oEPA
         United States
         Environmental Protection
         Agency
          Industrial Environmental Research
          Laboratory
          Research Triangle Park NC 27711
EPA-600/7-79-231a
October 1979
Environmental Standards
for Coal Conversion
Processes. Volume I. Most
Stringent,  Federal, and
Selected State
Regulations

Interagency
Energy/Environment
R&D Program Report

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                 RESEARCH REPORTING SERIES


Research reports of the Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, have been grouped into nine series. These nine broad cate-
gories were established to facilitate further development and application of en-
vironmental technology. Elimination  of traditional  grouping  was consciously
planned to foster technology transfer and a maximum interface in related fields.
The nine series are:

    1. Environmental Health Effects Research

    2. Environmental Protection Technology

    3. Ecological Research

    4. Environmental Monitoring

    5. Socioeconomic Environmental  Studies

    6. Scientific and Technical Assessment Reports  (STAR)

    7. Interagency Energy-Environment Research and Development

    8. "Special" Reports

    9. Miscellaneous Reports

This report has been assigned to the INTERAGENCY ENERGY-ENVIRONMENT
RESEARCH AND  DEVELOPMENT series. Reports in this series result from the
effort funded  under  the  17-agency Federal  Energy/Environment Research and
Development Program. These studies relate to EPA's mission to protect the public
health and welfare from  adverse effects of pollutants  associated with energy sys-
tems. The goal of the Program  is to assure the rapid development of  domestic
energy supplies in an environmentally-compatible manner by providing the nec-
essary environmental data and control technology. Investigations include analy-
ses of the transport of energy-related pollutants and their health and ecological
effects; assessments of,  and development of, control technologies for energy
systems; and integrated assessments of a wide range of energy-related environ-
mental  issues.
                       EPA REVIEW NOTICE
This report has been reviewed by the participating Federal Agencies, and approved
for  publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect
the  views and policies of the Government, nor does mention of trade names or
commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.

This document is available to the public through the National Technical Informa-
tion Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161.

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                                     EPA-600/7-79-231a

                                            October 1979
    Environmental Standards for  Coal
Conversion Processes. Volume I.  Most
     Stringent, Federal, and Selected
               State Regulations
                          by

                  O.K. Webber and D.E. Whittaker

                      Pullman Kellogg
                 16200 Park Row, Industrial Park Ten
                     Houston, Texas 77084
                    Contract No. 68-02-2198
                  Program Element No. EHE623A
                EPA Project Officer: Robert A. McAllister

              Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory
            Office of Environmental Engineering and Technology
                  Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
                       Prepared for

              U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                 Office of Research and Development
                    Washington, DC 20460

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                           . Foreword
     The intent of this report is  to  provide  those working  in  the
engineering areas of multimedia environmental  control  an  awareness
of the types and breadth of regulations  and criteria  that have been
and will be implemented.  The information contains an engineering
interpretation of some of the more stringent  standards in the  U.  S.,
Canada, and Mexico.  This is intended to aid  process  designers in
their efforts to design environmentally improved facilities.   The
information is not intended to be a definitive summary or an exhaus-
tive listing.  Nor, is the report able to reflect accurately the
current status of regulations because of on-going additions or
changes.

     The reader must constantly be aware that this text will have
the above  limitations, and due to summarization may not always re-
flect  the  true  intent  of  specific regulations.

     Regulations  and legal notices by the  U.S. Federal Agencies
are  published by  the Office  of Federal  Registar, National  Archives
and  Record Service,  General  Service  Administration, Washington, D.C.
20408.  The Federal  Registar's  publication should be  referred to
for  the official  full  text document. For the State  and  non-U.S.
standards  the appropriate official full text documentation should
also be consulted.
                                  ii

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                    TABLE OF CONTENTS
       Foreword                                        ii

       Abstract                                      viii

   I.  Introduction                                     1

  II.  Objectives of the Survey                         1

 III.  Basis for Jurisdictional Selection               2

  IV.  Jurisdictional Selection                         4

   V.  Method of Information Acquisition                5

  VI.  Specific Environmental Areas Covered.             7
       Comments
                                       i
 VII.  Summary of Most Stringent Water Quality         11
       Standards

VIII.  Summary of Most Stringent Air Quality           18
       Standards

  IX.  Environmental Protection Agency - Effluent      59
       Guidelines and Standards

         Coal Mining Point Source Category -           59
         Present Rules

         Coal Mining Point Source Category -           60
         Proposed Rules

         Petroleum Refining Point Source Category      62

         Secondary Treatment Information               62

         Safe Drinking Water Act                       63

         Pre-Treatment Standards                       65

         National Pollutant Discharge Elimination      65
         Systems Permit

         Proposed EPA Regulations on                   66
         Hazardous Substances
                           iii

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                TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont.)

                                                      Page

         Guidelines for the Land Disposal of           67
         Solid Wastes

         Solid Waste Disposal Act as Amended           69

   X.  National Interim Primary Drinking               70
       Water Regulations

  XI.  U. S. Public Health Service Drinking            73
       Water Standards.  1962

 XII.  Federal Emission Standards - Standards          75
       of Performance for Stationary Sources

         Coal Preparation Plants                       75

         Fossil-Fuel Fired Steam Generators            75

         Incinerators                                  77

         Storage Vessels for Petroleum Liquids         78

         Petroleum Refineries                          79

         Stationary Gas Turbines                       81

XIII.  National Emission Standards for                 84
       Hazardous Air Pollutants

 XIV.  National Ambient Air Quality Standards          86

         State Ambient Air Standards Closely           87
         Paralleling National Standards

         State Ambient Air Standards Differing from    92
         National Standards

  XV.  Standards of Selected States                   100

         Alabama Standards for:       Water           100

                                      Air             104

                                      Solid Wastes    118

         Alaska Standards for:        Water           120

                                      Air             124

                                      Solid Wastes    127
                           iv

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       TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont.)
Colorado Standards for:
Idaho Standards for:
Illinois Standards for:
Indiana Standards for:
Kansas Standards for:
Kentucky Standards for:
Missouri Standards for:
Montana Standards for:
                Page
Water           129
Air             131
Solid Wastes    149
Water           151
Air             155
Solid Wastes    161
Water           163
Air             170
Solid Wastes    180
Water           182
Air             185
Solid Wastes    199
Water           201
Air             205
                   %
Solid Wastes    212
Water           215
Air             218
Solid Wastes    227
Water           230
Air             234
Solid Wastes    242
Water           244
Air             247
Solid Wastes    254

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                  TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont.)

Volume II.  Selected State, Mexican, and
            Canadian Regulations
            Foreword
            Abstract
              New Mexico  Standards  for:   Water
                                          Air
                                          Solid Wastes
              North Dakota Standards  for: Water
                                          Air
                                          Solid Wastes
               Ohio Standards for:         Water
                                          Air
                                           Solid  Wastes
               Oklahoma Standards for:     Water
                                           Air
                                           Solid Wastes
               Pennsylvania  Standards for: Water
                                           Air
                                           Solid Wastes
               Tennessee  Standards for:    Water
                                           Air
                                            Solid Wastes
                Texas Standards for:        Water
                                            Air
                                            Solid Wastes
                Utah Standards for:         Water
                                            Air
                                            Solid Wastes
                                    vi
  ii
viii
 257
 261
 273
 274
 280
 293
 302
  307
  320
  321
  329
  342
  345
  352
  360
  366
  373
  381
  384
  390
   406
   408
   411
   415

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                    TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont.)
Vol. n (Cont.)                                              Pa?e.
             Virginia Standards for:       Water           417
                                          Air             421
                                          Solid Wastes    426
             Washington Standards for:     Water           428
                                          Air             436
                                          Solid Wastes    441
             West Virginia Standards  for: Water           444
                                          Air             449
                                          Solid Wastes    459
             Wyoming Standards for:        Water           461
                                          Air             465
                                          Solid Wastes    472
     XVI.  Standards for the Delaware       ,
             River Basin:                 Water           474
    XVII.  Standards for Mexico:          Water           487
                                          Air             496
   XVIII.  Standards for the Dominion
             of Canada:                   Water           499
                                          Air             522
                                          Solid Wastes    529
     XIX.  Standards for Selected Canadian Provinces
             Alberta Standards for:        Water           545
                                          Air             547
                                          Solid Wastes    552
             British Columbia Standards
             for:                         Water           562
                                          Air             574
                                          Solid Wastes    584
       XX.  International Joint Commission:               592
              Great Lakes Water Quality Standards
                              vii

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                            ABSTRACT
Existing and proposed  environmental standards have been gathered
and synopsized to serve  as  a guide for evaluation of the effi-
ciency  of available  and developing technology  for control of
liquid effluents, gaseous emissions and solid  wastes from coal
conversion processes.  Within  the United States, the Federal and
EPA standards and guidelines for air, water and  solid wastes were
gathered, together with  the  standards for 22 states selected for
their potential in installation of   >al conversion facilities and
the standards for two  regional commissions.   With a view toward
the possibility of environmental effects crossing national bor-
ders, the standards and  guidelines for Mexico,  the Dominion of
Canada,  two Canadian provinces  and the  International  Joint
Commission of U.S.  and  Canada, were synopsized  and added to the
U.S.  standards.

All of the standards and guidelines were compared and from  them  a
summary of the most stringent of the standards  was developed.
This summarization, reduced as  far as possible  to engineering
terms,  can  serve as  a  guide  in  the design  of coal conversion
plants on the premise  that if  the effluents, emissions and  wastes
from the conversion process  steps are so treated  that the final
releases to  the environment  meet the criteria in  the summary of
most stringent standards, then the conversion plants can  be built
anywhere in  the U.S.,  Mexico or Canada.
                              viii

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I.    INTRODUCTION

A survey was made of present and  currently proposed environmental
restrictions relevant to contaminants  in  the   effluents, emis-
sions and wastes from coal conversion processes to serve as the
measurement  standard in evaluating  available and developing con-
trol technology for  such processes.  The environmental restric-
tions set forth in Federal and state rules  and  regulations were
reported  together  with selected  international and  regional
regulations.  The most stringent  of the air and water regulations
included herein have been summarized for convenience.

II.    OBJECTIVES OF THE SURVEY

The  prime objective of the survey was to assemble a single source
reference document of applicable environmental regulations for
use  in considering both present control technology capabilities
and  necessary future technologies for controlling pollutants from
the  conversion of coal to gaseous or liquid fuel.

A second objective  was to summarize the  most  stringent of the
environmental regulations presented  herein  so that  a  single
source  of environmental requirements representing  the most
restrictive of present  and proposed  regulations  would  be
available.   A coal conversion facility  built in the United States
to meet the  requirements in this  most stringent summary would, by
definition, meet the requirements of any  individual state.  The
summary was  by necessity limited  primarily  to  those regulations
of a  quantitative (numerical)  nature and  did  not  include
ordinances below the state jurisdictional  level, since these were
beyond the scope  of  the project.   Special  requirements

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introduced by individual states'  permitting authorities were also
beyond the scope of this 'project  and were not included.

Another major objective  was  to provide an in-depth survey of  the
regulations of the selected  states which had  not been available
previously to the extent presented in the survey.  An example  of
the wide coverage of this survey  is the inclusion of the U.   s.
EPA regulations applicable  to Fluid Catalytic Cracking Units,
Petroleum Refining Category,  upon reasoning  that giving a  broad
definition to Petroleum  Refining, as some states do, makes  such
regulations potentially relevant  to expected further on-site
processing of coal liquefaction products.

III.  BASIS FOR JURISDICTIONAL SELECTION

The first phase of the survey is  concerned with federal and  state
environmental regulations.   As such regulations are continually
being amended they  can  only be  reported current as of a  given
cut-off date.   The cutoff  date  for  the  federal  and  state
material in this report  was  31 October 1977.   The second  phase
supplements the first with a survey of regional and international
regulations.  Cutoff date for the second phase was 15 April  1978.

On the premise that the  first phase activity  should be as  broad
as possible, it was decided  that  expanding the material consider-
ed relevant would be preferable to restricting it.  Consequently,
whenever it appeared that a particular standard or regulation
might have at least some present  or potential relevance, it  was
included in the survey.   This approach was also advantageous with
respect to use of the survey by project personnel as a source  of
guidelines to demonstrate the type and degree of restrictions
placed on environmental  contaminants.

The approach taken in the first phase was to  collect, organize,
review and synopsize environmental laws, regulations, standards

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and other  restrictions of probable relevance.  The coverage  of
this survey has intentionally been made as broad as possible  to
present  the widest and most  divergent restrictions in effect  at
both the  federal and  state levels.  No local jurisdictional
environmental requirements below the state level were included  in
the survey.  As the commercial coal conversion facilities which
are the  underlying subject matter of this project are all  yet  to
be built, only regulations pertaining to new facilities,  as
opposed  to  existing facilities, have  been considered and
included.

To make the initial  collection and  review of environmental
factors as meaningful  as possible,  it  was decided  that the
selection of the states to be  included in this environmental
survey would be  based  on the  reported  availability  of  coal
deposits  within  the  vari' is  states.   This basis  was chosen
because economic factors favor sites near coal deposits for
possible  coal conversion plant locations.  Accordingly, the
environmental laws,  regulations  and standards for 22 states  were
included  with the federal restrictions in the first phase.  The
review of  these state and federal requirements is broken  down
into the  following three main areas:

          Air Pollution Regulations
          Water Pollution Standards
          Solid Waste Requirements

A preliminary screening was  carried out to determine most  of the
common contaminants normally present and to examine the state and
federal  regulations in view  of these contaminants.  The  list  of
contaminants was extended as the work  progressed.

It is noteworthy that,  of  all  the states  surveyed,  only New
Mexico has to date promulgated regulations  which have  specific

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applicability to fuel conversion facilities, and these regula-
tions cover only the air pollution control area.

IV.  JURISDICTIONAL SELECTION

In addition to the federal environmental restrictions and guide-
lines included within this survey, regulations for the following
states were selected based on the state's potential* for future
plant siting:

          Alabama           Missouri          Tennessee
          Alaska            Montana           Texas
          Colorado          New Mexico        Utah
          Idaho             North Dakota      Virginia
          Illinois          Ohio              Washington
          Indiana           Oklahoma          West Virginia
          Kansas            Pennsylvania      Wyoming
          Kentucky

In addition, the requirements as established by the U. S. Public
Health Service Drinking Water Standards, 1962, and the Interim
Primary Drinking Water Regulations were synopsized and included
in the survey.

Although California was one of the states initially selected for
inclusion within the survey, because of time limitations and
California's unique method of establishing environmental restric-
tions, California regulations are not being included.  California
also ranks quite low among the selected states in reported coal
deposits.   North Dakota, which has both sizeable coal deposits
and projected conversion plants, was substituted for California.
*None of the New England states was included, although recently
 a coal  conversion facility has been approved by Region I of
 the U.S.  E.P.A. at Brayton Point Station in Massachusetts.

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The review  of federal and state  standards was supplemented  by a
review of standards and guidelines established by  the  Delaware
River Basin Commission,  since  the authority of this  regional
commission extends  over geographical, rather than  political,
areas and therefore considers  the area environment unconfined  by
artificial boundaries.   It  was found that the standards and
guidelines  adopted by the Susquehanna River Basin Commission are
those of the states affected  by  the Commission.

Further consideration of the  argument that environmental effects
are not limited by political  boundaries led to the  inclusion  in
the survey of  the  standards and guidelines that  have  been
established by  Mexico and Canada.  The Mexican regulations  are
federal actions, while  in Canada both  the Dominion and the
provincial  governments have  enacted standards and guidelines.
Therefore, Mexican federal standards,  Dominion  of  Canada
standards and guidelines, and  the standards and  guidelines of the
provinces  of Alberta  and British Columbia became part  of  the
survey.  The two provinces were  chosen because their  boundaries
are continguous with  those  of Montana, Idaho and Washington,
where much  of the U.S.   western  coal reserves are located.

Finally, the rules and  guidelines established by U.S.-Canadian
International Joint Commission were included in  the  survey, since
these are primarily concerned with the Great Lakes and the St.
Lawrence River  areas and thus  complete the regulatory  coverage of
the northern U.S. border.

V.  METHOD  OF INFORMATION ACQUISITION

The  information  required  for the  survey of environmental
regulations was acquired in a series of steps:

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A  review of the applicable Code of Federal  Regulations
(CFR) to determine-the relevant  federal environmental rules
and regulations.

A  daily review of the Federal  Register to determine  appli-
cable rules and regulations  promulgated  subsequent  to  the
CFR edition, and additionally, any proposed rules, regula-
tions or notices which would be  of concern.

An  initial request,  prior  to project inception,  to  the
appropriate agencies of states selected  requesting  copies
of their regulations.  A request  was also made that Pullman
Kellogg be placed on mailing lists so as to be kept  up-to-
date on each state's activities  in the environmental  area.

A  subsequent request to all selected  states upon project
inception for their  current  regulations to ensure that  the
latest information would be on  hand.   Those states which
had indicated that they were either revising their regula-
tions or considering doing so were again contacted to de-
termine the status and,  where possible,  draft regulations
were obtained,  reviewed and  included within the survey.

A  review of Canadian  regulations  and  guidelines, both
Dominion and provincial,  in  Pullman Kellogg1s domestic  and
Canadian files for rules pertaining to the environment.

A  review  of the actions  of  the International  Joint
Commission of the United States  and Canada,  for relevant
environmental rules.

A review of the appropriate  Mexican regulations in the  law
library of the  University of Texas in Austin.

A limited environmental  literature survey was conducted

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      through  NTIS and selected EPA  data  base searches, and var-
      ious  technical periodicals were  received  and reviewed  for
      useful information concerning  federal and/or state environ-
      mental restrictions.

VI.  SPECIFIC  ENVIRONMENTAL AREAS COVERED.  COMMENTS

A.   Air Emission Criteria

A  review was  conducted  of  the  Federal  EPA  air emission
regulations with designated emission source categories therein,
of the  selected  state regulations,  of the  regional  and  the
international  regulations and  guidelines.   The potentially
relevant air  pollution  standards were  then synopsized  for
eventual inclusion in the survey report.   As  previously stated,
the scope  of  this  survey was  purposely  kept broad  so  as  to
provide the most comprehensive listing of existing and proposed
regulations possible.

The following  are comments generally applicable  to a large  major-
ity of the  jurisdictions surveyed:

      A permit  is required for construction, modification  or  re-
      vision prior to commencement  of the construction, modifi-
      cation or revision contemplated.

      Exceptions to the regulations  are generally available  for
      plant malfunction, startup and shutdown so  long as  speci-
      fied  reporting requirements are complied  with.

      Dilution  of any effluent or emission  as a  means of satisfy-
      ing restrictions is prohibited.

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      Where there  are several rules or  standards applicable or
      more than  one interpretation is  possible,  the most strin-
      gent should  be applied.

      In most jurisdictions, application for a variance from the
      established  emission limits  is possible, with discretionary
      approval  authority  in the  jurisdiction's air  pollution
      control agency.

      Some states  have specific  geographical areas or air pollu-
      tion control districts  (sometimes  heavily  populated
      counties) which  may have individual  standards  more
      stringent  than the state-wide or "out-state" standards.  No
      attempt was  made to include  these "localized" standards in
      this survey  although a few of these  regulations have been
      included for comparison.

      Emission limitations applicable  only to mobile sources were
      not considered as these types of regulations are not within
      the scope  of the project.

      The various  regulations pertaining to  monitoring of emis-
      sions were not included since these  regulations are also
      beyond  the scope of the review.

All the selected quantifiable standards as of the aforementioned
cut-off  dates were  compared  and the  most stringent  set  of
limitations  was assembled; compliance with these limitations
would presumably  satisfy  any  criteria.  The  comparison  of
standards was undertaken as to  numerical  or quantified values
only.   Other  regulations as found  in the synopses would have to
be considered in the design of proper control technology as well.
These  other regulations are primarily of  a  descriptive nature,
sometimes of considerable length,  and  cannot  readily  be
compared.

                            8

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B.    Water  Effluent Limitations, Guidelines and Standards

The Federal  EPA effluent limitations and guidelines for specific
point source categories and water quality  standards of the se-
lected states were  reviewed and synopsized.   As in  the air
pollution control  area,  the range of water  quality  criteria
surveyed  was purposely kept broad to provide the most comprehen-
sive listing of standards possible.

A majority  of the  states  and other  regulatory bodies  have
established  water quality standards which are applicable,  for the
most part,  to existing receiving waters of  the state.   The
primary state mechanism for controlling effluents into receiving
waters is enforcement of the conditions  imposed by a required
discharge permit.

An analysis  was made to determine the most stringent standards
whenever  a numerical comparison was possible,  which standards
would then presumably satisfy any jurisdictional criteria. Again,
it  should  be emphasized  that  this  was  a  comparison  of
quantifiable standards only, and  other regulations would have to
be considered.

C.   Solid Waste Disposal Requirements

The Federal  Guidelines and the selected states' solid waste dis-
posal requirements were reviewed  and these  guidelines and  stan-
dards were synopsized.  The same  policy as  to scope and relevance
of standards was used in this area  as in the water and air  regu-
lation areas.

The majority of the  solid waste disposal  requirements are much
less definitive, with regard to establishing design requirements,
than  those  criteria  established  within  the air  and water

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regulatory  areas.  The regulations tend  to  establish requiremen
directed more  toward the operation of a  disposal  facility tna
the design, such  as adequate rodent control and proper compac
and cover for  solid waste.  Even though  the operational  crite
should be considered beyond  the  scope  of this  survey,  some
these standards are  presented for certain selected  jurisdictio
as guidelines, since  these  types of criteria are  essentially
same  from  area to area.   Also,  many of  the requirements a
applicable to public authorities, such  as municipalities,
their solid waste collection  and  disposal  activities.

It  should  be  expected that the  regulatory  activity in this  are
and  especially with respect to  hazardous wastes  will continue
 increase as a result of the Solid Waste  Disposal Act as amende
 by the  Resource  Conservation and Recovery  Act of 1976,  Title
 Solid Waste Disposal (42 USC 6901 et seq.).

 One provision generally common to the states  reviewed  allows
 solid waste disposal on one's  own property without  a  permit  s
 long as no nuisance  conditions are created.

 Texas,  one of the states  surveyed, has issued  Technical Guide-
 lines  for solid waste  disposal and indicates that by following
 these  guidelines all solid waste disposal requirements will  be
 satisifed.   These Technical Guidelines  are  available from  the
 Texas Water Quality  Board, which has responsibility in this
 area.
                                10

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VII.     SUMMARY OF MOST STRINGENT WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

Based on the Federal Standards, Selected States' Standards  and  the
Regional and International Standards Covered  in the  Synopses

                                    %
Notes:  1.  The following compilation represents the most stringent
            criteria as established by the  individual  states,
            regions and countries considered  for this  project.

        2.  It must be emphasized that this compilation  represents
            an analysis based on numerical  considerations only;
            compliance with these criteria  should, in  all probabi-
            lity, allow construction at any location.  However,
            engineering design based on the following  criteria  may
            result in over design, and this should be  considered  for
            any cost data developed that are  based on  the criteria.

I.    GENERAL CRITERIA FOR RECEIVING WATERS

      A.  The following minimum water quality conditions should be
          applicable to all receiving waters, and such waters should
          be:

          1.  Free from substances that will  cause the formation  of
              putrescent or objectionable sludge or  bottom  deposits.


          2.  Free from floating debris or  other floating materials.
              (Alternate:  Free from floating debris or  other
                           floating materials in amounts to be
                           unsightly or deleterious.)

          3.  Free from substances producing  color,  or odor to  the
              water.
              (Alternate:  Free from substances which  produce color
                           or odor in amounts to be  deleterious or
                           to such degree as  to create a. nuisance.)

          4.  Free from substances in amounts which  would impart  an
              unpalatable flavor to fish.

          5.  Free from substances which would be harmful or toxic
              to human, animal, plant, or aquatic life.
              (Alternate:  Free from substances in amounts  which
                           would be harmful or toxic to  human,
                           animal, plant or aquatic  life.)

          6.  Free from substances or conditions in  concentrations
              which would produce undesirable aquatic  life.
              (Alternate:  Add to above, "Free from  nutrients
                           entering the waters in concentrations
                           that create nuisance growths  of  aquatic
                           weeds and algae.")

          7.  Free from toxic substances, heated.liquids or any
                                11

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MOST STRINGENT WATER QUALITY STANDARDS  (CONT)


              other deleterious substances attributable to  sewage
              industrial wastes or other wastes.
              (Alternate;  Add to above - in amounts which  would
                           affect public health or  the desirability
                           of the beneficial water  use.)

      B.  Acid Mine Drainage Control Measures  (Applicable to  coal
          processing)

          1.  Surface and ground water shall be diverted where  prac-
              ticable to prevent entry or reduce the flow into  and
              through mine workings.

          2.  Refuse from the mining and processing of coal shall be
              handled and disposed of in a manner so as to  minimize
              the discharge of acid mine drainage to streams.

          3.  Discharge of acid mine drainage  to streams shall  be
              regulated to equalize Vie flow of daily accumulation
              throughout a 24 hour period.

II.   SPECIFIC WATER QUALITY STANDARDS  - RECEIVING WATERS

      A.  The following specific water quality criteria should  apply
          to all waters:

          Substance or
          Condition                  	Limitation	

          pH (range)                     7.0 - 8.8  (Br. Columbia)

          Temperature                 <. 1°C Rise (Canada-Federal)
                                      _< 60°F (Alaska and  Washington)
                                      <_ 85°F (North Dakota)

    Dissolved Oxygen    >_ 9.5 mg/1 (Fresh water)
                                      >^ 7.0 mg/1 (Marine water)
                                      >_ 5.0 mg/1 (probable  average)

          Color                       None
                                      £ 15 Color Units (other
                                                        criteria)

          Turbidity                   No Increase
                                      £ 10 JTU (probable average)

          Total Coliform              _< 50/100 ml
            Bacteria
                                12

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MOST STRINGENT WATER QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)
              Substance or
              Condition (contd.)

              Fecal Coliform
                Bacteria
              Settleable Solids
              Dissolved Solids
              Oil and Grease
              Radioactivity
              Odor and/or Taste
              Total Dissolved
                Gas

              Hardness
              Persistent Organic
              Contaminants (harmful
              to human, animal,
              or aquatic life)

              Toxic Substances
              BODs
               (Deoxygenating Waste)
   Limitation (contd.)

£ 10/100 mg (Domestic water
supply)
£ 200/100 ml (Probable average)

None (Essentially free)
;< 200 mg/1 - (Pennsylvania)

_< 100 mg/1 (Br. Col., fresh
water)

None
_< 10 mg/1 (Others)

Gross beta - _<   15 pCi/1
Strontium - £ 2 pCi/1
Radium 226 - < 1 pCi/1
Alpha Emitters - 3 pCi/1

None
< 3 Threshold Odor Number
TProbable average)

< 11056 of Saturation
< 95 mg/1, max. 30 day  avg.
TDelaware River Basin
Commission)

Substantially  absent
(North Dakota)
 Persistant Toxicants - _<  1/2 of
 96 hr TLM
 Non-Persistant Toxicants  -
 <.  1/10  of 96 hr TLM

     < 30 mg/1
      B.  The following chemical pollutants should not exceed the
          specified concentrations at any time:
          Constituent

          Alkalinity

          Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate
            (ABS)
 Concentration

 20-100  mg/1  (Del.  R.  Basin,
  tidal  waters)
 <_ 0.5 mg/1
                                 13

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MOST STRINGENT WATER  QUALITY  STANDARDS   (CONT)
          Constituent  (contd.)

          Ammonia  (as N)

          Arsenic
          Asbestos
          Barium
          Boron
          Cadmium
          Chloride

          Chlorine, residual

          Chromium  (Hexavalent)
          Cobalt
          Copper

          Cyanide
          Fluoride
          H S, undissociated
          Iron
          Lead

          Manganese
          Mercury
          Mercury in fish

          Nickel
          Nitrates
          Phenols
          Phosphorus
          PCB (Polychlorinated
           biphenyl), total
          Selenium

          Silver

          Sulfate
          Uranyl Ion
          Zinc

III.  EFFLUENT STANDARDS
Concentration (contd.)

 £ 0.02 mg/1 (N. Dak;  next value
  is £0.15 mg/1)
 _< 0.01 mg/1
 Lowest Practicable Level (IJC*)
 _< 0.5 mg/1
 _< 1.0 mg/1
 £ 0.002 mg/1 (<0.01 Probable
 _< 100 mg/1 (£ 250 probable
   average)
 _< 0.002 mg/1 (Proposed IJC)  (Br
  Col.: Below detectable limits)
 _< 0.05 mg/1
 £ 1.0 mg/1
 <, 0.005 mg/1 (Proposed IJC;
  0.10 probable average)
 <. 0.005 mg/1
 £1.0 mg/1
 £0.002 mg/1 (Proposed IJC)
 £ 0.3 mg/1
 £ 0.01 mg/1 (Proposed IJC, Lake
  Superior; Ohio = £ 0.04)
 £ 0.05 mg/1
 £ 0.0002 mg/1 (Proposed IJC)
 £ 0.0005 mg/kg Wet wt.
  (Proposed IJC)
 £ 0.025 mg/1 (Proposed IJC)
 £ 10 mg/1
 £ 0.001 mg/1
 £ 0.05 mg/1

 £ 0.00 mg/1
 £ 0.005 mg/1 (£ 0.01  probable
               average)
 £ 0.0001 mg/1 (Proposed IJC;
  £ 0.05 probable average)
 < 250 mg/1
 j< 5.0 mg/1
 < 0.03 mg/1 (Proposed IJC)
      (When Not Specified Differently by Discharge Permit)

      Except as otherwise noted, compliance with the numerical
      standards should be determined on the basis of 24-hour
      composite samples, and no contaminant shall exceed five times
      the numerical standards at any time or in any one sample.
•IJC = International Joint Commission of United States and Canada

                                 14

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MOST STRINGENT WATER QUALITY STANDARDS  (CONT)
      B,
No effluent shall contain the following:

1.  Settleable Solids.

2.  Floating debris.

3.  Visible oil, grease, scum, or sludge solids.

4.  Obvious color, odor and/or turbidity.

5.  Fecal coliforms, concentration greater than UOO/100 ml.

Additional contaminants, concentrations of which should not
be exceeded in any effluent:
          1.  Constituent

              Aluminum

              Ammonia

              Antimony

              Arsenic
              Barium
              Boron
              Cadmium
              Chlorate

              Chlorides
              Chlorine, residual

              Chromium (Hexavalent)
              Cobalt

              Copper
              Cyanide
              Fluoride
              Iron
              Lead
              Magnesium
              Manganese
              Mercury

              Molybdenum

              Nickel
              Nitrites  (N)
                                 15
                                Concentration

                                 £ 0.2 mg/1  (Br. Col., one
                                  industry category)
                                 <, 0.5 mg/1  (Br. Col,
                                  tentative)
                                 <^ 0.05 mg/1  (Br.   Col.,  one
                                  industry category)
                                 <. 0.05 mg/1
                                 <. 1.0 mg/1
                                 _< 1.0 mg/1
                                 _< 0.005 mg/1  (Br.  Col.)
                                 50 mg/1  (Br.  Col,  one
                                  industry category)
                                 _< 250 mg/1
                                 0.2 mg/1  (Br.  Col.,  one
                                  industry category)
                                 _< 0.05 mg/1
                                 0.1 mg/1  (Br.  Col.,  one
                                  industry category)
                                 _< 0.05 mg/1  (Br.  Col.)
                                 _< 0.02 mg/1
                                 <_ 1.0 mg/1
                                 _< 0.3 mg/1
                                 _< 0.05 mg/1   (Br.  Col.)
                                 150. mg/1 (Br.  Col.,  for
                                  fresh water;  one  industry
                                  category)
                                 _< 0.05 mg/1  (Br.  Col)
                                 _< 0.001  mg/1 (Br.  Col,
                                  tentative)
                                 0.50 mg/1  (Br,  Col,  one
                                  industry category)
                                 < 0.2 mg/1  (Br. Col)
                                 10.0 mg/1  (Br.  Col.,  for
                                  several industry
                                  categories)

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MOST STRINGENT WATER QUALITY STANDARDS  (CONT)
          1.  Constituent

              Nitrogen'

              Phenols
              Phosphorus
              Selenium
              Silver
              Sulfate
              Sulfides and Mercaptans (S)

              Urea

              Zinc  (Ohio @ hardness
                    < 80 mg/1 as

          2.  BOD
          3.  COD

          M. Temperature, max.


          5. Turbidity



          6. Solids:  Total


              Dissolved (Total)

              Suspended

          7. Oil

          8. Odor


          9. Persistent pesticides
         10. Dissolved oxygen
              (nontidal streams)
Concentration  (Cont)

 _< 2.5 mg/1 - April - Oct.
 £ 4.0 mg/1 at other times
 _< 0.005 mg/1
 _< 1.0 mg/1
 _< 0.01 mg/1
 _< 0.05 mg/1
 _< 50 mg/1 (Br. Col.)
 .011 mg/1 (Br. Col., one
  industry category)
 1.0 mg/1 (Br. Col., one
  industry category)
 j< 0.075 mg/1 (Usual < 0.1)
 j< 30 mg/1 (Deoxygenating
  Wastes)

 <. 125 mg/1

 90°F (Br.Col., several
  industry categories)

 £ 10 J.T.U. (Br. Col.,
  several industry
  categories)

 <_ 1500 mg/1 (Br. Col.,
  several industry
  categories)
 _< 1000 mg/1 (Delaware
  R.B.C.)
 <^ 25 mg/1 (Canada-Federal)

 <_ 10 mg/1 (Delaware R.B.C.)

 250 (threshold number)
  (Delaware R.B.C.)

 Not to exceed 1/100 of
 TL50 value at 96 hours
 appropriate bioassay test
 (Delaware R.B.C.)

 Not to reduce dissolved
 oxygen content of receiving
 water by more than 5%
 (Delaware R.B.C.)
                                 16

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MOST STRINGENT WATER QUALITY STANDARDS  (CONT)


              Constituent                 Concentration  (Cont)

         11. Toxicity                      50$ max. mortality in 96
                                           hours appropriate bioassay
                                           test with 1:1 dilution
                                           (Delaware R.B.C.)

         12. pH*                           6.5-8.5 (Br. Col. - several
                                           industry categories)

 IV.  OTHER CRITERIA

      A.  Waste Treatment Ponds

          Lagoons containing toxic substances or petroleum products
          must be lined.  (Oklahoma)

      B.  Non-Degradation

          Waters whose existing quality is better than the
          established standards shall not be  lowered in quality.

      C.  Aesthetic values shall not be reduced by dissolved,  sus-
          pended, floating or submerged matter so as to affect water
          usage.


          *The pH limitation should not be subject to averaging and
           should be met at all times.
                                 17

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         SUMMARY OF MOST STRINGENT  AIR  QUALITY STANDARDS

                 Based on the Federal Standards,
         Selected States'  Standards and the Regional and
         International Standards  Covered  in the Synopses
General Notes and Comments on Application and Use

1 .  The main objective of this analysis  was  to  present the  most
    stringent of the air standards  covered in the synopses which
    could be compared  numerically.  Additionally, some of the
    shorter narrative or design specification types of regulation
    representing most stringent (or unique) requirements are  also
    included. Topics generally having narrative type regulations
    of considerable length were not included.   General fugitive
    dust emissions and storage and  handling of organic materials
    and organic solvents were among  those  falling  in  this
    category.

2.   New Mexico is the only state covered to have promulgated air
    regulations specifically  for "Gasification  Plants."  All  of
    these regulations have been included in appropriate sections
    in this compilation.   A number of other  regulations are in-
    cluded within this compilation which are unique to a certain
    jurisdiction and therefore automatically the most stringent.
    Many of these are for  non-criteria contaminants, however.

3.   Not all of the jurisdictions used the same  basis for their
    standards for given contaminants and sources.  Where  possible
    conversion  of all similar standards to a common  base  for
                              18

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         SUMMARY OF MOST STRINGENT  AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
4.  The  most  general regulations with  respect to geographical
    area or "out-state" regulations  of the  jurisdictions were
    synopsized and then compared.  A  few more stringent regula-
    tions for nonattainment areas  (mainly heavily populated  and
    industrialized counties) are  shown  in certain of the state
    regulations  in addition to the "out-state"  but were generally
    not  included in  the synopses.

5.  Only regulations pertaining to new facilities were synopsized
    and  compared as  there are no existing commercial domestic
    fuel conversion  plants of  the type  envisioned by this pro-
    ject.

6.  Applicable Federal regulations found to be  most stringent or
    as stringent as  any jurisdiction  covered are shown in this
    compilation  in the appropriate place or category.  Applicable

    but  not most stringent Federal regulations  are also shown  but
    in parentheses for reference  only.   For  easier  reading  the
    proposed  Federal regulations for  Stationary Gas Turbines have
    been placed  together in one subsection of  that title.  They
    are  newly proposed and the most  stringent at present because
    none  of  the states  covered  have as yet  promulgated
    regulations  for  such a source.

7.  Prevention of Significant  Deterioration  (PSD) and Emission
    Offsets.
    The  Clean Air Act Amendments of  1977 (enacted August 7, 1977)
    had  considerable  effect in the  PSD area, which mainly
    provides  the scheme for  protecting areas with  air quality
    cleaner  than the  minimum national ambient  air standards.
                            19

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         SUMMARY  OF  MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY  STANDARDS
Final regulation revisions for PSD were published  in  the  Federal
Register on June 19,  1978 at  43  FR 26380.  State  plans  (SIP's)
are required to reflect  these requirements with revisions  to be
submitted to EPA by March 19,  1979.   These regulations revise
40CFR Part 51 and Part 52 and are quite long  and complex.  As the
publication date is after the  April  15, 1978 cut-off  date for
source material for  this project, a complete  synopsis will not be
made  here  of  the PSD  regulations  as  revised.   However,  a
discussion of the effect and highlights of PSD  follows due to the
potential  importance of these  regulations relative  to  this
project and the other regulations ..resented.

While PSD regulations apply primarily  to areas meeting  national
ambient regulations  for specified  pollutants, Emission  Offsets
regulations apply primarily to dirty or nonattainment areas
(areas not meeting ambient regulations).  Because  of the nature
of the plants to be  built relating to  this project, it is assumed
that attainment areas and thus PSD regulations  are  more  relevant
to the project.  Two important  basic requirements  of  Emission
Offset regulations,  where applicable,  are:  1)  lowest achievable
emission rate (LAER) shall be attained,  and 2)  no  net increase in
emission shall  result from an affected new or modified  source.
There are both  significant similarities and differences in PSD
and offset  regulations.

A brief summary of the requirements set out in  the  PSD section of
the 1977 Air Act Amendment (Section 165) follows:
                           20

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARD'S   (CONT)
      No  major emitting facility (as  defined in the Act)  on which
      construction is commenced after August 7,  1977,  may be
      constructed unless:  1) a  permit  has  been issued setting
      forth  emission limitations; 2)  an  air quality analysis has
      been conducted;  3)  a public hearing  has  been held.   (This
      is  a new requirement which was  not contained in earlier PSD
      regulations); 4) certain specified allowables (increments)
      are not exceeded; 5) best available  control technology is
      applied; 6)  the requirements  for protection of pristine
      areas  (Class I) have been met; 7) there has  been an
      analysis of any air quality impacts projected for the area
      as  a  result of growth  associated  with  the  proposed
      facility; and 8) monitoring will  be conducted to determine
      the effect of the facility's emissions on air quality.


    PSD regulations  at  present apply  to areas not  exceeding

    National Ambient  Air Quality  Standards (NAAQS) for  sulfur

    dioxide  and particulates  and establish  allowable increases

    (incremental changes)  for  these pollutants in three area

    classifications above a defined baseline concentration.  The

    allowable increases follow:
                                              Maximum allowable
                                              increase (micro-
                                              grams per cubic
    Pollutant                                  meter)	

                            CLASS I

    Particulate matter:
      Annual geometric mean                             5
      24-hr maximum                                    10
    Sulfur dioxide:
      Annual arithmetic mean                            2
      24-hr maximum                                     5
      3-hr maximum                                     25
                             21

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS  (CONT)
                                              Maximum allowable
                                              Increase (micro-
                                              grams per cubic
    Pollutant                                  meter)	

                          CLASS II

    Particulate matter:
      Annual geometric mean                            19
      24-hr maximum                                   37
    Sulfur dioxide:
      Annual arithmetic  mean                           20
      24-hr maximum                                   91
      3-hr maximum                                   512

                          CLASS III

    Particulate matter:
      Annual geometric mean                            37
      24-hr maximum                                   75
    Sulfur dioxide:
      Annual arithmetic  mean                           40
      24-hr maximum                                  182
      3-hr maximum                                   700
    Class  I through  III area classifications refer  to

    geographical areas  differentiated  by the amount  of
    incremental  increases to  be allowed  in each.   Class  I
    increments permit only  minor air quality  deterioration;  Class

    II  increments, moderate deterioration;  Class III  increments,
    deterioration up to  the secondary NAAQS.


    Class I  areas are  often  referred to as  "pristine."

    Redesignation of lands  from one classification to another  by
    the states is allowed  under  some  circumstances  through
    specified procedures.   Certain lands are  now permanently  in

    Class I.  Class II increments have been changed  and  in  some
                            22

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY  STANDARDS  (CONT)
    cases have become more  restrictive;  Class  III increments  now
    are  specifically defined  and procedures for  reclassifying  to
    Class III are more rigorous.

    In  the near future,  PSD regulations will be  extended to other
    pollutants for which NAAQS's are in effect (to be promulgated
    by  August  8, 1979,  and taking  effect  one  year  after
    promulgation).

    It  is  now evident  the  required PSD air quality impact
    analysis will also apply  in  certain cases  to nonattainment
    (dirty)  areas.  This  is  due  to the  possible  effects  of
    sources in nonattainme-t  areas on air quality in clean areas.
    (The reverse  can also  be true so that the emission  offset
    policy may have to be met by a clean area.)

    A number of important and sometimes lengthy definitions  are
    included in the current PSD  regulations.   For PSD  purposes
    "major emitting source"  under  Section 169(1)  includes  28
    specified sources emitting, or having the potential  to  emit,
    100  tons per  year or more of any air  pollutant.   For  those
    sources not specified only sources having emissions of more
    than 250 tons per  year  are subject to PSD requirements.
    "Baseline concentration"  is  defined as the ambient concen-
    tration level reflecting  actual air quality as of  August 7,
    1977, minus any contribution from major  stationary sources
    and  major modifications on which construction commenced on or
    after  January 6, 1975.   Among  other definitions  are  ones
    covering  "major  modifications,"  "potential to emit,"
    "fugitive  dust,"  "commence," "best available  control
    technology,"  and "allowable  emissions."'
                             23

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MOST STRINGENT  AIR QUALITY STANDARDS  (CONT)
    The  two  primary requirements that  a PSD permit applicant must
    meet are:

        1)   Best available control  technology, and

        2)   Not causing nor contributing  to air pollution  in  ex-
            cess of the maximum allowable increment or concentra-
            tion for any pollutant  more than one time per year.

    Best available control technology is to  be  determined  on  a
    case-by-case basis, taking into account energy, environmental
    and  economic impacts and other  c< jts.  At a minimum BACT must
    not  result in emissions which would exceed  the emissions
    allowed  by new source performance  standards under Section 111
    or hazardous emission standards under Section 112 of the  Air
    Act.

    Of major concern is the likelihood of eventually consuming
    all  available increments.  The  fuel conversions necessitated
    by the present  energy situation  in  heavily industrialized
    areas will likely cause the sulfur dioxide  and particulate
    increments to be  exceeded,  especially if  all  sources are
    counted  against the  increment.  If  offsetting  reductions
    cannot be effected much of existing industry could be  forced
    to  curtail its operations and new  sources could  not be
    constructed.

    The  revised regulations follow the  outline of the earlier
    regulations but,  in  general,  are more comprehensive and
    restrictive.
                            24

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS'  (CONT)
8.   The  possible effects  of  certain general or catch-all pro-
    visions in the regulations  covered must also be taken into
    account.  Certain jurisdictions leave  discretion in their air
    pollution agencies to lower  specific  numerical  and other
    standards on  the  basis of  "nuisance,"  for  the  "public
    welfare," because of  specific health  hazards, or where the
    application of best currently available control technology
    might  reasonably dictate  a  more stringent standard.  These
    would  most often be applied on a case-by-case basis but could
    lower  certain standards for an entire plant site under
    consideration.  Because  of the lack of specificity and wide
    variance  in historical  interpretation  and application of  such
    regulations among the  jurisdictions,  such regulations were
    not generally included  in  the  stringency  review.
    (Consideration   of  best  currently  available  control
    technology with consideration  of economic reasonableness and
    cost versus benefits  is  also a general requirement  in the
    promulgation of  regulations.) Typical examples of  some  of
    these  general or catch-all provisions  follow:

    a)   Nuisance - Interference with Enjoyment  of  Life and
        Property.  Compliance with the regulations herein not-
        withstanding,  should it  be found after public  hearing
        that  any specific  emission source  is, will be, or tends
        to be significantly injurious to human health or welfare,
        animal  or  plant  life,  or property, or is or  will  be
        unreasonably interfering with the  enjoyment of  life and
                            25

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS  (CONT)
        property of any inhabitant  of  the  state,  or will inter-
        fere  with the attainment or maintenance of any national
        ambient air standards,  alternate standards or orders may
        be  issued to require additional abatement or control of
        certain emissions as deemed necessary to effect the pur-
        poses of the Kansas enabling act.  (Kansas)

    b)   Air Quality Degradation Regulated.   In  areas of present
        high  air  quality where  measured  or estimated  ambient
        levels of controllable pollutants are  below the levels
        specified  by applicable  standards  any emission of
        pollutant to the ambient air must  be  shown to result in
        pollution levels within applicable ambient air standards
        and will be  prohibited  in  any case  unless shown to be
        controlled  to  afford the  highest efficiencies and the
        lowest discharge rates that are reasonable and practi-
        cable as specified in [subsection B.2].  (Utah)

    c)   Non-degradation.  The significant and avoidable  deterior-
        ation of air quality in any part  of  an area where pre-
        sently existing air quality is equal to  or better than
        that  required by Ohio ambient  air quality standards shall
        be  prohibited.  (Ohio)

    d)   More  stringent requirements.   A greater  degree  of control
        may be required to prevent a health hazard or a local
        nuisance because of the  particular properties of  a speci-
        fic organic compound.   Determination  of a health hazard
        will  be based upon  such  factors as  threshold  limit
        values, presence of carcinogens, and  other accepted
        health indicators. (Indiana)
                            26

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MOST STRINGENT  AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)
    e)   "Best  available  control technology"  shall  be determined
        on a case-by-case basis considering  the following:
        (Virginia)

        1)   The  process, fuels and raw material available and  to
            be employed  in the facility involved;

        2)   The  engineering aspects of the application  of various
            types  of  control techniques which have  been adequate-
            ly demonstrated;

        3)   Process and  fuel changes;

        4)   The  respective costs  of application of  all such  con-
            trol techniques, process changes, alternative fuels,
            etc.;

        5)   Any  applicable emission standards; and

        6)   Location  and siting considerations.

    f)   Best currently available  control technology (BCACT).   Air
        contaminant sources shall have installed and utilize  the
        best currently available  equipment and control  technology
        for limiting emissions  of  gaseous  air contaminants.
        (Tennessee)

    g)   Particulate Emissions - General Process Standards: Parti-
        culate non-attainment counties.  In  any county where one
        or more sources are  emitting particulates at  rates in
                            27

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MOST STRINGENT  AIR QUALITY STANDARDS  (CONT)
        conformity  with applicable maximum emission rates and  the
        ambient  air quality  standard for particulate matter  is
        being  exceeded, the Board shall set an appropriate emis-
        sion  standard  for each source contributing to the parti-
        culate matter  in the  ambient air of  the  county at such
        value as the  Board  may deem necessary to achieve the
        desired  air quality. (Tennessee)

    h)   Diluting and Concealing  Emissions. The  installation  or
        use of any  device, contrivance or operational schedule
        which, without resulting in reduction  of the total  amount
        of air contaminant released to the atmosphere, shall di-
        lute  or  conceal an emission from a source  is prohibited.
        (Wyoming)

    Specific  limitations and shortcomings in presenting  this type
    of  analysis  in  a conveniently brief manner  are discussed  in
    the last  item of this section.   The standards presented  in
    this survey  were condensed from generally lengthy rules and
    regulations.  Numerical standards seldom stand alone and are
    generally  clarified, modified,  and limited by accompanying
    definitions, exceptions,  calculation procedures and  instruc-
    tions, and other narrative forming the context in which they
    are found.   The  synopses herein attempted  to retain  the  key
    points of  such  narrative but considerably less could be in-
    cluded in  a  reasonably brief stringency survey.   Therefore,
    this survey  may  be used as a guide and convenient reference
    but not as a complete substitute for the synopses, the regu-
    lations, and other auxiliary sources such  as court or agency
    opinions for in-depth regulatory applications.
                            28

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS  (CONT)
10.  Limitations and precautions  in  application.  The  following
    points  indicate some of the most significient areas of poten-
    tial  difficulty or inconsistency with respect to the applica-
    tion  of this most stringent air standards survey.   The  full
    implication of several of the points will probably  only  be
    apparent to those who now have or formerly have had extensive
    involvement in the practical application of  air regulations.

    a)   Although  fairly consistent, the rules for adding  like
        facility rates or capacities within  a given plant  before
        calculating  standards  vary somewhat among the  various
        jurisdictions and can lead to determination of  different
        values for calculated  standards.  These rules  are not
        always clearly spelled out in the written regulations and
        are often subject  to or controlled by custom, board
        discretion, and court  or agency rulings within  a given
        jurisdiction.  When necessary to add all units of  a  given
        source category within  a plant before  determination of
        the standard (probably the most common  procedural  method)
        smaller allowable emission values will  generally  result
        because  percentage limitations on contaminants  always
        decrease as capacity or stream  rate  increases where
        variable standards are specified.

    b)   As  the most stringent regulations compiled are  an  artifi-
        cial body  of rules, no  general system  exists  dictating
        controlling relationships between these  regulations  where
        conflict,  overlapping, or the like  might exist.   Such  a
        system does generally exist  for any  single  jurisdiction
                            29

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY  STANDARDS  (CONT)
        and for the Federal and other jurisdictional  regulations
        but these systems  vary somewhat and thus  would  produce
        some differences upon  application.

    c)  Some of the most  stringent standards are presented by
        tables with standards  at several specific stream rates or
        plant capacity  levels.  This was  necessary where  the
        jurisdictions  used a mixture of constants and/or formulae
        to cover the standards over defined  ranges, generally in
        terms of certain  stream  rates or other plant  capacity
        indicating  factors.  To compare these for  stringency it
        was necessary  to solve any applicable formulae  at  some
        stream rate or plant capacity level  within the  relevant
        range.  The fuel conversion plants  under  consideration
        are generally  of very  large throughputs and  thus  one or
        more points representing realistically high rates or
        capacities were among those selected in most cases.
        Conversely, some included  units or streams  in  the  plants
        could be rather small  and  so required other points  to be
        determined  representing  rather small streams  or  capa-
        cities.   A  wide variety of plants and processes is within
        the project scope, and this introduces  considerable
        potential variation in flow rates  and sizes  of  specific
        units or facilities within the over-all plants.

