United States
Environmental Protection
Industrial Environmental Research EPA-600/7-80-011
Igibcfaiory January 1980
Research Triangle Park NC 27711
Disposal of Flue Gas
Cleaning Wastes:
EPA Shawnee Field
Evaluation-
Third Annual Report
Interagency
Energy/Environment
R&D Program Report
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RESEARCH REPORTING SERIES
Research reports of the Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, have been grouped into nine series. These nine broad cate-
gories were established to facilitate furthe. development and application of en-
vironmental technology. Elimination of traditional grouping was consciously
planned to foster technology transfer and a maximum interface in related fields.
The nine series are:
1. Environmental Health Effects Research
2. Environmental Protection Technology
3. Ecological Research
4. Environmental Monitoring
5. Socioeconomic Environmental Studies
6. Scientific and Technical Assessment Reports (STAR)
7. Interagency Energy-Environment Research and Development
8. "Special" Reports
9. Miscellaneous Reports
This report has been assigned 'o the INTERAGENCY ENERGY-ENVIRONMENT
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT series. Reports in this series result from the
effort funded under the 17-agency Federal Energy/Environment Research and
Development Program. These studies relate to EPA's mission to protect the public
health and welfare from adverse effects of pollutants associated with energy sys-
tems. The goal of the Program is to assure the rapid development of domestic
energy supplies in an environmentally-compatible manner by providing the nec-
essary environmental data and control technology. Investigations include analy-
ses of the transport of energy-related pollutants and their health and ecological
effects; assessments of, and development of, control technologies for energy
systems; and integrated assessments of a wide range of energy-related environ-
mental issues.
EPA REVIEW NOTICE
This report has been reviewed by the participating Federal Agencies, and approved
for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect
the views and policies of the Government, nor does mention of trade names or
commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
This document is available to the public through the National Technical Informa-
tion Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161.
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EPA-600/7-80-011
January 1980
Disposal of Flue Gas Cleaning Wastes:
EPA Shawnee Field Evaluation-
Third Annual Report
by
R. B. Fling, P. R. Hurt, J. Rossoff, and J. R. Witz
The Aerospace Corporation
Energy and Resources Division
P. 0. Box 92957
Los Angeles, CA 90009
Contract No. 68-02-2633
Program Element No. EHE624A
EPA Project Officer: Julian W. Jones
Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory
Office of Environmental Engineering and Technology
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
Prepared for
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Research and Development
Washington, DC 20460
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ABSTRACT
This interim document is the third annual progress report made on a
field evaluation project being conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency to assess techniques for the disposal of power plant flue gas desul-
furization wastes. It discusses the results obtained from September 1974,
when the project was initiated, through June 1978. The evaluation site is at
the TVA Shawnee Steam Plant in Paducah, Kentucky. Two prototype scrubbers,
using lime and limestone absorbents and rated at 10-MWe each, produced the
sludges used in this project. By mid-1978, eight ponds were under evaluation.
Two are untreated, three are chemically treated, and three are untreated with
underdrainage. One of the underdrained ponds contains sludge which has been
oxidized to gypsum. Groundwater, supernate, leachate, underdrain, runoff, and
sludge and soil cores are being analyzed.
After three years, two of the chemically treated ponds and the un-
treated ponds with underdrainage exhibit the ability to shed water and to con-
trol seepage, respectively, and to support construction vehicles. The chemi-
cally treated pond under water reduces sludge permeability by about one order
of magnitude, as do the others, and provides strength but not traction for
vehicles. Gypsum dewaters and handles easily, but its runoff and leachate
must be controlled to prevent discharge to water supplies. It becomes struc-
turally unstable when rewet; however, the disposal site can be managed to pre-
vent these conditions.
ill
-------
CONTENTS
ABSTRACT ill
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS XV
CONVERSION TABLE xvii
I. INTRODUCTION 1
II. FINDINGS 3
III. RECOMMENDATIONS . 5
IV. SUMMARY 7
4.1 Untreated Sludge 7
4.1.1 Leachate and Underdrain........................ 7
4.1.2 Runoff 11
4.1.3 Supernate 11
4.1.4 Groundwater 11
4.1.5 Physical Characteristics 18
4.2 Chemically Treated Sludge 18
4.2.1 Leachate 18
4.2.2 Supernate..... 18
4.2.3 Groundwater 26
4.2.4 Physical Characteristics 26
-------
CONTENTS (Continued)
4.3 Soil 27
4.4 Costs 28
V. ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT 31
VI. SITE AND FACILITY DISCRIPTION 33
6.1 General 33
6.2 Test Facilities 33
6.3 Ponds 33
6.3.1 Leachate Well Construction 36
6.3.2 Underdrain Construction 36
6.3.3 Groundwater Well Construction 36
6.4 Weather Data Station 39
VII. OPERATIONS AND SCHEDULES 41
7.1 Pond Filling and Chemical Treatment 41
7.1.1 Pond F 43
7.1.2 Pond H 43
7.2 Schedules 46
7.3 Sampling and Analysis 46
7.4 Pond Closure 53
7.4.1 Considerations for Closure of Landfill......... 53
7.4.2 Procedures Used for Closure of Shawnee Ponds... 54
7.4.3 Monitoring, Sampling, and Analysis 59
vi
-------
CONTENTS (Continued)
VIII. RESULTS OF ANALYSES 61
8.1 Untreated Sludge 61
8.1.1 Pond A/A1 (Lime Absorbent) 61
8.1.2 Pond D (Limestone Absorbent) 63
8.1.3 Pond F (Untreated, Limestone Absorbent) 68
8.1.4 Pond G (Underdrained, Lime Absorbent) 74
8.1.5 Pond H (Underdrained, Ash-Free Gypsum) 74
8.1.6 Physical Characteristics 81
8.1.7 Underdrain Design 92
8.2 Treated Sludge 97
8.2.1 Pond B Water Analyses 97
8.2.2 Pond C Water Analyses 99
8.2.3 Pond E Water Analyses 106
8.3 Treated Sludge Core Analyses 106
8.4 Soil Analyses 113
8.5 Climatological and Hydrological Data 116
IX. DISPOSAL COST ESTIMATES 121
9.1 Base Conditions 121
9.2 Untreated Sludge, Indigenous Liner 121
9.3 Untreated Sludge, PVC Liner 128
9.4 Untreated Sludge, Underdrained 128
9.5 Gypsum, Indigenous Liner 128
9.6 Gypsum, Lined • 136
vii
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CONTENTS (Continued)
9.7 Chemical Treatment 136
9.8 Cost Comparisons 136
REFERENCES 143
APPENDICES
A. WATER ANALYSIS DATA 145
B. METHODS USED TO DETERMINE CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL
CHARACTERISTICS OF FGD SLUDGES 203
viii
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FIGURES
1. Concentration of IDS and Major Species in Pond A/A1
Leachate ,
2. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond D
Leachate 10
3. Concentration of TDS in Pond F Underdrain 12
4. Concentration of TDS in Pond G Underdrain 13
5. Comparison of TDS Concentration in the Underdrain
Water and Runoff of Pond H 14
6. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond A/A1
Supernate 16
7. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond D
Supernate 17
8. Load-Bearing Strength as a Function of Moisture, Fly Ash
Content, and Sludge Origin 20
9. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond B
Leachate 21
10. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond C
Leachate 22
11. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond E
Leachate 23
12. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond B
Supernate 24
13. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond C
Supernate 25
14. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond E
Supernate 26
ix
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FIGURES (Continued)
15. KPA Shawnee FGD Waste Disposal Field Demonstration
Functional Organization 32
16. Disposal Site and Well Nomenclature 34
17. Leachate Collection Well 37
18. Underdrain System Installed in Ponds F, G, and H.; 38
19. Pond B Core Sample Locations and Dates 48
20. Pond C Core and Soil Sample Locations and Dates 49
21. Pond D Core Sample Locations and Dates.. 50
22. Pond E Core Sample Locations and Dates 51
23. Pond F Core Sample Locations and Dates 52
24. Elevation View of Pond E 55
25. Plan View of Pond E 56
26. Elevation View of Pond F 57
27. Plan View of Pond F 58
28. Concentration of IDS and Major Species in Pond A/A1
Groundwater 62
29. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond A/A1
Supernate 64
30. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond A/A1
Leachate 65
31. Concentration of Minor Species in Pond A/A1 Leachate........... 66
32. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond D
Groundwater 67
33. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond D
Supernate 69
34. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond D
Leachate* 70
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FIGURES (Continued)
35. Concentration of Minor Species in Pond D Leachate 71
36. Concentration of IDS in Pond D Leachate and Supernate with
Rainfall 72
37. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond F
Ground water 73
38. Concentration of TDS in Pond F Underdrain Water 76
39. Concentration of Minor Species in Pond F Underdrain 77
40. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond G
Groundwater 78
41. Concentration of TDS in Pond G Underdrain 79
42. Concentration of Minor Species in Pond G Underdrain...... 80
43. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond H
Groundwater 82
44. Comparison of TDS Concentration in the Underdrain Water
and Runoff of Pond H 83
45. Concentration of Minor Species in Pond H Underdrain 84
46. Load-Bearing Strength as a Function of Moisture, Fly Ash
Content, and Sludge Origin 88
47. Viscosity of Shawnee FGD Sludges 93
48. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond B
Groundwater 98
49. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond B
Supernate 100
50. Concentration of TDS in Pond B Leachate and Supernate
with Rainfall 101
51. Concentration of TDS and Major Species in Pond B
T.eachate 102
xi
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FIGURES (Continued)
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
Concentration of IDS and Major Species in Pond C
Concentration of IDS and Major Species in Pond C
Concentration of IDS and Major Species in Pond C
Concentration of IDS and Major Species in Pond E
Concentration of IDS and Major Species in Pond E
Concentration of IDS and Major Species in Pond E
Comparison of Precipitation and Leachate Well Water
Precipitation as a Function of Water Level in Ponds A
Limestone Sludge Pond: 50-Acre Sections for Underdrainage
103
104
105
107
108
109
110
111
112
118
119
125
131
135
xii
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TABLES
1. Shawnee Disposal Sites. 8
2. Summary of Typical Concentrations of Major and Minor
Species in Pond H Underdrain and Runoff Samples 15
3. Sludge Ultimate Bearing Capacity 19
4. Cost Comparison of Various Disposal Methods......... 29
5. Shawnee Pond Dimensions 35
6. Shawnee Disposal Sites 42
7. Settling and Physical Characteristics of Pond H Clarifier
Underflow (Gypsum) 45
8. Chemical Characterization Parameter List........ 47
9. Input Liquor Analysis 75
10. Summary of Typical Concentrations of Major and Minor
Species in Pond H Underdrain and Runoff Samples 85
11. Bulk Densities of FGD Wastes 87
12. Sludge Ultimate Bearing Capacity... 90
13. Permeability of Shawnee Sludges 91
14. Effect of Compaction on Permeability of Untreated
Sludge 91
15. Summary of Optimum Designs for Different Sand Layers 96
16. Physical Characteristics of Impounded Treated Sludge
Cores 114
17. Analysis of Shawnee Pond Site Soil Cores for Retention of
a Major and Minor Species Due to Sludge Seepage 117
xiii
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TABLES (Continued)
18. Summary of Base Conditions 122
19. Summary of Base Case Outputs 123
20. Component Costs 124
21. Host Estimate for Untreated Pond, Indigenous Liner 126
22. Computation of Levelized Costs for Untreated Pond,
Indigenous Liner 127
23. Cost Estimate for Untreated Pond, Synthetic Liner 129
24. Computation of Levelized Costs for Untreated Pond,
Synthetic Liner 130
25. Cost Estimate for Untreated Sludge, Underdrained Pond 132
26. Computation of Levelized Costs for Untreated Sludge,
Underdrained Pond 134
27. Cost Estimate for Slurried Gypsum, Indigenous Liner 137
28. Computation of Levelized Costs for Slurried Gypsum,
Indigenous Liner 138
29. Cost Estimate for Slurried Gypsum, Synthetic Liner 139
30. Computation of Levelized Costs for Slurried Gypsum,
Synthetic Liner 140
31. Chemically Treated Sludge Disposal Cost Update 141
32. Cost Comparison of Disposal Alternatives 142
xiv
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The results reported in this document reflect the cooperation and
valuable conributions of individuals from a number of organizations associated
with this project. In particular, the authors wish to acknowledge Michael C.
Osborne and Julian W. Jones, the EPA FGD Waste Disposal Project Officers,
whose management and technical guidance has been especially helpful, and John
Williams, the EPA Shawnee Project Officer, for his continuing assistance in
conducting project activities at the evaluation site.
The following personnel also have been most helpful in conducting
this project:
The Aerospace Corporation
H. R. Bigelow W. F. Reddall, III
P. A. Riley
J. R. Shepherd
J. Block
K. A. Douglas
W. M. Graven
M. Perez
W. J. Swartwood
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
D. G. Carpenter
J. M. Cummings
C. Gottschalk
T. Kelso
M. Martin
H. Head
R. Keen
H. P. Mathews
J. K. Metcalfe
R. Shelley
R. Tulis
The Bechtel Corporation
A. Abdul-Sattar
C. Wang
XV
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CONVERSION TABLE
To Convert from
English Units
Acres
Acre-Feet
Btu
Btu per Hour
Cubic Feet
Cubic Yards
Feet
Feet per Minute
Feet per Second
Foot-Pounds
Foot-Pounds per Minute
Gallons
Horsepower (Electric)
Inches
Miles per Hour
Miles
Pounds
Pounds
Pounds per Cubic Feet
Pounds per Square Inch
Square Feet
Square Yards
Tons (Short)
Yards
To Metric Units
Square Meters
Cubic Meters
Joules
Watts
Cubic Meters
Cubic Meters
Meters
Meters per Second
Meters per Second
Joules
Watts
Cubic Meters
Watts
Meters
Meters per Second
Meters
Kilograms
Newtons
Kilograms per Cubic Meter
Newtons per Square Meter
Square Meters
Square Meters
Kilograms
Meters
Multiply by
4047
1234
1054
0.2929
0.02832
0.7646
0.3048
0.005080
0.3048
1.356
0.02260
0.003785
746.0
0.02540
0.4470
1609
0.4536
4.448
16.02
7031
0.09290
0.8361
907.2
0.9144
xvii
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SECTION I
INTRODUCTION
This project was initiated in September 1974 by the U.S. Environmen-
tal Protection Agency (EPA) for the purpose of conducting a field disposal
evaluation of throwaway by-products from nonregenerable flue gas desulfuriza-
tion (FGD) systems. The purpose of this project is to evaluate the effects of
various disposal techniques, scrubbing operations, weather, soil interactions,
and field operation procedures on the environmental quality of the disposal
site to determine environmentally sound methods of disposal. Principal inter-
est is in water quality and land reclamation associated with disposal by pond-
ing and landfilling; therefore, periodic sampling, analyses, and assessments
of leachate, supernate, runoff, groundwater, and soil and sludge cores are
conducted. The project is expected to continue through 1980.
Currently, eight field disposal sites are being evaluated in this
project. Each pond containing FGD sludge from lime and limestone scrubbers
was excavated in a silty clay field approximately 45 ft above the water table.
At a depth beyond 20 ft, some fine sand is present. Typical permeability of
the clay material is about 5 x 10"' cm/sec. Two contain untreated sludges;
three contain chemically treated sludges; and three contain untreated sludges
with underdrainage, the last of which contains a sulfite sludge which has been
oxidized to gypsum, filled to capacity, and then piled above grade. All the
sludges contain about 40 wt% fly ash except two which are relatively ash-free,
viz., the lime with underdrainage and the gypsum site. This report discusses
the first 3-1/2 years of work, encompassing all effort on these ponds. The
addition of two gypsum sites, not ponded but piled above grade, and the plant-
ing of young trees on two closed ponds (of the original eight) subsequent to
this reporting period will complete the configuration of the project.
The disposal sites are located at the Tennessee Valley Authority
(TVA) Shawnee Steam Plant near Paducah, Kentucky. Two different scrubber sys-
tems, functioning in parallel, are being operated at this station as an
EPA/TVA test facility. Each of the scrubbers [a turbulent contact absorber
(TCA) and a venturi followed by a spray tower] is capable of treating up to 10
megawatt equivalent (MWe) of flue gas. Sludges from these scrubbers using
lime and limestone as the sulfur dioxide (S02) absorbent are used in the dis-
posal evaluation project. This program provides a broad data base for the
evaluation of SOj control through concurrent evaluations of scrubber perform-
ance, sludge disposal, and laboratory analyses.
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Engineering cost estimats for various chemical treatment disposal
methods were discussed in detail In the Initial report (Ref. 1). These esti-
mates are updated in this report, and a review of current disposal cost esti-
mates for ponding of untreated sludge and gypsum sludge is presented.
This is the third report to be issued on this project. The first
two reports (Refs. 1 and 2) discussed the results obtained on the project from
September 1974 through October 1976. This report contains the data and re-
sults of analyses generated from September 1974 through June 1978. Some up-
dates have been made for clarity during the publication period.
The effort reported on in this document is part of a broad range of
FGD waste disposal study activities by EPA, the results of which have been
described in other Aerospace reports (Refs. 3 through 5). The most recent of
these reports (Ref. 4) provides the results of the chemical characterization
and physical properties analyses for untreated and chemically treated sludges
from 13 different scrubbers at Eastern and Western power plants using lime,
limestone, or double-alkali absorbents. The data given in this document are
oriented toward the specific activities at the TVA Shawnee Plant, but where
appropriate, references are made to relate this work to the general field of
FGD waste disposal.
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SECTION II
FINDINGS
After the third year of this field evaluation project, the following
findings appear to be significant:
a. Pond C, containing IUCS chemically treated sludge, is structur-
ally sound and has demonstrated the ability to shed water and
prevent seepage (after conversion ,to a runoff configuration in
early 1979). The underdrainage of untreated sludge (Ponds F and
G) results in a structurally sound material in an impoundment
and all seepage and rainfall at the sites are controlled.
(Operationally, these waters would be returned to the scrubber
for reuse.) Pond B, containing a Dravo chemically treated
sludge which can be disposed of under water, supports wheeled
construction vehicles but does not afford traction. Chemical
treatment improves the coefficient of permeability by at least
one order of magnitude.
b. The concentration of total dissolved solids (TDS) in the leach-
ate of the chemically treated and untreated waste in nondrained
ponds has approached levels that approximate saturation with
gypsum.
c. The groundwaters associated with all ponds show no effect atri-
butable to chemically treated or untreated waste disposal.
d. Runoff from sulfite sludge that has been force-oxidized to
gypsum shows a TDS concentration of between 2500 and 3200 mg/A,
and the total suspended solids (TSS) in the same runoff varies
between 4 and 300 mg/&. For structural strength to be main-
tained in the gypsum material, the site should be managed to
shed water so that it is not allowed to reslurry by wetting.
e. Concentrations of trace elements being monitored in the leachate
of chemically treated sludges show positive and negative varia-
tions from concentrations in the input liquor. Concentrations
greater than input conditions can result from additional trace
elements present in the chemicals added in the treatment process
(e.g., cement, fly ash, and lime). Of several thousand analyses
of treated and untreated sludge leachate, only two showed trace
-------
element concentrations greater than 10 times the allowable in
drinking water (i.e., one selenium and one cadmium case), and
these were in the range of 10 to 20 times the allowable.
Pond closure by draining, covering, and contouring with clay
material has been demonstrated to be sufficient to retire dis-
posal sites (chemically treated Pond E and untreated, under-
drained Pond F) so that they will support construction vehicles
and shed water, thereby preventing seepage.
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SECTION III
RECOMMENDATIONS
It is recommended that the following specific disposal techniques be
further evaluated:
a. Continued investigation of the disposal of force-oxidized sul-
fite sludge (gypsum) including those processes in which organic
additives are used in the scrubbing process. This investigation
should include the effects of weathering, quality of runoff
waters, and structural properties. This is needed because there
is a desire by some utilities to dispose of gypsum filter cake
by stacking it as high as 100 ft and letting it remain perma-
nently. Preliminary investigations have indicated that the
material suffers from the effects of freeze-thaw and wet-dry
cycling, which produces cracks and thereby allows rainfall to
enter the material. As a result, rewetting occurs and causes a
certain reduction of the strength of the material, while the
concurrent runoff contains sediment and dissolved solids not
allowable in discharge to streams. If this practice is fol-
lowed, methods to do so in an environmentally sound manner need
to be determined.
b. Monitoring of closed disposal sites containig both chemically
treated and untreated, underdrained waste to evaluate the
ability of these sites to support tree growth and to determine
the effects of closure and tree plantings on seepage and subsi-
dence at the respective sites. No demonstrations have been made
to verify the ability of a capped disposal site to support deep
rooted growth and to prevent seepage and subsidence.
c. Continued evaluation of the effects of time and weather on the
structural and chemical characteristics of chemically treated
sludges. After several years of monitoring chemically treated
sludges at the Shawnee site, deterioration (cracking and flak-
ing) of the surfaces has occurred as a result of weathering.
The extent to which this occurs and the depth at which it might
be effective need to be determined with respect to as long a
time as possible.
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Continued evaluation of seepage and the quality of runoff from a
pond containing chemically treated waste in which the runoff
mode simulates an operational disposal configuration.A lime-
stone/fly ash treated site (Pond C) at Shawnee contains hairline
cracks due to shrinkage during the curing cycle. This site has
been operating as a worst case condition in which rainwater is
trapped and contained on the surface. As a result, seepage
through the hairline cracks reach the base of the pond rapidly.
The purpose of the conversion of this pond to a runoff mode is
to determine whether this material is capable of shedding rain-
fall such that seepage to the base is prevented.
Disposal of sludges produced from new scrubber installations or
processes being tested at the TVA Shawnee Scrubber Test Facil-
ity.Because allsludgesareuniqueregardingthesourcesoT
materials and type of processes in which they are produced, any
new sludges that are different from those already evaluated may
well exhibit properties not observed previously. A disposal
evaluation of these materials would be advisable.
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SECTION IV
SUMMARY
The FGD field evauation project was initiated in September 1974 at
the TVA Shawnee Steam Plant in Paducah, Kentucky, for the purpose of assessing
techniques and field operating procedures for the disposal of nonregenerable
FGD system wastes. At the time of this report, eight disposal impoundments
(ponds) were being evaluated. A data summary of the sludge types in the re-
spective ponds is shown in Table 1. Three ponds contain sludge that has been
chemically treated, and the remaining five ponds contain untreated sludge, two
in open ponds and three in ponds equipped with underdrain systems. The chemi-
cal treatment processes are described in Ref. 1, and the underdrain construc-
tion and operation are described in Section VI of this report.
All ponds are being monitored for the quality of the leachate and
groundwater. Depending on the configuration of the pond, the supernate, run-
off and/or underdrain water are also being monitored. In addition, sludge
cores are evaluated for those ponds containing chemically treated material,
and soil cores are analyzed from both treated and untreated ponds for compari-
son with virgin soil. The significant results and trends observed to date are
summarized in the following paragraphs.
A.I UNTREATED SLUDGE
4.1.1 Leachate and Underdrain
The leachates of Ponds A/A1 and D, as reported in Ref. 4, showed a
rapid increase in the concentration of total dissolved solids (TDS) and dis-
solved constituents immediately after pond filling. These concentrations In-
creased steadily, reaching peak values close to those In the input liquor of
the respective ponds. The peak concentrations would have appeared initially
except the leachate was diluted by rainwater that was in the leachate well and
on the pond bottom when the project was initiated. This is true for all ponds
that had leachate wells except for Pond C, whose well was drained prior to
initiation of monitoring. Starting in July 1976, all leachate wells were
evacuated after each sampling. Since that time the TDS has steadily de-
creased, and after 3-1/2 years has leveled off in both ponds at a concentra-
tion of approximately 2300 mg/i (Figures 1 and 2). The chloride has been vir-
tually depleted in both ponds, leaving calcium sulfate as the prime dissolved
constituent. Six selected minor species are being monitored in both ponds.
The results show that in Pond A/A1 the concentration of boron, lead, selenium,
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TABLE 1. SHAWNEE DISPOSAL SITES
00
Site
A
Al
B
C
D
E
F
G
He
Fill
Date
10/8/74
5/10/76
4/15/75
4/23/75
2/5/75
12/7/74
2/3/77
10/5/76
9/2/77
9/30/77
Sc rubbe r
Typea
VST
VST
TCA
VST
TCA
TCA
TCA
VST
VST
VST
Sludge
Absorbent
Lime
Lime
Limestone
Lime
Limestone
Limestone
Limestone
Lime
Limestone
Limestone
Source
F
F
CU
CE
CU
CU
CU
CE
CU
F
Solids0
Content
(wt %)
46
46
38d
55d
38
38d
47
47
33
86
Treatment
Untreated
Untreated
Dravo
IUCS
Untreated
Chemfix
Untreated
Untreated
Untreated
Untreated
Remarks
Out of service 4/15/76
Control pond, transferred
from Pond A
Underwater disposal
Pond converted to runoff
mode 3/79
Control pond
Closed 11/77
Underdrained pond,
closed 11/77
Underdrained pond
Pond
Surface site, unreacted
limestone 13% dry wt
Venturi and spray tower (VST); turbulent contact absorber (TCA).
Filter (F), clarifier underflow (CU), and centrifuge (CE).
Pond H is ash-free. All others: fly ash is approximately 40 wt % of solids content.
Prior to chemical treatment.
Forced-oxidized to gypsum.
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AVERAGE INPUT LIQUOR TDS - 8285 mgli
9000
8000
7000
6000
j-5000
a:
4000
o
o
3000
2000
1000
0
I
POND A POND Al
DISCONTINUED 4/15/76 FILLED 5/10/76
1 I 1 i j
TDS
JFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONUIFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJASONDJ
1974 I 1975 I 1976 I 1977 I 1978
Figure 1. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond A/A1
leachate
-------
6000r AVERAGE INPUT LIQUOR IDS = 5373 mg/1
3000
4000
3000
ae.
o 2000
1000
IDS
MAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJ
1974 I 1975 I 1976 I 1977 I 1978
Figure 2. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond D leachate.
-------
and mercury have remained relatively constant and the concentrations of magne-
sium and arsenic declined gradually. In Fond D, the concentrations of arse-
nic, selenium, lead, and mercury remained constant, with magnesium and boron
decreasing slightly.
The analyses of underdrain water from Ponds F, G, and H show a rapid
decrease in the concentration of TDS and dissolved constituents, as compared
to ponds not equipped with underdrain systems (Figures 1 and 3 through 5). It
should be noted, however, that the addition of new material on the surface of
any pond will result in concentrations in the leachate equal to the initial
values. The six minor species monitored in the untreated sludges in Ponds F,
G, and H have shown occasional variations.
4.1.2 Runoff
Runoff from ash-free gypsum filter cake on Pond H is being moni-
tored. As of mid-1978 (10 months after pond filling), the TDS concentration
has remained between 2500 and 3200 mg/A (Figure 5) • However, the total sus-
pended solids (TSS) in the runoff has shown a wide variation, with values
ranging between 4 and 309 mg/fc . This variation is to be expected as the
crust of the filter cake material erodes from weathering and fresh material is
periodically exposed to rainfall. A comparison of typical concentrations of
major and selected minor species in the runoff and underdrain of the Pond H
material (Table 2) shows chloride, TDS, boron, magnesium, selenium, sodium,
and potassium to be higher in the underdrain water, whereas sulfate, arsenic,
and lead are in higher concentrations in the runoff water.
4.1.3 Supernate
The concentrations of TDS and major constituents in the supernate of
Ponds Al and D have exhibited the characteristic seasonal variations expected
as the quantity of water increases or decreases with rainfall (Figures 6 and
7). However, over a 3-1/2-year monitoring period, a gradual decrease in the
maximum concentration of TDS and dissolved constituents has been observed, and
by mid-1978 the maximum TDS concentration in the supernate of both ponds had
dropped to less than 2000 mg/Jt .
4.1.4 Groundwater
There have been no indications that the groundwater has been af-
fected in any way by the untreated sludge material. The groundwater associ-
ated with Pond D consistently shows a somewhat higher concentration of chlo-
ride and TDS than the groundwater associated with the other disposal ponds.
However, since only the chloride concentration has increased while calcium and
sulfate have remained stable, it is assumed that this condition is not caused
by the pond. Monitoring will be continued on this situation, however.
11
-------
7000
POND FILLED
FEB77
6000
INPUT LIQUOR IDS - 6700 mg/i
50001-
8 4000
30001
POND RETIRED
NOV77
I
0369
MONTHS AFTER POND FILLING
Figure 3. Concentration of TDS in Pond F underdrain.
12
-------
o
0£
LU
O
O
O
14,000.
12,000
". 10,000 -
POND FILLED
OCT 76
1,000
6 9 12 15
MONTHS AFTER POND FILLING
Figure 4. Concentration of TDS in Pond G underdrain.
13
-------
10,000
UNDERDRAW
POND H DATA:
. LIMESTONE ABSORBENT
• FILLED WITH CLARIFIER UNDERFLOW
ASH-FREE GYPSUM, AUG 77
. ADDITIONAL FILLING OF GYPSUM
FILTER CAKE, SEP 77, CONTAINING 12%
(dry basis) UNREACTED LIMESTONE
• UNDERDR AIMED POND (underd rain age
closed after filter cake deposit)
• INPUT LIQUOR TDS :
CLARIFIER UNDERFLOW, 9200 mg/l
FILTRATE, 10,786 mg/l
6 8 10
MONTHS AFTER POND FILLING
12
14
16
Figure 5. Comparison of TDS concentration in the underdrain water
and runoff of Pond H.
-------
TABLE 2. SUMMARY OF TYPICAL CONCENTRATIONS
OF MAJOR AND MINOR SPECIES IN POND H
UNDERDRAIN AND RUNOFF SAMPLED
Concentration in mg/jt
Speciesa
Chloride
Sulfate
Calcium
TDS
Arsenic
Boron
Lead
Magnesium
Mercury
Selenium
Sodium
Potassium
Fluoride
TSS
Underdrain
1300
1200
600
3500
0.006
30
0.20
280
0.0012
0.005
60
30
2.0
Not measured
Runoff
7 to 500
1400
600
2200
0.030
0.5 to 27.0
0.30
5 to 160
0.0015
0.0004
3.0
3.0
2.3
4 to 309
aSampled in March 1978, six months after placement of the
material on the site.
Results from TVA on duplicate samples in this time
interval ranged from 130 to 720 mg// total suspended
solids.
15
-------
6000,-
5000 -
4000 -
3000 -
POND A
DISCONTINUED
4/15/76
POND Al
FILLED
5/10/76
oc
UJ
I 2000
1000 -
JFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJASONDJ
1974 I 1975 I 1976 | 1977 I 1978
Figure 6. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond A/Al supernate.
-------
6000
5000 ~
4000
g 2000
3000 -
1000 -
IDS
J FMAMJ J AS 0 NO J FMAMJ J ASOND J FMAMJJASONO JFMAMJJASOND J FMAMJJ ASONOJ
1974 I 1975 I 1976 I 1977 I 1978
Figure 7. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond D supernate.
-------
A.1.5 Physical Characteristics
The physical characteristics considered in the disposal of FGD
sludges are bulk density, water retention, bearing strength, porosity, permea-
bility, and viscosity. Laboratory tests for all of these parameters have been
conducted on Shawnee sludges and are discussed in Section 8.1.5 of this re-
port. In addition, field measurements have been made on bearing capacities of
untreated sludges in ponds containing underdrain systems; the results are
shown in Table 3. The results for treated sludges are shown also for compari-
son purposes. These tests were all made with a field penetrometer (Soiltest,
Inc., Model CN988), which measures bearing capacities between 10 and 450 psi
(the field penetrometer measures the ultimate bearing capacity which is the
maximum load per unit area that can be reacted by the material). The load-
bearing strength of untreated sludges in undrained ponds has been too low to
obtain accurate measurements, although occasionally Pond Al will support
personnel if the surface is free of supernate. The highest bearing capacity
measured to date on untreated sludges, i.e., 330 psi or greater, was obtained
on gypsum clarifier underflow in an underdrained pond. Lime sludge, under-
drained, has shown bearing capacities in the range of 100 to 240 psi, and
underdrained limestone sludges somewhat lower, in the range of 50 to 75 psi.
Laboratory tests on load-bearing strength as a function of moisture
and fly-ash content have been conducted on sludges from various sources in ad-
dition to Shawnee; the results are shown in Figure 8, and the test procedure
is given in Appendix B. All sludges have a critical solids content above
which the strength increases rapidly and below which it decreases rapidly, as
shown in the figure. After dewatering, the reason for preventing rewetting is
obvious since only a few percentage points change results in a large loss of
strength.
4.2 . CHEMICALLY TREATED SLUDGE
4.2.1 Leachate
The leachates from the ponds containing chemically treated sludge
have consistently exhibited a. maximum TDS concentration of approximately half
that of the input liquor to the respective ponds. In addition, three years
after pond filling, the TDS concentrations in all three ponds containing chem-
ically treated sludges have settled at a value of approximately 3000 mg/A
(Figures 9 through 11).
4.2.2 Supernate
The concentration of TDS and major constituents in the supernate of
the chemically treated sludges has shown the characteristic fluctuations re-
sulting from varying weather conditions (Figures 12 through 14). In all three
ponds, the chloride has been virtually depleted within 1-1/2 to 2 years after
pond filling. The peak TDS concentrations have typically been approximately
one-half that of the input liquor to the respective ponds.
18
-------
TABLE 3. SLUDGE ULTIMATE BEARING CAPACITY
Pond and
Absorbent
Pond B,b(C
Lime
Pond C,
Limestone
Pond E,
Limestone
Pond F,
Limestone
Pond G,
Lime
Pond H,d
Gypsum
Soil (Shawnee,
Clay)
. a
Bearing Capacity, psi
Distance Below Sludge Surface
1-2 in.
10-15
150-330
75-300
50-75
100-150
330
60-100
2-4 in.
150
240-300
90-300
60-75
100-150
330
120
4-6 in.
150-300
330
300-330
60-75
180-240
>330
240-300
Data taken in August 1977 within 24 hr following a 3. 3-in. rainfall.
Pond B covered by 4 in. of water.
'Chemically treated.
Tests for Pond H made on settled and drained clarifier underflow.
19
-------
N»
o
SHAWNEE, 6% FLY ASH - 9/8/76
SHAWNEE, 40% FLY ASH - 9/8/76
SCHOLZ, WITHOUT FLY ASH - 6/20/76
SCHOLZ, 30% FLY ASH - 6/27/76
PADDY'S RUN. 12% FLY ASH -
PHILLIPS, 60% FLY ASH - 6/17/74
CHOLLA, 59% FLY ASH - 4/1/74
GADS BY, 9% FLY ASH -8/9/74
SHAWNEE, WITHOUT FLY ASH - 11/30/76
SHAWNEE, 40% FLY ASH - 11/30/76
RTP GYPSUM*, WITHOUT FLY ASH - 12/4/75
RTP GYP SUM*, 40% FLY ASH - 9/30/75
ABSORBENT
L - LIME
DA - DOUBLE ALKALI
CL - CARBIDE LIME
LS - LIMESTONE
* - CONTAINS 5%
SULFITE
60 70
SOLIDS CONTENT, weight %
90
Figure 8. Load-bearing strength as a function of moisture, fly ash content,
and sludge origin.
-------
60001-
INPUT LIQUOR IDS BEFORE TREATMENT - 5685 mg/l
K>
TDS
J
JFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJ
1974 I 1975 I 1976 I 1977 I 1978
Figure 9. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond B leachate.
-------
6000,-
5000 -
^ 4000 -
AVERAGE INPUT LIQUOR IDS BEFORE TREATMENT - 9530 mg It
K>
ts>
8
O^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^l
ICUAUIiAcnuniCUA
IDS
'J F MAMJ J AS 0 N D J FMA
1974 I 1975
AMJ
1976
1977
J AS ON DJ
1978
Figure 10. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond C leachate.
-------
6000
3000
^i 4000
2
O
g
1
LU
O
O
O
3000
2000
1000
AVERAGE INPUT LIQUOR IDS
BEFORE TREATMENT • 6245 mg//
v
O
POND RETIRED
11/11/77
TDS
Cl
SO.
Ca
Na
i i i
i i i i
JFMAMJJ ASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONOJFMAMJJ ASONDJFMAMJJASONOJ
1974 I 1975 I 1976 I 1977 I 1978
Figure 11. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond E leachate.
-------
6000 r-
5000
~L 4000
z
o
OS
NJ
*-
3000
2000
1000
i i
JFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONOJ FMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJASONDJ
1974 | 1975 I 1976 I 1977 I 1978
Figure 12. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond B supernate.
-------
Of.
to
Ln
6000r-
3000
4000
3000
2000
1000
'J F MAMJ J ASONDJ FMAMJJ ASONDJ FMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJASONOJ
1974 I 1975 I 1976 I 1977 I 1978
Figure 13. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond C supernate.
-------
N>
60001-
5000
^ 4000
3000
o 2000
1000
J F MAMJ J AS OND
1974
FMAMJJ AS OND.
1975
i i i i i i i i i i
FMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJ ASONDJ
1976 | 1977 | 1978
Figure 14. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond E supernate.
-------
A.2.3 Groundwater
The results of analyses of groundwater associated with these ponds
containing treated sludge show no effect from the pond materials. The concen-
trations of TDS and major constituents in the groundwater have been essenti-
ally constant throughout the entire monitoring period. Likewise, the concen-
trations of six selected minor species have also shown no unusual trends.
4.2.A Physical Characteristics
Tests were conducted on core samples obtained two years after chemi-
cal treatment (March and September 1977) to determine the permeability, mois-
ture content, wet and dry density, and unconfined compressive strength of core
samples obtained from Ponds B, C, and E. Typical permeability coefficients
ranged from 3.7 * 10"^ cm/sec for Pond B, to 2.9 x 10"-* cm/sec for Pond C, and
5.6 x 10""* for Pond E. These values were in the range of results obtained
previously for these ponds, thereby indicating no apparent time-dependent
trends in the permeability coefficient.
Typical moisture content values for the cored materials from these
ponds were 56% for Pond B, 37% for Pond C, and 50% for Pond E.
Bulk densities in the as-sampled wet condition for Ponds B, C, and E
are approximately 1.37, 1.52, and 1.37 g/cc, respectively. For Ponds B, C,
and E, dry bulk densities are approximately 0.63, 0.9A, and 0.68 g/cc, respec-
tively.
The tests for ultimate bearing capacity of the chemically treated
materials resulted in values of approximately 300 psl.
4.3 SOIL
Two years after project initiation, soil core samples were obtained
below the sludge layer in Ponds D, C, and E and in a nearby location in virgin
soil, to determine, through chemical analysis, which chemical constituents
were retained in the soil. Samples were taken using Shelby tubes in all four
locations at depths equivalent to 1, 3, and 9 in. below the sludge layer. Us-
ing a coefficient of permeability of 5 x 10"^ cm/sec for the soil, it is rea-
sonable to assume that the soil was saturated through the first foot below
each pond. The results show a buildup of sulfate, chloride, and calcium by a
factor of 3 over the background concentrations, mercury by a factor of 2, and
arsenic by a factor of 1.5. Although iron and lead are known to be retained
in soil, the contribution from the leachate could not be determined because of
the high concentrations of these elements in the soil itself. The sensitivity
of the test equipment was such that no data could be obtained for cadmium or
seleniuu. The conclusion reached from these tests is that there is some re-
tention of some of the sludge constituents In the soil, tending to reduce the
concentrations of these constituents in the seepage. The data from these
tests, however, were not sufficient to predict the net impact on the quality
of the groundwater from the seepage.
27
-------
4.4 COSTS
Engineering cost estimates were prepared for six disposal options,
i.e., ponded untreated waste on an indigenous soil liner; ponded untreated
waste on a Hypalon liner; untreated waste in an underdrained pond; forced oxi-
dation (gypsum) waste on indigenous soil; gypsum on Hypalon liner; and ponded
chemically treated waste on indigenous soil. In both gypsum cases, a 15% sol-
ids slurry is pumped to the disposal site. The estimates were based on mid-
1980 costs. The detailed conditions and results are contained in Section IX.
A summary of the cost estimates for these five disposal options is shown in
Table 4.
28
-------
TABLE 4. COST COMPARISON OF VARIOUS DISPOSAL METHODS
N>
VO
Disposal Method
Untreated, Indigenous Soil
Untreated, Hypalon 30 Liner
Untreated, Underdrained
Gypsum, Indigenous Liner
Gypsum, Hypalon 30 Liner
Chemically Treated
$/Ton (dry)
5.88
12.54
9.42
10.22
15.06
11.83
Mills /kWH
0.66
1.42
1.06
1. 18
1.74
1.24
$/Ton Coal
1.77
3.78
2.84
3.14
4.63
3.60
-------
SECTION V
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
This project is managed by the EPA Industrial Environmental Research
Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. The functional relation-
ships of the organizations participating in the project are shown in Fig-
ure 15.
The Aerospace Corporation is responsible for project planning and
coordination, preparation of project test plans, laboratory analyses of ponded
test plans, laboratory analyses of ponded waste materials and pond waters,
preparation of engineering cost estimates for the disposal processes being
evaluated, assessment of all analytical results, and reporting of project
activities and analytical results.
The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) is responsible for all con-
struction, filling of untreated ponds, supplying sludges to chemical treatment
processors at the site, site maintenance, sampling and analyses, sample dis-
tribution, climatological and hydraulic data collection, photographic documen-
tation (still and motion picture), and contracting with sludge treatment pro-
cessors. TVA also provides analytical data, climatological and hydraulic
data, and photographic documentation to The Aerospace Corporation for assess-
ment and inclusion in formal reporting to EPA.
The processors who have chemically treated sludges now under evalua-
tion are Chemflx, Inc., and Dravo Corporation, Pittsburgh, and IU Conversion
Systems, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
The Bechtel Corporation provides scrubber test data relative to the
sludges used in the disposal evaluation.
31
-------
TVA SHAWNEE
PROJECT OFFICER
EPA
SHAWNEE
PROJECT OFFICER
BECHTEL
SHAWNEE
PROJECT MANAGER
THE AEROSPACE CORP.
Plans, Program Coordin-
ation, Analyses,
Evaluation, Reports
EPA
FGD WASTE
DISPOSAL PROGRAM
PROJECT OFFICER
BECHTEL
ONSITE (Scrubber)
TEST PROGRAM DIRECTOR
TVA
DIVISION OF
POWER PRODUCTION
TVA
CORE SAMPLING, CORE
AND WATER ANALYSES
DIRECT SUPPORT
—— COORDINATION ONLY
TVA
Construction, Maintenance,
Sampling, Analysis
ASST. TVA PROJECT OFFICER
TVA
SHAWNEE TEST FACILITY
SUPERVISOR,
WATER SAMPLING,
SITE COORDINATION,
POND CONSTRUCTION, TEST
EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION,
AND SITE MAINTENANCE
CHEMFIX
L
DRAVO
IUCS
Figure 15. EPA Shawnee FGD waste disposal field demonstration
functional organization.
