United States EPA-600/ 8-83~029
Environmental Protection
Agency July 1983
Research and
Development
VOC FUGITIVE EMISSION
PREDICTIVE MODEL
USER'S GUIDE
Prepared for
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Prepared by
industrial Environmental Research
Laboratory
Research Triangle Park NC 27711
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RESEARCH REPORTING SERIES
Research reports of the Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, have been grouped into nine series. These nine broad cate-
gories were established to facilitate further development and application of
environmental technology. Elimination of traditional grouping was consciously
planned to foster technology transfer and a maximum interface in related fields.
The nine series are:
1. Environmental Health Effects Research
2. Environmental Protection Technology
3. Ecological Researcn
4. Environmental Monitoring
5. Sociceconomic Environmental Studies
6. Scientific and Technical Assessment Reports (STAR)
7. Interagency Energy-Environment Research and Development
8. "Special" Reports
9. Miscellaneous Reports
This report has been assigned to the SPECIAL REPORTS series. This series is
reserved for reports which are intended to meet the technical information needs
of specifically targeted user groups. Reports in this series include Problem Orient-
ed Reports, Research Application Reports, and Executive Summary Documents.
Typical of these reports include state-of-the-art analyses, technology assess-
ments, reports on the results of major research and development efforts, design
manuals, and user manuals
EPA REVIEW NOTICE
This report has been reviewed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and
approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily
reflect the views and policy of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or
commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
This document is available to the public through the National Technical Informa-
tion Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161.
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EPA-600/8- 83-029
July 1983
VOC FUGITIVE EMISSION PREDICTIVE
MODEL - USER'S GUIDE
by
J. I. Steinmetz and L. P. Provost
Radian Corporation
8501 Mo-Pac Blvd.
P.O. Box 9948
Austin, TX 78766
Contract No. 68-02-3171
Work Assignment No. 55
EPA Project Officer:
Bruce A. Tichenor
Industrial Processes Branch
Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, DC 20460
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PREFACE
Leak detection and repair (LDAR) programs for fugitive emission sources
are currently being developed for use in several processing industries. Data
to evaluate the occurrence and recurrence of leaks from various process units
and the effectiveness of simple on-line maintenance have been collected dur-
ing the past several years. This report describes a mathematical model for
evaluating the effects of various LDAR programs on controlling VOC fugitive
emissions. The original version of the model is fully described in a Radian
Corporation technical note (Reference 1). The current version has been de-
veloped under contract to the Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory,
Research Triangle Park, NC, of the United States Environmental Protection
Agency. In the current version, a cost-effectiveness analysis was added,
along with several modifications intended to enhance the overall capabilities
of the model. These modifications do not change the basic model's rationale
or methodology.
This report explains a Statistical Analysis System (SAS) computer pro-
gram which allows a user to enter LDAR input data and Initiate the model
discussed above through a low-speed terminal. The program is operational
on EPA's National Computer Center (NCC) IBM computer. Access to the NCC-IBM
is available to EPA; as well as other governmental units through EPA sponsor-
ship. EPA contractors can use the system under EPA authorisation. EPA ADP
coordinators are located at various EPA organizational units, including Re-
gional Offices, to assist potential users in gaining access to the NCC-IBM
system.
ii
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ABSTRACT
The United States EPA Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
(OAQPS) has the responsibility for developing regulatory strategies to
control fugitive emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC). The report
presented here was undertaken by EPA's Office of Research and Development
to assist OAQPS in this effort.
This report presents a brief discussion of a mathematical model which
can be used for evaluating the effectiveness of various leak detection and
repair (LDAR) programs on controlling VOC fugitive emissions from chemical,
petroleum, and other process units. The overall effectiveness of a LDAR
program can be examined by studying leak occurrence frequency, leak emis-
sion rates, leak recurrence frequency, repair effectiveness, and process
unit shutdown frequency. Additionally, examination of the time required
for simple on-line maintenance and inspection, repair parts and labor costs,
and administrative and support overhead costs can be used to quantify the
expected costs and cost-effectiveness of alternative LDAR programs. A use-
ful option in the model allows the determination of emissions reduction
associated with alternative LDAR programs. The model is capable of evaluat-
ing leak detection/maintenance frequencies of one month, three months, six
months, nine months and one year. Another feature of the model incorporates
the uncertainty of the inputs for examining emission reductions to calculate
approximate confidence intervals for the emission and reduction outputs.
This report also documents a computer program, available through EPA's
National Computer Center, which allows a user to enter LDAR input data and
initiate the above-described model through a low-speed terminal. Several
application examples are presented to illustrate the various program out-
puts.
iii
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CONTENTS
Preface ii
Abstract ill
List of Figures v
1. Introduction 1
2. LDAR Model Description 2
3. LDAR Model—User's Information 6
Introduction 6
Putting the Model "On Line" 6
Input Data Files 8
Using or .Changing "OLD" Data 10
Entering "NEW" Data 11
Monthly Follow-Up s 11
Confidence Intervals 12
Output Options 13
Outputs for Programmed Model 15
System Resources 19
4. Example Sessions 20
References 27
Appendices:
A. LDAR Model Enhancements 28
B. Source Program Listings 42
C. Input and Output for Example Run 70
iv
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LIST OF FIGURES
1. Schematic Diagram of a General Leak Detection and
Repair Program
2. Schematic Diagram of a Leak Detection and Repair Program
Requiring Quarterly Inspection with Monthly Follow-ups 5
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SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Fugitive volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from leaking process
unit components comprise a significant source of the total VOC emissions
from chemical and petroleum processes. Data to evaluate the occurrence and
recurrence of leaks from various process units and the effectiveness of
simple on-line repair have been collected over the past several years.
This information has been used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) in the development of
regulatory strategies to control VOC fugitive emissions. This study was
undertaken by EPA's Office of Research and Development to assist OAQPS in
this effort. This work effort was intended to develop a model for predict-
ing the influence of leak detection and repair (LDAR) programs on the fre-
quency of leaks and magnitude of mass emissions from chemical, petroleum,
and other processing units. Additionally, the model was to be programmed
for computer implementation.
This report contains four major sections and three appendices. A brief
description of the LDAR model is presented in Section 2. A guide to using
the interactive LDAR model software is presented in Section 3. Section 4
presents two example sessions using the LDAR model program. Enhancements
made to the original LDAR model are described in Appendix A. Appendix B
gives source program listings of the Statistical Analysis System (SAS) LDAR
model program and various programs used in setting up the input data files
and executing the LDAR program. Appendix C contains example input and out-
put listings for the LDAR program.
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SECTION 2
LDAR MODEL DESCRIPTION
The LDAR model ±s a mathematical model which can be used to evaluate
the impact of various leak detection and repair programs on the frequency
of leaks, monitoring and repair costs, and the magnitude of mass emissions
from various equipment within processing units. The original version of the
model is fully described in a technical note (Reference 1). In the current
version, a cost-effectiveness analysis was added, along with various modifi-
cations intended to enhance the overall capabilities of the model. Modifi-
cations were made to the original LDAR model (described in Appendix A) to
enhance the model's capabilities and provide for remote terminal operation.
The modifications do not change the model's basic mathematical structure.
Briefly, the standard for specific process fugitive emission sources,
such as valves, might require a work practice which includes periodic in-
spection of all affected sources, attempted repair of leaking sources, re-
inspection of repaired sources monthly until they are determined not to be
leaking for two successive months, and repair of leaking sources (including
those that could not be repaired on-line) during a process turnaround. The
model incorporates these basic rules while allowing variable inputs for
repair effectiveness, process unit shutdown frequency, leak occurrence fre-
quency, repair time, labor rate, etc. The uncertainty of the inputs for
examining emission reductions due to LDAR can also be incorporated into the
model and approximate confidence intervals calculated for the emission and
reduction outputs.
The model also includes options to evaluate alternative inspection
and repair programs. The alternative programs are limited to leak detection
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and repair at regular periods (one month, three months, six months, nine
months, or one year) with optional monthly follow-up on repaired sources
within a period.
Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the model for a simple leak de-
tection and repair program with no monthly follow-up of repaired sources.
Figure 2 shows a similar diagram for a modeled leak, detection and repair
program requiring quarterly inspection of all affected sources with re-
inspection of repaired sources monthly until they are determined not to be
leaking for two successive months.
A more complete description of the LDAR model can be found in a tech-
nical note prepared by Radian Corporation (Reference 1).
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Periodic Screening
of all Affected
Sources
Maintenance
Performed
on Leaklac
Sources
Moo-Leaking
Sources
Sources Mot Repaired
Sources Repaired ulch
Early Leak Recurrence
Sources Repaired ulth Leak
Recurrence During Period
Repaired Sources
Sources with Leak Occurrence During Partod
Non-Leaking Sources
Sources Repaired
at Turnaround
'eriodlc Screening
of All Affected
Sources
'Leaking sources Include all sources which had leak recurrence, had experienced
early failures, or had leak occurrence and regained leakers at the end of the
preceding period.
'Except sources for which attempted Maintenance was not successful.
Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of a General Leak Detection and Repair
Program.
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Sogrcea pot Repaired
Quarterly
Screening and
Maintenance of
Leaking
Sources1
Sources Repaired with teak
Recurrence During Month
(L««klng •ourcea Include mil source* which had leak recurrence, bed eiiperlenced
early failures, or had leak occorrence end regained leekere ak the end of the preceding quarter.
'Excv.pt sources for which attended wstntcnence ••* not aiteeteafut.
Figure 2. Schematic Diagram of a Leak Detection and Repair Program Requring Quarterly
Inspection with Monthly Follow-ups.
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SECTION 3
LDAR MODEL—USER'S INFORMATION
Introduction
This section discusses the procedures required to use the interactive
LDAR model software through EPA's National Computer Center (NCC) IBM system
(access to the system is described in the preface of the report). It is
designed to provide information necessary to enable users to enter LDAR in-
put data and run the model through a low-speed terminal. The next section
provides a step-by-step explanation on how to operate the model.
The following subsections describe the input/output data files and
discuss how to operate the model from a remote terminal.
Putting the Model "On Line"
The LDAR model runs on the EPA NCC-IBM's TSO (Time Sharing Option) sys-
tem. After "connecting" the remote terminal to the IBM (via telephone and
modem or direct line), the system will require the user to designate TSO
or OBS (On-line.Business System-WYLBUR). The user responds with "TSO," and
the system requests a "LOGON." After the user inputs "LOGON," the system
sequentially asks for USERID, PASSWORD, and ACCTUID. The user must respond
with proper, authorized codes for each of these requests. Both USERID and
PASSWORD are identifiers for specific users and take the form:
USERID - EPAiii (6 characters)
PASSWORD - EPA (6 characters)
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These codes are obtained via EPA ADP Coordinators. ACCTUID is an activity
identifier and for LDAR:
ACCTUID - VOCFENGRDRAD (12 characters)
After successful input of the above codes, the computer will respond
with "READY." The LDAR model can now be executed. First, the user must
provide an execute statement. For batch runs, the execute statement is:
EXEC ' CM. EPASDJ. VOCF. LDAR. DATAODARB)' 'DATACCS.EFAIU. VOCF.data s«t name) DEST(RKTn) STATUS(jJj)'
For interactive runs, the execute statement is:
EXEC 'CU.EPASDJ.VOCr.LDAR.DATAaDAR)1 'DATACCN. EPAiii.VOCF.dat* see nne) DEST(RMTn) STATUS(jjj)'
where "iii" are the last three characters of USERID, "n" is a one-, two-,
or three-digit remote destination identification (see Reference 3) and "jjj"
represents the status of the input data set (OLD or NEW). The operating
system requires the "data set name" to be a string of 29 characters or less
(which must be divided by periods into segments of eight characters or less).
The "data set name" enables an individual user to have access to more than
one input data set. For example, USERID EPAxxx could name his input data
sets as follows:
CN.EPAxxx.VOCF.TEST1.DATA
CN.EPAxxx.VOCF.TEST2.DATA
If the input data set has been cataloged then the STATUS(OLD) keyword in the
EXEC command is not required.
If confidence intervals on emission and reduction estimates are de-
sired, the job should be submitted to batch by using the first EXEC state-
ment. A job requiring confidence intervals can be run interactively with a
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slighc program modification (allocating more space to the work data set);
however, excessive time will be spent by the user at the terminal waiting
for the interactive job to finish running.
Hardcopy output will be routed to the remote destination designated in
the EXEC statement. Hardcopy can be obtained at any printing terminal via
ISO's QUEUE system using "DEST(RMT225)" in the execute statement. Informa-
tion on how to use QUEUE is available from EPA's NCC or by typing in "QUEUE"
after the system is "READY."
Upon loading the LDAR program, the terminal will respond with one of
the following messages:
*** LEAK DETECTION AND REPAIR (LDAR) MODEL (IN SAS 79.6)
*** FOR RUNNING A BATCH JOB
or *** LEAK DETECTION AND REPAIR (LDAR) MODEL (IN SAS 79.6)
*** FOR RUNNING AN INTERACTIVE JOB
The remainder of the session consists of a series of queries and prompts
from the program that require responses from the user.
Input Data Files
The input data files are created or changed by the LDAR program and are
not coded by the user. The user's terminal serves as the interactive read
and write units. The user's replies to data requests are read and the LDAR
program's queries and output are written.
During an interactive session with the LDAR program, input data are
entered, changed or deleted through user replies to specific questions or
data requests from the LDAR program. In most cases, only the first letter
of nonnumeric replies is necessary. For example, a "Y" has the same effect
as "YES." A user has the option of either running the LDAR model program
interactively or submitting the job to batch.
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The following LDAR input parameters are required by the LDAR model
program:
Model Plant ID
Source Type (e.g., valve, pump seal, etc.)
Service Type (e.g., gas, light liquid, heavy liquid)
Monitoring Interval (months)
Turnaround Frequency (months)
Emission Factor (kg/hr/source)
Leak Occurrence Rate (% per period)
Initial % Leaking
Emissions Reduction for Unsuccessful Repair (%)
Emissions Reduction for Successful Repair (%)
Early Leak Recurrence (% of repairs)
Unsuccessful Repair Rate (%)
Unsuccessful Repair Rate at Turnaround (%)
If a cost-effectiveness analysis is desired then the following additional
input parameters are required:
Total Number of Sources
Monitoring Time (minutes/source inspection)
Visual Monitoring Time (minutes/source)
Number of Visual Inspections Per Year
Repair Time (minutes/source)
Labor Rate ($/hr)
Parts Costs ($/source)
Administrative and Support Overhead Cost Factor (%)
Capital Recovery Factor (%)
Recovery Credit for Emission Reductions ($/megagram)
Finally, if confidence intervals on emission and reduction estimates
are desired then the following input parameters are required:
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Standard Error of Initial % Leaking
Standard Error of Emission Reduction Due to Unsuccessful Repair
Standard Error of Emission Reduction Due to Successful Repair
Standard Error of Unsuccessful Repair Rate
Standard Error of Early Leak Recurrence
Lower 957. Confidence Limit on Leak Occurrence Rate
Upper 95% Confidence Limit on Leak Occurrence Rate
Lower 95% Confidence Limit on Initial Emission Factor
Upper 95% Confidence Limit on Initial Emission Factor
Using or Changing "OLD" Data
If the status of the input data file is "OLD" then the user will be
queried as follows:
DOES YOUR INPUT DATA FILE PRESENTLY CONTAIN CASES
WHICH YOU WISH TO SAVE?
If the user wishes to delete all cases on the input data file and re-
build hia file then he should respond "NO." If the user responds "YES" the
program will identify the first case on the data file as in this example
MODEL PLANT A - GAS VALVES
and query the user as follows:
IS THIS A CHANGE, A DELETION, OR IS IT OK?
If the user wishes to keep the case as is, he should respond "OK." If
he does not want to include this case, then he should respond "DELETE."
Otherwise, if a change to one or more of the input parameter values is re-
quired, then he should reply "CHANGE." Changes and deletions are made to
the permanent input data file. If the user's response is "OK" or "DELETE"
then subsequent cases on the input data file will be identified and the user
will be queried as above.
10
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If the user's response is "CHANGE," he will get the following prompt:
IF A CHANGE IS REQUIRED RESPOND WITH THE CORRECTED VALUE,
OTHERWISE PRESS RETURN.
MODEL PLANT ID A
Each of the input parameter descriptions will be listed with their
current values (for the above example, "A" is the current value of Model
Plant ID). If the user wishes to change the value of a parameter, he must
enter the new value following the parameter description. If a change is
not desired, he should respond with a blank or null line (carriage return
with no data). Model plant ID, source type and service type are each limited
to a length of 20-characters. If the length of these variable inputs is
greater than 20-characters, they will be truncated.
Entering "NEW" Data
If the status of the input data file is "NEW" or all cases in the data
file were deleted (user responded "NO" to the initial query), then the user
will be prompted as follows:
RESPOND TO EACH PARAMETER DESCRIPTION WITH THE INPUT VALUE.
MODEL PLANT ID
Each input parameter description will be listed as a prompt to the user.
He must enter the parameter value following the description.
Monthly Follow-Ups
If a quarterly or less frequent monitoring/inspection interval is being
used, the user will be queried as follows:
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ARE MONTHLY FOLLOW-UPS TO BE PERFORMED BETWEEN THE
PERIODIC SCREENING AND MAINTENANCE OF SOURCES?
If the user wants the LDAR model to Incorporate monthly follow-ups be-
tween the periodic monitoring of sources, he should respond "YES." Other-
wise, the user should respond "NO."
Confidence Intervals
ARE CONFIDENCE INTERVALS ON EMISSION AND
REDUCTION ESTIMATES DESIRED?
If the user wants confidence interval estimates and responds "YES," he
will be prompted and/or queried as follows (depending on whether the case
being input is new or an old case is being changed):
New case:
RESPOND TO EACH PARAMETER DESCRIPTION WITH THE INPUT VALUE.
STD ERROR OF INITIAL % LEAKING
Each variability input parameter description will be listed as a prompt
to the user. He must enter the desired parameter value following the de-
scription.
Old case:
IS THIS A CHANGE OR ARE THE CONFIDENCE INTERVAL INPUTS OK?
If the user wishes to keep the confidence interval inputs as is, he
should respond "OK." Otherwise, if a change to one or more of the confi-
dence interval input parameter values is required, then he should respond
"CHANGE." This response will get the following prompt:
12
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IF A CHANGE IS REQUIRED RESPOND WITH THE CORRECTED VALUE,
OTHERWISE PRESS RETURN.
STD ERROR OF INITIAL % LEAKING
Each of the variability input parameter descriptions will be listed
with the current values. If the user wishes to change the value of a
parameter, he must enter the desired value following the description. If
a change is not desired, he should respond with a blank or null line
(carriage return with no data).
Output Options
IS A COMPLETE TABLED OUTPUT LISTING DESIRED?
If a complete hardcopy output listing (as described in the next section)
is required then the user should respond "YES." If, however, the following
selected output is sufficient the user should respond "NO."
Selected Output ("NO" response):
• input data listing
• table summarizing the fraction of sources screened and
operated on by turnaround
• table summarizing emission factors (kg/hr) and percent
reduction in mass emissions by turnaround
• table of initial leak repair costs
• table summarizing monitoring and leak repair costs
• table summarizing cost effectiveness.
