United Stales
Environmental Protection
Agencv
Environmental Monitoring
and Support Laboratory
PO Box 15O27
Las Vegas NV89114
EPA-600 3-79 062
June 1979
Research and Development
Distribution  of
                               in

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                   RESEARCH  REPORTING SERIES

 Research reports  of the Office  of  Research  and Development, U.S.  Environmental
 Protection Agency, have been grouped into nine series. These nine broad categories
 were established to facilitate further development and application of environmental
 technology.   Elimination of traditional grouping was  consciously planned  to foster
 technology transfer and maximum interface in related fields. The nine  series are:


       1.   Environmental Health Effects Research
       2.   Environmental Protection Technology
       3.   Ecological Research
       4.   Environmental Monitoring
       5.   Socioeconomic Environmental Studies
       6.   Scientific and Technical  Assessment Reports (STAR)
       7.   Interagency Energy—Environment Research and Development
       8.   "Special" Reports
       9.   Miscellaneous Reports
 This report  has been assigned to the ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH series.  This series
 describes research on the effects of pollution on humans,plant and animal species, and
 materials.  Problems are assessed for their long-and short-term influences. Investiga-
 tions include  formations,  transport,  and pathway  studies to  determine the fate  of
 pollutants and their effects. This work provided the technical basis for setting standards
 to minimize undesirable changes in  living organisms in  the aquatic, terrestrial, and
 atmospheric environments.
This document is available to the public through the National Technical Information
Service. Springfield, Virginia  22161

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                                            EPA-600/3-79-062
                                            June 1979
  DISTRIBUTION OF PHYTOPLAKKTON IN IOWA LAKES

                       by

   L. R. Williams, S. C. Hern, V. W. Lairrbou
 F. A. Morris*, M. K. Morris*, and W. 0. Taylor

          Water and Land Quality Branch
         Monitoring Operations Division
 Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
            Las Vegas, Nevada  89114
       *Department of Biological Sciences
         University of Nevada, Las Vegas
            Las Vegas, Nevada  89154
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND SUPPORT LABORATORY
      OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
     U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
           LAS VEGAS, NEVADA  89114

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                                 DISCLAIMER
     This report has been reviewed by the Environmental  Monitoring and
Support Laboratory-Las Vegas, U.S. Environmental  Protection Agency, and
approved for publication.  Mention of trade names or commercial  products does
not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.

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                                  FOREWORD
     Protection of the environment requires effective regulatory actions
which are based on sound technical and scientific information.  This
information must include the quantitative description and linking of
pollutant sources, transport mechanisms, interactions, and resulting effects
on man and his environment.  Because of the complexities involved, assessment
of specific pollutants in the environment requires a total systems approach
which transcends the media of air, water, and land.  The Environmental
Monitoring and Support Laboratory-Las Vegas contributes to the formation and
enhancement of a sound monitoring data base for exposure assessment through
programs designed to:

          •  develop and optimize systems and strategies for monitoring
             pollutants and their impact on the environment

          •  demonstrate new monitoring systems and technologies by
             applying them to fulfill special monitoring needs of the
             Agency's operating programs

     This report presents the species and abundance of phytoplankton in the
15 lakes sampled by the National Eutrophication Survey in the State of Iowa,
along with results from the calculation of several commonly used biological
indices of water quality and community structure.  These data can be used to
biologically characterize the study lakes, and as baseline data for future
investigations.  This report was written for use by Federal, State, and local
governmental agencies concerned with water quality analysis, monitoring, and
or regulation.  Private industry and individuals similarly involved with the
biological aspects of water quality will find the document useful.  For
further information contact the Water and Land Quality Branch, Monitoring
Operations Division.
                              George/B. Morgan
                                  Di'rector
               Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
                                  Las Vegas
                                      iii

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                                   CONTENTS
                                                                        Page
Foreword	    ii1
Introduction 	      1
Materials and Methods  	      3
     Lake and Site Selection	      3
     Sample Preparation  	      3
     Examination 	      4
     Quality Control 	      5
Results  	      6
     Nygaard's Trophic State Indices 	      6
     Palmer's Organic Pollution Indices  	      6
     Species Diversity and Abundance Indices 	      8
     Species Occurrence and Abundance  	     10
Literature Cited 	     11
Appendix A.  Phytoplankton Species list for the State
             of Iowa	     12
Appendix B.  Summary of Phytoplankton Data  	     16