-------
SECTION VI
SITE AND FACILITY DESCRIPTION
6.1 GENERAL
The FGD waste disposal evaluation site is located on TVA property at
the TVA Shawnee Steam Plant near Paducah, Kentucky. The Shawnee plant has 10
generating units with a total capacity of 1,750,000 kW of electric power. At
its typical level of operation, Shawnee consumes 4,500,000 ton/yr of bitumi-
nous coal from western Kentucky and Illinois (Ref. 6). This coal has an aver-
age sulfur content of approximately 3.5%.
6.2 TEST FACILITIES
The FGD wastes being evaluated on this project were obtained from
two prototype wet lime/limestone scrubbers operating in parallel on Shawnee
boiler No. 10, each capable of treating approximately 30,000 ft3/min (at
300°F) of flue gas (Ref. 7). Gas that is ash-free, or containing ash, may be
fed to either scrubber. The two scrubbers, each of which treats an equivalent
of 10 MW of boiler capacity, produce an effluent slurry containing sulfite,
sulfate, chloride, calcium, and trace elements. The effluent is pumped to a
thickener area from which sludge can be removed from a clarifier, centrifuge,
or filter for placement in one of the disposal areas. Both treated and un-
treated sludges are being analyzed in the evaluation program.
6.3 PONDS
The disposal areas are Identified as Ponds Al, B, C, D, E, F, G, and
H and are shown in relation to the power plant in Figure 16. These ponds have
been constructed in accordance with the dimensions shown in Table 5.
All berras are contoured to drain away from the ponds. No other rain
drainage is provided, and no compaction of the pond sides or bottom was per-
formed other than that resulting from the operation of earth moving equipment
incidental to constructing the ponds. The bottom surfaces are generally in a
horizontal plane, and the side walls are protected from erosion through the
use of limestone rock.
Leachate wells have been constructed in Ponds Al, B, C, D, and E;
and Ponds F, G, and H are constructed with underdrain systems. The configura-
tion of the leachate wells and underdrain systems is described later in this
33
-------
NOTE:
GROUND WATER
WELLS GWA1,
GWF1, GWG1,
AND GWA1 ARE
LOCATED 8* FROM
THE TOP OF BEAM
AT THE NW CORNER
OF THEIR RESPECTIVE
PONDS
SCALE: feet
LEGEND:
O DENOTES GROUNDWATER WELLS (GW)
• DENOTES LEACHATE WELLS (LW)
D DENOTES UNDERDRAIN (UD)
Figure 16. Disposal site and well nomenclature
-------
TABLE 5. SHAWNEE POND DIMENSIONS
Pond
Al
B, E
C
D
F
G, H
Length, fta
10
140
133
147
40
40
Width, fta
10
38
38
40
40
40
Side Slope
2:1
2:1
2:1
2:1
2:1
2:1
Sludge
Depth, ft
3
3
3
3
4
4
Length and width dimensions are to the top of the berm.
35
-------
section. Access to the leachate well In Pond Al has been provided by con-
structing a walkway across the berms adjacent to the well. For each of
Ponds B, C, D, and E, a wooden pier has been constructed at one end of the
pond to serve as a support for the leachate well and to provide a sampling
station for obtaining leachate well water. For Ponds F, G, and H, access has
been provided to the underdrain collection tank and pump, for inspection and
maintenance purposes, through the use of metal steps placed in the concrete
liner of the collection pit.
6.3.1 Leachate Well Construction
Leachate wells have been constructed on the flat bottom of Ponds Al,
B, C, D, and E. The purpose of these wells is to provide water samples that
can be analyzed to determine the quality of the water that seeps through the
sludge (either untreated or treated) and enters the soil. These wells provide
samples except during periods of extreme drought or subfreezing weather.
The wells have been built with A-in.-diam plastic pipes implanted as
shown in Figure 17. This configuration is arranged to prevent solid material
from blocking the entrance to the pipe^ The pipe extends approximately 5 ft
above the base of the pond. It is anchored to the pier (except for Pond Al)
and is covered with a force-fit plastic cap to prevent entry of foreign matter
(including rainwater) into the well. The installation is such that surface
water cannot freely flow between the sludge and the pipe or through the upper
end. A layer of diatomaceous earth is used to filter suspended solids in the
leachate.
6.3.2 Underdrain Construction
Underdrain systems have been constructed on the bottoms of Ponds F
G, and H. The purpose of these systems is to remove water which seeps to the
pond bottom, thereby enhancing sludge drainage, which improves structural
properties. Samples of water collected from the underdrain system are ana-
lyzed for environmental quality.
The underdrain systems are constructed with 4-in.-diam plastic pipe
implanted in the pond bottom, as shown in Figure 18. The collection pipes are
drilled on their top halves with 1/8-in. holes on 2-in. centers and have been
covered with pea gravel. There is a 1-ft layer of sand on top of the pea gra-
vel; this improves the dewatering of the sludge, and filters out particulate
matter. The collection pipes are connected to a. single gravity-drained pipe
which flows to a 100-gal plastic tank. Water is pumped from the collection
tank to the surface by a float-operated pump. The water pumped from each pond
is metered so that the quantity of water drained can be directly compared to
the rainfall measured at the side.
6.3.3 Groundwater Well Construction
A groundwater well has been constructed approximately 100 ft from
each pond in the groundwater upstream direction for background water quality
36
-------
>SMMP?
QUARTZITE
ROCK
AND SAND
DIATOMA-
CEOUS
EARTH
QUARTZITE
ROCK
AND SAND
Figure 17. Leachate collection well.
37
-------
GYPSUM FILTER
CAKE-POND H ONLY
NOTE: Pump
and collection
tank pit to be
weather and
personnel
protected
r-FLOW METER
—TO
DRAIN
12!ft ~M-ln. PVC LINE
GRAVITY DRAIN,
18-in. DROP IN GRADE
MANUAL VALVE
SIDE VIEW
s,
FLOAT-
/rl-LUAl-
/ CONTROLLED
* 'PUMP
8 in.
-PEA GRAVEL
4-in. PVC, 1/8-in. HOLES
DRILLED IN TOP HALF
ON 2-in. CENTERS, BOTH
DIRECTIONS
-SECTION
.DETAIL (NTS)
4-in. PVC SUBDRAIN, SLOPED
TO PROVIDE GRAVITY DRAIN
PIT FOR LEACHATE
COLLECTION TANK
COLLECTION
TANK
4-In. PVC PIPE,
HOLE IN BERM
SEALED WITH
PIPE COLLAR,
AND TAMPED
CLAY
PLAN VIEW
Figure 18. Underdrain system installed in Ponds F, G, and H.
38
-------
measurements. The wells are constructed of either 4- or 6-in.-diam plastic
pipe, anchored in concrete, packed with clay to prevent seepage down the well
shaft, and installed to extend from 3 to 5 ft below the water table. The pipe
is covered with a force-fit plastic cover.
Groundwater wells have been constructed on the berms of Ponds B, C,
D, and E to measure the quality of groundwater at those locations. These
wells are located downstream from the pond relative to the direction of
groundwater flow. Newly constructed Ponds F, G, and H do not have groundwater
wells installed on the pond berms. On the basis of experience with the other
ponds, a single well installed in the downstream direction should be adequate
to monitor these ponds.
6.4 WEATHER DATA STATION
A data-taking station, containing both recording and nonrecording
instrumentation, has been installed for the purpose of determining weather
conditions at the site that may affect the disposal evaluations. Initially,
this station was located in the vicinity of the original site of Pond A; how-
ever, since February 1975, it has been located in the vicinity of Pond D,
which is somewhat central to the total site evaluation area.
Measurements made at this station include the following:
a. Air and water temperature
b. Precipitation
c. Evaporation
d. Wind movement
e. Relative humidity
39
-------
SECTION VII
OPERATIONS AND SCHEDULES
The first five disposal ponds (A through E) were constructed in
1974, and disposal evaluation activities began when the first of these,
Pond A, was filled between September 24 and October 3, 1974. The filling of
four additional ponds (B through E) was completed by mid-April 1975. The con-
struction of Ponds F, G, and H was completed in September 1976, and these
ponds were subsequently filled during the following 12 months, i.e., G in Oc-
tober 1976, F in February 1977, and H in September 1977. The source materials
and other characteristics for all of the ponds are summarized in Table 6. De-
tailed descriptions of the filling of Ponds A through E, Al, and G have been
published in other reports (Refs. 1 and 2). Ponds F and H were filled during
this reporting period (i.e., between October 1976 and May 1978); a description
of those operations follows.
7.1 POND FILLING AND CHEMICAL TREATMENT
The two ponds filled during this reporting period represent a con-
tinuing investigation of a cross section of FGD waste disposal materials and
methods. Materials ponded previously include untreated lime and limestone
wastes in indigenous clay ponds; lime and limestone wastes chemically treated
and evaluated under conditions representing either a low spot in a landfill or
disposal behind a dam; and untreated, dewatered ash-free lime waste mixed with
fly ash and placed in an underdrained pond in alternate layers with additional
fly ash. Bench tests in the Aerospace laboratories on Shawnee wastes have
continued to show that untreated sludges, when underdrained, exhibit much im-
proved load-bearing strengths (when measured by the modified California bear-
ing ratio test described in Appendix B). Inasmuch as the underdraining re-
moves or minimizes the hydraulic head of the ponded leachate, thereby reducing
its pollution potential as well as improving its structural properties, there
has been a continuing interest in obtaining additional field data on this dis-
posal method. Since the first underdrained pond used lime waste (Pond G), the
fill material for Pond F was selected from a limestone test run. Likewise,
there has been increasing interest in oxidized sulfite (gypsum) scrubbing pro-
cesses and, thus, an interest in evaluating the pollution potential of gypsum
waste. The fill material -for Pond H, therefore, was selected from a gypsum
ash-free test run, and both clarifier underflow and filter cake were used.
The material was placed in an underdrained pond to permit the evaluation of
underdrained gypsum clarifier underflow and field storage of gypsum filter
cake using the same disposal pond.
41
-------
TABLE 6. SHAWNEE DISPOSAL SITES
N>
Site
A
Al
B
C
D
E
F
G
He
Fill
Date
10/8/74
5/10/76
4/15/75
4/Z3/75
2/5/75
12/7/74
2/3/77
10/5/76
9/2/77
9/30/77
Scrubber
Typea
VST
VST
TCA
VST
TCA
TCA
TCA
VST
VST
VST
Sludge
Absorbent
Lime
Lime
Limestone
Lime
Limestone
Limestone
Limestone
Lime
Limestone
Limestone
Source
F
F
CU
CE
CU
CU
CU
CE
CU
F
Solidsc
Content
(wt %)
46
46
38d
55d
38
38d
47
47
33
86
Treatment
Untreated
Untreated
Dravo
IUCS
Untreated
Chemfix
Untreated
Untreated
Untreated
Untreated
Remarks
Out of service 4/15/76
Control pond, transferred
from Pond A
Underwater disposal
Pond converted to runoff
mode 3/79
Control pond
Closed 11/77
Underdrained pond,
closed 11/77
Underdrained pond
Pond
Surface site, unreacted
limestone 13% dry wt
Venturi and spray tower (VST); turbulent contact absorber (TCA) .
Filter (F), clarifier underflow (CU), and centrifuge (CE).
Pond H is ash-free. All others: fly ash is approximately 40 wt % of solids content.
Prior to chemical treatment.
Forced-oxidized to gypsum.
-------
7.1.1 Pond F
Pond F was filled during the period of January 28 to February 3,
1977 with ash-free limestone sludge remixed with fly ash. The sludge was
obtained from the Universal Oil Products turbulent contact absorber (TCA)
scrubber during an ash-free scrubbing run, using limestone as the absorbent.
Ash-free sludge was obtained from the TCA clarifier tank (D 202) at a solids
content of approximately 37 wt% and pumped directly to a concrete mix truck.
The trucks were loaded at a rate of 5 gpm from the clarifier. Fly ash, mixed
in a ratio of 2:1 [mechanically collected and electrostatically precipitated
(ESP)], was added manually from 55-gal drums by means of a crane and a scaf-
fold in a quantity equivalent to 40% of the total solids in the sludge. Three
concrete trucks were used, having capacities of 7-1/2, 8, and 10 yd . To fill
the pond, a total of 147 yd3 of clarifier underflow was used and a total of
38.4 yd3 of fly ash. The entire filling operation was carried out during
weather which was unusually cold for the Shawnee site. Although overnight
temperatures dropped to lows of -10°F, the sludge did not freeze in the
concrete mix trucks. The mixer drums were kept rotating at all times. (The
filling operation using concrete mix trucks was carried out in spite of the
cold weather and was not part of the disposal evaluation; in an operational
situation the sludge would be pumped underground to the disposal site.) The
pond underdrain system functioned all during the filling operation even though
the sludge became frozen each night. The underdrain pump is protected from
the weather since it is located at the bottom of the collection silo, and the
discharge hose is insulated and protected with a heat-trace system. During
the filling operation samples were obtained of clarifier underflow and sludge
mix as delivered to the pond from each truck. Samples were also obtained of
pond underdrain water before and after filling, and two additional samples
were taken during the filling operation. The sludge and underdrain water were
analyzed for chemical characterization, and the sludge was analyzed for solids
content (Section VIII). The pond underdrain water will be sampled and ana-
lyzed bimonthly, similar to the leachate from the other ponds.
7.1.2 Pond H
Pond H was filled during the period of August 18 through September
30, 1977 with ash-free oxidized sulfite limestone sludge (gypsum). The
filling and testing of the pond was accomplished in three stages. The first
task was to fill the pond to a depth of 4 ft with gypsum sludge in the form of
clarifier underflow. The second task was to test the settling characteristics
and load-bearing capacity of this same material. The third task was to con-
struct a 10-ft pile of ash-free gypsum sludge in the form of filter cake in
order to assess settling and weathering characteristics, load-bearing capac-
ity, and the environmental quality of the runoff.
Phase I; Filling with Clarifier Underflow
Ash-free oxidized sulfite sludge was obtained from the venturi spray
tower clarifier at an average solids content of 33 wt% and pumped directly
into a concrete mix truck. The trucks were loaded at a rate of 5 gpm from the
43
-------
clarifier. Two concrete trucks were used, each having an 8-yd capacity.
Both trucks were filled overnight and dumped in the morning; one truck was
filled during the day and pumped in the afternoon. The mixer drums were kept
rotating at all times. The pond underdrain system functioned all during the
filling operation. A total of 43 truckloads was delivered to the pond. The
slurry settled to an average height of approximately 3 ft, 11 in., with a
surface area of 36 x 36 ft representing a total volume of approximately
84 yd3.
Phase II; Sampling and Testing
During the filling operation, samples of the clarifier underflow
sludge were obtained from each truck as it was being dumped into the pond.
Daily samples of the underdrain water were also obtained throughout the time
of filling. The sludge and underdrain water have been analyzed (see paragraph
on Water Analysis Data on page 46) for chemical characterization along with
the solids content of the sludge.
After the pond was filled on September 2, 1977, settling data and
ultimate bearing capacity tests were made. These tests involved measuring the
moisture content and making penetrometer readings on selected parts of the
surface. All bearing capacity measurements were made with a Soiltest, Inc.
Model CN-988, penetrometer using a No. 1 probe having a cross-sectional area
of 0.33 in . The data taken during this phase are summarized in Table 7. For
comparison purposes, bearing capacity data taken at other ponds during the
same period are shown in Table 3. On September 21, 1977 the surface of the
settled clarifier underflow was also subjected to a wheeled vehicle test
i.e., a farm tractor weighing 4000 Ib. Two thirds of the surface was
sufficiently dewatered to support the tractor, but the tractor became mired in
the section that hadn't had sufficient time to drain (this was the area over a
sloped sidewall, which was not equipped with underdrainage).
Phase III: Placement of Gypsum Filter Cake
Ash-free gypsum filter cake, obtained from the same scrubber run,
was collected and transported by dump truck to the pond. This effort began
September 19 and progressed through September 28, 1977. The filter cake was
generated at a rate of 1 yd /hr. The material was loaded into a dump truck bv
a conveyor belt. During the daytime, a truck with maximum capacity of 8 yd*
was used. A larger truck, of 35-yd^ capacity, was used for the overnight run.
The material was transported and dumped, as the trucks became full, on a hold-
ing pad in the pond area. When sufficient material was accumulated, it was
loaded onto the pond by a crane with a clam shell bucket. The pond loading
with the crane was done Wednesday afternoon, Friday afternoon, Sunday morning
and Wednesday morning, September 21 through September 28, 1977. The pond and
the staging pile were kept covered at all times, and the truck loading was
suspended during a rainfall. The filter cake was dropped into the center of
the pond and built up into a natural pile until the peak reached a height of
approximately 10 ft above the settled clarifier underflow. Approximately
122 yd-5 of material was used. The final effort involved grading the perimeter
44
-------
TABLE 7. SETTLING AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF POND H
CLARIFIER UNDERFLOW (GYPSUM)
Date
9-6-77
9-7-77
9-12-77
9-13-77
9-14-77
9-28-77
Time
1300
0930
0900
0830
0715
1100
Settling Data
Surface
Level
ft, in.
3' 8"
3' 8"
3' 7.5"
3' 7. 5"
3' 7.5"
--
Water
Meter
gal.
44,720
44,720C
44. 724C
44, 726
44,973
--
Physical Characteristics
Solids Content*
Station
1
3
11
%
75.2
75.6
75. 10
Station
2
7
12
%
77.6
76.2
82.6
Raini
Station
5
8
15
Wide de
%
74.8
79. 1
73.3
ep cra<
Bearing Capacity
Station
1
3
11
ks.
ng and wet. No tests.
3
psi
240
135
180
330
Station
2
7
12
psi
156
180
135
Station
5
8
15
pel
165
240
30
•Jt
Analyses made on samples removed from the surface
of the settled clarifier underflow at the stations
indicated opposite:
All bearing strength tests made with Soiltest, Inc. , Model
CN-988 penetrometer using No. 1 needle. Penetrometer
probe was allowed to penetrate the surface material to a
depth of 1 in. Rain totalling 0. 7 in. occurred front 8/29 -
8/30/77, and 0.76 in. occurred on 9/27/77.
Underdrain samples taken for water analysis.
nderdrain
13
9
5
1
14
10
6
2
15
11
7
3
16
12
8
4
Pond
^^•—""Perimeter
Sample Station Location
-------
of the base of the filter cake so that the runoff from the pile would be chan-
neled Into the northeast corner and collected In a 5-gal plastic container.
The container has a 4-ln. pipe mounted on the side to carry off the excess
runoff. A sketch of Pond H is given in Figure 18.
Water Analysis Data
During the three filling phases of Pond H, samples were taken of
input liquor and underdrain water. The results of the analyses of these sam-
ples are discussed in Section VIII.
7.2 SCHEDULES
A series of schedules are regularly maintained for the project, in-
cluding an overall schedule and individual schedules for each pond. A com-
plete set of these schedules is contained in Reference 8.
7.3 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS
An essential part of the evaluation project is the sampling and
analysis of input waste materials, pond waters, groundwaters, and soil in the
pond bottoms. The supernate, leachate or underdrain, and groundwaters are
sampled and analyzed bimonthly for calcium, sulfate, sulfite, chloride, and
TDS as well as pH and selected trace elements (see Appendix A). The ground-
water is sampled from two locations for each pond, i.e., from a well near the
berm on the groundwater "downstream" side of the pond and from a point "up-
stream" of the pond at a distance approximately 100 ft away. Once each year
the leachate or underdrain is analyzed for a full chemical characterization in
accordance with Table 8.
Beginning in 1975, core samples have been taken semiannually of the
soil in the pond bottoms and of the sludge and soil interface for the three
ponds containing chemically treated sludges. The soil samples are analyzed
for moisture content, grain size, Atterberg limits, dry density, coefficient
of permeability, and concentration of major constituents. The chemically
treated sludge core samples are analyzed for physical properties, such as
permeability and unconfined compressive strength, and chemical characteris-
tics. An Instron unit, including a calibrated load cell, was used for deter-
mining unconfined compressive strength. The results of the sludge and soil
analyses are discussed in Sections 8.3 and 8.4. The locations at which core
samples have been taken in each pond are shown in Figures 19 through 23 for
Ponds B, C, D, E, and F, respectively. Core samples were not taken from
Pond A during its operation, primarily because of the proximity of the
groundwater to the pond bottom at that location. Coring has not been conducted
on Pond Al because of the restricted size (10 * 10 ft) of that pond, and
Ponds G and H have not been cored because of possible damage to the underdrain
piping system. It is planned that the latter two ponds be cored just prior to
being retired.
46
-------
TABLE 8. CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION PARAMETER LIST*
Aluminum
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Boron
Cadmium
Calcium
Total Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Silicon
Silver
Sodium
Tin
Vanadium
Zinc
Total Carbonate
Chloride
Fluoride
Sulfate
Phosphate
Total Nitrogen
Chemical Oxygen Demand
TDS
Total Alkalinity
Conductance, millimhos/cm
PH
Concentration: mg/^ unless otherwise indicated.
Item added per revision of 3-1-77.
47
-------
POND OUTLINE AT
CREST OF DIKE
(D 5/29/75
(2) 6/12/75
(3) 7/29/75
® 1/13/76
(D 7/7/76
® 3/16/77
(2) 9/28/77 (3samplesl
(D 8/17/78
Figure 19. Pond B core sample locations and dates.
-------
t
M
i
80
ft
T® 1
4 ft
20
rt I
1ir>
7
|
t
2-1/2 in.
-U
4 fl
t
1
J_k»»
4 ft 1
Tt
|
LVVC
&
2(
3ft
2M ..
4 ft-5 in.
21 ft-
^
»-
^
__@
10ft|—
64 ft
5 ft
H h
^)T^
-rP
^5ftTi
VNJ_L
«
•J
-• -
— ^
" »
i
*
i
i
.
•
7 ft-3 in.
7 ft-8 in.
8 ft-10 in.
H —
^-POND OUTLINE AT
CREST OF
— lOft-J
/7\
i 09
J,— llft-9in.
S3 r~13f1
i
i
DIKE
-9 in.
r— 5 ft-4 in.
(—5 ft-11 in.
1—6 ft-9 in.
133ft
— 9 ft-4 in.
"—4 ft
L-3ft
— 10 ft-9 in.
26
,
ft
CORE SAMPLE SOIL SAMPLE
© 2/27/75 Qy 9/28/77 (2 samples
0 5/29/75
(!) 6/12/75
® 7/29/75
(D 1/13/76 (2 samples)
(6) 7/7176 (2 samples)
3/16/77 (2 samples)
9/28/77 (3 samples)
8/17/78 (2 samples)
Figure 20. Pond C core and soil sample locations and dates.
A9
-------
POND OUTLINE AT
CREST OF DIKE
CORE SAMPLE
0 2/27/75
(2) 5/29/75
(D 1/13/76 (2 samples)
® 7/7/76
© 3/16/77
® 9/28/77
G) 8/16/78
-26 ft-8 in.
-26 ft-5-1/2 in.
Figure 21. Pond D core sample locations and dates.
50
-------
t
-POND OUTLINE AT
CREST OF DIKE
© 2/27/75
© 5/29/75
® 6/12/75
® 7/29/75
© 1/13/76 (2 samples)
® 7/7/76 (2 samples)
© 3/16/77 (2 samples)
® 9/28/77 (2 samples)
® 8/17/78 (after closure sample)
Figure 22. Pond E core sample locations and dates.
-------
N
\
i
S
c
-
* dfl f t
*- • HU 1 1
HEIGHT ^Q
MARKER^Fj
5ft~H
L
O £1
« — 3 ft
i
__3j^0
k-5 ft
. POND OUTLINE
AT CREST OF
DIKE PRIOR TO
PLACEMENT OF
/EARTH COVER
/
C 1-1
1» o
REFERENCE
STAKE
CORE SAMPLE
9/28/77 (2 samples)
8/17/78
Figure 23. Pond F core sample locations and dates.
52
-------
7.4 POMP CLOSURE (Retirement)
As another step in the evaluation project, two operational ponds
were selected for closure and further evaluation in that mode. The two ponds
selected were Pond E (chemically treated, Chemfix process) and Pond F (un-
treated, with underdrain). The purposes of the closure activity are to
(1) monitor the quantity and evaluate the characteristics of any seepage from
the ponds under conditions simulating the completion of the sludge disposal
process, (2) evaluate the structural stability of the soil cover, and (3) ob-
serve any effect of sludge uptake in the cover vegetation. Closure was imple-
mented by covering the ponds with soil indigenous to the site, compacting the
cover layer, sloping, and planting it with vegetation so that the soil cover
will shed rainfall without eroding. The pond leachate well or underdrain sys-
tem, as appropriate, will continue to be used for sampling and analysis of
leachate and underdrain water.
7.A.I Considerations for Closure of a Landfill
A number of factors were considered in developing the procedures for
closure of the two ponds (Refs. 9 and 10). Basically, these factors were in
two categories (1) environmental effects and (2) pond use factors, related, in
this case, to the use of the disposal-landfill site for power plant opera-
tions, e.g., equipment storage and maintenance, parking, activities involving
light structures, and park land usage.
Environmental Effects
For a sanitary landfill, the environmental effects related to
closure include provisions for controlling conditions affecting public health,
e.g., breeding of rodents, flies, and mosquitoes, control of gas migration,
and prevention of groundwater contamination by leachate seepage. Since the
material to date in the disposal ponds at Shawnee is inorganic, the only per-
tinent environmental factors are the control of seepage (which will be moni-
tored constantly and is expected to be minimal in quantity as a result of the
sloping and depth of the soil cover layer to be installed), and the control of
surface waters by use of the diversion ditches surrounding the ponds.
Use Characteristics
Characteristics of these waste materials affecting the end use of a
landfill include settling, load-bearing strength, effects of the leachate
chemistry on groundwater quality, and possible effects of sludge on plant
growth. As mentioned, leachate control is achieved with the earth cover and
surface water diversion ditches, and load-bearing capacity is measured prior
to and following the application of the soil cover. For purposes of this
evaluation, the soil cover depth is varied from 2 to 3 ft. In future activi-
ties, the minimum cover may be reduced 0.5 to 1.0 ft in order to evaluate pos-
sible seepage under minimum earth cover conditions and to evaluate effects on
vegetation.
53
-------
7.4.2 Procedures Used for Closure of Shawnee Ponds
Specific procedures were followed in the closure of Ponds E and F.
Site Preparation
On both ponds, all surface water was pumped off and all sludge cor-
ing holes were evacuated, filled, tamped, and sealed with clay. All limestone
rock was removed from the berms, both top and slopes, and disposed of away
from the evaluation site. In addition, the following steps were taken for
each pond.
Pond E. The leachate well casing was extended upward by 51 in.,
using a PVC collar and plastic cement sealer so that it was watertight at the
joint, and the leachate well was evacuated. The wooden pier was removed, and
temporary bracing was provided for the leachate well so that it would not be
disturbed during the earth filling operations. All stakes were removed. The
holes remaining from the pier supports and stakes were filled with clay and
tamped. The rock-free pond berms were cut down to an elevation of 2 ft above
the grade of the sludge at the leachate well location (Figures 24 and 25).
Dirt removed from the berms was placed in the pond as a part of the final
cover layer.
Pond F. The rock-free pond berms were graded to an elevation of one
foot above the grade of the sludge at the height marker stake (Figures 26 and
27). Dirt removed from the berms was also placed in the pond as part of the
final cover layer.
Placement of Earth Cover
Soil indigenous to the Shawnee site, including the soil removed from
the ponds during their original construction, was placed in the ponds to form
a final cover layer. The soil was sloped and compacted so that the finished
grade was 3 ft deep at the longitudinal centerline of Pond E and at the center
of Pond F, and 2 ft deep at the sludge-berm interfaces. Compaction was
achieved using an earth-mover weighing 65,000 Ib and equipped with rubber
tires. Compaction of at least five passes with the earth-mover was made twice
during earth filling, i.e., after half the cover height was reached and after
the final layer had been placed. The soil adjacent to the leachate well in
Pond E and the height marker in Pond F was tamped manually and by a gasoline-
driven tamper to achieve a tight seal. Drainage ditches were cleared and
graded on the periphery of both ponds to prevent the occurrence of standing
water adjacent to the ponds.
Planting and Fertilizing of Earth Cover
Upon completion of the grading and compacting of the earth cover
layer, the soil was planted with Kentucky No. 31 fescue at the rate of 6 to
8 lb/1000 ft2 and fertilized with a 6-24-24 fertilizer at the rate of
20 lb/1000 ft . The seed and fertilizer layer was covered with a protective
54
-------
en
3ft
-T— ^^
1
(20: 1 SLOPE)
38 ft *
T^
LEACHATE WELL-y
TOP OF BERM-7 / /
i [)r— it— IL>-
SLUDGE— J U
(a) BEFORE CLOSURE
-PIER
^
(20: 1 SLOPE)
cvTrmncn •• 38 ft —
3-ft EARTH ™SS
COVER LAYER-7 ^cn
y WtLL ^^—^»fl
/DRAINAGE
/ DITCH
ir—
ji s
2 ft
SLUDGE
(b) AFTER CLOSURE
Figure 24. Elevation view of Pond E.
-------
Ul
38ft
140 ft-
2:1 SLOPE
\
1
t
/ 1
SLUDGE LEVEL
(a) BEFORE CLOSURE
156 ft-
20:1 SLOPE
CE.
LEACHATE
-WELL
DRAINAGE DITCH
(FLOW INDICATED)
(b) AFTER CLOSURE
52ft
Figure 25. Plan view of Pond E.
-------
-40 ft
SLUDGE
SAND
(a) BEFORE CLOSURE
3-ft COVER
20:1 SLOPE
-ft COVER
DRAINAGE
DITCH
SAND
(b) AFTER CLOSURE
Figure 26. Elevation view of Pond F.
57
-------
\
N
56ft
EDGE OF NEW EARTH COVER
EXISTING TOP OF BERM-^
SLUDGE LEVEL-
\
HEIGHT
MARKER
\ •
L
|
—-, I
I
-40ft-
-56ft-
UNDERDRAIN SILO
TO EX ISTING
SURFACE DRAIN
Figure 27. Plan view of Pond F.
NEW
DRAINAGE
DITCH
58
-------
layer of straw and lightly watered to prevent wind erosion. In May 1978 and
every 3 months thereafter, the grass layer was top-dressed with ammonium ni-
trate (34-0-0) at the rate of 2 to 3 lb/1000 ft^ to maintain top cover growth.
7.4.3 Monitoring, Sampling, and Analysis
The leachate well in Pond E and the underdrain system in Pond F will
continue to be monitored as previously, i.e., the water depth and/or meter
reading will be taken weekly, and samples will be obtained and analyzed bi-
monthly as specified in the Test Plan (Ref. 8).
59
-------
SECTION VIII
RESULTS OF ANALYSES
During this reporting period, analyses were continued on water
samples from each pond, i.e., supernate (where applicable), leachate or under-
drain, runoff (Pond H), and groundwater. Likewise, analyses were made on core
samples (obtained by coring through the sludge and into the soil), as well as
leachate obtained from these sludge cores during the permeability tests.
Tests were also conducted on selected soil core samples removed from the pond
bottoms and from virgin soil samples in the vicinity of the ponds, to ascer-
tain the degree of penetration of soluble constituents from the sludge into
the soil. In addition, climatological and hydraulic data, which are taken
daily at the evaluation site, have been analyzed to investigate possible
weather effects on sludge waters or structural properties. The results of
this work are presented in the following paragraphs. A complete list of all
the water analyses including the data presented below, is given in Appendix
A. The procedures used in performing the chemical characterization and
physical properties analyses are described in detail in Appendix B.
8.1 UNTREATED SLUDGE
There are five ponds at Shawnee which contain untreated sludge,
i.e., Fond Al, lime absorbent, open ponding; Pond D, limestone absorbent, open
ponding; Pond F, limestone absorbent, with underdrain; Pond G, lime absorbent,
with underdrain; and Pond H, force-oxidized, limestone absorbent (gypsum) with
underdrain. (The fill data on these ponds are contained in Section VII and
summarized in Table 6 of that section.) Ponds Al and D are considered control
ponds since the open ponding of untreated sludge in soil indigenous to the
disposal site represents the simplest and least expensive disposal option.
g.1.1 Pond Al (Lime Absorbent)
Pond A was originally located west of the power plant and was dis-
continued in April 1976, when the area was needed for the expansion of the
coal pile. Sludge from Pond A was transferred to a new site (Pond Al), adja-
cent to the other ponds, in May 1976. A new groundwater well was constructed
at Pond Al in the spring of 1977 and has been monitored since that time. The
results of the analyses of water from both the old and new groundwater wells
for Pond A/A1 are shown in Figure 28. The concentration of dissolved solids
in the groundwater shows a gradual decline over the first three years, with a
temporary increase in TDS, calcium, and chloride concentrations near the end
61
-------
10001-
900
800
S 700
art
,- 600
I 500
a 400
o
° 300
200
100
POND A
DISCONTINUED 4/15176
POND Al
FILLED 5/10/76
IDS
JFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJ ASONDJ FMAMJJASONOJFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJASONDJ
1974 I 1975 I 1976 I 1977 I 1978
Figure 28. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond A/Al
ground-water.
-------
of 1977; however, this increase is not reflected in the sludge leachate
concentration of IDS. Typical TDS concentrations in the groundwater wells,
which were constructed and monitored prior to initiation of any of the dis-
posal ponds (i.e., in the vicinity of Ponds B, C, and E discussed in subse-
quent sections), are approximately 400 mg/£. Typical TDS concentrations in
Pond A/A1 groundwater well, as well as all other groundwater wells, were in
the range of 300 to 450 mg/Jt throughout the entire evaluation program. Thus,
it appears that the sludge did not have any effect on the concentration of
dissolved constituents in the groundwater. Occasionally, single data points
were obtained showing groundwater TDS concentrations at variance with typical
values (e.g., 150 and 900 mg/fc); however, these concentrations were short-
lived and subsequent values were in the typical value range.
The concentration of dissolved solids and major constituents in the
supernate of Pond A/A! were found to fluctuate as a result of rainfall and
evaporation, which is typical of supernate in all of the ponds. Over a 3-1/2-
year monitoring period, a gradual decrease of peak values of concentration in
TDS and major constituents has been observed and by mid-1978 the TDS concen-
tration dropped to less than 1000 mg/£, as compared to a concentration of
close to 6000 mg/£ in 1974 shortly after pond filling (Figure 29).
When Pond A was filled in 1974, the TDS concentration in the leach-
ate quickly increased to a level equivalent to the TDS concentration in the
input liquor. Since that time, the TDS concentration has steadily decreased
(Figure 30). With the exception of the sulfate concentration, which has re-
mained relatively constant throughout the 4-year monitoring period, the major
constituents in the leachate also decreased steadily. When the sludge mate-
rial was transferred from Pond A to Pond Al in 1976, there was no discernible
change in the decreasing trend of the TDS level. By mid-1978 the TDS concen-
tration had dropped to a level of approximately 2300 mg/fc; the chloride was
virtually depleted; the calcium concentration had dropped to approximately
800 rag/«.; and the sulfate concentration remained at a level of approximately
1400 mg/A.
The analyses of minor species in the Pond A/A1 leachate show that
the concentrations of boron, lead, selenium, and mercury have remained rela-
tively constant since pond filling, whereas the concentrations of magnesium
and arsenic have declined gradually. The concentrations of these minor spe-
cies plotted as a function of time are shown in Figure 31.
8.1.2 Pond D (Limestone Absorbent)
The analyses of the groundwater associated with Pond D consistently
show a somewhat higher concentration of chloride and TDS than the groundwater
associated with the other disposal ponds. The calcium and sulfate concentra-
tions have remained at a low level (less than 200 mg/fc) over the 4-year
monitoring period, while the chloride has fluctuated slightly around 300
mg/£ (Figure 32). The dissolved constituents in the Pond D leachate have
shown a decreasing trend since 1975, particularly chloride, which is now
virtually depleted. Therefore, it appears that the fluctuation in the level
63
-------
6000
5000 -
^ 4000 -
3000 -
I 2000
1000 -
I
I
POND A" I POND Al
DISCONTINUED] FILLED
4/15/76 I 5/10/76
JFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJASONOJ
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
Figure 29. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond A/A1
supernate.
-------
AVERAGE INPUT LIQUOR IDS • 8285 mg/i
9000,-
8000
7000
6000
-5000
54000
o
o
3000
2000
1000
POND A
DISCONTINUED 4/15/76
POND Al
FILLED 5/10/76
IDS
JFMAMJJASOTlDJ'FMAMJJASONOJFMAMJJASONUiFMAMJJASONQ.
1974 I 1975 I 1976 I 1977
F MA.MJ J A S 0 N DJ
1978
Figure 30. Concentration of TDS and major species in
Pond A/A 1 leachate.
65
-------
loo.ooon,
ON
ARSENIC
BORON
LEAD
MERCURT
FMIIITI
o
O .000.
1975
976
1977
1978
1979
1980
Figure 31. Concentration of minor species in Pond A/A1 leachate.
-------
19)0.
1230,
1000,
Of
UJ
o
a:
o
o
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
Figure 32. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond D
ground water.
-------
of dissolved solids in the groundwater is not a result of water from the
pond. In mid-1978, at the end of the current monitoring period, the IDS and
sulfate concentrations in the groundwater have shown a peak in concentration
similar to that experienced during mid-1976. However, subsequent data suggest
that this increase is reflecting a temporary condition.
The concentrations of IDS and major constituents in the supernate of
Pond D exhibit seasonal variations characteristically found in other ponds at
Shawnee (Figure 33). Over the 3-1/2-year monitoring period since 1974, the
peak concentrations of TDS in these cycles have gradually diminished, and in
mid-1978 dropped below 2000 mg/i. Sulfate is the main dissolved constituent,
at 1000 mg/Z with calcium showing less than 500 mg/Jt, and the chloride
virtually depleted.
The leachate in Pond D also showed a decrease in TDS immediately
after pond filling, and by the end of this reporting period had dropped to
2300 mg/fc from a value of just over 5000 mg/fc in late 1974 (plotted in
Figure 34). The chloride in the sludge is also virtually depleted, leaving
sulfate as the main constituent (1500 mg/£), and calcium at a level less than
1000 mg/£. The six minor species monitored in the Pond D leachate have shown
a slight decrease in magnesium and boron concentrations, whereas the
concentrations of arsenic, selenium, lead, and mercury remained relatively
constant except for slight seasonal variations. A plot of the results of the
analyses for minor species in the Pond D leachate is shown in Figure 35.
A plot of the Pond D leachate and supernate concentration, with
weekly precipitation as a function of time is given in Figure 36. Although a
direct correlation of supernate with rainfall cannot be made because of the
effects of dilution, evaporation, and periodic drawdown by the site mainten-
ance crew to prevent flooding of the access pier and the leachate well, the
fluctuation of supernate with weather is evident. More significantly, it can
be seen that the leachate is independent of supernate concentration after 1975
when the chloride is diminished to an insignificant value (Figure 34) and the
leachate is governed by sulfate solubility. During early 1975, the relatively
high values of chloride affected the leachate and supernate concentrations
although it is not obvious that the supernate was affecting leachate concen-
trations during that period. No correlation can be shown during the initial
period (late 1974) because the leachate was diluted by rainwater which existed
in the leachate well when the pond was originated (naturally occurring water
was allowed to remain in the well to simulate actual field conditions as much
as possible).
8.1.3 Pond F (Underdrained, Limestone Absorbent)
The groundwater from the two wells associated with Pond F has been
analyzed since March 1977, shortly after the pond was filled. Typical results
of these analyses, as plotted in Figure 37, show a TDS level of approximately
400 to 500 mg/£, chloride levels of approximately 100 mg/Jl or less, calcium at
50 mg/£, and a sulfate concentration of less than 20 mg/i. Results from the
68
-------
6000
Cl
JFMAMJJASOND J FMAMJJ ASONDTFMAMJJAS'OND JFMAMJJ A S "5 ND~~J FftfAMJ J AS ONDJ
1974 I 1975 I 1976 I 1977 I 1978
Figure 33. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond D
supernate.
-------
6000i-
5000 -
^ 4000 -
3000 -
o 2000
1000 -
AVERAGE INPUT LIQUOR TDS - 5373 mg/l
TDS
J F
MAMJJ ASONDJFMAMJ JASONOJFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJ
1974 I 1975 I 1976 I 1977 I 1978
Figure 34. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond D
leachate.
-------
toe. 0000,
10.0001
i.ooan
, 100.
Of.
LU
_J
\
IT
O
-------
1975
1976
Figure 36. Concentration of TDS in Pond D leachate and
supernate with rainfall.
72
-------
I Mi.
ear
60*.
Of.
UJ
I- «•-
/S,
CMLORIOE
TOS
SULFATE
CALClUn
cs
g
— 20*.
Ul
o
I
I I I I I I I
M I M I I I I I I I I M I I I M Ml I I I I
JFnftnJJASONOJFnAnjJASONDJFnAnJJASONDJFnAnjJASONOJFflAIIJJASONOJ
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
Figure 37. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond G
groundwater.
-------
analyses for six minor constituents also show no sign of unusual concentra-
tions or trends. Therefore, it appears that there have been no effects on the
groundwater as a result of dissolved constituents from the pond since (1) the
base is above 40 ft of highly "impermeable" clay, (2) the pond was exposed to
rain only nine months, and (3) there is a negligible hydraulic head on this
underdrained pond.
Analyses of the underdrain water from Pond F show that the IDS con-
centration dropped from an input value of 6700 mg/JJ (Table 9) to approximately
4000 mg/Jl within 3 months after the pond was filled (data plotted in Fig-
ure 38). Thereafter, the TDS concentration remained essentially constant at a
level of approximately 4000 mg/fc for a period of 6 additional months until the
pond was retired in November 1977. The pond has remained closed, and in May
1978 an analysis of an underdrain sample showed the TDS concentration down to
a level of 980 mg/£. This last data point may be a spurious test point, how-
ever, since the underdrain system was turned off at the time of pond closure
and the>-e was little or no drainage through the sludge to cause such a drastic
reduction in the TDS concentration. In any event, the underdrain mode shows a
rapid drop in dissolved constituents as compared to ponds not equipped with
underdrain systems. Of the six minor species monitored in the underdrain wa-
ter, arsenic, boron, lead, and mercury remained at rather constant concentra-
tions throughout, while magnesium showed an increase and selenium a decrease
in concentration (Figure 39 and Appendix A).
