EPA-660/2-75-008
APRIL 1975
Environmental Protection Technology Series
The Role of Trace Elements in
Management of Nuisance Growths
I
55
in
o
National Environmental Research Center
Office of Research and Development
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
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RESEARCH REPORTING SERIES
Research reports of the Office of Research and Development,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, have been grouped into
five series. These five broad categories were established to
facilitate further development and application of environmental
technology. Elimination of traditional grouping was consciously
planned to foster technology transfer and a maximum interface in
related fields. The five series are:
1. Environmental Health Effects Research
2. Environmental Protection Technology
3. Ecological Research
4. Environmental Monitoring
5. Socioeconomic Environmental Studies
This report has been assigned to the ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
TECHNOLOGY STUDIES series. This series describes research
performed to develop and demonstrate instrumentation, equipment
and methodology to repair or prevent environmental degradation from
point and non-point sources of pollution. This work provides the
new or improved technology required for the control and treatment
of pollution sources to meet environmental quality standards.
EPA REVIEW NOTICE
This report has been reviewed by the Office of Research and
Development, EPA, and approved for publication. Approval does
not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and
policies of the Environmental Protection Agency, nor does mention
of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or
recommendation for use.
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EPA-660/2-75-008
APRIL 1975
THE ROLE OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN
MANAGEMENT OF NUISANCE GROWTHS
By
Ruth Patrick, Thomas Bott, and Richard Larson
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103
Grant No. R-800731
Project 16080 FQK
Program Element 1BB045
ROAP 21-ASJ, Task 02
Project Officer
William R. Duffer
Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory
National Environmental Research Center
Post Office Box 1198
Ada, Oklahoma 74820
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
U. S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
CORVALLIS, OREGON 97330
For Sale by the National Technical Information Service
U.S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, VA 22151
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ABSTRACT
The purpose of these studies was to examine the effects of various kinds
and amounts of trace metals on the structure of algal communities and
their possible subsequent effect upon the productivity of the aquatic
ecosystem.
To carry out this program of study the following trace metals were
examined: vanadium, chromium, selenium, boron, nickel, and rubidium.
The results of these experiments indicate the concentration and form of
a trace metal may have a definite effect upon which algal species can
out-compete others. These shifts may greatly reduce the productivity
of the system as a whole. If the shift is to species which have such
lower predator pressure, large standing crops which may be nuisances
may develop.
This report was submitted in fulfillment of Grant Number R-800731 by
the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia under the sponsorship
of the Environmental Protection Agency. Work was completed as of
March 31,
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CONTENTS
Abstract H
List of Figures iv
List of Tables vi
Acknowledgements viii
Sections
I Conclusions 1
II Recommendations 6
III Introduction 7
IV Literature Review 9
V Methods and Procedures 15
VI Discussion of Results 26
VII References 71
VIII Appendices
A. Observational Notes - Tables 74
B. Charts of Chemical and Physical Data - Tables 107
C. Determination of Selenium Compound in Algal 242
Biomass
iii
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LIST OF FIGURES
Plate 1
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Plate
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Plate
1.
2.
3.
k.
5.
6.
7.
8.
2
1.
2.
3-
k.
5.
6.
7.
8.
3
Vanadium,
Vanadium,
(O.D.) (
Vanadium,
Vanadium,
Vanadium,
Vanadium,
Vanadium,
Vanadium,
Vanadium,
Vanadium,
Vanadium,
Chromium,
Chromium,
Chromium,
Chromium,
Chromium,
accumulation
phycocyanin
(July-August)
phycocyanin
accumulation
'^C uptake -
ug/gm (July-August)
in optical density units
Plate k
Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. k.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8.
Selenium,
Selenium,
Selenium,
Selenium,
Selenium,
Selenium,
Selenium,
Selenium,
in O.D. units (Sept.-Oct.
ug/gm (Sept.-Oct.)
% of control (Sept.-Oct.
in O.D. units (Nov.-Dec.)
% of control (Nov.-Dec.)
accumulation ug/gm (Nov.-Dec.)
phycocyamn
^r uptake -
33
Chromium 0.4 mg/1.
dominating flora.
phycocyanin in O.D. units (Feb.-March)
'^C up take - % of control (Feb.-March)
accumulation ug/gm (Feb.-March)
phycocyanin in O.D. units (Mar.-April)
accumulation ug/gm (March-April)
jC uptake - % of control (March-April)
l/*C uptake - % of control (May)
accumulation ug/gm (May)
Blue-green algae, Microcoleus vaqinatus.
^C uptake - % of control (Sept.-Oct.)
chlorophyll a/c ratio (Sept.-Oct.)
accumulation ug/gm (Sept.-Oct.)
accumulation ug/gm (Nov.-Dec.)
l^C uptake - % of control (Nov.-Dec.)
chlorophyll a/c ratio (Nov.-Dec.)
IHC uptake - % of control (April-May)
phycocyanin ug/1.5 sq. inches (April-May)
IV
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Plate 5
Page
Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. *t.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8.
Plate 6
Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3-
Plate 7
Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8.
Fig. 9.
Plate 8
Fig.
Fig.
1
Selenium, phycocyanin ug/3 sq. inches (June-July)
Selenium, '^C uptake - % of control (June-July)
Boron, phycocyanin in O.D. units (Sept.-Nov.)
Boron, phycocyanin in O.D. units (June-Aug.)
Nickel, phycocyanin in O.D.
Nickel, phycocyanin in O.D.
Nickel, phycocyanin in O.D.
units (Mar.-April)
units (May-June)
units (Nov.-Dec.)
Fig. 3-
Nickel, accumulation ug/gm (Nov.-Dec.)
Control for boron experiments. Diatoms, Achnanthes
lanceolata. dominating flora.
Boron, lmg/1. Unicellular blue-green algae
dominating algal flora.
Boron, lmg/1. Blue-green algae, Schizothrix
calcicola. dominating flora.
Nickel, llfC uptake - % of control (Nov.-Dec.)
Nickel, accumulation ug/gm (Feb.-March)
Nickel, ]/*C uptake - % of control (Feb.-March)
Nickel, phycocyanin in O.D. units (Feb.-March)
Rubidium, phycocyanin in O.D. units (June-July)
Rubidium, '\ uptake - % of control (June-July)
Rubidium, accumulation ug/gm (June-July,)
Rubidium, ^C uptake - % of control (July-Aug.)
Rubidium, accumulation ug/gm (July-Aug.)
Control for the nickel experiments, showing
dominance of diatoms.
Nickel 5«9 ug/1. Blue-green algae, Microcoleus
vaqinatus, dominant
Nickel 36.5 ug/1. Blue-green algae, Microcoleus
vaqinatus, Schizothrix calcicola. and Achnanthes
lanceolata
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LIST OF TABLES
No.
Observational Notes
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
Vanadium,
Vanadium,
Vanadium,
Vanadium,
Chromium,
Chromium,
Chromium,
Chromium,
Selenite,
Sel eni te,
Selenium,
Selenium,
Boron, Ma
Boron, Ju
Boron, Se
Nickel, M
Nickel, M
Nickel, N
Nickel, F
Nickel, J
Rubidium,
Rubidium,
July 22-August 12, 1971
September 11-October 11, 1971
November 5-December 12, 1971
February 1-March 11, 1972
March 3-April 27, 1972
May 11-May 26, 1972
June 30-July 21, 1972
July 28-August 17, 1972
September 20-October 20, 1972
November 9-December 4, 1972
April 3-May 11, 1972
June 15-July 3, 1973
' 20-June }$, 1970
June 26-August 6, 1970
September 24-November 4, 1970
March 29-April 29, 1971
22-July 13, 1971
November 5-December 12, 1971
February 1-March 11, 1972
July 20-August 20, 1973
June 30-July 18, 1972
July 28-August 17, 1972
Chemical and Physical Analyses
30.
38.
42.
48.
56.
64.
23-
31-
39-
43-
49-
57-
65- 67.
68- 77.
78- 85.
86- 92.
93- 99.
100-103-
104-107-
108-111.
112-113.
114-116.
Vanadium,
Vanadium,
Vanadium,
Vanadium,
Chromium,
Chromium,
Chromium,
Selenium-Selertite,
Sel enium-Sel em" te,
Seleni um-Seleni te,
Selenium-Seleni te,
Boron, May 20-June
July 22-August 12, 1971
September 12-October 11, 1971
November 5-December 12, 1971
February 1-March 11, 1972
March 27 -April 27, 1972
May 11-May 26, 1972
June 30-July 21, 1972
September 20-October 20, 1972
November 9-December 4, 1972
selenate, April 3-May 11, 1973
selenate, June 15-July 3, 1973
13, 1970
Boron, June 26-August 6, 1970
Boron, September 24-November 4,
1970
Boron, December 75, 1970-February 9, 1971
Boron, July 20-August 20, 1973
74
75
77
78
79
81
83
84
85
87
89
91
93
94
95
96
98
100
101
102
104
105
107
115
123
127
133
141
149
152
162
170
177
184
188
192
196
198
VI
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No.
117-124. Nickel, March 29-April 29, 1971
125-132. Nickel, May 22-July 31, 1971
133-136. Nickel, November 5-December 12, 1971
137-1^0. Nickel, February 1-March 11, 1972
141-145. Nickel, July 20-August 20, 1973
146-150. Rubidium, June 30-July 18, 1972
151-157. Rubidium, July 28-August 17, 1972
201
209
217
221
225
230
235-241
vn
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This program of research was made possible by grant R-800731 from the
Environmental Protection Agency. The work was carried out by Ruth
Patrick, Ph.D.; assisted by John Coles, chemist; Noma Bohlen, biologist;
Jean Peirson, assistant chemist; William Shaw, mechanic and electrician;
and several technical assistants. Thomas Bott, Ph.D., carried out the
primary productivity studies, and Richard Larson, Ph.D., supervised some
of the chemical analyses and pigment determinations. The photographs
were made by Dr. Heinz Koerner, and the graphs were drawn by Mrs. Sue
Yong.
This research program was carried out at the Stroud Water Research
Center of the Academy of Natural Sciences.
The authors wish to especially thank Dr. William R. Duffer for his help
in the supervision of this project.
vm
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SECTION I
CONCLUSIONS
A review of the literature shows that various concentrations of trace
metals greatly influence the growth of various species of algae in
laboratory experiments. For example, Arnon and Wessel1 found that vana-
dium improved the growth rate of Scenedesmus. The addition of 20 micro-
grams per liter (ug/1) of vanadium increased the dry weight of this alga
almost four-fold. However, vanadium has not been found to be an essen-
tial trace element for Nostoc muscorum. Calothrix parietina. or Anabaena
cvlindrica (Holm-Hansen2, Allen^). Gerloff** has found that boron in
concentrations of 0.27 milligrams per liter (mg/1) favored the growth
of Calothrix parietina and Nostoc muscorum. The growth rate of Chlor-
el1 a vancel1i was reduced in a concentration of 50 mg/1, and Drapanaldia
plumosa and Stiqeoclonium tenua were not stimulated by the addition of
0.27 mg/1. Experiments with nickel indicate that the anion with which
it is associated seems to have an effect on its toxicity. Scenedesmus
sp. had a threshold toxicity of 0.09 mg/1 if nickel was in the form of
nickel ammonium sulfate, whereas nickel chloride was less toxic with a
threshold concentration of 1.5 mg/1.
The importance of the form and concentrations of various trace metals
in influencing the occurrence of certain species of algae and the re-
sulting effect on the structure and productivity of the aquatic eco-
systems has not been previously researched. The literature clearly
indicates that various organisms have various algal food preferences.
1
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For example, diatoms and various unicellular algae are often the pre-
ferred food of invertebrates and vertebrates such as mayflies, caddis-
flies, and various kinds of fish. In contrast, blue-green algae and
various kinds of filamentous green algae are less desirable food sources.
The experiments described in this report clearly indicate the importance
of trace metals in causing shifts from diatom-dominated to blue-green
dominated communities. For example, vanadium in concentrations up to
approximately 20 ug/1 seemed to favor diatom growth. Above this con-
centration vanadium was not as favorable for diatom growth, and other
kinds of algaeparticularly some of the filamentous greens and blue-
greensincreased. At approximately 4 mg/1 blue-green algae were able
to out-compete diatoms. This shift in the effect of vanadium on the
growth of diatoms seemed to be correlated with the accumulation of vana-
dium within the biomass.
Similar results were seen in our study of chromium; at 40 to 50 ug/1
the diatoms remained dominant throughout the experiments and the diver-
sity was high. At average concentrations of 95-97 ug/1 the diatom
diversity was reduced although the diatoms remained dominant; whereas
at average concentrations of 397 ug/1 diatoms were completely replaced
by blue-green algae and Stiqeoclonium lubricum.
In the boron experiments a shift from the diatom-dominated communities
to ones in which blue-greens became more common occurred as concentra-
tions approach 1 mg/1 which is somewhat higher than the 0.37 mg/1 which
2
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Gerloff and Eyster found to increase blue-green algal growth. Nickel
at all concentrations was unfavorable to the growth of diatoms, whereas
green algae such as Stiqeoclonium lubricum. which is known to tolerate
heavy metals, and certain of the blue-green algae increased. Thus it
is evident from these experiments that in most cases certain species of
blue-greens and the green alga Stiqeoclonium lubricum seemed to be more
tolerant than diatoms of trace metals.
In the many river surveys carried out by the Academy of Natural Sciences,
it has been observed that Stiqeoclonium lubricum would often develop
fairly large populations under conditions of low toxicity where other
algae could not grow.
In other experiments it was the form of the trace metal that was more
toxic to one group of algae than another. This was illustrated in the
case of selenium wherein it has been demonstrated by Kumar and Prakash^
that selenate is less toxic than selenite to blue-green algae. In
contrast, our experiments showed that selenate at all concentrations
tested was detrimental to diatom growth, but selenite at concentrations
of 1-10 mg/1 was stimulating to diatom growth and at high concentrations
became detrimental. Thus in considering the effects of trace metals one
has to consider not only the element but the form that it is in.
In many cases it would appear that the effect of these trace metals on
diatom growth is somewhat toxic, whereas often blue-green algae and in
a few cases Stiqeoclonium lubricum were not adversely affected as their
3
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growth increased. In a few cases such as vanadium and selenite at low
concentrations diatoms seemed to be stimulated by the presence of these
trace metals. The physiological role that these metals play is not well
understood and needs further research.
The results of these experiments seemed to indicate that the amount of
a given trace element that is accumulated within the cells was often a
more important determining factor as to whether or not the diatoms were
adversely affected than was the concentration within the water in which
the diatoms were living. In most cases the concentration in the water
was correlated with the amount accumulated. However, environmental con-
ditions and the condition of the algal cells sometimes affected these
correlations. For example, environmental factors such as temperature
and day length, if favorable for diatom growth, seemed to have a definite
effect on whether the diatoms divided and thus have an effect upon the
accumulation of the trace metal per cell. When the diatoms were rapid-
ly dividing the amount per cell accumulated was less and as a result,
although there might be more trace metal accumulated in the biomass, the
amount of micrograms per gram (ug/gm) of biomass is less.
These experiments also indicated that one of the first signs of adverse
effects of a trace metal upon the diatoms was the amount of C accumu-
lated per microgram of chlorophyll g. It would appear that in many
cases there was a,threshold amount of trace metal accumulated above
which the 1 C uptake was reduced. It also appeared that the amount of
reduction might be affected by other density independent factors.
k
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It is evident from these experiments that trace metals may have a pro-
found effect on the diversity of the food web and the transfer of
nutrients through it. Although nitrogen, phosphorus, carbon, etc.,
are very important in the formation and in the increase of protoplasm,
it is the concentration and forms of various trace elements that are
important in determining what algae utilize these nutrients.
Furthermore, invertebrates and fish have various species of algae as
preferred food. For example, few invertebrates and fish prefer blue-
green algae and many kinds of filamentous green algae. The preferred
algal species are diatoms and some unicellular green algae. Among
these groups some species are more preferred than others.
The concentrations and kinds of trace metals that favor blue-green algae
and certain filamentous green algae bring about large standing crops
which have very little predator pressure and may become nuisance growths.
To recycle the nutrients tied up in these species, decomposition must
take place. Entropy in the system is increased and diversity is re-
duced. The system is simplified as the higher stages of the food web
cannot be maintained by the transfer of nutrients to the herbivores.
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SECTION II
RECOMMENDATIONS
The results of these studies would indicate that in considering the
occurrence of nuisance growths within the aquatic ecosystem considerable
attention should be paid to what are the factors which influence the
kinds and concentrations of various trace metals. For example, 1-10
parts per million of selenium as selenite and a few micrograms of vana-
dium will favor diatom growth. Larger concentrations of vanadium (k
mg/1) and of chromium (0.4 mg/1) may be deleterious to diatom growth and
may favor the development of blue-green algae.
In the management of our streams attention should be given to the proper
mix of trace metals present in order to maintain the species with high
predator pressure that will increase the nutrients flowing through the
food web, and result in higher productivity of fish rather than in the
production of nuisance growths. Factors which tend to precipitate out
and make unavailable the trace metals may be in some cases as deleteri-
ous as those factors which increase their concentrations in the system.
Stream management which is necessary to maintain normally functioning
streams in areas of high usage should include the control of proper con-
centrations of trace metals.
Further research is needed to understand just how these elements function
within the algal species and what mixtures of them are most important
for supporting desirable algal species under varying "density independent"
factors.
6
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SECTION III
INTRODUCTION
During recent years there has been considerable interest in the eutro-
phication of surface waters or what causes the large growths of algae
and rooted aquatic plants. This growth has been attributed to the
supplying of one or more limiting chemicals to the water which contain
the other nutrients necessary for growth. In fresh waters phosphorus
often has seemed to be the limiting element, whereas in brackish or sea
water nitrogen is often the limiting element.
Most people have attributed these large increases in standing crop to
nutrient enrichment. Few have discussed the role of predator pressure
in greatly reduced standing crops, or in the absence of predators the
accumulation of large standing crops. Patrick7 conducted a series of
experiments on diatom communities. In these experiments various forms
of nitrogen and phosphorus as phosphate were used. Various concentra-
tions and various ratios of these elements were tested. Although the
diatom growth was increased in some tests, there was not a shift from
diatom-dominated communities to those dominated by filamentous greens or
blue-greens.
Many papers have shown that certain trace elements may increase or de-
crease the production of certain algal species. These results led to
the posing of the question, could increasing or decreasing the amount of
certain trace elements cause a shift in the species composing a community
7
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of diatoms which are species subjected to high predator pressure to
filamentous greens or blue-green algae which have low predator pressure.
To test this hypothesis a series of experiments was designed to deter-
mine the effects of varying concentrations of boron, nickel, vanadium,
chromium, rubidium, and selenium on the structure of algal communities.
8
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SECTION IV
LITERATURE REVIEW
An examination of the literature shows that various forms and concentra-
tions of trace elements may have a profound effect upon the growth of
various species of algae.
BORON
The effect of boron on algal growth seems to vary with the species and
perhaps with the race or variety of the species tested. The method of
experimentation may also be the cause of some difference in results.
Gerloff^ reports that the growth of Calothrix parietina (a nitrogen fix-
er) is increased when 0.27 mg/1 of boron is added to the nutrient solu-
tion. The boron within the cells increased from 2.35 ug/gm to 255 ug/gm.
He further reports that an increase in growth and a deepening color was
produced in Nostoc muscbrum when grown in a nutrient solution containing
0.27 mg/1 boron. The boron in the cells increased from 0.92 ug/gm in
the boron-free media to 25 ug/gm in the boron-added media. Eyster5 re-
ports that 9 x 10~5 M boron (about 0.1 mg/1) is optimum for this species.
Anabaena cylindrica (a nitrogen fixer) and Microcystis aeruqinosa (a
non-nitrogen fixer) did not show significant improvement in growth.
The growth of green algae does not seem to be greatly improved by the
addition of boron. Several studies have been done on Chlorella with
conflicting results (Mcllrath & SkokS; McBride, .et a]_.9). Bowen, et al JO
found that 50 mg/1 of boron significantly reduced the growth rate of
9
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Chlorella vancelli. Gerloff^ reports that Draparnaldia plumosa and
Stiqeoclorn'urn tenua were not stimulated by the addition of 0.27 mg/1 of
boron. Lewin11 postulated that boron is essential for all fresh and
saltwater diatoms and that freshwater diatoms have a lower requirement
than marine ones. She found that a maximum growth of Cylindrotheca
fusiformis was supported by 0.5 mg/1 boron, that up to 40 mg/1 was not
inhibitory, but 80 mg/1 produced some inhibition. There seemed to be
some correlation between the concentration of silicates and boron re-
quired for growth.
CHROMIUM
The importance of chromium to aquatic life in minute concentrations has
occasionally been investigated. The research on this element is far
1 ?
less than that on boron. Mertz stated that the data from the U.S.
Geological Survey indicates that in a study of 15 rivers in North
America the chromium content varied from less than 0.7 ug/1 in the
Sacramento River to 8k ug/1 in the Mississippi River. In the Missis-
sippi, samples taken a year apart varied thirty-fold.
Trivalent chromium seemed to stimulate enzymatic activity. It has been
reported to stimulate oxygen consumption in a succinic-cytochrome dehy-
drogenase system. The enzyme phosphoglucomutase, which has an important
function in the early steps of glucose metabolism, has a chromium re-
quirement.
The data on the effect of plants are very limited. When chromic sul-
fate was applied to grape vines (bushes) the yield of grapes increased
10
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and the sugar content increased 23 percent (Mertz12). The alga Stiqeo-
clonium sp. in the Columbia River, has been shown to concentrate chrom-
ium 4,000 times the concentration in the river water, but the effect on
the algae was not determined
The threshold toxicity for trivalent chromium was 5 mg/1 for Scenedesmus
(Bringmann and Kuhn^). Hexavalent chromium (Clendenning and North'5)
affected the photosynthetic rate in the giant kelp (Macrocvstis pyrifera)
10 to 20 percent after 5 days' exposure and 20 to 30 percent after 7 to 9
days' exposure at 1 mg/1 of chromium.
There is evidence that chromium and manganese at concentrations of 3 ppm
have a synergistic effect and stimulate spore production in bacteria
(Mertz12). However, 1 ppm of di chroma te was toxic to Staphylococcus
aureus. These data indicate that the valent form of chromate has various
effects and that species vary in their reaction to different concentra-
tions of chromium. Chromium has been reported to stimulate the fermenta-
tion in yeast in concentrations of 150 ppm or more. The addition of glu-
cost seems to stimulate the incorporation of chromium (0.0001 to 1 ppm)
in brewers yeast cells (Mertz12).
N I CKEL
There seems to be very little data concerning the effect of nickel on
algal growth. Bringmann and Kuhn^ found that threshold toxicity of
Scenedesmus sp. was 0.09 mg/1 of nickel ammonium sulfate (NiSOif(NH/t)2SOif.
6H20). They found that nickel chloride was less toxic, the threshold
concentration being 1.5 mg/1 for Scenedesmus sp.
11
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RUBIDIUM
Very little research has been done on the effect of rubidium on algae.
Zajic^S sets forth the results of experiments of Bertrand and Bertrand.
Chiorel1 a pyrenoidosa has been shown to selectively absorb rubidium over
potassium and sodium. Baum and O'Kelley'^ investigated the ability of 21
species of algae to substitute rubidium for potassium. They found that
11 species did not utilize rubidium when substituted for potassium in
the medium, two species were strongly inhibited by rubidium, and six
species partially utilized rubidium when substituted for potassium. Of
these, Chlamvdomonas reinhardtii responded best. The only difference
was that the motility of cells was impaired when rubidium was substi-
tuted for potassium. Bringmann and Kuhn'^ found that 14 mg/1 of rubid-
ium added as rubidium chloride were toxic to Scenedesmus.
SELENIUM
The effect of selenium on organisms seems to vary depending on its con-
centration and whether it is in the form of selenite or selenate. Vari-
ous higher plants may accumulate considerable amounts of selenium where-
as other plants accumulate very little. In non-accumulator species over
half of the selenium is in the form of selenomethionine (Butler and
Peterson1'). In accumulator species selenocystathionine and selenium-
methyl selenocysteine are the major compounds.
Not very much is known about the action of selenium compounds on algae.
However, selenium affects algae in various ways. Kumar and Prakash^
found that selenite at various concentrations was more toxic than
12
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selenate to Anacvstis nidulans and Anabaena variabilis. Of the two blue-
greens, £u variabilis was more sensitive than A. m'dulans to both forms
of selenium. Experiments were carried out in liquid cultures with and
without sulfur added, and in plate cultures with sulfur added. /\. m'du-
lans is three times more tolerant to selenite and selenate killing than
is A. variabilis. The addition of sulfur seems to in part counteract
the deleterious effect of selenium.
The effects of selenium in dying cells were to repress cell division,
bleach photosynthetic pigments, and increase vacuole formation; and
granules became evident in the cytoplasm. Recent work indicates that
selenite may oxidize sulphydryl enzymes in the absence of sulfur.
Experiments as to the effect of selenium on Chlorella vulqaris were
I Q
carried out by Schrift °. He found that 2.5 ppm of selenate with 10 ppm
of sulfur was only slightly inhibitory to cell division, whereas 10 ppm
of selenate plus 10 ppm of sulfur reduced cell division rates 58 percent.
Bringmann and Kuhn have found that Scenedesmus exposed at 24°C for four
days to 2.5 mg/1 selenium as sodium selenite was at a medium threshold
level of toxicity.
VANADIUM
In algae, the requirement for vanadium seems to be variable. Holm-Hansen2
did not find it an essential trace element for Nostoc muscorum or for
Calothrix parietina. This conclusion as to its importance for blue-green
algae is supported by the work of Allen' on Anabaena cylindrica. How-
13
-------
ever, Arnon and Wessel1 found that the growth rate of Scenedesmus was
greatly improved with the addition of 10-100 mg/1 of vanadium. There
was evidence that vanadium affected the amount of chlorophyll present
but the effects were not as definite as they were in the case of
molybdenum. Gerlofr* states that Chlorella does not require vanadium.
-------
SECTION V
METHODS AND PROCEDURES
The purpose of these experiments was to study natural diatom-dominated
algal communities under as nearly natural conditions as possible. In
order to carry out these experiments, a set-up had to be devised in which
a series of very similar algal communities could be developed in differ-
ent test chambers. These communities were mainly diatoms but a few green
algae and blue-green algal species with relatively small populations were
usually present. The light, temperature, and invasion rate of the dia-
toms must be the same or very similar. This system has been previously
devised and described by Patrick'9.
The biomass determinations and accumulation of metals determinations were
the same throughout the experiments. The phycocyanin determinations in
the beginning of the experiments had many problems in pigment extraction
from the very small filaments and with interference of other pigments.
Therefore the pattern of change is important rather than absolute values.
In the later experiments phycocyanin was determined as micrograms per a
unit of area or weight of biomass, and degrees of change are more re-
liably estimated.
In this particular series of experiments two types of procedures were
used. In the first type the seeding or establishing of diatom communi-
ties was done using a continual flow of new stream water. After the
diatom communities were established on the slides, which usually took
from ten days to two weeks during the period from March to November and
15
-------
usually three to four weeks from the period November to early March, they
were exposed to a given chemical. Often duplicate containers received
the same amount of the same chemical. In other cases, each box received
a different concentration. One or two controls were always runthat is,
boxes that received no chemicals. During the test period the chemical in
a fairly concentrated amount was metered into a mixing chamber to which
was added dilution water at a rate approximating one-third to one-half
foot per secondusually nearer one-half foot per second. Flow was kept
constant during the experiments so that the concentration of the chemical
would be as nearly constant as possible. This mixture, after being thor-
oughly mixed with a high degree of dilution, was then circulated through
the boxes containing the diatom communities.
In the second series of experiments where much lower concentrations of
chemicals were under test or where given concentrations of a chemical were
extremely hard to maintain, recycling of the water was necessary. In such
cases the seeding of the experiment, as in the first procedure, was car-
ried out using a continual flow of new stream water through the boxes un-
til the diatom communities were well established. Once this was done the
system was closed and the water was recycled through the boxes. However,
1.5 liters per hour (1/hr) of new water was added which had been care-
fully filtered to remove most of the diatoms. It was impossible to re-
move all of them. This was done so that most of the diatoms in the experi-
ment were only those that had been continually exposed to the concentra-
tion under test. It was found necessary to add this new water because
no one has been able to maintain a mixed diatom community composed of a
16
-------
great many species over a long period of time in a synthetic medium.
The water added to each container was taken from the same larger con-
tainer so that the same type of water was always added. This addition
of new water caused a complete replacement of water in the system every
two days.
The pH and temperature were continually recorded during the test. The
pH and temperature recorders were checked each day for accuracy. The
regime for testing the other chemicals is set forth in the accompanying
tables. It was found in previous experiments that the concentration of
certain chemicals such as calcium, magnesium, sulfate, chloride, sodium,
and potassium varied little during the course of the tests. For these
reasons they were not frequently tested. The chemical under test was
tested at least five days out of each week, but in some cases where con-
centrations were hard to maintain, dailyor even more frequent than daily-
determinations were made. Other chemicals varied in their frequency of
testing. Those more frequently tested were nitrates, phosphates, silica,
manganese, and iron. It was found that ammonia was usually present in
extremely small concentrations and did not vary as much as nitrates.
For this reason it was not tested as frequently. Atomic absorption
methods were used for determining the concentrations of metals. Since
it has been established (Patrick, Crum and Coles20) that low amounts of
manganese may favor the development of blue-green algae in the White
Clay Creek where these experiments were carried out, it was deemed wise
to test this element very frequently to make sure that it was maintained
at a concentration that would not favor the development of blue-green
algae.
17
-------
During the course of these tests observations were made of the condition
of the algae and associated organisms at frequent intervals. All slides
in every box were examined at the end of the seeding period to make sure
that the relative abundance of diatoms to greens and blue-greens was simi-
lar. During the course of the test, often twice a week but at least once
a week, the slides were examined microscopically to determine what were
the shifts in composition of the algal flora. Thorough examinations were
made at least three times during the experiment (Tables 1-22). Observa-
tions were also made on protozoa and other microscopic animals that were
present. These observations are not herein recorded except when some-
thing exceptional was noted.
In these experiments it was found that a fairly large predator pressure
might develop on the algal communities. This predator pressure was main-
ly that of aquatic insect larvae. For these reasons daily, or almost
daily (the frequency depending upon the abundance of the insect larvae),
the slides were carefully examined under a microscope and all predators
removed. It was, of course, impossible to remove the protozoan predators.
These were carefully observed as to what they were eating. In most cases
the protozoans that developed on the slides were largely bacterial feed-
ers. However, in the case of some of the ones that were predators on
diatoms the kinds of diatoms they were eating were noted. At the end of
the experiment as set forth below, the biomass, the primary production,
and the pigment of the algae were recorded. In cases where a diatom com-
munity was present at the end of the experiment and consisted of a fairly
large number of species, diversity studies were made. However, in other
18
-------
cases where the community was taken over by other forms of algae .such as
species of blue-greens, it was not necessary to make such studies as the
diatom community was absent or present only to a limited degree.
PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY - ]\ UPTAKE
'^C determinations were carried out on all experiments except boron.
These facilities were not available when that series of concentrations
was tested. Experiments with chromium, rubidium, and selenium were con-
ducted in the following manner.
A single slide was selected from each test unit for determining the
amount of primary productivity. The community on one side was removed
and placed in a petri dish with 35 milliliters (ml) of water from the
test system for dark incubation. The community still intact on the other
side was placed in a second petri dish with 35 ml water from the system.
Isotope (NaH^COj, New England Nuclear, Boston, Mass., sp. act. 8.4 mCi
mM~1) was added to each dish to provide a final concentration of 1 uCi
in 35 ml. The sample for dark incubation was covered immediately with
aluminum foil. Incubation was conducted for 1 to 2 hours around solar
noon under naturally occurring temperature and light conditions. Incor-
poration was terminated by adding 1 ml of 37 percent formaldehyde.
A sample (10 ml) of the water from the sample incubated in the light was
taken; membrane filtered (0.45 u pore size, Millipore Corp., Bedford,
Mass., at 0.5 atm.), acidified with 0.5 ml 0.5 N HC1 to pH 3.0, bubbled
for 30 minutes to drive off unincorporated bicarbonate, and neutralized
with 0.5 ml 5 N NaOH. The '^C remaining in the water as organic material
19
-------
excreted by the algae was determined by liquid scintillation counting of
a 3 ml subsample in a toluene-Omnifluor (New England Nuclear, Boston,
Mass.)-Triton X (Beckman Instruments, Fullerton, Calif.) cocktail.
Water samples were counted with 89 percent efficiency.
The biomass was scraped from the slide used for light incubation. The
algae and water for each light and dark incubation were transferred to
individual 50 ml plastic test tubes and centrifuged at 12,000 x gravity
for 10 minutes at 4°C. The pellet was resuspended in 0.1 M phosphate
buffer (pH 7.0} and brought to a final volume of 5 ml after which it was
homogenized briefly with a teflon homogenizing pestle driven by a stir-
ring motor. Five 0.25 ml amounts were removed, membrane filtered at 0.5
atmospheric pressure, and washed with successive rinses of distilled
water. The filters were air dried, exposed to fumes of concentrated HC1
to remove any adsorbed radioactivity. Incorporated radioactivity was
determined by liquid scintillation counting after combusting the samples
in a sample oxidizer (Packard Instruments, Naperville, 111.) and-col-
lect ing the C02 from combustion as a carbamate compound. These sam-
ples were counted with 62 percent efficiency.
Five 0.5 ml aliquots from each homogenized community were transferred to
test tubes and 7.0 ml acetone (made basic with the addition of a pinch of
CaCO,) was added. The chlorophyll a content was determined after over-
night extraction at refrigerated temperatures. The samples were centri-
fuged to pelletize the algal eel Is'and the chlorophyll was determined
from optical density readings before and after acidification to correct
for phaeophytin content according to the method of Lorenzen2'.
20
-------
Experiments with vanadium and nickel were conducted as follows: A por-
tion of the biomass on each slide was removed and homogenized briefly in
a small volume of water from that test system. A small volume (0.2-0.5 ml)
was transferred to a vial (5 ml capacity) and k.O ml water from the test
system was added. Isotope was added to provide a final concentration of
0.05 uCi ml . Duplicate or triplicate samples were incubated exposed to
light and a single vial was covered with aluminum foil to provide a meas-
ure of dark adsorption. All incubations were again conducted under ambi-
ent light and temperature conditions for two hours about solar noon.
Incorporation was stopped with the addition of 0.2 ml formaldehyde after
which the algae were recovered by membrane filtration and the filters
treated as described. The filtrate was treated as described above and
chlorophyll determinations were made as described but using 0.2 ml ali-
quots and without phaeophytin correction.
Data Processing
The values for the five replicate chlorophyll a determinations for each
light or dark incubation were averaged and reported as ug chlorophyll a
14
for the algae on one side of a slide. Similarly, the DPM C incorpor-
ated for the five replicate filtered subsamples were averaged for each
incubation. Considerable variability in raw data was generally en-
countered. The standard deviation was greater when the mean was low.
The DPM excreted were determined. The value for incorporated radioactiv-
ity was normalized by dividing by ug chlorophyll a. The normalized value
for each dark incubation was subtracted from the normalized data for each
21
-------
corresponding light incubation to correct for adsorbed radioactivity.
The proportion of 14C excreted (TET^- 1/+C ex^ret?L - i> was
IHC incorporated + IHC excreted
determined and the ratio was used to adjust the dark bottle corrected
data for excreted carbon.
ALGAL PIGMENT EXTRACTION
Chlorophyl Is
Extraction -
One-third of one side of each slide was scraped into an aluminum foil
dish. Adhering water was removed by absorbing it onto a wick made from
a piece of Whatman #3 filter paper.
The residues were transferred to 25 or 50 ml flasks, and extracted with
k.Q ml of 80 percent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) with shaking on the wrist-
action shaker. The yellowish extract was filtered slowly (no more than
two inches of mercury on the vacuum pump dial) through paper into side-
arm test tubes. The tube funnel was angled so that no solution went into
the vacuum line. An attempt was made to try to get as much as possible
of the algal suspension on the filter paper and avoid spilling it around
the edges. Pasteur pipets and spatulas were used to get out the last
traces of material (Seely, Duncan, and Vidaver^).
The filtrate in the filter tubes was saved (stoppered) for later analysis
on the Beckman spectrophotometer as this extract contained most of the
chlorophyll c (which is produced only by diatoms).
The residue on the paper was extracted as before with k.O ml of acetone,
and shaken (paper and all) for fifteen minutes on the shaker in stoppered
22
-------
flasks. The stoppers were covered with aluminum foil.
The samples were filtered as before, using a weak vacuum, being careful
not to leave the tube under the vacuum any longer than necessary to
keep down loss of acetone. The green extract was reserved in stoppered
tubes for analysis of chlorophyll (produced by all algae).
Q
Analysis -
A Beckman DBGT spectrophotometer was used for chlorophyll c analysis at
570 and 630 nanometers (nm) with an 80 percent DMSO blank. The spectrum
of each DMSO extract was run from 750 down to 550 nm, using the 0-1 A
scale. The sample curvette was rinsed and dried with acetone between
samples. The concentration of chlorophylls was computed (Jeffrey**).
The same procedure was used for the chlorophyll a-rich extracts, except
using acetone to zero initially. The concentration of chlorophyll a was
computed using the previous equation.
The a/c ratio was determined by adding the two concentrations of chloro-
phyll in the two extracts and dividing by the chlorophyll c concentra-
tion in the DMSO extract. A low ratio (8 or less) indicates a high pro-
portion of diatoms; pure cultures of marine diatoms average a ratio of k.
Phycocyanins
Extraction -
The algal community was scraped from one side of a slide as before. Ex-
cess water was removed and the cells were suspended in 8 ml of 0.005 M,
pH 6 phosphate buffer. The suspension was sonicated in a stirred ice
23
-------
bath in the dark to prevent photo-oxidation for 12 minutes, and centri-
fuged at 12,000 rpm for 15 minutes.
Column Chromatoqraphy -
The columns were prepared in 25 ml burets. A glass wool pad was put on
the bottom and Bio-Gel HT hydroxyapatite added from a well-shaken sus-
pension until the column was about 40 mm high. The column was then
rinsed with 10 ml of 0.005 M phosphate buffer, then the sonicate was
added using a Pasteur pipet, taking care to disturb the top of the
column as little as possible. The sonicate was allowed to run through,
using a slight vacuum; the solution was discarded. A new collection
vessel was then used, 0.25 M, phosphate buffer was carefully added, and
the column was run until 7 to 9 ml of concentrated buffer had been col-
lected or until all visible blue color was completely removed. The
spectrum was run on this fraction (Swingle and Tiselius2^).
Analysis -
The absorption spectrum was run on the Beckman from 750 to 500 nm. The
0-1 scale was used if much color was present; otherwise, the 10-milli-
volt recorder scale was used to enlarge the phycocyam'n peak, which
appeared at 620 nm.
The concentration of phycocyanin in mg/1 (ug/ml) was determined by
multiplying (OD62o-°D75o) by 129- Multiplying this figure by the number
of ml collected gave the number of micrograms of phycocyanin on the
area of the slide scraped originally (Troxler and Lester2^).
2k
-------
Biomass Determinations
The growth from one side of a slide was carefully scraped and placed in
a crucible weighed according to quantitative analytical procedures. It
was then dried to constant weight at 103°C. The total solid weight was
then determined. The crucible was then heated to 600°C and dried to
constant weight in order to remove the volatile solids.
Extraction of Metals
The extraction of the metals accumulated in the algal biomass was carried
out according to the methods described by Slavin^. The determinations
were made using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
Introduction of Chemicals
The chemicals studied were: vanadium as vanadium chloride, chromate as
potassium dichrornate, selenate as sodium selenate, selenite as selenious
acid, boron as boric acid, nickel as nickel nitrate, and rubidium as
rubidium carbonate.
25
-------
SECTION VI
DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
These experiments were carried put under as near natural conditions as
possible and at various seasons of the year in order to determine ,the
effects of various metals on the algal composition of natural communi-
ties. Particular interest was in the question as to how various kinds
and amounts of these metals might affect shifts in species composition
of diatom-dominated communities.
In order to determine how variations in natural conditions might influ-
ence the effects of a given metal, these experiments were carried out at
different times of the year. An effort was made to keep all chemical
and physical characteristics of the water in similar concentrations or
quantities in all test boxes except for the chemical being tested. In
order to do this the various characteristics were frequently monitored.
Temperature and pH were in most cases continually monitored.
It was realized that no one has been able to keep a highly species-
diversified flora of diatoms in synthetic water more than about a
week. Therefore, natural water was used and about 1.5 1/hr of new
filtered natural water was added to all tests to supply unrecognized
trace substances found in natural conditions.
VANADIUM
Vanadium experiments were carried out as follows: July 22-August 12,
1971; September 11-October 11, 19715 November 5-December 12, 1971; and
26
-------
February 1-March 11, 1972.
The greatest background data differences in these experiments were in
temperature and day length. The July-August and September-October tem-
peratures were quite similar, averages varying from 14.2°C to 16.0°C.
In the November-December experiments the temperatures were maintained
higher, averages varying from 19.5°C to 21.27°C, and in February-March
the averages varied from 18.61°C to 18.94°C. The average day lengths
in the November-December experiments were 9 hours and 47 minutes, and
in the February-March experiments, 10 hours and 55 minutes. The
July-August experiments had an average day length of 14 hours and 11
minutes, and the October-November experiments had an average day length
of 11 hours and 59 minutes (Tables 23-48).
The chemical backgrounds of all experiments were quite similar except for
the following differences. In the July-August experiments the calcium
hardness was a little high in test #5. In the September-October experi-
ments the average copper was a little high in tests #1 and #5. In the
November-December experiments the sulfate was high in test #5, and the
methyl orange alkalinity was very low. The zinc and copper were higher
than in the other tests (Tables 39-40). Likewise, in test #6, the in-
crease in sulfate and the lower concentration of methyl orange alkalinity
is probably due to the use of sulfuric acid for controlling the pH with-
in a narrow range. The greatest variation was seen in the February-March
experiments (Tables 43-48). These were much longer experiments and
therefore this might be a contributing factor.
27
-------
In the July-August experiments the effects of the following average con-
centrations of vanadium were studied: 3«4 ug/1, 3«6 ug/1, 8.8 ug/1,
9.9 ug/1, 20.3 ug/1, and 20.7 ug/1.