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Once the user has been queried about each of the cases on the input
data file, he will have the option of adding new cases:
DO YOU WANT TO ADD ANOTHER CASE?
If the user's response is "YES," he will be prompted as before with
each input parameter description. Otherwise, a "NO" response will end the
LDAR data input phase of the interactive session.
If the job is to be run interactively, there will be no further prompts
and the following message will be given:
*** YOUR INTERACTIVE JOB IS NOW BEING PROCESSED
As soon as the interactive job has been processed (it may take several min-
utes for the job to run), the following message indicating a remote desti-
nation (remote 15 for this user) will be given:
*** OUTPUT SENT TO PRINTER (RMT15)
The interactive session is now terminated and the user is returned to
the time sharing system.
If the job is to be submitted to batch, the user will be prompted for
his user ID, account code and initiation priority as follows:
ENTER YOUR 6-CHARACTER USER ID
The user should enter his six-character User-ID. This User ID is in
the format EPAiii, where the characters "iii" are chosen for uniqueness
(these are often referred to as a user's "initials").
ENTER THE 12-CHARACTER ACCOUNT CODE AUTHORIZED FOR EPAiii
14
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The user must enter the twelve-character account code authorized for
his user-ID (use VOCFENGRDRAD).
ENTER THE INITIATION PRIORITY FOR WHICH YOU WISH TO BE BILLED
The user must specify the priority for which he wishes to be billed.
Valid priorities are 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 (Reference 3). When confidence inter-
val estimates are desired, job turnaround will be slow due to the CPU time
required by the LDAR model program.
As soon as the job has been submitted to batch, the following message
indicating the job number and remote destination (Job 4089 and remote 15
for this user) will be given:
JOB EPASDJ(JOB04089) SUBMITTED
*** OUTPUT SENT TO PRINTER (RMT115)
The interactive session is now terminated and the user is returned to
the time-sharing system.
Outputs for Programmed Model
The model is programmed to simulate implementation of a LDAR program
for six years. The output of the computer program is formatted for a 132
column printer and includes the following tables:
1. Input Data
All of the input data is printed out for each model plant,
source and service type combination (see previous list of
input data).
15
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2. Fraction of Sources Screened and Operated On
The following information is printed out for each turn-
around period:
(a) Fraction of sources screened,
(b) Fraction of sources operated on.
If a complete tabled output is requested, the fraction of
sources screened and operated on will also be given for
each month of the six-year period and for each year.
3. Estimated Emission Factors and Percent Reduction in Emissions
For each turnaround period the following information is
printed out:
(a) Average emissions per source (kg/hr) for the period
(with an approximate 90% confidence interval),
(b) Average percent reduction in emissions for the period
relative to initial emissions (with an approximate
90% confidence interval),
(c) Average percent reduction in emissions for the period
relative to emissions resulting when the LDAR program
is not in effect (with an approximate 90% confidence
interval). See Appendix A for more information on
this emission reduction estimate.
If a complete tabled output is requested, the above information
will also be given for each monitoring period.
4. Fractional Distribution of Sources
If a complete tabled output listing is requested, the fol-
lowing quantities are printed for the beginning (immediately
16
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following periodic maintenance) and for the end (just before
periodic maintenance is performed) of each period:
(a) Fraction of leaking sources due to leak occurrence
(screening > action level),
(b) Fraction of sources with attempted but unsuccessful
repair,
(c) Fraction of sources repaired but experiencing early
failure,
(d) Fraction of non-leaking sources (screening < action
level).
5. Initial Leak Repair Costs
For each source/service type within a model plant, the fol-
•
lowing information will be printed:
(a) Initial leak frequency,
(b) Number of sources,
(c) Number of initial leaks,
(d) Parts cost for initial leak repair,
(e) Labor cost for initial leak repair,
(f) Administrative and support cost for initial leak
repair,
(g) Total initial leak repair costs,
(h) Annualized charges for initial leak repair.
6. Monitoring and Leak Repair Costs
For each source/service type within a. model plant, the
following average annual monitoring and leak repair costs
(computed using the averages for the second turnaround)
will be given:
(a) Monitoring labor costs,
(b) Labor costs for ongoing leak repair,
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(c) Parts costs for ongoing leak repair,
(d) Administrative and support cost,
(e) Annualized charge for initial leak repair,
(f) Gross cost.
Model plant totals for each of the above parameters will
also be printed.
If a complete tabled output listing is requested, the above
costs will also be given for each year of the six-year
period.
7. Cost-Effectiveness Data
The following average annual cost-effectiveness data are
printed for each source/service type within a model plant
(values are computed from the second turnaround averages):
(a) Mass emissions reduction (megagram per year),
(b) Recovery credit,
(c) Net costs,
(d) Gross cost-effectiveness (per megagram),
(e) Net cost-effectiveness (per megagram).
Model plant totals for each of the above parameters will
also be given.
If a complete tabled output listing is requested, the above
cost-effectiveness data will also be given for each year of
the six-year period.
Examples of output from a model run can be found in Appendix C.
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System Resources
A job requires approximately 35 CPU (Central Processing Unit) seconds
on the EPA NCC system for the first case when confidence intervals are not
requested. The job will require an additional 1 to 2 CPU seconds for each
additional case. When confidence intervals are requested, the system re-
quires approximately 50 CPU seconds for the first case and an additional 8
to 12 CPU seconds for each additional case.
Turnaround time depends on the system load (and initiation priority for
a batch job) and can vary from several minutes to several hours.
19
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SECTION 4
EXAMPLE SESSIONS
This section presents two example sessions using the LDAR program. The
first example executes the LDAR program which submits the job to batch pro-
cessing. The LDAR input data file is "NEW" and is therefore created during
the session. The second example results in the LDAR model program running
interactively. In this session, changes are made to a LDAR input data file
previously cataloged. Data used for the sessions are for exemplary purposes
and are not relevant for any particular situation.
Example 1: Submitting Batch Job
After logging onto the system and obtaining READY, the program was exe-
cuted with the command
EXEC 'CN.EPASDJ.VOCF.LDAR.DATA(LDARB)' 'DEST(RMTIS) DATA(CN.EPAili.VOCF.NEW.DATA) STATUS(NEW)'
as described in Section 3. The following information was provided by the
user:
Remote Destination: RMT15
Input Data Set Name: CN.EPAiii.VOCF.NEW.DATA
Status of the Input Data Set: NEW
For the remainder of the session, the user's entries will be preceded by
the symbol "*". This symbol is used here to distinguish user response from
terminal queries or prompts, but is not provided during an actual session.
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*** LEAK DETECTION AND REPAIR (LDAR) MODEL (IN SAS 79.6)
*** FOR RUNNING A BATCH JOB
RESPOND TO EACH PARAMETER DESCRIPTION WITH THE INPUT VALUE.
MODEL PLANT ID
• A
SOURCE TYPE
* VALVES
SERVICE TYPE
* LIGHT LIQUID
MONITORING INTERVAL (MONTHS)
» 3
TURNAROUND FREQUENCY (MONTHS)
» 24
EMISSION FACTOR (KG/HR/SOURCE)
» 0.027
LEAK OCCURRENCE RATE (% PER PERIOD)
» 1.27
INITIAL % LEAKING
» 22
EMISSIONS REDUCTION FOR UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR (%)
» 62.6
EMISSIONS REDUCTION FOR SUCCESSFUL REPAIR (%)
* 97.7
EARLY LEAK RECURRENCE (% OF REPAIRS)
» 14
UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR RATE (%)
» 10
UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR RATE (%) AT TURNAROUND
* 0
TOTAL # OF SOURCES
* 260
MONITORING TIME PER SOURCE INSPECTION (MINUTES)
» 2
VISUAL MONITORING TIME PER SOURCE (MINUTES)
• 0
NUMBER OF VISUAL INSPECTIONS PER YEAR
« 0
REPAIR TIME PER SOURCE (MINUTES)
« 68
LABOR RATE ($/HOUR)
• 18
PARTS COST PER SOURCE ($)
» 0
A & S OVERHEAD COST FACTOR (%)
» 40
CAPITAL RECOVERY FACTOR (%)
* 16.3
RECOVERY CREDIT FOR EMISSIONS REDUCTION ($/MG)
» 215
21
-------
Since the status of the input data file is "NEW" the user was imme-
diately prompted for input data. Following each input parameter descrip-
tion, the user entered the parameter value.
ARE MONTHLY FOLLOW-UPS TO BE PERFORMED BETWEEN THE
PERIODIC SCREENING AND MAINTENANCE OF SOURCES?
* YES
ARE CONFIDENCE INTERVALS ON EMISSION AND
REDUCTION ESTIMATES DESIRED?
• YES
RESPOND TO EACH PARAMETER DESCRIPTION WITH THE INPUT VALUE.
STD ERROR OF INITIAL % LEAKING
* 2
STD ERROR OF EMISSION REDUCTION DUE TO UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR
* 10
STD ERROR OF EMISSION REDUCTION DUE TO SUCCESSFUL REPAIR
» 4
STD ERROR OF UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR RATE
• 8
STD ERROR OF EARLY LEAK RECURRENCE
» 5
LOWER 95% CONFIDENCE LIMIT ON LEAK OCCURRENCE RATE
» 0.7
UPPER 95% CONFIDENCE LIMIT ON LEAK OCCURRENCE RATE
• 1.0
LOWER 95% CONFIDENCE LIMIT ON INITIAL EMISSION FACTOR
• 0.013
UPPER 95% CONFIDENCE LIMIT ON INITIAL EMISSION FACTOR
• 0.054
IS A COMPLETE TABLED OUTPUT LISTING DESIRED?
• YES
DO YOU WANT TO ADD ANOTHER CASE?
» NO
22
-------
The user selects the model options by replying appropriately to the
queries. Since the user desired confidence intervals on emission and re-
duction estimates, he was prompted for variability input data. The user
entered the desired parameter value following each parameter description.
ENTER YOUR 6-CHARACTER USER ID
* EPAiii
ENTER THE 12-CHARACTER ACCOUNT CODE AUTHORIZED FOR EPAiii
» VOCFENGRDRAD
ENTER THE INITIATION PRIORITY FOR WHICH YOU WISH TO BE BILLED
• 1
Since the user did not wish to add another case, he has been prompted
for his user ID, account code, and initiation priority. These values are
required to submit the job to batch.
JOB EPASDJ(JOB04089) SUBMITTED
*** OUTPUT SENT TO PRINTER (RMT15)
The message above indicates that the job has been submitted to batch
(Job #4089 for this example) and the hardcopy output has been routed to
the printer (Remote 15 for this example). The session is now over.
Example 2; Interactive Run
This program was initiated with the command
EXEC 'CM.EPASDJ.VOCF.UDAR.DATA(LDAR>' 'OTST(BMT15> DATAtCN.EPAUi.VOCF.OLD.DATA) STATUS (OLD)'
as described in Section 3. The information provided by the user is as
follows:
23
-------
Remote Destination: RMT15
Input Data Set Name: CN.EPAiii.VOCF.OLD.DATA
Status of the Input Data Set: OLD
Since the input data set has already been cataloged the "STATUS(OLD)" key-
word was not required in the above EXEC command. As with the first example
interactive session, the user's entries will be preceded by the symbol "»".
This symbol will not be used as a prompt during the actual session.
*** LEAK DETECTION AND REPAIR (LDAR) MODEL (IN SAS 79.6)
*** FOR RUNNING AN INTERACTIVE JOB
DOES YOUR INPUT DATA FILE PRESENTLY CONTAIN CASES
WHICH YOU WISH TO SAVE?
* YES
Since the status of the input data file is "OLD" the user had the op-
tion of deleting all cases on the file. The user did, however, wish to
keep the cases and make changes to them.
MODEL PLANT A - GAS VALVES
IS THIS A CHANGE, A DELETION, OR IS IT OK?
* OK
MODEL PLANT A - LIGHT LIQUID VALVES
IS THIS A CHANGE, A DELETION, OR IS IT OK?
* DELETION
MODEL PLANT A - LIGHT LIQUID PUMP SEALS
IS THIS A CHANGE, A DELETION, OR IS IT OK?
* CHANGE
IF A CHANGE IS REQUIRED RESPOND WITH THE CORRECTED VALUE,
OTHERWISE PRESS RETURN.
24
-------
MODEL PLANT ID A
»
SOURCE TYPE PUMP SEALS
•
SERVICE TYPE LIGHT LIQUID
•
MONITORING INTERVAL (MONTHS) 1
•
TURNAROUND FREQUENCY (MONTHS) 24
•
EMISSION FACTOR (KG/HR/ SOURCE) 0.027
•
LEAK OCCURRENCE RATE (% PER PERIOD) 3.5
* 1.3
INITIAL % LEAKING 10
* 12
EMISSIONS REDUCTION FOR UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR (%) 65 •
»
EMISSIONS REDUCTION FOR SUCCESSFUL REPAIR (%) 97.7
•
EARLY LEAK RECURRENCE (% OF REPAIRS) 14
•
UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR RATE (%) 10
•
UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR RATE (%) AT TURNAROUND 0
•
TOTAL # OF SOURCES 200
•
MONITORING TIME PER SOURCE INSPECTION (MINUTES) 10
•
VISUAL MONITORING TIME PER SOURCE (MINUTES) 0.5
•
NUMBER OF VISUAL INSPECTIONS PER YEAR 52
•
REPAIR TIME PER SOURCE (MINUTES) 960
•
LABOR RATE ($/HOUR) 18
•
PARTS COST PER SOURCE ($) 113
•
A & S OVERHEAD COST FACTOR (%) 40
•
CAPITAL RECOVERY FACTOR (%) 16.3
#
RECOVERY CREDIT FOR EMISSIONS REDUCTION ($/MG) 215
ARE CONFIDENCE INTERVALS ON EMISSION AND
REDUCTION ESTIMATES DESIRED?
NO
25
-------
IS A COMPLETE TABLED OUTPUT LISTING DESIRED?
* NO
MODEL PLANT A - HEAVY LIQUID PUMP SEALS
IS THIS A CHANGE, A DELETION, OR IS IT OK?
• OK
DO YOU WANT TO ADD ANOTHER CASE?
* NO
During the session presented above, the user kept the first case as is,
deleted the second case, changed the third case and kept the last case as is.
He also chose not to add another case.
*** YOUR INTERACTIVE JOB IS NOW BEING PROCESSED
The message above indicates that the interactive job is being processed.
During the processing of the job, the carriage will return several times be-
fore the following message is given.
*** OUTPUT SENT TO PRINTER (RMT15)
The interactive job is now complete and will output at the printer
(Remote 15 for this example). The session is now over.
Appendix C contains the input and output files for the above interactive
session examples.
26
-------
REFERENCES
1. Williamson, H. J., L. P. Provost, and J. I. Steinmetz. Model for
Evaluating the Effects of Leak Detection and Repair Programs on
Fugitive Emissions. Technical Note, Radian Corporation, Austin, Texas,
1981.
2. .SAS User's Guide, 1979 Edition. SAS Institute, Inc., 1979.
3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Management Information and Data
Systems Division. NCC-IBM User's Guide. National Computer Center,
February, 1982 (revised September, 1982).
4. Langley, G. J. and R. G. Wetherold. Evaluation of Maintenance for
Fugitive VOC Emission Control. EPA-600/52-81-080, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1981. 30 pp.
27
-------
APPENDIX A
LDAR MODEL ENHANCEMENTS
In order to enhance the leak detection and repair model developed by
Radian Corporation (Reference 1), the following items were added to the
model's capabilities:
a cost-effectiveness analysis,
the option to evaluate 6-month, 9-month and one-year periodic
inspection and repair programs with monthly reinspection of
repaired sources within a period, and
• an emissions reduction estimate comparing the emission estimate
resulting from the LDAR program to the emission estimate resulting
when the LDAR program is not in effect.
This appendix documents the changes incorporated into the LDAR model
developed by Radian Corporation (Reference 1).
Cost Inputs to the Model and Solutions
Definitions of Cost Inputs to the Model
The following are required cost inputs to the LDAR model:
TOTAL - total number of sources
MONITOR * monitoring time (minutes/source inspection)
VISUAL • visual monitoring time (minutes/source)
N • number of visual inspections per source per year
REPAIR - repair time (minutes/source)
28
-------
LABOR » labor rate ($/hour)
PARTS - repair parts cost ($/source)
OCF - administrative and support overhead cost factor (%)
CRF » capital recovery factor (%)
CREDIT • recovery credit for emission reductions ($/megagram)
Initial Leak Repair Cost Estimates
The following initial leak repair cost estimates are derived from
inputs to the model as shown below.
Parts Cost - (# sources)(initial leak frequency)(parts cost - $/source)
Labor Cost - (# sources)(initial leak frequency)(repair time -
min/source)(labor rate - $/hr)(hr/60 min)
Administrative & Support (A&S) Overhead Cost - (labor cost)
•(overhead cost factor - %)/100
Total Costs • Parts Cost + Labor Cost + A&S Overhead Cost
Annualized Charges for Initial Leak Repair » (Total Costs)(capital
recovery factor - %)/100
Annual Monitoring and Leak Repair Cost Estimates
Annual monitoring and leak repair cost estimates are derived from
cost inputs and quantities computed by the model (i.e. , fraction of sources
screened in a given year) as shown below.
Monitoring Labor Costs in Year i - Instrument Monitoring Costs +
Visual Monitoring Costs
» (# sources)(fraction monitored in year i)•(monitoring time -
min/source)(labor rate - $/hr)-(hr/60 min)
+ (# sources)(# visual inspections per year per source)•(visual
time - min/source).(labor rate - $/hr)(hr/60 min)
29
-------
Ongoing Repair Costs:
Parts Cost in Year i * (# sources)
*(fraction operated on in year i)
•(parts cost - $/source)
Labor Cost in Year i * (# sources)
•(fraction operated on in year i)
•(repair time - min/source)(labor rate - $/hr)(hr/60 min)
The fraction operated on in the 1st year does not include initial leak
repairs,
A&S Overhead Costs in Year i
= (Monitoring Labor Costs in Yr i + Repair Labor Costs in Yr i)
(Overhead cost factor - %)/100
Gross Cost in Year i « Monitoring Cost in Yr i + Repair Parts Cost in
Yr i + Repair Labor Cost in Yr i + A&S Overhead Cost in Yr i +
Annualized Charge for Initial Leak Repair
Annual Cost Effectiveness Estimates
Annual cost effectiveness estimates are derived from model inputs and
quantities computed by the model (i.e., mean emission rate in year i) as
shown below.
Emission Reduction in Year i (Megagrams)
• (# sources)(initial emission factor (kg/hr) - mean emission
rate in yr i (kg/hr))•(8760 hr/yr)(mg/1000 kg)
Recovery Credit in Year i • (Emission Reduction in yr i - mg)•
(recovery credit for emission reductions - $/mg)
Net Cost in Year i - Gross Cost in Year i - Recovery Credit in Year i
Gross Cost Effectiveness in Year i (per mg)
• Gross Cost in Yr i/Emission Reduction in Yr i
Net Cost Effectiveness in Year i (per mg)
- Net Cost in Yr i/Emission Reduction in Yr i
30
-------
Alternative LDAR Programs
The modeled work practice described in Radian's Technical Note
(Reference 1) has been generalized to include 6-month, 9-month and one year
periodic inspection and repair programs with optional monthly follow-ups.