8.1.4 Pond G (Underdrained, Lime Absorbent)
The groundwater wells for Pond G were monitored from mid-1976 to
mid-1978 and show TDS concentrations of approximately 600 mg/£, or less,
throughout this 2-year period (Figure 40). These concentrations are typical
of those found in the groundwater wells of the other ponds in the area. The
six minor species also showed no unusual concentrations or trends. Thus, it
appears that there has been no effect on the groundwater as a result of
underdrain water in the pond.
The TDS concentration in the input liquor for Pond G showed an aver-
age of 14,000 mg/Jl, and analyses of the underdrain water show that within
6 months after filling the TDS concentration had dropped to levels between
2200 and 4300 mg/Jl. During the last 9 months of the monitoring period, from
September 1977 to June 1978, the TDS concentration decreased gradually from
2900 mg/Jl to 2300 mg/Jl (Figure 41). The six minor species monitored in the
Pond G underdrain showed no unusual concentrations or discernible trends (Fig-
ure 42) when compared with other sludges.
8.1.5 Pond H (Underdrained, Ash-Free Gypsum)
Pond H was filled with ash-free gypsum (both clarifier underflow and
filter cake) during August and September 1977 (Section 7.1.2). The ground-
water wells associated with Pond H were constructed and monitored prior to
pond filling, i.e., GWH2 in July 1976 and GWH1 in May 1977. The results of
the analyses conducted through mid-1978 show a TDS concentration of between
74
-------
TABLE 9. INPUT LIQUOR ANALYSIS
Pond
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
H
Sludge Type
Lime, filter cake
Limestone, clarifier
underflow
Lime, centrifuge cake
Limestone, clarifier
underflow
Limestone, clarifier
underflow
Limestone, clarifier
underflow, flyash
remixed
Lime, centrifuge cake.
flyash remixed and
layered
Limestone, gypsum
clarifier underflow
Limestone, gypsum
filter cake
Solids
Content,
%
46
38
55
38
38
47
47
33
86
pH
8.3
8.9
8.9
9.Z
9.4
\2.2
7.8
..
"
Concentration, mg//
Ca
2100
1060
2720
1880
1880
1990
150
1110
1510
so4
1525
1875
1575
1500
1400
1100
6600
1930
1875
Cl
4600
1850
4700
2950
2700
2000
3600
3500
6600
so3
4
3
45
56
32
__
._
..
~ ~
TD^
8560
5160
9240
6750
6190
6700
14000
9200
10756
As
0.024
0.004
0.002
0.004
0.004
0.002
0. 14
..
"
B
44
97
34
93
80
76
93
120
140
Pb
0.49
<0. 02
<0. 01
<0. 02
<0.01
<0. 01
<0. 01
..
""
Mg
290
2.5
33
50
12
0.3
5000*
540
1100
Na
..
17
46
56
41
70
12
62
116
Se
0.005
0.020
0.018
0.014
0.014
0.042
0.63
..
"
Hg
<0.0001
0. 0024
<0.0001
0.0003
0. 00033
<0. 0002
<0. 0002
..
"
CODb
-.
140
140
130
110
43
53
..
"
Total dissolved solids.
Chemical oxygen demand.
CMagnesia added to lime absorbent.
—Not determined.
-------
7000
POND FILLED
FEB77
6000
en
INPUT LIQUOR IDS - 6700 mg/l
5000 -
o
o
o 4000 -
3000
POND RETIRED
NOV77
0369
MONTHS AFTER POND FILLING
Figure 38. Concentration of TDS in Pond F underdrain
water.
76
-------
taa noon
10. OOOti
I.OOOO
. IOCU
XN
Of. :
UJ
t-
_i
cs .oidii
n :
**
g ;
»-
-------
00
1000
900
800
*l 700
E*
_,- 600
o
i 500
I
a 4oo
o
° 300
200
100
0
v IDS
O Cl
A SO
• Ca
JFMAMJJASONOJ FMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJASONDJ
1974 I 1975 I 1976 I 1977 I 1978
Figure 40. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond G
groundwater.
-------
\O
cn
. 10,000 -
O
o
1,000
0
POND FILLED
OCT76
6 9 12 15
MONTHS AFTER POND FILLING
21
Figure 41. Concentration of TDS in Pond G underdrain.
-------
00
o
JOO. 01
10.0000
1.0001
ca
.0100
.001
MM"! I I I I I I I I I I I
I I I I I I I I I I I
I I I I I I I I I I I
X
m
AMEN 1C
IORON
LEAD
HEROMT
«ri ruun
I I I I I I I I I I I
1977
1978
1979
.1980
1981
Figure 4Z. Concentration of minor species in Pond G underdrain.
-------
300 and 450 mg/A, with a corresponding steady level of dissolved constituents
(Figure A3)• The six minor constituents likewise show no unusual trends or
concentrations. This suggests that the underdrain water has had no discerni-
ble effect on the groundwater beneath Pond H, as expected.
Inasmuch as Pond H has both gypsum clarifier underflow in the under-
drained portion of the pond topped with 122 yd-* of gypsum filter cake, both
underdrain and runoff are sampled and analyzed. When the pond was filled with
clarifier underflow in August 1977, the average TDS concentration in the input
liquor was 9200 mg/fc; the filtrate sampled in September 1977 showed a TDS
concentration of 10,786 rag/A. The underdrain water showed a sharp decrease in
the TDS concentration within a 2-raonth interval, and after 9 months of moni-
toring the TDS level had dropped to 3500 mg/4. The runoff showed a TDS con-
centration of between 2500 and 3200 mg/A within 2 months after pond filling
and lasting through mid-1978 (Figure 44). However, the runoff showed a wide
variation in TSS, with values ranging between 4 and 309 rag/A. This variation
is to be expected as filter cake material erodes from weathering and fresh
material is periodically exposed to rainfall. The results of the analyses of
six minor species in the Pond H underdrain water are shown in Figure 45.
Arsenic, lead, and mercury remain at near constant levels during the 10 months
of monitoring after the pond was filled. Boron and magnesium concentrations
show variations by a factor of 2 or 3, but both show a slight decreasing trend
from their respective levels in the input liquor. Selenium shows a gradually
decreasing concentration, and by mid-1978 had dropped an order of magnitude
from the initial level at the time of pond filling 10 months earlier. A
summary of typical concentrations of major and minor species in Pond H
underdrain and runoff samples is shown in Table 10. These samples were taken
between March and June 1978, roughly 6 months after placement of the gypsum
sludge in the pond.
8.1.6 Physical Characteristics
The physical properties considered in the disposal of FGD sludges
include bulk density, water retention characteristics, load-bearing strength,
porosity, permeability, and viscosity. The latter is important in the trans-
port of the sludge to a disposal site, and the others concern the weight and
volume of the disposal material, as well as the suitability of the waste as a
load-bearing material and deterrent to seepage in a disposal site.
The physical properties of FGD sludges are dependent upon the char-
acteristics of both the liquid and the solid constituents, as well as the in-
teraction between them. The lime and limestone scrubber wastes contain four
principal crystalline phases: calcium sulfite, calcium sulfate, fly ash, and
unreacted limestone or precipitated calcium carbonate. In many cases, the
sulfite phase also contains small fractions of sulfate crystals. However, the
presence of the sulfate has not yet been found to affect the basic properties
of the sludge.
81
-------
00
N>
1000
900
800
*j 700
C7>
^ 600
o
i 5°°
1
a 400
o
0
300
200
100
v TDS
O Cl
A SO*
• Ca
JFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJASONDJ
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
Figure 43. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond H
groundwater.
-------
oo
10.000
UNDERDRAIN
POND H DATA:
• LIMESTONE ABSORBENT
. FILLED WITH CLARIFIER UNDERFLOW
ASH-FREE GYPSUM, AUG 77
. ADDITIONAL FILLING OF GYPSUM
FILTER CAKE, SEP 77, CONTAINING 12%
(dry basis) UNREACTED LIMESTONE
• UNDERDRAINED POND (underlainage
closed after filter cake deposit)
• INPUT LIQUOR TDS :
CLARIFIER UNDERFLOW, 9200 mg/1
FILTRATE, 10,786 mglt
6 8 10
MONTHS AFTER POND FILLING
12
14
16
Figure 44. Comparison of TDS concentration in the underdrain water
and runoff of Pond H.
-------
00
ion. OOOB,
IM.nU
10.0001
1.0001
4,
I II I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I M M I II I I I
X
A
X
ARSENIC
IQRON
LEAD
ntRCURT
D
SELENIUM
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
Figure 45. Concentration of minor species in Pond H underdrain.
-------
TABLE 10. SUMMARY OF TYPICAL CONCENTRATIONS OF
MAJOR AND MINOR SPECIES IN POND H UNDER-
DRAIN AND RUNOFF SAMPLESa
(Concentrations in mg//)
Underdrain
Runoff
Chloride
Sulfate
Calcium
TDS
Arsenic
Boron
Lead
Magnesium
Mercury
Selenium
Sodium
Potassium
Fluoride
TSS
1300
1200
600
3500
0.006
30
0.20
280
0.0012
0.005
60
30
2.0
Not measured
7-500
1400
600
2200
0.030
0. 5-- 27. 0
0.30
5-160
0.0015
0.0004
3.0
3.0
2.3
4-309
Sampled in March 1978, six months after placement of the
material on the site.
Results from TVA on duplicate samples in this time
interval ranged from 130 - 720 mg// TSS.
85
-------
Water Retention and Bulk Density
The water retention or, conversely, the dewatering characteristics
of FGD wastes are important to the various disposal techniques in that they
affect the volume of the disposal basin, the waste handling methods, and the
condition of the wastes in their final disposal state. Bulk density is, then
a consequence of the dewatering characteristics of a sludge.
The effectiveness of the dewatering method used and the ability of a
sludge to be dewatered are a function of a number of solids characteristics,
including the size and distribution of particles, and the crystalline struc-
ture of the particles, which are a function of the system, as well as its op-
erating parameters. Data for four dewatering methods are reported: settling,
settling by free drainage, vacuum filtration, and centrifugation. The results
are based on laboratory experiments.
The highest density is obtained principally by vacuum-assisted
filtration in most sludges and by centrifugation in a few cases. In all
cases, relatively small density differences result from these two dewatering
methods.
In most sludges, there is very little difference in the density when
dewatered by settling or by settling combined with free drainage. While free
draining may not produce a significant increase in bulk density, the slight
gain coupled with the associated higher solids content may in some cases sig-
nificantly increase load-bearing strength.
Generally, the wet-bulk density ranged from a low of approximately
1.5 g/cra3 (94 lb/ft3) for settled sludges to a high of 1.65 g/cm3 (103 lb/ft*)
for vacuum filtered (Table 11). Drained and centrifuged values were interme-
diate to these extremes, with drained being slightly higher than the settled
and centrifuged slightly lower than filtered. These values were obtained un-
der laboratory conditions and may not necessarily be representative of results
obtained from the use of commercial dewatering equipment.
Compressive and Load-Bearing Strength
The structural characteristics of wet FGD sludge affect its use
where land reclamation is desired. Unconfined compressive strength of un-
treated wastes are low, and generally no specific values are reported because
the material is usually too soft to measure. However, dewatering can produce
improved structural qualities.
Load-bearing strength when plotted as a function of solids content
exhibits a point above which the strength increases rapidly to values well
above the minimum for safe access of personnel and equipment. However, the
critical concentration appears to be unique for each type of sludge tested.
In addition to providing data and load-bearing strengths of lime and limestone
sludges (with and without fly ash), Figure 46 illustrates the effect of the
absorbent and fly ash on dewatering characteristics. As contrasted to lime
86
-------
TABLE 11. BULK DENSITIES OF FGD WASTES
oo
Sample
Source
and
Date
Shawnee
Limestone,
2/1/73
Shawnee
Limestone,
6/15/74
Shawnee
Lime,
3/19/74
Shawnee
Lime,
9/8/76
Shawnee
Lime,
9/8/76
Fly Ash.
wt% (dry)
20
40
40
40
~ 0
Dewatering Method
Settled
Solids, %
49
53
42
45
47
Density,
g/cc
1.45
1.46
1. 34
1. 34
1. 37
Settled and
Drained
Solids, %
56
58
43
58
51
Density,
g/cc
1. 51
1.53
1.36
1.50
1.41
Centrifuge
Solids, %
60
63
50
53
48
Density,
g/cc
1.56
1.60
1.44
1.44
1. 38
Filter
Solids, %
65
66
56
61
57
Density,
g/cc
1.65
1. 64
1. 51
1.54
1.49
aUsing laboratory equipment.
-------
250,_
00
oo
SHAWNEE, 6% FLY ASH - 9/8/76
SHAWNEE, 40% FLY ASH - 9/8/76
SCHOLZ, WITHOUT FLY ASH - 6/20/76
SCHOLZ, 30% FLY ASH - 6/27/76
PADDY'S RUN, 12% FLY ASH -
PHILLIPS, 60% FLY ASH - 6/17/74
CHOLLA, 59% FLY ASH - 4/1/74
GADS BY, 9% FLY ASH -8/9/74
SHAWNEE, WITHOUT FLY ASH - 11/30/76
SHAWNEE, 40% FLY ASH - 11/30/76
RTP GYPSUM*. WITHOUT FLY ASH - 12/4/75
RTP GYPSUM*, 40% FLY ASH - 9/30/75
ABSORBENT
L - LIME
DA - DOUBLE ALKALI
CL - CARBIDE LIME
LS - LIMESTONE
* - CONTAINS 5%
SULFITE
60 70
SOLIDS CONTENT, weight %
80
90
Figure 46. Load-bearing strength as a function of moisture, fly ash
content, and sludge origin.
-------
limestone sludges are capable of being dewatered to higher solids contents;
however, lime sludges generally attain high bearing strengths at lower solids
content than limestone sludges. The presence of fly ash enhances dewatering
in both types of sludges. For any specific solids content of a given sludge,
the load-bearing strength is less with fly ash than without.
The load-bearing strength of untreated sludges in undrained ponds,
such as A and D, has been too low to support personnel (air-drying produced
adequate strength in Pond A, but it was lost upon rewetting). In preparation
for the filling of Pond G, laboratory tests were conducted on ash-free lime
sludge filter cake, remixed with fly ash in a quantity representing 40 wt% of
total solids; samples were allowed to settle or drain to obtain bearing-
strength measurements as a function of draining time. The test results show
that undrained settling alone would not produce bearing strengths above 40 psi
after a settling time of 13 days. Samples which were allowed to drain, how-
ever, showed significant increases in bearing strength within a short period
of time. For example, samples in which half the fly ash was remixed in the
sludge and the other half placed in layers showed bearing strengths of greater
than 20 psi in 12 hr and greater than 50 psi in 24 hr. The layering config-
uration was selected for the filling of Pond G, and it was demonstrated during
filling that personnel could walk, on the surface between 2 and 10 hr after the
sludge and fly ash had been placed in the pond. Field evaluations of under-
drained ponds of lime and limestone sludges have shown that these materials
are capable of supporting light construction equipment within 12 hr after a
heavy rain. High bearing capacity in excess of 100 psi were reached (Table
12). However, the need for layering sludge with fly ash may not be necessary;
e.g., Pond F, which is not layered and has lower bearing capacity properties
than Pond G, is nevertheless capable of supporting personnel and light
construction equipment.
Laboratory analyses have indicated that limestone sludges produced
at Shawnee typically have load-bearing strengths superior to that of Pond F.
Therefore, further study will be conducted on bearing strength as a function
of absorbent usage, scrubber operating parameters, resultant crystalline
structure, and moisture content after drainage.
permeability
The pollution potential of sludge liquor seeping into groundwaters
is governed by the mobility of leaching waters. This mobility is limited by
the coefficient of permeability of the various media through which this leach-
ate must pass.
The permeation rate of leaching waters through the sludge defines an
upper limit to the amount of leachate that enters the subsoil. The amount of
liquid and the level of contamination of this liquid are jointly responsible
for the pollution potential of any given waste disposal site.
The permeability coefficient of untreated wastes containing fly ash
is approximately 2 x 10"^ cm/sec (Table 13). The permeability coefficient of
untreated sludges has been shown to be a function of the volume fraction of
89
-------
TABLE 12. SLUDGE ULTIMATE BEARING STRENGTH
Pond and
Absorbent
Pond B,b330
240-300
Data taken in August 1977 within 24 hr following a 3. 3-in. rainfall.
Pond B covered by 4 in. of water.
"Chemically treated.
Tests for Pond H made on settled and drained clarifier underflow.
90
-------
TABLE 13. PERMEABILITY OF SHAWNEE SLUDGES'
Sludgeb
Lime
Limestone
Void Fraction
0.75
0.69
Permeability
Coefficient, cm/ sec
1.8 x 10"4
2.0 x 10"4
Reference 4.
DA11 samples contain fly ash (40 wt %) (dry).
TABLE 14. EFFECT OF COMPACTION ON PERMEABILITY
OF UNTREATED SLUDGE
Sludge
Lime
Limestone
Void Fraction
0.75
0.68
0.60
0.54
0.69
0.56
P e rm e ability
Coefficient, cm/sec
1. 8 x 10~4
6.0 x 10"5
1.4x 10"5
7.3 x 10"6
2.0 x 10"4
6. Ox 10"5
91
-------
solids in the waste. These values are intermediate to typical values for
silty sand and sandy clay, which are 10~* cm/sec and 5 * 10~6 cm/sec, respec-
tively (Ref. 2).
Consolidation of untreated wastes in a column open at the base, un-
der pressures of 30 to 100 psi, reduced the void fraction and also reduced
permeability coefficients by a factor of from 2 to 5 (Table 14). The higher
solid volume fraction, resulting from compaction or consolidation, and the
resultant decrease in permeability appears to be a function of the size of the
sludge particles and the size and distribution of the fly ash particles. Con-
solidation of untreated sludge at the base of a 40-ft deep disposal site may
decrease permeabilities to about 10~5 cm/sec as compared with 10~4 cm/sec at
the surface.
Chemical treatment tends to reduce permeability by less than a fac-
tor of 2 in some cases and by several orders of magnitude in others.
Viscosity
The viscosity of the sludge is indicative of its pumpability, which
affects both the mode and cost of sludge transport. The results of viscosity
tests for various sludges from the Shawnee test facility show that easily
pumpable mixtures (less than 20 poise) range from a high solids content of
55 wt% to a low solids content of 40 wt% (Figure 47).
The wastes produced in FGD systems contain finely divided partic-
ulate matter suspended in an aqueous medium and consist of three major phases
having markedly different morphologies: calcium sulfite hemihydrate, calcium
sulfate dihydrate, and fly ash. It is both the particle size distribution and
phase morphology that are believed to influence the viscosity of the sludges.
Both calcium sulfate and sulfite scrubber waste products tend to
have particle sizes in the same range as fly ash, i.e., between 1 and 100 ym.
However, fly ash is formed as spheres, while sulfite wastes are platelets
(limestone) or rosettes (lime) and sulfates are blocky in shape. Unreacted
CaCO-j from the limestone (or precipitated from the lime process) is usually
present in the waste and contributes an additional shape parameter. The data
clearly suggest that fly ash decreases the viscosity of a sludge, e.g., the
effect of limestone sludge containing 40, 20, and 1% fly ash and lime with 40
and 1% fly ash (Figure 47). It was also observed that the presence of fly ash
has a more marked effect on limestone sludge than on lime sludge in reducing
viscosity.
8.1.7 Underdrain Design
An analysis of an underdrain design was conducted to determine an
understanding of the major components necessary to estimate the system costs.
The analysis provided an estimation of seepage rate through the untreated
sludge and subsoil for a system vented to the atmosphere, calculation of drain
92
-------
CURVE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
SLUDGE FLY
CM PARMA DOUBLE ALKALI
UPL GADSBY DOUBLE ALKALI
TVA SHAWNEE LIME
DLC PHILLIPS LIME
TVA SHAWNEE LIMESTONE
TVA SHAWNEE LIMESTONE
TVA SHAWNEE LIMESTONE
LG&E PADDY'S RUN CARBIDE LIME
TVA SHAWNEE LIME
TVA SHAWNEE LIMESTONE
GPC SCHOLZ SODA ASH DOUBLE ALKALI
GPS SCHOLZ SODA ASH DOUBIE ALKALI
TVA SHAWNEE LIME
ASH, *
7.4
8.6
40.5
59.7
20.1
40.1
40.9
12.4
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
30.0
40.0
DATE
7/18/74
8/9/74
3/19/74
6/17174
2/1/73
6/15/74
7/11/73
7/76
9/8/76
9/28/76
6/20/76
6/27/76
9/8/76
120
100
o
a.
. 80
£
CO
O
O
5 60
40
20
30
40 50 60
SOLIDS CONTENT, WEIGHT *
70
Figure 47. Viscosity of Shawnee FGD sludges.
93
-------
pipe spacing for horizontal and sloped pond bottoms, and an evaluation of five
alternative perforated-pipe and sand-layer designs.
The estimation of seepage rates through sludge layers in waste dis-
posal ponds and into the subsoil utilized a simplified relationship neglecting
evaporation, capillary effects, and interference with the natural water table.
The analysis assumed a quasi-steady flow through a saturated medium at rates
governed by Darcy's law.
Characteristic drain times and seepage rates were estimated for
sludge Layer thickness in a 6-ft deep model (Pond F) and a full-scale, 30-ft
deep pond. Sludge drainage rates are in the vicinity of 1.5 x io~* cm/sec.
In order to prevent the buildup of rainfall and input liquor within and on top
of the sludge layer, the design rate of seepage removal at the bottom of the
pond must exceed the rate at which water is introduced. Based on an average
rainfall rate of 4.3 x 10~° cm/sec (2.54 cm/wk) and scrubber output on the
pond of 4.9 x 10~5 cm/sec (1600 gpm) water, the seepage is about three times
the input rate. Even during heavy rain storms (say, 20 cm/wk), when under-
drain is provided, water would not accumulate on top of the sludge. If such a
condition were to exist whereby the scrubber could not accept the total seep-
age, water would merely be allowed to accumulate and then drawn down in the
future as allowed by the scrubber.
Seepage into the subsoil was estimated assuming various hydrostatic
pressure heads at the pond and subsoil interface and no interference with the
natural water table. If, for example, the subsoil coefficient of permeability
were 10~° cm/sec, the penetration with underdrainage would be 14 in./yr in the
vicinity of the trenches holding the drainage pipes, which may be approxi-
mately 10 x 10 in. and as much as 100 ft apart or greater; penetration of the
soil between the drain trenches would be negligible because the water would be
only a film on the base of the pond. By comparison, the subsoil seepage from
a similar pond without underdrains would be about 6 ft/yr from the entire pond
bottom. Considering the depth of seepage and the pond base area contributing
to the seepage, the underdrained pond would release about 0.16% as much water
as the nondrained pond. Additionally, the underdrained pond would be closed,
capped, and reclaimed after about 2 years, thereby preventing future seepage.
The use of varying soil permeability was considered. For example, a
soil coefficient of permeability of about 10 cm/sec, which is considered
highly impermeable, would constitute a pond lining. The value of underdrain-
age with a pond soil such as that is that the underdrainage would dewater the
sludge to a point at which it would be structurally sound. If the soil k were
10" , indicating a highly porous soil, the seepage at the drain trenches would
be about 12 ft in one year, at which time the pond could be closed and capped.
The second analysis considered the maximum spacing between drains
for several cases. Dupuit/Forchheimer and Boussinesq assumptions (Refs. H
through 14) were used with Darcy's Law to create a seepage model with replen-
ishment, which was used to derive drain spacing relationships with various
layer depths to be installed beneath a disposal pond. The height of the
-------
water-void boundary surface in the sand as a function of the horizontal coor-
dinate was obtained for both level and slightly inclined beds by expanding the
solutions as a perturbation series in powers of the bed slope. For example,
using a one-foot thick sand layer and following the requirement that the theo-
retical water level in the drains be zero, the maximum spacing between drains
in a horizontal base was found to be 133 ft, while in a base inclined at a 1%
slope, the maximum spacing is increased to 240 ft.
The five alternative perforated-pipe and sand-layer designs were
used in combination with price lists for materials and labor to select the
final cost-minimizing design. A summary of optimum design characteristics
(assuming no safety factor) for three sand-layer thickness, 3.5, 2.0 and
1.0 ft, are shown in Table 15. For the last two thicknesses, sand layers with
horizontal beds and with beds alternately sloped at 1% toward the field drains
were examined as subcases, whereas the 3.5-ft case was examined for the sloped
condition only.
Inclining the base at 1% toward the drains reduces the number (and
liner feet) of drainpipes required by a factor of about 2, because it in-
creases the allowable spacing between drains. It also doubles the discharge
that must be carried by the drain, but the pipe diameter needed for the hori-
zontal sand layer designs is also large enough to carry the increased dis-
charge from the sloped layers.
In a comparison of the various designs, the costs of grading the
sand-layer bed, trenching, and gravel were also considered. For example, it
might appear that, because Design lib required only 2400 ft of 6-in. pipe
while Ila requires 4800 ft, the former is the more economical design. How-
ever, Design lib calls for accurately grading the sand-layer bed to alternat-
ing slopes every 300 ft, while Ila requires only that the bed be graded hori-
zontally. The incremental cost of specialized grading may offset the cost of
an additional 2400 ft of perforated pipe.
A water balance of an underdrained disposal pond is presented in de-
tail in a companion report (Ref. 4), which describes the portion of the Aero-
space effort concerned with sludge characterization and assessments of dis-
posal alternatives. In the underdrain system, all rainfall on the disposal
pond, except that which evaporates, becomes part of the scrubber water loop,
which effectively reduces the normal amount of fresh makeup water. The net
effect on the water balance is to increase the concentration of chloride in
the scrubber loop.
The amount of chloride increase can depend on the pond size, amount
of evaporation and rainfall, degree of settling of the sludge material, and
amount of chlorine in the coal and can be limited by the rate of return of the
pond underdrain water to the scrubber. These factors will be considered in
more detail in the final Shawnee Report. Preliminary analysis has shown,
however, that if ponds are constructed so that the working section is the size
required to accommodate roughly a 2-year supply (50 acres) of oxidized sludge
95
-------
TABLE 15. SUMMARY OF OPTIMUM DESIGNS FOR
DIFFERENT SAND LAYERS
Design
Sand-layer thickness, f*
Bed slope, %
No. of drains
Drain spacing, ft
3
Drain discharge, ft /sec
Diameter of drain d , in.
Slope of drain, %
Total length required, ft
3
Header discharge* ft /sec
Diameter of header, in.
Slope of header, %
Total length of header, ft
Volume of sand, ft
Ib
3.5
1.0
--
--
--
--
--
--
8.
0.5
2400.
S.OxlO6
Ila
2.0
0
4
300.
0.059
6
0.5
4800.
0.236
8.
0.5
2100.
2.9xl06
lib
2.0
1.0
2
600.
0. 118
6
0.5
2400.
0.236
8.
0.5
1800.
2.9xl06
Ilia
1.0
0
9
133.
0.026
4
0.5
10,800.
0.236
8.
0.5
2300.
I.4xl06
Illb
1.0
1.0
5
240.
0.047
4
0.5
6000.
0.236
8.
0.5
2160.
1.4xl06
Assumed Values: q = 10 cm/sec
k = 0. 1 cm/sec
M = 0. 02 sec/ft
t = 4 in.
1/3
(replenishment rate)
(sand conductivity)
(friction factor)
(thickness allowance for
sludge infilt.into sand layer)
In Case 1, drain pipe and header are the same.
96
-------
from a 1000-MWe station, the chloride concentration, being 5000 mg/fc without
underdrainage, would go steady state at about 8400 mg/£. (For simplicity, it
was conservatively assumed that all chloride in the scrubber loop, including
the pond, is in solution.) This steady-state condition would remain through-
out the life of the first pond. New ponds would then be added to thesystem.
Each pond would be closed in succession to disallow further infiltration of
rainwater into the scrubber loop.
A temporary increase in chloride concentration can be expected after
each pond transfer because of the partial replacement of makeup water with
drainage water from the previous pond. The amount will depend upon the degree
of settling and flow of the drainage. For example, a settling of from 74%
solids to 80% solids (such as observed in Pond H after clarifier underflow
filling) over 0.2 years would yield a temporary concentration of chloride of
about 14,700 mg/Jl. However, this concentration would decrease to a new
steady-state concentration slightly in excess of 9000 mg/£ for each new
pond. After about six transfers, a new overall steady-state concentration of
chloride would be reached at 9100 mg/fc of chloride. A short survey of
scrubber suppliers has not revealed a design upper limit for chloride because
the scrubbers are now all protected against corrosion. Calcium sulfate
concentrations (the major constituent of TDS) are in chemical equilibrium in
the scrubber/disposal pond system. An increase of chloride does not appear to
significantly alter the sulfate balance.
8.2 TREATED SLUDGE
Three ponds are being evaluated at Shawnee which have been filled
with chemically treated material. Pond B was filled in April 1975 with clari-
fier underflow (limestone absorbent), treated by the Dravo Corporation.
Pond C was also filled in April 1975, with centrifuge cake (lime absorbent),
treated by IU Conversion Systems, Inc. Pond E was filled in December 1974
(limestone absorbent), with clarifier underflow treated by Chemfix, Inc. The
filling operations and treatment details are described in Ref. 1, and the re-
sults of the analyses of the input liquor to those ponds is shown in Table 9.
The configuration of Pond E was changed in November 1977 when the supernate
was drained from the pond and the pond was filled with soil, compacted, and
graded (Section 7.4). The leachate well at Pond E, which was drained at the
time of pond closure, has been monitored since that time whenever a small
quantity of seepage occurred.
8.2.1 Pond B Water Analyses
The two groundwater wells associated with Pond B have been monitored
over a 3-year period and show no unusual trends or concentrations. The TDS
concentration has varied slightly but has remained essentially constant in a
range of between 450 and 550 mg/H (Figure 48). The chloride, sulfate, and
calcium concentrations have also been relatively constant, except that chlo-
ride has shown a slight decrease and one sulfate reading was higher than
usual. The six minor species have likewise remained relatively constant over
the 3-year period. Therefore, it appears that there has been no effect on the
97
-------
vO
CD
I I I I I II I I I I I
JFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJASONOJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJASONDJ
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
Figure 48. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond B
groundwater.
-------
groundwater from the waters in Pond B, as expected, because of the Impermea-
bility of the soil.
Immediately after pond filling, the supernate in Pond B had a IDS
concentration equivalent to that of the input liquor, after which the TDS con-
centration dropped sharply. Over the 3-year monitoring period, the TDS level
and the concentrations of associated dissolved constituents have fluctuated as
the quantity of supernate increased or decreased as a result of weather (Fig-
ure 49). Sulfate is the major dissolved constituent, followed by calcium.
Chloride has been virtually depleted in the supernate since approximately one
year after pond filling.
A plot of Pond B leachate and supernate concentration with precipi-
tation as a function of time is given in Figure 50. As described in Sec-
tion 8.1.2 for Pond D, it is assumed that the leachate concentrations are not
affected by supernate concentrations, but with one exception: As shown in
Figure 50, the supernate and leachate concentrations converged to an equal
value in May 1976. It is believed that because of a coring accident during
which a large pit was excavated in the vicinity of the leachate well, a break-
through in the sludge occurred and allowed a direct flow of supernate to the
leachate well. As a result, a new leachate well was installed at the opposite
end of the pond, and, as shown in Figure 50, the leachate concentration re-
turned to the level that existed prior to the breakthrough. It is assumed
that the rupture repaired itself because later in 1975 the leachate concentra-
tions in the original well decreased to about the same level as before the
rupture.
The TDS concentration in the leachate of Pond B has been relatively
constant at about 2800 mg/fc during the 3 years the pond has been evaluated
(Figure 51). The concentration of the six minor species monitored in the
leachate have not shown significant changes throughout the 3-year period
(Figure 52).
8.2.2 Pond C Water Analyses
The groundwater wells monitored at Pond C have shown results typical
of the other groundwater wells at the site. Except for a brief period in
1975, the level of TDS has remained close to 400 mg/£, and the major dissolved
constituents have likewise shown no unusual trends or concentrations (Fig-
ure 53). The six minor species being monitored also showed no unusual concen-
trations. Therefore, it appears that the sludge in Pond C has had no effect
on the groundwater.
The supernate in Pond C shows a typical weather-induced fluctuation
in the TDS concentration and major constituents (Figure 54). The TDS level
reached a peak of approximately 4500 mg/Z. (one-half the concentration of the
input liquor) one year after pond filling. Since that time the concentrations
of the repetitive peaks have gradually decreased. Chloride has been virtually
depleted since May 1977 (2 years after pond filling), leaving sulfate and cal-
cium as the major dissolved constituents.
99
-------
60001-
5000
~L 4000
o
t—
I
LU
C_)
O
o
o
3000
2000
1000
_ pi I
. . I I 1 1 I I I 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I V*\ UTi M>fybw-1 I i I I •O*^-vi-q%«--»-gXi(-i^^
-------
1976
1977
1978
Figure 50. Concentration of TDS in Pond B leachate and supernate with
rainfall.
-------
o
ro
OIL
6000|-
5000 -
4000 -
3000 -
INPUT LIQUOR IDS BEFORE TREATMENT = 5685 mg/l
o 2000
1000 _
TDS
JFMAMJJASONOJ FMAMJJ ASONOJFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJ ASONDJ FMAMJJASONDJ
1974 I 1975 I 1976 I 1977 I 1978
Figure 51. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond B
leachate.
-------
ARSENIC
I WON
I €00
nERCURT
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
Figure 52. Concentration of minor species in Pond B leachate.
-------
1000
900
800
*. 700
E*
_,- 600
o
< 500
£ 400
o
° 300
200
100
v IDS
O Cl
A SO
JFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMjJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJASONDJ
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
Figure 53. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond C
groundwater.
-------
o
Ul
6000.-
3000
7-L 4000
5 3000
Q£
UJ
o 2000
1000
I ^
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
IDS
'JFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJ ASONOJ FMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJASONDJ
1974 I 1975 I 1976 I 1977 I 1978
Figure 54. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond C
supernate.
-------
The IDS concentration in the leachate of Pond C reached a maximum
shortly after pond filling in April 1975 of 4700 mg/Jl (approximately one-half
that of the input liquor). Since that time the IDS concentration has gradu-
ally decreased until, in mid-1978, it had dropped to 2500 mg/Jl (Figure 55).
Chloride is very nearly depleted, and sulfate and calcium are at levels of
1500 and 800 mg/Jl, respectively. Of the six minor species monitored, arsenic
lead, magnesium, mercury, and selenium have all remained at essentially con-
stant concentrations, whereas boron has shown a slight decreasing trend during
the last six months of the monitoring period (Figure 56).
8.2.3. Pond E Water Analyses
Monitoring of the groundwater wells for Pond E began in August 1974,
some 4 months prior to pond filling. The results through June 1978 show that
the TDS concentration and the concentrations of dissolved constituents have
remained at constant levels throughout (Figure 57). The six minor species
show no unusual concentrations or trends. It can be concluded, therefore,
that the sludge in Pond E has had no discernible effect on the groundwater.
The supernate on Pond E was sampled and analyzed starting several
months after pond filling in February 1975 and continuing until the pond was
closed in November 1977. During that time the TDS concentration, and the
concentrations of the dissolved constituents, varied with weather, as is
typical of supernate (Figure 58). The peak levels reached by the TDS con-
centration during that time was approximately 2600 mg/Jl, or about 40% of the
TDS concentration in the input liquor. When the pond was closed, the TDS
concentration had dropped to approximately 1200 mg/Jl, and the chloride was
virtually depleted. The six minor species in the supernate did not show un-
usual concentrations or trends during that time.
The leachate in Pond E exhibited a rapid increase in the TDS concen-
tration after pond filling reaching a peak of 3400 mg/Jl, or about half the TDS
concentration in the input liquor (Figure 59). The TDS level fluctuated after
that time and at the time of pond closure in November 1977 remained at approx-
imately 3100 mg/Jl. There has been very little seepage since the pond was
closed, but on a sample taken in March 1978 the TDS concentration was
3800 mg/Jl. The sodium content in the leachate has been monitored since the
pond was filled (since sodium was used in the chemical treatment process), and
the sodium concentration has steadily decreased- since April 1975, from a level
of 1000 mg/Jl to less than 100 rag/A when the pond was closed in 1977 (Fig-
ure 59). The six minor species in the leachate stayed at essentially constant
concentrations through the 3-year period the pond was in operation (Fig-
ure 60).
8.3 TREATED SLUDGE CORE ANALYSES
During this reporting period two sets of core samples were obtained
from each of the three ponds containing chemically treated sludge. The sam-
ples were subjected to laboratory tests to investigate both the physical and
chemical characteristics of their respective leachates. The methods used to
106
-------
6000 r-
AVERAGE INPUT LIQUOR IDS BEFORE TREATMENT - 9530 mg/I
o
-4
0
J fMAMJ J AS ONOJ FMA
1974 I 1975
1976
1977
F MAMJ J A S 0 N DJ
1978
Figure 55. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond C
leachate.
-------
too. ooon,
o
oo
10. OOOfl
t.OOOfl
. toon
rv
CK
Ul
C3
n
^x
2
O
-------
o
VO
1000
900
800
-M 700
I*
. 600
O£
o
o
500
400
300
200
100
JFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONOJFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJASONDJ
1974 I 1975 I 1976 | 1977 I 1978
Figure 57. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond E
groundwater.
-------
o
<
LU
O
g
O
6000 r-
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
IDS
JFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJ ASONDJ FMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJ FMAMJJASONOJ
1974 I 1975 | 1976 | 1977 | 1978
Figure 58. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond E
supernate.
-------
6000
3000
^i 4000
I1
o
I—
o
3000
2000
1000
0
AVERAGE INPUT LIQUOR IDS
BEFORE TREATMENT • 6245 mg//
v TDS
O Cl
* SO,
a Na
POND RETIRED
11/11/77
i i i i i i i i i i
JFMAMJJ ASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJ ASONDJFMAMJJASONDJ
1974 | 1975 I 1976 I 1977 I 1978
Figure 59. Concentration of TDS and major species in Pond E
leachate.
-------
100.0000,
io. oooa
I.OOOfl
\
X
_P1
ftRSENIC
BORON
ItftO
MEPCUPT
QPI t MI in
* x—K
1974
1975
1976
1977
njjftsoNOJ
1978
Figure 60. Concentration of minor species in Pond E leachate.
-------
conduct these tests are described in Appendix B. The results of the measure-
ments made on these samples are discussed in the following paragraphs.
Tests were conducted to determine the permeability, moisture con-
tent, wet and dry density, and unconfined compressive strength of the core
samples obtained from Ponds B, C, and E. Permeability coefficients determined
recently ranged from 3.7 x 10~^ cm/sec for Pond B, to 2.9 * 10 cm/sec for
Pond C, and 5.6 x 10 cm/sec for Pond E although extremes of 2.1 x 10 and
3.2 x 10 cm/sec were recorded in previous years (see Table 16). The recent
values were within the range of results obtained previously for these ponds,
thereby indicating no apparent time-dependent trends in the permeability
coefficient of these chemically treated sludges. It should be noted that the
laboratory permeability tests are conducted in selected samples which are
chosen to be as crack-free as possible in order to maintain consistency and
continuity in the test results. However, in the field the sludge contained in
a multi-acre pond will be subject to the effects of heavy equipment operations
and other factors, which could cause cracks and voids to form, thereby
reducing the impermeability of these materials. The actual reduction
realized, of course, is a function of the specific conditions at a particular
site.
Typical solids content for the cored materials from the three ponds
tested were 44% for Pond B, 63% for Pond C, and 50% for Pond E.
Bulk densities in the as-sampled wet condition for Ponds B, C, and E
were approximately 1.37, 1.52, and 1.37 g/cc, respectively. For Ponds B, C,
and E, dry bulk densities were 0.63, 0.94, and 0.68 g/cc, respectively.
As shown in Table 16, the results of tests for unconfined compres-
sive strength of samples taken from treated sludges are as follows: Pond B
showed values between 10 and 84 psi; Pond C, between 90 and 996 psi; and
Pond E, between 24 and 260 psi. Results of in-situ tests of ultimate bearing
capacity made in August 1977 with a field-type penetrometer are shown in Ta-
ble 12. The low bearing capacity results on the top layer of Pond B were very
likely caused by freeze-thaw effects because the surface of the pond was with-
out supernate from the first week of November 1976 through the last week of
February 1977, and weather data recorded during those months show 74 freeze-
thaw cycles during a period of 120 days, or 62% of the total days. A con-
tributing factor to the effects of freeze-thaw cycling on Pond B sludge is its
relatively low solids content, 44%, which is the lowest of the three chemi-
cally treated materials.
The results of other physical characterization testing conducted on
chemically treated sludges since 1975 are summarized in Table 16.
8.4 SOIL ANALYSES
To determine a profile of seepage in the soil below the sludge
layer, chemical analyses were conducted on soil samples at 1, 3, and 9 in. be-
low the sludge in each of three ponds (D, C, and E) and at equivalent depths
113
-------
TABLE 16. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF IMPOUNDED TREATED SLUDGE CORES
Pond
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
Coring
Date
5/29/75
6/12/75
7/30/75
1/14/76
7/7/76
3/15/77
9/28/77
5/29/75
6/12/75
1/14/76
7/7/76
3/15/77
9/27/77
Solids
Content,
wt %
51
42
44
46
44
44
45
63
59
61
62
62
64
Density,
g/cm3
(wet)
1.43
1.40
1. 30
1. 37
--
1.36
1.35
1.69
1.42
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.52
Unconfined
Compressive
Strength,
lb/in2
(wet)
62
30
28
84
35
10
29
462
321
40
225
90
996
V
Density
g/cm3
(dry)
0.73
0.61
0. 56
0.63
—
0.63
0.61
1.07
0. 80
0.91
0.93
0.93
0.97
Porosity
void
fraction
(volumetric)
0.71
0.76
0.77
0.75
--
_ _
__
0.58
0.68
0.64
— —
_ _
--
Permeability
Coefficient,
cm/sec
6.9 x 10"5
1.4 x 10"4
3.8 x 10"5
2. 1 x 10~4
--
3.7 x 10"5
5.5 x 10"5
5.5 x 10"7
3.2 x 10"7
5.2 x 10"5
5.6 x 10"5
2.4 x 10"6
-------
TABLE 16. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF IMPOUNDED TREATED SLUDGE CORES
(Continued)
Pond
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
Coring
Date
2/27/75
2/27/75
7/29/75
1/14/76
7/7/76
3/15/77
9/27/77
Solids
Content,
wt %
49
— —
_ *
52
49
53
48
Density,
g/cm-3'
(wet)
1.43
— —
— _
1.43
1.33
1.30
1.34
Unconfined
Compressive
Strength,
lb/in2
(wet)
118
_ _
• •»
24
260
— —
37
Den sity
g/cm^
(dry)
0.71
— V
...