Good diatom diversity was maintained at all concentrations. Melosira
varians was the dominant diatom. Cocconeis piacentula var. eualvpta and
Achnanthes lanceolata were also common. Blue-green algae were only of
frequent occurrence and did not vary greatly. At 20.3 ug/1 to 20.7 ug/1
the diatom growth was a little less but the diversity was good (Table 1).
Because of the sloughing problem total weight was not very reliable,
but there was a tendency for the volatile solids and total weights to be
more in the vanadium-treated experiments than in the controls, indicat-
ing that vanadium improves slightly the total algal biomass and, in this
case, diatom growth. There was not much difference between the various
concentrations.
When one examines the accumulation of vanadium we see that the most
rapid rates of accumulation are at the lowest concentrations. The great-
est amount of accumulation is about 250 ug/gm (PI. 1, Fig. 1). Obser-
vational data indicate there was a little increase in blue-green algae
in the tests averaging $.k ug/1 and 3.6 ug/1 of vanadium. This is also
borne out by the analysis for phycocyanin pigments which show a similar
small increase at approximately 3 and 7 ug/1 with a little less at 20
ug/1 (PI. 1, Fig. 2).
In the September-October experiments the concentrations of vanadium
tested varied between an average of 8.7 ug/1 and an average of 40.7 ug/1.
28
-------
ACCUMULATION
240-
200-
160
PHYCOCYANIN " PHYCOCYANIN
INCREASE 0.0. BOO-MO INCREASE O, D. 600-620
.4-1
.3-
g.2-
3.1-
d
6
^ .3-
/ ^^~~* u -2-
i
d ''"
6
-
____-
i iA on an 4i
O 5 10 15 20 25
FIG 1. VANADIUM Of/I IN WATER
FIG. 2. VANADIUM 4ig/l IN WATER
500-
Q400-
£300-
ACCUMULATION
200-
0 10 20 30
FIO. 4. VANADIUM AVERAGE «g/| IN WATER
PHYCOCYANIN
INCREASE 0.0.800-820
FIG. 9. VANADIUM ing/ I IN WATER
FIG. 3. VANADIUM AVERAGE «g/l IN WATER
Cu UPTAKE
10 20 30 40
FIG. g. VANADIUM AVERAGE «ig/l IN WATER
FIG. 7. VANADIUM mg/IIN MATER
ACCUMULATION
i,200n
0 2
FIG. 8. VANADIUM mgM IN WATER
Plate 1. Fig. 1 - Vanadium, accumulation ug/gm (July-Aug.); Pig. 2 -
Vanadium, phycocyanin in optical density units (O.D.) (July-Aug.);
Pig. 3 - Vanadium, phycocyanin in O.D. units (Sept.-Oct.); Fig. 4 -
Vanadium, accumulation (ig/gm (Sept.-Oct.); Fig. 5 - Vanadium, 14C
uptake - % of control (Sept.-Oct.); Fig. 6 - Vanadium, phycocyanin
in O.D. units (Nov.-Dec.); Fig. 7 - Vanadium, 14.C uptake - % of
control (Nov.-Dec.); Fig. 8 - Vanadium, accumulation lig/gm (Nov.-Dec.).
-------
At the end of the experiments diatoms were still the dominant forms in
the controls and the diversity was good. Melosira yarians was the most
common diatom with Cocconeis placentula var. euqlypta and Achnanthes
lanceolate also of common occurrence. Green algae were fairly rare and
blue-green algae were frequent to common. This is also seen in the 8.7
to 9-1 ug/1 experiments. At 18.4 to 20.1 ug/1 the diatoms seemed to be
a little less than in the previous experiment. However, according to the
data the biomass was somewhat higher at this level. The green alga,
Stiqeocloniunu was more common at this level and the blue-greens were
about the same. At 39.7 to 40 ug/1 there was poor diatom diversity and
poor growth. The green algae were rare to frequent, and the blue-green
algae were common. This is supported by the phycocyanin analysis in
which an increase in phycocyanin pigments occurred at the concentrations
near 40 ug/1. The accumulation was similar but a little higher than
that in the July-August experiments with the greatest increase with in-
creased concentration being at the lower concentrations, particularly
between the control and 8.7 to 9.1 ug/1 (PI. 1, Figs. 3, 4).
The '^C uptake per ugm of chlorophyll a did not seem to vary much in
any of the concentrations. It tended to be a little higher in those in
which vanadium was present than in the control (PI. 1, Fig. 5).
The November-December experiments were very similar in concentrations
to those carried out in February-March (Tables 3, 31-42). Also the
temperature of the water was quite similar, being 19.7°-21.3°C averaged
in November-December, and 18°-19°C averaged in February-March. The main
difference was in the day length, being a little over an hour longer in
30
-------
the February-March experiments. The concentrations of vanadium studied
in the November-December experiments averaged as follows: 0.21 mg/1,
2.02 mg/1, and 4.07 mg/1.
The diatoms dominated the communities in the test concentrations and in
the control at the beginning of the experiments. At an average of 0.21
mg/1 and 2.02 mg/1 of vanadium the diatom diversity was high and blue-
greens were very frequent to common at the end of the experiment. Diatom
growth was heavy. At 4.27 mg/1 of vanadium the diatom growth was very
poor at the end of the experiment, and blue-green algae were abundant.
This increase in blue-green algae in 4.07 mg/1 vanadium was also seen in
the pigment analyses. At this concentration the phycocyanin increased
5.6 times the increase in the controls during the course of the experi-
ment (PI. 1, Fig. 6). The absolute increase is small because of the
low amount of biomass which was much less than in earlier experiments.
The '^C uptake increased 251 percent of the control at 0.21 mg/1, then
decreased at 2.02 mg/1, and then increased to 253 percent of the control
at 4.07 mg/1 of vanadium in the test water (PI. 1, Fig. 7). There was a
steady increase in accumulation of vanadium as the concentration in the
test water increased, resulting in 25,800 ug/gm at 4.07 mg/1 in the
water (PI. 1, Fig. 8). This much higher accumulation in these experi-
ments is related to the concentration in the external medium and the
less dilution by cell division.
The control in the February-March experiments maintained a good diatom
diversity with some greens, particularly Ulothrix zonata and Stiqeo-
31
-------
cIonium lubricum. being present to frequent and blue-green algae being
fairly rare. At 2 mg/1 there was good diatom diversity, the green algae
were common with Ulothrix zonata and Stiqeoclonium lubricum being the
most common forms, and the blue-green algae varied from rare to very fre-
quent. The most common diatoms were Synedra sp. 1 and Achnanthes lanceo-
lata, with Cymbel1 a sp. and Odontidium vulqaris of frequent occurrence.
At 4.87 mg/1 the diatoms were in fairly poor condition, the blue-green
algae were extremely common, and the green algaeprobably Ulothrixwere
common. Thus we see a decided shift, as in previous experiments, in the
kinds of algae dominant at these various concentrations, blue-greens
being the dominant algae at k mg/1. This was also borne out by the phyco-
cyanin pigment experiments which showed that there were many more blue-
greens present at k mg/1 than in the control (Table k; Pi. 2, Fig. 1).
We find that '4C uptake was highest in the control and lowest at about
4.87 mg/1. At this concentration the accumulation of vanadium was 18,200
ug/gm which is less than that accumulated in November-December at a simi-
lar concentration. This may be due to biological dilution as the algae
were growing faster at this date. The somewhat toxic effect as evi-
denced by the reduction in '\ uptake seems to be more severe when the
cells of blue-green algae are dividing more rapidly (PI. 2, Figs. 2, 3).
CHROMIUM
Four series of chromium experiments were carried out during the periods
March 27-April 27, 1972; May 10-May 26, 1972; July 30-July 21, 1972; and
July 28-August 17, 1972 (Tables 49-69).
32
-------
PHYCCCWNIN
INCREASE O.D. 800-020
CM UPTAKE
100-1
011348
FIB. 1. VANADIUM mg/l IN WATER
0 1 2 3 4 S
VANADIUM mg/l IN WATER
ACCUMULATION
22,80O-|
3 19,200-
5 15.000-
i 12,000-
8 8.400-
f 4,800-
0 2
FIG. 3. VANADIUM mg/l IN WATER
PHVCOCYANIN
INCREASE OLD. OOO-ffi
.3-
.2-
ACCUMULATION
0 At 100 2iO 300
Fia 4. CHROMIUM Aig/l IN WATER
C14 UPTAKE
0 90 100 200 300
FIO. f. CHROMIUM «g /1 IN WATER
90 100 200 300
FI8. 0. CHROMIUM -ugll IN WATER
C14 UPTAKE
400
ACCUMULATION
10OO-
1 800-
M 0 50 100 200 MO 400
FIQ. 7. CHROMIUM AVERAGE «f / I IN WATER
0 50 100 200 300
FIQ. 8. CHROMIUM AVERAGE
-------
In the first two series a number of different concentrations were studied,
whereas in the last two studies a control and an average of about 0.4
mg/1 chromium were studied as this was the concentration determined in
the earlier experiments to cause the greatest shift in the structure of
the algal communities. The results of these last two series of experi-
ments are discussed but figures are not given.
The temperatures in these experiments varied. In the March-April ex-
periments the temperature averaged about 21°C. This was due to the fact
that the cooling coils had not been placed within the experimental con-
tainers as it was not thought to be necessary because the temperature was
in the optimum range for diatom growth. In the May, June-July, and July-
August experiments the temperature ranged from 15«9°-l8°C. The last
three experiments were also quite similar in day lengths (less than 1
hour difference) whereas the March-April experiment differed by an hour
to 1 hour and 42 minutes. The averaged temperature in the latter experi-
ments was that of the stream as the experiments were cooled by free-flow-
ing stream water.
The background chemical and physical characteristics of the water were
very similar in all of the experiments. In the March-April experiments,
the silica averaged lower than is characteristic of the other series of
experiments but at all times was in excess of that known to be necessary
for diatom growth. Manganese averaged a little lower in the June-July
experiments (Tables 49-69).
In the controls of the March-April experiments, diatoms remained common
34
-------
throughout the experiments (Table 5), and the blue-greens increased from
rare to frequent during the course of the experiment. At 49-50 ug/1 the
diatoms were dominant throughout the experiment. The blue-greens varied
from frequent to rare and the green algae Ulothrix and Stiqeoclonium
were sporadic in their occurrence, tending to disappear toward the end
of the experiment. At concentrations of 95 and 97 ug/1 diatoms remained
dominant throughout the experiment although the diversity decreased con-
siderably. Stiqeoclonium lubricum increased from present to common
during the course of the experiment. In the 97 ug/1 concentration
Ankistrodesmus became abundant during the course of the experiment as
noted on April 22nd, but was not noted at the end of the experiment on
April 26th. Blue-greens were frequent in both of the tests toward the
end of the experiments. In the concentrations 396-397 ug/1 most of the
diatoms were dead after ten days of exposure to this concentration of
chromium. The green alga, Stiqeoclonium lubricum. became abundant and
then became very rare, and Selastrutn bibraeanum became common at the
end of the experiment. The blue-greens Hi crocol eus vaqinatus, Arthro-
spi'ra ienneri. and Schizothrix calcicola became abundant in both boxes.
The accumulation of chromium in the biomass shows the greatest increase
with increased concentrations in the water in the lower concentrations
that is, at concentrations averaging from k9 to 97 ug/1. The increased
accumulation between 97 and 397 ug/1 in the water was not proportional
to the increase in concentration (PI. 2, Fig. 5)»
The uptake of '^C by the algae at approximately 50 ug/1 concentration
in water increased when compared with the control, and at 97 ug/1 it
35
-------
was somewhat higher than the control but less than at 50 ug/1, whereas
there was a great decrease in 1/+C uptake in concentrations of 396-397
ug/1. It would appear that the greatest ]1*C uptake occurred in algae
that had accumulated about 1460 ugm of chromium per gram of biomass. At
an average of 2500 ug/gm (95-97 ug/1) chromium the uptake was better
than in the control but not as good as when the accumulation was approx-
imately 1450 ug/gm. At 396-397 ug/1 the high accumulation of chromium
(3360 ug/gm) seemed to be decreasing uptake (Pi. 2, Fig. 6).
The pignent extraction experiments.indicate that the algae at 396-397
ug/1 concentrations were about like those in the control. However, an
examination of the slides indicate that the blue-green algae were much
more abundant than in the control. The reason for this difference is
probably due to the fact that most of the blue-green algae at 396-397
ug/1 were Schizothrix calcicola which had very narrow filaments (about
3 microns in diameter), whereas in the control larger filaments of
Microcoleus vaainatus and Arthrospira ienneri were of only frequent
occurrence. The larger celled algae have more pigment in them per cell
than the very small algae. It should also be noted that an error in the
extraction process may have occurred in the earlier experiments of this
series, because the ability to isolate the phycocyanin and phycoerythin
pigments from the chlorophyll was difficult. In the sonication of the
cells to release the phycocyanin and phycoerythin some of the chloro-
phyll and its degradation products are released into the water. Dr.
Larson developed a method for phycocyanin and phycoerythin extraction
during the latter experiments and therefore these determinations are
36
-------
much more accurate (See Appendix).
In the May experiments, the concentrations tested were similar to those
in March-April. The controlled tests had.diatoms dominant throughout
the experiments,blue-greens were rare, and the green algae were rare
to frequent. They were Spiroavra sp., Oedoaonium sp., Ulothrix zonata.
and Stiqeoclonium lubricum. At 49 ug/1 diatoms were dominant throughout
the experiments, Ulothrix zonata was of frequent occurrence, Oedoqom'um
sp. was frequent, and Stiqeoclonium lubricum was rare. At 100 ug/1
diatoms were dominant throughout the experiment. However, the diversity
decreased toward the end of the experiment. Stiqeoclonium lubricum was
of frequent to common occurrence, and blue-green algae were rare. At
403-407 ug/1, as in the March-April experiments, the diatoms were dead
or in very poor condition at the end of the experiment, Stigeoclonium
lubricum became common, and blue-greens were abundant. The dominant
blue-green was Schizothrix calcicola which did not show by pigment ex-
traction its great increase in this concentration when compared with
the control. Again the difference was due to the difference in species
of blue-greens that were present, a few filaments of the larger species
occurring in the control and thus masking the abundance of Schizothrix
calcicola (Table 6).
The accumulation of chromium in the biomass is not nearly as great in
these experiments as in the March-April experiments. At approximately
50 ug/1 concentration in the water the accumulation was 1450 ug/gm in
the March-April experiments whereas in the May experiments it was rough-
ly 500 ug/gm. A similar difference is seen at approximately 100 ug/1
37
-------
of chromium in the water. In May at 400 ug/1 of chromium the accumula-
tion was about 900 ug/gm whereas in the March-April experiments it was
3,350. This may be due to the fact that the rate of cell division was
less as indicated by less biomass which resulted in less biological dilu-
tion in the March-April than in the May experiments. Therefore the
accumulation per cell and therefore per gram of biomass was not as great
27
in the May experiments. Studies carried out by Harvey, et aj_. at the
Savannah River Plant on radioactive metals has shown that biological
dilution can have this effect of reducing the accumulation of the metal
per cell or per gram of biomass (PI. 2, Fig. 8).
A decrease in ^C uptake was not pronounced at 400 ug/1 of water as it
was in the March-April experiments. This is no doubt correlated with
the fact that the uptake per eel 1 was not as great and therefore the
deleterious effect would not have been as pronounced. However, the same
pattern of '^C uptake is present in both experiments, the greatest up-
take being about 50 ug/1 of chromium in the water 0*1.2, Fig. 7).
In the June-July series of experiments one range of concentrations of
chromium was testedthat is, from 380 to 398 ug/1. A shift to blue-
green algae was not as great in this series as in the previous series
of experiments at similar concentrations. The background chemistry was
very similar to that of the two previous series of experiments (Table 7).
The difference in the development of blue-green algae can be explained
by the lower accumulation of chromium (average 645 ug/gm). The amount
of accumulation was less than in the 50 ug/1 tests in March-April, and
38
-------
between 50 and 100 ug/1 in the tests in May. At these amounts of accumu-
lation a pronounced blue-green algal flora was not present in the two
previous series of experiments. Furthermore, we find that the '%) up-
take (132%) is more similar to that found between kO and 100 ug/1 in the
March-April and May experiments. Thus we see very good correlation be-
tween the amount of accumulation of chromium per gram of biomass, the
'^C uptake, and the development of a blue-green algal flora. It is dif-
ficult to explain why there was a lower accumulation of chromium at this
concentration during these experiments. Nevertheless, as stated above,
the fact that there was a low accumulation did produce results similar
to those found in previous experiments in which the accumulation was
similar.
In the July-August test of 400 ug/1 of chromium in water there was an
accumulation of chromium of 2,000 ug/gm of biomass. This is less than
the accumulation at this concentration in the March-April experiments
but more than the accumulation in the May experiments. It is over three
times as much as the accumulation that occurred in the June-July experi-
ments.
In this concentration blue-green algae were dominant (Table 8, PI. 3).
The diatoms were mostly dead. The background chemical data are given in
Table 68. Only one test on one concentration was carried out, because
the test was to confirm the conditions found at this concentration in
earlier experiments. However, the biomass seemed to be much less than
that of the previous experiments. In the previous experiments the bio-
39
-------
Plate 3' Chromium O.*t mg/1. Blue-green algae,
Microcoleus vaginatus, dominating flora.
-------
mass in the various concentrations seemed to be a little greater than
that of the control, although this is often not significant and, as
stated previously, biomass determinations are very unreliable because of
the sloughing of the algae. The anomaly of this experiment is that the
1/fC uptake was 216 percent that of the control. This is far higher than
the uptake that might be predicted from previous experiments. Whether
this is an experimental error or occurred for some unknown reason, one
cannot be certain.
In conclusion the results of these experiments clearly indicate that at
approximately 400 ug/1 chromium the diatom flora is almostif not com-
pletelydestroyed and that blue-green algae become dominant. The de-
gree to which the blue-green algae become dominant and the diatoms are
adversely affected seems to be correlated with the accumulation of
chromium in the biomassthat is, the ug/gm of biomass. In all except
}U
the last experiment the C uptake could also be correlated with the
accumulation.
The general chemical background of the last experiment was not signifi-
cantly different in any respect from that of previous experiments, and
the day length was intermittent between that found in the earlier ex-
^-
periments. Thus there is no obvious reason for this difference in
uptake.
SELENIUM
Four series of selenium experiments have been carried out. The first
two experiments were carried out between September 20 and October 20,
-------
1972, and November 9 and December k, 1972. In these series of experi-
ments selenite (H2Se03) was the source of selenium studied. - In 1973 two
other series of selenium experiments were carried out from April 3 to
May 11, 1973, and June 15 to July 3, 1973- In this second series selen-
ium as selenite (HoSeO-s) and selenate (NaoSeO/J were studied.
In the September-October experiments seven concentrations of selenium a-
selenite were tested. These ranged, as seen in Tables 70-77, from 0.1
mg/1 to JfO.8 mg/1 . In the November-December experiments, 1, 10, and
40.3-^0.9 mg/1 were studied. There were only three concentrations in
the September-October experiments that are comparable with those in
November-December (Tables 78-85).
When one examines the tables it is quite evident that the background
chemistry for these experiments was quite similar. The greatest differ-
ences were in temperature, being about 6°C higher in the September-
October experiments. Likewise, the day length was quite different, being
1 hour and kj minutes longer in September-October than in November-
December .
The trace metal chemistry was quite similar except that zinc was high
the two times it was tested in the November-December experiments.
Whether this was typical of the whole experiment one cannot tell. Both
times it was tested it ranged from 1.5 to over 3 ppm. This might inter-
fere with the growth of some of the algae, but it does not seem to do
so. Iron tended to be higher in the November-December experiments.
-------
In the September-October experiments the diatom growth was excellent and
the diversity was high in concentrations from 0.1 mg/1 to 10.6 mg/1 of
selenium as selenite. At 10.6 mg/1 the diatom growth was heavy, and
diversity was good; whereas at 20.9 mg/1 and 40.8 mg/1 the growth was
heavy but the diatom diversity was less. The volatile biomass determin-
ations also support these observations. In the control and 0.1 mg/1
selenium the green algae were frequent and the blue-green algae were
rare. At 1.04 mg/1 the blue-green algae became more frequent and the
green algae remained frequent. This was also the case at 2.6 mg/1. At
5.4 and 10.6 mg/1 the green algae were frequent but the blue-green algae
were rare. At 20.9 mg/1 the green algae were rare and at 40.8 mg/1 no
blue-green or green algae were present (Table 9).
Thus it is apparent that-as the selenium concentration increased the
diatom growth was heavy, being heaviest at 10 to 40.8 mg/1. However,
the diversity decreased at the higher concentrations. The green and
blue-green algae likewise decreased at the higher concentrations.
The chlorophyll a/c ratios were similar throughout all experiments, in-
dicating the similar proportions of the communities being diatoms (PI-4,
Fig. 2).
The data showed a decided decrease in 1/fC uptake above 5 mg/1 (PI. 4,
Fig. 1). This is very interesting in view of the fact that there was a
heavy diatom population on the slides. For some reason it would appear
that the diatoms were not photosynthesizing very well. Perhaps there
43
-------
CHLOROPHYLL mtc RATIO
5'OO-t
50-
25-
0 5 10 15 20 S5 30 35 4O
FIG. 1. SELENITE (Se) mg/MN WATER
ACCUMULATION
0 ~5~ 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
FIO. 3. SELENITE (Se) mgll IN WATER
C]4 UPTAKE
S loo-
s' 75"
\ SO-
ti 25-
0 10 20 30
PIG. 5. SELENITE mg/l IN WATER
C14 UPTAKE
SELENIUM mg/l IN WATER
SELENITE o SELENATE
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 4O
FIG. 2. SELENITE (Se) mg/l IN WATER
ACCUMULATION
10 20 30 40
FIG. 4. SELENITE (Se) mg/l IN WATER
CHLOROPHYLL ale RATIO
910-,
§
O 0 10 2054\)
FIG. 6. SELENITE (Se) mg/1 IN WATER
PHYCOCYANIN Jigltt SQUARE INCHES
10 20 30 <
SELENIUM mgll IN WATER
SELENITE o SELENATE
Plate 4. Fig. 1 - Selenium, 14C uptake - % of control (Sept.-Oct.);
Fig. 2 - Selenium, chlorophyll a/c ratio (Sept.-Oct.); Fig. 3 -
Selenium, accumulation ug/gm (Sept.-Oct.); Fig. 4 - Selenium, accu-
mulation (ig/gm (Nov.-Dec.); Fig. 5 - Selenium, 14C uptake - % of
control (Nov.-Dec.); Fig. 6 - Selenium, chlorophyll a/c ratio
(Nov.-Dec.); Fig. 7 - Selenium, l^c uptake - % of control (Apr.-
May); Fig. 8 - Selenium, phycocyanin ug/1.5 sq. inches (Apr. - May).
-------
was a shading effect due to the extremely heavy growth. The accumula-
tion of the selenium in the cells is correlated with the drop in ^C
uptake when the accumulation reaches about 40.8 mg/1 (PI. 4, Fig. 3).
Thus it may be that it is the accumulation of the selenium rather than
shading that is hindering the ^C uptake. The heavy growth of diatoms
would indicate that this amount of uptake of selenium is not interfering
with cell division at the higher concentrations. Very little pigment of
blue-green algae was noted and was not recorded.
»
In the November-December experiments, the zinc and chlorides were quite
high. However, this apparently did not interfere with diatom growth
because there is good diversity and fairly heavy growth in the control.
There was heavy growth and good diversity at 1 mg/1 selenite and also at
10.3 to 10.k mg/1 selenite. At 40 mg/1 the diatom diversity was greatly
reduced and the biomass was not as much. Blue-green algae never became
common or reached a frequency above rare in these experiments. The
green algae were frequent at 1 mg/1 selenium and in one of the concen-
trations of 10 mg/1 of selenium. Otherwise the green algae were rare
(Table 10).
An examination of the accumulation of selenium shows that it was much
less than in the September-October experiments. In September-October
at 10 mg/1 about 5600 ug/gm were accumulated, whereas at the same con-
centration in November-December about 3200 ug/gm were accumulated (PI. 4
Fig. 4).
45
-------
As in the September-October experiments, we find a decided dip in
uptake around 5 to 10 mg/1 of selenite in the water (PI. 4, Fig. 5).
However, instead of a reduction at 40 mg/1 we find that the 1/fC uptake
at 40 mg/1 was almost equal to that of the control. This again may be
due to the difference in accumulation of selenium which was a little
over 5200 ug/gm in November-December at 40 mg/1 in the test water where-
as in the September-October experiments it was 8,800 ug/gm.
The chlorophyll a/c ratio remained quite similar throughout the experi-
ment indicating that the ratio of diatoms to other algae was quite
similar throughout all experiments (PI. 4, Fig. 6).
In the spring and summer experiments the effects of selenium of average
concentrations of 1.1 to 1.2 mg/1, 10.4 to 10.6 mg/1, and 40.5 to 41.5
mg/1 were studied. Detailed background chemical analyses are given in
Tables 86-99- The main differences in these two series of experiments
in April-May and June-July was in the day length, the average day length
differing by 1 hour and 27 minutes, and the temperature differing by an
average of 7«2°C. There were also occasional differences in concentra-
tions of alkalinity, of chlorides, and very occasionally of phosphates;
however, the differences were usually not very great and only very
occasionally was the average different in similar concentrations of
selenium in the two sets of experiments. In the April-May experiments
phenolphthalein alkalinity was present in the control and at concentra-
tions of 1 mg/1 of selenite. Otherwise phenolphthalein alkalinity was
not recorded in this experiment.
46
-------
During both series of experiments observations of kinds of algae and
their relative abundance were made at the beginning, near the middle,
and at the end of the experiments. These are recorded in Tables 11 and
12. It is apparent that in both series of experiments in which selenium
was introduced as selenate very little, if any, algal growth occurred
in concentrations of 40 mg/1. There were a very few blue-green algae
present in the July experiments.
The diatoms in both the April-May and June-July experiments were in very
poor condition or not living in concentrations of 10 mg/1 of selenium
as selenate. In both series of experiments at concentrations of 10 mg/1
of selenium as selenate blue-green algae varied from common to very
common, and the most common blue-green was Schizothrix calcicola. At
1 mg/1 selenate the diatoms were not in good condition, the green alga
StiqeocIonium was common, and blue-green algae were fairly common.
In contrast, at 40 mg/1 of selenite (l^SeOj) the diatoms were in good
condition in July and fair condition in May; the green algae were more
common in May than in July. The blue-green alga Schizothrix calcicola
was present in May but was not recorded in July.
In test waters averaging about 10 mg/1 diatom diversity was poor in May
with Cocconeis placentula var. euqlypta being the most common species.
Diatoms were common although the diversity was poor at this concentra-
tion. In June-July the diatom diversity was well developed. In May the
green alga Stiqeoclom'um lubricum (?) was common and Draparnaldia
47
-------
£lumosa. was frequent in May. The blue-green alga Schizothrix calcicola
was frequent to common. In July the green algae were not as common
with Cosmarium sp. the only frequent green algae. Schizothrix calcicola
occurred in patches, but was only frequent in occurrence.
At 1 mg/1 of selenite the diatom growth was good in both May and July.
However, in May the diversity was restricted. A few species such as
Achnanthes lanceolata were common. In both experiments the green algae
were frequent to common. In May the blue-green algae were more common
than they were in July. Controls in both cases maintained good diatom
diversity throughout the experiments, although in May there was a little
more green than blue-green algae present.
Thus we see the same trend of conditions in both seriesthat is, at
40 mg/1 of selenate nothing could grow, and that selenate was generally
less favorable to diatoms than selenite. In contrast, the blue-green
algae did very well at both 1 and 10 mg/1 of selenate.
Although total biomass is not a very reliable measure because of the
loss of the algae due to handling in the course of the experiment, it
was quite evident that there was a tendency for greater diatom biomass
to develop at 1 mg/1 selenite than at other concentrations.
When one examines the pigment analyses (PI. k, Fig. 8; PI. 5, Fig. 1),
it is very evident in both series of experiments that the blue-green
48
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PHYCOCYANIN
Cl4 UPTAKE
SELENIUM mgll IN WATER
SELENITE o SELENATE
0
HO. 2.
tO 20 30
SELENIUM mg/l IN WATER
SEtENVTE o SELENATE
PHYCOCYANIN
INCREASE O.O 900-820
f .1
O
d
0 .1 .5 1
FIG. 3. BORON m«/I IN WATER
PHVCOCVANIN
INCREASE O.D. 800-UO
8 -1-
i
cf
6
0 .1 .9 i
FIQ. «. BORON irg/l IN WATER
PHYCOCYANIN
INCREASE O.D. 800-620
.3-
s
I -H
6
6
PHYCOCYANIN
INCREASE ao.eoo-«o
d
d
o
FIG. 8.
0
FIQ. 5.
NICKEL-US/UN WATER
NICKEL «Jg,'l IN WATER
ACCUMULATION
PHYCOCYANIN
INCREASE O.D. 800-620
0 .5
FIG. 7. NICKEL mgll IN WATER
0 .8
FIQ. 8. NICKEL mg/l IN WATER
Plate 5. Fig. 1 - Selenium, phycocyanin (ig/3 s<5. inches (June-July);
Fig. 2 - Selenium, 14C uptake - % of control (June-July); Fig. 3 -
Boron, phycocyanin in O.D. units (Sept.-Nov.); Fig. 4 - Boron, phy-
cocyanin in O.D. units (June-Aug.); Fig. 5 - Nickel, phycocyanin in
O.D. units (Mar.-Apr.); Fig. 6 - Nickel, phycocyanin in O.D. units
(May-June); Fig. 7 - Nickel, phycocyanin in O.D. units (Nov.-Dec.);
Fig. 8 - Nickel, accumulation ug/gm (Nov.-Dec.).
-------
algae were more common in 1 mg/1 of selenate and selenite than at higher
concentrations. It is also very evident that the blue-green algae were
usually about four times as common in the selenate experiments than in
the selenite experiments in May at this concentration.
A definite decrease in blue-green algae in both selenate and selenite
occurred at 10 mg/1 in the May and in the selenate experiments in July
as evidenced by the phycocyanin analyses (PI. k, Fig. 8; PI. 5, Fig. 1).
There was no phycocyanin analyses for selenite at 10 mg/1 in July; how-
ever, the observational data indicate that in May and July Schizothrix
calcicola was quite common at 10 mg/1 selenate concentrations. The
reason for this discrepancy in the selenate experiments is probably be-
cause this is an extremely small species and a great many filaments would
be necessary to produce a small amount of phycocyanin. In contrast, we
did not see many blue-green algae present in the selenite experiments at
this concentration. The phycocyanin extraction experiments conform with
the observations at 40 mg/1 of selenate and selenite.
The J^C uptake experiments in May indicate that the '\ uptake was quite
similar for selenate and selenite at 1 and 10 mg/1, although the kinds
of algae, as seen by Tables 11 and 12, were somewhat different (PI. 4,
Fig. 7). In the selenite experiments there were more greens present
than in the selenate at 10 mg/1. At kO mg/1 in the selenite experiments
the diatoms were the main species and the uptake was less than at 10 mg/1.
No algae were in 40 mg/1 of selenate and therefore there was no uptake.
50
-------
Ill
In July the C uptake results were very different for selenate and
selenite. Most of the uptake was by blue-green algae in the selenate
experiments and by diatoms in the selenite experiments (PI. 5, Fig. 2).
At 10 mg/1 we see that there was much greater '^C uptake in the selenate
experiments than in the selenite. This is probably due to the differ-
ence in the physiological conditions and in the amount and kinds of
algae taking up the ^C.
In the selenite experiments, at 40 mg/1 the diatoms showed good health
and a fair amount of uptake, which was a little higher than at 10 mg/1.
In the selenate experiments there were fewer blue-green algae and much
less uptake occurred at 40 mg/1 than at 10 mg/1. The amounts of uptake
in the selenite and selenate experiments were similar at 40 mg/1, but
were carried out by different kinds of algae (Table 12).
From these selenium experiments the data indicate that concentrations
of 1 mg/1 and 10 mg/1 of selenite stimulated diatom reproduction, and
at 40 mg/1 fair to good diatom growth occurred. In contrast, selenate
at all concentrations was deleterious to diatom growth. Selenate was
more favorable to the growth of blue-green algae than was selenite.
These experiments support the findings of Kumar and Prakash ' which
point out that selenate is more supportive of blue-green algal growth
than selenite.
51
-------
During these experiments a fair amount of sulfur was always present.
This probably allowed for better growth in both the selenate and sele-
nite experiments.
In the cells, about a third of the selenium was extractable by 70 per-
cent methanol; most of this was selenite. There was no evidence for
free or combined selenoamino acids. Most of the nonextractable selenium
was probably associated with protein via selenotrisulfides.
BORON
Five series of boron experiments were performed. Three series were
carried out between May 20-June 13, 1970; June 26-August 7, 1970; and
September 23-November 4, 1970. The concentrations studied were approxi-
mately 0.03, 0.13, 0.5, and 1,0 mg/1 of boron in solution. The Decem-
ber 15-February 9, 1971, experiments only studied the effects of an
average of 2.02 mg/1 of boron, and the July 20-August 20, 1973, experi-
ments studied the effects of 1.1 mg/1 of boron.
The day lengths of these experiments were quite variable (Tables 100-116).
The longest day lengths were in the May-June experiments, being ]k hours
and 46 minutes. The shortest day lengths were in the December-February
experiments, being 9 hours and 43 minutes. Likewise the temperature
varied considerably during these experiments, the coolest temperature
being the early winter experiments with an average of 15.3°C, and the
highest temperature being the June-August experiments averaging 23.3°C.
52
-------
The general background chemistry (Tables 100-116) showed that the con-
centrations of various chemicals were quite similar throughout the whole
series; however, there was some variation. In the May-June experiments
phenolphthalein alkalinity was present which is typically not found in
the stream water supplying these experiments. Likewise the methyl
orange alkalinity was a little high. In the December-February experi-
ments the phosphorus average was a little high as compared with the other
experiments. In the June-August experiments the methyl orange alkalinity
was a little high. In the July-August experiment silica was a little
low, but never low enough to affect the size of populations of diatoms.
The biomass in the May-June experiments was a little higher than those
found in the other experiments. In general, the structure of the algal
communities was similar in the various concentrations of boron. In the
May-June experiments in the control, diatoms dominated the community and
the diversity was good. The most common genera were Cymbella, Navicula,
and Synedra. The greens were similar in their commonness throughout
the experiment. Blue-green algae became common in spots, but had an
overall frequency occurrence during the middle of the experiment, be-
coming rare toward the end. In the 0.15 mg/1 concentrations, the blue-
greens increased in commonness, ranging from frequent at the beginning
of the experiment to very common at the end. Diatoms remained dominant
throughout the experiment and the common genera were as in the control.
In the 0.52 mg/1 experiment diatoms dominated throughout the experiment
and were similar to the control. Blue-greens were common toward the
53
-------
end of the experiment, but since they were quite common at the beginning,
not very much shift in their abundance was noted (Table 13).
In the 1.07 mg/1, blue-green algae were not noted at the beginning of
the experiment whereas they became abundant at the end of the experi-
ment. Stiqeoclonium lubricum varied in abundance during the experi-
ments. The diatoms were dominant at the beginning of the experiment and
at the middle of the experiment, but were in poor condition by the end
of the experiment. In these early experiments phycocyanin extraction
was not carried out.
In the June-August experiments, the same trend occurredthat is, the
blue-greens decreased rather than increased in the controls and diatoms
remained dominant with good diversity throughout the experiment. The
most common diatoms were Melosira varians, Cocconeis placentula, and
various species of Cymbella. At 0.118 mg/1 the diatoms were dominant
and diversity was good throughout the experiment. Blue-green algae in-
creased, being very common to common toward the middle and end of the
experiment. At 0.52 mg/1 the diatoms were dominant but the growth was
not as great as in the two previous concentrations. The diversity was
good. The blue-greens were frequent at the beginning of the experiment,
becoming very common toward the end of the experiment. At 1.05 mg/1
diatom growth was fair throughout the experiment, decreasing toward the
end of the experiment. Helosira varians was common. The green alga
-------
Stlqeoclonium lubri'cum was common or very common throughout the experi-
ment. The unicellular blue-green algae were common at the beginning of
the experiment and became very common at the end (Table 14). As seen
in PI. 5» Fig. k, the phycocyanin as determined by extraction increased
with increased concentration throughout the experiment, the highest
amount of phycocyanin being in the 1.05 mg/1 boron concentration.
In the September-November experiments we see the same types of changes
as in the two previous sets of experiments. In the control the diatoms
remained dominant and the diversity was good throughout the experiments.
Melosira varians was very common and Cocconeis placentula var. euqlypta
and Achnanthes lanceolata were common. Spiroqyra sp. became frequent
to common during the course of the experiments and Scenedesmus sp. was
very common during the period when observations were made on October 12.
However, by November 2 it was not seen in the communities. Blue-green
algae remained frequent throughout the experiment. At the 0.125 mg/1
boron concentration, the diatom diversity was good in the beginning of
the experiment but then gradually decreased as it did in the control
toward the end of the experiment. The same diatom species were common
to very common as noted in the control. As in the control, Scenedesmus
sp. became abundant around October 12, but was apparently not present
at the end of the experiment. Blue-green algae were common to very
common in the middle of the experiment and fairly common at the end of
the experiment. At 0.488 mg/1 the diatoms were present throughout the
experiment but their diversity decreased toward the end of the experi-
55
-------
ment. Again Scenedesmus sp. was very common around October 12 but not
apparent in the community at the end of the experiment. The blue-green
algae increased from fairly rare to abundant to very common at the end
of the experiment. At the 1.04 mg/1 concentration the diatoms were com-
mon but the diversity poor toward the end of the experiments. Cocconeis
placentula var. euqlypta was the most common diatom. Spiroavra sp. be-
came very common toward the end of the experiment, and blue-green algae
were abundant (Table 15).
The phycocyanin extraction data indicate a pattern of increase in blue-
green algae at 0.13, 0.488, and 1.04 mg/1 (PI. 5, Fig. 3). The low
amounts were due to poor extraction techniques. The highest concentra-
tion of phycocyanin was at 0.488 mg/1, and at 1.04 mg/1 it was not as
great as in the other two concentrations. This may be due to a differ-
ence in the abundance of filamentous and unicellular blue-green algae
present. Both forms were present in both concentrations. It should be
noted that the slight decrease at 1.04 mg/1 concentration of boron was
different from that found in the June-August experiments when there was
a marked increase at 1.05 mg/1 boron.
In the December-February experiments, only one concentration of boron
was studied and that was at an average of 2.02 mg/1. The background
chemistry is given in Tables 112-H3«
Compared with the controls the phycocyanin extraction experiments indi-
cate that-about 5*8 times more phycocyanin was in the 2.03 mg/1 test
than in the control after the biomass is equated for the two experi-
56
-------
merits, thus indicating a decided increase in blue-green algae. Diatoms
were present but were not diverse throughout the experiments.
In the July-August experiments only one concentration was examined and
that was an average of 1.1 mg/1 soluble boron in water (Tables 114-116).
As seen in Plate 6, the unicellular blue-green and filamentous blue-green
algae became quite common; however, the diatom Achnanthes lanceolate was
very common and in good condition throughout the experiments. Other
diatoms were less healthy and the overall diversity was much less.
NICKEL
Five series of nickel experiments were performed: March 29-April 29,
1971; May 22-July 31, 1971; November 5-December 12, 1971; February 1-
March 11, 1972; and July 20-August 20, 1973. The average temperature
during the course of these experiments was quite similar, ranging from
16.22°C to 21.3°C. The lowest temperature was in the May-July experi-
ments when the temperature was about 16°C and the highest temperature
was in the November-December experiments when the average temperature
was about 20°-21°C. This is because in summer months the temperature
was maintained at ambient stream temperature through cooling coils. Dur-
ing the winter months it was desirable to maintain the temperature within
a range favorable to diatom growth in order that the results of the ex-
periments might not be altered due to this cause. Therefore the temper-
ature in the November-December experiments were ambient greenhouse
temperatures which were a little higher than summer stream temperatures
but not significantly higher to make a real difference in the growth of
the algal communities.
57
-------
Figure 1. Control for <
boron experiments0 Diatoms, f
Achnanthes lanceolata,
dominating flora.
*
3, IP c
Figure 2. Boron, 1 mg/1. ~tl£
Unicellular glue-green algae
dominating algal flora.
Figure 3. Boron, 1 mg/1.
Blue-green algae, Schizothrix
calcicola, dominating flora.
PLATE 6
58
-------
Day lengths were quite variable; the shortest day length being 9 hours
and 47 minutes in the November-December experiments and the longest ones
being Ik hours and 52 minutes in the May-July experiments. The most
similar day lengths in two separate series of experiments were those for
May-July and July-August, which had an average difference of k6 minutes.
The variance in day length undoubtedly had some affects on algal growth.
However, part of the purpose of these experiments was to study the effect
of nickel under natural varying daylight conditions. Most of the experi-
ments ran from two to five weeks. The longest experiment was the May-
July experiment which ran seven weeks (Tables 117-1^5)'
The general background chemistry was quite similar in all experiments.
In the March-April experiments the methyl orange alkalinity was a little
low, and the sulfates were irregular, tending to be somewhat high. This
was probably due to the use of sulfuric acid to adjust the pH at certain
times. In the July-August experiments the silica was a little low, and
the methyl orange alkalinity was a little higher than usual for the
other experiments. In the February-March experiments the sulfates were
quite variable, and the total hardness was a little high. This was also
true for the November-December experiments. In general, the background
chemistry during this series seemed to show more variability than in the
other trace metal experiments. This is probably in part due to the fact
that this was one of the first of the metals studied at very low concen-
tions, and some technical difficulties were encountered in trying to
keep the nickel constant. However, this does not explain all the varia-
59
-------
bilities which were natural for the periods in which the experiments were
carried out. In no case was the variability highly significant nor did
the extremes experienced in any one experiment not overlap those in other
experiments.
In the March-April experiments the amounts of nickel tested ranged from
an average of 2 to 8.6 ug/1. In the controls diatom diversity remained
good throughout the experiment. Stiaeoclom'um was frequent in occurrence
as were the green algae Ulothrix zonata and Spirogyra sp. Blue-green
algae were of frequent occurrence. At 2-2.21 ug/1 at the end of the ex-
periment the diatom diversity was fair to poor, StiqeocIonium was common,
Ulothrix zonata was frequent to common, and Spiroqyra sp. was frequent.