11.  Referring to the standards requiring tabular presentation as
     mentioned in 10.c) above, the most stringent standards could
     only reasonably be shown  for  a limited number  of  selected
     points.   Interpolation between these  selected points would
     almost never be proper because the points used could  repre-
     sent either constants or solutions to  one  or more  formulae
                            30

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS    (CONT)
     at relevant capacities  or rates.   The  synopses  or the
     complete regulations would  thus have  to  be referred to for
     intermediate standards evaluation, and  in some cases care
     might  have  to  be  taken to determine which jurisdiction's
     regulation was most stringent  at  the new point in question.
                          31

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 MOST  STRINGENT  AIR QUALITY STANDARDS  (CONT)

 I.  Nitrogen  Oxides  (NOX, expressed as NC^)•
    A.  Fuel Burning  Equipment
        Facilities >_  250 MM Btu/hr heat input*
         Gas fired            0.2 Ib/MM Btu (Federal, most states)
         Liquid  (oil) fired   0.3 Ib/MM Btu (Federal, most states)
         Solid (coal) fired   0.45 Ib/MM Btu (N.M.;  Federal is 0.7
                                           Ib/MM Btu)
        Facilities <250 MM Btu/hr heat input
         Any Fossil Fuel      Best Available Control Technology
                             (Ohio)
        Any size facility
         Gas Fired            0.2 Ib/MM Btu (Wyoming)
         Solid (coal) fired   0.7 *b/MM Btu (Wyoming)
        Facilities >^  1 MM Btu/hr heat input
         Liquid  (oil) fired   0.3 Ib/MM Btu (Wyoming)
        Facilities <  1 MM Btu/hr heat input
         Liquid  (oil) fired   0.6 Ib/MM Btu (Wyoming)
        Combined Fuel Firing (No Federal Standard but several
         states have a formula covering,  Colorado's  is  shown
         below)

         E = (0.2X+0.3Y+0.7Z)/(X+Y+Z)

           Where:  X is the %  of total  heat input from  gaseous
                  fossil fuel;
                  Y is the %  of total  heat input from  liquid
                  fossil fuel;  and
•Idaho incorporates the Federal standards here except  that its
Dept.  determines  on  a case-by-case  basis whether  a stricter
standard should  be  adopted after  application  of the  best
currently available control technology with  reasons to  be stated
with the standard.
                           32

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)

             Z is the % of the total heat input from solid fossil
             fuel.
II.   Visible Emissions
      A.  Processes
           2Q% Opacity (#1 on Ringelraann Chart), (Kentucky)
      B.  General (Any Source)
           20% Opacity (#1 on Ringelmann Chart), (Alabama and
           many states)
           for >^ 100,000 acfra flue gas rate: 15% Opacity (Texas) ,
      C.  Fuel Burning Equipment
           10% Opacity (#0.5 on Ringelmann Chart), (West Virginia
           Federal - 20% Opacity)
      D.  Incinerators
           10% Opacity (#0.5 on Ringelmann Chart), (Montana)
      E.  Coal Preparation Plants
           Thermal Dryers - 20$ Opacity, (Federal)
           Pneumatic Coal Cleaning Equipment: 10$ Opacity
           (Federal)
      F.  Petroleum Refineries
           From fluid catalytic cracking unit catalyst
           regenerator or fluid catalytic cracking unit
           incinerator -  waste heat boiler: 30$ Opacity
           (Federal)
III.  Particulates
      A.  Processes
          1.  Standards Based on Process Weight Rate

          Process Weight Rate, Ib/hr    Emission Standard,  Ib/hr
                  2.5  MM               54.2 (Alabama, others)
                  1.0  MM               46.8 (Alabama, others)
                  0.1  MM               20.5 (Illinois)
                  0.05 MM               14.2 (Illinois)
                            33

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS    (CONT)

          2.  Standards Based on Stack Exhaust Gas Rate

          Stack Exhaust Gas Rate,          Concentration
          	DSCFM	        Standard. gr/DSCF
                 1 MM                       0.02 (Pa.)
               0.3 MM                       0.02 (Pa.)
               0.2 MM                       0.03 (Pa.)
               0.1 MM                       0.04 (Pa.)

          3.  Process emitting 100 T or more of particulates
              annually based on 0 control (excluding combustion
              products of fuel oil,  LPG,  or natural gas).
                85% control of emissions  (based on 0 control with
                source at maximum operating capacity).  (Utah).
      B.   Petroleum Refineries
          From fluid catalytic cracking unit catalyst regenerator
          or fluid catalytic cracking unit incinerator - waste
          heat boiler -
           1.0 lb/1000 Ib of coke burn-off (Federal), (incre-
           mentally higher emission  rates are allowed for heat
           input  attributable to auxiliary liquid  or solid fossil
           fuels).
      C.   Gasification Plants -  General (Certain boilers and coal
          briquet  forming facilities within these  plants are
          covered  later  in subsection III.E.).
            Standard:   0.03 gr/sof exit gas
      D.   Fuel Burning Equipment
          1.   Standards  Based on Heat Input Capacity.
                           34

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)
                      (Fuels as designated)
          Coal:
                >250 MM Btu/hr in     0.05 Ib/MM Btu (H.H.V.)
                                        (New Mexico); and
                                      0.02 Ib/MM Btu (H.H.V.),
                                        for particulates 2
                                        microns equivalent
                                        aerodynamic diameter or
                                        less (New Mexico)
                <250 MM Btu/hr in     0.1 Ib/MM Btu (Illinois)
          Oil: >114 MM                0.005 (New Mexico)
               <114 MM                0.1 (Illinois)
          Gas: >2500 MM               0.1 (Texas)

          Combinations Fuels:  E = SgH3 + 0.10 HI
                               (Illinois)
              where: Sg is applicable solid fuel particulate
                         emission, Ib/MM Btu actual heat input;
                     Hg is actual heat input from solid  fuel,
                         MM Btu/hr;
                     HI is actual heat input from liquid
                         fuel, MM Btu/hr

          (Any Fuel - Specific Fuels are not Designated)
          Heat Input, Btu/hr        Standard, Ib/MM Btu
              10 MMM                0.1 (Federal, Okla.)
               5 MMM                0.1 (Federal, several states)
             500 MM                 0.1 (Federal, several states)
              50 MM                 0.1 (Wyoming)
               5 MM                 0.4 (Ohio, other states)

    2.  Standards Based on Exhaust Gas Rate
          Any fuel except coal or municipal waste:  0.05  gr/SCF
            (Alaska)
          Coal or municipal waste:  0.1 gr/SCF (Alaska)
                           35

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)

    E.  Gasification Plants (Designated Facilities and Fugitive
        Dust as per Respective Subsection Headings). (New Mexico)
        1.   Gas burning boilers (in conjunction with gasification
            plant)
              Standard:  0.03 Ib/MM Btu heat input (L.H.V.)
        2.   Boilers firing more than one fuel (in conjunction
            with gasification plant).
              Formula for Standard:
                ET = E0Q0+EcQc+EgQg
              where ET is the total allowed emission in
              pounds per given period of time;
               Eo is the allowed emission from oil in Ib/MM
                   Btu's;
               Ec is the allowed emission from coal in Ib/MM
                   Btu's;
               E- is the allowed emission from gas in Ib/MM
                o
                   Btu's;
               Q0 is the heat released by the oil based on
                   the higher heating value in Btu's per period
                   of time;
               Qc is the heat released by the coal based on
                   the higher heating value in Btu's per period
                   of time;
               Qg is the heat released by the gas based on
                   the lower heating value in Btu's per period of
                   time.
            Additionally, maximum  emissions of particulates two
            microns or less  (equivalent aerodynamic diameter)  are
            limited by:
               Ef = 0.40 Ec  (Q0 +  Qc + Qg)
                          36

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)

            where  Ef is maximum emissions in Ib/given time
            period, and other terms are as defined in 2.a) above.
       3.   Coal briquet forming facilities
              Standard:  0.03 gr/SCF exit gas (with particulate
                         emissions limited to stack outlets with-
                         in technical feasibility).
        4.  Stack Design.  All particulate emissions are to be
            through stacks at least ten diameters in length with
            adequate platforms and parts for sampling.
        5.  Fugitive Dust.  No material shall be handled, trans-
            ported, stored or disposed of and no building or road
            shall be used, constructed, altered or demolished
            without taking reasonable precautions to prevent
            particulates from becoming airborne.
    F.  Coal Preparation, Handling, and Mining
        1.  Standard for any thermal dryer:  0.031 gr/DSCF
              effluent gas (Federal)
        2.  Standard for any pneumatic coal  cleaning equipment:
              0.018 gr/DSCF effluent gas (Federal)
        3.  Coal preparation plants.  All crushers, conveyors,
            screens, cleaners, hoppers, and  chutes, which are
            designed for continuous transportation or preparation
            of coal shall be equipped with hoods, shields,  or
            sprays where reasonably necessary to  prevent  airborne
            particulate matter.   (New Mexico)
        U.  Coal mines-roads.  Main coal haulage  roads  shall be
            sprayed or otherwise  treated where  reasonably
            necessary  to prevent  airborne particulate matter.
            (New Mexico)
G.  Incinerators
    1.  Standards  Based on Refuse  Charge Rate
                            37

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)

        Refuse Charge Rate, Ib/hr   Standard, gr/SCF Exahaust Gas
                                    (vol. corrected to 125& C02)

            60,000                    0.05 (Illinois)
             5,000                    0.08 (Federal, Illinois)
             1,000                    0.10 (Montana, others)
              500                      0.10 (Montana, others)
              100                      0.10 (Montana, others)

        Refuse Charge Rate. Ib/hr   Standard, lb/100 Ib charged

              500 (and higher rates)    0.10 (Ohio)
              100                       0.20 (Ohio)

        2.  Emissions with an excess of 100 ppm total carbonyls
            in the exhaust gases are prohibited.  Operation shall
            only be during daylight hours unless permission for
            other operation is obtained from the Department.
            (Washington)
IV. Carbon Monoxide
    A.   General Sources
        1.  Emissions shall be limited so as to prevent ambient
            air standards for CO from being exceeded.
            Appropriate means are use of a direct flame
            afterburner or other Division approved means of equal
            effectiveness.  (Wyoming)
        2.  All sources of CO shall control CO emissions by use
            of the best currently available control technology
            (BCACT,  Ohio).
    B.   Petroleum Refineries or Processes

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)
        1.  Any petroleum processing facility.
            a)  A waste gas stream shall be burned in a direct
                flame afterburner or CO boiler so that a
                concentration of no more than 200 ppm (vol.,
                corrected to 50% excess air) CO is emitted or
                shall be treated by other equivalent and Agency
                approved control technology.  (Catalyst
                regenerators of fluidized catalytic converters
                equipped for in situ combustion of CO may emit CO
                concentrations up to 350 ppm corrected to 50%
                excess air.  (Illinois) (The Federal standard and
                that of many states is 0.050? (vol.) in effluent
                gas.)
            b)  Waste gas streams with CO from any catalyst re-
                generation of a petroleum cracking system,
                petroleum fluid coker, or any other petroleum
                process must be burned at 1300°F  for 0.3 sec or
                longer in a direct-flame afterburner or boiler
                with indicating pyrometer.  (Alabama, Ohio)
        2.  Any petroleum process.
            Emissions shall be reduced by complete secondary
            combustion (93/& removal of CO or more) of the waste
            gas stream.  (Oklahoma)
        Fuel Burning Equipment
        1.  Facilities with >10 MM Btu/hr actual  heat input.
              200 ppm CO (corrected to 50%  excess air).
              (Illinois)
        2.  Effluent streams with  CO  shall  be burned  in a
            direct-flame afterburner  or boiler or controlled by
            other Board approved means. • (Indiana)
                           39

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS    (CONT)

    D.  Incinerators
        1.  Any incinerator
              500 ppm (corrected to 50$ excess air).  (Illinois)
        2.  Any effluent streams with CO shall be burned  in a
            direct-flame afterburner or boiler or controlled by
            other Board approved means.  (Indiana)
V.  Odors
    A.  Odors from I^S or Mercaptans.
        Emissions containing I^S or mercaptans shall be incine-
        rated  at 1200°F or higher for at least 0.3 sec before
        discharge to the atmosphere or treated by alternate means
        shown to the Department to be at least as effective.
        (Pennsylvania)
    B.  Any source (some of the standards below represent similar
        requirements stated in slightly different ways by
        different states).
           Malodorous air from any source whatsoever, regardless
           of compliance with other odor standards [in these
           regulations]  shall not be emitted such that any odor
           is detectable beyond the property line of such source.
            (Pennsylvania)
           Best available control technology as approved by the
           Board shall  be used to limit odorous emissions from
           any odor emitting source.   No odor,  except for
           accidental or other infrequent emissions, that would
           be objectionable to a person of ordinary sensibility
           shall be emitted from a facility.  (Virginia)
           The discharge of gases,  vapors,  .or odors beyond the
           property line of an odor source so that a public
           nuisance is  created is prohibited.  (Montana)
           No odor shall be detectable  from a sample taken at the
           property line of an odor source  after  dilution with up
           to seven volumes of odor free air as determined by the

                           40

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)

           Barneby-Cheney Co.'s centometer or equivalent and
           approved method.  Effective odor control devices or
           systems shall be installed and operated such that
           odors in excess of the above are not created in areas
           adjacent to the source property line.  (Wyoming;
           Missouri requires two separate tests not less than 15
           minutes apart each hour.)
           Handling and storage.  Odor producing materials shall
           be stored and handled so that accompanying odors do
           not create a public muisance; accumulation of such
           quantities of these materials as to permit their
           escape or spillage shall be prohibited.  (Montana)
    C.  Incinerators
        1.  Incinerators, including all associated equipment and
            grounds, shall be designed and operated in  such
            manner as necessary to prevent emission of
            objectionable odors.  (Ohio, Alabama, Missouri)
VI. Sulfur Dioxide and Sulfur
    A.  Fuel Burning Equipment - Sulfur Emissions Standards
        (Kansas)
          _>250 MM Btu/hr: 1.5 Ib/MM Btu
    B.  Fuel Burning Equipment - S02 Standards
        1.  Specific fuels
            Gas fired - S02 Standard: 0.16 Ib/MM  Btu L.H.V.
              (N.M. - Gasification Plants)
            Residual oil fired* - S02 Standard:
                440 ppm (vol.) S02 emissions  concentration
                  (Texas)
                >115 MM Btu/hr:  0.31* Ib/MM  Btu (N.M.;  Federal  =
                  0.8   Ib/MM Btu)
*(At very high rates the Kentucky  S02  standard  formula  will
 be more stringent.  This  formula  for  oil  fired  equipment  is:
 Y r 7.7223X-O.U106.)
                           41

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)

            Distillate fuel oil fired - S02 Standard:
               >250 MM Btu/hr:  0.3 Ib/MM Btu (Illinois)
            Coal fired - S02 Standard:  >250 MM Btu/hr:  0.2
                 Ib.MM Btu (Wyoming; Federal = 1.2 Ib/MM Btu)
              <250 MM Btu/hr:  1.2 Ib/MM Btu (Oklahoma)
        2.   Any fuel
            S02 Standard: 1.0 Ib/MM Btu (Ohio);  also
            500 ppm (vol.)(Alaska)
        3.   Combination fuel fired.  Several states have heat
            input dependent formulae for the S02 standard for
            combination fuels.

              E = (0.8Y+1.2Z)/(Y+Z)

                  where:  E is the maximum rate of emission,
                            Ib/MM Btu heat input (2 hr. avg.);
                          Y is the % of total heat input from
                            liquid fuel;  and
                          E is the % of total heat input from
                            solid fuel
    C.   General Standards
        1.   S02 Standards:
              250 ppm (vol.)  (British Columbia)
              1000 Ib/hr in exit  gas (Mo.).   Exceptions (Mo.):
              where S02 concentrations in ambient air at
              occupied places beyond emitting source premises
              don't exceed  0.25 ppm (vol.),  1  *ir.  avg., max.
              over once in  a 4 day period;  or
              0.07 ppm (vol.),  24 hr.   avg.,  max. over once  in a
              90  day period.
    2.   Net  S02 ground level  concentrations   (Texas)
        0.4  ppm,  30 min.   avg., (allows exemptions when source
        meets  Federal New Source  Performance  Standards, utilizes
        best available control technology,  and doesn't cause or
                          42

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)
        contribute to SC>2 primary and secondary ambient
        standards being exceeded in area.  Several non-attainment
        counties have a 0.28 ppm, 30 rain,  average maximum).
D.  Processes
    1.  Gasification Plants - S emissions (New Mexico):
        .008 Ib/MM Btu heat input (HHV) in feed to plant
    2.  Sources other than fuel burning equipment and petroleum
        refineries - S02 Standards based on effluent concen-
        trations.
        500 ppm (vol.) - current (Colo.)
        500 ppm (vol.) and emissions of not greater than 5T
          S02 per day from any process unit (applies only to
          S02 concentra  ons of 150 ppm (vol.) or more  -
          effective on 1/1/85 and applies to new sources after
          1/1/80 (Colorado)
    3.  Process with >250 MM Btu/hr heat input
        Ep = 19. 5P0-6? (Indiana)
          where Ep = S02 in Ib/hr
              P = total process weight input capacity  in T/hr
          at  P = 500 T/hr, Ep = 1254 Ib/hr
    4.  Ground level concentrations limits (if emitting >10
          Ib/hr S02)  (Indiana):
                     V
                           ahg
            where Cmax> = max. hourly ground  level  cone,  with
            respect to distance and  at  the  "critical  wind speed
            for level terrain" resulting  from the point  source.
            cmax. shall not  exceed 900  ug/m3  in  areas
            where ambient air quality is  better  than  applicable
            SC-2 secondary ambient air quality standards.

    5.  Regardless of the specific emission standard  applicable
        in this regulation,  emission sources  shall  utilize the
                           43

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)
            best available control technology as deemed
            appropriate by the Board.  (Tennessee)
        Sulfur Recovery Plants
        1.  S02 Standards - basis of Ibs/lb S entering any
            size facility:  .01 Ib/lb S. (Ohio, Okla.)
        2.  S02 Standards - basis of Ib/hr S02 allowed
            Texas formulae:
            >4000 SCFM effluent gas rate
               E = 0.614 qO.8042
            <_ 4000 SCFM effluent gas rate
               E = 123.4 + 0.091 q  (q = effluent gas rate;
                    SCFM)
            Texas Standard at  Rate Shown:
              % 1 MM SCFM, E = 41,055 Ib/hr
              §.237 MM SCFM,  E = 6449 Ib/hr
              § 3 M SCFM,  E =  396.4 Ib/hr
        3.  S.  recovery plants in conjunction with natural gas
            processing:  100 Ib S02/nr,  max.   2 hr.  avg.
            (Okla.)
        4.  Also see VII D.5.  - H2S from sulfur recovery
            plants in conjunction with petroleum processing
            facilities.  (New  Mexico)  That provision will
            generally be more  stringent  where applicable.
        Sulfuric Acid Producing Facilities (Wyoming)
        Processes producing H2SOij by the contact method
        burning elemental  sulfur, hydrogen sulfide,  organic
        sulfides, mercaptans,  or acid sludge  shall limit  S02
        emissions in all effluent streams to:
            not over 4  Ib/T of acid produced, max. 2  hr.  avg.
        Petroleum Processing Facilities
        1.  Definition.  "Plant processes"  includes  but is not
            limited  to  hydrogenation sweetening units, hydro-

                          44

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS'   (CONT)
            cracking units, fuel burning equipment including
            flares and incinerators, sweetening system regener-
            ation units, sour water strippers, and similar sulfur
            releasing systems.  Catalyst cracking regeneration
            units other than hydrocracking units, boilers, or
            process heaters are not included if total emissions
            from them are less than 2.5T of S per day. (New
            Mexico)

            Refinery plant processes  (New Mexico)
            avg. S released per day >5T<30 T:
              .10 Ib of S/lb S released in plant processes
            avg. S released per day >^30 T:
              .02 Ib of S/lb of S released in plant processes
            Fuel-gas burning equipment (New Mexico)
                Ib of S in effluent gas not to exceed a quantity
                equivalent to an S content of fuel gas entering
                of 10 gr/100 SCF of gas.
            Fuel gas combustion devices in petroleum refineries
            (Federal).
                Fuel gas  containing H2S in excess of 0.10
                gr/DSCF shall not be burned in any fuel gas  com-
                bustion device.  However, the combustion  exhaust
                gases may alternately be treated so that  the
                S02 emissions control is the  equivalent with
                respect to S02 of compliance  with  this I^S
                content regulation.
            Alabama regulations, which cover  petroleum facilities
            handling natural or refinery (process) gas containing
            more than 0.10 gr I^S/SCF of gas  could be more
            stringent in certain isolated cases.   These
                           45

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS    (CONT)
            regulations have an increment correction factor
            (additional S02 emission allowed) dependent on
            mol % H2S in the dry acid gas up to 60 mol %
            H2S.  Alabama also has a requirement that a
            demonstration be made that the S02 emitted will
            not cause or contribute to non-attainment of any
            primary or secondary ambient air standards.  For
            reference only the basic uncorrected Alabama
            regulations are as follows:
            >10 Lt <5Q LT available S per day:
                560 Ib/hr
            >50 Lt _< 100 LT available S per day:
                0.10 Ibs S02/lb of S processed
            >100 LT available S per day:
                0.08 Ibs S02/lb S processed
     H. Standards for Sulfur Content of Fuels (as S). (Montana)
        1.  Liquid or Solid Fuel
            a)  Max. S in Fuel: 1 Ib/MM Btu fired
        2.  Gaseous Fuels
            a)  Max. S in Fuel (calculated as H2S):
                  50 gr/100 SCF of fuel
        3.  Exceptions and exemptions to the standards in i. and
            2. are listed.
VII. Hydrogen Sulfide
     A. Any source-general (Texas)
        1.  Max. net ground level concentration.
            a)  Where residential,  business or commercial
                property downwind of H2S source is  affected
                  0.08 ppm, 30 min.  avg.
            b)  Where I^S source affects only downwind pro-
                perty used for other than the purposes listed in
                l.a) above (such as industrial, vacant tracts, or
                range lands not normally inhabited.)
                  0.12 ppm, 30 min.  avg.
                           46

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          MOST  STRINGENT  AIR  QUALITY  STANDARDS

 B.  Gasification  Plants  (New  Mexico)
    1.   100  ppm (vol.) in effluent  gas,  to  any  combination  of
        H2S,  carbon  disulfide,  and  carbon oxysulfide,  and
    2.   10 ppm  (vol.)  in  effluent  gas,  max.  H2S component
        in combined  effluent  gas.
?.   Processes
    1.   H2S  emission rate  (or  rate to  any  combustion
        device)  (Kansas):
        10 gr/100 ft3  of  gas  emitted  (or fed to combus-
        tion device);  except  combustion of  fuels where the
        gaseous products  are  used  as  other  process raw
        materials.
    2.   Limits  on H2S  in  ambient air  in inhabited areas
        beyond  the  source premises  where concentrations  are
        attributable to  such  source.   (Missouri)
            0.03  ppm (vol.),  30 min.   avg.,  not more than
              twice  in any 5  consecutive days
            0.05  ppm (vol.),  30 min.   avg.,  not more than
              twice  per  year
    3.   Effluent  gas from H2S process sources shall be
        vented, incinerated,  flared or otherwise disposed  of
        so that ambient  H2S and S02 standards are not
        exceeded.  (Wyoming)
).   Petroleum Processing  Facilities
    1.   Fuel combustion  devices (Federal):
        Fuel gas  containing H2S in excess of 0.10 gr/DSCF
        gas  shall not  be  burned.  The exhaust gases may
        alternatively be  treated so that equivalent S02
        emission control  is obtained upon such showing to  the
        satisfaction of  the EPA Administrator.
          Exceptions.   Flaring of process upset gas or of the
          process or fuel gas from relief valve leakage is
          exempt from the above.

                         47

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)
            Maximum H2S'concentration in refinery process
            gases emitted or combusted:    150 ppm  (Alabama)
            Ground level  H2S concentration beyond source
            premises for  facilities handling natural or refinery
            (process)  gas containing more than 0.10 gr
            H2S/SCF.  (Alabama)
            Stream shall  be burned to maintain a 20 ppb
            concentration,  averaged over a 30 min. period.
            (Determination  of such concentration from waste
            gas or emergency flaring to assume only 7558 of heat
            of combustion is used to heat products of
            combustion).
            H2S emissions shall be controlled by removal of
            H2S from exhaust gas or H2S oxidation to
            S02 in a system insuring complete oxidation of
            H2S at all  times.  H2S limits in either type
            of control  system shall be:   (Oklahoma)
              0.3  Ib/hr of  H2S, 2 hr.   avg.;  and 95% removal
              of H2S in exhaust gas Any oxidation system
            shall  utilize a stack at least 50 feet in height.
            Such system shall not be allowed to emit over 100
            Ib/hr  of SOX  (expressed as S02 2 hr. avg.)
            unless there  is a prior removal step meeting Oklahoma
            SOX limitations.
            H2S from petroleum processing facilities includ-
            ing sulfur  recovery plants in conjunction with such
            facilities  (New Mexico).   Either:
            a)   10 ppm  (vol.)  max.  in  effluent  gas;  or
            b)   the effluent  gas shall be passed through suit-
                able equipment to oxidize the H2S to S02
            c)   Flares  which  may flare gas with over 10 ppm of
                H2S shall utilize alarms  to signal non-combustion
                of the gas.
                               48

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)
        6.  Glaus Sulfur Recovery Plants.  No discharge shall be
            allowed of any gases to the atmosphere containing in
            excess of:
            a)  0.025$ (vol.) of S02 at 0.0% 03, dry
                basis, where emissions are controlled by an
                oxidation control system, or a reduction control
                system followed by incineration, or
            b)  0.030% (vol.) of reduced sulfur compounds and
                0.001$ (vol.) of H2S calculated as S02,
                at 0.0$ 02 on a dry basis, if emissions are
                controlled by a reduction control system not
                followed by incineration.
VIII.  Sulfur Content of Fuels
       A.  Maximum Sulfur Content (wt % S or as noted)
           Any fuel oil             1.5$ (Utah)
           Distillate fuel oil
                  #1                0.3$ (Idaho)
                  #2                0.5$ (Idaho)
           Coal (Solid)             1.0$ (Idaho)
                                    1  Ib S/MM Btu input
                                     (Montana)*
           Gaseous fuel             50 gr (as H2S)/100 SCF of
                                    fuel in (Montana)*
IX. H2SC>4, Sulfuric Acid Mist, S03
    A.  Emissions of H2SOn or SO^ (or combination)
        1. 35 mg (as H2SC>4)/m3 of effluent gas
           (Missouri)
•Montana allows higher sulfur content fuels with proper  approval
where such fuels are mixed with lower sulfur-containing  fuels  so
that the mixture doesn't exceed the standard.  Montana also
allows S02 emission control in the alternative if  such
control will be equivalent in terms of sulfur emitted  (in  Ib/hr)
                                49

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 MOST  STRINGENT  AIR  QUALITY  STANDARDS   (CONT)
         2.  Process  sources  not  including  sulfuric  acid
            manufacturing  sources  (Illinois)
              equivalent sulfuric  acid  usage  <1300  tons  per  year
              (100$  acid basis)
                0.10 Ib in any 1 hr  period
              equivalent sulfuric  acid  usage  >^ 1300 tons per year)
              (100$  acid basis)
                0.50 Ib /T of H2SOij  used
    B.   Concentration of H2SOi4  or SO^  (or  combination)
         in  Ambient  Air in Inhabited Areas  beyond Source Premises
         (Missouri)
          0.03  mg (as F^SOip/mS,  30 min avg.,  not
            over once in 48 hrs.
          0.01  mg (as H2SOi})/m3,  24 hr avg.,  not over
            once in  90 days
          100 ug/m3  of air  (std)  at any time
    C.  Net Ground  Level Concentration (Texas)
          15 ug/m3  of air (std),  24 hr avg.
          50 ug/m3  of air (std),  1  hr avg., measured more
             than once in any 24  hr period.
X.   Other Miscellaneous Sulfur Compounds
     A.  Mercaptans
         1.  Petroleum processing facilities:
             Emissions of mercaptans shall be  either: not greater
             than 0.25 Ib/hr (total  mercaptans), or controlled by
             passing through a combustion device which  will
             achieve complete combustion or any other equally
             efficient device for control of mercaptans.  (New
             Mexico)
XI.  Gasification Plants - Other  Contaminants
     A.  HCN Standard.
           10 ppm (vol.)  in effluent gas (New  Mexico)

                             '  50

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)
     B.  NH3 Standard.
           25 ppm (vol.) in effluent gas (New Mexico)
           Additionally any stationary tanks holding NH^
           shall be:
               A pressure tank capable of maintaining working
             pressures sufficient to prevent loss of NH^ to
             the atmosphere, or
               Equipped with other equally effective control
             equipment to prevent loss of NH^ to the
             atmosphere.  (New Mexico)
     C.  Hydrogen Chloride/Hydrochloric Acid Standard.
           5 ppm (vol.), any combination of hydrogen chloride and
           hydrochloric aci^ in effluent gas.  (New Mexico)
XII. Hazardous Air Pollutants
     A.  Definitions.  "Hazardous air pollutants" means an air
         pollutant to which no ambient air quality standard is
         applicable and which in the judgement of the Adminis-
         trator causes or contributes to air pollution which may
         reasonably be anticipated to result in an increase in
         mortality or an increase in serious irreversible or
         incapacitating reversible illness.  (Federal)
     B.  Mercury (Federal)
         1.  Definition.  "Mercury" means the element mercury,
             excluding any associated elements, and includes
             mercury in particulate, vapors, aerosols, and
             compounds.
         2.  Emission standard.  Emissions from sludge incinera-
             tion plants, sludge plants, or combinations of these
             that process wastewater treatment plant sludges
             shall not exceed 7.05 pounds of mercury per 2^-hour
             period.
                               51

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)
     C.  Beryllium
         1.  Federal Standard.
             Affected facilities.  Extraction plants, ceramic
             plants, foundries, incinerators, and propellant
             plants which process beryllium ore, beryllium,
             beryllium oxide, beryllium alloys, or
             beryllium-containing waste.

             Emission Standard.  Emissions from stationary
             sources subject to this provision shall not exceed
             10  grams of beryllium over a 24-hour period.
         2.  Texas Concentration Stand^  d
               0.01 ug/m3,  24 hr avg. (To be measured by the
               difference between upwind and downwind
               concentration levels for the source premises, or
               by stack sampling, calculated to a downwind
               concentration (details in appendices of Texas Air
               Regulations.)
     D.  Hazardous Pollutants - General
         1.  The utmost consideration shall be given to the
             potential harmful effects of and effective control
             methods for discharages to the open atmosphere of
             hazardous matters including, but not limited to,
             antimony, arsenic, asbestos, beryllium, bismuth,
             lead, mercury,  silica,  tin and compounds of such
             materials.   Evaluation of these sources and the
             control methods designed and proposed will be made
             on  a case-by-case basis by the Department.
             (Kentucky)
     E.   Two  of  the selected states, Virginia and Colorado, have
         chosen  to incorporate into  their hazardous contaminants
         category extensive  lists of elements and compounds from
                               52

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS  (CONT)

          sources outside the EPA which are aimed primarily at
          protecting humans from excessive exposure levels of
          these contaminants.  Virginia has incorporated the OSHA
          air contaminants list in 29CFR 1910.1000 while Colorado
          has incorporated the ACGIH's published list of
          "threshold Limit Values" (TLV's) as adopted at the ACGIH
          35th Annual Meeting in May 1973.  The method each of
          these states utilizes to determine standards and to
          enforce such levels for these substances is described in
          their respective synopses, which also include copies of
          the complete lists.  No attempt has been made to
          identify relevant compounds on these lists for this
          project as this falls in line with other work projected
          for the future work.
XIII. Other Non-Federal Contaminant Regulations Unique to One or
      Only a Few States
      A.  Ice Fog (Alaska)
          1.  Any person proposing to build or operate an
              industrial process, fuel burning equipment, or an
              incinerator in an area of potential ice fog may be
              required to reduce water emissions and to obtain an
              operating permit.
      B.  General Gaseous Emission Standards
          1.  Non-process  (Tennessee)
              a)  Definitions.  "Air contaminant source" for
                  subsection B.I. means any and all sources of
                  emission of air contaminants, whether privately
                  or publicly owned.  Without limiting the
                  generality of the foregoing, this term includes
                  all types of business, commercial and indust-
                  rial plants, works, shops, and stores, and
                  heating and power plants and stations,
                  buildings and other structures of all types,

                               53

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS  (CONT)

                 incinerators of all types (indoor and outdoor),
                 refuse dumps and piles, and all stack and other
                 chimney outlets from any of the foregoing.
             b)   Standard.  Air contaminant sources shall install
                 and utilize the best currently available
                 equipment and control technology.

         2.   Process (Tennessee)
             Gaseous air contaminant sources shall utilize
             equipment and technology deemed reasonable and
             proper by the Board for control of emissions of such
             contaminants.
     C.   Mineral  Acids - Nitric Acid Mist or Vapor, Hydrochloric
         Acid Mist or Vapor
         1.   Allowable stack gas concentration from any
             stationary sources.
              Nitric Acid Mist and/or Vapor:   70 mg/DSCM
              (West Virginia)
              Hydrochloric Acid Mist and/or Vapor:  210  mg/DSCM
              (West Virginia)
     D.   Fluorides
         1.   Inorganic fluoride compounds
              6  ppb (vol., 3  hr avg.,  expressed as HF),  (Texas)
         2.   Fluorine, fluorides (Idaho)
             It is prohibited  to discharge such quantities (in
             combination with  all other  sources of fluorine and
             fluorides,  both natural and  man-made)  that  the total
             fluoride content  in vegetation for feed or  forage
             resulting from contact  with  the  ambient air  exceeds:
             a)   400 ppm (dry)  - annual  arithematic mean
                              54

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)

             b)  60 ppm (dry) - monthly cone, for 2 consecutive
                 months
             c)  80 ppm (dry) - monthly cone, never to be
                 exceeded
     3.  Phosphate, phosphorite, or phosphorous processing
         equipment and other fluoride processing or treating
         equipment.  (Montana)
         a)  Any phosphate rock or phosphorite or phosphoric acid
             processing equipment, or equipment processing
             fluorides enriched wastewater or fluorides in
             gaseous or particulate form or combinations.
               0.3 Ib/T of P2°5 introduced (fluoride re-
               leasing processes)
         b)  Pond emission-,  Any fluoride emissions from storage
             ponds, settling basins, ditches, liquid holding or
             conveying tank or device associated with facilities
             in 3.a) above.
               108 ug/cm2/28 days (calcium formate method)
XIV. Stationary Gas Turbines (Federal - Standards of Performance
     for Stationary Sources)
     A.  Affected facilities:  This subpart  shall be applicable
         to all stationary gas turbines with a heat input at peak
         load  equal to or greater than 10.7 gigajoules per  hour,
         based on the lower heating value of the fuel fired.
     B.  Definitions
         1.  "Stationary gas turbine" means  any simple cycle gas
             turbine, regenerative cycle gas turbine or any gas
             turbine portion of a combined cycle steam/electric
             generating system that is not self-propelled.  It
             may, however, be mounted on a vehicle for
             portability.
                               55

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)

         2.  "Simple cycle gas turbine" means any stationary gas
             turbine which does not recover heat from the gas
             turbine exhaust gases to preheat the inlet
             combustion air to the gas turbine, or which does not
             recover heat from the gas turbine exhaust gases to
             heat water or generate steam.
         3.  "Regenerative cycle gas turbine" means any
             stationary gas turbine which recovers heat from the
             gas turbine exhaust gases to preheat the inlet
             combustion air to the gas turbine.
         4.  "Combined cycle gas turbine" means any stationary
             gas turbine which recovers heat from the gas turbine
             exhaust gases to heat water or generate steam.
     C.   Emission Standards for Nitrogen Oxides (NOV)
                                                   J\,
         1.  Gas turbines with heat rate at peak load >^ 14.4
             kilojoules per watt hr (lower heating value of
             fuel).
               NOX emissions, E,  in exit gases not to exceed:
                 E = 0.0075 + F
               where:
                 E = maximum NOX  emissions in % by volume
                     (at 15$ Q£ and on dry basis)
                 F = NOX emission allowance for fuel bound
                     nitrogen as  defined in subpart C.3. below.
         2.  Gas turbines with heat rate at peak load < 14.4
             kilojoules per watt  hr (lower heating value of
             fuel) .
               NOX emissions,  E,  in exit gases not to exceed:
                 E = 0.0075 14-4    +  F
                              Y
                              56

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)

               where:
                 E = maximum NOX emissions in % by volume
                     (at 15% 02 and on dry basis)
                 Y = manufacturer's rated heat duty at peak load
                     in kilojoules per watt hour.
                 F = NOX emission allowance for fuel bound
                     nitrogen as defined in C.3. below.
         3.  The term F shall be defined according to the
             nitrogen content of the fuel as follows:

             Fuel Bound N*                        F
             (% by Wt)                      (NOX % by vol.)
             N < 0.015                             0
             0.015 < N _< 0.1                       0.04  (N)
             0.1 < N <_ 0.25                0.004 + 0.0067  (N-Oil)
             N < 0.25                              0.005

             *N = Weight % nitrogen in the fuel
         U.  Exemptions from NOX Emission Standards
             a)  Stationary gas turbines with  a heat input  at
                 peak load of 107.2 gigajoules per hour  (100 MM
                 Btu/hr) or less (lower heating value of fuel) -
                 exempt for not more than 5 years from proposal
                 date of these rules.
             b)  Stationary gas turbines using water or  steam
                 injection for control of NOX  emissions  -
                 exempt when ice fog is deemed a  traffic hazard
                 by  turbine owner  or operator.
             c)  Emergency standby gas turbines, military gas
                 turbines other than at garrison  facilities,  and
                 fire-fighting gas turbines.
                                57

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MOST STRINGENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS   (CONT)
     D.  Emission Standards for Sulfur Dioxide (802)
         1.  Maximum Emission Rate in Exit Gases
             0.015$ S02 (by vol., at 15% 02 and on dry
             basis)
         2.  Use of fuel sulfur content in determination of
             compliance with subpart D.I.  This method may be
             utilized in the alternative with a maximum sulfur
             content of 0.8$ by weight in any fuel burned by a
             gas turbine under such circumstances.
                               58

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IX.        ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY  - EFFLUENT
                GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS
The Environmental Protection Agency  (EPA), under the authority of
the Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972, has
promulgated effluent limitation guidelines and standards which
have direct applicability to approximately forty specific
categories (e.g. petroleum refineries, fertilizer manufacturing,
plastics and synthetics, chemical manufacturing and coal mining).

Even though there is no specific category directly applicable to
coal conversion facilities (i.e. gasification or liquefaction),
the coal mining category establishes criteria for  the coal
preparation plants and associated areas subcategory which
pertains to the preparation and storage of coal.

Listed below are various effluent limitations as related to
various point source categories to illustrate the types and  char-
acteristics of effluent limitations  which should be considered
within the design of a coal conversion facility.

I.  Coal Mining Point Source Category, Coal Preparation Plants
    and Associated Areas (40 JFR 434.2 Subpart B, 42 FR 21380,
    April 25. 1977)	

    The provisions of this subpart are applicable to discharges
    from coal preparation plants and associated areas  related to
    the cleaning or beneficiation of coal of any rank, and the
    following limitations establish  the concentrations of
    pollutants which may be discharged after application of  the
    best practicable control technology currently available.

    A.   Where discharges are normally acidic prior to  treatment:

         Effluent
        Characteristics            Effluent Limitations

                                               Average of Daily
                               Maximum for      Values for 30
                                Any  1 Day      Consecutive Days

         Iron (total)            7.0 mg/1           3.5 mg/1
         Manganese (total)       4.0 mg/1           2.0 mg/1
         TSS                     70  mg/1            35 mg/1
         pH                      Within the
                                 range 6.0
                                 to  9.0
                                 59

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               EPA  -  EFFLUENT  GUIDELINES  AND  STANDARDS


      B.   Where, discharges  are normally alkaline  prior  to
          treatment:

           Effluent
          Characteristics              Effluent  Limitations

                                               Average  of  Daily
                               Maximum for       Values  for 30
                                Any  1 Day      Consecutive Days

          Iron  (total)            7.0 mg/1            3.5 mg/1
          TSS                     70  mg/1             35 mg/1
          pH                      Within  the
                                 range 6.0
                                 to  9.0

          There  is, however, an exception to  the  above  listed
          discharge limitations and that  is the provision that  any
          untreated overflow,  increase la volume  of a point source
          discharge,  or discharge from a  by-pass  system  from
          facilities  designed  and maintained  to contain or  treat  the
          discharges  from facilities  and  areas  which  would  result
          from a 10-year 24-hour precipitation  event  (i.e.   the
          maximum 24-hour precipitation event with a  probable
          re-occurence interval of once in 10 years as defined  by
        the National Weather  Service and Technical Paper No. 40)
          shall not be subject to the limitations as  set forth
          above.

     C.   Definitions.

          1.  The term "Coal  preparation plant", as  defined  by  EPA
              regulations, means a facility where coal is  crushed,
              screened, sized, cleaned, dried, or otherwise prepared
              and loaded for  transit to a consuming  facility.

          2.  "Coal  preparation plant associated areas" means  the
              coal preparation plant yards, immediate access roads,
              slurry ponds, drainage ponds, coal refuse piles  and
              coal storage piles and facilities.

I. A.  Coal Mining Source Category,  Coal Preparation Plants and
       Associated Areas, PROPOSED RULES  (40 CFR 434.25 Subpart
       B,  42 FR 46932. September 19.  1977)	

       The following limitations establish the concentrations  of
       pollutants which may be discharged bjr a point source sub-
       ject to the provisions of thie subpart after  application
       of the best available demonstrated control technology.
                                                     «

                              60

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       EPA - EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS
A.  Discharge of process wastewater pollutants from faci-
    lities which recycle wastewater for use in processing
    shall not exceed the following limitation:

    1.  If the discharges from that point source normally
        are acidic prior to treatment:
        Effluent
        Characteristics
                         Effluent
                         Limitations
                            Maximum For
                            Any One Day
                                     Average of Daily
                                     Values For 30
                                     Consecutive Days
    2.
        TSS
        Iron  (Total)
        Manganese (Total)
        pH
                    70.0 mg/1
                     3.5 mg/1
                     4.0 mg/1
                    within the range
                    6.0 to 9.0
  35.0 mg/1
   3.0 mg/1
   2.0 mg/1
If the discharges from that point source normally are
alkaline prior to treament:
        Effluent
        Characteristics
        TSS
        Iron  (Total)
        pH
                         Effluent
                         Limitations
                    Maximum For
                    Any One Day

                    70.0 mg/1
                     3.5 mg/1
                    within the range
                    6.0 to 9.0
Average of Daily
Values for 30
Consecutive Days

  35.0 mg/1
   3.0 mg/1
B.  Facilities which do not  recycle  wastewater  for  use  in
    processing shall not  discharge process  wastewater
    pollutants into navigable  waters.

C.  Exception

    Any excess water resulting from  rainfall  or snow melt,
    discharged from facilities designed,  constructed,  and
    maintained to  contain or treat the  volume of water  which
    would  result from  a  10-year 24-hour precipitation  event,
    shall  not be subject  to  the limitations set forth  above.
                         61

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              EPA - EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS
 II.
 Petroleum Refining Point Source Category (40 CFR 419 Subpart
 B - Cracking Subcategory)	

The provisions of this subpart are applicable to all
discharges from any facility which produces petroleum by the
use of topping and cracking, whether or not the facility
includes any process in addition to topping and cracking.
     A.
III.
    The following are standards of performance for new
    sources.
          Effluent
           Characteristic
                              Effluent Limitations
                              (Pounds/1000 bbl Feed Stock)
         BODc
         TSS
         COD
         Oil and Grease
         Phenolic Compounds
         Ammonia as N
         Sulfide
         Total Chromium
         Hexavalent Chromium
         PH
                          Maximum for
                           Any 1 Day

                            5.8
                            4.0
                           41.5
                            1.7
                            0.042
                            6.6
                            0.037
                            0.084
                            0.0072
                            Within the
                            range 6.0
                            to 9.0
Average of Daily
 Values for 30
Consecutive Days

     3.1
     2.5
    21.0
     0.93
     0.020
     3-0
     0.017
     0.049
     0.0032
 Secondary Treatment Information (40 CFR 133, 42 FR 54664,
 October 7.  1977	      _

 The following describes the minimum level of effluent quality
 attainable  by secondary treatment, and is applicable to
 publicly owned treatment works.
      Condition or Substance

      BOD5
      Suspended Solids
                         30 mg/1 (arithmetic mean of
                             samples collected for 30
                             consecutive days

                             45 mg/1 (arithmetic mean of
                             samples collected for seven
                             consecutive days

                             The Regional Administration (or
                             state) is authorized to adjust
                             minimum levels of effluent
                             to conform to the suspended

                           62

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              EPA - EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS


      Suspended Solids (contd.)   concentrations achievable with
                                  best waste stabilization pond
                                  technology, provided  that 1)
                                  wastes stabilization  ponds  are  the
                                  sole process used for secondary
                                  treatment; 2) the maximum facility
                                  design capacity is two million
                                  gallons per day or less; and 3)
                                  the requirements set  forth  in 40
                                  CFR 133.101  (b)(1);  (b)(2)  and
                                  (b)(3) cannot be achieved.   (42 FR
                                  54664, October 7, 1977).

IV.   Safe Drinking Water Act (December 17,  1974) and Related
     Regulations	

     The National Interim Primary Drinking  Water Regulations
     establish requirements and related regulations applicable to
     public water systems.  (40 CFR  141)  (42 FR 3574,  July  11,  1977)
     (See Part VIII of this Action of the  report for  a complete
     synopsis of these regulations.)

     A.  The applicability of these regulations is to  each  public
         water system unless the public water  system meets  one of
         the following conditions:

         1.  Consists only of distribution  and storage facilities
             (and does not have any collection or treatment
             facilities);

         2.  Obtains all of its water from,  but is not owned  or
             operated by, a public water  system to which  such
             regulations apply;

         3.  Does not sell water to any person; and

         4.  Is not a carrier which conveys passengers in  inter-
             state commerce.

     B.  PROPOSED REGULATIONS under the Safe Drinking  Water  Act  (42
         FR 51621, September 19, 1977)

         The proposed regulations under this part would establish
         procedures for designation of  areas where an  aquifer is  the
         sole or principal source of  drinking  water.   Therefore
         there are no design criteria proposed under  these
         regulations.
                                63

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              EPA - EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS


      Suspended Solids (contd.)   concentrations achievable with
                                  best waste stabilization pond
                                  technology, provided that 1)
                                  wastes stabilization ponds are  the
                                  sole process used for secondary
                                  treatment; 2) the maximum facility
                                  design capacity is two million
                                  gallons per day or less; and 3)
                                  the requirements set forth in 40
                                  CFR 133.101  (b)(1);  (b)(2) and
                                  (b)(3) cannot be achieved.   (42 FR
                                  54664, October 7, 1977).

IV.   Safe Drinking Water Act (December 17, 1974) and Related
     Regulations	

     The National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations
     establish requirements and related regulations applicable to
     public water systems.  (40 CFR  141) (42 FR 3574,  July 11, 1977)
     (See Part X. herein for a complete synopsis of these
     regulations.)

     A.   The applicability of these regulations is to  each public
         water system unless the public water system meets one of
         the following conditions:

         1.  Consists only of distribution and storage facilities
             (and does not have any collection or treatment
             facilities);

         2.  Obtains all of its water from, but is not owned or
             operated by, a public water system to which such
             regulations apply;

         3.   Does not sell water to any person; and

         4.   Is not a carrier which conveys passengers in inter-
             state commerce.

     B.   PROPOSED REGULATIONS under the Safe Drinking Water Act
         (42 FR 51621, September 19,  1977)

         The proposed regulations under this part would establish
         procedures for designation of areas where an aquifer is the
         sole or principal source of drinking water.   Therefore
         there are no design criteria proposed under these
         regulations.
                               64

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              EPA - EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS


V.   Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Pre-treatment
     Standards (40 CFR 128)  (Treatment of Wastewaters from
     Sources Prior to Introduction into Joint Treatment Works)

     These standards would be applicable should an industry
     choose to use a publicly served treatment works for its
     waste water treatment and if it were considered as a major
     contributing industry.