This section documents changes and/or additions which can be made to Section
4 of the above-referenced technical note to incorporate the alternative LDAR
programs.
Definitions of Inputs to the Model
The following are required inputs to the model for examining emission
reductions due to LDAR:
IFL * fraction of sources leaking initially (from leak occurrence)
f1 » one minus emissions reduction from unsuccessful repair, defined
byEE-f1EL
f9 » one minus emissions reduction from successful repair, defined by
EF-f2EL
E.. " initial emission factor for all sources (kg/hr/source)
f_, • fraction of leaking sources for which attempted repair is
1 unsuccessful
fp » fraction of sources operating properly at the beginning that
become leakers during a period (leak occurrence)
f_ • fraction of successfully repaired sources that experience early
2 / \
, ., /number of early failures \
failure ( • • ,• = :—5 I
I number of sources repaired)
1
f_ » f_ when a process turnaround occurs
El El
TURN - frequency of turnaround (in months). TURN is restricted to
multiples of the value of the PERIOD parameter.
31
-------
PERIOD » frequency of periodic monitoring of sources (in months).
PERIOD is restricted to one of the following values: 1, 3,
6, 9 or 12.
Definitions of Quantities Derived from the Inputs
The following quantities are derived from the inputs to the model:
ET * average emission factor for sources leaking at or above the
action level
E_ • average emission factor for sources leaking below the action level
EL » average emission rate for sources which experienced early leak
recurrences or for sources which were unsuccessfully maintained
Note that all of the quantities defined above are constants, i.e., are
not functions of time. From these quantities, it is possible to write re-
cursive equations which express the state of the system as a function of
time. The "state of the system" at a given time consists of four numbers:
the fractions of the sources in each of four categories (see below). The
following are definitions of the variables which describe the state of the
system as a function of time.
R(t) - fractional reduction in emissions during the t period due to
the maintenance
F7(t) - fraction of sources leaking (leaking at rate ET) at the begin-
th
ning of the t period, before maintenance (due to occurrence)
F-(t) • analogous quantity to FT(t), immediately after maintenance
LI LI
F~
E-(t) » fraction of sources which were unrepaired just before
maintenance
F+
ET(t) » analogous quantity to F (t) just after maintenance
1 Ex
F (t) * fraction of sources that were repaired and experienced early
2 failure, just before maintenance
32
-------
F_ (t) - analogous quantity to F~ (t) , just after maintenance
F (t) » fraction of sources which were non-leaking (that is, leaking
* below the action level) just before maintenance
F (t) * fraction of sources which were non-leaking just after main-
" tenance
Expressions for Intermediate Derived Quantities
The expressions for the intermediate derived quantities of EL , £„ and
EL, as they appear in the technical note (Reference 1) are not affected by
the LDAR program generalization capability.
A set of recursive equations has been derived which can be used to
express the state of the system at successive times t, in months. Separate
equations apply for
(1) periods at which turnarounds are performed,
(2) periods at which regular periodic maintenance is performed, and
(3) the months between periods.
The equations for (1) and (2), above, appear in the technical note
(Reference 1) under "Equations for Turnaround" and "Equations for Quarter,"
respectively. They are unaffected by the LDAR program generalization
capability. Equations for months between periods are changed as given
below.
Equations for Months Between Periods
For monthly maintenance at time t, the following eight equations
apply:
33
-------
The first four equations define the fraction of sources in each
category just before monthly maintenance as a function of conditions just
after the last maintenance (at the period or subsequent month after the
period).
Fl (t) - Fp (t-1)
El El
F~ (t) - F+ (t-1)
E2 E2
F~ (t) - Fp (t-1) (1-FFl)
FL (t) " FL (t~1) + FP (t"1) FF1
where FF1 is a 30-day leak occurrence rate estimate based on £„ and modeled
using the exponential distribution (Reference 4).
The following four equations define the fraction of sources in each
category just after monthly maintenance as a function of conditions just
before maintenance.
F+ (t) - F: (t) + N f
E E op E
N is the fraction of sources for which monthly maintenance is under-
op
taken at time t. The equations for N , which are different for the first
and subsequent months after the period, are given below.
Since unrepaired sources remain unrepaired until a turnaround, F (t)
h
is the fraction of unrepaired sources before monthly maintenance plus
the fraction of sources for which maintenance was unsuccessful during the
monthly maintenance.
34
-------
F_ (t) • N (l-f~ ) f^ t* ^TJ (fc) if monthly maintenance is not done]
E2 op E1 E2 E2
FP <*> ~ FP~ «> + Nop U-'E (1-fE)fEl
Note that the fraction F (t) of sources leaking below the action level
just after monthly maintenance is the corresponding fraction just before
maintenance plus the fraction successfully repaired.
F+ (t) - 1 - F+ (t) - F+ (t) - F+ (t)
L P
The quantity N , employed above, is obtained as follows for the first
month after a period ; the time at the period is t . Note that the time
index is just an argument in a set of functions; the symbol t is used here
simply to indicate a specific time in the past.
If a turnaround was performed at the last period, N , is defined as
C K.
follows:
Nck
If regular periodic maintenance was performed at the last period, N ,
is:
Nck - 'FL (to>
In either case, N is defined as follows:
op
Nck
where g is f_ if a turnaround was performed at the last period and f_
El El
if regular periodic maintenance was performed.
35
-------
Note that N , is the fraction of sources maintained at the beginning
Civ
of the period. The quantity N is the fraction of the sources which had
maintenance attempted at the first month. The sources with attempted
maintenance include:
(1) early leakers after the last periodic maintenance,
(2) sources maintained at the period which are neither early leakers
nor unrepaired, but which experienced leak recurrence.
The fraction screened each month between periods is the number
operated on two months ago minus the fraction of those sources which are un-
•
repaired.
Note: If the monthly maintenance is not done, set N - N , - 0 but
calculate F_ (t) » F~ (t) , as indicated above, where t is the time at the
E2 E2
month in question. This statement applies for maintenance at both the first
and subsequent months after the period.
The quantity N is obtained as follows for the second, third, fourth,
. . . month after a period; the time at the period is t .
p
Define N - N value from prior month and N PP P value from
°P " op
prior month.
Fraction of sources operated on * N
op
m * [NP? " " " N??gl m
where for the second month g is f if a turnaround was performed at the
El
36
-------
last period and fg if regular periodic maintenance was performed ; else for
the third, fourth, ... month g is f .
El
Note that in this case N is the sum of
op
(1) the fraction of the sources which were early leakers after
maintenance at the prior month,
(2) the fraction of the sources with maintenance attempted at the
first month which were not unrepaired or early leakers, but
became leakers during the month, and
(3) the fraction of sources with maintenance attempted for two months
prior, excluding those with attempted maintenance at the prior
month and those unrepaired two months prior, which became leakers
during the prior month.
Frac_tj.on of Sources Screened
The fraction of sources screened is as follows:
(1) At a turnaround or regular periodic maintenance (time t):
1 - F^ (t)
(2) at first month after period:
(3) at second, third, ... month after period
d-g) - N f
op v s/ op
37
-------
Fraction of Sources for Which Maintenance is Performed
The fraction of sources for which maintenance is performed is as
follows:
(1) at turnaround (time t):
F (t) -I- Fl (t) + F (t)
L E2 El
(2) at regular periodic maintenance (time t)
F (t) + F (t)
L E
(3) at the months following the period: N , defined above
Average Emission Factor for the n-Month Period Beginning at Time t!
(t + i) + FL(t + i + 1)]
-
+ Z [PI (t + 1) + F_ (t + 1 + 1) + F (t + i) + F (t + i)
i-0 El El E2 E2
n-1 _ .
+ F (t + i -1- 1)] E + I [F"; (t + i) + F (t + i + 1)] EL, I
E E - P P ^
Fractional Reduction in Emissions
The fractional reduction in emissions for this period due to the LDAR
program (relative to initial emissions) is as follows:
38
-------
BEFORE - AFTER
BEFORE
BEFORE - F~ (0) EL + [l-F~(0)]Ep - EX
AFTER • given above.
Alternative Emission Reduction Estimate
In addition to the emission reduction estimate relative to initial
emissions, an emission reduction estimate relative to emissions resulting
when the LDAR program is not in effect is also computed by the LDAR program.
This estimate may be useful when adequate initial emission data are not
available for a situation. The schematic diagram (Figure A-l) demonstrates
roughly how the "no LDAR program" comparison works for a two-year turnaround.
For the "no LDAR program" ("uncontrolled") approach, leaking sources are
repaired during a process turnaround.
Note that for this approach:
(1) "LDAR program" emissions are always less than or equal to
"uncontrolled" emissions.
(2) "Initial" emissions may be less than or greater than "uncontrolled"
emissions after the first turnaround. This relationship will
depend on the initial fraction leaking/leak occurrence ratio
primarily.
(3) Similarly to (2) for "initial" and "LDAR program" emissions.
39
-------
M
e
o
01
en
•H
8
td
Uncontrolled (no LDAR program)
Initial
LDAR program
123456
(turnaround) (turnaround) (turnaround)
Years
Figure A-l. Schematic diagram of emissions.
40
-------
The fractional reduction in emissions for the period due to the LDAR
program (relative to "uncontrolled" emissions) is as follows:
BEFORE - AFTER
BEFORE
BEFORE - average emission factor resulting when the LDAR program is
not in effect
- (MOFL) ET + (1 - MOFL) E..
Lt c
AFTER ™ average emission factor for the period as defined in the
preceding section
where MOFL » average fraction of sources leaking over the period,
E and E_, are as defined in the preceding section.
L r
The average fraction of sources leaking over the n-month period
beginning at time t (MOFL) is derived as follows:
n-1
MOFL - Z OFL(t + i)/n
i-0
where OFL(t) * fraction of sources leaking at time t
- FF(t)[l-FLEAK(t)] + FLEAK(t)
and FF(t) * m-month occurrence rate estimate modeled using the
exponential distribution (Reference 4), where m « number
of months since the last turnaround
'initial fraction leaking, if at or prior to 1st turnaround
FLEAKt ) m < fraction of sources experiencing
early leak recurrences immediately otherwise
following the most recent turnaround
41
-------
APPENDIX B
SOURCE PROGRAM LISTINGS
This appendix gives the source program listings of the LDAR model pro-
gram and the various other programs which set up the input data files and
executes the LDAR program. These programs are sequential files and members
of the following partitioned data set (PDS):
CN.EPASD J. VOCF. LDAR.DATA
The members of the above-named PDS and their functions are as follows:
MODEL Programmed model which simulates the implementation of a
LDAR program for six years.
SETUP Sets up the LDAR input data file by interacting with the
user.
SETJCL Sets up the JCL input data file by interacting with the user.
This member is used only when the job is being submitted to
batch.
LDAR Interactive program control. This member is a CLIST which
contains the ALLOCATE commands and the CALL command required
for running the LDAR model program interactively.
LDARB Batch program control. This member is a CLIST which contains
the ALLOCATE commands , CALL command and SUBMIT command
required for submitting the LDAR model program to batch.
42
-------
The first three PDS members listed above are Statistical Analysis
System (SAS) programs. SAS is an integrated system for data management
and statistical analysis (Reference 2).
A second data set, CN.EPASDJ.VOCF.LDAR.JCL.DATA, contains the JCL
created by SETJCL. This file is used as an input data file and is re-
created each time a LDAR batch job is submitted. An example of the form
of this file can be found in Appendix C.
43
-------
Table B-l. PDS Member: MODEL
yyyyi **;
00002 *+'
00003 *
00004 *
00005 *
00006 *
00007 *
00008 *
00009 *
00010 *
00011 *
00012 *
00013 *
t\ /\ A t A i. a.
00014 **=
00015 **'
It***:* *****:**:**:<<* :****** f-ff-flf'-f* •***'•* 99-f-r9-ff-f9-f9-f¥-ff-f!*M'#-^*.f: * + *•(:# •(=*•!« .(i* #'^*-f.^*-('<(-K* + *-(t* + #'t!* + *-H*-ll*'(t*'H*'*#'f*'f:*-*'"(' +
THIS STATISTICAL ANALYSIS SYSTEM (SAS) PROGRAM
ALLOWS THE USER TO EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF A
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM ON FUGITIVE EMISSIONS FROM
CERTAIN IN-LINE SOURCES.
RADIAN CORPORATION
AUSTIN, TEXAS
AUGUST, 1932
M.M.fc*.(t*.t:i.fct.M.M-M.fc*.M.M**-fc*-*--M+-^
Ic A *lt ft *lc ft 'tc It •!• It 'b 4 *fc A 'fc ft 'i1 i *tr 'Ir 4 i -i"t i -fc t :t -t-'lt i-k 4 -fc- ft -t ft * ft -i: 4 -ie ft 'ft ft •!: -i 't it •!: ^k'kik 'fc i -fc i -le i *fc *ti 4i *k & >
Jt*'r^'ft*f'* -T •!*•£ *•!** *^'!!*'p?t»f:* 'f-**?" *-p*-f*l*'r**r +-r * -P -F *r V -r ^ •lc * -r *-F«-f*'f» ** •*
**** ;
*:
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*:
*:
*;
*;
+ •(=** f
****;
00016 OPTIONS LS=132 PS=48 NONUMBER NODATE NOSOURCE NONOTES;
00017 **=
00018 *
00019 *
00020 *
00021 *
00022 *
00023 *
00024 *
00025 *
00026 *
00027 *
00028 *
00029 *
00030 *
00031 *
00032 *
00033 *
00034 *
00035 *
00036 *
00037 *
00038 * '
00039 *
00040 *
00041 *
00042 •*
00043 *
00044 *
00045 *
00046 *
00047 *
00048 *
00049 *
kit A;k A *k'fc A *4* 4c 'V A *V dc *k A *fc A "It ft Uc 1 ~k 1 't- i 'fc4 "fc t *fc A *lc t'fc A 'fc'k i ifc "k 4c "fc'fc A 4*k'ir ^'k A'fc A 'If4c *ki '4° *A "4* 'M 'k4 '4* 4'
I* I** **!** »• » T- *•*
IN ORDER TO PROPERLY IMPLEMENT THE PROGRAM THE FOLLOWING
INPUT PARAMETERS ARE REQUIRED!
TYPE* SOURCE TYPE IDENTIFICATION
SERVICE=SERVICE TYPE IDENTIFICATION
PLANT=PLANT IDENTIFICATION
IFL=PERCENT OF SOURCES LEAKING INITIALLY
SE1=STANDARD ERROR OF IFL (NOT REQUIRED IF OPTION1=0)
F1=EMISSION REDUCTION FROM AN UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR (%)
SE2=STANDARD ERROR OF F1 (NOT REQUIRED IF OPTION1=0)
F2=E«ISSIQN REDUCTION FROM A SUCCESSFUL REPAIR (Z)
SE3=STANDARB ERROR OF F2 (NOT REQUIRED IF OPTION1=0)
FE1=PERCENT OF SOURCES UITH ATTEMPTED MAINTENANCE
FOR WHICH THE REPAIR UAS NOT SUCCESSFUL
SE4=STANDARD ERROR OF FE1 (NOT REQUIRED IF OPTION1=Q)
FE2=PERCENT OF SUCCESSFULLY REPAIRED SOURCES THAT EXPERIENCE
EARLY FAILURE
SE5=STANDARD ERROR OF FE2 (NOT REQUIRED IF OPTION1=0)
FF=PERCENT OF SOURCES OPERATING PROPERLY AT THE BEGINNING
THAT BECOME LEAKERS DURING A PERIOD.
FFA=LOUER BOUND OF A TUO-TAILED 95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL ON
FF (NOT REQUIRED IF OPTION1=0)
FFB=UPPER BOUND OF A TUO-TAILED 95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL ON
FF (NOT REQUIRED IF OPTIO(<1=0)
EI=INITIAL EMISSION FACTOR (KB/HR/30URCE) FOR ALL SOURCES
EIA^LOWER BOUND OF A TWO-TAILED 95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL ON
El (NOT REQUIRED IF OPTION1=0)
EIB=UPPER BOUND OF A TUO-TAILED 95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL ON
El (NOT REQUIRED IF QpriONI'O)
TURN=FRE9UENCY OF TURNAROUND IN MONTHS (DEFAULT IS 24 MONTHS).
TURN 13 RESTRICTED TO MULTIPLES OF THE VALUE OF THE PERIOD
***;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*•
*;
*;
*:
*;
*;
*:
*;
*;
*;
*:
*;
*;
*;
*;
*:
*i
*;
*;
*:
*;
*;
:»:;
*;
+ ;
:»:;
+:
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00050
00051
00052
00053
00054
00055
00056
00057
00058
00059
00060
00061
00062
00063
00064
00065
00066
00067
00068
00069
00070
00071
00072
00073
00074
00075
00076
00077
00078
00079
00080
00081
00082
00083
00034
00085
00086
00087
00088
00089
00090
00091
00092
00093
00074
00095
00096
00097
00098
00099
* PARAMETER.
* FE=THE VALUE OF FE1 UHEN A PROCESS TURNAROUND OCCURS (DEFAULT
* VALUE IS ZERO)
* OPTION1=0. IF CONFIDENCE INTERVALS ON EMISSION AND REDUCTION
* ESTIMATES ARE NOT DESIRED (DEFAULT VALUE);
* »1. IF CONFIDENCE INTERVALS ARE DESIRED.
* QPTION2=0, IF ONLY SUMMARY TABLED OUTPUT IS DESIRED
* (DEFAULT VALUE);
* =1, IF COMPLETE TABLED OUTPUT IS DESIRED.
* OPTION3=0, IF MONTHLY FOLLOU-UPS ARE NOT TO BE PERFORMED
* BETUEEN THE PERIODIC SCREENING AND MAINTENANCE
* OF SOURCES (DEFAULT VALUE) —- THE FREQUENCY OF
* THESE CHECKS hUST BE SPECIFIED (SEE 'PERIOD"'
* PARAMETER BELOU);
* =1, IF MONTHLY FOLLOU-UPS ARE TO BE PERFORMED
* BETUEEN THE PERIODIC SCREENING AND MAINT-
* ENANCE OF SOURCES.