Blue-green algae varied from frequent to abundant at the end of the ex-
periment. In the 4.5^^.78 ug/1 of nickel the diatom diversity was poor,
Ulothrix zonata was very common to abundant, and the blue-green algae
were abundant. In the 7.6-8.6 ug/1 experiment the diatoms were in very
poor condition, Ulothrix zonata was common to abundant, Scenedesmus be-
came common, and the blue-green algae were abundant (Table 16). These
trends in blue-green algal production may also be seen in PI. 5, Fig. 5,
and show a decided increase between the control and 2 ug/1 of nickel.
The phycocyanin concentration continued to increase but not in the same
ratio with increased concentrations of nickel. The phycocyanin experi-
ments support the observations that blue-green algae were very common at
the higher concentrations of nickel.
60
-------
In the May-July experiments similar concentrations were studied. They
ranged from 2.2-9.1 ug/1. In the control the diatoms remained dominant
and the diversity was good throughout the experiment. Various species
of Svnedra were dominant at the beginning of the experiment and Melosira
varians replaced them in dominance toward the end. Blue-green algae
were usually of rare occurrence and green algae were variable. In the
tests of 2.2-2.3 ug/1 of nickel blue-green algae became very common and
the diatoms were of frequent occurrence,but the diversity became poor
toward the end of the experiments. The most common were several species
of Synedra, Achnanthes lanceolata, A. minutissima, Melosira varians, and
Cymbel1 a sp. In the 4.9-5.1 ug/1 tests the diatoms decreased to frequent
in occurrence but the diversity was poor. Blue-green algae were common.
A similar condition resulted in the 8.1-9.1 ug/1 test (Table 17; PI- 5>
Fig. 6).
This trend was also borne out by the phycocyanin experiments. However,
it is interesting to note that in the March-April experiments blue-green
algae continued to increase with higher concentrations whereas in this
series the highest amount of blue-green pigment extracted occurred at
2.2-2.3 ug/1 and then there was a slight decrease, indicating that the
blue-green algae were not much greater than in the control. However the
observations indicated that blue-green algae were very common in the
8.1-9.1 ug/1 of nickel. This can probably be explained by the differ-
ence in algal species, the algae being the very small Schizothrix cal-
cicola in the higher concentrations; however, part of the explanation
may be due to the interference of other pigments. It was not until late
61
-------
1972 that a more precise method for phycocyanin extraction was worked out.
The November-December experiments were carried out at much higher con-
centrations. The concentrations of nickel varied from 0.05-1.04 mg/1.
In the controls the diatoms remained dominant and the diversity was very
good throughout the experiments. The green alaa.Stiqeoclonium lubricum.
was of rare occurrence, and blue-green algae were of frequent occurrence.
At 0.05 mg/1 diatom diversity was good throughout the experiment, Stiqeo-
cIonium lubricum and Spiroqyra sp. were rare at the end of the experi-
ment, and the blue-green algae were of frequent occurrence. At 0.5 mg/1
of nickel the diatoms were very common and the diversity was poor, proto-
nema of Stiqeoclom'um lubricum were of frequent occurrence, and unicellu-
lar blue-green algae were very common. At I.Ok mg/1 the diversity of
diatoms was usually very poor, but a single diatom, Achnanthes minutis-
sima, was very common. Unicellular blue-green algae were very common.
The highest concentration of blue-green algae, which were mainly uni-
cellular, occurred at 0.5 and 1.04 mg/1 of nickel (Table 18).
The phycocyanin extracts indicate that the highest growth of blue-green
algae occurred at 0.05 and 0.5 mg/1. At 1.04 mg/1 the amount of extract-
ed phycocyanin was not very different (PI. 5, Fig. 7). When one examines
the uptake of accumulation of nickel within the cells, we see that there
is a very rapid accumulation to over 10,000 ug/gm at 0.05 mg/1 and that
this concentration continued to increase with increased concentrations
of nickel in the water. It is very evident that this accumulation was
detrimental to the uptake of '\ as there was a decrease in ^C per gram
of chlorophyll a from the control to 0.05 mg/1 of nickel and it remained
62
-------
about the same at the other concentrations. This decrease was definite
but not extreme, indicating that the blue-green algae and green algae
were not as effective in the uptake of ^C at these nickel concentra-
tions as were the diatoms in the control. There was more protoplasmic
or volatile material in the various nickel concentrations than in the
control, pointing to the fact that there was probably more protoplasm
present, but per gram of chlorophyll a it did not take up as much '^C
(PI. 5, Fig. 8; PI. 7, Fig. 1).
The February-March experiments repeated two of the concentrations used
in the November-December experimentsthat is, Q.kJ mg/1 and 1.0 mg/1.
The results are quite similar in that in the control the diatoms remained
dominant and the diversity was good throughout the experiment. Ulothrix
zonata became abundant in the control and blue-green algae remained rare
throughout the experiment. In the 0.47 mg/1 concentration the diatoms
became rare and the diversity was very poor. Achnanthes minutissima was
common. The green alga Stiqeoclom'um lubricum was very frequent and uni-
cellular blue-green algae became common. Similar conditions were found
at 1.0 mg/1 of nickel (Table 19).
The accumulation experiments showed that at concentrations of 0.^7 mg/1
of nickel in the water, the nickel accumulated within the biomass was
36,000 ug/gm. This was higher than the amount accumulated during the
November-December experiment; likewise, at 1.0 mg/1 of nickel in the
water, the accumulation of nickel was much higher in the February-March
experiments (PI. 7, Fig. 2).
63
-------
ACCUMULATION
M 15°~
£ 100i
8 50-
I
5 0 .5
FIG. 1. NICKEL mg/l IN WATER
CM UPTAKE
FIG. 3. NICKEL mg/l IN WATER
PHYCOCYANIN
INCREASE OD. 600-620
0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .»
FIG. 5. RUBIDIUM mg/l IN WATER
§
» 150-
|,oo-s
° 50-
C|4 UPTAKE
0 .1 .1 .3 .4 .5 .» .7 .8 .9
FIG. 6. RUBIDIUM mg/l IN WATER
ACCUMULATION
0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .8 .7 .8
FIG. 7. RUBIDIUM mg/l IN WATER
FIG. 2. NICKEL mg/l IN WATER
PHYCOCYANIN
INCREASE O.D. 600-62O
£ .1
O
0 .5
FIG. 4. NICKEL mg/1 IN WATER
C14 UPTAKE
00 .5 i 1.5
" FIG. 8. RUBIDIUM mg/l IN WATER
ACCUMULATION
0 .5 1 1.S
FIG. 9. RUBIDIUM mg/l IN WATER
Plate 7. Fig. 1 - Nickel, 14C uptake - % of control (Nov.-Dec.); Fig.
2 - Nickel, accumulation ug/gra (Feb.-Mar.); Fig. 3 - Nickel, 14C up-
take - % of control (Feb.-Mar.); Fig. 4 - Nickel, phycocyanin in
O.D. units (Feb.-Mar.); Fig. 5 - Rubidium, phycocyanin in O.D. units
(June-July); Fig. 6 - Rubidium, 14C uptake - % of control (June -
July); Fig. 7 - Rubidium, accumulation Hg/gm (June-July); Fig. 8 -
Rubidium, 14C uptake - % of control (July-Aug.); Fig. 9 - Rubidium,
accumulation ug/gm (July-Aug.).
-------
When one examines the '^C uptake results we see, as in the previous
experiments, a decrease in carbon uptake as compared with the control.
The decrease at 0.5 mg/1 is much more severe than in the November-
December experiment. This is probably due to the much greater increase
in nickel at this concentration during these experiments than occurred
in the November-December experiments (PI. 7, Fig. 3)«
The phycocyanin extractions indicate the increase in blue-green algae at
0.5 mg/1 and 1.0 mg/1 concentration of nickel in the water. It is in-
teresting to note that at 0.5 and 1.0 mg/1 the amounts of phycocyanin
were very similar, whereas we find a slight decrease in the November-
December experiments. This difference, however, was probably not sig-
nificant. A much higher increase in phycocyanin occurred in these
experiments than in the November-December tests. Since these earlier
phycocyanin determinations were not equated as to weight, the greater
amount of phycocyanin may be due to a general increase in biomass rather
than a proportionally greater growth of blue-green algae. The biomass
determinations indicate that the growth was double or more than double
in these experiments. All of these experiments show a decided increase
in phycocyanin in the nickel-containing tests when compared with the
control (PI. 7, Fig. 4).
The July-August experiments were carried out in order to confirm earlier
results. The concentrations tested ranged from 5.9-^3.3 ug/1. This was
a series run to obtain photographs of the blue-green algae. Data for
accumulation of nickel and ^C uptake were not obtained.
65
-------
The results of these experiments are given in Tables 20, l4l-1^5» and
correspond with those of earlier experimentsthat is, the diatoms were
severely affected by the increase in concentrations of nickel and blue-
green algae became very common, increasing in commonness with increases
in concentration. These observational notes are also substantiated by
the photographs (Plate 8).
The extraction results do not indicate the increase in blue-green algae
when compared with the control. The difference in observations and pig-
ment extractions are probably due to Schizothrix calcicola, a very small
filamentous blue-green. It can be very abundant but produce very little
phycocyanin as compared with the many fewer filaments of the larger
species of blue-green algae such as Microcoleus vaginatus. The extraction
results indicate that at 36.5 ug/1 there was a very decided increase in
blue-green algae; at 5.9 ug/1 there was some increase but not as pro-
nounced as at 36.5 ug/1. At 6.4 ug/1 the extraction indicates that blue-
green algae were not as common as in the control; however, this is prob-
ably due to the frequent occurrence of Schizothrix calcicola. Observa-
tions showed this species was very common at this concentration.
The chlorophyll analyses indicate a decrease in chlorophyll c as one
might expect in the various nickel concentrations. The highest concen-
trations of diatoms were in the control. The highest amount of chloro-
phyll a and lowest amount of chlorophyll c was at the average concentra-
tion of 5-9 ug/1 where the green algae Oedoqonium and Spiroqyra sp. were
more common than in the other experiments and blue-green algae were
common, but diatom growth was very low.
66
-------
Figure 1. Control for the
nickel experiments, showing
dominance of diatoms.
Figure 2. Nickel, 5.9 p.g/1.
Blue-green algae, Microcoleus
vaginatus, dominant.
Figure 3. Nickel, 36.5 [j.g/1.
Blue-green algae, Microcoleus
vaginatus, Schizothrix cal-
cicola. and Achnanthes
lanceolata.
PLATE 8
67
-------
The results of these experiments indicate that nickel is deleterious to
the growth of diatoms even at very low concentrations and that greens
and blue-greens seem to be more tolerant. The blue-greens seem to be
much more tolerant of higher concentrations than the greens. It is
interesting to note that at the lower concentrations of nickel Stiqeo-
clorn'urn lubricum tended to increase in several of the experiments. The
accumulation of nickel seems to affect the li(C uptake and, as with other
heavy metals, when it reaches a given threshold it can have a very
serious affect on C uptake. However, some uptake was observed at
concentrations of 0.5 mg/1 and 1 mg/1 in the water although it was
significantly lower than the uptake in the control.
RUBIDIUM
Two series of rubidium experiments were carried out: June 30-July 18,
1972, and July 28-August 17> 1972. The average day length in June-July
was ]k hours and 50 minutes, being kj minutes longer than in the July-
August experiments.
The chemical background data were quite similar in these two series of
experiments. There was considerable variation in manganese concentra-
tions during the course of most of the tests. However, the magnitude
of variation and concentrations were similar in all the tests. In the
July-August series in test #7 the calcium concentration was at times
higher than usual, but not different enough to produce any definite
effect (Tables 146-157). The average temperature in both series of
experiments was approximately 18°C.
68
-------
In the June-July experiments diversity and the growth of diatoms were
about the same in the control and in the various test concentrations,
ranging from 0.054 mg/1 to 1.03 mg/1 . There did seem to be a slight
tendency for the diversity to be less at 1.104 mg/1 and 1.03 mg/1. One
or more species of green algae were common in most of the tests through
the latter half of the experiments. The exception was 0.1 mg/1. There
seemed to be no tendency for increased blue-green algae (Table 21).
These observational data are supported by the analyses for phycocyanin
that show no significant increase with increases in concentrations of
rubidium (PI. 7, Fig- 5).
C experiments indicate that about the same amount of was taken up
in all tests as compared to the control. Thus the various concentrations
of rubidium did not seem to affect ^C uptake of the algae nor were they
significantly different from that of the control (PI. 7> Fig. 6).
Rubidium was accumulated by the algae during the course of the experi-
ment. As with other metals, the greatest increase in uptake is at the
lower concentrations. There was continued uptake in all concentrations
but the concentration per gram of biomass at 1.0 mg/1 had not increased
in the same proportion to the water concentration as at the lower con-
centrations. At 1.0 mg/1, 2,160 ug/gm of rubidium were accumulated
(PI. 7, Fig. 7).
The results of the July-August rubidium experiments were very similar to
those carried out in June-July (Tables 151-157). As seen from Table 22
diatoms dominated all communities at all times during the experiments.
69
-------
Likewise, the diversity was good at all times. The green and blue-green
algae varied in their commonness. Greens were typically common to fairly
rare depending on the species. The blue-green algae were rare to frequent
but never were common. Phycocyanin pigment analyses were not carried
out. However, there was no observational data that indicated this in-
crease.
As seen by PI. 7, Fig. 8, the 1/+C uptake was quite similar in all experi-
ments as one might expect. It seemed to be slightly higher at higher
concentrations when compared with the control.
The rubidium accumulation (ug/gm) increased with increased concentra-
tion, the greatest rate of increase being between the control and 0.5
mg/1. The slopes of the line compared quite favorably with those in the
first series of experiments. The accumulation at 1.0 mg/1 was less than
half the amount in the first experiment (865 ug/gm compared to 2,160
ug/gm). At 2 mg/1 the accumulation was similar but a little less than
at 1.0 mg/1 in the first series of experiments (PI. 7, Fig. 9).
From these experiments it would appear that rubidium has no significant
effect on the species composition of algal communities in the ranges
tested.
70
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SECTION VII
REFERENCES
1. Arnon, D. T., and C. Wessel. Vanadium as an Essential Element for
Green Plants. Nature (London). 172(4388): 1039-1040, December 1953.
2. Holm-Hansen, O. Doctoral Thesis, University of Wisconsin. 1954.
3. Allen, M. B. Photosynthetic Nitrogen Fixation by Blue-green Algae.
Sci. Monthly. 83^(2): 100, August 1956.
4. Cerloff, G. C. Comparative Mineral Nutrition of Plants. Ann. Rev. of
Plant Physiol. 1^:107-123,1963.
5. Eyster, C. Necessity of Boron for Nostoc muscorum. Nature (London).
V70(4331): 755, November 1952.
6. Kumar, H. D., and G. Prakash. Toxicity of Selenium to the Blue-green
Algae, Anacystis vidulans and Anabaena variabilis. Ann. Bot.
35(141): 697-705, June 1971.
7. Patrick, R. The Effect of Varying Amounts and Ratios of Nitrogen and
Phosphate on Algae Blooms. Proc. 21st Ann. Industrial Waste Conference,
Purdue Univ., Lafayette, Indiana, 1967. p. 41-51.
8. Mel I rath, W. J., and J . Skok. Boron Requirements of Chlorella vulgaris.
Bot. Gaz. 119(4): 231-233, June 1958.
9. McBride, L., W. Chorney, and J . Skok. Growth of Chlorella in Relation
to Boron Supply. Bot. Gaz. 132(1): 10-13, March 1971.
10. Bowen, J. E., H. G. Gauch, R. W. Krauss, and R. A. Galloway. The
Nonessentiality of Boron for Chlorella. J . of Phycology. 1J4): 151 -154,
December 1965.
11. Lewin, J . Boron as a Growth Requirement for Diatoms. J . of Phycology.
2 (4): 160-163, December 1966.
12. Mertz, W. Chromium Occurrence and Function in Biological Systems.
Physiological Reviews. 49(2): 163-239, April 1969.
13. Zajic, J. E. Microbial Biogeochemistry. New York, Academic Press,
1969. 345 p.
14. Bringmann, G., and R. Ku'hn. The Toxic Effects of Waste Water on
Aquatic Bacteria, Algae, and Small Crustaceans. Gesundheits-lng.
(Munich/Berlin). 80:115,1959.
71
-------
15. Clendenning, K. A., and W. J. North. Effect of Wastes on the Giant Kelp,
Macrocystis pyrifera. In: Pearson, E. A. (ed.) Proc. 1st Int. Conf.
Waste Disposal in the Marine Environment, 1960. p. 82-91.
16. Baum, L. S., and J . C. O'Kelley. (Abstract of paper presented at meeting.)
Plant Physiology. 41; 34, January 1966.
17. Butler, C. W., and P. J. Peterson. Uptake and Metabolism of Inorganic
Forms of Selenium - 75 Spirodela oligorrhiza. AustralianJ. Biol. Sci.
(Melbourne). 2J)(1): 77-86, February 1967.
18. Schrift, A. Sulphur, Selenium Antagonism 1. Antimetabolite Action of
Selenate on the Growth of Chlorella vulgaris. American J . Bot. 41j 223-
230, March 1954.
19. Patrick, R. The Structure of Diatom Communities in Similar Ecological
Conditions. American Naturalist. 102(924): 173-183, March-April 1968.
20. Patrick, R., B. Crum, and J. Coles. Temperature and Manganese as
Determining Factors in the Presence of Diatom or Blue-green Algal Floras
in Streams. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 64(2): 472-487, October 1969.
21. Lorenzen, C. J . Determination of Chlorophyll and Pheopigments:
Spectrophotometric Equations. Limnology and Oceanography. 12(2):
343-346, April 1967.
22. Seely, G. R., M. J. Duncan, and W. E. Vidaver. Preparative and
Analytical Extraction of Pigments from Brown Algae with Dimethyl-
sulfoxide. Marine Biology (Berlin) . 12(2): 184-188, January 1972.
23. Jeffrey, S. W. Preparation and Some Properties of Crystaline Chlorophylls .
Biochemica et Biophysica Acta (Amsterdam). 279_(1): 15-33, August 1972. c
24. Swingle, S. M., and A. Tiselius. Tricalcium Phosphate as an Adsorbant
in the Chroma tog raphy of Proteins. Biochemical Journal (London).
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25. Troxler, R. F., and R. Lester. Formation, Chromophore Composition,
and Labeling Specificity of Cyanidium caldarium Physocyanin. Plant
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26. Slavin, W. Atomic Adsorption Spectroscopy. New York, Interscience,
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27. Harvey, R. S., and R. Patrick. Concentration of 137Cs, 65Zn, and 85Sr
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October 1967.
72
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SECTION VIM
APPENDICES
Page
A. Observational Notes-Tables 74
B. Charts of Chemical and Physical Data - Tables 107
C. Determination of Selenium Compound in
Algal Biomass 242
73
-------
APPENDIX A
OBSERVATIONAL NOTES -TABLES
Table 1 . VANADIUM JULY 22 - AUGUST 12, 1971
Observational Notes
Test
It
Amount V
8-7-71*
5
2
20.0
20.7
8.8
9.9
3.4
3.6
control
control
Diatoms
growth - less
diversity - good
Bluegreens - frequent
As ttl
Diatoms
diversity - good
Melosira varians - dominant
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms
diversity - good
_M_. varians - dominant
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms
diversity - good
M. varians - dominant
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms
diversity - good
M. varians - dominant
Bluegreens - frequent +
Diatoms
diversity - good
M. varians - dominant
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms
diversity - good
M. varians - dominant
Bluegreens - frequent
* No notes made at beginning of experiment. These records were made
near the end of the experiment.
-------
Table 2 . VANADIUM SEPTEMBER 11-OCTOBER 11, 1971
Observational Notes
Test Amount V
tt
9-12-71
9-26-71
10-9-71
40
39.7
vn
18.4
20.1
8.7
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens - frequent
As #1
As ffi
As tti
As
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Melosira varians - common
Greens - frequent
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
M. varians - common
Greens - fairly rare
Bluegreens - 15%
fields examined
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
M. varians - common
Greens - poorly developed
Bluegreens - 10%
fields examined,
a few filaments
As in #2 except
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
M. varians - common
Greens - rare
Bluegreens - 50%
fields examined,
a few filaments
Diatoms - biomass
less than control
diversity - poorer
growth - poor
Greens - rare to frequent
Bluegreens - common
As #1
Diatoms - biomass
less than control
Greens
Stigeoclonium - rare
to frequent
Bluegreens - frequent +
As #2
Diatoms
diversity - poor
M. varians - common
Greens - a few
protonema of
Stigeoclonium
Bluegreens - common
-------
Table 2 (continued). VANADIUM.SEPTEMBER 11 - OCTOBER 11, 1971
Observational Notes
Test Amount V
# (tig/U 9-12-71
9-26-71
10-9-71
9.1
control
control
As
As
As #1
Diatoms - dominant
M. varians - common
Greens - rare
Bluegreens - 10%
fields examined,
a few filaments
Diatoms - dominant
M. varians - common
Greens - rare
Bluegreens - frequent
As in #4 except
Bluegreens - much less
frequent
As in #3 except
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - rare
Bluegreens - frequent
to common
As #4
-------
Table 3 . VANADIUM NOVEMBER 5 - DECEMBER 12, 1971
Observational Notes
Test Amount V
ff (me A) 1 a-3-71
control Diatoms
growth - good
Bluegreens - frequent
4.07 Diatoms
growth - poor
Bluegreens - thick growth
2.02 Diatoms
growth - heavy
Bluegreens - common
0.21 Diatoms
growth - good
diversity - good
Bluegreens - frequent +
-------
Table 4. VANADIUM FEBRUARY 1 - MARCH 11, 1972
Observational Notes
Test
Amount V
(ng/1)
1-29-72
2-8-72
3-8-72
4.8
4.2
00
control
control
Diatoms
diversity- excellent
Greens - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - frequent
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - common
Ulothrix
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - frequent
Ulothrix
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - frequent
Ulothrix
Stigeoclonium
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - common
Ulothrix - some
Stigeoclonium
Bluegreens - fair number
Diatoms
poor condition
Greens - present
As #1 except some
Bluegreens
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens
Ulothrix - common
Stigeoclonium - frequent
As #4
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens
Ulothrix - common
Stigeoclonium - frequent
As #3
Diatoms
poor condition
Greens
Ulothrix ? - common
Bluegreens - very common
As ttl
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - common
Ulothrix
Stigeoclonium
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - very
common
Bluegreens - very frequent
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - present
Bluegreens - rare *
-------
Table 5 . CHROMIUM MARCH 27 - APRIL 27, 1972
_.. Observational Kotes
Test
tt
Anount Cr
4-7 - 4-11-7;
4-27-72
control
control
vo
49
50
97
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Spirogyra - common
Ulothrix - frequent
Bluegreens - rare +
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Ulothrix - frequent
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Ulothrix - common
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - fairly good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - rare +
Bluegreens - in patches
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - fair
Greens
Stigeoclonium - frequent
Bluegreens - common
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - fair
Greens
Stigeocloniun - frequent
Ankistrodesrcus - abundant
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - dor.ir.ar.t
diversity - good
Bluegreens - frequent
Diator.s - donir.ar.t
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeocloniu- - rare
Bluegreens - frequent
Diato-s - dor.ir.ar.i
diversity - good
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - donir.ant
diversity - good
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatons - dominant
diversity - fair
Greens
Srigeoclpniur. - cor_r.or
Selenastrun - rare
Bluegreens - frequent +
-------
Table 5 (continued). CHROMIUM MARCH 27 - APRIL 27, 1972
Observational Notes
Test
tt
Amount Cr
4-7 - 4-11-72
4-22-72
4_26 - 4-27-72
95
397
396
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - poor
Greens
Stigeoclonium - present
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - mostly dead
Greens
Stigeoclonium - abundant
Bluegreens - abundant
Diatoms - mostly dead
Greens
Stigeoclonium - abundant
Bluegreens - abundant
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - poor
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - rare
Bluegreens - abundant
Diatoms - rare
Bluegreens - abundant
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - fair
Greens
Stigeoclonium - conmon
Bluegreens - frequent *
Diatoms - rare
Greens - rare except
Selanastrum bibraeanun
common
Diatoms - rare
Greens - rare
Bluegreens - abundant
oo
o
-------
Table 6 . CHROMIUM MAY 11 - MAY 26, 1972
Observational Notes
Test Amount Cr
It (He/I)
5-10-72
5-21-72
5-25-72
control
8
control
CO
49
49
100
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Cursory examination
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Cursory examination
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Cursory examination
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Cursory examination
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Cursory examination
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Snirogyra - rare
Oedoaonium - rare
Ulothrix - frequent
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Ulothrix - frequent
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Ulothrix - frequent
Oedogonium - frequent
Stigeoclonium rare
Bluegreens - rare +
As #7
Diatoms - dominant
Greens
Stigeoclonium - frequent
Bluegreens - rare
Diatons - doi~inar.t
Greens
Ulothrix
Stiaeocloniun
As #4
Diatons - dominant
Greens
Ulothrix
As #7
Diator.s - dominant
-------
Table 6(continued). CHROMIUM MAY 11 - MAY 26, 1972
Observational Notes
Test
11
Amount Cr
5-10-72
5-21-72
5-26-72
oo
99
407
403
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Cursory examination
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Cursory examination
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Cursory examination
Diatoms - dominant
good condition
diversity - fair
Greens
Stigeoclonium - common
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - poor condition
Greens
Stigeoclonium - common
Bluegreens - abundant
As #1
Diatorr.s - dominant
Diatoms - poor conditio:
Greens
Stigeocloniura
Unicellular - greer.
Bluegreens - abundant
As #1
-------
Table 7. CHROMIUM JUNE 30-JULY 21, 1972
Observational Notes
Test
ft
Amount Cc
(me A)
6-27-72
7-15-72
7-21-72
control
0.398
GO
0.38
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - rare
Spirogyra - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - rare
Spirogyra - rare
Ulothrix - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - rare
Soirogyra - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium -
frequent +
Spirogyra - common
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - poor
condition
Bluegreens - very
common
Diatoms - poor
condition
Bluegreens - very
common
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Bluegreens
Unicellular algae -
frequent
Diatoms -
mostly dead
Bluegreens - abundant
Unicellular algae -
abundant
Schizothrix - common
Oscillatoria - common
As# 6
-------
Table 8. CHROMIUM JULY 28 - AUGUST 17, 1972
Observational Not es
Test
#
Amount Cr
Cms/1)
7-30-72
8-13-72
8-17-72
control
0.4
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Spirogyra - frequent
Ulothrix - frequent
Bluegreens - frequent
As #4
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Spirogyra - frequent +
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - poor condition
diversity - poor
Bluegreens - very common
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Spirogyra - rare +
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - mostly dead
Bluegreens - very common
oo
-------
Table 9 . SELENITE SEPTEMBER 20 - OCTOBER 20, 1972
Observational Notes
Test
*
Amount Se
(mg/1 SeOs)
9-24-72
10-3-72
10-20-72
oo
vn
40.8
20.9
10.6
5.4
2.6
1.04
Diatoms - excellent
Greens - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - excellent
Greens - rare
Diatoms - excellent
Greens - rare
Diatoms - excellent
Greens - rare
Diatoms - excellent
Greens - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - excellent
Greens - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - heavy growth
Greens - frequent
Stigeoclonium
Oedogonium
Diatoms - heavy growth
Greens - frequent
Stigeoclonium
Oedogonium
Diatoms - very heavy
growth
Greens - frequent
Oedogonium
Cladophora
Stigeoclonium
Diatoms - good
Greens - frequent
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - good
Greens - frequent +
Stigeoclonium
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - excellent
Greens - rare
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - good growth
diversity - poor
No Greens
No Bluegreens
Diatoms - heavy growth
diversity - less
Greens - rare
Diatoms - heavy growth
Greens - frequent
Stigeoclonium
Oedogonium
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - good
Greens - frequent +
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - good
Greens - frequent
Oedogonium
Spirogyra
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - excellent
Greens - frequent
Stigeocloniurc
Bluegreens - frequent +
-------
Table 9 (continued). SELENITE SEPTEMBER 20 - OCTOBER 20, 1972
Observational Notes
Test
ft
Amount Se
(mg/i SeO:^
9-24-72
1Q-3-72
10-20-72
control
Diatoms - excellent
Greens - rare
Bluegreens - not seen
Diatoms - excellent
Greens - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - excellent
Greens - rare
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - excellent
Greens - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - excellent
Greens - frequent
Stigeoclonium
Spirogyra
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - excellent
Greens - frequent
Stigeoclonium
Oedogoniura
Spirogyra
Bluegreens - rare
oo
-------
Table 10. SELENITE NOVEMBER 9 - DECEMBER 4, 1972
Observational Notes
Test
tt
Amount Se
(mg/1)
11-9-72
11-21-72
12-2-72
Oo
40.9 Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - frequent
Stigeoclonium
Oedogonium
Bluegreens - rare
40.3 Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - frequent
Stigeoclonium
Bluegreens - rare
10.4 Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - frequent
Stigeoclonium
Bluegreens - rare
10.3 Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - frequent
Stigeoclonium
Oedogonium
Bluegreens - rare
1.07 Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - frequent
Stigeoclonium
Spirogyra
Oedogonium
greens - rare
Diatoms
diversity - fair
Greens - rare
Stigeoclonium
Oedogonium
Ulothrix
As #1
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - rare
Stigeoclonium
Ulothrix
Oedogonium
As #2
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - common
Stigeoclonium - common
Ulothrix - rare
Oedogonium - rare
Diatoms
diversity - greatly
reduced
Greens - rare
As tt).
Diatoms - heavy growth
diversity - reduced
Greens - frequent
Stigeoclonium
Ulothrix
Oedogonium
As #2 except Greens - rare
Diatoms - heavy growth
diversity - good
Greens - frequent
Stigeoclonium
Ulothrix
Oedogonium
Bluegreens - rare
Schizothrix
-------
Table 10( continued).
SELENITE NOVEMBER 9 - DECEMBER 4, 1972
Observational Notes
Test
it
Amount Se
11-9-72
11-21-72
12-2-72
1.04
control
oo
oo
control
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - frequent
Stigeoclonium
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - frequent
Stigeoclonium
Bluegreens - rare
'Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - frequent
Stigeoclonium
Oedogonium
Bluegreens - rare
As #3
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - rare
Stigeoclonium
Oedogonium
As
As #3
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - rare
Stigeoclonium
Oedogonium
Ulothrix
Bluegreens - rare
Schizothrix calcicola
Oscillatoria
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens - rare
Stigeoclonium
Oedogonium
Ulothrix
Bluegreens - rare
Oscillatoria
-------
Table H. SELENIUM APRIL 3 - MAY 11, 1973
Observational Notes
Test
Amount Se
(mg/1)
4-3-73
4-8-73
5-7-73
00
M3
41.5 Se04 Diatoms - dominant
Greens
Stigeoclonium - frequent
Bluegreens - frequent
10.6 Se04 Diatoms - common
A little Bluegreen
A little Stigeoclonium
1.2 Se04 Diatoms - common
Stigeoclonium - none
Bluegreens - very little
40.5 Se03 Diatoms - dominant
Schizothrix - rare
Oscillatoria - frequent
Stigeoclonium - rare
10.4 Se03 Diatoms - dominant
Oscillatoria - frequent
Stigeoclonium - rare to
frequent
1.1 Se03 Diatoms - dominant
Oscillatoria - frequent
Stigeoclonium - non seen
No living algae
No Diatoms living
A few Bluegreens
Diatoms - very few
A little Stigeoclonium
Lots of Bluegreens
Diatoms - dominant
growth - excellent
Schizothrix - frequent
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - less
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - dominant
Bluegreens - common
No algae growth
No Diatoms living
Schizothrix - very common
Diatoms - poor
Lots of Stigeoclonium
Bluegreens - common'
Diatoms - fair, more than
Greens
Greens
Stigeoclonium - fair amount
Schizothrix - fair-low
(biomass much less than 6)
Diatoms - poor
Greens
Stigeoclonium very common
Draparnaldia - frequent
Bluegreens
Schizothrix - frequent - common
Diatoms - diversity restricted
Achnanthes lanceolata -
common
Greens - common
Stigeoclonium
Ankistrodesmus
Bluegreens - common
-------
Table 11(continued). SELENIUM APRIL 3 - MAY 11, 1973
^_ Observational Notes
Test
*
Amount Se
(ng/1)
4-3-73
4-8-73
5-7-73
control Diatoms - dominant
Stigeoclonium - rare
Bluegreens - rare +
Diatoms - dominant
More Stigeoclonium
Diatoms - dominant
Schizothrix calcicola - freqeunt
Ulothrix - common
vo
o
-------
Test
Table12. SELENIUM JUNE 15 - JULY 3f 1973
Observational Notes
Amount Se
(me/1)
6-9-73
6-21-73
7-1-73
40.4
10.3 Se04
1.1 Se04
40.9 Se03
10.6 SeOi
1.1 Se03
Diatoms - dominant
Greens
Stigeoclonium - frequent
A few Bluegreens
Diatoms - dominant
Stigeoclonium - frequent
Ulothrix - frequent
Diatoms - dominant
A little Green
Diatoms - dominant
Greens - a few
Bluegreens - a few
Diatoms - dominant
Stigeoclonium protonema
frequent
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
Greens - frequent
Stigeoclonium
Closterium
Diatoms - dead or
poor condition
No Bluegreens or
Greens seen
Diatoms - poor
condition
Greens - poor
condition
Diatoms - a few species
good condition
diversity - down
Greens - common
Bluegreens
Schizothrix
Diatoms - poor condition
Diatoms - good condition
Greens - frequent +
Stigeoclonium protonema
Diatoms - growth excellent
No Diatoms
Nothing alive
(some Bluegreens)
Diatorr.s - poor
Greens - rare
Bluegreens - corar.on
Schizothrix
Diatoms - few
Greea - comnon
Bluegreens - common
Diatoms - growth heavy-
Greens - a few
Diatoms - good
diversity - not as
much as 7
Greens -
Cosmarium - frequent
Stigeoclonium - rare
Bluegreens - frequent -
Diatoms - excellent
Greens
Stigeocl.oniun - frequent
Bluegreens - a few
-------
Table 12(continued).
SELENIUM JUNE 15 - JULY 3, 1973
Observational Notes
Test
It
Amount Se
Cnw/ll
6-9-73
6-21-73
7-1-73
control Diatoms - dominant
Greens - frequent
Stigeoclonium
Closterium
Diatoms - growth excellent
Greens - a few
Bluegreens - few
Diatoms - diversity good
vo
-------
Table 13 BORON MAY 20 - JUNE 13, 1970
Observational Notes
Test
ft
Anount B
(mg/1)
5-27-70
6-5-70
6-13-70
vo
control
0.03
0.15
0.52
1.07
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens - fairly common
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Closterium - rare
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - dominant
Greens - quite common
Bluegreens - quite common
Diatoms - dominant
Greens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - rare
Bluegreens
common in spots
(frequent overall)
Diatoms - dominant
Greens
Stigeoclonium - rare
Unicellular - common
Bluegreens - common
Diatoms - dominant
Greens
Stigeoclonium - rare
Unicellular - frequent
Bluegreens - common
Diatoms - dominant
Greens
Stigeoclonium - very
common
Bluegreens - common
Diatoms - dominant
Greens
Unicellular - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
Greens
Cosnarium - frequent
'Stigeocloniun - rare
Bluegreens - very comaon
As #2
Diatoms - poor condition
Greens
Cosinariurn - abundant
Stigeocloniun - rare
Bluegreens - abundant
-------
vo
control
0.029
0.118
0.52
1.05
Table 14. BORON JUNE 26 - AUGUST 6, 1970
Observational Notes
Test
ft
Amount B
Cm*/!)
7-3-70
7-20-70
7-26-70
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium protonema -
frequent
Unicellular - frequent
Diatoms - dominant
Greens
Unicellular - frequent
Bluegreens
Filamentous - frequent +
Unicellular - frequent +
Diatoms - growth fair
Melosira - frequent
Greens
Stigeoclonium - frequent +
Unicellular - rare
Bluegreens - frequent +
Diatoms - growth common
Greens
Stigeoclonium - common +
Unicellular - rare
Bluegreens
Unicellular - common
Filamentous - frequent
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - diverse
Bluegreens - very common
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - diverse
Bluegreens - common
As #2
As #2, Bluegreens more
common
Diatoms - present
Greens
Stigeoclonium - very
common
Bluegreens - very common
Diatoms - present
Greens
Stigeoclonium - very corur.on
Bluegreens - very common
-------
Table 15. BORON SEPTEMBER 24-NOVEMBER 4, 1970
Observational Notes
Test
Amount B
9-20-70
10-12-70
11-2-70
control
0.032
0.125
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - frequent
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
VQ
vn
0.488
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Diatoms - dominant
diversity- good
Greens
Spirogyra - common
Scenedesmus - very
common
Bluegreens - frequent +
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - less than
control
Greens
Scenedesmus - abundant
Unicellular - very
common
Spirogyra - common
Bluegreens
Unicellular - very common
Filamentous - common
Diatoms
diversity - poor
Greens
Scenedesmus - common +
Spirogyra - common
Bluegreens - abundant
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - fair
Greens
Spirogyra - common
Bluegreens - frequent
As * 1
Except Bluegreens -
fairly common
Diatoms
diversity - poor
Greens
Spirogyra - common
Bluegreens very common
Filamentous - cornmon
Unicellular - common
L.04
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Diatoms - common
diversity - poor
Greens
Spirogyra - frequent
Bluegreens - abundant
Diatoms - cotrunon
diversity - poor
Greens
Spirogvra - very
conmon
Bluegreens - abundant
-------
Table 16. NICKEL
MARCH 29 - APRIL 29, 1971
Observational Notes
Test
ft
Amount Ni
(Hg A)
4-1-71
4-13-71
4-25-71
vo
ON
8.6
7-6
4.78
4.54
2.0
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Ulothrix - common
Stigeoclonium - present
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - fair
Greens
Ulothrix - common
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Ulothrix - common
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Ulothrix - common
Diatoms
diversity - poor
Greens
Ulothrix - very common
Stigeoclonium - frequent
Ankistrodesmus
Bluegreens - frequent +
Diatoms
diversity -poor
Greens
Ulothrix - common ;
Stigeoclonium - common
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms
diversity - poor
Greens
Ulothrix - very common
Stigeoclonium - very
common
Bluegreens - common
Diatoms
diversity - poor
Ulothrix - very common
Bluegreens - common
Diatoms - dominant
Greens
Ulothrix - common
Stigeoclonium - frequent
Bluegreens - rare
Diatons - very feu-
Greens
Ulothrix - abundant
Scenedesmus - corur.on
Bluegreens - abundant
Diatons
diversity - fair
Greens
Ulothrix - common
Bluegreens - abundant
Diatoms
diversity - poor
Greens
Ulothrix - abundant
Bluegreens - abundant
Diatoms
diversity - poor
Bluegreens - abundant
Diatons
diversity - fair
Greens
Ulothrix - frequent
Spirogyra - frequent
Bluegreens - frequent
-------
Table 16 (continued). NICKEL MARCH 29 - APRIL 29, 1971
Observational Notes
Test
ft
Amount Ni
Wl)
4-1-71
4-13-71
4-25-71
2.21
control
vo
control
Diatjms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - common
Ulothrix - common
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Ulothrix - common
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - fair
Greens
Ulothrix - frequent +
Diatoms
diversity - fair
Greens
Ulothrix - common
Stigeoclonium - frequent
Bluegreens - very common
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens
Ulothrix - frequent
Stigeoclonium - common
Bluegreens - frequent
As #3
Diatoms
diversity - poor
Greens
Stigeocloniun - common
Bluegreens - abundant
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens
Ulothrix - frequent
Stigeoclonium - frequent
Spirogyra - frequent
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens
Cosmarium - rare
Scenedesmus - rare
Bluegreens - frequent
-------
Table 17. NICKEL MAY 22 - JULY 13, 1971
Poservational Notes
Test
Amount Ni
(UK/1)
5-15-71
6-1-71
6-24 - 7-2-71
control
vo
oo
control
2.2
2.3
4.9
5.1
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Ulothrix - rare +
Colonial greens - rare +
Stigeoclonium - frequent
Bluegreens - rare
As #3
Diatoms -dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Ulothrix - rare
Spirogyra - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - frequent
Ulothrix - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - frequent
Ulothrix - rare
Spirogyra - rare
As ItS except no Spirogyra
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium -
frequent
Unicellular - rare
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - common
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - common
Unicellular - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - common
Bluegreens - rare +
As #6
Bluegreens - a little less
Diatoms - dominant
Greens
Stigeoclonium - common
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - frequent ?
