calumet River, Lake Michigan,
Little Calumet River and Wolf Lake. Data for Calumet
River are being analyzed. In general, it can be said
that the waters of the conference area are far from satis-
factory and violate the conference criteria at many loca-
tions. There have been improvements for some parameters
at some sampling stations. These improvements usually
can be related to pollution abatement actions taken by
municipalities and industries in the area. Similarly,
lack of improvement in water quality has also sometimes
resulted from changes in waste handling procedures.
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62
C. Pemberton, Jr.
Major improvements in water quality cannot be expected
until adequate treatment plants at five major steel
plants are completed. Pollution from combined sewers,
surface runoff, and inadequate municipal waste treatment
must be controlled before satisfactory water quality can
be achieved. Although all municipalities provide seconda:
treatment and chlorination, existing treatment appears
to be inadequate in some instances and will require
further improvement.
I will now go through the sampling station
and Mr. Degutis will point them out on the map.
Station 1 - Grand Calumet River at
Pennsylvania Railroad Bridge.
Over the past four years, there has been
general improvement in total conforms, fecal coliforms,
fecal streptococci,, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical
oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), the
nitrogen series, methylene blue active substances (MBAS)
or detergents, phenols and oils. This is moderate
improvement. There has been significant improvement in
sulfate and pH, hydrogen-ion concentration, which is an
indication of acidity. In spite of the improvements
y
-------
. 6?
G. Pemberton, Jr.
noted., however, water quality at this station remains
unsatisfactory.
Station 2 - Indiana Harbor Canal at 151st
Street.
There have been no significant changes in
the unsatisfactory water quality over the past four years
Slight improvements have occurred in DO, sulfate and
ammonia nitrogen.
Station 3 ~ Indiana Harbor Canal at Dickey
Roaa.
There has been very little change in the
unsatisfactory water quality in the past four years.
Phenols show a slight improvement. Dissolved oxygen has
decreased at this station.
Station 4 - Indiana Harbor at Mouth p_f_
Canal.
Station 6 - Indiana Harbor at Inner Harbor
There have been significant reductions in
levels of sulfate and phenol at both stations. Moderate
improvement has occurred at Station 6 in pH, organic
nitrogen, total iron, cyanide, suspended solids and
turbidity. There has been little change in other
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6*1
C. Pemberton, Jr.
parameters measured. The overall water quality remains
unsatisfactory.
~ Grand Calumet River at
Indiana Belt Railroad Bridge .
When all parameters are considered, more
show a tendency toward lowering of the water quality
here than show improvement. Water quality at this station
remains unsatisfactory.
Station 8 - Little Calumet River at Went-
worth Avenue.
Total coliform counts have increased,
although fecal coliform and fecal streptococci are not
significantly changed.
Some improvement is indicated for phosphat
and phenols .
Lower dissolved oxygen and higher ammonia
levels indicate further degradation in the already
degraded conditions.
Other parameters are unchanged.
_9 ~ Wolf Lake at State Line .
Station 10 -
Avenue.
Total phosphorus has increased at both
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C. Pemberton, Jr.
stations, with concentrations at State Line about double
those at the Outlet.
Other parameters showed no significant
changes.
Water quality of Wolf Lake remains satis-
factory.
Station 11 - Calumet Harbor at Mouth of
Calumet River.
Station 13 - Calumet Harbor.
Total coliform counts have decreased at
Station 11, while remaining steady at Station 13-
Ammonia nitrogen levels have declined at
both stations.
Phenols show an improvement at both static
Total phosphorus declined at Station 11,
but shows no significant change at Station 13.
Suspended solids have decreased at Station
11, and remain about the same at Station 13-
Turbidity and total iron concentrations
have shown significant improvement at Station 11, and
remain about the same at Station 13-
Sulfates have decreased at both stations.
The overall water quality at these station
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66
C. Pemberton, Jr.
has improved, but remains unsatisfactory.
Station l4 - Gary-West Water Plant_I_ntake.
S_tat_io_n__15 - East Chicago Water Plant Inta
S_ta,t_i_on_J..^ - Hammond Water Plant Intake.
s'tatTo'n _1_7 - Chicago So. Dist. Water Plant
In_t.ak_e_.
An analysis was made of the parameters
•which violated the criteria during the period of sampling
August 1966 through March 1969. The evaluation of trends
in water quality is presented in the attached table,
which indicates improvement in some parameters, no sig-
nificant change in others, and a decrease in quality at
Stations 14 and 17 for the threshold odor parameter.
Although an overall improvement is indicated, water
quality remains unsatisfactory because of the many cri-
teria violations.
Beaches.
The beach sampling program over the last
four years has indicated an overall improvement in water
quality as indicated by the reduced frequency of viola-
tions of the bacterial criteria. However, it was noted
that after July 15 of this year, total coliform counts
increased sharply at Rainbow Beach and the Calumet Harbor
Beaches. The high coliform counts were not accompanied
e.
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_ 6
G. Pemberton, Jr.
by high fecal streptococci counts.
Summary.
In general, water quality in the conferenc
area is still unsatisfactory, and violates the conference
criteria at many locations.
The improvements noted herein are apparent
trends based on an evaluation of a relatively short
period of surveillance.
Many of the indicated improvements in
water quality can be related to improvements in waste
control instituted by industries or municipalities.
Likewise, lack of improvement can sometimes be related
to changes in waste handling procedures.
Major improvements in water quality will
not be evident until adequate treatment facilities at the
steel plants are completed.
In order to achieve satisfactory water
quality in the conference area, further measures will be
needed. These include, but may not be limited to, contro
of pollution from combined sewers, surface runoff, and
inadequately treated municipal wastes.
Thank you.
(The following tables were submitted by
Mr. Pemberton:)
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68
SUMMARY OF EVALUATION OF TRENDS IN WATER QUALITY FOR PARAMETERS WHICH
VIOLATED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA (AUGUST 1966 THROUGH MARCH 1969)
(Criteria for Which Numerical Values were Specified)
Apparent Apparent No Apparent
Increase in Decrease in Change in
Parameter Water Quality Water Quality Water Quality
STATION 14 GARY-WEST WATER PLANT INTAKE
Coliform bact., MPN/IOO ml X
Fecal strep., No./I 00 ml X
True color units X
Threshold odor units X
pH units X
Dissolved oxygen, % sat. X
Ammonia nitrogen X
Total nitrogen X
MBAS X
Chlorides X
Phenol X
Total phosphate X
Filterable residue X
STATION" 15 EAST CHICAGO WATER PLANT INTAKE
Coliform bact., MPN/IOO ml X
Fecal strep., No./100 ml X
True color units X
Threshold odor units X
pH units X
Dissolved oxygen, % sat. X
Ammonia nitrogen X
Cyanides1 X
Phenol X
Total phosphate X
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69
SUMMARY OF EVALUATION OF TRENDS IN WATER QUALITY FOR PARAMETERS WHICH
VIOLATED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA (AUGUST 1966 THROUGH MARCH 1969)
(Criteria for Which Numerical Values were Specified)
Apparent Apparent No Apparent
Increase in Decrease in Change in
Parameter Water Quality Water Quality Water Quality
STATION 16 HAMMOND WATER PLANT INTAKE
Coliform bact., MPN/IOO ml X
Fecal strep., No./I 00 ml X
True color units X
Threshold odor units X
pH units X
Dissolved oxygen, % sat. X
Ammonia nitrogen X
MBAS • X
Phenol X
Total phosphate X
Filterable residue X
STATION 17 CHICAGO SOUTH WATER PLANT INTAKE
Fecal strep., No./IOOml X
Threshold odor units X
pH units X
Dissolved oxygen, % sat.
Ammonia nitrogen X
Total nitrogen X
Chlorides X
Phenol
Total phosphate
Fi Iterable residue
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jo,
C. Pemberton, Jr.
MR. STEIN: Thank you, Mr. Pemberton.
Are there any comments or questions?
MR. POSTON: For clarification, I would
like to ask Mr. Pemberton whether the Committee report
shows or will show the quality of our streams to be
expected at the completion of construction of the plants
that are now under construction?
MR. PEMBERTON: Yes, sir. Our interim
report which I spoke of will present in detail the
evaluations of the existing data which I have just
summarized, and we have set a time schedule to provide
a final report within six months after the interim report
and our final report would predict the water quality in
the area using the waste loadings as prescribed by the
regulatory agency, that is taking into account the treat-
ment plants as they will discharge after they are com-
pleted. This would be the Committee's final report. This
is not an easy job, but we think we can approximate it.
MR. STEIN: Mr. Poole.
MR. POOLE: I would like to request, Mr.
Chairman, that the next time we get a report at a
reconvening of this conference that it be a report of
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, 71
C. Pemberton, Jr.
the Committee rather than Mr. Pemberton's analysis. You
know, you can draw various conclusions from groups of
statistics, depending upon how you look at them, and I
would just prefer to have Committee reports rather than
a single man's analysis.
MR. STEIN: Right. I had noted that, but
I refer to the first page of the report. Maybe we should
get clarification.
It says that Mr. Pemberton is presenting
this report for the Committee.
MR. PEMBERTON: Yes, sir.
MR. STEIN: Are you speaking for the whole
Committee, Mr, Pemberton?
MR. PEMBERTON: Yes, sir. The Committee
met last Friday, roughed out this report and it was pre-
pared in final form yesterday. The full Committee hasn't
seen the final version. However, three of the four
4
members of the Committee have seen the final version and
to this date I haven't had any complaints.
But Mr. Poole, as a member of the Committe
being in Indianapolis hadn't had a chance to see the
final version. However, I discussed it over the phone
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72
C. Pemberton, Jr.
with him Monday of this week, I believe.
MR. STEIN: Well, I do think that this
report that we are getting here is probably going to be
a key to the conclusion of the case we have on the lower
end of Lake Michigan., and I think we can't emphasize
that too strongly.
Now, as I see this, since the focus in
the future is going to be on the water quality we achieve
because that is what we are looking for, and not neces-
sarily on the plants we build, it would be advisable to
have these reports pretty well reviewed in advance of
the conference if we can. In the future, the group
should look at these reports and it might be well to
rotate the person on the Committee who gives the report.
We can let someone from the Sanitary District or Illinois
or Indiana give this report for the Committee in the
future at sometime, as the Federal conferee did in the
previous meeting.
Let me try to resolve this, because I
think this is probably a very key point at this stage of
the proceedings. You say you are going to get an interin
report and a final report with recommendations. When
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C. Pemberton, Jr.
can we expect that final report?
MR. PEMBERTON: Well, we expect to com-
plete the interim report within the next 2 months and
the final report, as I said, was scheduled for 6 months
after the interim report. So that would be 8 months
from now.
MR. STEIN: This, it seems to me, may be
the problem. One of your charges is to determine where
control measures will be needed first to achieve satis-
factory water quality in the conference area and to make
recommendations to the conferees. It also seems to me
from various statements which are pretty general in your
report that you would think that possibly, even if we had
completed all the works that the conferees had agreed on,
water quality standards would not really be met in all
these cases.
If this is the case, I believe we must
get these recommendations to the conferees as soon
as possible. Otherwise, there is no point to all
this, whatever you may say about treatment works or
meeting deadlines or not meeting deadlines if all
these are done and the water quality does not meet the
requirements which we have set forth. The conferees, it
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74
C. Pemberton, Jr.
seems to me, need that information as e~arly as possible.
Maybe it is too long now. I will give you a personal
opinion. With all the work that we had done up to now,
and there has been considerable work that has been done
successfully--most of the petroleum and oil companies
have put in works; many of the steel companies have put
in remedial facilities; certainly the municipalities
have moved ahead--It certainly appeared to me that we
would see a better quality of water or improvement in
water quality than evidently is indicated by your report.
I think again we should try to get this as rapidly as
possible and not wait until these steel plants have
completed their works to find out that maybe we are not
getting the water quality we need.
Let me ask you one question, Mr. Pemberton.
after all that. Do you think it -would be possible to
get recommendations for consideration by the conferees
so that we could meet again in 6 months to do that?
This would mean that we would need those recommendations
perhaps in 5 months for the conferees, because
we just have to get at this aspect of the case. No one
is going to be happy if after the works are comoleted we
-------
G. Pemberton, Jr.
are going to keep getting these dismal reports that
water quality remains the same, slightly improved or
degraded.
MR. PEMBERTON: Well, we can try. The
Committee is handicapped by all Committee members having
a heavy workload and it has been difficult. But if this
is what the conferees need, why, we certainly can try.
MR. STEIN: I am going to propose that
when we get into the discussion, because it seems to me
that this is going to be the test of whether we have done
the job or not, not whether we have built the plants or
built them on time, but whether we have improved the
water quality. And unless we do that, we have failed.
And we certainly want to have a program that is going to
give us this kind of water quality.
Are there any other comments or questions?
MR. POSTON: I think I would like to
remind you, Mr. Chairman, that this Committee was formed
after our last meeting and it was formed because of the
problem that we had had in finding that we were not getti
the improvement that we had anticipated. And certainly
I am in favor of moving this faster if it is possible.
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76
C. Pemberton, Jr.
This is a tough job that has been taken on.
MR. STEIN: I recognize that and this is
the problem we have in all complex areas. When we clean up
a mass of pollution we find that we have masked other
problems that really require getting at, and this is
what may be happening here.
MR. PEMBERTON: I can point out, Mr.
Chairman, that we have recognized three individual prob-
lems here and made what amounts to a recommendation to
the conferees that these three things are going to have
to be done and we don't yet know what else is going to
have to be done in order to get satisfactory water quality
In other words, water that meets the criteria at all
times.
MR. STEIN: Again, sir, I think, as you
well know, if we are going to deal with a combined sewer
problem or something such as inadequately treated munici-
pal wastes, we can always talk about those in general,
but unless we have chapter and verse and recommendations,
we are not going to get very far.
MR. PEMBERTON: The specific recommendation
are included in our interim report. As I said, it is in
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_ 77
C. Pemberton, Jr.
draft stage and I summarized it very briefly. But specif!
plants are named in there by the Committee members who
have prepared various portions of it.
MR. STEIN: If we are going to deal
particularly with inadequately treated municipal wastes
and if you are going to get a report in 2 months, I
think whether we meet or not., it might be a short
meeting of the conferees, this information certainly
should be acted upon so we can get moving and not wait
6 months or 8 months until the final report comes
out or else we are never going to achieve the objectives.
MR. PEMBERTON: This will be covered in
this interim report.
MR. STEIN: All right. I think we will
all look forward to looking at that and seeing if we have
any specific recommendations on which we can move.
Again for the people here, I think that
this kind of box score that you have just got from this
Technical Committee is going to be the indicator which
tells us whether we have been successful in the program
or not, and I would submit that this is the thing to
watch from here on out.
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78
V. ¥. Bacon
Are there any other comments or questions?
If not, thank you very much, Mr. Pemberton
At this point we would like to call on Mr.
Vinton Bacon of the Sanitary District.
Mr. Bacon.
VINTON W. BACON, GENERAL SUPERINTENDENT
METROPOLITAN SANITARY DISTRICT OF
GREATER CHICAGO, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
MR. BACON: Mr. Chairman, conferees and
ladies and gentlemen. I have a prepared statement in
two parts, one which I will read a little later which I
think will give you great encouragement as to what is
going on in this area, and the second part which will be
given by Mr. Bart Lynam of our office on the specific
details of individual industries which we have been
requested to report upon in addition to the two main
subject industries, Republic Steel and TJ. S. Steel.
Before reading this statement, though, and
showing you some slides, some questions have been raised
this morning that deserve and need to be answered, and I
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. 79
V. W. Bacon
will attempt to answer them.
Before doing that, though, I would like to
point out to the audience and the conferees that we have
had, I think, the finest, most productive and cooperative
coordination and cooperation with the State Sanitary
Water Board and its chief, Mr. Klassen, the Regional
Office of the Federal Water Pollution Control Administra-
tion and its chief, Mr. Poston., Because of the remoteness
we have not had quite such close contact with Mr. Blucher
Poole, but the association we think has been pleasant^ and
I think I am going to show you, at least as far as some
of the stations are concerned--(We do not need the lights
out yet, gentlemen; I will let you know.) --has been
productive, as I am going to show you later on on these
slides .
¥e have been as far away as the telephone.
We have immediately reported to one another, they to us
and we to them, what would be transpiring in the future
even if it was contemplated at the moment. So I think
there has been nothing but the finest and I think pro-
ductive cooperation among the agencies and this conferenc
The statement was made this morning by
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8o
V. W. Bacon
the Honorable Carl L. Klein that we did not appear at
the December 11-12 conference submitting testimony about
the Calumet region conference. This is Volume 1 of the
transcript. On page 62 of the first day of the conferenc
is a statement by myself, the Superintendent of the
District, extending on some innumerable pages. Because
we were not prepared at that first day to answer all the
questions, we asked for an audience the second day. This
conference, being a fact seeking group, granted that
second day, and on page ^6l of the conference and for
many pages thereafter is a further statement by the
Metropolitan Sanitary District. And at that time we
submitted the construction schedules of the various
industries that we had at that particular moment and in
particular we submitted the bar graphs or what we call
the CPM, the Critical Path Method Network, by which
the U. S. Steel and the other companies would be con-
structing.
Throughout all of this, the President of
the Sanitary District, President Egan, I don't think has
ever missed a meeting of these conferences . He has
participated in the discussions and he has participated
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, , 81
V. ¥. Bacon
in various significant motions before the conference,
as you will see on page 725*when the conferees were dis-
cussing their actions. The question is asked by Chairman
Stein, they are discussing what to do about the various
industries:
"MR. STEIN: Republic Steel Corporation?
"MR. EGAN: I am going to renew ray motion,
Mr. Chairman, that this be referred to the Secretary of
the Interior for decision and action."
*
Then back on page 732, after long dis-
cussion of the intermediate points, the point is made
by Mr. Pooler
"I think the practical effect of this,
Mr. Chairman"--and now they are talking about U. S. Steel--
"is that we have done the same thing with the South Works
that we did with Republic Steel, haven't we, that we have
handed it to the Secretary?"
And there was unanimous agreement to that,
that they had handed it to the Secretary.
So to correct the record, there has been
very intimate contact among the agencies and official
participation in these conferences in connection with
* Second Session, Dec. 11-12, 1968, Jan. 29, 1969, Calumet
Proceeding.
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82
V. W. Bacon
these two cases that are before us today.
Further the question was raised why since
about late November or December of 1968 the plans of U.S.
Steel were not made available--the construction plans and
dates were not made available to the other agencies. The
answer to that is very clear and convincing. U. S. Steel
submitted to us five different sets of plans and time-
tables to accomplish the results and on the first four
we found them unsatisfactory. We had very candid con-
versations with the company. We said, "You've got fat in
your timetable; we want it out." And as a result of
meetings that extended from December of 1968, there was
an intermediate meeting, number two was on May 19, 1969,
April 7, 1969, June 2, and at the June 2 meeting we
finally arrived at the point where they ha-d a schedule
pointing toward on or before December 31, 1970, that we
as staff found acceptable to the extent that we could
submit it to the Board of Trustees and to' the other
agencies involved.
So the reason that we did not go to any
other agency in that time period is because we were not
satisfied ourselves, and we are the first agency concerne
-------
V. W. Bacon
with this enforcement. Therefore, we rejected all of
them up until the date of June 2, in which we then had
something we could submit to the Board, in our opinion,
and that we could justify and support.
And in this process, in an effort to keep
the communication lines as busy as possible and as
effective, the Honorable Carl Klein and I have been in
telephone conversations frequently. Immediately after
that June meeting he and I talked about this case, U.S.
Steel, and under date of July 21, 1969* * furnished him
a personal letter, I handed it to him a few days later
when he and I had lunch together, in which we set forth
the projected stipulation with U. S. Steel and the latest
CPM, Critical Path Method Network, that we found satis-
factory to the Sanitary District personnel and that was
made available to him.
So I believe, just so that you do not go a
from here with the idea that we haven't participated and
we haven't communicated, I could go on at great length
on both U. S. Steel and Republic Steel from the record.
In the case of Republic Steel, their plans came to us on
December 6, 1968, with the timetable and all. We sent it
-------
V. ¥. Bacon
to the State Sanitary Water Board. The State Sanitary
Water Board said., "We will look at this projected time-
table which would cause completion by December 31* 1970,
when the due date comes, namely September 30, 1969."
And so the State Sanitary Water Board will be looking at
that schedule within probably a month.
And at the time that this was made avail-
able to the State Sanitary Water Board it was also made
available to the U. S. Department of the Interior. I
don't have the records here so that I can be precise on
the date, but it was ordered by the Board of Trustees.