     A.  Prohibited Wastes

         The following wastes shall not be introduced into the
         publicly owned treatment works:

         1.  Wastes which would create a fire or explosion
             hazard.

         2.  Wastes which would cause corrosive structural
             damage, but in no case wastes with a pH lower than
             5.0 unless the treatment works is designed to
             accommodate such wastes.

         3.  Solid or viscous wastes in amounts to interfere  with
             the proper operation of the treatment works.

         4.  Wastes at a flow rate and/or pollutant discharge
             rate over short periods of time which would create
             treatment process upsets.

     B.  Pretreatment for Incompatible Pollutants.

         In addition to the prohibited wastes, the pretreatment
         standards for incompatible pollutants introduced into a
         publicly owned treatment works shall be the effluent
         limitations guidelines defining best practicable control
         technology currently available:  Provided that if the
         treatment works is committed, in its NPDES permit,  to
         removing a specified percentage of any incompatible
         pollutant, the pretreatment standard shall be
         correspondingly reduced for that pollutant, and when
         effluent guidelines for each industry category are
         promulgated, a provision concerning the application  of
         such guidelines to pretreatment will be proposed.

VI.  NPDES PERMIT

    The EPA has a further mechanism by which the discharge  of
    pollutants from a facility is controlled and that  is by  the
    use of the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination Systems
                                65

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               EPA  - EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS


     (NPDES)  Permit.   Any person who intends to make any discharge to
     "navigable waters"  (under the definitions almost any water is
     considered navigable water) must apply for and receive a NPDES
     permit  which will set forth the parameters and conditions of
     discharges.

     These NPDES permits are issued by EPA, except where a state
     has  received authority from the EPA to administer their own
     NPDES permit system.  Before a NPDES permit will be issued
     the  state in which  the discharge originates must certify to
     the  EPA that all discharges will comply with the applicable
     effluent limitations.

 VII.  Proposed EPA  Regulations on Hazardous Substances
      (Proposed December 30,  1975 - No Final Regulations as of April
      15, 1978.)

      The Federal Water  Pollution Control Act of 1972 prohibits
      the unauthorized discharge of oil or hazardous substances in
      harmful quantities.  On December 30,  1975,  the Environmental
      Protection Agency  (EPA) published proposed regulations
      pertaining to the  categorization of some 300 substances,
      including ammonia,  benzine, cyanides and phenol, as
      hazardous and would establish the "harmful quantity" of each
      listed  substance.   The  proposed list of hazardous substances
      and the category of each is available upon request from the
      writers.

      The applicability  of these regulations would be to the
      unauthorized  discharge  of harmful quantities of hazardous
      substances.   EPA has proposed that several hundred sub-
      stances be designated as hazardous and has established the
      harmful  quantity of a hazardous substance on the basis of
      the EPA  designated  toxicity category for the particular
      substance.  Four toxicity categories and the harmful
      quantities would be designated.   These proposed categories
      and quantity  designations are as follows:

      Category         Respective Range     Harmful Quantity (Ibs)

         A            LC50»   Ippm                 1.0
         B            Ippm  LC50  lOppm           10
         C            lOppm   LC50  lOOppm         100
         D            lOOppm  LC50  500ppm        500
*LC50 means that concentration of material  which  is  lethal  to
one-half of the test population  of  aquatic  animals upon
continuous exposure for 96 hours or  less.

                                66

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              EPA - EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS
VIII.Guidelines for the Land Disposal of Solid Wastes
     (40 CFR 241)

     These guidelines contain recommendations and requirements
     which are applicable to land disposal of all solid material
     except for hazardous, agricultural and mining wastes.  The
     requirement sections set forth minimum levels of performance
     required of any solid waste land disposal site.  The  recom-
     mended procedures suggest preferred methods to  realize the
     objectives of the requirements.

     Only those recommended and required provisions  applicable  to
     Air and Water Quality are set  forth below.

     A.  Water Quality.

         1.  Requirement.

             The location, design,  construction  and  operation  of
             the land disposal site shall  conform to the  most
             stringent of arvlicable water quality standards
             established.  In the absence  of  such standards the
             land disposal site shall provide adequate  protection
             to ground and surface  waters  used as drinking water
             supplies.

         2.  Recommended.

             Any disposal plans should  include:

             a.  Current  and projected  use of water  resources.

             b.  Ground water elevation and movement.

             c.  Background and initial quality  of water  resource
                 in  the potential zone  of  influence  of  the land
                 disposal site.

             d.  Description of soil  and  other  geologic materials
                 to  a  depth adequate  to allow evaluation  of the
                 quality  or protection  provided  by  the  soil and
                 other geologic material.

             e.  Provision  for  surface  water  runoff  control.

             f.  Potential  of  leachate  generation and proposed
                 control  systems  for  ground  and  surface water
                 resources.
                                 67

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          EPA  -  EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS
         g.   If  a land  disposal site is located in a flood
             plain,  it  s,hould be protected against at least
             the 50-year  design flood by impervious dikes
             and other  appropriate means so as to prevent the
             floodwaters  from contacting the solid waste.

         h.   Surface  water  courses and runoff should be
             diverted by  means such as trenches,  conduits and
             proper  grading.

         i.   Retention  basins or other approved methods of
             retarding  runoff should be used where necessary.

         j.   Leachate collection and treatment should be used
             where necessary.

B.  Air  Quality

    1.   Requirement.

         a.   The design,  construction and  operation of the
             land disposal  site shall conform to  the appli-
             cable ambient  air quality standards  and source
             control  regulations or state  or local standards
             if  the latter  are more stringent.

         b.   Decomposition  gases generated within the land
             disposal site  shall be controlled on site as
             necessary.

    2.   Recommended.

         a.   Dust control measures  should  be initiated as
             necessary.

         b.   Decomposition  gases should not be allowed to
             migrate  laterally from the land disposal site.

         c.   Decomposition  gases should not be allowed to
             concentrtate in  a manner that will pose an
             explosion  or toxicity  hazard.

C.  Solid Waste Planning and  Disposal  (Proposed  Rules)  (42
    FR 3W6, July 5,  1977)

    These proposed rules solicit  comments,  prior to publication
    of specific proposals  for  further  comments,  for:
                           68

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              EPA - EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS
         1.   Guidelines for Land Disposal of Solid Waste;

         2.   Criteria for Classification of Solid Waste Disposal
             Facilities;

         3.   Guidelines for Land Disposal of Municipal
             Wastewater Treatment Sludge; and

         4.   State Planning Guidelines.

         These provide no proposed design criteria.

IX.    Solid Waste Disposal Act As Amended by the Resource
      Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976	

     A.   Interim guidelines were published by the Environmental
         Protection Agency on May 16, 1977 (42 FR 24926).   These
         guidelines are to assist state and local governments  in
         the identification of areas with common waste  management
         problems (40 CFR 255).

     B.   These guidelines, which take effect June 15, are  for  the
         purpose of encouraging and facilitating the  development
         of regional planning for solid waste management,  the
         identification of solid waste management regions,  and of
         state and local agencies' responsibilities  for putting
         together a state solid waste management plan,  which  is
         required for federal assistance under the  Solid Waste
         Disposal Act.  Therefore, the present guidelines  as  of
         October 31, 1977) provide no design criteria.

     C.   Proposed Rules - Development of Regulations  for The
         Transportation of Hazardous Waste.   (40 CRF  250,  42  FR
         51625, September 29,  1977).

         1.  These proposed rules request certain information to
             be supplied and  propose no design criteria.
                                69

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X.      NATIONAL  INTERIM  PRIMARY DRINKING WATER  REGULATIONS

          Basis:   Code of  Federal  Regulations,  Title  40.
                              Part  141

             Agency:  Environmental Protection Agency

      Note:    1.  These National Interim  Primary Drinking
                  Water Regulations are incorporated into
                  some of the  individual  state's water
                  quality standards,  especially  subpart  B -
                  Maximum Contaminant Levels.

               2.  This synopsis  does  not  include the
                  monitoring and analytical  requirements nor
                  the  reporting  and record-keeping  provisions
                  of the  regulations.

I.  APPLICABILITY

    A.  These  regulations  apply to each  public  water  system
        unless the public  water system meets all of the
        following conditions:

        1. Consists only of distribution  and storage
           facilities (and does not  have  any collection and
           treatment  facilities);

        2. Obtains all of  its water  from, but is not  owned
           or operated by, a public  water system to which
           such regulations apply;

        3. Does not sell water  to  any person; and

        *l. Is not a carrier which  conveys passengers  in
           interstate commerce.

II. MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVELS

    A.  Maximum Contaminant Levels for Inorganic Chemicals.

        1. Contaminant                 Maximum  Level
                                          mg/1
           Arsenic                        0.05
           Barium                         1.0
           Cadmium                        0.01
           Chromium                       0.05
           Lead                           0.05
           Mercury                        0.002
           Nitrate (as N)                 10.0
           Selenium                       0.01
           Silver                         0.05
                                70

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    NATIONAL INTERIM PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS

II.  MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVELS  (CONTD.)

        2. Fluoride

           Temperature, °F                Maximum Level
                                              mg/1	

           53.7 and below                     2.4
           53.8 to 58.3                       2.2
           58.4 to 63.8                       2.0
           63.9 to 70.6                       1.8
           70.7 to 79.2                       1.6
           79.3 to 90.5                       1.4

III. MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVELS FOR ORGANIC CHEMICALS

    The levels for organic chemicals are very specific and
    the detailed regulations should be consulted where
    appropriate to determine applicability.

IV. MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT T"VELS FOR TURBIDITY

    A.  One Turbidity Unit (TU), as determined by a monthly
        average, except that five or fewer turbidity units
        may be allowed if it can be demonstrated that the
        higher turbidity does not do any of the following:

        1. Interfere with disinfection;

        2. Prevent maintenance of an effective disinfecant
           agent throughout the distribution systems; or

        3. Interfere with microbiological determinations  .

    B.  Five turbidity units based on an average for two
        consecutive days.

V.  MAXIMUM MICROBIOLOGICAL CONTAMINANT LEVELS

    A.  Coliform Bacteria

        1. When the membrane filter  technique is used the
           number  of coliform bacteria shall not exceed the
           following:

           a.  1/100 ml as the arithmetic mean of all samples
               examined per month.

          b.   4/100 ml in more than  one  sample when  less
               than 20  are examined per month; or
                                 71

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    NATIONAL INTERIM PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS

V.  MAXIMUM MICROBIOLOGICAL CONTAMINANT LEVELS   (CONTD.)

           c. 4/100 ml'in more than five percent of the
              samples when 20 or more are examined per
              month.

        2. When the fermentation tube method and 10 milli-
           liter standard portions are used, coliform bacteria
           shall not be present in any of the following:

           a. More than 10 percent of the portions in any
              month;

           b. Three or more portions in more than one sample
              when less than 20 samples are examined per
              month; or

           c. Three or more portions in more than five percent
              of the samples when 20 or more samples are exa-
              mined per month.

        3. When the fermentation tube method and 100 milliter
           standard portions are used, coliform bacteria shall
           not be present in any of the following:

           a. More than 60 percent of the portions in any
              month;

           b. Five portions in more than one sample when less
               than five samples are examined per month; or

           c. Five portions in more than 20 percent of the
              samples when five or more samples are examined
              per month.
                                72

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XI.    U.S.  PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE DRINKING WATER STANDARDS. 1962
 Agency:  U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare,
                   Public Health Service

      Note:  Only a brief synopsis of the standards of
             general applicability are presented herein.
             Where specific criteria pertaining to areas
             such as bacteriological quality and radio-
             activity limitations are necessary the
             complete standards should be consulted.

I.  CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS

     A.  The following chemical substances should not be
         present in a water supply in excess of the listed
         concentrations:

             Substance                       Concentration
                                                In Mg/1

         Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate  (ABS)            0.5
         Arsenic (As)                             0.01
         Chloride (Cl)                            250
         Copper (Cu)                              1.0
         Carbon Chloroform Extract  (CCE)          0.2
         Cyanide (CN)                             0.01
         Fluoride                                 (see B
                                                   below)
         Iron (Fe)                                0.3
         Manganese  (Mn)                           0.05
         Nitrate (N03)                            250
         Phenols                                  0.001
         Sulfate (S0j,)                            250
         Total Dissolved Solids                   500
         Zinc (Zn)                                  .5

     B.  Fluoride

         When fluoride is naturally  present  in drinking
         water the  concentration  should  not  average more
         than the appropriate  upper  limit in the  following
         table.  Presence of fluoride in average  concentra-
         tions greater than two times the optimum values  in
         the following table shall  constitute grounds  for
         rejection  of the supply.

         Where fluoridation (supplementation of  fluoride  in
         drinking water) is practiced,  the  average  fluoride
         concentration shall be kept within  the  upper  and
         lower control limits  as  shown  from  the  table  on  the
         following  page:

                                73

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   U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE DRINKING  WATER STANDARDS.  1962
     Annual Average of Maximum
     Daily Air Temperatures1
Recommended Control Limits
Fluoride Concentration in
mg/1	
50.0
53.8
58.4
63.9
70.7
79.3
- 53.7
- 58.3
- 63.8
- 70.6
- 79.2
- 90.5
0.9
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.6
1.2
1. 1
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
— «• *• —•_ 	
1. 7
1.5
1.3
1.2
1.0
0.8
   Based on temperature data obtained for a minimum of five"
 years.

      Fluoridation and defluoridation supplies shall be sampled
      with  sufficient frequency to determine that the desired
      fluoride concentration is maintained.

      C.  The  presence of the following substances in excess of
         the  concentrations listed shall constitute grounds for
         rejection  of the  water supply:
      Concentration  in
           Substance
         Arsenic  (As)
         Barium  (Ba)
         Cadmium  (Cd)
         Chromium  (Hexavalent)  (Cr+&)
         Cyanide  (CN)
         Fluoride
         Lead (Pb)
         Selenium  (Se)
         Silver  (Ag)

II.  PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

      A.  Limits
         Drinking water should contain no impurity which would
         cause offense to the sense of sight, taste or smell.
         Under general use, the following limits should not be
         exceeded.
          0.05
          1.0
          0.01
          0.05
          0.2
          (See B above)
          0.05
          0.01
          0.05
             Turbidity
             Color
             Threshold Odor Number
          5 Units
         15 Units
          3
                                74

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XII.  FEDERAL EMISSION STANDARDS - STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR
      	STATIONARY SOURCES	

I.    Standards of Performance for Coal Preparation Plants
        (HO CFR, Part 60.250)	

      A.  Particulate Matter

          1.  Maximum Concentration from any Thermal Dryer

                    0.031 gr/DSCF effluent gas

          2.  Maximum Concentration from any Pneumatic Coal
                Cleaning Equipment	

                    0.018 gr/DSCF effluent gas

      B.  Visible Emissions  (Opacity)

          1.  Maximum Visible Emissions from any Thermal Dryer

                    20% Opacity

          2.  Maximum Visible Emissions from any Pneumatic Coal
                Cleaning Equipment	

                    10? Opacity

II.   Standards of Performance  for Fossil-Fuel Fired Steam Gene-
        rators  (40 CFR, Part 60.40)	

      A.  Affected Facilities:   Fossil-fuel fired  stream generat-
          ing units of more  than 250 MM Btu/hr heat input.

      B.  Definitions

           1.  "Fossil fuel":  means natural gas, petroleum,  coal,
              and any form  of solid, liquid, or gaseous  fuel
              derived from  such  materials  to create useful heat.

          2.  "Fossil-fuel  fired steam generator"  means  a  furnace
              or  boiler  used in  the process of burning fossil  fuel
              to  produce  steam  by heat transfer.

          3.  "Coal"  means  all  solid fuels classified  as
              anthracite, bituminous,  subbituminous or lignite by
              the American  Society for Testing Material.
              Designation D388-66.

      C.   Particulate Matter

           1.  Maximum  Emission Rate

                    0.10  Ib/MM  Btu heat  input  derived from the
                      fossil fuel.
                              75

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      FEDERAL EMISSION STANDARDS - STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR
      	STATIONARY SOURCES	

II.   Standards of Performance for Fossil-Fuel Fired Steam
        Generators  (Contd.)	

      D.  Visible Emissions

          1.  Maximum Emission Standard

                    2Q% opacity;  however, an opacity of 27$ is
                    permissible for not more than 6 minutes in any
                    hour.

      E.  Sulfur Dioxide  (S02)

          1.  Maximum SOg Emission Rate

             a)  Liquid fossil fuel fired:  0.80 Ib/MM Btu heat input
             b)  Solid fossil fuel fired:    1.2 Ib/MM Btu heat input
             c)  For any combination of liquid and solid fossil fuels
                burned simultaneously use:

                    E =  (0.8Y+1.2Z)/(Y+Z)

                    where:   E is  the  maximum allowable S02 rate
                            in Ib/MM  Btu  total heat input; and Y is
                            the %  of  the  total heat input derived
                            from  liqui'd fossil fuel;  and Z is the %
                            of total  heat input derived from solid
                            fossil  fuel.

                Compliance  shall  be determined  by use of the total
                heat  input  from all fossil  fuels  burned, including
                gaseous  fuels.

     F.  Nitrogen Oxides (NOX)

         1. Maximum NOV Emission Rate  (expressed  as  NO?)
            a) Gaseous fossil  fuel  fired:
            b)
            c)
                               0.20 Ib/MM Btu heat  input
   Liquid fossil fuel fired:   0.30 Ib/MM Btu heat  input
   Solid fossil fuel fired:    0.70 Ib/MM Btu heat  input
                  (except lignite or a solid fossil  fuel
                  containing 25%, by weight, or more of
                  coal refuse*)
d) Lignite fired: 0.60 Ib/MM Btu heat input
e) Lignite fired (where lignite is mined in N. Dakota
   S.  Dakota or Montana and burned in a cyclone-fired
   unit):  0.80 Ib/MM Btu heat input
f) For any combination of gaseous, liquid, and solid
   fossil fuels burned simultaneously use**:

   E = (0.2X+0.3Y+0.72+0.6W)/(X+Y+Z+W)
                 76

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      FEDERAL EMISSION STANDARDS - STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR
      	STATIONARY SOURCES	

II.   Standards of Performance for Fossil-Fuel Fired Steam
        Generators  (Contd.)
                where:  E is the maximum allowable NOX rate in
                        lb(expressed as N02)/MM Btu total heat
                        input;  and X is the % of the total heat input
                        derived from gaseous fossil fuel; Y is the %
                        of total heat input derived from liquid
                        fossil fuel; Z is the % of total heat input
                        derived from solid fossil fuel (except
                        lignite or a solid fossil fuel containing
                        25%, by weight, or more of coal refuse*);
                        and W is the % of total heat input derived
                        from lignite.
      * When a solid fossil fuel containing 25% by weight, or more,
        of coal refuse is burned in combination with gaseous, liquid,
        or other solid fossil fuel, the standard for nitrogen oxides
        does not apply.
      **Cyclone-fired units which burn fuels containing at least 25
        percent of lignite that is mined in N.  Dakota, S.  Dakota,
        or Montana remain subject to l.e) regardless of the types of
        fuel combusted in combination with that lignite.

III.   Standards of Performance for Incinerators (40 CFR, Part
       60.50)

      A.  Affected facilities:  Incinerators of more than 50 T/D (24
          hours) charging rate.

      B.  Definitions

          1. "Incinerator" means any furnace used for burning solid
             waste for the purpose of reducing the waste volume by
             removing combustible matter.

          2. "Solid Waste" means refuse, more than 50 percent of
             which consists of a mixture of paper, wood, yard wastes,
             food wastes, plastics, leather, rubber, and other
             combustibles, and noncombustibles such as  glass and
             rock.

      C.  Maximum Particulate Matter Emission Rate

                    0.08 gr/DSCF, corrected to 12$ C02
                                77

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      FEDERAL EMISSION STANDARDS - STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR
      	STATIONARY SOURCES	

IV.   Standards of Performance for Storage Vessels for Petroleum
        Liquids  (40 CFR. Part 60.110)	

      A.  Affected facilities:  This subpart shall be applicable to
          each storage vessel for petroleum liquids which has a
          storage capacity greater than 40,000 gallons.  This subpart
          shall not be applicable to such storage vessels utilized
          for storage, processing, and/or treating at a production
          facility prior to custody transfer.

      B.  Definitions

          1. "Storage Vessel" means any tank, reservoir, or contain-
             er used for storage of petroleum liquids, but does not
             include:
             a) Pressure vessels designed to operate in excess of 15
                pounds per square inch gauge without emissions to the
                atmosphere except under emergency conditions,
             b) Subsurface caverns or porous rock reservoirs, or
             c) Underground tanks if the total volume of petroleum
                liquids added to and taken from a tank annually does
                not exceed twice the volume of the tank.

          2. "Petroleum" means the crude oil removed from the earth
              and the oils derived from tar sands, shale, and coal.

          3. "Petroleum liquids" means petroleum,  condensate, and anv
             finished or intermediate products manufactured in a
             petroleum refinery but does not mean Number 2 through
             Number 6 fuel oils as specified in A.S.T.M. D 396-69
             gas  turbine fuel oils Numbers 2-GT through 4-GT as  '
             specified in A.S.T.M. D 2880-71,  or diesel fuel oils
             Numbers  2-D and  4-D as specified in A.S.T.M. D 965-68.

          4. "Petroleum Refinery" means any facility engaged in
              producing gasoline, kerosene,  distillate fuel oils,
              residual fuel oils, lubricants,  or other products
              through distillation of petroleum or through
              redistillation,  cracking or reforming of unfinished
              petroleum derivatives.

          5. "Custody transfer"  means the transfer of produced
              petroleum and/or condensate,  after processing and/or
              treating in the producing operations,  from storage
              tanks or automatic transfer facilities  to pipelines or*
              any other forms of transportation.
                               •78

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      FEDERAL EMISSION STANDARDS - STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR
      	STATIONARY SOURCES	

IV.    Standards of Performance for Storage Vessels  for Petroleum
        Liquids  (40 CFR, Part 60.110)    (Contd.)	

      C.  Hydrocarbons.  Petroleum liquids shall be stored in
          affected storage vessels or facilities as follows:

          1. If the true vapor pressure of the petroleum  liquid,  as
             stored, is equal to or greater than 1.5 psia but  not
             greater than 11.1 psia, the  storage vessel shall  be
             equipped with a floating roof, a vapor recovery system,
             or the equivalent thereof.

          2. If the true vapor pressure of the petroleum  liquid is
             greater than 11.1 psia, the  storage vessel shall  be
             equipped with a vapor recovery system  or its equivalent.

V.    Standards of Performance for Petroleum Refineries
        (40 CFR. Part 60.100)	

      A.  Affected facilitie":  The provisions of this subpart are
          applicable to flui^ catalytic cracking unit catalyst
          regenerators, fuel gas combustion devices, and  all Claus
          sulfur recovery plants except Claus plants of 20 long tons
          per day (LTD) or less associated with a small petroleum
          refinery.  The Claus sulfur recovery plant need not  be
          physically located within the boundaries  of a petroleum
          refinery to be an affected facility, provided it processes
          gases produced within a petroleum refinery.

      B.  Definitions

          1. "Petroleum" means crude oil  removed from the earth and
             the oils derived from tar sands, shale, and  coal.

          2. "Petroleum refinery" means any facility engaged in
             producing gasoline, kerosene, distillate fuel oils,
             residual fuel oils, lubricants, or other products
             through distillation of petroleum or through
             redistillation, cracking or  reforming  of unfinished
             petroleum derivatives.

          3. "Fuel gas combustion device" means any equipment, such
             as process heaters, boilers,  and flares used  to combust
             fuel gas but does not include fluid coking  unit and
             fluid catalytic cracking unit incinerator-waste heat
             boilers or facilities in which gases are combusted  to
             produce sulfur or sulfuric acid.

          4. "Process upset gas" means any gas generated  by  a
             petroleum refinery process unit as a  result  of  startup,
             shut-down, upset or malfunction.

                               79

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      FEDERAL EMISSION STANDARDS - STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR
      	STATIONARY SOURCES	__  '

V.    Standards of Performance for Petroleum Refineries
        (40 GFR. Part 60.. 100)  (Contd.)	

          5. "Claus sulfur recovery plant" means a process unit which
             recovers sulfur from hydrogen sulfide by a vapor-phase
             catalytic reaction of sulfur dioxide and hydrogen
             sulfide.

          6. "Oxidation control system" means an emission control
             system which reduces emissions from sulfur recovery
             plants by converting these emissions to sulfur dioxide.

          7. "Reduction control systems" means an emission control
             system which reduces emissions from sulfur recovery
             plants by converting these emissions to hydrogen
             sulfide.

          8. "Reduced sulfur compounds" mean hydrogen sulfide
             (H2S), carbonyl sulfide (POS) and carbon disulfide
             (CS2).

          9. "Small petroleum refinery" means a petroleum refinery
             which  has a  crude  oil processing capacity of 50,000
             barrels  per  stream day or less,  and which is owned or
             controlled  by  a refinery with a total combined crude oil
             processing  capacity of 137,500 barrels per stream day or
             less.

      C.   Emission  Standards for Particulate  Matter and Visible
            Emissions

          1.  The  following  discharges into the atmosphere from any
             fluid  catalytic  cracking unit catalyst regenerator are
             prohibited:

             a)    Particulate Matter

                       in  excess  of 1.0 lb/1000 Ib of coke burn-off
                         in  catalyst regenerator

             b)     Visible  Emissions

                       30%  opacity  or greater,  except  for 6 minutes
                            in  any hour

          2.  Where  auxiliary  liquid  or solid  fossil  fuels  are  burned
             in the fluid catalytic  cracking  unit  incinerator-waste
             heat boiler, particulate  matter  in  excess  of  that
             permitted in subpart B.1.a above may  be  emitted to the
             atmosphere, except  that  the  rate  shall not  exceed  0.10
             Ib/million Btu of  heat  input  attributable  to  such  liquid
             or solid  fuel.
                               80

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      FEDERAL EMISSION STANDARDS - STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR
                       STATIONARY SOURCES
      D.   Carbon Monoxide (CO)  Standards
          The carbon monoxide content of any gases discharged to the
          atmosphere from the fluid catalytic cracking unit catalyst
          regenerator shall not be excess of 0.050 percent by volume.

      E.   Sulfur Dioxide Standards

          1.  Fuel Gas Combustion Devices

             Any fuel gas containing H2S in excess of 0.10
             gr/DSCF shall not be burned in any fuel gas combustion
             de/ice. However, the exhaust gases from the combustion
             of fuel gas may be treated in a manner which limits the
             emission of S02 if it is shown to the satisfaction
             of the Administrator of the Environmental Protection
             Agency that this prevents SOp emissions as
             effectively as compliance with the above limitation on
             H2 concentration in the fuel gas.

          2.  Exemption for Process Upset Gases

             The combustion of process upset gas in a flare, or the
             combustion of process or fuel gas in a flare as a result
             of relief valve leakage is exempt from the requirements
             of subsection E.1. above.

          3.  Glaus Sulfur Recovery Plants

             No discharge shall be allowed of any gases to the
             atmosphere containing in excess of:

             a)  0.025? (vol.) of S02 at 0.0$ 02> dry basis,
                 where emissions are controlled by an oxidation
                 control system, or a reduction control system
                 followed by incineration, or

             b)  0.030$ (vol.) of reduced sulfur compounds and 0.001$
                 (vol.) of H2S calculated as S02, at 0.0$
                 02, on a dry basis, if emissions are controlled
                 by a reduction control system not followed  by
                 incineration.

VI.   Standards of Performance for Stationary Gas Turbines*

      A.  Affected facilities:  This subpart shall be applicable  to
          all  stationary gas turbines with a heat input at peak  load
          equal to or greater than 10.7 gigojoules per hour,  based  on
          the  lower heating value of the fuel fired.
•Proposed addition to 40 CFR Part 60; 42 FR 53782,  October  3,  1977.

                                81

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      FEDERAL EMISSION STANDARDS - STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR
      __	STATIONARY SOURCES	

VI.   Standards of Performance for Stationary Gas Turbines  (Contd.)

      B.  Definitions

          1.  "Stationary gas turbine" means any simple cycle gas tur
              bine, regenerative cycle gas turbine or any gas turbine"
              portion of a combined cycle steam/electric generating
              system that is not self-propelled.  It may, however, be
              mounted on a vehicle for portability.

          2.  "Simple cycle gas turbine" means any stationary gas
              turbine which does not recover heat from the gas
              turbine exhaust gases to preheat the inlet combustion
              air to the gas turbine, or which does not recover heat
              from the gas turbine exhaust gases to heat water or
              generate steam.

          3.  "Regenerative cycle gas turbine" mean any stationary
              gas turbine which recovers heat from the gas turbine
              exhaust gases to preheat the inlet combustion air to
              the gas turbine.

          4.   "Combined cycle gas turbine" means any stationary gas
              turbine which recovers heat from the gas turbine
              exhaust gases to heat water or generate steam.

          5.   "Emergency gas turbine" means any stationary gas
              turbine which operates as a mechanical or electrical
              power source only when the primary power source for a
              facility has been rendered inoperable by an emergency
              situation.

          6.   "Ice fog"  means an  atmospheric suspension of highly
              reflective  ice crystals.

          7.   "Peak load"  means 100 percent of the nanufacturer's
              design capacity of  the gas turbine.

          8.   "Base load"  means the load level at  which a gas turbine
              is  normally  operated.

          9.   "Fire-fighting turbine"  means any stationary gas
              turbine that is used  primarily to pump water for
              extinguishing fires.
                               82

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      FEDERAL EMISSION STANDARDS - STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR
      	STATIONARY SOURCES	

VI.   Standards of Performance for Stationary Gas Turbines  (Contd.)

      C.  Emission Standards for Nitrogen Oxides (NOX)

          1 .  Gas turbines with heat rate at peak load _> 14.4
              kilojoules per watt hr (lower heating value of fuel).

                    NOX emissions, E, in exit gases not to  exceed:
                      E = 0.0075 + F

                    where:
                      E = maximum NOX emissions in % by volume
                          (at 15% Op and on dry basis)
                      F = NOX emission allowance for fuel bound
                          nitrogen as defined in subpart C.3. below

          2.  Gas turbines with heat rate at peak load < 14.4
              kilojoules per watt hr (lower heating value of fuel.

                    NOV emissions. E. in exit gases not to  exceed
                      1 = 0.0075  llli
                                    Y   + F

                    where:
                      E = maximum NOX emissions in % by volume
                          (at 15/S Og and on dry basis)
                      Y s manufacturer's rated heat duty at peak load
                          in kilojoules per watt hour.
                      F = NOX emission allowance for fuel bound
                          nitrogen as defined in C.3. below.

          3.  The term F shall be defined according to the  nitrogen
              content of the fuel as follows:

                    Fuel Bound N»                 F
                    (% by Wt)               (NOy % by vol.)
                    N <. 0.015                      0
                    0.015 < N < 0.1                0.04 (N)
                    0.1 < N < "0.25          0.004 + 0.0067  (N-Oil)
                    N < 0.25                        0.005

                    •N = Weight % nitrogen  in the fuel

          4.  Exemptions from NOX Emission  Standards

              a) Stationary gas turbines with a heat  input  at  peak
                 load of 107.2 gigajoules per hour  (100. MM  Btu/hr)  or
                 less (lower heating value  of  fuel) -  exempt  for not
                 more than 5 years from  proposal  date  of  these rules.

                                83

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       FEDERAL EMISSION STANDARDS -  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR
       	STATIONARY SOURCES	

 VI.    Standards  of Performance for  Stationary Gas  Turbines   (Contd.)

               b)  Stationary gas turbines  using water or  steam
                  injection for control  of NOX emissions  - exempt
                  when ice  fog  is deemed a traffic  hazard by turbine
                  owner or  operator.
               c)  Emergency standby  gas  turbines, military gas  turbines
                  other than at garrison facilities,  and  fire-fighting
                  gas  turbines.

       D.   Emission Standards for Sulfur Dioxide (S02)

           1.   Maximum Emission Rate  in  Exit  Gases
               0.015?  S02 (by vol.,  at 15%  02 and on  dry  basis)

           2.   Use  of  fuel  sulfur content  as  alternative  in  determina-
               tion of compliance with subpart  D.1.   This method  may be
               utilized  in  the  alternative  with a maximum sulfur  con-
               tent of 0.8%  by  weight in any  fuel burned  by  a gas tur-
               bine under such  circumstances.                        ""
XIII.  NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS


I.   National Emission Standard for Mercury  (40 CFR. Part 61.50)

     A.  Definitions

         1.  "Mercury" means the element mercury, excluding any
             associated elements, and includes mercury in particulate
             vapors, aerosols, and compounds.                         *

         2.  "Sludge" means sludge produced by a treatment plant that
             processes municipal or industrial waste waters.

     B.  Emission standard.  Emissions to the atmosphere from sludge
         incineration plants, sludge plants, or combinations of these
         that process wastewater treatment plant sludges shall not
         exceed 7.05 pounds of mercury per 24-hour period.

II.  National Emission Standard for Beryllium (40 CFR, Part 61.30)

     A.  Definitions

         1.  "Beryllium" means the element beryllium.   Where weights
             or concentrations are specified,  such weights or
             concentrations apply to beryllium only, excluding the
             weight or concentration of any associated elements.

                               84

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       NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS


II.  National Emission Standard for Beryllium (MO CFR, Part 61.30)
     (Contd.)

     B.  Affected Facilities

         1.  Extraction plants, ceramic plants, foundries, incinera-
             tors, and propellant plants which process beryllium ore,
             beryllium, beryllium oxide, beryllium alloys, or beryl-
             lium-containing waste.

     C.  Standards

         1.  Emissions to the atmosphere from stationary  sources
             subject to this provision shall not exceed 10 grams of
             beryllium over a 24-hour period.
                                85

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      XIV.   NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
                       (40 CFR Part 50)
 Pollutant
Primary  Standards
  Secondary Standards
 Sulfur  Oxides
  (measured  as
   sulfur  dioxide)
80 ugm/ra3  (aam)*
0.03
                     365  ugra/ra3
                     0.14 ppra (24 hr)1
  1300 ugra/m3
  0.50 ppra (3 hr)1
 Particulate
75 ugm/m3  (agm)*

260 ugm/m3 (24 hr)1
  60 ugm/m3  (agm)»
(guide for 24 hr std)
  150 ugm/m  (24 hr)l
Carbon
Monoxide
10 mgm/m3  (8 hr)1
9 ppm

40 mgm/m3  (1 hr)1
35 ppm
  10 mgm/m3  (8 hr)1
  9 ppm
       ^ "" ^ "™ •" ^ ^ •• ^ ^ ^ ^,
  40 mgm/m3  (1 hr)1
  35 ppm
Photochemical
Oxidants
160 ugm/m3 (1 hr)1
0.08 ppm
  160  ugm/m3  (1 hr)1
  0.08 ppm
Nonmethane          160 gm/m3  (3 hr)1' 2
Hydrocarbons (as    0.24 ppm
 guide for oxidant
 stds)
                          160 gm/m3 (3 hr)1*  2
                          0.24 ppm
Nitrogen Oxide      100 gm/m3  (aam)1
 (measured as       0.05 ppm
  nitrogen dioxide)
                          100 gm/m3 (aam)»
                          0.05 ppm
1 - concentration not to be exceeded more  than  once  a  year.
2 - 6:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m.
* - aam = annual arithmetic mean; agm = annual  geometric mean
40 C.F.R. Part 50
                              86

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     AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS - SELECTED STATES
STATE AMBIENT AIR STANDARDS CLOSELY PARALLELING NATIONAL
STANDARDS
A.  Alabama
    Adopts current National Standards.
B.  Alaska
    1.  Standards for contaminants covered by National
        Standards are the same as those standards except for
        the following changes:
        a)  Sulfur Oxides
            The National secondary standard is adopted as one
            of the sulfur oxide primary standards
            (1300 ug/m^, 3 hr average, not to be exceeded
            more than once per year).
        b)  Particulate - Primary Standards
             60 ug/mB, annual geometric mean;
            150 ug/mB, 24 hr average, not to be exceeded
            more than once per year
            (these standards adopted  are identical to the
            National secondary standards)
    2.  Additional contaminant ambient standards are as
        follows:
        a)  Reduced Sulfur Compounds  - Primary Standard
            50 ug/m3f 30 min. average, not to be exceeded
            more than once per year.
C.  Idaho
    Standards for contaminants covered by the National
    Standards are the same as those  standards. Additional
    contaminant ambient  standards are as follows:
    1.  Settleable Particulates - Primary and Secondary
        Standards.
        0.8 mg/cm2/mo, not to be exceeded more than  25%  of
        the time.
    2.  Beryllium - Primary  and Secondary Standards.
        0.01 ug/nP, max. 24  hr avg.,  not  to  be exceeded
        more than once a year.
                           87

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 STATE  AMBIENT  AIR  STANDARDS CLOSELY PARALLELING  NATIONAL
 STANDARDS  (CONTD)

 C.   Idaho  (Contd.)

     3.   Sulfuric acid  mist  - Primary and  Secondary  Standards.

         a)   12  ug/m3,  max.  24  hr  concentration,  not to  be
             exceeded more  than once per month.

         b)   30  ug/m3,  max.  1  hr concentration, not  to be
             exceeded more  than twice per  week.

     4.   Fluorides  - Primary and Secondary Standards

         Standards  are  those concentrations  in the ambient  air
         which will result in  a total fluoride content in
         vegetation used  for feed  and forage  of no more  than:

         a)   40  ppm, dry  basis,  annual arith. mean;
         b)   60  ppm, dry  basis,  -nonthly average concen.  for two
             consecutive  months;
         c)   80  ppm, dry  basis,  monthly average concen.  never
             to  be  exceeded.

D.   Illinois

     Standards match current National Standards exactly.  (Does
     not  designate  secondary  standards for CO, photochemical
     oxidants, hydrocarbons, or  NOX;  however, there  is no
     difference  in  the  primary  and secondary  National Standards
     for  these.)

E.   Indiana

    Standards match National Standards exactly except that no
    secondary standard yearly average is  shown as a guide  for
    the 24 hr secondary  standard  for particulates.

F.  Kansas

    Incorporates current National Standards  by absence  of
    language designating ambient air standards.
                         88

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I.     STATE AMBIENT AIR STANDARDS CLOSELY PARALLELING NATIONAL
      STANDARDS (CONTD)
      G.   Kentucky

          Standards match National Standards exactly. Additional
          contaminant ambient standards are as follows:

          1.   Settleable particulates (total water solubles and
              insolubles)
              15 T/mi^/mo., maximum  3 mo average, not to be
              exceeded more than once/year.

          2.   Particulate Matter - Soiling index (LF = linear feet)

              a)  Primary standard. 6.0 COH/1000 LF, max. 24 hr avg,
                  not to be exceeded more than once/yr.

              b)  Secondary standard

                  0.4 COH/1000 LF, annual arithmetic mean;
                  0.5 COH/1000 LF, max. 3 mo. avg., not to be
                  exceeded more than once/yr;
                  0.3 COH/1000 LF, max. 24 hr. avg., not to be
                  exceeded more than once/year.

      H.   Missouri

          Incorporates current National Standards  for outstate area
          (absence of relevant language has this effect)

      I.   Pennsylvania

          Incorporates current National Standards  by reference.
          Additional contaminant ambient standards are as follows:
                                 89

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Contaminant                                               Concentration Averaged Over
                                        2                      3
Settle Participate             0.8 mg/cm /mo          1.5 mg/cm /mo
                                  1  Year                 30  Days                   24  Hours                    1  Hour

       Articulate             0.8
(total)

Lead.                                —                1.5 ug/m
                                                 (three-month average)

Beryllium                           —                0.01 ug/m

Sulfates (as H2$04)                 —               10 ug/m3                     30 ug/m3

Fluorides (total                    —                   —                        5 ug/m
 soluble, as HF)

H2S                                 —                   —                        0.005 ppm                0.1 ppm

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I.    STATE AMBIENT AIR STANDARDS CLOSELY PARALLELING  NATIONAL
      STANDARDS (CONTD)
      J.   Texas

          Incorporates current National Standards by reference.
          Additional contaminant ambient standards (primary)  are  as
          follows:

          1.   Beryllium
              0.01  ug/m^j  24 hr average.

          2.   Inorganic Fluoride Compounds

              a)   Gaseous  Inorganic Fluorides (calculated as  HF)
                  4.5 ppb  (vol7), 12 hr. average;
                  3.5 ppb  (vol.), 24 hr. average;
                  2.0 ppb  (v 1.), 7 day average;
                  1.0 ppb  (vol.), 30 day average;

              b)   Inorganic Fluorides In or On Forage (Type D Land
                  Use Areas only calculated as fluoride ion)
                  40 ppra (wt.), 12 mo.average
                     (sample taken once/mo.);
                  60 ppm (wt.), 3 mo. average
                     (sample taken once/mo.);
                  80 ppm (wt.), 2 mo. average
                     (sample taken once/mo.).

      K.   Utah.

          Incorporates current National Standards.

      L.   Virginia.

          Standards match  current National Standards exactly.

      M.   West Virginia

          Standards match  current National Standards exactly.
                                91

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II.    STATE AMBIENT STANDARDS DIFFERING FROM NATIONAL STANDARDS IN
      AT LEAST SOME SIGNIFICANT ASPECTS.
      A.   Colorado

          Changes or additions as to contaminants covered by the
          National Standards are as follows:

          1.   Sulfur Dioxide - Primary Standard

              60  ug/ra3  (.021 ppm),  annual  arith.  mean;
              260 ug/m3  (.091  ppm), 24 hr  average,  not  to be
              exceeded  more  than once per  yr.;
              1300 ug/m3  (.455 ppm) 3 hr average,  not  to  be
              exceeded  more  than once per  year.

          2.   Particulate -
              45  ug/m3  annual arith.  mean;
              150 ug/nP, 24  hr average, not to  be  exceeded more
              than once per  year.

      B.   Montana

          1.   National Standards  for  carbon monoxide, photochemical
              oxidants, nonmethane  hydrocarbons,  and nitrogen  oxides
              are  in  effect  (absence  of reference  to these has this
              effect).

         2.   Other  state ambient standards for contaminants for
             which National Standards exist.

             a)   Sulfur Dioxide
                  0.02 ppm, maximum annual average;
                  0.10 ppm,  24 hr average, not  to be exceeded  for
                 more than  1  hr in any 4 consecutive days;

             b)   Suspended Particulates
                 75 ug/nH,annual  geometric mean (same as
                 National Standards);
                 200 ug/m3,  24 hr  average, not to be exceeded
                 more than  1$ of days/yr.
                               92

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II.    STATE AMBIENT STANDARDS DIFFERING FROM NATIONAL STANDARDS IN
      AT LEAST SOME SIGNIFICANT ASPECTS  (CONTD.)
      B.   Montana (Contd.)

          3.   Other contaminant ambient standards are as follows:

              a)   Lead
                  5.0 ug/m3, 30 day average
              b)   Beryllium
                  0.01 ug/m3, 30 day average
              c)   Settled Particulates (dustfall)
                  residential areas -IST/mi^/mo, 3 mo. average;
                  heavy industrial areas - 30T/mi2/mo, 3 mo.
                  average;
              d)   Fluorides (Total, as HF)
                  1 ppb, 2*J hr average
              e)   Fluorides (as F)
                  in forage for animal consumption - 35 ppm, dry
                  weight basis
              f)   Fluorides (gaseous)
                  0.3 ug/cm^/28 days (calcium formate paper
                  measurement technique)
              g)   Reactive Sulfur (Sulfgtion)
                  0.25 mg of SO^/IOO cm'2/day, max. annual
                  average;
                  0.50 mg of 303/100 cm2/day, max. 1 mo.
                  average
              h)   Suspended Sulfate
                   4.0 ug/m3f max. annual average;
                  12.0 ug/m3, not to be exceeded over *\% of the
                  time
              i)   Sulfuric Acid Mist
                   4.0 ug/m3f max. annual average;
                  12.0 ug/m3, not to be exceeded over 15t of the
                  time;
                  30.0 ug/m3, hourly average, not to be exceeded
                  over ]% of the time
              j)   Hydrogen Sulfide
                  0.03 ppm, 1/2 hr average, not to be exceeded more
                  than twice in any 5 consecutive days;
                  0..05 ppm, 1/2 hr average, not to be exceeded over
                  twice a year
                                93

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II.    STATE AMBIENT STANDARDS DIFFERING FROM NATIONAL STANDARDS IN
      AT LEAST SOME SIGNIFICANT ASPECTS  (CONTD.)
      C.   New Mexico
              Changes or additions as to contaminants covered  by the
              National Standards are as follows (all primary
              standard as no primary/secondary designation made)
              a)   Sulfur Oxides
                  0.02 ppm (a.a.m.);
                  0.10 ppm,  24  hr average
              b)   Participates
                  150 ug/m3,  24 hr average;
                  110 ug/m3,  7  day average;
                   90 ug/m3,  30 day average;
                   60 ug/m3,  annual geometric  mean
              c)   Carbon Monoxide
                   8.7 ppm,  8 hr average;
                  13.1  ppm,  1 hr average
              d)   Photochemical Oxidants
                  0.06  ppm,  1 hr average
              e)   Nonmethane Hydrocarbons
                  0.19  ppm,  3 hr average
              f)   Nitrogen Dioxide
                  0.10  ppm, 24  hr  average
              Other contaminant  ambient  standards are as follows (no
              separate  primary  and  secondary standards designated)
              a)   Hydrogen Sulfide
                  0.003  ppm, 1  hr  average
              b)   Total  Reduced  Sulfur
                  0.003  ppm, 1  hr  average, including
                                94

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II.    STATE AMBIENT STANDARDS DIFFERING FROM NATIONAL STANDARDS IN
      AT LEAST SOME SIGNIFICANT ASPECTS  (CONTD.)
          New Mexico (Contd.)

              c)   Maximum allowable concentration of certain
                  elements present in total suspended particulates.

                    i)   Beryllium - 0.01  ug/m^  30 day average

                   ii)   Asbestos - 0.01  ug/m3f  30 day average

                  iii)   heavy metals (total) -  10 ug/m3f  30 day
                        average

              d)   Soiling Index
                  0.4 cobs/1000 linear feet of  air, annual average
      D.  Ohio
          Changes or additions as to contaminants covered by the
          National Standards are as follows:

          1.   Sulfur Oxides - Primary Standards
              60 ug/ra3 (aara; 0.02 ppra, by vol.);
              260 ug/m3 (0.10 ppm, by vol.), not to be exceeded
              more than one year.

          2.   Suspended Particulates - Primary Standards
              60 ug/m3 (agm);
              150 ug/m3f 24 hr average, not to be exceeded more
              than once per yr.

          3.   Photochemical Oxidants - Primary Standards
              119 ug/m3 (0.06 ppm), 1 hr average;
              79 ug/m3 (0.04 ppm), 4 hr arithmetic mean, not to
              be exceeded more than once per yr;
              40 ug/m3 (0.02 ppm), 24 hr arithmetic mean, not to
              be exceeded more than once per yr.

          4.   Nonmethane Hydrocarbons - Primary Standards
              126 ug/m3 (0.19 ppm), 3 hr arithmetic mean,
              between the hours of 6:00 A.M. and 9:00 A.M.;
              33 ug/m3 (0.50 ppm), 24 hr arithmetic mean, not to
              be exceeded more than once per yr.
                                 95

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II.    STATE AMBIENT STANDARDS DIFFERING FROM NATIONAL STANDARDS IN
      AT LEAST SOME SIGNIFICANT ASPECTS (CONTD.)
      E.   Oklahoma

          1.   Incorporates National Ambient Air Quality Standards
              for all of the contaminants covered therein.

          2.   Non-significant Deterioration Standard  (NSD).   Addi-
              tional  standards have also  been  adopted  to ensure  that
              new sources will not  cause  or allow excessive  degrada-
              tion of present air quality.   These standards  define
              what is considered excessive  degradation and  function
              as  tertiary standards for all major new  point  sources
              applying  for a construction permit  and emitting or
              capable of emitting particulates  or sulfur oxides.

              a)   The NSD increment standards  limitations on  in-
                  crease in  concentration over  unknown baseline
                  concentrations) established  are as follows:
                 Sulfur Dioxide - Increment
                 650 ug/m3, 3 hr average;
                 130 ug/m3, 24 hr average;
                  30 ug/m3, annual average

                 Particulates - Increment
                 55 ug/m3, 24 hr average;
                 15 ug/m3, annual average
             b)  Further, maximum increments shown on permit appli.
                 cations which will trigger  Air Council  review of
                 the situation are as follows:
                 Sulfur Dioxide - Increment
                 100 ug/m3, 24 hr average;
                  15 ug/ra3, annual average

                 Particulates - Increment
                 30 ug/m3, 24 hr average;
                 10 ug/ra3, annual average
             c)   An accounting procedure utilizing statistical dis-
                 persion modeling to track increases and decreases"
                 in the concentration of the relevant contaminants
                 in the ambient air must be implemented in order to
                 enforce increment standards in subsection 2.
                               96

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II.    STATE AMBIENT STANDARDS DIFFERING FROM NATIONAL  STANDARDS  IN
      AT LEAST SOME SIGNIFICANT ASPECTS.   (CONTD.)
      F.   Tennessee

          Sulfur Dioxide - Secondary Standards

          1.   Standards match current National Standards exactly
              except that additional secondary standards for sulfur
              dioxide are added as follows:

              a)  60 ug/m^ (0.02 ppm, vol.),  maximum annual
                  arithmetic mean
              b)  364 ug/m3 (0.139 ppm,  vol.), maximum 24 hr
                  average

          2.   Other contaminant ambient  standards are as follows:

              a)  Gaseous Fluorides (Expressed as HF)
                  Primary and secondary  standards (not to be
                  exceeded more than once per year):

                  1.2 ug/m3 (1.5 ppb, vol.)  max. 30 day average;
                  1.6 ug/m3 (2.0 ppb, vol.)  max. 7 day average;
                  2.9 ug/m3 (3.5 ppb, vol.)  max. 24 hr average;
                  3.7 ug/m3 (4.5 ppb, vol.)  max. 12 hr average

              b)  Soiling Index
                  Primary Standards:
                  1.0 COH's/1000 linear  ft of air, max. 24 hr
                  average;
                  3.5 COH's/1000 linear  ft of air, max. 2 hr average

                  Secondary Standards:*
                  0.6 COH's/1000 linear  ft of air, max. 24 hr
                  average;
                  2.0 COH's/1000 linear  ft of air, max. 2 hr
                  average;
*Values not to be exceeded more than once per year.