* PERIOD=FREQUENCY (IN MONTHS) OF PERIODIC SCREENING AND
MAINTENANCE OF SOURCES (IF OPTION3=1 THEN PERIOD
DEFAULTS TO 3 ELSE PERIOD CAN BE SPECIFIED
AS ANY ONE OF THE FOLLOUING VALUES: 1,3, 6, 7, OR 12)
*** **#*#*:!
IN ORDER TO IMPLEMENT THE COSTING SECTION OF THE PROGRAM THE
FOLLOUING ADDITIONAL INPUT PARAMETERS ARE REQUIRED:
* TOTAL=TOTAL POPULATION OF SOURCES
* MONITOR-MONITORING TIME (MINUTES) PER SOURCE INSPECTION
* VISUAL=VISUAL MONITORING TIME (MINUTES) PER SOURCE
* REPAIR=REPAIR TIME (MINUTES) PER SOURCE
* PARTS=PARTS COST PER SOURCE
* N=NUMBER OF VISUAL INSPECTIONS PER YEAR (PER SOURCE)
* (DEFAULTS TO ZERO IF VISUAL=0)
* LABOR=LABOR RATE (*/HOUR)
* CREDIT^RECOVERY CREDIT PER MEGAGRAH (M6) FOR EMISSION REDUCTION
+ OCF=QVERHEAD COST FACTOR (2)
* CRF=CAPITAL RECOVERY FACTOR (%)
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*:
*:
*;
*:
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*;
*:
*
T»
*;
*;
*;
*:
•#*:MX******t#tXt:l:t****#:l*M*W1fW.X*:t1f:lf* •
*;
DATA NULL ;
FILE TERM;
PUT / •'+** YOUR INTERACTIVE JOB IS NOU BEING PROCESSED'';
DATA INPUT;
INFILE OLD;
INPUT TYPE~$20. SERVICE^O. PLANT=J20. IFL= SE1= Ft= SE2= F2= SE3-
FE1= SE4= FE2= SE5= FF= FFA= FFB= EI= EIA= EIB= TURN* FE=
OPTION1= OPTION2- OPTIONS* PERIOD* TOTAL= MONITOR'- VISUAL^
REPAIR= PARTS= LABOR= CREDIT^ OCF= CRF-- N= 5
45
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00100 IF OPTION!*."THEN OPTION1=0;
00101 IF DPTION2=. THEN OPTION2=OJ
00102 IF OPTIONS*. THEN OPTION3=0;
00103 IF OPTION3=1 AND PERIOD*. THEN PERIQD=3;
00104 IF VISUAL=0 THEN N=0?
00105 IF TURN=. THEN TURN=24;
00106 IF FE*. THEN FE=OJ
00107 NTRIAL=200;
00108 RETAIN CHECK 0?
0010? ARRAY _PCT (K) IFL SE1 F1 SE2 F2 SE3 FE1 SE4 FE2 SE5 FF FFA FFB FE;
00110 DO OVER PCT; PCT= PCT/IOO; END;
00111 F1=1-F1J F2=1-F2;
00112 PROC SORT DATA=INPUT; BY PLANT TYPE SERVICE;
00113 *;
001 1 4 **********#***************:M*****************#********J«*************:|t* J
00115 * THE FOLLOWING CODE PRINTS OUT THE INPUT DATA FOR EACH SOURCE, *;
00116 * UNIT, AND SERVICE TYPE COMBINATION. *;
00117 **********#***+*#*******:M**#*********++***^
00118 *;
00119 DATA NULL.: SET INPUT ; BY PLANT TYPE SERVICE;
00120 FILE PRINT" HEADER=H NOTITLES;
00121 ARRAY .PCT (K) IFL SE1 F1 SE2 F2 SE3 FE1 SE4 FE2 SE5 FF FFA FFB FEJ
00122 F1»1-F?; F2=1-F2:
00123 DO OVER PCT; PCT= PCT*100; END;
00124 ARRAY A SE1-SE5 FFA FFB EIA El*;
00125 IF OPTION1=0 THEN DO OVER A; A*.; END;
00126 IF FIRST.SERVICE THEN PUT PAGE J
0012? H»-1J
00128 PUT ///
00129 +5 "FOR EXAMINING EMISSION REDUCTIONS DUE TO LDAR" 6;
00130 IF OPTION1=1 THEN PUT '*' 8; PUT ':' /
00131 +5 47*V" // *>0 ''MONITORING INTERVAL (MONTHS)'
00132 066 PERIOD 8; IF OPTION3=1 THEN PUT 871 '**' 8;
00133 PUT / +10 'TURNAROUND FREQUENCY (MONTHS)'
00134 866 TURN / +10 'EMISSION FACTOR (KG/HR/SOURCE)'
00135 866 El 8; IF OPTION1=1 THEN PUT 875 '(' EIA +« ',' +1 EIB -+H ')'
00136 8; PUT / +10 'LEAK OCCURRENCE RATE (Z PER PERIOD)''
00137 866 FF 8; IF OPTION1=1 THEN PUT 875 '(' FFA +M ',' +1 FFB +H '}•
00133 8; PUT / +10 'INITIAL % LEAKING' 866 IFL
00139 8; IF QPTION1=1 THEN PUT 875 '(' SE1 +M ')' 8; PUT
00140 / +10 "EMISSIONS REDUCTION FOR UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR (Z)'
00141 866 F1 8; IF OPTION1=1 THEN PUT 875 '(' SE2 +rt ')' 8; PUT /
00142 +10 'EMISSIONS REDUCTION FOR SUCCESSFUL REPAIR (X)''
00143 866 F2 8J IF OPTIO«1 = 1 THEM PUT 875 " (•' SE3 +« ')' 8; PUT /
00144 +10 'EARLY LEAK RECURRENCE .(Z OF REPAIRS)'
00145 866 FE2 8: IF OPTION1=1 THEN PUT 875 '(' SE5 +il ')' 8; PUT /
00146 +10 'UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR RATE (Z)'
00147 866 FE1 B; IP OPTION1*! THEN PUT 873 "(' SE4 +M ')' 8; PUT /
00148 +10 'UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR RATE (2) AT TURNAROUND"
00149 866 FE ///
46
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00150
00151
00152
00153
00154
00155
00156
00157
00158
00159
00160
00141
00162
00163
00164
00165
00146
00167
00168
00169
00170
00171
00172
00173
00174
00175
00176
00177
00178
00179
00180
00181
00182
00183
00184
00185
00186
00187
00188
00189
00190
00191
00192
00193
00194
00195
001V6
00197
00198
00199
+5 'FOR EXAMINING THE COSTS OF LDAR;' / +5 31*' ' //
+ 10 ''TOTAL NUMBER UF SOURCES' 866 TOTAL /
+ 10 ''MONITORING TIME PER SOURCE INSPECTION (MINUTES)-'
866 MONITOR /
+10 'VISUAL MONITORING TIME PER SOURCE (MINUTES)'
866 VISUAL /
+ 10 ''NUMBER OF VISUAL INSPECTIONS PER YEAR' @66 N /
+ 10 -'REPAIR TIME PER SOURCE (MINUTES)''
866 REPAIR /
+10 "LABOR RATE (I/HOUR)' 866 LABOR /
+10 -'PARTS COST PER SOURCE (*)' 866 PARTS /
+10 ''ADMINISTRATIVE & SUPPORT OVERHEAD COST FACTOR (%)'
966 QCF /
+ 10 "CAPITAL RECOVERY FACTOR U)- (?66 CRF /
+10 -RECOVERY CREDIT FOR EMISSIONS REDUCTION ($/MGK
866 CREDIT //; IF OPTION1=1 OR OPTION3--1 THEN
PUT +4 13*'-'; IF OPTION1=1 THEN PUT /
+5 '* VALUES IN PARENTHESES ARE EITHER THE STANDARD ERROR '
'OF THE ESTIMATE"' / +7
'OR THE APPROXIMATE 95% CONFIDENCE BOUNDS ON THE PARAMETER.''
IF QPTION3=1 THEN PUT / +4 '** UITH MONTHLY FOLLOU-UPS.' I
RETURN;
// 144 'I N P U T DATA' //
'PLANT- +1 PLANT /
SERVICE TYPE +d ')':
H:
PUT
+49
843 ''(FOR
RETURN;
*;
* THE
*
MACRO
ARRAY
ARRAY
ARRAY
ARRAY
ARRAY
ARRAY
ARRAY
ARRAY
ARRAY
ARRAY
ARRAY
FOLLOWING MACRO (DEVELOP) CALCULATES EMISSION RATES AS A *;
FUNCTION OF TIME (IN MONTHS) *;
>^:*;*:t:*:t:*^»:»;*:»;*:J:t:»:*:|:t:t:*;f;*:((t;f:t:t:*.i-*:)c:(£*+:J;;(<*:t:**:*t:t;*:»;*:(!***:»;*:(:*-.*:*.-|:*:t:*.t:;
.DEVELOP
V(L) FE11 FE21 FP1 FL1J ARRAY XO(L) TOFE11 TOFE21 TOFP1 TOFL1J
X2(S) T2FE12 T2FE22 T2FP2 T2FL2 T2FE11 T2FE21 T2FP1 T2FL1;
XHS) T1FE12 T1FE22 T1FP2 T1FL2 T1FE11 T1FE21 T1FP1 T1FL1I
X3(S)
X4(S)
X5(3)
X6(S)
X7(S)
X8(S)
X9(S)
X10(S)
T3FE12
T4FE12
T5FE12
T6FE12
T7FE12
T3FE12
T3FE22
T4FE22
T5FE22
T6FE22
T7FE22
T3FE22
T9FE12 T9FE22
T3FP2 T3FL2 T3FE11 T3FE21 T3FP1 T3FL1:
T4FP2 T4FL2 T4FE11 T4FE21 T4FP1 T4FL1;
T5FP2 T5FL2 T5FE11 T5FE21 T5FP1 T5FLII
T6FP2 T6FL2 T6FE11 T6FE21 T6FP1 T6FL1J
T7FP2 T7FL2 T7FE11 T7FE21 T7FP1 T7FL1;
T8FP2 T8FL2 T8FE11 T8FE21 T8FP1 T8FL1;
T9FP2 T9FL2 T9FE11 T9FE21 T9FP1 T9FL1;
T10FE21 T10FP1
T10FE12 T10FE22 T10FP2 T10FL2 TIOFE11
T10FL1I
ARRAY X1HS) T11FE12 Tl 1FE22 T11FP2 T11FL2 T11FE11 T11FE21 T11FP1
T11FL1;
ARRAY X12(S) T12FE12 T12FE22 T12FP2 T12FL2 T12FE11 T12FE21 T12FP1
T12FL1J
ARRAY X(L) TFE12 TFE22 TFP2 TFL2;
47
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00200
00201
00202
00203
00204
00205
00206
00207
00208
00209
0021 0
00211
0021 2
00213
00214
00215
00216
00217
00218
00219
00220
00221
00222
00223
00224
00225
00226
00227
00228
00229
00230
00231
00232
00233
00234
00235
00236
00237
00238
00239
00240
00241
00242
00243
00244
00245
00246
00247
00248
00249
14,
FE22 FP2
XX(SS) X
YY(L) FE12 FE22 FP2 FL2;
Y(S) FE12 FE22 FP2 FL2 FE11 FE21 FP1 FL1J
FS(T) FS1-FS72; ARRAY FM( T) FW-FH72;
LK(T) LEAK1-LEAK72J ARRAY RD(T) REDUCT1-REDUCT72;
AFE12(T) FE12.1-FE12.72J ARRAY AFE22(T) FE22 1-FE22 72;
AFP2(T) FP2 1-FP2 72; ARRAY AFL2(T) FL2.1-FL2 72;
AFE1KT) FE11 1-FE11 72; ARRAY AFE2KT) FE21 i"-FE21 72;
AFPKT) FP1.1-FP1.72: ARRAY AFLKT) FL1 J-FLl"_72;
OFL (T) OFL1-OFL72;
GAMMA=-LOG<1-FF/100)/(30.4*PERIOD);
FF1 = 100-* (1 -EXP (-30. 4*GA«MA));
EL=EI/(IFL+<1-IFL)*F2); EE«F1*EL; EP=F2*EL;
ARRAY
ARRAY
ARRAY
ARRAY
ARRAY
ARRAY
ARRAY
ARRAY
ARRAY
ARRAY
FL1=IFL
FP1=1-FL1
IFS
IFM*IFL;
END;
_O=IFL;
FP1 0*1-FL1 0;
FE11=0; FE21=0;
FE12»(i-FP1)*FEj
FE22=(1-FP1)*(1-FE)*FE2;
FP2=1-FE12-FE22J FL2=0;
DO OVER YY; X=YY; xo=v;
rEl 1.0=0; FE21_0=OJ FL1
FE12 0=<1-FP1_0)*FE;
FE22 0=(1-FP1 0)*(1-FE)*FE2;
FP2.0«1-FE12._0-FE22_0; FL2.0=0;
4 ««._ __«._.._ ^___^__«_>«^«_«^«.»« •»__.••• . •^'•••••^ •
f """ *»
* BEGINS LOOP ON TIME PARAMETER *;
» *;
DO T=1 TO 72;
9=NOD(T,PERIOD)! YR=HOD(T,TURN);
IF Q NE 0 THEN SS=QJ ELSE IF Q=0 THEN SS-PERIOD5
s=i;L=i;FEii=xx;
S=2;L=2;FE21=XXJ
S=3;L=3JFP1=XX*(1-FF1 )JXFP2=XX;
S=4JL=4;FL1=XX+XFP2*FF1 J
IF Q NE 0 THEN DO;
«_ ___ _.. _ _ ^_^K_.^_^____._KM.~^•_«•._«.««•!; •
""••"•"••~"~"*""'~'"'™™"* ""•*•!' •
*;
*;
IF OPTION3=1 THEN DO;
IF 2 THEN DO? *-
NCK=NOPPP; G=FEI;
END;
IF Q=1 THEN DO;
HOP=TFE22+NCK*(1-B-(1-G)*FE2)*FF1;
NOPP=NUP; FS=HCK*(1-Q);
END;
IF Q>=2 THEN DO;
NOP=(NOPP*(1-FE1)*FE2)+MOPP*U-FEI-<1-FE1)*FE2)*FF1
IF MONTHLY
FOLLOU-UFS
*;
*:
-*;
*;
*;
•*;
t
*:
*;
*;
*:
*;
*;
*;
*:
*;
*;
*;
*;
EQUATIONS FOR *;
MONTHS BETWEEN *;
PERIODS *:
48
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00250 -KNCK-NOPP-NCK*G)*FF1 ; *;