I think that the matter of the referral of
these two cases to the Department of the Interior was an
expression by this conference that the cases are compli-
cated, there do seem to be conflicting criteria, and there
has seemed from time to time to be jurisdictional mis-
understandings. That is the precise reason, among others,
I am sure, that these cases went to the Department of the
Interior in January of this year.
But I would like to refresh your memories
on another important act that the Sanitary District Board
of Trustees took in the latter part of 1967. At that time
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, 85
V. W. Bacon
the Board passed a nine-point program in connection with
water quality improvement and one of the points was to
ask the Department of the Interior to reconvene this
particular conference for the specific purpose of
clarifying the criteria and clarifying the lines of
jurisdiction. So again I submit that any portrayal that
there has not been the best of cooperation and communi-
cation would tend to mislead you.
I would like, Mr. Chairman, to submit into
the record two letters that were prepared for this con-
ference from our law department to me, and we have extra
copies that you may pass out right now, Mr. Rothenberg.
One is giving the summary of the case of the U. S. Steel
Corporation right up to the moment. It is about two
pages long. And the second letter is likewise for the
Republic Steel Corporation,under the title of Pollution
Abatement,telling where we stand now, and as I just stated,
action on the question of extension to the State Sanitary
Water Board before September 30th.
MR. STEIN: These will be included in the
record as if read,without objection.
(Which said letters are as follows:)
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86
/• . , TIIK "• ;
MliTlSOi'OflJTAA SANITAB&Y
ri OF 4.111; \Ti;it 4 iii4 A4.0
TOO
., „_ .. _ .. ..
August 25, 1969
Mr. Vinton W. Bacon,
General Superintendent
Office
In Re:
Dear Mr. Bacon:
United States Steel Corporation
Pollution Abatement
On October 26, 1967, the Metropolitan Sanitary
District of Greater Chicago filed suit in the Circuit Court
of Cook County, Illinois, against United States Steel Corpo-
ration, Case No. 6? CH 5772, for the purpose of obtaining an
injunction restraining United States Steel Corporation from
polluting the waters of Lake Michigan, which is a water supply
for the City of Chicago and other cities and villages in the
State of Illinois.
The suit was filed pursuant to Statutes of the State
of Illinois, and was assigned to the Honorable George N.
Leighton, Judge of the Circuit Court of Cook County, Chancery
Division.
After numerous hearings, on March 4, 1968, the
Metropolitan Sanitary District, in the same case, filed a
supplemental petition charging United States Steel Corporation,
specifically, with discharging great amounts of oil into Lake
Michigan. The Court, after hearing evidence presented fcy i>0th
parties, did on March 22, 1968, enter an order finding thai, it
had authority to hear the matter and issued an order restraining
and enjoining United States Steel Corporation from polluting
Lake Michigan by discharging any oil or oily substances into
the waters of Lake Michigan.
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87
Mr. Vlnton W. Bacon
August 25, 1969
Page 2
On the same day, United States Steel Corporation
appealed the order to the Appellate Court.
The Illinois Supreme Court, on its own motion,
transferred the case from the Appellate Court to the Supreme
Court where oral arguments were heard on September 25, 1968.
On November 22, 1968, the Supreme Court entered an
order affirming Judge Leighton's decision. The company there-
after asked for a rehearing which was denied on January 28, 1969,
Since that time, the District has been diligently
preparing for trial of all issues involved by gathering
evidence and consulting with experts.
Also, during the Interim period, there have been
meetings between The Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater
Chicago and the United States Steel Corporation, for the purpose
of resolving this matter.
The company has presented plans with a time schedule
in which it proposes to complete the necessary facilities to
meet the requirements of the District and State Sanitary Water
Board by December 31, 1970.
A proposed stipulation has been prepared by counsel
for the respective parties. This provides, among other thlnga,
United States Steel Corporation to complete construction and
have their facilities operational by December 31, -1-970; and
that the Court would retain jurisdiction for the enforcement
of an Interim order entered pursuant to the stipulation and
the enforcement of any other order heretofore entered in the
case.
The Board was requested to approve the settlement
stipulation. It decided that it would not approve same. It
directed that a copy of the stipulation be forwarded to the
Sanitary Water Board with a request for the Sanitary ttater
Board to indicate, in writing, its approval and upon receipt
thereof, the District would give this matter its further con-
sideration and use the reply of the Sanitary Water Board for
guidance.
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88
Mr. Vinton W. Bacon
August 25, 1969
Page 3
As of this date, the State Sanitary Water Board
has not issued its written approval.
Respectfully submitted,
ASL:PR:bmg
Allen S. Lavin, Attorney.
Prepared by:
/—^X' r>^ f s't
/ ! jfcj /"
Rothenberg,
Senior Assistant Attorney
-------
13IJ! ll
DISTRICT
',: ;i: '•',': •..':
to
,13,
iilUiMSSc!^^
li.^i^j^^iuiiv^iikl^ —^w^-^^-i1-,' ii..v!u:.........i^
August 25, 1969
Mr. Vlnton W. Bacon
General Superintendent
Office
Re: Republic Steel Corporation
Pollution Abatement
Dear Sir:
Conciliation negotiation proceedings were commenced
about November 30, 1967 regarding discharges by Republic
into the Calumet River from several water outfalls in
violation of the 1946 Ordinance.
Show Cause proceedings against Republic commenc-ed
January 11, 1968 and were continued from time to time.
On May 8, 1968, the hearings were recessed to give Republic
time to submit a program and schedule for construct I or. of
water pollution control facilities at its Chicago ..-.larvc.
The company indicated that it engaged the serv: ces
of a consultant firm in September, 1966 to design wast".
treatment facilities.
Republic submitted plans June 2?, 1968 for she_des,gn
and construction of three (3) major waste trestmeri plants
a-, an estimated cost of $6,000,000. The first completion
date presented was September 1, 1972. Consultations with
the Sanitary District cut the completion date to December 31
1970.
The company represented that it is impossible to
complete its construction program by September 30, 19o9-
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90
Mr. Vinton W. Bacon
Page Two
August 25, 1969
The Sanitary District contends that it has no power
to extend the compliance date beyond September 30, 19^9«
The Sanitary Water Board indicated to the company
that the Board would not consider an extension beyond the
September 30, 1969 date unless the request for extension
came through the Sanitary District.
The Board of Trustees, on February 13, 19&9* ordered
Republic :
1. To proceed expedltiously with the
construction program submitted;
2. To submit bi-monthly written reports
indicating its progress; and
3. Request of Republic for an extension
of time be submitted to the Sanitary
Water Board.
In the event the Sanitary Water Board did not grant
the extension requested by September 30, 1969* the Attorney
was directed to .take such action as necessary to enforce
compliance with applicable ordinances and statutes.
The President of the Board of Trustees was directed
to transmit a copy of the Stipulation, a copy of the Order
of the Board of Trustees, and Republic's construction propjram,
to the Federal Water Pollution Control Administration for Its
information.
The Sanitary Water Board subsequently indicated that
if the company expeditiously proceeded with its construction
program, consideration of the request for extension would be
given by September 30, 1969.
Republic is making periodic reports to the District.
Every indication is that the work is proceeding as outlined.
The decision of the Sanitary Water Board is being
awaited.
Respectfully submitted,
Prepare, „,
. /. / 7 fL/- //,
Vv i. a .. ._ / ./ScU^a •- Allen S. Lavin,
Julius H. 'Grubman Attorney.
/Principal Assistant Atty.
ASL:JHG;sg
-------
V. ¥. Bacon
MR. BACON: These are available to anyone
in the audience or the press. I don't think we have a
great number of copies now. But Mr. Rothenberg,here are
the originals in case they want to make copies.
And now if I can get to the prepared
statement. May we have the slides.
At Station 11, which is at the mouth of
the Calumet River, of the twenty-six parameters studied
during 1968, sixteen were reduced from 1966 and 1967 con-
centrations, four remained the same, and six could not
be compared due to lack of data. Therefore, for compari-
son purposes, sixteen out of twenty measurable parameters
have shown improvement.
For your orientation, Station Wo. 11 is
located at the mouth of the Calumet River immediately
adjacent to the north pierhead light.
Station No. 13 is located mid-harbor,
approximately 3,500 feet from the mouth of the river.
The stations are not designated as control
points in either the Two-State Conference Standards or
State of Illinois standards. Numerical values for con-
taminent concentrations are the same for both sets of
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92
V. W. Bacon
criteria. What we are trying to say here, we are in
closer to the sources of pollution than if we availed
ourselves of the two-State conference point, which is
at the Hammond water intake, or the State of Illinois
point, which is at the breakwater at the harbor.
The appearance of water in the vicinity
of Station No. 11 has recently improved, due in part to
%.
the closing of United States Steel - Outfall No. 10 in
August 1968. The mouth of the Calumet River (Station
No. 11) reflects water quality improvements in "both the
river and Calumet Harbor.
At Station No. 11, fecal coliform shows a
reduction from 520 per 100 ml in 1966, to 150 in 1967,
and 111 in 1968. (Figure 2.) Bacterial quality at
Station No. 11 has improved at a steady rate. During 1968,
the total coliform criteria was not violated at either
station. Average values for total coliform fecal strep-
tococci and fecal coliform have decreased significantly
in each of the past three years.
By the way, I am using the same figures
that Mr. Pemberton submitted, only we are emphasizing
Station 11, which we consider the key and most important.
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_—, ,—i . 93
V. ¥. Bacon
Total phosphorus shows a reduction from
0.059 milligrams per liter in 1966 to 0.048 in 1967., to
0.035 in 1968. (Figure 3-) Total phosphorus has been
steadily decreasing, and is approaching criteria limits.
In other words3 we are acknowledging that we are not
there yet, even in spite of this improvement.
Total iron shows a reduction from 7.7
milligrams per liter in 1966, to 7.2 in 1967, to 3.0 in
1968. (Figure 4.) Total iron shows a reduction of more
than 50 percent in 1968 from previous concentrations
reported in 1966-1967.
Suspended solids show a reduction from 35
milligrams per liter in 1966, to 32 in 1967, to 20.5 in
1968. (Figure 5.) There is no criterion for suspended
solids; however, suspended solids continued to decrease
in 1968.
Turbidity, the most dramatic of all, shows
a reduction from 35 Jackson candle units in 1966, to 11
in 1967, to 3.6 in 1968. (Figure 6.) Turbidity continue
to improve,as this chart shows, although the parameter
continues in violation. In other words, we have some
distance to go yet.
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94
V. W. Bacon
Total coliform fecal streptococci,
sulfate, ammonia nitrogen, and phenol also showed
significant reduction between 1966 and 196b.
It is evident, therefore, that measurable
and visible progress has been made in reducing industrial
pollution at this location. However, full compliance
will not be achieved prior to completion of control
projects presently under construction.
The number of samples each year was
sufficient to give validity to the encouraging progress,
being:
In 1966 there were 51 samples contributing
to the record that you saw on the slide.
In 1967, ^ samples.
And in 1968, 38 samples.
We are never satisfied with the number of
samples that we have, because we would like to take more;
but we all agree, I think, that we do have statistically
significant results here to show this encouraging trend.
Of the fifteen Illinois industries reported
upon at the December 11-12, 1968, Illinois-Indiana con-
ference, seven are presently meeting Illinois effluent
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95
V. W. Bacon
requirements. All of the eight still requiring improve-
ments are in some stage of enforcement proceedings as
will be. reported upon in the following section by Mr.
Bart Lynam, our Director of Research and Development,
who has charge of the industrial waste control program.
You are going to use slides too., are you
not, Mr. Lynam?
MR. LYNAM: Yes.
MR. BACON: If the conferees will remain
down there, it will make it easier for them to see the
slides.
{The following charts were submitted by
Mr. Bacon and referred to in his statement:)
-------
CHICAGO
FEDERAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ADMINISTRATION
LOCATION MAP
STATIONS 11, 12 & 13
•STATION 13 - CALUMET HARBOR
•STATION 11 - CALUMET HARBOR MONITOR
STATION 12 - CALUMET RIVER MOUTH
LAKE MICHIGAN
- HAMMOND
SAMPLING CONTROL O
FIGURE 1
-------
WATER QUALITY - STATION 11
Mouth of Calumet River
FECAL COLIFORMS
( per 100 ml )
520
150
1966
1967
111
>''- '"-
1968
FIGURE 2
-------
WATER QUALITY - STATION 11
Mouth of Calumet River
TOTAL PHOSPHORUS
.059
1966
.048
1967
.035
1968
FIGURE 3
VQ
CO
-------
WATER QUALITY - STATION 11
Mouth off Calumet River
TOTAL IRON
( mg/l )
1966
7.2
1967
2.957
1968
FIGURE 4 ;,
-------
WATER QUALITY - STATION 11
Mouth of Calumet River
SUSPENDED SOLIDS
( mg/l)
35.0
1966
32.0
1967
20.5
1968
FIGURE 5
o
o
-------
WATER QUALITY - STATION 11
Mouth of Calumet River
TURBIDITY
( units)
35.0
1966
11.0
1967
3.6
1968
FIGURE 6 2
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102
B. T. Lynam
BART T. LYNAM, ACTING DIRECTOR
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
METROPOLITAN SANITARY DISTRICT
OP GREATER CHICAGO, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
MR. LYNAM: My name is Bart Lynam. I am
the Acting Director of Research and Development for the
Metropolitan Sanitary District.
The following Illinois companies were
included in the proceedings of December 11-12, 19685
Illinois-Indiana conference. There are fifteen companies
Allied Chemical Company
Bulk Terminal Company
Chicago Brick Company
Commonwealth Edison Company, Calumet Staticfn
General Mills Corporation
Gulf Oil Company (Spencer Chemical)(Cosden]
Swift and Company
United Chemical Company
Cargill Corporation
Catalin Corporation (Ashland Chemical)
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B. T. Lynam
Ford Motor Company
Interlake Steel Company
Wisconsin Steel Company
Republic Steel Company
United States Steel Company (South Works)
Seven of the companies are presently
meeting State of Illinois effluent criteria. The fol-
lowing eight are exceptions:
Gulf Oil Company (Spencer Chemical, Cosden
Cargill Corporation
Catalin Corporation (Ashland Chemical)
Ford Motor Company
Interlake Steel Company
Wisconsin Steel Company
Republic Steel Company
United States Steel (South Works)
I would like to report on the enforcement
status of the companies not in compliance with the State
of Illinois effluent criteria.
Gulf Oil, which is presently known as the
Cosden Chemical Company. This company is constructing
a closed recirculating cooling system with cooling towers
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104
B. T. Lynam
and water treatment facilities.
A show cause hearing by the Sanitary Distra
was held on August 2, 1969. The Chief Engineer has recom
mended that the Sanitary District Board of Trustees order
the company, subject to the approval of the State of
Illinois Sanitary Water Board, to complete pollution
abatement facilities and to comply with waterway waste
criteria by December 15, 19&9- Tne proposed order would
authorize the Metropolitan Sanitary District attorney to
take legal action if company fails to comply or if the
Water Board refuses to extend the September 30, 1969,
deadline.
The second company, the Cargill Corporatior
is composed of four individual divisions:
Rogers Terminal
Grain Elevator
Commodities Division
Vegetable Oil Division
A show cause hearing was held on August 19,
1969.
The Chief Engineer has recommended that th<
Board of Trustees order the company to be in compliance
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B. T. Lynam
with waterway discharge regulations by September 30, 1969
Company representatives stated that the
company would be able to complete facilities to comply
with the order.
The third company,, the Catalin Corporation
is known as the Ashland Chemical.
By order dated November 26, 1968, the
Sanitary District Board of Trustees ordered the company
to complete pollution control facilities by June 24, 1969
The violation was based on failure of an industrial waste
storage lagoon.
The company was ordered to immediately
abate pollution of the waterway pending completion of
permanent facilities.
The company complied with the order by
constructing a temporary lagoon. There has been no report
pollution from the company since the Board Order.
On June 24, 1969, the Board extended the
construction completion date to August 15, 1969. Con-
struction of the new lagoon had been delayed due to wet
weather. Construction has been substantially completed.
A testing program has been scheduled to
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106
B. T. Lynam
evaluate the plant compliance with waterway discharge
criteria.
The fourth company, the Ford Motor Company
The Sanitary District has filed a lawsuit
to obtain compliance with a pollution abatement Order of
the Sanitary District Board of Trustees.
At the present time the plant has discon-
tinued discharge of effluent into the Calumet, other than
stormwater and a small amount of cooling water.
Additional steps have been taken to preven"
possible contamination of stormwater flow to the river.
Completion of all facilities to insure non-
contamination of stormwater is scheduled for November 17,
1969.
A sampling program to determine if storm-
water flows are contaminated has been ordered.
The fifth company., the Interlake Steel Com
(Chicago plant). I would like to have the first slide,pie
Analyses of effluent data for Interlake
Steel Company are not available for the first six months
of 1968. The attached table lists average monthly dis-
charge from the Chicago plant.
any,
se,
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. 107
B. T. Lynam
The Interlake plant,, on the lake side of
the O'Brien Lock^ has operations on both sides of the
Calumet River. Facilities for pollution control in the
coke plant area have been completed. A floating device
has been installed in the private slip to retain any
accidental spills of oil from this area.
The blast furnace area presently discharge
waste in violation of the State of Illinois effluent cri-
teria.
The company is constructing a complete
recycle system for the blast furnace gas washer water and
the sinter plant effluent. Sanitary District Board of
Trustees have ordered completion of necessary pollution
control facilities by September 303 1969* The Sanitary
District attorney is authorized by the Board Order to
proceed with legal action to enforce water pollution
regulations, if company fails to comply.
The company is proceeding on schedule with
construction of the recycle system. The company reports
that operation of the completed system may be delayed
until November 15, 1969, due to inadequate electrical
supply. Demand for additional electricity was created by
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108
B. T. Lynam
design change which includes recycle of sinter plant
waste not included in original proposal.
The chart shows there has been a reduction
in the monthly analysis of the 1968 to 1969 values for
suspended solids, for hexanes. There was an increase in
the cyanide values. There was a reduction in the phenols
and there was an increase in the ammonia in terms of
total pounds.
(Which said chart is as follows:)
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EWK- I. ,.C.
INTERLAEE-CHICAGO
BLAST FURNACE AND SINTER PLANT
POUNDS PER DAY
Suspended
Solids
HEXANE
Cyanide
Phenol
•(H3-N
1968
L969
L908
L969
L968
1969
1968
1969
L968
L969
JAN.
16,928
13,984
33.1
49.44
1170.5
FEB.
11,871
3.79S
25.2
110.03
978.8
MAR.
7,872
2,382
31.8
158.35
1892.0
APRIL
10,178
1.346
39.3
29.45
1039.7
HAY
48,341
26,432
51.494
7,622
49.3
37.8
64.9
19.5
932. 2
766.1
JUNE
13,095
12,780
76,488
3,748
26.9
84.9
70.9
13.1
873.2
598 8
JULY
19.14S
37,902
39.1
103.9
981.1
AUG.
8,547
5.369
21.3
73.4
1024.4
SEPT.
71,666
5,370
45.1
80.3
1112.9
1
OCT.
12,762
12,486
47. 8
99.6
B42.5
NOV.
9,975
7,185
16.8
£5.9
1092.2
DEC.
17.104
8,039
42.0
2.15
1C38.2
Monthly Average
25,080
14,344
25,542
5,480
36.0
42.1
72.6
63.3
1005.9
107 1 . 3
Based on data furnished by Company
-6 A -
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B. T. Lynam
MR. LYNAM: Next is the Wisconsin Steel
Company.
The following table compares waste dis-
charge for first six months of 1968 with first six months
of 1969. Based on data furnished by the company and
substantiated by the Sanitary District analysis. In 1968
compared to 1969 there was a reduction in suspended solids
a reduction in phenols, a reduction in cyanides, a reduc-
tion in hexane soluble materials, and a reduction in
ammonia.
Pound_s __ per Day - Firs_t_S^i^x_Mon_ths^ ojf _ Yejar
1968
Suspended Phenols Cyanides Hexane WH- - N
S_oli_ds ___ _____ _______ §olul3les_ __ __ ___
28,471 3^.7 84.7 997 1542
1969
Suspended Phenols Cyanides Hexane NH - N
Solids
20,928 17-9 65.4 609 624
Only two outfalls, No. 5 and No. 6, of an
original thirteen outfalls in 1964 remain in service.
Wastewater discharged to the river has been reduced from
120 million gallons per day in 1964 to the present average
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111
B. T. Lynam
of 50 million gallons per day. The company proposes
complete recycle of all process water by June 1972.
The company is subject to a conciliation
agreement as provided by State statutes. The agreement
requires completion of all necessary pollution control
facilities by September 30, 1969. Construction of
necessary facilities to meet State of Illinois effluent
criteria have been completed,, but violations of suspended
solids limit of 25 milligrams per liter and cyanide limit
of 0.025 milligrams per liter have been reported.