Bluegreens - rare
As #3
Diatoms - dominant
Greens
Stigeocloniun - frequent
Bluegreens - very common
As #2
Bluegreens not quite so
common
Diatoms - frequent
condition - fair
Greens
Stigeoclonium - very cor.r.on
Ankistrodesnus - frequent
Bluegreens - connon
As #5 except Bluegreens
very common
-------
Table 17 (continued). NICKEL MAY 22 - JULY 31, 1971
Observational Notes
Test
tt
Amount Ni
(JtR/1)
5-15-71
6-1-71
6-24 - 7-2-71
8.1
9.1
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - frequent
Closterium - frequent
Ulothrix - rare
Unicellular - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - frequent
Ulothrix - rare
Diatoms - dominant
Greens
Stigeoclonium - common
Unicellular - rare
Bluegreens - rare
As #8
Diatoms - frequent
Greens
Stigeocloniun - very corunon
Ankistrodesnus - frequent
Bluegreens - common
As #8
vo
-------
Table 18 NICKEL NOVEMBER 5 - DECEMBER 12, 1971
Observational Notes
Test
ft
Amount Ni
(mg/1)
11-16-71
12-3-71
1.04
0.5
Diatoms
only Achnanthes
minutissima
reproducing - most
plasmolized
Greens - fairly common
Diatoms - better than 1
fair condition
Greens,,
Stigeoclonium protonema
common
Diatoms
Achnanthes minutissima - very
common
Greens
Stigeoclonium protonema - frequent
Bluegreens - unicellular - very common
As
0.05
o
o
control
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - frequent
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - rare
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - rare
Spirogyra - rare
Bluegreens - frequent
D*atoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - rare
Bluegreens - frequent
-------
Table 19. NICKEL
FEBRUARY 1 - MARCH 11, 1972
Observational Notes
Test
Amount Ni
(mg/1)
1-29-72
2-8-72
3-5/3-8-72
control
control
0.47
1.0
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium protonema -
frequent
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - frequent
Ulothrix - common
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - common
Ulothrix - frequent +
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - rare
Ulothrix - frequent *
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - 'dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - rare +
Ulothrix - frequent +
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - rare +
Ulothrix - frequent +
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - poor condition
diversity - poor
Greens
Stigeoclonium - common
Ulothrix - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - poor condition
diversity - poor
Greens
Stigeoclonium - common
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Ulothrix - abundant
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Ulothrix - abundant
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - only a few species
diversity - poor
Greens
Stigeoclonium - frequent +
Bluegreens
Unicellular - common
Diatoms - poor condition
diversity - poor
Greens
Stigeoclonium - frequent
Bluegreens
Unicellular - common
-------
Table 20 . NICKEL
JULY 20 - AUGUST 20,
Observational Notes
1973
Test
ff
Amount Ni
(Ug/1)
7-20-73
8-10-73
8-19-73
Control
6.4
5.9
36.5
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium -
Unicellular green rare-t-
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - rare
Oedogonium - rare
Spirogyra - rare
poor condition
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
some dead
diversity - good
Greens
Oedogonium - rare
Spirogyra -rare
Closterium - rare
Diatoms - growth low
diversity - low
Greens
Oedogonium - rare
Spirogyra - rare
Bluegreens - very common
As in ff 3
Diatoms - growth low
diversity - low
Greens -
Spirogyra - rare
Bluegreens - very common
Diatoms - dominant
Greens
Oedogonium - rare
Spirogyra - rare
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - growth low
good condition
diversity low
Greens
Oedogonium - rare
Bluegreens - common
Diatoms - good condition
growth - low
diversity - low
Greens
Oedogoniun - f requent
Spirogyra - frequent
Bluegreens - common
Diatoms - growth low
health of few spe-
cies - good
diversity - poor
Greens
Oedogonium - rare
Bluegreens - very
common
-------
o
VjO
Table 20j(continued). NICKEL JULY 20 - AUGUST 20, 1973
Observational Notes
Test Amount Ni
ft (Ug/1) 7-20-73 8-10-73 8-19-73
2 43.3 Diatoms - dominant Diatoms - poor condition Diatoms - poor con-
diversity - good Bluegreens - common dition
Greens Greens
Stigeoclonium - frequent Spirogyra - rare
Oedogonium - rare Oedogonium - rare
Unicellular green - rare Bluegreens - common
Bluegreens - rare
-------
Table 21. RUBIDIUM JUNE 30 - JULY 18, 1972
Observational Notes
Test
It
Amount Rb
(me A)
6-27-72
7-15-72
1.03
0.10
0.05
0.05
control
Diatoms - dominant
Greens
StigeocIonium - frequent
Spiro^yra - rare
Ulothrix - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
Greens
Stigeoclonium - frequent
Spirogyra - rare
Bluegreens - rare
As #1
As tf 1 plus some Ulothrix
As #5
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - not as good as control
Greens
Spirogyra - common, healthy
Oedogonium - frequent
Stigeoclonium - frequent +
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - less than control
Greens
Stigeoclonium - rare +
Spirogyra. - poor condition
Bluegreens - a few filaments
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens
Oedogonium - rare
Mougeotia - rare
Stigeoclonium - common
Bluegreens - not seen
Diatoms
diversity - good
Greens
Snirogyra - common
StigeocTonium - frequent +
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Spirogyra - common
Bluegreens - not seen
-------
Table 22, RUBIDIUM JULY 28 - AUGUST 17, 1972
Observational Notes
Test
Amount Rb
(me A)
7-30-72
8-13-72
8-17-72
0.48
0.48
o
vn
1.0
1.0
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Spirogyra - rare
Ulothrix - rare +
Unicellular - rare +
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Ulothrix - frequent
Spirogyra - frequent
Stigeoclonium - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Spirogyra - rare
Ulothrix - rare
Unicellular - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Spirogyra - fairly common
Ulothrix - rare
Stigeoclonium - rare
Unicellular - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Spirogyra - frequent
Oedogonium - rare
Ulothrix - rare
As
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Spirogyra - common
Ulothrix - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Spirogyra - common
Ulothrix - rare
Pediastrum - rare
Oedogonium - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Spirogyra - rare +
Bluegreens - rare
As #3 except:
Spirogyra - frequent
Bluegreens - frequent
As #3 except Spirogyra
common
As #3 except:
Spirogyra - common
Qedogoniun - rare
-------
Table 22 (continued). RUBIDIUM JULY 28 - AUGUST 17, 1972
Observational Notes
Test
Amount Rb
(me/1)
7-30-72
8-13-72
8-17-72
2.0
1.99
control
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Spirogyra - rare
Ulothrix - rare
Stigeoclonium - rare
Unicellular - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stiejeoclonium - fairly
common
Ulothrix - frequent
Spirogyra - frequent
Unicellular - rare
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Spirogyra - frequent
Ulothrix - frequent
Bluegreens - frequent
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Spirogyra - frequent *
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Stigeoclonium - rare
Ulothrix - rare
Spirogyra - frequent *
Bluegreens - rare
Diatoms - dominant
diversity - good
Greens
Spirogyra - frequent +
Bluegreens - frequent
As #6 except no
Bluegreens seen
As 82
As #3
-------
APPENDIX B
CHARTS OF CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL DATA - TABLES
Table 23. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 7-22-71/8-12-71
Test? 20.7ng/.V
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SO,, mg/1
t
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V Hg/1
Zn
Cu
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na rag/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
14.89°
7.538
2.14
0.115
0.150
25.8
15.8
00.0
54.2
14.0
69.0
90.0
20.7
~
0.089
0.15
5.9
2.2
14tll»
SO
1.476°
0.543
0.6288
0.0429
0.0848
2.501
8.333
7.274
--
0.1005
0.0722
*
S£
0.0714
0.024
1.681
0.0107
0.0346
0.6684
2.777
.
1.878
~
~
0.0268
0.0195
to-
-
Maximum
17.22° -2*
9.0 -1
3.25 -1
0.186 -1
0.278 -1
31.2 -1
20.3 -1
00.0 -
76.0 -1
16.0 -1
74.0 -1
94.0 -1
32.0 -2
0.36 -1
0.30 -1
6.0 -1
2.2 -1
' 14' 33"
Minimum
13.33° -2*
6.3 -1
1.48 -1
0.039 -1
0.066 -1
20.3 -1
12.0 -1
00.0 -
48.0 -1
12.0 -1
64.0 -1
86.0 -1
6.5 -1
~
0.024 -1
0.05 -2
5.7 -1
2.2 -1
1314711
N
20
19
14
16
6
2
14
9
9
4
2
2
15
--
14
14
2
2
* For pH and temperature -# = hours of occurrence
For chemicals -# = times of occurrence
107
-------
Table 24. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 7-22-71/8-12-71
Tcst.l 20.3 Mg A?
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
pH mg/1
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
KH -N rag/1
S04 rag/1
SiO2 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/l
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard. mg/l
V Hg/1
Zn
Cu
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
14.50°
7.607
1.89
0.123
0.107
25.3
14.6
00.0
53.1
12.5
56.0
96.0
20.3
0.16
6.0
1 SO
1 +
2.452°
0.527
0.839
0.0469
0.0591
««»
2.755
1.764
9.098
"~
"
0.0942
0.0762
--
2.2
14«11"»
t f\O
S£
+
10.1292'
0.024
0.2245
0.0117
0.0241
10. 7263
0.5879
-
2.431
0.0252
0.0204
1 Maximum
20.0° -2
8.7 -2
3.25 -1
0.228 -1
0.20 -1
31.0 -1
18.6 -1-
56.0 -1
14.0 -1
58.0 -1
100.0 -1
45.0 -1
~
0.381 -1
0.32 -1
6.0 -1
2.2 -1
14'33»
Minimum
18.33° -1
6.0 -4
1.08 -2
0.049 -1
0.036 -1
19.6 -1
10.9 -1
--
50.0 -1
12.0 -3
54.0 -1
92.0 -1
8.1 -1
0.001 -1
0.06 -2
6.0 -I
2.2 -I
13«47" '
N
19
19
14
16
6
2
14
..
9
4
2
2
14
14
14
I
1
-------
Table 25. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 7-22-71/8-12-71
Test 6 9.9H^/1V
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V jig/1
Zn
Cu
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
15.17°
7.679
2.02
0.113
0.087
25.8
16.2
00.0
51.6
12.0
56.0
99.0
9.93
0.085
0.15
5.8
2.1
14IU"
SD
^
4.906°
0.561
0.6737
0.0412
0.0353
«»
2.200
3.127
4.366
0.0944
0.0621
SB
+
0.2368°
0.026
0.1801
0.0103
0.0144
0.5880
..
1.042
>»
1.211
0.0252
0.0166
--
Maximum
18.89° -1
9.0 -1
3.14 -1
0.179 -1
0.134 -1
31.3 -1
19.4 -1
00.0
54.0 -3
12.0 -
58.0 -1
100. 0 -1
21.0 -1
0.177 -1
0.28 -1
6,3 -1
2.2 -1
14133"
Minimum
13.89° -1
6.2 -1
1.50 -2
0.042 -1
0.041 -1
20.2 -1
12.6 -1
00.0
44.0 -1
12.0 -
54.0 -1
98.0 -1
2.8 -1
0.015 -1
0.07 -1
5.3 -1
2.0 -1
13 '47"
N
20
19
14
16
6
2
14
9
9
4
2
2
13
~
14
14
2
2
109
-------
Table 26. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 7-22-71/8-12-71
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
pH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V Jig/1
Zn
Cu
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
14.94°
7.736
2.04
0.105
0.108
25.1
14.6
» v
52.7
14.5
56.0
98.0
8.8
0.089
0.17
6.1
2.1
14»11"
***'*> > m
| SD
.*
4.120°
0.527
0.5882
0.0640
--
2.757
»»
2.645
--
--
3.299
0.0819
0.0685
«
..
1' T ~
S£
1
r
0.2167*
0.024
0.1572
0.0111
0.0261
M4»
0.7369
0.8819
--
0.8817
0.0219
0.0183
--
Maximum
20.56° -2
8.9 -1
3.25 -1
0.186 -1
0.20 -1
31.4 -1
18.4 -1
00.0
56.0 -2
16.0 -2
58.0 -1
98.0 -1
13.0 -1
--
0.159 -1
0.31 -1
6.1 -1
2.1 -1
14'33"
Minimum
8.33° -1
6.2 -5
1.45 -1
0.029 -1
0.026 -1
18.8
9.8 -1
00.0
48.0 -1
12.0 -1
54.0 -1
98.0 -1
2.3 -1
0.015 -1
0.08 -1
6.1 -1
2.1 -1
13147"
N
19
19
14
16
6
2
14
9
9
4
2
2
14
14
14
1
1
110
-------
Table 27- SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 7-22-71/8-12-71
Test 3 3.4Hg/l V
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-M mg/1
P04-P ">gA
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
ci me/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
v Hg/1
Zn
Cu
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
15.17°
7.826
1.76
0.108
0.084
24.6
14.0
00.0
53.3
13.5
53.3
99.0
3.44
0.079
0.13
6.3
2.2
-14»11»
SD
+
4.510°
0.542
0.7481
0.0424
0.0500
3.166
2.815
--
--
2.538
0.0907
0.0567
..
SE
+
0.2379°
0.024
0.1999
0.0106
0.0204
0.8462
0.9955
0.704
0.0242
0.0152
Maximum
22.22° -1
9.0 -3
3.01 -1
0.190 -1
0.134 -1
29.5 -1
19.5 -1
00.0
58.0 -1
16.0 -1
54.0 -1
112.0 -1
11.0 -1
0.182 -1
0.26 -1
6.3 -1
2.2 -1
14 "33"
Minimum
8.33° -1
6.3 -1
1.02 -1
0.049 -2
<0.02 -1
19.7 -1
9.8 -1
00.0
50.0 -2
10.0 -1
52.0 -1
86.0 -1
1.0 -1
0.014 -1
0.07 -1
6.3 -1
2.2 -1
13»47"
N
19
19
14
16
6
2
14
8
8
4
3
2
13
14
14
1
I
111
-------
Table 28. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 7-22-71/8-12-71
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
o
Temp. C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V Hg/1
Zn
Cu
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
"x
15.28°
7.748
1.96
0.097
0.078
26.8
15.2
00.0
52.8
12.5
54.0
88.0
3.6
0.069
0.12
6.6
2.4
14.11"
1 SD
-
3.264°
0.603
0.8811
0.0433
0.0453
3.259
1.832
1.694
0.0866
0.0573
1SE
+.
0.1584C
0.028
0.2355
0.0108
0.0185
0.8713
--
0.6478
«
0.4698
-
0.0231
0.0153
--
--
Maximum
18.89° -1
9.0 -2
3.26 -1
0.186 -I
0.128 -1.
31.3 -1
20.7 -I
00.0 -
56.0 -1
14.0 -1
54.0 -1
90.0 -I
7.0 -1
0.136 -1
0.24 -1
6.8 -1
2.6 -1
14«33"
Minimum
13.89° -9
6.2 -1
0.54 -1
0.029 -1
<0.02 -1
22.2 -1
11.8 -2
00.0 -
50.0 -1
12.0 -3
54.0 -1
86.0 -1
1.0 -2
0.013 -1
0.05 -1
6.3 -1
2.2 -1
13«47"
N
20
19
14
16
6
2
14
8
8
4
2
2
13
14
14
2
2
112
-------
Table 29. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 7-22-71/8-12-71
Test 4 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Te«p. °C
PH
N03-N -g/1
P04-P rag/1
NH -N mg/1
SOU mg/1
SiO mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1.
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Zn
Cu
Mn mg/1
Fc mg/1
Na rag/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
15.17
8.07
1.80
0.10
0.08
25.0
15.6
00.0
51.3
12.7
56.0
89.0
<1.0
0.07C
0.14
6.1
2.1
14tll"
SO
4.001°
0.552
0.7138
0.0424
0.0387
--
2.591
2.121
*«
0.0753
0.0783
--
SK
0. ?1C9°
0.026
0.1907
0.0106
0.0157
...
0.6924
0.7500
..
0.0201
0.0209
__
Maximum
16.11° -1
9.1 -3
2.99 -1
18.6 -2
0.136 -1
29.6 -1
18.8 -2
00.0
54.0 -2
14.0 -1
58.0 -1
90.0 -1
<1.0 -
~
0.177 -1
0.32 -1
6.1 -1
2.1 -1
14«33»
Minimum
8.33° -1
6.5 -1
1.12 -1
0.039 -1
0.032 -1
20.4 -1
12.0 -1
00.0
48.0 -1
12.0 -2
54.0 -1
88.0 -2
<1.0 -
0.010 -1
0.06 -2
6.1 -1
2.1 -1
13»47"
N
19
i»
14
16
6
2
14
8
8
3
2
2
12
14
14
I
I
113
-------
Table 30. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 7-22-71/8-12-71
8 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
pH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si00 mg/1
ft
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V |ig/l
Zn
Cu
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
15.50°
7.798
1.76
0.097
0.089
24.9
14.6
00.0
54.3
12.7
47.0
87.0
<1.0
0.089
0.13
5.9
2.3
14'11»
SD
+
2,222 °
0.597
0.7145
0.0498
0.0467
2.718
4.334
0.1105
0.0681
--
SE
+
0.107f
0.028
0.1909
0.0124
0.0190
0.7264
1.532
--
--
-.
--
0.0306
0.0189
--
Maximum
20.0° -1
9.0 -1
2.98 -1
0.209 -1
0.147 -1
30.1 -1
19.0 -1
00.0
62.0 -1
14.0 -1
52.0 -1
90.0 -1
<1.0 -
0.42 -1
0.26 -1
6.1 -1
2.4 -1
14»33»
Minimum
13.89° -»9
6.3 -1
0.95 -1
0.023 -1
0.020 -1
19.7 -1
11.2 -I
00.0
48.0 -1
12.0 -2
42.0 -1
84.0 -1
<1.0 -
0.012 -1
0.05 -1
5.8 -1
2.2 -1
13«47"
N
20
19
14
16
6
2
14
8
8
3
2
2
12
13
13
2
2
-------
Table 31. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 9-12-71/10-11-71
.Test 1 40.7 Hg/1 y
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. oc
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO -P mg/1
NH -N ""g/1
SO mg/1
.»w4
SiO_ mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO rag A
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard. mg/1
V Hg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
14.22°
7.468
2.82
0.159
0.072
24.6
18.4
~
48.7
14.7
52.0
96.0
40.7
0.01K
0.022'
0.180
0.24
6.1
2.75
11159"
SD
JK
3.940°
0.434
0. 2885
0.0804
0.0343
6.605
3.500
3.000
4.163
4.320
6.928
6.024
0.0038
0.0047
0.1146
0.0904
0.7852
0. 2646
SB
0.1552*
0.014
0.0643
0.0185
0.0139
3.302
0.7829
1.000
2.404
2.160
4.000
1.256
0.0017
0.0019
0.0256
0.0202
0.3926
0.1323
Maximum
25.00°
9.0 -1
3.33 -1
0.323-1
0.113-1
30.8 -1
24.6 -1
~
52.0 -3
18.0 -1
58.0 -1
104.0 -1
51.0 -1
0.0155 -1
0.029-1
0.472-1
0.41 -1
7.0 -1
3.1 -1
12»36"
Minimum
11.11°
6.6 -8
2.46 -1
0.057-1
0.024-1
15.3 -1
10.4 -1
44.0 -1
10.0 -1
48.0 -1
92.0 -2
30.0 -1
0.0056 -1
0.015-1
0.035-1
0.10 -1
5.1 -1
2.45 -1
11« 21"
N
595
30
20
19
6
4
20
9
3
4
3
23
5
6
20
20
4
4
115
-------
Table 32. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 9-13-71/!o-ll-7l
.Test 5 39.7 He/1 V
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
so4 *gA
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard. mg/L
V Hg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
"x
15.28°
7.360
2.95
0.147
0.060
25.5
19.9
48.2
13.3
56.5
020
39.7
0.007
0.017
0.165
0.20
6.03
2.78
H'59"
SO
+
2.80°
0.363
0.2777
0.0759
0.0182
6.536
2.647
~
1.202
2.309
4.726
10.00
5.663
0.002
0.005
0.1126
0.0875
0.7632
0.4015
SE
+
0.11°
0.010
0.0621
0.0174
0.0074
3.268
0.5918
0.4006
1.333
2.363
5.774
1.207
0.001
0.002
0.0252
0.0195
0.3816
0.2008
Maximum
21.11°
8.5 -6
3.57 -1
0.310-1
0.084-1
31.2 -1
23.6 -1
50.0 -2
16.0 -1
60.0 -2
112.0 -1
51.0 -1
0.010-1
0.023-1
0.467-1
0.41 -1
6.9 -1
3.3 -1
12«36»
Minimum
19.44°
6.2 -1
2.49 -1
0.068-1
0.028-1
16.1 -1
14.8 -1
46.0 -1
12.0 -2
50.0 -1
92.0 -1
28.0 -1
0.003-1
0.009-1
0.028-1
0.09 -1
5.1 -1
2.45 -1
11121"
N
595
m
20
19
6
4
20
~
9
3
4
3
22
5
6
20
20
4
4
116
-------
Table 33. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 9-12-71/10-11-71
Test 6 20.1 tig/1 V
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °c
PH
NOy-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
^^^ fflff * 3.
C « ^\ ]H£k * *
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V Jig/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/i
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
15.39°
7.410
2.94
0.151
0.058
27.1
18.7
48.2
12.0
58.5
L04.7
20.1
0.007
0.012
0.127
0.22
5.95
2.82
11»59»
SD
3.24°
0.373
0.3799
0.0756
0.0221
7.111
2.883
2.333
2.000
5.972
4.619
3.752
0.002
0.004
0.0769
0.1061
0.6245
0.4337
SE
0.13°
0.014
0.0849
0.0173
0.0090
3.556
0.6447
0.7777
1.154
2.986
2.667
0.7999
0.001
0.002
0.0172
0.0237
0.3122
0.2188
Maximum
21.67°
8.6 -2
3.57 -1
0.306-1
0.084-1
32.0 -1
22.4 -1
52.0 -1
14.0 -1
64.0 -1
110.0 -1
25.7 -1
0.010_i
0.017-1
0.327-1
0.39 -1
6.7 -1
3.4 -1
12»36"
Minimum
10.56°
6.6 -1
2.26 -1
0.067-1
0.020-1
16.6 -1
14.2 -1
44.0 -1
10.0 -1
50.0 -1
102.0 -2
12.5 -1
0.004.1
0.007-1
0.046-1
0.09 -2
5.2 -1
2.46 -1
11121"
N
596
30
20
19
6
4
20
9
3
4
3
22
5
6
20
20
4
4
117
-------
Table 34. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 9-12-71/0-11-71
Test 2 18.4 Hg/1 V
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
H(>3-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/i
V UgA
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/i
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
14.94°
7.390
2.89
0.148
0.059
26.0
18.1
~
51.1
13.3
60.0
98.3
18.4
0.007
0.01C
0.124
0.22
5.9
2.7
1H59"
SO
4.848°
0.553
0.3425
0.0846
0.0188
7.645
2.663
8.253
1.155
11.78
5.507
2.572
0.002
0.003
0.0864
0.1097
0.5795
0.4272
SE
0. 1905
0.020
0.0766
0.0194
0.007
3.823
0.5956
__
2.751
0.6666
5.888
3.179
0.5484
0.001
0.001
0.0193
0.0245
0.2898
0. 2136
Maximum
26.11°
9.0 -2
3.66 -1
0.326-1
0.084-1
31.6 -1
21.8 -1
Minimum
11.11°
6.3 -4
2.39 -1
0.049-1
0.028-1
14.8 -1
14.3 -1
I _~
72.0 -1
14.0 -2
76.0 -1
102.0
23.0 -2
0.009-1
0.014-1
0.375-1
0.41 -1
6.5 -1
3.3 -1
12«36"
44.0 -1
12.0 -1
48.0 -1
92.0
13.0 -1
0.004-1
0.005-1
0.038-1
0.09 -1
5.1 -1
2.4 -2
lit 21"
N
m
36
20
19
6
4
20
__
9
3
4
3
22
5
6
20
20
4
4
118
-------
Table 35. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 9-12-71/10-11-71
Test 7 9.1 Hg/1 V
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. C
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO _P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V Mg/1
Zn rag/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na rog/1
K mg/1
Daylength
3C
16.00°
7.511
2.76
0.145
0.083
26.4
16.4
48.4
12.7
56.0
92.7
9.1
0.004
0.007
0.115
0.19
5.93
2.88
Ili59«
SO
3.62°
0.348
0.3011
0.0816
0.0432
7.809
2.547
6.227
2.309
6.325
10.06
1.637
0.001
0.002
0.1105
0.1059
0.7089
0.3847
SE
*
0.15°
0.010
0.0673
0.0187
0.0177
3.904
0.5695
2.076
1.33
3.162
5.812
0.3490
0.0005
0.001
0.0247
0.0237
0.3544
0.1924
Maximum
22.78°
8.8 -4
3.30 -1
0.303-1
0.166-1
33.6 -1
21.9 -1
60.0 -1
14.0 -2
62.0 -1
102.0 -1
12.0 -1
0.005-1
0.011-1
0.405-1
0.42 -1
6.9 -1
3.4 -1
12'36»
Minimum
10.56°
6.8 -7
2.27 -1
0.055-2
0.043-1
15.6 -1
12.5 -1
40.0 -1
10.0 -1
48.0 -1
82.0 -1
5.5 -1
0.002-1
0.003-1
0.020-1
0.05 -1
5.2 -1
2.5 -1
11' 21"
N
595
30
20
19
6
4
20
9
3
4
3
22
5
6
20
20
4
4
119
-------
Table 36. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 9-12-71/do-11-71
Test 3 8.7 Hg/1 V
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
K>4-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SO>4 mg/1
SiO2 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V ug/l
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/i I
Ma mg/i
K mg/i
)aylength
X
15. 28°
7.345
2.77
0.145
0.063
27.9
17.3
_
46.9
112.0
55.5
95.0
8.7
0.006
0.008
0.106
0.18
6.1
2.77
1H59'
SD
+
5.022°
0.542
0.3327
0.0867
0.0145
8.127
2.847
2.848
2.000
6.608
13.75
1.803
0.002
0.002
0.0672
0.0972
0.3416
0.3515
SB
+
0.1977=
0.020
0.0744
0.0199
0.0059
4.064
0.6366
0.9493
1.155
3.304
7.937
0.3843
0.0008
0.0009
0.0150
0*0217
0.1708
0.1758
Maximum
26.11°
9.0 -4
3.39 -1
0.316-2
0.087-1
35.6 -1
22.1 -1
__
50.0 -2
14.0 -1
62.0 -1
110.0 -1
13.0 -1
0.007-1
0.011-1
0.267-1
0.35 -1
6.5 -1
3.2 -1
12»36"
Minimum
11.11°
6.5 -7
2.25 -1
0.049-1
0.043-1
16.4 -1
12.8 -1
42.0 -1
10.0 -1
48.0 -1
83.0 -1
5.5 -1
0.003-1
0.004-1
0.027-1
0.07 -1
5.7 -1
2.46 -1
11«21»
N
>95
30
20
19
6
4
20
«_
9
3
4
3
22
5
6
20
20
4
4
120
-------
Table 37. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 9-12-71/0-11-71
Test 4 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. C
pH
H03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/i
C/^ mc^jy 1
c«^\ me/ JL
Alk-P mg/i
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard. mgA
V VgA
Zn mgA
Cu mgA
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/4
Na mgA
K mg/1
Daylength
X
15.890
7.384
2.75
0.149
0.059
26.7
16.2
46.9
12.0
54.0
94.7
0.006
0.008
0.095
0.19
5.85
2.67
SD
5.579°
0.511
0.2878
0.0862
0.0307
7.162
2.407
3.756
0.0000
4.899
6.429
0.002
0.002
0.0609
0.0132
0.5449
0.5082
SE
0. 2190C
0.017
0.064
0.0198
0.0125
3.581
0.5383
1.252
0.0000
2.449
0.3712
0.0008
0.0009
0.0136
0.0231
0.2723
0.2541
Maximum
26.11°
9.0 -2
3.14 -1
0.313-1
0.084-1
32.0 -1
19.7 -1
52.0 -1
12.0
58.0 -2
102.0 -1
O.O -18
0.007-1
0.011-1
0.267-1
0.38 -1
6.5 -1
3.3 -1
12»36"
Minimum
11.11°
6.6 -5
2.21 -1
0.072-1
<0.02 -1
16.3 -1
11.8 -1
40.0 -1
12.0
48.0 -1
90.0 -1
<0.3 -4
0.003-1
0.004-1
0.030-1
0.06 -1
5.2 -1
2.1 -1
lit 21"
N
510
30
20
19
6
4
20
9
3
4
3
22
5
6
20
4
4
4
121
-------
Table 38. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 9-12-71/^0-11-71
Test 8 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
NOL-N mg/1
POu-P mg/1
jjH -N mg/1
SO* mg/1
*\
SiO_ mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mgX
Tot. Hard, rag A
V ug/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
15.83°
7.421
12.65
0.125
0.066
27.9
15.0
^_
48.0
12.7
56.0
00 JO
0.007
0.008
0.103
0.17
6.08
2.80
11159"
SD
3.90°
0.537
0.3447
0.0819
0.0138
7.993
2.478
1.732
3.055
5.657
15.09
0.003
0.003
0.0730
0.0866
0.4787
0.4568
SE
0.16°
0.020
0.0771
0.0818
0.0056
3.996
0.5542
.._
0.5773
1.764
2.828
8.718
0.001
0.001
0.0163
Maximum
23.33°
9.0 -1
3.46 -1
0.300-1
0.085-1
34.0 -1
20.0 -1
__
50.0 -3
16.0 -1
60.0 -2
116.0 -1
<1.0 -18
0.010-1
0.012-1 1
0.307-1
0.0194 0.34 -1
0.2394
0.2284
6.7 -1
3.4 -1
12«36" 1
Minimum
10.56°
N
[610
6.4 -3 I 30
2.08 -1 j 20
0.039-1
0.053-1
16.5 -1
9.17 -1
MM
46.0 -3
10.0 -1
48.0 -1
86.0 -1
<0.3 -4
O. 004-1
0.004-1
0.021-1
0.07 -1
5.7 -2
2.36 -1
ll«2i" I
19
6
4
20
mtm*
9
3
4
3
22
5
6
20
20
4
4
122
-------
Table 39. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 11-5-71/12-12-71
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
pH
NO,-N mg/1
PO -P mg/1
NH3-N mgA
SO* mg/l
aw^
Si02 mg/1
Mg mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mgA
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/L
Hi mg/1
Zn mgA
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
Ca mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
20.00°
7.21
3.05
0.138
0.087
72.9
18.5
7.83
13.9
8.3
53.6
L01.0
4.07
0.033
0.019
0.29
0.15
8.8
21.5
2.64
9 '47"
SD
2.0°
0.42
0.2354
0.0769
0.0781
0.3753
2.614
0.1768
7.109
1.506
2.608
10.39
0.3833
0.0078
0.0014
0.1412
0.0777
2.704
0.1414
0.1197
S£
0.3°
0.06
0.0491
0.0154
0.0217
11.32
0.5449
0.1250
1.482
0.6146
1.166
5.196
0.0639
0.0054
0.0010
0.0246
0.0147
0.7499
0.1000
0.0379
Maximum
24.72° -2
9.3 -1
3.47 -1
0.359 -1
0.26 -1
84.0 -1
22.7 -1
7.95 -1
32.0 -1
10.0 -2
56.0 -2
116.0 -1
5.00 -1
^0.03 -
0.038 -1
0.020 -1
0.72 -1
0.51 -1
15.8 -1
21.6 -1
2.80 -1
10»21"
Minimum
15.00° -3
6.1 -1
2.41 -1
0.033 -2
<0.02 -2
52.0 -1
15.2 -1
7.70 -1
4.0 -1
6.0 -1
50.0 -1
94.0 -2
3.45 -1
<0.03 -
0.027 -1
0.018 -1
0.045 -1
0.06 -1
5.7 -1
21.4 -1
2.4 -1
9t23»
N
38
38
23
25
13
11
23
2
23
6
5
4
36
6
2
2
33
28
13
2
10
123
-------
Table 40. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 11-5-71/12-12-71
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P rag/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO. mg/1
«
Mg mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Mi mg/1
Zn mg/l
Cu mg/L
Un mg/1
Fe mg/1
fa rag/1
-a mg/1
C rag/1
Jay length 1
X
19.50°
7.46
2.65
0.125
0.096
45.4
14.9
7.77
28.1
10.7
53.6
99.5
2.02
0.015
0.006
0.26
0.18
6.59
21.8
3.57
91 47»
SD
+
2.2°
0.40
0.4785
0.0413
0.0783
5.143
3.905
0.0495
9.021
1.033
4.099
2.517
0.1689
0.0071
0.1821
0.1643
0.7062
0.4243
0.6579
SE
»
10.3°
0.06
0.0998
0.0082
0.0217
1.485
0.8143
0.0350
1.881
0.4216
1.833
1.258
0.0285
0.0050
0.0322
0.0322
0.2233
0.3000
0.2081
Maximum
124.44° -2
8.9 -3
3.17 -1
0.179 -1
0.24 -2
53.6 -1
20.6 -1
7.80 -1
50.0 -1
12.0 -2
60.0 -1
102.0 -1
2.44 -1
<0.03 -
0.020 -1
0.007 -1
0.66 -1
0.92 -1
6.9 -1
22.1 -1
4.55 -1
10»21"
I Minimum
14.44° -3
6.5 -1
0.84 -1
0.046 -1
<0.02 -1
37.0 -I
7.1 -I
7.73 -1
18.0 -2
10.0 -4
50.0 -2
96.0 -1
1.65 -1
<0.03 -
0.010 -1
0.005 -1
0.038 -1
0.07 -2
5.6 -1
21.5 -1
2.6 -1
9»23»
N
38
38
23
25
13
12
23
2
23
6
5
4
35
5
2
2
32
26
10
2
10
12*4
-------
Table 41. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 11-5-71/12-12-71
.Test 7 0.21 me/1 V
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N og/1
P04-P og/1
NHj-N mg/i
S04 mg/.
SiO_ og/1
Mg og/1
Alk-MO rag/1
Cl og A
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Ni mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu og/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/L
Na mg/1
Ca mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
19.72°
7.74
2.58
0.127
0.092
25.4
13.7
7.72
49.3
10.7
52.0
L06.0
0.21
0.013
0.011
0.217
0.19
6.44
22.0
4.25
9147..
SD
2.0°
0.31
0.4947
0.0598
0.0742
25.4
13.7
0.0212
4.070
2.422
7.071
12.11
0.0323
0.0070
0.1354
0.1334
0.4904
0.2828
1.062
SE
0.3°
0.04
0.1032
0.0119
0.0206
1.026
0.9804
0.0150
0.8487
0.9888
3.162
6.055
0.0057
0.0004
0.0236
0.0257
0.1551
0.2000
0.3360
Maximum
24.72° -4
9.1 -1
3.33 -1
0.228 -1
0.25 -1
32.0 -1
20.6 -1
7.73 -1
60.0 -1
14.0 -1
58.0 -1
124.0 -1
0.31 -1
<"0.03 -
0.013 -1
0.011 -1
0.496 -1
0.77 -1
7.1 -1
22.2 -1
6.3 -1
10»21»
Minimum
14.44° -3
6.5 -1
1.31 -1
0.031 -1
<0.02 -1
19.4 -1
4.0 -1
7.70 -1
42.0 -1
8.0 -2
40.0 -1
98.0 -1
0.16 -1
<0.03 -
0.013 -1
0.010 -1
0.040 -1
0.06 -1
5.6 -1
21.8 -1
2.9 -1
9 » 23"
N
38
38
23
25
13
12
23
2
23
6
5
5
32
6
2
2
33
27
10
2
10
125
-------
Table 42. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 11-5-71/12-12-71
.Test 4 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
J»3-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SO4 rag/1
SiO- mgA
Z
Mg mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mgA
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V Hg/1
Ni mg/1
Zn mg/L
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
Ca mg/1
K mg/1
X
21.27°
7.50
2.73
0.105
0.089
26.7
15.5
7.91
51.9
11.3
56.0
98.0
0.012
0.008
0.084
0.16
7.86
22.5
3.01
Daylength 9 14711
SO
+
2.1°
0.32
0.4227
0.0423
0.0703
7.658
3.899
0.0566
6.321
1.633
4.000
5.889
0.0028
0.1170
2.161
0.7778
0.3229
SE
f
0.3°
0.04
0.0860
0.0084
0.0195
2.309
0.8129
0.0400
1.318
0.6666
1.788
2.944
0.0020
«
0.0225
0.6833
0.5500
0.1076
Maximum
26.39° -4
8.8 -2
3.25 -1
0.189 -1
0.248 -1
44.4 -1
21.3 -1
7.95 -
66.0 -1
14.0 -1
60.0 -1
104.0 -1
<0.l -
<0.03 -
0.014 -1
Minimum
15.00° -4
6.5 -1
1.13 -1
0.046 -1
0.020 -2
16.5 -1
7.8 -1
7.87 -
44.0 -2
10.0 -2
50.0 -1
90.0 -1
<0.1 -
<0.03 -
0.01 -1
0.008 -1 0.008 -1
0.237 -1
0.59 -I
12.5 -1
23.0 -1
3.6 -1
10 » 21"
0.025 -2
0.06 -1
5.4 -1
21.9 -1
2.7 -2
9 « 23"
N
38
38
24
25
13
11
23
2
23
6
5
4
32
31
2
2
32
27
10
2
9
126
-------
Table.43. SUMMARY CHART-VANADIUM ^-1-72/3-11-72
Test 1 A.87 mg/1 V
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
NO--N mg/1
po4-p »g/i
HH -N mgA
SQ. mg/1
SiO "g/1
OW2
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Ni mg/L
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/i
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
s
18.61°
7.277
2.81
0.098
0.044
46.9
12.1
0.00
22.1
9.2
46.0
87.3
4.87
<0.03
0.023
0.007
0.468
0.49
30.8
4.2
10»55»
SD
--
0.268
0.4118
0.0325
0.0498
5.192
1.956
12.46
4.022
3.899
8.345
0.2476
0.0042
0.0857
0.0785
7; 804
0.6015
SE
,
0.031
0.0824
0.0060
0.0133
1.836
0.3632
--
2.444
1.272
1.176
2.950
0.0431
0.0014
0.0141
0.0139
1.951
0.1345
Maximum
23.89° -1
8.6 -1
3.57 -I
0.150 -I
0.143 -2
51.8 -I
16.0 -I
**»
58.0 -I
18.0 -1
52.0 -1
102.0 -1
4.87 -1
<0.03 -
0.023 -1
0.007 -1
0.468 -1
0.49 -I
30.8 -1
4.2 -1
lit 43"
Minimum
13.33° -1
6.4 -1
2.09 -1
0.040 -1
<0.02 -5
38.8 -1
8.6 -1
10.0 -3
4.0 -1
38.0 -1
78.0 -2
3.74 -1
<0.03 -
0.012 -1
<0.005 -3
0.013 -1
0.06 -2
5.3 -2
2.0 -2
10»08»
N
41
40
25
29
14
8
29
26
26
10
11
8
33
16
7
4
37
32
16
20
127
-------
Table 44. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 2-1-72/^-11-72
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp . °C
pH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
SiO_ mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. m§/l
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V rag/1
Ni mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
18.67°
7.409
2.66
0.097
0.061
46.5
10.9
29.1
11.4
47.6
87.5
4.19
<0.03
0.018
<0.005
0.159
0.13
9.7
4.1
10«55"
T\:st 8
SD
0.272
0.5904
0.0461
0.0563
5.080
2.624
14.05
2.319
3.325
6.024
0.2713
0.0058
0.0965
0.0589
5.933
1.442
.19 mg/1 V
SB.
0.043
0.1181
0.0085
0.0150
1.796
0.4873
2.809
0.7333
1.002
2.129
0.0477
0.0020
0.0158
0.0104
1.483
0.3224
Maximum
24,44° -
9.0 -1
3.52 -1
1.66 -1
0.196 -1
53.6 -1
15.8 -1
0.0
58.0 -2
15.0 -1
52.0 -2
92.0 -2
4.84 -1
<0.03
0.025 -1
< 0.005 -
3.86 -1
0.40 -1
21.8 -1
9.1 -1
11143"
Minimum
10.00° -1
6.7 -1
1.78 -1
0.026 -1
<0.02 -2
40.8 -1
7.3 -1
14.0 -3
18.0 -1
42.0 -1
74.0 -1
3.50 -1
<0.03 -
0.007 -1
<0.005 -
0.037 -1
0.07 -4
5.1 -1
1.95 -1
10'OS"
N
41
40
25
29
14
8
29
25
25
10
11
8
33
18
7
4
37
32
16
20
128
-------
Table 45. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 2-1-72/3-11-72
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SO,, mg/1
*?
SiO_ mg/1
£i
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mgA
Tot. Hard. mgy4
V mg/1
Ni mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mgA
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
DaylengtH
X
18.67°
7.597
2.55
0.104
0.052
30.7
8.9
--
38.2
10.8
50.4
88.3
2.09
<0.03
0.017
<0.005
0.166
0.14
5.7
4.56
10»55"
SO
0.390
0.4649
0.0604
0.0428
7.473
3.272
10.39
1.398
3.776
9.223
0.1458
0.0057
0.1033
0.0697
0.3124
1.921
Sii
0.062
0.0929
0.0112
0.0114-
2.642
0.6076
~
2.039
0.4422
1.138
3.261
0.0258
0.0020
~
0.0165
0.0123
0.0866
0.4406
Maximum
23.89° -3
9.0 -3
3.44 -1
0.235 -1
0.140 -1
36.5 -1
15.9 -1
0.0
56.0 -1
12.0 -5
58.0 -1
106.0 -1
2.45 -1
0.03 -
0.025 -1
< 0.005 -
0.390 -1
0.39 -1
6.1 -1
7.7 -1
11»43»
Minimum
10.56° -1
6.8 -1
1.94 -1
0.030 -1
<0.02 -5
15.8 -1
4.2 -1
20.0 -1
8.0 -1
44.0 -1
74.0 -1
1.75 -1
<0.03
0.077 -1
<0.005 -
0.016 -1
0.07 -4
5.1 -1
1.85 -1
10»08»
N
41
40
25
29
14
8
29
26
26
10
11
8
32
17
7
4
39
32
13
19
129
-------
Table 46. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM
Test 4 2.0 mg/1 V
2-1-72/3-11-72
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
NO--N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH3-N "W/l
so4 -gA
sio2 "'g/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/4
Tot. Hard. mg/4
V mg/1
Ni mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu "g/1
Mn mgA
Fe mg/1
Na rog/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
18.94°
7.A97
2.53
0.09A
0.061
32.9
8.9
00.0
38.9
9.8
48.5
85.0
2.08
0.013
<0.005
0.132
0.13
5.7
3.6
10«55»
SO
~
0.212
0.5066
0.0490
0.0479
3.805
3.549
10.63
1.476
1.572
11.21
0.1369
0.0051
0.0969
0.0562
0.3760
1.138
SE
0 .031
0.1013
Maximum
24.44° -1
9.0 -7
3.5 -1
0.0091 1 0.196 -1
0.0128
1.345
0.6592
""
2.085
0'.4666
0.4741
3.964
0.0242
0.0017
0.0157
0.0099
0.1043
0.2612
C.149 -1
35.8 -1
16.0 -2
00.0 -
58.0 -2
12.0 -2
50.0 -5
104.0 -1
2.39 -1
<0.03 -
0.020 -1
<0.005 -
0.476 -1
0.30 -1
6.2 -1
5.4 -1
1
Minimum I N
13.33° -1
6.6 -A
1.72 -1
0.026 -1
<0.02 -1
23.7 -1
A.2 -1
00.0 -
2A.O -1
8.0 -3
41
40
25
' 29
14
8
29
26
10
1
46.0 -2 11
72.0 -1 i
1.87 -1
<0.03 -
0.005 -1
<0.005 -
0.023 -1
0.06 -1
5.0 -2
1.9 -1
10»08»
8
32
18
7
4
38
32
13
19
130
-------
Table 47. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 3-1-72/3-11-72
Test 3 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °c
PH
NON mg/1
P04-P mg/1.