                                97

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II.    STATE AMBIENT STANDARDS DIFFERING FROM NATIONAL STANDARDS IN
      AT LEAST SOME SIGNIFICANT ASPECTS.  (CONTD.)
      G.   Washington

          1.   Standards  for carbon monoxide,  photochemical  oxidants
              nonraethane hydrocarbons  and  nitrogen  oxides  match
              current National  Ambient Standards exactly except  that
              primary and secondary standards for photochemical
              oxidants are effective only  from 10:00  a.m.   to  4:00
              p.m.,  April 1  through Oct.   31  of any year and  primary
              and  secondary standards  for  hydrocarbons  are  similarly
              in effect  only from  6:00 a.m.   to 9:00  a.m.,  April  1
              through Oct.   31  of  any  year.   An air quality objec-
              tive of 5  ppm (vol),  24  hr average has  been  adopted
              for  carbon monoxides.

          2.   Standards  for sulfur  oxides  and particulates  are made
              more stringent  than  the  National  Standards as follows:

              a)  Sulfur  Oxides  (expressed as SOg)
                 (deletes  an annual arithmetic mean)
                 0.10 ppm  (vol.),  24  hr average;
                 0.40 ppm  (vol.),  1 hr average;
                 0.25 ppra  (vol.),  1 hr average,  not  to  be  exceeded
                 more than  two  times  in any  consecutive 7 days;
                 0.02 ppm  (vol.),  1 yr average;
                 Air  quality objective: 0.3  ppm  (vol.), 5 min.
                 average

             b)  Particulates (suspended)
                  60 ug/m3fannual geometric mean;
                 150 ug/ra3, 24 hr average not  to be  exceeded
                 more than once per year;
                 (has exception provisions for  certain  areas  in
                 recognition of natural background dust loading)
                 Air quality objective: 30.0 ug/m3f  not to be
                 exceeded by more than 50$ of  samples collected in
                 any calendar year

         3.  Gaseous fluorides (calculated as HF)
             3.7  ug/nH,  12 hr average;
             2.9  ug/m3  24 hr average;
             1.7  ug/ffl3  7 day average;
             0.84  ug/ra', 30 day average;
             0.50  ug/m3f average for period of March 1  through
             Oct.  31 of  any year


                            98

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II.   STATE AMBIENT STANDARDS DIFFERING FROM NATIONAL STANDARDS IN
      AT LEAST SOME SIGNIFICANT ASPECTS.  (CONTD.)
      H.   Wyoming

          Standards for carbon monoxide, photochemical oxidants,
          nonmethane hydrocarbons,  and nitrogen oxides match current
          National Standards exactly. For particulates the more
          stringent secondary standards are in effect as primary
          standards (with no new secondary standards designated).
          The suffer oxide standards adopt the National secondary
          standard (3 hr averaging period) as a primary standard and
          lower the two current National primary standards to the
          following values:

          60 ug/m3 (0.02 ppm), annual arith. mean;
          260 ug/m3 (0.10 ppm), maximum 24 hr average, not to be
          exceeded more than once a year.

          Other contaminant ambient standards are as follows:

          a)  Soiling Index
              0.4 COH units/1000 linear ft, annual geom. mean

          b)  Fluorides
              0.80 ug/m3 (1 ppb), 24 hr average (measured as
              HF);
              25 ug/g, dry wt. basis, in forage for animal
              consumption (measured as fluorine);
              0.3 ug/cm2, maximum 30 day average, (gaseous
              fluorides, measured by sodium formate paper method or
              equivalent)

          c)  Hydrogen Sulfide
              70 ug/m3, 1/2 hr average, not to be exceeded over
              twice per year;
              40 ug/m3, 1/2 hr average, not to be exceeded more
              than twice in any 5 consecutive days

          d)  Sulfation (Suspended Sulfate)
              0.25 mg SOo/100 cm^/day, max. annual average;
              0.50 mg 303/100 cm2/day, max. 30 day value
                                99

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 XV.    STANDARDS OF SELECTED STATES

               ALABAMA WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

       Basis:   State of Alabama Water Quality Criteria,
                   As Amended February 1973

         Agency:   State Water Improvement Commission


 I.     GENERAL  CONDITIONS  APPLICABLE TO ALL  WATER CRITERIA

       A.   Tests  of analytical  procedures to determine
           compliance,  or  non-compliance, shall  be in
           accordance with the  latest edition of Standard
           Methods  for  Examination  of Water  and  Wastewater
           published by the  American Public  Health
           Association,  AWWA, and Water Pollution Control
           Federation.

       B.   The  quality  of  any waters receiving industrial
           wastes shall  be such  as  will not  cause the  best
           usage  to  be  adversely affected.

       C.   Samples  shall be  collected from areas to  be repre-
           sentative  of  the  receiving waters after reasonable
           opportunity  for dilution  and mixing.


 II.    MINIMUM  CONDITIONS  APPLICABLE TO ALL  STATE WATERS

       A.   State waters  shall be free from substances  attri-
           butable  to industrial wastes that will settle to
           form bottom deposits  which interfere  directly or
           indirectly with any classified water  use.

       B.   There shall be no  floating debris,  oil,  scum or
           other floating materials  attributal to industrial
          wastes.

      C.  There shall be no  substances  attributal  to  indus-
           trial wastes  in combinations  which  are toxic or
          harmful to human,  animal  or  aquatic life.


III.   WASTE TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS

      A.  As a minimum, secondary treatment  shall be  applied
          to all industrial  waste discharge.

          "Secondary Treatment" means  a  facility which at
          design flow is capable of  the  following:

          1.  Removing  substantially  all floating and
              settable  solids, and

                               100

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              ALABAMA WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

III.  WASTE TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS  (CONTD.)

          2.  Achieving a minimum removal of 85/£ of both the
                   and suspended solids.
          A comparable degree of treatment for industrial
          waste which is not amenable to biological treat-
          ment will be provided.

      B.  In all cases an analysis of water use and flow
          characteristics for receiving stream shall be made
          to determine the required degree of treatment.

      C.  The minimum 7-day low flow that occurs once in 10
          years shall be the basis for design criteria.

      D.  Industrial waste treatment facilities must provide
          "best practical" waste treatment by 1977 and "best
          available" treatment by 1983.

IV.   SPECIFIC WATER QUALITY CRITERIA  (Receiving Water)

      Note:  The specific water quality criteria is divided
             into the following water use classifications:

             1.  Public water supply;
             2.  Swimming and other whole body water- contact
                 sports;
             3.  Shell fish harvesting;
             4.  Fish and wildlife, and
             5.  Fish and wildlife as a "goal".

      The following specific water quality criteria repre-
      sents the most stringent provisions as established for
      the above listed water use classifications, and satis-
      fying these criteria should satisfy any of the water
      quality criteria for any water use designation where
      there is, or likely to be, industrial waste discharged
      into the receiving waters.

      A.  U. S. Public Health Service Drinking Water
          Standards

          If the waters are subjected to treatment approved
          by the state Department of Public Health as equal
          to coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and  dis-
          infection and meet the "Public Health Service
          Drinking Water Standards"  they will be considered
          safe for drinking or  food-processing purposes.
          (See separate synopsis for U.S.  Public Health
          Service Drinking Water Standards.)

                                101

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              ALABAMA WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

IV.  SPECIFIC WATER QUALITY CRITERIA  (CONTD.)

      B.  Specific Items for State Water Quality

          1.  Sewage, industrial wastes, or other wastes

              a.  None which are not effectively treated or
                  controlled in accordance with II above.

          2.  pH

              a.  Industrial or other wastes shall not cause
                  the pH to deviate more than one unit from
                  normal, nor

              b.  be less than 6.0 nor greater than 8.5.

          3.  Temperature

              a.  Maximum temperature rise above normal
                  shall not exceed 5°F in streams, lakes and
                  reservoirs,  nor

              b.  shall the maximum temperature exceed 90°F.

          4.  Dissolved Oxygen

              For  diversified  warm water    £5 mg/1 except
              biota,  including game fish     due to natural
                                             causes,  may
                                             range between 4
                                             mg/1 and 5 mg/1

              For  Coastal Waters            <5 mg/1 except
                                             for natural
                                             conditions
              For  estuaries and
              tidal  tributaries              <5 mg/1 except
                                             for natural
                                             conditions

          5.   Toxic  substances;  color  producing substances,
              heated  liquids or  any other deleterious sub-
              stances  attributable  to  sewage,  industrial
              wastes,  or  other wastes  are limited as
              follows:

                  Only such amounts,  whether  alone or in
                  combination  with  other substances,  and only
                  such temperatures as will  not render the
                  waters  unsafe  or  unsuitable  as a source of
                  water supply .or injurious  to fish,  wild-
                  life and  aquatic  life  or adversely  affect
                  the  aesthetic  value  of waters.

                                102

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              ALABAMA WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
IV.   SPECIFIC WATER QUALITY CRITERIA  (CONTD.)
      B.  Specific Items for State Water Quality (Contd.)
          6.   Fecal Coliform Bacteria
                Coastal water    OOO/100 ml    geometric mean
                Other waters     ^200/100 ml    geometric mean
          7.   Radioactivity
                None greater than specified by the EPA
                (USPHS) drinking water standards.
          8.   Turbidity
                50 Jackson units above background.
                                103

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      ALABAMA; STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

             Agency:  Division of Air Pollution Control
                 of the Department of Public Health

I.    General Provisions

      A.  Definitions

          1.  "Director" shall mean the Director of the Division of
              Air Pollution Control of the Department of Public
              Health which is established by the Act.

          2.  "Fuel-Burning Equipment" shall mean any equipment,
              device,  or contrivance and all appurtenances thereto
              including ducts, breechings, fuel- feeding equipment,'
              ash removal equipment, combustion controls, stacks and
              chimney,  used primarily, but not exclusively,  to burn
              any fuel  for the purpose of indirect heating in which
              the material being heated is not contacted by  and adds
              no substance to the products of combustion.
          3.   "Fugitive Dust"  shall r-.dan solid airborne particulate
              matter emitted from any source other than a flue or
              stack.

          4.   "Opacity" shall  mean the obscuration to an observer's
              view produced  by smoke of any color that is equivalent
              to  an obscuration by smoke of a shade specified in the
              Ringelmann Smoke Chart published by the United  States
              Bureau  of Mines.

          5.   "Particulate Matter" shall mean finely divided  ma-
              terial,  except uncombined water,  which is a liquid or
              solid  at  standard conditions  of temperature at  70°P and
              pressure  at 14.7  pounds  per square  inch absolute.

          6.   "Process"  shall  mean any action,  operation,  or  treat-
             ment  of materials,  including  handling and storage
             thereof,  which may  cause discharge  of an air contami-
             nant  or contaminants into the  atmosphere,  but excluding
             fuel  burning and  refuse  burning.                       8

          7.  "Process  Weight"  shall mean the  total weight in pounds
             of all materials  introduced into  any  specific process
             which may  cause  any  discharge  into  the  atmosphere.

          8.  "Process  Weight Per  Hour"  shall mean  the  total  weight of
             all materials  introduced  into  any specific  process  that
             may cause  any  discharge  of  particulate  matter.   Solid
             fuels charged  will be considered as part  of  the  process
             weight, but liquid and gaseous  fuels  and  combustion
             will not.
         9.  "Refuse" shall mean matter consisting of garbage,
             rubbish, ashes, street debris, dead animals, abandoned
                              104

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      ALABAMA; STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES


I.    General Provisions  (Contd.)

              vehicles, industrial wastes, demolition wastes,
              construction wastes, special wastes, or sewage
              treatment residue.

          10. "Ringelmann Chart" shall mean the chart published and
              described in U.S. Bureau of Mines Information Circular
              8333.

          11. "Source" shall mean any building, structure, facility,
              installation, article, machine, equipment, device, or
              other contrivance which emits or may emit any air
              contaminant.  Any activity utilizing abrasives or
              chemicals for cleaning or any other purpose which emits
              air contaminants shall be considered a source.

          12. "Volatile Organic Compounds" shall mean any compound
              containing carbon and hydrogen or containing carbon and
              hydrogen in combination with any other element which
              has a vapor pressure of 1.5 pounds per square inch
              absolute or greater under actual storage conditions.

II.   Visible Emission Standards

      A.  Maximum Emissions
          1.  No. 1 on Ringelmann Chart or 2Q% opacity,
              from any single  source.

          2.  Exceptions
              a)  No. 3 on Ringelmann Chart or 60$ opacity allowed  if
                  for periods  aggregating not more than 3 minutes in
                  any 60 minute period.
              b)  Uncombined water.  The  standards in this section
                  shall not apply where uncombined water  is  the only
                  reason for such standards being exceeded.

      B.  Fugitive Dust Beyond Property Line.

          It  shall be prohibited  to cause or permit  the discharge of
          visible fugitive dust emissions beyond  the property  line  of
          the emitting source.

III.  Standards  for Fugitive Dust

      A.  It  shall be prohibited  to cause or permit  any materials  to
          be  handled, transported, or  stored,  or  a building,  its
          appurtenances, or a  road to  be  used, constructed,  altered,
          repaired, or demolished without taking  reasonable  pre-
          cautions to  prevent  particulate matter  from becoming air-
          borne.  Such reasonable precautions  shall  include,  but  not
          be  limited  to,  the following:

                                105

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      ALABAMA;  STANDARDS  OF  PERFORMANCE  FOR  STATIONARY  SOURCES


III.  Standards for  Fugitive Dust   (Contd.)


          1.  Use, where  possible,  of water  or  chemicals  for  control
              of dust  in  the demolition  of existing  buildings or
              structures,  construction operations, the  grading  of
              roads, or the  clearing  of  land;

          2.  Application  of asphalt,  oil, water,  or suitable
              chemicals on dirt  roads, materials  stock  piles, and
              other  surfaces which  create airborne dust problems*

          3.  Installation and use  of hoods,  fans, and  fabric filters
              (or other suitable control devices) to enclose  and  vent
              the handling of dusty materials.  Adequate  containment
              methods  shall  be employed  during  sandblasting or  other
              similar  operations.

      B.  When  dust, fumes,  gases,  mist, odorous matter,  vapors,  or
          any combination  thereof escape from a building  or equipment
          in such a manner and amount  as to  cause a  nuisance  or to
          violate any  rule or regulation, the Director may order  that
          such  building or equipment  in which processing, handling
          and storage  are  done be tightly closed and  ventilated in*
          such  a way that  all gases and air  or gas-borne  material
          leaving the  building or equipment  are treated by removal oi»
          destruction  of air  contaminants before discharge to the
          open  air.

IV.   Emission Standards for Particulate Matter

      A.  Fuel Burning Equipment

          1.  Maximum Emissions
                    for heat input XI MM Btu/hr  £10  MM Btu/hr:
                         0.5 Ib/MM Btu of heat input

                    for heat input >10 MM Btu/hr <250 MM  Btu/hr:

                         use:  E 1
                         where:  E is allowable emissions in Ib/MM
                                   Btu heat input; and
                                 H is heat input in MM Btu/hr

                    for heat input >250 MM Btu/hr:
                         0.12 Ib/MM Btu of heat input

          2.   The total heat input from all similar fuel burning
              units discharging particulate matter through a common
              stack at a plant -or premises shall determine the
              maximum allowable emission.

                               106

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      ALABAMA:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES


IV.   Emission Standards for Particulate Matter   (Contd.)

      B.  Incinerators

          1.  Maximum Emissions
                    for 0 to 50 T/day refuse charging rate:
                      0.20 lb/100 Ib refuse charged

                    for >50 T/day refuse charging rate:
                      0.10 lb/100 Ib refuse charged

          2.  The burning capacity (refuse charging rate) of an
              incinerator shall be the manufacturer's or designer's
              guaranteed maximum rate or such other rate as may be
              determined by the Director in accordance with good
              engineering practice.

          3.  Maximum emission rates in this section shall be
              applicable at maximum burning capacity and compliance
              tests conducted at such capacity.  The total of the
              capacities of ail furnaces within one system shall be
              taken as the incinerator capacity.

      C.  Process Industries

          1.  Maximum Emissions
              for process weight rates <30T/hr:

              use  E= 3-59P0'62

              where: E is allowable emissions in Ib/hr; and P
                     is process weight rate in T/hr

              for process weight rates >_30T/hr:

              use  E= 17.31PP0-16

              where: (E and P are as defined above)

          2.  The total process weight from all similar  process units
              at a plant or premises shall be used to determine the
              maximum allowable emission through a stack  or stacks.

V.    Emission Standards for Sulfur Compounds

      A.  Definitions

          1.  A "Category 2 County" shall mean  a county  in which:

              a) More than 50 percent  of the county  population
                 resides in a non-urban place,  as  defined by  the  U.S.
                 Department of  Commerce Census  Bureau  for 1970.

                                107

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      ALABAMA: STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES


V.    Emission Standards for Sulfur Compounds  (Contd.)

              b) No Secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards
                 are being exceeded, based on 1971 air quality
                 measurements.

          2.  A "Category I County" shall mean a county in which the
              conditions of either 1.a or 1.b above or both are not
              met.

      B.  Process Industries - General

          1.  Affected facilities:  those facilities not regulated by
              subsections C and D below.

          2.  Sulfur compound emission sources shall meet all appli-
              cable Federal New Source Performance Standards as
              designated in section XI herein and shall utilize the
              best available control technology,  with consideration
              being given to the tec/aical practicability and econo-
              mic reasonableness of emission control techniques.

          3.  It shall be prohibited for a source to cause or
              contribute to a condition such that either the primary
              or secondary S02 ambient air quality standards are
              exceeded in the area of the source.

      C.  Petroleum Facilities

          1.  Affected facilities:  facilities that handle natural or
              refinery (process)  gas containing more than 0.10
              gr H2S/SCF.

          2.   H2S.   The emission of an affected process gas stream
              shall be prohibited unless the stream is burned so as
              to maintain  an I^S ground level concentration be-
              yond  property boundaries of less than 20 ppb averaged
              over  a 30 min period.

              a)  Determination of ground level concentrations from
                 waste gas  or emergency flaring shall be based on the
                 assumption that only 75$  of the  heat of combustion
                 is used to heat the  products of  combustion.

          3.   S02«   It  shall be  prohibited to cause or permit emis-
              sions from any affected  facility to exceed the
              following SC>2 limitations:
                               108

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      ALABAMA: STANDARDS OF PERFORMA-NCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES
V.    Emission Standards for Sulfur Compounds  (Contd.)

                         Category I Counties
              (Jackson, Jefferson and Mobile Counties)
      Available Sulfur
      (Long Tons/Day)

      Up to 5
            5 to 35
           35 to 75
      Over 75
                               Permitted Emissions
                               of Sulfur Dioxide

                               No Limit
                               373 Ibs/hr
                               0.10 Ibs S02/lb S processed
                               0.08 Ibs S02/lb S processed
            Category II Counties  (All Other)
      Available Sulfur
      (Long Tons/Day)
      Up to 10
            10
            50
      Over 100
         to
         to
50
100
Permitted Emissions
of Sulfur Dioxide

No Limit
560 Ibs/hr
0.10 Ibs S02/lb S processed
0.08 Ibs S02/1& S processed
      The allowable emissions of sulfur dioxide shall be increased as
      follows to allow for dry acid gas streams containing less than
      60 % H2S:
Mol. $H  2
                                     Additional S02 Emissions
                    in Dry Acid Gas      Allowed
      50$ but less than 60%
      40$ but less than 50$
      30$ but less than 40$
      20$ but less than 30$
      Less than 20$
                               .02 Ibs S02/lb S processed
                               .04 Ibs S02/lb S processed
                               .06 Ibs S02/lb S processed
                               .10 Ibs S02/lb S processed
                               Must utilize the best available
                               control technology, with consid-
                               eration to the technical practi -
                               cability and economic reasonable
                               ness of reducing or eliminating
                               emissions from the facility.

    Additional Requirements.  In addition to the requirements
    of C.3, it shall be demonstrated, to the satisfaction of
    the Director, that the sulfur oxides emitted either alone
    or in conjunction with other sources will not interfere
    with attainment and maintenance of any primary or secondary
    ambient air quality standard.
                                109

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      ALABAMA; STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES


V.    Emission Standards for Sulfur Compounds   (Contd.)

      D.  Fuel Burning Equipment (Fuel Combustion Sources)

          1. Maximum SOy_Emissions (expressed as SC^)

             Category I County:          Category II County:

             1.8 Ib/MM Btu heat input    4.0 Ib/MM Btu heat input

          2. Additional Requirements.  In addition to the require-
             ments of D.1  fuel burning installations having a total
             rated capacity greater than 1500 million Btu per hour
             shall be required to:

             a)  Demonstrate to the satisfaction of the director that
                the sulfur oxides emitted either alone or in con-
                tribution  to other sources will not interfere with
                attainment and maintenance of any primary or secondary
                ambient air quality standard for sulfur oxides.
             b)  Demonstrate to the  satisfaction of the director that
                in meeting the emission limitations of D.1.  the instal-
                lation  will not increase emissions to the extent that
                resulting  concentrations will  be greater  than:
                (i)   those  concentrations  (measured or calculated)
                     which  existed  in 1970}  or
                (ii)  those  concentrations  (measured or calculated)
                     which  existed  during  the  first year  of  operation
                     of  any inst?Mation which began  operating  after
                     January  1,  1970.

         3.  For  purposes  of  this  subsection  D, the  total heat input
             from  all  similar  fuel  combustion units  at a plant or
             premises  shall  be  used  for determining  the  maximum
             allowable  emission  of  sulfur dioxide that passes
             through a  stack  or  stacks.   Units  constructed  and
             operated  to conform with  the New Source Performance
             Standards  (Section  XI)  shall not  be  considered similar
             to other units at  a plant or premises.

         4.  All calculations  relating to demonstrations  required  by
             D.2.  shall assume  that  the fuel  burning installation  is
             operating  at  or  above  the maximum  capacity  for such
             installation.

         5.  H2S.  It shall be prohibited to  cause or permit the
             emission or combustion of any  refinery  process gas
             stream  that contains an H2S concentration greater
             than  150 ppm  without removal of  the  hydrogen sulfide  in
             excess  of  150 ppm.

                              110

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      ALABAMA: STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES


VI.   Emission Standards for Nitrogen Oxides (NOX)

      A.  Fuel Burning Equipment (Combustion Sources)

          1.  Affected facilities:  Any boiler with a capacity of 250
              MM Btu/hr or greater

          2.  Maximum Emission - Gas Fired
              0.20 Ib/MM Btu of heat input

          3.  Maximum Emission - Oil Fired
              0.30 Ib/MM Btu of heat input

          4.  Maximum Emission - Coal Fired
              0.70 Ib/MM Btu of heat input

          5.  The total heat input from all similar fuel combustion
              units at a facility or plant shall  be used for deter-
              mining the maximum allowable emission of NOX through
              a stack or sta- "cs.

VII.  Emission Standards for Carbon Monoxide (CO)

      A.  Petroleum Processes

          1.  It shall be prohibited to emit any  waste gas stream
              containing CO  from any catalyst regeneration of a
              petroleum cracking system,  petroleum  fluid coker,  or
              other petroleum process unless such waste gas stream  is
              burned at 1300°F for 0.3 sec or longer  in a direct-
              flame afterburner or boiler equipped  with an easily
              accessible indicating pyrometer.

VIII. Odorous Emission Standards

      A.  Incinerators

          1.  Incinerators shall be designed and  operated in such
              manner as necessary to prevent emission of objection-
              able odors.

IX.   Emission Standards for Hydrocarbons

      A.  Definitions

          1.  For the purposes of this part, organic  solvents  in-
              clude diluents and  thinners and are defined as organic
              materials which are liquids at standard conditions and
              which are used as dissolvers, viscosity reducers,  or
              cleaning agents.

                                Ill

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      ALABAMA; STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES


IX.   Emission Standards for Hydrocarbons  (Contd.)

          2.  For the purposes of this part,  organic materials are
              defined as chemical compounds of carbon excluding
              carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid,
              metallic carbides,  metallic carbonates, and ammonium
              carbonate.

          3.  For the purposes of this part,  a photochemically
              reactive solvent is any solvent with an aggregate of
              more than 30 percent of its total volume composed of
              the chemical compounds classified below or which
              exceeds any of the  following individual percentage
              composition limitations, referred to the total volume
              of solvent:

              a)  A combination of hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes,
                 esters,  ethers,  or ketches having an olefinic or
                 cyclo-olefinlc type of unsaturation: 5 percent;
              b)  A combination of aromatic compounds with eight or
                 more carbon atoms to the molecule except ethyl-
                 benzene: 8  percent;
              c)  A combination of ethylbenzene, ketones having
                 branched hydrocarbon structures,  or toluene: 20
                 percent.

              Whenever any organic solvent or any  constituent of an
              organic solvent may be classified from its chemical
              structure into more than one of the  above groups of
              organic compounds,  it shall be  considered as a member
              of  the  most reactive chemical group, that is,  that
              group having  the least allowable percent of the total
              volume  of solvents.

     B.  Applicability

         The  provisions  of  section IX.  shall apply statewide,  except
         that subsections  F.   and G.   shall  only  apply to Mobile
         County.
     C.  Storage  of  Volatile Organic  Materials

         1.   It  shall  be prohibited  to  place,  store,  or hold in any
              stationary  tank reservoir  or other container of more
              than 60,000 gallons  capacity any volatile organic
              compounds unless  such tank,  reservoir,  or other
              container  is a pressure  tank capable of maintaining
              working  pressures sufficient at all  times to prevent
              vapor or  gas loss to the atmosphere  or  is designed and
              equipped  with  one of the following vapor loss  control
              devices:

                               112

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      ALABAMA; STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES


IX.   Emission Standards for Hydrocarbons  (Contd.)

              a) A floating roof, consisting of a pontoon type,
                 double deck type roof or internal floating cover,
                 which will rest on the surface of the liquid
                 contents and be equipped with a closure seal or
                 seals to close the space between the roof edge and
                 tank wall.  This control equipment shall not be
                 permitted if the volatile organic compounds have a
                 vapor pressure of 11.0 pounds per square inch
                 absolute or greater under actual storage conditions.
                 All tank gauging or sampling devices shall be gas-
                 tight except when tank gauging or sampling is taking
                 place.
              b) A vapor recovery system consisting of a vapor
                 gathering system capable of collecting the volatile
                 organic compound vapors and gases discharged and a
                 vapor disposal system capable of processing such
                 volatile organic vapors and gases so as to prevent
                 their emission to the atmosphere.  All tank gauging
                 and sampling devices shall be gas-tight except when
                 gauging or sampling is taking place.
              c) Other equipment or means of equal efficiency for
                 purposes of air pollution control as may be approved
                 by the Director.
              d) It shall be prohibited to place, store, or hold  in
                 any new stationary storage vessel of more than 1,000
                 gallons capacity any volatile organic compound
                 unless such vessel is equipped with a permanent
                 submerged fill pipe, or is a pressure tank as
                 described in paragraph a) above or is fitted with a
                 system as described in paragraph b) above.

      D.  Volatile Organic Materials Loading Facilities

          1.  It shall be prohibited to load any volatile organic
              compounds into any tank, truck or trailer from any
              terminal or bulk storage facility handling more than
              50,000 gallons per day unless such terminal or facility
              is equipped with a vapor collection and disposal
              system or its equivalent, properly installed and  in
              good working order, or has in operation a loading
              system which will  result in  a 95 percent submerged  fill
              either with a submerged  fill pipe or by loading  from
              the bottom.

          2.  It shall be prohibited to load any volatile organic
              compounds into any tank, truck, or trailer  having  a
              capacity in excess of 200 gallons unless such  loading
              facility is equipped as  set  forth in D.1. above.   Where
              the vapor collection and disposal system  is utilized,

                               113

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      ALABAMA: STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES


IX.   Emission Standards for Hydrocarbons  (Contd.)

              the loading arm shall be equipped with a vapor
              collection adaptor, pneumatic, hydraulic, or other
              mechanical means which will provide a vapor-tight seal
              between the adaptor and the hatch.  A means shall be
              provided to prevent liquid organic compounds drainage
              from the loading device when it is removed from the
              hatch of any tank, truck, or trailer.  When loading is
              effected through means other than the hatches, all
              loading lines shall be equipped with fittings which
              make vapor-tight connections and which close automati-
              cally when disconnected.

      E.   Volatile Organic Compound - Water Separation

          1.   It shall be prohibited to use any compartment of any
              single or multiple compartment volatile organic com-
              pound water separator which receives effluent water
              containing 1,000 gallons a day or more of any volatile
              organic compound unless such compartment is equipped
              with one of the following vapor loss control devices in
              good working order:

              a)  A container having all openings sealed and totally
                 enclosing the liquid contents.   All gauging and
                 sampling devices shall be gas-tight except when
                 gauging or sampling is taking place.
              b)  A container equipped with a floating roof,  consist,.
                 ing of a pontoon type,  double deck type roof,  or
                 internal floating cover,  which will rest on the
                 surface of the  contents and be equipped with a
                 closure seal or seals to close the space between th
                 roof edge  and container walls.   All gauging and    e
                 sampling devices shall be gas-tight except when
                 gauging or sampling is taking place.
              c)  A container equipped with a vapor recovery system
                 consisting of a vapor gathering system capable of
                 collecting the  hydrocarbon  vapors and gases dis-
                 charged  and a vapor disposal  system capable of
                 processing such hydrocarbon vapors and gases so as
                 to  prevent their emission to  the  atmosphere and
                 all container gauging and sampling devices  gas
                 except  when gauging or sampling is taking  place.
              d)  A container having  other  equipment of equal effi-
                 ciency  for purposes of air  pollution  control as mav
                 be  approved by  the  Division.                       *
                               114

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      ALABAMA;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES


IX.   Emission Standards for Hydrocarbons  (Contd.)

      F.  Pumps and Compressors  (Mobile County only)

          All pumps and compressors handling volatile organic
          compounds shall have mechanical seals or other equipment of
          equal efficiency for purposes of air pollution control as
          may be approved by the Division.

      G.  Organic Solvents  (Mobile County only)

          1 .   It shall be prohibited to discharge into the atmosphere
              more than 15 pounds of organic materials in any one
              day nor more than 3 pounds in any one hour from any
              article, machine, equipment, or other contrivance in
              which any organic solvent or any material containing
              organic solvent comes into contact with flame or is
              heat-cured or heat-polymerized in the presence of
              oxygen unless said discharge has been reduced by at
              least 85
          2.  It shall be prohibited to discharge into the atmosphere
              more than 40 pounds of organic materials in any one
              day or more than 8 pounds in any one hour from any
              article, machine, equipment, or other contrivance used
              under conditions other than described in G.1 above for
              employing, or applying, any photochemically reactive
              solvent, as defined in A. 3 above; or material contain-
              ing such photochemically reactive solvent, unless said
              discharge has been reduced by at least 85 percent.
              Emissions resulting from heat-curing or heat-polymeriz-
              ing as described in G.1 shall be excluded from deter-
              mination of compliance with this section.

          3.  Emissions of organic materials into the atmosphere
              required to be controlled by G.1. and G.2. above shall
              be reduced by:

              a) Incineration, provided that 90 percent or more of
                 the carbon in the organic material being incinerated
                 is oxidized to carbon dioxide, or
              b) Adsorption, or
              c) Processing in a manner determined by the Division
                 to be not less effective than a) or b) above.

          4.  The provisions of this Part shall not apply to:

              a) -The transport or storage of organic solvents  or
                 materials containing organic  solvents.
              b) The employment, application,  evaporation,  or  drying
                 of saturated halogenated hydrocarbons  or organic
                 compounds in which  all olefinic  groups  contain  3  or
                 more halogen atoms.
                               115

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       ALABAMA;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES


 IX.    Emission  Standards for Hydrocarbons  (Contd.)

               c)  The use of any material in an article, machine,  or
                  equipment described in G.1 and G.2  if:
                  (i)   The volatile content of such  material consists
                        only of water and organic solvents,  and
                  (ii)   The organic solvents comprise not more than 20
                        percent of said volatile content, and
                  (iii)  The volatile content is not photochemically re
                        active as defined in A.3.
                d)  Coatings applied to permanently located structures
                   or surfaces.

       H.   Disposal of Organic Solvents

           It  shall be prohibited to dispose of,  during any  one day
           a  total  of more  than 1.5 gallons of any photochemically '
           reactive solvent as defined in A.3 or of any material
           containing more  than 1.5 ga^ons of any such
           photochemically  reactive solvent by any means which will
           permit  the evaporation of such solvent in  the atmosphere.

 X.     Emission  Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants

       A.   Definitions

           1.  "Mercury"  means the element mercury, excluding any
              associated elements,  and includes  mercury in  parti-
              culates, vapors,  aerosols,  and compounds.

           2.  "Beryllium"  means the element beryllium.   Where weight
              or concentrations are specified,  such  weights or
              concentrations apply to beryllium  only,  excluding the
              weight or  concentration of  any associated  elements.

      B.   Standards

           1.  Regulations  for certain substances covered in the
              National Emission Standards for  Hazardous  Air Pollu-
              tants  (40  CFR,  Part  61)  are incorporated  by reference
              in Alabama air regulations.   Of  these  incorporated
              regulations  the regulation  for Mercury emissions and
              Beryllium  emissions  are relevant to  this  project.
              Synopses of  the Federal regulations  for mercury and
              beryllium, a designated Hazardous  Air  Pollutants, may
              be found in  the "Federal EPA  Regulations and  Standards*
              portion of this report.

XI.   Standards for New  Stationary  Sources

      A.   Designated Federal  regulations  for new  stationary emissio
           sources  (40 CFR,  Part  60) are incorporated by  reference

                               116

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      ALABAMA; STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

XI.   Standards for New Stationary Sources (Contd.)

          with minor administrative changes.  The portions of these
          Federal regulations relevant to this project have been
          synopsized herein and this synopsis may be found under the
          "Federal EPA Regulations and Standards" portion of this
          report.

      B.  Designated Standards

          The Federal regulations incorporated which are relevant or
          partially relevant to fossil-fuel conversion facilities
          within the scope of this project cover the following listed
          plants or facilities:

          1.  Fossil-fuel fired steam generators (40 CFR, Part 60,
              Subpart D).

          2.  Incinerators (40 CFR, Part 60, Subpart E).

          3.  Storage Vessels for Petroleum Liquids (40 CFR, Part 60,
              Subpart K).

          4.  Petroleum Refineries (40 CFR, Part 60, Subpart J).

          5.  Coal Preparation Plants (40 CFR, Part 60, Subpart Y).
                                117

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                  ALABAMA SOLID  WASTE REGULATIONS
        Basis:    (1)   Solid  Waste  Disposal  Act,  No.   771,  1969,  as
                      amended  by Act  No.  2247,  1971.

                 (2)   Alabama  Rules and Regulations  for  Solid  Waste
                      Management.

        Agency:   Alabama  Department of Public  Health,  Bureau of
                 Environmental Health.

        Notes:    (1)   State  legislation for hazardous  wastes
                      management is pending ,  however, as  of March
                      30,  1977,  a  hazardous waste  survey had not
                      been accomplished.

                 (2)   Management of potentially  hazardous  wastes  is
                      handled  on a case-by-case  basis.
I.     Applicability

       The Act was intended to apply to all who generate, or
       assume responsibility for the management of solid wastes  in
       the State of Alabama.  The rules and regulations are,
       therefore, for general application throughout the State.

II.    Disposal of Solid Waste

       The disposal of solid waste shall be by the following
       approved methods or any combinations thereof:

       A.  Sanitary landfill;

       B.  Incineration; or

       C.  By other methods which fulfills the basic requirements
           of these rules and regulations and where such methods
           have been approved by the Department.

III.   Approval

       No agency or person shall establish or operate a solid
       waste disposal facility without first obtaining approval
       for site location from the Department.

IV.    Exceptions

       A.  The Solid Waste Disposal Act, as last amended, provide
           for the requirements of a business, industry or any   S
           property owner who chooses to store, haul or dispose Of«
           his own solid wastes on his own land or otherwise.

                               118

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                 ALABAMA SOLID WASTE REGULATIONS
IV.    Exceptions
       B.  If the person involved is a business, industry or
           property owner generating wastes in substantial amounts
           in excess of that generated by an individual
           householder, certificates of exception may be granted
           by the Department on receipt of approved plans for
           storage, hauling and disposal.
                               119

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      Basis:


      Agency;

      Note:
          ALASKA WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

      Water Quality Standards, 18AAC, Chapter 70 (October
      1973);  Chapter 72.

      Department of Environmental Conservation

      (1)  The Department of Environmental Conservation
          indicated by letter of June 15, 1977 that the
          Water Quality Standards may be revised in late
          1977 or early 1978.
      GENERAL
      B,
 Minimum  Treatment

 1.  All industrial  waste  discharges  are required  to  have
    treatment  which is  equivalent  to best  practicable
    control  technology  currently available as  shall  be
    defined  for  each industrial  waste.

 2.  Where  this best practicajle  control technology
    currently  available is  inadequate  to achieve  the water
    quality  criteria as listed below,  the  Department will
    require  higher  levels of  treatment.

 Establishment of water use classifications  and criteria
 are as follows:

 1.  Class  A  -  Water supply  without the  need  for treatment
              other than  simple  disinfection and  simple
              removal of  naturally present  impurities;

2. Class  B - Water  supply with  the  need for treatment
             equal  to  coagulation,  sedimentation,
             filtration, disinfection  and  any other
             treatment process  necessary  to remove
             naturally present  impurities;

3. Class  C - Water  contact recreation;

4. Class D - Growth and propagation of  fish;

   Class E - Shell  fish growth and propagation;

   Class  F - Agricultural water supply; and
            Class G - Industrial water supply  (other than  food
                      processing).
II.  SPECIFIC WATER QUALITY CRITERIA

     Listed below are the water quality criteria for two water us
     classifications to illustrate what in all probability, would

                               120

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                  ALASKA WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

II.  SPECIFIC WATER QUALITY CRITERIA  (CONTD.)

     represent the most stringent and least stringent receiving
     water quality parameters.
     A. Class A Waters (See I.B.1  Above)

        1.  Coliform Bacteria



        2.  Dissolved Oxygen

        3.  pH (range)

        4.  Turbidity (Jackson Turbidity
             Units - JTU)

        5.  Temperature

        6.  Dissolved Inorganic Substances
             (total from all sources)

        7.  Residues (including oils, float-
             ing solids, sludge deposits
             and other wastes)
        8. Sediment
        9. Toxic or other   Carbon Chloro-
             deleterious     form Extracts
             substances and
             related Organic
             and Inorganic materials
       10. Color (measured in Color Units)


       11. Radioactivity



       12. Aesthetic Considerations



                                121
£50/100 ml (mean of 5
 or more samples in
 any month)

>5 mg/1

 6.5 - 8.5

<5 JTU


 60°F

 500 mg/1
  None  which  would
  make  receiving water
  unsafe  for  the use
  or  interfere  with
  the water use.

  Below normally
  detectable  amounts

 <0.1 mg/1, and other
  chemical consti-
  tuents  may  not ex-
  ceed  U.S. Public
  Health  Service
  Drinking Water
  Standards,  1962
  (USPHS)

  15  Color Units (true
  color)

  Coforms with  USPHS
  Drinking Water
  Standards

  No  substances which
  are offensive to  the
  sight,  smell, taste
  or  touch.

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                  ALASKA WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
II.  SPECIFIC WATER QUALITY CRITERIA  (CONTD.)

     B. Class G Waters  (See I.B.7 Above)
        1. Coliform Bacteria (where
             worker contact is pre-
             sent)
        2.   Dissolved Oxygen

        3.  pH (range)

        4.  Turbidity (Jackson Tur-
             bidity Units)



        5.  Temperature

        6.  Dissolved Inorganic Sub-
             tances
Residues (including oils,
  floating solids, sludge
       8
      10
                            <1000/100 ml (mean of 5 or
                             more samples per month)  and
                             not more than 20% of the
                             samples during one month
                             may exceed 1000/100 ml

                            >5  mg/1

                             6.5 - 8.5

                             No imposed turbidity that
                             may interfere with esta-
                             blished levels of water
                             supply treatment

                            <70°F

                             No amount above  natural
                             conditions which may cause
                             undue  corrosion,  scaling,
                             or process problems.
                                       No  visible  evidence  of
                                       residues
  deposits and other wastes)

Sediment
                            No imposed loads that will
                            interfere with established
                            levels of treatment
       9. Toxic or other deleterious   Chemical  constituents may
  substances, and related
  Organic and Inorganic
  materials

Color (measured in color
       units)
      1 1 . Radioactivity
      12. Aesthetic Considerations
                            not exceed concentrations
                            found to be of public
                            health significance

                            True color less than 50
                            color units

                            Conforms with USPHS
                            Drinking Water Standards,
                            1962

                            No substances which are
                            offensive to sight, smell,
                            taste or touch
                              122

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                  ALASKA WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

III. WASTEWATER DISPOSAL

     A. Surface Waste Disposal Restrictions

        1.  A waste disposal permit is required  before  any  opera-
           tion is conducted which results in the  disposal of
           wastewater into or upon the waters of the state or
           surface of the land.

        2.  No wastewater or other wastes may be discharged which
           results in a violation of the state's water  quality
           standards.

        3.  Discharges containing oil, petroleum products,  or
           industrial solvents to a sewerage system  designed  to
           contain only sewage or storm water are  prohibited.

     B. Pretreatment

        1.  It may be required that industrial liquid wastes or
           other waste discharged, or planned to be  discharged, to
           a public sewerage system or treatment works  receive
           pretreatment to prevent damaging  effect to  the  treat-
           ment work or receiving waters.

     C. Plan Review

        1.  No person may construct, alter, or modify a sewerage
           system or treatment works until detailed  engineering
           reports, plans and specifications are submitted to,
           and approved, by the  department.

        2.  The engineering reports, plans  and 'specifications shall
           be certified by a professional  engineer registered  in
           the State of Alaska.
                                123

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      ALASKA;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

         Agency:  Department of Environmental Conservation


 I.    General Provisions

      A.   Definitions

          1.   "Fuel burning equipment" means any combustion device
              or part thereof capable of emission, but excludes
              mobile internal combustion engines, incinerators,
              marine vessels, and indoor fireplaces.

          2.   "Incinerator" means any equipment, device or
              contrivance, excluding indoor fireplaces, used for
              the thermal reduction of garbage or other wastes.

          3.   "Particulate matter" means any material, except
              water, which is,  or has been, airborne and exists as
              a  liquid or a solid at standard conditions.

          4.   "Opacity" means the characteristic of a substance
              which renders it  partially or wholly impervious to
              transmittance of  light and causes  obstruction of an
              observer's view.

      B.   In  areas  where existing air quality is better than
          ambient air quality standards, the Department shall
          enforce applicable emission standards  so as to minimize
          degradation of air quality .

      C.   No  person  may permit  any emission which is injurious to
          human  health  or welfare, animal  or plant life or
          property,  or  would unreasonably  interfere with the
          enjoyment  of  life or  property.

     D.   The  use of air for dilution of emission contaminants
          without affecting any  total decrease in such contaminants
          shall  not  be  permitted  as  a method to  effect compliance
          with these  standards.

     E.   A local air quality control agency may establish the same
          or more stringent regulations, but not less stringent
          regulations than  those  herein  for the  State of Alaska.

II.   Visible Emission  Standards

     A.   Industrial  Processes and Fuel  Burning  Equipment

          1.  Maximum emissions

             Not to  exceed  20$ opacity  (excluding  condensed  water
             vapor)  for  periods  aggregating over  three  minutes in
             any hour.
                                124

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     ALASKA;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

II.   Visible Emission Standards  (Contd)

     B.   Incinerators

         1.  Affected facilities:  all incinerators, including
             air curtain incinerators.

         2.  Definitions

             a)  "Air curtain incinerator" means an incinerator  in
                 which large quantities of combustible materials
                 are burned in a rectangular container which is
                 equipped with an overfire air system.

         3.  Maximum emissions

             Not to exceed 2Q% opacity  (excluding  condensed water
             vapor) for periods aggregating over three minutes in
             any hour.

III. Emission Standards for Particulate Matter

     A.   Industrial Processes and Fuel  Burning Equipment

         1.  Maximum emissions
                  0.05 gr/SCF of exhaust  gas

         2.  Exception

             a)  Maximum emission for  fuel burning equipment using
                 coal or municipal waste  as fuel:
                       0.1 gr/SCF of  exhaust gas

     B.   Incinerators

         1.  Maximum emissions
             (with exhaust gas corrected  to 12% CC^)

            <_ 200 Ibs/hr rated capacity:  0.3 gr/SCF of  exhaust  gas,

            > 200 O.OOO Ibs/hr rated  capacity:  0.2 gr/SCF  exhaust,
                gas

            > 1000 Ibs/hr rated  capacity:  0.1  gr/SCF  exhaust  gas.

IV.  Standards  for Fugitive Dust

     A.  It shall be prohibited  to cause  or permit bulk materials
         to be  handled, transported  or stored  without  taking  rea-
         sonable precautions  to  prevent particulate matter from
         becoming airborne.

                               125

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     ALASKA;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE  FOR  STATIONARY  SOURCES


V.   Standards for Ice Fog

     A.  The Department may require  any person  proposing  to  build
         or operate an industrial  process,  fuel  burning equipment,
         or an incinerator in an area of potential  ice fog to
         obtain a permit to operate  and to  reduce water emissions.

VI.  Emission Standards for Sulfur Compounds

     A.  Industrial Processes or Fuel Burning Equipment

         1.  Maximum Emissions of Sulfur Compounds
                     500 ppm (expressed  as  SQg»  by  vol.)
                               126

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            ALASKA SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS


       Basis:   Title 18, Environmental Conservation, Chapter 60
                Solid Waste Management (18 AAC 60.020,
                October 1973)

       Agency:  Department of Environmental Conservation


I.     Solid Waste Management Permit

       A.  No person may establish, modify or operate a solid
           waste disposal facility without a permit.

II.    Disposal on Land

       A.  The disposal of solid waste on the land shall comply
           with the following requirements:

           1.  Disposal of putrescible waste in areas subject to
               permafrost or leachate generation is restricted and
               shall be allo"ed only in conjunction with special
               procedures approved by the Department;

           2.  Open burning on a landfill is prohibited;

           3.  Solid waste shall be deposited in a manner  to
               prevent waste materials, leachate or eroded  soil
               particles from entering the waters of  the state;

           U.  A minimum separation of two feet shall be
               maintained between  putrescible solid waste  and the
               anticipated high ground water table;

           5.  Surface water drainage from areas outside a
               landfill shall not  be allowed to flow  over  or
               through a landfill;

           6.  Solid waste shall be spread in shallow layers  not
               exceeding a depth of two feet prior  to compaction;
               and

           7.  Solid waste shall be compacted and covered  with
               earth or other approved material at  a  frequency
               specified by  the permit requirement.

III.   Incineration

       A.  No person may use an incinerator  facility  for  solid
           waste  processing  that has a total  rated  capacity equal
                               127

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             ALASKA  SOLID  WASTE  MANAGEMENT  REGULATIONS

III.    Incineration  (Contd.)

          . to  or  greater  than 200  pounds per  hour  unless  it
           complies with  the following:

           1.  The  incinerator  shall  be designed and operated  so
               the  emitted  air  contaminants,  including  odors,
               gases  and  particulate  matter do  not  exceed  the
               established  standards.

           2.  The  Department must  inspect the  incinerator
               facility prior to initial operation.

IV.    Hazardous Waste

       A.  Specific approval for the  processing and disposal of
           hazardous  wastes must be obtained  from  the Department.

V.     Definitions

       A.  "Hazardous Waste" means viaste that is capable of
           causing  injury, disease or impairment of health, or
           property damage, including but not limited to poisions
           pesticides, acids, caustics, infectious or pathological
           wastes, radioactive materials, explosive materials, and
           oil and petroleum products.

       B.  "Solid waste disposal facility"  means an intermediate
           disposal facility, transfer station, landfill,
           incinerator, composting plant,  recycling or reclamation
           facility or any site utilized for the reduction,
           consolidation,  conversion,  processing or disposal of
           solid  waste.

       C.  "Leachate" means water that has  percolated through
           solid  waste and contains dissolved  or suspended
           portions from the solid  waste.
                               128

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    COLORADO WATER QUALITY STANDARDS AND EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS

    Basis:   1.   Water Quality Standards for Colorado
                (June 1971*)
            2.   Regulations for Effluent Limitations
                (August 1975)

    Agency:  Colorado Department of Health, Water Quality
             Control Commission

I.  WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

    Note: The following water quality criteria represents the most
          stringent provisions as specified for the water use
          classifications, and by restricting effluent emissions
          so as to not cause the receiving water to exceed the
          standards shown below should satisfy any of the water
          quality for the state for any water use designation.