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                                INTRODUCTION
     The collection and analysis of phytoplankton data were included in the
National Eutrophication Survey in an effort to determine relationships between
algal characteristics and trophic status of individual lakes.
     During spring, summer, and fall of 1974, the Survey sampled 179 lakes in
10 States.  Over 700 algal species and varieties were identified and
enumerated from the 573 water samples examined.
     This report presents the species and abundance of phytoplankton in the
15 lakes sampled in the State of Iowa (Table 1).  The Nygaard's Trophic State
(Nygaard 1949), Palmer's Organic Pollution (Palmer 1969), and species
diversity and abundance indices are also included.
          TABLE 1.  LAKES SAMPLED IN THE STATE OF IOWA
STORET No.
 Lake Name
 County
   1901
   1902
   1903
   1904
   1905
   1906
   1907
   1908
   1909
   1910
   1911
   1912
Lake Ahquabi
Big Creek Reservoir
Black Hawk Lake
Clear Lake
Lake Darling
Lost Island Lake
Lake McBride
Prairie Rose Lake
Rathbun Reservoir
Red Rock Reservoir
Rock Creek Lake
Silver Lake
Polk
Polk
Sac
Cerro Gordo
Washington
Palo Alto
Johnson
Shelby
Appanoose, Wayne, Lucas
Marion
Jasper
Worth
(Continued;

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          TABLE 1.  LAKES SAMPLED IN THE STATE OF IOWA (Continued)
STORET No.            Lake Name                        County
   1913              Spirit Lake                      Dickinson
   1914              Viking Lake                      Montgomery
   1915              West Lake Okoboji                 Dickinson

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                            MATERIALS AND METHODS
LAKE AND SITE SELECTION
     Lakes and reservoirs Included in the Survey were selected through
discussions with State water pollution agency personnel  and U.S.  Environmental
Protection Agency Regional Offices (U.S. Environmental  Protection Agency
1975).  Screening and selection strongly emphasized lakes with actual  or
potential accelerated eutrophication problems.  As a result, the  selection was
1 imited to lakes:

     (1) impacted by one or more municipal sewage treatment plant outfalls
         either directly into the lake or by discharge to an inlet tributary
         within approximately 40 kilometers of the lake;

     (2) 40 hectares or larger in size; and

     (3) with a mean hydraulic retention time of at least 30 days.

Specific selection criteria were waived for some lakes of particular State
interest.

     Sampling sites for a lake were selected based on available information on
lake morphometry, potential major sources of nutrient input, and  on-site
judgment of the field limnologist (U.S. Environmental Protection  Agency 1975).
Primary sampling sites were chosen to reflect the deepest portion of each
major basin in a test lake.  Where many basins were present, selection was
guided by nutrient source information on hand.  At each sampling  site, a
depth-integrated phytoplankton sample was taken.  Depth-integrated samples
were uniform mixtures of water from the surface to a depth of 15  feet
(4.6 meters) or from the surface to the lower limit of the photic zone
representing 1 percent of the incident light, whichever was greater.  If the
depth at the sampling site was less than 15 feet (4.6 meters), the sample was
taken from just off the bottom to the surface.  Normally, a lake  was sampled
three times in 1 year, providing information on spring, summer, and fall
conditions.


SAMPLE PREPARATION

     To preserve the sample 4 milliliters (ml) of Acid-Lugol's solution
(Prescott 1970) were added to each 130-ml sample from each site at the time of
collection.  The samples were shipped to the Environmental  Monitoring and
Support Laboratory, Las Vegas, Nevada, where equal  volumes from each site

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were mixed to form two 130-ml  composite samples for a given lake.   One
composite sample was put into  storage and  the other was used for the
examination.

     Prior to examination, the composite samples were concentrated by the
settling method.  Solids were  allowed to settle for at least 24 hours prior to
siphoning off the supernate.  The volume of the removed supernate  and the
volume of the remaining concentrate were measured and concentrations
determined.  A small (8-ml) library subsample of the concentrate was then
taken.  The remaining concentrate was gently agitated to resuspend the
plankton and poured into a capped, graduated test tube.  If a preliminary
examination of a sample indicated the need for a more concentrated sample, the
contents of the test tube were further concentrated by repeating the settling
method.  Final concentrations  varied from 15 to 40 times the original.

     Permanent slides were prepared from concentrated samples after analysis
was complete.  A ring of clear Karo® corn syrup with phenol (a few crystals of
phenol were added to each 100  ml  of syrup) was placed on a glass slide. A
drop of superconcentrate from  the bottom of the test tube was placed in the
ring.  This solution was thoroughly mixed and topped with a coverglass. After
the syrup at the edges of the  coverglass had hardened, the excess  was scraped
away and the mount was sealed  with clear fingernail polish.  Permanent diatom
slides were prepared by drying sample material on a coverglass, heating in a
muffle furnace at 400° C for 45 minutes, and mounting in Hyrax®.  Finally, the
mounts were sealed with clear  fingernail polish.