NH -M mg/1
S04 mg/1
sio2 iA
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/L
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Ni mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/i
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
18.67°
7.838
2.52
0.096
0.043
20.0
10.3
00.0
47.3
10.8
48.9
66.3
<0.10
<0.03
0,011
<0.005
0.126
0.14
5.8
3.5
J.0'55"
SD
0.311
0.4479
0.0617
0.0533
2.625
3.018
4.746
1.932
3.506
8.031
0.0057
0.1145
0.1076
0.3550
0.9915
SE
0.044
0.0896
0.0114
0.0142
0.9282
0.5604
~
0.9308
0.6110
.1.057
2.839
0.0020
0.0179
0.0190
0.0935
0.2275
Maximum
23.89°
9.1 -1
3.46 -1
0.235 -1
0.162 -1
24.7 -1
16.1 -1
00.0
58.0 -1
14.0 -1
56.0 -1
98.0 -1
<0.10 -
<0.03 -
<0.017 -1
<0.005 -
0.461 -1
0.68 -1
6.2 -2
4.8 -1
11«43»
Minimum
13.33°
6.5 -3
1.95 -1
0.016 -1
<0.02 -6
17.1 -1
5.4 -1
00.0
38.0 -2
8.0 -2
44.0 -2
78.0 -2
<0.10 -
<0.03 -
C0.005 -1
<0.005 -
0.016 -1
0.05 -1
5.0 -1
1.85 -1
10«08"
N
41
4O
25
29
14
8
29
26
10
11
8
15
18
7
4
41
32
13
19
131
-------
Table 48. SUMMARY CHART - VANADIUM 2-1-72/3-11-72
Test 5 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. QC
PH
NO--N mg/1
PO.-P mg A
NHj-N mg/1
SOj mg/1
SiO. mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Ni mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mgA
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
"x
18.67°
7.700
2.58
0.093
0.049
19.9
10.5
00.0
47.1
11.2
48.2
84.0
<0.10
<0.03
0.010
<0.005
0.135
0.15
5.7
3.62
10«55»
SD
*
0.353
0.4502
0.0566
0.0486
2.651
2.646
4.907
1.687
2.442
5.952
0.0057
0.1366
0.0944
0.3662
1.136
SE
0.056
0.0900
0.0105
0.0129
0.9373
0.4914
--
0.9622
0.5333
0.7363
2.104
0.0020
0.0213
0.0167
0.1016
0.2605
Maximum
24.44°
9.0 -8
3.44 -1
0.241 -1
0.159 -1
23.6 -1
16.0 -1
00.0 -
62.0 -1
14.0 -1
50.0 -6
96.0 -1
<0.10 -
<0.03 -
0.015 -2
<0.005 -
0.501 -1
0.60 -1
6.2 -1
5.3 -I
11«43"
Minimum
10.56°
7.0 -2
1.94 -1
0.033 -2
<0.02 -4
16.7 -1
6.4 -1
00.0 -
34.0 -1
10.0 -6
44.0 -2
78.0 -2
<0.10 -
<0.03 -
<0.005 -2
<0.005 -
0.029 -1
0.05 -1
4.9 -1
1.9 -1
10'08»
N
41
40
25
29
14
a
29
26
26
10
11
8
14
17
7
4
41
32
13
19
132
-------
Table 49. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 3-27-72/4-27-72
Test 1 397 MgA Cr
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
FO4-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard. mg/1
Cr |ig/l
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
3c
21.17°
7.424
2.36
0.106
0.092
22.3
12.5
46.0
10.6
47.8
88.9
597.0
0.009
<0.005
0.109
0.13
6.3
2.6
13105"
SD
3.567°
0.334
0.5875
0.0477
0.0809
3.03?
1.342
2.451
1.408
3.916
5.100
19.7
0.0057
0.0852
0.0559
1.262
0.3646
SH
0. 1334°
0.000
0.1253
0.0097
0.0233
1.241
0. 2739
_
0.5624
0.4978
1,305
1.700
3.0
0.0022
0.0133
0.0103
0.3644
0.1053
Maximum
25.56° -1
8.7 -4
3.23 -1
0.215 -1
0.31 -1
25.7 -1
15.0 -1
50.0 -2
12.0 -3
56.0 -1
99.2 -1
450.0 -1
0.015 -1
^0.005 -1
0.440 -1
0.24 -1
9.3 -1
3.1 -1
13»44"
Minimum
14.44° -2
6.7 -1
1.49 -2
0.023 -1
^0.02 -1
18.5 -1
10.6 -2
42.0 -1
8.0 -1
42.0 -1
80.0 -1
50.0 -l
<0.005 -1
-^0.005 -1
0.022 -1
0.03 -1
4.9 -1
2.0 -1
12«26"
N
712
3-2
22
24
12
6
24
19
8
9
9
39
6
3
41
29
J2
12
32
133
-------
Table 50. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 3-27-72/4-27-72
Test 5 396 HE/1 Cr
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °c
PH
NOj-N mg/1
POj-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
SiO_ mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Cr jtg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn rag/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
20.61°
7.570
2.52
0.081
0.095
22.3
12.4
45.4
11.5
48.8
86.1
96. a
0.009
<0.005
0.098
0.12
5.5
2.5
13 '05»
SO
3.493°
0.317
0.6023
0.310
0.0664
3.685
1.309
2.088
1.792
3.583
8. 899
17.6
0.0046
0.0615
0.0478
0.3326
0.2609
SE
1.315°
0.000
0.1284
0.0063
0.192
1.504
0.2672
0.4789
0.6335
1.194
2.966
2.6
0.0017
0.0096
0.0088
0.0960
0.0753
Maximum
25.00° -2
8.7 -2
3.79 -1
0.175 -1
0.250 -1
26.0 -1
14.5 -1
~
50.0 -1
14.0 -1
54.8 -1
106.0 -1
430.0 -1
0.013 -1
<0.005 -
0.230 -1
0.23 -2
5.9 -2
2.9 -1
13'44»
Minimum
15.00° - 3
6.8 - 5
1.63 - 1
0.010 - 1
<0.02 - 1
17.1 - 1
9.8 - 1
~
42.0 - 1
8.0 - 1
44.2 - 1
79.4 - 1
50.0 - 2
<0.005 - 1
0.005 -
0.011 - 1
0.04 - 2
4.9 - 1
2.0 - 1
12»26»
N
705
32
22
24
12
6
24
19
8
9
9
39
6
3
41
29
12
12
32
-------
Table 51- SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 3-27-72/4-27-72
.Test 6 97 Me A Cr
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °c
pH
NCv-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO- mg/1
2
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Cr jig/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
20.50°
7.771
2.14
0.076
0.092
23.7
10.6
48.4
14.6
51.2
81.2
97.0
0.010
<0.005
0.108
0.11
6.5
2.9
13»05"
SO
3.503°
0.362
0.7154
0.0374
0.0610
3.285
2.324
3.355
5.369
4.571
4.421
10.2
0.0062
0.0654
0.0398
1.327
0.8585
SE
0.1319*
0.000
0.1525
0.0076
0.0176
1.341
0.4745
0.7679
1.898
1.524
1.474
1.4
0.0024
0.0103
0.0073
0.3831
0.2478
Maximum
25.00° -2
8.9 -2
3.15 -1
0.150 -1
0.230 -1
26.9 -1
14.6 -2
54.6 -1
26.0 -1
59.8 -1
88.2 -1
102.0 -1
0.019 -1
40.005 -
0.283 -1
0.21 -1
9.5 -1
4.0 -1
13»44»
Minimum
15.00° -2
6.5 -2
1.01 -1
0.009 -1
<0.02 -1
19.0 -1
5.5 -1
44.0 -1
10.0 -1
45.8 -1
76.0 -1
75.0 -2
<0.005 -1
<0.005 -
0.018 -1
0.03 -1
4.9 -1
1.9 -1
12'26»
N
703
32
22
24
12
6
24
19
8
9
9
39
6
3
46
29
12
12
32
135
-------
Table 52. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 3-27-72/4-27-72
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO4-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Cr fig/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
lc
21.17°
7.495
2.18
0.091
0.074
25.3
9.9
48.1
11.9
49.8
91.9
15.0
0.008
CO. 005
0.156
0.12
7.8
3.0
13tQ5"
SD
+
0.4306°
0.391
0.6687
0.0353
0.0719
4.497
3.119
3.429
1.116
4.359
8.759
11.8
0.0047
0.1592
0.0837
3.065
0.9555
SE
*
0.1615<
0.000
0.1426
0.0071
0.0207
1.836
0.6367
0.8084
0. 3946
1.453
2.919
1.7
0.0017
0.0219
0.0155
0.8848
0. 2758
Maximum
25.56° -3
8.7 -5
3.09 -1
0.143 -1
0.27 -1
30.3 -1
14.5 -1
55.0 -1
14.0 -1
56.6 -1
L01.8 -1
LOO.O -4
0.013 -1
<0.005 -
0.98 -1
0.35 -1
15.1 -1
4.7 -1
13»44»
Minimum
14.44° -2
6.7 -3
1.19 -1
0.013 -1
-------
Table. 53. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 3-27-72/4-27-72
.Tost 3 50 Mg/1 Cr
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N »g/l
P04-P mg/1
NH -H ng/1
S04 'ng/1
SiO2 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Cr |ig/l
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
21.27°
7.631
2.03
0.081
0.095
24.2
9.0
~
50.6
11.1
48.5
82.3
50.0
0.009
<0.005
0.091
0.13
7.9
3.2
13»05»
SD
3.619°
0.461
0.6981
0.0401
0.0693
3.326
3.985
~
4.458
1.481
2.965
12.34
6.5
0.0022
-*.
0.0724
0.0469
3.616
1.361
Sli
0.1356°
0.000
0.1488
0.0081
0.0200
1.358
0.8135
1.023
0.5236
0.9883
4.112
1.0
~
0.0114
0.0087
1.044
0.3930
Maximum
25.56° -4
8.9 -5
3.15 -1
0.160 -2
0. 28 -1
27.6 -1
14.7 -1
59.0 -1
12.6 -1
53.0 -1
98.0 -1
70.0 -1
0.012 -1
<0.005 -
0,299 -1
0.25 -1
17.4 -1
6.0 -1
13t44"
Minimum
14.44° -2
6.7 -4
0.96 -1
0.010 -1
<0.02 -1
19.1 -1
1.3 -1
44.0 -2
8.6 -1
42.2 -1
61.0 -1
35.0 -1
0.005 -1
<0.005 -
0.018 -2
0.04 -1
5.0 -1
1.9 -1
12»26»
N
711
32
22
24
12
6
24
19
8
9
9
40
6
3
40
29
12
12
32
137
-------
Table 54. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 3-27-73/4-27-72
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °c
PH
N03-N mg/1
K>4-P mg/1
NH -H mg/1
SO4 mg/1
SiO2 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Cr fig/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
20.44°
7.479
2.23
0.081
0.092
24.2
8.8
46.8
12.2
45.6
83.3
49.0
0.008
<0.005
0.089
0.13
7.2
3.2
13«05»
SD
4.846°
0.472
0.5715
0.0339
0.0745
4.133
3.559
~
3.703
1.536
3.521
4.823
1.0
0.0048
0.0663
0.0663
2.203
1.168
^ **r\
SB
*
0.1827°
0.000
0.1218
0.0069
0.0215
1.687
0.7267
0.8494
0.5431
1.174
1.608
0.0
0.0017
0.0103
0.0123
0.6359
0.3241
Maximum
25.00° -2
8.9 -1
3.19 -1
0.134 -1
0.24 -1
28.9 -1
14.6 -1
53.8 -1
15.2 -1
58.0 -1
90.0 -1
65.0 -1
0.013 -1
0.005 -1
0.310 -1
0.28 -1
12.2 -1
5.6 -1
13«44»
Minimum
15.00° -4
6.7 -2
1.37 -1
0.010 -1
<0.02 -1
17.9 -1
2.17 -1
40.0 -1
10.6 -1
44.0 -1
76.8 -1
35.0 -2
^0.005 -1
<0.005 -2
0.011 -1
0.03 -1
5.0 -1
1.9 -1
12«26"
N
743
-J32
22
24
12
6
24
19
8
9
9
40
6
3
41
29
12
13
32
138
-------
Table 55. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 3-27-72/4-27-72
Test 4
Chemical or 'physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
H03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SOX mg/1
4
SiO2 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Cr mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
21.44°
7.829
1.98
0.089
0.093
23.9
9.4
47.3
11.8
47.1
85.4
<0.01
0.011
<0.005
0.135
0.11
6.7
3.6
13tQ5»
SD
3.674°
0.465
0.7205
0.0416
0.0814
3.713
3.447
2.858
0.9588
4.273
5.505
0.0036
0.1792
0.0553
1.639
1.591
Control
SE
0.1378°
0.000
0.1536
0.0085
0.0235
1.516
0.7037
0.6557
0.3389
1.424
1.835
~
0.0014
0.0287
0.0102
0.4734
0.4593
Maximum
26.11° -2
9.0 -8
3.21 -1
0.166 -1
0.29 -1
28.3 -1
14.6 -2
~
53.2 -1
13.0 -1
56.0 -1
92.0 -1
<0.01 -
0.015 -1
<0.005 -
0.810 -2
0.19 -1
9.4 -1
6.5 -1
13»44"
Minimum
14.44° -2
6.6 -1
1.12 -1
0.011 -1
<0.02 -2
19.1 -1
1.8 -1
44.0 -1
10.0 -1
42.4 -1
<8.0 -1
<0.01 -
< 0.005 -1
< 0.005 -
<0.005 -2
0.02 -1
5.0 -1
1.8 -1
12»26»
N
707
32
22
24
12
6
24
19
8
9
9
8
6
3
39
29
12
12
32
139
-------
Table- 56. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 3-27-72/4-27-72
Test 8 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
NO--N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NK -N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
SiO mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Cr mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
20.50°
7.847
2.02
0.094
0.085
23.9
9.3
48.7
12.3
49.7
81.4
4>.01
0.011
<0.005
0.093
0.11
6.7
3.4
13»05"
SO
3.618 °
0.400
0.7023
0.0464
0.0632
3.643
3.168
3.581
1.984
3.739
15.32
~
0.0039
0.0863
0.0413
1.777
1.128
Sli
3.1360 °
3.000
3.1497
3.0094
3.0173
1.487
0.6466
0.8215
0.6887
1.246
5.105
0.0014
0.0139
0.0077
0.5129
0.3257
Maximum
25.00° -2
9.0 -5
3.21 -1
0.152 -1
0.127 -2
27.0 -1
14.7 -1
57.0 -1
15.0 -2
58.0 -1
98.0 -1
<0.01
0.015 -1
<0.005 -
0.440 -1
0.17 -1
10.1 -1
5.1 -1
13»44"
Minimum
14.44° -i
6.8 -1
0.96 -1
0.007 -1
<0.02 -2
18.0 -1
3.2 -1
43.0 -1
10.0 -1
44.8 -1
45.2 -1
<0.01
0.005 -1
<0.005 -
<0.005 -2
0.02 -1
4.9 -1
1.8 -1
12«26»
N
704
32
22
24
12
6
24
19
8
9
9
8
6
3
38
28
12
12
32
-------
Table 57. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM- 5-11-72/5-26-72
.Test I 407 ug/1 Cr
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °c
PH
NOL-N mg/1
po4-p "g/1
NH -N mg/1
SO.. rag/1
w4
SiO2 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Cr |ig/l
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
*
15.83
7.73
2.36
0.070
0.15
19.2
.13.1
52.1
8.7
47.5
90.4
407.0
0.012
£0.005
0.148
0.15
5.0
2.2
14t27»»
SD "
5.24°
0.360
0.1202
0.0262
0.0924
0.5964
1.606
2.334
1.346
12. 9
0.0626
0.0544
0.4412
0.1113
^ i ..
SE
0.272°
0.017
0.0347
0.0072
0.0349
..
0.17.98
0.5079
1.167
0.6019
~
3.3
0.0152
0.0151
0.1801
0.0420
Maximum
22.22° -3
8.9 -7
2.59 -1
0.108 -1
0.360 -1
13.8 -2
56.0 -1
11.8 -1
49.2 -1
94.0 -1
430.0 -2
0.013 -1
0.277 -1
0.23 -2
5.7 -1
2.4 -1
14 «13"
Minimum
12.78° -1
6.9 -3
2.15 -1
0.031 -1
0.089 -1
11.8 -1
~
50.0 -1
6.2 -1
45.6 -1
86.8 -1
390.0 -2
0.010 -1
0.072 -1
0.07 -1 .
4.6 -2
2.1 -2
14t40"
N
371
17
12
13
7
1
11
10
4
5
2
15
2
1
17
13
6
7
-------
Table 58 . SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 5-11-72/5-26-72
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO4-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
SiO2 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Cr, Hg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
3c
15. $4°
7.717
2.50
0.068
0.136
18.7
13.3
52.3
11.0
50.8
83.7
403.0
0.011
<0.005
0.127
0.16
5.1
2.3
14127"
SO
+
4.218°
0.308
0.1472
0.0247
0.0898
0.4081
«
1.673
1.869
1.924
--
14.0
..
0.0811
0.0459
0.4997
0.1574
S£
+
0.223°
0.014
0.0425
0.0068
0.0339
0.1230
~
0.5292
0.9345
0.8602
..
3.5
0.0191
0.0122
0.2039
0.0595
Maximum
21.67° -2
8.6 -4
2.74 -1
0.106 -1
0.310 -1
--
13.8 -2
54.8 -1
13.0 -1
54.0 -1
84.2 -1
435.0 -1
0.018 -1
0.266 -1
0.23 -1
5.9 -1
2.5 -2
14»13"
Minimum
10.00° -1
6.9 -2
2.21 -1
0.033 -2
0.044 -1
«-
12.7 -2
49.0 -1
8.8 -1
49.0 -1
83.2 -1
85.0 -2
0.008 -2
*»
0.021 -1
0.09 -1
4.6 -2
2.1 -1
14140"
N
371
17
12
13
7
1
11
«
10
4
5
2
16
3
1
18
14
6
7
-------
Table 59. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 5-11-72/5-26-72
1>st 2 100ue/l
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
pH
JK>3-N mg/1
P04-P ng/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, rag/1
Cr fig/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Pe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
"x
15.94°
7.622
2.24
0.069
0.163
18.8
11.0
51.5
9.6
48.2
36.5
100.0
0.008
<0.005
0.119
0.14
5.1
2.1
14»27»'
SO
+
4.433°
0.357
0.1728
0.026
0.1011
1.644
1.520
2.078
1.571
MM
5.7
--
0.0648
0.0533
0.5357
0.1134
SE
*
0.229°
0.017
0.0499
0.0072
0.0382
...i
0.4956
0.4808
1.039
0.7026
M
1.4
w
0.0149
0.0142
0.2187
0.0428
Maximum
22.22° -3
8.7 -5
2.45 -1
0.117 -1
0.378 -1
«*^
13.1 -1
54.4 -1
11.8 -1
50.8 -1
91.0 -1
10.0 -2
0.010 -1
0.236 -2
0.24 -2
5.8 -1
2.2 -1
14»13"
Minimum
10.56° -1
6.9 -2
1.94 -1
0.026 -1
0.080 -1
»*»
8.2 -1
49.4 -1
7.0 -I
46.8 -1
82.0 -1
90.0 -1
0.006 -1
0.022 -1
0.07 -1
4.5 -1
1.9 -2
14«40"
N
372
17
12
13
7
1
11
»
10
4
5
2
15
3
1
19
14
6
7
-------
Table 60. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 5-11-72/5-26-72
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. oc
PH
N03-N mg/1
K>4-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO2 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Cr Hg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
t
X
16.11e
7.59:
2.29
0.074
0.14G
119.0
11.2
--
53.2
11.3
49.3
86.2
99.0
SD
+
4.327°
0.358
0.1741
0.0242
0.0801
._
1.716
2.789
0.5972
2.212
4.9
o.oiq
^0.005
0.09'
Fe mg/1 0.14
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
5.1
2.1
14 » 27"
~
0.0506
0.0496
0.5947
0.1033
1H4
SE
+
0.229C
0.017
0.0502
0.0067
0.0303
0.5173
0.8818
0.2986
0. 9891
-
1
1.0
-
Maximum
21.67° -4
8.6 -7
2.51 -1
0.103 -1
0.306 -1
_
1
13.2 -1
58.0 -1
12.0 -1
Minimum
110.00° -1
6.9 -3
1.93 -1
0.033 -1
0.066 -1
8.4 -1
50.0 -1
10.6 -1
51.6 -1 46.2 -1
87.0 -1
110.0 -1
0.013 -1
0.0116! 0.208 -1
0.0133 0.23 -1
0.2428
0.0422
6.0 -1
2.2 -1
85.4 -1
1
90.0 -1
0.008 -1
...
0.014 -1
0.05 -1
4.6 -2
1.9 -1
14' 13" 14140"
N
372
17
12
13
7
1
11
10
4
5
2
15
3
1
19
14
6
6
-------
Table 61. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 5-11-72/5-26-72
Test 3 49 ug/1 Cr
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
K>4-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
SO^ mg/1
SiO2 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot, Hard, mg/1
Cr Hg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
16.00°
7.60
2.16
0.068
0.150
19.4
9.9
M v
50.9
12.4
50.9
94.3
*9.0
0.009
<0.005
0.167
0.13
5.4
2.1
14127"
SO
+
4.387°
0.378
0.2495
0.0237
0.0899
1.833
M
1.624
5.262
2.532
._
4.8
0.1277
0.0547
1.303
0.3132
1 J.r
S£
<*>
0.227°
0.017
0.0720
0.0066
0.0340
««
0.5526
0.5136
2.631
1.132
1.0
-.
0.0293
0.0146
0.5321
0.1184
Maximum
22.22° -1
9.0 -2
2.48 -1
0.106 -1
0.344 -1
12.7 -1
54.0 -1
20.0 -1
53.6 -1
99.0 -1
60.0 -1
0.010 -2
0.448 -1
0.23 -1
7.9 -1
2.8 -I
14»13"
Minimum
10.56° -1
6.9 -4
1.72 -1
0.033 -2
0.076 -1
7.2 -1
48.6 -1
8.0 -1
47.0 -1
89.6 -1
40.0 -1
0.008 -1
0.030 -1
0.07 -4
4.6 -2
1.9 -2
14140"
N
371
17
12
13
7
1
11
~
10
4
5
2
15
3
1
19
14
6
7
-------
Table 62. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 5-11-72/5-26-72
Test 7
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
JK>3-N mg/1
PO.-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot, Hard, mg/1
^*r U§/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
*> mg/1
Fe mg/1
ffa mg/1
£ mg/1
Daylength
"x
16.11°
7.575
2.04
0.064
0.131
19.2
9.0
55.3
11.4
48.6
88.1
9.0
0.014
&.005
0.153
0.12
5.3
2.3
14 f 27"
SO
4.440°
0.512
0.3119
0.0237
0.0815
2.432
~
6.116
1.237
1.920
4.2
0.1199
0.0497
1,302
0.3401
SE
*
0.243
0.024
0.0900
0.0066
0.0308
0.7334
1.934
0.6185
0.8588
1.0
0.0275
0.0133
0.5315
0.1286
46
Maximum
22.22° -1
9.0 -1
2.39 -2
0.103 -1
0.296 -1
12.8 -1
~
71.0 -1
12.4 -1
51.0 -1
91.6 -1
60.0 -1
0.018 -1
~
0.496 -1
0.22 -1
7.8 -1
2.9 -1
Minimum
10.06° -2
6.9 -3
1.48 -1
0.033 -3
0.059 -1
5.4 -1
50.0 -2
9.6 -1
45.8 -1
84.6 -1
45.0 -6
0.010 -1
0.018 -1
0.07 -2
4.5 -1
1.9 -1
14 '40"
N
371
17
12
13
7
1
11
__
10
4
5
2
15
3
1
19
14
6
7
-------
Table 63. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 5-11-^72/5-26-72
Test 4 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
NO--N mg/1
PO -P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, rag/1
Cr mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu rag/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
'
16.00°
7.90
1.91
0.058
0.148
L9.5
8.1
53.0
9.8
50.9
31.0
<0.01
0.013
<0.005
0.173
0.13
5.4
2.2
14 ' 27"
SD
4.40°
0.403
0.3506
0.0226
0.0875
2.918
._.
4.207
2.007
2.143
--
--
0.1272
0.0519
1.323
0.2819
SE
0.228°
0.020
0.1012
0.0062
0.0331
0.8798
1.330
1.003
0.9583
~
0.0292
0.0139
0.5400
0.1066
Maximum
22.22° -3
9.1 -1
2.37 -1
0.117 -1
0.340 -1
12.7 -1
59.0 -1
12.0 -1
54.2 -1
82.6 -1
<0.01
0.016 -1
--
0.432 -1
0.23 -1
7.9 -1
2.7 -1
14 '13"
Minimum
10.56° -1
7.0 -1
1.36 -1
0.025 -1
0.089 -1
3.8 -1
48.0 -1
8.0 -1
49.0 -2
79.4 -1
<0.01
0.011 -1
0.026 -1
0.06 -2
4.5 -1
1.9 -1
14140"
N
371
1?
12
13
7
1
11
10
4
5
2
5
3
1
19
14
6
7
147
-------
Table 64. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 5-11-72/5-26-72
8 Control
Oiemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
NO^-N mg/1
PO4-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO2 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
rot. Hard, mg/1
Cr mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
^n mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
>aylength
1 X
16.06°
7.833
1.94
0.062
0.149
19.4
8.9
£
53.4
10.6
48.9
89.0
«^0.01
0.011
CO. 005
0.207
0.13
5.3
2.5
14«27»
ISO
±
4.299°
0.407
0.3901
0.0257
0.1034
2.357
3.391
1.925
1.196
0.1424
0.0487
1.229
0.4618
SE
+
0.229
0.020
0.112<
0.007
0.039
0.710
1.072
0.962<
0.856?
0.032(
0.013C
0.501S
0.174f
Maximum
21.67° -4
8.8 -1
2.55 -1
0.108 -1
0.376 -1
12.9 -1
59.4 -1
13.0 -1
51.4 -1
95.0 -1
< 0.01 -
0.016 -1
0.547 -1
0.22 -2
7.6 -1
3.2 -1
14" 13"
Minimum
10.00° -1
6.8 -1
1.29 -1
0.027 -1
0.072 -1
6.0 -1
49.8 -1
8.4 -1
47.0 -2
83.0 -1
<£0.01 -
0.008 -1
_-
0.030 -1
0.05 -1
4.5 -2
2.1 -2
14»40"
N
371
17
12
13
7
1
11
10
4
5
2
5
3
1
19
14
6
7
148
-------
Table 65. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 6-30-72/7-21-72
.Test 6 0.398 mg/1 Cr
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard. mg/1
Cr mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K rag/1
Daylength
X
16.72°
7.883
2.72
0.028
0.084
17.1
14.1
51.9
9.1
47.4
81.4
0.398
0.043
0.28
5.1
2.4
1414711
SD
0.373
0.3136
0.0161
0.0709
2.369
2.419
0.0900
0.0235
0.3736
0.1976
0.2582
SE
0.014
0.0869
0.0032
0.0249
0.6569
0.6709
0.0176
0.0045
0.0998
0.0746
0.0976
Maximum
20.56° -3
8.6 -7
2.95 -1
0.083 -1
0.188 -1
18.0 -1
15.6 -4
54.6 -1
10.0 -1
48.2 -1
82.2 -1
0.546 -1
0.103 -1
1.57 -1
5.4 -1
2.9 -1
14«58»
Minimum
11.11° -1
7.0 -8
1.78 -1
0.017 -1
<0.02 -2
16.3 -1
8.2 -1
~
46.0 -1
8.23 -1
47.0 -2
80.0 -1
0.00 -1
0.009 -1
0.13 -2
4.9 -1
2.1 -1
14«34»
N
19
19
13
14
8
3
13
13
2
3
3
26
20
14
7
7
149
-------
Table 66. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 6-30-72/7-21-72
.Test 7 0.380 ms/t Cr
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 fflg/1
SiO_ mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Cr mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/l
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
16.72°
7.764
2.76
0.033
0.089
17.1
13.8
~
51.8
8.5
52.3
83.4
0.380
0.027
0.30
5.1
2.4
L4«47"
SD
0.336
0.3319
0.0319
0.0744
2.413
3.152
0.0909
0.0197
0.4055
0.3147
0.2582
S£
0.014
0.0920
0.0084
0.0263
0.6693
0.8741
0.0176
0.0032
0.1124
0.1189
0.0976
Maximum
20.56° -2
8.8 -4
3.03 -1
0.142 -1
0.216 -1
17.8 -1
15.64 -1
57.0 -1
8.9 -1
57.0 -1
91.0 -1
0.596 -1
0.086 -1
1.64 -1
5.6 -1
2.9 -1
14»58"
Minimum
11.11° -1
7.0 -3
1.78 -1
0.015 -1
<0.02 -1
16.3 -1
7.5 -1
__
46.0 -1
8.0 -1
47.0 -1
76.2 -1
0.00 -1
~
0.011 -1
0.13 -1
4.7 -1
2.1 -1
14i34»'
N
19
W
13
14
8
3
13
__
13
2
3
3
26
20
13
7
7
150
-------
Table 67. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 6-30-7?/7-21-72
.Test 8 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
sio2 »g/i
Alk-P «gA
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Cr mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
16.67°
7.825
2.83
0.027
0.085
17.4
13.7
51.5
9.6
50.7
79.8
0.0
0.027
0.31
5.1
2.1
14147"
SD
0.506
0.4103
0.0148
0.0836
2.452
2.814
0.0187
0.4067
0.3450
0.2673
SB
0.022
0.1138
0.0032
0.0295
0.6801
0.7804
0.0032
0.1174
0.1304
0.1009
Maximum
20.56° -2
8.9 -1
3.59 -1
0.078 -1
0.232 -1
18.1 -1
15.7 -1
56.6 -1
10.1 -1
58.2 -1
84.0 -1
0.0 -
0.079 -1
1.59 -1
5.5 -1
2.6 -1
14«58»
Minimum
10.56° -1
7.0 -12
1.81 -1
0.017 -1
<0.02 -2
16.7 -1
6.9 -1
48.8 -1
9.0 -1
46.2 -1
77.6 -1
0.0 -
0.013 -1
0.13 -1
4.5 -1
1.8 -1
14*34"
N
19
19
13
14
8
3
13
13
2
3
3
17
19
12
7
7
151
-------
Table 68. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 7-28-72/8-17-72
.Tost 8 0.4 mg/1
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp., °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MQ mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard. mg/1
Cr mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
"x
16.22°
7.766
2.71
0.035
0.089
17.6
15.6
57.2
8.0
51.4
81.2
0.40
0.011
0.01
0.189
SD
3.008°
0.398
0.1789
0.0114
0.9626
2.916
0.0107
0.1083
Fe mg/1 I 0.11 1 0.0366
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength ]
5.5
2.3
14»03"
0.1000
0.0577
SE
0.186°
0.017
0.0800
0.0046
~
0.3929
1.190
0.0040
0.0409
0.0149
0.0577
0.0333
Maximum
20.56° -2
9.0 -1
2.97 -1
0.049 -1
0.150 -1
17.6
17.0 -1
60.8 -1
8.0
52.6 -1
81.6 -1
0.40 -1
0.011 -
0.01
0.332 -1
0.16 -1
5.6 -1
2.3 -2
14«23"
Minimum
12.22° -J
7.1 -J
2.55 -1
0.021 -1
0.058 -1
17.6
14.1 -1
53.0 -1
8.0
50.2 -1
80.8, -1
0.39 -1
0.011 -
0.01
0.027 -J
0.07 -1
5.4
2.2 -J
13t41"
N
261
21
5
6
3
1
6
6
1
2
2
7
1
1
7
6
3
3
21
152
-------
Table 69. SUMMARY CHART - CHROMIUM 7-28-72/8-17-72
Test 4 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
H03-N *gA
po4-p »g/i
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO_ mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Rb mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
L8.33 °
7.691
2.34
0.063
0.078
21.8
LI. 3
53.2
9.2
52.2
JO. 7
0.00
0.010
CO. 01
0.146
0.14
5.9
2.1
14»03"
SD
3.314°
0.341
0.2977
0.0257
0.0416
2.252
2.141
0.1507
0.0538
0.6610
0.1807
SE
Jk
0.150°
0.014
0.0825
0.0063
0.0145
0.6019
0.5723
*
0.0307
0.0138
0.2337
0.0639
Maximum
22.78° -1
8.9 -1
2.85 -1
0.110 -1
0.160 -1
25.6 -I
14.7 -1
57.6 -1
9.8 -I
54.0 -I
81.0 -1
0.00 -
0.010 -
<0.01 -
0.640 -1
0.25 -1
7.2 -1
2.4 -1
14»23"
Minimum
13.33° -I
6.8 -1
2.07 -2
0.026 -1
0.020 -1
16.9 -1
6.7 -1
~
50.0 -2
8.8 -1
51.0 -1
80.2 -1
0.00 -
0.010 -
<0.01 -
0.012 -1
0.07 -1
5.1 -1
1.9 -2
13" 41"
N
489
21
13
14
8
3
14
14
3
3
3
17
1
1
24
15
8
8
21
153
-------
Table 70. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 9-30-72/10-20-72
Test 1 40.8 mg/1 Selenite
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. GC
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
SiO^ mg/1
2
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fc mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
14.78°
7.554
2.82
0.088
0.079
15.8
14.8
35.9
9.5
59.1
85.2
40.8
a 0036
<0.003
0.154
0.12
5.8
2.3
1137"
SD
4
4.30
0.466
0.1373
0.0361
0.0498
0.9659
1.781
~
5.076
0.8556
4.229
4.786
0.9252
\
0.0609
0.0429
0.4442
0.3315
S£
0.160
0.914
0.0307
0.0084
0.0138
0.4319
0.3797
1.082
0.3826
1.892
2.140
0.1814
0.0114
0.0084
0.1282
0.0957
Maximum
20.56°-!
7.9 -2
3.09 -1
0.308-1
0.162-1
17.0 -1
17.1 -1
48.4 -1
10.6 -1
62.0 -2
91.8 -1
42.8 -1
0.0050-2
< 0.003-
0.270-1
0.26 -1
6.5 -1
3.1 -1
12'15»
Minimum
8.33°-l
6.7 -2
2.54 -1
0.031-1
<0.02 -2
14.9 -1
11.2 -1
--
31.0 -2
8.4 -1
51.8 -1
78.4 -1
39.0 -1
0.0014-1
< 0.003-
0.029-1
0.08 -3
4.9 -1
2.0 -2
10»59"
N
31
31
20
17
13
5
22
22
5
5
5
26
4
1
28
25
12
12
154
-------
Table 71. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 9-20-72/10-20-72
.Test 2 20.9 mg/1 Selenite
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N ng/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N ng/1
S04 mg/1
SiO_ mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Ca mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
14.89°
7.617
2.72
0.092
0.078
15.8
14.4
--
47*5
10.4
57.0
85.6
20.9
a 0017
<0.003
0.139
0.13
5.7
2.3
11137"
SO
4.44°
0.173
0.1766
0.0391
0.0419
1.006
2.781
--
6.026
0.9209
7.555
5.387
1.187
~
0.0731
0.0488
0.5941
0.3502
SE
4
0.17 °
0.000
0.0394
0.0077
0.0114
0.4499
0.5929
--
1.285
0.4118
3.379
2.409
0.2328
~
0.0138
0.0095
0.1715
0.1011
Maximum
20.56°-!
8.4 -3
2.95 -1
0.522-1
0.168-1
17.4 -1
17.8 -1
-
56.8 -1
12.0 -1
66.0 -1
94.0 -1
23.8 -1
0.0030-1
^0.003-
0.391-1
0.31 -1
6.6 -1
3.1 -1
12' 15"
Minimum
8.33°-l
6.7 -1
2.41 -1
0.047-1
<0.02 -1
14.9 -1
7.0 -1
26.4 -1
9.8 -1
50.4 -1
79.2 -1
18.4 -1
0.0004-1
10.003-
0.035-1
0.08 -3
4.3 -1
2.0 -3
10t59"
N
31
31
20
17
13
5
22
mm
22
5
5
5
26
4
1
28
25
12
12
155
-------
Table 72. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 9-20-72/10-20-72
Test 3 10.6 mg/1 Selenite
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °c
PH
N03-N mg/l
*VP *e/i
NH N mg/l
SO4 mg/l
SiO. mgA
2
Alk-P mg/l
Alk-MO mg/l
Cl mg/l
Ca Hard. mg/l
Tot. Hard, mg/l
Se mg/l
Zn mg/l
Cu mg/l
Mn mg/l
Fe mg/l
Na mg/l
K mg/l
Daylength
x
14.72°
7.575
2.63
0.063
0.082
16.4
13.8
54.5
10.0
57.4
88.9
10.6
Q 001 2
<0.003
0.149
0.12
5.9
2.3
11 137"
SD
4
4.32°
0.315
0.2392
0.0241
0.0466
1.374
2.626
5.671
0.5831
7.779
6.743
0.5329
0.1065
0.0412
0.6887
0.3397
SE
0.16°
0.010
0.0535
0.0055
0.0126
0.6143
0.5598
--
1.209
0.2608
3.479
3.016
0.1044
-.-
0.0200
0.0077
0,1988
0.0980 1
Maximum
20.56°-!
8.7 -1
3.13 -1
0.160-1
0.186-1
18.1 -1
17.8 -1
74.7 -1
10.6 -1
69.2 -1
99.8 -1
11.7 -1
0.0023-1
<0.003-
0.391-1
0.23 -1
7.3 -1
3.0 -1
12«15» I
Minimum
8.33°-l
6.5 -1
2.26 -1
0.036-2
-------
Table 73. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 9-20-72/10-20-72
Test 4 5.4 BIR/I Selenite
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mgA
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/i
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K rag/1
Daylength
X
15.28°
7.833
2.43
0.052
0.083
18.8
12.2
55.2
9.3
60.3
80.9
5.4
Q 00065
<0.003
0.104
0.14
5.9
2.4
11137"
SD
4.290
0.256
0.2748
0.0401
0.1377
4.240
2.917
4.496
0.7949
6.466
10.78
0.3788
0.1002
0.0784
0.5549
0.3423
SE
0.16°
0.000
0.0614
0.0084
0.0100
1.896
0.6197
0.9586
0.3555
0. 2892
4.819
0.0742
0.0187
0.0155
0.1602
0.0988
Maximum
21. 11°- I
8.7 -3
2.95 -1
0.150-1
0.149-1
23.7 -1
17.9 -1
63.8 -1
10.0 -1
70.0 -1
98.4 -1
6.3 -1
0.0016-1
<0.003-
0.390-1
0.36 -1
7.1 -1
3.0 -1
;2'i5"
Minimum
8.89°-l
7.1 -9
1.94 -1
0.010-1
0.027-1
15.1 -1
6.4 -1
44.8 -1
8.0 -1
52.8 -1
68.8 -1
4.7 -1
< 0.0005-1
<0.003-
0.006-1
0.05 -2
5.3 -1
2.0 -2
10t 59"
N
3i
31
20
21
13
5
22
22
5
5
5
26
4
1
28
25
12
12
157
-------
Table 74. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 9-20-72/10-20-72
Test 5 2.6 mg/1 Selenite
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
NOy-N mg/1
PO4-P mg/1
X
14.39C
7.742
2.57
0.005
NH -N mg/1 I 0.073
S04 mg/1
SiO mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/i
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
18.9
13.3
56.1
8.8
56.2
87.0
2.6
Q0015
<0.003
0.139
0.13
5.8
2.3
SD
> 3.179°
. 0.407
0.1914
0.0302
0.0401
3.952
2.528
5.036
0.9317
3.140
8.903
0.2210
0.1356
0.0670
0.6156
0.3846
SB
0.124°
0.014
0.0483
0.0063
0.0114
1.767
0.5390
1.074
0.4167
1.404
3.982
0.0432
0.0255
0.0130
0.1777
0.1111
Maximum
18.89°-!
8.8 -2
2.95 -1
0.104-1
0.148-1
23. 2 -1
16.8 -1
--
65.6 -1
10.0 -1
59.8 -1
102.4 -1
3.2 -1
0.0021-1
^0.003-
0.690-1
0.35 -1
7.1 -1
3.1 -1
Minimum
8,89°-l
7.0 -17
2.30 -1
0.016-1
0.027-1
14.6 -1
6.1 -1
46.0 -1
7.8 -1
51.8 -1
80.2 -1
2.0 -1
0.0004-1
< 0.003-
0.020-1
0.05 -1
5.2 -1
1.9 -1
10'59»
N
31
31
19
21
12
5
22
22
5
5
5
26
4
1
28
25
12
12
158
-------
Table 75. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 9-20-72/10-20-72
.Test 6 1.0 mg/1 Selenite
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
pH
W>3-N rag/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO. mg/1
2
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/l
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/i
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Day length
X
14.50°
7.866
2.46
0.054
0.079
18.7
12.3
56.5
9.2
56.6
85.2
1.04
OJD0095
< 0.003
0.130
0.12
5.95
2.3
111 37"
SD
3.137°
0.310
0.2129
0.0316
0.0463
3.124
3.083
2.807
0.6325
4.297
8.737
0.0859
0.0767
0.0584
0.4337
0.3720
SE
0. 122°
0.010
0.0475
0.0063
0.0126
1.352
0.6572
0.5984
0. 2828
1.921
3.907
0.0167
0.0145
0.0114
0.1252
0.1074
Maximum
18.89°-!
9.0 -2
2.96 -1
0.103-1
0.168-1
22.5 -1
17.3 -1
60.2 -I
9.8 -1
62.6 -1
100.0 -1
1.24 -1
<0. 00 20-1
-------
Table 76. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 9-20-72/10-20-72
Test 7 0.10 mg/1 Selenite
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. QC
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO4-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1 .