0.74
0.63
0.69
0.65
Porosity
void
fraction
(volumetric)
0.72
— .
* —
0.70
— —
_—
--
Permeability
Coefficient
cm/sec
1.5 x 10"5
2. 7 x 10"5
9.3 x 10"5
1.2 x 10"5
1.5 x 10"5
1.6 x 10"6
1.1 x 10"4
-------
from a point in the general vicinity of these ponds to serve as control sam-
ples. Single cores from each pond were taken using Shelby tubes, approxi-
mately 2 years after project initiation, at which time it was believed the
leachate had penetrated the subsoil to a depth of approximately one foot. The
purpose was to determine which chemical constituents (if any) of the sludge
were retained in the soil. This alone is not a quantitative analysis but may
serve .at a later date as input information to assist in determining the poten-
tial for attenuation of sludge constituents in the soil during seepage. The
test procedures are given in Appendix B.
The results show that concentrations at 1, 3, and 9 in. below the
sludge and at comparable depths in the control samples indicate no significant
variations in values with respect to these locations. Therefore, single val-
ues are given for each sample (Table 17) (see raw data in Appendix B). During
the approximately 2-year period of soak time between pond initiation and core
sampling, Pond D was totally saturated; Pond E had a sump at one end and sur-
face water intermittently; and Pond C had surface water intermittently and
seepage through bore holes and cracks. Using a coefficient of permeability of
5 x 10"' cm/sec for the soil, it is reasonable to assume that the soil was
saturated through the first foot. The data show a buildup of sulfate, chlo-
ride, and calcium by a factor of 3 over background, mercury by a factor of 2
and arsenic by a factor of 1.5. It is known that iron and lead are retained
in soil; however, this is not evident in these data because the trace quan-
tities of these elements in the leachate are insignificant when compared to
the background concentrations in the control sample. The sensitivity of the
test equipment was such that no determination could be made for cadmium or
selenium. The conclusion is that there is some retention of some of the
sludge constituents in the soil, thereby tending to reduce the concentrations
in the seepage. The net impact of this on the quality of the seepage to
groundwater cannot be determined from these data.
8.5 CLIMATOLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL DATA
Daily measurements of rainfall, evaporation, wind, and temperature
have been taken since 1975 at the pond site. Only the cumulative weekly rain-
fall data are being reported here. These data were plotted for the period
from April 1975 to September 1976 and reported in Reference 2. Data from
August 1976 through June 1978 are reported here, as shown in Figure 61.
Weekly measurements were made of the depths of water in the ponds
leachate wells, and groundwater wells. As shown in Figures 61 and 62, there
is a correlation of the water levels in the leachate wells with precipita-
tion. No precipitation data were taken from late in December 1977 through
early February 1978 because of severe winter weather conditions. However,
photographic records of the site show a heavy snow layer on the ground during
that time. The melting of this snow layer is reflected in the leachate well
water depth data in the following weeks even though the records show that pre-
cipitation during that time was not more than 0.1 to 0.2 in./week.
116
-------
TABLE 17. ANALYSIS OF SHAWNEE POND SITE SOIL CORES FOR RETENTION
OF A MAJOR AND MINOR SPECIES DUE TO SLUDGE SEEPAGEa
Source
Control
Pond C
Pond D
Pond E
Moisture, %
(Wet Sediment)
15
17
19
20
Concentration in Dry Sediment
so4, %
0.005
0.015
0.034
0.045
Cl, %
0.007
0.035
0.020
0.010
Fe, %
1.63
1.73
1.13
1.81
Ca, %
0.05
0. 16
0.25
0.22
Cd, ppm
<0. 05
<0. 05
<0. 05
<0. 05
Pb, ppm
8.7
9.5
8.6
10.6
As, ppm
8.9
12.3
7.8
13.5
Hg, ppm
0.012
0.019
0.030
0.030
^Analysis by B. J. Presley, Texas A&M, August 1977.
-------
363 rr
00
POND E DISCONTINUED
11/15/77
O POND B
A POND C
D POND E
NO DATA TAKEN
DUE TO WEATHER
8/24/76 10/26/76 1/4/77
3/15/77 5/24/77 8/2/77 10/11/77 12/20/77 2/28/78
CALENDAR DATE
5/9/78 6/27/78
Figure 61. Comparison of precipitation and leachate well water level
in Ponds B, C, and E.
-------
\o
361FWATER LEVEL PRECIPITATION
§2
o>
359
f- ° POND A
i O POND D
NO DATA TAKEN
DUE TO WEATHER
349
8/24/76 10/26/76 1/4/77 3/15/77
5/24/77 8/2/77 10/11/77
CALENDAR DATE
12/20/77 2/28/78 5/9/78 6/27/78
Figure 62. Precipitation as a function of water level in Ponds A and D.
-------
SECTION IX
DISPOSAL COST ESTIMATES
9.1 BASE CONDITIONS
The costs for various FGD waste sludge disposal alternatives are a
function of many variables including plant location, plant size, combustion
characteristics, type of fuel burned, annual operating hours, disposal site
lifetime, scrubber efficiency, limestone absorbent utilization, average annual
capital charges, cost of land, depreciation of land and equipment, dollar base
year, and distance from power plant to disposal site. Table 18 lists values
used for these variables in this analysis.
Cost estimates for six cases were derived from vendor estimates,
previous Aerospace work, and other literature on this subject, assuming two
500-MWe coal-fired units. The six cases examined are variations of two base
cases. Table 19 is a summary of the two base case outputs for a limestone
scrubber and a similar scrubber in which the sludge is oxidized to gypsum; it
is based on a model derived in a previous study (Ref. 15). The costs for var-
ious disposal techniques are made using the quantities and costs for specific
equipment and material for each variation. Costs for equipment and factors
used to estimate the total cost are given in Table 20.
9.2 UNTREATED SLUDGE, INDIGENOUS LINER
In this option, the limestone scrubber base conditions apply. As
can be seen in Table 19, the 30-yr average output of sludge is 500 acre-ft/yr.
The ponds are constructed in indigenous soil with earthen berms. The side
slopes of the berms are 2:1 (horizontal: vertical). A sludge depth of 30 ft
is used for all ponds, and a 3-ft freeboard is allowed. Outside and inside
berms have a top width of 20 and 10 ft, respectively. Total land area re-
quired to construct the site is 542 acres, including land needed for berms and
road beds. Figure 63 shows a sketch of this pond.
The sludge is slurried to the site from the power plant via a pipe-
line system consisting of one 8-in. pipe which carries the waste to the pond
and one 6-in. pipe which returns water to the plant. Redundancy is supplied
by an additional 8-in. pipe, one 6-in. pipe, and attenant pumps; centrifugal
pumps are used. Table 21 lists the costs associated with this option.
Table 22 shows the results of this cost estimate in mills per kilowatt hour,
121
-------
TABLE 18. SUMMARY OF BASE CONDITIONS
Items
Base Condition
Dollar Base
Plant Characteristics
Coal Burned
Annual Operating Hours
Plant Disposal Site Lifetime
SO2 Removal
Sludge Generated
Limestone Utilization
Annual Capital Charges, 30-yr
Average
Coat of Land Used for Disposal
Disposal Site
Mid-1980
Two 500 MWe units, 0. 75-Ib
coal/kWh
3. 5% sulfur
12, 000 Btu/lb
14% fly ash
4250 hr, w/48.5% capacity
factor for 30-yr life (average)
30 yr
90%
2. 4 x 105 x 2 = 4. 8 x 105 tons/yr
dry (general case) (Table 19)
2. 45 x 105 x 2 = 4. 9 x 105 tons/yr
drY (gypsum case) (Table 19)
80%, limestone case; 100%,
gypsum case
17%
$5000/acre
Within 1 mile of plant
122
-------
TABLE 19.
SUMMARY OF BASE CASE OUTPUTS:
OUTPUT FORMAT FOR LIME AND
LIMESTONE SCRUBBER
CMC I- MOCKS TITLES AND OFT1ONS
• SULFUR FUEL.ITU FUEL % CAPACITY
IK FUEL PER LB ASH NW
SULF1TE- DENSITY. SODA ASH PLANT
TO SULFATE MET WASTE HARE UP OPERATING
RATIO Lt/PTJ » HOURS
FUEL BTU ABSORBENT % 802 HEM % HOIST
PER KWH DTI 1.1* BY SCRUB. IN NST
OUTPUT I
BURNED.
T/H
ASH
FORMED
T/H
TOTAL
SULFUR
T/H
PREC1P
C«C03
T/H
•02 S02 ABSORBENT 602 S02 S02
FORKED REMOVED OSED EMISSIONS EMISSIONS LB/H BTU
T/H T/H T/H T/B LB/H
C«S03 C*S04 % ASR
T/H T/H DRY WASTE
% C»803 % C«S04
DRY HASTE DRY WASTE DRY WASTC
TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL WET TOTAL WET TOTAL
DRY WASTE WET WASTE DRY WASTE WET WASTE VOL.FT*/ VOL.ACRE BTU/HP
T/H T/H T/Y T/Y YEAR FEET
LIMESTONE SCRUBBER
3.SO 12000. 14.00 500.
.Oil. 18.tO 0.0 42SO.
9000.
• 0.00
• 0.00
SO.00
OUTPUT!
1*7.500
26.250
S6.6se
«.562 13.125 11.112 23.071
4.614 17.$57 7.137 46.331
113.316 2.40SE OS 4.S16E OS 1.0I7E 07
1.311 2C2S. O.SS3
1.144 31.Sit 14.008
249.S67 4.SOOE 09
LIMESTONE SCRUBBER
3.SO 12000. 14.00 500.
3.Oil. 1C.60 0.0 7000.
•000.
•0.00 »0.00
SO.00
OOTPOTi
117.500
26.250
56.658
6.562 13.125 11.112 23.071
4.614 n.»S7 ?.»37 46.111
111.316 l.MCE 05 7.M2E 05 1.7I1C 07
1.313 2625. 0.513
••144 31.511 14.DOS
411.052 4.SOOt 01
1.50
C.Otl.
SLUDGE FORCE-OXIDIZED TO GYPSUM
LIMESTONE KRUtBE*
12000. 14.00 SOO. »000.
•7.16 0.0 4250.
100.00 »0.00
35.00
OUTPUTi
1(7.500
26.250
57.196
6.S62 13.125 11.M2 1I.4S7
0.0 0.0 31.746 45.262
•9.225 2.465E 05 3.7»2C 05 S.6I1E 06
1.313 2625. 0.513
0.0 0.0 S4.73B
lt>.2*« 4.500C 0*
l.SO
O.Oil.
KLUDGE FORCE-OXIDIZED TO GYPSUM
LIMESTONE SCRUBBER
12000. 14.00 SOO. tOOO.
•7.16 0.0 7000.
100.00 »0.00
35.00
H7.500
16.250
S7.»»6
«.S62 13.125 11.112 H.457
0.0 0.0 11.746 4S.2C2
••.225 4.060E OS 4.246E IS 1.410E 07
1.113 2625. O.SM
••0 0.0 S4.73I
•21.256 4.SOOC Ot
123
-------
TABLE 20. COMPONENT COSTS
Unit, Process,
or Operation
Cost
Ref.
Capital Costs
Earthwork
Clearing
Rip-Rap
Lining (Hypalon-30 or
Equivalent) Installed
Sand
Gravel
Pumps:
Limestone Case
Water
Slurry
Gypsum Case
Water
Slurry
Pipes
6-in. Diam.
8-in. Diam.
Electrical Equipment
Instruments:
Underdrained System
Building s
Fence
Gypsum Oxidation Equipment
Compressors
Tanks
Land
Engineering
Contingency
Miscellaneous
Startup and Modification
Interest During Construction
$1.50/yd
$500/acre
$20/yd2
$4.98/yd2
$4/ton
$4/ton
$34, 010
$118, 140
$128, 880
$408, 120
$12. 74/ft
$17. 14/ft
$81, 740
$115,900
$35/flow meter
$63,440
$12.20/ft
$633,606
$14, 692
$5,000/acre
10%
12%
0.5%
6.7%
16%
16
16
16
21
Conrock of
Los Angeles
17
17
17
17
Imperial Pipe
and Hood Corp.
18
18
22
18
18
17
17
19
19
23
Annual Costs
Maintenance
Power
Labor and Supervision
Analysis
4% capital equip. 18, 19
$0.029/kWhr 18, 19
$17.05/hr 20
$17.00/hr 19
124
-------
{
s. /
(interior area)
in
s
i-H
{ >
1 1 1
i i
! ! !
AREA DIVIDED INTO FIVE
EQUAL 100- acre PONDS
EXCLUDING AREA FOR BERMS
TOTAL AREA - 542 acres
I 1
i
1
I
i
I
1
1
1
1
1
1
H
f
M
0
•••
— *
1
972
-4861ft-
(a) PLAN VIEW
(b) TYPICAL PERIMETER BERM:: ' (c) TYPICAL INTERIOR BERM*
«• Not to scale
Figure 63. Limestone sludge pond: 100-acre pond area.
125
-------
TABLE 21. COST ESTIMATE FOR UNTREATED POND,
INDIGENOUS LINER
(Five 100-Acre Ponds)
Capital Costs
Construction
Clearing (542. 5 acres @ $500/acre) $ 271,000
Cut/Embankment (3, 771, 205 yd3 @ $1. 50/yd3) 5, 660, 000
Rip-Rap (30, 263 yd2 @ $20/yd2) 605, 000
Equipment
Process (pumps) 304,000
Pipes (2-mi 8-in. pipe and 2-mi 6-in. pipe) 316, 000
Electrical 82,000
Instrumentation 116,000
Building/Fencing (19, 493-ft fence ) 301, 000
Total Capital Costs plus Equipment 7,660,000
Engineering (10%) 766,000
Miscellaneous Services (0.5%) 38,300
8,460, 000
Contingency (12%) 1,020,000
9,480, 000
Startup and Modification Allowance (6. 7%) 635, 000
Interest During Construction (16%) 1,520,000
Land (542.5 acres @ $5000/acre) 2,710,000
Total $ 14,300,000
Operations & Maintenance (O&M) Costs
First Year O&M Costs:
Maintenance (4% of capital equipment) $ 45, 000
Power 18, 000
Labor and Supervision 149, 000
Analysis (1000 hr @ $17/hr) 17,000
$ 229,000
126
-------
TABLE 22. COMPUTATION OF LEVELIZED
COSTS FOR UNTREATED POND,
INDIGENOUS LINER
Average Annual Capital Charges K = 0. 17
Life of Installation N = 30
Capital Recovery Factor CRF = 0. 17 |CRF = K/ [l-(l + K)"N]J
Levelized Capital Cost = CRF x Capital Cost = 0. 17 (14, 300, 000) =
2,430,000
Inflation Rate g = 0. 07
Average Annual O&M Charges K ' = 0. 09 |K' = (K-g)/(l + g)
O&M Capital Recovery Factor CRF1- = 0. 10 (cRF1 = K'/ ")-(U K')"N]j
Levelized O&M Cost = (O&M cost/CRF' ) x CRF = 389, 000
Total Levelized Cost = 2, 430, 000 + 389, 000 = 2, 820, 000
$2,820,OOP x 1000
— — ; = $ .66 mills/kWh
4.25 x 10 kWh
$2,820, OOP
5 $ 5.88/ton dry sludge
4.8 x 10 ton dry sludge
$2,820,000 _
- $ 1.77/toncoal
°-75 kWh X TOOOlb X 4'25 x 10 kWh
$14. 30/kW
127
-------
dollars per ton of sludge (dry), dollars per ton of coal, and capital invest-
ment in dollars per kilowatt hour.
9.3 UNTREATED SLUDGE, PVC LINED
This case is very similar to the indigenously lined pond. Pond
sizes and other equipment such as pumps and pipes are identical. There is an
additional capital cost of $12,900,000 for liner material (such as 30-mil
Hypalon at $4.98/yd , installed). Tables 23 and 24 show the cost computations
and results for this case.
9.4 UNTREATED SLUDGE, UNDERDRAINED
For the underdrain design, a maximum pond section of about 50 acres
was chosen. Although this disposal technique can accommodate larger sections,
this size was chosen to simplify the underdrainage system, with an adjacent
pond acting as a backup unit. In effect, two ponds would always be available
with separate but connecting plumbing systems. When the first one is filled
(after about 2 years) and capped with clay, a third pond would be put into
service, and the second pond would become the primary active unit - and so on
(Figure 64). With smaller ponds, more berms are required and, thus, more land
and earthwork. Compared to nondrained ponds, costs are increased because of
the need for a porous base (sand, gravel, and bottom ash) and additional pipes
and fittings. With this type of system, under most conditions a liner is not
required even for soils with a permeability coefficient as large as 10~^
cm/sec. For this approach, then, the porous base completely dominates the
capital costs. Therefore, a pond designed for a minimum sand bed depth is the
minimum cost design for this type of disposal. The thinner the porous bed the
greater the number of drainage pipes would be required, but because of the
comparatively higher cost of porous bed compared to pipe installation, the
thinner bed appears to be more appropriate. The variation of drainage pipe
spacing as a function of porous bed depth is discussed in Section 8.1.7. Es-
timates for disposal costs are given in Tables 25 and 26.
9.5 GYPSUM, INDIGENOUS LINER
Two gypsum cases were examined, both slurried to a pond, one in-
digenously lined and the other synthetically lined. For this alternative, the
sludge is oxidized to gypsum by means of an integrated forced-oxidation sys-
tem. A 15% solids slurry is pumped to the disposal pond where the gypsum set-
tles to approximately 65% solids. Since less gypsum sludge at 65% solids is
produced than limestone sludge at 50% solids, a smaller gypsum pond size is
required. A sketch of a gypsum site is shown in Figure 65. The land area re-
quired is 443 acres for ponds containing gypsum at a depth of 30 ft. This
acreage accounts for berms and road beds.
The waste is slurried to the pond through a system of four parallel
8-in. pipes. Return water is piped through two 8-in. pipes. Redundancy is
supplied by six additional 8-in., two-way pipes. The other major capital ex-
penditure in this alternative is the cost of the oxidation itself, e.g.,
128
-------
TABLE 23. COST ESTIMATE FOR UNTREATED POND,
SYNTHETIC LINER
(Five 100-Acre Ponds)
Capital Costs
Construction
Clearing (542. 5 acres @ $ 500/acre) $ 271,000
Cut/Embankment (3, 771, 205 yd3 @ $1. 50 yd3) 5,660,000
Synthetic Liner (2, 581, 209 yd @ 4. 98/yd2) 12, 900, 000
Equipment
Process (pumps) 304,000
Pipes (2-mi 8-in. pipe and 2-mi 6-in, pipe) 316,000
Electrical 82,000
Instrumentation 116,000
Building/Fencing (19,493 ft fence) 301, 000
20,000,000
Engineering (10%) 2,000,000
Miscellaneous Services (0. 5%) 100, 000
22,100,000
Contingency (12%) 2, 650, 000
24.800, 000
Startup and Modification Allowance (6.7%) 1,660, 000
Interest During Construction (16%) 3,970, 000
Land (542.5 acres @ $5000/acre) 2, 710,000
Total $33,100,000
Operations & Maintenance (Q&tM) Costs
First Year O&M Costs:
Maintenance (4% of capital equipment) $ 44,800
Power 18,000
Labor and Supervision 149, 000
Analysis (1000 hrs @ $17/hr) 17,000
$ 229,000
129
-------
TABLE 24. COMPUTATION OF LEVELIZED COSTS
FOR UNTREATED POND, SYNTHETIC
LINER
Average Annual Capital Charges K = 0. 17
Life of Installation N = 30
Capital Recovery Factor CRF = 0. 17
Levelized Capital Cost - CRF x Capital Cost = 0. 17 (33, 100, 000)
5,630, 000
Inflation Rate g = 0. 07
Average Annual O&M Charges K1 = 0. 09
O&M Capital Recovery Factor CRF* = 0.10
Levelized O&M Cost = (O&M cost/CRF1 ) x CRF = 389, 000
Total Levelized Cost = 5, 630, 000 + 389,000 = 6, 020, 000
$6, 020. OOP
4.25 x 109 kWh
$ 1.42 mills/kWh
$6,020,OOP
4.8 x 10 ton dry sludge
$12.54/ton dry sludge
$6,020,OOP
kWh 2000 Ib
x 4.25 x IP7 kWh
$ 3.78/ton coal
$33. 10/kW
130
-------
-4
OsJ
1
rr^— -
CO
ra
l/l Q
o> -_
o ^>
LT\ ^
|
f
*-972ft-
i — I ' i
AREA DIVIDED INTO TEN
EQUAL 50- acre PONDS
EXCLUDING AREA FOR BERMS
TOTAL AREA - 542 acres
i
1 I
1
L- J.
r T -r
i
i
i
i
/19M ft ...... . ., _
20fti
(a) PLAN VIEW
2:1
SLOPE\
33ft
H h-ioft
(b) TYPICAL PERIMETER BERM* ' (c) TYPICAL INTERIOR BERM*
* Not to scale
Figure 64. Limestone sludge pond: 50-acre sections for
underdrainage.
131
-------
TABLE 25. COST ESTIMATE FOR UNTREATED SLUDGE,
UNDERDRAINED POND
(Ten 50-Acre Ponds)
Capital Costs
Construction
Clearing (579 acres @ $500/acre) $ 289,000
Cut/Embankment (4,472, 543 yd3 @ $1. 50/yd3) 6, 710, 000
Rip-Rap (32, 300 yd2 @ $20/yd2) 646, 000
Sand (1, 149,835 tons @ $4. 00/ton) 4, 600, 000
Gravel (15, 572 tons @ $4. 00/ton) 62, 300
Equipment
Process (pumps) 304, 000
Pipes ($434,222 for underdrain + 2-mi, 8-in. pipe)
and 2-mi 6-in. pipe) • 750,000
Electrical 82, 000
Instrumentation (10 flow meters included) 117, 000
Building/Fencing (20, 101 ft) 309, 000
13,900, 000
Engineering (10%) 1,390,000
Miscellaneous Services (0. 5%) 69, 500
15,400, 000
Contingency (12%) 1,850,000
17,300, 000
Startup and Modification Allowance (6.7%) 1, 160, 000
Interest During Construction (16%) 2, 770, 000
Land (579 acres @ $5000/acre) 2, 900,000
Total $24, 100, 000
132
-------
TABLE 25. COST ESTIMATE FOR UNTREATED SLUDGE,
UNDERDRAINED POND (Continued)
(Ten 50-Acre Ponds)
Operations & Maintenance (O&M Costs)
First Year O&M Costs:
Maintenance (4% of capital equipment) $ 62, 500
Power 18,000
Labor and Supervision 149, 000
Analysis (1000 hrs@ $17/hr) 17,000
$247,000
133
-------
TABLE 26
COMPUTATION OF LEVELIZED COSTS FOR
UNTREATED SLUDGE, UNDERDRAINED
Average Annual Capital Charges K = 0. 17
Life of Installation N = 30
Capital Recovery Factor CRF = 0. 17
Levelized Capital Cost = CRF x Capital Cost = 0. 17 (24, 100, 000) = 4, 100, 000
Inflation Rate g = 0. 07
Average Annual O&M Charges K1 = 0. 09
O&M Capital Recovery Factor CRF1 = 0. 10
Levelized O&M Cost = (O&M cost/CRF* ) x CRF = 420, 000
Total Levelized Cost = 4, 100, 000 + 420, 000 = 4, 520, 000
$4, 520,000 = 1.06 mills/kWh
4.25 x 109kWh
$4, 520,000 = $9. 42 /ton dry sludge
4. 8 x 10 ton dry sludge
°'75 x
$4,520, OOP = $ 2. 84/ton coal
$24. 10 /kW
134
-------
100 acres
(interior area)
\
AREA DIVIDED INTO
FOUR EQUAL 100-acre
PONDS EXCLUDING
AREA FOR BERMS
TOTAL AREA - 443 acres
1 F
..5ft-
.5ft-
-43931
(a) PLAN VIEW
m
KT
(b) TYPICAL PERIMETER BERM* ' (c) TYPICAL INTERIOR BERM*
* Not to scale
Figure 65. Gypsum sludge pond: 100-acre pond area.
''
-------
compressors, tanks, and lines: $5,025,943. Some cost is saved by the
reduction in land requirement because the material is disposed of with less
water than in the limestone system. The estimates for the disposal cost for
gypsum sludge slurried to a pond with indigenous liner is given in Tables 27
and 28.
9.6 GYPSUM, LINED
This case is similar to the other gypsum case with the addition of a
$9,810,000 capital investment to install a liner at $A.98/yd2. This addi-
tional cost is offset slightly by a reduction of $438,000 because rip-rap is
not included as in the first gypsum case. Tables 29 and 30 contain the result
of this gypsum disposal option cost estimate.
9.7 CHEMICAL TREATMENT
Costs for chemical treatment were taken from a 1976 Aerospace report
(Ref. 1) and adjusted to mid-1980 values. Three systems were estimated in
this work. Table 31 summarizes the average results for this disposal alter-
native. A major difference between this method and the underdrain approach is
that only one large site is needed for chemically treated sludge since the
treated material behaves like a low-grade concrete; thus, it has structural
properties and does not necessarily require earthen berms to contain it. One
large site reduces land requirements by about 11%, thereby lowering initial
investment.
9.8 COST COMPARISONS
The costs for the six disposal alternatives discussed are listed in
Table 32 in units of dollars per ton of dry sludge, dollars per ton of coal
and mills per kilowatt hour. Also listed is the capital cost comparison in
dollars per kilowatt hour. In all cases, the cost of disposal includes fly
ash in the sludge.
136
-------
TABLE 27
COST ESTIMATE FOR SLURRIED GYPSUM
(FOUR 100-ACRE PONDS)
Capital Costs
Construction
Clearing (443 acres @ $500/acre) 222,000
Cut/Embankment (3, 310, 439 yd3 @ $1. 50/yd3 4, 970, 000
Rip-Rap 438,000
Equipment
Process (slurry pumps H- oxidation equipment) 6, 100,000
Pipes (12-mi 8" pipe) 1,090,000
Electrical 82,000
Instrumentation 116,000
Building/Fencing (17,573 ft) 278,000
13,300,000
Engineering (10%) 1,330,000
Miscellaneous Services (0.5%) 665, OOP
15,300,000
Contingency (12%) 1, 840, OOP
17, 100, OOP
Startup and Modification Allowance (6. 7%) 1, 150, 000
Interest During Construction (16%) 2, 740, 000
Land (443 acres @ $5000/acre) 2, 220,OOP
23,200,POO
Operations & Maintenance (Q&tM) Costs
1st Year O&M Costs:
Maintenance (4% of capital equipment) $ 306, 000
Power 160,000
Labor and Supervision 149,000
Analysis (1000 hr @ $17/hr) 17,000
$ 632,000
137
-------
TABLE 28
COMPUTATION OF LEVELIZED COSTS FOR
SLURRIED GYPSUM, INDIGENOUS LINER
Average Annual Capital Charges K = 0. 17
Life of Installation N = 30
Capital Recovery Factor CRF = 0. 17
Levelized Capital Cost = CRF x Capital Cost = 0. 17 (23, 200, 000) = 3, 940, 000
Inflation Rate g = 0. 07
Average Annual O&M Charges K ' = 0. 09
O&M Capital Recovery Factor CRF' = 0. 10
Levelized O&M Cost = (O&M cost/CRF1) x CRF = 1,070,000
Total Levelized Cost = 3,940,000 + 1,070,000 = 5,010,000
$5.010,000
4. 25 x 109 kWh
$5, 010,OOP
4. 9 x 10 ton dry sludge
$5,010,000
0.75
Ib rt on
kWh X 2000 Ib
x 4. 25 x 107 kWh
$1.18 mils/kWh
$10. 22 /ton dry sludge
$3. 14 /ton coal
$23.20 /kW
138
-------
TABLE 29
COST ESTIMATE FOR SLURRIED GYPSUM,
SYNTHETIC LINER
(FOUR 100-ACRE PONDS)
Capital Costs
Construction
Clearing (443 acres @ $500/acre) 222,000
Cut/Embankment (3, 310, 439 yd3
-------
TABLE 30
COMPUTATION OF LEVELIZED COSTS
FOR SLURRIED GYPSUM, SYNTHETIC LINER
Average Annual Capital Charges K = 0. 17
Life of Installation N = 30
Capital Recovery Factor CRF = 0. 17
Levelized Capital Cost = CRF x Capital Cost = 0. 17 (37,000,000) = 6,290,000
Inflation Rate g = 0. 07
Average Annual O&M Charges K1 = 0.09
O&M Capital Recovery Factor CRF1 = 0. 10
Levelized O&M Cost - (O&M Cost/CRF ') x CRF = 1, 090, 000
Total Levelized Cost = 6,290,000 4- 1,090,000 = 7,350,000
$7,380,000
4. 25 x 109 kWh
1. 74 mills/kWh
$7,380,000
4. 9 x 10 ton dry sludge
$7,380, OOP
x4.25xlO°kWh
$15. 06/ton dry sludge
$4. 63 / ton coal
$37. 00/kW
140
-------
TABLE 31
CHEMICALLY TREATED SLUDGE DISPOSAL COST UPDATE
1977 1980
Average Annual Cost 9.70/ton dry sludge 11. 83/ton dry sludge
1.06 mills/kWh 1. 24 mills/kWh
2.95/toncoal 3. 60/ton coal
1977 1980
Capital Investment $13,595,440 $16,586,436
$!3.60/kW $!6.59/kW
141
-------
TABLE 32
COST COMPARISON OF DISPOSAL, ALTERNATIVES
CASE
Limestone, Indigenous
Pond
Limestone, Hypalon 30
Liner Added
Limestone, Underdrained
Gypsum, Indigenous Pond
Gypsum, Hypalon 30
Liner Added
Chemically Treated
Mills/kWh
0. 66
1.42
1. 06
1. 18
1. 74
1.24
$/Ton(Dry)
5. 88
12. 54
9.42
10. 22
15. 06
11. 83
$/Ton Coal
1. 77
3. 78
2.84
3. 14
4. 63
3. 60
Capital Cost
$/kW
14.30
33.io
24. 10
23.20
37.00
16.59
142
-------
REFERENCES
1. R. B. Fling, et al., Disposal of Flue Gas Cleaning Wastes; EPA Shawnee
Field Evaluation: Initial Report, EPA-600/2-76-070, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (March 1976).
2. R. B. Fling, et al., Disposal of Flue Gas Cleaning Wastes; EPA Shawnee
Field Evaluation; Second Annual Report, EPA-600/7-78-024, U.S. Environ-
mentalProtectionAgency,ResearchTriangle Park, North Carolina
(February 1978),
3. J. Rossoff, et al., Disposal of By-Products from Nonregenerable Flue Gas
Desulfurization Systems! Second Progress Report, EPA-600/7-77-052, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
(May 1977).
4. J. Rossoff, et al., Disposal of By-Products from Nonregenerable Flue Gas
Desulfurization Systems; Final Report, EPA-600/7-79-046. U.S. Environ-
mentalProtectionAgency,Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
(February 1979).
5. J. Rossoff and R. C. Rossi, Disposal of By-Products from Nonregenerable
Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems: Initial Report, EPA-650/2-74-037-a.
U.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency,ResearchTriangle Park, North
Carolina (May 1974).
6. Shawnee, F72113R, Tennessee Valley Authority, Knoxville, Tennessee.
7. Lime/Limestone Wet-Scrubbing Test Results at the EPA Alkali Scrubbing
'Test Facility, Second Progress Report, Technology Transfer,U.S.En-
vironmental Protection Agency, Washington, B.C.
g. Test Plan, EPA Shawnee Sulfur Scrubbing Waste Disposal Field Evaluation,
Revision I, ATR-78(7660-01)-!, The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo,
California (1 October 1977).
9. D. R. Brunner and D. J. Keller, Sanitary Landfill Design and Operation,
SW-65ts, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1972).
10. Sanitary Landfill Operators' Manual, Iowa Department of Environmental
Quality, (PB 268 708, NTIS) (May 1977).
1A3
-------
11. M. Muskat, The Flow of Homogeneous Fluids Through Porous Media, McGraw-
Hill, New York (1937).
12. J. A. Shercliff, "Seepage Flow in Unconfined Aquiflers," J.F.M. 7l_. 181-
192 (1975).
13. M. J. Boussinesq, "Note sur le mouvement des eaux souteraines," Memoires
a 1"Academic Science de France 23, 242-281 (1877). ~
14. P. W. Werner, "On Non-Artesian Groundwater Flow," Geofis. Pura. Appl.
25, 37-43 (1953).
15. P. P. Leo and J. R. Rossoff, Controlling SO^ Emissions from Coal-Fired
Steam-Electric Generators: Solid Waste Impact, EPA-600/7-78-0046. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina,
p. 23 (March 1978).
16. J. Watson, Personal Communication, Oberg Construction, Canoga Park,
California, (213) 883-9390, 28 February 1979.
17. H. A. Blacker and T. M. Nichols, Capital and Operating Costs of Pollu-
tion Control Equipment Modules, Volume II, EPA-R5-73-0236, U.S. Environ-^
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. (July 1973).
18. W. A. Duvel, Jr., W. R. Gallagher, R. G. Knight, et al., State-of-the-
Art of FGD Sludge Fixation, Michael Baker, Jr., Inc., Consulting Engi^
neers for Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California
Final Report FP-671, Research Project 786-1, January 1978, pp. B-l to
B-18.
19. J. W. Barrier, H. L. Faucett, and L. J. Hevanr, "Economics of Disposal
of Lime-Limestone Scrubbing Wastes: Sludge-Fly Ash Blending and Gypsum
Systems," Tennessee Valley Authority, Office of Agricultural and Chemi-
cal Development, Muscle Shoals, Alabama, Unpublished, June 1978, p. 53.
20. Engineering News Record (5 February 1979).
21. D. Small, Personal Communication, Universal Linings, Haverford, Pennsyl-
vania, (800) 532-0559, 23 January 1980.
22. Modern Cost Engineering Methods and Data, Chemical Engineering, McGraw-
Hill Publication Col, New York (1979), p 353.
23. J. Rowe, Personel Communication, Bank of America Commercial Lending, Los
Angeles, California, (213) 683-3464, 25 October 1979.
144
-------
APPENDIX A
WATER ANALYSIS DATA
145
-------
POND A SUPERNATE
HELL DESI6
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COND
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOROU
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PSA
741032.0000
100.0000
a. 1000
100.0000
2000.0000
0.0000
6000.0000
7100.0000
la.oooo
1400.0000
.0300
16.0000
2000.0000
< .0100
140.0000
.0005
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
5556.0425
PSA
741209.0000
120.0000
0.2000
60.0000
980.0000
60.0000
4600.0000
4300.0000
27.0000
1100.0000
.0150
2.2000
1100.0000
< .0100
71.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
3253.2272
PSA
PSA
PSA
PSA
750212.0000 750426.0000 750707.0000 750901.0000
140.0000
8.5000
49.0000
630.0000
24.0000
3200.0000
2800.0000
6.0000
1100.0000
< .0050
8.8000
880.0000
< .0100
48.0000
.0003
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
2666.8173
160.0000
8.0000
43.0000
250.0000
14.0000
1800.0000
1600.0000
7.0000
570.0000
< .0050
0.0000
480.0000
.0160
20.0000
< .0002
< .OOZO
0.0000
0.0000
1320.0232
180.0000
0.0000
0.0000
300.0000
20.0000
2500.0000
2300.0000
14.0000
810.0000
.0060
5.3000
640.0000
< .0100
21.0000
.0017
.0020
0.0000
16.0000
1792.3197
200.0000
8.2000
34.0000
440.0000
29.0000
3600.0000
3600.0000
6 .0000
1900.0000
.1COO
8.3000
1200.0000
.0200
26.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
23.0000
3597.4422
PSA
751107.0000
220.0000
8.4000
40.0000
330.0000
38.0000
3700.0000
3500.0000
20.0000
1300.0000
.0190
14.0000
1200.0000
< .0100
34.0000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
27.0000
2905.0302
PSA
760106.0000
240.0000
7.7000
36.0000
300.0000
27.0000
1800.0000
1900.0000
31.0000
540.0000
< .0050
0.0000
670.0000
.0230
19.0000
.0014
< .0020
0.0000
20.0000
1549.0314
POND A SUPERNATE
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COND
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PSA
760301.0000
260.0000
7.8000
26.0000
130.0000
58.0000
1500.0000
1500.0000
16.0000
690.0000
< .0100
3.8000
540.0000
< .0100
17.0000
< .0002
< .0040
0.0000
15.0000
1395.8242
PSA
760706.0000
280.0000
7.4000
84.0000
42.0000
32.0000
930.0000
1800.0000
7.0000
320.0000
.0150
2.0000
240.0000
< .0100
12.0000
< .0002
.0030
0.0000
8.9000
624.9262
PSA
770302.0000
300.0000
7.5000
55.0000
74.0000
22.0000
1400.0000
1500.0000
3.0000
820.0000
.0070
3.6000
390.0000
< .0100
17.0000
< .0002
.0080
0.0000
8.6000
1313.2252
PSA
770505.0000
320.0000
6.7000
37.0000
18.0000
10.0000
800.0000
710.0000
1.0000
430.0000
.0060
1.7000
170.0000
< .0100
7.2000
< .0020
< .0020
0.0000
2.6000
629.5200
PSA
771216.0000
340.0000
6.8000
43.0000
5.0000
24.0000
450.0000
300.0000
10.0000
160.0000
< .0020
.2200
98.0000
< .0100
7.6000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
3.4000
274.2342
PSA
780316.0000
360.0000
7.3000
78.0000
4.0000
13.0000
460.0000
300.0000
6.0000
86.0000
< .0020
.1400
64.0000
< .0100
4.3000
< .0002
< .OOCO
0.0000
1.8000
160.C542
PSA
780511.0000
380.0000
7.3000
42.0000
5.0000
12.0000
900.0000
720.0000
3.0000
440.0000
.0040
.3800
200.0000
< .0100
8.4000
< .0002
.0020
0.0000
1.9000
655.6962
-------
POND Ik SUPERNATE
AEROSPACE
HELL OESIS
DATE
REC NO.