The company is attempting to comply with
the agreement by use of chemical coagulants to improve
settling rates in existing thickeners.
Sampling analyses of plant outfalls report
by the company for the month of July show compliance with
applicable waterway criteria.
The next slide.
The seventh company, Republic Steel
Company.
The following table compares waste dis-
charge for six months of 1968 with first six months of
1969. Based on data submitted by the company.
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_ _ 112
B. T. Lynara
This shows a reduction in the suspended solids, the
phenols, cyanides and hexane solubles.
Suspended Hexane
Solids
1968 48,7^0 47.2 177.7 5
1969 33,978 39-8 17.5 4,150
Interim reduction in concentrations of
waste was accomplished by replacing a twelve-inch mill
with a new f ourteen-inch mill having adequate treatment
facilities. Low cyanide in 1969 was caused by shutdown
of blast furnace from March 28, 1969, to May 20, 1969.
Process water is now being recirculated
in the Blast Furnace - -Coke Plant, Open Hearths, Bar
Mill Reheat Furnace and Blooming Mill area.
Negotiations with the company resulted in
reducing the proposed construction schedule by a total
of twenty months. That is, September 1, 1972, to Decem-
ber 31, 1970. The Sanitary District is not authorized to
approve any complaince date beyond September 30, 1969,
the date established by the State of Illinois for com-
pliance with waterway effluent criteria.
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113
B. T. Lynam
Based on a stipulation entered into
between the Sanitary District and the company, an Order
was passed by the Board of Trustees requiring completion
of the proposed facilities by September 30, 1969, with
the understanding that the request of the company to
extend the compliance date to December 31? 1970, would be
forwarded by the District to the State of Illinois Sani-
tary Water Board for their consideration. The State
Sanitary Water Board responded to the extension request
and stated that no decision would be made until after the
September 30, 1969, deadline.
In the event that the Sanitary Water
Board does not grant the extension requested by Republic
Steel Company, the order authorizes the attorney for the
District to take such action as he should deem necessary
and proper to force compliance with the applicable
ordinance and statutes.
Construction Schedule
The company proposes three major projects:
1) Increase storage capacity for waste
pickle liquor. Company proposes an additional 150,000
gallons of acid resistant storage capacity. Acid then
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B. T. Lynam
will be removed for off-site disposal.
2) New South Treatment Plant for mill
waste having capacity to treat 12,960,000 gallons per day.
3) New North Treatment Plant will treat
blast furnace gas washer water and other solids generated
in the area.
The plant is designed to treat 5^,328,000
gallons per day. The estimated cost of new facilities
is in excess of $6 million. The company is proceeding on
schedule with final plant operation scheduled for Decem-
ber 31, 1970.
The eighth company is the United States
Steel Company—South Works, Calumet Harbor.
United States Steel Company-South Works
is the only Illinois company discharging directly into
the Calumet Harbor.
The following table compares the company's
waste discharge to the harbor in pounds per day for the
first six months of 1968 with the first six months of
1969. All values included in this report are based on
analyses of monthly eight-hour composite samples submitted
by the company. It shows a rather substantial reduction
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. _ , _ , __ 113
B. T. Lynam
in the suspended solids concentration. There was an
increase in the phenols. There was a reduction in
cyanides,, a reduction in hexane solubles, and there was
an increase in the ammonia nitrogen.
Pounds _p_e_r Day - Fir s t Six Mo_nth_s__of _Ye_ar_
CALUMET HARBOR
Suspended Phenols Cyanide Hexane Ammonia
S_ol_i._d_s__ __ _____ _____ _____ Nitrogen
104,323 37.8 657.1 41,862 1,003
1969
Suspended Phenols Cyanide Hexane Ammonia
Solids __ _____ _______ _____ N:^tr_og_e_n_
57,014 82.8 134.2 23,072 1,432
The next slide compares the company's
discharges to the Calumet River, and just to go ahead,
I have a slide which recaps both of these. You see, we
are splitting it in half showing what goes to the harbor,
what goes to the river, and then a final slide, which I
will show you later, is a recap.
This shows the pounds per day, a six-
months comparison between 1968. This shows a reduction
in all parameters listed: suspended solids a substantial
reduction, phenols a substantial reduction, cyanide a
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116
B. T. Lynam
substantial reduction, hexane solubles a substantial
reduction, and a substantial reduction in ammonia.
Pounds per Day - First Six MQnths^_of__Ye_ar
CALUMET RIVER
Suspended
Solids
237,324
Suspended
Solids
Phenols
58.6
Phenols
1968
Cyanide
899.9
1969
Cyanide
Hexane Ammonia
Solubles
5,66?
1246
Hexane Ammonia
Solubles
12,745 3-4 17.4 2,368 169
The next table, the next slide, shows the
total poundage from all wastes from the South Works.
This includes the river and the Calumet Harbor and it
shows the first six months of 1968 compared to the first
six months of 1969> and here again it shows a very sub-
stantial reduction in the parameters there listed, suspended
solids, phenols, cyanide, hexane solubles, and ammonia.
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_ __ 117
B. T. Lynam
Pounds per Day - First Six Months of Year
Total Plant Discharge - River and Harbor
19.68
Suspended Phenols Cyanide Hexane Ammonia
Solid.s
341,647 96.4 1557.0 47,529 2249
Suspended Phenols Cyanide Hexane Ammonia
Solids __ _____ ______ S£lu_b_l_e_s_ ______
69,759 86.2 151.2 24,440 1600
The Sanitary District has filed a lawsuit
in the Circuit Court of Cook County to prevent pollution
of Lake Michigan. A temporary injunction has been issued
by the court restraining the discharge of oil into Lake
Michigan. Other issues are pending.
The company in the interim is proceeding
with construction of a Central Treatment Plant and Blast
Furnace Wastewater recycle system. The company has
stated that completion of the system will result in com-
pliance with State of Illinois effluent criteria.
Construction Schedule
1) Blast furnace gas washer water recycle
system is designed to eliminate process waste discharge
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118
B. T. Lynam
from the blast furnace area into Calumet Harbor. The
system is scheduled for initial operation November 1,
1970. Concrete form work for cooling tower foundations
has been completed.
2) Structural mills cooling water recycle
system is scheduled for initial operation May I, 1970.
Utilities relocating to serve this system is under con-
struction.
3) Continuous caster scale pit effluent
system is scheduled for initial operation September 1,
1970. Construction is scheduled to start November !_,
1969.
4) Central Treatment Plant is scheduled
for completion December 31* 1970.
MR. STEIN: Thank you.
I wonder if any of the conferees want to
come back up while we have comments or questions on
a very excellent report from the Metropolitan District.
This is just a generalized comment. Some-
thing ~L think we possibly have to clarify—maybe Mr. Bacor
wants to comment on this too--is the notion of the report
we got from Mr. Pemberton which indicated little or no
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_ 119
V. ¥. Bacon
change and an improvement in the water quality here in
the groups that Mr. Bacon pointed out, particularly at
Stations 11, 12 and 13, and then in accordance with that
comment, a very significant reduction reported in the
kind of waste put out, and yet possibly the relationship
of that to water quality not being as significant as
someone other than an expert might imagine it.
MR. BACON: Mr. Chairman, as I pointed
out, these are the same figures that were used in Mr.
Pemberton's report, and I believe it is on page 4 of his
report, where he is talking about Stations 11 and 13.
He talks about the two together and the comments or the
statements are essentially the same. We singled out the
station most important to us in our measuring program,
namely 11, to emphasize what considerable progress has
been made.
I think I can say there is no contradictioj
between the two statements at all, no conflict.
MR. POSTON: Mr. Bacon, while the Chairman
leaves the room, he asked me to keep this going. I have
a couple of questions here pertaining to the reports you
and Mr. Lynam made and I would particularly like to ask.
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120
V. W. Bacon
will the construction that is under way permit the meetin
of the water quality standards?
MR. BACON: That is a question, of course,
that we have struggled with every day that we have con-
sidered these two large dischargers and others. To the
best of our technical ability, and assuming that the
designs will be adequate and that the facilities^ once
constructed^will be properly operated and maintained, it
is our opinion that the proposed construction will meet
the State of Illinois water quality standards that we
and the District are enforcing.
MR. POSTON: My second question has to do
with schedules, and I wonder, in the construction in
meeting these deadlines does the work schedule contemplate
one shift per day or two shifts per day or three shifts
per day?
MR. BACON: Mr. Poston, I think they have
been asked to appear and I think that question could be
more properly addressed to them. I don't know how many
shifts per day they are going to work. I do know that
after we boiled this thing down from sometime in 1972 to
sometime in the latter part of 1970,we felt that we had
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_ ____ 121
V. W. Bacon
gotten out of their construction schedule what we at one
time called considerable fat. So I would answer that
generally we believe that it is about as tight as it can
be now.
Mr. Poston, may I add a word about their
construction schedule, particularly U. S. Steel's?
MR. POSTON: Yes, sir.
MR. BACON: Although that has not been
acted upon by the State Sanitary Water Board and although
it has not been acted upon by the Sanitary District
Board other than a very careful study of it, the schedule
is being followed that we had attached to the stipulation
which is the detail of a considerable number of sheets
which we have furnished to your office, to Secretary
Klein's office and to Mr. Klassen's office. fhe
schedule is quite complete and they are following that
in anticipation of the completion being on or before
December 31, 1970.
MR. POSTON: This is on the last page of
your presentation?
MR. BACON: No, the construction schedule
as submitted to us by U. S. Steel, and this is the fifth
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122
V. W. Bacon
one that I mentioned, and that we have agreed to is
document on legal cap about five or six pages long
setting forth every piece of equipment facility that they
will be constructing.
MR. POSTON: Yes.
MR. BACON: And I wanted to.point out
that there is no lack of action on the part of the com-
pany while action is pending on the part of this body,
the State of Illinois and the Sanitary District.
MR. STEIN: Are there any other questions?
Mr. Klassen?
MR. KLASSEN: I just want to correct one
statement here. In the letter referring to U. S. Steel,
on the bottom of page 2 it says that the Sanitary District
Board directed a copy of the stipulation be forwarded to
the Sanitary Water Board with a request for the Sanitary
Water Board to indicate in writing its approval and upon
receipt thereof the District give this matter further con-
sideration.
For the record, this stipulation was sent
to the Sanitary Water Board approximately a week ago, but
it was requested that we give it our comments and not
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V. ¥. Bacon
approval as indicated here. I want the record to show
that comments were requested and our comments were given
in a letter to the District August 19th.
MR. BACON: Thank you very much, Mr.
Klassen, for that correction. I picked that up this
morning too. First of all, we reported that orally and
then we sent it down in a somewhat informal way. And so
thanks for the correction. The end result we hope will
be the same.
MR. STEIN: Are there any other comments
or questions?
MR. BACON: Mr. Chairman, thank you very
much for the opportunity of appearing. If you want us
back for any reason, we will come back. I hope the
record will clearly show, and the memories will serve
that record, that we did appear here today. (Laughter.)
MR. STEIN: I don't think anyone can forge
your appearances. (Laughter.)
But I will say in summary, I do think that
what we have is a report of the Sanitary District moving
on all the significant sources of wastes within the juris
diction of the District and we have got a report in prett
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124
Murray Stein
much significant detail of what the Sanitary District is
doing.
Now, again let me indicate this in sum-
mary. The point is, I think the District and the indus-
tries concerned are proceeding as best they and everyone
knows how, on the substance of putting in treatment
facilities which are going to meet the water quality
requirements we have for the particular waters. The
question of when they are going to do it has been laid
out and this is a determination for the conferees to
consider. But I do not think there is any case—and if
there is I would like to know — of any specific signifi-
cant industrial source in the District that the Sanitary
District does not have a program for on which to move
ahead.
Now, we face this larger question. This
does not apply to the Sanitary District alone, but it
applies to the sources outside the District, in Indiana
and Illinois. I say this to all concerned here, that
even if all this work is done, are we going to get the
kind of water quality that we are working toward with
this program? I know we can get diverted on these
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Murray Stein
dates and pushes and material here, but I have the
feeling that we are possibly over the hump in this
aspect of the case. The next real task we have to get
moving on is au analysis whereby we are going to have
a unified report indicating a prediction pretty soon by
the scientists in all four jurisdictions concerned: 1)
whether the completion of this work is going to give us
the water quality we need; and 2) if it isn't, what more
we have to do to get it. Because I know everyone is
going to be unhappy if all this work is completed and
someone comes in with an analysis of some water and says
the fecal coliforms are high, or the ammonia is creeping
up, or the water is degraded, or it is not as good as it
was when we started. This is our objective and what we
have to do.
Now, again—and I say this as something
I know can be done because we have done it here; we have
done it in other places—what we are dealing with are
physical facts subject to measurement. I know there may
be honest differences of opinion among the technical
people who do the evaluating, but I think it would help,
really help, the conferees if we could get a unified
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126
Murray Stein
statement of all the Jurisdictions concerned in relation
to water quality and trends in water quality. If there
is any difference, of course, it should come to the
attention of the conferees. But I don't think that the
conferees should get differences because of possibly a
different emphasis on a treatment source or a different
use of methodology, etc. These are technical matters
which surely the technical people can achieve.
I do believe that we are going to have
an obligation from here on out indicating to the people
of the area precisely what the water quality improvement
results are of this remedial program, and this is what
we face.
I think the report we have gotten from
the Sanitary District brings us a long way toward that.
I think the report of the Sanitary District this morning
and the other reports we have also have enabled us to
zero in with precision on every significant source that
we know of. Now, things may develop in the future or
may come up that we don't recognize now, but I. am sure
we have presented as clear a picture as we can.
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127
A. J. Mikva
¥e are going to recess for lunch now.
This afternoon we are going to call on United States
Steel and Republic Steel for a presentation and then we
will hear from Illinois and Indiana.
But first before we go, is Mr. Nicholas
Melas here?
Nick, I think you have a statement from
a Congressman you would like to put into the record.
ABNER J. MIKVA
CONGRESSMAN
SECOND CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT
OF ILLINOIS
(READ BY NICHOLAS J. MELAS, TRUSTEE
METROPOLITAN SANITARY DISTRICT OP GREATER CHICAGO)
MR. MELAS: Mr. Chairman and conferees.
I am Nicholas Melas, Trustee of the Metro-
politan Sanitary District, and also a resident of the
2nd Congressional District of Illinois. The Congressman
from my District asked me if I would present a statement
on his behalf.
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128
A. J. Mikva
This is a statement of the Honorable
Abner J. Mikva, Congressman^Second District,Illinois .
(Which said statement is as follows:)
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129
STATEMENT OF
HONORABLE ABNER J. MIKVA
of ILLINOIS
BEFORE THE CALUMET ENFORCEMENT CONFERENCE
ON LAKE MICHIGAN
Chicago, Illinois
August 26, 1969
Mr. Chairman: The residents of the 2nd Congressional District have'waited
far too long for an end to pollution in the Calumet area. They must not be
asked to wait longer.
They have been promised clean water for years. Thirteen years ago the
Water Quality Act provided for abatement conferences. Four years ago this
Conference found the waters badly polluted and recommended action. It has
been three years since the Conference laid down water-quality criteria and
set December 1968 as the deadline for completion of pollution-control
facilities. It was February 1968 when I urged the Lake Michigan Four State
Pollution Conference to take immediate steps to begin restoration of the
Lake. Yet, despite all of these deadlines and warnings, at last report the
water was just as dirty as it was in 1965.
The December 1968 deadline was a generous one. It allowed nearly three
years for the installation of facilities that should have been installed long
before. Many companies proceeded in good faith to comply. But United States
Steel and Republic Steel did not. Neither company even submitted preliminary
plans on schedule.
This behavior must not be condoned. Water pollution today is unforgivable,
because we have the technology and the money to eliminate it. The public
expects this Conference to do something about it. To extend the deadline for
companies that have thumbed their noses at the public interest would make this
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130
-2-
Conference a cruel hoax and break faith with the people. The Conference has
an obligation to recommend strict sanctions against polluters who do not
comply with the abatement schedule.
It is time to let those who treat our lakes and streams as sewers know
that procrastination will no longer be taken for an answer. The 1968
deadline must not be extended. It must be enforced.
If somebody throws garbage on the street, he is properly punished.
We cannot afford the naive thought that our lakes and streams are any less
precious than our asphalt.
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131
Murray Stein
MR. MELAS: That is the statement of the
Congressman.
(Applause.)
MR. STEIN: Thank you., Mr. Melas.
We will stand recessed for lunch for an
hour and a half. That means we will return at 20 to 2.
(NOON RECESS)
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132
AFTERNOOIf_SES_SrON
MR. STEIN: Let's reconvene.
May we hear from Republic Steel.
GEORGE J. GOCKSTETTER, SUPERINTENDENT
FUEL-POWER-AIR & WATER MANAGEMENT
REPUBLIC STEEL CORPORATION
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
MR. GOCKSTETTER: Chairman Stein, conferees
My name is George Gockstetter. I am employed
as Superintendent of the Fuel-Power-Air & Water Management
at Republic Steel's South Chicago Plant. I have been with
the Republic Steel since 194-3.
Republic has had a continuing program of
pollution control and water management consistent with
water quality requirements for the Calumet River. Various
aspects of this program have been discussed in previous
statements made by Republic to this conference.
Between 1958 and 196? Republic invested moi
than $5 million in new water pollution control facilities
We are now proceeding on schedule towards completion of
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: 133
G. J. Gockstetter
new facilities costing an additional $6 million. Some
of the projects initiated since 1958 and continuing
through the 1965 conference are:
In 1958, the plant's new eleven-inch Bar
Mill was placed in operation. This mill featured the
latest equipment available for the recovery of oil and
mill scale which otherwise would be discharged to the
Calumet River. Adjacent to this mill is a ten-inch "bar
and rod mill which previously did not have adequate pol-
lution control equipment and this was at the same time
connected to a new pollution control facility, the eleven
inch mill.
In 1961, we installed the first of five
mechanical cleaning facilities to replace acid cleaning
of mill scale from bar products. This reduced the amount
of waste pickle liquor being discharged.
In 1964, we installed three additional
grit blast cleaning facilities. These installations,
with those instituted in 196l, reduced the amount of acid
used by 65 percent.
In 1965, continuous oil removal equipment
was installed in the scale recovery facilities for "both
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G. J. Gockstetter
the eleven-inch and ten-inch bar mills.
In 1965, we contracted with an outside
firm to make off-site disposal of all of the remaining
spent pickle liquor.
In September 1966 we retained an outside
engineering firm to make an in-depth survey of the plant
to determine what terminal treatment facilities could be
provided to satisfy whatever requirements might be estab-
lished by the State or Metropolitan Sanitary District
authorities with respect to water quality in the Calumet
River.
In 1967 Republic completed and placed in
operation a new multi-million dollar fourteen-inch Bar
Mill with a $1,750,000 closed recirculating water system
to recover oil and scale and prevent river pollution.
This new mill, with the most modern waste control equip-
ment available, replaced an existing twelve-inch Bar Mill
which had not been equipped with adequate pollution con-
trol devices. The twelve-inch mill was shut down and
dismantled and thus eliminated that discharge.
In April 1968 the Illinois Sanitary Water
Board's Rules and Regulations SWB-15 established
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. , _ 135
G. J. Gockstetter
requirements relating to water quality of the Calumet
River. In June Republic submitted a program to meet
the requirements. The program calls for the construction
of three terminal wastewater treatment plants designed
so the Chicago plant will meet the water quality criteria
adopted for the Calumet River under SWB-15.
I have here two photographs of artist's
drawings showing how the new water treatment facilities
will look after construction is completed. The photo-
graphs are captioned "Water Treatment Plants #1 and #2
Waste" and "Water Treatment Plant #3 Waste," I also have
included in your packet, gentlemen, a CPM Revision k,
which was referred to previously, which outlines our
Critical Path Method of determining and detailing the
engineering, procurement and construction time schedules
with respect to these plants. I would like to submit
these photographs, together with a copy of the revised
CPM diagram and plans of the treatment pl-ants dated
November 15, 1968, which are shown in these drawings in
the back.
MR. STEIN: Do you want this in the record?
MR. GOCKSTETTER: Yes, sir.
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136
G. J. Gockstetter
MR. STEIN: Let us try to put these in
the record. I am going to try to, if I can, reduce this
Critical Path method to one page. Would that be all right?
Because if we try this insert folded in this size for
the record, it is going to push the price way up.
MR. GOCKSTETTER: I see.
(Laughter.)
MR. STEIN: What you have to do is get a
special hand print job and a hand insert on each one.
But I think this will come through. If we can't do it,
we will expand it.
0 . K ., thank you.