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
14.50°
7.712
2.46
0.044
0.079
18.9
11.9
57.4
9.6
58.9
88.5
0.10
Q 00085
(0.003
0.122
0.12
5.9
2.3
SD
3.1010
0.439
0.2311
0.0221
0.0427
3.224
3.320
2.914
0.4000
8.889
11.78
0.114
0.0920
0.0679
0.6007
0.3728
SE
0.1207C
0.014
0.0517
0.0045
0.0118
1.442
0.7079
_
0.6213
0.1789
3.976
5.268
0.0000
-_
0.0173
0.0134
0.1734
0.1076
Maximum
18.330-3
8.8 -4
2.87 -1
0.083-1
0.154-1
22. 1 -1
17.6 -1
63.2 -1
10.0 -1
72.6 -1
109.4 -1
0.13 -1
0.0015-1
<0.003-
0.400-1
0.34 -1
7.1 -1
3.1 -1
Minimum
8.89°-l
6.9 -11
2.11 -1
0.018-1
<0.02 -1
15.1 -1
5.4 -1
51.6 -1
9.0 -1
49.4 -1
81.0 -1
0.08 -2
0.0006-2
<0.003-
0.016-1
0.05 -2
4.7 -1
2.0 -2
10'59»
N
-31
3-1
20
21
13
5
22
22
5
5
5
24
4
1
28
25
12
12
160
-------
Table 77. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 9-20-72/10-20-72
Test 8 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO..-P mgA
^
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO- mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO * mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
"x
14.50°
7.993
2.36
0.050
0.090
18.9
11.9
~
56.7
9.6
55.2
88.9
0.01
OJ301C
<0.003
0.128
0.15
5.9
2.4
11*37"
SD
3.090°
0.400
0.2589
0.0389
0.0536
3.009
3.624
3.766
0.8532
4.208
10.56
0.1105
0.0782
0.7158
0.3701
SE
0.1205
0.014
0.0579
0.0084
0.0148
1.346
0.7727
0.8029
0.3816
1.882
4.723
0.0207
0.0155
0.2066
0.1068
Maximum
18.89°-!
8.9 -7
2.91 -1
0.126-1
0. 230-1
21.9 -1
18.6 -1
64.0 -1
10.6 -1
61.2 -1
106.6 -1
<0.01 -
0.0015-1
<0.003-
0.389-1
0.40 -1
7.5 -1
3.0 -1
12'U5"
Minimum
8.89°-!
7.1 -7
1.99 -1
0.010-1
0.020-1
15.4 -1
7.9 -1
--
48.6 -1
8.4 -1
50.6 -1
80.4 -1
<0.01 -
0.0005-1
<0.003-
0.012-1
0.08 -2
5.3 -1
2.0 -2
10»59»
N
3-1
31
20
21
13
5
22
22
5
5
5
25
4
1
28
25
12
12
161
-------
Table 78. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 11-9-72/12-4-72
Test i 40.9 mr/
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. QC
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
MV-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Day length
X
8.17C
7.405
2.98
0.098
0.117
18.1
14; 3
32.4
20.6
54.8
89.3
40.9
3.3
0.104
0.31
5.7
2.96
9t50»
SD
+
3.429°
0.125
0.1884
0.0228
0.0703
0.9192
1.661
3.585
5.827
8.381
8.693
2.075
0.1414
0.0311
0. 2085
0.6523
0.5123
SE '
+
0.147°
0.000
0.0486
0.0055
0.0221
0.4111
0.4439
0.9580
3.365
4.839
5.019
0.4423
0.1000
0.0063
0.0477
0.2063
0. 1708
Selenite
Maximum
12. 22° -4
8.0 -1
3.29 -1
0.138 -1
0.282 -1
19.5 -1
16.0 -2
~
39.0 -1
27.0 -1
62.0 -1
99.2 -1
43.3 -1
3.4 -1
a 167 -i
a 89 -i
6.6 -1
4.2 -1
10«12»
Minimum
5.00°-3
6.9 -3
2.64 -1
0.064-1
0.050-1
17.0 -1
9.7 -1
26.0 -1
15.6 -1
45.6 -1
82.8 -1
34.2 -1
3.2 -1
a 049-1
a is -i
4.8 -1
2.5 -1
9131*'
N
26
26
15
14
10
5
14
14
3
3
3
22
2
21
19
10
9
162
-------
Table 79. SUMMARY CHART - -SELENIUM 11-9-72/12-4-72
Test 5
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
pH
NOj-N mg/l
P04-P mg/l
NH -N mg/l
5
S04 mg/l
Si02 mg/l
Alk-P mg/l
Alk-MO mg/l
Cl mg/l
Ca Hard. mg/l
Tot. Hand, mg/l
Se mg/l
Zn mg/l
Cu mg/l
Mn mg/l
Fe mg/l
Ha mg/l
K mg/l
Daylength
"x
7.78°
7.645
3.01
0.102
0.087
18.3
13.7
30.9
17.7
51.7
83.1
40.3
4.5
0.104
0.32
5.6
3.0
9 '50"
SO
*
2.92°
0.382
0.1315
0.0232
0.0456
0.6978
2.383
6.412
5.942
0.4163
5.608
2.124
1.979
~
0.0351
0.1906
0.6689
0.4944
SE '
+
0.13°
0.014
0.0339
0.0055
0.0141
0.3121
0.6369
«
1.714
3.434
0.2404
3.238
0.4528
1.400
0.0071
0.0437
0. 2229
0.1648
Maximum
11.11° -2
8.5 -1
3.22 -1
0.127-1
1.58 -1 .
19.3 -1
16.0 -2
47.0 -1
24.01 -1
52.0 -1
88.0 -1
43.3 -1
5.9 -1
0.205 -1
0.82 -1
6.7 -1
4.2 -1
10 '12"
Minimum
3.33°-l
6.9 -1
2.79 -1
0.063 -1
iO.02 -1
17.4 -1
6.4 -1
17.0 -1
12.2 -1
51.2 -1
77.0 -1
33.0 -1
3.1 -1
0.053 -1
0.16 -2
4.7 -1
2.5 -1
9 '31"
N
24
26
15
14
10
5
14
14
3
3
3
22
2
21
19
9
9
163
-------
Table 80. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 11-9-72/12-4-72
Test 2 10.4 mfj
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO4-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/l
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
8.17
7.575
2.86
0.087
0.089
18.3
13.9
48.7
18.5
52.1
84.8
10.4
1.8
~
.086
.25
5.9
3.0
9 ' 50"
SD
+
3.429°
a 127
a 1275
0.0272
a 04 14
a 6465
1.689
~
3.537
5.707
3.202
3.666
6.334
0.3889
~
0.0259
0.1647
0.9004
0.5028
SE
4
0.147°
a ooo
0.0329
a 0071
a 0130
0.2891
a 4516
a 9452
3.295
1.849
2.117
a 1350
a 2749
0.0055
0.0377
0.2847
0.1676
/L Selenite
Maximum
12.22° -4
8.3 -2
3.04 -1
a 128 -i
0.162 -1
19.0 -1
15.5 -1
56.4 -1
24.0 -1
55.4 -1
88.0 -1
11.6 -1
2.05 -1
0.144 -1
0,69 -1
7.4 -1
4.3 -1
10»12»
Minimum
5.00°-3
7.2 -2
2.64 -1
a 044-1
a 029-1
17.4 -1
9.1 -1
44.0 -1
12.6 -1
49.0 -1
80.8 -1
9.5 -1
1.5 -1
0.052-2
0.11 -1
4.7 -1
2.6 -1
9'31»
N
26
26
15
14
10
5
14
14
3
3
3
22
2
21
19
10
9
164
-------
Table 81. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 11-9-72/12-4-72
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
pH
NOj N mg/1
K>4-* mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Day length
X
7.83°
7.771
2.87
0.097
0.109
18.5
13.6
47.4
11.5
48.0
80.9
10.3
2.1
0.106
.30
5.7
3.0
9 '50"
SD
3.00°
0.273
0.1462
0.0356
0.0693
0.5495
2.008
4.281
1.286
1.969
4.636
0.4938
0.7071
. ~
0.0405
0.1873
0.6903
0.4609
SE
0.14°
0.010
0.0377
0.0095
0.0219
2.458
0.5366
1.144
0.7424
1.137
2.677
0.1053
0.5000
0.0084
0.0429
0. 2183
0.1537
Maximum
11.11° -2
8.7 -1
3.14 -1
0.158 -1
0.260 -1
19.3 -1
15.5 -2
~
54.6 -1
12.4 -1
49.6 -1
84.0 -1
11.3 -1
2.6 -1
0.255 -1
0.79 -1
6.7 -1
4.1 -1
10-»12»
Minimum
3.33° -1
7.3 -47
2.63 -1
0.044 -1
CO. 02 -1
17.9 -1
7.6 -1
39.2 -1
10.0 -1
45.8 -1
75.6 -1
9.3 -1
1.6 -1
0.071 -1
0.14 -1
5.0 -3
2.5 -1
9«31"
N
26
26-
15
14
10
5
14
~
14
3
3
3
22
2
21
19
10
9
165
-------
Table 82. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 11-9-72/12-4-72
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si00 mg/1
Z
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/l
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe rag/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
8.17°
7.442
2.80
0.87
0.101
18.4
13.5
54.7
9.3
52.3
83.2
1.07
2.8
0.087
0.25
5.7
3.0
9»50»
SD
+
3.427°
0.136
0.1687
0.0363
0.0465
0.5612
1.612
^M
4.860
0.3055
8; 386
5.303
0.1015
1.273
0.0289
0.2203
0.8478
0.5431
SB
+
0.148°
0.000
0.0435
0.0095
0.0145
0.2589
0.4309
1.299
0. 1764
4.842
3.062
0.0214
0.9000
~
0.0063
0.0505
0.2681
0.1810
Maximum
12.22° -4
8.3 -2
3.12 -1
0.142 -1
0.172 -1
19.0 -1
15.5 -1
66.6 -1
9.6 -1
62.0 -1
88.4 -1
1.35 -1
3.7 -1
0.153 _i
0.87 -1
7.7 -1
4.3 -1
10' 12"
Minimum
5.00° -3
7.3 -150
2.51 -1
0.036 -1
0.020 -1
17.5 -1
10.0 -1
49.2 -1
9.0 -1
47.0 -1
77.8 -1
0.90 -1
1.9 -1
0-051 -2
0.07 -1
4.8 -1
2.5 -1
9»31»
N
26
26
15
14
10
5
14
14
3
3
3
22
2
21
19
10
9
166
-------
Table 83. SUMMARY CHART - SELENJUM 11-9-72/12-4-72
Test 7 1.0 mg/1 Selenite
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/l
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/i
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn rog/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
7.94°
7.591
2.85
0.081
0.078
18.5
12.7
52.8
10.0
47.0
77.9
1.04
1.9
0.084
0.25
5.6
0.25
9'50"
SD
2.99°
0.326
0.1699
0.0358
0.0503
0.8689
2.644
~
2.733
0.2000
2.307
1.405
0.1242
0.4949
0.0266
0.1869
0.7355
0.1869
SE
0.14°
0.010
0.0438
0.0095
0.0158
0.3886
0.7067
.
0.7305
0.1155
1.332
0.8110
0.0265
0.3500
0.0055
0.0429
0.2326
0.0429
Maximum
11.11° -3
8.7 -1
3.17 -1
0.139 -1
0.168 -1
19.6 -1
15.3 -1
58.8 -1
10.2 -1
49.6 -1
79.2 -1
1.35 -1
2.2 -1
0.165 -1
0.75 -1
6.7 -1
0.75 -1
10' 12"
Minimum
3.89° -1
6.9 -5
2.55 -1
0.038 -1
iO.02 -1
17.6 -1
5.4 -1
49.4 -2
9.8 -1
45.2 -1
76.4 -1
0.80 -1
1.5 -1
M
o.osi -i
0.10 -1
4.5 -1
0.10 -1
9«31»
N
26
26
15
14
10
5
14
~
14
3
3
3
22
2
21
19
10
19
167
-------
Table 84. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 11-9-72/12-4-72
Test 4
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °c
PH
NO N mg/1
K>4-* mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO2 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard* mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
X
8.17*
7.521
2.81
0.081
0.073
17.8
13.6
54.8
10.9
52.1
82.7
-0.1
3.1
~
Mn mg/1 0.080
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength 1
SD
3.427°
0.261
0.1134
0.0333
0.0516
0.8643
2.147
4.790
1.677
4.001
0.9018
2.051
0.0346
0.23 I 0.1495
5.9
2.9
9' 50"
0.9095
0.1856
I SE
0.148°
0.010
0.0292
0.0084
0.0161
0.3865
0.5739
1.280
0. 8386
2.310
0.5207
1.450
__
0.0071
0.0342
0.2876
0.0618
Maximum
12.22° -4
8.2 -2
2.94 -1
0.134 -1
0.140 -1
19.0 -1
16.1 -1
61.6 -1
13.4 -1
56.0 -1
83.6 -1
<0,1 -
4.5 -1
MM
0.182 -1
0.67 -1
7.5 -1
3.1 -3
10' 12"
Minimum
5.00° -3
7.0 -8
2.59 -1
0.037 -2
<0.02 -2
16.6 -1
7.9 -1
44.0 -1
9.8 -1
48.0 -1
81.8 -1
-------
Table 85. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 11-9-72/12-4-72
Test 8 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mgA
NH -N mg/1
S04 rag/1
SiO mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn rag/1
Fe mg/1
Na rag/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
8.05°
7.683
2.79
0.078
0.079
18.6
13.6
53.3
11.3
47.1
77.4
CO.l
2.7
0.085
0.22
5.7
0.22
9»50"
SD
2.99°
0.221
0.1311
0.0356
0.0453
1.007
2.308
1.725
1.509
3.828
3.516
1.697
0.0259
0.1326
0.7340
0.1326
SE
0.14°
0.000
0.0338
0.0095
0.0141
0.4506
0.6167
0.4609
0.7549
2.210
2.029
1.200
0.0055
0.0303
0.2321
0.0303
Maximum
11.67° -1
8.8 -1
3.09 -1
0.132 -1
0.148 -1
20.4 -1
16.0 -2
_.
55.8 -1
13.4 -1
51.4 -1
80.0 -1
^0.1 -
3.9 -1
*
0.138 -1
0.56 -1
7.2 -1
0.56 -1
10 '21"
Minimum
3.89° -1
7.0 -3
2.59 -1
0.026 -1
<0.02 -1
18.1 -2
7.0 -1
50.0 -1
10.2 -1
44.0 -1
73.4 -1
£0.1 -
1.5 -1
0.038 -1
0.11 -1
5.0 -1
0.11 -1
9'31"
N
26
26
15
14
10
5
14
14
4
3
3
22
2
~
21
19
10
19
169
-------
Table 86. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 4-3-73/5-11-73
Test 1 41.5mg/t Selenate
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. OG
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO2 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard. mS/i
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
u.V
7.218
2.88
0.129
0.058
27.3
12.0
""
18.8
22.7
49.7
83.0
41.5
0.016
0.097
0.16
15.3
2.0
SD
4.893°
0.356
0.2349
0.0305
0.0318
4.193
0.7447
--
15.12
11.17
4.692
4.535
5.753
~
0.0214
0.0669
12.12
0.1143
13«31»|
SE
f
0.178°
0.010
0.0460
0.0055
0.0077
1.210
0.1460
2,966
3.368
1.415
1.367
0.9333
__
0.0032
0.0126
3.030
0.0316
Maximum
20.0° -1
7.9 -15
3.25 -1
0.183 -1
0.102 -1
37.4 -1
13.4 -2
48.0 -1
32.0 -1
58.0 -1
94.0 -1
67.0 -1
0.017 -1
0.144 -1
0.35 -1
33.3 -1
2.2 -1
14115"
Minimum
5.56° -4
5.7 -2
2.35 -1
0.056 -1
<0.02 -2
23.8 -1
10.4 -1
6.0 -5
5.0 -2
44.0 -1
77.0 -1
34.5 -1
0.015 -1
0.080 -1
0.09 -2
4.8 -1
1.8 -1
12144"
N
751
39
26
22
15
12
26
26
11
11
11
38
3
30
27
16
13
39
170
-------
Table 87. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 4-3-73/5-11-73
Test 5 40.5mg/l Selenite
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO.-P mg/1
4
NH -N »gA
SO, ""g/1
*w4
SiO, mg/1
»
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl ng/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
11.79°
7.271
2.98
0.059
0.052
20.2
11.9
27.5
37.9
49.8
80.1
40.5
0.007
0.066
0.18
6.3
2.1
SD
4.893°
0.277
0.1908
0.0100
0.0632
1.541
0.8930
__
10.16
12.50
7.784
2.166
5.718
0.0138
0.1124
2.718
0.2315
SE
0.178°
0.000
0.0366
0.0158
0.4448
0.1718
1.955
3.769
2.247
0.6530
0.9399
__
0.0214
0.6794
0.0642
Maximum
20.0° -1
7.9 -3
3.25 -2
0.092 -1
0.189 -1
23.4 -1
13.4 -1
70.0 -1
46.0 -1
66.0 -1
84.0 -1
66.0 -1
0.008 -1
0.097 -1
0.48 -1
13,5 -1
2.4 -2
Minimum
5. 56° -4
6.2 -4
2.69 -1
0.041 -1
*0.02 -7
17.7 -1
9.9 -1
~
19.8 -1
4.0 -1
33.6 -1
77'. 0 -1
28.0 -1
O.C06 -1
0.044 -1
0.09 -3
4.2 -1
1.7 -1
12«44"
N
751
39
27
27
16
12
27
27
11
12
11
37
3
30
27
16
13
39
171
-------
Table 88. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 4-3-73/3-11-73
.Test 2 10.6 mg/1 Selenate.
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. oc
pH mg/1
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N rag/1
so4 "g/1
SiO mg/1
*1U2
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl fflg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
"x
11.79°
7.594
2.91
0.099
0.049
21.6
L2.3
40.2
13.3
1.5
2.2
10.6
0.006
0.059
0.16
6.8
2.1
13131"
SD
4.893°
0.313
0.2025
0.0309
0.0358
1.457
0.6630
2.993
6.979
3.830
3.488
2.185
0.0031
~
0.0179
0.0782
2.257
0.2022
-
SE
0.178°
0.010
0.0396
0.0055
0.0089
0.4205
0. 1300
0.5869
2.104
1.155
1.052
0.3592
0.0032
0.0148
0.5641
0.0560
Maximum
o
20.0 -1
8.5 -2
3.25 -1
0.156 -1
0.104 -1
24.4 -1
13.7 -1
47.0 -1
32.0 -1
58.0 -1
87.0 -1
22.0 -1
0.007 -1
--
0.100 -1
0.38 -1
11.2 -1
2.5 -1
14H5"
Minimum
o
5.56 -4
6.6 -1
2.46 -1
0.038 -1
<0.02 -4
20.0 -1
11.4 -2
36.03
6.0 -1
44.0 -1
76.0 -1
8.2 -1
0.005 -1
0.033 -1
0.08 -2
4.8 -1
1.7 -1
12144"
N
751
39
26
26
15
12
26
26
11
11
11
37
3
30
27
16
13
39
172
-------
Table 89, SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 4-3-73^-11-73
Test 6 10.4mg/l Selenite
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. oc
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO4-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO_ mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
11.79°
7.554
2.69
0.058
0.045
19.7
11.7
44.2
16.0
50.0
80.5
10.4
0.006
0.069
5.4
2.0
13' 31"
SD
+
4.893°
0.306
0.2647
0.0286
0.0370
0.8332
1.168
4.636
4.175
4.147
3.251
1.824
0.0202
~
0.8430
0.1894
SE
+
0.178°
0.010
0.0519
0.0055
0.0095
0.2512
2.336
0.9093
1.259
1.250
0.9803
0. 2959
0.0032
--
0.2107
0.0525
Maximum
20.0° -1
8.6 -3
3.19 -1
0.110 -1
0.124 -1
21.0 -1
13.3 -1
~
56.0 -1
23.0 -1
58.0 -1
86.0 -2
16.0 -1
0.008 -1
0.118 -1
0.45 -1
7.2 ~1
2.4 -1
14'15»
Minimum
5.56° -4
6.9 -1
2.09 -1
0.023 -1
£0.02 -4
18.4 -1
9.0 -1
36.0 -1
7.0 -1
43.0
76.0 -1
7.6 -1
0.004 -1
0.022 -1
0.06 -2
4.2 -1
1.7 -1
12«44»
N
751
-39
26
26
15
11
25
26
11
11
11
38
3
30
27
16
13
39
173
-------
Table 90. SUMMARY CHART
Test 3
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-H mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hrrd. m§A
Tot. Hard. ragA
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
F? mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
11.79°
7.901
2.33
0.077
0.056
19.4
11.9
48.8
8.2
49.7
81.6
1.2
0.007
0.055
0.16
5.3
2.2
13'31»
SO
+
4.893°
0.500
0.3671
0.0409
0.0418
1.090
0.7851
3.088
0.9749
3.859
3.955
a 21 15
0.0257
0. 1174
1.174
0. 1898
- SELENIUM 4-3-73/5-0.1-73
1.2 mg/1 Selena te
SE
*
0.178°
0.014
0.0719
0.0077
0.0105
0.3286
0. 1539
0.6055
0. 2939
1.163
1.193
0.0352
.
0.0045
0.0226
0. 2934
0.0526
Maximum
20.0° -1
8.9 -3
2.88 -1
0.168 -1
0.174 -1
21.3 -1
13.6 -i
56.0 -1
9.6 -2
56.0 -1
89.0 -1
2.0 -1
0.008 -1
0.128 -1
0.57 -1
9.4 -1
2.5 -2
14«15"
Minimum
5.56° -4
7.1 -10
1.81 -2
0.014 -1
<0.020 -1
17.6 -1
9.8 -1
44.0 ~2
6.4 -1
43.6 -1
72.0 -1
0.8 -1
0.006 -1
__
0.020 -1
0.03 -1
4.2 -2
1.9 -1
12144"
N
751
39
26
26
15
11
26
-_
26
11
11
11
36
3
__
30
27
16
13
39
174
-------
Table 91. SUMMARY CHART - ,SELEN1UM 4-3-73/5-11-73
Test
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. oc
pH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
W
S04 mg/1
SiO_ mg/1
2
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
11.79°
7.616
2.07
0.067
0.058
19.6
10.2
0.65
50.7
7.7
48.2
80.4
1.1
0.007
0.062
0.15
5.1
2.1
SD
4.893°
0.424
0.5017
0.0451
0.0421
0.6360
1.468
1.938
5.577
1.398
2.757
3.641
0.1978
0.0032
0.0187
0.0932
0.7646
0. 2221
SE
0.178°
0.014
0.0984
0.0084
0.0105
0.1918
0. 2879
0.3800
1.097
0.4216
0.8312
1.098
0.0329
0.0032
0.0179
0.1912
0.0616
Maximum
20.0° -1
8.7 -2
2.80 -1
0.160 -1
0.154 -1
20.4 -1
12.8 -1
8.0 -1
62.0 -1
10.0 -1
54.0 -1
84.0 -3
1.8 -1
0.007 -2
0.100 -1
0.41 -1
7.5 -1
2.5 -1
Minimum
5. 56° -4
6.5 -1
1.46 -1
0.008 -1
<0.02 -2
18.4 -1
7.0 -1
0.0 -23
42.0 -1
5.6 -1
44.2 -1
74.0 -1
0.8 -2
0.006 -1
0.021 -1
0.05 -1
4.0 -1
1.7 -1
12»44"
N
751
39
26
26
15
11
26
26
26
11
11
11
36
3
30
27
16
13
39
175
-------
Table 92. SUMMARY CHART - *HJWI»I 4-3-73/5-11-73
Test 8 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
SiO_ mg/1
4>
X
11.79°
7.900
1.61
0.102
0.067
9.6
6.3
Alk-P mg/1 3.0
Alk-MO mg/1 p5.6
Cl mg/1 17.9
Ca Hard. mg/1 K9.2
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
30.2
(0.3
0.011
0.078
0.16
6.3
2.0
SD
4.893°
0.503
0.5356
0.0536
0.0401
0.4945
3.194
5.302
11.88
1.327
4.763
3.371
0.0217
0.0569
2. 306
0. 2035
SE
0.178°
0.017
0.1050
0.0105
0.0100
0.1491
0.6263
1.039
2.331
0.4002
1.436
1.016
0.0032
0.0109
0.5764
0.0564
Maximum
20.00° -1
8.7 -2
2.64 -1
0.200 -1
0.170 -1
20.3 -1
12.0 -1
16.0 -1
78.0 -1
9.6 -1
60.0 -1
85.0 -1
<10.3 -
0.012 -1
0.118 -1
0.32 -1
10.4 -1
2.5 -1
14U5"
Minimum 1 N
5.56° -4
6.5 -2
0.90 -1
0.021 -1
£0.02 -2
18.8 -1
2.0 -1
0.0 -17
23.0 -1
5.2 -1
43.4 -1
74.0 -1
-------
Table 93. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 6-15-73/7-3-73
.Test 5 40.9 mg/1.Selenite
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. OG
PH
NO3-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
SiO mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
19.10°
7.701
3.00
0.049
0.080
17.8
14.1
29.0
11.4
51.0
81.0
40.9
0.012
~
0.094
0.159
5.6
2.0
14«58"
SD
4.233°
0.446
0.289
0.014
0.212
1.095
1.414
0.495
1.414
1.414
1.89
~
0.024
0.037
0.320
0.121
Si-
0.2108
0.020
0.091
0.150
0.346
0.447
0.350
1.00
1.00
0.479
0.010
0.113
0.046
Maximum
23.33° -2
8.6 -2
3.32 -1
0.071 -1
0.10 -1
17.9 -1
15.6 -1
32.0 -1
11.7 -1
52.0 -1
82.0 -1
44.0 -1
0.012 -1
0.128 -1
0.230 -1
6.0 -1
2.2 -1
14»59"
Minimum
16.11° -12
6.4 - 1
2.61 - 1
0.036 - 1
0.064 - 1
17.6
12.0 - 1
28.0 - 6
11.0 - 1
50.0 - 1
80.0 - 1
38.0 - 1
0.012 - 1
0.024 - 1
0.11 - 2
4.9 - 1
1.8 - 1
14«56"
N
19
19
10
12
5
2
10
10
2
2
2
16
1
12
12
8
7
177
-------
Table 94. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 6-15-73/7-3-73
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
NO_~N mg/1
a
?°4-P rag/1
"S"1* rag/1
S04 mg/1
Si°2 -g/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn rag/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
19.10°
8.07
2.91
0.076
0.067
29.4
14.97
48.8
9.8
50.0
84.0
0.4
0.012
o.o?e
0.181
5.1
2.1
14«58«
SD
+
4.233°
0.557
0.063
0.0374
0.0316
.
0.490
6.877
0.283
2.830
0.049
0.147
4.78
0.115
SE
+
0.2108°
0.026
0.020
0.0100
0.0141
__
0.155
2.174
0.200
~
.708
~
0.013
0.039
1.69
0.044
Maximum
23.33° -4-
8.7 -1
3.01 -1
0.130 -1
0.103 -1
29.4
15.9 -1
58.0 -1
10.0 -1
50.0
84.0
47.0 -1
0.012
0.172 -1
0.58 -1
30.0 -1
2.2 -3
14«59»»
Minimum
16.11° - 4
6.4 - 3
2.82 - 1
0.016 - 2
0.029 - 1
29.4
14.2 - i
34.0 - 1
9.6 - 1
50.0
84.0 -
37.0 - 1
0.012 -
0.020 - 1
0.08 - 1
15.5 - 1
1.9 - 1
14«56»
N
19.
19
10
11
5
2
10
~
10
2
2
2
16
1
14
14
8
7
178
-------
Table 95. SUMMARY CHART - SEEENIUM 6-15-73/7-3-73
Test 6 10.6 mg/1 Selenite
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. oc
PH
N03-N rag/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N rag/1
S04 og/1
Si02 rag/1
Alk-P rag/1
Alk-MO rag/1
Cl rag/1
Ca Hard. rag/1
Tot. Hard, rag/1
Se mg/1
Zn rag/1
Cu rag/1
Mn rag/1
Fe rag/1
Na n^/1
K rag/1
Daylength
X
19.10°
7.754
2.70
0.028
0.075
18.0
13.3
47.8
10.9
52.0
84.0
10.6
0.009
0.095
0.16
5.6
2.0
14 '58'
SD
4.233°
0.403
0;351
0.030
0.99
2'.089
.
2.573
0.707
2.828
1.071
0.07
0.079
0.45
1.21
SE
.2108°
0.017
0.111
_
0.010
0.70
0.661
0.814
0.500
.-
2.000
0.268
0.017
0.020
0.16
0.046
Maximum
23.33° -2
8.5 -2
3.03 -1
0.041 -1
0.110 -1
18.7
16.8 -1
52.0 -2
11.4 -1
52.0 -1
86.0 -1
12.8 -1
0.009 -
0.256 -1
0.41 -1
6.3 -1
2.2 -1
14159..
Minimum
16.11° -12
6.5 - 1
2.10 - 1
0.016 - 1
0.043 - 1
17.3
10.2 - 1
44.0 - 1
10.4 - 1
52.0 - 1
82.0 - 1
9.2 - 2
0.009 -
0.020 - 1
0.10 - 1
4.9 - 1
1.8 - 1
14»56"
N
19
19
10
12
5
2
10
10
2
2
2
16
1
14
13
8
7
179
-------
Table 96. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 6-15-73/7-3-73
.Test 2 JO.3 mg/1Delegate
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. QC
PH
NCy-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 n>g/l
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Du mg/1
An mg/1
3fi mg/1
6.324
0.283
-
0.516
0.082
0.118
2.130
.168
SB
f
10.2108
0.024
0.024
0.0141
0.40
10.228
~
2.000
0-200
-
0.129
0.022
0.031
0.753
Maximum
23.33° -2
8.9 -3
3.01 -1
0.113 -1
0.09 -1
21.4 -1
16.4 -1
68.0 -1
10.8 -1
50.0
84.0
10.8 -2
0.008 -
0.290 -1
0.49 -1
11.6 -1
2.3 -2
14159" 1
Minimum
16.11° -12
6.4 - 1
2.75 - 1
0.022 - 1
<0.02 - 1
20.6 - 1
14.4 - 1
-_
44.0 - 1
10.4 - 1
50.0 -
84.0 -
9.0 - 1
0.008 -
__
0.014 - 1
0.08 - 1
5.8 - 1
1.8 - 1
14»56»
N
19
19
10
12
5
2
10
-_
10
2
2
2
16
1
-..
14
14
8
7
180
-------
Table 97. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 6-15-73/7-3-73
.Test 3 .1.1 .mg/l_ Selenate
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °c
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO^-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO2 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
In mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
19.10°
7.867
2.76
0.063
0.060
19.0
15.3
51.0
9.4
51.0
85.0
1.17
0.013
0.093
0.148
5.85
2.06
14»58»
SO
4.233°
0.433
0.229
0.0300
0.0400
0.566
0.482
6.880
0.283
4.243
4.243
0.153
0.071
0.090
0.51
0.140
SB
4
0.2108
0.010
0.072
~
0.0173
0.400
0.152
~
2.176
0.200
3.00
3.00
0.038
0.019
0.024
0.18
0.052
Maximum
23.33° -2
8.6 -1
3.00 -1
0.122 -1
0.100 -1
19.4 -1
16.0 -2
56.0 -1
9.6 -1
54.0 -1
88.0 -1
1.3 -3
0.013 -
~
0.245 -1
0.41 -1
6.6 -1
2.2 -2
14»59"
Minimum
16.11° -12
6.4 - 3
2.33 - 1
0.011 - 1
<0.02 - 1
18.6 - 1
14.8 - 2
32.0 - 1
9.2 - 1
48.0 - 1
82.0 - 1
0.8 - 1
0.013 -
0.022 - 1
0.08 - 2
5.1 - 1
1.8 - 1
14»56"
N
19
19
10
12
5
2
10
10
2
2
2
16
1
14
14
8
7
181
-------
Table 98. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 6-15-73/7-3-73
Test 7 1.1 .me/I. Selenate
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. oc
PH
N03-N Bg/i
PO.-P Bg/l
NH -N mg/l
SO4 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl fflg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na Mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
19.10°
8.14
2.33
0.036
a 079
18.3
11.7
53.4
8.2
52.0
86.0
1.08
0.009
a 074
a is
5.6
2.0
14»58»
SD
4.233°
0.5224
0.508
0.020
0.030
a 566
2.512
2.119
0.283
5.657
0.160
a 068
a 065
a 269
a 129
SE
0. 2108«
0.0244
0.160
--
0.010
0.40
0.79
~
0.670
0.209
4.00
0.0400
0.017
0.017
0.095
0.048
Maximum
23.33° -2
8.9 -2
2.90 -1
0.061 -1
0.123 -1
18.7 -1
14.6 -1
~
58.0 -1
8.4 -1
52.0 -1
90.0 -1
1.4 -1
0.009 -
0.232 -1
0.32 ~1
6.0 -1
2.2 -1
141591?
~ 1
Minimum 1 fl
16.11° -12 1 19*
6.2 -1 1 19
1.63 -1 1 10
0.002 -1 1 12
0.046 -1 1 5
17.9 -1 1 2
8.0 -1
10
50.0 -1
8.0 -1
52.0 -1
82.0 -1
0.8 -1
0.009 -
__-
0.014 -1
0.06 -1
5.2 -1
1.8 -1
14156"
10
2
2
2
16
1
14
14
8
7
182
-------
Table 99. SUMMARY CHART - SELENIUM 6-15-73/7-3-73
Tost 8 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °c
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO^-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
3
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO rag/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. ""g/1
Tot. Hard. mS/i
Se mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn rag/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
19.10°
7.88
2.29
0.038
0.099
18.8
10.4
54.4
9.6
53.0
83.0
<0.3
0.008
__
0.060
0.112
5.5
2.0
14' 58"
SO
4.233°
0 .5263
0 .564
0 .0100
0 .0806
0 .636
3.310
2.458
a 566
1.414
1.414
0.045
0.030
0.214
0.121
SE
4
a 2108
a 0244
0.178
0.0360
0.450
1.046
0.777
0.400
1.000
1.000
a 010
Q075
a 046
Maximum
23.33° -2
8.7 -4
3.00 -1
0.056 -1
0. 21 -1
19.2 -1
14.1 -1
60.0 -1
10.0 -1
54.0 -1
84.0 -1
<0.3 -
0.008 -
a 14 -i
a 19 -i
5.8 -1
2.2 -1
14«59"
Minimum
16.11° -12
6.2 -1
1.49 -1
0.011 -1
£0.02 -1
18.3 -1
5.5 -1
52.0 -3
9.2 -1
52.0 -1
82.0 -1
<0.3 -
0.008 -
0.012 -1
0.07 -1
5.2 -1
1.8 -1
14«56«
N
19
19
10
12
5
2
10
~
10
2
2
2
16
1
14
14
8
7
183
-------
Table 100. SUMMARY CHART - BORON 5-20-70/6-13-70
JVst 1 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 ing/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
B mg/1
Zn rag/1
Cu mg/1
Mn rag/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
2.02
0.018
0.050
14.9
12.1
9.66
65.3
12.0
54.0
93.1
0.03
0.029
0.25
9.0
4.9
L4«46"
SD
*
0.3638
0.0141
0.010
1.10
3.254
3.785
11.29
2.82
0.0097
0.0117
0.1501
2.423
0.9263
SE
0.0939
0.0029
0.0037
0.635
0.6936
2.185
3.99
2.00
0.0022
0.0026
0.0336
0.9153
0.3501
Maximum
2.80 -1
0.052 -2
0.068 -1
16.0 -I
19.2 -1
14.0 -1
88.0 -1
14.0 -1
59.0 -1
94.0 -I
0.05 -2
0.056 -1
0.82 -1
12.4 -1
5.9 -2
14»58«"
Minimum
1.51 -1
0.001 -2
0.038 -2
13.8 -1
6.98 -1
7.0 -1
53.0 -1
10.0 -1
49.0 -1
92.2 -1
0.02 -5
0.008 -1
0.09 -1
6.0 -1
3.4 -1
14«03"
N
15
23
7
3
22
3
8
2
2
2
19
19
20
7
7
184
-------
Table 101. SUMMARY CHART - BORON 5-20-70/6-13-70
Test 2 0.15 mg/1
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
B mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
1.82
0.015
0.048
15.0
10.9
5.5
64.9
12.1
51.7
81.0
0.15
0.031
0.21
9.1
5.4
14»46»
SD
0.4290
0.0124
0.0084
1.301
2.476
1.33
7.61
2.68
1.83
0.0387
0.0157
0.0574
2.064
1.471
S£
~
0.1147
0.0024
0.0032
0.7513
0.5279
0.76
2.69
1.90
1.29
--
0.0084
0.0036
0.0128
0.7800
0.5563
Maximum
2.28 -1
0.045 -1
0.061 -1
16.3 -1
14.5 -1
7.7 -1
72.0 -2
14.0 -1
53.0 -1
94.0 -1
0.28 -1
0.055 -1
0.29 -2
11.5 -1
7.7 -1
14»58"
Minimum
1.03 -1
0.001 -1
0.034 -1
13.7 -1
5.8 -1
4.0 -1
52.4 -1
10.2 -1
50.4 -1
68.0 -1
0.10 -1
0.006 -1
0.12 -2
6.2 -1
3.4 -1
i4«03»
N
14
23
7
3
22
3
8
2
2
2
19
19
20
7
7
185
-------
Table 102. SUMMARY CHART - BORON 5-20-70/6-13-70
Tost 3 0.52 rng/I
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. C
PH
NOyN ng/1
PO4-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. hard, mg/1
B mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
to mg/1
C mg/1
Daylength
X
1.93
0.018
0.050
15.5
11.2
11.8
66.8
12.3
57.3
96.5
0.52
0.035
0.25
8.8
4.8
14146"
SO
0.2705
0.0184
0.0109
0.8145
3.889
4.39
9.11
2.40
0.0415
0.0135
0.0471
1.989
2.118
S£
0.0698
0.0032
0.0032
0.4702
0.8292
2.19
3.23
1.70
--
0.0095
0.0030
0.0105
0.7033
0.7487
Maximum
~
2.38 -I
0.064 -1
0.073 -1
16.1 -1
18.8 -1
17.2 -1
82.0 -1
14.0 -1
64.0 -1
99.0 -1
0.58 -2
....
0.062 -1
0.32 -2
11.8 -1
9.5 -1
14«58»
Minimum
1.52 -1
0.001 -1
0.037 -1
14.6 -1
5.4 -1
6.5 -1
52.2 -1
10.6 -1
50.6 -1
94.0 -1
0.41 -1
*<->
*«
0.013 -1
0.18 -2
6.0 -1
3.1 -2
14«03"
N
15
22
7
3
22
4
8
2
2
2
19
«...
20
20
8
8
K
186
-------
Table 103. SUMMARY CHART - BORON 5-20-70/6-13-70
Test 4 1.07 mg/1
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO_ mg/1
Cn
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
B mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
~
1.65
0.013
0.055
15.6
14.8
16.3
67.4
10.0
59.5
93.0
1.07
0.028
0.20
8.6
5.1
14»46"
SD
0.3650
0.0084
0.0134
0.7371
4.950
14.03
--
0.0547
~
0.0154
0.0778
2.824
1.820
SE.
~
0.0942
0.000
0.0045
0.4256
1.055
4.960
--
0.0122
0.0035
0.0174
1.067
0.6879
Maximum
2.24 -1
0.031 -1
0.072 -1
16.2 -1
22.6 -1
18.6 -1
96.0 -1
10.0 -
69.0 -1
98.0 -1
1.19 -1
0.052 -1
0.34 -1
13.0 -1
8.9 -1
14t58»
Minimum
0.95 -1
0.001 -1
0.032 -1
14.8 -1
6.6 -2
14.0 -1
52.2 -1
10.0 -
50.0 -1
88.0 -1
0.95 -1
<0.005 -1
0.10 -1
6.0 -1
3.6 -1
14»03»
N
15
22
7
3
22
2
8
1
2
2
19
~
19
20
7
7
187
-------
Table 104. SUMMARY CHART - BORON 6-26-70/8-6-70
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Boron mg/1
Mg mg/1
Zn rag/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
23.22°
7.8
1.47
0.057
0.063
17.1
14.0
63.3
15.0
54.8
85.3
1.05
6.5
0.012
0.069
0.15
10.5
4.3
14'44"|
SD
+
4.256°
0.8542
0.5805
0.0363
0.0218
3.868
3.748
7.354
5.899
8.995
4.272
0.0759
0.0509
0.0591
1.821
0.5354
Sli
+
0.8512°
0.1673
0.1097
0.0061
0.0058
1.729
0.624
1.839
2.408
4.976
2.136
0.0134
0.0079
0.0098
0.6439
0.1693
Maximum
28.66° -1
8.8 -3
2.76 -1
0.147 -1
0.104 -1
23.9 -1
122.0 -1
00.0
72.0 -1
24.0 -1
68.0 -1
90.0 -1
1.18 -1
6.6 -1
0.012 -2
0.249 -1
0.35 -1
13.78 -1
5.25 -1
15 «0"
Minimum
16.67° -1
6.2 -1
0.50 -1
0.010 -1
0.037 -1
14.5 -1
6.1 -1
48.0 -1
8.0 -1
48.0 -1
80.0 -1
0.92 -1
6.4 -1
0.011 -1
0.010 -1
0.06 -1
8.2 -1
3.65 -1
14 «0"
N
25
26
28
35
14
5
36
16
16
6
4
4
32
2
3
41
36
8
10
188
-------
Table 105. SUMMARY CHART - BORON 6-26-70/8-6-70
Test 3 0.52 mg/1 B
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
1*>3-N mg/1
PO.-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Boron mg/1
Mg mg/1
Zn mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
23. 27 °
7.6
1.66
0.057
0.061
16.1
15.9
61.6
16.0
56.5
89.8
0.52
6.5
0.011
0.072
0.15
10.4
4.2
14»44»
SD
3.509°
0.7961
0.5581
0.0281
0.0152
2.616
2.964
5.572
4.147
1.914
6.652
0.0338
0.0597
0.0585
1.329
0.3755
SH
0.7017°
0.1558
0.1054
0.0047
0.0042
1.068
0.494
1.393
1.693
0.9574
3.326
0.0057
0.0094
0.0097
0.4697
0.1187
Maximum
26.55° -1
8.8 -1
2.76 -1
0.113 -1
0.084 -1
21.3 -1
20.4 -1
00.0
70.0 -1
21.0 -1
58.0 -2
96.0 -1
0.58 -1
6.6 -1
0.014 -1
0.246 -1
0.35 -1
12.2 -1
5.0 -1
15 «0"
Minimum
18.83° -1
6.1 -1
0.68 -1
0.010 -1
0.035 -1
14.5 -2
8.2 -1
48.0 -1
12.0 -2
54.0 -1
84.0 -2
0.44 -1
6.4 -1
0.009 -1
0.006 -1
0.06 -2
8.1 -1
3.7 -1
14 «0"
N
25
26
28
35
13
6
36
16
16
6
4
4
32
40
3
8
10
3
2
189
-------
Table 106. SUMMARY CHART - BORON 6-26-70/8-6-70
T.rst 2 0.