FH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COMO
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOPDM
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PSA
741029.0000
400.0000
7.7100
59.0000
1600.0000
0.0000
7800.0000
5650.0000
10.0000
1500.0000
0.0000
22.8000
1480.0000
.09V)
.6000
O.OCOO
0.0000
1.3000
0.0000
4604.7930
PSA
750428.0000
420.0000
7.6800
43.0000
390.0000
50.0000
1800.0000
1540.0000
0.0000
650.0000
.0050
1.9000
540.0000
.1000
4.6000
.0002
.0070
.2000
0.0000
1566.8122
PSA
751103.0000
440.0000
7.1300
41.0000
710.0000
65.0000
3440.0000
3870.0000
0.0000
1675.0000
.0040
8.8000
760.0000
< .0100
33.0000
.0003
.0060
< .1000
30.0000
3216.9203
PSA
760415.0000
460.0000
7.0600
47.0000
350.0000
0.0090
2080.0000
2080.0000
0.0000
750.0000
< .0010
6.3000
455.0000
< .0100
18.0000
.0013
.0310
0.0000
18.0000
1597.3433
PSA
770505.0000
460.0000
6.6900
34.0000
96.0000
0.0000
780.0000
656.0000
0.0000
427.0000
.0040
.9000
190.0000
.0850
6.2000
< .0001
< .0010
0.0000
3.7000
723.8901
PSA
780309.0000
500.0000
7.9200
61.0000
4.5000
0.0000
282.0000
190.0000
0.0000
82.0000
.0070
< .5000
46.0000
.1200
6.1000
.0005
.0004
0.0000
82.0000
221.2279
PSA
780316.0000
520.0000
7.8200
54.0000
4.5000
0.0000
317.0000
258.0000
0.0000
95.0000
0.0000
1.4000
47.0000
0.0000
6.2000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
95.0000
249.1000
-------
POND A LEACHATE
WELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
CONO
IDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LWA1
741015.0000
540.0000
7.0000
410.0000
36.0000
0.0000
1200.0000
630.0000
150.0000
230.0000
< .0050
.3600
160.0000
< .0100
44.0000
.0019
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
470.3989
LWA1
741209.0000
560.0000
6.6000
310.0000
leoo.oooo
90.0000
6300.0000
5400.0000
170.0000
790.0000
< .0050
2.2000
1200.0000
< .0100
120.0000
.0012
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
3912.2182
LWA1
750211.0000
560.0000
7.6000
150.0000
2900.0000
100.0000
9500.0000
6600.0000
0.0000
1100.0000
< .0050
28.0000
2100.0000
.0460
98.0000
.0010
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
6226.0560
LWA1
750428.0000
600.0000
7.6000
61.0000
3300.0000
150.0000
9800.0000
7700.0000
31.0000
1000.0000
< .0050
31.0000
1600.0000
.0320
72.0000
.0018
.0120
0.0000
0.0000
6003.0508
LMA1
750707.0000
620.0000
7.5000
62.0000
3500.0000
1400.0000
10000.0000
8100.0000
100.0000
960.0000
.0200
42.0000
2300.0000
.0620
62.0000
.0067
.0130
0.0000
0.0000
6904.1017
LWA1
750901.0000
640.0000
6.6000
260.0000
3300.0000
170.0000
10000.0000
7600.0000
330.0000
1300.0000
.0080
48.0000
3000.0000
.0150
120.0000
.0009
.0040
0.0000
96.0000
7664.0279
LWA1
751103.0000
660.0000
7.4000
230.0000
3000.0000
58.0000
11000.0000
7600.0000
40.0000
940.0000
.0750
36.0000
2700.0000
.1200
81.0000
.0009
< .0010
0.0000
120.0000
6877.1969
LUA1
760106.0000
680.0000
8.5000
110.0000
2200.0000
180.0000
9200.0000
6000.0000
180.0000
1000.0000
.1200
0.0000
2500.0000
.1100
74.0000
.0013
.0020
0.0000
71.0000
5645.2333
00
POND A LEACHATE
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
CONO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LWA1
760301.0000
700.0000
8.3000
89.0000
1800.0000
48.0000
7600.0000
5400.0000
21.0000
1200.0000
.0600
46.0000
1500.0000
.3COO
62.0000
.0005
.0060
0.0000
64.0000
4692.3865
LUA1
760706.0000
720.0000
7.4000
110.0000
1200.0000
46.0000
3600.0000
4100.0000
93.0000
1100.0000
< .0100
21.0000
650.0000
.0190
130.0000
< .0002
.0030
0.0000
140.0000
3441.0322
LWA1
761109.0000
740.0000
7.2000
58.0000
810.0000
47.0000
3200.0000
4000.0000
910.0000
2200.0000
.0120
21.0000
910.0000
.0380
91.0000
< .0002
.0110
0.0000
81.0000
4113.0612
LWA1
770215.0000
760.0000
7.4000
62.0000
610.0000
4.0000
3200.0000
3500.0000
140.0000
2200.0000
< .0030
53.0000
730.0000
.0200
67.0000
< .0002
.0030
0.0000
62.0000
3722.0302
1 WAI
770302.0000
780.0000
7.4000
55.0000
660.0000
27.0000
3300.0000
4000.0000
89.0000
1200.0000
< .0020
27.0000
660.0000
.0130
64.0000
< .0002
.0040
0.0000
61.0000
2872.0192
LMA1
770505.0000
600.0000
7.2000
41.0000
740.0000
23.0000
3100.0000
3700.0000
59.0000
1400.0000
.0050
27.0000
760.0000
.0160
62.0000
< .0002
.0060
0.0000
44.0000
3033.0272
LWA1
770707.0000
620.0000
7.2000
55.0000
410.0000
24.0000
2800.0000
3400.0000
37.0000
1400.0000
< .0040
20.0000
770.0000
.0100
47.0000
< .0002
.0110
0.0000
40.0000
2667.0252
LWA1
770926.0000
840.0000
7.3000
54.0000
320.0000
23.0000
3400.0000
3200.0000
120.0000
1500.0000
< .0040
34.0000
510.0000
.0140
40.0000
< .0002
.0180
0.0000
34.0000
2438.0362
-------
POND A LEACHATE
WELL DESIG
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
CONO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ASSENIC
BOPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
fneHESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LVU1
771108.0000
660.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
18.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
< .0040
36.0000
110.0000
.0340
45.0000
< .0002
.0240
0.0000
34.0000
225.0642
LWA1
7712U.OOOO
880.0000
7.4000
41.0000
2ZO.OOOO
64.0000
2800.0000
2700.0000
460.0000
1400.0000
< .0020
22.0000
770.0000
< .0100
35.0000
.0004
.0100
0.0000
22.0000
2469.0224
LMA1
780316.0000
900.0000
8.2000
32.0000
60.0000
13.0000
2400.0000
2300.0000
7.0000
160.0000
.0020
.2000
510.0000
< .0100
17.0000
< .0002
.0020
0.0000
45.0000
812.2142
LMA1
780511.0000
920.0000
7.4000
34.0000
120.0000
21.0000
2500.0000
2400.0000
23.0000
1300.0000
.0060
5.0000
650.0000
.0180
21.0000
.0023
.0020
0.0000
11.0000
2107.0283
\O
POND A LEACHATE
AEPOSPACE —
HELL DESIG
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CMLOPIOE
COO
cotro
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
APSEHIC
BOPOM
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEFCUPY
SEIEMIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEH
LMA1
741014.0000
940.0000
7.8300
49.0000
640.0000
110.0000
3300.0000
2460.0000
670.0000
700.0000
0.0000
10.2000
465.0000
.0270
49.3000
0.0000
0.0000
6.6000
0.0000
2073.1270
LHA1
750426.0000
960.0000
7.7100
67.0000
2100.0000
0.0000
9800.0000
7292.0000
0.0000
1425.0000
.0050
25.0000
2040.0000
.4400
14.6000
.0003
.0080
0.0000
0.0000
5605.2533
LMA1
751103.0000
980.0000
7.2600
177.0000
3400.0000
200.0000
9090.0000
7560.0000
0.0000
1250.0000
.0040
47.0000
2000.0000
0.0000
129.0000
.0003
.0030
.4000
12.5000
6918.9123
LMA1
760121.0000
1090.0000
8.1600
66.0000
2300.0000
150.0000
6250.0000
5860.0000
0.0000
1300.0000
.0590
45.0000
1400.0000
< .0100
90.0000
< .0001
.0140
0.0000
64.0000
5201.0631
LMA1
760415.0000
1020.0000
7.5900
60.0000
1500.0000
0.0000
5000.0000
4340.0000
0.0000
1200.0000
< .0010
40.0000
1000.0000
.0100
53.0000
.0009
.0330
0.0000
50.0000
3843.0449
LWA1
761109.0000
1040.0000
7.4000
49.6000
710.0000
0.0000
4080.0000
35<=6.0000
0.0000
1420.0000
.00?0
38.0000
930.0000
.0400
61.0000
< .0001
.0040
0.0000
82.0000
3261.0461
LWA1
770302.0000
1060.0000
7.4900
52.0000
770.0000
0.0000
4080.0000
3362.0000
0.0000
1350.0000
.0010
32.0000
920.0000
.0200
68.0000
< .0001
< .0006
0.0000
60.0000
3200.0217
LUA1
770505.0000
loeo.oooo
6.9500
38.0000
760.0000
0.0000
3770.0000
3138.0000
0.0000
1300.0000
< .0010
25.0000
860.0000
.2800
50.0000
< .0001
< .0006
0.0000
49.0000
3063.2817
-------
POND A LEACHATE
— AEROSPACE ---
HELL OESI6
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COMD
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LWA1
760509.0000
1100.0000
7.3000
24.8000
195.0000
0.0000
2110.0000
2166.0000
0.0000
1312.0000
.0370
12.5000
470.0000
.2300
24.0000
.0011
.0003
0.0000
10.0000
2023.768'*
LMA1
780316.0000
1120.0000
7.4500
25.0000
110.0000
0.0000
2140.0000
2352.0000
0.0000
1375.0000
0.0000
11.6000
490.0000
0.0000
24.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
11.0000
2021.6000
-------
POND A GROUND WELL 1
WELL OESIG
DATE
REC NO.
f»
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COUD
TOS
T5S
SULFATE
APSEHIC
B090U
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GWA1
740709.0000
1140.0000
6.9000
390.0000
31.0000
0.0000
1100.0000
730.0000
10.0000
140.0000
< .0050
.2200
120.0000
.2400
6.8000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
298.2672
GWA1
740722.0000
1160.0000
6.9000
410.0000
34.0000
0.0000
390.0000
770.0000
40.0000
240.0000
< .0050
.2900
130.0000
.0560
42.0000
.0010
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
446.3560
GWA1
740729.0000
1180.0000
6.6000
410.0000
34.0000
0.0000
1100.0000
680.0000
35.0000
240.0000
< .0050
.3500
180.0000
.0950
47.0000
0.0000
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
501.4520
GUA1
740805.0000
1200.0000
6.8000
430.0000
36.0000
0.0000
0.0000
840.0000
230.0000
280.0000
< .0050
.3700
190.0000
.0680
56.0000
.0013
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
562.4463
GUA1
740903.0000
1220.0000
6.9000
370.0000
35.0000
0.0000
0.0000
790.0000
0.0000
210.0000
< .0050
0.0000
160.0000
0.0000
48.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
453.0072
GWA1
741007.0000
1240.0000
7.2000
360.0000
37.0000
0.0000
0.0000
820.0000
83.0000
260.0000
< .0050
.3200
160.0000
< .0100
49.0000
< .0003
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
506.3373
GMA1
741028.0000
1260.0000
7.0000
390.0000
30.0000
0.0000
1200.0000
770.0000
49.0000
180.0000
< .0050
.2500
120.0000
< .0100
41.0000
.0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
371.2672
GUA1
741209.0000
1260.0000
6.5000
440.0000
45.0000
16.0000
1100.0000
700.0000
0.0000
110.0000
< .0050
.4000
110.0000
< .0100
32.0000
.0004
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
297.4974
POND A GROUND HELL 1
HELL OESIG
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
CONO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
APSENIC
EOPOH
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELEMIUN
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GWA1
750211.0000
1300.0000
6.7000
380.0000
25.0000
66.0000
1000.0000
670.0000
0.0000
140.0000
< .0050
.3800
150.0000
.0400
36.0000
.0035
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
351.4305
GWA1
750429.0000
1320.0000
6.9000
210.0000
94.0000
19.0000
930.0000
700.0000
81.0000
150.0000
< .0050
.4900
160.0000
.0400
36.0000
.0028
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
440.5398
GHA1
750707.0000
1340.0000
6.5000
300.0000
36.0000
34.0000
980.0000
650.0000
420.0000
150.0000
.0050
.4600
110.0000
.0450
36.0000
.0170
< .0020
0.0000
64.0000
396.52?0
GUA1
750901.0000
1360.0000
6.8000
280.0000
41.0000
17.0000
960.0000
690.0000
21.0000
150.0000
< .0050
1.3000
130.0000
.0180
38.0000
.0013
< .0020
0.0000
68.0000
428.3263
GHA1
751103.0000
1380.0000
7.3000
200.0000
46.0000
27.0000
1000.0000
670.0000
20.0000
160.0000
< .0050
.3700
94.0000
.0160
48.0000
.0013
< .0010
0.0000
68.0000
416. 3933
GHA1
760106.0000
1400.0000
6.5000
350.0000
40.0000
0.0000
730.0000
540.0000
310.0000
130.0000
< .0050
0.0000
120.0000
.0370
32.0000
.0007
< . ooro
0.0000
62.0000
384.0<«47
GUA1
760301.0000
1420.0000
6.6000
250.0000
33.0000
0.0000
740.0000
420.0000
170.0000
140.0000
.0300
.3600
96.0000
< .0100
31.0000
.0016
< .0040
0.0000
56.0000
358.4056
GUA1
770505.0000
1440.0000
6.2000
42.0000
38.0000
10.0000
380.0000
250.0000
24.0000
72.0000
< .0020
.5400
22.0000
.0170
7.3000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
1.6000
141.4612
-------
POND A 6ROUNO HELL 1
HELL OESI6
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
CONO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GHA1
771216.0000
1460.0000
6.6000
100.0000
140.0000
46.0000
660.0000
700.0000
17000.0000
30.0000
.0130
.1000
78.0000
.0650
34.0000
.0005
< .0020
0.0000
64.0000
366. 2005
GUA1
780316.0000
1460.0000
6.5000
96.0000
150.0000
19.0000
740.0000
450.0000
52.0000
18.0000
< .0020
Z.ZOOQ
25.0000
.0740
7.6000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
49.0000
251.8782
GUA1
760511.0000
1500.0000
6.9000
130.0000
92.0000
4.0000
630.0000
400.0000
150.0000
27.0000
< .0040
.1000
37.0000
.0150
14.0000
.0005
.0010
0.0000
76.0000
246.1205
GUA1
780628.0000
1520.0000
7.9000
230.0000
73.0000
6.0000
670.0000
eao.oooo
11000.0000
1.0000
< .0040
.1400
37.0000
.1000
14.0000
.0012
< .0010
0.0000
100.0000
225.2462
tjl
POND A GROUND HELL 1--- AEROSPACE ---
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
CONO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOSON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GWA1
740904.0000
1540.0000
8.1SOO
179.0000
84.0000
40.0000
910.0000
620.0000
0.0000
8.0000
.0050
.4000
40.0000
.0500
72.0000
.0008
.0040
.4000
0.0000
204.6593
GWA1
741028.0000
1560.0000
7.9400
0.0000
66.0000
0.0000
660.0000
583.0000
130.0000
175.0000
.0040
.4000
40.0000
.0530
34.2000
0.0000
.0020
.1000
0.0000
335.7590
GWA1
750415.0000
1560.0000
7.1200
250.0000
66.0000
0.0000
690.0000
480.0000
0.0000
120.0000
.0310
1.8000
57.0000
.0100
31.0000
.0008
.0130
0.0000
60.0000
355.8548
GWA1
750428.0000
1600.0000
6.9300
286.0000
86.0000
95.0000
910.0000
440.0000
0.0000
250.0000
.0050
.3000
68.0000
.0700
33.0000
.0005
.0150
.5000
0.0000
437.8905
GW41
751103.0000
1620.0000
7.5000
314.0000
100.0000
40.0000
820.0000
740.0000
0.0000
150.0000
.0060
.5000
72.0000
< .0200
40.0000
.0006
.0080
.3000
78.0000
440.8346
GUA1
770505.0000
1640.0000
6.7200
36.0000
74.0000
0.0000
340.0000
240.0000
0.0000
73.0000
.0040
.5000
19.0000
.1000
6.0000
< .0001
< .0006
0.0000
40.0000
212.6047
GWA1
780309.0000
1660.0000
7.6200
84.0000
230.0000
0.0000
595.0000
338.0000
0.0000
21.0000
.0060
1.2000
35.0000
.1200
17.0000
.0012
.0006
0.0000
60.0000
364.3298
GMA1
780316.0000
1680.0000
8.0100
80.0000
260.0000
0.0000
617.0000
370.0000
0.0000
14.0000
0.0000
< .5000
36.0000
0.0000
18.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
60.0000
386.5000
-------
POND * GROUND MEU. 2
WELL DESIG
DATE
PEC MO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COHD
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
APSEHIC
BOPOU
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
sooiurt
TOTAL ELCM
6UA2
740722.0000
1700.0000
7.3000
670.0000
27.0000
0.0000
1100.0000
790.0000
100.0000
22.0000
< .0050
.1400
100.0000
.0850
65.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
214.2322
6MA2
740729.0000
1720.0000
7.1000
640.0000
26.0000
0.0000
670.0000
750.0000
39.0000
32.0000
< .0050
.1600
120.0000
.0520
66.0000
0.0000
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
244.2190
GUA2
740805.0000
1740.0000
7.2000
590.0000
26.0000
0.0000
0.0000
720.0000
31.0000
26.0000
< .0050
.1600
120.0000
.0890
63.0000
.0015
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
237.2575
GUA2
740903.0000
1760.0000
7.2000
570.0000
27.0000
0.0000
0.0000
660.0000
0.0000
21.0000
< .0050
.1COO
100.0000
.0140
54.0000
< .0002
< .00?0
0.0000
0.0000
202.1412
GUA2
741007.0000
1760.0000
7.3000
490.0000
26.0000
0.0000
0.0000
610.0000
62.0000
42.0000
< .0050
.1200
94.0000
< .0100
51.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
213.1372
GMA2
741022.0000
1800.0000
7.7000
400.0000
24.0000
0.0000
990.0000
610.0000
43.0000
40.0000
< .0050
.1000
100.0000
< .0100
52.0000
.0004
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
216.1174
GUA2
74102S.OOOO
1820.0000
7.7000
480.0000
22.0000
0.0000
970.0000
580.0000
110.0000
46.0000
< .0050
.1000
63.0000
< .0100
46.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
177.1172
GUA2
741209.0000
1640.0000
6.0000
400.0000
30.0000
16.0000
850.0000
550.0000
le.oooo
64.0000
< .0050
.2300
59.0000
< .0100
36.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
191.2472
<-" POND A GROUND HELL 2
U»
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COMD
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOSON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GWA2
750211.0000
1860.0000
7.4000
74.0000
16.0000
21.0000
500.0000
330.0000
0.0000
130.0000
< .0050
.2600
40.0000
.0280
16.0000
.0004
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
206.2954
GWA2
750426.0000
1800.0000
7.4000
58.0000
16.0000
8.0000
420.0000
320.0000
89.0000
88.0000
< .0050
.3400
32.0000
.0160
12.0000
.0011
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
146.3641
GUA2
750707.0000
1900.0000
7.1000
100.0000
20.0000
47.0000
440.0000
530.0000
19000.0000
190.0000
< .0050
.3300
110.0000
.2000
4.2000
.0015
< .0020
0.0000
28.0000
352.7385
GUA2
750901.0000
1920.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
10.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
< .0050
.6000
51.0000
.0220
15.0000
.0006
< .0020
0.0000
32.0000
99. 8? 06
GWA2
751107.0000
1940.0000
7.5000
150.0000
13.0000
10.0000
470.0000
350.0000
12.0000
88.0000
< .0050
.3100
45.0000
.0170
26.0000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
30.0000
202.3332
GMA2
760106.0000
1960.0000
7.2000
110.0000
9.0000
11.0000
350.0000
240.0000
50.0000
65.0000
< .0050
0.0000
38.0000
.0300
14.0000
.0007
< .0020
0.0000
22.0000
146.0377
GHA2
760301.0000
1980.0000
7.0000
86.0000
6.0000
6.0000
330.0000
220.0000
10.0000
75.0000
.0100
.1700
28.0000
.0490
14.0000
< .0002
< .0040
0.0000
19.0000
144.2332
-------
POND A GROUND HELL Z-— AEROSPACE ---
HELL DESI6
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
CONO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
B090N
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GWA2
740904.0000
3000.0000
8.7100
389.0000
64.0000
20.0000
770.0000
468.0000
0.0000
22.0000
.0050
.4000
15.0000
.0400
74.0000
.0005
.0050
.9000
0.0000
176.3505
GHAZ
741026.0000
2020.0000
fl.7200
330.0000
73.0000
40.0000
690.0000
440.0000
0.0000
51.0000
.0050
.2000
15.0000
.0300
70.0000
0.0000
.0020
.9000
0.0000
210.1J70
GHA2
750426.0000
2040.0000
7.4000
5S.OOOO
43.0000
5.0000
370.0000
£46.0000
0.0000
175.0000
.0050
.1000
26.0000
.0100
13.4000
.0004
.0040
.2000
0.0000
259.7294
GWH2
751103.0000
2060.0000
7.7200
155.0000
56.0000
40.0000
420.0000
344.0000
0.0000
90.0000
.0060
.1000
32.0000
.0200
19.0000
.0002
.0020
.2000
33.0000
230.3282
GUA2
760415.0000
2080.0000
7.4800
82.0000
44.0000
0.0000
290.0000
190.0000
0.0000
70.0000
.0010
1.5000
27.0000
.0100
11.0000
.0008
.0080
0.0000
22.0000
175.5198
-------
POND B SUPERNATE
WELL OESI6
DATE
REC NO.
FH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COt ID
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOPCN
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCl'RY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PSB
750415.0000
3100.0000
11.5000
1300.0000
1500.0000
60.0000
8600.0000
5600.0000
160.0000
960.0000
< .0050
63.0000
2300.0000
< .0100
.2000
.0002
.0900
0.0000
0.0000
4823.3052
PSB
750428.0000
2120.0000
8.7000
79.0000
600.0000
25.0000
2600.0000
2200.0000
8.0000
430.0000
< .0050
24.0000
840.0000
.0400
4.ZOOO
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
1893.2472
PSB
750708.0000
2140.0000
8.4000
30.0000
3CO.OOOO
25.0000
2200.0000
1800.0000
4.0000
900.0000
.0100
10.0000
510.0000
< .0100
2. 8000
.0003
.0050
0.0000
21.0000
1763.8253
PSB
750901.0000
2160.0000
8.6000
47.0000
380.0000
54.0000
3400.0000
3000.0000
17.0000
1700.0000
.0050
7.5000
980.0000
.0250
3.2000
< .0002
.0030
0.0000
40.0000
3110.7332
PSB
751103.0000
2180.0000
8.3000
34.0000
320.0000
43.0000
2900.0000
2800.0000
17.0000
1200.0000
.0200
.5700
580.0000
< .0100
6.9000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
30.0000
2137.5012
PSB
760106.0000
2200.0000
7.1000
29.0000
150.0000
8.0000
1500.0000
680.0000
11.0000
94.0000
.0050
0.0000
320.0000
< .0100
3.9000
< .0002
< .0020
o.oooo
9.3000
577.2172
PSB
760301.0000
2220.0000
7.5000
30.0000
66.0000
11.0000
900.0000
770.0000
2.0000
460.0000
< .0100
.9400
270.0000
.0100
2.7000
< .0002
.0040
0.0000
6.7000
806.3642
PSB
760503.0000
2240.0000
7.4000
34.0000
82.0000
42.0000
1800.0000
1600.0000
15.0000
950.0000
.0200
2.1000
370.0000
.0100
4.6000
< .0002
< .0040
0.0000
15.0000
1423.9342
POND B SUPERNATE
in
HELL DESI6
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COND
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOP ON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PSB
760706.0000
2260.0000
7.1000
36.0000
23.0000
25.0000
700.0000
460.0000
4.0000
330.0000
< .0050
1.0000
160.0000
< .0100
2.1000
< .0002
.0010
0.0000
5.1000
521.2162
PSB
770302.0000
2280.0000
7.4000
43.0000
62.0000
21.0000
1500.0000
1600.0000
5.0000
1100.0000
.0120
.8000
450.0000
0.0000
6.3000
< .0002
.0040
0.0000
12.0000
1631.1162
PSB
770504.0000
2300.0000
6.9000
35.0000
32.0000
19.0000
1100.0000
1200.0000
6.0000
810.0000
.0240
2.2000
370.0000
< .0100
4.2000
.0006
< .0040
0.0000
7.0000
1225.4366
PSB
770707.0000
2320.0000
7.0000
40.0000
56.0000
43.0000
1600.0000
1900.0000
10.0000
1300.0000
.0350
3.4000
500.0000
< .0100
3.3000
.0002
.0040
0.0000
10.0000
1872.7492
PSB
770926.0000
2340.0000
7.2000
34.0000
48.0000
44.0000
1600.0000
1400.0000
8.0000
750.0000
.0500
2.2000
410.0000
< .0100
3.3000
.0016
< .0020
0.0000
6.9000
1222. 4636
PSB
771104.0000
2360.0000
7.2000
36.0000
58.0000
30.0000
2400.0000
2300.0000
9.0000
1500.0000
.0060
3.5000
960.0000
< .0100
4.8000
< .0002
.0020
0.0000
12.0POO
2538.3182
PSB
771216.0000
2380.0000
7.0000
28.0000
17.0000
10.0000
790.0000
560.0000
6.0000
350.0000
< .0020
.5400
200.0000
.0100
2.3000
c .0002
< .0020
0.0000
4.4000
574.2542
PSB
780316.0000
2400.0000
7.3000
28.0000
8.0000
8.0000
590.0000
430.0000
5.0000
64.0000
.0040
.1300
100.0000
< .0100
1.6000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
2.5000
176.J462
-------
POND B SUPERNATE
WELL OESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COMD
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
PORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PSB
780511.0000
2420.0000
7.2000
38.0000
14.0000
19.0000
1600.0000
1400.0000
6.0000
800.0000
.0170
.8000
410.0000
.OlSO
3.6000
< .0002
.0010
0.0000
3.6000
1232.4332
POND B SUPERNATE
AEROSPACE
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
CCND
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSCMIC
BORCN
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SUIFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL EL EM
PSB
750415.0000
2440.0000
12.1500
1294.0000
2400.0000
0.0000
7900.0000
5560.0000
0.0000
1875.0000
.0040
66.0000
1740.0000
.3900
0.0000
.0001
.0390
70.0000
34.0000
6205.4831
PSB
751103.0000
2460.0000
6.7900
35.0000
400.0000
50.0000
2700.0000
2670.0000
0.0000
1500.0000
.0100
4.4000
560.0000
< .0100
10.0000
.0004
.0160
.2000
28.0000
2522.6384
PSB
760503.0000
2460.0000
6.7000
34.0000
117.0000
0.0000
1810.0000
1760.0000
0.0000
1100.0000
.0120
3.0000
400.0000
< .0100
5.0000
.0006
.0650
0.0000
15.0000
1640.0876
PSB
760518.0000
2500.0000
7.3500
30.0000
130.0000
0.0000
1420.0000
1460.0000
0.0000
775.0000
.0010
1.8000
300.0000
.0100
4.0000
.0012
.0360
0.0000
11.0000
1221.6462
PSB
770504.0000
2520.0000
6.9900
31.0000
126.0000
0.0000
1230.0000
1098.0000
0.0000
775.0000
.0060
.9500
340.0000
.0250
3.2000
< .0001
.0013
0.0000
7.2000
1252.3824
PSB
780309.0000
2540.0000
7.8000
16.0000
3.5000
0.0000
110.0000
102.0000
0.0000
24.0000
< .0040
< .5000
16.0000
.£000
1.5000
.0007
.0003
0.0000
1.5000
49.2050
-------
POND ft LEACHkTt
HELL DESI6
DATE
PEC HO.
FH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
CONO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LUB
750211.0000
3560.0000
e.3000
350.0000
110.0000
48.0000
1200.0000
440.0000
0.0000
65.0000
.0070
.9600
64.0000
.0580
6.6000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
266.6272
LUB
750415.0000
2580.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
14.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
.0050
< .1000
290.0000
.0900
44.0000
.0016
.0100
0.0000
0.0000
334.2066
LUB
750422.0000
2600.0000
6.0000
8.0000
620.0000
92.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
440.0000
.0100
50.0000
470.0000
.0240
36.0000
< .0002
.0620
0.0000
0.0000
1616.0962
LUB
750428.0000
2620.0000
6.9000
22.0000
460.0000
42.0000
0.0000
leoo.oooo
18.0000
530.0000
.0500
0.0000
530.0000
.0260
35.0000
.0033
.1300
0.0000
0.0000
1555.2118
LHB
750707.0000
2640.0000
10.1000
250.0000
940.0000
1200.0000
3400.0000
2600.0000
12000.0000
490.0000
.0400
3.2000
2300.0000
.0490
57.0000
.0007
.2000
0.0000
70.0000
3860.4897
LUB
750901.0000
2660.0000
9.1000
70.0000
880.0000
98.0000
3900.0000
2500.0000
2600.0000
360.0000
.0200
.9000
570.0000
.0160
2.6000
.0014
.0230
0.0000
160.0000
1973.5604
LUB
751103.0000
2680.0000
6.2000
8.0000
860.0000
35.0000
3700.0000
2600.0000
6.0000
620.0000
.0250
.2600
620.0000
< .0100
27.0000
< .0002
.0040
0.0000
150.0000
2277.2992
LUB
760106.0000
2700.0000
7.3000
39.0000
630.0000
13.0000
3100.0000
2700.0000
130.0000
890.0000
.0150
0.0000
840.0000
.0470
25.0000
.0005
.0040
0.0000
110.0000
2495.0665
.. runu o LCMI
-sj
HELL DESIG
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COT JO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOP ON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURf
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEtl
«nn i c
LUB
760301.0000
2720.0000
7.0000
34.0000
290.0000
12.0000
2600.0000
2400.0000
49.0000
1200.0000
.0200
.9600
790.0000
.0580
14.0000
< .0002
< .0040
0.0000
66.0000
2363. 04Z2
LM9
760503.0000
2740.0000
7.9000
120.0000
130.0000
43.0000
1600.0000
1400.0000
530.0000
960.0000
.0100
1.1000
380.0000
< .0100
7.7000
< .0002
< .0040
0.0000
19.0000
1517.8242
-------
POND D LEACHATE
— AEROSPACE
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
CONO
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LMB
750211.0000
3760.0000
5.3200
0.0000
170.0000
75.0000
660.0000
500.0000
0.0000
150.0000
.0140
.1000
20.0000
.0400
8.0000
.0010
.0170
.1700
0.0000
348.3420
LMB
750415.0000
2780.0000
6.7300
28.0000
140.0000
0.0000
300.0000
320.0000
0.0000
150.0000
.0050
1.0000
28.0000
.0200
8.0000
.0004
.0060
.1000
0.0000
327.1334
LMB
751103.0000
2800.0000
6.1800
10.0000
1100.0000
50.0000
3570.0000
2670.0000
0.0000
675.0000
.0040
1.0000
400.0000
< .0100
26.0000
.0002
.0160
.1000
158.0000
2360.1302
LWB
760121.0000
2820.0000
7.3700
2.0000
520.0000
50.0000
2700.0000
2540.0000
0.0000
1100.0000
.0110
1.3000
525.0000
.0100
27.0000
.0007
.0090
0.0000
83.0000
2256.3307
LMB
760503.0000
2840.0000
7.0700
0.0000
139.0000
0.0000
1790.0000
1690.0000
0.0000
1000.0000
0.0000
3.6000
450.0000
< .0100
11.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
23.0000
1626.6100
oo
-------
POND B LtAOUTE 1
HELL DESI6
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
CONO
TDS
TS5
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOP OH
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCUPT
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LMB1
760706.0000
2860.0000
7.5000
04.0000
930.0000
64.0000
2500.0000
2500.0000
870.0000
750.0000
.0600
1.9000
630.0000
.0290
27.0000
< .0002
.0080
0.0000
23.0000
2362.0172
LWB1
760720.0000
2880.0000
7.JOOO
66.0000
130.0000
63.0000
1800.0000
1900.0000
200.0000
1200.0000
.0200
2.2000
620.0000
< .0100
8.4000
.0002
< .0010
0.0000
23.0000
1983.6312
LWS1
770302.0000
2000.0000
6.6000
24.0000
340.0000
42.0000
2600.0000
3100.0000
11.0000
1600.0000
.0020
.3700
570.0000
< .0100
19.0000
< .0002
.0050
0.0000
62.0000
2611.3872
LWB1
770504.0000
2920.0000
6.5000
34.0000
440.0000
36.0000
2800.0000
3200.0000
30.0000
1700.0000
.0140
2.7000
690.0000
.0160
20.0000
.0008
.0060
0.0000
84.0000
2936.7368
LWB1
770707.0000
2940.0000
7.1000
28.0000
420.0000
15.0000
2700.0000
3200.0000
10.0000
1600.0000
.0090
2.4000
720.0000
< .0100
19.0000
< .0002
.0100
0.0000
71.0000
2832.4292
LMB1
770926.0000
2960.0000
7.0000
30.0000
370.0000
29.0000
3400.0000
3100.0000
e.oooo
1600.0000
.0110
2.6000
710.0000
.0100
19.0000
.0002
.0020
0.0000
90.0000
2791.6232
LMB1
771104.0000
2980.0000
6.2000
12.0000
300.0000
15.0000
3100.0000
2800.0000
9.0000
1500.0000
.0040
2.0000
890.0000
< .0100
16.0000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
78.0000
2786.0152
LWB1
771216.0000
3000.0000
6.4000
18.0000
2<>o.OOOO
17.0000
2900.0000
2900.0000
36.0000
1500.0000
.0020
1.2000
790.0000
< .0100
18.0000
.0002
.0100
0.0000
62.0000
2681.2222
POND B LEACHATE 1
HELL OESI6
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLOfflDE
COO
COND
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
AP5ENIC
t-OPPH
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGMESIUM
MEPCLWT
SELEUIUM
SULFITE
500IUM
TOTAL ELEM
LMB1
780316.0000
3020.0000
7.6000
70.0POO
68.0000
7.0000
2100.0000
1900.0000
250.0000
690.0000
.0040
.3000
620.0000
< .0100
6.6000
< .0002
.0020
0.0000
31.0000
1837.9162
LMB1
780511.0000
3040.0000
7.2000
30.0000
86.0000
42.0000
2200.0000
1900.0000
8.0000
940.0000
.0190
4.0000
500.0000
.0100
7.1000
.0008
.0020
0.0000
22.0000
1559.1318
-------
POND B LEACHATE 1 — AEROSPACE ---
WELL DESIG
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
cor JD
TDS
TSS
5ULFATE
ARSENIC
60RON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LWB1
770203.0000
3060.0000
6.9300
16.0000
380.0000
0.0000
3000.0000
2882.0000
0.0000
1725.0000
.0020
2.6000
670.0000
.0400
21.0000
< .0001
.0013
0.0000
86.0000
2684.64)4
LWB1
770405.0000
3080.0000
6.6600
19.0000
460.0000
0.0000
3150.0000
2912.0000
0.0000
1475.0000
< .0010
1.3000
710.0000
.2600
16.5000
< .0001
< .0006
0.0000
82.0000
2747.0617
LWB1
780309.0000
3100.0000
7.3000
20-2000
300.0000
0.0000
2310.0000
2324.0000
0.0000
1325.0000
.0780
1.0000
480.0000
.2700
12.0000
< .0001
.0001
O.OOOD
35.0000
2153.3482
LUP1
780516.0000
3120.0000
7.2100
la.oooo
150.0000
0.0000
2290.0000
2380.0000
0.0000
1400.0000
0.0000
1.0000
490.0000
0.0000
14.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
30.0000
2085.0000
-------
WHO ft LEACHJkTE *
HELL OESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CH LOP IDE
COD
CONO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOPOH
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LHB2
760720.0000
3140.0000
7.4000
92.0000
660.0000
60.0000
2800.0000
2600.0000
690.0000
970.0000
.0300
2.1000
800.0000
.0160
26.0000
.0005
.0020
0.0000
110.0000
2 568. 1405
LHB2
770504.0000
3160.0000
6.7000
79.0000
220.0000
37.0000
2400.0000
2600.0000
140.0000
1300.0000
.0940
3.8000
680.0000
< .0100
18.0000
< .0002
.0060
0.0000
44.0000
2265.9102
LUB2
770707.0000
3180.0000
6.7000
28.0000
500.0000
73.0000
2900.0000
3400.0000
700.0000
1900.0000
.0940
2.5000
640.0000
< .0100
15.0000
.0004
.0200
0.0000
100.0000
3157.6244
LWB2
770926.0000
3200.0000
3.6000
0.0000
300.0000
100.0000
3400.0000
3100.0000
150.0000
1600.0000
.0170
1.7000
530.0000
.0190
5.2000
< .0007
.0150
0.0000
89.0000
2525.9517
LHB2
771104.0000
3220.0000
3.7000
0.0000
360.0000
64.0000
3400.0000
2900.0000
55.0000
1600.0000
.0060
.6400
790.0000
< .0100
2.5000
< .0002
.0130
0.0000
81.0000
2834.1692
LWB2
771216.0000
3240.0000
4.4000
0.0000
280.0000
66.0000
2800.0000
2600.0000
120.0000
1400.0000
.0060
.9000
730.0000
.0780
4.2000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
69.0000
2484.1862
LMB2
780316.0000
3260.0000
5.5000
4.0000
240.0000
64.0000
2900.0000
2600.0000
110.0000
960.0000
.0090
8.0000
620.0000
< .0100
11.0000
< .0002
.0040
0.0000
42.0000
1901.0232
LMB2
780511.0000
3280.0000
4.4000
0.0000
240.0000
16.0000
3000.0000
2700.0000
46.0000
1500.0000
.0400
1.0000
690.0000
.0100
7.3000
.0009
.0050
0.0000
47.0000
2485.3559
POND B LEACHATE 2 — AEROSPACE
HELL DESI6
DATE
REC NO.
FH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COt ID
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
APSEHIC
CCrOM
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGHESIUM
MEPCUPY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LWB2
770302.0000
3300.0000
2.9100
0.0000
310.0000
0.0000
2680.0000
2638.0000
0.0000
1550. OCOO
.0140
2.5000
610.0000
.0550
12.0000
.0001
.0020
0.0000
60.0000
2544.5711
LWB2
770504.0000
3320.0000
6.7400
72.0000
275.0000
0.0000
2650.0000
2614.0000
0.0000
1650.0000
.0010
1.9500
700.0000
.2500
12.6000
< .0001
.0017
0.0000
45.0000
2684.8028
LMB2
780309.0000
3140.0000
4.5700
0.0000
500.0000
0.0000
2570.0000
2416.0000
0.0000
1300.0000
.0300
2.10PO
500.0000
.2300
10.0000
.0010
.0004
0.0000
50.0000
2362.3614
LWB2
780316.0000
3360.0000
4.3500
0.0000
340.0000
0.0000
2590.0000
2516.0000
0.0000
1325.0000
0.0000
1.6000
550.0000
0.0000
6.8000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
48.0000
2271.4000
-------
POND B WOUND HELL 1
WELL DESI6
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COND
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCUPY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
6MB 1
750415.0000
3360.0000
6.9000
240.0050
66.0000
0.0000
610.0000
420.0000
120.0000
24.0000
< .0050
.1300
31.0000
.1600
15.0000
.0059
< .ooeo
0.0000
0.0000
138.3229
6MB 1
750422.0000
3400.0000
6.9000
240.0000
64.0000
40.0000
0.0000
490.0000
19.0000
28.0000
< .0050
.1400
43.0000
.0560
16.0000
.0007
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
151.2037
GWB1
750428.0000
3420.0000
6.9000
240.0000
66.0000
210.0000
720.0000
300.0000
23.0000
23.0000
< .0050
.1300
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
.0000
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
69.1376
GWB1
750708.0000
3440.0000
6.9000
240.0000
82.0000
1400.0000
690.0000
510.0000
1000.0000
24.0000
< .0050
.1400
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
.0005
< .0020
0.0000
o.oooo
106.1475
GWB1
750901.0000
3460.0000
6.7000
210.0000
66.0000
la.oooo
660.0000
530.0000
450.0000
42.0000
< .0050
.7000
61.0000
.0720
15.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
69.0000
273.7792
GW31
751103.0000
3460.0000
6.9000
190.0000
91.0000
6.0000
650.0000
0.0000
130.0000
42.0000
< .0050
.2600
35.0000
.1600
15.0000
< .0002
.0120
0.0000
0.0000
183.4572
GUB1
760106.0000
3500.0000
6.7000
170.0000
170.0000
16.0000
910.0000
500.0000
4200.0000
68.0000
< .0050
.2400
100.0000
.5000
27.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
95.0000
460.8272
GWB1
760301.0000
3520.0000
6.6000
170.0000
140.0000
9.0000
840.0000
520.0000
250.0000
42.0000
.0100
.0200
72.0000
.0270
16.0000
< .0002
.0040
0.0000
130.0000
402.0612
POND B GROUND HELL 1
WELL DESIG
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COMD
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
APSEHIC
BCRON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GUB1
760503.0000
3540.0000
7.1000
190.0000
88.0000
23.0000
740.0000
450.0000
2500.0000
120.0000
< .0050
.1000
55.0000
.1100
14.0000
< .0002
.0040
0.0000
74.0000
351.2192
GWB1
760712.0000
3560.0000
7.3000
200.0000
93.0000
11.0000
700.0000
460.0000
270.0000
22.0000
< .0050
.8000
41.0000
.3600
16.0000
.0003
.0030
0.0000
97.0000
270.1683
GWB1
760914.0000
3580.0000
7.1000
200.0000
150.0000
10.0000
770.0000
550.0000
1100.0000
36.0000
< .0050
.1600
45.0000
.0640
16.0000
< .0002
.0040
0.0000
11.0000
258.2532
GWB1
761109.0000
3600.0000
6.9000
180.0000
160.0000
18.0000
790.0000
630.0000
620.0000
82.0000
.0120
.1600
42.0000
.0290
19.0000
.0013
.0040
0.0000
140.0000
443.2063
GMB1
770504.0000
3620.0000
6.9000
180.0000
100.0000
4.0000
680.0000
460.0000
200.0000
60.0000
.0280
i.eooo
53.0000
.0400
12.0000
.0005
< .0040
0.0000
100.0000
326.8725
GWB1
770707.0000
3640.0000
7.0000
170.0000
180.0000
16.0000
870.0000
600.0000
1500.0000
79.0000
.1500
.2200
33.0000
< .0100
21.0000
.0011
.0040
0.0000
160.0000
473.3851
GWB1
771216.0000
3660.0000
7.2000
220.0000
120.0000
26.0000
1000.0000
690.0000
11000.0000
84.0000
.0090
.7700
69.0000
< .0100
4.2000
.0032
< .0020
0.0000
160.0000
437.9942
GWB1
780316.0000
3680.0000
7.0000
75.0000
96.0000
54.0000
770.0000
470.0000
220.0000
39.0000
< .0020
.3000
300.0000
.0350
16.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
2.3000
453.6392
-------
WHO I GROUND UEU. 1
HELL OESIG
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
cotro
IDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
eopoi
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCUSY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
EWB1
780511 . 0000
3700.0000
7.2000
170.0000
64.0000
13.0000
690.0000
540.0000
620.0000
56.0000
.0390
.0600
54.0000
.1100
14.0000
.0019
.0040
0.0000
65.0000
273.2149
GUB1
780620.0000
3720.0000
7.8000
170.0000
72.0000
9.0000
750.0000
410.0000
340.0000
310.0000
< .0040
.3800
47.0000
.0310
14.0000
.0016
.0020
0.0000
82.0000
5E5.4186
u>
POND B GROUND HELL 1— AEROSPACE —
HELL OESIG
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COND
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
POPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GHB1
750415.0000
3740.0000
7.6300
217.0000
95.0000
75.0000
620.0000
400.0000
0.0000
225.0000
.0050
.9000
40.0000
.0300
15.8000
.0007
.0060
.5200
0.0000
377.2617
GUB1
751103.0000
3760.0000
7.0600
189.0000
130.0000
40.0000
610.0000
392.0000
0.0000
15.0000
.0060
< .1000
40.0000
< .0200
15.0000
.0004
.0120
.4000
83.0000
283.5384
GH91
760503.0000
3780.0000
7.9300
173.0000
68.0000
0.0000
680.0000
354.0000
0.0000
60.0000
.0050
.3000
47.0000
< .0200
15.0000
.0008
.0810
0.0000
79.0000
289.4068
GWB1
761109.0000
3800.0000
7.8200
187.0000
175.0000
0.0000
680.0000
534.0000
0.0000
46.0000
.0120
2.0000
39.0000
.0350
13.5000
< .0001
< .0006
0.0000
140.0000
415.5477
GKB1
770504.0000
3820.0000
7.0400
179.0000
150.0000
0.0000
630.0000
430.0000
0.0000
44.0000
.0040
.6500
35.0000
.0300
11.5000
< .0001
< .0006
0.0000
103.0000
344.1847
GMB1
780309.0000
3840.0000
7.9700
196.0000
300.0000
0.0000
813.0000
564.0000
0.0000
80.0000
.0080
1.2000
49.0000
.2400
18.0000
.0017
.0001
0.0000
115.0000
563.4498
GWB1
780316.0000
3860.0000
6.1200
171.0000
290.0000
0.0000
633.0000
546.0000
0.0000
90.0000
0.0000
< .5000
41.0000
0.0000
16.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
130.0000
567.5000
-------
POND B GROUND HELL 2
WELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COND
IDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GWB2
741111.0000 741209
3880.0000
7.4000
90.0000
14.0000
0.0000
370.0000
220.0000
110.0000
47.0000
< .0050
< .1000
35.0000
.1200
8.7000
< .OOOZ
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
104.9272
3900
6
58
66
0
710
560
11000
65
<
35
6
0
<
0
0
215
GWB2 GWB2 GU'B2
.0000 750211.0000 750217.0000
.0000
.9000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0050
.4500
.0000
.0100
.9000
.0000
.0020
.0000
.0000
.3670
3920.0000
6.6000
170.0000
52.0000
15.0000
570.0000
340.0000
0.0000
20.0000
< .0050
.4500
34.0000
.0150
8.7000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
115.17C2
3940.0000
6.7000
170.0000
50.0000
18.0000
570.0000
330.0000
0.0000
18.0000
< .0050
< .1000
31.0000
.1100
9.0000
.0005
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
108.2175
GWB2
750224.0000 750415.