00251 FS=NCK*U-G)-HOPP*FE1; +;
00252 NOPPP*NOPP; »OPP=NOP; *J
00253 END; *;
00254 FE22=NOP*(1-FEm-FE2; FH=NOP; *;
00253 END; *;
00258 ELSE DOJ * IF *J
00259 NOP=0;NCK=0;FE22=FE21;FS=0;FM=0; * NO MONTHLY *;
00260 END; * FOLLQU-UPS *;
OOZol * *i
00263 FE12=FEI1*NOP*FE1;
00264 FP2=FPUNOP* ( 1 -FE1 -( 1 -FE1 ) *FE2 ) ?
00265 FL2=1-FE12-FE22-FP2;
00266 SSsQ+1; DO S=1 TO 8; XX=YJ END;
00267 END;
00270 ELSE IF Q=0 THEN DO;
00273 FE12=(1-FP1)*FE; * EQUATIONS AT *J
00274 FE22=(1-FPU*(1-FE)*FE2; * TURNAROUND *;
00278 FE12-FE11+(FE21+FL1)*FEi; * EQUATIONS NOT *j
00279 FE22=lFE21+FL1)*(1-FE1)*FE2; * AT TURNAROUND *;
00232 FP2=1-FE12-FE22J
00283 FL2=0;
00284 DO OVER v; xo=v; END;
00285 SUMEL=0; SUMEE=0; SUHEP=0;
00286 DO SSs2 TO PERIOD;
00288 SUMEL=SUM(3UMEL,XX); *
00289 END; *
00290 DO 3=1,2,5,6; *
00292 END;
00293 DO S=3,7;
00294 SUHEP=SUM(SUHEP,XX);
00295 END;
00296 END;
00297 SU«EL=SUHEL+TFL2*TOFLi;
00298 SUftEE=SU«EE+TFE12*TOFE1 1 +TFE22+TOFE21 ;
00299 SUMEP-SUMEP+TFP2+TOFP1;
49
*;
*:
*:
*;
*;
*;
:|t;
*'
*;
*:
*;
*;
*;
*»
*;
*k *
*;
*;
•*»
i
*;
*;
•s
•*••
*;
*;
*;
*;
EQUATIONS *
FOR *
PERIOD *
*;
*:
*:
*;
*;
*;
*;
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00300
00301
00302
00303
00304
00305
00306
00307
00308
00309
00310
00311
00312
00313
00314
00315
003 U
003 1 7
0031 8
00319
00320
00321
00322
00323
00324
00325
00326
00327
00328
00329
00330
00331
00332
00333
00334
00335
00336
00337
00338
00339
00340
00341
00342
00343
00344
00345
00346
00347
00348
00349
LK=((SUMEL*EL)+(SUMEE*EE)+);
FFT=rtEAN
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00350 *:
0035! DATA RAUJ SET INPUT SUHFS1-SIMF36; ARRAY .SUHFH (J) SUHFM1-SUMFi16;
00360 SU«FS1=SUM(OF IFS FS1-FS12); SU«F«1 =SUf1("oF IFM FM1-FM12);
00361 3UMFS2=SU«(OF FS13-F324); SUMFil2=SU«C=TOTAL*.SUMFM*PARTS;
00377 LC=TOTAL*_SUMFH*LA80R^REPAIR/60;
00378 ..OC=(_MC+.LC)*OCF/100;
00379 _TC=_HC+jCf_LC*_OC+AC;
00380 END;
00331 PCI=PC1-(TOTAL*IFH*PARTS);
00382 LC1 =LC1 - (TQTAL+IFn+LABOR-KREPAIR/60) J
00383 OC1MMC1HC1)*QCF/100;
00384 TC1=HC1+PC1+LC1*OCnAC;
00385 TfC=SUM
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00400 IF FIRST.SERVICE THEN PUT PAGE J
00401 PUT »11 838 'TOTAL FRACTION OF +6 'TOTAL FRACTION OF' / 826 -'YEAR' 838
00402 'SOURCES SCREENED' +6 SOURCES OPERATED ON' / 823 60*'-' ///;
00403 PUT 825 -'INITIAL'' 843 IFS 7.4 +16 IFM 7.4 ///;
00404 DO J=1 TO 6}
00405 PUT 827 J 2. 843 _SUMFS 7.4 +16 JUHFH 7.4 ///;
00406 END;
00407 RETURN;
00408 H: PUT //// 813 "SUMMARY OF TOTAL FRACTION OF SOURCES SCREENED AND '
00409 'OPERATED ON FOR' +1 TYPE +H '/' / 838 SERVICE 'SERVICE' +1
00410 'BY YEAR - PLANT ' PLANT /// ;
00411 RETURN;
00412 *;
f\f\ A 1 1 -k -M *fc i -M -fc -t i -t * -i- * «i- 4 "it -tr 'it * >if *-fc A -fc A 'It £ 'It 4t 'It A-I; ft *l:*i: A 4 'fc'fc & •!• A i 'fc't it *to i -t i *t i -fc i •!: -fc •!' ii *t 4 -b 4t 'it -M *k "it -b i -fc *t il- •
WT I w -I6*-Is* T*ft't<4»«p*»r * •f'*«f' + 'l** •l***f»**p* •f*^*lc*'1»**^*-Pglt* •P'lS'p V-PT **p*p**fE*»p*"l- + 'P!r't'**p -P*!** •p*>W-p* •I*'F •p*l'J|C i
00414 * THE FOLLOUIN6 CODE PRINTS OUT THE TOTAL FRACTION OF SOURCES *;
00415 * SCREENED AND OPERATED ON PER TURNAROUND *;
004 1 6 4:p':p'4t;fct .1t;P':^ SUHFS1-SUMFS24; ARRAY _FS (T) FS1-FS72;
00424 ARRAY SUNFM (K) SUHFM1-SUMFM24; ARRAY _FM (T) FM1-FM72;
00425 suni=o; su«2=o;
00426 1=0; K=OJ
00427 DO T=1 TO 72;
00428 SUM1=SUH(SUM1,_FS); SU«2=SUM(SUM2, FM)J
0042? 1=1+1;
00430 IF I»TURN THEN DO; K=K+IJ _SUMFS=SU«1; _SUMFH=SUi12;
00431 1=0; SUMI=O; suM2=o;
00432 END;
00433 END;
00434 SUMFS1=SU«FS1+IFS; SUMF«1=SUMFH1+IFM;
00435 N=K;
00436 IF FIRST.SERVICE THEN PUT PA6E ;
00437 PUT »14 823 "TURNAROUND' 838 'TOTAL FRACTION OF' +6
00438 "TOTAL FRACTION OF' / 825 'PERIOD' 833 'SOURCES SCREENED'
00439 +6 SOURCES OPERATED ON' / 820 63*'-' /// ;
00440 DO K=1 TO N;
00441 PUT 827 K 2. 843 _SU«FS 7.4 +16 SUMFrt 7.4 /;
00442 END;
00443 RETURN;
00444 H: PUT //// 813 'SUMMARY OF TOTAL FRACTION OF SOURCES SCREENED AND
00445 'OPERATED ON FOR ' TYPE +H '/' / 838 SERVICE 'SERVICE
00446 'BY TURNAROUND - PLANT ' PLANT /// ;
00447 RETURN;
00448 +;
52
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00450 * THE FOLLOUING CODE SIMULATES SCREENING AND EMISSIONS DATA USING *;
00451 * SArtPLE VALUES UNPUT) IN ORDER TO ESTIMATE CONFIDENCE INTERVALS *;
00452 * ON EMISSIONS AND EMISSIONS REDUCTION. *;
00454 *;
00455 DATA SENERATE; SET INPUT;
00456 ARRAY _SD(Z) SD1 SD2;
00457 SD1=5896351; 302=3254357;
00458 ARRAY U(Z) FF El;
00459 ARRAY A(Z) FFA EIA; ARRAY B(Z) FFB EIB;
00460 ARRAY HKZ) FFH1 EIH1J ARRAY H2 FFH2 EIH2; ARRAY H3(Z) FFH3 EIH3;
00461 ARRAY CHZ) FFC1 EIC1J ARRAY C2(Z) FFC2 EIC2: ARRAY C3<2) FFC3 EIC3;
00462 ARRAY D2CZ) FFD2 EID2J ARRAY 03(Z) FFD3 EID3;
00463 ARRAY YO(Z) FFYO EIYO; ARRAY RVAR(Z) RV FF RV El;
00464 ARRAY PT(Z) FFPT EIPT; ARRAY CO(Z) FFCo'EICOj"
00465 ARRAY SEED(I) SEED1-SEED5;
00466 SEED1M515513; SEED2=8635411; SEED3=2500367; 3EED4--2584463;
00467 SEED5=2535667;
00468 ARRAY MUU) IFL F1 F2 FE1 FE2J
00469 ARRAY RV(I) RV.IFL RV..F1 RV..F2 RV.FE1 RV_FE2;
00470 ARRAY SE(I) SE1-SE5;
00471 IF OPTION!=1 THEN DO;
00472 DO OVER A; H1=.025/AJ C1=U-<(A**2)*H1)/2-((UB+3*A)**2)-(B**2»*H1/6);
00473 C2=«U**2)-(A**2))/2; D2=U-A;
00474 C3*((B**2)-(U**2))/2; D3=B-U;
00475 H3=((C1*D2)-(.95*C2))/<(C3*D2)-^>t> ^ 4t-J«:l«^-tf3fr -l*4»-l'4t'V*'4»:t-:fc*f':k'H"'k;l»4t:K'4t "-It J
00495 * THE FOLLOUING CODE COMPUTES AND PRINTS THE ESTIMATED EMISSION *;
00496 * FACTORS AND PERCENT REDUCTION IN EMISSIONS (INCLUDING 90% +;
00497 * CONFIDENCE LIMITS) PER TURNAROUND. *;
00498 ********•w*+*#.****t#**t*.**********************x**#*
00499 +;
53
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00500 DATA GENERATE; SET GENERATE;
00501 IF (RV IPL <0 OR RV IFL ><2*IFL )) OR (RV F1 <0 OR RV F1 ><2*F! )) OR
00502 (RV F2 <0 OR RV F2 >(2*F2 )) OR (RV FEKO OR RV FE1H2*FE1)> OR
00503 E2 ><2*FE2 )) THEN DELETE;
00504 ARRAY HUU) IFL F1 F2 FE1 FE2;
00505 ARRAY RV(I) RV IFL RV Fl RV F2 RV.FE1 RV.FE2;
00506 ARRAY U(2) FF~ El; ~ARRAY~RVAR(Z) RV FF RV EIJ
00507 DO OVER HUJ HU=RV, END; DO OVER U; U=RVARJ END;
00508 .DEVELOP;
00509 PRGC UNIVARIATE NOPRINT; BY PLANT TYPE SERVICE;
00510 VAR L1-L72 R1-R72 OR1-OR72;
00511 OUTPUT OUT=STATS P5=LOUL1-LOUL72 LOUR1-LOUR72 LOUOR1-LOUOR72
00512 P95=HIGHL1-HIGHL72 HIGHR1-HIGHR72 HIGHOR1-HIGHQR72;
00513 DATA EFHEANSJMERGE STATS INPUT(KEEP=TYPE PLANT SERVICE TURN
00514 OPTION1 PERIOD OPTION2 FF IFL)
00515 RAU (KEEP=TYPE PLANT SERVICE L1-L72 R1-R72 OR1-OR72);
00516 BY PLANT TYPE SERVICE;
00517 ARRAY _EF(K) EF1-EF24;
00518 ARRAY ~EFL(K) EFL1-EFL24J ARRAY EFU(K) EFU1-EFU24;
00519 ARRAY R(K) RD1-R024J
00520 ARRAY _RL(K) RL1-RL24J ARRAY _RU(K) RU1-RU24J
00521 ARRAY OR(K) RED1-RED24;
00522 ARRAY .ORL(K) REDL1-REDL24; ARRAY _ORU(K) REHH1-REDK24;
00523 ARRAY ML LJ-L72;
00524 ARRAY MLL(T) LOUL1-LOUL72J ARRAY HLU(T) HIGHL1-HIGHL72J
00525 ARRAY NR(T) R1-R72;
00526 ARRAY MRL
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00550 KEEP TYPE PLANT SERVICE K EF1-EF24 EFL1-EFL24 EFU1-EFU24
00551 RD1-RD24 RL1-RL24 RU1-RU24 RED1-RED24 REDL1-REDL24 REDH1-REDH24
00552 OPTIQNi;
00553 DATA _NULL_;SET EFNEANS'.BY PLANT TYPE SERVICE;
00554 FILE PRINT N=PS LL-LL HEADER'-H NOTITLES;
00555 M=-U
00556 ARRAT EF U) EF1-EF24; ARRAY EFLU) EFL1-EFL24;
00557 ARRAY EFU (J) EFU1-EFU24;
00558 ARRAY ,_R (J) RD1-RD24; ARRAY _RL (J) RL1-RL24; ARRAY _RU (J) RU1-RU24;
00559 ARRAY _R2(J> RED1-RED24J ARRAY _R2L (J) REDL1-REDL24;
00540 ARRAY _R2U (J> REDH1-REBH24;
00561 DO OVER R; R=100*_R; R2=100* R2;
00562 IF OPTION1=1 THEH DO; RL-100*~RL; RU*100*_RU;
00543 R2L=100* R2LJ R2U=100* R2U;~ END;"
00564 END;
00565 NEF=K;
00566 IF OPTIQN1=1 THEN DO; C1=62J C2=18; END;
00567 ELSE IF QPTION1=0 THEN DO; C1=67; C2=22; END?
00568 IF FIRST.SERVICE THEN LINK PA6E;
00569 DO J=1 TO NEFJ
00570 IF LL<5 THEN LINK PAGE;
00571 IF OPTIQN1=1 THEN PUT 68 J 2. 822 EF 6.4 +2 '(' EFL 5.3 V £pU 5.3
00572 ')' 854 _R 5.1 +2 ' (' _RL 3. V _R'J 2. ')' 877 ,.R2 5.1 +2 '('
00573 R2L 3. ',' R2U 2. ')' / J
00574 ELSE IF OPTIONt»0 THEH PUT 88 J 2. 828 EF 6.4 859 R 5.1 880 R2 5.1 /;
00575 END;
00576 RETURN;
00577 PAGE: PUT .PAGE.;
00578 PUT 8C1 "PERCENT REDUCTION"' 8; IF OPTION1 = 1 THEN PUT +1 ' (90Z CD'
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00600 ARRAY FS2 (J) FS13-F324; ARRAY FM2 U) FM13-FM24J
00601 ARRAY _FS3 (J) FS25-FS36I ARRAY FH3 (J) FM25-FM36;
00602 ARRAY FS4 LOUR1-LOUR72J ARRAY HI6HR (J) HI6HR1-HIGHR72J
00647 ARRAY rtR2 (J) OR1-OR72; ARRAY ..LOUR2 (J) LOUOR1-LOUOR72;
00648 ARRAY "HISHR2 (J) HIGHOR1-HIGHOR72;
00649 DO OVER _«R; _MR=100* HR; HR2=100*.MR2?
56
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00650 IF QPTIQN1=1 THEN DO: LOUR=100» LOUR; _HIGHR=100* HIGHR;
00651 LOUR2=100* LOUR2; HIGHR2=1QO* HI6HR2; END;
00652 END;
00653 IF OPTION1=1 THEN DO; C1-62J C2=18J END;
00654 ELSE IF OPTION1»0 THEN DO; C1=67; C2=22J END;
0065S IF FIRST.SERVICE THEN LINK PAGE;
00656 L=72/PERIODJ
00657 DO J=1 TO LJ
00658 IF LL<5 THEN LINK PAGE;
00659 IF OPTION1=1 THEN PUT B8 J 2. 822 _ftL 6.4 +2 '(' .LOUL 5.3
00660 HIGHL 5.3 ')' 854 _HR 5.1 +2 '(' LOUR 3. '.' HIGHR 2. ')' 877
00661 _HR2 5.1 +2 '(' LOUR2 3. ',' HIGHR2 2. ')'' \
00662 ELSE IF OPTIQN1=0 THEN PUT 83 J 2. 823 _NL 6.4 859 _HR 5.1 880 _HR2 5.1;
00663 END;
OQ664 RETURN;
00665 PAGE: PUT PAGE J
00666 PUT 8C1 -'PERCENT REDUCTION' 3; IF OPTION1=1 THEN PUT +1 '(90% CD' 0?
00667 PUT / 854 43*''--' / 875 'COMPARED TO EMISSION'' / 66 •'PERIOD" 656
00668 ''COHPARED TO' 873 -'FOR WHICH NO MAINTENANCE'" / Q4 '(' PERIOD
00669 'MONTHS)' 8C2 'MEAN EMISSION-K6/HR' 8?
00670 IF OPTIQN1=1 THEN PUT *1 ''(902 CD' 8 J
00671 PUT 854 'INITIAL EHISSION' 874 'UAS DONE DURING PERIOD' / 84 93*'-' / J
00672 RETURN;
00673 H: PUT /// 824 'ESTIMATED EMISSION FACTORS (KG/HR) AND PERCENT '
00674 'REDUCTION' / 817 'IN HASS EHISSIONS FOR ' TYPE +N '/' SERVICE
00675 'SERVICE BY PERIOD - PLANT ' PLANT /// ;
00676 RETURN;
00677 *•,
00678 *:*****+**********» + * + ***^***^*^*:K>**^*^:>:**+^*:K*^*>*^*:|<*-t'*^*^*:H*:f:*-f*^*^;
00679 * THE FOLLOWING CODE PRINTS OUT THE FRACTIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF *;
00680 « SOURCES FOR THE BEGINNING {IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING PERIODIC *!
00681 * MAINTENANCE) AND FOR THE END (JUST BEFORE PERIODIC MAINTENANCE *;
00682 * IS PERFORMED) OF EACH PERIOD. *;
00683 **:^*««*«*:M********:M^«***HC***«*:M«:M
00684 *;
00685 DATA _NULL_; SET RAU; BY PLANT TYPE SERVICE:
00686 FILE PRINT LL=LL HEADER=H NOTITLES;
00687 IF OPTION2=0 THEN RETURN;
00688 H=-1J
00689 ARRAY FL2
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00700 873 FE21 6.4 887 FP2 5.3 898 _FP1 5.3 J
00701 END;
00702 IF FIRST.SERVICE THEN PUT /// 87 '* LEAKERS REFERS TO THOSE '
00703 'SOURCES SCREENING GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO THE ACTION LEVEL.' /87
00704 -'(1) JUST BEFORE PERIODIC MAINTENANCE IS PERFORMED.' 787
00705 '(2) IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING PERIODIC MAINTENANCE.' ;
00706 RETURN;
00707 H: PUT // 823 'FRACTIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF SOURCES FOR' +1 TYPE
00708 +M '/•' SERVICE 'SERVICE' / 838 'BY PERIOD - PLANT ' PLANT ////
00709 840 'FRACTION OF' 860 'FRACTION OF '
00710 'SOURCES' 886 'FRACTION OF SOURCES' / 816 'FRACTION OF'
00711 836 'UNREPAIRED SOURCES' 857 ''EXPERIENCING EARLY FAILURE
00712 886 OPERATING PROPERLY' I 816 'LEAKERS* DUE' 835 20*'-" 857 26*'-'
00713 883 20*'-' / 83 -'PERIOD'' 815 'TO OCCURRENCE' 835 ''BEGINNINGS)'
00714 849 'END' 859 'BEGINNING' @74 'END' 885 'BEGINNING' 899 "END' /
00715 81 '<••• PERIOD 'MONTHS)' 814 'AT END OF PERIODd)' 835 'OF PERIOD' +2
00716 'OF PERIOD' 859 'OF PERIOD OF PERIOD" 885 ''OF PERIOD OF PERIOD'
00717 / 81 105*'-' ;
00718 RETURN;
00719 *;
00721 * THE FOLLOWING COBE PRINTS OUT A PLANT SUMMARY *;
00722 * OF INITIAL LEAK REPAIR COSTS *;
00723 ***^:***:W*^* + *:**:****+*:**+*+*:**^***:K*:****+***:(!**^**:»::|<*+**^^*^*-.t;*:*:*-.t;**++;
00724 *;
00725 DATA _NULL_; SET FSFMJ BY PLANT TYPE SERVICE;
00726 FILE PRINT HEADER=H NOTITLESJ
00727 H=-1J
00728 ARRAY ALL (ST) IFM LEAKS IPC ILC IOC TIRC AC;
00729 ARRAY _RND (ST) RND1-RND7J
00730 DO OVER RND;
00731 IF .<"ALL0 THEN DO;
00734 _RND=10**(FLOUR(LOG10<_ALL»-2);
00735 ~ALL=NEG*ROUND(_ALL, RND);
00736 END;
00737 END;
00738 IF FIRST.PLANT THEN DO; PUT PAGE ; S*'«'; END;
00739 IF FIRST.TYPE THEN PUT //• TYPE;
00740 PUT / +2 SERVICE 8;
00741 IF TOTAL*. THEN PUT 825
00742 '***** COST DATA IS NOT AVAILABLE TO THIS PROGRAM *****';
00743 ELSE PUT 819 IFH 5.3 +2 TOTAL COMHA7. +2 LEAKS COMMA6. +4 S +M
00744 IPC COMMA?. +3 S +M ILC COMHA9. +3 S +M IOC COMMA9.
00745 +3 S +M TIRC COMMA9. +4 S +M AC COMMA7. ;
00746 RETURN;
00747 H: PUT /// +44 'PLANT' +1 PLANT "SUMMARY:' //
00748 +40 ''INITIAL LEAK REPAIR COSTS' //// +35 'NUMBER' +15
00749 'INITIAL LEAK REPAIR COSTS' / +16 'INITIAL' +2 'NUMBER'
58
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00750
00751
00752
00753
00754
00755
00756
00757
00758
0075?
00760
00761
00762
00763
00764
00765
00766
00767
00768
00769
00770
00771
00772
00773
00774
00775
00776
00777
00778
00779
00780
00781
00782
00783
00784
00785
00786
00787
00788
00789
00790
00791
00792
00793
00794
00795
00796
00797
00793
00799
+6 -'OF' +5 49*'-' / +13 'LEAK' +5 'OF' +6 'INITIAL +30
'ADMIN 8' +16 'ANNUALIZED' / +2 'SOURCE TYPE' +5 "FREQ'
+3 "SOURCES' M "LEAKS"' +7 'FARTS" +8 'LABOR" +6 "'SUPPORT
+7 'TOTAL' +6 "'CHARGES' / 105*'-x 9 ;
RETURN;
* THE FOLLOUIN6 CODE PRINTS OUT THE MONITORING AND REPAIR COST
* BREAKDOUN FOR SOURCES BY YEAR.
*;
*J
PROC FORMAT DDNAME=SASLIB;
VALUE P 1»" (MONTHLY' 3=' (QUARTERLY"' 6="' (BI-YEARLY "
9="' (9-rtONTH' 12=' (YEARLY";
DATA MULL ; SET FSF«; BY PLANT TYPE SERVICE;
FILE PRINT HEADER=H NOTITLES;
IF OFHON2=0 THEN RETURN;
M*-1J
ARRAY _ALL (I) rtC1-MC6 PC1-PC6 LC1-LC6 OC1-OC6 AC TC1-TC6 TMC
" TPC TLC TOC TAC TTC AVB1-AVG5J
ARRAY RND (Z) RND1-RND42?
DO OVER _RNDJ
IF .< ALL<0 THEN DO? _ALL*ABS< ALL); NEG=-l; END;
ELSE NEG=1;
IF _ALL>0 THEN DO;
_RND=1 0** (FLOOR (L061 0 ( .ALL) )-2) ;
~ALL=NEG*ROUND( ALL, RND);
END;
END;
ARRAY _HC (J) MC1-MC6;
ARRAY _PC (J) PC1-PC6;
ARRAY TC (J) TC1-TC6;
IF FIRST. SERVICE THEN PUT PAGE ;
IF TOTAL=. THEN PUT ////// ?25
'***** COST DATA IS NOT AVAILABLE TO THIS PROGRAM *****'
ELSE DO;
DO J*1 TO 6;
IF J = 1 THEN S=-'$"'; ELSE S=' "';
ARRAY _LC (J) LC1-LC6;
ARRAY OC (J) OC1-OC6;
PUT / *9 J 1. +8 S +rt
.PC COMNA9
x "TC COMHA9
END;"
PUT +18 10*'-'
10*"'-' //
+5 S
/
COMHA9. +5 S +
OC COMhA9. +5 S
._LC COMNA9. +4 S +M
+M AC CUMNA7. +6 S -Hi
END;
+5 10*'-' +4 10*'-' +5 10*'-' +5 3*'-' +6
+7 "TOTAL" +6 '$' TMC COMMA9. +5 '$' TLC COMMA?.