    A.  Standards applicable to all state waters

        1. No settleable material which would form objectionable
           sludge deposits;

        2. No floating debris, scum, and other floating materials
           which would be unsightly or deleterious;

        3. No materials which would produce color, odor or other
           conditions in amounts so as to create a nuisance;

        4. No substances, either alone or in combinations, in
           concentrations which are toxic to human, animal,  plant,
           or aquatic life;

        5. No substances or  conditions in concentrations  which
           would produce undesirable aquatic life;

        6  Free from residues attributable  to wastewater  or
           visible  film oils or globules of grease, which are
           present  in concentrations which  cause a  film,  other
           discoloration of  the surface, or which cause an
           emulsion  to be  deposited beneath the  surface of the
           water or  upon adjoining  shorelines or which  prevent
           classified uses of such  waters.

        7. The radioactivity of surface waters  shall  be maintained
           at the  lowest  practical  level and shall  in no  case,
           except  when due to natural  causes, exceed  the  latest
           Federal  Drinking  Water Standard  as established by the
           United  States Public Health Service,  the Environmental
           Protection Agency or their  successor.
                                129

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    COLORADO WATER QUALITY STANDARDS AND EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS
I.  WATER QUALITY STANDARDS  (CONTD.)
    B.  Specific Water Quality Criteria (Not addressed in I above)
        Substance or Condition         Limitations
        Fecal Coliform Bacteria        <200/100 mi-Geometric Mean
                                       from five samples in 30 day
                                       period.
        Turbidity                      <.10 Jackson Unit increase
        Dissolved Oxygen               >6 mg/1
        pH (range)                     6.5 - 8.5
        Temperature                    Maximum change 2°F
II. EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS
    A.  Applicability
        These regulations pertain to all wastewater discharges
        into any state waters.
        1. Exceptions
           a. Agricultural return flows, and
           b. Storm runoff waters
    B.  Specific Limitations for Waste Discharges
          Substance                  Effluent Limitations
                                  7-Day Average   30-Day Average
          BOD5                       1*5 mg/1         £30 mg/1
          Suspended Solids          <45 mg/1         <$Q mg/1
          Fecal  Coliform           Determined in accordance with
                                   stream  classification to which
                                   the discharge is made.
          Residual Chlorine         <0.5 mg/1
          pH (range)                  6.0 -  9.0
          Oil and Grease             £10 mg/1 - No  visible  sheen
        Note:  If wastewater  is  returned to the source from which
               it was obtained  the limitations specified  above
               are in addition- to the measured values of the same
               parameters in  the  incoming water.
                               130

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     COLORADO;   STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

     Agency:   Colorado Department of Health, Air Pollution Control
              Division

I.    General Provisions

      A.  Definitions

          1.   "Air contaminant" means any fume, smoke, particulate
              matter, vapor, gas, or any combination thereof, but not
              including water vapor or steam condensate.

          2.   "Division" means the Division of Air Pollution Control,
              Colorado Dept. of Health.

          3.   "Fossil fuel" means natural gas, petroleum, coal and
              any form of solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel derived  from
              such materials.

          M.   "Fuel burning equipment" means any furnace, boiler
              apparatus, stack, or appurtenances thereto used in  the
              process of bur  Lng fuel  for the  primary  purpose of
              producing heat or power  by indirect heat transfer.

          5.   "Fugitive dust" means solid airborne particulate matter
              emitted from any source  other than an opening  which
              channels the flow or air contaminants and  then exhausts
              the contaminants directly into the atmosphere.
              Fugitive dust also includes solid particles released
              into the atmosphere by natural forces or by mechanical
              processes such as crushing, grinding, milling,
              drilling, demolishing, shoveling, conveying, covering,
              bagging, sweeping, etc.

          6.   "Incinerator" means any  furnace  used in  the process of
              burning solid waste for  the primary purpose of reduc-
              ing the volume of the waste by removing  combustible
              matter.

          7.  "Opacity" means  the degree to which an  air contaminant
              emission obscures the view of an observer,  expressed  in
              percentage of  the obscuration,  or in the degree
              (percent) to which transmittance of light  is reduced  by
              an  air  contaminant emission.

          8.  "Particulate matter"  means any material, except  uncom-
              bined  water,  that  exists in a finely divided  form  as  a
              liquid  or  solid.

          9.  "Process  or  process equipment"  means any action,
              operation, or  treatment, involving  chemical,
              industrial,  or  manufacturing  factors,  such as
              heat-treating  furnaces,  by-product  coke plants,
              coke-baking  ovens, mixing  kettles,  cupolas, blast

                                131

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      COLORADO;   STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

  I.    General Provisions  (Contd.)

               furnaces1,  open hearth furnaces, heating and reheating
               furnaces,  ferrous and non-ferrous foundries, kilns
               stills,  dryers, roasters,  and equipment used in   '
               connection therewith, and  all other methods or forms of
               manufacturing or processing that may emit air
               contamination.

           10. "Solid  waste" means refuse, more than 50 percent of
               which is municipal type waste consisting of a mixture
               of paper,  wood, yard  wastes, food wastes, plastics
               leather, rubber and other  combustibles, and noncom-
               bustible materials such as glass and rock.

 II.    Visible Emission Standards

       A.   Maximum  Emissions
             2Q%  opacity

       8.   Exceptions

           1.  Visible  emissions from  pilot plants and experimental
              operations,  for a period not to exceed  180  operating
              days  cumulative total from the  initial  date of
              operations,  shall have  the following limitations:

              Maximum  Emissions
                 i\0% opacity,  for periods aggregating  not  more  than
                 three  minutes in any  60  consecutive minutes

          2.  During the  building of  a new fire,  cleaning of fires
              soot  blowing,  startup,  any process  modification  or   '
              adjustment,  or  occasional  cleaning  of control  equinm^ ..
              the following  limitations  shall  apply:            P««nt

              Maximum  Emissions
              40$ opacity,  for  periods aggregating not  more  than *
              minutes  in  any  one hour                            3

      C.  Opacity Regulations  for Fugitive Dust Emissions  (see


III.   Emission Standards  for Fugitive Dust

      A.  Visible Emission Standards

          1.  Standards for any source of  fugitive dust

              a)   Maximum Emission  (at or from source)
                    2Q% opacity~

                               132

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     COLORADO;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

III.   Emission Standards for Fugitive Dust  (Contd.)

              b)  Particulate matter which is visibly transported off
                  the source premises and remains visible to an
                  observer off such premises when sighting along a
                  line not crossing the property of emission
                  origination shall be prohibited.

          2.  Exceptions to Standards in A.1.

              a)  Sources covered by other fugitive dust standards of
                  this section.  These include:
                  i) unpaved roads and unpaved parking areas (see
                     III.B).
                 ii) earth and construction material moving and
                     excavating activities except for crushing,
                     grinding, milling, conveying, and bagging
                     processes,  (see III.C.).
                iii) Demolition, wrecking, and moving of structures
                     and explosives detonation activities,  (see
                     III.D.).
                 iv) open mining activities,   (see III.E.)
              b)  Sources of fugitive dust which exceed opacity
                  regulations for a period or  periods aggregating
                  less than 3 minutes in any 60 consecutive minutes.
              c)  Sources of fugitive dust exceeding opacity
                  regulations when wind velocities  exceed 30 mph as
                  determined by practices designated and approved by
                  the Division.
              d)  Other  sources as may be specified  by the
                  Commission.

      B.  Unpaved Roads  and Unpaved Parking Areas

          1.  Abatement  and preventive measures as  outlined in III.
              F. herein  shall be used during  construction.  [With a
              few minor  exoeptons new roads and parking areas  require
              construction and  operating  permits,  each of which
              contains  standards for  the  control  of fugitive dust
              specifically for  the  project  such permit is issued
              for.]

      C.  Earth and  Construction Material Moving  and Excavating  (not
          including  crushing, grinding, milling,  conveying, and
          bagging processes).

          1.  No developer  of a construction  or  land development
              project  shall,  throughout  the  duration of  the project,
              disturb  or contract  to  disturb  by  grading,  excavating
              or depositing  on  more total  surface area than five
              acres of  land  in  the  aggregate  unless abatement  and
              preventive measures  as  outlined in  subsection F  are met
              continually.
                                133

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     COLORADO:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

III.  Emission Standards for Fugitive Dust  (Contd.)

              [New regulated sources require permits which contain
              additional requirements specific to the project.]

      D.  Demolition, Wrecking, and Moving of Structures and
          Explosives Detonation Activities.

          1.  No person shall conduct demolition, wrecking, or
              of structures or explosives detonation activities
              unless the provisions of III. F. are met continually.
              [These sources require permits containing additional*
              requirements specific to the project.]

      E.  Open Mining Activities

          No developer of an open mining activity shall, throughout
          the duration of the operation, disturb or contract to
          disturb by grading, excavating, or depositing a total land
          surface area of more than one acre in the aggregate unless
          provisions of III. F. are met continually.  Open mining
          shall mean the mining of natural mineral deposits,
          limestone,  coal,  sand gravel, and quarry aggregate, by
          removing the overburden lying above such deposits and
          mining directly from the deposits thereby exposed.  The
          term includes,  but is not limited to,  such practices as
          open cut mining,  open pit mining, strip mining,  quarryin»
          and dredging.   [Additional requirements specific to the
          project are contained in the required permit.]

      F.   Required Abatement and Preventive Measures

          1.   Unpaved Roads  and Unpaved Parking Areas.
              a)   Abatement  and preventive measures shall  be approv A
                  by  the  Division and  may include but shall not be
                  limited to frequent  watering,  addition of dust
                  palliatives,  detouring,  paving, closure,  speed
                  control,  or other means such as surface  treatment
                  with penetration chemicals (ligninsulfonates, oil
                  water,  cutbacks,  etc.)  or methods of  equal or
                  greater effectiveness in reducing the air
                  contamination produced.

          2.   Demolition,  Wrecking and  Explosive  Detonation
              Activities;  Earth and Construction  Material  Moving
              Mining  and  Excavation Activities.                  '
              a)   Abatement  and preventive fugitive dust control
                  measures  shall be approved by  the Division and
                  include,  but  shall not  be limited to:

                  .   wetting down,  including pre-watering;
                     landscaping and replanting with native
                       vegetation;

                               134

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     COLORADO:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

III.  Emission Standards for Fugitive Dust  (Contd.)

                     covering, shielding or enclosing the area;
                     paving (temporary or permanent);
                     treating, the use of dust palliatives and
                     chemical stabilization;
                     detouring;
                     restriction of the speed of vehicles on sites;
                     prevention of the deposit of dirt and mud on
                     improved streets and roads; and other such
                     effective means of dust control as the
                     Division may deem necessary;
                     disturbing less topsoil and reclaiming as soon
                     as possible.
              b)  Sequential blasting shall be employed whenever or
                  wherever feasible to reduce the amounts of unconfined
                  particulate matter;
              c)  Such dust control strategies as revegetation, delay
                  of surface opening until demanded, or surface
                  compaction and sealing, shall  be  applied.
              d)  Haulage eqv'pment shall be washed or wetted  down,
                  treated, or covered when necessary to minimize the
                  amount of dust emitted  in transit and in loading.
              e)  The measures in this subsection F.2. shall also  be
                  enforced during periods when actual  construction
                  work is not being conducted, such as on weekends
                  and holidays.

IV.   Emission  Standards for Particulate  Matter

      A.  Maximum Emissions from Fuel-Burning Equipment

          1.  Single units.

              <,  1 MM Btu/hr fuel  input: 0.5  Ib/MM Btu heat  input

              >  1 MM Btu/hr <500  MM  Btu/hr:

                  use formula:   PE  =  0.5  (FI)-°'26

                  where:  PE  is  particulate  emissions  in  Ib/MM Btu;
                          FI  is  fuel  input  in  MM Btu/hour

              >500 MM Btu/hr:  0.1  Ib/MM  Btu

          2.  Multiple Units.

              Where 2 or more  units connect to  any  opening,  each
              separate  unit  shall  have  the  same  maximum emission rate
              as determined  using  IV.  A.  1.  above for  single units
              and  the total  for  the combined  facility shall be equal
              to the  sum  of  all  separate  unit  rates.

                                135

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      COLORADO:   STANDARDS  OF  PERFORMANCE  FOR  STATIONARY  SOURCES

 IV.    Emission  Standards  for  Particulate  Matter   (Contd.)

       B.   Maximum  Emissions from  Incinerators.

           1.  Inside  designated air  pollution control  areas:

                 0.10  gr/SCF (Dry) flue gas, corrected  to 12$ C02

           2.  Outside designated  air pollution control areas:

                 0.15  gr/SCF (Dry) flue gas, corrected  to 12$ C02

       C.   Maximum  Emissions from  Manufacturing Processes

           1.  Process Weight  Rates <30 tons/hr

                 Use:     E=3.59P°'62

                 Where:   E is maximum emission in Ib/hr, and
                         P is procesr weight rate in tons/hr

          2.  Process Weight  Rates >30 tons/hr

                 Use:      E =  17.31P0-16

                 Where:    (E and P are as defined in C.I. above.)

V.    Emission Standards for Sulfur Dioxide and Sulfur Compounds

      A.  General

          1.  Standards for Compounds with Sulfur in Oxidized State
              a)  For the purposes of this regulation all oxidized
                  forms of sulfur (including but not restricted to
                  sulfur trioxide (SOo),  thionyl chloride
                  (SOC12),  sulfuric acid mist (HpSOn)
                  shall be considered as sulfur dioxide.   The
                  standards herein for S02 shall be applied to
                  such compounds after converting them on a molar
                  basis to equivalent S02 and totalling all such
                  equivalent moles for tne entire gaseous emission
                  stream or source.

          2.  Also  see section IX  for standards limiting  certain
              sulfur compounds in  new stationary sources  (fossil-fu
              fired steam generators  and  petroleum refineries -
              IX.A.3.  and IX.C.5., respectively).

      B.   Current Sulfur Dioxide (S02)  Standards  for Process
          Units.

          1.  Maximum Concentration of  SOp^in  Emissions
                            500 ppm  (by  vol.)

                               136

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     COLORADO;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

V.    Emission Standards for Sulfur Dioxide and Sulfur Compounds
                              (Contd.)

      C.  Sulfur Dioxide Standards for Process Units - to be
          effective on Jan. 1, 1985.

          1.  Maximum Concentration of SO? and Rate of Emissions
                                500 ppm (By vol.)

                and:   Emissions of not greater than 5 tons SC>2
                       per day from any process unit (applies only to
                       S02 concentrations of 150 ppm by vol. or
                       more).

          2.  Any sources to be constructed or contracted for
              construction after Jan. 1, 1980 shall meet the 1985
              standards in C.I. above.

VI.   Standards for Odorous Emissions

      A.  Standards for land areas used predominantly  for residential
          or  commercial purposes:
              Odors not to be detectable after air  sample diluted
              with 7 volumes or more  of odor free air.

      B.  Standards for all land area usage other than as in
          subsection A:
              Odors not to be detectable after air  sample diluted
              with 15 volumes or more of odor  free  air.

      C.  Exceptions.

          1.  In the case of manufacturing  processes,  no violation of
              this regulation shall occur if the best  practical
              control method currently available is installed and
              utilized  for abatement  of the emission.

          2.  Regardless of area,  however,  an  emission shall be  in
              violation of this regulation  when  odors  are detected in
              an emission  sample diluted with  127 volumes or more  of
              odor  free air.

VII.  Emission Standards for Hydrocarbon Vapors

      A.  Standards for Waste Gas  Disposal.

          1.  Hydrocarbon  vapors  from blowdown systems or  emergency
              relief valves:  shall be burned  in  smokeless  flares or
              Division  approved equipment  of  equal  efficiency.

      B.  Standards for Organic Solvents

          1.  Definitions
                                137

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     COLORADO:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

VII.  Emission Standards for Hydrocarbon Vapors  (Contd.)

              a)  For the purposes of this subsection B. organic
                  materials are defined as chemical compounds of
                  carbon excluding carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide,
                  carbonic acid, metallic carbides, metallic
                  carbonates, and ammonium carbonate.

              b)  For the purposes of this subsection B. organic
                  solvents include diluents and thinners and are
                  defined as organic materials which are liquids at
                  standard conditions and which are used as
                  dissolvers, viscosity reducers and cleaning agents.


              c)  For the purposes of this subsection B. a
                  photochemically reactive solvent is any solvent
                  with an aggregate of more than 20$ of its total
                  volume composed of the chemical compounds
                  classified below or which exceeds any of the
                  following individual percentage composition
                  limitations,  referred to the total volume of
                  solvent.
                  i)    A combination of hydrocarbons, alcohols,
                       aldehydes, esters,  ethers, or ketones having
                       an olefinic or cyclo-olefinic type of
                       unsaturation:  5%
                  ii)  A combination of aromatic compounds with  eight
                       or more  carbon atoms to the molecule, except
                       ethylbenzene:  8/6
                  iii)  A combination of ethylbenzene, ketones having
                       branched hydrocarbon structures,
                       trichloroethylene or toluene: 2Q%.
                  Whenever  any  organic solvent or any constituent of
                  an  organic solvent may be classified from its
                  chemical  structure into  more than one  of the above
                  groups of organic compounds,  it shall  be considered
                  as  a member of the most  reactive chemical group;
                  that is,  that group having the least allowable
                  percent of the total volume of solvents.

                  [Colorado Air Regulation No.  7 includes a table of
                  "Photochemical Reactivity of Common Solvents"  whioh
                  shows the category i)-iii)  above in which each
                  listed solvent fits or that the solvent may be used
                  in  all percentages.]

          2.   Affected facilities and substances.
              a)   Emissions of  organic materials to the  atmosphere
                  from the  clean-up,  with  photocheraically reactive


                               138

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     COLORADO:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

VII.  Emission Standards for Hydrocarbon Vapors  (Contd.)

                  solvent as defined in subsection B.l.c) of any
                  article, machine, equipment, or other contrivance
                  described in subsections B.3.a)-c) shall be
                  included with the other emissions of organic
                  materials from that article, machine, equipment, or
                  other contrivance for determining compliance with
                  this Section B.

          3.  Emission Standards

              a)  It shall be prohibited to discharge into the
                  atmosphere more than 15 pounds of organic materials
                  in any one day, nor more than 3 pounds thereof  in
                  any one hour, from any article, machine, equipment
                  or other contrivance in which any organic solvent
                  or any material containing organic solvent comes in
                  contact with flame or is baked, heat-cured, or
                  heat-polyr~rized, in the presence of oxygen, unless
                  said discharge has been reduced by at least 85$.
              b)  It shall be prohibited to discharge into the
                  atmosphere more than 40 pounds of organic materials
                  in any one day, nor more than 8 pounds in any one
                  hour, from any article, machine, equipment, or
                  other contrivance used under conditions other than
                  described in a) above for employing, or applying,
                  any photochemically reactive solvent, as defined in
                  subsection B.l.c) or material containing such
                  photochemically reactive solvent, unless said
                  discharge has been reduced by at least 85 percent.
                  Emissions of organic materials into the atmosphere
                  resulting from air or heated drying of products for
                  the first 12 hours after their removal from any
                  article, machine, equipment, or other  contrivance
                  described in this subsection B. shall  be included
                  in determining compliance with this subsection.
                  Emissions resulting  from baking, heat-curing, or
                  heat-polymerizing as described in subsection B.
                  3.a)shall be excluded from determination of
                  compliance with  this subsection.
              c)  It shall be  prohibited to discharge into the
                  atmosphere more  than 3,000 pounds of organic
                  materials in any  one day, nor more than U50 pounds
                  in any  one hour,  from any article, machine,
                  equipment or other contrivance in which any
                  non-photochemically  reactive organic solvent  or any
                  material containing  such solvent  is  employed  or
                  applied, unless  said discharge has been  reduced by
                  at least 85  percent.  Emissions  of organic
                  materials into the atmosphere  resulting  from  air or
                  heated  drying  of products  for  the  first  12  hours

                               139

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     COLORADO;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

VII.  Emission Standards for Hydrocarbon Vapors  (Contd.)

                  after their removal from any article, machine,
                  equipment, or other contrivance described in this
                  subsection c) shall be included in determining
                  compliance with this subsection c).  Emissions
                  resulting from baking, heat-curing, or heat-poly-
                  merizing as described in subsection B.3.a) shall be
                  excluded from determination of compliance with this
                  subsection.

              d)  Emissions of organic materials into the atmosphere
                  required to be controlled by subsection B.3.a)-c)
                  shall be reduced by:
                  i)  Incineration, provided that 90 percent or more
                      of the carbon in the organic material being
                      incinerated is oxidized to carbon dioxide,
                  ii) Adsorption, or
                 iii) Processing in a manner to be not less efficient
                      than i) or ii) above, provided said processing
                      and equipment, as documented, is submitted to
                      and approved by the Division.

          H.  Exceptions.  The provisions of this subsection B. shall
              not apply to:
              a)  The manufacture of organic solvents, or the
                  transport or storage of organic solvents or
                  materials containing organic solvents.
              b)  The use of equipment for which other requirements
                  are specified by other subsections of this section
                  VII, or which are exempt from air pollution control
                  requirements.
              c)  The use of any material in any article, machine,
                  equipment, or other contrivance described in
                  B.3.a)-c) if the organic solvent or any material
                  containing organic solvent does not come into
                  direct contact with flame, and if the total
                  volatile content of the material is not photo-
                  chemically reactive as defined in B.1.c), and it
                  meets any one of the following conditions:
                  i)  The total volatile content contains not more
                      than 20% by volume organic solvent, and the
                      remainder consists only of water, or
                  ii) The total volatile content does not exceed 30$
                      by volume, and a substantial portion of which
                      evaporates before reaching the first heated
                      zone, or
                 iii) The total volatile content does not exceed 5%
                      by volume.
                               140

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    COLORADO;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

VIII.  Emissions Standards for Hazardous Chemical Substances and
       Physical Agents

     A.  Substances on TLV Lists

         1.  No person shall cause or permit the emission of any
             chemical substance or physical agent listed in the 1973
             edition of "Threshold Limit Values" (TLV) as published
             by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial
             Hygienists (ACGIH), adopted at the 35th Annual Meeting
             in Boston, Mass, in May, 1973 to exceed the allowable
             emission rate as determined herein.  Only those
             substances and agents with numerical limit values on
             such TLV list and substances specially designated
             herein shall be subject to the limitations of this
             Section VIII.
             a)  Exemptions to standards in this section VIII are
                 shown in VIII. D.

         2.  A partial listing (only compounds beginning with letter
             Maw) of threshold limit values for hazardous substances
             and agents as adopted by the ACGIH and referenced in
             A.1. is shown below.  No analysis has been made of this
             list to determine relevant compounds and  values for
             standards, as it is anticipated that analysis of health
             effects and projected standards for many  such currently
             non-criteria trace elements is to be the  subject of
             future project work.

                 ADOPTED VALUES (in Alphabetic Order)  a)  b
             Substance                         ppm     mg/M

             Abate                             -         10
           + Acetaldehyde                       100      180
             Acetic acid                         10       25
          +C Acetic anhydride                    5       20
             Acetone                         1,000    2,400
             Acetonitrile                        40     70
             2-Acetylamino-fluorene- Skin      -        A^
             Acetylene                           F
             Acetylene  dichloride, see  1,
               2-Dichloroethylene
             Acetylene  tetrabromide               1       14
             Acrolein                           0.1     0.25
             Acrylamide - Skin                  -        0.3
             Acrylonitrile -  Skin                20       45
             Aldrin -  Skin                      -       0.25
             Allyl  alcohol -  Skin                 2        3
                              141

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     COLORADO;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

VIII. Emission Standards for Hazardous Chemical Substances and
      Physical Agents  (Contd.)

              Allyl chloride                      1       5
           •C Allyl glycidyl ether (AGE)        (10)    (45)
              Allyl propyl disulfide              2      12
              Alundum (Al 0 )                   -         E
              4-Aminodiphenyl - Skin            -       Alb
              2-Aminoethanol, see Ethanolamine  -
              2-Aminopyridine                   0.5       2
            + Ammonia                            25      18
            • Ammonium chloride, fume           -        10
              Ammonium sulfamate (Ammate)       -        10
              n-Amyl acetate                    100     525
              sec-Amyl acetate                  125     650
              Aniline - Skin                      5      19
              Anlsidine (o, p-isomers) -Skin    -       0.5
              Antimony & compounds (as Sb)      -       0.5
              ANTU (alpha naphthyl thiourea)    -       0.3

                  ADOPTED VALUES (in Alphabetic Order)
                                                   a)        b)
              Substance                         ppm     mg/JP

              Argon                             F
              Arsenic & compounds (as As)       -       0.5
              Arsine                            0.05    0.2
              Asphalt (petroleum) fumes         -         5
              Azinphos methyl - Skin            -       0.2

                                 NOTES

                Capital letters refer to appendices (not included
                herein)
              • 1972 Addition
             ** See notice of intended changes
              + 1973 Addition
             a) Parts of vapor or gas per million parts of contaminated
                air by volume at 25°C and 760 mm Hg. pressure.
             b) Approximate milligrams of substance per cubic meter of
                air.
             d) An atmospheric concentration of not more than 0.02 ppm
                or personal protection may be necessary to avoid      '
                headaches.
             e) <5-7 urn in diameter
             f) As sampled by method that does not collect vapor.
             g) According to analytically determined composition.
             h) For control of general room air, biologic  monitoring ia
                essential for personnel control.
                               142

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     COLORADO;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

VIII. Emission Standards for Hazardous Chemical Substances and
      Physical Agents  (Contd.)

          3.  The provisions of A.1. above shall apply to lead with
              substitutions as follow for the T.L.V. value of lead in
              the referenced T.L.V. list (for use in allowable emission
              calculation procedures herein) .

                        T.L.V.
              lead:  0.04 mg/M3 (Use as a "C" prefix limit in
                       calculations herein with no  excursion factor  to
                       be included).

          4.  Determination of allowable emissions  for substances  in
              A.I.-3. herein shall  be carried out as shown in
              subsection VIII. C.

          5.  Any person subject to this regulation must also conform
              to standards of all  other applicable  Colorado air
              regulations and meet  the most  stringent requirements as
              between such other regulations and all applicable
              standards herein.

      B.  Standards  for Beryllium

          1.  TLV Standard
ird
l3~(
              0.002 mg/M^  (no  "C"  prefix)

          2.  Additional Standards for  Beryllium  Emissions  from
              Incinerators
              a)  Definition.   "Incinerator"  means  any furnace used in
                  the  process  of burning  waste  for  the primary purpose
                  of reducing  the  volume  of the waste  by removing
                  combustible  matter.
              b)  The  burning  of beryllium  or beryllium containing
                  waste  is prohibited  except  in incinerators.
              c)  Maximum  emission
                  10g/24 hr period,  except  as provided for  in  1.d)
                  below
              d)  Alternate standard
                  It may be requested,  subject  to application  to and
                  approval from the Division, that  an  ambient
                  concentration limit  for beryllium in the  vicinity of
                  the  source be used as an  alternate to the emission
                  standard in  1.b) above.
                  This ambient s-tandard is:
                    0.01 ug/bP, averaged  over a 30-day period.
                    (approval  requires submittal  of considerable recent
                    historical process operating  data)

       C.   Calculation  Method for TLV Substances
           Regulation No. 8 of the  Colorado air regulations presents
           procedures  for calculating allowable emissions in g/sec  of

                             143

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     COLORADO:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES •

VIII. Emission Standards for Hazardous Chemical Substances and
      Physical Agents  (Contd.)

          substances to which this section VIII is applicable.  A brief
          summary of these procedures follows.

          1.  Data Needed
              a)  h (stack height) being the height in meters of point
                  of emission into atmosphere above ground level.
              b)  Effluent flowrate being the flowrate in cubic meters
                  per second of effluent gases, corrected to actual
                  conditions exiting from the opening.
              c)  Temperature of effluent in degrees centigrade.

          2.  Basic Formulae.  (Some substances on the TLV list have
              "C" prefixes,  others do not.  "C" prefixes, in effect,
              mean the adopted value is a maximum allowable
              concentration  where excursions of concentration above
              this value for periods up t<~ 15 minutes may result in
              certain intolerable or *rre*ersible effects).
              a)  for substances with "C" prefixes use:
                    E = (TLV value) (Factor "A")
                      where: E is allowable emission rate in g/sec; and
                      TLV value is in Mg/M3 and taken from the TLV
                      value  tables (of ACGIH);  and Factor «A«? is in MM
                      m3/sec and taken from the applicable
                      nomograph in Colorado Regulation No.  8.

              b)  for substances without "C" prefixes use:
                    E = (TLV value) (Factor "A") (Excursion Factor)
                      where: E,  TLV and Factor "A" are all as defined
                      in 2.a),  above,  and the Excursion Factor is taken
                      from the  proper table in Regulation No.  8.
                      i)  Excursion factors relate 7 or 8  hour exposures
                         to  maximum allowable short-term concentra-
                         tions.   They are not to be used  if emission
                         durations exceed 9 consecutive hours in any 24
                         hr  period.

          3.   Calculation Procedure
              a~5Factor "A" is  determined from a nomograph by use of
                  the  Effective  Stack Height (He), in meters, which in
                  turn  varies with actual stack height (h) in meters,
                  and  plume  rise (h),  in  meters, according to:
                    He  =  h + h
              b)   h  is  obtained  from  a  table in Regulation 8  and is
                  dependent  on Heat Emission Rate, Qh,  in  Kcal/sec.
              c)   Qh  is obtained from  the relationship:
                    Qh  s  0.25 (Temp.,  °C)  (Flowrate,  m3/sec)

                     where:  Qh is in  Kcal/sec, and  flowrate is that
                     of  the effluent  gases

                               144

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VIII. Emission Standards for Hazardous Chemical Substances and
      Physical Agents   (Contd.)

              d)  The TLV value is then determined for the compound
                  from the TLV list in Regulation No. 8.  If there is
                  an excursion factor (substance has no "C" prefix), it
                  is obtained from the proper table in Regulation No. 8
                  (varying with TLV value).
              e)  The allowable emission rate (E) in g/sec is then
                  calculated using the values so determined in the
                  formula in either 2. a) or 2. b) above depending on
                  whether a "C" prefix exists for the substance.

      D.  Exemptions to the standards of section VIII.

          1.  Gasoline and diesel-powered engines
          2.  Carbon dioxide
          3.  Sulfur dioxide
          4.  Oxides of nitrogen from combustion processes of less than
              500,000 Btu/hr.

IX.   Standards for New Stationary Sources

      A.  Fossil-Fuel Fired Steam Generators

          1.  Affected Facilities:  Units >250  MM Btu/hr heat input.

          2.  Particulate Matter Standard
              a)  Maximum emission
                    0.10 Ib/MM  Btu heat  input,  max.  2-hr average
              b)  Maximum opacity
                    20^6, except 40/6 permissable for  not more  than  two
                    hrs in any  one hr.

                    Exception:  Where the  presence  of  uncombined water
                    is  the only reason  for  failure  to  meet  the  above
                    opacity  requirements,  it  shall  not  be  a  violation.

          3.  Sulfur Dioxide  (SC^) Standard
              a)  Maximum emission
                  T)Liquid  fossil  fuel:   0.80  Ib/MM Btu  heat  input,
                        max.  2-hr  average
                  ii)   Solid  fossil  fuel:  1.2 Ib/MM Btu heat input,
                        max.  2-hr  average
                  iii)  Where  different  fossil fuels are burned
                        simultaneously in any combination,  the standard
                        shall  be determined  by the  following:

                        Use:  std=  Y(0.80) +  Z(1.2)  (std. in Ib/MM Btu)
                                     X + Y + Z
                                 145

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     COLORADO;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

IX.   Standards for New Stationary Sources(Contd.)

                       Where:    X is the % of total heat input from
                                   gaseous fossil fuel,
                                 Y is the % of total heat input from
                                   liquid fossil fuel, and
                                 Z is the % of total heat input from
                                   solid fossil fuel.

          4.  Nitrogen Oxides Standard
              a)  Maximum emission
                    (Ibs, expressed as NC^)

                  i)   gaseous fossil fuel: 0.20 Ib/MM Btu heat
                       input, max. 2 hr average
                  ii)  liquid fossil fuel: 0.30 Ib/MM Btu heat
                       input, max. 2 hr average
                  iii) solid fossil fuel: 0.70 Ib/MM Btu heat
                       input, max.  2 hr average
                  iv)  where different fossil fuels are burned
                       simultaneously in any combination, the standard
                       shall be determined by the following:

                       Use: std = X(0.20) + Y(0.30) + Z(0.70)
                                          X + Y + Z
                       Where:     X is the % of total heat input from
                                    gaseous fossil fuel, and
                                  Y is the % of total heat input from
                                    liquid fossil fuel, and
                                  Z is the % of total heat input from
                                    solid fossil fuel.

      B.   Incinerators

          1.  Affected Facilities: Incinerators of more than 50 tons
              per day charging rate.

          2.  Particulate Matter Standard
              a)  Maximum emission
                    0.08 gr/S.C.F., corrected to 12$ C02,
                    max. 2-hr average

      C.   Petroleum Refineries

          1.  Affected Facilities:  fluid catalytic cracking unit
              catalyst regenerators,  fluid catalytic cracking unit
              incinerator waste heat  boilers, and fuel gas combustion
              devices within petroleum refineries.

          2.  Definitions
              a)  "Fuel gas" means any gas which is generated by a
                  petroleum refinery  process unit and which is

                               146

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     COLORADO:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

IX.   Standards for New Stationary Sources(Contd.)

                  combusted, including any gaseous mixture of natural
                  gas and fuel gas which is combusted.
              b)  "Fuel gas combustion device" means any equipment,
                  such as process heaters, boilers and flares used to
                  combust fuel gas, but does not include fluid coking
                  unit and fluid catalytic cracking unit incinerator-
                  waste heat boilers or facilities in which gases are
                  combusted to produce sulfur or sulfuric acid.
              c)  "Petroleum" means the crude oil removed from the
                  earth and the oils derived from tar sands, shale, and
                  coal.
              d)  "Petroleum refinery" means any facility engaged in
                  producing gasoline, kerosene, distillate fuel oils,
                  residual fuel oils, lubricants, or other products
                  through distillation of  petroleum or through redis-
                  tillation, cracking or reforming of unfinished
                  petroleum derivatives.
              e)  "Process gas" means any  gas generated by a petroleum
                  refinery process unit, except fuel gas and process
                  upset gas.
              f)  "Refinery process unit"  means any segment of the
                  petroleum refinery in which a specific processing
                  operation is conducted.
          3.  Particulate Matter Standard; Opacity Standard
              a)  For  fluid catalytic cracking unit catalyst
                  regenerators and fluid catalytic cracking unit
                  incinerator-waste heat boilers:
                  i)   Maximum particulate emission
                         1.0 lb/1000 Ib of coke burn-off
                  ii)  Maximum opacity
                         less than 30%, except  for 3 minutes  in  any  1
                         hour (where uncombined water  is  the  only
                         reason  for  failure  to meet this  requirement,
                         there is  no violation)

          4.  Carbon  Monoxide (CO)
              a)  For  fluid  catalytic  cracking  unit catalyst
                  regenerator:

                  Maximum emission
                    0.050$  (by vol.)  in  exit gases

          5.  Sulfur  Dioxide
              a)  For  fuel  gas  combustion  devices:
                  i)   Maximum HgS in  fuel gas  entering
                                      0.10  gr/D.S.C.F.
                                147

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     COLORADO:   STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

IX.    Standards for New Stationary Sources(Contd.)

                  ii)   Exemptions and exceptions from 5.a)i) above:
                       Combustion of process gas in a flare or the
                       combustion in a flare of process gas or fuel gas
                       from relief valve leakage is exempt.  An
                       election can be made to treat the gases
                       resulting from the combustion of a fuel gas in a
                       manner which limits the release of S02 to
                       the atmosphere if it is shown to the
                       satisfaction of the Division that this prevents
                       S02 emissions as effectively as compliance
                       with 5.a)i).
                                148

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         COLORADO SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL REGULATIONS
      Basis:   Title 30, Article 20 - Part I Solid Waste
               Disposal Sites and Facilities

      Agency:  Colorado Department of Health

I.     Certificate of Designation

      A.  A Certificate of Designation from the Board  of
          County Commissioners of the county is required  for
          any person to operate a solid waste disposal  site
          in the unincorporated portion of any country.

      B.  No private dumping of solid wastes shall be  made
          on any property within the unincorporated  portion
          of any country, except on or at an approved  site
          and facility, but private dumping of one's own
          solid wastes on one's own property is allowed as
          long as it does not constitute a public nuisance,
          and is in accordance with the rules and
          regulations of the department.

II.   Scope of Regulations

      A.  The regulations shall be applicable to  all solid
          waste disposal sites and facilities, whether
          designated by ordinance within the corporate
          limits or by the Board of County Commissioners  in
          unincorporated areas.

III.  Minimum Standards

      A.  Obnoxious odors shall be prevented, also rodent
          and insect breeding and infestation shall  be
          prevented.

      B.  Such sites and facilities shall comply  with  the
          health laws and regulations, and the air pollution
          control requirements.

      C.  Radioactive materials shall not be disposed  of  in
          sites not specifically designated  for  that
          purpose.

      D.  A site and facility operated as a  sanitary
          landfill  shall provide means of finally disposing
          of solid  wastes on land in a manner to  minimize
          nuisance  conditions, and shall have adequate cover
          and survace drainage to prevent ponding and  water
          and wind  erosion.
                               149

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         COLORADO SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL REGULATIONS
III.  Minimum Standards   (Contd.)

      E.  Sites and facilities shall be adequately fenced  to
          prevent waste material and debris from escaping.

      F.  Solid wastes deposited at any site or facility
          shall not be burned, provided however, in extreme
          emergencies, authorization for burning under
          controlled conditions may be given by the
          Department.
                               150

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                IDAHO WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
     Basis:  Water Quality Standards and Wastewater Treatment
             Requirements  (June, 1973).

     Agency: Idaho Department of Environmental and Community
             Services.

I.  GENERAL

    A.  Highest and Best Practicable Treatment and Control
        Required

        Notwithstanding the water quality standards, where  a
        higher standard can be achieved, the highest and  best
        practicable treatment and/or control of wastewaters
        activities and flows shall be provided so  as to
        maintain dissolved oxygen at the highest desirable
        levels and overall water quality as good as possible;
        with water temperatures, coliform bacteria, dissolved
        chemical substances, toxic materials, radioactivity,
        turbidities, cr^or, odor and other deleterious  factors
        at  the lowest desirable  levels.

    B.  General Water Quality Standards

        Note: The  following general water quality  standards
              will apply to all  waters  of the state, both
              surface and  underground,  in addition to  the
              specific water quality standards.  Waters  of  the
              state shall  not contain:

              1. Toxic chemicals of other than  natural  origin
                 in concentrations  found  to  be  of  public
                 health  significance or to  adversely affect
                 the use for which  the  waters have been
                 classified.

              2. Deleterious substances of  other  than  natural
                 origin.

              3. Radioactive materials  or radioactivity other
                 than natural origin which:

                 a) Exceed the  Idaho Radiation  Control
                    Regulations.

                 b) Exceed the  concentrations  specified in  the
                     1962 U.S.  Public Health  Service Drinking
                    Water  Standards for waters  used for
                    domestic  supplies.

                 c) Have a demonstrable effect  on aquatic
                     life.
                                151

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                IDAHO WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

I.  GENERAL (CONTD.)

         4. Floating or submerged matter not attributable  to
            natural causes.

         5. Excess nutrients.

         6. Visible concentrations of oil, sludge deposits,
            scum, foam or other material that may adversely
            affect the use indicated.

         7. Objectionable turbidity not of natural origin.

II. SPECIFIC WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

    Note:  The following specific water quality criteria
           represents the most stringent provisions as
           specified for the water use classification and, by
           restricting effluent emissions so as not to cause
           the receiving water to exceed the standards shown
           below,  should satisfy any of the water quality  for
           the state for any water use designation.
           Substance

           1 .   Total Colif orm
           2.   Fecal Colif orm
           3.   Dissolved Oxygen

           4.   pH

           5.   Temperature
           6.   Turbidity
        Limitation

 50/100 ml Geometric Mean
20% of total samples for 30
day period  200/100 ml.

 10/100 ml Geometric Mean
10% of total samples for 30
day period   20/100 ml;  50/100
ml for single sample.

  6 mg/1

6.5 to 9.0

No measurable increase when
water temperatures are 66°F
or above; no more than 2°F
increase when water tempera-
tures are 64°F or less.  (as
measured immediately outside
the established mixing zone).

 5 Jackson Units (other than
natural origin, if turbidity
is greater than 5 Jackson
Units, then there shall be
no increase greater than 5
additional Jackson Units).
                               152

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                IDAHO WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

II. SPECIFIC WATER QUALITY STANDARDS  (CONTD.)

         Substance                     Limitation

         7. Total Dissolved Gas     110 % of saturation at
                                  atmospheric pressure at
                                  point of sample collections.

III. REGULATIONS GOVERNING WASTEWATER DISCHARGES

    A.  Any person who conducts any operation which  results  in
        the discharge of wastewater shall furnish the Depart-
        ment of Environmental and Community Services such
        information as they desire.

    B.  Determination of adequate treatment for wastewater
        shall be the equivalent of  85% removal of the BOD  and
        suspended solids, or conform  with any more  stringent
        limitations necessary to meet the state's water
        quality standards.  Adequate  waste treatment includes
        disinfection of any waste which may contain  organisms,
        that produce disease in man or animals.  Failure  to
        provide adequate treatment  shall be considered  a
        violation of these regulations.

    C.  Notwithstanding the water quality standards  contained
        herein, the quality of discharges to  lakes  and  impound-
        ments as defined by its various physical and chemical
        properties shall not exceed the values obtained  for
        the same properties of the  receiving  water  except
        where an effluent is currently discharged  to a  flowing
        stream which subsequently becomes an  impoundment  or
        where an industry currently discharges an  effluent
        which is lower in quality than the receiving water
        only in terms of temperature.

    D.  Waste disposal facilities to  subsurface  shall  be
        designed and located such that sources of  water
        pollution will not enter  adjacent waters.   Such
        disposal systems shall  not  be located within 300  feet
        of the shores of lakes  and  impoundments,  including
        tributary streams used  for  domestic,  recreational or
        aesthetic purposes,  as  determined  from the  known
        highest water level  of  such waters.

    E.  Deleterious matter shall  not  be  stored,  disposed  of,
        or allowed  to accumulate  in the  immediate  vicinity of
        any portion of the waters  of  the  state in  a manner
        that such material will  or  is likely  to  enter  the
        water.  This material  shall include,  but not be
        limited  to,  oil,  chemicals, trash  and rubbish.


                                153

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                IDAHO WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

III. REGULATIONS GOVERNING WASTEWATER DISCHARGES  (CONTD.)

    F.  Accidental spills of deleterious  materials  shall  be
        contained in such a manner  that  the  waters  will  not  be
        contaminated or polluted  and  the  Department  shall  be
        notified of any such spills.

IV.  REGULATIONS GOVERNING SPECIFIC ACTIVITIES

    A.  Land Treatment and/or disposal of liquid  waste
        materials.

        1. Wastewater shall be restricted to the  premises  of
           the disposal site unless a permit has  been obtained
           authorizing a discharge  to a waterway.

        2. Provisions shall be made for monitoring  the quality
           of the ground water in proximity  of  the  disposal
           area.  The minimum frequency of monitoring and  data
           submittal will be determined by the  Department.

        3. Land treatment and/or  disposal shall not  create a
           public health hazard,  a  nuisance  condition, or  an
           air pollution problem.

V.  DEFINITIONS

    A.  Department - means the Idaho Department of  Environ-
                     mental and Community Services.

    B.  Effluent   - any point source wastewater  discharged
                     directly or  indirectly  to  the  waters  of
                     the state or to any  storm  sewer and  the
                     runoff from  land used for  the  disposi-
                     tion of wastewater or sludges.

    C.  Wastewater - Sewage, industrial waste and associated
                     solids or combinations of  these, whether
                     treated or untreated, plus any  admix
                     runoff from  the land.
                               154

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     IDAHO;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

     Agency:  Idaho Department of Health and Welfare

I.   General Provisions

     A.  Definitions

         1. "Air Contaminant" means dust, fume, gas, mist, odor,
            smoke, vapor, pollen, soot, carbon or particulate
            matter or any combination thereof.

         2. "Air Pollution" means the presence in the outdoor
            atmosphere of any contaminant or combination thereof
            in such quantity of such nature and duration and under
            such conditions as would be injurious to human health
            or welfare, to animal or plant life, or to property,
            or to interfere unreasonably with the enjoyment of
            life or property.

         3. "Fuel-burning Equipment" means any furnace, boiler,
            apparatus, stack and all appurtenances  thereto, used
            in the process c" burning fuel for the  primary purpose
            of producing heat or power by indirect  heat transfer.

         U. "Fugitive Dust" means solid, airborne particulate
            matter emitted from any source other than through a
            stack.

         5. "Incinerator" means any source consisting of  a furnace
            and all appurtenances thereto designed  for the
            destruction of refuse by burning.  "Open Burning" is
            not considered incineration.  For  purposes of these
            rules the destruction of any combustible liquid  or
            gaseous material  by burning  in a  flare  stack  shall  be
            considered incineration.

         6. "Industrial Process" means  any  step  in  a manufacturing
            operation which  results  in  the  emission of particulate
            matter  to the  atmosphere.

         7. "Particulate Matter" means  any material, except  water
            in uncorabined  form,  that exists as  a liquid  or a  solid
            at standard  conditions.

         8. "Process  Weight"  means  the  total  weight of  all mat-
            erials  introduced into  any  source operation  which may
            cause  any emissions  of  particulate matter.   Process
            weight  includes  solid  fuels charged,  but  does not in-
            clude  liquid and gaseous  fuels  charged  nor  combustion
            air.
                                155

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     IDAHO;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

I.   General Provisions  (Contd.)

         9. "Process Weight Rate" means the rate established as
            follows:  'For continuous or long-run steady-state
            source operations, the total process weight for the
            entire period of continuous operation or for a typical
            portion thereof divided by the number of hours of such
            period or portion thereof.

            For cyclical or batch source operations, the total
            process weight for a period that covers a complete
            operation or an integral number of cycles, divided by
            the hours of actual process operation during such a
            period.  Where the nature of any process or operation
            or the design of any equipment is such as to permit
            more than one interpretation of this definition, the
            interpretation that results in the minimum value for
            allowable emission shall apply.

II.  Visible Emission Standards

     A.  Maximum Emissions

           No. 1 on Ringelmann Chart (or equivalent opacity),
           except for three minutes in any one hour.

           Exception:  This provision shall not apply when the
                       presence of uncombined water is the only
                       reason for failure to comply.

III. Emission Standards for Fugitive Dust

     A.  Affected facilities:   Any facility that emits or causes
         fugitive dust.

     B.  Control Standards:   All reasonable precautions shall be
         taken to prevent particulate matter from becoming
         airborne.   Reasonable precautions shall include but are
         not limited to the following:

         1.  Use,  where possible,  of water or chemicals for
             control of dust in the demolition of existing
             buildings or structures, construction operations, the
             grading of roads, or the clearing of land.

         2.  Application of asphalt,  oil,  water or suitable
             chemicals to,  or  covering of dirt roads,  material
             stockpiles, and other surfaces which can  create
             dusts.

         3.  Installation and  use  of hoods, fans, and  fabric
             filters or equivalent systems to enclose  and vent the
             handling of dusty materials.   Adequate containment
             methods should be employed during sandblasting or
             other  operations.
                               156

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     IDAHO:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

III. Emission Standards for Fugitive Dust   (Contd.)

         4.  Covering, at all times when in motion, open bodied
             trucks transporting materials likely to give rise to
             airborne dusts.

         5.  Paving of roadways and maintaining them in a clean
             condition.

         6.  Prompt removal of earth or other stored material  from
             streets.

IV.  Emission Standards for Particulate Matter

     A.  Fuel Burning Equipment

         1.  Affected Facilities:  All fossil fuel  burning equip-
             ment rated _> one MM Btu/hr heat input.

         2.  Maximum Particulate Emissions

             a)  Total heat input, £10 MM
                   Btu/hr:                   0.6  Ibs/MM Btu  heat
                                                  input
                 Total heat input, VI0 MMM
                   Btu/hr:                   0.12  Ibs/ MM Btu  heat
                                                   input
                 Total heat input, >10 MM
                   Btu/hr <10 MMM  Btu/hr:    Log  Y  =  0.2300  log X
                                                      2.0111
                           where:  Y Ibs of particulates, and X is
                                   the total heat  input  in MM Btu
             b) Heat  input  shall be calculated  as  the aggregate
                heat  content of  all fuels  (using  the  upper  limit
                of their range of  heating  value)  whose  products of
                combustion  pass  through the stack or  chimney.
                i) When  two or more fuel  burning  units  are
                   connected to  a  single  etack,  the combined heat
                   input of all  units connected to  the  stack shall
                   be  used  to determine the allowable emission
                   from  the stack.

     B.  Industrial  Processes

         1.  Affected  facilities:   any  operation,  process,  or
             activity not  identified  by name  and  specifically
             regulated elsewhere in these regulations.

         2.  Maximum Particulate Emissions

             Use  the following:
                for process  weight  £60,000 Ib/hr
                             E  = H.
                               157

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     IDAHO;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

IV.  Emission Standards for Particulate Matter  (Contd.)

               for process weight >60,000 Ib/hr
                                E = 55. OP0'11 -40
                where: (in both equations):
                       E is the emission rate in Ib/hr, and
                       P is process weight rate in T/hr

         C.  Incinerators

             1 .   Maximum Particulate Emissions  (All Incinerators)
                     0.2 lbs/100 Ibs refuse burned           ~   ~

             2.   All incinerators shall comply with the provisions and
                 requirements of the design standards for "Multiple-
                 Chamber Incinerators" adopted by Los Angeles County
                 Ca. or shall be approved by the Department as being*
                 equally effective for air pollution control.