3960.
6.
160.
53.
9.
600.
330.
61.
14.
<
<
32.
17.
<
0.
0.
116.
0000
7000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0050
1000
0000
0780
0000
0008
0020
0000
0000
1858
3980.
6.
160.
52.
a.
540.
300.
47.
19.
<
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
71.
GUB2 GWB2
0000 750422.0000
0000 4000.0000
7000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0050 <
4200
0000
0000
0000
00:2
0030
0000
0000
4302
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
14.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
.0050
.1300
29.0000
.0460
11.0000
.0005
.0040
0.0000
0.0000
40.1855
GWB2
750428.0000
4020.0000
6.7000
160.0000
53.0000
7.0000
530.0000
310.0000
12.0000
15.0000
< .0050
.1000
29.0000
.0300
11.0000
.0013
.0030
0.0000
0.0000
106.1393
ON
POND B GROUND WELL 2
WELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COND
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GM9Z
750708.0000
4040.0000
6.9000
170.0000
120.0000
10.0000
710.0000
470.0000
2300.0000
34.0000
< .0050
.2500
42.0000
< .0100
16.0000
< .0002
< .OOCO
0.0000
88.0000
300.2672
GKB2
750901.0000
4060.0000
6.8000
210.0000
92.0000
92.0000
800.0000
5^0.0000
460.0000
36.0000
.0070
1.1000
63.0000
.0140
16.0000
< .0002
.0020
0.0000
110.0003
318.1232
GWB2
751103.0000
4080.0000
7.0000
220.0000
26.0000
8.0000
690.0000
430.0000
130.0000
39.0000
< .0050
.2600
47.0000
.0500
19.0000
.0003
< .0010
0.0000
83.0000
214.3163
GWB2
760106.0000
4100.0000
7.2000
270.0000
52.0000
36.0000
350.0000
0.0000
0.0000
160.0000
< .0050
.1600
69.0000
1.4000
120.0000
.0006
.0020
0.0000
110.0000
512.5676
GWB2
760301.0000
4120.0000
6.9000
130.0000
51.0000
4.0000
480.0000
3CO.OOOO
600.0000
30.0000
.0050
.1000
34.0000
.0630
14.0000
.0020
< .0040
0.0000
70.0000
199.1740
GWB2
760503.0000
4140.0000
7.2000
170.0000
54.0000
7.0000
560.0000
360.0000
740.0000
93.0000
< .0050
< .0100
37.0000
.0110
11.0000
< .0002
.0050
0.0000
73.DOOO
268.0312
GWB2
760712.0000
4160.0000
7.3000
180.0000
88.0000
13.0000
680.0000
450.0000
640.0000
65.0000
< .0050
.9000
35.0000
.8200
14.0000
< .0002
.0030
0.0000
100.0000
303.7262
GWB2
770504.0000
4180.0000
6.6000
170.0000
72.0000
12.0000
550.0000
370.0000
220.0000
38.0000
.0060
.1500
41.0000
.0600
12.0000
.0014
< .0040
0.0000
75.0000
238.2214
-------
WHO t GROUND NEU I
WELL OESIS
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
CONO
IDS
TSS
SUIFATE
ARSENIC
BOPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
9MB2
770707.0009
4200.0000
7.4000
120.0000
120.0000
16.0000
530.0000
430.0000
2200.0000
30.0000
.1500
.1300
25.0000
< .0103
16.0000
.0006
.0050
0.0000
100.0000
291.2956
GHB2
771100.0000
4220.0000
7.0000
74.0000
63.0000
8.0000
560.0000
450.0000
0.0000
32.0000
< .0040
.1200
20.0000
.0400
11.0000
.0003
.0030
0.0000
78.0000
229.1673
GMBZ
780316.0000
4240.0000
7.1000
170.0000
74.0000
0.0000
620.0000
370.0000
140.0000
28.0000
< .0020
.1100
26.0000
.1000
9.7000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
13.0000
150.9142
GWBZ
790511.0000
4260.0000
6.6000
160.0000
60.0000
5.0000
620.0000
360.0000
34.0000
63.0000
.0070
.0600
40.0000
< .0100
14.0000
.0004
.0040
0.0000
75.0000
252.0814
GUB2
780628.0000
4280.0000
8.2000
170.0000
0.0000
9.0000
660.0000
460.0000
510.0000
50.0000
< .0040
.1600
33.0000
.0900
14.0000
.0007
.0030
0.0000
84.0000
181.2777
POND B GROUND HELL Z— AEROSPACE ---
HELL OESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
CONO
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
500 1 Wf
TOTAL ELEH
GWB2
750211.0000
4300.0000
7.5400
171.0000
60.0000
35.0000
530.0000
320.0000
0.0000
18.0000
.0050
1.2000
40.0000
.0500
12.0000
.0001
.0090
.3000
0.0000
151.5641
GW32
750415.0000
4320.0000
7.5600
153.0000
73.0000
15.0000
440.0000
320.0000
0.0000
125.0000
.0050
.8000
12.0000
.0900
13.6000
.0004
.0070
.2700
0.0000
224.7724
GUB2
751103.0000
4340.0000
7.2400
233.0000
110.0000
10.0000
610.0000
408.0000
0.0000
27.0000
.0040
.3000
24.0000
.0100
14.0000
.0001
.0140
.5000
83.0000
256.8261
GUB2
760503.0000
4360.0000
7.9100
337.0000
89.0000
0.0000
650.0000
422.0000
0.0000
100.0000
.0010
.3000
55.0000
.0100
15.0000
.0004
.0900
0.0000
75.0000
334.4014
GWB2
770504.0000
4360.0000
7.3200
180.0000
105.0000
0.0000
540.0000
352.0000
0.0000
28.0000
.0090
.0500
31.0000
.0300
11.0000
.0001
.0006
0.0000
7.7000
162.7897
GMB2
780316.0000
4400.0000
6.1400
126.0000
150.0000
0.0000
606.0000
394.0000
0.0000
54.0000
0.0000
< .5000
19.0000
0.0000
9.6000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
100.0000
333.1000
-------
POND C SUPERNATE
WELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
CONO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PSC
750428.0000
4420.0000
11.2000
170.0000
560.0000
20.0000
2400.0000
1600.0000
9.0000
200.0000
.0080
.3400
590.0000
.0160
.2000
< .0002
.0030
0.0000
0.0000
1350.5672
PSC
750505.0000
4440.0000
10.3000
31.0000
240.0000
17.0000
2300.0000
1500.0000
31.0000
200.0000
< .0050
.2600
480.0000
.0360
.4000
< .0002
.0020
0.0000
0.0000
920.7032
PSC
750708.0000
4460.0000
8.3000
21.0000
440.0000
la.oooo
2700.0000
2100.0000
5.0000
600.0000
.0070
1.5000
450.0000
< .0100
3.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
49.0000
1543.5192
PSC
750901.0000
4480.0000
8.4000
30.0000
500.0000
19.0000
3600.0000
3200.0000
11.0000
1700.0000
.0060
2.3000
880.0000
.0190
5.3000
< .0002
.0060
0.0000
75.0000
3162.6312
PSC
PSC
PSC
PSC
751103.0000 760106.0000 760308.0000 760503.0000
4500.0000
8.3000
28.0000
430.0000
18.0000
3400.0000
3000.0000
43.0000
1100.0000
.0050
.6700
600.0000
< .0100
7.1000
< .0002
.0020
0.0000
68.0000
2205.7872
4520.0000
8.0000
40.0000
160.0000
10.0000
1600.0000
1800.0000
82.0000
890.0000
.0150
0.0000
600.0000
.0250
8.4000
.0003
.0040
0.0000
29.0000
1707.4443
4540.0000
7.3000
41.0000
430.0000
30.0000
3600.0000
3800.0000
7.0000
2300.0000
.0050
0.0000
1000.0000
< .0100
26.0000
< .0002
.0140
0.0000
78.0000
3834.0292
4560.0000
8.6000
54.0000
680.0000
35.0000
0.0000
4300.0000
22.0000
1600.0000
< .0050
1.1000
560.0000
< .0100
16.0000
.0006
.0310
0.0000
120.0000
2979.1466
POND C SUPERNATE
WELL DESIG
DATE
REC HO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COND
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSEIUC
BCRCU
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PSC
760706.0000
4580.0000
7.8000
37.0000
500.0000
13.0000
2000.0000
2300.0000
15.0000
1100.0000
.0200
23.0000
460.0009
< .0100
7.2000
< .0002
.0140
0.0000
16.0000
2106.2442
PSC
761005.0000
4600.0000
8.2000
66.0000
460.0000
51.0000
3000.0000
3600.0000
13.0000
1900.0000
.0350
14.0000
490.0000
< .0100
25.0000
< .0002
.0270
0.0000
76.0000
2965.0722
PSC
761109.0000
4620.0000
8.0000
44.0000
220.0000
21.0000
2200.0000
2900.0000
6.0000
2000.0000
.0120
7.4000
690.0000
< .0100
29.0000
.0002
.0540
0.0000
38.0000
2984.4762
PSC
770302.0000
4640.0000
7.7000
42.0000
160.0000
15.0000
2200.0000
2700.0000
7.0000
1400.0000
< .0020
6.2000
620.00CO
.0100
20.0000
< .0002
.0200
0.0000
30.0000
2256.2332
PSC
770505.0000
4660.0000
6.6000
30.0000
45.0000
14.0000
1600.0000
2200.0000
6.0000
1400.0000
.0180
3.1000
540.0000
< .0100
7.9000
.0005
< .0020
0.0000
11.0000
2007.0305
PSC
770707.0000
4680. 0000
7.9000
38.0000
66.0000
17.0000
2000.0000
2500.0000
6.0000
1700.0000
.0260
.5500
610.0000
< .0100
7.4000
< .0002
.0190
0.0000
15.0000
2399.0052
PSC
770926.0000
4700.0000
7.4000
34.0000
60.0000
17.0000
2100.0000
2000.0000
13.0000
1100.0000
.0240
3.3000
680.0000
< .0100
9.0000
.0015
.0120
0.0000
13.0000
1665.3475
PSC
771216.0000
4720.0000
7.3000
28.0000
27.0000
4.0000
1600.0000
1400.0000
4.0000
860.0000
< .OOCO
1.3000
450.0000
< .0100
5.8000
< .0002
.0080
0.0000
6.1000
1350.2202
-------
WHO c
VTCLL DESI6
DATE
P.EC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
CCttlD
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
5CDIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PSC
760316.0000
4740.0000
6.0000
29.0000
12.0000
6.0000
1700.0000
1500.0000
4.0000
290.0000
.0040
.5900
280.0000
<: .0100
3.4000
< .0002
.0030
0.0000
1.7000
587.7072
PSC
780511.0000
4760.0000
7.4000
32.0000
21.0000
16.0000
2400.0000
2300.0000
21.0000
1500.0000
.0220
1.7000
670.0000
< .0100
7.5000
< .0002
.0050
0.0000
6.3000
2206.5372
POND C SUPEPNATE
— AEROSPACE —
HELL DESI6
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COND
TDS
TSS
SULFATC
ARSENIC
BOPO'l
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGHESIOtl
MEPCUPY
SELENIUM
5UIFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PSC
750426.0000
4780.0000
11.4300
173.0000
610.0000
49.0000
2400.0000
1560.0000
0.0000
175.0000
.0050
.1000
340.0000
.1400
3.7000
.0003
.0040
.6500
0.0000
1129.7993
PSC
751103.0000
4800.0000
7.3200
35.0000
540.0000
25.0000
3130.0000
296-0.0000
0.0000
1500.0000
.0060
2.4000
600.0000
< .0100
9.0000
.0003
.0060
< .1000
68.0000
2719.5223
PSC
760503.0000
4820.0000
8.2300
45.0000
680.0000
0.0000
4540.0000
4220.0000
0.0000
1500.0000
.0280
6.5000
650.0090
< .0200
22.0000
.0011
.1010
0.0000
122.0000
3160.6501
PSC
761109.0000
4640.0000
7.1500
40.0000
245.0000
0.0000
2760.0000
2750.0000
0.0000
1475.0000
.0160
7.6000
660.0000
.0450
23.0000
< .0001
.017J
0.0000
46.0000
2476.6804
PSC
770505.0000
4860.0000
7.0900
26.0000
150.0000
0.0000
1960.0000
1996.0000
0.0000
1350.0000
.0110
1.3000
550.0000
.0400
6.9000
< .0001
.0027
0.0000
10.0000
2066.2536
PSC
780309.0000
4880.0000
7.3600
13.6000
12.0000
0.0000
962.0000
690.0000
0.0000
586.0000
.0160
.6500
170.0000
.2000
4.3000
.0019
.0004
0.0000
2.0000
777.3683
PSC
760316.0000
4900.0000
7.4300
20.0000
10.0000
0.0000
1230.0000
1204.0000
0.0000
662.0000
0.0000
1.5000
230.0000
0.0000
4.6000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
3.0000
931.1000
-------
POND C LEACHATE
WELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COND
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUH
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SOOIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LWC
750428.0000
4920.0000
10. 4000
99.0000
2400.0000
140.0000
7500.0000
4700.0000
73.0000
750.0000
< .0050
.1900
2000.0000
.05ZO
5.4000
< .0002
.0110
0.0000
0.0000
5155.6562
LWC
750429.0000
4940.0000
11.8000
600.0000
2100.0000
140.0000
6500.0000
4600.0000
36.0000
44.0000
< .0050
.1300
2000.0000
.1100
.4000
< .0002
.0110
0.0000
0.0000
4144.6562
LWC
750505.0000
4960.0000
11.9000
720.0000
2100.0000
130.0000
6400.0000
4100.0000
30.0000
23.0000
< .0050
.1000
1900.0000
.1200
.1000
.0010
.0100
0.0000
0.0000
4023.3360
LWC
750707.0000
4980.0000
11.4000
300.0000
1200.0000
1300.0000
5600.0000
3200.0000
2800.0000
190.0000
< .0050
.3700
650.0000
.2200
8.3000
.0250
.0080
0.0000
150.0000
2193.9280
LWC
LWC
750901.0000 760106.0000
5000.0000
9.0000
44.0000
1100.0000
66.0000
50CO.OOOO
3300.0000
36000.0000
620.0000
.0200
1.4000
550.0000
.0160
.2000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
160.0000
2651.6382
5020.0000
7.3000
58.0000
1000.0000
30.0000
4000.0000
3500.0000
370.0000
870.0000
.0200
0.0000
790.0000
.1600
8.8000
.0036
.0030
0.0000
18.0000
2686.9866
LWC
LWC
760301.0000 760517.0000
5040.0000
8.1000
30.0000
380.0000
16.0000
3200.0000
3000.0000
160.0000
1000.0000
.0200
2.5000
980.0000
< .0100
12.0000
< .0002
.0120
0.0000
53.0000
2427.5422
5060.0000
8.2000
3.0000
610.0000
40.0000
4000.0000
3800.0000
370.0000
1200.0000
.0200
6.4000
600.0000
< .0100
8.9000
.0003
.0140
0.0000
0.0000
2625.3443
oo
POND C LEACHATE
HELL DESIG
LWC
DATE 760706.0000
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
CONO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
EOPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SOOIUM
TOTAL ELEM
5060.0000
7.7000
60.0000
260.0000
42.0000
2600.0000
2900.0000
3900.0000
1600.0000
.0350
15.0000
730.0000
.0300
13.0000
.0009
.0160
0.0000
53.0000
2671.0819
LWC
LWC
LWC
LWC
770505.0000 770707.0000 770926.0000 780105.0000
5100.0000
6.9000
30.0000
160.0000
10.0000
2400.0000
2800.0000
53.0000
1700.0000
.0280
4.4000
620.0000
< .0100
9.2000
.0005
.0380
0.0000
27.0000
2520.6765
5120.0000
7.2000
42.0000
140.0000
22.0000
2400.0000
2800.0000
1600.0000
1600.0000
.0320
6.4000
680.0000
.0150
9.0000
.0002
.0250
0.0000
27.0000
2662.4722
5140.0000
7.3000
69.0000
260.0000
33.0000
3400.0000
3000.0000
2200.0000
1600.0000
.0220
5.5000
850.0000
.0260
18.0000
.0007
.0260
0.0000
64.0000
2797.5747
5160.0000
7.3000
48.0000
190.0000
21.0000
2700.0000
2400.0000
2700.0000
1400.0000
.0440
4.0000
650.0000
.0510
13.0000
.0006
.0060
0.0000
28.0000
2285.1016
LWC
LWC
760316.0000 760511.0000
5180.0000
8.0000
32.0000
81.0000
8.0000
2500.0000
2400.0000
47.0000
1300.0000
.OOQQ
l.EOOO
540.0000
< .0100
8.0000
< .0002
.0220
0.0000
17.0000
1947.2412
5200.0000
7.4000
48.0000
70.0000
17.0000
2600.0000
2400.0000
630.0000
1500.0000
.0200
2.8000
670.0000
.0420
10.0000
.0007
.0270
0.0000
20.0000
2272.8897
-------
POND C ItKMMt
MELL OESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
CON9
IDS
TSS
SULFATE
APSENIC
BOPOM
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LUC
750211.0000
5220.0000
7.4600
56.0000
42.0000
20.0000
430.0000
260.0000
0.0000
225.0000
.0050
.1000
20.0000
.0400
14.0000
.0003
.0090
0.0000
0.0000
301.1543
LNC
750428.0000
5240.0000
10.6100
50.0000
2562.0000
0.0000
7500.0000
4720.0000
0.0000
75.0000
.0050
.1000
1960.0000
.3600
3.6000
.0001
.0110
4.5000
0.0000
4625.7761
IMC
760121.0000
5260.0000
6.6600
39.0000
1050.0000
60.0000
4160.0000
3540.0000
0.0000
1175.0000
.0210
1.0000
575.0000
< .0100
9.0000
.0012
.0220
0.0000
143.0000
2953.0542
IMC
760301.0000
5280.0000
0.0000
0.0000
330.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
1550.0090
0.0000
0.0000
600.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
2530.0000
LMC
760503.0000
5300.0000
7.2600
40.0000
530.0000
0.0000
4090.0000
3750.0000
0.0000
1500.0000
.0230
5.5000
700.0000
< .0100
12.0000
.0005
.1730
0.0000
102.0000
2899.7065
LMC
770302.0000
5320.0900
7.3300
35.0000
420.0000
0.0000
3390.0000
3120.0000
0.0000
1690.0000
.0020
5.0000
660.0000
.0600
11.0000
< .0001
.0206
0.0000
89.0000
2894.0627
LWC
770505.0000
5340.0000
6.9900
26.0000
260.0000
0.0000
2530.0000
2606.0000
0.0000
1675.0000
.0160
2.8000
690.0000
.2400
7.0000
< .0001
.0053
0.0000
26.0000
2661.0634
LMC
780309.0000
5360.0000
7.1700
17.0000
54.0000
0.0000
2060.0000
2160.0000
0.0000
1350.0000
.0330
2.6000
450.0000
.2300
11.0000
< .0001
.0001
0.0000
15.0000
1682.8632
POND C LEACHATE
AEROSPACE
HELL DESI6
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COHD
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
APSENIC
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LWC
780316.0000
5380.0000
7.0300
23.6000
62.0000
0.0000
2160.0000
2302.0000
0.0000
1368.0000
0.0000
2.4000
480.0000
0.0000
11.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
16.0000
1959.4000
-------
POND C GROUND HELL 1
WELL DESIG
DATE
PEC NO.
FH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COND
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSEHIC
BOPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GWC1
740722.0000
5400.0000
7.7000
130.0000
10.0000
0.0000
400.0000
360.0000
720.0000
56.0000
< .0050
< .1000
29.0000
.1200
6.1000
0.0000
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
101.3270
740729
5420
7
120
9
0
460
330
61
65
<
<
34
5
<
0
0
134
GWC1
.0000 740805
.0000
.4000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0050
.1000
.0000
.0400
.9000
.0290
.OOCO
.0000
.0000
.0760
5440
7
130
10
0
0
330
26
67
<
<
34
5
<
0
0
116
GUIC1
.0000 740903
.0000
.4000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0050
.1000
.0000
.0320
.7000
.0003
.0020
.0000
.0000
.8393
5460
7
96
7
0
0
450
0
ieo
<
<
83
<
12
<
<
0
0
282
GKC1
.0000 741007
.0000
.5000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0050
.1000
.0000
.0100
.0000
.0002
.OOCO
.0000
.0000
.1172
5460
7
47
13
0
0
370
1000
78
<
<
38
<
7
<
<
0
0
136
GWC1 GWC1
.0000 741209.0000
.0000 5500.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0050 <
.1000
.0000
.0100
.3000
.0002
.OOCO <
.0000
.0000
.4172
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
.0050
-COOO
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0. 0000
.OOCO
0.0000
0.0000
.C070
GUC1
750211.0000
5520.0000
6.6000
130.0000
14.0000
12.0000
450.0000
330.0000
0.0000
55.0000
< .0050
< .1000
33.0000
.0150
48.0000
.0004
< .OOCO
0.0000
0.0000
150.1224
GUC1
750423.0000
5540.0000
7.6000
82.0000
11.0000
7.0000
340.0000
240.0000
12.0000
50.0000
< .0050
.1100
15.0000
.0200
2.7000
.0011
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
78.8361
POND C GROUND WELL 1
WELL OESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
CONO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
sooiuri
TOTAL ELEM
GUC1
750428.0000
5560.0000
7.6000
es.oooo
11.0000
5.0000
530.0000
300.0000
13.0000
0.0000
< .0050
< .1000
19.0000
.0220
3.1000
.0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
33.2292
GWC1
750505.0000
5580.0000
6.7000
110.0000
12.0000
5.0000
450.0000
420.0000
28.0000
18.0000
< .0050
< .1000
32.0000
.0220
4.6000
.0052
< .0050
0.0000
0.0000
56.7372
GWC1
750708.0000
5600.0000
7.0000
120.0000
40.0000
5.0000
440.0000
650.0000
3000.0000
160.0000
< .0050
< .1000
40.0000
.1500
9.3000
.0009
< .0020
0.0000
53.0000
322.5579
GWC1
750901.0000
5620.0000
6.9000
80.0000
13.0000
8.0000
470.0000
550.0000
1200.0000
160.0000
.oroo
.7000
48.0000
.0630
7.4000
.0006
< .OOCO
0.0000
54.0000
£83.1856
GWC1
751103.0000
5640.0000
7.0000
76.0000
15.0000
7.0000
420.0000
400.0000
550.0000
88.0000
< .0050
.2-400
33.0000
.1500
7.1000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
53.0000
196.4962
GWC1
760301.0000
5660.0000
6.5000
80.0000
24.0000
5.0000
360.0000
330.0000
1600.0000
03.0000
< .0100
.1COO
230.0000
.5COO
32.0000
< .0002
< .0040
0.0000
62.0000
431.6542
GWC1
760503.0000
5680.0000
7.1000
100.0000
13.0000
15.0000
530.0000
430.0000
160.0000
190.0000
.0100
.1200
47.0000
.C400
3.9000
< .0002
.0070
0.0000
46.0000
300.2772
GWC1
760712.0000
5700.0000
6.9000
76.0000
14.0000
5.0000
360.0000
320.0000
75.0000
64.0000
< .0050
.0700
18.0000
.4100
3.4000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
54.0000
153.6662
-------
POND C WOUND MEU 1
WELL DESI6
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
cot jo
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
POPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEfl
GWC1
770505.0000
5720.0000
6.3000
90.0000
15.0000
13.0000
370.0000
340.0000
270.0000
64.0000
.0020
.2800
24.0000
.0300
4.2000
.0003
.0040
0.0000
62.0000
169.5163
GWCl
771216.0000
5740.0000
6.5000
110.0000
17.0000
40.0000
460.0000
4SO.OOOO
12000.0000
50.0000
.0120
.2000
34.0000
.1800
8.4000
.0052
< .0020
0.0000
72.0000
161.7992
GWCl
780316.0000
5760.0000
6.3000
73.0000
20.0000
20.0000
3^0.0000
330.0000
240.0000
56.0000
< .0020
.1000
29.0000
.0580
22.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
47.0000
174.1622
GWCl
780511.0000
5780.0000
6.5COO
76.0000
24.0000
11.0000
420.0000
330.0000
210.0000
70.0000
.0050
.1700
19.0000
< .0100
4.5000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
66.0000
183.6862
GWCl
760628.0000
5800.0000
7.2000
60.0000
25.0000
7.0000
410.0000
370.0000
2600.0000
66.0000
< .0040
.2900
14.0000
.0650
3.6000
.0014
< .0010
0.0000
57.0000
165.9614
POND C GROUND HELL 1 AEROSPACE —
HELL OESI6
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
CONO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SEIENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
6WC1
740904.0000
5620.0000
8.0800
106.0000
61.0000
7.0000
590.0000
460.0000
0.0000
250.0000
.0050
.1000
460.0000
.0500
18.0000
.0007
.0040
.2000
0.0000
609.3597
GWCl
750428.0000
5640.0000
7.3700
93.0000
55.0000
48.0000
330.0000
260.0000
0.0000
75.0000
.0050
.1000
12.0000
.0200
4.1000
.0003
.0120
.1900
0.0000
146.4273
GWCl
751103.0000
5860.0000
7.0800
76.0000
64.0000
10.0000
310.0000
340.0000
0.0000
70.0000
.0020
.5000
16.0000
< .0200
5.0000
.0001
.0160
.2000
57.0000
212.7401
GWCl
770505.0000
5880.0000
6.6800
94.0000
70.0000
0.0000
360.0000
328.0000
0.0000
65.0000
.0090
< .0500
17.0000
.0350
3.4000
< .0001
.OOCO
0.0000
53.0000
208.4951
GWCl
780309.0000
5920.0000
6.0500
61.0000
29.0000
0.0000
150.0000
316.0000
0.0000
64.0000
0.0000
< .5000
12.0000
0.0000
4.1000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
52.0000
161.6000
-------
POND C GROUND HELL 2
WELL DESI6
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COND
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
APSEHIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GWCZ
740805.0000
5940.0000
7.3000
68.0000
14.0000
0.0000
0.0000
230.0000
210.0000
48.0000
< .0050
< .1000
31.0000
.0240
8.6000
.0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
101.7312
GWC2
740903.0000
5960.0000
7.3000
80.0000
15.0000
0.0000
0.0000
170.0000
0.0000
30.0000
< .0050
< .1000
23.0000
0.0000
8.4000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
76.5072
GWCZ
741007.0000
5980.0000
7.3000
99.0000
£6.0000
0.0000
0.0000
260.0000
120.0000
30.0000
< .0050
< .1000
26.0COO
< .0100
8.4000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
90.5172
GUC2
741209.0000
6000.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
< .0050
< .1000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
< .0020
0.0000
o.ooco
.1070
GWCZ
750211.0000
6020.0000
7.2000
140.0000
63.0000
13.0000
610.0000
320.0000
0.0000
22.0000
< .0050
< .1000
38.0000
.0440
9.4000
.0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
132.5512
GWCZ
750423.0000
6040.0000
7.2000
150.0000
85.0000
9.0000
540.0000
320.0000
48.0000
17.0000
< .0050
.1700
36 .0000
.0220
12.0000
.0003
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
150.1993
GWCZ
750428.0000
6060.0000
7.2000
150.0000
66.0000
9.0000
570.0000
330.0000
20.0000
Z3.0000
< .0050
.2000
36.0000
.0200
15.0000
.0008
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
140.2278
CMC 2
750505.0000
6060.0000
7.1000
160.0000
100.0000
18.0000
650.0000
400.0000
67.0000
52.0000
< .0050
.2500
44.0000
.0580
13.0000
.0028
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
209.3178
to
POND C GROUND WELL 2
WELL DESI6
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
CONO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
6WC2
750708.0000
6100.0000
7.0000
130.0000
110.0000
12.0000
850.0000
540.0000
3300.0000
110.0000
< .0050
2.5000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
.0009
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
222.5079
GWC2
750901.0000
6120.0000
7.2000
120.0000
110.0000
10.0000
910.0000
840.0000
2500.0000
170.0000
< .0050
2.4000
120.0000
.1000
34.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
52.0000
468.5072
GMC2
751103.0000
6140.0000
7.3000
100.0000
130.0000
23.0000
980.0000
650.0000
4300.0000
200.0000
.0050
.6100
290.0000
.3000
84.0000
< .9002
< .0010
0.0000
59.0000
763.9162
GWC2
760315.0000
6160.0000
7.0000
130.0000
0.0000
5.0000
360.0000
230.0000
650.0000
26.0000
.0100
.5900
28.0000
.4800
22.0000
.0002
.0030
0.0000
26.0000
103.0632
GWC2
760503.0000
6180.0000
8.0000
150.0000
25.0000
25.0000
680.0000
500.0000
540.0000
240.0000
.0100
.6500
98.0000
.0280
13.0000
< .0004
.0040
0.0000
23.0000
399.6924
GWC2
760712.0000
6200.0000
7.5000
130.0000
37.0000
5.0000
410.0000
270.0000
270.0000
41.0000
< .0050
.3600
37.0000
.3200
15.0000
< .0002
.0010
0.0000
28.0000
158.6662
GWCZ
770505.0000
6220.0000
7.2000
120.0000
44.0000
19.0000
480.0000
370.0000
830.0000
92.0000
.0130
.8100
25.0000
.0650
16.0000
.0013
.0060
0.0000
58.0000
235.6953
GWC2
780105.0000
6240.0000
7.2000
84.0000
10.0000
21.0000
290.0000
300.0000
4800.0000
37.0000
.0340
.5500
39.0000
.0780
12.0000
.0010
< .0020
0.0000
24.0000
122.6950
-------
WHO C HOUND WEU I
UEU OESI6
DATE
PEC HO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
can
70S
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
80RON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEH
GWCZ
780316.0000
6260.0000
7.4000
98.0000
6.0000
28.0000
280.0000
190.0000
1900.0000
34.0000
< .0020
.4000
36.0000
.0730
15.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
12.0000
103.4772
6MC2
780511.0000
6280.0000
7.SOOO
100.0000
£0.0000
4.0000
350.0000
220.0000
150.0000
43.0000
.0050
.2900
44.0000
.0350
10.0000
.0003
< .0100
0.0000
17.0000
134.3403
GWC2
780628.0000
6300.0000
7.8000
110.0000
21.0000
4.0000
360.0000
280.0000
2300.0000
6.0000
< .0040
.2600
37.0000
.oeso
9.0000
.0010
< .0010
0.0000
15.0000
88.3540
POND C GROUND HELL 2— AEROSPACE —
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALIHITT
CHLOPIOE
COO
COND
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
APSEMIC
eoPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURr
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELCM
GWC2
740904.0000
6320.0000
7.8800
81.0000
41.0000
0.0000
290.0000
154.0000
0.0000
37.0000
.0050
.4000
36.0000
.0300
13.0000
.0006
.0050
.1000
0.0000
127.5406
6HC2
750428.0000
6340.0000
7.3500
149.0000
99.0000
75.0000
530.0000
340.0000
0.0000
25.0000
.0050
.1000
32.0000
.0500
13.4000
.0003
.0100
.2800
0.0000
169.8453
GUC2
751103.0000
6360.0000
7.2000
101.0000
195.0000
19.0000
950.0000
672.0000
0.0000
150.0000
.0040
3.3000
48.0000
.0200
40.0000
.0002
.0040
.2000
58.0000
494.5202
PMC 2
760315.0000
6380.0000
0.0000
0.0000
42.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
28.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0090
70.0000
GHC2
760503.0000
6400.0000
7.8100
141.0000
54.0000
0.0000
550.0000
406.0000
0.0000
110.0000
.0010
.5000
78.0000
.0100
15.0000
.0096
.0520
0.0000
26.0000
283.5636
GKC2
770505.0000
6420.0000
7.3100
126.0000
98.0000
0.0000
520.0000
324.0000
0.0000
83.0000
< .0010
.6000
44.0000
.0300
11.9000
< .0001
< .0006
0.0000
53.0000
290.7317
GUC2
780309.0000
6440.0000
6.1200
92.0000
23.0000
0.0000
278.0000
206.0000
0.0000
30.0000
.0330
< .5000
26.0000
.2000
11.0000
.0016
.0001
0.0000
15.0000
105.7347
GMC2
780316.0000
6460.0000
8.2600
84.0000
8.4000
0.0000
246.0000
158.0000
0.0000
30.0000
0.0000
< .5000
21.0000
0.0000
8.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
11.0000
78.9000
-------
POND D SUPERNATE
HELL DESI6
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
CONO
IDS
TS5
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PSD
741026.0000
6480.0000
6.9000
270.0000
2400.0000
0.0000
9000.0000
7300.0000
93.0000
1700.0000
.1800
110.0000
1500.0000
< .01SO
190.0000
< .0002
. 0-tOO
0.0000
0.0900
. 5900.2302
PSD
741209.0000
6500.0000
9.2000
310.0000
1000.0000
170.0000
5200.0000
4400.0000
1700.0000
980.0000
.0200
42.0000
1100.0000
< .0100
40.0000
< .0002
.0260
0.0000
0.0000
3162.0582
PSO
750211.0000
6520.0000
8.5000
97.0000
950.0000
11.0000
4000.0000
3400.0000
2900.0000
1100.0000
.2400
49.0000
Q30.0000
.0270
170.0000
< .oooe
.0750
0.0000
0.0000
3099.3422
PSD
750217.0000
6540.0000
8.3000
120.0000
1100.0000
19.0000
5600.0000
4400.0000
0.0000
2000.0000
.3000
64.0000
1000.0000
< .0100
200.0000
< .0002
.0800
0.0000
0.0000
4364.3902
PSO
750224.0000
6560.0000
8.1000
170.0000
670.0000
14.0000
3700.0000
3000.0000
90.0000
950.0000
.1200
35.0000
970.0000
.0120
180.0000
< .0002
.0600
0.0000
0.0000
2805.1922
PSD
750428.0000
6580.0000
8.0000
35.0000
260.0000
16.0000
1900.0000
1700.0000
8.0000
750.0000
.0050
11.0000
360.0000
< .0100
34.0000
< .0002
.0160
0.0000
0.0000
1415.0332
PSD
750708.0000
6600.0000
8.4000
40.0000
200.0000
31.0000
2700.0000
2900.0000
7.0000
130.0000
.0350
10.0000
850.0000
< .0100
17.0000
.0016
< .00:0
0.0000
13.0000
1220.0486
PSD
750901.0000
6620.0000
8.0000
38.0000
200.0000
39.0000
3300.0000
3500.0000
11.0000
2600.0000
.4700
16.0000
1200.0000
.0230
22.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
20.0000
4058.4952
POND 0 SUPERNATE
WELL DESIS
DATE
REC HO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
cotro
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PSD
751103.0000
6640.0000
8.3000
33.0000
90.0000
36.0000
2500.0000
2600.0000
14.0000
1200.0000
.5600
11.0000
710.0000
< .0100
36.0000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
22.0000
2069.5912
PSD
760106.0000
6660.0000
7.6000
30.0000
32.0000
5.0000
1000.0000
1000.0000
IS. 0000
660.0000
< .0050
0.0000
360.0000
.0100
14.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
7.0000
1073.0172
PSD
760301.0000
6680.0000
7.3000
24.0000
23.0000
0.0000
1000.0000
960.0000
2.0000
650.0000
.0250
1.0000
340.0000
< .0100
14.0000
.0006
.0040
0.0000
7.5000
1035.5396
PSO
760503.0000
6700.0000
7.8000
36.0000
23.0000
35.0000
1600.0000
1600.0000
74.0000
850.0000
.0100
1.0000
320.0000
< .0100
14.0000
< .0002
< .00*0
0.0000
12.0000
1220.0242
PSD
760706.0000
6720.0000
7.4000
42.0000
50.0000
25.0000
1100.0000
1200.0000
4.0000
1300.0000
.0480
.7000
320.0000
< .0100
6.9000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
0.0000
1679.6592
PSD
760909.0000
6740.0000
7.^000
660.0000
14.0000
45.0000
1600.0000
680.0000
9200.0000
2000.0000
.1600
1.7000
470.0000
.0910
32.0000
< .0002
.0020
0.0000
13.0000
2530.9732
PSD
761109.0000
6760.0000
7.1000
30.0000
90.0000
17.0000
1900.0000
2700.0000
8.0000
2100.0000
.0140
2.6000
560.0000
< .0100
41.0000
.0006
.0030
0.0000
19.0000
2832.6276
PSO
770223.0000
6760.0000
7.7000
53.0000
26.0000
24.0000
1600.0000
2400.0000
10.0000
160.0000
.0040
3.4000
610.0000
< .0100
23.0000
.0006
.0060
0.0000
13.0000
835.4206
-------
HELL OESIG
PSD
PSD
PSD
PSD
DATE 770504.0000 770707.0000 770926.0000 771104.0000
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COHO
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
PO"OH
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
6800.0000
6.3000
30.0000
8.0000
16.0000
1100.0000
1200.0000
5.0000
850.0000
.0250
.8000
340.0090
< .0100
8.9000
< .0002
< .0040
0.0000
7.3000
1215.0392
6820.0000
7.1000
26.0000
11.0000
24.0000
1600.0000
1900.0000
5.0000
1300.0000
.0870
.9400
460.0000
< .0100
6.8000
< .0002
.0030
0.0000
9.3000
1790.1402
6640.0000
7.3000
30.0000
7.0000
32.0000
1600.0000
1500.0000
7.0000
910.0000
.0860
.5400
480.0000
< .0100
9.4000
.0008
< .0020
0.0000
7.8000
1414.8388
6860.0000
7.5000
33.0000
7.0000
22.0000
1900.0000
1800.0000
11.0000
1100.0000
.0330
.7100
710.0000
< .0100
12.0000
< .0002
.0010
0.0000
7.4000
1637.1542
PSD
771216.0000
6880.0000
7.0000
26.0000
3.0000
9.0000
620.0000
450.0000
3.0000
260.0000
< .0020
.2COO
140.0000
< .0100
5.6000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
4.2000
433.2342
PSD
780316.0000
6900.0000
7.3000
36.0000
2.0000
7.0000
450.0000
330.0000
3.0000
56.0000
.P040
.1200
70.0000
< .0100
3.7000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
2.2000
136.0362
PSO
PSO
780511.0000 780628.0000
6920.0000
7.2000
40.0000
2.0000
22.0000
780.0000
610.0000
7.0000
350.0000
.0220
.1300
170.0000
< .0100
6.4000
.0006
< .0010
0.0000
4.2000
532.7636
6940.0000
7.2000
35.0000
2.0000
37.0000
1700.0000
1500.0000
16.0000
1000.0000
.0620
.5000
470.0000
< .0100
11.0000
.0003
< .0010
0.0000
6.7000
1490.2933
in
POND D SUPEBNATE
AEROSPACE —
WELL DESIG
DATE
REC HO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COM)
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOPOM
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
HEPCUPV
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PSO
741026.0000
6960.0000
8.7000
0.0000
3000.0000
0.0000
5600.0000
6340.0000
30.0000
1550.0000
.0050
98.0000
1640.0000
.0400
.6000
9.0000
.0409
2.6000
0.0000
6291.4059
PSO
750211.0000
6980.0000
8.2700
66.0000
1100.0000
0.0000
3600.0000
3020.0000
0.0000
950.0000
.2600
44.0000
560.0000
.2100
152.0000
0.0000
.0620
1.5000
0.0000
2608.0520
PSO
750707.0000
7000.0000
7.4800
45.0000
205.0000
95.0000
2440.0000
3320.0000
0.0000
1700.0000
.0900
8.0000
460.0000
.0500
15.5000
0.0000
.0020
.3600
0.0000
2369.0020
PSO
751103.0000
7020.0000
7.2800
41.0000
225.0000
40.0000
2380.0000
2530.0000
0.0000
1625.0000
.0040
7.6000
600.0000
< .0100
37.0000
.0002
.0020
.1000
26.0000
2520.9162
PSO
760503.0000
7040.0000
6.9200
35.0000
84.0000
0.0000
1580.0000
1620.0000
0.0000
1000.0000
.0340
1.5000
400.0000
< .0100
19.0000
.0013
.0170
0.0000
120.0000
1624.5623
PSD
761109.0000
7060.0000
7.2300
46.0000
135.0000
0.0000
2330.0000
2514.0000
0.0000
1475.0000
.0160
4.0000
650.0000
.0350
30.0000
< .0001
< .0006
0.0000
22.0000
2316.0517
PSD
770505.0000
7060.0000
6.8100
27.0000
110.0000
0.0000
1190.0000
1118.0000
0.0000
775.0000
.0140
1.2000
330.0000
.0600
7.0000
< .0001
.0027
0.0000
7.8000
1231.0768
PSD
780309.0000
7100.0000
7.3200
6.0000
1.5000
0.0000
73.0000
36.0000
0.0000
12.0000
< .0040
< .5000
11.0000
.2000
1.1000
.0006
.0001
0.0000
1.0000
27.3047
-------
POND 0 SUPERNATE
— AEROSPACE —
HELL DESI6
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COt JO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
POP OH
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PSD
780316.0000
7120.0000
7.5700
33.0000
z.aooo
0.0000
311.0000
258.0000
0.0000
135.0000
0.0000
.8000
46.0000
0.0000
4.1000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
z.sooo
190.6000
-------
POND 0
HELL DESI6
DATE
PEC NO.
FH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
conn
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
APSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LMD
74102ft. 0000
7140.0000
7.6000
40.0000
210.0000
0.0000
1700.0000
1300.0000
lao.oooo
590.0000
.0050
4.4000
240.0000
< .0100
29.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
1073.4172
LHD
741209.0000
7160.0000
a.eooo
200.0000
0.0000
60.0000
6500.0000
5200.0000
220.0000
590.0000
.0200
69.0000
1500.0000
< .0100
76.0000
< .0002
.0480
0.0000
0.0000
2245.0782
LWO
750211.0000
7180.0000
9.0000
160.0000
1400.0000
13.0000
5000.0000
4200.0000
0.0000
1200.0000
.0080
58.0000
1200.0000
.0150
66.0000
.0007
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
3924.1057
LWD
750217.0000
7200.0000
9.1000
140.0000
310.0000
15.0000
4300.0000
3700.0000
0.0000
0.0000
.1100
48.0000
990.0000
.0370
56.0000
.0035
.1000
0.0000
0.0000
1406.2505
LWD
750226.0000
7220.0000
9.0000
120.0000
560.0000
0.0000
3200.0000
3500.0000
34.0000
1200.0000
.0700
39.0000
1200.0000
.0280
84.0000
.0013
.0160
0.0000
0.0000
3083.1153
LWO
750428.0000
7240.0000
0.7000
120.0000
1500.0000
27.0000
4400.0000
4000.0000
20.0000
1600.0000
.1600
47.0000
1100.0000
.0300
140.0000
.0008
.ooeo
0.0000
0.0000
4387.1988
LWD
750707.0000
7260.0000
8.3000
110.0000
610.0000
20.0000
4600.0000
4500.0000
1400.0000
1100.0000
.0060
55.0000
940.0000
.1600
180.0000
.0075
.0480
0.0000
38.0000
3123.2435
LWO
750901.0000
7280.0000
7.7000
54.0000
680.0000
21.0000
4200.0000
6000.0000
100.0000
1700.0000
1.0000
54.0000
1200.0000
.0210
170.0000
< .0002
.0140
0.0000
30.0000
3835.0352
•>• POND D LEACHATE
•N!