+4 '$' TPC COMHA9. +5 "*' TOC COMMA9. +5 '$' TAC
COMHA7. +6 '$' TTC COMMA9. ///
+4 "ANNUAL AVG ' +4 '$' AVG1 COrtMA9, +5 "f AVG3 COHMA9.
+4 '$' AVG2 COMMA9. +5 '$"' AVG4 COrtt1A9. +5 '$' AC COMMA?.
1-6 "'$ AVG5 COMHA9. J
59
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00800 RETURN:
00801 H: PUT /// +30 'HONITQRING AND LEAK REPAIR COSTS - PLANT '
00802 PLANT / +32 PERIOD P10. ' LDAR FOR ' SERVICE TYPE +H ')'
00803 //// +76 'ANNUALIZED' / +18 ''MONITORING'' +7 '-ONGOING '
00804 'REPAIR COSTS' +8 ADMIN AND' +4 'CHARGE FOR' / +21 'LABOR'
00805 +7 24*''-' +7 'SUPPORT' +7 'INITIAL' +9 'GROSS' /
00806 +7 'YEAR' +10 'COSTS' +10 'LABOR' +9 'PARTS' +10 'COSTS'
00807 +6 'LEAK REPAIR' +7 'COST' / +4 97*'-' J
00808 RETURN;
00809 *;
0031 0 ^*^***:k***^*:**^***^*:******:**^*^^****^^*:*:*****^*:**-**^*-f:
00811 * THE FOLLOUIN6 CODE PRINTS OUT THE AVERAGE ANNUAL HONITORING *;
00812 •* AND LEAK REPAIR COSTS FOR EACH PLANT *;
0081 3 **^*:»:*^***^*:('*:** + *:(i*:t;*^* + *^***:»'-*^^**:t:*:t::t:*:|:*:(t*:('*^*:(t*:tc*:t:*:(: + ^*^*:k*:(!*:»:*:(t*:t:;
00814 *J
00815 DATA .NULL J SET FSFM; BY PLANT TYPE SERVICE;
00816 FILE PRINT~HEADER=H NOTITLES;
00817 M=-1;
00818 ARRAY AVG (P) AV61-AVG5 AC;
00819 ARRAY "TOTAL (P) TOTAL1-TOTALS TOTALAC;
00820 RETAIN'TOTALI-TOTALS TOTALAC;
00821 DO OVER .TOTAL; IF FIRST.PLANT THEN TOTAL=0; .TOTAL+JWG; END;
00822 ARRAY _ALL (Z) AVG1-AVG5 AC TOTAL1-TOTAL5 TOTALAC;
00823 ARRAY ~NEU (Z) NAVG1-NAVG5 NAC NTOTAL1-NTOTAL5 NTOTAL;
00824 ARRAY RND (Z) RND1-RND12;
00825 DO OVER JNDI
00826 IF .< ALL<0 THEN DO? ALL=ABS( ALL); NEG=-1J END;
00827 ELSE NEG=1;
00828 IF _ALL>0 THEN DO;
00829 _RND=10**(FLOOR(L0610( ALL))-2)J
00830 NEU=NEG*ROUND(_ALL, RND); ALL=NEG* ALL;
00831 END; ELSE NEU= ALL;
00832 END;
00833 IF FIRST.PLANT THEN DO; PUT PAGE.; S*'$'; END;
00834 IF FIRST.TYPE THEN PUT // +2~TYPE?
00835 PUT / +4 SERVICE 8?
00836 IF TOTAL=. THEN PUT 825
00837 •'***** COST DATA IS NOT AVAILABLE TO THIS PROGRAH *****' ;
00838 ELSE PUT 621 S +M NAV61 COMNA9. +5 S +« NAVQ3 COMMA?. +4
00339 S +« NAVG2 COMhA?. +5 S +H NAV64 COMHA9. +5 S +rt NAC COMMA7.
00840 +6 S +H NAVG5 COHMA9. J
00841 IF LAST.PLANT THEM PUT / +20 10*'-' +5 10*'-' +4 10*'-' +5 10*'-' +5
00842 8*'-' +6 10*'-' // +2 'PLANT TOTAL' 821 '$' NTOTAL1 COMMA?.
00343 +5 •'*' NTOTAL3 COMMA?. +4 '$' NTOTAL2 COMMA?. +5 'I'
00844 NTOTAL4 COMMA?. +5 '*' NTOTAL COMNA7. +6 '*' NTOTAL5 COMMA?.;
00845 RETURN;
00846 H: PUT /// +44 'PLANT ' PLANT 'SUMMARY:' //
00847 +29 'AVERAGE ANNUAL MONITORING AND LEAK REPAIR COSTS' /
00848 +44 PERIOD P10. +1 'LDAR)' //// +78 'ANNUALIZED' / +20
00849 'MONITORING' +7 ONGOING REPAIR COSTS' +8 'ADMIN AND' +4
60
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00850 'CHARGE FOK' / +23 LABOR +7 24*'-' +7 SUPPORT' +7 INITIAL
00851 +9 ''GROSS" / +'3 'SOURCE TYPE" +9 'COSTS'' HO 'LABOR' +9 -PARTS''
00852 +10 'COSTS' +6 ''LEAK REPAIR' +7 'COST' / +2 101*'-'' 8 J
008S3 RETURN;
00854 *J
0085 5 *^t**^:f:*-t'***:**^*:k*****:*;***^*^*^*+:*:**:t;*^k**^:k****:^*^*^*^*^*^***^*^*^**;
00856 * THE FOLLOWING CODE PRINTS OUT THE COST EFFECTIVENESS *;
008S7 * ANALYSIS RESULTS FOR SOURCES BY YEAR. *;
008S8 ****** ******+*+***********************:M*****Me*#**:|s****+*+*+**********;
00859 +;
00860 DATA COST; NERGE INPUT FSFM; BY PLANT TYPE SERVICE;
00861 FILE PRINT HEADER=H NOTITLES;
00862 M=-l;
00363 EL=EI/(IFL+(1-IFL)*F2); EP'-F2*ELJ
00864 ARRAY _EF (J) EF1-EF6J ARRAY _ER (J) ER1-ER6; ARRAY _RC (J) RC1-RC6;
00865 ARRAY NC (J) NC1-NC6J
00866 ARRAY _6CE (J) GCE1-GCE6J ARRAY _TC (J) TC1-TC6J
00867 ARRAY _MCE (J) NCE1-NCE6J ARRAY _L (J) L1-L6;
00868 IF PERIOD=1 THEN 00!
00869 EF1=MEAN(OF L1-L12); EF2=«EAH(OF L13-L24); EF3=«EAN(OF L25-L36);
00870 EF4=«EAN(OF L37-L48)J EF5=HEAN(OF L49-L60); EF6=«EAN(OF L61-L72);
00871 END;
00872 ELSE IF PERIOD=3 THEN DO?
00873 EF1=«EAN(OF L1-L4); £F2=HEAN(OF L5-L8); EF3=HEAN(OF L9-L12);
00874 EF4=«EAN(OF L13-L16); EF5=MEAH(OF L17-L20); EFA=HEAN
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00900 oo OVER suh; SIM=O; END;
00901 00 J=NN1 TO NN2;
00702 S1»SUM; 33<=SUfl(S3, _NC);
00903 END;
00904 DO OVER _AV6J _AVG=_SUH/(NN2-NNH1) J END?
00905 A4=SUH5/3i; A5=S3/si;
00906 ARRAY ALL (Z) ER1-ER6 RC1-RC6 NC1-NC6 GCE1-GCE6 NCE1--NCE6
00907 "" TER TRC TNC TQCE TNCE;
00908 ARRAY RND (Z) RND1-RND35J
00909 DO OVER RND;
00910 IF .< ALL<0 THEN DO: _ALL=ABS<.ALL); NEG=-1; END;
00911 ELSE NEG=1J
00912 IF ALL>0 THEN DO?
00913 _RND=10**(FLOOR(LOS10(_ALL))-2);
00914 ~ALL=NEG*ROUND< ALL, RND>;
00915 END;
009U END;
00917 ARRAY _ALL2 (ZZ) A1-A5; ARRAY _RD (ZZ) RD1-RD5;
00918 ARRAY ~TP (ZZ) TP1-TP5;
00919 DO OVER _RD:
00920 IF .<~ALL2<0 THEN DO; _ALL2=ABS(_ALL2); NEG=-1J END;
00921 ELSE NEG=1J
00922 IF _ALL2>0 THEN DO;
00923 RD»10**(FLOOR(LOG10( ALL2))-2);
00924 7P=NE6*ROUNO( ALL2, RD); ALL2=NEG* ALL2J
00925 END; ELSE rp*_ALi2;
00926 END;
00927 IF OPTION2=0 THEN RETURN;
00928 IF FIRST.SERVICE THEN DO; PUT PAGE J
00929 IF TOTAL=. THEN DO; PUT ////// 825
00930 "***** COST DATA IS NOT AVAILABLE TO THIS PROGRAM *****- ;
00931 RETURN; END; END;
00932 DO J»1 TO 6;
00933 IF J«1 THEN S«'lx; ELSE S=x ",
00934 PUT / 813 J 1. 823 .ER BEST7. 838 S +H RC COHHA9. 854 S +H .NC
00933 COHMA9. 871 S +N GCE CONHA6. 887 S +« NCE COMMA6. / ;
00936 END;
00937 PUT 823 7*'-' 838 10+'-' 854 10*'-' 871 7*'-' 887 7*"-' //
00938 811 -'TOTAL' 823 TER BEST7. 838 '*' TRC COMHA9. 854 '$'
00939 TNC COMMA9. 871 '$'' TGCE COHMA6. 887 '%' TNCE COMMA6. ///
00940 +7 'ANNUAL AV6" 823 TP1 BEST7. B38 '$' TP2 COMHA9. 854 '%'
00941 TP3 COMMA9. 871 'I' TP4 COMHA6. 887 •$ TP5 COMMA6. J
00942 RETURN;
00943 H: PUT /// +33 'COST EFFECTIVENESS - PLANT PLANT / +32
00944 PERIOD P10. +1 'LDAR FOR ' SERVICE TYPE +rt ')' ////
00945 823 ''EMISSION' 870 'GROSS COST 887 "NET COST" / 823 'REDUCTION'
00946 839 'RECOVERY' 858 'NET' 869 'EFFECTIVENESS' 885 "EFFECTIVENESS' /
00947 811 'YEAR' 824 '(MG/YR)' 840 'CREDIT 857 'COSTS' 871 "(PER HG)'
00948 887 '(PER NO)'' / 88 90*'-' J
0094? RETURN;
62
-------
Table B-l. (Continued)
00950
00951
00952
00953
00954
00955
00956
00957
00958
00959
00960
00961
00962
00963
00964
00965
00966
00967
00968
00969
00970
00971
00972
00973
00974
00975
00976
00977
00978
0097?
00980
00981
00982
00983
00984
00985
00986
00987
00988
00989
00990
00991
00992
*?
* THE FOLLOUIN6 CODE PRINTS OUT THE AVERAGE ANNUAL COST
* EFFECTIVENESS FOR EACH PLANT
*;
TQIAL+JWG; END;
*;
DATA NULL_J SET COST; BY PLAHT TYPE SERVICE:
FILE PRINT HEADER=H NO TITLES;
H*-l;
ARRAY _AVG (P) A1-A5; ARRAY .NEW (P) NT1-NT5J
ARRAY TOTAL (P) TQT1-TOT5? ARRAY RND (P) RND1-RND5;
RETAIN TQT1-TOT5;
DO OVER ..TOTAL? IF FIRST. PLANT THEN _TOTAL=0;
IF FIRST.~PLANT THEN 6C=0;
GC+AVG5; TOT5=TOT3/TOT1; TQT4=GC/TOT1 J
DC OVER RND;
IF .< TQTAL<0 THEN DO! _TOTAL=ABS( TOTAL); NEG=-1 ', END?
ELSE NEG=i;
IF TOTAL>0 THEN DO;
RND= 1 0+* (FLOOR ( LOS 1 0 < .TOTAL ) >-2 > J
NEU*NEG*ROUND< TOTAL, RMD); TOTAL=NEG*_TOTAL;
END; ELSE JEU=. TOTAL;
END;
IF FIRST. PLANT THEN DO; PUT _PA6E ; S=-'$'; END;
IF FIRST. TYPE THEN PUT // +5 TYPE;
PUT / +7 SERVICE 8J
IF TOTAL*. THEN PUT 825
•'***** COST DATA IS NOT AVAILABLE TO THIS PROBRAK *****';
ELSE PUT 825 TP1 BEST7. 840 S +M TP2 COililA?. 856 S +M TP3
COHHA9. 873 S +« TP4 COMHA6. 689 S +M TP5 COMHA6. ;
IF LAST. PLANT THEN PUT / 825 7*'-' 840 10*'-' 856 10*'-' 873
7*-'-' 889 7*'-'' // +5 'PLANT TOTAL' 825
NT1 BEST7. 840 '%' NT2 COHMA9. 856 '!' NT3
COMHA9. 873 '$•' NT4 COMMA6. 589 "*' NTS COHMAA. ;
RETURN;
H: PUT /// +44 'PLANT' +1 PLANT 'SUMHARY:' //
+36 'AVERAGE ANNUAL COST EFFECTIVENESS' / M4 PERIOD P10. +1
'LDAR)' '/lit 025 -'EMISSION' 872 ''GROSS COST' 889 ''NET COST' /
825 ''REDUCTION' 841 'RECOVERY" 860 'NET' 871 'EFFECTIVENESS
887 'EFFECTIVENESS' / 87 'SOURCE TYPE' 826 '(MG/YR)'
842 "CREDIT' 859 'COSTS' 873 '(PER MS)' 889 "(PER NG)' /
86 94*''-' 8 J
RETURN;
63
-------
Table B-2. PDS Member: SETUP
ooooi DATA CORRECT;
00002 INFILE SYSTERM MISSOVER;
00003 FILE TERM;
00004 LENGTH X1-X20 *50 X21-X2? $60 X30-X32 PLANT TYPE SERVICE ID $20
00005 ANS (1;
00006 DATARMT=SrSPARM(); STATUS=SCAN(DATARMT,3,'/')J
00007 IF N =1 S STATUS NE 'NEW THEN DO;
00008 PUT / -'DOES YOUR INPUT DATA FILE PRESENTLY CONTAIN CASES " I
00009 -'UHICH YOU UISH TO SAVE?' ;
00010 INPUT ANS $ ;
00011 IF ANS='N' THEN DO; END=1; EOFLA6=1; GO TO LABEL; END;
00012 END;
00013 IF N =1 J STATUS="NEU" THEN DO; END-1; EGFLAG=1; GO TO LABEL; END;
00014 RETAIN EOFLAG; IF EOFLA6 THEN GO TO EOF;
00015 INFILE OLD END=EOF;
00016 INPUT TYPE=$20. 3ERVICE=$20, PLANT=$20. IFL= SE1 = F1= SE2*
00017 F2= SE3= FE1 = SE4= FE2- SE5= FF= FFA= FFB=
00018 EI= EIA= EIB= TURN* FE= OPTION1= OPTION2= OPTION3-
0001? PERIOD* TOTAL= MONITOR* VISUAL* REPAIR* PARTS= LABOR=
00020 CREDIT= OCK= CRF= N= \
00021 EOFLAG=EOF;
00022 INFILE SYSTERH HISSOVERJ
00023 FILE TERM;
00024 RETAIN X1 'MONITORING INTERVAL (MONTHS)''
00025 X2 'TURNAROUND FREQUENCY (MONTHS)'
00026 X3 'EMISSION FACTOR
-------
Table B-2 (Continued)
0004? X24 'LOUER 952 CONFIDENCE LIMIT QM LEAK OCCURRENCE RATE'
00050 X27 'UPPER 95Z CONFIDENCE LIMIT ON LEAK OCCURRENCE RATE'
00031 X28 'LOUER 952 CONFIDENCE LIHIT OH INITIAL EMISSION FACTOR'
00052 X29 -'UPPER 95Z CONFIDENCE LIMIT ON INITIAL EMISSION FACTOR'
00033 X30 'MODEL PLANT ID"
00054 X31 'SOURCE TYPE'
00055 X32 'SERVICE TYPE' ;
00056 ARRAY .X (I) X1-X2QJ ARRAY XSE (K) X21-X29;
00057 ARRAY XX (8) X30-X32J
00038 ARRAY J/AR (I) PERIOD TURK El FF IFL F1 F2 FE2 FE1 FE TOTAL MONITOR
0005? VISUAL N REPAIR LABOR PARTS OCF CRF CREDIT;
00060 ARRAY _S£ (K) SE1-SE3 FFA FFB EIA EIBJ
00061 ARRAY _ID PLANT TYPE SERVICE;
00062 IF PLANT*' ' I TYPE*' ' & SERVICE=' ' THEN DO;
00063 £HD=1| 60 TO LABEL;
00064 END;
00065 PUT / 'MODEL PLANT' +1 PLANT '-' *1 SERVICE TYPE;
00066 81: PUT / 'IS THIS A CHANGE, A DELETION, OR IS IT OK?';
00067 INPUT ANS $;
00068 IF ANS='0' THEN RETURN; ELSE IF ANS='D' THEN DELETE;
00069 ELSE IF ANS NE '0' S ANS NE 'D' X ANS NE 'C' THEN DO;
00070 PUT / 'INCORRECT RESPONSE,' / 'TRY AGAIN UITH ONE '
00071 'OF THE FOLLOUIN6 RESPONSES: CHANGE DELETION OK"I
00072 60 TO Q1;
00073 END;
00074 LABEL: IF END THEN PUT / 'RESPOND TO EACH PARAMETER DESCRIPTION '
00075 'UITH THE INPUT VALUE.' /;
00074 ELSE
00077 PUT / 'IF A CHANGE IS REQUIRED RESPOND UITH THE CORRECTED '
00078 "VALUE,' / 'OTHERWISE PRESS RETURN.' /;
0007? DO OVER ID;
00080 PUT .XX 825 .ID;
00081 INPUT ID Si; IF ID NE ' ' THEN _ID=ID;
00082 END;
00083 IF END THEN DO OVER VAR;
00084 PUT XJ INPUT VALUE; VAR'VALUEJ
00085 END;
00086 ELSE DO OVER VAR;
00087 PUT X 859 VAR;
00088 INPUT VALUE; IF VALUE NE . THEN VAR=VALUE;
ooos? END;
00090 IF PERIOD)1 THEM DO;
00091 PUT / -'ARE HONTHLY FOLLOU-UPS TO BE PERFORMED BETUEEN THE'
00092 / 'PERIODIC SCREENING AND MAINTENANCE OF SOURCES?" :
00093 INPUT ANS $;
00094 IF ftNS='Y' THEN OPTION3=i; ELSE IF AMS="N" THEN OPTIOi43=0;
00095 END;
00096 PUT / 'ARE CONFIDENCE INTERVALS ON EMISSION AND' /
65
-------
Table B-2 (Continued)
OOQ?7
00098
000??