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N rag/1
PO4-P rag/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 rag/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mgA
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Boron mg/1
Mg mg/1
Zn mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/l
K mg/1
aylength
s
22.55°
7.8
1.73
0.078
0.059
16.2
16.1
61.4
15.9
50.0
90.8
0.118
6.4
0.009
0.066
0.18
9.8
4.3
14 '44"
SO
+
3.325°
0.7953
0.499
0.0357
0.0195
1.545
3.079
7.171
5.08
2.828
11.81
0.0128
0.0438
0.0549
0.9392
0.5420
18 me/1
SB
+
0.6649°
0.1558
0.094
0.0060
0.0052
0.691
0.513
1.793
2.075
1.414
5.907
0.0023
~
0.0069
0.0091
0.3321
0.1714
B
Maximum
27.05° -1
9.2 -1
2.76 -1
0.140 -1
0.113 -1
18.6 -1
21.8 -2
00.0 j
69.0 -1
25.0 -1
54.0 -1
107.0 -1
0.15 -1
6.4 -1
0.010
0.186 -1
0.35 -1
11.4 -1
5.55 -1
15«0»»
Minimum
19.00° -1
7.0 -2
1.08 -2
0.013 -1
0.035 -1
14.5 -1
9.5 -1
"
46.0 -1
12.0 -2
48.0 -2
82.0 -1
0.10 -3
6.3 -1
0.008
< OrOOS -1
0.06 -1
8.85 -1
3.6 -1
14 «0"
N
25
26
28
35
14
5
36
16
16
6
4
4
32
' 2
3
40
36
8
10
190
-------
Table 107. SUMMARY CHART - BORON 6-26-70/8-6-70
Tost i control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO -p mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SO., mgA
4
SiO mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Boron mg/1
Mg mg/1
Zn mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
22.66°
7.9
1.74
0.075
0.059
15.5
14.7
59.7
16.8
50.0
99.0
0.029
6.6
0.01
0.077
0.22
10.1
4.4
14»44»
SD
3.6750
0.7495
0.5189
0.0381
0.0142
2.132
2.946
7.576
7.278
2.828
6.218
0.0062
0.077
0.0676
1.311
0,4517
SE
0.7349=
0.1469
0.0981
0.0064
0.0038
0.954
0.491
1.894
2.971
1.414
3.109
0.0011
0.0129
0.0112
0.4637
0.1428
Maximum
25.66° -1
9.4 -1
2.76 -2
0.156 -1
0.086 -1
18.6 -1
19.9 -1
00.0
68.0 -2
30.0 -1
54.0 -1
108.0 -1
0.04 -1
6.6 -1
0.012 -1
0.520 -1
0.35 -1
12.1 -1
5.5 -1
15 »0"
Minimum
. 16.83°-!
7.0 -2
0.86 -1
0.010-1
0.040-1
12.8 -1
7.3 -1
44.0 -1
10.0 -1
48.0 -2
94.0 -1
0.02 -6
6.6 -1
0.007-1
0.010-1
0.09 -1
8.8 -1
3.9 -1
14 »0»
N
25
26
28
35
14
5
36
16
16
6
4
4
32
2
3
40
36
8
10
191
-------
Table 108. SUMMARY CHART -BORON 9-24-70/11-4-70
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
NCyN mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO_ mg/1
2
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
B mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Pe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
21.00°
7.56
2.13
0.053
0.053
15.7
15.1
00.0
48. 2
13.3
49.1
95.0
1.04
--
0.073
0.16
5.9
2.6
11114"
SD
+
--
0.3003
0.0100
0.0173
1.463
..
12.81
2.891
1.774
3.162
0.231
0.1049
0.1271
0.3485
0.2422
SH
+
_-
0.0567
0.0016
0.0049
--
0.251
3.203
1.445
0.724
1.414
0.397
_.
0.0172
0.0195
0.1317
0.098
Maximum
22.50°
7.8 -1
2.98 -1
0.082 -1
0.086 -1
16.6 -1
17.8 -1
00.0 -
61.6 -1
16.0 -1
51.8 -1
98.0 -1
1.32 -1
--
--
0.500 -1
0.63 -1
6.5 -1
3.0 -1
12«07"
Minimum
20.00°
7.4 -1
1.67 -2
0.031 -2
0.033 -1
14.7 -1
12.0 -1
00.0 -
20.0 -1
9.2 -1
47.0 -1
90.0 -1
0.32 -1
..
..
-------
Table 109. SUMMARY CHART - BORON 9-24-70/11-4-70
Test 3 0.488 rng/1
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N *»8/l
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SO. mg/1
4
SiO, mg/1
ft
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
B mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
20.22°
7. A3
2.27
0.056
0.047
15.5
15.4
4.0
49.3
12.5
49.9
95.2
0.488
--
0.043
0.170
5.8
2.6
11 '14"
SO
--
0.1838
0.0100
0.0141
1.391
11.73
2.002
2.818
4.381
0.108
--
0.0404
0.0947
0.3132
0.2316
SE
0.0347
0.0016
0.0044
0.239
2.845
1.001
1.151
1.951
0.018
0.0070
0.0158
0.1184
0.0946
Maximum
21. 67°
7.6 -1
2.86 -1
0.076 -1
0.084 -1
16.7 -1
19.7 -1
4.0 -1
62.0 -1
14.0 -2
54.0 -1
98.0 -3
0.63 -1
--
0.174 -1
0.52 -1
6.2 -1
3.0 -1
12'07"
Minimum
18.89°
7.3 -1
2.01 -I
0.032 -2
0.024 -1
14.2 -1
13.2 -1
4.0 -1
20.0 -1
9.8 -1
47.0 -1
88.0 -1
0.10 -1
<0.01 -2
0.03 -1
5.2 -1
2.4 -2
10 '24"
N
3
3
28
35
10
2
34
17
17
4
6
5
34
--
32
35
7
6
193
-------
Table HO. SUMMARY CHART - BORON 9-24-70/11-A-70
» «r /i
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. rag/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
B mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
m
21.38°
7.53
2.28
0.055
0.043
15.5
14.9
00.0
48.4
12.5
51.5
96.0
0.125
0.070
0.20
5.7
2.4
11»14»
SD
+
«
0.1697
0.0141
0.0141
--
1.689
--
11.69
1.915
4.877
2.000
0.0231
--
0.0680
0.1145
0.2340
0.4535
SE
+
..
0.0320
0.0023
0.0042
0.2895
2.839
0.957
1.991
0.8944
0.0039
--
--
0.0122
0.0182
0.0884
0.1851
Maximum
22.78° -1
7.7 -1
2.64 -1
0.104-1
0.075 -1
17.6 -1
21.7 -1
0.0 -
63.8 -1
14.0 -2
58.0 -1
98.0 -2
0.16 -4
0.355 -1
0.46 -1
6.1 -1
2..6S -1
12»07»»
Minimum
20.00° -1
7.4 -1
1.99 -1
0.028 -1
0.020 -1
13.4 -1
12.6 -1
0.0 -
20.0 -1
10.0 -1
46.0 -1
94.0 -2
0.08 -2
._
<0.02 -1
0.030 -1
5.5 -3
1.5 -1
10 1 24"
N
3
3
28
35
11
2
34
17
17
4
6
5
34
30
39
7
6
194
-------
Table 111. SUMMARY CHART -BORON 9-24-70/11-4-70
Tcstl Control 0.032 mg/1
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
HH -N mg/1
5
S04 mg/1
Si00 mg/1
C*
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
B mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
21.22°
7.96
2.18
0.053
0.047
L5.1
15.1
0.0
»7.6
L3.5
W.5
>4.0
0.032
0.067
0.21
5.9
2.9
11 «14"
SD
--
0.2022
0.0100
0.0141
--
1.259
11.54
1.000
5.205
3.162
0.0086
0.0691
0.1433
0.3162
0.5037
SE
0.0382
0.0016
0.0039
0.216
2.80
0.5000
2.125
1.414
0.0014
0.0110
0.0232
0.1195
0.2056
Max imam
22.22° -1
8.02
2.52 -1
0.076 -2
0.096 -1
16.0 -1
18.6 -1
0.00 -
60.2 -1
14.0 -3
59.0 -1
98.0 -1
0.05 -2
--
0.263 -1
0.77 -1
6.2 -2
3.9 -1
12107"
Minimum
20.00° -1
7.9 -1
1.76 -1
0.028 -1
0.031 -1
14.2 -1
13.0 -1
0.00 -
24.0 -2
12.0 -1
46.0 -3
90.0 -1
0.02 -7
<0.02 -3
<0.01 -1
5.3 -1
2.5 -1
10' 24"
N
3
3
28
35
13
2
34
17
17
4
6
5
36
--
39
38
7
6
195
-------
Table 112. SUMMARY CHART - BORON 12-15-70/2-9-71
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp.
pll
N03-N
po4-p
NH3-N
so4
Si02
Alk-P
Alk-MO
Cl
Ca Hard.
Tot. Hard.
B
Zn
Cu
Mn
Fe
Na
K
Daylength
X
16.28°
7.825
2.76.
0.096
0.036
17.6
12.0
49.83
13.33
54.33
85.85
2.02
0.06(
0.15
6.1
2.7
9'43»
sn
»
3.512°
0.281
0. 2224
0.03517
0.0210
1.367
2.188
"
2.95
2.42
2.65
20.97
0.3232
__
0.0375
0.0664
0.9545
0.7996
Sli
+
0.0974°
0.000
0.0356
0.0053
0.0052
0.5584
0.3549
0.67
0.99
1.08
7.94
0.0563
0.0057
0.0108
0.1613
0.1999
1 Max imum
22. 22° -1
9.0 -1
3.36 -1
0.202 -1
0.090 -1
19.0 -1
15.9 -1
~~
55.0 -1
18.0 -1
58.0 -1
104.0 -1
3.10 -1
0.204 -1
0.39 -1
8.7 -1
5.5 -1
10«30"
Minimum
10.56° -1
7.2 -i
2.24 -2
0.045 -1
<0.02 -2
15.4 -1
6.3 -1
_
43.0 -1
12.0 -4
50.0 -1
42.0 -1
1.60 -1
0.007 -1
0.06 -1
4.8 -1
2.05 -1
9 1 21"
N
121
35
39
44
16
6
38
19
6
6
7
33
42
38
35
16
196
-------
Table 113. SUMMARY CHART - BORON 12-15-70/2-9-71
JVKt 7 Control
Che-mica t or physi-
cal analysis
Temp.
PH
N03-N
P04-P
NH3-N
so4
Si02
Alk-P
Alk-MO
Cl
Ca Hard.
Tot. Hard.
B
Zn
Cu
Mn
Fe
Na
K
Day length'
X
15.33°
8.036
2.79
0.110
0.034
18.1
11.9
~
50.6
14.0
52.5
89.4
<0.05
0.112
0.19
5.7
3.6
9»43"
Si)
3.319°
0.356
0.2050
0.0333
0.0185
1.601
2.218
--
3.43
3.57
4.46
10.17
0.0725
0.0801
0.8240
1.445
Sli-
0.0943°
0.000
0.0328
0.0050
0.0053
0.6535
0,3598
~
0.78
1.46
1.82
3.85
0.0112
0.0132
0.1434
0.4008
Maximum
21.67° -1
9.0 -1
3.25 -1
0.190 -1
0.056 -1
19.9 -1
15.8 -1
57.0 -1
18.0 -1
56.0 -2
104.0 -1
<0.05 -
__
0.346 -1
0.39 -1
8.3 -1
6.9 -1
10«30"
Minimum
7.22° -3
6.8 -2
2.25 -1
0.068 -1
<0.02 -2
15.4 -1
6.8 -1
~
44.0 -2
8.0 -1
44.0 -1
80.0 -1
<0.05
0.023 -S
0.05 -1
4.0 -J
2.2 -1
9«21"
N
121
25
39
44
12
6
38
~
19
6
6
7
23
42
37
33
13
197
-------
Table 114. SUMMARY CHART - BORON 7-20-73/8-20-73
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
W>3-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
SiO2 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
B mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Jaylength
1
X
19.28°
1.79
0.057
0.123
20.6
6.7
57.3
10.1
51.0
83.5
1.09
a 091
0.09
7.1
2.7
14«06'«
J>D
+
3.76°
0.5040
0.0400
0.0583
2.843
2.611
4.953
0.5032
2.582
3.416
0.0538
0.0728
0.0300
1.594
0.6252
SE.
«
0.1389
0.1126
0.000
0.0173
1.421
0.5838
1.108
0.2515
1.291
1.708
0.0141
0.0141
0.6508
0.2551
Maximum
24.44° -
2.77 -1
0.143 -1
0.204 -1
24.4 -1
12.1 -1
64.0 -3
10.8 -1
54.0 -1
88.0 -1
1.19 -1
0.251 -1
0.16 -1
8.9 -1
3.2 -1
14«35»
Mini mum
13.00° -2
~~
1.19 -1
0.006 -1
0.036 -1
18.0 -1
2.0 -1
48.0 -2
9.6 -1
48.0 -1
80.0 -1
0.99 -1
0.014 -1
0.04 -1
5.5 -1
1.8 -1
13'33»
N
730
«
20
21
11
4
20
20
4
4
4
13
24
20
6
6
32
198
-------
Table 115. SUMMARY CHART - BORON 7-20-73/8-20-73
.Test 5 1.0 MR/I Boron
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp.
pH
N03-N
po4-p
NH3-N
so4
Si02
Alk-P
Alk-MO
Cl
Ca Hard.
Tot. Hard.
B
Zn
Cu
Mn
Fe
Na
K 1
Daylength |
X
19.28°
2.15
0.068
0.114
20.1
10.5
55.1
10.6
53.0
».o
I
1.10
~
~
0.090
0.10
5.9
2.5
14IQ6"
SD
+
3.76°
0.4300
0.0424
0.0574
3.258
2.536
3.523
1.200
1.155
1.633
0.0655
-
0.0854 1
0.0374
0.4130
0.5316
SE
+
r. 1389°
-
3.0959
).0000
3.0173
1.629
3.5669
0.7877
6.000
0.5773
0.8164
0.0173
--
0.0173
-
0.1685
0.2170
1 Maximum
24.44° -1
_
2.76 -1
0.139 -1
0.184 -1
24.7 -1
14.7 -1
52.0 -1
11.6 -2
54.0 -2
1.20 -2
--
0.294 -1
0.18 -1
6.7 -1
3.1 -1
14'35»
1 Minimum
13.00° -2
~
1.47 -1
0.007 -1
0.024 -1
L7.1 -1
318 -1
18.0 -1
9.2 -1
52.0 -2
80.0 -1
1.00 -1
CO. 005 -1
0.04 -1
5.5 -1
1.9 -2
13«33"
N
730
~
20
21
11
4
20
20
4
4
4
13
~
21
20
6
6
32
199
-------
Table 116. SUMMARY CHART - BORON 7-20-73/8-20-73
T.-r.t 8 ControJL
ClwHic.tl or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N ngA
P04-P mg/i
IfflL -N mg/1
SO4 "g/1
Si02 ""g/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl »g/l
Ca Hard. mgA
Tot. Hard, rag/1
B rog/1
Ni |lg/l
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe rag/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
1 "
19.28°
1.53
0.082
0.132
20.1
7.2
~
56.7
9.7
55.0
83.0
0.05
0.8
0.091
0.07
6.2
2.9 1
14*06"
SI)
+
3.76°
0.6443
0.1392
0.0632
2.883
2.671
~
4.966
0.3828
4.761
2.582
0.0264
0.5099
~
0.0741
*
).1389°
).1438
).0300
).0173
1.441
0.5972
1.110
0.1913
2.380
1.291
0.1109
0.0141
0.0346 0.000
0.7984 1
3.935,2 (
2(
3.3258
3.3817
)0
Max i mu in
24.44° -1
2.78 -1
0.665 -1
Minimum
3.33° -2
0.59 -1
0.005 -2
0.244 -1 10.028 -1
24.2 -1
12.8 -1
72.0 -1
10.0 -2
62.0 -1
86.0 -1
0.07 -3
1.7 -1
-
0.260 -1
0.14 -1
7.8 -l
4.0 . -1
14*35"
0.7.5 -1
2.2 -1
50.0 -1
9.2 -I
52.0 -2
80.0 -1
<0.05 -2
<0.5 -4
<0.005 -1
CO. 04 -2
5.7 -2
1.8 -1
13*33"-
N
730
20
21
12
4
20
-
20
4
4
4
10
21
21
20
6
6
32
-------
Table 117 SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 3-29-71/4-29-71
Test 1 ' --" "- '
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -M »g/l
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Ni Hg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
19.11°
2.16
0.135
0.064
49.9
11.51
13.5
11.3
51.3
88.0
8.6
0.119
0.18
5.7
3.3
SD
5.151°
0.3391
0.0412
0.0141
3.309
1.908
~
2.697
2.309
5.033
10.58
1.808
0.0836
0.0554
0.2082
0.7085
SE
2.08°
0.0875
0.0085
0.0063
1.250
0.4068
0.8130
1.33
2.906
6.110
0.3247
~
0.0145
0.0105
0.1202
0.3169
Maximum
26.67°
~
2.67 -1
0.182 -1
0.086 -1
53.0 -1
14.0 -1
20.0 -1
14.0 -1
56.0 -1
100.0 -1
12.6 -1
*«
0.304
0.29
6.0
4.3
13'48»
Minimum
8.89°
1.68 -1
0.014 -1
0.042 -1
43.5 -1
4.7 -1
10.0 -2
10.0 -2
46.0 -1
80.0 -1
6.0 -1
__
0.028
0.08
5.6
2.4
12«34"
N
28
~_
15
23
5
7
22
--
11
3
3
3
31
~
32
26
3
5
201
-------
Table 119 SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL
3-29-71/4-29-71
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
IK>3-N mg/1
PO4-P mg/1
lOT-N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
SiO2 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Ni Hg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn ng/1
Fc mg/1
Na mg/1
K rag/1
Daylength
3c
18.89°
2.08
0.128
0.064
57.0
10.3
9.54
13.7
52.0
87.0
__
7.6
»
0.122
0.14
5.8
4.1
13»10"
A Vi «J »
SO
+
5.89°
0.4085
0.0538
0.0173
4.378
2.837
4.845
2.197
-._
0.0974
0.0485
0.3214
0.9834
SE
+
0.23°
0.0121
0.0112
0.0065
1.6547
0.6344
1.461
wmmm
0.3662
M*.
0.0161
0.0089
0.1856
0.4398
Maximum
27. 22°
2.65 -2
0.214 -1
0.090 -2
63.5 -1
17.4 -1
16.0 -2
18.0 -1
56.0 -1
88.0 -1
.._
14.8 -1
«
0.381
0.25
6.0
5.4
13148"
Minimum
8.89°
1.45 -1
0.005 -1
0.048 -1
51.0 -1
6.4 -1
2.0 -1
11.0 -1
48.0 -1
86.0 -1
3.8 -1
»»
__
0.028
0.09
5,4
3.2
12«34»
N
639
16
23
7
7
20
11
3
3
2
36
.._
..
36
27
3
5
202
-------
Table 119. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 3-29-71/4-29-71
.Test 5
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si00 mg/1
&
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Ni |ig/l
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
18.83°
2.16
0.127
0.224
56.6
11.12
~
9.5
14.0
50.7
98.7
4.78
.
__
0.136
0.16
5.7
4.3
13' 10"
SD
+
5.33°
0.3114
0.0374
0.1865
3.749
2.933
3.205
3.464
2.309
15.535
1.098
__
0.1015
0.0379
0.0577
0.4041
S£
+
0.21°
0.080
0.0079
0.0659
1.417
0.625
0.9663
2.000
1.333
8.969
~
0.2075
__
0.0187
0.0077
0.0333
0. 2333
Maximum
27. 22°
2.60 -2
0.196 -1
0.48- -1
61.0 -1
14.8 -1
14.0 -2
18.0 -1
52.0 -2
116.0 -1
_._
6.0 -2
~
_»
0.329
0.27
5.8
4.8
13 "48"
Minimum
9.44°
1.68 -1
0.005 -1
0.026 -1
51.0 -1
8.2 -1
6.0 -3
12.0 -2
48.0 -1
86.0 -1
.._
2.1 -2
__
MM
0.036
0.09
5.7
4.1
12'34»»
N
634
15
22
8
7
21
11
3
3
3
28
29
22
3
3
203
-------
Table 12Q SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 3-29-71 /4-29-71
Test 7 -----" "
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
o
Temp. C
PH
N03-M rag/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Ni |ig/l
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
"x
18.44°
2.04
0.112
0.067
53.5
8.9
10.9
14.7
50.0
89.3
4.54
0.113
0.17
5.8
4.0
13«10»
so
+
5.880
0.312
0.0435
0.0223
5.508
3.065
5.586
2.309
6.389
--
1.353
0.0906
0.0924
0.0577
1.003
S£
+
0.22°
0.081
0.0092
0.0084
2.082
0.6688
1.767
1.333
3.689
0.2430
«*
0.0155
0.0184
0.0333
0.5017
Maximum
26.11°
2.48 -1
0.194 -2
0.098 -1
61.5 -1
16.1 -1
24.0 -1
16.0 -2
50.0 -
94.0 -1
9.1 -1
».»
0.474
0.46
5.8
5.1
13 '48"
Minimum
7.22°
1.60 -1
0.005 -1
0.035 -1
45.0 -1
4.7 -1
4.0 -1
12.0 -1
50.0 -
82.0 -1
__
2.3 -1
__
^.^
0.020
0.09
5.7
3.1
12»34"
N
634
15
22
7
7
21
10
3
3
3
31
33
25
3
4
204
-------
Table 121. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 3-29-71/4-29-71
Test 6 2.21 ug/1
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp* C
PH
NO -N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
HH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO_ mg/1
2
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Ni (ig/1
2n mg/1
Cu mg/i
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
*
18.66°
2.39
0.142
0.063
56.1
11.7
..
7.2
11.3
51.3
99.3
2.21
-_
0.123
0.19
5.8
3.3
13' 10"
SO
5.22°
0.855
0.0412
0.0244
5.247
2.164
~
3.43
1.1546
2.309
11.37
0.4264
0.0769
0.0377
0.0577
0.5831
SE
0.21°
0.214
0.0085
0.0099
1.983
0.4722
0.9911
0.6666
1.333
6.566
0.0836
0.0148
0.0077
0.0333
0. 2915
Maximum
26.67°
2.64 -1
0.202 -1
0.100 -1
64.0 -1
13.8 -1
15.0 -1
12.0 -2
54.0 -1
112.0 -1
3.1 -1
0.304
0.25
5.9
4.1
13>48»
Minimum
11.67°
1.74 -1
0.005 -1
0.026 -1
50.5 -1
4.9 -1
4.0 -1
10.0 -1
50.0 -2
90.0 -1
1.4 -1
0.043
0.10
5.8
2.7
12'34"
N
633
16
23
6
7
21
12
3
3
3
26
26
23
3
4
205
-------
Table 122. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 3-29-71 /4T29-71
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
NOg-N rag/1
pCy-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiOo mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Ni Hg/1
Zn mgA
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
x
19.05
2.06
0.110
0.052
57.5
6.91
11.64
12.0
48.0
98.0
2.0
0.091
0.15
6.2
5.0
SD
f
5.145°
0.4129
0.0366
0.0173
3.214
2.976
4.884
2.00
8.717
1.08
0.0602
0.0495
0. 2082
1.063
SE
0.208°
0.1066
0.0076
0.0070
1.215
0.649
1.473
1,155
5.033
0.208
0.0114
0.0100
0.1202
0.5313
Maximum
26.67
2. 76 -1
0.153 -1
0.084 -1
64.0 -1
13.58 -1
20.0 -1
12.0 -
50.0 -1
108.0 -1
6.8 -1
0.214
0.25
6.4
6.1
13 '48"
Minimum
8.89
1.45 -1
0.009 -1
0.026 -1
54.5 -1
2.6 -1
6.0 -3
12.0
46.0 -1
92.0 -1
0.7 -1
0.027
0.07
6.0
3.8
12»34"
N
28
15'
23
6
7
21
11
3
3
3
27
__
27
24
3
4
206
-------
Table 123 SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 3-29-71/4-29-71
.Test 3 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N rag/1
PO.-P mg/J.
t
NH -N mg/1
SO,, rag/1
4
SiOg mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Ni Hg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Pe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
19.05°
2.03
0.109
0.055
53.7
7.94
10.0
16.7
50.1
96.7
0.41
__
_
0.072
0.11
5.7
3.9
13 '10'
SD
5.174°
0.4133
0.0363
0.0200
2.160
2.000
4.0
6.429
1.155
20.82
0. 2805
__
__
0.0379
0.0499
6.557
1.124
SE
0.2088C
~
0.1067
0.0076
0.0075
0.882
.0.4264
1.154
3.712
0.6666
12.02
--
0.0551
....
__
0.0071
0.0100
0.3786
0.5618
Maximum
26.67°
2.69 -1
0.166 -1
0.088 -1
56.5 -1
10.8 -1
~
16.0 -1
24.0 -1
52.0 -2
120.0 -1
__
0.9 -2
__
__
0.174
0.22
6.4
5.2
13»48"
Minimum
10.00°
~
1.52 -1
0.000 -1
0.026 -1
51.0 -1
4.3 -1
4.0 -1
12.0 -1
50.0 -1
80.0 -1
<0.2 -4
__
0.025
<0.03
5.1
2.6
12'34»
N
28
^
23
7
6
22
2
3
3
3
26
27
24
3
4
207
-------
Table 124. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL
3-29-71/4-29-71
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO- mg/1
2
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Ni Hg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
19.00°
--
2.05
0.108
0.064
54.3
8.19
13.8
12.7
48.3
96.0
0.6
0.092
0.16
5.7
4.8
13' 10"
SO
+
5.107°
0.4863
0.0401
0.0284
5.83
4.0036
.
6.740
1.155
2.081
11.14
0.3838
-_
0.0679
0.0806
0.6506
0.9626
SE
+
0. 2066C
0.1255
0.0084
0.0127
2.204
0.853!
1.946
0.6666
1.202
6.43
*»
0.0753
~
0.0122
0.0158
0.3756
0.4813
Maximum
27.22°
3.04 -1
0.156 -1
0.098 -1
63.5 -1
16.02 -1
28.0 -1
14.0 -1
50.0 -1
108.0 -1
1.7 -1
0.300
0.40
6.4
5.9
13 '48"
Minimum
8.89°
1.43 -1
0.005 -1
0.026 -1
48.0 -1
2.2 -1
4.0 -1
12.0 -2
46.0 -1
86.0 -1
0.2 -3
0.007
0.03
5.1
3.6
12'34"
N
28
15
23
5
7
22
12
3
3
3
26
29
25
3
4
208
-------
Table 125. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 5-22-71^-31-71
Chemical or phy s i-
cal analysis
Temp. C
pH
JK>3-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
SO* mg/1
4
SiO_ mg/1
m*
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Ni Ug/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
"x
16.22°
6.835
2.19
0.134
0.074
36.9
13.7
-
33.2
10.5
51.3
87.0
9.1
0.135
0.20
5.9
2.5
14»52"
Test 1 "9.1 ue/i
SD
3.950
0.371
0.3966
0.0506
0.0404
21.74
2.852
18.72
1.000
4.84
5.000
1.719
0.0753
0.0621
0.7637
0.2986
SE
0.114C
0.010
0.090S
0.008?
0.010?
10.87
0.570^
4.833
0.500
1.98
2.236
0.262J
O.Ollc
o.oio;
0.446S
0.149:
*
Ni
Maximum
25.00° -1
8.1 -3
2.90 -1
0.238 -2
0.153 -1
64.5 -1
20.4 -1
55.0 -1
12.0 -1
60.0 -1
95.0 -1
12.4 -1
0.321 -1
0.35 -J
6.8 -1
2.8 -J
14«59»
Minimum
12.22° -2
6.1 -3
1.63 -1
0.068 -1
0.000 -1
15.1 -1
9.8 -1
6.0 -1
10.0 -3
46.0 -1
82.0 -1
4.6 -1
0.030 -1
0.10 -1
5.3 -1
2.1 -1
14 '34"
N
53
53
19
33
14
4
25
15
4
6
5
43
40
37
3
4
209
-------
Table 126. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 5-22-71/7-31-71
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO4-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
Si<>2 mg/1
Alfc-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, rag/1
Ni |ig/l
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
3aylength
Ic
16.78°
6.951
2.14
0.127
0.071
36.1
10.8
34.13
10.4
53.429
88.33
8.1
0.141
0.18
5.9
3.4
4'52"
SD
+
5.002°
0.435
0.4746
0.0454
0.0408
23.01
3.295
21.741
2.967
6.803
5.854
1.968
0.0930
0.0678
0.5686
0.8655
SB
+
.1506°
0.010
0.0931
0.0070
0.0106
10.29
0.5918
5.435
1.327
2.571
2.390
.286
0.0132
0.0104
0.3283
0.4328
Maximum
25.56° -2
8.3 -1
2.91 -1
0.215 -1
0.162 -1
65.5 -1
18.0 -1
~-
59.0 -1
14.0 -1
66.0 -1
98.0 -1
13.1 -1
0.353 -1
0.33 -1
6.6 -1
4.4 -1
14t59»
Minimum
8.33° -
6.0 -1
1.46 -1
0.049 -1
0.000 -1
14.6 -1
2.9 -1
4.0 -1
6.0 -1
46.0 -1
82.0 -1
3.1 -1
0.030 -1
0.05 -1
5.5 -1
2.4 -1
14«34»
N
53
53
26
41
15
5
3.1
16
5
7
6
47
50
42
3
4
210
-------
Table 127. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 5-22-71/^-31-71
Tt?st 7 51 ug/1 Ni
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
pH
H03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
so4 "»g/i
SiO, mg/1
*
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Ni Ug/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
* mg/1
Daylength
X
16.50°
6.983
2.64
0.125
0.068
36.5
15.4
34.2
8.5
54.8
90.0
5.1
0.131
0.19
5.9
2.7
14'52'
SD
+
4.696°
0.480
0.4467
0.0573
0.0466
19.8
3.456
19.47
1.915
5.762
5.477
1.127
--
0.0909
0.0731
0.7506
0.7544
Sli
+
0. 1414°
0.013
0.0988
0.0103
0.0147
9.900
0.6913
5.399
0.9574
2.577
2.4419
.1879
0.0154
0.0125
0.4333
0.3722
Maximum
25.00° -3
8.4 -1
2.94 -1
0.246 -1
0.147 -1
57.5 -1
21.9 -1
68.0 -1
10.0 -2
62.0 -1
96.0 -1
7.1 -2
0.370 -1
0.32 -1
6.7
3.8
14»59"
Minimum
8.33° -1
6.0 -2
1.45 -1
0.052 -1
0.000 -1
15.7 -1
5.0 -1
8.0 -1
6.0 -1
50.0 -2
82.0 -1
2.4 -1
.
0.010 -1
0.06 -1
5.2
2.2
14«34"
N
53
S3
20
33
.0
4
25
13
4
5
5
36
35
34
3
4
211
-------
Table 128. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 5-22-71/7- 31-71
Test 5
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -K mg/1
SO4 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Ni |lg/l
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
1 "
16.22
6.994
2.29
0.139
0.191
35.5
15.6
35.25
9.400
51.14
90.67
4.9
0.130
0.19
6.2
2.3
14«52"
SO
+
4.528<>
1 0.478
0.4030
0.0509
0.1586
18.97
2.541
21.959
2.793
6.309
10.25
1.147
0.0849
0.0855
0.5508
0.1293
SE
+
I0.13671
0.010
0.0790
0.0079
0.0384
8.487
0.4563
._
5.4897
1.249
2.385
4.185
0.1769
0.0126
0.0137
0.3197
0.0946
Maximum
124.44 -J
8.3 -I
3.00 -1
0.238 -1
0.64 -1
62.5 -1
20.9 -1
~
70.0 -1
12.0 -2
62.0 -1
108.0 -1
6.8 -1
0.320 -1
0.38 -1
6.8 -1
2.4 -1
14i59«
Minimum
18.33 -1
6.1 -4
1.70 -1
0.065 -1
0.039 -1
18.2 -1
9.5 -1
~"
4.0 -1
6.0 -1
42.0 -1
82.0 -2
2.1 -1
--
0.025 -1
0.05 -1
5.8 -1
2.3 -1
14«34»
N
53
S3
26
41
17
5
31
""
16
5
7
6
42
45
39
3
4
212
-------
Table 129. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 5-22-7^/7-31 -71
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 rag/1
SiO, mg/1
»
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Ni Hg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
16.39°
7.005
2.18
0.136
0.0621
36.1
13.1
32.56
10.2
55.714
87.0
2.3
0.155
0.18
10.6
3.0
14" 5 2"
TVSt 6 2
SI)
f
4.6790
0.492
0.4931
0.0547
0.0339
21.86
2.541
21.472
2.49
7.158
4.147
0.5895
0.1041
0.0741
8.983
0.7089
3 Ue/1 1^
Sli
+
0.1410P
0.010
0.0967
0.0086
0.0090
9.776
0.4563
~
5.368
1.14
2.706
1.693
0.0921
0.0161
0.0118
4.492
0.3544
i
Maximum
25.00° -2
8.3 -3
3.09 -1
0.258 -1
0.129 -1
63.5 -1
17.2 -1
~
62.0 -1
14.0 -1
70.0 -1
92.0 -1
3.9 -1
0.402 -1
0.32 -1
24.0 -1
3.9 -1
14159"
Minimum
8.33° -1
6.0 -1
1.40 -1
0.042 -1
0.020 -1
16.0 -1
5.1 -1
4.0 -1
7.0 -1
50.0 -2
80.0 -1
1.6 -1
0.045 -1
0.05 -1
5.5 -1
2.4 -1
14«34"
N
53
S3
26
41
14
5
31
16
5
7
6
41
42
39
4
4
213
-------
Table 130. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 5-22-71/7-31-71
m * » 1 O .. /I
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO4-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Ni |ig/l
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K rag/1
Daylength
X
16.56°
6.845
2.12
0.115
0.059
31.9
10.1
37.188
11.0
54.571
93.5
2.2
0.056
0.20
6.4
3.1
14»52»
SD
+
4.087°
0.406
0.4443
0.0469
0.0030
21.62
3.106
21.349
2.449
4.429
8.843
0.5272
0.0776
0.0685
1.400
0.4796
SE
4
0.1178°
0.010
0.0871
0.0073
0.0091
9.670
0.5578
5.3371
1.0954
1.674
3.613
.0813
0.0118
0.0107
0.8083
0.2398
Maximum
25.56° -1
8.2 -2
3.03 -1
0.212 -1
0.124 -1
65.0 -1
14.6 -1
61.0 -1
14.0 -1
60.0 -1
108.0 -1
3.4 -1
0.312 -1
0.39 -1
8.0 -1
3.5 -1
14«59"
Minimum
11.67° -1
6.0 -3
1.39 -1
0.042 -1
0.000 -1
15.1 -1
1.0 -1
**
4.0 -1
8.0 -1
46.0 -1
86.0 -2
1.2 -1
0.00 -1
0.07 -1
5.4 -1
2.35 -1
14 '34"
N
55
53
26
41
13
5
31
16
5
7
6
42
43
41
3
4
214
-------
Table 131. SUMMARY CHART
Test 3
NICKEL 5-22-71/7-31-71
Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
o
Temp. C
PH
H03-M ng/1
P04-P mg/1
UH -N mg/1
mf
S04 mg/1
SiO, mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Ni V'g/i
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
16.61°
6.899
2.68
0.118
0.059
33.7
11.2
36.125
10.6
49.714
89.0
0.8
0.155
0.19
3.1
6.0
14152"
SD
4.1690
0.424
2.769
0.0408
0.0279
20.72
3.323
18.261
2.408
7.158
5.899
0.2904
0.0924
0.0656
0.8655
0.5859
SE
*
0.1200°
0.010
0.5537
0.0064
0.0080
9.268
0.5969
4.561
1.077
2.706
2. 408
0.0443
0.0141
0.0105
0.4328
0.3383
Maximum
25.56° -1
8.3 -1
2.96 -3
0.203 -3
0.100 -3
66.0 -1
16.2 -1
_
60.0 -3
14.0 -3
64.0 -3
96.0 -3
1.6 -3
--
0.361 -3
0.31 -3
4.2 -3
6.7 -]
14»59»
Minimum
11.67° -1
6.0 -1
1.50 -1
0.046 -1
0.000 -1
16.7 -1
10.0 -1
6.0 -1
8.0 -1
44.0 -3
80.0 -1
0.4 -5
_.-
~
0.020 -1
0.06 -1
2. 26 -1
5.6 -1
14«34"
N
53
53
25
41
12
5
31
16
5
7
6
43
43
39
4
3
215
-------
Table 132. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 5-22-71/7-31-71
Test 4 - Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO. mg/1
ft
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Ni |ig/l
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
16.94°
6.889
2.11
0.119
0.070
35.8
11.9
35.7
9.25
51.7
85.6
0.8
0.109
0.21
6.5
2.8
14»52"
SD
+
4.352°
0.391
0.4577
0.0424
0.0436
21.81
2.331
19.75
1.500
7.089
4.34
0.2820
0.0598
0.0625
0.6244
0.3109
SE
+
0.126
0.010
0.102.
0.007
0.014
10.91
0.466:
~
5.28
0.750C
2.894
1.94
0.0457
0.0093
0.0101
0.360*
Maximum
o 26.11° -
8.3
2.88 -
0.208 -
0.1381 -1
66.0 -1
16.2 -1
70.0 -1
10.0 -3
62.0 -1
92.0 -1
1.6 -]
0.326 -1
0.33 -3
7.0 -1
0.155<| 3.0 -1
1 14159"
Minimum
11.67° -
6.0
1.47 -1
0.052 -1
0.020 -2
17.3 -1
7.4 -1
6.0 -1
7.0 -a
40.0 -1
82.0 -2
0.4 -3
0.030 -1
0.09 -1
5.8 -J
2.25 -1
14«34"
N
53
53
20
33
9
4
25
14
4
6
5
38
36
34
3
4
216
-------
Table 133. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 11-5-71/12-12-71
Testl 1 mg/1 Ni
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N n>g/l
P04-P ng/1
3"
S04 mg/1
SiO_ mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Ni mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
* mg/1
Daylength
X
19.55°
7.92
3.29
0.101
0.11
22.4
16.5
53.6
11.3
55.6
113.0
1.04
0.025
0.021
0.29
0.21
6.43
3.58
914711
SD
1.7°
0.31
0.4105
0.0346
0.0923
5.576
1.416
2.755
2.066
2.607
9.309
0.1279
0.0049
0.0127
0.1261
0.1741
0.5559
0.7368
SE
0.3°
0.04
0.0838
0.0069
0.0256
1.681
0.2953
0.5744
0.8433
1.166
4.654
0.0232
0.003!
0.009C
0.022;
0.033!