     Backup samples, library samples, permanent sample slides, and
Hyrax^mounted diatom slides are being stored and maintained at the
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory-Las Vegas.


EXAMINATION

     The phytoplankton samples were examined with the aid of binocular
compound microscopes.  A preliminary examination was performed to precisely
identify and list all forms encountered.  The length of this examination
varied depending on the complexity of the sample.  An attempt was made to  find
and identify all of the forms  present in each sample.  Often forms were
observed which could not be identified to species or to genus.  Abbreviated
descriptions were used to keep a record of these forms (e.g., lunate cell,
blue-green filament, Navicula  #1).  Diatom slides were examined using a
standard light microscope.  If greater resolution was essential to accurately
identify the diatoms, a phase-contrast microscope was used.

     After the species list was compiled, phytoplankton were enumerated using
a Neubauer Counting Chamber with a 40X objective lens and a 10X ocular lens.
All forms within each field were counted.  The count was continued until a
minimum of 100 fields had been viewed, or until the dominant form had been
observed a minimum of 100 times.
•Registered trademark

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QUALITY CONTROL

     Project phycologists performed internal quality control intercomparisons
regularly on 7 percent of the species identification and counts.  Although an
individual had primary responsibility for analyzing a sample, taxonomic
problems were discussed among the phycologists.

     Additional quality control  checks were performed on the Survey samples by
Dr. G. W. Prescott of the University of Montana at the rate of 5 percent.
Quality control checks were made on 75 percent of these samples to verify
species identifications while checks were made on the remaining 25 percent of
the samples to verify genus counts.  Presently, the agreement between quality
control checks for species identification and genus enumerations is
satisfactory.

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                                   RESULTS


     A phytoplankton species list for the State 1s presented in Appendix A.
Appendix B summarizes all of the phytoplankton data collected from the State
by the Survey.  The latter is organized by lake, and includes an alphabetical
phytoplankton species list with concentrations for individual species given  by
sampling date.  Results from the application of several  indices are presented
(Nygaard's Trophic State, Palmer's Organic Pollution, and species diversity
and abundance).  Each lake has been assigned a four-digit STORET number.
(STORET (STOrage and RETrieval) is the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's
computer system which processes and maintains water quality data.)  The first
two digits of the STORET number identify the State; the last two digits
identify the lake.


NYGAARD'S TROPHIC STATE INDICES

     Five indices devised by Nygaard (1949) were proposed under the assumption
that certain algal groups are indicative of levels of nutrient enrichment.
These indices were calculated in order to aid in determining the surveyed
lakes' trophic status.  As a general rule, Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta, centric
diatoms, and members of the Chlorococcales are found in waters that are
eutrophic (rich in nutrients), while desmids and many pennate diatoms
generally cannot tolerate high nutrient levels and so are found in
oligotrophic waters (poor in nutrients).

     In applying the indices to the Survey data, the number of taxa in each
major group was determined from the species list for each sample.  The ratios
of these groups give numerical values which can be used as a biological index
of water richness.  The five Indices and the ranges of values established for
Danish lakes by Nygaard for each trophic state are presented in Table 2.  The
appropriate symbol, (E) eutrophic and (0) oligotrophic, follows each
calculated value 1n the tables in Appendix B.  A question mark (?) following a
calculated value in these tables was entered when that value was within the
range of both classifications.


PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES

     Palmer (1969) analyzed reports from 165 authors and developed algal
pollution indices for use in rating water samples with high organic pollution.
Two lists of organic-pollut1on-tolerant forms were prepared, one containing
20 genera, the other, 20 species (Tables 3 and 4).  Each form was assigned a
pollution index number ranging from 1 for moderately tolerant forms to 6 for

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  TABLE 2.  NYGAARD'S TROPHIC STATE INDICES ADAPTED  FROM HUTCHINSON  (1967)
Index
      Calculation
01 igotrophic     Eutropmc
Myxophycean


Chiorophycean


Di atom


Euglenophyte


Compound
      Myxophyceae
       Desmideae

      Chlorococcales
        Desmideae

      Centric Diatoms
      Pennate Diatoms

       Euglenophyta
Myxophyceae + Chlorococcales

Myxophyceae + Chlorococcales +
Centric Diatoms + Euglenophyta
        Desmideae
  0.0-0.4