00100
00101
00102
00103
00104
00105
00106
00107
00108
00109
00110
00111
00112
00113
00114
00115
00116
0011?
00118
00119
00120
00121
00122
00123
00124
00125
00126
00127
00128
0012?
00130
00131
00132
00133
00134
00135
00136
00137
00138
0013?
00140
'REDUCTION ESTIMATES DESIRED?'' ;
INPUT ANS $;
IF ANS='Y' THEN OPTION1=i; ELSE IF ANS»'N" THEN OPTION1=0;
Q2s IF OPT10N1=1 THEN DO? IF END THEN BO TO Q3;
PUT / 'IS THIS A CHANGE OR ARE THE '
•'CONFIDENCE INTERVAL INPUTS OK?'J
INPUT ANS *;
Q3: IF ANS»'C' OR END THEN DO;
IF END THEN PUT / 'RESPOND TO EACH PARAMETER
'DESCRIPTION UITH THE INPUT VALUE." /; ELSE
PUT / 'IF A CHANGE IS REQUIRED RESPOND UITH THE '
"CORRECTED VALUE,' / 'OTHERWISE PRESS RETURN.' / ;
IF END THEN DO OVER _SE;
PUT XSE; INPUT VALUE; SE*VALUE;
END;
ELSE DO OVER _SE;
PUT XSE 865 SE;
INPUT VALUE; IF VALUE NE . THEN SE=VALUE;
END;
END;
ELSE IF
PUT /
ANS NE '0' & ANS NE 'C' THEN DO;
'INCORRECT RESPONSE,'' / 'TRY AGAIN UITH '
'ONE OF THE FOLLOUING RESPONSES: CHANGE OK" ;
60 TO 02;
END;
END;
PUT / 'IS A COMPLETE TABLED OUTPUT LISTING DESIRED?';
INPUT ANS *;
IF ANS='Y' THEN OPTION2=1J ELSE IF ANS»'N" THEN OPTION2=0;
RETURN;
EOF: FILE TERM; INFILE SYSTERN MISSOVER;
PUT / -'DO.YOU WANT TO ADD ANOTHER CASE?" ;
INPUT ANS *;
IF ANS='Y' THEN DO; END-1; GO TO LABEL; END;
STOP;
DATA REVISE; SET CORRECT;
FILE OLD;
PUT PLANT* TYPE» SERVICE* +3 '/' /
PERIOD= FF= F1= F2= FE2* FE1= +3 '/" /
HONITOR= VISUAL' REPAIR* PARTS' OCF* CRF= +3 '/' /
EI= IFL= TURN» TOTAL= CREDIT= LABOR= +3 '/' /
OPTION1* OPTION2= OPTION3= F£= H= +3 '/' /
SEJ= SE2= SE3» S£4= 3E5= FFA= FF6= +3 "/' /
EIA= EIB* J
66
-------
Table B-3. PDS Member: SETJCL
ooooi DATA SETJCL;
00002 INFILE OLD; INPUT OPTIONS ; LENGTH TIME ti;
00003 ERROR =0;
00004 IF OPTION1=1 THEN TIME='A'J ELSE TIME='1';
00005 INFILE SYSTERM rtlSSOVERj
00006 FILE TERN;
00007 LENGTH ACCT $12 USERID *6J
00008 PUT / 'ENTER YOUR 6-CHARACTER USER ID';
00009 INPUT USERID t;
00010 PUT / 'ENTER THE 12-CHARACTER ACCOUNT CODE AUTHORIZED FOR' +1 USERIDI
00011 INPUT ACCT $;
00012 PUT / 'ENTER THE INITIATION PRIORITY FOR UHICH YOU UISH TO BE BILLED",
00013 INPUT PRTY ; IF PRTY<=. OR PRTY>5 THEM PRTY=2;
00014 DATARMT=SYSPARM<);
00015 DATA=SCAN(DATARHT,1,'/');
00016 RHT=SCAN(DATrtRMT,2,'/');
00017 FILE JCL; M=-I;
00018 PUT '//•' USERID +1 'JOB" *1 '(' ACCT +M ',AAAA) rLDARNODELrCLASS=A/
00019 'MSGLEVEL=<2,0),' /
00020 '//•' *7 'TIME»' TIME *H ',PRTr=' PRTY /
00021 '/*ROUTE PRINT' +2 RMT /
00022 '// EXEC SAS,OPTIONS=X 'KISSING*., MONOTES^OSOURCE",' /
00023 '//' *7 'REQIOH=400K' /
00024 V/SYSOUT DD DUMMY' /
00025 '//TERM DD DUMMY' /
00024 '//SASLIB DD DSM**.LIBRARYtDISP=(OLD,PASS),VOL=REF=*.LIBRARY' /
00027 '//SYSIN OD DSN=CH.EPASDJ.VOCF.LDAR.DATAIHODEL),DI3P=SHR' /
00028 '//OLD DD DS»=' DATA +H ',DISP«SHR' / '//' ;
0002? STOP;
67
-------
Table B-4. PDS Member: LDAR
00001 PROC 0 DESK) DATAO STATUS( >
00002 URITE *** LEAK DETECTION AND REPAIR (LDAR) HODEL (IN SAS 7?.6)
00003 URITE *** FOR RUNNING AM INTERACTIVE JOB
00004 CONTROL NOMSG
00005 FREE F(UORK FT12F001) ATTRLIST(SPR)
00006 FREE FfSYSOUT FT15F001 OLD RUN TERN SASLIB)
00007 CONTROL N8G PROMPT
00008 ALLOC F(UORK) BLOCK(63?4) SPACE!10 10)
0000? ALLOC F(FTISFOOI) BLOCK(6400) SPACEdO 10)
00010 ATTR SPR RECFH(F B A) LRECL172) BLKSIZE(5760)
00011 ALLOC F(SYSOUT) DA(») USING13PR) DUHMT
00012 ALLOC F(TERM) OA(«) USING(SPR)
00013 ALLOC DA('SDATA.") F(OLB) ^STATUS.
00014 ALLOC DACCH.EPASDJ.VOCF.LDAR.DATAtSETUP)' -
00015 •'CN.EPASDJ.UOCF.LI)AR.DATA(i10DEL)/) F(RUN)
OOOU ALLOC F(FT12F001) SYSOUT(A) DESTtSDEST.)
00017 ALLOC F(SASLIB) NEU SPACEtS 5) TRACKS DIR(3)
00018 CALL -'SYS2.SAS.LIBRARY (SAS)' -
0001? XSYSIN=RUN NONOTES HOSOURCE 3YSPARH="SDATA./SDEST./JSTATUS."- -
00020 MISSIHG'.'
00021 URITE *** OUTPUT SENT TO PRINTER (&DEST.)
68.
-------
Table B-5. PDS Member: LDARB
00001 PRQC 0 DATAO DESK) STATUSO
00002 UR1TE *** LEAK DETECTION AND REPAIR (LDAR) MODEL (IN SAS 79.6)
G0003 URITE *+* FOR RUNNING A BATCH JOB
00004 CONTROL NOMSG
00005 FREE FCUORK FT12F001) ATTRLIST(SPR)
00004 FREE F(FT15F001 OLD RUN TERM JCL)
00007 CONTROL MSB PROMPT
00008 ALLOC F(UQRK) BLOCK(639A) 3PACE(20 100)
00009 ALLOC F(FT15F001) BLOCK16400) SPACE(10 10)
00010 ATTR SPR RECFM(F B A) LfiECL(72) BLKSIZEC5760J
00011 ALLOC F(TERtt) DA(») USIHG(SPR)
00012 ALLOC DACSDATA. ) F(OLD) SSTATUS.
00013 ALLOC DACCH.EPASDJ.VOCF.LDAR.JCL.DATA') F(JCL)
00014 ALLOC DACCH.EPASDJ.VOCF.LDAR.DATAtSETUP)-' -
00015 'CN.EPASDJ.VOCF.LDAR.DATA(SETJCL)') F(RUN)
000U CALL 'SYS2.SAS.LIBRARY(SAS)' -
00017 "SYSINsRUN NONOTES NOSOURCE SYSPARM»"SDATA./SDEST./5STATUS.
00018 SUBMIT • CN.EPASDJ.VOCF.LDAR.JCL.DATA'
00019 URITE *** OUTPUT SENT TO PRINTER (JDEST.)
69
-------
APPENDIX C
INPUT AND OUTPUT FOR EXAMPLE RUN
This appendix contains example Input and output file listings for the
LDAR program. The data given in Tables C-l and C-2 are the LDAR and JCL
input data files, respectively, created by the first example interactive
session (submitting a batch job) in Section 4. The file containing the
JCL, CN.EPASDJ.VOCF.LDAR.JCL.DATA, is re-created each time a LDAR batch
job is submitted. The data set containing the LDAR input data was named by
the user when the LDAR program was initiated (CN.EPAiii.VOCF.NEW.DATA).
The printouts given in Table C-3 are the hardcopy output files from the first
example Interactive session. These printouts contain the complete hardcopy
output listings as requested by the user.
The data given in Table C-4 are the LDAR input data file created by
the second example interactive session (interactive run) in Section 4. This
data set was named by the user when the file was initially set up
(CN. EPAiii.VOCF. OLD .DATA) by the LDAR program. The printouts given in
Table C-5 are the hardcopy output files from the second interactive session.
These printouts contain the selected hardcopy output listings as requested
by the user.
70
-------
Table C-l. LDAR Input Data File (From Example Session 1)
PLANT=A TYPE*VALVE3 SERVIC£=LIGHT LIQUIB /
PERIOD'3 FF*1.27 F1=62.6 F2=97.7 FE2=14 FE1=1Q /
MONITORS VISUAL=0 REPAIR=A8 PARFS=0 OCF=40 CRF=1<6.3
EI=0.027 IFL=22 TURH=24 TOTAL=260 CREDIT=215 LABOR=18
OPTIOW=1 OPTIOM2=1 OPTIOH3=1 FE-0 H=0 /
SE1=2 SE2=10 SE3M SE4=8 SE5=5 FFA=0.7 FFB=1.9 /
EIA'0.013 EIB=0.054
71
-------
Table C-2. JCL Input Data File (From Example Session 1)
/VEPASDJ JOB (VOCFENBRDRAD,AAAA),LDARMODELfCLASS=A,nSGLEVEL=<2,0),
// TIME=1,PRTY=2
/*ROUTE PRINT RMT15
// EXEC SAS,OPTIOMS='NISSIN6=.,NONOTESfNOSOURCE",
// RE6ION=400K
//SYSOUT DD DUMNY
//TERM DD DUHHY
//SASLIB DD DSN»*.LIBRARY,DISP=
-------
Table C-3. Hardcopy Output File (From Example Session 1)
INPUT DATA
PLANT A
(FOR LIGHT LIQUID VALVES )
FOR EXAHININ6 EMISSION REDUCTIONS DUE TO LDAR*:
MONITORING INTERVAL fMONTHS) 3**
TURNAROUND FREQUENCY CMCKTHS) 24
EMISSION FACTOR
EMISSIONS ftrOUCTION FOR UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR IX» £2.6 (10)
EMISSIONS REDUCTION FOR SUCCESSFUL REPAIR (X) 97.7 (4)
EARLY LEAK RECURRENCE IX OF REPAIRS) 14.0 IS)
UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR RATE f*t 10.0 Ifl)
UNSUCCESSFUL: REPAIR RATE «x> AT TURNAROUND o.o
FOfl EXAMINING THE COSTS OF LDAR:
TOTAL NUMBER OF SOURCES 260
MONITORING TINE PER SOURCE INSPECTION (MINUTES) 2.0
VISUAL MONITORING TIME PER SOURCE (MINUTES) 0.00
NUMBER OF VISUAL INSPECTIONS PER YfAft 0
REPAIR TIME PER SOURCE (KINUTES) 66
LABOR RATE (I/HOUR) IB
PARTS COST PER SOURCE It) 0
ADMINISTRATIVE t SUPPORT OVERHEAD COST FACTOR IX) 40.0
CAPITAL RECOVERY FACTOR (X) 16.3
RECOVERY CRfDIT FOR EMISSIONS REDUCTION IS/MS) 215
• VALUES IN PARENTHESES ARE EITHER THE STANDARD ERROR OF THt ESTIMATE
OR THE APPROXIMATE 95X CONFIDENCE BOUNDS OH THE PARAMETER.
** WITH MONTHLY FOLLOU-UPS.
-------
Table C-3 (Continued)
SUMMARY OF TOTAL FRACTION OF SOURCES SCREENED AND OPERATED ON FOR VALVES/
LISHT LIQUID SCRVICE BY YEAR - PLANT A
TEAR
TOTAL FRACTION OF
SOURCES SCREENED
TOTAL FRACTION OF
SOURCES OPFRATED ON
INITIAL
1.0000
0.220*
0.0908
4.0434
o.oToe
4.1084
0.0600
4.056*
0.0679
4.102*
0.0596
4.0561
0.0678
-------
Table C-3 (Continued)
SUMMARY OF TOTAL FRACTICK OF SOURCES SCREENED AND OPERATED ON FOR VALVES/
LIGHT LIQUID SERVICE BY TURNAROUND - PLANT A
TURNAROUND TCTAL FRACTION OF TOTAL FRACTION OF
PffilOO SOURCES SCREENED SOURCES OPERATED ON
1 9.9225 0.3B16
2 B.1644 0.1279
3 8.1588 0.1274
-------
Table C-3 (Continued)
SUMMARY OF ESTIMATED EMISSION FACTORS (KS/HR) AND PERCENT REDUCTION
IN MASS EMISSIONS FOR VALVES/LIGHT LIQUID SERVICE BY TURNAROUND - PLANT A
PERCENT REDUCTION (90V CD
COMPARED TO EMISSION
TURNAROUND COHPAREO TO FOR WHICH NO MAINTENANCE
PERIOD MEAN EHISSION-KG/HR (90X CD INITIAL EMISSION UAS DONE DURING PERIOD
1 0.0037 (••OClfO.Otei 86.3 < 78.95) 88.2 ( 81*96)
2 0.003S (•.001*0.007) 86.9 ( 79*96} 51.9 ( 35*74*
»«l
3 0.0035 (0.001*0.007) 86.9 ( 79.96) 51.6 ( 35,73»
-------
Table C-3 (Continued)
FRACTION OF TOTAL SCURCES SCNEENCD AND OPERATED ON FOR VALVES/LIGHT LIQUID SERVICE
»Y MONTH - PLANT *
1ST YEA*
2tiD YEAR
3RD YEAR
4TH YEAR
STM YEAd
6TH YEAR
MONTH
INITIAL
1
2
3
*
5
6
7
a
9
10
11
12
FRACTION
SCPEENED
1.0000
0.2260
0.2168
0.9964
0.0101
0.0101
f.9950
0.011'
0.0111
0.9936
0.0113
0.0111
0.9922
FRACTION
OPERATED
ON
0.22CO
3.0316
0.0049
0.0114
1.0015
0.0002
0.0125
P. 0016
o.octn
0.0125
0.0016
0.0002
0.012?
FRACTION
SCRCEMEC
.-
0.0112
0.0111
O.S901
0.0112
0.0111
0.9693
0.0112
o.oiie
0.9879
0.0112
a. 0110
0.9864
FRACTION
OPERATED
ON
..
O.OPI6
0.0002
0.0125
0.0016
0.0002
0.0124
0.0016
0.0002
0.0124
0.0016
0.0002
0.0260
FRACTION
SCREENED
-.
0.0260
0.0256
0.9996
0.0112
0.0111
3.991=1
0.0115
0.0111
0.996T
0.0113
0.0111
0.9952
FRACTION
OPERATED
ON
-.
0.0037
0*0006
0.0125
0.0016
0.0002
0.0126
0.0016
0.0003
0.0125
0.0016
0.0003
0.0125
FRACTION
SCREENED
—
0.0113
0.0111
0.9936
0.0113
0.0111
0.9924
0.0112
0.0111
0.9909
0.0112
0.0111
0.9895
FRACTION
OPERATED
ON
—
0.0016
0.0003
0.0125
0.0016
0.0002
0.0125
0.0016
0.000?
0.0125
0.0016
O.C002
0.022S
FRACTION
SCREENED
._
0.0229
0.0226
0.9996
0.0113
0.0111
0.0983
0.0113
0.0111
0.9961
0.0113
0.0111
0.9953
FRACTION
OPEPATED
ON
—
0.0033
0.0009
0.0125
0.0016
0.0003
0.0126
0.0016
0.0003
0.0125
0.0016
0.0003
0.012?
FRACTION
SCREENED
.-
0.0113
0.0111
0.9939
0.0113
0.0111
0.9924
0.0112
0.0111
0.9910
0.0112
0.0111
0.9896
FRACTION
OPERATED
ON
..
O.POI6
0.0003
0.0125
0*0016
0.0002
0.0125
0.0016
0.0002
0.0125
0.0016
0.0002
0.0229
-------
Table C-3 (Continued)
ESTIMATED EMISSION FACTORS (K6/HR> AND PERCENT REDUCTION
IN MASS EMISSIONS FOR VALVES/LIGHT LIQUID SERVICE 6V PERIOD - PLANT A
PERCFNT REDUCTION (90X CII
00
COMPARED TO EMISSION
PERIOD
(3 MONTHS)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
MEAN EH1SSION-KG/HR (90S CII
0.0(38
0.0035
0.0036
0.0036
0.0037
0.0017
0.0038
0.0039
0.0034
0.0034
0.0035
0.003S
0.0016
0.0036
0.0037
0.0037
0.0034
0.00*4
0.0035
0.0035
0.0036
0.0036
0.0037
0.0037
fO.001tC.000>
10. OC1. 0.007)
CO. 001. 0.007)
(0.001,0.007)
IO.OOitO.008)
(0.001*0. 00«>
(0.001,0. OOP)
(0.001,0.008)
(0.001,0.007)
(0.001,0.007)
(0.001, (.007)
(O.OG1, 0.007)
(0.001,0.007)
IO.001tO.008)
(0.011,0.006)
(0.0(1,0.008)
(0.001,0.007)
(0.001,0.007)
(0.001,0.007)
(C.CC1, 0.007)
(0.001,3.007)
(0.001,0.008)
(0. 001,0. ooe)
(O.OOltC.006)
COPPAREO TO
INITIAL EMISSION
06.1
87.0
86.7
06. 3
86.3
86.1
85.9
85.1
87.5
87.4
87.2
87.0
86.8
86.6
86.4
86.2
87.6
87.4
87.2
87.0
86. A
86.6
{16.4
86.2
70*95)
79,96)
79t96)
79,96)
78t95>
70*95)
78,95)
78, "5)
eo*96)
79,96)
79,96)
79,96)
79,96)
79,96)
78,96)
78t95)
80,96)
79,96)
79,96)
79,96)
79,96)
79,96)
78.96)
78*95)
FOR WHICH NO MAINTENANCE
UAS DONE OUR INK PERIOD
B6.3
87.7
68.0
?8.2
68.4
90. 7
80.9
69.0
9.4
33.5
47.0
*5.6
61.7
66.2
69.6
72.4
8.4
33.0
46.6
55.4
61.5
66.1
69.5
72.3
79*95)
80*96)
81*961
61*96)
82*96)
82*96)
83*96)
83*96)
3*30)
18*62)
28*73)
36*79)
42*82)
48*85)
52*87)
55*88)
2*25)
17*61)
28*73)
36*79)
42*82)
47*85)
52,87)
55*88)
-------
Table C-3 (Continued)
FRACTIONAL CISTDJBUT ION Of" SOURCES FOR VALVES/LIGHT LIQUID SERVICE
PY PERIOD - PLANT *
VO
FRACTION OF
FRACTION Of
UNREPAIRED SOURCES
FRACTION OF SOURCES
EXPERIENCING EARLY FAILURE
FRACTION OF SOURCES
OPERATING PROPERLY
PERIOD
CRIOCU> CF PERIOD OF PERIOD
0.220
0.011
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.013
0.013
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.013
0.013
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
• W
• .000
0.005
0.006
LOOP
C.009
3.011
0.012
0.013
0.000
0.002
0.003
0.005
C.006
C.007
0.009
0.010
0.000
0.002
0.003
0.005
0.006
0.007
3.009
0.010
0.000
0.004
0.00*>
0.006
0.00*
0.009
0*011
0.012
0.014
0.000
0.002
0.003
0.005
0.006
0*008
0.009
0.010
0.009
0.082
0.003
0.005
0.006
0.008
0.000
0.010
BEGINNING
OF PERIOD
...