WELL OESIG
DATE
REC NO.
FH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COND
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
APSENIC
BOPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCUPr
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LWD
751103.0000
7300.0000
6.9000
31.0000
450.0000
36.0000
3500.0000
3400.0000
120.0000
1200.0000
.0400
31.0000
940.0000
< .0100
79.0000
< .0002
.0060
0.0000
14.0000
2714.0562
LWO
760106.0000
7320.0000
9.0000
68.0000
260.0000
leo.oooo
2600.0000
2800.0000
220.0000
1200.0000
.1700
16.0000
1000.0000
.0700
26.0000
.0004
< .0040
0.0000
6.7000
2510.9444
LWD
760301.0000
7340.0000
6.8000
48.0000
56.0000
82.0000
2500.0000
2600.0000
23.0000
1100.0000
.4800
9.5000
1000.0000
.0750
16.0000
.0002
< .0040
0.0000
11.0000
2195.0592
LWO
760503.0000
7360.0000
7.6000
26.0000
160.0000
40.0000
2500.0000
2600.0000
7.0000
1200.0000
.1200
6.3000
470.0000
.0100
14.0000
< .0002
.0060
0.0000
17.0000
1889.4382
LWO
760706.0000
7380.0000
7.4000
54.0000
190.0000
54.0000
2400.0000
3000.0000
2400.0000
1500.0000
.4800
13.0000
640.0000
.0210
29.0000
.0006
.0320
0.0000
22.0000
2394.5338
LWO
760909.0000
7400.0000
6.0000
11.0000
100.0000
32.0000
eioo.oooo
2600.0000
4200.0000
2100.0000
.1700
7.4000
350.0000
.0220
20.0000
< .0002
.0020
0.0000
65.0000
2662.5942
LWD
761109.0000
7420.0000
4.6000
1.0000
100.0000
46.0000
2000.0000
2700.0000
10.0000
2300.0000
.4500
8.0000
640.0000
< .0100
22.0000
< .0002
.0130
0.0000
10.0000
3080.4732
LWO
770215.0000
7440.0000
6.6000
11.0000
100.0000
9.0000
2200.0000
2600.0000
27.0000
1800.0000
.2400
4.6000
700.0000
< .0100
19.0000
< .0002
.0100
0.0000
12.0000
2635.8602
-------
POND D LEACHATE
HELL DESI6
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
cot 10
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
two
770302.0000
7460.0000
6.2000
S.OOOO
100.0000
58.0000
2000.0000
2600.0000
46.0000
1800.0000
.0700
16.0000
570.0000
.0100
15.0000
< .0002
.0140
0.0000
13.0000
2514.0942
two
770504.0000
7480.0000
4.8000
4.0000
52.0000
36.0000
2000.0000
2600.0000
100.0000
1900.0000
.7000
4.8000
660.0000
.0120
18.0000
.0006
.0210
0.0000
11.0000
2646.5336
LHD
770713.0000
7500.0000
5.4000
5.0000
44.0000
120.0000
2300.0000
3300.0000
1400.0000
2100.0000
.1600
4.6000
630.0000
< .0100
22.0000
< .0002
.0140
0.0000
16.0000
2816.7842
LMO
770926.0000
7520.0000
5.4000
6.0000
24.0000
320.0000
2900.0000
2800.0000
6500.0000
1800.0000
.2200
4.0000
850.0000
.0150
26.0000
.0019
.1100
0.0000
12.0000
2716.3469
I WO
771104.0000
7540.0000
9.4000
75.0000
69.0000
34.0000
2600.0000
2600.0000
4200.0000
1800.0000
.0140
3.3000
990.0000
.0260
12.0000
.0006
.0300
0.0000
8.5000
2882.8706
LUO
771220.0000
7560.0000
4.7000
1.0000
16.0000
42.0000
2500.0000
2500.0000
4400.0000
1500.0000
.6200
2.2000
710.0000
.02CO
8.8000
.0008
.0060
0.0000
9.3000
2246.9488
two
760316.0000
7580.0000
4.0000
0.0000
14.0000
44.0000
2300.0000
2300.0000
1600.0000
1200.0000
.0880
1.2000
680.0000
< .0100
7.1000
< .0002
.0020
0.0000
7.7000
1910.1002
LUO
780511.0000
7600.0000
4.1000
0.0000
11.0000
5.0000
2300.0000
2300.0000
130.0000
1500.0000
.4400
1.3000
580.0000
.0500
7.1000
.0010
.0030
0.0000
8.1000
2107.9940
00
POND D LEACHATE
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC MO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COMO
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOPOM
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
780628
7620
6
9
9
19
2400
2300
330
1500
810
6
0
0
2334
LWD
0000
0000
,3000
0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0620
.6800
,0000
.0540
,3000
0012
.0010
0000
3000
5982
-------
WHO 0 ICACHATt
WROSPIkCE —
HELL DESI6
DATE
REC NO.
m
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
CONO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
APSEMIC
BOP ON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCUPY
SEIEI4IW1
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LWD
741028.0000
7640.0000
7.6200
0.0000
265.0000
75.0000
1600.0000
1210.0000
790.0000
425.0000
.0040
7.6000
150.0000
.0130
8.1000
0.0000
.0066
1.3000
0.0000
877.2236
LWO
750211.0000
7660.0000
8.9600
53.0000
1300.0000
0.0000
5000.0000
3960.0000
0.0000
1425.0000
.0300
52.0000
960.0000
.2600
63.0000
0.0000
.0160
6.1000
0.0000
3806.4060
LWO
750707.0000
7660.0000
8.0300
130.0000
940.0000
95.0000
4270.0000
4240.0000
0.0000
1600.0000
.2100
58.0000
900.0000
.0500
18.0000
.0002
.0550
.4000
0.0000
3516.7152
LWO
751103.0000
7700.0000
4.5900
0.0000
490.0000
25.0000
570.0000
3370.0000
0.0000
1750. 0000
.0120
32.0000
760.0000
< .0100
99.0000
.0005
.0060
1.0000
14.0000
3146.0235
LWD
760121.0000
7720.0000
7.7900
1.0000
970.0000
50.0000
2740.0000
2970.0000
0.0000
1375.0000
.3400
1.3000
675.0000
< .0100
37.0000
.0012
.0040
0.0000
17.0000
3075.6552
LWO
760503.0000
7740.0000
5.6500
3.0000
240.0000
0.0000
2360.0000
2560.0000
0.0000
1400.0000
.9050
6.5000
600.0000
< .0100
18.0000
.0013
.0650
0.0000
17.0000
2282.4813
LWO
761109.0000
7760.0000
2.6000
0.0000
170.0000
0.0000
2670.0000
2436.0000
0.0000
1450.0000
.3200
8.8000
650.0000
.0250
14.0000
< .0001
.0047
0.0000
10.0000
2303.1493
LWO
770302.0000
7700.0000
2.6000
0.0000
155.0000
0.0000
2520.0000
£514.0000
0.0000
1725.0000
.6700
6.0000
630.0000
.0650
13.0000
< .0001
< .0006
0.0000
10.0000
2539.7357
POMD 0 LEACHATE
— AEROSPACE
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLCPIOE
COD
COND
70S
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
EOCPM
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGMESIUT1
MEPCUPY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LWD
770504.0000
7800.0000
5.3200
2.0000
160.0000
0.0000
2360.0000
2402.0000
0.0000
1625.0000
5.3000
4.7500
660.0000
.2300
13.9000
.0003
.0013
0.0000
10.2000
2499.3816
LWO
780309.0000
7620.0000
4.1800
0.0000
15.0000
0.0000
2070.0000
2164.0000
0.0000
1400.0000
.2500
2.6000
460.0000
.1400
8.8000
.0002
.0003
0.0000
7.0000
1893.7905
LWO
780316.0000
7640.0000
4.2800
0.0000
9.0000
0.0000
2060.0000
2277.0000
0.0000
1475.0000
0.0000
2.2000
500.0000
9.6000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
9.5000
2005.5000
-------
POND D GROUND HELL 1
WELL OESI6
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COND
IDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOROM
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GW01
740722.0000
7860.0000
7.1000
72.0000
20.0000
0.0000
220.0000
210.0000
2100.0000
16.0000
.0150
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
36.0172
GWD1
7^.0729.0000
78eo.oooo
6.8000
110.0000
50.0000
0.0000
420.0000
260.0000
100.0000
22.0000
.0080
< .1000
27.0000
.0790
11.0000
.0010
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
110.1900
GU01
740805.0000
7900.0000
6.7000
140.0000
72.0000
0.0000
0.0000
330.0000
15.0000
14.0000
.0060
< .1000
30.0000
.0490
11.0000
< .OOOZ
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
127.1572
GUD1
740903.0000
7920.0000
7.0000
140.0000
110.0000
0. 0000
0.0000
410.0000
0.0000
12.0000
.0050
< .1000
29.0000
0.0000
13.0000
< .0002
< .COCO
0.0000
0.0000
164. 1072
GUD1
741007.0000
7940.0000
6.8000
60.0000
89.0000
0.0000
0.0000
330.0000
64.0000
40.0000
.0050
< .1000
18.0000
.0100
6.8000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
155.9172
GUD1
741028.0000
7960.0000
6.9000
52.0000
170.0000
0.0000
670.0000
420.0000
6600.0000
85.0000
< .0050
< .1000
17.0000
< .0100
7.3000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
279.4172
GWD1
741104.0000
7960.0000
7.3000
100.0000
17.0000
0.0000
670.0000
510.0000
2200.0000
160.0000
< .0050
.2500
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
177.2570
GWD1
741111.0000
8000.0000
7.8000
52.0000
12.0000
0.0000
600.0000
0.0000
0.0000
340.0000
< .0050
< .1000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
352.1070
00
o
POND 0 GROUND HELL 1
WEIL DESIG GU01
DATE 741209.0000
PEC NO. 8020.0000
FH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COUD
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC <
BOBON <
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM <
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
.0050
.1000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
.0020
0.0000
0.0000
.1070
GUD1
750211.0000
8040.0000
6.9000
140.0000
150.0000
14.0000
700.0000
420.0000
0.0000
24.0000
< .0050
0.0000
66.0000
.0160
9.1000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
249.1232
GU01
750217.0000
8060.0000
6.7000
150.0000
100.0000
24.0000
660.0000
360.0000
0.0000
7.0000
< .0050
< .1000
38.0000
.0320
8.9000
.0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
154.0392
GWD1
750224.0000
6030.0000
6.7000
140.0000
100.0000
16.0000
660.0000
350.0000
190.0000
9.0000
< .0050
.1300
37.0000
.0900
16.0000
.0020
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
162.2290
GW01
750428.0000
8100.0000
6.9000
150.0000
240.0000
14.0000
690-.0000
410.0000
12.0000
36.0000
< .0050
.1600
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
.0005
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
278.1675
GUD1
750708.0000
8120.0000
6.9000
140.0000
160.0000
22.0000
890.0000
7-VO.OOOO
720.0000
74.0000
< .0050
.2200
53.0000
.2600
22.0000
.0011
< .0020
0.0000
110.0000
419.4881
GW01
750901.0000
8140.0000
7.0000
140.0000
320.0000
13.0000
1400.0000
870.0000
340.0000
320.0000
.0050
.6000
99.0000
.0190
29.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
120.0000
888.6262
GU'Dl
751103.0000
6160.0000
7.1000
54.0000
320.0000
0.0000
1200.0000
BOO. 0000
170.0000
130.0000
< .0050
.2400
160.0000
.3400
61.0000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
160.0000
831.5862
-------
POND 0 WOUND MtU 1
WELL DESI6
DATE
RCC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
co>fl)
TO 5
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOP CM
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCUPY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GH01
760315.0000
eieo.oooo
6.5000
61.0000
0.0000
13.0000
1300.0000
810.0000
490.0000
20.0POO
< .0100
.0700
160.0000
.3400
29.0000
.0002
.0020
0.0000
190.0000
399.4222
6W01
760503.0000
6200.0000
7.1000
66.0000
240.0000
27.0000
1100.0000
650.0000
400.0000
40.0000
< .0050
.1300
40.0000
.0120
15.0000
< .0002
< .0040
0.0000
140.0000
475.1512
GUQ1
760712.0000
82ZO.OOOO
7.3000
110.0000
350.0000
34.0000
1300.0000
830.0000
140.0000
40.0000
< .0050
.1700
02.0000
4.0000
27.0000
.0002
.0020
0.0000
100.0000
683.1772
GVID1
760914.0000
6240.0000
6.7000
62.0000
450.0000
42.0000
1500.0000
1100.0000
1300.0000
110.0000
< .0050
.1900
77.0000
.1600
33.0000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
18.0000
688.3562
6M01
770504.0000
8260.0000
6.5000
75.0000
310.0000
36.0000
1400.0000
750.0000
1300.0000
60.0000
.0380
.3000
64.0000
.0660
20.0000
.0028
< .0040
0.0000
150.0000
604.4306
6U01
771216.0000
8280.0000
6.6000
53.0000
reo.oooo
130.0000
1300.0000
770.0000
6700.0000
100.0000
.0090
.2400
49.0000
.2500
26.0000
.0006
.0030
0.0000
170.0000
625.5026
GU01
760316.0000
8300.0000
7.0000
76.0000
300.0000
60.0003
1600.0000
860.0000
210.0000
150.0000
< .0020
.2000
90.0000
< .0100
25.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
210.0000
775.2142
euoi
760511.0000
63*0.0000
7.1000
98.0000
240.0000
23.0000
1300.0000
60.0000
5600.0000
48.0000
.1200
.1100
68.0000
.4200
35.0000
.0041
< .0010
0.0000
170.0000
581.6551
CO
POND 0 GROUND HELL 1
HELL OESI6
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COND
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOPOM
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
500 IIM
TOTAL ELEM
6H01
700620.0000
6340.0000
7.7000
120.0000
290.0000
16.0000
1600.0000
990.0000
11000.0000
290.0000
< .0040
.5300
110.0000
.1600
40.0000
.0012
.0010
0.0000
200.COOO
930.6962
-------
POND D GROUND HELL 1 AEROSPACE
HELL DESIG
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COHD
TOS
T5S
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGMESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GWD1
741007.0000
6360.0000
7.7000
76.0000
170.0000
25.0000
380.0000
696.0000
0.0000
29.0000
.0040
.1000
10.0000
.0500
7.4000
.0010
.0020
28.0000
0.0000
244.5570
GW01
741028.0000
8360.0000
7.4800
0.0000
210.0000
0.0000
660.0000
324.0000
1010.0000
29.0000
.0040
.2000
20.0000
.0130
11.2000
.0013
.0000
.1000
0.0000
270.5263
6U01
750211.0000
8400.0000
7.4900
138.0000
135.0000
40.0000
640.0000
372.0000
0.0000
10.0000
.0050
1.0000
28.0000
.0400
17.0000
.0003
.0050
.6000
0.0000
191.6503
GW01
751103.0000
8420.0000
7.0100
60.0000
440.0000
25.0000
1.1000
690.0000
0.0000
15.0000
.0060
.9000
32.0000
< .0100
25.0000
.0003
.0040
.1000
149.0000
662.0203
GU01
760503.0000
8440. 0000
7.2700
86.0000
500.0000
0.0000
1.1000
642.0000
0.0000
18.0000
.0130
.5000
56.0000
< .0100
26.0000
.0006
.0520
0.0000
148.0000
748.5756
GUD1
770405.0000
8460.0000
7.1500
6S.OOOO
360.0000
0.0000
1140.0000
646.0000
0.0000
50.0000
< .0010
1.0000
55.0000
.0350
18.9000
< .0001
< .0006
0.0000
142.0000
626.9367
GUD1
780309.0000
8480.0000
8.0400
72.0000
730.0000
0.0000
1520.0000
looa.oooo
0.0000
200.0000
.0600
< .5000
80.0000
.2000
40.0000
.0026
.0004
0.0000
210.0000
1260.7630
GWD1
780316.0000
8500.0000
7.7700
46.0000
600.0000
0.0000
1560.0000
1020.0000
0.0000
210.0000
0.0000
< .5000
80.0000
0.0000
37.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
225.0000
1152.5000
oo
to
-------
POND
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COND
TDS
TSS
5ULFATE
APSEHIC
ECPOS
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PSE
750211.0000
8520.0000
11.9000
410.0000
170.0000
6.0000
2600.0000
1300.0000
6.0000
220.0000
< .0050
.1100
19.0000
< .0100
.3000
.0008
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
409.^278
PSE
750428.0000
8540.0000
10.2000
34.0000
110.0000
9.0000
1600.0000
1200.0000
12.0000
390.0000
< .0050
.3300
170.0000
.0360
1.0000
< .0002
.0030
0.0000
0.0000
671.3742
PSE
750708.0000
8560.0000
7.5000
27.0000
100.0000
7.0000
2000.0000
1700.0000
19.0000
840.0000
.0100
.6600
260.0000
.0110
3.7000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
140.0000
1344.3932
PSE
750901.0000
8580.0000
7.9000
26.0000
ea.oooo
15.0000
2500.0000
2200.0000
46.0000
1400.0000
.0100
.8000
400.0000
.0170
3.3000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
180.0000
2072.1292
PSE
751103.0000
8600.0000
7.9000
27.0000
110.0000
14.0000
2600.0000
2400.0000
120.0000
1100.0000
.0050
.2500
360.0000
.1000
4.1000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
190.0000
1764.4562
PSE
760106.0000
8620.0000
7.6000
32.0000
40.0000
8.0000
1200.0000
1ZOO.OOOO
26.0000
650.0000
< .0050
0.0000
400.0000
< .0100
4.5000
< .0002
.0040
0.0000
56.0000
1350.5192
PSE
760301.0000
8640.0000
8.0000
22.0000
6S.OOOO
14.0000
2300.0000
2200.0000
5.0000
1100.0000
.0050
.2200
500.0000
< .0100
2.1000
< .0002
< .0040
0.0000
170.0000
1840.3392
PSE
760503.0000
8660.0000
7.6000
32.0000
42.0000
27.0000
2400.0000
2300.0000
7.0000
1400.0000
< .0050
.2000
410.0000
< .0100
5.6000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
110.0000
1968.1072
00 POND E SUPEWATE
O)
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLOPIOE
COO
COND
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
APSENIC
BOPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCUPY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PSE
760706.0000
8680.0000
7.3000
36.0000
22.0000
13.0000
1300.0000
1300.0000
14.0000
770.0000
< .0050
.5COO
300.0000
.0410
3.0000
< .0002
.0010
0.0000
38.0000
1133.6372
PSE
760914.0000
8700.0000
e.oooo
39.0000
43.0000
33.0000
2200.0000
2700.0000
82.0000
2200.0000
< .0050
1.2000
530.0000
.0320
4.9000
.0004
.0010
0.0000
59.0000
2838.1384
PSE
761109.0000
8720.0000
0.7000
22.0000
90.0000
14.0000
2000.0000
2400.0000
6.0000
1500.0000
< .0020
.6900
660.0000
< .0100
6.6000
< .0002
.0030
0.0000
110.0000
2367.5052
PSE
770223.0000
6740.0000
7.6000
34.0000
39.0000
15.0000
1200.0000
1100.0000
5.0000
870.0000
.0040
.5700
280.0000
< .0100
4.0000
.0002
.0020
0.0000
48.0000
1241.5P.62
PSE
770505.0000
8760.0000
6.8000
29.0000
16.0000
14.0000
1100.0000
1200.0000
6.0000
680.0000
.0090
.7000
270.0000
< .0100
4.0000
< .0002
.0030
0.0000
26.0000
996.7222
PSE
770707.0000
8780.0000
7.0000
32.0000
16.0000
16.0000
1000.0000
1000.0000
77.0000
0.0000
.0050
.6400
260.0000
< .0100
3.8000
< .0002
.OOcO
0.0000
21.0000
301.4572
PSE
770926.0000
6800.0000
7.3000
33.0000
42.0000
34.0000
1300.0000
1100.0000
38.0000
330.0000
.0040
.7200
220.0000
.0120
3.2000
< ,0002
< .0010
0.0000
32.0000
627.9372
-------
POND E SUPERNATE
— AEROSPACE —
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COt JO
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PSE
750211.0000
6620.0000
11.7900
536.0000
365.0000
20.0000
2900.0000
1440.0000
0.0000
250.0000
.0040
.4000
24.0000
.0500
30.0000
0.0000
.0013
.2800
0.0000
669.7353
PSE
750707.0000
6840.0000
6.9500
26.0000
245.0000
80.0000
1660.0000
1720.0000
0.0000
1000.0000
.0040
.7000
260.0000
.0500
3.3000
.0001
.0190
.1600
190.0000
1699.2531
PSE
751103.0000
6860.0000
7.2100
74.0000
170.0000
10.0000
2380.0000
2380.0000
0.0000
1375.0000
.0060
.6000
80.0000
< .0200
5.0000
.0002
.0160
.4000
195.0000
1826.2422
PSE
760503.0000
6880.0000
6.6600
32.0000
110.0000
0.0000
2270.0000
2310.0000
0.0000
1400.0000
.0230
1.5000
450.0000
< .0100
7.0000
.0007
.0430
0.0000
114.0000
2082.5767
PSE
761109.0000
6900.0000
7.1100
20.0000
175.0000
0.0000
2370.0000
2364.0000
0.0000
1425.0000
.0160
2.0000
500.0000
.0350
5.0000
< .0001
< .0006
0.0000
102.0000
2209.0517
PSE
770505.0000
8920.0000
6.8000
26.0000
110.0000
O.OOCO
1220.0000
1102.0000
0.0000
700.0000
.0030
1.9500
270.0000
.0750
3.2000
.0004
.0033
0.0000
25.0000
1110.2317
-------
POND t
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COHO
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
POPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LWE
750211.0000
8940.0000
7.9000
120.0000
1000.0000
56.0000
4000.0000
2400.0000
0.0000
300.0000
.0270
.6800
98.0000
.0480
5.1000
.0005
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
1403.8575
LWE
750428.0000
8960.0000
11.1000
4»0.0000
0.0000
320.0000
0.0000
3400.0000
14.0000
670.0000
.1400
.1400
13.0000
.0200
.5000
.0013
.0460
0.0000
0.0000
683.6473
LWE
750707.0000
8960.0000
11.2000
700.0000
650.0000
180.0000
4600.0000
2°00.0000
9300.0000
370.0000
.1100
< .1000
63.0000
.0550
23.0000
.0033
< .OOCO
0.0000
750.0000
1876.2703
LWE
750901.0000
9000.0000
10.7000
550.0000
25.0000
150.0000
4000. 0000
2700.0000
7600.0000
1100.0000
.0550
.8000
83.0000
.1400
13.0000
.0012
.0170
0.0000
610.0000
1832.0132
LWE
751103.0000
9020.0000
10.5000
330.0000
320.0000
240.0000
3700.0000
2700.0000
14.0000
850.0000
.0960
.3500
14.0000
< .0100
.2000
.0008
.0060
0.0000
630.0000
1814.6628
LWE
760106.0000
9040.0000
9.5000
190.0000
370.0000
110.0000
3300.0000
2700.0000
980.0000
1300.0000
.0550
3.0000
49.0000
.6100
3.5000
.0047
.0080
0.0000
0.0000
1726.1777
LHE
760301.0000
9060.0000
9.9000
110.0000
400.0000
0.0000
3700.0000
2800.0000
92.0000
1100.0000
.0650
.3000
28.0000
.0620
.9000
.0014
.0100
0.0000
0.0000
1619.3384
LHE
760503.0000
9080.0000
8.2000
110.0000
420.0000
110. OOCO
3eoo.oooo
2400.0000
1200.0000
1000.0000
0.0000
.0500
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
.0028
< .0040
0.0000
0.0000
1420.0568
00
POND E LEACHATE
WELL OESIG
DATE
REC NO.
FH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COND
TO 5
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
EOPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LWE
760706.0000
9100.0000
7.6000
60.0000
350.0000
55.0000
3400.0000
2900.0000
150.0000
1000.0000
.0300
.5500
100.0000
.0130
11.0000
< .0002
.0060
0.0000
610.0000
2071.6012
LWE
761109.0000
9120.0000
7.3000
64.0000
260.0000
25.0000
3300.0000
3800.0000
63.0000
0.0000
.0170
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
.0004
0.0000
0.0000
140.0000
400.0174
LWE
770215.0000
9140.0000
7.9000
53.0000
190.0000
6.0000
3500.0000
3700.0000
98.0000
840.0000
.0040
.5800
500.0000
< .0100
25.0000
< .0020
.0030
0.0000
460.0000
2015. 5^90
LWE
770505.0000
9160.0000
6.4000
33.0000
220.0000
17.0000
3200.0000
3200.0000
14.0000
2500.0000
.0140
.4900
340.0000
< .0100
14.0000
.0006
.0020
0.0000
420.0000
3494.5166
LWE
770707.0000
9180.0000
7.2000
44.0000
180.0000
27.0000
3100.0000
3400.0000
340.0000
2200.0000
.0170
.6500
410.0000
< .0100
19.0000
.0003
.0050
0.0000
320.0000
3129.6623
LWE
770926.0000
°200.0000
7.2000
36.0000
120.0000
26.0000
3600.0000
3100.0000
18.0000
1900.0000
.0100
.7000
630.0000
.0120
13.0000
< .0002
.0030
0.0000
280.0000
2943.7252
LWE
771108.0000
9220.0000
7.8000
54.0000
180.0000
0.0000
4100.0000
3500.0000
41.0000
2000.0000
< .0040
.7000
0.0000
< .0100
19.0000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
340.0000
2539.7152
LWE
780316.0000
9240.0000
7.2000
74.0000
200.0000
260.0000
4400.0000
3700.0000
160.0000
1200.0000
.0220
.3000
400.0000
.0780
26.0000
.0004
< .0020
0.0000
430.0000
2338.4024
-------
POND E LEACHATE
— AEROSPACE - —
HELL DESI6
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COHO
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
PORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
HAGMESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
LME
750319.0000
9260.0000
8.6200
162.0000
1B50.0000
90.0000
3900.0000
2720.0000
0.0000
250.0000
.0100
1.6000
15.0000
.1300
30.0000
.0005
.0120
.2000
970.0000
3116. 95C5
LME
750707.0000
9380.0000
10.9600
566.0000
740.0000
245.0000
4160.0000
3200.0000
0.0000
800.0000
.0800
.6000
20.0000
.0500
.5000
.0003
.0430
- .3000
970.0000
2531.5733
LHE
751101.0000
9300.0000
9.7400
253.0000
490.0000
115.0000
4000.0000
2690.0000
0.0000
900.0000
.0140
.6000
< 20.0000
< .0100
0.0000
.0009
.0180
33.0000
590.0000
2028.6429
LME
760121.0000
93JO.OOOO
8.1000
79.0000
520.0000
60.0000
3330.0000
2640.0000
0.0000
1075.0000
.0760
.5000
30.0000
< .0100
.4000
.0007
.0050
0.0000
540.0000
2165.9917
LME
761109.0000
9340.0000
7.5400
71.4000
370.0000
0.0000
4180.0000
3750.0000
0.0000
1950.0000
.0320
1.8000
340.0000
.0350
22.0000
< .0001
.0013
0.0000
560.0000
3243.8684
LWE
770302.0000
9360.0000
7.0300
28.0000
250.0000
0.0000
3730.0000
3410.0000
0.0000
2175.0000
.0310
.7000
390.0000
.0550
12.0000
< .0001
< .0006
0.0000
460.0000
3287.7867
LHE
770505.0000
9380.0000
6.6100
26.0000
295.0000
0.0000
3550.0000
3164.0000
0.0000
1875.0000
.0090
.5000
360.0000
.2200
11.0000
< .0001
< .0006
0.0000
395.0000
2936.7297
LME
780316.0000
9400.0000
7.5200
0.0000
195.0000
0.0000
3910.0000
3884.0000
0.0000
2100.0000
0.0000
< .5000
460.0000
0.0000
34.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
445.0000
3234.5000
00
o>
-------
WHO t BKWHB VfcU.
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
FH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
cora
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
APSENIC
BOPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GUE1
750211.0000
9420.0000
6.6000
220.0000
55.0000
25.0000
680.0000
420.0000
0.0000
36.0000
< .0050
.2400
32.0000
.0250
9.4000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
132.6722
GWE1
750426.0000
9440.0000
7.0000
220.0000
36.0000
10.0000
630.0000
390.0000
"0.0000
37.0000
< .0050
< .1000
26.0000
.0220
9.6000
.0040
.0020
0.0000
0.0000
108.9330
GWE1
750708.0000
9460.0000
7.0000
230.0000
55.0000
9.0000
660.0000
560.0000
4600.0000
86.0COO
.0050
.1400
49.0000
.5100
19.0000
.0013
.0030
0.0000
92.0000
301.6593
GME1
750901.0000
94?0.0000
7.0000
200.0000
40.0000
9.0000
580.0000
590.0000
24000.0000
460.0000
< .0050
.2000
65.0000
.2500
26.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
89.0000
700.4572
GWE1
751103.0000
9500.0000
7.2000
210.0000
65.0000
47.0000
640.0000
410.0000
0.0000
67.0000
.0050
.1800
16.0000
.6000
98.0000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
120.0000
386.7862
GWE1
760503.0000
9520.0000
7.3000
150.0000
38.0000
19.0000
640.0COO
420.0000
140.0000
150.0000
.0150
.0300
65.0000
.1400
7.7000
< .0002
.0060
0.0000
78.0000
338.8912
GUE1
760712.0000
9540.0000
7.6000
130.0000
41.0000
9.0000
470.0000
370.0000
1600.0000
77.0000
< .0050
39.0000
24.0000
.4600
9.8000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
79.0000
270.2662
GME1
770505.0000
9560.0000
6.6000
86.0000
49.0000
17.0000
430.0000
3:0.0000
920.0000
80.0000
.0120
.3000
25.0000
.0600
8.0000
.0009
.0020
0.0000
66.0000
228.3749
oo
POND E GROUND WELL 1
HELL DESIG
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COND
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
M/GHESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GUE1
780105.0000
9580.0000
6.6000
110.0000
42.0000
110.0000
300.0000
450.0000
7400.0000
59.0000
.OJOO
.1700
28.0000
.1100
11.0000
.0012
< .0020
0.0000
70.0000
210.3132
GME1
780316.0000
9600.0000
7.0000
95.0000
60.0000
120.0000
560.0000
320.0000
1100.0000
42.0000
< .0020
.1000
68.0000
.0620
18.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
50.0000
258.1662
GWE1
760511.0000
9620.0000
7.4000
140.0000
56.0000
9.0000
700.0000
550.0000
410.0000
110.0000
.0310
.1400
61.0000
.0280
12.0000
.0003
.0030
0.0000
73.0000
312.2023
GUE1
780628.0000
9640.0000
7.6000
160.0000
60.0000
11.0000
560.0000
600.0000
27000.0000
33.0000
< .0040
.1400
57.0000
.0900
14.0000
.0017
< .0010
0.0000
71.0000
255.2367
-------
POND E WOUND HELL 1--- AEROSPACE ---
HELL OESIG
DATE
PEC MO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COHO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSEHIC
BOPOH
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCUHY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
6ME1
750211.0000
9660.0000
7.3400
223.0000
115.0000
50.0000
640.0000
416.0000
0.0000
2&.0000
.0050
.1000
32.0000
.0400
15.0000
.0001
.0050
.3000
0.0000
190.4503
GWE1
750707.0000
9660.0000
7.2500
217.0000
71.0000
0.0000
550.0000
440.0000
0.0000
70.0000
.0040
.2000
13.0000
.0500
11.7000
.0004
.0005
.6400
0.0000
166.5949
GWE1
751103.0000
9700.0000
7.3700
177.0000
72.0000
10.0000
2440.0000
380.0000
0.0000
55.0000
.0100
.7000
a. oooo
< .0200
12.0000
.0003
.0020
.3000
99.0000
247.0323
GWE1
760503.0000
9720.0000
7.7800
0.0000
62.0000
0.0000
560.0000
304.0000
0.0000
80.0000
0.0000
1.0000
42.0000
< .0100
10.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
63.0000
278.0100
GHE1
770505.0000
9740.0000
7.2100
07.0000
88.0000
0.0000
420.0000
270.0000
0.0000
69.0000
.0080
.6000
23.0000
.0500
5.6000
.0001
.0027
0.0000
65.0000
251.2608
GWE1
760309.0000
9760.0000
7.9900
79.0000
67.0000
0.0000
413.0000
316.0000
0.0000
60.0000
.0700
< .5000
13.0000
.2400
12.0000
.0007
.0010
0.0000
65.0000
217.8117
GWE1
790316.0000
9780.0000
7.9900
106.0000
54.0000
0.0000
617.0000
462.0000
0.0000
125.0000
0.0000
4.2000
45.0000
0.0000
17.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
60.0000
305.2000
00
oo
-------
t GROUND WEU
HELL OESI6
DATE
REC NO.
FH
ALKALINITY
CH LOP IDE
COO
TOKO
TOS
TSS
SULPATE
ARSENIC
BOPOM
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GWE2
740805.0000
9600.0000
7.0000
110.0000
50.0000
0.0000
0.0000
400.0000
5400.0000
45.0000
.0230
< .1000
31.0000
.0950
24.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
153.2202
CUE 2
740903.0000
9620.0000
7.2000
94.0000
28.0000
0.0000
0.0000
220.0000
0.0000
26.0000
< .0050
< .1000
22.0000
.0160
5.6000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
81.7232
GHE 2
741007.0000
9840. COOO
7.2000
170.0000
66.0000
0.0000
0.0000
370.0000
160.0000
40.0000
< .0050
< .1000
23.0000
.0100
8.3000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
157.4172
GUE2
741026.0000
9860.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
< .0050
< .1000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
< .ooro
0.0000
0.0000
.1070
6WE2
741104.0000
9860.0000
7.0000
100.0000
29.0000
0.0000
490.0000
320.0000
190.0000
69.0000
< .0050
< .1000
35.0000
.0100
8.8000
.0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
141.9172
GWE2
750211.0000
9900.0000
6.9000
230.0000
63.0000
860.0000
1000.0000
460.0000
0.0000
52.0000
< .0050
.5000
72.0000
.8900
12.0000
.0005
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
200.3975
GWE2
750426.0000
9920.0000
6.6000
160.0000
46.0000
31.0000
590.0000
350.0000
25.0000
50.0000
< .0050
.1500
34.0000
< .0100
8.5000
.0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
138.6672
GWE2
750706.0000
9940.0000
6.8000
150.0000
52.0000
120.0000
600.0000
4CO.OOOO
7500.0000
67.0000
< .0050
.1800
62.0000
.2500
16.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
219.4372
00 POND t GROT
vO
HELL OESIG
DATE
PEC NO.
FM
ALKALINITY
CHLOPIDE
COD
COtfl)
TDS
TSS
5ULFATE
ARSENIC
POT OH
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCU9Y
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
JNO HELL 2
GUE2
750901.0000
9960.0000
7.0000
120.0000
32.0000
37.0000
460.0000
340.0000
29000.0000
150.0000
.0150
.8000
71.0000
.0650
11.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
0.0000
Z64.9022
GWE2
760503.0000
9980.0000
7.3000
200.0000
28.0000
0.0000
64C.OOOO
430.0000
550.0000
100.0000
< .0050
.1000
55.0000
.0210
8.6000
< .0002
< .0040
0.0000
0.0000
191.9302
GHE 2
760712.0000
10000.0000
7.8COO
250.0000
38.0000
37.0000
570.0000
390.0000
150.0000
15.0000
< .0050
.3600
46.0000
.1700
8.4000
< .0002
.0010
0.0000
0.0000
107.9562
GUE2
760323.0000
10020.0000
7.1000
180.0000
21.0000
190.0000
500.0000
350.0000
3400.0000
43.0000
.0060
.1500
71.0000
.2800
7.1000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
41 .0000
183.5382
GWE2
780511.0000
10040.0000
7.2000
170.0000
20.0000
40.0000
500:0000
370.0000
1500.0000
60.0000
.0220
.1500
69.0000
.0920
6.6000
.0010
.0020
0.0000
29.0000
187.0670
GUE2
780626.0000
10060.0000
7.6000
170.0000
30.0000
19.0000
540.0000
400.0000
180.0000
58.0000
.0220
.2600
79.0000
.2000
8.1000
.0050
< .0010
0.0000
37.0000
212.6080
-------
POND E GROUND HELL 2— AEROSPACE
WELL OESI6
DATE
REC MO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COND
IDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
POO ON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
HEPCUBY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
741028
10080
8
161
64
50
610
384
0
37
20
15
0
79
235
GUE2
.0000
.0000
.3600
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0050
.3000
.0000
.0300
.0000
.0000
.00*0
.3000
.0000
.6390
750426
10100
7
0
125
0
640
544
0
56
20
12
0
0
214
GUE2
.0000
.0000
.6300
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0050
.6000
.0000
.0900
.0000
.0000
.0030
.7000
.0000
.3980
750708
10120
6
176
64
15
500
400
0
110
37
7
0
0
219
GUE2
.0000
.0000
.8900
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0040
.2000
.0000
.0500
.5000
.0000
.0010
.4400
.0000
.1950
760503
10140
7
0
62
0
620
522
0
110
0
1
63
<
11
0
0
0
62
309
GWE2
.0000
.0000
.5100
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0100
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0100
VO
o
-------
POND F UNDERDRAW
HELL DESIG
DATE
PEC NO.
FH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COM3
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BCPOU
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
UOF
770505.0000
10160.0000
10.5000
62.0000
890.0000
33.0000
3400.0000
4100.0000
12.0000
1400.0000
.0070
9.9000
750.0000
< .0100
Z.OOOO
< .0002
.0270
0.0000
50.0000
3101.9442
UDF
770713.0000
10160.0000
S.5000
40.0000
910.0000
27.0000
4800.0000
4000.0000
17.0000
1200.0000
< .0040
7.0000
1100.0000
< .0100
1.4000
.0010
.0340
0.0000
64.0000
3282.4490
UDF
770926.0000
lOcOO.OOOO
9.0000
43.0000
720.0000
17.0000
4200.0000
3700.0000
31.0000
1400.0000
.0030
16.0000
1200.0000
< .0100
19.0000
< .0002
.0240
0.0000
41.0000
3396.0372
UDF
771104.0000
10220.0000
7.9000
44.0000
1700.0000
15.0000
5300.0000
4100.0000
37.0000
1500.0000
.0040
12.0000
1600.0000
< .0100
6.7000
< .0002
.0240
0.0000
50.0000
4863. 73S2
UDF
760316.0000
10240.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
25.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
.0040
0.0000
290.0000
< .0100
30.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
97.0000
417.0162
UDF
780511.0000
10260.0000
7.7000
280.0000
50.COOO
15.0000
1500.0000
980.0000
25.0000
380.0000
.0060
1.2000
200.0000
< .0100
33.0000
.0006
< .0010
0.0000
92.0000
756.2176
vO
POND F UNOERDPAIN —- AEROSPACE ---
WELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLOPIDE
COD
COM)
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
APSENIC
POPOM
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCUSY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
UDF
770505.0000
10260.0000
9.9200
44.0000
980.0000
0.0000
4130.0000
3342.0000
0.0000
1225.0000
< .0010
9.0000
940.0000
.3200
i.eooo
< .0001
< .0006
0.0000
51.0000
3207.1217
UDF
780309.0000
10300. OPOO
7.7100
200.0000
250.0000
0.0000
1460.0000
1182.0000
0.0000
430.0000
.0080
1.3000
200.0000
.2400
52.0000
< .0001
.0001
0.0000
90.0000
1023. 54P2
UDF
760316.0000
10320. OCOO
7.8100
60.0000
140.0000
0.0000
1820.0000
1848.0000
0.0000
1000.0000
0.0000
4.2000
360.0000
0.0000
50.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
8.9000
1563.1000
-------
POND F GROUND WELL 1
HELL OESIG
DATE
REC MO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COHO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
PORCH
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GWF1
770505.0000
10340.0000
6.6000
160.0000
46.0000
14.0000
450.0000
£90.0000
ei.oooo
15.0000
.0030
.1300
43.0000
.OZbO
14.0000
< .0002
.0090
0.0000
43.0000
161.1672
GUF1
770707.0000
10360.0000
7.8000
140.0000
54.0000
16.0000
430.0000
250.0000
13.0000
32.0000
< .0020
.0400
42.0000
< .0100
9.5000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
35.0000
172.5542
GWF1
771216.0000
10380.0000
7.1000
130.0000
42.0000
18.0000
440.0000
240.0000
870.0000
< 2.0000
.0170
.0700
33.0000
.3800
14.0000
.0025
< .0020
0.0000
33.0000
124.4715
GWF1
780316.0000
10400.0000
6.7000
130.0000
64.0000
5.0000
490.0000
260.0000
420.0000
8.0000
< .0040
.0400
38.0000
.0110
12.0000
< .0002
.0020
0.0000
33.0000
155.0572
GUF1
780511.0000
10420.0000
6.7000
120.0030
110.0000
5.0000
700.0000
440.0000
1200.0000
16.0000
.0190
.0600
57.0000
.0350
22.0000
.0006
.0020
0.0000
60.0000
267.1166
GMFl
760628.0000
10440.0000
7.5000
110.0000
120.0000
7.0000
690.0000
390.0000
1600.0000
12.0000
< .0040
.1600
48.0000
.0700
19.0000
.0006
.0020
0.0000
43.0000
242.2366
POND F GROUND WELL 1--- AEROSPACE ---
M
WELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
CONO
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
ECRON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
770505
10460
7
158
70
0
440
250
0
14
1
40
10
<
<
0
41
177
GHF1
.0000
.0000
.1800
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.ocoo
.0140
.5000
.0000
.0450
.9000
.0001
.0006
.0000
.0000
.4597
760309.