(Which said photographs and documents are
as follows:)
-------
Water Treating Plants #1
and #2 Waste
u>
-------
Water Treating Plant #3 Waste
OJ
CD
-------
PU.ANT t 4 2.
\ STANLEY CONSULTANTS
/... ^A.V
* * I
•^ > >
• \ •r^if?^::-"
^-ISSUE-AMD- l~^M_|JiT6 BIO**
BECE've atoe, ^^**
MENT &e^_i^ee~r
CPM DIAG61AM
PUAMT S
-------
LEGEND
REPUBLIC STEEL CORPORATION
CHICAGO DISTRICT
PLANT 1&2
NOV. 15, 1968
AREA "A"
SERVICE WATER LINES
STORM AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE SEWERS
FURNACE RETURN WATER LINES
AREA "B"
OUTFALL Nttt
-------
-------
142
•SERVICE WATER
ERV1CE WATER .
FERRIC CHLORIDE FEED SCHEMATIC
-CONWECTION
PNEUMATIC U-
TRUCK.-
.
UIME FELE.P
PRESSURE:
RELIEF'
VA.t_VE(TYP.)
POL.VMER FEED SCHE^v^ATtC
•EFVIUC SfEIl (OMOIiTIOl
wnvier CHKAQO. LL.
~ta 9CM.tr
""-•'
-------
-------
PEG-CAST
CONCEtTE-
(ZOOF
PLAN SECTION
i
DQ\A/hJ
u-
FLOOB PLAN
SECTION A
owa.
SCALE •• Wl'»l'-O"
ORIGINAL J
£. .»
a.
_
Hi
UOM
»««. .....».,• ««, a.
MU. or HATHUM.
IEPUILK STEEL COIHIATiai
C»«CACO nvnicr CHKA60. LL.
^» SOUTH CHICAGO
FlZfrUMlNACY LAYOUT
PUMP STATION '&'
: — V«p , I'-o*
•« ;' Kp — n/is/f«
™«'r,S m»/'5S:45
-------
-------
,. 146
-------
REPUBLIC STEEL CORPORATION
CHICAGO DISTRICT
PLANT 3
NOV. 15.1968
Z
..«£--
n ^-AVAILABLE AREA FOR FACILITIES
** -*—|
\ i
J I [CANTEEN
100 0 100 200 300 400 500
SCALE IN FEET
SULFATE
\
1 BENZOL
BLDG.
1 BLDG- 1 ° |
1 — |
TAN
-
BENZOL
TANK I
AREA 0-
TRUCK
REPAIR
SHOP
I NEW COKE OVENS
y
*ILABLE AREA/—
LEGEND
WATER LINE
SEWER LINE
MANHOLE
I I I I
NEW I |
BOILER I
HOUSE ' n
TO SOUTH PLANT
'DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
IRIVER
[PUMP-HOUSE
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148
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150
G. J. Gockstetter
MR. GOCKSTETTER: Plants 1 and 2 are being
built at a location at the south end of the steel plant.
These plants, which are being combined, are designed for
the removal of scale and oil from Republic's hot mills
and to neutralize and precipitate the metals in the rinse
water from the pickling operation.
Republic already has a large primary
settling facility serving the bar mills which consists
of two automatically cleaned sedimentation basins. The
effluent from the sedimentation basins will be recircu-
lated to the mill for service water with approximately
1,300 gallons per minute being pumped as blowdown to the
new combined terminal treatment plant. Another 1,100
gallons per minute pumping station will be constructed
to intercept the rinse water from the pickling process.
In addition, part of the wastewater from the steel mill
operation will be intercepted and pumped to the new
combined treatment facility. The pump station will have
a capacity of 6,600 gallons per minute and a 20-inch
force main some 820 feet long.
All these waste streams will be directed
to the combined treatment plant whose capacity will be
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^ 151
G. J. Gockstetter
9,000 gallons per minute or 12,960,000 gallons per day.
The combined treatment plant would serve a population
in excess of 100,000 people or a town the size of Spring-
field, Illinois, or Peoria. The wastes will be conveyed
to a rapid mix tank where lime and other coagulant aids
will be added. The waste will then flow to flocculator-
clarifiers ninety feet in diameter, two of them which
are shown here in this picture.
The clear effluent will overflow a periphe
weir and be discharged to the river. The settled solids
or sludge will be thickened and then dried by vacuum fil-
ters .
Plant #3 is being located to serve the
north end of the steel plant. This has a single clari-
fier unit. The wastes to be treated here are solids
originating from the gas cleaning operation at the blast
furnace and certain other solids generated in this area.
The existing facilities for treating these wastes are a
traveling screen, a clarifier-thickener, and associated
pumps and equipment including vacuum filters for drying
the sludge.
The volume of wastewater to be processed
al
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132
G. J. Gockstetter
at Plant #3 is approximately 3*700 gallons per minute
or 5,320,000 gallons per day. The treatment provided
by the new plant will be flocculation-clarification.
The new clarifier-thickener will be eighty feet in
diameter and fourteen feet deep.
A new control building is being constructe
to house the chemical feed equipment and vacuum filters
for dewatering the sludge.
In addition to these terminal treatment
facilities, we are adding additional storage and collec-
tion facilities for pickle liquor, which will be con-
structed as part of the current program. This involves th<
installation of five acid resistant pumping stations to
collect acid at all locations and the installation of an
additional 150,000 gallons of acid resistant storage.
This system will make it possible to continue off-site
disposal or to use the spent pickle liquor as a coagulant
in the treatment plants.
As indicated by the CPM diagram, these
facilities are to be completed by December 31, 1970.
These plants are large and complex facilities which
require considerable time for procurement, engineering
-------
__ _ 153
G. J. Gockstetter
and construction. The location of these plants in a
congested operating area along with relocating undergroun
facilities and the placement of foundations on slag fille
land requires this time schedule. Passing through these
plant sites are railroad tracks and plant roads for truck
shipment which must be maintained in operation. Numerous
underground utilities such as fire lines, city and
service water lines, oxygen, coke gas and nitrogen lines,
sanitary sewers and electrical conduits have all required
relocating.
On April 11, 1969, groundbreaking cere-
monies for this water treatment complex were held marking
the formal beginning of actual construction of these new
facilities. We were privileged to have as our guests at
these ceremonies a number of persons representing various
governmental agencies and political bodies.
Republic is currently on time with the
schedules set forth in the CPM diagram. I would like to
submit copies of reports which have been submitted by
Republic to the Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater
Chicago which show Republic's progress in carrying out
this program. These are included in the brochure,
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G. J. Gockstetter
gentlemen^ which consist of letters which were reports
made by ourselves to the District and Sanitary Water
Board.
(Which said letters are as follows:)
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155
[REPUBLIC]
REPUBLIC STEEL CORPORATION
OENIIUAL OTFICCS REPiJDLIf: OUILDINO, CLEVCLAND, OMIO
G. J. GOCKSTETTER
SW'T FUEI_. PO\VER.
AIR AND WATER MANAGEMENT
CHICAGO DISTRICT
1 16TH STREET 6c BURIEV AVENUE
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS eoeir
March 28, 1969
Mr. Forrest Keil, Acting Chief Engineer
Metropolitan Sanitary District
of Greater Chicago
100 East Erie Street
Chicago, Illinois 6o6ll
Progress Report
Dear Sir:
This progress report is being made in accordance with (b) paragraph 12
of the Stipulation between the Metropolitan Sanitary District and Republic
.Steel Corporation dated February 13, 19^9• The report is based on the
C?M Diagram (rev. k) submitted vith a letter addressed to Vinton W. Bacon
dated December 6, 1968 along with other attachments.
Plant 1 & 2
Waste Acid System and Coil Anneal (CCA)
Electrical design - Preliminary complete
Final complete
Mechanical design - Preliminary complete
Final complete
Structural design - Preliminary complete
Final complete
Prepare general construction specifications
review and approval
Out to contractors for bids
12-19-68
3-26-69
12-17-68
3-10-69
12-19-68
3-17-69
14-1-69
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156
Progress Report - Metropolitan Sanitary District
Page Two
Scarfing Area, Pumping Station and Pipe Line
Electrical design - Preliminary complete 1-7-69
Final complete 3-17-69
Mechanical design - Preliminary complete 1-10-69
Final complete 3-17-69
Structural design - Preliminary complete 1-15-69
Final complete 3-16-69
General construction specifications
Out for "bids U-l-69
#2 Pumping Station,, Clarifier & Filter Building
Electrical design - Preliminary complete 1-20-69
Final complete 3-20-69
Mechanical design - Preliminary complete 1-30-69
Final complete 3-20-69
Structural design - Preliminary complete 1-28-69
Final complete
General construction specifications
Out for bids
Prepare Equipme:it Specifications for Pumps, Clarifiers, Etc.
Specifications issued 12-1-68
Evaluate bids 2-25-69
Orders placed for clarifiers, filters,
rapid mix, etc. 3-2lt-69
General construction specifications
Out for bids U-l-69
Preliminary Mechanical Design Outfall #1 Area
All preliminary drawings - complete 2-U-69
Electrical design - final 3-10-69
Mechanical design - final 3-13-69
Arch, and structural design - final 3-13-69
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157
Progress Report - Metropolitan Sanitary District
Page Three
Prepare general construction specifications
review and approval - out for bids
3-15-69
Order placed - Ed Gray 3-27-69
Plant jf3
Prepare general construction specifications - U-l-69
complete
Electrical design - Preliminary complete 3-H-69
Final complete ^-1-69
Mechanical design - Preliminary complete 2-26-69
Final complete U-l-69
Structural design - Preliminary complete 3-7-69
Final complete t-1-69
Clarifier Equipment and Filters
Specifications -written 12-1-68
Bids evaluated 2-25-69
Orders placed 3-2^-69
A comparison of the foregoing dates with those shown on the CPM Diagram (rev. U)
shows that we are on schedule in all phases of the project. Should any additional
information be required, we will gladly supply same upon request.
Yours truly,
G. J. Gocks tetter
Supt. , Fuel-Power-Air & Water
Management
cc: E. Knight - MSD
C. Klassen - SW3
GJG/slo
bcc: R. P. Carpenter
A. A. Kappenhagen
R. W. Engelbert
L. F. BirXel
J. W. Mills
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158
REPUBLIC STEEL CORPORATION
June 2, 1969
Mr. Forrest Sell, Acting Chief Engineer
Metropolitan Sanitary District
of Greater Chicago
100 East Erie Street
Chicago, Illinois 6o6ll
Progress Report
Dear Sir:
Thia progress report is being made in accordance vith (b) paragraph 12
of the Stipulation betveen the Metropolitan Sanitary District and Republic
Steel Corporation dated February 13» 196"9. This report is based on the
CPM diagram (rev U) submitted vith a letter to Vinton W. Bacon dated
December $, 1968 along vith other attachments.
Plants II. # 2 and ff 3
Construction of the diversion severs at plants #1 and 02
along vith the revisions to the flume at the #3 plant, started
on April 1, 1969 is nov complete.
Proposals from contractors have been received and evaluated.
Our recommendations vill be submitted to the Republic Steel
Purchasing Department this week and a contract negotiated vith
the successful bidder the veek of June 15, 1969.
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159
REPUBLIC STEEL CORPORATION
Mr, Forrest Neil, Acting Chief Engineer June 2, 1969
Metropolitan Sanitary District
of Greater Chicago
100 East Erie Street
Chicago, Illinois 60611
Page -2-
•Attached herewith are copies of the following purchase orders
numbered.
H-91505-62
H-91522-62
H-91612-62
E-91100-26
11-91162-26
This confirms our report dated March 28, 1969 vhich included
the purchase of tho Clarifiers, vacuum filters, electrical
equipment etc, for the three -waste vater treatment plants.
Yours truly,
G-. J. Gockstetter
Supt; Fuel-Power-Air & Water
Management
Enclo,
cc: E. Knight MSD
C. Klassen SWB
GJG/Js
bee: R. P. Carpenter
A. A. Kappenhagen
R. W. En^elbert
L. P. Birkel
j. w.
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I6o
[REPUBLIC]
REPUBLIC STEEL CORPORATION
OENCRAL OrriCES REPUBLIC B OILOI NO . CL C VCU AN O, OHIO
G. J. GOCKSTETTER
CHICAOO DISTRICT
6UP-T FUCL.
AIM AND WATCH MANAOCMBNT
11OTM STRICT fll BU«L«V AVCNUC
CHICAGO. ILLINOIS soei?
June 26, 1969
Franklin D. Yoder M.D. M.P.H.
State of Illinois Sanitary Water Board
Springfield, Illinois 62706
Dear Sir:
In compliance with the request of the Sanitary Water Board in their
letter to you dated March 10, 1969, the last sentence of the Sanitary
Water Boards action on March U, stated, "Further, that a progress report
be submitted on or about July 1." I submit the following which is
indicative of our progress on the construction of the Waste Water Treat-
ment facilities in this district.
Copies of the bi-monthly written reports to the Chief Engineer of The
Metropolitan Sanitary District are attached herewith along with copies
of purchase orders to venders for the major pieces of equipment. Republic
Steel's program is "On Time" in relation to the CPM submitted to the
Sanitary District of Greater Chicago.
All of the underground sewer revisions have been completed, under permit
# 69-^27 issued by the Metropolitan Sanitary District and The Department
of Sewers, City of Chicago, Illinois.
A contract has been awarded to Ed. Gray Corporation, 12230 South Ave.
"0", for the erections and installation of all of the components and
structures for plants # 1 # 2 and # 3 all of which will be worked sim-
ultaneously.
Yours truly.
G. J. Gockstetter
Supt:Fuel-Power-Air & Water
Management
End.
GJG/Js
cc: file
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161
REPUBLIC STEEL CORPORATION
JtOy 29, 1969
Mr. Forrest Sell, Acting Chief Engineer
Metropolitan Sanitary District of
Greater Chicago
100 East Erie Street
Chicago* Illinois £o£ll
Progress Report
Pear
This progress report is tjelng siad* in accordance with (b) paragraph 12 of
the Stipulation Isetveen the Metropoltt».a Sanitary Dintriet «ad Republic
Steal Corporation dated February 13* 19&9- This report is fcaced on the
CKJ fiic,3ra-s (rev fc) submitted with a letter to Vlnton W. Bacon dated December
6, 1968 along vith other a.ttactuacrte»
A ccnersi construction contract vaa awarded to the Edward
Gray Corporation of Chicago, Illinois, oa June 2k, 190 for
the Gravity ficwer "Gw force BiaiKB, pisnplcg stations aud ell of
tb® facilities for plants fl» S2 acd #3.
EStcavatios has started oa all thre« plants for the foundations w
requires fievatering aad in serae cases, blastlcs to clear the sites
The underground sever re-visions in both sites in cosr^leto.
The Waste Water ^reateent planrts construction, is on schedule
relative to the CTM diagram (rer U)
Yours truly,
0. J. Cfoc&stetter
Sw>t:Fuel-P
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162
G. J- Gockstetter
MR. GOCKSTETTER: I would also like to
submit some photographs which were taken just this past
week showing the site of the No. 3 plant, showing the
diversion structure and the area where we must relocate
underground lines. This closeup here, it is this picture
number 42 D, gentlemen, shows the sewer which is a 48-
inch sewer completed and the gas, water and nitrogen or
oxygen lines are being relocated around this area.
This is a picture of plant 1 and 2 showing
the forming. This is on picture 42 L, 7242 L. It shows
the forming which has started and the circular form for
the clarifier.
There are some other pictures there where
you can see where we are moving on the project.
(Which said pictures are as follows:)
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16
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164
-. • •• .-:?•
. •- - ' '.-
" " • "§-!
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165
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166
^^^^™£3« £j*/«sa»i» *"I5BB«P*V "rt-r-- *M^fe% iafc^r ^• •- f, "^a?^*" *"
V '
•
-------
16?
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168
^ — :, i.
- - '*• ^» •— ''"l""--:-^ •/"" ^'^FCT^LI. '"•-•' -: ^^fe^^,-t l^/'
-'•-..» "~'I=:BS--»;, - •_ •;"-,-i:S*-,T, Ir**^*1" ' "- *^;l-1fi-7:i5^-fe»*fc"/
^•sHs~ .•-' •• -''-,'' ''''., 'rs .'.'--':- '-'••:•- •-*•"„-- "" t
-------
''^w*^'8'***^
Utf"""'^
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170
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171
G. J. Gockstetter
MR. GOCKSTETTER: I believe you would be
interested in a brief statement about the current status
of Republic's program so far as the Metropolitan Sanitary
District of Greater Chicago and the Illinois Sanitary
Water Board are concerned.
On February 13, 1969, a stipulation was
entered between the Metropolitan Sanitary District and
Republic agreeing to an order which concluded a show
cause proceeding against Republic. The stipulation was
arrived at after Republic had submitted a program and
time schedule for the construction of water pollution
control facilities which included the three wastewater
treatment plants I have described.
As part of the stipulation^Republic
requested that the Metropolitan Sanitary District trans-
mit to the Illinois Sanitary Water Board for its con-
sideration, pursuant to its Rules and Regulations SWB-15,
Republic's proposed construction program and CPM diagram,
together with Republic's request for an extension of the
completion date for these facilities to December 31, 1970
The completion date provided in SWB-15 is September 30,
1969.
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172
G. J- Gockstetter
The order entered pursuant to the stipu-
lation directed Republic to continue expeditiously the
construction of the waste control facilities and to
submit bimonthly written reports setting forth Republic's
progress and directed the attorney for the Sanitary
District to transmit to the Illinois Sanitary Water
Board Republic's request for an extension of compliance
and completion date.
At a meeting on March 4, 1969, the Illinois
Sanitary Water Board took the following action:
"l move that the Technical Secretary be
authorized and instructed to advise the Metropolitan
Sanitary District and the Republic Steel Corporation
that the proposal and time schedule appear to be reason-
able, but that the Sanitary Water Board will continue to
follow its policy of reevaluating the progress made by
the corporation, and that on or about the SWB-15 deadline
date of September 30, 1969, if the evaluation indicates
the corporation has proceeded and is proceeding on the
submitted schedule, then favorable action on the requestel
extension would be taken at that time. Further that a
progress report be submitted on or about July 1."
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_—— 173
G. J. Gockstetter
Thank you, gentlemen, and if there are
any questions, you may ask them.
MR. STEIN: Are there any comments or
questions?
Yes, Mr. Poston.
MR. POSTON: I would like to ask Mr.
Gockstetter two or three questions.
The first one pertains to the disposal of
your acid pickling liquor. You indicated you contracted
with--
MR. GOGKSTETTER: K-A Steel.
MR. POSTON: --some other company to haul
this away. Where did this go?
MR. GOCKSTETTER: They have installed
facilities on our property to convert it to ferrous
sulfate, which they in turn sell to various sanitary
districts for a coagulating aid.
MR. POSTON: The reason I ask this is
that I know of certain areas where these wastes have
been hauled away and dumped into the streams by a con-
tractor unauthorized.
MR. GOGKSTETTER: No, this is converted.
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174
G. J. Gockstetter
MR. POSTON: I wanted to check on that.
The second thing that I was curious about
was whether the working construction plans have all "been
completed and have those been given to the Sanitary
District?
MR. GOCKSTETTER: All of the drawings are
complete. Now, there are some 450 drawings. We have not
supplied all of them to them, but we have submitted
letters to them which you have there indicating the
dates, and so forth, where we have accomplished certain
things and submitted copies of the purchase orders to
them showing that we have accomplished things in this
direction. In addition to that, representatives of the
District have been out and inspected the facilities
themselves.
MR. POSTON: And then will these plans and
specs be available to the Technical Committee who are
looking into the water quality as they envision after
these facilities are in operation?
MR. GOCKSTETTER: Our plans are open to
anybody.
MR. POSTON: And the other question that
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175
•———^—^™™i
G. J. Gockstetter
I have in my mind is, in your construction how many
shifts will be working on this construction project?
MR. GOCKSTETTER: We are working everybod
that we can. There are two things that dictate what we
can do and one is the availability of manpower and
materials. Some of these pumps are very long delivery
and we are working as fast as possible, and if we can
we will certainly improve the completion date of this
December 30r
MR. POSTON: Are you approximately on
schedule?
MR. GOCKSTETTER: We are actually a little
bit ahead of schedule right now., Mr. Poston.
MR. POSTON: Relative to this shift and
how many shifts you are working, I don't know whether I
exactly understood how many shifts. I did understand the
you said that you are restricted in some areas by receipt
of materials and in shortage of labor. I guess my impres
sion is, your main plant is your manufacturing capacity,
they operate more than one schedule, is that not right?
MR. GOCKSTETTER: Yes, that is true.
MR. POSTON: Well, I was just interested
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176
G. J. Gockstetter
in whether or not this work was progressing as fast as
the manufacturing?