0.0306
0.0014
0.0016
0.0016
0.0016
0.0016
0.0016
0.0016
0.0036
0.0016
0.0016
0.0016
0.0016
fl.OOlfc
O.OOJt
0.0016
0.0032
0.0016
0.0016
0.0016
0.0016
0.0016
0.0016
0.0016
END BEGINNING
OF PERIOD OF PERIOD
0.0000 —
0.0006
3.0000
o.oooc
0.0000
0.0000
O.ODOO
0.0000
0.0000
0.0001
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0001
0.0000
0.0000
9.000C
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
.969
.99*
.992
.991
.989
.988
.986
.985
.996
.997
.995
.99*
.992
.991
.990
.988
.997
.997
.993
.994
.992
.991
.990
0.0000 0.988
END
OF PERIOD
0.760
0.985
0.983
0.961
0.980
0.978
0.977
0.975
0.974
0.967
0.986
0.984
0.983
0.981
0.980
0.978
0.977
0.987
0.986
0.984
0.983
0.981
0.980
0.979
0.977
* LEAKERS REFERS TO THOSE SCURCES SCREENING GREATER THAN OP EQUAL TO 10.000 PPHV.
fl) JUST BEFORE PERIODIC HAINTEKANCE IS PERFORMED.
12) IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING PERIODIC MAINTENANCE.
-------
Table C-3 (Continued)
PLANT A SUMMARY:
INITIAL LEAK REPAIR COSTS
SOURCE TYPE
INITIAL
LEAK
FftCQ
NUMBER
OF
SOURCES
NUK6ER
CF
INITIAL
LEAKS
INITIAL LEAK REPAIR COSTS
PARTS
LABOR
AOMIN I
SUPPORT
TOTAL
ANNUALIZEO
CHAR6FS
00
O
VALVES
LIGHT
0.220
260
57
1.110
1*639
266
-------
Table C-3 (Continued)
MONITOR UG AND LEAK REPAIR COSTS - PLANT A
CQUARTERLY LDAR FOR LIGHT LIQUID ifALVES)
YEAR
MONITORING
LABOR
COSTS
ONGOING REPAIR COSTS
LABOR PARTS
ANNUALI ZED
ADMIN AND CHARGE FOR
SUPPORT INITIAL
COSTS LEAK REPAIR
GROSS
COST
OO
855
631
641
633
640
633
482
375
318
360
316
360
0
0
0
0
0
535
402
384
397
382
397
266
266
266
266
266
266
TOTAL
4(030
2l210
2«500
S 1(600
2(140
1(670
1(610
1(660
1(600
1(660
$ 10(300
ANNUAL AVG
637
339
390
266
1(630
-------
Table C-3 (Continued)
PLANT A SUMMARY:
AVERAGE ANNUAL CONITORINS AND LEAK REPAIR COSTS
(QUARTERLY LOAR)
SOURCE TYPE
MONITORING
LABCR
COSTS
CkGOING REPAIR COSTS
LABOR PARTS
ANNUAL IZED
AOMIN AND CHARGE FOR
SUPPORT INITIAL
COSTS LEAK REPAIR
GROSS
COST
oo
ro
VALVES
LI5HT LIQUID S 637 S
339
390
266
PLANT TOTAL
637
339 S
1*630
OS 390 $ 266 S 1*630
-------
Table C-3 (Continued)
COST EFFECTIVENESS - PLANT A
ICUARTERLY LOAR FOR LIGHT LIQUID VALVES)
YEAR
1
2
3
00
to 4
5
6
TOTAL
ANNUAL AV6
EMISSION
REDUCTION
(MG/VR)
53.2
52.9
53.7
53.2
53.7
53.2
320
53.4
RECOVERY
CREDIT
I 11*400
11(400
11. SOU
11(400
11(500
11(400
« 68(800
* 11(500
NET
COSTS
$ -9(310
-9(700
-9(930
-9(780
-9(940
-9,780
S -58(400
S -9(850
CROSS COST
EFFECTIVENESS
iPER H6)
t 40
32
30
31
30
31
$ 32
* 31
NET COST
EFFECTIVENESS
IPER M6»
S -175
-183
-185
-184
-185
-184
S -183
S -184
-------
Table C-3 (Continued)
PLANT A SUMMARY:
AVERAGE ANNUAL COST EFFECTIVENESS
oo
VALVES
LIGHT LIQUID
PLANT TCTAL
53.4
53.4
S 11*500
t -9*850
* 11*500 I -9,850
S 31
* -IB*
S -184
-------
Table C-4. LDAR Input Data File (From Example Session 2)
PLANT=A TYPE=VALVES SERVICE*GAS /
PERIOD*! FF=1.27 F1=A2.6 F2=97.7 FE2=14 FE1=10 /
HONITOR=2 VISUAL=0 REPAIR=48 PARTS=0 OCF=40 CRF=16.3
£1=0.027 IFl=22 TURH=24 TOTAL=260 CREDIT=215 LABOR=18
OPTION1=0 OPTIOH2=0 OPTION3=0 FE=0 M=0 /
SE1». SE2=. SE3=. SE4=. SE5=. FFA=. FFB=. /
PLAHT=A TYPE=PUNP SEALS SERMICE=LI6HT LIQUID /
PERIOD=1 FF=1.3 Fl=65 F2=97.7 FE2»14 FEI'10 /
HONITOR=10 VISUAL=0.5 REPAIR=960 PARTS=113 QCF=40 CRF=16.3
EI=0.027 IFL=12 TURM»24 TOTAL=200 CREDIT=215 LABOR=18 /
OPTION1=0 OPTION2=0 OPTION3=0 FE=0 N=52 /
SE1=. SE2». SE3=. SE4=. SE5=. FFA=. FFB=. /
EIA». EIB=.
PLANT=A TYPE'PUHP SEALS SERVICE=HEAVY LIQUID /
PERIOD«1 FFs1.27 F1=62.6 F2=97.7 FE2»14 FE1=10 /
HONITOR=10 VISUAL»0.5 REPAIR=960 PARTS=113 OCF=40 CRF=16.3
EI=0.055 IFL = 10 TUR»'24 TOTALM10 CREDIT=215 LABOR=1 8 /
OPT10N1=0 OPTIOH2=0 QP7IOH3=0 FE=0 N=52 /
SE1». SE2=. SE3». SE4=. SE5=. FFA=. FFB-. /
EIA>.
85
-------
Table C-5. Hardcopy Output File (From Example Session 2)
INPUT DATA
PLANT A
IFOR HEAVY LIQUID FUMP SEALS )
FOR EXAMINING EMISSION REDUCTIONS DUE TO LOAR:
HONITOHIN6 INTERVAL IMOKTHS) 1
TURNAROUND FREQUENCY (MOUTHS) 24
EMISSION FACTOR fK6/HR/SOURCE1 0.055
LEAK OCCURRENCE RATE (X PFR PERIOD) 1.3
INITIAL X LEAKING 10.0
EPISSIONS REDUCTION FOR UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR IX) 62.6
EMISSIONS REDUCTION FOR SUCCESSFUL REPAIR IX) 97.7
EARLY LEAK RECURRENCE IX OF REPAIRS) 14.0
UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR RATE IV) 13.0
0, UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR RATE 1*1 AT TURNAROUND 0.0
FOR EXAMINING THE COSTS OF LDAR:
TOTAL NUMBER OF SOURCES 410
MONITORING TIME PER SOURCE INSPECTION (MINUTES) 10.0
VISUAL MONITORING TIME PER SOURCE (MINUTES) 0.50
NUMBER OF VISUAL INSPECTIONS PER YfAR 52
REPAIR TIMF PER SOURCE (MIMITES) 960
LABOR RATE IS/HOUR) 18
PARTS COST PER SOURCE IS) 113
ADMINISTRATIVE t SUPPORT OVERHEAD COST FACTOR IX) 40.0
CAPITAL RECOVERY FACTOR (X) 16.3
RECOVERY CREDIT FOR EMISSIONS REDUCTION IS/M6) 215
-------
Table C-5 (Continued)
INPUT DATA
PLANT A
(FOR LI6HT LIQUID PUKP SEALS I
FOR EXAMININ6 EHISSION REDUCTIONS DUE TO LOAR:
MONITORING INTERVAL (MONTHS) 1
TURNAROUND FREOUENCY IMONTPS) 2«
EHISSION FACTOR (K6/HR /SOURCE) 0.027
LEAK OCCURRENCE RATE (t PER PERIOD) 1.3
•INITIAL X LEAKING 12.0
EMISSIONS REDUCTION FOR UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR (XI 65.0
ECISSIOHS REDUCTION FOR SUCCESSFUL REPAIR 4X) 97.7
EARLY LEAK RECURRENCE (I OF REPAIRS! 11.9
UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR RATE «») 10. C
UNSUCCESSFUL RFPAIR RATE IX) AT TURNAROUND 0.0
FOR EXAMINING THE COSTS OF LOAR:
TOTAL NUMFEft OF SOURCES 200
NONITORIN6 TIME PER SOURCE INSPECTION (MINUTES) 10.0
VISUAL MONITORING TIKE PER SCURCE (MINUTES) O.*0
NUMBER OF VISUAL INSPECTIONS PER TEAR 52
REPAIR TIME PER SOURCE CMULTES) 960
LABOR RATE 18
PARTS COST PER SOURCE (!) US
ADMINISTRATIVE C SUPPORT OVERHEAD COST FACTOR <*) 40.0
CAPITAL RECOVERY FACTOR (X) 16.3
RECOVERY CREDIT FOR EMISSIONS REDUCTION I«/MG> 215
-------
Table C-5 (Continued)
INPUT DAT*
PLANT A
(FOR GAS VALVES I
FOR EXAMINING EMISSION REDUCTIONS DUE TO LOAR:
NONITORINS INTERVAL (MONTHS! 1
TURNAROUND FREQUENCY 24
EMISSION FACTOR IK6/HR/SCURCE) 0.027
LEAK OCCURRENCE RATE (X PER PERIOD) 1.3
INITIAL X LEAKING 22.0
EMISSIONS REDUCTION FOR UNSUCCESSFUL REPAIR
-------
Table C-5 (Continued)
SUMMARY OF TOTAL FRACTION CF SOURCES SCREENED AMD OPERATED ON FOR PUMP SEALS/
tEAVV LIQUID SERVICE BY TURNAROUND - PLANT A
TURNAROUND TOTAL FRACTION Of TCFAL FRACTION OF
PFRIOC SCURCES SCREENED SOURCES OPERATED ON
1 24.5729 0.4899
-------
Table C-5 (Continued)
SUMMARY OF TOTAL FRACTION OF SOURCES SCREENED AND OPERATED ON FOR PUMP SEALS/
LISHT LIQUID SERVICE BY TURNAROUND - PLANT A
-------
Table C-5 (Continued)
SUHMRY OF TOTAL FRACTION OF SOURCES SCREENED AND OPERATED ON FOR VALVES/
6AS SERVICE BY TURNAROUND - PLANT A
TURNAROUND TOTAL FRACTION OF TOTAL FRACTIOK OF
PERIOD SOURCES SCREENED SOURCES OPERATED ON
1 24.5303 0.6300
2 23.5907 0.3815
3 23.5916 0.3810
-------
Table C-5 (Continued)
SUHMARV OF ESTIMATED EMISSION FACTORS «KO PERCENT REDUCTION
IN MASS EMISSIONS FOR PUCP SEALS'HEAVY LIQUID SERVICE BY TURNAROUND - PLANT A
N5
PERCENT REDUCTION
COMPARED TO EMISSION
TURNAROUND
PERIOD
1
2
3
MEAN ENISSION-KG/HR
8.0165
8.0U3
0.0163
COHPARED TC
INITIAL EMISSION
70.0
70.4
70.4
FOR UHICH NO MAINTENANCE
WAS DONE DURING PERIOD
84.6
72. 7
72.6
-------
Table C-5 (Continued)
SUNNARV OF ESTIMATED EMISSION FACTORS (KG/HR) AND PERCENT REDUCTION
IN MASS EMISSIONS FCR PUPP SEALS/LIGHT LIOUIO SERVICE BY TURNAROUND - PLANT A
to
LO
PERCENT REDUCTION
COMPARED TO EMISSION
TURNAROUKO
PERIOD
1
2
3
MEAN EHISSIOK-KGSHR
•.0069
0.0069
0.0069
COMPARED TC
INITIAL EMISSION
74.3
74.6
74.6
FCR WHICH NO MAINTENANCE
WAS DONE DURING PERIOD
85.9
73.2
73.2
-------
Table C-5 (Continued)
SUHNARV OF ESTIMATED EMISSION FACTORS AMD PERCENT REDUCTION
IN MASS FPISSIONS F0« VALVES/SAS SERVICE BY TURNAROUND - PLANT A
\D
PERCENT REDUCTION
rOHPARFD TO EMISSION
TURNAROUND
PERIOD
1
2
3
PEAK EMISSIOK-K6/HR
0.0(42
0.0141
0.0(41
COMPARED TO
INITIAL EMISSION
84.4
8J.O
65. «
FOR W^ICH NO MAINTENANCE
UAS DONE DURING PERIOD
89. 3
72.7
72. T
-------
Table C-5 (Continued)
PLANT A SUMMARY:
INITIAL LEAK REPAIR COSTS
Ol
SOURCE TVFF
PUMP SEALS
HEAVY LIQUID
LISHT LIQUID
VALVES
GAS
1 U t T t A I klllMRPfi
1 Nl 1 1 HI. NUf1DC.n
LEAK OF
FREO SOURCES
0.100 410
0.120 200
0.220 260
NUCBER
OF
INITIAL
LEAKS
41 »
24
57
INITIAL LEAK
PARTS LABOR
4,630 t 11,800
2*710 6,910
0 1*170
REPAIR COSTS
AOMIN t
SUPPORT
S 4*720
2*760
467
ANNUALIZFO
TOTAL CHARGES
S 21,200 t 3*450
12.400 2*020
1*630 266
-------
Table C-5 (Continued)
PLANT A SUHNARV:
AVERA6E ANNUAL MONITORING AND LEAK REPAIR COSTS
(NONTHLY LDAR>
ANNUALIZED
S3URCE TYPE
PUMP SEALS
HEAVY LIQUID
LIGHT LIQUID
VALVES
SAS
MONITORING
LAB CM
COSTS
S 17,700
8*630
1*840
CKGOING REPAIR COSTS
LABOR PARTS
S 22*500 * 8*830
11*200 4.410
1*010 0
ADMIN AND
CIIPD AD T
COSTS
% 16*100
7*950
1*140
CHARGE FOR
1 ftlf T 1 Al
LEAK REPAIR
$ 3*450
2*320
266
ABAC C
COST
> 68*600
34*200
4*260
PLANT TOTAL
28*200 S 34*700 * 13*200 S 25*200 S 5*740
$ 107,000
-------
Table C-5 (Continued)
PLANT « SUMMARY:
AVERAGE ANNUAL COST EFFECTIVENESS
•MONTHLY LOAR)
vo
SOURCE TYPE
PUHP SEALS
HEAVY LIQUID
LIGHT LIBUIO
VALVES
6AS
EMISSION
REDUCTION
139
35.3
52.2
RECOVERY
CREDIT
$ 29,900
7*590
11,200
NET
COSTS
$ 38*700
26,700
-6*970
GROSS COST
EFFECTIVENESS
IPER MS)
* 493
9'0
62
NET COST
EFFECTIVENESS
CPEH N6I
* 278
755
•133
PLANT TCTAL
227
S 48,700
1 56,400
473
< 256
-------
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO.
EPA-600/8-83-029
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESS!OH NO.
FuDgSit!veLEmission Predictive Model-
User's Guide
5. REPORT DATE
July 1983
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7. AUTHOR(S)
J. I. Steinmetz and L. P. Provost
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
DON 83-203-001-55-11
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
Radian Corporation
P. O. Box 9948
Austin, Texas 78766
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
68-02-3171, Task 55
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
EPA, Office of Research and Development
Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Task Final; 5/82 - 9/82
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
EPA/600/13
is.SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES IERL-RTP project officer is Bruce A. Tichenor, Mail Drop 63.
919/541-2547.
16. ABSTRACT
The report discusses a mathematical model that can be used to evaluate
the effectiveness of various leak detection and repair (LDAR) programs on control-
ling volatile organic compound (VOC) fugitive emissions from chemical, petroleum.
and other process units. The overall effectiveness of a LDAR program can be
examined by studying leak occurrence frequency, leak emission rates, leak recur-
rence frequency, repair effectiveness, and process unit shutdown frequency.
Additionally, examining the time required for simple on-line maintenance and in-
spection, repair parts and labor costs, and administrative and support overhead
costs can be used to quantify the expected costs and cost-effectiveness of alternative
LDAR programs. The model is capable of evaluating leak detection/maintenance
frequencies of 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Another feature of the model incorporates
the uncertainty of the inputs for examining emission reductions to calculate approx-
imate confidence intervals for the emission and reduction outputs. The report also
describes a computer program, available through EPA's National Computer Center.
that allows a user to enter LDAR input data and initiate the above-described model
through a low-speed terminal.
7.
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
b.lDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
c. COSATI 1 teld/Ctoup
Pollution Computer Programs
Organic Compounds
Processing
Leakage
Maintenance
Inspection
Pollution Control
Stationary Sources
Volatile Organic Com-
pounds (VOC)
Fugitive Emissions
13B
07C
13H
14G
15E
09B
13. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
Release to Public
19. SECURITY CLASS (This Report)
Unclassified
21. NO. OF PAGES
103
20. SECURITY CLASS fThis page)
Unclassified
22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73)
98
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