  0.0-0.7


  0.0-0.3


  0.0-0.2


  0.0-1.0
0.1-3.0


0.2-9.0


0.0-1.75


0.0-1.0


1.2-25
TABLE 3.  ALGAL GENUS POLLUTION INDEX
          (Palmer 1969)
                           TABLE 4.  ALGAL SPECIES POLLUTION
                                     INDEX (Palmer 1969)
Genus
Anacystis
Ankistrodesmus
Chlamydomonas
Chlorella
Closterium
Cyclotella
Euglena
Gomphonema
Lepocinclis
Melosira
Micractinium
Navicula
Nitzschia
Oscillatori a
Pandorina
Phacus
Phormidium
Scenedesmus
Stigeoclonium
Synedra
Pollution
Index
1
2
4
3
1
1
5
1
1
1
1
3
3
5
1
2
1
4
2
2
Species
Ankistrodesmus falcatus
Arthrospira jenneri
Chlorella vulgaris
Cyclotella meneghiniana
Euglena sracilis
Euglena viridis
Gomphonema parvulum
Melosira varians
Navicula cryptocephala
Nitzschia acicularis
Nitzschia palea
Oscillatori a chlorina
Oscillatori a limosa
Oscillatori a princeps
Oscillatoria putrida
Oscillatori a tenuis
Pandorina morum
Scenedesmus quadricauda
Stigeoclonium tenue
Synedra ulna
Pollution
Index
3
2
2
2
1
6
1
2
1
1
5
2
4
1
1
4
3
4
3
3

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extremely tolerant forms.  Palmer based the index numbers on  occurrence
records and/or where emphasized by the authors as being  especially  tolerant of
organic pollution.

     In analyzing a water sample, any of the 20 genera or species of  algae
present in concentrations of 50 per milliliter or more are recorded.   The
pollution index numbers of the algae present are totaled, providing a genus
score and a species score.  Palmer determined that a  score of 20 or more for
either index can be taken as evidence of high organic pollution, while a score
of 15 to 19 is taken as probable evidence of high organic pollution.  Lower
figures suggest that the organic pollution of the sample is not  high, that the
sample is not representative, or that some substance  or  factor interfering
with algal persistence is present and active.


SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES

     "Information content" of biological  samples is being used commonly by
biologists as a measure of diversity.  Diversity in this connection means the
degree of uncertainty attached to the specific identity  of any randomly
selected individual.  The greater the number of taxa  and the  more equal their
proportions, the greater the uncertainty, and hence,  the diversity  (Pielou
1966).  There are several methods of measuring diversity, e.g., the formulas
given by Brillouin (1962) and Shannon and Weaver (1963).  The method  which is
appropriate depends on the type of biological sample  on  hand.

     Pielou (1966) classifies the types of biological samples and gives the
measure of diversity appropriate for each type.  The  Survey phytoplankton
samples are what she classifies as larger samples (collections in Pielou 's
terminology) from which random subsamples can be drawn.   According  to Pielou,
the average diversity per Individual (H)  for these types of samples can be
estimated from the Shannon-Wiener formula (Shannon and Weaver 1963):

                                S

                         H  *  -£
                               1*1
                                   P1 lQ9x Pi
where P 1s the proportion of the 1th taxon in the sample, which 1s calculated
from nj/N; n} 1s the number of Individuals per milliliter of the 1th
taxon; N is the total number of Individuals per ml; and S is the total  number
of taxa.  However, Basharin (1959) and Pielou (1966) have pointed out that H
calculated from the subsample 1s a biased estimator of the sample H, and If
this bias 1s to be accounted for, we must know the total  number of taxa
present 1n the sample since the magnitude of this bias depends on it.

     Pielou (1966) suggests that 1f the number of taxa 1n the subsample falls
only slightly short of the number 1n the larger sample, no appreciable error
will  result In considering S, estimated from the subsample, as being equal  to
the sample value.  Even though considerable effort was made to find and
Identify all  taxa, the Survey samples undoubtedly contain a fair number of
rare phytoplankton taxa which were not encountered.

                                      8

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     In the Shannon-Wiener formula, an Increase  in  the  number  of taxa and/or
an increase in the evenness of the distribution  of  individuals among taxa will
increase the average diversity per individual  from  its  minimal value of zero.
Sager and Hasler (1969)  found that the richness  of  taxa was of minor
importance in determination of average diversity per  individual for
phytoplankton and they concluded that phytoplankton taxa in excess of the 10
to 15 most abundant ones have little effect on H.   This was verified by our
own calculations.  Our counts are in number per  milliliter and since
logarithms to the base 2 were used in our calculations, H is expressed in
units of bits per individual.  When individuals  of  a  taxon were so rare that
they were not counted, a value of 1/130 per milliliter  or 0.008 per milliliter
was used in the calculations since at least one  individual of  the taxon must
have been present in the collection.