MR. GOCKSTETTER: Yes. In fact, we are
working carpenters some 21 turns a week in some
of these areas when we can get them, but they are not
always available.
MR. POSTON: For construction--
MR. GOCKSTETTER: For forming for concrete
for example.
MR. POSTON: Yes. Of the treatment works
that you are building?
MR. GOGKSTETTER: Wherever we can we use
all we can get and based upon the availability of equip-
ment .
MR. POSTON: This is a very enlightening
report and I thank you.
MR. STEIN: Wait, we have some further
questions.
Do you have some, Mr. Klassen?
MR. KLASSEN: No.
MR. STEIN: Well, I have, and let me try
this. I think there are two elements here. One, the
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G. J. Gockstetter
substance of what you are doing, and two, the time.
Now I also think, as always when Republic
puts in a report, this is a very enlightening report and
I think we can get a rather precise notion of what you
propose to do.
But as I understand this, by September 30,
1969, which is about a month from now, you expect either
to get approval or disapproval, that is of the proposal,
from the Illinois Sanitary Water Board. I would like to
divide this if I might, Mr. Klassen, into two points. I
wonder if the Illinois Sanitary Water Board has looked
over these plans and if it is satisfied, aside from the
time that it is going to take, that this is going to do
the trick, and substantively that a judgment might be
able to be reached by September 30. Now, I don't know
how big a job that is going to be for you people. But
if they are going to make this determination whether
you are going to do this or not, do you think it is
physically possible to do this by September 30?
MR. KLASSEN: Physically possible--
MR. STEIN: For the Board to make a
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178
G. J. Gockstetter
determination on the basis of the Republic plans whether
what they are proposing is satisfactory or not. We are
not talking about the date.
MR. KLASSEN: Let me say, Mr. Chairman,
you asked me if I had any questions. I do not, but for
the record we have had the plans for a number of months
from Republic Steel, we have reviewed them, we are
satisfied that when completed they will meet our water
quality standards.
In addition to this we have made physical
inspections of the progress and feel that as indicated
they are substantially up to date if not a little ahead
of schedule and that they should finish this on or before
December 1970 if they are granted this extension. This
will come before the Sanitary Water Board at its October
meeting and we will make our last evaluation Just before
the September 30 deadline, all of which is in aceordanc
with the policy of the Sanitary Water Board to only con-
sider extensions at the time the deadline is reached to
see whether in fact the particular applicant for an
extension has and is diligently pursuing to the best of
his efforts to get this job done.
-------
G. J. Gockstetter
MR. STEIN: All right. Now, let me state
this, because I think this is a very vital point as we
move forward in the case.
As far as the judgment of Mr. Klassen and
his group in Springfield and without going over these
plans I would like to give you my past experience,
both with Republic steel and Mr. Klassen
When they said they were going to do something,
our experience has been in all parts of the country x^ith
Republic or with Mr. Klassen ire-ire-*, that the contention
and the scientific claims have been entirely valid. In
other words, I know and I think I can say this ,if
Republic wants to change it, I know of no place in the
country in the past where we have dealt with what a plant
was going to do or not going to do that we ever had a
difference of opinion. And I think this will apply, I
rnaybe will have to repeat it again with United States
Steel.
The same thing I think on the facts of
the situation and dealing for more than a quarter of a
century with the Sanitary Water Board under Mr. Klassen.
¥e have found on the basis of past experience that a
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_ i8o
G. J. Gockstetter
review of plans of the Illinois Sanitary Water Board
when they said these plans were valid and would work,
have occasioned absolutely no difference from us. I
believe the record has borne this out.
So what I think we are faced with here,
if we adopt standard American engineering practice and
we get these plans put forward, as we have by Republic
and Mr. Gockstetter and the comments that we have had
by Mr. Klassen, I think in the absence of anything some
of the conferees may say, that we are fairly safe to
indicate that these works will do what it has been said
they will do.
When we try to narrow the issues, what
we do is we have a specific proposal with specific
plans and specifications put forth by Republic Steel
plus a willingness of Republic Steel to put in works
that are going to produce water quality of the kind
required by the Sanitary District, the State and the
Federal Government. The sole question, therefore, here
that presumably Mr. Klassen1s Board has to take up and
we have to take up, although this is always an open ques'
tion and we can go back to this question of whether the
-------
G-. J. Gockstetter
plans are sufficient or not, is the date that it is going
to be completed. In other words, I think the question of
whether the work is going to be done to produce these
water quality conditions,to the best of our technical
knowledge,is under way and we are all agreed that that
is going forward.
Is that a fair statement?
Of course this question of the date is
open for the conferees' decision, but I think on the
facts of it are there any further questions of Republic?
MR. POSTON: Not for me.
MR. STEIN: By the way--and again without
any judgment one way or another on the date--I think this
demonstrates what we have had demonstrated in other parts
of the country is from an engineering standpoint, from
the standpoint of coming forth with a program, every time
we have had a water pollution control case and Republic
Steel has come forth with a program we haye found that
that program has performed as advertised and tias done
the job.
Thank you very much, Mr. Gockstetter.
May we have U. S. Steel now.
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182
H. J. Dunsmore
HERBERT J. DUNSMORE, DIRECTOR
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL
UNITED STATES STEEL CORPORATION
MR. DUNSMORE: Mr. Chairman. I am Mr.
Herbert J. Dunsmore, Director of Environmental Control
for United States Steel Corporation, and have participate
in the previous sessions or other sessions of this con-
ference and welcome the opportunity again to present
U. S. Steel's program. I am appearing here today at the
invitation of President John Egan of the Metropolitan
Sanitary District.
We will choose to go through the comments
that I have with the aid of slides, and so I think with-
out taking additional time, let's turn out the lights
and start the series of slides.
I am at a disadvantage here for seeing
the screen,, but I believe this is our outfalls 7, 8 and
9 that go into the Inner Harbor. The one farthest away
from me or on your right would be outfall number 7,
which carries about 200 million gallons of cooling water
-------
. . 183
H. J. Dunsmore
a day from the powerplant and has no other contaminants
in it other than heat. The outfalls that are closest to
me are 8 and 9 that carry the cooling waters, number 8
from our blast furnace and our slag quenching operation
and number 9 from our flue dust thickener.
Next slide, please.
There has been some question from time
to time as to what kind of pollution control facilities
existed at South Works prior to 1965 and this slide shows
that those areas marked A, for which there are some
seventeen or twenty, I believe, are mill scale pits
scattered throughout the various mill areas.
There is another area marked B about in
the center of the slide which is a pit that comes from
the mill that provides another place for oil skimming.
The areas marked C are slag quenching
areas where we had a problem back in 19&5 of popcorn
slag, and later on I will tell you how that was cor-
rected.
In the area marked D were clarifiers that
have been in since 1930.
And I believe that covers all the areas
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184
H. J. Dunsmore
marked on the slide. But all of these were areas that
existed prior to March of 19^5-
May we have the next slide.
This is a mill scale pit and a clamshell
bucket just simply removing mill scale to give you an
idea of what that particular operation does in prevent-
ing solids from getting access to the water.
Next slide.
And this is a little pit at the end of
the north slip where we skim oil.
Next slide.
This is a closeup of the two clarifiers
that were marked D, and in the background, of course,
is the Inner Harbor. These remove flue dust from our
gas washing water.
Next slide.
This is an oil skimmer, a belt type oil
skimmer, which has been very effective in removing oil.
And since 196"5--next slide—we have placed
some eight of these oil skimmers throughout the plant and
the locations of where they were placed are shown on this
slide. They are in the various mill areas where oil is
-------
185
H. J. Dunsmore
generated.
Next slide.
I am going to have to guess at what that
is from here, but I believe that is the site location of
our Step I clarifiers which were put on the blast furnaces
that used to discharge out sewer number 10.
Next slide.
And this shows a site location. The
insert up at the top is the way the ground looked before
we started demolition and the main picture is the demo-
lition where we had to clear away a former mill to make
room to put in the clarifiers.
Next slide.
This is the finished clarifiers that went
into operation about December 1968. Actually a site
visit was made by many of you on January 15, 1969* and
at that time they were in operation. And you can see
that there is a considerable amount of demolition and
construction evident in that area.
Next slide.
This is an excavation for a sewer that
was necessary to divert the water frcftn the number 10
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186
H. J. Dunsmore
sewer down to these clarifiers. This was a temporary
job to get the wastes out of the Inner Harbor and back
into a treatment facility about August of 1968.
Next slide.
Again about soring of 1968 there is a
little mark at the end of north slip in orange, which
we used a portion or a walled-off portion of the north
slip as a recycle system and which we permitted all the
mill water to flow to this area and with three oil
skimmers to skim the oil off recycled the water right
back through the mill.
Next slide.
This is dry slag pits which were
installed. This happens to be on blast furnaces along
the south slip and this portion of water you see is the
Calumet River. These dry slag pits replace the old
system that caused the popcorn slag.-
Next slide.
And this slide simply shows the location
of the former five slag quenching pits that did generate
popcorn slags that have now been eliminated. There are
crosses drawn through those.
-------
. _____ 187
H. J. Dunsmore
Next slide.
This is a portion of blast furnace water
that was diverted out of our clarifier and put into
sewer number 8 instead of running through the clarifier
in an effort to separate cooling water from dirty water
carrying flue dust.
Next slide.
That is just a recap of the several
actions that we took which completes Step I showing
the clarifiers down by the south slip and the various
other actions that I have talked about up until now
which completed the program that brought our discharges
up to the status they were by December 1968.
Next slide.
This is a new construction showing our
basic oxygen furnace location and our continuous caster.
The large circle by the north slip is the clarifier that
was put in for that facility and the small dot which you
cannot see, will show in another slide, is the mill scale
pit for the caster.
Next slide.
This is the finished basic oxygen furnace
-------
. 188
H. J. Dunsmore
with a clarifier.
Next slide.
And this is the continuous caster with
the scale pits shown in about the center of the photo-
graph .
Next slide.
This is a portion of our Step II program
which is under construction now. Contracts were let for
this in March of 1969 and these green lines show the
various areas of South Works that will drain into a
central treatment facility. The three circles are the
three high-rate clarifiers that will treat this water
down to a level to meet the effluent requirements for
the mill water.
Next slide.
This is a construction shot again down,
oh, by the clarifiers that were put in in 1968, but this
is the site location of where the three clarifiers will
be for the central treatment facility.
Next slide.
This shows a portion of construction
work putting in a pump base or a pit to conduct the
-------
189
H. J. Dunsmore
water to the central treatment facility.
Next slide.
This is the recycle system that will go
into the blast furnace area. The green lines will con-
duct the wastes from the blast furnace up to the clarifie
and then they will go through a cooling tower which is
on the immediate right of the clarifiers and circulated
back through the blast furnaces.
Next slide.
This shows the construction of the cooling
tower as it was about a week ago. The foundation is well
under way.
Next slide.
This is a recap of Step II showing both
blast furnace recycle system and the central treatment
facility.
Next slide.
Just some additional construction pictures
that were taken about a week ago showing some of the
difficulty in getting sewer lines and constructing in
a rather crowded plant site.
Next slide.
rs
-------
190
H. J. Dunsmore
This was again taken about a week ago,
shows the Inner Harbor at the area that used to be
outfall number 10. Mr. Bacon referred to it this morning
as having been diverted and this is a photograph to show
that it no longer drains into the Inner Harbor.
Next slide.
Another kind of a fly-over recap, again
taken about a week ago showing the old clarifiers, but
more importantly showing the Inner Harbor out beyond
the clarifiers where outfalls numbers 8 and 9 discharge
as well as outfall number 7.
Next slide.
This is just another overall shot taken
about a week ago showing the general condition of, again,
clarifiers and outfalls 7, 8 and 9* which are the only
outfalls into the Inner Harbor.
I think that concludes the end of the
slides.
I think that in closing I would like to
give you kind of a summary of what this means. There is
a task force of contractor employees that range between
four and five hundred people. The question has been
-------
191
H. J. Dunsmore
raised as to how much time do they work. We work a
forty-hour week and there is a good reason for it, a
reason that we don't like, but a fact of life.
This kind of work substantially uses pipe-
fitters and ironworkers, for which many other people,
fortunately or unfortunately, in the Chicago area have
need, and you couldn't work more than a forty-hour week
or a two-shift or a three-shift day if you wanted to.
¥e can't get enough pipefitters and ironworkers now to
man the job to the level that we would like to have it
manned.
Now, to speed up this contract we let what
is called in the trade a turnkey contract, and I suppose
that in a certain sense it is like piecework. It is to
the contractor's advantage to get the job done just as
fast as he can get it done, and for us, we are interested
in having it done as fast as it can be done.
There are some 11,280 feet of pipe that
have to be laid to complete this job and they range in
size from 1-1/2 feet to 6 feet in diameter. They will
be poured over 5,600 cubic yards of concrete. It will
require enough horsepower when installed to pull a 120-ca
-------
122
H. J. Dunsmore
freight train.
This concludes my remarks and thank you
very much.
(The statement in its entirety, including
the aforementioned photographs, follows.)
-------
192A
Water Conservation Progress of
United States Steel Corporation's
South Works
A Report to the Conference
Reconvened by the Secretary of the Interior
In The Matter of Pollution of Lake Michigan
The Calumet River and Related Rivers
Chicago, Illinois
August 26, 1969
By
Herbert J. Dunsmore
Director Environmental Control
United States Steel Corporation
-------
192B
- 1 -
Slide 1
aerial of
South Works
Slide 2
Nos. 7, 8
and 9 outfalls
showing clear
effluent
I am Herbert J. Dunsmore, Director of Environmental
Control, United States Steel Corporation. As a participant in
prior Conference sessions, I welcome this opportunity, provided
by the Conference in the matter of Pollution of Lake Michigan,
the Calumet River and Related Waters, to report water conservation
progress at U. S. Steel's South Works, in the 54 months since
this Conference was first convened. I am appearing today at
the invitation of the Conferee John E. Egan, President of the
Metropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chicago.
This is an aerial view of South Works, located on the
south shore of Lake Michigan. Iron ore for South Works' blast
furnaces is delivered by ore carriers like the one shown in the
South Slip at the Calumet River, lower right in the photo.
About half of the water required by South Works is used
for cooling and returns to the Lake with its quality unchanged,
except for the addition of some heat.
This photo shows Nos. 7, 8 and 9 outfalls. No. 7, the
largest in the plant, discharges an average of 200 million gallons
of power plant condenser water a day. This water is used only
for cooling.
-------
192C
- 2 -
Slide 3
aerial
outlining
Mar., '65
water
treatment
Slide 4
34" Mill
scale pit
photo
Slide 5
aerial
outlining
Mar., '65
water treat.
Slide 6
photo of sump
Slide 7
aerial
outlining
Mar., '65-
water treat.
Slide 8
slag screens
photo
The rest of the water South Works uses to wash blast
furnace gas, quench blast furnace slag, cool rolls, transport
scale and in other steeltnaking processes.
These were the main components of South Works' water
conservation system, 4-1/2 years ago, when the Conference in the
matter of Pollution of Lake Michigan, the Calumet River and
related waters was first convened in Chicago.
Twenty-seven scale pits whose function is to capture
scale generated on the eight rolling mills occupy the locations
marked "A" in the photo-
Here a grab bucket unloads one of eight components of
the 220-foot long scale pit, serving the 34" structural mill.
Scale removed from the hot steel as it passes through the rolls
and waste oils are conveyed by water flume to the pits where the
slag settles and oils are skimmed from the surface.
Location "B" in the aerial view is the sump adjacent to
the North Slip where additional oil is removed. Retaining the
water here allows the floating baffle to trap waste oils that
escape the pits.
Popcorn slag was a major pollution problem in 1965. As
molten slag from the blast furnaces was quenched in water-filled
pits, a small part of the slag granules floated, and they were
trapped by rotary screens marked "C" on the aerial map. The
abrasion of these sharp-edged particles caused a very difficult
screer, maintenance problem.
-------
192D
- 3 -
Slid'- 'J
a t r i a 1
outlining
Mar., '65
water treat.
Slide 10
clarifier
photo
Slide 11
belt skimmer
photo
Slide 12
aerial with
oil skimmers
outlined
Slide 13
aerial outlining
new clarifiers
Slide 14
photo of razing
blooming mill
The !:lue dust of five blast furnaces was captured in the
two 160-foot clarifiers marked "D" on the map, and by 1965,
increased iron production had outstripped their dust-collecting
capacity.
At that time, plans were already underway to bring water
conservation systems at South abreast of production advances. We
found ourselves in the position of a growing family still living
in an eld house, with leaky pipes and radiators, while they are
building a new home across the street with modern plumbing and
heating systems.
Meanwhile, until the new house is finished, chey are
installing new elbows, pumps and valves to keep the old system
working with aw little offense to their neighbors as possible.
Oil recovery improvements initiated Step I of South
Works' water pollution control orogram. This traveling belt oil
skimmer and seven more like it, installed at locations marked "E",
greatly improved waste oil recovery. A skimmer boat was also
installed in t'-ie harbor to remove surplus oil.
To make room for additional clarifiers located at
the area marked "J" on the aerial photo, this 40-inch blooming
mill was demolished.
-------
192E
- 4 -
Placed in operation in December, 1968, these 110-foot
Slide 15
photo of finished
clarifiers diameter clarifiers can clean 720,000 gallons of gas washer water
Slide 16
sewer pipe
installation
photo
Slide 17
dry slag
pit photo
Slide 18
aerial with
No. 5 sump
recirculation
system outlined
per hour from blast furnaces 1, 2, 4, and E bordering the South
Slip. With their coming "on stream", the blast furnace gas
cleaning water at South Works was significantly improved.
An interim step, in April, 1968, the No. 10 sewer line
discharge to the inner harbor was stopped by diverting its flow-
A sump was built to settle out scale and a pump installed to
divert this flow to the Calumet River and the South Slip. Here
you see the installation of 220 feet of 36-inch sewer line which
was necessary to achieve this diversion.
The popcorn slag problem ended in this blast furnace
area with the installation of dry slag processing on 2 and E
furnaces in November, 1967, and April, 1968, and the blowing out
of No. 4 blast furnace in April, 1968, and No. 1 blast furnace in
July of that year. Both returned to operation using the dry slag
cooling process. This view of the Calumet River shows tha new
dry slag processing beds of furnaces 4 and E.
Recycling and diversion further enhanced effluent
quality at outrTalls 2, 3, 5, 8 and 9-
The quality of the water discharged into the North Slip
in No. 2 and No. 3 outfalls, was greatly improved by diverting the
effluent from che 96-inch wide plate mill scale pits to No. 5
diversion sump where it is now discharged into a recirculation
-------
192F
- 5 -
Slide 19
showing slag
quenchers
crossed out on
aerial photo
Slide 20
aerial
outlining
cooling water
diversion
basin. The twin outfalls now discharge essentially cooling water
from the open hearths, intermittent discharge of vacuum degasser
ejector condenser water, basic oxygen furnace shop gas cooling
water and power station condenser cooling water. These changes
were effected in 1968.
No. 8 outfall in the inner harbor formerly handled slag
quencher water from No. 11 and No. 12 blast furnaces. The quality
of this discharge was greatly enhanced by improving the rotary
screens at No. 11 and No. 12 blast furnaces and converting No. 10
and No. 6 blast, furnaces to the air-cooled slag process. Taking
No. 5 and No. fc blast furnaces out of service in 1968 endc'.d their
granulated slag problem. The new No. 8 slast furnace will also
use the air-codec slag process. The conversion of No. 11 and 12
furnaces to drj slag processing, scheduled for July, 1970, will
completely eliminate the popcorn slag problem.
Several changes have improved the quality of blast
furnace clarif:.er effluent discharged in No. 9 outfall. In
December, 1967. 5;000 gallons of cooling water per minute were
diverted from the clarifiers to allow for improved treatment of
gas cleaning Wf.ter. The use of a polyelectrolytic was begun to
improve the settling capacity of the clarifiers and the
installation of these new lift pumps, further improved clarifier
efficiency.
-------
192G
- 6 -
Slide 21
aerial with
Step I
outlined
Slide 22
aerial outlining
BOP shop, gas
cleaning system
and continuous
caster scale
pit
Slide 23
BOP shop, gas
cleaning system
photo
Slide 24
aerial showing
central system
outline
Now the aerial photo shows two stages of development:
The installations that made up South Works' conservation system
in March, 1965, are colored yellow. The new systems installed
and in operation by December, 1968, are marked in red.
Step I of South Works' Water Pollution Control Program
was completed in December, 1968.
With construction underway on so many conservation
systems., it is impossible in a single presentation, to do justice
to all of them. Two major projects not directly related to either
Step I or Step 2, have vital significance, in my opinion, to this
Conference. They are the BOP Shop gas cleaning system and the
continuous easier scale pit.