    V.    Standards for Sulfur Content in Fuels

         A.  Definitions

             1.   "Distillate Fuel Oil" means any oil meeting the
                 specifications of ASTM Grade 1 or 2 fuel oils.

             2.   "Residual Fuel Oil" means any oil meeting the
                 specifications of ASTM Grade 4, 5, and 6 fuel oil

         B.  Residual fuel oil
                 Maximum Sulfur Content
                   1.75$ (by weight)

         C. Distillate Fuel Oil

                 Maximum Sulfur Content
                   ASTM Grade 1 fuel oil - 0.3* (by weight)
                   ASTM Grade 2 fuel oil - 0.5% (by weight)

         D.  Coal

                  Maximum Sulfur Content
                    1 .056 (by weight)

    VI    Standards for Fluoride Emissions

         A.  It  shall be prohibited to discharge into the atmosphere
             fluorine,  fluorides,  or other fluorine compounds in SUGK
             quantities (in combination with all other sources of
             fluorine,  fluorides,  or fluorine compounds, both natural
             and  man-made)  that the total fluoride content in
                                                                  ~
             tation for feed and forage resulting from contact with
             the  ambient air exceeds:

                               158

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       IDAHO:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

VI.  Standards for Fluoride Emissions  (Contd.)

         a) 40 parts per million, dry basis - annual arithmetic
                mean.
         b) 60 parts per million, dry basis - monthly concentration
            for two consecutive months.
         c) 80 parts per million, dry basis - monthly concentra-
            tion never to be exceeded.

VII. Standards for Control of Odors

     A.  Affected facilities:  All sources of odorous emissions
         for which no other gaseous emission control regulations
         herein apply.

     B.  Standards

         1. It shall be prohibited to cause or allow the  emission
            of odorous gases, liquids, or  solids  in such  quanti-
            ties as  to cause air pollution.

         2. It shall be prohibited to cause or allow chemical
            processes utilizing  animal, mineral,  or vegetable
            matter to be operated without  employing reasonable
            measures for the control  of odorous  emissions includ-
            ing wet  scrubbers, incinerators, chemical or  other
            such measures as may be approved by  the Department.

VIII.  Standards for  New Stationary Sources

     A.  The  relevant Federal regulations  for  the new stationary
         emission  sources  (40 CFR, Part 60)  shown in  subsection B.
         below are incorporated  with  one  change  as noted.  The
         portions  of those  relevant Federal  regulations have been
         synopsized  herein  and this synopsis may be  found under the
         "Federal  EPA Regulations and Standards" section of this
         report.

     B.  The  Federal regulations incorporated  herein  because
         relevant  or partially relevant  to fossil-fuel  conversion
         facilities  within  the scope  of  this  project  cover the
         following listed  plants or  facilities:

          1.  Fossil-fuel  fired  steam  generators (40 CFR, Part 60,
             Subpart  D).»
 •When  considering  an application for a Permit to Construct a fossil
 fuel  fired  steam generator,  the Department shall determine on a
 case-by-case  basis whether emissions may be reduced to a greater
 degree than these  Federal emissions standards by the application of
 the best currently available control technology.  The Department will
 set forth its reasons for the inclusion of such emission standards
 that  are more restrictive than the Federal emission standards.

                               159

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     IDAHO:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

VIII. Standards for New Stationary Sources  (Contd.)

         2.  Incinerators (40 CFR, Part 60, Subpart E).

         3. Storage Vessels for Petroleum Liquids (40 CFR, Part
            60, Subpart K).

         4. Petroleum Refineries (40 CFR, Part 60, Subpart J).

     C.  Sources not specifically regulated under subsections A.
         and B. above shall achieve the greatest degree  of
         emission reduction that has been adequately demonstrated.
                              160

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                  IDAHO SOLID WASTE REGULATIONS
       Basis:   Idaho Solid Waste Management Regulations and
                Standards (June 1973)
       Agency:  Idaho Department of Health and Welfare
I.     Conditional Use Permit
       A.  Solid Waste Management operations other than sanitary
           landfills and some activities at sanitary landfills
           will be required to apply for a conditional use permit.
II.    Standards
       A.  Standards which must be complied with at all solid
           waste management sites shall include, but are not
           limited to the following:
           1.  All weather access roads shall be provided  to the
               entrance of the site where a public road does not
               exist.
           2.  Provision for weighing or measuring all solid waste
               delivered to the site.
           3.  Communication shall be available at or readily
               accessible to the site.
           4.  Necessary measures shall be taken to prevent and
               extinguish fires, to  include functional fire
               extinguishers for all equipment and buildings.
           5.  Access to the site shall be limited to those times
               when an attendant is  on duty.
           6.  Unloading of solid waste shall be controlled for
               proper operation.
           7.  Salvaging or recycling operations require a
               conditional use permit.
           8.  Vector control  procedures  shall be  established.
           9.  Adequate  sanitary facilities shall  be  provided  for
               employees.
           10. A daily written log  shall  be maintained  by  the  site
               operator.
                                161

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                  IDAHO SOLID WASTE REGULATIONS
II.    Standards  (Contd.)

       B.  Definitions
           1.  "Solid waste management site" - means any land area
               used for storage, transfer, processing, separation
               incineration, composition, treatment, recycling,
               reuse, or disposal of solid wastes.

           2.  "Solid waste" - means all solid material that is
               considered to be useless, unwanted, or discarded by
               the person in possession of it.  Solids in gaseous
               or liquid wastes that are in the process of
               treatment or reuse and naturally occurring rock and
               soil are not considered solid waste.

           3.  "Sanitary landfill" - means a solid waste disposal
               operation where the wastes are spread on land in
               thin layers, compacted to the smallest practical
               volume, and covered with cover material once each
               day of operation in order to safeguard against
               environmental pollution, nuisances, and health
               hazards.

           4.  "Conditional Use Permit" - means a written
               authorization issued by the Department which, by
               its conditions, may authorize the permittee to
               construct,  install, or operate facilities and
               conduct specific activities in accordance with
               specified limitations.
                              162

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          ILLINOIS WATER QUALITY STANDARDS


Basis:  Water Pollution Rules and Regulations,
        Chapter 3, September 1976

Agency: Illinois Environmental Protection Agency,
        Pollution Control Board

Note:   (1)  The water quality standards must be met at
             every point outside of the mixing zone.
             No single mixing zone shall exceed the area of
             a circle with a radius of 600 feet.

GENERAL WATER QUALITY STANDARDS - APPLICABLE
TO ALL STATE WATERS	

A.  All waters of the state shall be free from the
    following:

    1.  Unnatural sludge or bottom deposits;

    2.  Floating debris;

    3.  Visible oil;

    4.  Odor;

    5.  Unnatural plant or algae growth;

    6.  Unnatural color or turbidity; and

    7.  Substances  in concentrations or  combinations toxic
        or harmful  to human, animal, plant  or aquatic  life
        of other  than natural  origin.

B.  pH (range)                   6.5 - 9.0

C.  Phosphorus  (as  P)           £0.05 mg/1

D.  Dissolved Oxygen             >6.0 mg/1 at  least  16  hours
                                 of any 24 hour  period,  nor
                                 less than 5.0 mg/1  at  any
                                 time.

E.   Radioactivity               Gross beta  £100  pCi/1
                                 Radium 226  
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                ILLINOIS WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
I.    GENERAL WATER QUALITY STANDARDS - APPLICABLE
      TO ALL WATERS	  (CONTD.)

      F.  The following levels of chemical constituents shall  not
          be exceeded:
          Constituents

          Ammonia Nitrogen (as N)
          Arsenic (total)
          Barium (total)
          Boron (total)
          Cadmium (total)
          Chloride
          Chromium (hexavalent)
          Chromium (trivalent)
          Copper (total)
          Cyanide
          Fluoride
          Iron (total)
          Lead (total)
          Manganese (total)
          Mercury (total)
          Nickel (total)
          Phenols
          Selenium (total)
          Silver (total)
          Sulfate
          Total Dissolved  Solids
          Zinc

      G.   Fecal Coliforms
                       Concentration (mg/1)

                             1.5
                             1.0
                             5.0
                             1.0
                             0.05
                           500.0
                             0.05
                             1.0
                             0.02
                             0.025
                              .4
                              .0
          Note:
                             0.10
                             1.0
                             0.0005
                             1.0
                             0.10
                             1.0
                             0.005
                           500.0
                          1000.0
                             1.0

                       £200/100 ml, nor shall
                       more than 10$ of the
                       samples during any 30
                       day period exceed 400/100
                       ml.
The proposed amendments to the Illinois Water
Pollution Regulations have deleted this Fecal
Coliform limitation as shown in G immediately
above.  The proposed amendments were published
in the June 9, 1977 Illinois Environmental
Register #148.
      H.   Toxic  Substances
      I.   Temperature  Rise
                       <1/10 of 48 hour median
                       tolerance limit (48-hr
                       TLM) for native fish or
                       essential fish food
                       organisms.

                       <5°F above natural
                       ambient temperature.
                           164

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                ILLINOIS WATER QUALITY STANDARDS


II.   SECONDARY CONTACT AND INDIGENOUS AQUATIC LIFE STANDARDS

      A.  Applicability

          Waters which will be appropriated for recreational or
          other use in which contact is either incidental or
          accidental and which the probability of ingesting
          appreciable quantities of water is minimal.

      B.  Waters designated for this restricted use shall meet
          the following standards:

          1.  Freedom from unnatural sludge or bottom deposits,
              floating debris, visible oil, odor, unnatural plant
              and algae growth, or unnatural color or turbidity.

          2.  pH (range)                6.0 - 9.0

          3.  Fecal Coliform            0000 ml/100 ml based  on
                                        a minimum of 5 samples
                                        taken over not more than
                                        a 30 day period, nor
                                        shall more than 10/6 of
                                        the samples during any 30
                                        day period exceed
                                        2,000/100 ml.

              Note:  The proposed amendments to the Illinois
                     Water Pollution Regulations have deleted
                     this Fecal Coliform standard.

          4.  Concentrations of other  substances shall not exceed
              the applicable effluent  standards as prescribed  in
              III below.

              Note:  The proposed amendments to the Illinois
                     Water Pollution Regulations have
                     substantially changed this section which  is
                     as follows:

                     "Concentrations of other chamical
                     constituents shall not exceed the
                     following."  [Proposed Rule 205(e)]

              Constituent               Concentration  (mg/1)
              Ammonia Nitrogen  (as N)         2.5  (April-October)
                                              4.0  (November-March)
              Arsenic  (total)                 1.0
              Barium (total)                  5.0
              Cadmium  (total)                 0.15
              Chromium  (total
                Hexavalent                    0.30

                            165

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                ILLINOIS WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
II.   SECONDARY CONTACT AND INDIGENOUS AQUATIC LIFE STANDARDS
      (CONTD.)"~~

              Constituent               Concentration  (mg/1)

              Chromium (total
               Trivalent)                    1.0
              Copper  (total)                  1.0
              Cyanide                         0.025
              Fluoride (total)               15.0
              Iron (total)                    2.0
              Iron (dissolved)                0.5
              Lead (total)                    0.10
              Manganese (total)               1.0
              Mercuiry (total)                0.0005
              Nickel  (total)                  1.0
              Oil (Hexane Solubles or        15.0
                   Equivalent)
              Phenols                         0.3
              Selenium                        1.0
              Silver                          0.10
              Zinc (total)                    1.0
              Total Dissolved Solids       1000

          5.  Temperature               Shall not exceed 93°F
                                        more than 5* of the time
                                        or 100°F at any time.    '

              Note:  The proposed amendments to the Illinois
                     Water Pollution Regulations would add a new
                     standard to this section, which would be as
                     follows under number 6.

          6.  Toxic Substances

              Any substance toxic to aquatic life not listed
              under proposed rule 205(e) (see number M above)
              shall not exceed one-half of the 96 hour medium
              tolerance limit (96-hour TLM) for native fish or
              essential fish food organisms.

III.  EFFLUENT STANDARDS

      Note:  (1)  Except as otherwise provided for, compliance
             with the numerical standards in this part shall be
             determined on the basis of 24 hour composite
             samples, and no contaminant shall at any time exceed
             five times the numerical standard prescribed in this
             part.

      A.  No effluent shall contain the following:

          1.  Settleable solids;

          2.  Floating debris;

                            166

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                ILLINOIS WATER QUALITY STANDARDS


III.  EFFLUENT STANDARDS

          3.  Visible oil, grease, scum, or sludge solids, and

          4.  Color, odor and turbidity must be reduced below
              obvious levels.

      B.  Fecal Coliforras                     £4-00/100 ml

          Note:  The proposed amendments to the Illinois Water
                 Pollution Regulations have deleted this fecal
                 coliforra effluent limitation and substitutes the
                 following:

                 No effluent from any source which discharges to
                 the following locations shall exceed 400 fecal
                 coliforms/100 ml: (proposed rule 405)
                 (a)  Within 20 stream miles upstream of a public
                      beach.  This limitation applies only during
                      May through September.
                 (b)  Within 20 stream miles upstream of a water
                      intake for  public or food processing water
                      supply.
                 (c)  To any location where it may cause or
                      contribute  to violation of another state's
                      water quality standards in interstate
                      waters.

      C.  Nitrogen          I2.5  mg/1 - April through October
                            £4.0  mg/1 - at other times

      D.  Phosphorus        £1.0  mg/1 within Lake Michigan Basin
                                      and Fox River Basin.

      E.  Additional contaminants which shall not be  exceeded by
          any  effluent:

          Constituent                   Concentration  (mg/1)

          Arsenic  (total                      0.25
          Barium (total)                      2.0
          Cadmium  (total                      0.15
          Chromium  (total  hexavalent)         0.30
          Chromium  (total  trivalent)          1.0
          Copper (total)                      1.0
          Cyanide                             0.025
          Fluoride  (total)               .     15.0
          Iron (total)                        2.0
          Iron (dissolved)                    0.50
          Lead (total)                        0.10
          Manganese (total)                    1.00
          Mercury  (total)                      0.0005
                            167

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                 ILLINOIS  WATER  QUALITY  STANDARDS


 III.   EFFLUENT  STANDARDS

           Constituent                    Concentration  (mg/1)

           Nickel  (total)           '            1.0
           Oil  (hexane  solubles  or             15.0
                equivalent)
          *pH  (range)                           5-10
           Phenols        •                      0.3
           Selenium  (total)                     1.0
           Silver                               0.1
           Zinc  (total)                         1.0
           Total Suspended Solids              15.0
            (from sources  other  than  those
            covered by 3  below)

          •The pH limitation  is  not subject  to  averaging  and must
           be met at all times.

           2.  Total Dissolved Solids    £750 mg/1 above  back-
                                        ground  concentration
                                        levels, unless caused  by
                                        recycling or other
                                        pollution abatement
                                        practices, and in no
                                        event  shall exceed 3,500
                                        mg/1 at any time.

           3.  All effluents  containing Deoxygenating Wastes

            (a)  BOD5                   130 mg/1
            (b) Suspended Solids        <37 mg/1

      F.   NPDES Effluent Standards

           1.  No person who  has been issued a NPDES permit may
              discharge any  contaminant in his effluent  in excess
              of this standards and limitations set forth in the
              permit.

           2.  No person may  discharge any pollutant which
              contributes to or threatens to cause a violation of
              any applicable federal or state water quality
              standard, effluent standard, guideline or  other
              limitation unless the limitation for such  a
              pollutant has  been set forth in an applicable NPDES
              permit.

IV.   PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

      A.  Malfunctions
                           168

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                ILLINOIS WATER QUALITY STANDARDS


IV.   PERFORMANCE CRITERIA  (CONTD.)

          All treatment works and associated facilities shall be
          constructed so as to minimize violations of the stan-
          dards during such contingencies as flooding, adverse
          weather, power failure, equipment failure, or
          maintenance, through such measures as multiple units,
          holding tanks, duplicate power sources, or such other
          measures as may be appropriate.

      B.  Spills

          All reasonable measures, including where appropriate,
          the provision of catchment areas, relief vessels, or
          entrapment dikes, shall be taken to prevent any
          spillage of contaminants from causing water pollution.

V.    PERMIT REQUIREMENTS  (Other than NPDES)

      A.  Construction Permits

          Except  for treatment works or wastewater sources  which
          have or will have discharges for which NPDES permits
          are required, and for  which NPDES permits  have been
          issued  by the agency,  no person shall cause or allow
          the construction of any new treatment works, sewer, or
          wastewater source (or  modification of existing
          facilities) without a  construction permit  (with  some
          exceptions).
                            169

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     ILLINOIS;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

          Agency:  Illinois Pollution Control Board

I.    General Provisions

      A.  Definitions

          1. "Opacity" means a condition which renders material
             partially or wholly impervious to transraittance of light
             and causes obstruction of an observer's view.

          2. "Actual heat input" means the quantity of heat produced
             by the combustion of fuel using the gross heating value
             of the fuel.

          3. "Process" means any stationary emission source other
             than a fuel combustion emission source or an incinerator

          4. "Volatile Organic Material" means organic material which
             has a vapor pressure of 2.5 pounds per square inch
             absolute (psia) or greater at 70°F.

          5. "Unregulated Safety Relief Valve" means a safety relief
             valve which cannot be actuated by a means other than
             high pressure in the pipe or vessel which it protects.

      B.  General prohibition of air pollution

          The discharge or emission of any contaminant into the
          environment in any state,  either alone or in combination
          with other contaminants, that cause or tends to cause air
          pollution in Illinois,  or to violate the provisions of
          these regulations, or so as to prevent the attainment or
          maintenance of any applicable ambient air quality standard
          is prohibited.

II.   Visible Emission Standards

      A.  Maximum Emission Standards

          1. Fuel Combustion sources with actual heat input <250 MM
                Btu per hr.	~

                    20 % Opacity

                    Exception:   Opacity may be in excess of 20$ up to
                                40*  for periods aggregating not more
                                than 3 minutes in any 60 minute
                                period and not in excess of 2Q%
                                opacity more than 3 times in any 2U
                                hour period,  provided only a single
                                source is involved and such source i«
                             •   not  within a 1000 foot radius from
                                the  center point of any other such
                                emission source on the same site.

                            170

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     ILLINOIS;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

II.   Visible Emissions Standards  (Contd.)

          2. Maximum emission for other sources

             a)     30/6 Opacity - generally; or,
             b)     60$ Opacity for periods aggregating not more than
                    8 minutes in any 60 minute period and not in
                    excess of 2Q% more than 3 times in any 2U hour
                    period, provided only a single source is involved
                    and such source is not within a 1000 foot radius
                    from the center point of any other such emission
                    source on the same site.

      B.  Exceptions to II.A Standards

          1. Exemptions from subsection A standards shall be allowed
             for periods of startup, malfunctions, and breakdowns as
             provided for in relevant operating permits only.

          2. Visible emissions due to the presence of water or water
             vapor shall be exempt.

          3. Emission sources in compliance with particulate emissions
             standards of section III below during the relevant
             period, but not in compliance  with the II.A standard
             above, are exempt.

      C.  All visual emission opacity standards herein shall be
          considered equivalent to Ringelmann Chart readings
          generally accepted to be corresponding.

III.  Particulate Emission Standards

      A.  Standards for Fuel Combustion Sources

          Maximum emission - solid fuel only  used

             0.1 Ibs particulate per million  Btu actual heat input,
              in  any 1 hr period.

          Maximum emission - liquid  fuel  only used

              0.1 Ibs particulate per million  Btu actual heat input,
              in  any 1 hr period.

          Maximum emission - more  than  one type fuel  used
              simultaneously

              use:   E =  SgHs +  0.10  H-j
                              171

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     ILLINOIS;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

III.  Particulate Emission Standards  (Contd.)

             where:  E  =  allowable particulate emission, Ibs per
                           hr.
                     Sg = applicable solid fuel particulate
                          emission standard,  Ibs per million Btu
                          actual heat input.
                     Hs = actual heat input from solid fuel, MM Btu
                          per hr.
                     H-| = actual heat input from liquid fuel, MM
                          Btu per hr.

      B.  Standards for Incinerators - Maximum Particulate Emissions

         .1 2000 Ibs refuse per hour burned

             0.1 grains per std cubic foot effluent gases corrected
             to 12$ C02

        > 2000 Ibs <60.000 Ibs refuse per hour burned

             0.08 grains per std cubic foot effluent gases,corrected
             to 12% C02

        >^ 60,000 Ibs refuse per hour burned

             0.05 grains per std cubic foot effluent gases, corrected
             to 12* C02

      C.  Standards for Fugitive Particulate Matter

          1.  Fugitive particulate matter shall not be emitted from
             any process or material handling or storage activity
             such that:

             a)  It is visible by an observer from beyond the property
                line;  or
             b)  Particulate matter larger than 40 microns (mean
                diam.)  in size carries beyond the property line.

          2.  The rules  in C.1. above shall not apply to:

             a)  emissions from stockpiles of materials when the wind
                speed average for one hour is greater than 25 mph; or
             b)  emissions of water and water vapor from cooling
                towers.
                             172

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     ILLINOIS:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

III.  Particulate Emission Standards  (Contd.)

      D.  Standards for Process Sources

          1. Maximum particulate emissions.

             Process weight rates <450 tons per hour

             use:    E = 2.54(P)°-534

             where:  E = allowable emissions, Ibs per hr
                     P = process weight rate, tons per hr

             Process weight rates  450 tons per hour

             use:    E = 24.8(P)°'16

             where:  E = allowable emissions, Ibs per hr
                     P = process weight rate, tons per hr

          2. Exceptions for Catalyst Regenerators of Fluidized
             Catalytic Converters

             a) The standards  of subsection D.1. above shall  not
                apply to catalyst regenerators  of fluidized catalytic
                converters.  The maximum emissions for these  shall
                instead be determined as follows:

                use: E = 4.10(P)°-6?  for  P £30 tons per  hr
                     E = [55.0(P)°-11] - 40.0 for P >30 tons  per
                hr

                where: E = allowable emissions, Ibs per hr
                       P = catalyst  recycle  rate (including added
                           fresh catalyst),  tons per hr

IV    Sulfur Dioxide Emission  Standards

      A.  Standards for Fuel Combustion  Sources - Maximum Emissions

          1.  Sources with  actual heat  input  >250 MM Btu per hr

              Solid  fuel only burned:   1.2  Ibs per MM Btu  actual  heat
                                           input in  any 1  hr

              Liquid Fuel:
                Residual  fuel oil       0.8  Ibs per MM  Btu  actual  heat
                only burned:                input in  any 1  hr
                Distillate  fuel oil     0.3  Ibs per MM  Btu  actual  heat
                only burned:                input in  any 1  hr


                             173

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     ILLINOIS:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

IV    Sulfur Dioxide Emission Standards  (Contd.)

          2. Sources with actual heat input <.25Q MM Btu per hr

             Solid fuel only burned:   1.8 Ibs per MM Btu actual heat
                                           input in any 1 hr
             Liquid Fuel:
               Residual fuel oil only
               burned:                 1.0 Ibs per MM Btu actual heat
                                           input in any 1 hr
               Distillate fuel oil
               only burned:            0.3 Ibs per MM Btu actual heat
                                           input in any 1 hr

          3. Sources using combinations of fuels simultaneously

             a) Determine maximum emission rate using the following:

                E = SSH3 = 0.3 hd + SRHR

                where:  E  = allowable SOp emission Ibs per hr
                        Ss = solid fuel SO? emission standard,
                             in Ibs per million Btu, applicable,
                        Sp = residual fuel oil S02 emission,
                             in pounds per million Btu, applicable
                        Hg = actual heat input from solid fuel,   '
                             million Btu per hour,
                        Hp = actual heat input from residual fuel
                             oil, million Btu per hour,
                        H^ = actual heat input from distillate
                             fuel oil, million Btu per hour,

                and where that portion of the actual heat input that
                is derived:

                  from the burning of gaseous fuels produced by the
                  gasification of solid fuels shall be included in
                  HS;

                  from the burning of gaseous fuels produced by the
                  gasification of distillate fuel oil shall be
                  included in Hd;

                  from the burning of gaseous fuels produced by the
                  gasification of residual fuel oil shall be included
                  in Hp;

                  from the burning of gaseous fuels produced by the
                  gasification of any other liquid fuel shall be
                  included in Hp; and,

                  from the burning of by-product gases such as those
                  produced from a blast furnace or a catalyst
                  regeneration unit in a petroleum refinery shall be
                  included in HR>

                            174

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     ILLINOIS:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

IV    Sulfur Dioxide Emission Standards  (Contd.)

      B. Standards for Process Sources

         1.  Maximum Emission - General
                  2000 ppra

         2.  Exceptions.  B.1 above shall not apply to processes for
            removing sulfur compounds from  flue gases of fuel
            combustion sources.

V.    Sulfuric Acid Mist Emission Standards

      A. Standards for Process Sources not  including fuel  combustion
         sources and sulfuric acid manufacturing process sources.

         1.  Maximum emission of sulfuric acid and/or sulfur  trioxide
            from all process sources within a plant or  facility.

            for sulfuric acid usage <13QO tons per year
                          (1OG>acidbasis)

                     0.10 Ib in any 1 hr period

            for sulfuric acid usage >1300 tons per year
                          ( 1 OOyb acid" basis)

                     0.50 Ib per  ton of  sulfuric acid  used

VI.   Organic Material Emission Standards

      A. Storage Standards

         Affected  facilities.   Stationary  tanks,  reservoirs, or  other
         containers of more than  40,000  gallons  capacity.

         Standards.   It  shall  be  prohibited to  store  any volatile
         organic material  in  any  affected  facility  unless  such
         facility:

         1. is  a pressure  tank  capable  of  withstanding the vapor
            pressure  of  such  materials  so  as  to  prevent vapor or gas
            loss to the  atmosphere  at  all  times;  or,

         2. is  designed  and equipped  with  one of the  following vapor
            loss  control devices:

            a)  A  floating  roof which  rests  on the  surface of the
                volatile  organic material and  is  equipped with a
                closure seal or seals  to close the  space between the
                roof edge and  the  tank  wall.  Such floating  roof shall
                not be permitted if  the  volatile  organic material has
                a  vapor pressure of  12.5 pounds per square inch
                absolute  or  greater  at  70°F.

                            175

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     ILLINOIS:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

VI.   Organic Material Emission Standards  (Contd.)

            b) A vapor rec'overy system consisting of:
               (i)  a vapor gathering system capable of collecting
                    85% or more of the uncontrolled volatile organic
                    material that would be otherwise emitted to the
                    atmosphere; and
               (ii) a vapor disposal system capable of processing
                    such volatile organic materials so as to prevent
                    their emission to the atmosphere.
            c) Other equipment or means of equal efficiency approved
               by the Agency.

      B. Loading Standards

         1.  For any loading facilities with a through-put of greater
            than 40,000 gallon per day it shall be prohibited to:

            a) discharge more than 8 pounds per hour of organic
               material into the atmosphere during the loading of any
               organic material from the aggregate loading pipes of
               any such facility into ary railroad tank car, tank
               truck or trailer unless such loading facility is
               equipped with submerged loading pipes or a device that
               is equally effective in controlling emissions and is
               approved by the Agency.

         2.  For stationary tanks of greater than 250 gallons storage
            capacity it shall be prohibited to:

            a) load any organic material into such stationary tanks
               unless such tank is equipped with a permanent
               submerged loading pipe or an equivalent device
               approved by the Agency, or unless such tank is a
               pressure tank as described in A.1 or is fitted with a
               recovery system as described in A.2(b).

         3.  Exception:   If no odor nuisance exists the limitations of
            subparagraph B.  of this section shall only apply to
            volatile organic material.

      C. Organic Material -  Water Separation

         1.  It is prohibited to use single/or multiple compartment
            effluent water separators receiving effluent water
            containing 200 gallons a day or more of organic material
            from equipment processing, refining, treating, storing,
            or handling organic material unless such separator
            utilizes control technology capable of reducing otherwise
            uncontrolled organic emissions by 85% or more.

            a) Exception.  This limitation shall only apply to
               volatile organic material if no odor nuisance exists.

                            176

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     ILLINOIS:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

VI.   Organic Material Emission Standards  (Contd.)

      D. Pumps and Compressors

         It shall be prohibited to discharge more than two cubic
         inches of liquid volatile organic material  (at standard
         conditions) into the atmosphere from any pump or compressor
         in any 15 minute period.

      E. Use of Organic Material

         1. The discharge of more than 8 Ibs per hr  of organic
            material into the atmosphere from any source  is
            prohibited, except as provided below:

         2. Alternative Standards.  The limitations  of E.1 shall  not
            apply if such emissions are controlled by:
            a) flame, thermal, or catalytic  incineration  so  as  either
               to reduce such emissions to 10 ppm equivalent methane
               or less, or  to convert 85/6 of the hydrocarbons to
               C02 and water; or
            b) a vapor recovery system which adsorbs and/or  absorbs
               and/or condenses at least 85/t of  the  total uncon-
               trolled organic material that otherwise would be
               emitted; or
            c) other emission control technology approved by the
               Agency and capable of  reducing  the  emission  of other-
               wise uncontrolled organic material  by 85/1  or  more.

         3. Exceptions.  The  provisions of E.1 and E.2 shall not  apply:
            a) if no odor nuisance exists, unless  the material  is
               photochemically reactive.
            b) to fuel combustion sources.
            c) to the application of  paving  asphalt  and  pavement
               marking paint  from sunrise  to sunset.

      F. Waste Gas  Disposal

         1. Petroleum refinery process  emissions.   It shall  be
            prohibited to discharge  organic  materials in excess of
            100  ppm equivalent methane  (MW = 16.0)  into  the  atmo-
            sphere  from:
            a) any  catalyst regenerator  of a petroleum  cracking
               system; or
            b) any  petroleum  fluid  coker;  or
            c) any  other  waste gas  stream  from any petroleum manufac-
               turing  process.

      G. Vapor Slowdown.   It  shall  be prohibited to discharge organic
         material  into  the  atmosphere from  any vapor blow-down system
          or  safety  relief valve,  except  such safety relief  valves

                             177

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     ILLINOIS:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

VI.   Organic Material Emission Standards  (Contd.)

         incapable of allowing an excessive release, unless the
         emission is controlled:

         1. to 10 ppm equivalent methane or less; or

         2. by combustion in a smokeless flare; or

         3. by other control technology approved by the Agency.


      H. Clean-up Operations and Organic Material Disposal. Emis-
         sions of organic material released during clean-up opera-
         tions and disposal shall be included with other organic
         emissions from the same source or sources in determining
         whether emissions meet the limitations herein.

VII.  Nitrogen Oxide Emission Standards

      A. Standards for Fuel Combustion Sources

         1. Affected facilities:  Facilities with actual heat  input
            >_250 MM Btu per hr.

         2. Maximum allowable emissions
            (a-d. units in Ibs (expressed as N02> per MM Btu
            actual heat input for any one hour period)

            a) gaseous fossil fuel                 - 0.20
            b) liquid fossil fuel                  - 0.30
            c) dual gaseous and liquid fossil fuel - 0.30
            d) solid fossil fuel                   - 0.70
            e) for simultaneous burning of any combination of  solid
               liquid, and gaseous fossil fuels:

                 use:

                   E =

                 where:  E = allowable NOX (expressed as N02)
                            emission rate in Ib per hr.
                       Pg = % of actual heat input derived from
                            gaseous fossil fuel.
                       P^ = % of actual heat input derived from
                            liquid fossil fuel.
                       Ps = % of actual heat input derived from
                            solid fossil fuel.
                        Q = actual heat input derived from all fossil
                            fuels in MM Btu per hour.
                        (Pg+Pi+Ps = 100.0056)


                                178

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     ILLINOIS;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

VIII. Carbon Monoxide Emission Standards

      A. Standards for Fuel Combustion Sources

         1.  Maximum Emission

            Sources with actual heat input >10 MM Btu/hr
                   200 ppm (corrected to 5Q% excess air)


      B. Standards for Incinerators

         1.  Maximum Emission

            Any incinerator	
                 500 ppm (corrected to 5Q% excess air)

      C. Standards for Petroleum Processes

         1.  The emission of carbon monoxide in a waste  gas  stream  is
            prohibited unless  uch waste gas stream is  burned  in a
            direct flame afterburner or carbon monoxide boiler  so
            that the resulting carbon monoxide concentration is equal
            to or less than 200 ppm corrected to 50% excess air, or
            the carbon monoxide concentration is controlled by  other
            equivalent emission control technology approved by  the
            Agency.

         2.  Notwithstanding C.1. above, any petroleum  process  using
            catalyst regenerators of fluidized catalytic converters
            equipped for in situ combustion of CO may  emit  a waste
            gas stream containing the following maximum CO
            concentration:
                     350 ppm,  corrected to 50$ excess  air
                                179

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     ILLINOIS SOLID WASTE RULES AND  REGULATIONS
Basis:    (1)  State of Illinois Environmental Protection
              Ac.t  (July  1970 with amendments to January 1,
              1974)

          (2)  Illinois Pollution Control Board Rules  and
              Regulations,  Chapter 7, Solid Waste.

Agency:   State of  Illinois  Environmental Protection Agency,
          Pollution Control  Board

Note:     (1)  A Development Permit is required from the
              Agency prior  to any person developing or
              allowing the  development of any new solid
              waste management site.

Sanitary  Landfills

A.  Standard requirements which must be provided at
    sanitary landfills:

    1.  Adequate shelter, sanitary facilities and emergency
        communications for  employees;

    2.  Adequate roads;

    3.  Fencing, gates or other methods to control access
        to the site;

    U.  Adequate fire protection as approved by the Agency;

    5.  Adequate measures to monitor and control leachate;

    6.  Adequate dust control;  and

B.  Air and Water Pollution

    A sanitary landfill shall not cause, threaten or  allow
    the discharge of emissions of any contaminant so  as to
    cause air or water pollution.
                        180

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              INDIANA WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
Basis:  Water Quality Standards for all waters within the
        State of Indiana, SPC IR-4 (February 17, 1977).

Agency: Stream Pollution Control Board, State of Indiana

Notes:  (1) The construction of any water pollution control
             facility, whether it be for any coal related
             industry or other industry, must be preceded by
             an application for and receipt of a construc-
             tion permit.

        (2)  Any discharge of waste waters from coal mining
             activities is regulated by Indiana Water Qual-
             ity Standards or Federal guidelines for the
             industry, whichever is more stringent.

        (3)  No process water discharge is permitted at all
             from coal preparation plants (per memo from
             Division of Water Pollution Control dated
             October 8, 1976).  The current Federal regula-
             tion allow some runoff from coal preparation
             plants.

I.    GENERAL WATER QUALITY STANDARDS  (Regulation SPC  IR-U)

      The water quality standards established under this
      regulation apply to all waters of the state except
      where alternate standards are promulgated  for specifi-
      cally designated waters.

      A.  All waters of the state shall be  free  from
          substances:

         1.  That will settle to  form  objectionable
             deposits;

         2.  That are in amounts  sufficient  to  be  unsightly
             or deleterious;

         3.  That produce color,  odor  or  other  conditions  so
             as to  create a nuisance;  and

         4.  From amounts sufficient  to  injure,  be  toxic  or
             produce  adverse  affects.

             a.  Guideline  for  toxic  substances:

                 1.   Limited  to  the 96-hour median  lethal
                      concentration  significant  to  the
                      aquatic  community.

                            181

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              INDIANA WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
I.    GENERAL WATER QUALITY STANDARDS (Regulation SPG IR-4)
      (CONTD.)

      B.  Minimum Water Quality for Aquatic Life

          These standards are applicalbe at any point in the
          waters outside of the mixing zone:

          1. Taste and Odor -  None which is noticeably offensive
                               and produces unpalatable flavor to
                               food fish.
          2. Toxic Substance -
          3. pH
  Shall not exceed one-tenth (1/10)
  of the 96-hour median lethal
  concentration for important and
  indigenous aquatic species.

- No pH values below 6.0 nor above
  9.0 (except daily fluctuations
  which exceed 9.0 and are correlated
  with photosynthetic activity).
      C.  Water Quality for Potable Water Supply

          In addition to the above water quality requirements the
          following standards are to protect the water quality at
          the point water is withdrawn for treatment and distribu-
          tion as potable water supply.
          1. Coliform
              Bacteria Group
          2. Threshold Odor
- Shall not exceed 5,000/100 ml as
  monthly average; nor exceed this
  number in more than 20$ of samples
  during any month; nor exceed this
  number in more than 2Q% of samples
  during any month; nor exceed
  20,000/100 ml in more thn 5% of
  samples.

- Threshold odor number of finished
  water must be 3.0 or less.
                                182

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              INDIANA WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
I.    GENERAL WATER QUALITY STANDARDS (Regulation SPC IR-4)
      (CONTD.)

          3.  Dissolved Solids  - £250 mg/1 (other than due to
                                  natural causes).

          4.  Radioactive    - Radium - 226        _<3.0 pCi/1
                Substance      Strontium 90        <10 pCi/1
                               Gross beta
                               Concentration       <1000 pCi/1

      D.  Water Quality for Industrial Water Supply

          In addition to the water quality standards  set forth  in
          I.A. above, the standard for protection of  industrial
          water supply quality at the point water is  withdrawn  for
          use (either with or without treatment) is as follows:

          1.  Dissolved    -  £750 mg/1 as a monthly  average;  nor
                Solids         exceed 1000 mg/1  at any time.

II.   INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER DISCHARGE

      All industrial and any other point source  wastewater  dis-
      charges shall be subject to the following  treatment  require-
      ments prior  to discharge to the waters of  the state.

      A.  All waste waters which contain contaminants of any  kind
          shall be provided with the  best  practicable degree  of
          waste water treatment or control consistant with  tech-
          nological feasibility, economic  reasonableness,  sound
          engineering judgment and environmental concern.

III.  OIL, HAZARDOUS AND/OR OBJECTIONABLE  SUBSTANCES
              (Regulation SPC16, March 7, 1974)

      This  regulation pertains to reporting  requirements  for  any
      person  who owns, operates, controls  or maintains any mode of
      transportation, storage  facility,  industrial, municipal or
      commercial facility, in  the event  of a  spill  in such a  vol-
      ume to  cause or threaten to cause  damage  to  public  health,
      animal  life  or plant life.
                                183

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              INDIANA WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
III.  OIL. HAZARDOUS AND/OR OBJECTIONABLE SUBSTANCES
             (Regulation SPClb, March 7, 1974)
                          (Contd.)

      The regulation additionally requires the identi-
      fication, labeling and providing information
      concerning the physical, biological, chemical or
      hazardous characteristics of substances being
      transported or stored in a storage facility.

      Therefore as this is primarily a reporting regulation,
      there are no design requirements provided by this
      regulation.

IV.  CONTROL OF CYANIDES AND CYANOGEN COMPOUNDS
           (Regulation SPC2, January 1953)

      This regulation is applicable to any person, firm or
      corporation engaged in the ma>.ufacture or other pro-
      cess in which cyanides or cyanogen compounds are used.
      The regulations require that areas where the compounds
      are used or stored shall be so constructed that none
      of the compounds can escape directly or indirectly in-
      to a sewer system or water course.  However, approval
      may be obtained to discharge limited amounts deter-
      mined not to be detrimental to public health.
                            184

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INDIANA: STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

           Agency: Air Pollution Control Board


Visible Emission Standards

A.  Maximum Emissions (all sources)

    a)  Shall not exceed 40$ Opacity (No.  2 Ringelmann) for
            more than 15 minutes in a 24 hour period
            (visible emissions restricted do not include
            uncombined water)
    b)  Exceptions.  Temporary exceptions shall include:

        i)    fire starting - new boiler fires
        ii)   boilers - blowing boiler tubes or cleaning
              boiler fires
        iii)  those set forth in the approved operation
              permit
        iv)   malfunctions of equipment where proper
              reporting and maintenance requirements have
              been complied with.

Particulate Matter Emission Standards

A.  Process Operations

    1.  Affected  facilities.  All  process sources  except
        combustion equipment for indirect heating  and
        incinerators  (covered by separate standards
        herein).

    2.  Maximum emission  rate

        for process weight  rates   £60,000 Ib/hr:

            use    E =  4.10P°-67

        for process weight  rates > 6C,000 Ib/hr  but  <400,000
            Ib/hr:

            use    E  =  55.0P°-U-40

            where (in  both  equations above):
                   E  =  rate  of  emission  in Ib/hr
                   P  =  process  wt in tons/hr

        for  process weight  rates   >400,000  Ib/hr:
             the  only  limitation  is that the concentration of
             particulates  in discharge gases shall  be less
                         185

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    INDIANA;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

II.   Particulate Matter Emission Standards (Contd.)

                 than 0.10 lb/1000 Ibs of such gases (at standard
                 conditions).

      B.  Combustion of Fuel in Stationary Equipment for Indirect
          Heating

          1.  Standards for all areas of state except Indiana
              portion of Metropolitan Chicago Interstate Air
              Quality Control Region and the Metropolitan
              Indianapolis Intrastate Air Quality Control Region:

              a)  Maximum allowable concentration

                       =   76.5 ptfQm0.75n0.25
                                  — ^_    _—
                                        ahs

                  where:

                  Cmax = maximum ground level concentration
                  with respect to distance from the point source
                  at the "critical" wind speed for level terrain.
                  This shall not exceed 50 ug/m3.

                  Ptf = pounds of particulate matter emitted
                  /MM Btu heat input.

                  Qm = total plant operating capacity rating
                  in MM Btu heat input per hour.

                  n  = number of stacks in fuel burning operation.

                  a  = plume rise factor.  The value 0.6? shall be
                  used for fuel burning equipment ratings of <1000
                  MM Btu heat input.   No value greater than 0.8
                  for larger equipment ratings shall be used.

                  hs = stack height in feet.  The average
                  stack height to represent "n" stacks of varying
                  heights shall be calculated by  prorating each
                  stack height with its particulate matter
                  emission rate.

              b)  Maximum emission (Ptf) for all  combustion
                  operations with < 250 MM Btu/hr heat input
                     0.6 Ib/MM Btu heat input

          2.  Standards for Indiana portion of Metropolitan
              Chicago Interstate Air Quality Control Region and


                              186

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    INDIANA:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

II.   Particulate Matter Emission Standards (Contd.)

              the Metropolitan  Indianapolis Intrastate Air
              Quality Control Region:

              a)  Maximum allowable emission

                  use:  Ptf = 0.87 QnT0'16

                  where
                  ^kf and Qm are as defined in B.1 above:
                  and For Q{jj <10:  Ptf not to exceed 0.6
                  lab/MM Btu heat input;
                  For Qm >10,000:  Ptf not to exceed 0.2
                  Ib/MM Btu heat input.

          3.  Standards for combustion installations for indirect
              heating of >250 MM Btu/hr heat input  throughout the
              State (Federal Standard of Performance for New
              Stationary Sources is Incorporated):

              a)  Maximum allowable emission (Ptf)
                  0.10 Ib/MM Btu heat input

      C.  Maximum Emissions for  Incinerators

          1.  Definitions

              a)  "Primary chamber" shall  mean the  chamber  in
                  which waste material is  ignited and  burned.

              b)  "Secondary chamber" means the  chamber  in  which
                  combustible solids, vapors and/or gases  from  the
                  primary  chamber  either are collected or  are
                  ignited  and burned.

          2.  Standards

              a)  Incinerators  shall  consist of  primary  and
                  secondary  chambers  or  the equivalent.

              b)  Incinerators  shall  be  operated so emissions  of
                  hazardous material  including,  but not  limited
                  to,  viable  pathogenic  bacteria, dangerous
                  chemicals  or  gases,  or  noxious odors are
                  prevented.
              c)  Incinerators  shall  not  create  an  air pollution
                  problem,  a  nuisance,  or  a  fire hazard.
                               187

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    INDIANA:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

II.   Particulate Matter Emission Standards (Contd.)

              d)  Maximum- emission
                  refuse burning capacity 2.200/lb hr:
                    0.3 Ib per 1000 Ib dry exhaust gas at standard
                    conditions corrected to 50$ excess air
                  refuse burning capacity <200 Ib/hr:
                    0.5 Ib per 1000 Ib dry exhaust gas at standard
                    conditions corrected to 50$ excess air

      D.  Fugitive Dust Standards

          1.  Definitions

              a)  "Fugitive Dust" means the generation of
                  particulate matter to the extent that some
                  portion of the material escapes beyond the
                  property line of the property on which the
                  source is located.

              b) "Respirable dust" means particles in the range of
                  0.5 microns to 6.0 microns in diameter.

          2.  Affected facilities

              a)  This regulation shall apply to all sources of
                  fugitive dust.

              b)  The allowable particles shall refer to the total
                  of all particles leaving the boundaries or
                  crossing the property lines of any sources of
                  fugitive dust regardless of whether from a
                  single operation or a number of operations.

              c)  No source which is contributing to a combined
                  downwind fugitive dust concentration in excess
                  of the limits of regulation shall be required to
                  reduce emissions if the concentrations at the
                  source property line are in compliance unless
                  all contributors are individually in
                  compliance;  each source shall then be required
                  to reduce emissions by a like percentage to
                  achieve  an acceptable combined downwind
                  concentration.

          3.   Emissions Standards

              A  source of  fugitive dust shall  be in violation  of
              this regulation  if  any of the following criteria are
              violated:
                              188

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    INDIANA;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

II.   Particulate Matter Emission Standards (Contd.)

              a)  Maximum allowable particulates.  A source or
                  combination of sources cause to exist fugitive
                  dust concentrations greater than 67% in excess
                  of ambient upwind concentrations as determined
                  by the following formula:

                  P = 100 (R-U)
                            U

                  where:  P = Percentage increase over ambient
                              upwind concentration;
                          R = Number of particles of fugitive dust
                              measured at downwind receptor site;
                              and
                          U = Number of particles of fugitive dust
                              measured at upwind or background
                              site

              b)  Potential respiratory damage.  If the fugitive
                  dust is comprised of 50% or more  respirable dust
                  then the percent increase of dust concentration
                  in subsection 3 .a shall be modified  as  follows:

                  PR = (1.5 - N)P

                  Where:  N = Fraction of  fugitive  dust that  is
                              respirable dust;
                     PR  = allowable percentage increas  in dust
                              concentration above  background; and
                          P = no  value greater than 67%•

              c)  Ambient air  concentrations.  The  ground level
                  ambient air  concentrations  shall  not be in
                  excess of 50   ug/M^ above  background
                  concentrations  for  a 60  minute period.

              d)  Visible emissions.   If  dust  is visible  crossing
                  the  property  line  of  a  source  and  may be refuted
                  by  factual  data expressed  in  subpart D.3«a),  b),
                  or  c)  above.

           4.  Exceptions

              a)   Release of  steam not  in  combination with any
                   other  gaseous or particulate pollutants unless
                   the  condensation from said  steam creates a
                   nuisance  or hazard  in  the  surrounding
                   community.


                             189

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    INDIANA;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

II.   Particulate Matter Emission Standards (Contd.)

              b)  Fugitive dust from construction or demolition
                  where reasonable precaution has been taken in
                  minimizing fugitive dust emissions.

              c)  Fugitive dust from a source caused by adverse
                  meteorological conditions.

III.  Sulfur Dioxide (S02) Emissions Standards

      A.  Standards for all Stationary Sources Emitting over 10
          Ibs per hour.

          1.  Design requirements - basic stack construction
              provisions.

              a)  Exhaust gas stacks or chimneys emitting S02
                  shall be no less than 50 ft in height.  Such
                  stacks shall be at least 2 1/2 times the height
                  of the tallest building or obstruction within
                  500 feet which has a major effect on air
                  movements.

              b)  The height requirement of A.1.a)  above may be
                  reduced if properly incorporated  into the terms
                  of the construction or operation  permit and a
                  showing that there will be no major effect on
                  air movement and no violations of ground level
                  concentrations (A.3.  below)  has  been made.

          2.  Maximum emission rates

              a)  Large Sources:  >250 MM Btu/hr heat input.  The
                  relevant Federal New Source Performance
                  Standards, 40 CFR, Part 60, are incorporated,
                  but ground level concenctration limits of A.3.
                  herein also apply to these sources.  The only
                  relevant Federal standard for sulfur dioxide is
                  Section 60.104 of Subpart J,  "Standards of
                  Performance for Petroleum Refineries."  The term
                  "petroleum" in this Federal standard is defined
                  as the crude oil removed from the earth and the
                  oils derived from tar sands,  shale, and coal.

              b)  Small sources:  £250 MM Btu/hr heat input.  The
                  lower limit as determined by application of
                            190

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    INDIANA:   STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

III.  Sulfur Dioxide (S02) Emissions Standards (Contd.)

                  subsections 2. c) and 3. below shall be the
                  controlling limitation.

              c)  Maximum allowable emission rate - general

                  i) For fuel combustion operations, including
                     direct-fired process operations, use:
                     Em = 17-0 Qm:°-33;» or
                     Ep = 17.0 QmO-67
                     where: Ep = Era  Qra;
                            Em = Max.  allowable SO?
                            emissions in Ib/MM Btu fuel heat
                            input; an Ep = Max.  allowable
                            SC>2 emissions in Ib/hr; and
                            Qm = Total combustion equipment
                            capacity rating, in MM Btu/hr fuel
                            heat input.
                            (A correction to modify Qm and
                            therefore above equations  shall  be
                            used where fuel other than Indiana
                            coal is used).
                     (Definition.  "Direct-fired process
                     operations" are operations using  oxygen  in
                     the air  to combine  with sulfur  to form  a
                     marketable product.)
                     For  all  other sources not  otherwise  covered
                     by  this  subsection  A.2, use:
                     Ep  =  19.5P °'67
                     where:   P  = total  process  equipment  capacity
                     weight  input  in T/hr; and
                     Ep  is as defined  above.