0.175*
0.233(
Maximum
23.61° -4
8.8 -4
3.73 -1
0.192 -1
0.29 -1
36.4 -1
19.4 -1
59.8 -1
14.0 -1
58.0 -2
122.0 -1
i!so -i
0.028 -
0.030 -
0.66 -1
0.96 -1
7.3 -1
4.8 -1
10 « 21"
Minimum
16.39° -8
6.8 -1
2.21 -1
0.039 -1
<0.02 -1
16.9 -1
14.2 -1
50.0 -3
8.0 -1
52.0 -1
104.0 -1
0.80 -1
0.021 -
0.012 -
0.101 -1
0.07 -1
5.4 -1
2.5 -1
9«23»
N
38
38
24
25
13
11
23
23
6
5
4
6
33
2
2
32
27
10
10
217
-------
Table 134. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 11-5-71/12-12-71
Test 2 0.5 mz/l
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °c
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/i
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Ni mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
"x
iO.li0
7.96
2.97
0.089
0.102
23.3
L5.6
>3.0
L2.3
50.4
100.0
0.50
0.017
0.011
0.237
0.20
6.43
3.87
9»47"
SO
2.0°
0.30
0.3049
0.0197
0.0944
4.435
1.229
3.017
1.506
3.847
6.733
0.0735
0.0021
0.0007
0.1344
0.1586
0.5559
1.003
S£
0.3°
0.04
0.0623
0.0039
0.0261
1.337
0.2564
0.6291
0.6146
1.720
3.367
0.0130
0.0015
0.0004
0.0238
0.0305
0.1757
0.3171
Maximum
25.83 -2
8.8 -1
3.31 -1
0.134 -1
0.35 -1
33.8 -I
17.9 -1
60.0 -1
14.0 -2
56.0 -1
108.0 -1
0.68 -1
0.018 -
0.011 -
0.570 -1
0.91 -1
7.2 -1
5.4 -1
10121"
Minimum
16.67 -8
6.7 -1
1.81 -1
0.059 -1
0.0248-1
19.5 -1
13.6 -1
48.0 -1
10.0 -1
46.0 -1
92.0 -1
o!34 -1
0.015 -
0.010 -
0.044 -1
0.08 -1
5.5 -1
2.9 -2
9»23»
N
S8
38
24
25
13
11
23
23
6 '
5
4
6
32
2
2
32
27
10
10
218
-------
Table 135. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 11-5-71/12-13-71
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO -P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SQA mg/1
w^
Si00 mg/1
&
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Hi mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
*
20.78°
7.74
2.68
0.095
0.084
25.9
L4.3
51.2
11.3
54.0
95.5
0.05
0.014
0.008
0.123
0.16
6.33
3.35
9»47»
SO
2.2°
0.18
0.5148
0.0341
0.0687
6.890
3.951
2.937
2.422
8.831
5.259
0.0146
0.0021
0.0685
0.1170
0.5121
0.3647
SE
0.3°
0.00
0.1051
0.0068
0.0191
2.077
0.8238
0.6124
0.9888
3.949
2.629
0.0025
0.0015
0.0121
0.0225
0.1619
0.1153
Maximum
25.83° -4
9.1 -1
3.39 -1
0.163 -1
0.22 -1
43.2 -1
20.3 -1
56.0 -3
14.0 -2
66.0 -1
100.0 -3
0.09 -1
0.015 -
0.008 -
0.255 -1
0.67 -1
6.9 -1
3.9 -1
10 « 21"
Minimum
15.28° -4
6.5 -1
1.07 -1
0.033 -1
<0.02 -2
18.9 -1
9.0 -1
46.0 -1
8.0 -1
42.0 -1
90.0 -1
o!o3 -8
0.012 -
0.008 -
0.010 -1
0.08 -1
5.4 -I
2.95 -1
9'23»'
K
38
38
24
25
13
11
23
23
6
5
4
6
33
2
2
32
27
10
10
219
-------
Table 136. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL
A Control
11-5-71 12-12-71
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO4-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Kg mg/1
Allc-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Hi mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Ma mg/1
Ca mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
7
21.27
7.50
2.73
0.105
0.089
26.7
15.5
7.91
51.9
11.3
56.0
98.0
«
0.012
0.008
0.084
0.16
7.86
2.5
3.01
47"
SO
+
2.1°
0.32
0.4227
0.0423
0.0703
7.658
3.899
0.0566
6.321
1.633
4.000
5.889
0.0028
--
->
0.1170
2.161
0.7778
0.3229
SE
4
0.3°
0.04
0.0860
0.0084
0.0195
2.309
0.8129
0.0400
1.318
0.6666
1.788
2.944
»«
0.0020
0.0225
0.6833
0.5500
0.1076
Maximum
26. 39° -4
8.8 -2
3.25 -1
0.189 -1
0.248 -1
44.4 -1
21.3 -1
7.95 -
66.0 -1
14.0 -1
60.0 -1
104.0 -1
<0.1 -
<0.03 -
0.014 -1
0.008 -1
0.237 -1
0.59 -1
12.5 -1
23.0 -1
3.. 6 -1
10' 21"
Minimum
15.00° -4
6,5 -1
1.13 -1
0.046 -1
0.020 -2
18.5 -1
7.8 -1
7.87 -
44.0 -2
10.0 -2
50.0 -1
90.0 -1
<0.1 -
<0.03 -
0.01 -1
0.008 -1
0.025 -2
0.06 -1
5.4 -1
21.9 -1
2.7 -2
9 « 23"
N
38
38
24
25
13
11
23
2
23
6
5
4
32
31
2
2
32
27
10
2
9
220
-------
Table 137. SUMMARY CHART
Test 7
NICKEL 2-1-72/3-11-72
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N ng/1
P04-P "g/1
NH -K mg/1
3
S04 mg/1
SiO, mg/1
»
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, rag/1
V mg/1
Ni mg/1
2l> mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
3C
18.66°
7.505
3.33
0.100
0.062
18.5
12.6
46.5
11.2
48.4
147.5
/O.IO
1.07
0.013
£ 0.005
0.166
0.16
5.7
2.8
10' 55"
SD
+
0.266
0.5501
0.0318
0.0572
1.658
2.952
~
4.752
1.687
2.157
90.77
0.1306
0.0035
0.0691
0.0731
0.3891
0.8794
SE
£
0.042
0.1100
0.0058
0.0153
0.5861
0.5483
0.9319
0.533
0.6505
32.09
0.0195
0.0010
0.0110
0.0127
0.1079
0.2018
Maximum
23.89°
9.0 -2
4.12 -1
0.165 -1
0.183 -1
20.9 -1
15.9 -2
54.0 -1
14.0 -2
50.0 -6
332.0 -1
-------
Table 138. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 2-1-72/3-11*72
2 .47 mg/i Ni
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °c
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
3
S04 mg/1
SiO_ mg/1
Alk-P rag/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Ni mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe ng/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
"x
18.66°
7.795
2.87
0.077
0.049
18.7
12.2
~
46.6
10.4
49.3
13.3
£0.10
0.47
0.011
£ 0.005
0.155
0.15
5.6
3.1
10'55»
SD
0.0184
0.6972
0.0294
0.0470
1.309
3.498
4.262
2.459
3.495
41.47
0.0858
0.0055
0.0948
0.1086
0.3282
1.195
SB
~
0.00
0.1394
0.0054
0.0126
0.4629
0.6495
0.8359
0.7774
1.054
14.66
0.0129
0.0020
~
0.0151
0.0189
0.0910
0. 2672
Maximum
22.78°
9.0 -5
3.75 -1
0.130 -1
0.180 -1
21.2 -1
16.0 -1
54.0 -1
14.0 -1
54.0 -2
212.0 -1
<£ 0.10 -
0.64 -2
0.017 -1
< 0.005 -
0.408 -1
0.67 -1
6.0 -2
5.2 -1
Ilt43"
Minimum
13.33°
6.4 -1
1.57 -1
0.033 -1
£ 0.02 -2
17.6 -1
4.9 -1
30.0 -1
6.0 -1
44.0 -1
82.0 -1
<£ 0. 10 -
0.21 -1
<0.005 -1
< 0.005 -
0.011 -1
0.03 -1
5.0 -1
1.85 -1
10«08"
N
41
40
25
29
14
8
29
26
10
11
8
13
44
7
4
39
33
13
20
41
222
-------
Table 139. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL
Test 3 Control
2-1-72/3-11-72
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
NOj-N mg/l
P04-P mg/l
JJH -N mg/l
3
SO* "g/1
4
SiO, mg/l
ft
Alk-P mg/l
Alk-MO mg/l
Cl mg/l
Ca Hard. mg/l
Tot. Hard, mg/l
V mg/l
Ni mg/l
2n mg/l
Cu mg/l
Mn mg/l 1
Fe mg/l
Na mg/l
K mg/l
Daylength
X
18.66°
7.838
2.52
0.096
0.043
20.0
10.3
00.0
47.3
10.8
48.9
86.3
<0.03
7.011
£0.005
0.126
0.14
5.8
3.5
J.0'55"
SD
0.311
0.4479
0.0617
0.0533
2.625
3.018
4.746
1.932
3.506
8.031
_~
0.0057
0.1145
0.1076
0.3550
0.9915
SE
4
0.044
0.0896
0.0114
0.0142
0.9282
0.5604
0.9308
0.6110
1.057
2.839
__
0.0020
0.0179
0.0190
0.0935
0. 2275
Maximum
23.89°
9.1 -1
3.46 -1
0.235 -1
0.162 -1
24.7 -1
16.1 -1
00.0
58.0 -1
14.0 -1
56.0 -1
98.0 -1
<0.03 -
.£0.017 -1
<£ 0.005 -
0.461 -1
0.68 -1
6.2 -2
4.8 -1
Ilt43»
Minimum
13.33°
6.5 -3
1.95 -1
0.016 -1
<^0.02 -6
17.1 -1
5.4 -1
00.0
38.0 -2
8.0 -2
44.0 -2
78.0 -2
<0.03 -
<£ 0.005 -1
«£ 0.005 -
0.016 -1
0.05 -1
5.0 -1
1.85 -1
10 '08"
N
41
40
25
29
14
8
29
26
10
11
8
15
18
7
4
41
32
13
19
41
223
-------
Table 140. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 2-1-72/3-1-1-72
Test 5 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °c
PH
NO--N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -M mg/1
SO4 mg/1
SiO2 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
AlkrMO mg/1
Cl mg/l
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
V mg/1
Ni mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1 1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Djiy length
X'
18.66°
7.700
2.58
0.093
0.049
19.9
10.5
00.0
47.1
11.2
48.2
84.0
<0.10
<0.03
0.010
<0.005
0.135
0.15
5.7
3.62
10 '55" |
SD
0.353
0.4502
0.0566
0.0486
2.651
2.646
4.907
1.687
2.442
5.952
0.0057
0.1366
0.0944
0.3662
1.136
SB
0.056
0.0900
0.0105
0.0129
0.9373
0.4914
0.9622
0.5333
0.7363
2.104
0.0020
--'
0.0213
0.0167
0.1016
0.2605
Maximum
24.44°
9.0 -8
3.44 -I
0.241 -1
0.159 -1
23.6 -1
16.0 -1
00.0 -
62.0 -1
14.0 -1
50.0 -6
96.0 -1
<0.10 -
<0.03 -
0.015 -2
<0.005 -
0.501 -1
0.60 -1
6.2 -1
5.3 -1
11 '43"
Minimum
10.56°
7.0 -2
1.94 -1'
0.033 -2
<0.02 -4
16.7 -1
6.4 -1
00.0 -
34.0 -1
10.0 -6
44.0 -2
78.0 -2
<0.10 -
<0.03 -
<0.005 -2
<0.005 -
0.029 -1
0.05 -1
4.9 -1
1.9 -1
10'08"
N
41
40
25
29
14
8
29
26
26
10
11
8
14
17
7
4
41
32
13
19
41
224
-------
Table 141. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 7-20-73/8-20-73
Test? 43.3.HE/1 Ni
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
pH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N »g/l
SQ. mg/1
4
Si02 «gA
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Ni jig/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na Mg/1
jj mg/1
Daylerjgth
"x
19.28°
1.94
0.078
0.118
19.8
8.8
56.2
11.3
51.5
85.0
43.3
0.226
0.16
6.6
2.9
J.4'06"
SD
3.76°
0.6924
0.0509
0.0583
1.427
3.722
3.722
1.829
1.000
4.761
18.66
~
0. 2078
0.0800
1.786
0.9005
SE
4
0.1389°
0.1587
0.0100
0.0141
0.7135
0.8322
~
0.8322
0.9146
0.5000
2.380
3.979
0.0447
0.0173
0.7292
0.3675
Maximum
24.44° -1
2.94 -1
0.170 -1
0.188 -1
21.7 -1
17.1 -1
62.0 -2
13.2 -1.
52.0 -3
90.0 -1
82.0 -1
~
0.88 -1
0.31 -1
9.7 -1
4.0 -1
14'35»
Minimum
13.33° -1
__
1.10 -1
0.010 -2
0.028 -1
18.5 -1
3.2 -2
~
50.0 -3
9.2 -1
50.0 -1
80.0 -1
9.6 -1
<'0.005 -1
<0.04 -1
5.3 -1
1.8 -1
13'33»
N
730
19
21
12
4
20
~
20
'4
4
4
22
~
21
20
6
6
32
225
-------
Table 142. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 7-20-73/8-20-73
Test 6 36.5 Hg/1 Ni
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °c
PH
N03-N mg/1
PCyP tag A
NH -N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
SiO ""g/1
2
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
fcl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, rag/1
. *
Hg/J_
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
19.28°
1.75
0.075
0.128
L9.6
7*
58.2
10.5
52.5
)1.5
6.5
0.115
0.10
6.2
2.7
14«06»
SD
3.76°
0. 7961
0.1153
0.0984
2.326
3.538
3.183
0.8246
6.403
9.849
14.60
0.0761
0.0469
1.134
0.8885
SE
0.1389^
0.1777
0.0244
0.0282
1.163
0.7912
0.7118
0.4123
3.202
4.924
3.113
0.0141
0.0100
0.4630
0.3627
Maximum
24.44° -1
3.52 -1
0.548 -1
0.388 -1
22. 4 -1
14.6 -1
64.0 -2
11.2 -2
62.0 -1
06.0 -1
72.0 -1
0.269 -1
0.20 -1
7.7 -1
3.8 -1
14»35»
Minimum
13.33° -1
0.97 -1
0.006 -1
<0.020 -1
17.0 -1
0.6 -1
52.0 -1
9.6 -1
48.0 -1
84.0 -1
9.0 -1
<0.005 -1
<0.04 -1
5.1 -1
1.8 -1
13«33»
N
730
20
21
12
4
20
20
4
4
4
22
-_
21
20
6
6
32
226
-------
Table 143. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 7-20-73/8-20-73
Test3 6.4 Mg/1 Ni
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
prt
NOj-N mg/1
PO -p mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SO^ mg/1
Si02 "g/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
10. MA
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
19. 28°
1.70
0.057
0.116
20.3
8.5
~
55.7
9.5
53.5
84.5
6.4
-0.087
0.09
6.1
2.7
14 '06'
SO
3.76°
0.6003
0.0331
0.0591
2.351
2.553
3.130
0.3828
5.774
1.915
1.726
0.0692
0.0282
0.6473
0.6794
SE
0.1389°
0.1341
0.0000
0.0141
1.176
0.5708
0.7000
0.1913
2.872
0.9573
0.3598
0.0141
0.000
0. 2641
0.2773
Maximum
24.44° -1
2.69 -1
0.119 -1
0.204 -1
23.4 -1
13.5 -1
62.0 -2
10.0 -1
62.0 -1
86.0 -2
9.6 -1
0.251 -1
0.16 -1
7.3 -1
3.3 -1
14t35»
Minimum
13.33° -1
1.02 -1
0.008 -1
<0.020 -1
18.01
3.8 -1
50.0 -1
9.2 -2
50.0 -2
82.0 -1
2.1 -1
0.016 -1
0.04 -1
5.6 -1
1.8 -1
13»33»
N
730
20
21
12
4
20
*-
20
4
4
4
23
20
19
6
6
32
227
-------
Table 144. SUMMARY CHART -NICKEL 7-20-73/8-20-73
Test 7 5.9 Mg/1 Ni
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
NO3-N mg/1
PO.-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SO. mg/1
SiO mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Ni Jig/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn ""S/1
Fe mg/1
Ha mg/1
K mg/1
aylertgth
x
19.28C
1.59
0.073
0.119
20.3
6.7
57.3
10.1
52.5
81.5
5.9
0.07?
0.07
6.9
3.1
14«06»'
SO
3.76°
~
0.695
0.1178
0.0538
2.421
3.196
4.644
0.200
3.000
1.915
2.033
0.0830
0.0387
1.630
1.084
S£
0.138
~
0.1552
0.0244
0.0141
1.210
0.7147
1.038
0.100
1.500
0.9573
0.4546
~
0.0173
0.000
0.6655
0.4423
Maximum
24.44° -1
2.93 -1
0.564 -1
0.208 -1
23.3 -1
12.7 -1
64.0 -2
10.4 -1
56.0 -1
84.0 -1
10.0 -1
0.276 -1
0.16 -1
9.7 -1
4.3 -1
14'35»
Minimum
13.33° -1
0.79 -1
<0.003 -1
0.028 -1
17.5 -1
1.4 -1
44.0 -1
10.0 -3
50.0 -2
80.0 -2
2.7 -1
~
__
0.005 -1
0.04 -1
5.7 -1
1.8 -1
13»33»
N
730
20
21
12
4
20
_..
20
4
4
4
20
__
19
18
6
6
32
228
-------
Table 145. SUMMARY CHART - NICKEL 7-20-73/8-20-73
IVst 8 Control
Cluimic.il or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N "g/1
POX-P mg/1
4
3*"
so4 mg/i
sio2 mg/i
AHc-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl og/1
Ca Hard. mg/l
Tot. Hard, mg/1 ,
B mg/1
Ni pg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
>
19.28°
1.53
0.082
0.132
20.1
7.2
56.7
9.7
55.0
83.0
0.05
0.8
0.091
0.07
6.2
2.9
14»06»
SD
3.76°
0.6443
0.1392
0.0632
2.883
2.671
4.966
0.3828
4.761
2.582
0.0264
0.5099
0.0741
0.0346
0.7984
0.9352
SI-
5.1389°
).1438
).0300
0.0173
1.441
0.5972
1.110
0.1913
2.380
1.291
0.1109
0.0141
0.000
0.3258
0.3817
Maximum
24.440 _i
~
2.78 -1
0.665 -1
0.244 -1
24.2 -1
12.8 -1
72.0 -1
10.0 -2
62.0 -1
86.0 -1
0.07 -3
1.7 -1
0.260 -1
0.14 -1
7.8 -1
4.0 -1
14»35»
Minimum
3.33° -2
0.59 -1
0.005 -2
0.028 -1
17.5 -1
2.2 -1
50.0 -1
9.2 -1
2.0 -2
0.0 -1
0.05 -2
0.5 -4
<0.005 -1
0.04 -2
5.7 -2
1.8 -1
13»33"
N
730
20
21
12
4
20
20
4
4
4
10
21
21
20
6
6
32
229
-------
Table 146. SUMMARY CHART - RUBIDIUM 6-30-72/7-18-72
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO2 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Rb mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
3c
17.67°
7.518
2.17
0.062
0.134
20.8
10.8
2.0
51.0
9.9
57.5
82.1
1.03
~
0.070
0.13
5.7
2.5
14«50"
SD
+
0.385
0.2742
0.0297
0.0817
--
2.297
«
3.460
--
--
0.0330
0.0594
0.0504
0.4615
0.4159
SB
+
0.017
0.0867
0.0089
0.0333
~
0.7265
1.094
0.0077
0.0148
0.0138
0.2064
0.1860
Maximum
26.67° -1
8.7 -3
2.55 -1
0.122 -1
0.210 -1
22.6 -1
15.0 -1
2.0 -
56.0 -1
9.9 -
59.0 -1
82.2 -1
1.08 -1
0.196 -1
0.27 -1
6.3 -1
3.1 -1
14' 58"
Minimum
10.56° -1
7.0 -26
1.68 -1
0.023 -2
^0.02 -1
18,9 -1
7.9 -1
2.0 -
45.6 -2
9.9 -
56.0 -1
82.0 -1
0.97 -1
0.019 -1
0.07 -1
5.2 -1
2.1 -1
14«40"
N
19
1.9
10
11
6
2
10
10
10
1
2
2
16
16
13
5
5
230
-------
Table 147. SUMMARY CHART - RUBIDIUM 6-30-72/7-18-72
Test I 0.10 mg/1 Rb
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO, mg/1
«
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Rb mg/1
Zn mg/i
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
18.55°
7.843
2.12
0.059
0.119
20.2
9.8
3.0
50.9
9.7
45.0
82.0
0.104
0.089
0.13
5.7
2.4
14»50"
SD
+
__
0.440
0.3462
0.0207
0.0979
--
2.834
3.811
~
0.0077
0.0639
0.0500
0.7120
0.4207
SB
+
0.020
0.1095
0.0062
0.0339
~
0.8960
1.205
0.0000
0.0158
0.0141
0.3184
0.1881
Maximum
25.56° -1
8.8 -6
2.81 -1
0.104 -1
0.288 -1
21.5 -1
15.6 -1
3.0 -
57.8 -1
9.7 -
48.0 -1
82.0 -
0.120 -1
0.146 -2
0.24 -1
6.6 -1
3.0 -1
14158"
Minimum
13.89° -2
7.0 -1
1.63 -1
0.029 -1
^0.02 -1
18.9 -1
6.4 -1
3.0 -
45.8 -1
9.7 -
43.6 -1
82.0
0.090 -1
0.022 -1
0.07 -1
5.1 -1
2.0 -1
14' 40"
N
19
19
10
11
6
2
10
10
10
1
2
2
16
16
12
5
5
231
-------
Table 148. SUMMARY CHART - RUBIDIUM 6-30-72/7-18-72
Test 2 0.05 me/I Rb
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °c
PH
N03-M mg/1
PO4-P mg/1
NH_-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO. mg/1
ft
Alk-P Mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl "g/l
X
18.55°
8.104
2.12
0.069
0.112
20.5
10.8
50.9
9.6
Ca Hard. mg/1 JA8.9
Tot. Hard, mg/1 J88.1
Rb mg/l
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
0.055
0.075
0.14
5.6
2.5
14»50"|
SD
.1
0.388
0.3266
0.0411
0.0766
~
2.383
4.392
0.0055
0.0646
0.0750
0.6760
0.4506
SE
0.017
0.1033
0.0124
0.0313
..
0.7538
1.389
0.0000
0.0161
0.0214
0.3023
0.2015
Maximum
24.44° -I
9.0 -3
2.82 -1
0.163 -1
0.216 -1
21.6 -1
15.2 -1
59.6 -1
9.6 -
51.8 -1
96.2 -1
0.067 -1
0.256 -1
0.35 -1
6.4 -1
3.1 -1
14«58"
Minimum
13.33° -1
7.2 -2
1.72 -1
0.023 -1
<0.02 -1
19.3 -1
6.9 -1
44.4 -1
9.6 -
46.0 -1
80.1 -1
0.045 -1
0.022 -1
0.08 -1
4.9 -1
2.0 -1
14140"
N
19
19
10
11
6
2
10
10
1
2
2
16
16
12
5
5
232
-------
Table 149. SUMMARY CHART - RUBIDIUM 6-30-72/7-18-72
Test 3 0.05 mg/1 Rb
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
Nt>3-N mg/1
P04-P ngA
NH -N mg/1
3
S04 mg/1
SiO- mg/1
f
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO »gA
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, rag/1
Rb mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
1C mg/1
Daylength
3c
18.55°
7.994
2.16
0.055
0.118
20.5
9.6
52.1
10.0
50.0
81.1
0.054
~
0.061
0.12
5.6
2.4
14150"
SD
+
0.369
0.3515
0.0318
0.0625
2.759
4.943
--
_.
0.0063
0.0465
0.0501
0.7602
0.4438
SB
+
~
0.017
0.1112
0.0096
0.0255
0.8724
1.563
_-
0.0000
0.0114
0.0141
0.3400
0.1985
Maximum
25.56° -1
8.9 -4
2.96 -1
0.135 -1
0.210 -1
22.1 *l
15.6 -1
59.4 -1
10.0 -
51.8 -1
84.0 -1
0.073 -1
0.156 -I
0.24 -1
6.6 -1
3.1 -1
14«58"
Minimum
13.89° -1
7.2 "2
1.79 -1
0.023 -1.
0.050 -1
18.8 -1
5.8 -1
44.4 -1
10.0 -
48.2 -1
78.2 -1
0.045 -I
0.013 -1
0.06 -1
4.9 -1
2.0 -1
14' 40"
N
19
19
10
11
6
2
10
«»»
10
1
2
2
16
~
16
12
5
5
233
-------
Table 150. SUMMARY CHART -RUBIDIUM 6-30-72/7-18-72
Test 4 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO4-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alfc-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl «ngA
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Rb mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
18.66°
7.553
2.05
0.057
0.157
20.9
9.4
1.6
50.5
8.8
45.9
78.7
0.0
0.084
0.11
5.8
2.4
14«50"
SD
0.424
0.3936
0.0316
0.1406
--
2.965
..
3.763
--
.
0.0746
0.0606
0.6768
0.4147
SE
0.020
0.1245
0.0000
0.0574
0.9375
--
1.190
--
0.0184
Maximum
24.440 -3
8.8 -2
2.89 -1
0.117 -2
0.400 -1
21,9 -1
15.2 -1
1.6 -
58.0 -1
8.8 -
46.0 -1
81.8 -1
0.0 -
--
__
0.311 -1
0.0173 0.26 -1
1
0.3027
0.1854
6.5 -1
2.9 -1
14»58"
Minimum
13.890 -2
6.9 -4
1.66 -1
0.019 -1
<0.02 -1
19.9 -1
5.5 -1
1.6 -
45.8 -1
8.8 -
45.8 -1
75.6 -1
0.0 -
__
__
0.017 -1
0.06 -1
4.9 -1
1.95 -1
14140"
N
19
19
10
11
6
2
10
10
10
1
2
2
16
__
__
16
12
5
5
234
-------
Table 1SU. SUMMARY CHART -RUBIDIUM 7-28-72/8-17-72
Test 1 2.0 mg/1 Rb
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
NO--N mg/1
PO.-P «g/l
4
NH -H mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl n»g/l
Ca Hard. mgA
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Rb mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
18.38°
7.523
2.30
0.060
0.075
21.4
12.0
~
53.0
9.1
50.3
81.9
2.00
0.011
<0.01
0.117
0.14
6.0
2.2
14 '03"
SO
3.253°
0.276
12.659
0.0243
0.0507
1.694
5.428
0.0616
--
0.1125
0.0763
0.7559
0.1727
SE
0.147°
0.010
0.0738
0.0063
0.0179
0.4526
1.451
--
0.0149
--
0.0228
0.0195
0.2672
0.0609
Maximum
22.22° -2
8.3 -2
2.76 -1
0.092 -1
0.178 -1
24.8 -1
14.6 -1
65.8 -1
10.0 -1
51.0 -1
84.0 -I
2.11 -1
0.011 -
<0.01 -
0.300 -1
0.32 -1
7.5 -1
2.5 -1
14 1 23"
Minimum
13.33° -1
6.5 -1
2.04 -1
0.015 -1
<0.02 -1
16.5 -1
9.96 -1
__
48.0 -I
8.2 -I
49.2 -1
80.0 -1
1.87 -1
0.011 -
<0.01 -
0.010 -1
0.03 -1
5.3 -1
2.0 -1
13'4l»
N
491
21
13
14
8
3
14
<__
14
3
3
3
17
1
1
24
15
8
8
21
235
-------
Table 152. SUMMARY CHART - RUBIDIUM 7-28-72/8-17-72
Test 5 1.99 roe/1 Rb
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
P04-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO_ mg/1
2
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Rb mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
"x
17.11
7.590
2.45
0.052
0.116
21.6
12.3
52.7
9.5
51.9
81.0
1.99
0.013
ft. 01
0.121
0.13
5.8
2.2
.4'03»
ISO
±
3.117°
0.290
0.2705
0.0232
0.0762
-
1.853
4.111
0.0726
0.1197
0.0374
0.4406
0.1885
ISE
±
0.1708C
0.010
0.0749
0.0055
0.0268
««
0.4951
1.179
0.0176
0.0249
0.0095
0.1558
0.0666
Maximum
20.56 -6
8.5 -1
2.90 -1
0.100 -I
0.248 -1
25.7 -1
14.7 -1
61.8 -1
10.0 -1
56.0 -1
81.4 -1
2.09 -1
0.013 -
<0.01 -
0.49 -1
0.21 -1
6.3 -1
2.5 -1
14«23»
Minimum
13.33 -1
6.7 -1
2.19 -1
0.010 -1
*0.02 -1
16.9 -1
7.2 -1
_
45.0 -1
9.0 -I
49.0 -1
80.8 -1
1.85 -1
0.013 -1
-------
Table 153. SUMMARY CHART - RUBIDIUM 7-28-72/8-17-72
Test 6 1.0 mg/1 Rb
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
NO-j-N rag/1
PO.-P mg/1
NH3-N mg/1
S04 mg/1
SiO9 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl me/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Rb mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
N
-------
Table 154. SUMMARY CHART - RUBIDIUM 7-28-72/8-17-72
Test 2 1.0 rog/1 Rb
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °c
PH
NO--N mg/1
PO.-P mg/1
NH -N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Rb mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
18.38°
7.646
2.33
0.059
0.079
22.0
11.8
53.1
9.6
50.1
80.1
1.00
0.012
<0.01
0.101
0.12
6.3
2.1
4«03"
SO
3.440°
0.409
0.3817
0.0148
0.0430
..
1.972
4.836
--
0.046
0.0846
0.0445
1.267
1.768
S£
0.155°
0.017
0.1058
0.0032
0.0152
0.5270
1.293
--
0.0109
--
0.0170
0.0114
0.4479
0.0624
Maximum
22.78° -2
8.9 -1
2.90 -1
0.088 -1
0.154 -1
25.4 -1
14.6 -.1
65.2 -1
10.0 -1
51.0 -1
81.0 -1
1.11 -1
0.012 -
-------
Table 155. SUMMARY CHART - RUBIDIUM 7*28-72/8-17-72
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO.-P mg/1
HH -N mg/1
S04 mg/1
Si02 mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Rb mg/1
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe ng/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
16.67°
7.688
2.24
0.045
0.083
21.6
10.0
~
54.3
9.1
54.4
80.4
0.48
0.010
<0.01
0.087
0.12
6.9
2.1
14»03"
SD
3.199°
0.348
0.4267
0.0179
0.0530
~
3.693
3.031
0.1127
--
>_
0.0836
0.0507
1.914
0.1642
SE
0.1757°
0.014
0.1183
0.0045
0.0187
0.9869
0.8099
--
0.0272
0.0173
0.0130
0.6768
0.0581
Maximum
20.56° -1
9.0 -2
2.94 -1
0.080 -1
0.168 -1
24.4 -1
14.9 -1
61.6 -1
10.0 -1
63.0 -1
81.0 -1
0.60 -1
0.010 -
<0.01 -
0.32 -1
0.25 -1
10.1 -1
2.3 -2
14 1 23*'
Minimum
11.67° -1
6.7 -1
1.78 -1
0.012 -1
40.02 -1
16.6 -1
4.8 -1
50.0 -2
8.4 -1
50.0 -1
80.0 -1
0.05 -1
0.010 -
<0.01 -
0.014 -1
0.04 -I
5,2 -1
1.9 -2
N
331
21
13
14
8
3
14
14
3
3
3
17
1
1
23
15
8
8
21
239
-------
Table 156. SUMMARY CHART - RUBIDIUM 7-28-72/8-17-72
Test 3 0.48 me/I Rb
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
PH
N03-N mg/1
PO4-P mg/1
KH -N mg/1
SO4 mg/1
X
18.27°
7.610
2.39
0.061
0.081
Z1.5
Alk-P mg/1 J __
Alk-MO mg/1 153.8
Cl mg/1
Ca Hard. mg/1
9.6
51.1
Tot. Hard, mg/1 80.8
Rb mg/1 0.48
Zn mg/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
0.006
<0.01
0.136
0.14
5.9
2.1
SD
3.413°
0.271
0.2532
0.0266
0.0342
2.415
~
3.634
SE
0.151°
0.010
0.0702
0.0071
0.0118
0.6455
0.9711
J
0.1141
0.1392
0.0439
0.8844
0.2031
14*03" j
0.0276
--
--
0.0283
0.0114
0.3127
0.0718
Maximum
22.78° -1
8.4 -1
2.79 -1
0.111 -1
0.132 -1
25.6 -1
14.7 -2
__
64.4 -I
10.4 -1
52.0 -1
81.6 -1
0.60 -1
0.006 -
<0.01 -
0.580 -1
0.24 -1
7.9 -1
2.4 -2
Minimum
13.33° -1
6.6 -1
2.15 -2
0.026 -1
0.020 -1
16.7 -1
7.8 -1
«._
50.2 -1
8.4 -1
50.0 -1
79.8 -1
0.05 -1
0.006 -
<0.01 -
0.009 -1
0.09 -2
5.3 -2
1.9 -2
14«23» J 13 «41»
N
488
21
13
14
8
3
14
M
14
3
3
3
17
1
1
24
14
8
8
21
240
-------
Table 157. SUMMARY CHART - RUBIDIUM 7-28-72/8-17^75
Test 4 Control
Chemical or physi-
cal analysis
Temp. °C
pH
NO3-N mg/1
PO.-P mg/1
NH3-N »g/l
S04 mg/1
SiO, mg/1
Alk-P mg/1
Alk-MO mg/1
Cl ng/1
Ca Hard. "g/1
Tot. Hard, mg/1
Rb mg/1
Zn rag/1
Cu mg/1
Mn mg/1
Fe mg/1
Na mg/1
K mg/1
Daylength
X
L8.33 °
7.691
2.34
0.063
0.078
21.8
LI. 3
53.2
9.2
52.2
50.7
0.00
0.010
CO. 01
0.146
0.14
5.9
2.1
14 '03"
SD
3.314°
0.341
0.2977
0.0257
0.0416
2.252
2.141
-_
--
«
--
0.1507
0.0538
0.6610
0.1807
SE
0.150°
0.014
0.0825
0.0063
0.0145
0.6019
0.5723
~
0.0307
0.0138
0.2337
0.0639
Maximum
22.78P -1
8.9 -1
2.85 -1
0.110 -I
0.160 -1
25.6 -1
14.7 -1
57.6 -1
9.8 -1
54.0 -1
81.0 -1
0.00 -
0.010 -
<0.01 -
0.640 -1
0.25 -1
7.2 -1
2.4 -1
14' 23"
Minimum
13.33° -1
6.8 -1
2.07 -2
0.026 -1
0.020 -1
16.9 -1
6.7 -1
50.0 -2
8.8 -1
51.0 -1
80.2 -1
0.00 -
0.010 -
<0.01 -
0.012 -1
0.07 -1
5.1 -1
1.9 -2
13«41"
N
489
21
13
14
8
3
14
14
3
3
3
17
1
1
24
15
8
8
21
241
-------
APPENDIX C
DETERMINATION OF SELENIUM COMPOUND IN ALGAL BIOMASS
METHODS
General
The procedure for fractionation of the algal community from the slide
is summarized in Figure 1 . A total of one full side of one slide was
used, with a 1/2-side area each for "portion 1" and "portion 2."
Additional portions of the slides were used for pigment analyses accord-
ing to the standard procedures.
AIJ extractions with organic solvents were carried out by sonication
(10 minutes) under ice cooling followed by centrifugation. Eight-mi.
amounts of ether, acetone, and 70% methanol were used.
For the sodium hydroxide extraction, 1.2 mg 0.1 t\ NaOH was added to each
residue in a small test tube and the mixtures were shaken at 40° in a
water bath overnight. After centrifugation, 2.0 ml of 10% trichloro-
acetic acid solution was added. The tubes were refrigerated overnight
and centrifuged. The pellets were hydrolyzed in 3 ^ HC1 in teflon-
lined screw cap test tubes under nitrogen at 110° overnight. The
hydrolyzates were evaporated, redissolved in 0.1 ft HC1 and passed over
5-ml columns of Dowex-50 (H+ form). After the column had been washed
with 10 ml of 0.1 ^ HC1 and 30 ml of triple distilled water, the amino
acids were eluted with 20 ml of 3 M NH^OH.
2k2
-------
Algal community from slide
freeze dry, divide into
two portions
portion 1 porfion 2
extract successively I extract with benzene
i th ei ther, acetone
test for elemental Se
act
. fraction)
(extract with
|70% methanol
residue
extract wi th
0.1 M NaOH
extract
(amino acids, other
small organic molecules)
AA, GC, TLC
residue extract
freeze dry
Iadd 10% TCA
:s I
1
precipi tate
(proteins)
1) hydrolyze
2) cation
exchange
V
protein ami no acids
AA,^GC, TLC
supernatant
(non-protein solubles)
AA
FIGURE 1. Chemical Fractionation of Algal Material from Slides
Abbreviations: AA=atomic absorption, GC=gas chroma tog rapliy,
TLC=thin-layer chromatography
-------
Total Selenium
The selenium content of each fraction was determined by atomic absorption,
using standard methodology.
Elemental Selenium
A modification of a spot test based on the selenium catalyzed bleaching
of methylene blue by sulfide was used (Feigl1). To 1.0 ml of a benzene
extract of an algal community (or to 1.0 ml of a standard benzene solu-
tion of selenium) was added 1.0 ml of a solution of methylene blue
chloride (10-3%)in 90% methanol, followed by 1.0 ml of 0.2 M sodium
sulfide in absolute methanol. The optical density of this mixture was
read at zero time and at nine minutes, and the loss of absorbance at
559 nm (in percent) related to selenium concentration by means of a
standard curve.
Selem'te and Selenate
Selenite was detected using a minor modification of a standard colori-
metric procedure (Snell and Snell2). It was established that sulfite,
sulfate, selenate, and silicate did not interfere with the test.
Selenite and selenate were separated on Dowex-1 anion exchange resin
columns (Schrift and Ulrich^).
Selenoamino Acids
Portions of fractions containing amino acids (the 70% methanol extract
or the protein hydrolyzate) were spotted on silica gel thin-layer
chromatography plates (20 x 20 cm) and developed in two directions,
-------
first with 2:2:1 chloroform: methanol: 17% ammonia, and second with
75:25 phenol:water (Randeratn*). The amino acids were detected with
ninhydrin. Spots occurring at the known positions for selenomethionine
(partial overlap with methionine) or selenocystine (partial overlap with
leucine and isoleucine) were scraped from the layer and analyzed for
selenium by atomic absorption.
Another portion of each amino acid-containing fraction was derivatized
(conversion of amino acids to n-butyl-N-trifluoroacetyl esters) and
analyzed by gas chromatography using the method and conditions of Roach
and Gehrke'. Using these conditions, selenomethionine emerges at 18.5
min relative to the standard (n-butyl stearate, 22.8 min) and is partly
resolved from methionine (retention time 18.9 min). Selenocystine,
however, appears to be destroyed and does not give a recognizable peak;
the sulfur analog, cystine, behaves similarly.
RESULTS
Table 1 shows the distribution of selenium within each community.
Columns 5-10 are in micrograms of selenium per half of one side of a
slide; columns 2 and 11 show total selenium per slide as computed by
direct digestion (column 2) and by summation of the extracts (column 11).
Table 2 shows the percent of the total selenium (determined by digestion)
in each of the major fractions.
About a third of the total selenium is soluble in 70% methanol. This
solvent would be expected to extract most small polar organic molecules,
-------
such as amino acids, and also some inorganic salts. Two dimensional
thin-layer chromatographic studies on the extract from the *fO ppm com-
munity showed a spot at the expected position of selenomethiom'ne, but
when this spot was scraped off and analyzed by atomic absorption, no
selenium could be detected. It should be noted that methionine over-
laps with the selenomethionine spot and may have been the amino acid
detected. Five other spots were observed in the extract from this box;
none could be seen at lower concentrations. Likewise, gas chromatog-
raphy did not show free amino acid peaks.
The bulk (62-85%) of the selenium in the 70% methanol extracts was
shown to be in an inorganic form (selenite) by a-colorimetric method
specific for selenite. Selenite also appeared to be present in the
fraction soluble in sodium hydroxide and trichloroacetic acid, but be-
cause of apparent interference by trichloroacetic acid, no quantitative
data could be obtainede
No tests were made to show whether inorganic selenium or selenate or
selenium-containing organic compounds other than amino acids were
present in either extract.
In almost all communities, the bulk of the selenium was associated
with residual sodium hydroxide-insoluble material after all extractions
had been carried out. Although the chemical form of this material could
not be determined, it is possible that it may consist of finely divided
selenium, generated during the alkaline extraction procedure through
-------
decomposition of selenotrisulfides, which are known (Ganther°) to be
unstable to base.
Elemental selenium appears to be initially absent from most of the
communities; it may possibly be present in those exposed to the higher
concentrations, but the data are incomplete. No red granules could be
observed microscopically.
Lipid-soluble selenium (that extractable by ether or acetone) appears
to constitute less than 1% of the total selenium taken up, at least in
the high-concentration communities.
Little or no ami no acid-associated selenium was present in any of the
protein hydrolyzates from the communities.
Some of the selenium taken up by the communities may have been converted
to volatile compounds as indicated by column 6, Table 2. In one case,
33% of the total selenium found by digestion was not accounted for by
s
soluble and residual forms, and in several other cases about 10% seems
to be missing.
LITERATURE CITED
1. Fiegl, F. Spot Tests. 4th edition. Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1964. p.
317.
2. Snell, F. D. and C. T. Snel1. Colorimetric Methods of Analysis, Vol. II.
3rd edition. New York, D. van Nostrand and Co., 1949. p. 779.
3. Shrift, A. and J. M. Ulrich. Transport of Selenate and Selenite into
Astragalus roots. Plant Physiology. 44:893-896, June 1969.
247
-------
ff. Randerath, K. Thin-Layer Chromatography. 2nd Edition. New York,
Academic Press, 1968. p. 112.
5* Roach, 0. and C. W. Gehrke. The Gas-Liquid Chromatography of Ami no
Acids. J. Chromat. (Amsterdam). 4^(3):303-310, September 1969.
6. Ganther, H. E. Selenotrisulfides. Formation by the Reaction of Thiols
with Selenious Acid. Biochemistry. 2'2898-2905, August 1968.
-------
Table 1. DISTRIBUTION OF SELENIUM
0
g
u
0 0)
m to
40
20
10
5
ro
£ 3
1
0.1
0
2nd
40
10
0.1
TJ 4J
i- s
S -M
>>"0 C
TJ ~ g
OT E
25.5
36.9
27.5
18.2
14.3
15.6
15.5
10.5
19.4
24.2
16.7
>s
1. 4-> (0 -D
a) .p. 4-> -i-cy
D. C C 0-00
O en (D en o
<}£ o 3 ^>
-------
Table 2. PERCENT OF TOTAL SELENIUM IN EACH FRACTION
Box Lipid
Se cone. -sol .
40 <0.6%
20 <0.5
10
5
3
1
0.1
2nd experiment
40
10
0.1
70% MeOH
-sol.
34.3%
22.2
39.0
34.3
34.0
34.8
20.0
60.8
29.6
100.0
NaOH
TCA sol .
13.0%
8.9
10.1
12.2
18.9
20.9
24.0
12.9
15.9
43.3
NaOH
insol .
42.3%
35.1
42.9
57.1
37.7
34.8
40.0
26.8
51-3
41.6
4-column
total
90.2%
66.7
92.0
103.6
90.6
90.5
84.0
100.5
96.8
184.9
% unacc.
for (volatile?)
9.8%
33.3
8.0
9.4
9.5
16.0
3.2
__-
-------
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
lTO)°/2-75-008
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSIOI*NO.
TITLE AND SUBTITLE
THE ROLE OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MANAGEMENT OF NUISANCE
GROWTHS
5. REPORT DATE
April 1975
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
AUTHOR(S)
Ruth Patrick
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
. PERFORMING ORG '\NIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO. Task
1BB045 (ROAP 21-ASJ, 02 )
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
R-800731
(Formerly 16080 FQK)
2. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
Environmental Protection Agency, OR§D, NERC-Corvallis
Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory
P. 0. Box 1198
Ada, Oklahoma 74820
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Final (4/1/70 - 3/51/74)
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
5. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
16. ABSTRACT
The purpose of these studies was to examine the effects of various kinds and
amounts of trace metals on the structure of algal communities and their possible
subsequent effect upon the productivity of the aquatic ecosystem.
To carry out this program of study, the following trace metals were examined:
vanadium, chromium, selenium, boron, nickel, and rubidium.
The results of these experiments indicate the concentration and form of a trace
metal may have a definite effect upon which algal species can out-compete others.
These shifts may greatly reduce the productivity of the system as a whole. If
the shift is to species which has such lower predator pressure, large standing
crops which may be nuisances may develop.
17.
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
b.IDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
c. COSATl Field/Group
Trace elements
Algal control
Bioindicators
Nuisance algae
Diatoms
Cyanophyta
Chlorophyta
Species diversity
Aquatic ecosystem
06 19
18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
Release to public
19. SECURITY CLASS (ThisReport/
Unclassified
250
20. SECURITY CLASS (Thispage)
Unclassified
22. PRICE
SPA Form 22200 (9-73)
ft U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: I975-698-226/M7 REGION ID
------- |