The sophisticated cleaning system in the new basic
oxygen steelmaking shop embraces a complex of spray chambers,
scrubbers, centrifuges and cooling towers that occupy almost as
much space as ::he production facility they serve. This wet
A"^
scrubber cleanup system, representing the most efficient
application of modern control technology, went on stream with
this new steel.-naking facility in January of this year.
Step II of South Works' Water Pollution Control Program
is now well into the construction phase. One of its main
components is this Central treatment plant which will provide
additional treatment for process water used in the Electric
Furnac3 Shop vacuum degasser, the Open Hearth Vacuum deg; sser,
-------
192H
- 7 -
Slide 25
central treat-
ment constr.
Slide 26
sewer pipe
installation
Slide 27
recycling
system outline
Slide 28
photo:
construction of
recycling
system
Slide 29
second
recycling photo
Slide 30
full outline
of wat;er
conservation
system
the Open Hearth slag quencher, and cooling and flushing water from
all eight rolling mills. Step II installations are marked in
green.
The system will be composed of three 125-foot diameter
sludge recycle clarifiers shown here under construction. The
other components of the system, a 65-foot thickener, now In the
foundation stage, and two rotary drum type filters will also be
erected on this site. This 72-inch pipe will conduct the
clarified water from the clarifiers to the South Slip.
The second major component of Step II is a complete
recycling system for the gas cleaning water used in Blast Furnaces
8, 10, 11 and '.2. The cooling tower is now under construction and
will be located at left on the photo. Note that the installations
shown «t right are the existing clarifiers, incorporated in the
new system. When this recycling system goes "on stream" the
discharges of gas cleaning water from the North Slip blast
furnacp.s will be eliminated.
Thesa new systems will be placed into operation as they
are completed, and the entire complex should be "on stream" by
December 31, 1970, in accordance with the Metropolitan Sanitary
District of Chicago Timetable. On that date, South Works will
have one of the most efficient water conservation systems in the
industry.
-------
1921
- 8 -
Slide 31
continuous caster
and scale pit
photo
(to come)
Slide 32
photo of
workers on
job
Slide 33
(to come)
The new continuous caster, now under construction,
illustrates how process change can reduce pollution. By
eliminating the primary mill, the continuous caster substantially
reduces the formation of scale, and, consequently, improves scale
recovery efficiency. The cleared effluent from the scale pit is
repumped to the plant water system for reuse.
The management of South Works provided some interesting
figures which may help us grasp the full dimensions of this
control program.
A task force of contractor employees is now well along
in the construction of the big water conservation projects at
South Works. When they have completed their job, they will have
laid 11,280 feet of pipe, ranging in diameters from 1% to 6 feet
and an equal amount of smaller pipe. They will have poured 5,600
cubic yards of concrete, enough to construct the basements of 120
two-bedroom houses, and the pumps they will have installed will
require enough horsepower to pull a 120-car freight train.
This photo shows the harbor as it appears today.
-------
193
UNITED STATES STEEL CORPORATION
208 SOUTH LA SALLE STREET • CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60690 • CENTRAL 6-9200
August 26, 1969
This aerial photo of No. 7, 8 and 9 outfalls at South Works
shows condition of water leaving the plant and returning to Lake
Michigan. Public beaches are open for swimming within a few
blocks of this site.
PLEASE CREDIT
U. S. STEEL PHOTO
-------
-------
195
UNITED STATES STEEL CORPORATION
208 SOUTH LA SALLE STREET », CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60690 • CENTRAL 6-9200
August 26, 1969
The recycling system for gas cleaning water used in blast
furnaces at South Works as seen from the air. The cooling tower
is now under construction.
#
PLEASE CREDIT
U. S. STEEL PHOTO
-------
-------
197
UNITED STATES STEEL CORPORATION
208 SOUTH LA SALLE STREET • CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60690 • CENTRAL 6-9200
August 26, 1969
View of Calumet River with U. S. Steel's South Works on
right,
#
PLEASE CREDIT
U. S. STEEL PHOTO
-------
*&
00
-------
199
UNITED STATES STEEL CORPORATION
208 SOUTH LA SALLE STREET • CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60690 • CENTRAL 6-9200
August 26, 1969
Clarifiers for blast furnaces 1, 2, h and E at South Works
seen, from the air. Placed in operation in 1968, these 110-
foot diameter clarifiers can clean 720,000 gallons of gas washer
water per hour from the four blast furnaces bordering the South
Works slip.
#
PLEASE CREDIT
U. S. STEEL PHOTO
-------
ro
o
o
-------
201
UNITED STATES STEEL CORPORATION
208 SOUTH LA SALLE STREET • CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60690 • CENTRAL 6-9200
August 26, 1969
Aerial closeup of BOP shop gas cleaning facilities at U. S.
Steel's South Works in Chicago. The sophisticated cleaning
system in the new basic oxygen shop embraces a complex of spray
chambers, scrubbers, centrifuges and cooling towers.
#
PLEASE CREDIT
U. S. STEEL PHOTO
-------
202
-------
203
UNITED STATES STEEL CORPORATION
208 SOUTH LA SALLE STREET • CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60690 • CENTRAL 6-9200
August 26, 1969
Harbor at U. S. Steel's South Works. The plant has made
major progress in combating water pollution through installation
of most modern cleaning devices.
PLEASE CREDIT
U. S. STEEL PHOTO
-------
ro
o
-------
. j__ 205
H. J. Dunsmore
MR. STEIN: Wait a minute, Mr. Dunsmore.
Do we have any questions or comments?
MR. POSTON: I would like to ask, are
your plans and specs completed for all of this work,
detailed working plans?
MR. DUNSMORE: You are never quite com-
pleted until the contractor is through with the job,
but let's put it this way:
The plans and specifications, the engi-
neering on the job is ahead of the contractor and has
been and will continue to be, I might say.
MR. POSTON: Would these plans be avail-
able to the Technical Committee if they desire to see
them in connection with their work assigned by this
conference?
MR. DUNSMORE: The answer is yes, but
there are general arrangement drawings now available.
I thought your question implied detailed construction
drawings and they are not all available now even to us.
The engineers are still drawing on them.
-------
206
H. J. Dunsmore
But the general arrangement drawings are
certainly done and this is what the contract is bid on.
MR. POSTON: How much of your work would
you say has been completed at this time? Percentagewise,
maybe?
MR. DUNSMORE: I understand the question,
and I don't know that I have a better answer than this.
We started to work in March of 1969 and it
is scheduled for completion by December 1970, and I am
satisfied that at least we are up to schedule or ahead
of schedule. I am sure we are not far ahead of schedule
because of the shortage of labor that I mentioned.
MR. POSTON: Relative to this shortage of
labor, I have always felt that this has something to do
with adding an additional shift and the matter of some
overtime, and my conversations with contractors have led
me to believe that if there is some overtime involved you
can get practically anything done. (Laughter.)
MR. DUNSMORE: Well, of course, construc-
tion is not my specialty, but 1 have been told by people
in our corporation that do know that the competition for
pipefitters and ironworkers in the Chicago area is very
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H. J. Dunsmore
keen.
MR. POSTON: Well, I brought this out
because we have been involved in recent days with labor
wondering where they could fit in and where they would
be able to get their people hired. I am not sure that
they are the same categories, but I know they are quite
adamant in their desires to get an equal employment
opportunity.
MR. STEIN: Well, Mr. Poston, you have
just given me an idea. You know, I have needed a lot
of work from the Chicago area. I am going to suggest
that you work your people overtime. (Laughter.)
MR. POSTON: I opened my mouth all right.
MR. KLASSEN: Occasionally I agree with
you, Mr. Chairman. (Laughter.)
MR. STEIN: Well, let me try to get back tc
some basic questions here, and this will be the same thin,
that we asked about Republic, essentially.
One, you say you have a system and you are
on stream by December 31, 1970, in accordance with the
Metropolitan Sanitary District of Chicago timetable. Wha
is that timetable based on? As I understood Republic,
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H. J. Dunsmore
their timetable was based on approval by the Illinois
Sanitary Water Board.
Is yours the same way or do you have an
agreement with them independently of that or do you have
the approval of Illinois?
MR. DUNSMORE: Well, as Mr. Bacon reported
this morning, we have a summary of work schedule, he call
it a Critical Path Method, of determining the length of
time of construction and this was first submitted in
September of 1968 and has gone through, I believe, five
revisions. The last one was submitted to him on June 6th
of 1969 j which does meet his and his staff's approval as
to the length of time it will take. And I believe he
said that he had transmitted those work schedules to the
State, and at least for the record let's say they are
available, and also the scheme of what it is we propose
to do is available.
MR. STEIN: Yes. Well, here again as I
understand it, the same rules presumably apply to you as
apply to Republic Steel and these rules are, as far as
the approval of the plans, whether they are going to do
the job or the date to meet SWB-15 and the water quality
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H. J. Dunsmore
standards have to be approved by the State agency. This
is correct, isn't it?
MR. DUNSMORE: Yes.
MR. STEIN: Now, in other words, you don't
stand in a different position in having your plans approve
by Illinois as yet, do you? Or do you?
MR. DUNSMORE: I don't know as I understand
exactly the question. |
MR. STEIN: The point is we do know on the
basis of the previous statements that the Illinois State
agency had reviewed Republic's plans and specifications.
They are reasonably satisfied that Republic's plans and
specs would do the job. At their next meeting or the
meeting in October they were going to take up the question
of date.
Where do you stand in relation to that?
Are you in the same position or a little different one?
MR. DUNSMORE: We are in a little different
position, and I thought Mr. Bacon made that clear--that
he was negotiating with U. S. Steel regarding the length
of time and we were changing our Critical Path Method up
until June 6, 1969, and it took his staff a while to revieto
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H. J. Dunsmore
this last draft and come to an agreement on it. And I
presume, and I believe it may have been stated by Mr.
Bacon, that the next step then, of course, is to take
it to the Illinois Sanitary Water Board, but he chose
not to do that until first his staff had been satisfied
that they had got an acceptable plan.
MR. STEIN: Let me refer back to your
statement, then.
"These new systems will be placed into
operation as they are completed, and the entire complex
should be 'on stream1 by December 31, 1970, in accordance
with the Metropolitan Sanitary District of Chicago time-
table. On that date, South Works will have one of the
most efficient water conservation systems in the industry
That is on the bottom of page 7, Mr.
Dunsmore.
At least the implication to me by reading
that is Chicago does not have any questions any more and
is shooting that on to Illinois. Is this true? Or does
the Sanitary District still have questions before they
get that to Illinois?
And I want to not lead up to a question in
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H. J. Dunsmore
a conference operation, because if we are going to put
the burden on Mr. Klassen on making a Judgment on the
September 30 date and he i s a month away and we are
not up to the point of sending those things forward to hi|m.
I think it would be unfair to look to the State agency
to make a real rapid judgment possibly on plans unless
he has some prior knowledge of this. Again I wanted to
review the whole line of the questioning. Mr. Klassen
had indicated that he had seen the Republic plans before.
Mr. Klassen?
MR. KLASSEN: If it is time to put a
statement in the record on that, I will be glad to do
so.
We received an informational copy of
revision number 5 and a draft of an unsigned stipulation
I am reading now — currently the subject of negotiations
between the Sanitary District and United States Steel
Corporation. I received this from Mr. Egan at 6:32 p.m.
last night in my hotel.
And I want to say for purposes of the
.record, the Illinois Sanitary Water Board deadline for
U. S. Steel, as well as the other industries on the
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212
H. J. Dunsmore
Calumet River, is September 30, 1969* and as of "today
we have not received a request for an extension of that
deadline for U. S. Steel and we are proceeding on the
assumption that the enforcement action is the responsi-
bility and under the jurisdiction of the State of
Illinois and we will proceed with enforcement action
against U. S. Steel on that basis unless the Secretary
of the Interior prior to that date makes a decision to
assume that jurisdiction.
Does that answer your question?
(Applause.)
MR. STEIN: You have answered the ques-
tion. I think we are going to have to take up that
question of jurisdiction.
But as I see this issue here^-and I
don't want to speak for the State—but in making a
judgment on the equities of this situation on what the
Federal Government responsibility in 'this is, if we
have to recognize the primary rights and responsibilities
of the States, and we have done that and encouraged that
in every case that I know> if we are coming to the end
of September and if we know in working closely with the
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H. J. Dunsmore
State agency that there is one more month to go on this
operation and if the facts are as they have been stated,
that the Illinois State agency does not have a request
for an extension or papers before it on which to make a
judgment on that request and time is ticking every day,
what judgment, I think, can we have when September 30
rolls around?
MR. KLASSEN: To put it a little more
bluntly, Mr. Chairman, the Illinois Sanitary Water Board
is and will proceed with the enforcement of that Septem-
ber 30, 1969, deadline unless the Federal Government
stops us.
MR. STEIN: Well, I don't think we are
going to stop you.
MR. KLASSEN: Or join us.
MR. STEIN: And we may join.
Let me tell you this, by September 30,
1969, as well, and I make no prejudgment on what Mr.
Klein or Mr. Hickel arc- going to do, but under the law,
unless the situation is changed by September 30, 1969,
and there is a judgment that a discharge from U. S.
Steel is in violation'of the standards, we can &erre you
-------
H. J. Dunsmore
with 180-day notice and if that violation is not stopped
we can take the case to court after the 180 days.
Now, that is our law. And our past
experience, I might say, is that we are not going to comp
with or battle the State of Illinois, because I don't
think Illinois is the discharger nor is the Federal
Government. If I have anything to do with it, we are
going to cooperate with them.
Now, I would like to work a way out of
this, because as far as I can see here, Mr. Dunsmore,
you fully intend and you are moving diligently toward
a cleanup. Isn't there some way we can get this
reasonably on the track so we can proceed in an entirely
amicable way toward a decision? Because I don't believe
that court action is going to get this done any faster
if we can work out something that is going to be mutually
satisfactory other than court action.
MR. DUNSMORE: Well, Mr. Stein, I would
like to refer you to the minutes of your last meeting.
We believe that it is on the track and has been on the
track all along. Your record shows, and I have portions
of ^fche transcript with me, that the jurisdiction of this
ete
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215
H. J. Dunsmore
conference as it related to water quality standards
established in Lake Michigan as it related to U. S.
Steel's South Works was in fact met in December 1968.
Now we are continuing with step II, we have called it
Step II, to meet a higher standard, and certainly that
recycle system you saw goes beyond any standard that
anybody has come up with, because there will be no dis-
charge. And so I don't think we are either at cross
purpose or off schedule.
MR. STEIN: You have raised some points,
and since we got back I would like to clarify this since
we have all the parties here.
First as you know, Mr. Dunsmore, I did
not say we would go to a hearing for the second phase of
SWB-15. If that is a violation, it is a violation of
the standard proposed by Illinois and adopted by the Sec •
retary of the Interior. In other words, in the enforce-
ment of water quality standards, we don't go through this
procedure of conference, hearing, and court action, just
a prior 180-day notice, and if necessary we then go to
court on that day. That is why I said that.
But the next point, and I would like Mr.
Poston to pay particular attention because I don't want
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L16
H. J. Dunsmore
to leave here again and get conflicting reports on this,
are we all agreed that United States Steel is in con-
formity with the recommendations of the conference? Is
that your understanding, Mr. Poston?
MR. POSTON: That is not my understanding.
MR. STEIN: Why?
MR. POSTON: I never admitted and never
said that I thought U. S. Steel was in conformance,
because I see oil in the Calumet Harbor, I see the wastes
I even see in Mr. Bacon's report today that U. S. Steel
South Works is putting—and I could read these figures
right here off of his report—United States Steel Com-
pany South Works, pounds per day, the first 6 months
of the year at Calumet Harbor for 1968 was 104,000 pounds
of suspended solids, 37 pounds of phenols, 657 pounds of
cyanide, 41,862 of hexane soluble, 1,000 pounds of ammonia
nitrogen, and they have reduced that from the 1968 figure
in part of the cases, not in phenols,- that has actually
increased and so has the ammonia increased, and I don't
regard them as in compliance.
MR. STEIN: Do you have any comment on
that? Because I went away the last time, Mr. Dunsmore,
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217
H. J. Dunsmore
having the same impression that you had, and then when I
got back I began to get all this contrary information--
that the feeling, at least from the Federal conferee,
was that it was not believed that you were in compliance.
I think we have two points. And by the
way, this may be the subsidiary point. We may cut
through both these points. Let me raise the points and
you take them as you wish.
One, if we can put this in proper posture
I think the next step, we all agree, is that the Illinois
Sanitary Water Board has to review the plans and specs
and act both on the plans and specifications of the pro-
gram and a possible date extension. If we could get
this program in that posture when if it is cleared by
the Sanitary District up to Illinois, I think we will
proceed with the next orderly step.
Now, how can we do that? If we do that,
this may solve that other question. I am not sure it
will. But let me put it this way: If you complete the
work that you have described here, I think you are going
to meet all requirements.
MR. DUWSMORE: Yes, there is no question
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218
H. J. Dunsmore
about it.
MR. STEIN: No question on that. Now,
the question is now can we get this on the track so that
the next agency which should have this now, Illinois, get
that and can act on that in an orderly manner?
MR. DUNSMORE: Well, I will have to give
you my judgment on it, but I think that any person, or
any industry in this case, has to look to his responsible
control agency for this kind of a decision and that in
this case, we believe, is the Metropolitan Sanitary
District. We have consistently met with them and been
in close agreement, they knowing what we were planning
to do and they had passed judgment on what we planned
to do, and at your last meeting, and you will find it on
page 599 of your transcript, Dr. Jerry Stein, who was
then an employee of the Metropolitan Sanitary District,
did state that in his judgment and from the facts that
he had that U. S. Steel South Works was in compliance.
Since that time we have submitted addi-
tional plans to the same control agency and after
extensive engineering review have reached agreement on
Step II, and when they are completed we believe that
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219
H. J. Dunsmore
this will meet any effluent standards that are now on
the books and certainly in the recycle system any that
you could conceive of in the future.
MR. STEIN: All right. Let me try again
If there is—and I think Mr. Bacon isn't here any more,
is he?
MR. EGAN: Yes, he is.
MR. STEIN: Oh, he is? Well, Mr. Bacon,
I think--at least I thought I followed hi.-n very thoroughly
this morning—said the reason that plans had not gone
forward was that he was in the process of negotiation,
and well I know that, being in this business a long time,
and there may have been five different sets of plans thai
went back and forth for a tightening up and establishment
of an agreed-upon operation.
Let me ask a question. Do I understand
it at the present time that you, that is U. S. Steel,
and the Sanitary District are in agreement on these
plans in the form that those plans can be submitted to
Illinois?
MR. DUNSMORE: Can be?
MR. STEIN: Yes.
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^ 220
H. J. Dunsmore
MR. DUNSMORE: Yes.
MR. STEIN: Now, the question then is,
as I again understand it, Mr. Klassen has not formally
received these plans or requests for an extension from
the September 1969 deadline. Is that correct?
MR. DUNSMORE: Well, I wouldn't have a
way of knowing it, but--
MR. KLASSEN: That is correct.
MR. STEIN: Is it? All right. There-
fore, unless someone can state this differently, it
seems to me that if this is the next step in the
procedure; if we are working on this I think we all
agree, local, State, and as the Congress intended,
Federal, you have come to an agreement with the local
agency first. I would encourage in every way and
I am sure U. S. Steel from its past performance would
encourage the State to take action rather than the
Federal action.
Now, the point is, I think, if we are
going to come up with a judgment on this, 1), we have
to determine when these plans and a request is going
to come to Illinois; and 2), if we can at this date
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221
•~— •Limm-iir j_r-r _ii~ _iir l_l__uiM-i_l»l^^iui»»a
H. J. Dunsmore
reasonably expect Illinois in its orderly process to
be able to come up with a considered judgment by Septem-
ber 30 when they have a date running out.
MR. KLASSEN: Do you want an answer to
that?
Well, we will come up with a considered
judgment if we have anything to judge. But lacking that
we have no other alternative than to request our Attorney
General to enforce the September 30, 1969, deadline.
That is where it stands with us.
MR. STEIN: Now again let me direct this
question if I may, if you don't mind, to the District.
One, will the plans and will the request
for the extension, as it has been with Republic, be made
in the case of U. S. Steel to the State of Illinois?
Mr. Bacon?