          3.  Allowable  ground  level  concentration

              a)  Definitions.

                  i)   "Basin, Priority A" means any  area  of  land
                       (county)  wherein the  ambient  air
                       concentration  for  a specific  contaminant  or
                       pollutant is equal to  or  in  excess  of  the
                       applicable  primary air  quality standard.
 *  The  value  of Em"shall  never exceed  6.0 Ib S02/MM Btu
 heat  input and need  be  set no lower than 1.2 Ib/MM Btu heat input,
 regardless of  the  values determined by application of this
 formula.

                             191

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    INDIANA:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

III.   Sulfur Dioxide (S02) Emissions Standards (Contd.)

                 ii)  "Basin, Priority B" means any area of land
                      (county) wherein the ambient air
                      concentration for a specific contaminant or
                      pollutant is equal to or in excess of the
                      applicable secondary air quality standard
                      but is less than the applicable primary air
                      quality standard.
                iii)  "Basin, Priority C" means any area of land
                      (county) wherein the ambient air
                      concentration for a specific contaminant or
                      pollutant is less than the applicable
                      secondary air quality standards.

              b.   Maximum hourly ground level concentration
                  Priority A basins:    £ 200 micrograms/m3
                  Priority B basins:   jC 500 micrograms/m3
                  Priority C basins:   £ ^00 micrograms/m3

                  where Cmax is determined as follows:
 i)
                      for fuel combustion operations including
                      direct fired  process heaters
                      'max
                           =  90Sf Qm0.75n0.25
                                  ah.
ii)
                      for  process  operations  subject to A.2.c)ii)
                      of this  section III.

                                  P0.75n0.25
                     or  by  other  approved  formulae.

      'max =   maximum hourly ground  level concentration  with
                 respect  to distance  and at  the  "critical  wind
                 speed for  level  terrain"  resulting  from the
                 point source.  This  shall not exceed those
                 numbers  specified  for  the different priority
                 basins  above.  Lower values may be  specified by
                 the Board  where  conditions  dictate.

      >f  =   pounds of sulfur dioxide emitted/MM BTU of fuel
                 heat input.
                              192

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    INDIANA:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

III.  Sulfur Dioxide (802) Emissions Standards (Contd.)

      Sp  =       pounds of sulfur dioxide emitted/T of process
                  weight input.

      Em  =       maximum allowable sulfur dioxide emissions in
                  pounds/MM BTU fuel heat input.

      Ep  =       maximum allowable sulfur dioxide emissions in
                  pounds/hr.

      Qm  =       total combustion equipment capacity rating,
                  heat input in millions of BTU/hr.

      P   =       total process equipment capacity weight input,
                  tons/hr.

      n   =       number of stacks in fuel burning or process
                  operations.
      a   =       plume rise factor of 0.7.

      hs          stack height in feet.

                  The  average  stack height to  represent "n"  stacks
                  of varying heights  shall be  calculated  by
                  dividing  the sum of the height  of  each  stack
                  multiplied by its hourly sulfur dioxide emission
                  rate by the  total plant hourly  sulfur dioxide
                  emission  rate.

IV.   Hydrocarbon Emission  Standards

      A.  General Provisions

           1.   Definitions

               The term "Volatile  Organic Materials"  means any
               material containing carbon and  hydrogen  or
               containing  carbon  and  hydrogen  in combination  with
               any other  element  which has a  vapor pressure  of  2.5
               pounds  per  square  inch  absolute or greater  under
               actual  conditions.

      B.   Storage of  volatile  organic materials

           1.   It shall be prohibited  to  place, store,  or  hold  in
               any  stationary tank,  reservoir or other container of
               more  than 40,000 gallons capacity any volatile
               organic material unless such tank, reservoir,  or
               other container  is a pressure  tank capable of
                             193

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    INDIANA;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

IV.   Hydrocarbon Emission Standards (Contd.)

              maintaining working pressures sufficient at all
              times to prevent vapor or gas loss to the atmosphere
              or is designed and equipped with one of the
              following vapor loss control devices:

              a)  A floating roof, consisting of a pontoon-type,
                  double deck-type or internal floating cover,
                  resting on the surface of the liquid contents
                  and equipped with a closure seal or seals to
                  close the space between the roof edge and tank
                  wall.  This control equipment shall not be
                  permitted if the volatile organic material has a
                  vapor pressure of 12.0 pounds per square inch
                  absolute or greater under actual storage
                  conditions.

              b)  A vapor recovery system, consisting of a vapor
                  gathering system capable of collecting the
                  vapors and gases discharged and a vapor disposal
                  system capable of processing such vapors and
                  gases so as to prevent their emission to the
                  atmosphere.
              c)  Other equipment or means for purposes of vapor
                  loss control as may be approved by the Board.

          2.  It shall be prohibited to store or hold in any
              stationary storage vessel of more than 250 gallons
              capacity any volatile organic compound unless such
              vessel is equipped with a submerged fill pipe during
              loading operations, or is a pressure tank, or is
              equipped with a vapor recovery system as described
              in subsection B.1.

      C.   Volatile Organic Materials Loading Facilities

          1.  Affected facilities.  This rule shall not apply to
              the loading of volatile organic materials into tank
              tank car, truck,  trailer or barge from any loading '
              facility which handles less than MO,000 gallons of
              volatile organic  material in any one day.

          2.  It shall be prohibited to load any volatile organic
              materials into any tank,  tank car,  truck, trailer
              or barge from any loading facility unless such
              loading facility is equipped with a vapor collection
              and disposal system, bottom loading,  submerged
              loading, or equivalent, approved by the Board.
                            194

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    INDIANA:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

IV.   Hydrocarbon Emission Standards (Contd.)

          3.  When loading of volatile organic materials into any
              tank, tank car, truck, trailer, or barge through a
              loading arm equipped with a vapor collecting
              adaptor, a pneumatic, hydraulic or other mechanical
              means shall be provided to force a vapor-tight seal
              between the adaptor and the hatch.  A means shall be
              provided to prevent liquid organic material drainage
              from the loading device when it is removed from the
              hatch of any tank, tank car, truck, trailer, or
              barge or to accomplish complete drainage before such
              removal.

          4.  When loading of volatile organic materials is
              effected through means other than hatches, all
              loading and vapor lines shall  be equipped with
              fittings which make vapor-tight connections and
              which close automatically when disconnected.

      D.  Volatile Organic Mquid - Water Separators

          1.  It shall be prohibited to use  any compartment  of any
              single  or multiple compartment volatile  organic
              liquid  - water separator which compartment normally
              receives effluent water containing 200 gallons/day
              or more of any volatile organic liquid unless  such
              compartment is equipped with one  of  the  following
              vapor loss control devices.


              (a) A solid cover.

              (b) A floating roof  or  cover resting  on  the  surface
                  of  the  liquid  contents.

              (c) A vapor recovery  system of suitable  design.

              (d) Other  equipment  or  means to  control  evaporation
                  losses  as  may  be  approved  by  the  Board.

      E.  Waste  Gas Emission Standards

           1.  Petroleum  Refinery Emissions.   No person shall cause
              or allow  the  discharge  of hydrocarbons from any
              catalyst  regeneration of  a petroleum cracking system
              or from any  petroleum fluid  coker into the
              atmosphere unless  the waste  gas  stream is burned in
              a  direct-flame afterburner for boiler or is
              controlled by  other  means approved by the Board.
                               195

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    INDIANA;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

IV.   Hydrocarbon Emission Standards (Contd.)

          2.  Vapor Slowdown.  It shall be prohibited to emit
              hydrocarbon gases to the atmosphere from any vapor
              blowdown stream, except pressure relief valves which
              are required for safety reasons, unless these gases
              are burned in flares of smokeless design or are
              controlled by other means as may be approved by the
              Board.

      F.   Volatile Waste Organic Liquids

          1.  It shall be prohibited to dispose of any liquid or
              serai-liquid volatile waste organic material or
              sludge within the State of Indiana by any means
              other than as follows:

              a)  Refining by acceptable means to produce a
                  reusable product.

              b)  Consuming in usable heat generation equipment.

              c)  Incineration by acceptable means.

              d)  Other approved means for disposal but in no case
                  discarding in a landfill,  refuse dump, or the
                  equivalent.

      G.   Emission Standards for Organic Solvents

          1.  Definitions for purposes of subsection G.

              a)  "Organic materials" means  chemical compounds of
                  carbon, excluding  carbon monoxide, carbon
                  dioxide,  carbonic  acid,  metallic carbides,
                  metallic carbonates,  and ammonium carbonate.
              b)  "Organic solvents" means organic materials which
                  are  liquids at standard  conditions, and include
                  diluents which are used  as dissolvers, viscosity
                  reducers,  and cleaning agents.

          2.  It shall be prohibited to emit or allow the emission
              of more  than 3 pounds  of organic materials in any
              one hour or 15 pounds  of organic materials in any
              one day  (24 hours)  unless all  organic materials
              emitted  are reduced by at least 85 percent from
              emissions before the application of any control
              equipment or process.
                            196

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    INDIANA:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE. FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

IV.   Hydrocarbon Emission Standards (Contd.)

          3.  The provisions of tnis section shall not apply to
              the use of the following solvents:

              a)  hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, esters,
                  ethers or ketones provided that the total of
                  such solvents with olefinic or cyclo-olefinic
                  unsaturation does not exceed 5% by volume either
                  singly or in combinations.

              b)  aromatic organic solvents provided that the
                  total of such solvents with 8 or more carbon
                  atoms to the molecule, excluding ethyl benzene,
                  does not exceed 8 % by volume either singly or
                  in combinations.

              c)  ethyl benzene, ketones having branched
                  hydrocarbon  structures, trichloroethylene  or
                  toluene not  exceeding 2056  by  volume either
                  singly or in combinations.

              d)  any  organic  solvent or mixture  of  solvents  which
                  because of its structure  or  composition may be
                  subject to the limitations of more than one of
                  the  categories (i), (ii)  or  (iii)  above,  shall
                  be considered a member of the class with  the
                  lowest percentage limitation.   In  no case shall
                  a combination of  compounds subject to  the
                  limitations  of  (i), (ii)  or  (iii)  above  exceed
                  2056  by volume of  the  combination.

              e)  saturated halogenated  hydrocarbons,
                  perchloroethylene,  benzene,  acetone,
                  C-|-C5 n-paraffins,  cyclohexanone,  ethyl
                  acetate,  diethylamine,  isobutyl acetate,
                  isopropyl  alcohol,  methyl benzoate,
                  2-nitropropane,  phenyl acetate, and
                  triethylamine.

               f)  other  organic  solvents that  have been  determined
                  by  the  Air  Pollution  Control Board to  be photo-
                  chemically  unreactive in the formation of
                  oxidants.

           4.   A greater  degree of control may  be required to
               prevent  a  health hazard or a local nuisance because
               of the  particular  properties of a specific organic
               compound.  Determination of a health hazard will be
               based upon  such factors as threshold  limit values,


                               197

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    INDIANA:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

IV.   Hydrocarbon  Emission Standards  (Contd.)

              presence of carcinogens, and other  accepted health
              indicators.

          5.  Acceptable control methods  to  provide compliance
              shall be:

              a)   Consuming such gases or vapors  in acceptable
                   fuel burning equipment.

              b)   Absorption or adsorption by acceptable means.

              c)   Incineration by direct  flame or catalytic
                   combustion, preferably  with heat recovery.

              d)   Oxidation by chemical means utilizing oxidizing
                   agents or ozone, if practical.

              e)   Other means acceptable  to  the Board.

V.    Nitrogen Oxides Emission Standards

      A.  Standards for Fuel Burning Equipment

          1.  Affected facilities:  Facilities with capacities of
              250  MM Btu per hr or more.

          2.  Maximum Emissions

              (NOX expressed as Ibs of N02 per MM Btu of
              heat input.)

              a)  gaseous fossil fuel - 0.20 Ibs of N02

              b)  liquid fossil fuel   - 0.30 Ibs of N02

              c)  solid fossil fuel   - 0.70 Ibs of N02

VI.   Carbon Monoxide (CO) Emission Standards

      A.  Incinerators, Fuel Burning Equipment, and Catalyst
          Regeneration Units for Petroleum Refinery Cracking
          Processes.

          1.  The discharge of CO in an effluent stream to the
              atmosphere shall be prohibited unless the waste gas
              stream is burned in a direct-flame afterburner or
              boiler or is controlled by other approved means.
                              198

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          INDIANA SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL ACT
Basis:   (1)   Refuse Disposal Act, 1971, and as amended in
              1972.

         (2)   Regulation SPC-18, Solid Waste Management
              Permit (August 1974)

Agency:  Indiana Stream Pollution Control Board

Note:    No person shall construct or cause to be
         constructed sanitary landfill facilities, or an
         incinerator with design capacity of greater than
         30 tons per day, without a construction permit
         issued by the Board.

Sanitary Landfill

A.  General Standards

    1.  Appropriate all weather roads must  be  provided.

    2.  Any shelter or sanitary facilities  provided  shall
        be constructed in accordance with the  State  Board
        of Health  requirements  for such  construction.

    3.  No refuse  deposit shall be made  nearer than  600
        feet to any dwelling without written consent of the
        occupant and/or owner.

B.  Water Quality

    Sanitary landfill design and  operations shall  conform
    to the following minimum water quality  standards:

    1.  Where  ground water  monitoring wells are  required  by
        the Board,  tests  performed shall include  COD,  pH,
        Fe, Cl, conductivity and  other  Board  specified
        tests.

    2.  Surface water courses  and runoff shall be  diverted
        from the  sanitary landfill by trenches and proper
        grading.

     3.  In no  case shall  solid waste  be deposited  within  an
        aquifer.

C.   Air Quality

     1.  Open burning  of  solid  waste  is  prohibited.
                         199

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                 INDIANA SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL ACT


I.     Sanitary Landfill  (Contd.)

       D.  Gases

           1.  Decomposition gases shall be controlled on-site and
               shall not be allowed to migrate laterally, nor
               allowed to concentrate in a manner that will be an
               explosion or toxicity hazard.

       E.  Hazardous and Special Wastes

           1.  Hazardous wastes shall not be accepted at a
               sanitary landfill unless authorized in writing by
               the Board.
                               200

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                  KANSAS  WATER  QUA-LITY  STANDARDS

    Basis:   Water  Quality Criteria for  Interstate  and  Intrastate
            Waters of Kansas,  28-16-28,  (Draft version of these
            criteria).

    Agency:  Kansas State  Board  of Health
            Kansas Department  of Health and Environment (Draft)

    Notes:   1.  Effluent limitations for a point discharge industry
               in  the State of  Kansas are set with regard to two
               regulations:

               a.  The first basis for determining  effluent
                  limitations  are with  respect to  the  effluent
                  limitations  developed by the Environmental
                  Protection Agency under the Federal  Water
                  Pollution Control Act Amendments (PL92-500) .

               b.  The second consideration in developing
                  industrial effluent limitations  is the water
                  quality criteria for  interstate  and  intrastate
                  waters, Kansas Department of Health  and
                  Environment  Regulations 28-16-28.

               The more stringent of the two requirements listed
               above would apply.

            2.  A draft version of the water pollution control
               regulations is currently (April 28,  1977) being
               prepared by the Department and where the draft
               provisions change, add to or modify any existing
               provision this will be identified and cited as
               DRAFT.

I.  TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS

    A.  Best practicable control technology currently available
        shall be applied to all  industrial wastes  by  July  1,  1977.

    B.  Best practicable control technology currently available
        shall be applied to all  industrial wastes  by  July  1,  1977
        unless a specific deadline extension  is granted  by  the
        Department.  (DRAFT)

II. GENERAL CRITERIA

    A.  The cumulative effect  of waste  discharges  to  waters  of the
        state will  be  guided by  the  1962  U.S.  Public  Health
        Service Drinking Water  Standards,  and polluting  substances
        by  point  source  waste  discharges  shall be  maintained below
        maximum permissible concentrations which  would  be
        detrimental  for  the established water use.
                              201

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                  KANSAS WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
II.  GENERAL CRITERIA  (CONTD.)

     B. The cumulative effect of waste discharges to waters of the
        state will be guided by both the primary and secondary
        drinking water regulations promulgated by the EPA under
        authority of the Safe Drinking Water Act (P.L. 93-523).
        Polluting substances, where receiving waters serve
        established beneficial uses, shall be maintained below
        maximum permissible concentrations which would be
        detrimental for the established water use.  (DRAFT)
III. SPECIFIC CRITERIA
     1.  Fecal Coliform
     2.  Dissolved Oxygen
     3.   Temperature
     4.  pH  (range)

     5.  pH  (DRAFT)

     6.  Ammonia
                            Class A Waters
                       Class B Waters
_<200/100 mi-Geometric
mean or not less than
5 samples taken over
not more than 30 day
period; nor shall more
than 10% of the samples
during any 30 day period
exceed 400/100 ml.

  >5 mg/1
<2000/100 ml
No heat of artificial
origin shall be added
to a stream in excess
of the amount that will
raise the temperature of
the water more than 5°F
above natural conditions.
Receiving waters shall not
exceed 90°F as a result of
man made sources.

6.5 - 8.5

6.5 - 9.0

  0.15 mg/1 (as N)
 >5 mg/1 (except
 for 4 mg/1 for
 short periods
 of time within
 a 24 hour period).

 Same as for
 Class A Waters.
   6.5 - 8.5

   6.5 - 9.0

   0.15 mg/1
   (as N)
                              202

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                  KANSAS WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

III. SPECIFIC CRITERIA   (CONTD.)

                            Class A Waters
     7.  Oil and Grease
     8.  Solids
     9.  Turbidity
     10. Taste and Odor
     11. Color
      12.Toxic Substances
Essentially free
of visible oil and
grease.

All waters shall
be free of float-
ing debris, scum,
and other floating
materials in a-
mounts to be det-
rimental to estab-
lished beneficial
use.

No increase that
will cause sub-
stantial visible
contrast with the
natural appearance
of the  water.

Substances shall
be limited to con-
centrations in  the
receiving water  that
will not interfere
with the established
beneficial use  of
the receiving
water.

Color  producing
substances shall
be limited to con-
centrations which
will not be detri-
mental  to  the esta-
blished beneficial
use of the receiving
water.
Class B Waters

Same as for
Class A Waters
Same as for
Class A Waters
Same as for
Class A Waters
Same as for
Class A Waters
Same as  for
Class A  Waters
 Shall  be  limited  to
 concentrations  in the
 receiving water that
 will  not  be  harmful  to
 human,  animal,  plant or
 otherwise interfere  with
 established  beneficial
 use  of the water.
  Same  as  for
  Class A  Waters
                             203

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                  KANSAS WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

IV.  WATER USE CLASSIFICATION

     As used above in No. Ill, the receiving water classifications
     are as follows:

     A. Class A waters are to be protected for the following uses:

        1. Body contact recreation, with possibility of ingestion;

        2. Preservation and propagation of water life and wildlife-

        3. Public water supply;

        4. Industrial water supply; and

        5. Agricultural purposes.

     B. Class B waters are to be protected for the following uses:

        1. Secondary  contact recreat'Dn, ingestion not probable;

        2. Preservation and propagation of water life and wildlife;

        3. Public water supply;

        4. Industrial water supply; and

        5. Agricultural purposes.

     C. Designation of water uses

        A. Class A Waters

           1.  All lakes and reservoirs are subject to the
              application of Class A water quality criteria.

        B.  Class B Waters

           2.  Generally all other  waters in the state,  including
              streams and rivers,  are subject to the application
              of Class B water quality criteria.
                              204

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     KANSAS;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

          Agency:  Department of Health and Environment


I.     General Provisions

       A.  Definitions

           1.  "Contaminant" means dust, fumes, smoke or other
               particulate, vapor, gas odorous substance or any
               combination thereof, but not including uncombined
               water vapor or steam condensate.

           2.  "Incinerator" means any device or structure used
               for the destruction or volume reduction of garbage,
               rubbish, or other liquid or solid waste materials
               by combustion pursuant to disposal or salvaging
               operations.

           3.  "Indirect Heating Equipment" means any device  where
               fuel is burned to produce usable heat by  transfer
               through a heat conducting materials  barrier or by  a
               heat storage medium to a material to  be heated so
               that the material being heated  is not contacted  by,
               and adds no substance  to, the products of
               combustion.

           4.  "Opacity" means  the degree  to which  an official
               observer's  view  of  transmitted  light is obscured by
               passing through  as  contaminant  emission with  zero
               percent opacity  being  equivalent  to  perfect  trans-
               parency and 100  percent  opacity being perfectly
               opaque.

           5.  "Particulate" means any  dispersed matter, solid  or
               liquid, except uncombined water.

       B.   Standards

            1.  Interference  with  Enjoyment of  Life  and  Property.

               Compliance  with  the regulations herein notwith-
               standing,  should it be found after  public hearing
               that  any  specific  emission  source is, will be, or
               tends  to  be significantly injurious  to human health
               or  welfare, animal or plant life,  or property, or
               is  or  will  be unreasonably  interferring with  the
               enjoyment  of life  and property of any inhabitant  of
               the state,  or will interfere with the attainment  or
               maintenance of any national ambient air  standards,
               alternate  standards or orders may be issued to
               require additional abatement or control  of certain
               emissions  as deemed necessary to effect  the
                purposes  of the  Kansas enabling act.

                              205

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        KANSAS:   STANDARDS  OF  PERFORMANCE  FOR  STATIONARY SOURCES


II.     Visible  Emission  Standards

        A.  Maximum emissions  -  general
                20% opacity

        B.  Fuel  Burning  Equipment  (Indirect Heating Equipment)

           1.   Maximum emissions
                     less  than  20%  opacity

        C.  Incinerators

           1.   Maximum emissions
                     less  than  2Q%  opacity

        D.  Exceptions

           1.   It shall  not be  a violation of subsections A, B, or C
               above if  it can  be shown that  the failure to comply
               with any  of these standards is solely the result of the
               presence  of uncombined water.

III.    Emission  Standards  for Fugitive Dust

       A.  Standards - General

           It shall be prohibited to cause or allow the handling,
           transport, or storage of any materials or any other use of
           a premise in  such a  manner as to allow particulate matter
           to become airborne to the extent that the ground level
           concentration at the property line equals or exceeds the
           following:

                   2.0 milligrams/cubic meter, above background
                   concentrations,  for periods aggregating more
                   than  10 minutes  in any hour.

IV.    Emission Standards for Particulate Matter

       A.  Processing Operation Standards

           1.  Affected  facilities:  any processing machine,
               equipment, device, or combination thereof,  excluding
               indirect heating equipment and incinerators.

           2.  Definitions

               a)  "Process Weight" means the total weight of all
                    materials introduced into a source operation which


                              206

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       KANSAS:   STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES


IV.    Emission Standards for Particulate Matter  (Contd.)

                    may constitute, or form, a source of particulate
                    emissions.  In the case of direct heating opera-
                    tions solid fuels used shall be included as part
                    of the process weight, but liquid and gaseous
                    fuels and combustion air shall not be included.
                b)  Process Weight Rate" means the total process
                    weight introduced into the source operation over a
                    specific time period divided by that time period,
                    in hours.  For a cyclical or batch operation, the
                    time period shall be that required to complete one
                    operation or a chosen integral number of cycles,
                    and for continuous operations it shall be the
                    total operating period or a typical portion
                    thereof.
                 c) "Source Operation" means the last operation
                    preceding the emission of particulate matter,
                    which results in the separation of the particulate
                    emissiors from the processed materials or the
                    conversion of the processed materials into  the
                    particulate emissions, excluding those operations
                    which are an integral part of the functioning  of a
                    control device.

            3.  Standards

                 a) To determine the maximum emission rate,  use the
                    following:
                         for  process weight  <30 T/hr
                                     E=  4.1 pOTFf

                         for  process weights > 30T/hr
                                   E=55P °'11 - 40

                         where  (in both  cases): E  is  rate of emissions
                                                in  Ib/hr; and
                                                P  is  process weight  in
                                                T/hr
                 b) Certain  particulate  emissions  may,  because  of
                    their  chemical and/or  physical  nature,  require
                    emissions rates  lower  than  those  provided  for  in
                    subsection  A.3a).  In such  cases the  Department
                    shall  notify  the  person responsible  for  the
                    emission,  in  writing,  of  the  reasons for special
                    concern  regarding  the existing or proposed
                    contaminant emission and  specify  an alternate
                    emission rate  which is not to be  exceeded.
                               207

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       KANSAS:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

IV.    Emission Standards for Particulate Matter  (Contd.)

       B.  Fuel Burning Equipment (Indirect Heating Equipment)

          1.    Applicability

               This subsection applies to installations in which fuel
               is burned for the primary purpose of producing steam,
               hot water, or hot air or other indirect heating of
               liquids, gases, or solids and in the course of so do-
               ing the products of combustion do not come into direct
               contact with process materials.  When any products or
               by-products of a manufacturing process are burned for
               the same purpose or in conjunction with any fuel, the
               same maximum emission limitations shall apply.

           2.   Definitions

               a)   The "heat input" value used shall be the equipment
                   manufacturer's or de-igner's guaranteed maximum
                   input, whichever is greater.

           3.   Particulate Emission Standards

               a)   To determine the maximum permissable emission rates
                   use the following:

                   <_10MM Btu/hr heat input:  0.60 Ib/MM Btu heat input

                   >10MM Btu/hr <10,000 MM Btu/hr heat input:

                        A _ 1.026
                            1-233

                        where:  A =  maximum emission rate in Ib/MM
                                     Btu heat input; and
                                I =  total heat input in MM Btu/hr

                   XLO,000 MM Btu/hr heat input: 0.12 Ib/MM Btu
                                                 heat input

       C.   Incinerators

           1.   Definitions

               a)   The "burning capacity" of an incinerator means the
                   manufacturer's or designer's guaranteed maximum
                   rate,  whichever is greater, or such other rate as
                   may be determined by the Department in accordance
                   with good engineering practice.
                              208

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       KANSAS:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMAN-CE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

IV.    Emission Standards for Particulate Matter  (Contd.)

           2.  Standards

               a)  Maximum emissions
                     (exhaust gas corrected to 12% CC^)

                   burning capacity  <200 Ib/hr:  0.3 gr/DSCF of
                                                  exhaust gas
                   burning capacity  ^>200 Ib/hr  £20,000 Ib/hr:
                                                  0.2 gr/ DSCF of
                                                  exhaust gas
                   burning capacity >20,000 lb/hr:0.1 gr/DSCF of
                                                  exhaust gas

               b)  All incinerators shall be multiple chamber inciner-
                   ators, provided that  the Department  shall approve
                   any other kind of incinerator  if  it  can  be shown
                   that  such other kind  of incinerator  is equally
                   effective for purposes of air  pollution  control.
                   For the purpose of  this regulation a multiple
                   chamber incinerator is defined as an incinerator
                   consisting of three or more  refactory  lined com-
                   bustion furnaces in series,  physically separated  by
                   refactory walls, interconnected by gas passage
                   ports or ducts and  employing  adequate  design  para-
                   meters necessary for  maximum  combustion  of  the
                   material to  be burned.

   V.   Hydrocarbon Emission Standards

       A.   Storage Facilities

            1.   Affected  facilities:  Hydrocarbon tanks  or containers
                over  40,000  gallons  in  capacity.

            2.   Standards:  It  shall  be prohibited to place  or  hold
                any  gasoline  or  other  petroleum distillate having a
                vapor pressure  of 3.0  psia or greater under  actual
                storage conditions  unless the container is a pressure
                vessel or tank  capable  of maintaining sufficient
                working pressures to prevent vapor or gas loss  or is
                equipped  with  one of the following vapor loss devices:

                a)  A floating  roof such as a pontoon type,  double
                    deck roof type,  or  internal floating cover which
                    will rest on the surface of the  liquid contents
                    and be equipped with a closure seal or seals to
                    close the space between the roof or cover edge and
                    tank wall.   This control equipment  shall not be
                    permitted if the petroleum distillate has a vapor
                    pressure of 13-0 PSIA or greater under actual

                               209

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      KANSAS:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

V.   Hydrocarbon Emission Standards  (Contd.)

                  storage conditions.  All tank gauging or sampling
                  devices shall be gas-tight except when tank gauging
                  or sampling is taking place.
              b)  A vapor recovery system, consisting of a vapor
                  gathering system capable of collecting the volatile
                  organic compound vapors and gases discharged and a
                  vapor disposal system capable of processing such
                  volatile organic vapors and gases so as to prevent
                  their emission to the atmosphere.All tank gauging
                  and sampling devices shall be gas-tight except when
                  gauging or sampling is taking place.
              c)  Other equipment or means of equal efficiency for
                  purposes of air pollution control as may be
                  approved by the Department.

      C.  Slowdown Systems

          It shall be prohibited to emit to the atmosphere any
          hydrocarbon gas steam, excluding methane, of more than 50
          pounds per day from a vapor blow down system unless such
          gases are burned by smokeless flares or an equally
          effective control device as approved by the Director.

 VI.   Emission Standards for Sulfur Compounds

      A.  Standards for Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) in Process
          Gas Streams

          1.  Maximum H^S emission rate (or rate to any
                combustion device)	
                    10 gr/100 ft3 of gas emitted (or fed to
                                             combustion device)

          2.  Exceptions:   The standard of A.I. shall not apply  to:

              a)  The combustion of fuels for indirect heating
                  purposes
              b)  The combustion of fuels where the gaseous products
                  of combustion are used as raw materials for other
                  processes
              c)  The incineration of gases having a gross heating
                  value of less than 300 BTU per cubic feet at
                  standard conditions where the fuel used to
                  incinerate such waste gases does not contain
                  sulfur or sulfur compounds in excess of the amount
                  specified by this section.

      B.  Standards for Sulfur Emissions from Fuel Burning Equipment
          (Indirect Heating Equipment)


                             210

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       KANSAS:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

 VII. Emission Standards for Sulfur Compounds

           1.  Affected facilities:  fuel burning equipment having a
               heat input of 250 MM Btu/hr or greater.

           2 .  Maximum emissions of sulfur (S)
                     1.5 lb/MM Btu of heat input

VII Standards for Nitrogen Oxides (NOX)

       A.  Fuel Burning Equipment (Indirect Heating Equipment)

           1.  Affected facilities:  indirect heating equipment
               having a heat input of 250 MM Btu/hr or greater.
           2.  Maximum emissions (N0y expressed as
                 gas or oil fired:  "0.30 lb/MM Btu of heat input
                 coal fired:  0.90 lb/MM Btu of heat input.

  VIII.  Emission Standards for Carbon Monoxide (CO)

         A.  Petroleum Refiu.ng Processes

             1 .  Standards

                 It  shall be  prohibited  to  emit CO in a  waste  gas
                 stream from  any catalyst regeneration unit
                 (for cracking  systems),  fluid coker, or other
                 petroleum  process unless such gas stream is  burned
                  at 1300°F for 0.3  seconds or greater in a
                 direct-flame afterburner or equivalent  approved
                 device.
                               211

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             KANSAS SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT STANDARDS
       Basis:   Article 29 - Solid Waste Management Standards and
                Regulations (November 1975).  Amendments to the
                Solid Waste Act (HB2559, April 1977)

       Agency:  Department of Health and Environment, Division of
                Environment, Bureau of Environmental Sanitation.

       Scope

       A.  These rules and regulations establish minimum standards
           for the storage, collection, transportation,
           processing, utilization and final disposal of solid
           wastes by any person, industry, city or county.

       B.  Cities or counties have the right to enact ordinances
           or resolutions for control of solid waste management
           practices which are more stringent than these
           regulations.
II.    Standards
       A.  Storage of Solid Wastes

           1.  Owner and/or occupant of any industrial plant shall
               provide sanitary storage for all solid waste
               produced on his property which meet standards set
               forth in these regulations.

           2.  All solid waste shall be stored so that:

               a.   it does not attract rats, flies or other
                   vectors;

               b.   it does not provide shelter or breeding place
                   for vectors;

               c.   it does not create a health or safety hazard;

               d.   it is not unsightly; and

               e.   the production of offensive odors is minimized.


       B.   Specific Storage Standards

           1.  Hazardous wastes  shall be stored in:
                              212

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             KANSAS SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT STANDARDS


II.    Standards  (Contd.)

               a.  A manner which will prevent spillage, leakage
                   of liquids; and/or the concentration or genera-
                   tion of harmful or explosive vapors or
                   offensive odors.

               b.  Containers constructed of durable,
                   corrosion-resistant, water tight construction;
                   provided with tight-fitting lids or covers;
                   properly labeled, and kept in a safe location
                   protected from tampering by unauthorized
                   persons.

               c.  Other  types of storage containers that have
                   written approval of the department  for use at  a
                   specific location for a specified purpose.

       C.  All piping, valves and other appurtenaces associated
           with  the storage and transfer of hazardous  wastes  shall
           be constructed of corrosion-resistant materials  can  be
           maintained in  a leak-proof condition.

III.   Standards for Solid Waste Processing Facilities and
       Disposal  Areas	

       The standards for  solid waste disposal  areas  for  the State
       of Kansas are essentially the same operational  type
       standards which exist  for a  majority of all  states.   These
       standards include, but are  not  limited  to,  location  of the
       disposal  area, access  road  criteria, reporting
       requirements, communication  standards  and  fire  protection
       requirements.

IV.    Amendments  to the  Present Solid Waste  Act

       A.  Amendments  to  the  present  Solid Waste  Act became
           effective April  19,  1977,  and  the  regulations will be
           revised  in  accordance  with  the  new amendments within
           the  next  year.

       B.  The  amendments to  the  present  Solid Waste Act include
           provisions  for the adoption of rules and regulations
           establishing  criteria  for all  areas of hazardous waste
           management  including,  but not  limited  to, the
           following:

           1.   Identification of hazardous  waste  including
                toxicity,  persistence and  degradability in nature,


                              213

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             KANSAS SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT STANDARDS
IV.    Amendments to the Present Solid Waste Act  (Contd.)

               potential for accumulation in tissue, flammability,
               corrosiveness and generation of pressure through
               decomposition;

           2.  The location of processing facilities and disposal
               areas for hazardous waste;

           3.  For the monitoring of hazardous waste processing
               facilities and disposal areas;

           4.  Adoption of rules and regulations dealing with all
               areas of transporting hazardous wastes;  and

           5.  Establishment of a permit system for the
               construction, alteration, or operation of a
               hazardous waste storage or disposal area or
               treatment facility.
                              214

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              KENTUCKY WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

Basis:  Kentucky Water Quality Standards, 401 KAR 5:025 and
        401 KAR 5:035, July 1975

Agency: Department for Natural Resources and Environmental
        Protection, Bureau of Environmental Quality,
        Division of Water Quality

I.    GENERAL CRITERIA APPLICABLE TO ALL WATERS OF THE STATE

      A.  All waters of the State shall be:

          1.  Substantially free from substances attribut-
              able to industrial or other discharges that
              will settle to form putrescent sludge deposits.

          2.  Free from floating debris, oil, scum or other
              floating materials.

          3.  Free from materials producing  color, odor or
              other conditions which would create a nuisance.

          4.  Free from substances  attributable  to indus-
              trial or other discharges  in concentrations  or
              combinations which are toxic or harmful  to
              human,  animal, plant  or aquatic life.

II.    INDUSTRIAL WATER SUPPLY

       A.  The following criteria are applicable  to water  at
          the point which water  is  withdrawn for use  for  in-
          dustrial cooling  and  processing  and  shall be  appli-
          cable only  within  a mixing zone.

           1.  PH                           5-9

          2.  Temperature                  <95°F

          3.  Dissolved  Solids           1750  mg/1  (monthly
                                                    average)
                                          1000  mg/1  (at any
                                                    time)

III.   PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY  AND FOOD  PROCESSING

       A.   The  following  criteria are applicable  to  surface
           waters  at  the  point  which water is withdrawn for
           use  as  a public  water supply or by a food process-
           ing  industry.
                               215

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              KENTUCKY WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

III.  PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY AND FOOD PROCESSING  (CONTD.)

         Substance o'r Condition        Limitations
         1 .   Colifortn Group
        5.
                           <5000/100 ml as a
                           monthly arithmetical
                           average nor exceed
                           this in more than
                           twenty percent of the
                           samples examined
                           during any month; nor
                           exceed 20,000/100 ml
                           in more than five
                           percent of such
                           samples.

                           <3 (after normal
                           water treatment).

                           ^500 mg/1 as monthly
                           average, nor exceed
                           750 mg/1 at any time.

                           Gross beta activity -
                           1000 picocuries per
                           liter (pCi/1)
                           Dissolved strontium
                           90 - 10 pCi/1
                           Dissolved Alpha
                           emmiters - 3 pCi/1
Chemical Constituents shall not exceed the
following specified concentrations at any time:
        2.   Threshold Odor Number
            Dissolved Solids
            Radioactive Substances
          Constituents
          Arsenic
          Barium
          Cadmium
          Chromium  (hexavalent)
          Cyanide
          Fluoride
          Lead
          Selenium
          Silver
                            Concentrations in
                            	mg/1	

                                 0.05
                                 1.0
                                 0.01
                                 0.05
                                 0.025
                                 1.0
                                 0.05
                                 0.01
                                 0.05
                            216

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              KENTUCKY WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

IV.  OTHER WATER USE DESIGNATIONS

     Following are the additional water use designations
     established by the State Water Quality Criteria.

     A.  Aquatic Life

         Applicable to the evaluation of conditions for the
         raaintanance of well balanced, indigenous fish po-
         pulation.

     B,  Put-and-Take Trout Streams

         Applicable to those waters designated as put- and-take
         streams.

     C.  Recreation

         Applicable to waters used  for recreational  purposes,
         including but not limited  to such water-contact
         activities as swimming and water skiing.

     D.  Agricultural

     E.  Multiple Uses

         One or more uses established may apply  to  the  same
         waters.  In the event  there  is a conflict  between
         or among the applicable uses, the more  stringent
         use criteria shall apply.

V.  WATER USE CLASSIFICATION TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS
    (401 KAR 5:035)	

     A.  This regulation applies to the water use  classifica-
         tions  as shown above.

         1.  All  persons discharging  through  point  sources
             from which pollutants  are or  may be discharged
             shall  apply the best  practicable control tech-
             nology  as  the  department considers  appropriate
             to treatment  facilities  not  later than July  1,
              1977.

          2.  All  persons who discharge through a point
              source  shall  apply the best  available techno-
              logy  economically  achievable  by  July 1, 1983-
                               217

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KENTUCKY:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES

   Agency:   Department for Natural Resources and Environmental
              Protection

   Emissions from Process Operations

   A.  Definitions

       1. "Process operation" means any method,  form, action,
          operation, or treatment of manufacturing or processing,
          and shall include any storage or handling of materials
          or products, before, during, or after  manufacturing  or
          processing.

       2. "Process Weight" means the total weight of all materials
          introduced into any affected facility  which may cause
          any emission of particulate matter,  but does not include
          liquid and gaseous fuels charged, combustion air, or
          uncombined water.

       3. "Particulate Matter" means any material, except
          uncombined water, which exists in a finely divided form
          as a liquid  or a solid at normal operating conditions.

   B.  Standard for Visible Emissions

          Emissions of smoke of a shade equal  to or greater than
          twenty percent opacity shall be prohibited.

   C.  Particulate Emission Rate Standards

       To determine the maximum emission rate  of particulate
       matter use the  following:

       1.      £ 60,000 Ib/hr process weight rate

                 use:   E = 3-59 P0-^

                       where:  E = maximum emission rate in Ib/hr
                               P = process weight rate in tons/hr

       2.      > 60,000 Ib/hr process weight rate

                 use:   E = 17.31 P0-16

                       where:  E and P have the  same meanings
                               shown in C.1. above
                          '218

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   KENTUCKY:   STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES

II.   Emissions from Fuel Burning Equipment (Indirect Heat Exchangers)

      A.  Affected facilities.

          1.  Indirect Heat Exchangers with a capacity of more than
             one MM Btu/hr input except for those using natural gas,
             liquid petroleum gas, or distillate fuel oil as a main
             fuel or combination of these as a main or standby fuel
             with capacity of less than 50 MM Btu/hr input, for which
             these standards shall not apply.  The combined total
             heat input capacity of all affected facilities shall be
             used to determine the total allowable emissions from a
             source.

      B.  Definitions

          1.  "Indirect Heat Exchanger" means any piece of equipment,
             apparatus or contrivance used for the combustion of fuel
             in which the energy produced is transferred  to its point
             of usage through a medium that does not come in contact
             with or add to the products of combustion.

          2.  "Fuel" means natural gas, petroleum, coal,  wood, and any
             form of solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel  derived from such
             materials for the purpose of creating useful heat.

          3.  "Particulate Matter" means any  finely divided  liquid or
             solid material,  other than uncombined water, as measured
             by a method  specified by  the Department.

      C.  Particulate Matter.

          To determine the maximum emission  rate  of  particulate
          matter use the  following:

                    Y  =  0.9634 X-0-2356

                          where:  Y =  maximum  particulate emission in
                                  pounds per  MM Btu heat  input,  and
                                  X =  heat  input  capacity rating  in  MM
                                  Btu/hr

      D.  Visible  Emissions  (Smoke).

          Gases  emitted  to  the  open  atmosphere  from  affected
          facilities shall  not  exhibit an opacity of greater  than
          twenty  percent except  that  a maximum  of forty  percent
          opacity  shall  be  permissible for  not  more  than two  minutes
          in  any  hour.   Where the presence  of uncorabined water is  the
          only reason  for failure to meet the requirements of this
          paragraph,  such failure will not be a violation of this
          section.
                               219

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   KENTUCKY;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES

II.    Emissions from Fuel Burning Equipment (Indirect Heat Exchangers)
        (Contd.)

      E.  Sulfur Dioxide (S02)

          1 . Emission to the open atmosphere of gases containing
             S02 shall be limited according to the following:
               use:
                    a)  for liquid fuel   Y = 7-7223 X-0-
                        for solid fuel    Y = 13.8781 XZ°
               where  (for both fuels):  Y = maximum SC>2 emissions
                                         in Ibs per MM Btu/hr heat
                                         input; and X = heat input
                                         capacity rating in MM
                                         Btu/hr

                    b)  for different fuels burned simultaneously in
                        any combination:

                          Y =  y(a)  + z(b)
                where:  y = % of total heat input derived from liquid
                            fuel
                        z = % of total heat input from solid fuel,
                        a = maximum SC>2 emission in Ibs/MM Btu
                        heat input derived from liquid fuel, and
                        b = maximum SC>2 emission in Ibs/MM Btu
                        heat input derived from solid fuel.

          2.   Compliance in any of the cases shown in E.I. above
             shall be based on the total heat input from all fuels
             burned,  including gaseous.

      F.   Nitrogen Oxides

          1 .  Maximum  emissions of nitrogen oxides (expressed as
             N02)  in  effluent gases from fuel burning equipment
             with  input heat capacity of 250 MM Btu per hour or more
             shall be as follows:

             a)  0.20  Ib per million Btu heat input derived from
                gaseous fuel.
             b)  0.30  Ib per million Btu heat input derived from
                liquid fuel.
             c)  0.70  ID per million Btu heat input derived from solid
                fuel  (except lignite).

          2.  When  different fuels are burned simultaneously in any
             combination the applicable standard shall be determined
             by  the following:

                              220

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II
KENTUCKY:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES

   Emissions from Fuel Burning Equipment (Indirect Heat Exchangers)
     (Contd.)
             Y = x(0.20) + y(0.30) + z(0.70)
                            x + y +z
      where:  Y is the maximum N02 emission in Ibs per MM BTU heat
              input.
              x is the percent of total heat input derived from
              gaseous fuel, and
              y is the percent of total heat input derived from
              liquid fuel, and
              z is the percent of total heat input derived from
              solid fuel  (except  lignite).

III.  Emissions from Incinerators

      A.  Definitions

          1. "Auxiliary Fuel" means a  substance  burned  in an  incin-
             erator to supply additional  heat  to attain  temperature
             sufficiently  high to dry  and ignite waste  material  and
             to maintain  ignition of the  waste but  is  never  in direct
             contact with  it.

      B.  Particulate Matter

          1. The  emission  rate of particulate  matter for incinerators
             of more than  50 tons per  day charging  rate shall not  be
             in excess of 0.08 gr/dscf corrected to  12  percent
             C02i  excluding  the  contribution  of carbon  dioxide
             from  auxiliary  fuel.

          2. The  emission rate of particulate  matter for incinerators
             of 50  tons per  day  charging  rate  or less  shall  not  be in
             excess of 0.2 gr/dscf  corrected  to 12  percent  C02»
             excluding  the contribution of carbon dioxide from
             auxiliary  fuel.

IV.   Emissions from Storage Vessels  for  Petroleum  Liquids.

      A.   Affected facilities

           1.  The  provisions  of  this section shall apply to  storage
              vessels  for  petroleum  liquids having capacities greater
              than 40,000  gallons, except  as provided in subsection 2.
              below.

           2.  Storage  vessels for petroleum liquids with storage
              capacity  greater  than  500 gallons but less than 40,000
              gallons  shall be  equipped with a permanent submerged
              fill pipe  or vapor  recovery system.

                             221

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   KENTUCKY:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES

IV.   Emissions from Storage Vessels for Petroleum Liquids  (Contd.)

      B.  Definitions

          1. "Storage Vessel" means any tank, reservoir, or container
             used for the storage of petroleum liquids, but does not
             include:

             a) Pressure vessels which are designed to operate in
                excess of fifteen (15) pounds per square inch gauge
                without emissions to the atmosphere except under
                emergency conditions.
             b) Subsurface caverns or porous rock reservoirs, or
             c) Underground tanks if the total volume of petroleum
                liquids added to and taken from a tank annually does
                not exceed twice the volume of the tank.

          2. "Petroleum Liquids" means crude petroleum, condensate,
             and any finished or intermediate products manufactured
             in a petroleum refinery but does not mean Number 2
             through Number 6 fuel oils, gas turbine fuel oil Number
             26T through 4-GT, or diesel fuel oils Numbers 2-D and
             4-D as specified by the Department for Natural Resources
             and Environmental Protection.

          3. "Petroleum Refinery" means any facility engaged in
             producing gasoline, kerosene, distillate fuel oils,
             residual fuel oils, lubricants, or other products
             through distillation of petroleum or through redistilla-
             tion,  cracking, or reforming of unfinished petroleum
             derivatives.

          U. "Submerged fill pipe" means any fill pipe the discharge
             of which is entirely submerged when the liquid level is
             six inches above the bottom of the tank; or when applied
             to a tank which is loaded from the side, shall mean
             every  fill pipe the discharge opening of which is en-
             tirely submerged when the liquid level is two times the
             fill pipe diameter above the bottom of the tank.

      C.  Hydrocarbon Standard

          1. Petroleum liquids in affected facilities shall be stored
             as follows:

             a) If  the true vapor pressure of the petroleum liquid,
                as  stored, is equal to or greater than 1.5 psia but
                not greater than 11.1 psia, the storage vessel shall
                be  equipped with a floating roof, a vapor recovery
                system, or their equivalence.
                              222

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IV,
KENTUCKY:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES

   Emissions from Storage Vessels for Petroleum Liquids  (Contd.)
             b) If the true vapor pressure of the petroleum liquid as
                stored is greater than 11.1 psia, the storage vessel
                shall be equipped with a vapor recovery system or its
                equivalence.

V.    Emissions from Petroleum Refineries

      A.  Affected facilities.  The provisions of this section shall
          apply to fuel gas combustion devices in petroleum refin-
          eries only.

      B.  Definitions

          1. "Petroleum Refinery" (see definition at IV.B.3. herein).

             "Petroleum" means the crude oil removed from the earth
             and the oils derived from tar sands, shale, and coal.

          3. "Process Gas"  means any gas generated  by a petroleum
             refinery process  mit, except fuel  gas and process  upset
             gas as defined in this subsection.

          4. "Fuel Gas" means any gas which  is  generated by a
             petroleum refinery process unit and which  is combusted,
             including any  gaseous mixture of natural gas and  fuel
             gas which is combusted.

          5. "Fuel Gas Combustion Device"  means any equipment,  such
             as process heaters,  boilers  and flares,  used  to  combust
             fuel gas  but  does not  include  fluid coking  unit  and
             fluid catalytic  cracking  unit incinerator-waste  heat
             boilers or facilities  in  which  gases are  combusted  to
             produce sulfur or  sulfuric  acid.

          6. "Process  Upset Gas"  means  any gas  generated  by a
             petroleum  refinery  process  unit as a result  of a
             startup,  shut-down,  upset  or  malfunction.

       C.  Sulfur  Dioxide  (802)

           1. No  fuel  gas  containing H2S in excess of 0.10 gr/dscf
             shall  be  burned in any fuel gas combustion device,
             except  as provided in  subsection 2. below.  The combus-
             tion of process upset  gas in a flare,  or the combustion
             in  a flare  of  process  gas or fuel gas which is released
             to  the  flare as a result of relief valve leakage is
             exempt  from  this section.
                               223

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   KENTUCKY;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES

V.    Emissions from Petroleum Refineries  (Contd.)

          2. The owner or operator may elect to treat the gases
             resulting from the combustion of fuel gas in a manner
             which limits the release of SC>2 to the atmosphere
             if it is shown that this prevents SC>2 emissions as
             effectively as compliance with the requirements of C.1.
             of this section.

VI.   Standards for Oil-effluent Water Separators

      A.  Affected facilities.  This standard shall apply to any
          compartment of any ves'sel or device operated for the
          recovery of oil from effluent water which recovers 200
          gallons a day or more of any petroleum products from any
          equipment which processes, refines, stores or handles
          hydrocarbons with a Reid vapor pressure of 0.5 Ibs or
          greater.