10480.
6.
120.
105.
0.
405.
258.
0.
10.
<
31.
.
13.
<
.
0.
40.
199.
GWF1
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0080
5000
0000
1600
0000
0001
0001
0000
0000
6682
780316.
10500.
8.
116.
100.
0.
413.
256.
0.
10.
0.
Z.
27.
0.
13.
0.
0.
0.
35.
187.
GWF1
0000
0000
1900
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
6000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
8000
-------
WHO F WOUND WEU 2
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
cotro
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOP CM
CALCIUM
LEAP
MAGNESIUM
MEPCU9Y
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GUF2
770505.0000
10520.0000
7.1000
160.0000
22.0000
34.0000
600.0000
410.0000
33.0COO
58.0000
.0030
.3600
46.0000
.0120
13.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
110.0000
249.3772
6WF2
770707.0000
10540.0000
7.5000
200.0000
17.0000
11.0000
630.0000
470.0000
2.0000
63.0000
.0030
.0400
29.0000
< .0100
14.0000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
120.0000
263.0542
GUF2
770926.0000
10560.0000
7.6000
230.0000
30.0000
21.0000
700.0000
450.0000
26.0000
62.0000
.0040
.1400
36.0000
.0260
9.6000
.0021
< .0010
0.0000
13.0000
150.9731
6UF2
771104.0000
105SO.OOOO
7.5000
290.0000
15.0000
13.0000
700.0000
460.0000
19.0000
66.0000
< .0040
.1200
20.0000
.0440
12.0000
.0009
< .0010
0.0000
130.0000
253.1699
GUF2
771216.0000
10600.0000
7.4000
260.0000
15.0000
50.0000
710.0000
500.0000
1900.0000
72.0000
.OOtO
.0600
28.0000
.3800
15.0000
.0009
< .0020
0.0000
140.0000
270.4669
GUF2
780316.0000
10620.0000
7.1000
240.0000
12.0000
9.0000
610.0000
390.0000
26.0000
46.0000
< .0020
.OCOO
20.0000
.0160
9.1000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
110.0000
199.1402
GUF2
760511.0000
10640.0000
7.2000
270.0000
14.0000
7.0000
680.0000
450.0000
25.0000
66.0000
< .0040
.2600
28.0000
< .0100
11.0000
.0005
< .0010
0.0000
110.0000
231.2955
GUF2
780628.0000
10660.0000
7.8000
270.0000
15.0000
9.0000
690.0000
430.0000
500.0000
76.0000
< .0040
.1600
28.0000
.0760
13.0000
.0007
< .0010
0.0000
130.0000
262.2617
U)
WELL DESIG
DATE
REC HO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLOPIDE
COD
COMD
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
APSEHIC
PCPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEH
iJI'l/ Wt LI C
GWF2
770505.0000
10660.0000
7.5700
263.0000
75.0000
0.0000
510.0000
360.0000
0.0000
64.0000
.0310
.3000
27.0000
.0500
10.7000
< .0001
.0033
0.0000
96.0000
273.0844
- ntrru jrMVrL
GHF2
780309.0000
10700.0000
8.0200
245.0000
15.0000
0.0000
556.0000
472.0000
0.0000
60.0000
< .0040
< .5000
19.0000
.2000
11.0000
.0009
.0001
0.0000
110.0000
215.7050
6MF2
780316.0000
10720.0000
8.4000
127.0000
20.0000
0.0000
543.0000
360.0000
0.0000
54.0000
0.0000
1.7000
15.0000
0.0000
11.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
107.0000
208.7000
-------
POND 6 UNDERDRAIN
WELL DESI6
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COK'D
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
APSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
UDG
770505.0000
10740.0000
6.8000
170.0000
260.0000
15.0000
2000.0000
2100.0000
4.0000
590.0000
< .0020
6.6000
260.0000
.0100
120.0000
.0006
< .0100
0.0000
30.0000
1566.6226
UDG
770707.0000
10760.0000
7.3000
99.0000
700.0000
14.0000
3700.0000
4300.0000
9.0000
1900 .0000
< .0040
23.0000
660.0000
< .0100
250.0000
< .0002
.0420
0.0000
31.0000
3564.0562
UDG
770926.0000
10760.0000
7.3000
66.0000
290.0000
24.0000
3200.0000
2900.0000
5.0000
1400.0000
< .0020
18.0000
880.0000
< .0100
130.0000
< .0004
.0190
0.0000
18.0000
2736.0314
UDG
760316.0000
10800.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
10.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
< .0040
0.0000
470.0000
< .0100
30.0000
< .0002
.0070
0.0000
6.5000
506.5212
UDG
780511.0000
10820.0000
6.9000
120.0000
300.0000
5.0000
3200.0000
2600.0000
220.0000
1300.0000
.0040
7.0000
590.0000
.0450
120.0000
.0003
.0050
0.0000
20.0000
2337.0543
UDG
760628.0000
10840.0000
7.4000
270.0000
300.0000
18.0000
3000.0000
2300.0000
390.0000
1000.0000
.0100
0.0000
640.0000
.1000
120.0000
.0005
.0140
0.0000
23.0000
20S3.1245
POND G UNOERDPAIN --- AEROSPACE ---
WELL OESIG
DATE
PEC HO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
cot to
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
APSENIC
BOPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
UDG
770505.0000
10860.0000
7.3000
175.0000
385.0000
0.0000
2250.0000
1720.0000
0.0000
900.0000
.0140
6.7000
390.0000
.1-300
103.0000
< .0001
.0017
0.0000
29.0000
1813.9058
UDG
780309.0000
10880.0000
7.4600
49.6000
930.0000
0.0000
3450.0000
3116.0000
0.0000
1475.0000
.ooeo
23.0000
600.0000
.6000
217.0000
.0010
.0004
0.0000
25.0000
3270.6094
UDG
760316.0000
10900.0000
7.6400
280.0000
900.0000
0.0000
3360.0000
2664.0000
0.0000
876.0000
0.0000
32.0000
410.0000
0.0000
249.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
52.0000
2519.0000
-------
POND 6 GROUND HELL 1
WELL DESI6
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COf ID
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOPCN
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCUWY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GWG1
770505.0000
10980.0000
6.0000
22.0000
12.0000
4.0000
170.0000
130.0000
160.0000
41.0000
.0040
.1500
14.0000
.0110
5.2000
< .0002
.0080
0.0000
14.0000
86.3732
CUG1
770707.0000
10940.0000
6.6000
23.0000
16.0000
4.0000
140.0000
150.0000
70.0000
28.0000
.0030
.0400
10.0000
.0100
4.2000
.0002
< .0010
0.0000
12.0000
70.2532
GWG1
771104.0000
10960.0000
6.6000
22.0000
12.0000
4.0000
170.0000
190.0000
300.0000
28.0000
< .0040
.0400
14.0000
.0270
4.3000
< .0002
.0010
0.0000
13.0000
71.3722
GWG1
771216.0000
109SO.OOOO
6.2000
26.0000
15.0000
49.0000
200.0000
340.0000
2700.0000
7.0000
< .0020
.0500
11.0000
.0720
4.6000
.0004
< .0020
0.0000
14.0000
51.7264
GMG1
780316.0000
11000.0000
6.1000
20.0000
12.0000
3.0000
100.0000
180.0000
1400.0000
52.0000
< .0020
.1300
12.0000
.0110
4.5000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
11.0000
91.6452
GWS1
780511.0000
11020.0000
6.1000
18.0000
13.0000
1.0000
180.0000
210.0000
1400.0000
40.0000
.0160
.1200
13.0000
.0150
5.6000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
11.0000
82.7522
GWG1
780628.0000
11040.0000
6.7000
24.0000
16.0000
3.0000
1600.0000
280.0000
1900.0000
20.0000
< .0040
.1100
14.0000
.0490
5.6000
.0011
< .0010
0.0000
12.0000
67.7651
VO POND 6 6ROI
Ul
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC MO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLOPIDE
COD
COHO
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
AP5ENIC
EOPOIJ
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCU9Y
SFLEUIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
JND WELL 1 —
GW31
770505.0000
11060.0000
6.8000
20.0000
38.0000
0.0000
140.0000
116.0000
0.0000
36.0000
.0050
< .0500
8.0000
.0500
3.5000
< .0001
.0020
0.0000
13.0000
98.6071
- AEROSPACE •
GWG1
780309.0000
11060.0000
7.5600
0.0000
15.0000
0.0000
146.0000
156.0000
0.0000
31.0000
< . O0'»0
< .5000
6.6000
.2000
5.0000
.0010
.0001
0.0000
11.0000
69.5051
...
GWG1
780316.0000
11100.0000
7.8100
13.0000
11.0000
0.0000
154.0000
120.0000
0.0000
30.0000
0.0000
1.6000
7.0000
0.0000
5.1000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
11.0000
65.7000
-------
POND S GROUND UELL Z
WELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
CONO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GWGZ
760914.0000
11120.0000
6.7000
9
-------
POND H RUNOFF
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COW
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOPOtl
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PRH
771122.0000
11360.0000
7.6000
36.0000
760.0000
12.0000
3200.0000
3200.0000
13.0000
1500.0000
.0020
30.0000
020.0000
.0100
140.0000
.0002
.0010
0.0000
14.0000
3264.0132
PRH
771201.0000
11380.0000
7.3000
1200.0000
44.0000
16.0000
2400.0000
2500.0000
2300.0000
1500.0000
.0860
3.9000
760.0000
.0270
39.0000
.0150
.0550
0.0000
4.5000
2371.5850
PRH
771220.0000
11400.0000
7.7000
490.0000
100.0000
12.0000
2400.0000
2500.0000
2500.0000
1500.0000
.0780
6.6000
760.0000
0.0000
31.0000
.0012
.0780
0.0000
4.0000
2401.7572
POND H RUNOFF
AEROSPACE —
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COMO
TDS
TSS
SULFATC
APSEHIC
PCPPN
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
ME PGUP Y
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
PRH
771122.0000
11420.0000
7.5900
32.0000
390.0000
0.0000
2660.0000
2900.0000
0.0000
1625.0000
.0160
20.0000
660.0000
.1100
113.0000
.0030
.0030
0.0000
13.0000
2621. 1330
PRH
771214.0000
11440.0000
7.3000
56.0000
135.0000
0.0000
2060.0000
2350.0000
0.0000
1500.0000
.0190
60.0000
570.0000
.0900
27.0000
.0040
.0270
0.0000
4.0000
2316.1350
PRH
771220.0000
11460.0000
7.5300
22.0000
175.0000
0.0000
2160.0000
2397.0000
0.0000
1525.0000
< .0100
11.0000
610.0000
.0900
24.0000
.0020
.0100
0.0000
3.8000
2348.9130
PRH
760314.0000
11480.0000
0.0000
58.0000
500.0000
0.0000
2600.0000
£934.0000
3.6000
1475.0000
.0330
27.0000
630.0000
.3000
159.0000
.0008
.0006
0.0000
13.0000
2804.3344
PRH
760323.0000
11500.0000
0.0000
54.8000
45.0000
0.0000
2000.0000
2220.0000
14.4000
1475.0000
.0250
10.0000
550.0000
.4000
30.1000
.0027
.0008
0.0000
3.6000
2114.1285
PRH
760404.0000
11520.0000
0.0000
63.2000
7.0000
0.0000
1670.0000
2069.0000
50.4000
1275.0000
.0250
1.3000
520.0000
< .2000
14.6000
.0011
.0001
0.0000
3.5000
1821.8262
PRH
780420.0000
11540.0000
0.0000
41.0000
13.0000
0.0000
1960.0000
2216.0000
11.6000
1450.0000
.0250
< .5000
550.0000
.4000
13.1000
.0019
.0004
0.0000
2.4000
2029.4273
PRH
760425.0000
11560.0000
0.0000
65.4000
27.0000
0.0000
1980.0000
2156.0000
309.4000
1325.0000
.0330
1.7000
560.0000
.3000
12.7000
.0007
.0001
0.0000
2.6000
1949.3338
-------
POND H Rl*»FF
AEROSPACE
HELL DESI6
DATE
PEC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COHD
TOS
TSS
5ULFATE
ARSENIC
BOROM
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEFCURr
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
780516.
11580.
0.
46.
5.
0.
1920.
2134.
4.
1325.
0.
570.
0.
11.
0.
0.
0.
2.
1915.
PRH
0000
0000
0000
4000
6000
0000
0000
0000
8000
0000
0000
7000
0000
0000
4000
0000
0000
,0000
,6000
.3000
780523.
11600.
0.
44.
7.
0.
1960.
2242 .
8.
1450.
,
1.
600.
5.
0.
PBH
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
2000
0000
0160
4000
0000
2800
1000
0013
0003
0000
9000
2064.6976
780628
11620
0
122
90
0
1940
2653
64
1500
9
700
<
36
0
11
2346
PRH
.0000
.0000
.0000
.4000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.6000
.0000
.0250
.0000
.0000
.2000
.2000
.0010
.0001
.0000
.1000
.5261
00
-------
POND H UNDERDRAW
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
CONO
IDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BOPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
UDH
770819.0000
11640.0000
7.1000
38.0000
2600.0000
120.0000
10000.0000
9400.0000
86.0000
1600.0000
< .0040
110.0000
1600.0000
< .0100
560.0000
< .0002
.1700
0.0000
77.0000
6747.1842
UOH
770820.0000
11660.0000
7.0000
54.0000
3200.0000
140.0000
11000.0000
9900.0000
290.0000
1600.0000
.0160
180.0000
1700.0000
.0230
620.0000
.0002
.1600
0.0000
71.0000
7371.1992
UDH
770621.0000
11660.0000
7.0000
46.0000
3200.0000
120.0000
12000.0000
9000.0000
56.0000
1600.0000
< .0040
140.0000
1600.0000
< .0100
660.0000
< .0002
.1600
0.0000
81.0000
7281.1742
UOH
770622.0000
11700.0000
7.0000
52.0000
3300.0000
140.0000
11000.0000
9COO.OOOO
43.0000
1600.0000
< .0040
130.0000
1700.0000
< .0100
690.0000
< .0002
.1900
0.0000
81.0000
7501.2042
UOH
770823.0000
11720.0000
7.0000
54.0000
3400.0000
120.0000
12000.0000
9600.0000
37.0000
1600.0000
< .0040
190.0000
1600.0000
< .0100
700.0000
< .0002
.1900
0.0000
82.0000
7572.2042
UDH
770824.0000
11740.0000
7.1000
54.0000
3300.0000
130.0000
12000.0000
9000.0000
35.0000
1700.0000
< .0040
110.0000
1600.0000
< .0100
730.0000
< .0002
.2000
0.0000
87.0000
7527.2142
UDH
770826.0000
11760.0000
7.1000
54.0000
2800.0000
140.0000
10000.0000
9700.0000
21.0000
1900.0000
< .0020
190.0000
1500. OPOO
< .0100
680.0000
< .0002
.1500
0.0000
75.0000
7145.1622
UDH
770628.0000
11700.0000
7.1000
54.0000
2600.0000
140.0000
10000.0000
9400.0000
23.0000
1800.0000
< .0020
200.0000
1400.0000
< .0100
670.0000
< .0002
.0250
0.0000
69.0000
6739.0372
vO POND H UNDEPOPAIN
vO
HELL DESI6
DATE
REC HO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
CCMD
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
APSEHIC
BO&OM
CALCIUM
LEAD
M»GHESIUM
MEPCUWr
SELENIUM
SUIFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
UDH
770830.0000
11600.0000
7.1000
54.0000
2300.0000
140.0000
9300.0000
8900.0000
18.0000
1900.0000
< .0020
160.0000
1300.0000
< .0100
600.0000
< .0002
.1400
0.0000
50.0000
6330. 15ZZ
UDH
770901.0000
11820.0000
7.1000
57.0000
2200.0000
76.0000
9100.0000
8700.0000
20.0000
1800.0000
< .0020
80.0000
1300.0000
< .0100
580.0000
< .0002
.1500
0.0000
50.0000
6010.1622
770902
11840
7
50
2300
120
9000
7400
19
UOH
.0000
.0000
.1000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
1600.0000
< .0020
93.
1200.
<
620.
<
.
0.
37.
6050.
0000
0000
0100
0000
0002
1800
0000
0000
1922
UDH
770906.0000
11860.0000
7.3000
65.0000
2100.0000
74.0000
8700.0000
7200.0000
17.0000
1800.0000
< .0020
110.0000
1300.0000
< .0100
540.0000
< .0002
.1100
0.0000
36.0000
5886. 12ZZ
UDH
770912.0000
11880.0000
7.5000
69.0000
2200.0000
110.0000
8600.0000
7100.0000
15.0000
1600.0000
< .0020
97.0000
1100.0000
< .0100
530.0000
< .0002
.1400
0.0000
36.0000
5763.1522
770926
11900
7
86
1600
110
UDH
.0000
.0000
.3000
.0000
.0000
.0000
7900.0000
6700,
14.
1700.
<
66.
1200.
<
470.
0.
f
0.
34.
5290.
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0020
0000
0000
0100
0000
0000
0320
0000
0000
0440
771004
11920
7
UDH
.0000
.0000
.5000
92.0000
1800.0000
90.0000
6000.
.0000
6700.0000
18.
1800.
<
98.
1200.
<
450.
<
.
0.
34.
5382.
.0000
0000
0020
0000
0000
0100
0000
0002
0740
0000
0000
0362
UDH
771011.0000
11940.0000
7.8000
100.0000
1900.0000
90.0000
7800.0000
6600.0000
15.0000
1700.0000
< .0020
66.0000
1100.0000
< .0100
450.0000
< .0002
.0740
0.0000
35.0000
5271.0862
-------
POND H UNDERDRAIN
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COND
IDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
771104
11960
7
120
2000
90
7800
7100
29
1800
<
68
1<»00
<
510
<
0
44
5842
UOH
.0000
.0000
.8000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0040
.0000
.0000
.0100
.0000
.0002
.0410
.0000
.0000
.0552
771122
11980
7
1<*0
1900
84
7600
6700
11
1600
120
1000
440
0
60
5320
UDH
.0000
.0000
.4000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0020
.0000
.0000
.0100
.0000
.0002
.0230
.0000
.0000
.0352
780316
12000
0
0
0
29
0
0
0
0
0
490
<
23
<
0
46
559
UDH
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0040
.0000
.0000
.0100
.0000
.0002
.0090
.0000
.0000
.0232
780511
12020
7
260
2100
33
4900
3700
130
1200
47
690
320
0
49
4406
UDH
.0000
.0000
.5000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0060
.0000
.0000
.0320
.0000
.0014
.0140
.0000
.0000
.0534
780628
12040
7
180
aio
9
4100
3500
720
1700
22
680
270
0
44
3526
UDH
.0000
.0000
.6000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0000
.0060
.0000
.0000
.0300
.0000
.0004
.0100
.0000
.0000
.0464
O
o
POND H UNDERDRAIN --- AEROSPACE ---
WELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COO
COND
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
APSEHIC
BOPON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SOOIUM
TOTAL ELEM
UOH
770505.0000
12060.0000
7.6100
128.0000
105.0000
0.0000
610.0000
418.0000
0.0000
147.0000
0.0000
< .0500
53.0000
0.0000
12.3000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
70.0000
387.3500
UDH
771115.0000
12030.0000
7.6000
123.0000
1500.0000
0.0000
7140.0000
6044.0000
0.0000
2000.0000
< .0100
60.0000
1070.0000
.2100
530.0000
.0030
.0020
0.0000
52.0000
5212.2250
UOH
771122.0000
12100.0000
7.2100
140.0000
1750.0000
0.0000
6760.0000
5690.0000
O.OOOD
1625.0000
< .0100
80.0000
1040.0000
.1900
500.0000
.0050
.0170
0.0000
47.0000
5042.2220
UDH
780309.0000
12120.0000
7.7000
279.0000
1350.0000
0.0000
3600.0000
2928.0000
0.0000
1025.0000
.0120
36.0000
490.0000
.6000
298.0000
.0017
.0003
0.0000
55.0000
3254.6140
UDH
780316.0000
12140.0000
7.8200
154.0000
240.0000
0.0000
1520.0000
1198.0000
0.0000
440.0000
0.0000
1.2000
140.0000
0.0000
41.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
85.0000
947.2000
-------
POND H GROUND HELL 1
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
conn
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
B090N
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCL'RY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUtl
TOTAL ELEM
GHH1
770505.0000
12160.0000
6.6000
130.0000
38.0000
110.0000
440.0000
310.0000
230.0000
58.0030
.0070
.1700
30.0COO
.0150
14.0000
< .0002
.0040
0.0000
45.0000
185.1962
GMH1
770707.0000
12180.0000
7.4000
109.0000
18.0000
8.0000
370.0000
290.0000
40.0000
79.0000
< .0020
.0200
36.0000
.0100
11.0000
< .0002
.0010
0.0000
33.0000
177.0332
GUH1
770926.0000
12200.0000
7.7000
120.0000
15.0000
32.0000
460.0000
440.0000
1600.0000
91.0000
.0220
.0600
48.0000
.0600
16.0000
.0004
< .0020
0.0000
36.0000
206.1444
GMH1
771104.0000
12220.0000
7.5000
110.0000
16.0000
3.0000
430.0000
320.0000
590.0000
87.0000
.0040
.0400
46.0000
.0340
13.0000
.0004
.0020
0.0000
36.0000
198.0804
GWH1
771216.0000
12240.0000
7.0000
110.0000
14.0000
0.0000
400.0000
330.0000
2500.0000
68.0000
< .0020
.0500
36.0000
.0800
15.0000
.0007
< .0020
0.0000
34.0000
167.1347
GUH1
780316.0000
12260.0000
6.9000
13.0000
94.0000
3.0000
590.0000
360.0000
810.0000
19.0000
< .0020
.1000
33.0000
< .0100
10.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
34.0000
190.1142
GUH1
780511.0000
12280.0000
7.0000
100.0000
72.0000
5.0000
480.0000
30Q.OOOO
1000.0000
30.0009
.0110
.1300
37.0000
.0180
12.0000
< .0002
.0010
0.0000
47.0000
198.1602
GWH1
780628.0000
12300.0000
7.2000
72.0000
64.0000
2.0000
370.0000
360.0000
2100.0000
15.0000
.0080
.1000
28.0000
< .0100
9.3000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
37.0000
153.4192
POND H GROUND HELL 1— AEROSPACE —
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
FH
ALKALINITY
CH LOP IDE
COD
COND
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
APSENIC
BOOON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MEPCUPY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GUH1
770505.0000
12320.0000
6.8100
133.0000
02.0000
0.0000
420.0000
296.0000
0.0000
58.0000
.0040
< .0500
35.0000
.0550
11.2000
< .0001
.0006
0.0000
45.0000
231.3097
C-WH1
780309.0000
12340.0000
8.1100
92.0000
30.0000
0.0000
372.0000
316.0000
0.0000
71.0000
.0080
< .5000
26.0000
.1600
12.0000
.0008
.0003
0.0000
35.0000
174.6691
GUH1
780316.0000
12^60.0000
8.1400
109.0000
36.0000
0.0000
382.0000
288.0000
0.0000
75.0000
0.0000
< .5000
23.0000
0.0000
12.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
32.0000
178.5000
-------
POND H GROUND HELL 2
HELL DESI6
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
COND
TOS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
BORON
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
SODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GWH2
760914.0000
1ZJBO.OOOO
7.1000
170.0000
98.0000
30.0000
590.0000
400.0000
71.0000
39.0000
< .0050
.1400
73.0000
.0480
22.0000
< .0002
< .0010
0.0000
4.5000
235.6942
GWH2
770505.0000
12400.0000
6.6000
150.0000
82.0000
9.0000
550.0000
370.0000
91.0000
48.0000
.0040
.2000
39.0000
.0650
14.0000
< .0002
.OOZO
0.0000
70.0000
253.2712
GWH2
771216.0000
12420.0000
6.9000
120.0000
76.0000
42.0000
570.0000
450.0000
4200.0000
< 20.0000
.0020
.0800
35.0000
.1700
19.0000
.0005
.0020
0.0000
48.0000
196.2545
GWH2
780316.0000
12440.0000
6.7000
68.0000
88.0000
8.0000
640.0000
400.0000
940.0000
14.0000
< .0020
.2100
34.0000
.0330
12.0000
< .0002
< .0020
0.0000
43.0000
191.2472
GHH2
780511.0000
12460.0000
6.6000
120.0000
98.0000
3.0000
550.0000
350.0000
4800.0000
< 1.0000
.0210
.0800
48.0000
.0550
21.0000
.OOP6
< .0010
0.0000
66.0000
234.1576
GWH2
760628.0000
12480.0000
7.3000
60.0000
100.0000
5.0000
470.0000
320.0000
3900.0000
9.0000
< .0040
.1800
30.0000
.0560
13.0000
.0010
.0020
0.0000
36.0000
188.2430
ts)
O
POND H GROUND WELL 2--- AEROSPACE
HELL DESIG
DATE
REC NO.
PH
ALKALINITY
CHLORIDE
COD
CONO
TDS
TSS
SULFATE
ARSENIC
ecpoN
CALCIUM
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
HEFCURY
SELENIUM
SULFITE
5 ODIUM
TOTAL ELEM
GUH2
770505.0000
12500.0000
7.3000
152.0000
110.0000
0.0000
540.0000
346.0000
0.0000
45.0000
< .0010
.0500
39.0000
.0400
12.2000
< .0001
< .0006
0.0000
65.0000
271.2917
GWH2
780309.0000
12520.0000
6.0300
140.0000
154.0000
0.0000
476.0000
316.0000
0.0000
12.0000
.OOCO
< .5000
33.0000
.2000
16.0000
.0007
.0001
0.0000
52.0000
267.7068
GWH2
780316.0000
12540.0000
8.2900
122.0000
125.0000
0.0000
472.0000
289.0000
0.0000
9.0000
0.0000
1.4000
28.0000
0.0000
14.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
46.0000
225.4000
-------
APPENDIX B
METHODS USED TO DETERMINE CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL
CHARACTERISTICS OF FGD SLUDGES
B.I METHODS OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS USED BY AEROSPACE
This appendix describes the analytical techniques used by The
Aerospace Corporation to determine the concentrations of constituents in the
flue gas desulfurization (FGD) sludges and pond water samples.* The constit-
uents present in the liquors and water samples are divided into the following:
major chemical species (calcium, sulfate, and chloride), trace metal species,
and additional chemical species. Other water quality tests are also
described.
Consideration was given to the range of concentration of the con-
stituents and to the corresponding costs of the analyses to obtain data having
high precision and high accuracy.t
B.I.I Major Chemical Species
Calcium Determination
Atomic absorption spectrophotometry is presently used for calcium
analyses. Results for solutions analyzed by this method were in agreement
with those obtained by an oxalate titrimetric method to within 10X.
*The methods used by TVA are given in:
Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes, Second Edition, Methods
Development and Quality Assurance Research Laboratory, National Energy Re-
search Center, Cincinnati (1974).
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, Thirteenth
Edition, American Public Health Association, New York.
^precision is defined as the relationship between a measured value and the
statistical mean of measured values, and accuracy is the relationship between
the true value and the mean measured value.
203
-------
Sulfate Determination
Standard nephelometry techniques were used for this analysis. A
barium sulfate precipitate was formed by the reaction of the sulfate ion with
a barium chloranilate reagent. The resulting turbidity was determined by a
spectrophotometer and compared to a curve prepared from standard sulfate solu-
tions. Although multiple dilutions are necessary to bring the concentration
to a range of optimum reliability, the error is less .than 10%.
Chloride Determination
A specific ion electrode was used to determine the concentration of
chloride ions. This method has a precision of about 1% and an accuracy of
about 5%. Comparisons were made with results of titrations with silver ni-
trate. The chloride concentrations, measured with the electrode (1000 to 5000
ppm), in each case differed from the corresponding titration data by less than
5%.
B.I.2 Trace Metal Species
Atomic absorption spectrophotometry was used for analyses of the
following elements: aluminum, antimony, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper,
cobalt, iron, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, lead, selenium, silicon,
silver, tin, vanadium, and zinc. Results were verified by analyzing National
Bureau of Standards (NBS) data. Precision and accuracy are dependent upon the
means of activation, the specific element, its relative concentration, and the
extent of interference by other elements and matrix effects. The precision
and accuracy of the measurements of concentrations of all elements that exceed
water quality reuse criteria ranged between 5 and 20%. However, the preci-
sion, with furnace activation, of trace metals occurring at very low levels is
probably no better than 50%.
Mercury was also determined using this technique; however, the mer-
cury was reduced to the elemental state with stannous chloride, and the ab-
sorption of the resulting mercury vapor was measured. This method has a pre-
cision of about 20% and an accuracy of about 50%.
B.I.3 Additional Chemical Species
Sodium Determination
Atomic absorption spectrophotometry or flame photometry was used to
determine sodium ion concentrations, depending on whether the concentrations
were relatively low or high. Errors are typically less than 10%.
Sulfite Determination
Total sulfite was determined using a specific ion electrode, and no
significant interferences were observed. The oxidation of the sulfite ion to
sulfate is a very rapid reaction. Scrubber liquor protected from the
204
-------
atmosphere typically shows sulfite concentrations of several hundred milli-
grams per liter; however, a brief atmospheric exposure causes oxidation and
reduces these concentrations by one or more orders of magnitude. The reported
sulfite measurements were for samples analyzed immediately upon arrival in the
laboratory. No specific action was taken to inhibit oxidation other than to
ensure that the samples were transported to the analytical laboratory in
sealed containers. The exposure to air during sampling, filtering, and mea-
suring, however, resulted in the reduced sulfite concentrations reported.
phosphate Determination
The phosphate analysis was determined by spectrophotometry methods,
using ammonium molybdate to form the molybdenum blue complex.
Nitrogen Determination
Total nitrogen was determined by the Kjeldahl method, which reduces
all nitrogen to ammonia with sodium thiosulfate. The ammonia was then dis-
tilled and the amount determined by titration. This method has a precision of
about 10%, and accuracy at the levels of the concentrations determined is
about 25%.
Fluoride Determination
The fluoride ion was determined by the specific ion electrode using
a Beckman Model 4500 digital pH meter. There were no significant interfer-
ences. This method has a precision of about 5%, and accuracy of 20X is at-
tainable at the low levels measured.
Boron Determination
«
Boron was determined spectrophotometrically with the Hach DR2 using
the Carmine method.
Magnesium Determination
Magnesium was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in
the same manner as were the trace metals.
B.i.4 Other Water Quality Tests
Chemical Oxygen Demand
Chemical oxygen demand was determined by reacting the organics and
sulfites present with potassium dichromate and measuring the reduced chromium
by spectrophotometry. While a precision of 25X is attainable, accuracy de-
pends on the same history (i.e., degree of exposure to atmospheric oxygen) and
is about 100% for routine analysis.
205
-------
Total Alkalinity
Total alkalinity was determined by titrating a 25-mJl sample with
standard acid to a pH of 4.0. Total alkalinity is expressed as milligrams per
liter calcium carbonate, but is actually a determination of the buffering ca-
pacity of the liquor due to a number of weak acid species (i.e., carbonate,
sulfite, borate, arsenite, selenite, and silicate). Precision is about 5%,
and accuracy is estimated to be about 25%.
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Determination
The TDS were determined gravimetrically by evaporating a 25-tn£ sam-
ple to a constant weight overnight in a tared weighing bottle at a temperature
of about 180°C. Precision is about 2%, and accuracy is about 5%.
Total Conductance Determination
This measurement, which was made with a General Radio impedance
bridge, Type 1650A, gave an estimate of the total ionic species in the sample.
Precision is about 1%, and accuracy is estimated to be about 2%.
pH Determination
This parameter was measured with a Beckman Model A500 digital pH
meter to a precision of 0.005 pH units and an accuracy of 0.01 pH units.
Analytical Methods Applicable to Sludge Solids
Sludge solids were analyzed for calcium, sulfate, sulfite, and car-
bonate in addition to total solids and inert material (fly ash).
Total calcium was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry
after the sample had been dissolved in hydrochloric acid.
Sulfate was determined gravimetrically, taking a 0.25-gram sample
which was dissolved in hydrochloric acid. The solution was filtered, and
barium chloride was added to the hot filtrate to precipitate barium sulfate.
This was filtered off through a tared Gooch crucible with a glass filter pad.
It was then dried and ignited at 800°C, cooled, and weighed.
Sulfite was determined volumetrically. A 0.5-gram sample was care-
fully acidified, using phenolphthalein indicator, then titrated directly with
standard iodine using starch indicator.
Carbonate was determined by a gravimetric method, after evolution as
C02, along with S02, by acidifying a 0.5-gram sample in a tared flask. The
flask was warmed gently to expel all gases, cooled, and weighed. The weight
decrease represents CO 2 + S02 and must be corrected for the SC>2 content deter-
mined by iodometric titration.
206
-------
B.2 TESTING METHODS USED TO DETERMINE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF
TREATED SLUDGE
The physical testing of sludge material Is patterned after the
American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) standards as indicated. Devia-
tions from the recommended procedures, which are described below, occurred be-
cause of the dissimilarities of the sludge material and soil properties for
which the ASTM standards directly apply.
B.2.1 Unconfined Compressive Strengths
Rectangular samples were cut from the interior of the Shelby tube
sludge cores for unconfined compressive strength measurements (in accordance
with ASTM Designation D 2166-66, "Standard Methods of Test for Unconfined Com-
pressive Strength of Cohesive Soil"). Typically, the samples were about
1 in. in cross-sectional area and about 2 in. in height. After measurement
of dimensions, the samples were weighed and placed in a vacuum oven at approx-
imately 60°C for drying to constant weight. Compressive strengths were mea-
sured on the unconfined samples, both in the as-received condition of the
cores and after drying, using an Instron testing machine to apply a compres-
sive load at a constant rate of 0.02 in./min. Unconfined compressive strength
is taken as the maximum load attained per unit area. The applied loads were
recorded continuously until structural failures were obtained.
B.2.2 Modified California Bearing Ratio (Load-Bearing Strength)
Load-bearing strengths were measured for sludge core samples, using
a method substantively similar to the standard bearing ratio test for com-
pacted soils (ASTM Designation D 1883-73). A 0.95-cm-diam (3/8-in.) rod was
forced into the sludge core samples at a constant rate of 0.25 cm/min
(0.1 in./min) with an Instron loading machine. Penetration loads were re-
corded continuously to a maximum penetration depth of 2.54 cm (1 in.). The
cylindrical core sample container was sufficiently large, 7-cm (2.7-in.) diam
by 10-cm (4-in.) depth, that edge and bottom effects were negligible. Tests
were also made with 1.27-cm (0.5-in.) and 2.54-cm (1-in.) diam rods which pro-
duced the same load-penetration curves for all three rods and confirmed that
rod size was not a variable in these measurements.
B.2.3 Ultimate Bearing Capacity
Ultimate bearing capacity is a field measurement taken with a pene-
trometer (Soiltest, Inc., Model CN-988), using a No. 1 probe having a cross-
sectional area of 0.33 in2. With a maximum depth range of 6 in., the pene-
trometer is manually pushed into the sludge material, and the maximum load per
unit area that can be reacted by the material is taken as the ultimate bearing
capacity.
207
-------
B.2.4 Permeability
Constant head permeability tests (for example, ASTM Designation
D 2434-68, "Standard Method of Test for Permeability of Granular Soils - Con-
stant Head") and leaching tests were made on monolithic samples of 4 to 6 in.
in height. Five-in.-diam. sections of treated sludge taken from the coring
tube were sealed with silicone elastomer in plastic tubes. After addition of
a 6-in. column of water above the sludge, the tubes were pressurized with
nitrogen to 5 psi to accelerate the tests if necessary. The rate of permea-
tion was measured and converted to permeability coefficients, and leachate
samples were collected periodically. The pH and TDS were measured immedi-
ately, and analyses for the major constituents were made according to the pro-
cedures described under chemical analyses.
B.2.5 Wet Bulk Density, Percent Solids
o
Samples were cut from Shelby tube cores to about 1 in. in a cross-
sectioned area about 2 in. in height. After measurement of dimensions, the
samples were weighed and placed in a vacuum oven at approximately 60°C for
drying to constant weight. The wet bulk density was taken as the material
weight divided by the volume in the as-received condition; percent solids were
taken as weight of the material minus the weight of the water (found by drying
the sample), divided by the weight of the material in the as-received
condition.
B.3 TESTING PROCEDURES FOR SOIL ANALYSIS
Approximately 100 grams of each sample were freeze-dried to constant
weight and finely ground in a porcelain ball mill.
B.3.1 Sulfate and Chloride Analysis
An accurately weighed aliquot of about 10 grams of the freeze-dried
powder was leached by 100 ml of boiling distilled water for one hour. The re-
sultant suspension was flocculated with KE^PO^ and filtered through Whatman
GF/F glass fiber filters. One-half of the leachate was titrated with AgN03
for chloride, and one-half was precipitated with BaSO, for sulfate. Both Cl
and SO* were near the limit of detection in most of the samples.
B.3.2 Elemental Analysis
An accurately weighed aliquot of about 5 grams of the freeze-dried
powder was leached for one hour with boiling concentrated nitric acid. The
acid was evaporated to near dryness, and the sample was washed through What-
man 52 filter paper with IN nitric acid. The volume was adjusted to 50 mA,
and Fe, Ca, Cd, As, Se, and Pb were determined by atomic absorption spectrom-
etry. As and Pb were determined by flameless AA (HGA-2100), whereas Fe, Ca,
and Cd were determined in the flame.
208
-------
Mercury was determined In an aliquot of the wet sediment so as to
avoid possible loss during freeze-drying and was leached with concentrated
HNO-j and KMnO^ in vessels with air condensers to avoid loss during digestion.
Concentrations were converted to dry weight using the water content data after
the cold vapor AA determination.
B.3.3 Results
The results of the analysis are given in Table B-l.
209
-------
TABLE B-l. SUMMARY SHEET, AEROSPACE SOIL SAMPLES,
MARCH 1977 CORING OF TVA/SHAWNEE PONDSa
Sample
I.D. Number
Pond Cf I in. below; surface
Pond C, 3 in. below surface
Pond C, 9 in. below surface
Pond D, 1 in. below surface
Pond D, 3 in. below surface
Pond D, 9 in. below surface
Pond E, 1 in. below surface
Pond E, 3 in. below surface
Pond E. 9 in. below surface
Location 1, 6 ft. 1 in. below
surface
Location 1, 6 ft. 3 in. below
surface
Location 1, 6 ft. 9 in. below
surface
Typical SoilBb
Water %
(wet sediment)
16.7
17.5
17.7
21.5
18.7
18.2
19. 0
20. 0
20.0
15.7
14.8
13.0
Concentration in Dry Sediment
S04, %
0.014
0. 015
0. 015
0.027
0. 037
0.037
0.062
0.046
0.028
0.005
<0. 001
0.010
Cl. %
0. 035
0. 043
0. 028
0.013
0.013
0.023
0.008
0.009
0.014
0.005
0.007
0.009
Fe. <%>
1.69
1. 72
1.78
1.06
1.06
1.26
1.57
2.07
1.80
1.86
1.75
1.27
1-2
Ca, %
0. 18
0. 16
0. 15
0.24
0.27
0.24
0.22
0.22
0.20
0.04
0. OS
0. 06
0. 1-0.6
Cd, ppm
<0.05
<0.05
<0. 05
<0. 05
<0.05
<0.05
<0.05
<0. 05
<0.05
<0.05
<0. 05
<0.05
<1
Pb, ppm
9.5
9.6
9.4
8. 5
8.6
8.8
8.6
12.3
10.8
8.4
9.4
8.4
15-25
A a , ppm
11.4
12. 3
13.2
7. 9
6.2
9.4
14. 1
16. 0
10.4
10.2
8. S
7. 7
5- 10
Se, ppm
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
< 5
< 5
<0. 5
Hg, ppm
0.014
0. 023
0.020
0.027
0.027
0. 035
0.033
0.024
0.033
0. 010
0. 019
0.005
0.03-0.06
N>
H*
o
aAnaly«i« by B.J. Presley, Texas A&M (1977).
bConnor and Schacklette, U.S.G.S. Professional Paper 574-F (1975).
-------
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read/MUructions on the reienc before complain?!
REPORT NO
EPA-600/7-80-011
RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.
TITLE ANDSUBTITLE
)isposal of Flue Gas Cleaning Wastes: EPA Shawnee
ield Evaluation-Third Annual Report
REPORT DATE
January 1980
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
AUTHORISI
R. B. Fling, P. R. Hurt, J. Rossoff, and J. R. Witz
. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO
ATR-80|7660-05)-2
ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
he Aerospace Corporation
nergy and Resources Division
. O. Box 92957
Los Angfiles, CA 90009
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
EHE624A
11. CONTRACT/OR ANT NO
68-02-2633
2. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
PA, Office of Research and Development
industrial Environmental Research Laboratory
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Annual; 9/74 - 6/78
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
EPA/600/13
5. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES TT^T>T DT j. tfi • T !• »ir T »» •! T\ 01
IhRL-RTP project officer is Julian W. Jones, Mail Drop 61,
919/541-2489. EPA-600/7-78-024 and -600/2-76-070 are previous annual reports.
The report describes progress made on a field evaluation project being
conducted by the EPA to assess techniques for disposing of power plant flue gas cleaning
(FGC) wastes. The evaluation site is at TVA's Sbawnee steam plant in Paducah, KY. Two
prototype scrubbers, using lime and limestone absorbents and rated at 10 MWe, produced
the sludges used in the project. By mid-1978, eight ponds were being evaluated: two
untreated, three chemically treated, and three untreated with underdrainage. One
underdrained pond contains sulfite sludge which has been oxidized to sulfate (gypsum).
Groundwater, supernate, leachate, underdrain, runoff, and sludge and soil cores are being
analyzed. After 3 years, the wastes in two of the chemically treated ponds and the
untreated ponds with underdrainage are exhibiting the ability to shed water and to control
seepage, respectively, and to support construction vehicles. The chemically treated pond
under water reduces sludge permeability by about 1 order of magnitude as do the others
and provides strength but not traction for vehicles. Gypsum dewaters and handles easily,
but its runoff and leachate must be controlled to prevent discharge to water supplies It
becomes structurally unstable when rewet; however, the disposal site can be managed to
- 1 • i • ^ ^^*r*r ****** W * 11M • BH^fc^^^A V**
prevent these conditions.
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
b IDENTIFIERS 'OPEN ENDED TERMS
Pollution
Waste Disposal
Flue Gases
Cleaning
Calcium Oxides
Calcium Carbonates
Scrubbers
Sludge
Gypsum
Pollution Control
Stationary Sources
Flue Gas Cleaning
1». SECURITY CLASS
------- |