MR. BACON: This was by telephone reported
to the State Sanitary Water Board immediately following
the Board of Trustees action. Then it was followed up
by an informal--! say informal; we didn't put it before
them real formally yes or no on September 30 for the
simple reason that within the Board of Trustees they
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^ 2_22
H. J. Dunsmore
were still trying to work out a solution within the
judiciary committee and the Board of Trustees so they
could take the action first if possible. By that I mean
that the Board of Trustees could firm up yes or no as
to how they stood on this extension. This is the reason
we kept it in the informal category with the State Sani-
tary Water Board. Well before the September 30, 1969*
deadline we can put it formally and officially in front
of the State Sanitary Water Board. We have been trying
to get an action within our own group that would make
it simpler for the State Sanitary Water Board to then
act.
I don't know if I am coining through to
you loud and clear.
MR. STEIN: You surely are.
MR. BACON: What I am trying to say is we
are trying to solve this decisively within the District.
Failing that we will have it before the State Sanitary
Water Board well in advance of September 30, 1969,
officially. What Mr. Klassen has said is absolutely
accurate^-they have been informational; they have been
somewhat informal simply to keep him advised* and the
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^—P.—•m»^B«m«W««»*V.^_^_H»a«»»^_^«___^^^*«
H. J. Dunsmore
fact that he can't make a decision today and give you a
yes or no rests basically yet with us.
MR. STEIN: I well understand that
because--
MR . BACON: But we are not going to miss
that September 30, 1969, deadline.
MR. STEIN: This is what I want to
make clear on this question of the time fuse. When
it comes to September 30, 1969, Mr. Klassen has
indicated that his date has run out,, and it is a
Federal standard and our date has run out.
This Is the point I want to make.
Any agency — and I would say this for yours as well
as Mr. Klassen's--if you are going to get a request
for an extension you have to- have it in advance in
a reasonable time. If you have foreknowledge of
this, that we are going to have a proposal for
a 1970 date within a reasonable time prior to Sep-
tember 30, 1969, any agency, including Mr. Klassen's
can make a considered Judgment. They can't
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H. J. Dunsmore
have it at the eleventh hour and we can't make a .judgment
on the State's action unless they have a sufficient time
in which to carry out their own program.
This is a pretty complicated proposal and
presumably Mr. Klassen and the staff have to review it
and consider it.
MR. BACON: This is why we gave informal
telephone notice, then formal notice otherwise, so that
he could be getting prepared. I think, Mr. Stein, some
of it revolves around the conference as of today, too,
as to what comes out of this in action.
I think I can speak the sentiments of
the Board, although you have a conferee up there, I
think I am speaking for the whole Board when I am saying
that they are extremely reluctant to grant any extension
of time to anybody. They have made this abundantly
clear. Although on the other hand, certainly we have to
face realities that maybe certain thin'gs can or cannot b«
gotten, and so they have been reluctant to even state
to the State Sanitary Water Board, "We wholeheartedly
recommend this."
I think they look to this conference
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H. J, Dunsmore
somewhat to get its feelings too, because let's not
overlook the fact that we have three basic agencies con-
fronting this problem and I think we want the sentiments
of this group too. And when I say "we" I am speaking
for the Sanitary District and the Board of Trustees.
MR. STEIN: I think^-as a matter of fact
I am sure, I understand you very well. But what is con-
fusing the operation is this, again, when it says:
"These new systems will be placed into
operation as they are completed by December 31> 1970,
in accordance with the Metropolitan Sanitary District
of Chicago timetable."
And I am reading from the U. S. Steel
statement.
Now, with the report or with your state-
ment, Mr. Bacon, of the reluctance of the Board, which
was my understanding, it is surely not in accordance
with the Sanitary District timetable, because you haven't
decided to ask for that extension yet.
MR. BACON: Well, I remind you we have
until September 30, 1969, and we have plenty of time to
work with our colleague State agency to get this done.
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H. J. Dunsmore
I am simply saying I don't think that we are going to
squeeze the State Sanitary Water Board and I don't think
we are going to be squeezed in the Sanitary District
either. We are all well aware of the time available to
make these decisions.
I go back to the point I just made, we
thought and we are looking for some guidance from this
group right here, because this group here reflects the
entire area, Indiana, Illinois, Federal agencies, and
so forth, as to what is being done on a timetable. So
if you are worried about a relationship between the
Illinois State Sanitary Water Board and the Sanitary
District, I think we will have our timetables in order.
MR, STEIN: No, I am not worried about
that in the last question. We are trying to get this
from the Board. The point is that the recommendation--
and, of course, we have to get this from the conferees--
that a December 31, 1970, date for U. S, Steel is not
necessarily now in accordance with the Metropolitan
Sanitary District of Chicago timetable, is it?
MR. BACON: Our timetable is September 30
1969.
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tions?
more?
227
B. A. Poole
MR. STEIN: Thank you.
Are there any further comments or ques-
Mr. Dunsmore, do you want to say any
MR. DUNSMORE: No.
MR. STEIN: All right. Thank you very much
Any other comments from the Board?
May we call on Mr. Poole from Indiana.
Mr. Poole.
BLUCHER A. POOLE, TECHNICAL SECRETARY
INDIANA STREAM POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA
MR. POOLE: Mr. Chairman, at the December
1968 meeting we had five industries that were incomplete,
and I have covered these in the attached brief report
which is being passed out to you.
Adolph Plating Company of East Chicago.
You recall we had ordered Adolph Plating Company to
j
install the necessary works and they had objected to
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228
B. A. Poole
our order and we referred it to the Attorney General.
Judge Felix Kaul on April 23, 19&9, ordered the industry
to obtain materials and equipment for installation of
treatment facilities by September 30, 1969* and complete
construction of the waste treatment facilities approved
by the Indiana Stream Pollution Control Board on or
before March 31, 1970. This court decision was obtained
under action initiated by the Board for enforcement of
its pollution abatement order dated December 5, 19^7 •
The company has ordered all equipment required and shouli
let contracts for construction in the near future.
Steiner Tissue Division, Georgia-Pacific
Corporation, Gary. The waste treatment facilities were
completed during June 1969 and by July 1 the pretreated
wastewater was discharged into the Gary Sanitary Distric'
sewerage system. Completion of construction was delayed
by late delivery of the sludge scraping mechanism for th<
clarifier and completion of the sludge,lagoon. I believ<
we reported that as the difficulty in December.
U. S. Steel Corporation, Gary Sheet &
Tin Mill (now Gary Works West), Gary, The quarterly
progress report dated July 31, 1969, and inspections by
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B. A. Poole
representatives of the Board during late July show that
construction on the lift stations to convey the Sheet
Mill and the Tin Mill to the terminal treatment plant
(6-Stand Tandem Cold Reduction Mill waste treatment
plant) were completed during June 1969. Construction
will start soon on a sewer and lift station to convey
the treatment effluent from the 80-inch Hot Strip Mill
scale pit to the 84-inch Hot Strip Mill filtration
facilities for additional treatment. Table I summarizes
the time schedule and status of construction of each
project. The time schedule that was considered for that
particular part of the Sheet and Tin Mill was March 1,
1970.
U. S. Steel Corporation, Gary Steel Works,
(now Gary Works East), Gary. The quarterly progress
report dated July 31j 19&9, and inspections by repre-
sentatives of my Board during late July show that con-
Gtruction is proceeding very well on the terminal oil
and solids removal basins for the Blast Furnace area,
it is sixty percent complete. The completion date was
December l, 1-969-
And next for sewers, sumps, pumps,
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230
B. A. Poole
piping and terminal oil and solids removal basins for
the Hot Mills area. It is forty-five percent complete.
The date on that was 12-31-69- The oil separators and
facilities for discharge of the wastewater from the
steel making area into the Blast Furnace terminal settlin
basin is proceeding well. Here again the date was
12-31-69 and it is estimated that this is fifty-five
percent complete.
I might add that the coke plant wastes
have been connected to the Gary sewer system and they
are being treated in the Gary activated sludge plant.
Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company, East
Chicago. Construction was completed during February
1969 on the waste treatment facilities for the Buttweld
Mill. The quarterly progress report dated July 30, 1969,
and inspections by representatives of the Board during
late July show that construction is proceeding well on
the central water treatment plant to serve the tin mills
and cold reduced sheet mill for the Blast Furnace
recirculation system and Terminal Lagoon. Table I
summarizes the time schedule and status of each project.
And if you will turn to Table I, which is about the
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B. A. Poole
third page in the table, you will note the Buttweld Mill
pressure filters had a completion date of 12-31-69. They
were completed in February of 1969. And the Hot Rolling
Mills, as I mentioned earlier, had a completion date of
June 30, 1969s and that was met. The other three jobs
are the No. 1 Tin Mill, No. 2 Tin Mill and the No. 2
Cold Reduced Sheet Mill, which is 12-31-69. It is under
construction and estimated ninety percent complete. So
it ought to be done well in advance of the December 1969
deadline.
Blast Furnace area was June 30, 1970,
and it is under construction and estimated at about
eighty percent complete.
And finally, the North Terminal Lagoon,
which is a kind of a catch-all and save-all, with a
deadline of 6-30-70,and it is under construction now
and on schedule.
Inland Steel Company, East Chicago. Con-
struction was completed on the waste treatment facilities
for the new 12-inch Merchant Mill during the first quartejr
of 1969; however, the Mill will not start operation
until the fall of 19°~9. This T emphasized was a new
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232
B. A. Poole
facility. The quarterly progress report dated August k
1969, and inspections by representatives of the Board
during early August show that construction is progressing
very well on the terminal oil and solids removal faciliti
All other scheduled projects have been completed. The
completion date for the terminal oil and solids removal
facility was May 1, 1970. We think that is on schedule.
That is all, Mr. Chairman.
(Table I, to which Mr. Poole referred,
is as follows:)
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TABLE I
Facilities Proposed and Under Construction
Indiana Steel Mills
UNITED STATES STEEL CORPORATION
GARY, INDIANA
Gary Steel Works (Now Gary Works East)
Project
Contaminants to
be removed
Completion
date
Status
Blast Furnace Area - Additional
settling basins for flue dust, oil
separators in power station and
waste segregation
Steel Making Area - Construction of
oil separators and segregation of
wastewater with discharge to the
Blast Furnace area flue dust settling
basin
Hot Mills Area - Construction of
sewers, sumps, pumps, piping and
settling and oil skimming basins
Oil and suspended solids
Oil and suspended solids
Oil and suspended solids
12/1/69 Project is over 60 percent
complete and on schedule
12/31/69 Project is over 55 percent
complete and on schedule
12/31/69 Project is over ^5 percent
complete and on schedule
Gary Sheet and Tin Mill (Now Gary Works West)
_
*Segregated wastewager from the Tin
Mill will be discharged to the
existing 6-Stand Tandem Cold
Reduction Mill (Terminal) treatment
plant
Iron, suspended solids,
free oil, emulsified oil
and BOD
6/30/69 Completed and placed in
service 6/30/69
*The 6-Stand Tandem Cold Reduction Mill (Terminal) treatment plant was expanded to handle the additional waste
flow from the Sheet Mill and Tin Mill.
ro
U)
u>
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TABLE I (continued)
Project
Contaminants to
be removed
Completion
date
Status
Gary Sheet and Tin Mill (Now Gary Works West ) (continued)
*Segregated wastewater from the
Sheet Mill will be discharged to
the existing 6-Stand Tandem Cold
.Reduction Mill (Terminal)
treatment plant
**Wastewater from the 80-inch Hot
Strip Mill scale pits will be
diverted to the 84-inch Hot Strip
Mill filtration plant
Iron, suspended solids,
free oil, emulsified oil
and BOD
6/30/69
Iron, suspended
and oil
solids
3/1/70
Completed and placed in
service 6/30/69
Authorized
*The 6-Stand Tandem Cold Reduction Mill (Terminal) treatment plant was expanded to handle the additional
w aste flow from the Sheet Mill and Tin Mill.
**Studies of the operation of the 8U-inch Hot Strip Mill filtration plant show that the existing filtration
facilities can handle the additional 22,500 gpm from the 80-inch Hot Strip Mill scale pit without expanding
the facilities. Reuse of certain waters reduced the wastewater flow and will permit acceptance of the
additional wastewater through existing facilities.
ro
u>
4=-
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•TABLE I (continued)
YOUNGSTOWN SHEET AND TUBE COMPANY
EAST CHICAGO
Project
Contaminants to
be removed
Completion
date
Status
Butt-weld Mill - Pressure filters
Oil and suspended solids
Hot Rolling Mils - Terminal lagoon Oil and suspended solids
for secondary clarification of
effluent
No. 1 Tin Mill, No. 2 Tin Mill
and Mo. 2 Cold Reduced Sheet Mill -
A central waste-water treatment
plant for chemical treatment of
oils and suspended solids.
Blast Furnace - Sewers, sumps,
and pumps to collect and recirculate
all clarified waste from the blast
furnace. No discharge to the
receiving stream .
North Lagoon - A settling lagoon
to collect treated wastewater from
the No. 5 Stand of the Tandem
Rolling Mill, sewer No. 23 and the
No. 3 Hot Strip Mill. All effluent
from the lagoon will be recirculated.
No discharge to the receiving stream.
Oil and suspended solids
Cyanide, oil and suspended
solids
Oil and suspended solids
12/31/69 Completed rnd placed in
operation 2/5/69
6/30/69 Placed in operation on
6/30/69. Additional oil
skimming equipment will not
be delivered until November
1969
12/31/69 Under construction (90 percent
completed)
6/30/70 Under construction (80 percent
completed)
6/30/70 Under construction and on
schedule
to
to
vn
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TABLELI (continued)
INLAND STEEL COMPANY
EAST CHICAGO
Project
Contaminant to
be removed
Completion
date
Status
Terminal settling and oil
skimming basin
Oil, suspended solids
and iron
5/1/70
Under construction and.on
schedule
ro
U)
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2_37
B. A. Poole
MR. STEIN: Thank you.
Are there any comments or questions?
In case you think there isn't progress
being made, I will say this is a very good progress
report. The reason is that this is the face of the
program and how this happens, as you know, meeting
after meeting Adolph Plating was recalcitrant and
not moving. Indiana took them to court; they are
moving.
The Steiner Tissue Company has been
completed and several of the other mills in Indiana
are on stream and they are all pretty much on
schedule.
So, again, while we place a lot of
emphasis on certain discharges from time to time,
we should not forget the general picture in the
area in which we are moving with mill after mill.
As you can see from this latest Indiana report we
have, the list of any noncompliers or alleged non-
compliers gets smaller each time. That is what we
have to keep our eye on and on narrowing this list.
Thank you very much, Mr. Poole.
May we hear from Mr. Klassen on Illinois,
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C. ¥. Klassen
Mr. Klassen.
CLARENCE W. KLASSEN, TECHNICAL SECRETARY
ILLINOIS SANITARY WATER BOARD
SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS
MR. KLASSEN: Mr. Chairman, referring to
the area within the conference area coining under the
Jurisdiction of the Illinois Sanitary Water Board:
American Agricultural Chemical in Chicago
Heights. This company is now in compliance with the
provisions of the enforcement conference. They have
annexed the property to the Sanitary District of Bloom
Township. They have made the connections to the Sanitary
District plant of Bloom Township and the Sanitary sewer
system. The new and the expanded plant of the Bloom
Township Sanitary District will be completed in about
thirty days or by the end of September.
Midwest Forging and Manufacturing Company
in Chicago Heights. This company is in compliance with
the provisions of the enforcement conference. The com-
pany has installed a closed neutralization system. An
oil bath system is closed with no connection to the storn
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239
C. W. Klassen
sewer tributaries to the waters of the State.
Referring to the State Street Ditch or
the storm sewer that was involved, the Stauffer Chemical
Company at Chicago Heights is in compliance with the
provision of the enforcement conference. All discharge
to the storm sewer tributary to the State street Ditch
has been eliminated. Since any waste discharged from the
Stauffer Chemical to the ditch would be the result of
equipment malfunctioning or accidental spills, to safe-
guard against this the company is sealing all floor
drains which would carry flow from the spills to the
storm sewer.
Calumet Steel, Chicago Heights, is in
compliance. Previously the mill scale waste was dis-
charged through settling basins to the storm sewer. The
Calumet Steel has completed a project to close this
system and is now recycling all of their water.
In its operation this summer they found
that during hot weather there was an increase in the hot
water in their recirculation system which required at
times to bleed off a small amount of warm water for makeu
To correct this particular situation, the company is
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240
C. ¥. Klassen
installing cooling towers so that this will be in
operation and this will not take place during the next
warm weather season.
All of the other municipal plants within
the jurisdiction of the Sanitary Water Board in this
area as previously listed in the conference are all in
compliance.
MR. STEIN: Thank you, Mr. Klassen.
Any comment or question?
If not, thank you very much--
MR. DUNSMORE: Mr. Stein.
MR. STEIN: Yes.
MR. DUNSMORE: May I ask Mr. Klassen a
question?
MR. STEIN: Yes, go right ahead.
MR. DUNSMORE: In view of what you have
stated about U. S. Steel's plans, do you want us to
transmit to you a copy of our plans and our work schedule
that has been transmitted to the Metropolitan Sanitary
District?
MR. KLASSEN: No. The prime responsibilit
for enforcement, as you and the Sanitary District have
-------
C. W. Klassen
stated, is the Metropolitan Sanitary District of Chicago
and it is that agency that should transmit any requests
for extensions or any plans that they want us to review.
MR. DUNSMORE: All right. Well, I would
like to at least leave it that we have plans that we are
willing to submit if you have any desire for them.
MR. KLASSEN: Thank you.
MR. STEIN: Are there any other comments
or questions?
If not, thank you.
Again let me indicate with both the State
reports and the reports we have gotten from the steel
companies--! hope we will get this from the Federal
installations—this is a situation that I don't think
we have really had before, at least with our schedule,
which is on the encouraging side. That is I see not
one of these places where there is no progress. I
don't mean when I say no progress that they are not
doing anything. There are no recalcitrants here.
Every one of these sources is moving ahead with a
remedial program as outlined by the conferees, by the
State and the local agencies. The sole question in some
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^ 242
M. Garnet
of the cases is date and I think this is the first time
we could have said this from the reports we have gotten.
You remember, you people who have been with us, that when
we first started the progress seemed very slot-;, then a fe
began to move. But now I think, unless there is a slippag
•we have 100 percent movement, which is quite something.
Mr. Poston, do you want to call the Pedera
installations now or not?
MR. POSTON: Yes, sir.
Mr. Garnet has a very brief report on
Federal installations which covers all of those in this
area.
MR. STEIN: I hope the record doesn't fall
down here.
MERRILL GAMET, CHIEF
FEDERAL ACTIVITIES COORDINATIONS BRANCH
FWPCA, GREAT LAKES REGION, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
MR. GAMET: Mr. Chairman, conferees, ladie
and gentlemen.
My name is Merrill Garnet. I am Chief of
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— ; 24.
M. Garnet
the Federal Activities Coordinations Branch of the Federa
Water Pollution Control Administration., Great Lakes,
Region.
The status of compliance of Federal
installations with the recommendations of this conference
was last reported to the conferees at the January 29,
1969, reconvened session. At that time it was reported
that all installations in the conference area were in
compliance with the conferees' recommendations, and
there has been no reported change in the status of such
compliance. These installations are as follows:
U. S. Coast Guard, Indiana Harbor Light
Station;
General Services Administration, DMS
Depot, Hammond, Indiana;
Naval Reserve Training Center, Gary,
Indiana;
Corps of Engineers, T. J. O'Brien Lock
& Dam;
U. S. Army, NIKE Missile Sites:
CG-47, Wheeler, Indiana (closed
since last conference)
CG-32, Chesterton, Indiana
CG-45* Gary, Indiana
CG-46, Munster, Indiana
-------
M. Garnet
Continued surveillance will be conducted
on a periodic basis to insure that these installations
remain in compliance with the conference summary.
Federal vessels have not previously been
reported at the Calumet Area Enforcement Conference. The
following is a brief report on vessels in the Calumet
Enforcement Conference area:
(a) The Corps of Engineers Hopper Dredge
"HOFFMAN" will perform dredging operations in the Calumet
River from about September 4 to November 22,, 1969.
Selected areas will be dredged from about 130th Street
to the Turning Basin. Dredged materials will be depositel
in an alternate spoil area near 130th Street. This float
ing plant with forty-four crew members has a holding tank
which discharges overboard with no treatment. Funds have
been requested by the Corps for fiscal year 1970 to install
secondary treatment facilities. It is recommended that
until such time as adequate treatment facilities are
installed, the Corps of Engineers engage the services of
a private contractor to pump out the holding tank as
needed.
(b) The Corps of Engineers Tug "MOORE"
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- . 245
M. Garnet
visits the Calumet Enforcement Conference area inter-
mittently on survey duty. The area visited is from the
O'Brien Lock & Dam to Calumet Harbor. This vessel is
equipped with a macerator/chlorinator. It has been
reported by the Corps of Engineers that this equipment
has proven to be unsatisfactory, because of frequent
malfunctions. The Chief of Engineers office is presently
evaluating other types of waste treatment or holding
equipment. As soon as a decision is reached regarding
adequacy and economic feasibility, a directive will be
issued to replace macerator/chlorinators on all vessels
now equipped with these units.