      B.  Emission Standard

          Emissions of all hydrocarbon vapors and gases shall be
          reduced by at least 90$ (by weight), except when gauging
          and sampling is taking place.

VII.   Standards for Organic Solvents

      A.  Affected Facilities.

          1. This section shall apply to any article, machine,
             equipment or other contrivance used for employing or
             applying the following:

             a)  Any organic solvent which is photocheraically reactive
                or material containing such photochemically reactive
                solvent.

          2. The provisions of this section shall not apply to:

             a)  The transport, loading, or storage of organic sol-
                vents or  materials containing organic solvents;
             b)  The use of any material if the volatile content con-
                sists only of non-photochemically reactive solvent
                comprising not more than 30 percent by volume of the
                material  as applied;
             c)  The use of any material if the volatile content con-
                sists only of water and non-photochemically reactive
                solvent and the solvent comprises not more than 20
                percent of said volatile content by volume as applied*
                              224

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   KENTUCKY:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES

VII.  Standards for Organic Solvents  (Contd.)

             d) The use of equipment for which other standards are
                specified by sections IV or VI of this regulation or
                which are exempt from air pollution control require-
                ments by those sections.

      B.  Definitions

          1. "Organic materials" means chemical compounds of carbon
             excluding carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic
             acid, metallic carbides, metallic carbonates, and
             ammonium carbonate.

          2. "Organic Solvents" means organic materials which are
             liquids at standard conditions and which are used as
             dissolvers, viscosity reducers, cleaning agents,
             diluents, or thinners.

          3. "Photocheraically Reactive Solvent" means any solvent
             with an aggregate of more than 20 percent of its total
             volume composed of the  chemical compounds classified
             below or which exceeds  any of the following individual
             percentage composition  limitations,  referred to  the
             total volume of solvent:

             a) A combination of hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes,
                esters, ethers, or ketones having an  olefinic or
                cyclo-olefinic type  of unsaturation - five  percent;
             b) A combination of aromatic compounds with eight or
                more carbon atoms  to the molecule except ethyl-
                benzene - 8 percent;
             c) A combination of ethylbenzene, ketones having
                branched hydrocarbon structures,  trichloroethylene  or
                toluene - 20 percent.

             When any  organic  solvent or  any  constituent  of an  organ-
             ic solvent may be  classified  by  its  chemical  structure
             into more  than one  of the above  groups  of  organic  com-
             pounds,  it  shall  be  considered  as a  member  of  the  most
             reactive  chemical  group, that  is,  that  group  having the
             least allowable  percent of the  total volume  of solvents.

       C.   Standard for  Organic  Materials

           1.  It shall  be  prohibited  to discharge  into the open air
              from any  affected  facility using organic solvents more
              than JJO  pounds  of  organic materials  in any one day nor
             more than eight  pounds  in any one hour,  unless said
              emissions have  been reduced by at least 85 percent (by
              weight).

                               225

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   KENTUCKY:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES

VII.  Standards for Organic Solvents  (Contd.)

          2. Emissions of organic materials into the atmosphere
             required to be controlled by subsection C.I. shall be
             reduced by:

             a) Incineration, provided that 90 percent or more of the
                carbon in the organic material being incinerated is
                oxidized to carbon dioxide; or
             b) Adsorption; or
             c) Modifying processing procedures, equipment and/or
                materials in such a manner so as to achieve at least
                the degree of control of photochemically reactive
                solvents required herein.  The implementation of such
                modification in lieu of compliance with subsection
                C.1. requires the express prior approval of the
                Department.

VIII. Emissions of Hazardous Pollutants

      A.  Potential Hazardous Emissions.  The utmost consideration
          shall be given to the potential harmful effects of and
          effective control methods for discharges to the open
          atmosphere of hazardous matters including, but not limited
          to, antimony, arsenic, asbestos, beryllium, bismuth, lead,
          mercury, silica, tin and compounds of such materials.
          Evaluation of these sources and the control methods designed
          and proposed will be made on a case-by-case basis by the
          Department.
                              226

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          KENTUCKY SOLID WASTE REGULATIONS
Basis:  Solid Waste Regulations (401 KAR 2:010)

Agency: Department for Natural Resources and Environmental
        Protection, Bureau of Environmental Quality,
        Division of Solid Waste.

Landfills

A.  Permit Requirements

    1.  A permit to construct and/or operate a landfill  is
        required by the state.

    2.  Permits may be conditioned upon special limitations
        not found in this regulation.

B.  Location

    1.  No landfill shall be exposed to a  once in  five  year
        flood.

    2.  Landfills subject to a high ground  water table
        shall be restricted to sites which:

        a.  provide greater than  two feet  of compacted
            earth between deposited solid  waste and  the
            maximum water table;

        b.  include measures to prevent contamination  of
            ground water; and

        c.  provide monitoring  facilities.

    3.  Landfills  shall  provide not less  than  two  feet  of
        compacted  earth  between deposited  solid waste  and
        bedrock.

    4.  Landfill  locations  shall  conform  to applicable
        local  zoning  laws  and  ordinances.

C.  Design  Criteria

    1.  Landfills  shall  be  designed to prevent ground  and
        surface water  pollution.

    2.  Surface contours shall minimize runoff onto or
        through the  operational or completed fill area.
                         227

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                 KENTUCKY SOLID WASTE REGULATIONS
I.     Landfills  (Contd.)
           3.  A buffer zone between the fill area and adjacent
               land shall be provided.
           4.  Adequate cover shall be available to cover wastes
               at sufficient intervals.
           5.  Where stacking of disposal cells is the proposed
               disposal method, soil stability shall be
               considered.
II.    Sanitary Landfills
       A.  Special Requirements in addition to those listed above,
           1.  The plans shall include grades for proper drainage
               of each lift and a typical cross section of each
               lift.
           2.  Cover material shall be of such character that it
               can be compacted to provide a tight seal.
           3.  The following improvements shall be made before a
               sanitary landfill site is placed in operation.
               a.  All weather roads shall be provided following
                   improvements.
               b.  A shelter for operating personnel shall be
                   provided.  The shelter shall be screened and
                   provided with heating facilities and adequate
                   lighting.  Safe drinking water shall be
                   available at or near the site.
               c.  Fire protection shall be provided.
           U.  Sanitary landfills shall be in accordance with
               approved plans.
           5.  Cover material shall be applied daily.
           6.  The area shall be graded as frequently as
               necessary.   No surface water shall drain to the
               fill  area.
                               228

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                 KENTUCKY SOLID WASTE REGULATIONS
III.   Definitions
       A.  "Landfill" means a solid waste disposal site or
           facility.

       B.  "Sanitary landfill" means a landfill at which
           putrescible and other solid wastes may be disposed.

       C.  "Solid waste" means all putrescible and non-putrescible
           refuse in solid form.  Solid waste includes but  is  not
           limited to garbage, rubbish, ashes, incinerator
           residue, construction wastes and solid commercial and
           industrial wastes.
                               229

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               MISSOURI WATER QUALITY CRITERIA

    Basis:  Missouri Water Quality Standards  (June  1973)

    Agency:  Missouri Clean Water Commission

I.  GENERAL CRITERIA APPLICABLE TO ALL STATE  WATERS

    A.  All industrial and mining effluents shall not  create
        conditions in the stream which will adversely  affect
        the present or future water uses.

    B.  The following minimum water quality conditions  shall
        be applicable to all waters of the state, and  such
        waters shall be:

        1.  Free from substances that will cause the formation  of
            putrescent or objectionable sludge deposits.

        2.  Free from floating debris, oil, scum and other
            floating materials in amounts to  be unsightly or
            deleterious.

        3.  Free from substances producing color, odor  or
            other conditions to such degree as to create a
            nuisance.

        4.  Free from substances that will have a harmful
            effect on human, animal, or aquatic life.


II.  SPECIFIC CRITERIA

    A.  The following specific water quality  criteria  shall
        apply to all classified streams and lakes.

        1.  Substance or Condition          Limitation

            a.  pH                          6.5 - 8.5

            b.  Dissolved Oxygen              5 mg/1

            c.  Temperature                  _<90°F

            Note:  The above listed restrictions are the
                   minimum conditions which may exist  at any
                   time due to effluents.

        2.  Substance or Condition          Limitation

            a.  Toxic Substances            None in concentra-
                                            tions or combinations
                                            which would be toxic
                                            to human,  animal,
                                            plant or aquatic  life,

                                230

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               MISSOURI WATER QUALITY CRITERIA
II.  SPECIFIC CRITERIA  (CONTD.)

     2.  Substance or Condition (Contd.)
        b.
         g
          j

          k
Bacteria (Fecal coliform
count)
             Taste and odor producing
             sbustances
             Turbidity
             Color
             Oil and Grease
 Solids
 Fluoride  (Sources  of  Potable
 Water  Supply)


 Undissociated  Ammonium
 Hydroxide  (as  Nitrogen)

 Lead

 Zinc
  Limitation

*   <_200/100 ml, nor
  shall more than
  10% of total
  samples during any
  30 day period
  exceed 400/100 ml.

  None which would
  interfere with the
  intended use of
  the water.

  None, other than
  of natural origin.

  None, other than
  natural origin.

  No residue attri-
  butable to waste
  water, visible oil
  film, or globules
  of grease.

  None  in amounts  to
  be unsightly  or
  deleterious or
  will  settle to
  form  sludge
  deposits.

  <1.2  mg/1 due  to
  effluents or
  surface runoff.

  <0.1  mg/1
  *<0.1  mg/1

   <1    mg/1
  The  standards  state that these are to be controlled at the
  limits  shown  "insofar  as possible".
                                231

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                MISSOURI  WATER QUALITY CRITERIA
 III.  EFFLUENT  REGULATION   (April 1975)
      A.
      Effluents shall meet the best practicable control
      technology as  defined in current effluent limitation
      guideline documents as prepared by the Federal EPA
      or  the  Missouri Clean Water Commission.   Where such
      documents are  not  available or applicable,  the
      limitations shown  below shall be used as the general
      effluent  limitations in establishing permit condi-
      tions,  and represents the lower level at which the
      various substances can be removed in a wastewater
      stream  economically with current technology.
         Substance
         Arsenic
         Barium
         Beryllium
         Cadmium
         Chromium - Hexavalent
          Trivalent
         Copper
         Iron  (Suspended  or
          settleable iron, no
          discoloration at point
          of discharge)
         Lead
         Mercury
         Nickel
         Selenium
         Silver
         Zinc
         Cyanide
         Phenols
         Oil and Grease (No
          visible or floating
          oil)

         Settleable Solids
                                    Limitation
                                    ug/1    mg/1 (Calculated)
                                     100
                                    2000
                                     500
                                     100
                                      50
                                     500
                                    1000
                                    1000
                                     100
                                      10
                                    1000
                                      50
                                     100
                                    1000
                                      50
                                    1000
                                  <15000
0.1
2.0
0.5
0.1
0.05
0.50
1.0
1.0
0.1
0.01
1.0
0.05
0.1
1.0
0.05
1.0
 15
                                        0.2  ml/1
B.
The following limitations apply to percolating  water
from all areas of land on which wastes or  wastewater  is
allowed to accumulate, whether or not additional  treat-
ment is to be obtained by application to the  land.  Such
percolating water shall be considered an effluent  to  the
subsurface waters when it reaches a depth  of  more  than 4
feet.
                                232

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               MISSOURI WATER QUALITY CRITERIA

III. EFFLUENT REGULATION  (April 1975) (Contd.)

         Substance                           Limitation
         Arsenic
         Barium
         Cadmium
         Chromium (Total)
         Copper
         Cyanide
         Fluoride
         Lead
         Nickel
         Phenols
         Selenium
         Silver
         Zinc
         COD
         Threshold Odor Number (TON)
         Linear Alkylate Sulfonates
         Chlorides
         Sulfates
         Total Dissolved Solids
         Nitrate  (as N03)

     C.  Dilution Prohibited
  50
1000
  30
 500
  20
  10
1200
  50
 800
   5
  10
  50
 100
  10
   3
 1.0
 250
 250
 500
  10
ug/1
ug/1
ug/1
ug/1
ug/1
ug/1
ug/1
ug/1
ug/1
ug/1
ug/1
ug/1
ug/1
ug/1

mg/1
mg/1
mg/1
mg/1
rag/1
         Dilution of treated wastewater with cooling water
         or other less contaminated water to lower  the con-
         centration to limits required by an effluent regu-
         lation shall not be an acceptable means of treat-
         ment.

IV.  REGULATION FOR THE STORAGE OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS -  (June 1974)

     A.  Pollution Prevention

         1.  Any owner or operator of storage  facilities  for
             any hazardous materials; such as,  but  not limited to,
             petroleum products, fertilizer, pesticides,  herbicides,
             cyanide or cyanogen compounds which are hazardous to
             health and welfare, or are capable of  causing  pollution  if
             accident- released, shall locate  and construct  such
             facilities so as to prevent any spillage which  might
             result in pollution or damage to  a sewer or  water
             treatment facility.  Facilities such as catchment areas,
             relief vessels, or dikes shall  be installed  to  prevent
             accidental pollution of  the state waters.
                                233

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    MISSOURI:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

     Agency:  Missouri Air Conservation Commission

I.    General Provisions

     A. Definitions

        1. "Particulate Matter" means any material, except
           uncombined water, that exists in a finely divided  form
           as a liquid or solid at standard conditions.

        2. "Ringelmann Chart" means "Ringelmann's Scale for Grad-
           ing the Density of Smoke" as published in the U.S.
           Bureau of Mines Information Circular 8333.

II.  Visible Emission Standards

     A. General

           Maximum Emissions

             May not be equal to or darker than:

               No. 1 on Ringelmann Chart or an  equivalent opacity.


     B. Exceptions to A.

        1. Visible discharges of less than No.  3 on the Ringelmann
           Chart or equivalent opacity for periods aggregating not
           more than six minutes in any sixty minutes will not
           violate this section.

        2. No violation will occur where the presence of uncom-
           bined water is the only reason for failure of an emis-
           sion to meet the standards of this section.

     C. Incinerators

           Maximum Emissions

             May not be equal to or darker than:

               No. 1 on Ringelmann Chart or an  equivalent opacity.

     D. Fugitive Dust.  (Airborne Particulate Matter)

        1. Definitions
                                234

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    MISSOURI:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

II.  Visible Emission Standards   (Contd.)

           a) "Standard Conditions" for this section  shall  mean  a
              gas temperature of  60 °F and a gas  pressure of  14.7
              psia.

        2. It shall be prohibited to allow particulate matter  to
           become airborne so that it remains  visible in  the  am-
           bient air beyond the originating source  premises or  so
           that its presence may  be found beyond  said premises  and
           that:

           a) it has particulate  matter shown  to  be larger  than  40
              microns and
           b) at least one complaint has been  filed with  the
              Commission.

        3. Reasonable measures shall be used as  may be required  to
           prevent.particulate matter from  becoming airborne so  as
           to remain visible beyond the originating premises where
           a building or its appurtenances  or  a  road, driveway,  or
           open area is beint, constructed,  used,  repaired or de-
           molished.  Reasonable  measures include,  but are  not
           limited to, paving or  frequent cleaning  of roads and
           parking lots; application of dust  free surfaces; appli-
           cation of water; and  the planting  and maintenance of
           vegetative ground cover.

III. Emission Standards for Particulate Matter

     A. Emissions  from Industrial Processes

        1. Definitions

           a)  "Process weight"  means  the  total weight of all
              materials introduced  into  a source, including solid
              fuels  but excluding liquids and  gases used solely as
              fuels  and air  introduced  for  combustion.

        2. Maximum allowable  emissions*

           a) For  process  weights up  to  60,000 Ib/hr, use:

                      E  r  4.OP  °-67

              where:  E  =  maximum rate of emission in Ib/hr,
                      P  =  process weight rate in tons/hr

           b)  For  process  weights in  excess pf 60,000 Ib/hr, use:

                      E  =  55.0P0-11 - 40

               where    E  and P are the same as in a)  above

 *(see  next page)                 235

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    MISSOURI:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

III. Emissions Standards for Particulate Matter   (Contd.)

           c) Maximum concentration in exhaust gas

                      0.30 gr/SCF of exhaust gas

           •The limitations of a) and b) in this  section may
            sometimes be relaxed by optional limitation methods
            based on particulate concentration in the source gas
            or on a gas volume adjustment and emission limitation
            in pollution abatement equipment. (Details for these
            may be found in Regulation S-V, Section D of the
            Missouri Air Regulations).  The concentration
            limitation in c) of this section must be met
            regardless of the option used, however.

            d) Exceptions.  The provisions of A. 2 shall not apply
               during periods when a new fire is  being built,
               during startup or malfunction, or  while air
               pollution control equipment is being repaired or
               cleaned.

     B.  Standards for Fugitive Dust (Preventing Airborne
               Particulate Matter)

        1.  Definitions.  "Particulate Matter" means any material,
           except uncombined water, existing in a finely divided
           form as a liquid or solid at standard  conditions.

        2.  Property line limitations

           It shall be prohibited to cause or permit the emission
           of any particulate matter so as to cause concentrations
           of particulate matter at any inhabited place to exceed
           any one of the following:

           a) Suspended Particulates  80 ug/m3  6-month geometric
                                                    mean
              (High-Volume Sampler)  200 ug/nH  2-hour arithmetic
                                                    average for not
                                                    less than five
                                                    two-hour sampling
                                                    periods within any
                                                    one year.  No more
                                                    than 3 samples
                                                    shall be taken
                                                    during any 24-hour
                                                    period

           b)  Soiling Index         p.4Coh/1000     6 month geometric
                                    lineal ft.       mean
              (AISI  Paper tape      1.0Coh/1000     8-hour arithemtic
               sampler)              lineal ft.        average

                               236

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    MISSOURI:   STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

IV.   Standards for Emissions from Fuel Burning Equipment
        used for Indirect Heating	

     A. Definitions

        1. The "heat input capacity" rating shall be the equipment
           manufacturer's or the designer's guaranteed maximum
           input, whichever is greater.

     B. Maximum Particulate Emissions

        1.  Maximum emission, if capacity rating <10 MM Btu/hr

                      0.60 Ibs per MM Btu/hr heat input

        2.  Maximum emission, if capacity rating >10 MM Btu/hr and
            < 2000 MM Btu/hr	


               use formula:

                      log Y  = -  .3382 log X + 2.1454

                      where:
                                 Y is the allowable  emissions  in
                                 Ibs/hr
                                 X is the heat input  (aggregate heat
                                 heat content of  all  fuels  used)  in
                                 in MM Btu/hr

       3.   Maximum emission, if capacity rating >2000  MM  Btu/hr

                        0.100  Ibs per MM Btu/hr heat  input

V.   Emission Standards for  Incinerators

     A. Definitions

         1.  "Refuse" means  garbage,  rubbish, trade wastes,  leaves,
            salvageable  material, or  other  wastes.

     B. Maximum  Particulate  Emissions

         1.  Incinerators with burning capacity  >200  Ibs/hr

                      0.2  grains per SCF(Dry)  exhaust gas, corrected
                              to  12*  C02
                                237

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    MISSOURI;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

V.   Emission Standards for Incinerators   (Contd.)

           Incinerators with burning capacity <200 Ibs/hr

                      0.3 grains per SCF(Dry) exhaust gas, corrected
                            to 12* C02

     C. Other Requirements

        1. Incinerators shall be multiple  chamber incinerators,
           provided that the commission may approve any other kind
           of incinerator shown in advance of installation or
           construction to be capable of complying with the
           requirements of this regulation.

VI.  Standards for Emissions of Sulfur Compounds

     A. General Provisions

        1. Where several limitations are applicable to a given
           emission, the more stringent or restrictive standard
           shall apply.

     B. Standards for Concentration in Emissions

        1. Affected facilities.   This sub-section B shall apply to
           all facilities except those in which both:

           a) fuel is burned primarily to produce heat, and

           b) the emission of sulfur compounds is due primarily to
              sulfur in the fuel burned.

        2. Maximum SOp concentration in gas emitted

                      500 ppm (by vol. )

        3. Maximum sulfuric acid or sulfur trioxide (or any
           combination thereof)  concentration in emitted gas stream
                      35 mg (expressed as H2SO||) per cubic
                              meter of gas emitted

     C.  Other  Limitations on Rate and Manner of Emission

        1.  Affected facilities.  This sub-section C. shall apply to
           all facilities.

        2.  S02
               Maximum rate of SO?_Emission

                      1000  Ibs/hr

                                238

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    MISSOURI:  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

VI.  Standards for Emissions of Sulfur Compounds   (Contd.)

        3. Exception to sub-sections C. 1 and 2. above:

           a) Where SC>2 emissions do not cause or  contribute  to
              SC>2 concentrations in the ambient air  at any
              occupied place beyond the emitting source  premises
              exceeding those below for the period and frequency
              shown :

           Maximum SC>2 Concen-   Time Period   Maximum Frequency
           tion in Ambient Air*  Averaged      Allowable _

              .25 ppm  (by vol.)     1 hr        once  in any  4  day
                                               period

              .07 ppm  (by vol.)   24 hr        once  in any  90 day
                                               period

           *Air at standard conditions

        4. Sulfuric acid and sulfur trioxide  (SO^)

           Emissions of sulfuric acid  and  sulfur  trioxide (or any
           combination thereof)  from a  source  such that  concentra-
           tions  attributable to the source  in the ambient  air in
           inhabited areas beyond the  source  premises  exceed  the
           values shown on the  table below for the frequencies shown
           shall  be prohibited:
        Maximum  f^SOij  or  SOg
        Concentration  (or any
        bination thereof) in       Time Period    Maximum Frequency
        Ambient  Air** _      Averaged       Allowable _

        0.03  mg/m3                 30 minutes    once in any 48 hrs

        0.01  mg/m3                 24 hrs        once in any 90 days
        ••Concentration expressed as F^SOij; air at standard
          conditions.

      5.  Hydrogen  sulfide (H2S)

         Emissions of  hydrogen sulfide from a source so that
         concentrations attributable to the source in the ambient air
         in any inhabited areas beyond the premises of the source
                                239

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    MISSOURI;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

VI.    Standards for Emissions of Sulfur Compounds   (Contd.)

             exceed the values shown on the table below  shall be
             prohibited:
          Maximum
          concentration           Time Period    Maximum Frequency
          in Ambient Air          Averaged       Allowable _

          0.03 ppm  (by vol.)      30 minutes     twice  in any  5  con-
                                                 secutive days
          0.05 ppm  (by vol.)      30 minutes     twice  per year

VII.  Standards for Emission of Odors

      A. Odorous matter shall not be emitted in such  concentrations
         and frequencies or for such durations that such odor  can be
         perceived when one volume of the odorous air is diluted with
         seven volumes of odor-free air for two separate trials  not
         less than  15 minutes apart  ithin the period of one hour.

      B. Standards for Incinerators

         1 .  Incinerators shall be designed and operated so that  all
            gases, vapors and entrained effluents shall, while passing
            through the final combustion chamber, be  maintained  at a
            sufficient temperature to destroy all odor, provided,
            however, the Executive Secretary (Missouri  Air Conserva-
            tion Commission) may approve any other method of odor
            control shown to be equally effective.

VIII.  Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources

       A. The Federal regulations for new stationary  emission
          sources (40 CFR, Part 60) are incorporated  by reference.
          The portions of these Federal regulations relevant to  this
          project have been synopsized herein and this  synopsis  may be
          found under the "Federal EPA Regulations and Standards"
          section of this report.

       B. The Federal regulations incorporated herein because
          relevant or partially relevant to fossil-fuel conversion
          facilities within the scope of this project cover  the
          following listed plants or facilities:

          1. Fossil-fuel fired steam generators (MO CFR, Part  60,
             Subpart D).

          2. Incinerators (40 CFR, Part 60, Subpart E).

          3. Storage Vessels for Petroleum Liquids  (40  CFR,  Part 60,
             Subpart K).

                               240

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      MISSOURI;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

VIII.  Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources

          4. Petroleum Refineries  (40 CFR, Part 60, Subpart  J).

          5. Also, proposed Federal regulations covering lignite  fired
             steam generators (will be found in 40 CFR,  Part 60,  when
             issued).

       C. Where both state limitations herein and Federal  regula-
          tions incorporated herein are applicable to  an emission
          source, the more stringent standard shall be applied  to each
          emission.
                                241

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     MISSOURI SOLID WASTE  RULES AND REGULATIONS

Basis:  Missouri Solid Waste Management Law and Missouri
        Solid Waste Rules  and Regulations.
Agency: Missouri Department of Natural Resources, Division
        of Environmental Quality.
Sanitary Landfill
A.  Solids Wastes Excluded:
    1.  Hazardous wastes;
    2.  Bulk liquids;
    3.  Semi solids;
    4.  Sludges containing free moisture;
    5.  Highly flammable or volatile substances;
    6.  Pesticides; and
    7.  Industrial process sludge.
B.  Design
    1.  The wastes to be received shall be determined and
        names in the plan and the "Application for
        Operating Permit."
    2.  The plan shall specify the operating procedures for
        disposal of the listed wastes.
    3.  A list of wastes not approved for acceptance shall
        be displayed at the site entrance.
C.  Site Selection
    1.  Site selection and utilization shall comply with
        local zoning laws, including a study and evaluation
        of geologic and hydrologic conditions and soils at
        the site.
    2.   Site development plans shall be prepared or
        approved by a registered professional engineer and
        shall include:
        a.   Land use and zoning within 1/U mile of the
            site,  including location of all residences,
                       242

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            MISSOURI SOLID WASTE RULES AND REGULATIONS


I.     Sanitary Landfill  (Contd.)

                   buildings, wells, water courses, springs,
                   lakes, rock outcroppings,  caves, sink-holes and
                   soil or rock borings.  All electric, gas,
                   water, sewer and other utility eastraents or
                   lines that are located on, under or over the
                   actual disposal site shall be shown on the
                   plans.

               b.  A map showing initial and proposed topographies
                   at contour intervals of five feet or less.

           3.  Plans shall describe the projected use of the
               completed sanitary landfill.

           4.  .The geology and hydrology of  the site shall  be
               evaluated in order to design  site development in a
               manner to protect or minimize the impact on  surface
               water and O."ound water resources.  Precipitation,
               evapotranspiration, and  cliraatological conditions
               shall be considered in site selection and design.

       D.  Design Requirement

           1.  Plans for the design, construction, operation or
               alteration of the  site shall  be  prepared or
               approved by a registered professional engineer
               licensed by the State of Missouri.

       E.  Water Quality

           1.  The  location, design, construction  and operation
               shall minimize environmental  hazards and shall
               conform  to applicable ground  and surface water
               quality  standards  and requirements.

           2.  Plans shall include, but are  not limited to:

               a.   Current and  projected  use of water  resources  in
                    the  potential  zone of  influence.

               b.   Provisions for  surface  water runoff  control  to
                    minimize  infiltration  and erosion  of cover
                    material.  On-site drainage  structures  and
                    channels  should  be designed  for at  least a
                    20-year rainfall  frequency.
                               243

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              MONTANA WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

     Basis:  Water Quality Standards, MAC  16-2.14(10)  -
             S14480; Montana Pollutant Discharge Elimination
             Systems, '16-2.14(10) - S14460.

     Agency: Montana State Department of Health and
             Environmental Sciences.

     Notes:  1.  The Montana water quality  standards are
                composed of water use classifications, water
                use descriptions and specific water quality
                criteria, and general water quality
                criteria.

             2.  The general water quality  criteria apply to
                all state waters except where specific water
                quality criteria are more  applicable  to a
                specific water use classification.

I.   GENERAL WATER QUALITY CRITERIA

     A.  Minimum Treatment Required

         1. Industrial waste is to receive, as a minimum,
            treatment equivalent to the best practicable
            control technology currently available (BPCT) as
            defined by the Environmental Protection Agency
            (EPA).

         2. Where BPCT is not defined by EPA, industrial
            waste is to receive, after maximum in plant
            control, a minimum of secondary treatment  or
            equivalent.

     B.  State surface waters are to be free from substancess
         attributable to ... industrial  or other discharge
         that will:

         1. Settle to form objectionable sludge deposits or
            emulsions beneath the surface  of the water.

         2. Create floating debris, scum,  a visible oil film
            (or  be present in concentrations at or in excess
            of 10 mg/1) or globules of grease or other
            floating materials.

         3. Produce odors,  colors or other conditions  so as
            to create a nuisance.
                               244

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              MONTANA WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

I.   GENNERAL WATER QUALITY CRITERIA  (CONTD.)

         4.  Create concentrations or combinations of ma-
            terials which are toxic or harmful to human,
            animal, plant or aquatic life.

         5.  Create conditions which produce undesirable
            aquatic life.

     C.  Violation of Standards

         1.  No wastes are to be discharged or activities
            conducted such that will violate, or can
            reasonably be expected to violate, any of the
            water quality standards.

     D.  Turbidity

         1.  No wastes are to be discharged and no activities
            conducted which will cause turbidities to exceed
            those allowed by the specific water quality
            criteria.

            a. Exception - Short term activities such as
               dredging, channel or bank  alterations, stream
               diversions or other construction may  be
               authorized by the department.

     E.  Waste Treatment Ponds

         1.  Ponds for waste treatment purposes are not  to  be
            located  in drainage ways where the volume of
            drainage water from a  10-year storm entering  the
            ponds exceeds one-half the volume of the ponds.
            An exception is noted  for emergency oil  spills.

     F.  Mixing Zone

         1.  Existing discharges to state  waters will be
            entitled to  a mixing zone as  determined  by  the
            department.

     G.  Dissolved Gases                  _<110$ of  saturation

II.  EFFLUENT STANDARDS

     A.  Jurisdiction  of the National Pollutant  Discharge
         Elimination System  permit  in Montana has  been
         transferred from  the  EPA  to  the  state.   Montana
         establishes specific  individual  effluent  standards
         by  the conditions set  forth  in  this state issued
         NPDES permit.

                               245

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              MONTANA WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

II.  EFFLUENT STANDARDS   (CONTD.)

     B.  Basis for determining effluent limitations

         1.  Prohibition of certain discharges without prior ap-
            proval from the department.

         2.  Self monitoring requirements for each authorized dis-
            charge, including but not  limited to the following:

            a. Pollutants to be monitored;

            b. Frequency of monitoring, recording, and reporting;

            c. Analytical and sampling methods to be utilized;

            d. Recording and reporting procedures to be utilized; and

            e. Procedures for reporting other considerations
               having an effect on authorized discharges or that
               may effect an authorized discharge, or that may
               affect any of the conditions of the permit.

         3-  Requirements for consideration of unusual discharges,
            including but not limited  to the following:

            a. Reporting procedures for accidental discharges,
               plant bypasses, plant upsets, and discharge of oil
               and hazardous materials; and

            b. Where applicable required submittal of an accept-
               able oil and hazardous materials spill prevention
               and containment plan.
                              246

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      MONTANA;  STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

    Agency:   Air Quality Bureau, Environmental Science Division,
       Montana  Department of Health and Environmental Sciences


I.     General  Provisions

       A.   Definitions

           1.  "Fuel burning equipment" means any furnace, boiler
               apparatus, stack, or appurtenances thereto used  in  the
               process of burning fuel or other, combustible material
               for the primary purpose of producing heat or power  by
               indirect heat transfer.

           2.  "Installation" means any property, real or personal,
               including, but not limited to, processing equipment,
               manufacturing equipment, or construction, capable  of
               creating or causing emissions.

           3.  "Particulate matter" means any material, except  water
               in uncombinea  orm, that is or has been airborne,  and
               exists as a liquid or a solid at standard conditions.

           4.  "Ringelmann Smoke Chart" means the chart published  and
               described in the latest applicable U.  S. Bureau  of
               Mines Information Circular, used in  estimating the
               light obscuring  power of smoke.

II.    Visible Emission Standards

       A.   Maximum Emissions -  Any Installation
                   No. 2 on Ringelmann Chart, or  equivalent opacity

       B.   Maximum Emissions -  Any Single Source
                   No. 1 on Ringelmann Chart, or  equivalent opacity

       C.   Exceptions to A. and B.

           1.  The above limitations do not  apply where the presence
               of uncombined water is  the only  reason for  failure  of
               an emission to meet such limitations.

           2.  The limitations  of  A. and  B.  above shall not apply to
               emissions during the  building of a new fire, soot
               blowing,  or building  a  new fire  if the emission  shade
               or density  is less  than No.  3 on the Ringelmann  Chart
               for periods aggregating four  minutes or less  in  any 60
               minutes.

       D.  Incinerators

           1.  Maximum Emissions
                       No. I/ 2 on  Ringelmann Chart,  or IQ% Opacity

                               247

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      MONTANA; STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES'

III.   Emission Standards for Fugitive Dust

       A.  It shall be prohibited to handle, transport,  or  store  any
           material in such a manner as to allow  controllable
           particulate matter to become airborne.

       B.  It shall be prohibited to cause or allow  a building  or its
           appurtenances, or a road, driveway or  open area  to  be
           constructed, used, repaired or demolished without applying
           all such reasonable measures as may be required  to  prevent
           particulate matter from becoming airborne.  Reasonable
           measures include, but are not limited  to, paving, or
           frequent cleaning of roads, driveways  or  parking lots,
           application of dust-free surfaces, application of water,
           and the planting and maintaining of vegetative ground
           cover.

IV.    Emission Standards for Particulate Matter

       A.  Definitions

           1.  "Process weight" means the total weight of all
               materials introduced into any specific process  which
               may cause emissions.  Solid fuels  charged will  be
               considered as part of the process  weight, but liquid
               and gaseous fuels and combustion air  will not.

       B.  Industrial Processes

           1.  Affected facilities:  All industrial  processes  but not
               including:

               a)  fuel burning equipment
               b)  incinerators
               c)  new stationary sources as covered in  Section IX
                   herein for which particulate emission standards
                   have been promulgated

           2.  Maximum Emissions
                     Use the formulae as follows:

                    £ 60,000 Ib/hr process weights

                                        E = 4.10P°'67

                    > 60,000 Ib/hr process weights

                                        E = 55.0P°-1:L-1JO

                      where (in both formulae above):
                        E = maximum rate of emission in  Ib/hr;  and
                        P = process weight rate in T/hr

                               248

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      MONTANA: STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

IV.     Emission Standards for Particulate Matter  (Contd.)

       C.  Fuel Burning Equipment

           1.   Maximum Emission

               _<10 MM Btu/hr heat input:  0.60 Ib/MM  Btu  heat  input

               >10 MM Btu/hr heat input:

               use E = 1.026X~°-233

                   [Formula not in written  regulations - received  from
                   Montana Bureau by telephone].

               where: E is maximum rate of  emission  in Ib/MM  Btu  heat
                        input; and
                      X is heat input  in  MM Btu/hr.

           2.   Heat  input in C.I. above shall be  calculated  as  the
               aggregate heat content  of  all  fuels  (using upper limit
               of their heating value  range) whose  products  of  com-
               bustion pass through a  stack or  chimney.

       D.  Incinerators

           1.   Maximum Emission
                     0.10 gr/ DSCF of  flue  gas,  corrected to 12$
                     CC>2 amd calculated as  if no  auxiliary fuel
                     had been used

           2.   No incinerator shall be used for the burning  of  refuse
               unless such incinerator is of  the  multiple chamber
               type  or other design of equal  effectiveness for  air
               pollution control  purposes and approved  by the admini-
               strator prior to  construction  or installation.

V.     Emission Standards  for Sulfur Oxides

       A.  Standards for Sulfur  (S) Content of  Fuels

           1.  Liquid  or Solid  Fuels

               a)  Maximum S in  fuel:  1  Ib/MM  Btu fired

           2.  Gaseous Fuels

               a)  Maximum S in  fuel  (S  calculated as H2S):
                         50  gr/  100SCF of gaseous fuel

           3.  Exemptions  as to  A.I.  and  A.2.  above:

               a)  Incineration  of  waste  gases where:
                   i)    gross heating  value of waste gases is  less
                         than 300  Btu/SCF; and
                               249

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      MONTANA; STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY  SOURCES

V.     Emission Standards  for Sulfur  Oxides      (Contd.)

                   ii)  the fuel  used  for  firing  does not  contain
                        sulfur  compounds in excess  of the  limitations
                        of A.I. or  A.2. above.
               b)  Facilities in  which the gaseous  products  of
                   combustion are used as  raw  materials in
                   processes.
               c)  Small refineries of under 10,000 barrels  per  day
                   crude oil charge.

           4.  Exceptions

               a)  Facilities firing  at a  rate  of 1 MM  Btu/hr or less
                   may burn fuels that are not  within the  sulfur
                   requirements above  with proper approval.
               b)  Fuels containing higher sulfur contents than
                   allowed herein may  be used  with  proper  approval
                   where such fuels are mixed  with  one  or  more  lower
                   sulfur-containing  fuels so  that  the  resultant
                   mixture has  an equivalent sulfur content  not  in
                   excess of the  standards in  this  section.
               c)  Sulfur dioxide control  as to the emission gases
                   may be used  as an  alternate  to the requirements  in
                   this section upon  approval  if  it can be shown that
                   the sulfur emissions in Ib/hr  with such control
                   will not exceed  the amount  that  would be  emitted
                   were fuel within the sulfur  content  limitations
                   herein to be used.

VI.    Standards for Odors

       A.  General Prohibitions

           1.  It shall be prohibited  to cause  or allow the  discharge
               of gases, vapors,  or odors  beyond  the property line  of
               a source so that a public nuisance is created.

           2.  It shall be prohibited  to operate  any business or use
               any machine, equipment, device,  facility or process
               discharging into the atmosphere  any  odorous matter or
               vapors, gases, dusts, or combination thereof  which
               create odors without providing and maintaining such
               odor control devices, systems, or  procedures  as may  be
               specified by the administrator.

       B.  Handling and Storage Limitations

           1.  Odor producing materials shall be  stored and  handled
               so that accompanying odors do not  create a  public
               nuisance; accumulation of such quantities of  these
               materials as to permit their escape  or spillage  shall
               be prohibited.

                               250

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      MONTANA: STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

VI.    Standards for Odors  (Contd.)

           2.  Odor bearing gases, vapors, fumes, or dusts arising
               from materials in-process shall be confined at the
               point of origin and/or treated before discharge to the
               atmosphere to prevent liberation of odorous matter.

VII.   Fluoride Emission Standards

       A.  Phosphate, phosphorite, or phosphorous processing
           equipment and other fluoride processing or treating
           equipment.

           1.  Affected facilities:  any phosphate rock or
               phosphorite processing equipment, equipment used  in
               the production of elemental phosphorous, enriched
               phosphate, phosphoric acid, defluorinated  phosphate or
               phosphate concentrate, or equipment processing
               fluorides enriched wastewater, fluorides in a gaseous
               or particulate form or combinations thereof.

           2.  Maximum Emissions  (of fluorides in particulate or
               gaseous form or a combination  thereof)

                     0.3 Ib/T of ?2^5 5 introduced into a
                                 process capable of  releasing appli-
                                 cable fluorides

       B.  Pond Emission Standards

           1.  It shall be prohibited to cause or allow the emission
               of fluorides from  any storage  pond, settling basin,
               ditch, liquid holding or conveying tank or device
               associated with the  affected  facilities described  in
               A.I. above in excess of:
                     108 ug/cm2/28  days  (using calcium formate
                                              paper determination
                                              method)

VIII.  Standards for Organic Liquids  (Petroleum  Products)

       A.  Storage and Handling

           [Montana has incorporated by reference certain of  the
           Federal regulations for  new stationary emission sources
           (40CFR, Part 60).  Among these  is  "Storage  Vessels  for
           Petroleum Liquids"  (40CFR,  Part 60, Subpart K) which  has
           standards for  this subtopic.   See  Section IX  herein  and
           "Federal EPA Regulations and Standards"  part  of this
           report for details].

       B.  Oil-water Separators

                               251

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      MONTANA: STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

VIII.  Standards for Organic Liquids  (Petroleum Products)  (Contd.)

           1.  It shall be prohibited to use any compartment  of  any
               single or multiple compartment oil-effluent water
               separator which compartment receives  effluent  water
               containing 200 gallons a day or more  of any petroleum
               product of equal or greater volatility than kerosene,
               unless such compartment is equipped with one of the
               following vapor loss control devices  constructed  so as
               to prevent any emission of hydrocarbon vapors  to  the
               atmosphere.

               a)  A solid cover with all openings sealed and totaly
                   enclosing the liquid contents.  All gauging and
                   sampling devices shall be gas-tight except when
                   gauging or sampling is taking place.
               b)  A floa'ting roof, consisting of a  pontoon type  or
                   double-deck type roof, resting on the surface  of
                   the liquid contents and equipped  with a closure
                   seal or seals to clo0^ the space  between the  roof
                   edge and containment wall.  All gauging and
                   sampling devices shall be gas-tight except when
                   gauging or sampling is taking place.
               c)  A vapor recovery system, consisting of a vapor
                   gathering system capable of collecting the
                   hydrocarbon vapors and gases discharged and a
                   vapor disposal system capable of  processing such
                   hydrocarbon vapors and gases so as to prevent
                   their emission to the atmosphere.  All tank
                   gauging and sampling devices shall be gas-tight
                   except when gauging or sampling is taking  place.
               d)  Other equipment of equal efficiency provided  such
                   equipment has been approved by the administrator.

       C.   Loading

           1.  It shall be prohibited to load or permit the loading
               of gasoline into any stationary tank  with a capacity
               of 250 gallons or more from any tank  truck or  trailer,
               except through a permanent submerged  fill pipe, unless
               such tank is capable of maintaining working pressures
               sufficient at all times to prevent hydrocarbon vapor
               or gas loss to the atmosphere, or is  designed  and
               equipped with one of the following vapor loss  control
               devices:

               a)  A floating roof, consisting of a  pontoon type  or
                   double-deck type roof, resting on the surface  of
                   the liquid contents and equipped  with a closure
                   seal or seals to close space between the roof  edge
                   and tank wall.   The control equipment provided for
                   in this paragraph shall not be used if the

                               252

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      MONTANA: STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR STATIONARY SOURCES

VIII.  Standards for Organic Liquids (Petroleum Products)   (Contd.)

                   gasoline or petroleum distillate has a vapor
                   pressure of 13.0 pounds per square inch
                   absolute or greater under actual storage
                   conditions.  All tank gauging and sampling devices
                   shall be gas-tight except when gauging or sampling
                   is taking place.
               b)  A vapor recovery system, consisting of a vapor
                   gathering system capable of collecting the
                   hydrocarbon vapors and gases discharged and a
                   vapor disposal system capable of processing such
                   hydrocarbon vapors and gases so as to prevent
                   their emission to the atmosphere.  All tank
                   gauging and sampling devices shall be gas-tight
                   except when gauging or sampling is taking place.
               c)  Other equipment of equal efficiency provided such
                   equipment has been approved by the administrator.

IX.    Standards for New Stationary Sources

       A.  Certain Federal regulations for new stationary emission
           sources (40 CFR, Part 60) are incorporated by reference.
           The regulations incorporated which are relevant to this
           project are listed in B.  below.  The relevant portions of
           these regulations have been synopsized herein and this
           synopsis may be found under the "Federal EPA  Regulations
           and Standards" section of this report.

       B.  The Federal regulations incorporated herein because
           relevant or partially relevant to fossil-fuel conversion
           facilities within the scope of this project cover the
           following listed plants or facilities:

           1.  Fossil-fuel fired steam generators (40 CFR, Part 60,
               Subpart D.).

           2.  Incinerators (40 CFR, Part 60, Subpart E).

           3.  Storage Vessels for Petroleum Liquids (40 CFR, Part
               60, Subpart K).

           4.  Petroleum Refineries (40 CFR, Part 60, Subpart J).
                             253

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                 MONTANTA SOLID WASTE REGULATIONS
       Basis:   State Senate Bills 175 and 200

       Agency:  Department of Health and Environment Sciences,
                Solid Waste Management Bureau

                The Montana State Legislature has enacted two new
                laws, Senate Bills 175 and 200, respectively
                titled, "Solid Waste Management Act" and "Montana
                Solid Waste Management Act."  Part of Senate Bill
                175 requires that a state solid waste management
                plan be prepared taking into account public
                comment.

                The Montana Department of Health and Environmental
                Sciences has stated that the draft state plan was
                compiled to meet the requirements not only of
                state law but also of the federal law (The
                Recource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1975).
                The state plan establishes the means for local  and
                areawide planning to be initiated and financial
                assistance provided for these efforts.

                The following rule, as of May 1977, is proposed
                under the Montana Solid Waste Management Act.   The
                highlights of this proposed rule are as follows:

                Rule MAC	(May 1977)
                Montana Solid Waste Management Act.


I.     Waste Classification

       A.  Group I wastes include but are not limited to:

           1.  Wastes identified by EPA as hazardous wastes;

           2.  Brines, caustics, acids, industrial process wastes
               and liquid synthetic organic chemicals;

           3*  Oil, petroleum wastes and waste sediments or
               sludges from petroleum products.

II.    Solid Waste Disposal Site Classification

       A.  Class I sites may accept Group I, II and III wastes;
           and
                              254

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                 MONTANTA SOLID WASTE REGULATIONS
II.    Solid Waste Disposal Site Classification  (Contd.)

           1.  Shall not allow the discharge of these materials or
               their by-products to ground or surface water; and

           2.  Confine the wastes to disposal site or must be
               situated in a location where the leachate from the
               wastes can only percolate into underlying
               formations which have no hydraulic continuity with
               ground or surface waters.

       B.  Approval Required - Class I Sites

           1.  Maintenance and operation plan, design, and
               location shall be approved by the department.

III.   Class I Solid Waste Disposal Site

       A.  The site shall be fenced.

       B.  The site shall t  strictly supervised during open
           hours.

       C.  Burning of solid waste at a Class I disposal site is
           prohibited unless a variance in writing is granted.

       D.  Dumping of solid waste shall be confined to an area
           which can be effectively maintained and operated in
           accordance with this rule.

       E.  Group I waste at a Class I disposal site shall be
           covered with a minimum of twelve (12) inches of
           suitable earth after each operating day, unless an
           exemption is granted.

IV.    Hazardous Wastes

       A.  Identification of Hazardous Wastes

           1.  Any solid waste or combination of solid wastes
               shall be termed a hazardous waste if so classified
               by the EPA.

       B.  Generation of Hazardous Wastes

           1.  No person may consign hazardous wastes to another
               person without the disclosure of the hazardous
               nature of the solid waste.
                              255

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                 MONTANTA SOLID WASTE REGULATIONS
IV.    Hazardous Wastes  (Contd.)

           2.  The department may require the submission of
               reports from persons who generate hazardous wastes,
               regarding the types, quantities, composition and
               disposition of such wastes.

           3.  Not later than ninety (90) days after the
               promulgation by  EPA of rules identifying hazardous
               wastes, any person who generates hazardous wastes
               shall file notification with the department stating
               the location and general description of the waste
               generating facility and the hazardous wastes
               produced at such facility.

           4.  The department may require persons who generate
               hazardous wastes to maintain pertinent records,
               including copies of waste manifests, for specified
               periods of time.

           5.  Beginning six (6) months after the EPA adopts rules
               applicable to the generation of hazardous wastes,
               no person who generates hazardous wastes may place
               such wastes in containers except as allowed under
               EPA rules, amy place such wastes in unlabeled or
               improperly labeled containers, or may consign a
               shipment of hazardous wastes to another person
               without initiating a waste manifest.
                              256

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                                 TECHNICAL REPORT DATA     .
                          (Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
 REPORT NO.
EPA-600/7-79-231a
                            2.
                                                         . RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.
. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Environmental  Standards  for Coal Conversion Processes.
Volume I.  Most  Stringent,  Federal,  and Selected State
Regulations	
              . REPORT DATE
              October 1979
              ,. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
. AUTHOR(S)

O.K. Webber and D.E. Whittaker
                                                         i. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS

Pullman Kellogg
16200 Park Row,  Industrial  Park Ten
Houston, TX  77084
                                                         10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
              11
                . CONTRACT/G
                         RANT NO.
                68-02-2198
2. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
EPA,  Office of Research and Development
Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
              13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
              Final;  9/77  -  1/79
              14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
                EPA/600/13
5. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES  IERL_RTP  project officer is Robert
919/541-2160.
             A. McAllister,  Mail  Drop 61,
e. ABSTRACT The  report  synopsizes existing and proposed environmental  standards  as a
guide  for evaluating  the  efficiency of available and developing  technology  for
controlling  liquid, gaseous,  and solid wastes from coal conversion processes.
Within the U.S.,  the  Federal  (including EPA) standards and guidelines  for air, water,
and solid wastes  were gathered, together with standards for 22 states  (selected for
their  potential  in installing coal conversion facilities) and two regional  commissions
Because environmental effects can cross national borders, standards  and  guidelines
for Mexico,  the  Dominion  of Canada, two Canadian provinces, and  the  International
Joint  Commission  of U.S.  and  Canada were synopsized and added to the U.S. standards.
All standards  and guidelines  were compared; from them the most stringent standards
were summarized.   This summary, reduced as far as possible to engineering terms, can
guide  in the design of coal conversion plants on the premise that if wastes from
the conversion process steps  are treated so that the final releases  to the  environment
meet the criteria of  most stringent standards, then conversion plants  can be built
anywhere in  the  U.S., Mexico, or Canada.
                               KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
                 DESCRIPTORS
                                             b. IDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
                             . COSATI Field/Group
Pollution
Standards
Coal Gasification
Liquefaction
Coal Preparation
  Pollution Control
  Stationary  Sources
  Coal Conversion
13B
14B
13H
07D
081
18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
 Release to Public
                                             19. SECURITY CLASS (This Report)
                                             Unclassified
                             21. NO. OF PAGES
                                 265
  20. SECURITY CLASS (This page)
   Unclassified
                             22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73)
256a

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