This concludes the report.
MR. STEIN: Any questions or comments?
Well, let me start. I thought we came up
with the notion that on the lakes we would have closed
systems on the boats, all the States went along with it.
Is that correct?
MR. GAMET: It is correct, except that all
Corps of Engineer vessels, as I think most everybody is
aware, are equipped with macerator/chlorinators, that is
most of them.
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2 4 5-A
M. Garnet
MR. STEIN: Let's get out to the first
one, the HOFFMAN. That has a closed system. As I
understand it, the proposal is not to have the closed
system and pump it out but to put in a secondary treat-
ment plant.
In other words, you are asking the
HOFFMAN to do something that we and the conferees agreed
we weren't going to do in the Great Lakes?
MR. GAMET: No, the Corps of Engineers
has planned — they have already installed on another
dredge known as the MARKHAM an extended aeration or
package treatment plant on that floating plant, which is
in process of testing and evaluation at the present time.
The Corps is requesting funds for installing the same
or similar type of equipment on all floating plants of
the same type. I can't tell you how many vessels there
are involved.
MR. STEIN: This just compounds it. What
do they do with the effluent from that?
MR. GAMET: The effluent, I presume, after
treatment by the extended aeration or package treatment
plant plus chlorination would be discharged.
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246
-
M. Garnet
MR. STEIN: Well, it is going to contain
nutrients and this was precisely the subject of dis-
cussions here over and over again where we and all the
Great Lakes States, both of Michigan and Erie, agreed
that we wouldn't go for this. And is this the kind of
thing we are doing in our own Federal boat program?
MR. GAMET: Well, the Corps of Engineers
has this in progress at the present time and--
MR. STEIN: Did you call the recommenda-
tion of the conferees to the attention of the Corps?
MR. GAMET: We have called it to their
attention, yes, sir.
MR. STEIN: Well, I think I will make the
recommendation on this we had better start doing our own
homework on this one, because I can't see making a
recommendation like that and going along with this and
putting this in as, quote, a progress report. This may
be going backwards.
MR. KLASSEN: I have got a more practical
suggestion, Mr. Chairman, than recommendation, because
as of January 1, 1970, they will be in violation of the
Illinois Sanitary Water Board rules and regulations that
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24?
M. Garnet
prohibit this type, and we will take suitable action
against the Federal Government. (Laughter and Applause.
MR. STEIN: I wish you hadn't said that,
Mr. Klassen, because, you know, on the matter of prin-
ciple, I would have to argue you had no jurisdiction and
I think I could win. I would like them to clean up, but
you really can't do that.
MR. KLASSEW: We can try.
MR. STEIN: I know, you can try.
{Laughter.)
But I really do think, Mr. Garnet, we have
to get to work on this.
MR. GAMET: I agree 100 percent.
-MR. STEIN: All right.
Mr. Poston, can we have your assurance we
are going to do this?
MR. POSTON: You have that.
MR. STEIN: I really can't see how we
can live with this.
All right. Are there any other comments
or questions?
If not, let's see if we can get on with
a summary.
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248
SUMMARY
MR. STEIN: I do think in this conference,
one, that the conferees have some work to do with their
own vessels in the Great Lakes; and if we are going to
have sealed systems and no discharge from heads on boats,
this should be as applicable to the Federal boats as to
other boats on the lake.
Number two, we have accepted the reports
both from Indiana and Illinois and the Sanitary Dis-
trict. All of the installations are either moving
under court order or they are in compliance with
schedules previously brought forward and agreed on
by the conferees from both Indiana and Illinois and
endorsed by the conferees, with the following exceptions:
The Sanitary District reports that
there are several companies not in compliance with
the effluent criteria, that is Gulf Oil, Gargill
Corporation, Catalin Corporation, Ford Motor Company,
Interlake Steel Company Chicago plant and Wisconsin
1 Steel Company. I think the Sanitary District has also
indicated that it has a very active program to secure
such compliance, that it has taken active action in
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249
SUMMARY
case, that it has taken the kind of action which it seem
to me is the most they can do under applicable law and
regulations and the standards that we have. And as far
as those corporations--! throw this out for the consid-
eration of the conferees--while we may consider these
companies in technical noncompliance, I think we should
endorse the program of the Sanitary District vis-a-vis
these companies and if the date of the program that was
indicated here is missed that we may take that up again,
Does anybody believe they are not taking
effective action toward them?
If not, then let us move on that.
Now, we do have the situation with the
Republic Steel Corporation and the United States Steel
Corporation South Works. Both of these corporations
have an outstanding date of September 30, 1969, to com-
plete their works at the present time. I think it is
fair to say, in view of the facts adduced here, that
these works will not be completed in any event, what-
ever is done by that date, by 1969.
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250
SUMMARY
In the case of Republic Steel, the
Sanitary District of Chicago has reviewed the plans
and forwarded these plans to the Illinois Sanitary Water
Board with a recommendation that an extension until
December 30, 1970, be authorized. Illinois has looked
over the plans from a technical point of view and has
indicated that the construction of these works, in its
opinion, would produce the kind of water quality it requires
and had sent t hem forward to the Department of the
Interior and they have been adopted by the Secretary of the
Interior. The compliance with this would also put
"Republic Steel Corporation in accord with the recommen-
dations and requirements of this conference. The Illi-
nois Board has not, however, yet acted on this request
for an extension in line with its policy not to act
on such requests until the date of expiration comes up.
I think we possibly have one or two
proposals : 1 ) unless Illinois requests the Federal
Government to take action, we should wait for Illinois
to act. Now, Illinois presumably can do one of two
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25_l
SUMMARY
major things—and this is not to preclude their judg-
ment—either they are going to grant an extension or a
modification of that or not grant an extension. If
they do not grant an extension, then I think Illinois
has made its position clear,both from the administrative
agency and the Attorney General's office, if someone is
in noncompliance the State agency will institute action
under State law to comply. I think we in the Federal
Government—and I just put this out--would encourage
Illinois to do that. ¥e certainly would not want to
displace Illinois. And the question here is if they
are in noncompliance whether we will join Illinois or
start a companion suit of the Federal Government.
However, if Illinois does grant an ex-
tension to Republic Steel, I think this should be made
known to the conferees. The conferees would get togethe
to make a determination of what we were going to do with
this and whether we were going to recommend that the
Secretary take action or go along with this extension.
I think the facts of the situation are that if a recom-
mendation for an extension comes forward under the
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252
——————_______^_
SUMMARY
procedure you have heard, the request would have to be
made by the Sanitary District, so this would be one
conferee, and approved by the Illinois State agency,
which would be another conferee. And if their Judgment
is made, then this would have to be put forward under
our procedure to the Indiana and the Federal conferee
to see if they agreed to it and made this recommenda-
tion .
I think if nothing happens by Septem -
ber 30,in any event, and there could be some inaction,
that there would be a violation of the Federal standard
as wellj and at least the proposal I would put out to
you, Mr. Poston, I would see no alternative than the com
pany being in violation of the Federal requirement and
we recommend particular action in that case. And cer-
tainly if the State feels that it wants us to handle it
after September 30 that would be the point.
Now, the next problem we come to is U.
S. Steel. As I understand it, there has not been a
request from the Sanitary District to Indiana for an
extension of U. S. Steel.
-------
, .2.53,
SUMMARY
MR. POOLE: Illinois, Mr. Chairman.
MR. STEIN: Illinois. I stand corrected,
sir. I am traveling east.
Illinois has not been requested. It
has been indicated that given the relationships of the
Sanitary District and Illinois that the procedural
matters can be overcome and a determination might be
made by Illinois by September 30, or the first meeting
after September 30, as to whether that extension would
be made or not the first time they can bring it up
under regular business, and this goes for both cases.
If Illinois would grant an extension to
U.S. Steel, again this matter would be taken up by the
conferees. If Illinois did not grant an extension,
Illinois has indicated that it would institute appro-
priate action, and if Illinois did nothing I think I
have indicated tnat the Federal Government would have
an obligation. In any event, if the States wanted the
Federal Government to intervene in these cases and take
action, and we could only do it if a date were violated,
this State would only have to make that clear and the
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254
SUMMARY
Federal Government would do it.
Now, I don't want to put a black mark on
this, because I don't want to get this case out of per-
spective. What we are dealing with here is the windup
of probably the biggest municipal-industrial cleanup in
the country. What we are dealing with are companies, in
the case of Republic Steel and U. S. Steel, who have
spent a vast amount of time and money and have come
forth with detailed plans and specifications that are
going to do the job.
The sole question we have here is the
time that they are going to do the .job, and what we are
in a sense dealing with is a timetable which might be
two years beyond the original date.
Now, I would like to point out to the
conferees and the people here that the conferees already
have endorsed, specifically and not just tacitly, sev-
eral dates beyond that December 1968 date, and in re-
viewing the reports we have seen these come in. There
are a series of industries in Indiana which are going
to be completed beyond the December 1968 date.
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255
SUMMARY
There are also. In addition to the two
industries I have mentioned, a series of six industries
that Mr. Bacon outlined this morning, and I repeated,
which I suggested here if the conferees will agree we
might consider just in technical noncompliance and feel
that they have an active program to clean up.
So I would not like this taken out of
perspective, since the situation with U. S. Steel and
with Republic Steel on these dates Is still under con-
sideration-- that they are the only two industries in
the area of what we consider an eminently successful
program for which the date of December 1968 has not been
met.
This is, I know, going to be a very
serious consideration or decision for all the agencies
concerned. I know the Sanitary District is going to hav<
to make a decision on what they are going to ask Illi-
nois. I know Illinois is going to have to make this
decision on what they are going to do about the request,
certainly the request they have on Republic and if they feet
a request on U.S. Steel.And the Federal Government is
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256
SUMMARY
going to have to make a determination on what to do once
Illinois acts or the September 30 date passes.
I think it behooves all concerned, the
industries, the regulatory agencies, and the others
concerned to try to work with this and follow this on
a step-by-step basis, and this is when procedure is going
to pay off. It is something like one of these national
conventions you see. Somehow a decision comes out if
you follow the procedure. I think we have outlined with
particularity what the situation is; all the facts have
been laid bare herej and I would suggest that that be
the summary and we carefully follow the procedure. Now fc
recap. Mr. Poston will get to work on these boats and
see if they can be brought in compliance with the rest
of the operation. The conferees will consider the six
industries named by Mr. Bacon to be possibly in technica
noncompliance but that the State has a very active pro-
gram to do this. And we will seek future reports on
whether these States have complied.
We will wait until the meeting after
September 30 or the appropriate meeting of the Illinoi:
r a
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257
SUMMARY
Water Board for its action or inaction on United State
Steel and Republic Steel. If there is a recommenda-
tion for an extension we will take this up with the con-
ferees to see if they will endorse it. If there is a
recommendation for a nonextension, the State of Illinois
will take action and the Federal representatives will
take it up with the people in Washington to see if we
will join or have a suit with Illinois. If no action
is taken, the Federal people will make a recommendation
on action under Federal law to seek compliance.
We will ask the technical committee--best
things are covered last and that is where, really, the
work is going to be done—we will ask the technical
committee to have within the hands of the conferees in
the next four months a detailed report on its prognosis-
and don't wait until you perfect this, because we are
going to have to start working on this—a detailed
report on its prognosis of whether the remedial program
under way is going to produce the water quality which
we expect. If it is not, its recommendations for im-
proving that. Once that gets into the hands of the
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258
SUMMARY
conferees and their technical staff., we would ask your
careful review, and hopefully when we get back next time
on this we will be in complete agreement on the technica
facts involved—there should be no disagreement on that-
because if we are going to make an adjustment on the
program and it is not going to work, we should do it now
Are there any other comments or questions
Now--
ME. SPEARS: Mr. Chairman, I requested
an opportunity to make a statement this morning. My
name is Lawrence Spears.
MR. STEIN: All right, I will let you
make a statement. Just a moment.
MR. SPEARS: Thank you.
MR. STEIN: Are there any other comments
or questions?
If not, will you come up, Mr. Spears.
MR. SPEARS: Thank you.
MR. KLASSEN: We ought to know who he is
representing.
MR. STEIN: Will you identify yourself
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259
L. E>. Spears
and who you are going to represent., sir?
MR. SPEARS: Yes.
LAWRENCE D. SPEARS
BUSINESSMEN FOR PUBLIC INTEREST
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
MR. SPEARS: My name is Lawrence D.
Spears. I am a student at the University of Chicago
law school and a resident of Hyde Park in Chicago.
This statement will be very short.
Conferees, ladies and gentlemen.
Those industries found to be demonstrating
good faith in attempting to comply with the conference
deadlines were granted extensions at the last meeting of
this conference. The conferees rather clearly felt neithe
Republic nor U. S. Steel had shown good faith. It may
well be that because of earlier delays it is no longer
practicable to control pollution from these two plants
before the date they now propose, December 31, 1970, for
both Republic and U. S. Steel. But the conference ought
to be very sure that these schedules cannot be accelerated
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_.. >__ 260
L. D. Spears
before approving them in any sense.
For example, U. S. Steel's settlement in
the Metropolitan Sanitary District suit shows that the
November 1971 date proposed to the conference last
January was more lenient than necessary. This indicates
the question of candor on the part of U. S. steel.
Further, the conference should consider
ordering a partial shutdown closing those parts of any
plant that are not in compliance and recommending that
the United States Government itself purchase no steel
from these companies so long as they are in violation.
Moreover, the conference ought to assure
compliance with the proposed new schedules by requiring
the companies to post substantial performance bonds
providing for the forfeiture of, say, $10,000 per day in
the case of default. If these companies are confident
that they can comply with the dates that are proposed,
they should have no objection to posting these bonds
for they will never pay them. But experience in the past
has shown that these companies go from one date to the ne^t
having confidence each time that they will be given
extensions of the schedule, as has been indicated here
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261
L. D. Spears
today.
Moreover, the apparently callous dis-
regard of conference recommendations ought not to go
unpunished. The conference should ask the Illinois
Attorney General under powers granted to him by the
statute in June of 1969 to prosecute the two companies
for polluting the water and to seek the imposition of
substantial fines. Without penalties, a polluter is
likely to feel that he can ignore the conference as
Republic and U. 3. Steel seem to have done with impunity,
Finally, the conference should be asked
to forbid all discharges to Lake Michigan. The lake is
uniquely valuable for recreation, water supply and other
uses requiring clean water, and because of its extremely
low outflow it is uniquely hard to clean after wastes
have been dumped into it.
It is clear that there has been a demon-
strated lack of good faith with the people of Chicago
both by Republic and U. S. Steel. It is clear that no
attempt has been made to offer overtime in order to
accelerate the schedules for compliance of these two
companies.
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L. D. Spears
Second, the negotiations with U. S.
Steel, they have not submitted specific plans for how
they will comply with the guidelines of this conference.
Both of these companies have confidence that the State
agencies involved and this conference will at the
appropriate time give them extensions. At the end of
those new schedules they will give them continued
extensions. This confidence was demonstrated clearly todjay,
There is also a lack of respect for these
conferees. The lack of detailed information by the
steel companies, assuming that slides are sufficient
information in lieu of technical data, and the lack of
specific plans and the fact that they have not as yet
requested the appropriate State agencies within a month
of the deadline, understanding that they have complete
confidence that these agencies will simply agree to thosi
extensions without further ado.
Thank you.
(Applause.)
MR. STEIN: Thank you, Mr. Spears, for
your comments.
You know, I am going to say something,
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Murray Stein
and I hope the group that is here and I know is trying
to work on this will just listen to this for awhile,
because we all want water pollution control and if we
talk in certain senses at cross purposes we are just not
going to get it.
One, the U. S. Steel and Republic have
given detailed plans which we can understand. They
weren't in those slides. They can be inspected in the
offices. The kind of reports they have are meaningful
to the conferees up here.
Now, if you have been attending the
conferences through the years, you know that the one
thing I have been after people about is the sketchi-
ness of plans and reports. The point is, again — and
we have done this in other places, and you have seen
plant after plant built--both in this experience and
past experience the record shows that when U. S.
Steel or Republic says they are going to do something
that they are going to do it. They produce and they
| do it and the plans are detailed.
The next thing you talk about, and once
we start on this it is very hard to get together, there
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Murray Stein
has been no implication here that anyone acted in bad
faith. It is the easiest kind of thing to turn the
metaphysics into the reality. When we talk about good
faith or bad faith, we generally talk about a person.
If you are going to equate that with a corporation and
attempt to use those terms when they are making corporate
decisions or if you think there is a cabal or a conspirac
and government is run that way and there is a conspiracy
among the conferees, you are never going to get anywhere.
But you can always explain, you can always explain these
events that way.
Let me tell you the way I see it here.
We have dealt with a very complicated case in this area.
We have moved forward in cleaning up this case, and I
think the record will show we have made faster progress
here in a very complicated situation than was done any-
where else in the country. We have moved since 1965
getting the bulk of the industry cleaned up, we are
cleaning up the last ends of it. It always gets a little
tricky or a little messy because we don't march in
goosestep together. I wish we could throw a switch on
each plant the same day and get them all operating, but
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Murray Stein
we don't work that way in a democracy.
But what bothers me, gentlemen, is this.
When we finally get the case where hundreds of millions
of dollars are spent, where we are getting 100
percent compliance and the industries and the municipal-
ities are going, if we keep getting cries of bad faith,
whatever the reason, and you may push for a closer date
or higher treatment or anything of that kind, but if we
get in a situation like this with cries of bad faith,
I don't know how we are going to work in a democratic
society this way.
I think the answer in here is this. While
goodness knows, I may have had differences through the
years with Mr. Klassen, with the representatives of U.S.
Steel, with the representatives of Republic Steel, with
Mr. Poole, and even my Regional Director here, Mr. Boston
never once did I think that any one of those people was
guilty of bad faith. And I hope that they did not con-
sider I was guilty of bad faith.
Let me again try to give you this. And
you know, the last speaker was from the law school. The
Attorney from Republic Steel is here, Mr. Pitts, who is
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Murray Stein
a very highly respected member of the bar. We have had
many differences through the years, but we have kept
talking to each other. if v/e ever had the notion that
either one was not dealing in a thoroughly professional
manner or was dealing in bad faith, we would not have
been able to move the way we have through the power of
negotiation.
And I say to this group who is here now,
please, please try to think of this as a democratic
process in action. You are not dealing with alien
enemies who want to destroy you. You are dealing with
people who are citizens of your own country, who are as
firmly committed to the democratic process as you are,
and who may have a different point of view. The magic
is that we can get an accommodation in processes like
these. And I hope we are not going to let that break
down.
Are there any other comments or questions?
If not, thank you all for coming and we
will stand adjourned.
(Whereupon, at 4:00 p.m., the conference
was adjourned.)
The following document was submitted
after the close of the conference.)
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STATEMENT OF CONGRESSMAN EDWARD J. DERWINSKE (ILL. - ^TH DIST. )
AT CALUMET AREA FEDERAL-STATE ENFORCEMENT CONFERENCE
August 26, 1969
Mr. Chairman:
I welcome this opportunity to participate in the Calumet Area
Federal-State Enforcement Conferenceto resolve cleanup dates for two
major industrial polluters of Lake Michigan and its tributaries.
First, as a legislator may I remind you of my introduction of
H.R. 3263, to allow an incentive tax credit for a part of the cost of
constructing or otherwise providing facilities for the control of water
or air pollution and to permit the amortization of such cost within a period
of from one to five years.
Water pollution has become a major problem across the country and
the answer lies in giving this question major priority in the Federal budget.
News reports have accurately described the buck-passing routine between
Federal, State and Sanitary District authorities and their counterparts in
other states bordering on Lake Michigan,,
The public's interest must be protected at all costs and this requires
not only proper Federal financing, but complete coordination wit1- local, state
and regional authorities. In addition, a substantial amount of funds for
water and air pollution control devices must come from private industry.
It is my feeling that where local and state governments can move
effectively and quickly to abate pollution they should do so. Where state
and local authorities fail to move or do not achieve abatement, then the
Federal Government will do so.
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-2-
In o-ur area "basic jurisdiction lies with the Metropolitan Sanitary
District and they are the key to the coordination which must he achieved
between Federal state and local authorities.
I wish to assure participants in the Conference that concern over
the problem of water and air pollution is receiving priority attention from
Federal officials, and that Congress recognizes that measures in this vital
field are long overdue.
Dae challenge is clear. I trust that the results of this Conference
•will be a constructive attack on the water pollution problems in the Calumet
region.
U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1970 O - 373-553
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