     A Survey sample for a given lake represents a  composite of all
phytoplankton collected at different sampling sites on  the lake during a given
sampling period.  Since the number of samples (M) making up a  composite is a
function of both the complexity of the lake sampled and its size, it should
affect the richness-of-taxa component of the diversity  of our  phytoplankton
collections.  The maximum diversity (MaxH) (i.e., when  the individuals are
distributed among the taxa as evenly as possible) was estimated from Iog2 S
(Pielou 1966), while the minimum diversity (MinH),  was  estimated  from the
formula:
               HinH
given by Zand (1976).  The total  diversity (D)  was calculated from HN (Pielou
1966).  Also given in Appendix B are L (the mean number of individuals per
taxa per milliliter) and K (the number of individuals per milliliter of the
most abundant taxon in the sample).

      The evenness component of diversity (J) was estimated from H/MaxH
(Pielou 1966).  Relative evenness (RJ) was calculated from the formula:
                              RJ  _   H-MinH
                                     MaxH-MinH
given by Zand (1976).  Zand suggests that RJ be used as a substitute for both
J and the redundancy expression given by Wilhm and Dorris (1968).  As pointed
out by Zand, the redundancy expression given by Wilhm and Dorris does not
properly express what it is intended to show, i.e., the position of H in the
range between MaxH and MinH.  RJ may range from 0 to 1; being 1  for the most
even samples and 0 for the least even samples.

((    Zand (1976) suggests that diversity indices be expressed in units of
 sits , i.e., in logarithms to base S (where S is the total  number of taxa in
the sample) instead of in "bits", i.e., in logarithms to base 2.  Zand points
out that the diversity index in sits per individual  is  a normalized number
ranging from 1 for the most evenly distributed samples  to 0  for  the least
evenly distributed samples.  Also, it can be used to compare different
samples, independent of the number of taxa in each.   The diversity in bits per

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individual  should not be used in direct comparisons  involving  various  samples
which have different numbers of taxa.   Since MaxH  equals  log S, the  expression
in sits is equal  to logs S, or 1.  Therefore diversity  in sits per
individual  is numerically equivalent to J,  the  evenness component for  the
Shannon-Wiener formula.
SPECIES OCCURRENCE AND ABUNDANCE

  The alphabetic phytoplankton species list  for each lake,  presented  in
Appendix B, gives the concentrations of individual  species  by sampling date.
Concentrations are in cells, colonies, or filaments (CEL, COL,  FIL) per
milliliter.  An "X" after a species name indicates  that the species identified
in the preliminary examination was in such a low concentration  that it did not
appear in the count.  A blank space indicates that  the  organism was not  found
in the sample collected on that date.  Column S is  used to  designate  the
examiner's subjective opinion of the five dominant  taxa in  a sample,  based
upon relative size and concentration of the  organism.   The  percent column (%C)
presents, by abundance, the percentage composition  of each  taxon.
                                    10

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                              LITERATURE  CITED


Basharin, G. P.  1959.   On a statistical  estimate  for  the  entropy of  a
     sequence of independent random variables,  pp.  333-336.   In: Theory of
     Probability and Its Applications (translation  of  "Teoriya  Veroyatnosei i
     ee Premeneniya").   N. Artin (ed).   4.   Society for Industrial  and
     Applied Mathematics, Philadelphia.

Brillouin, L.  1962.  Science and Information Theory (2nd  ed.). Academic
     Press, New York.  351 pp.

Hutchinson, 6. E.  1967.  A Treatise on Limnology.   II.  Introduction to  Lake
     Biology and the Limnoplankton.  John Wiley and Sons,  Inc., New York.
     1,115 pp.

Nygaard, G.  1949.  Hydrobiological studies of some Danish ponds and lakes.
     II.   (K danske Vidensk. Selsk.)  Biol. Sci. 7:293.

Palmer,  C. M.  1969.  A composite rating of algae tolerating organic
     pollution.  J. Phycol.  5:78-82.

Pielou,  E.  C.  1966.  The measurement of diversity  in different types of
     biological collections.  J. Theor. Biol.  13:131-144.

Prescott,  G. W.  1970.   How to  Know the Freshwater  Algae.  William C. Brown
     Company,  Dubuque.   348 pp.

Sager, P.  E.,  and  A. D.  Hasler.  1969.   Species diversity in lacustrine
     phytoplankton.  I.   The components  of  the  index  of diversity
     from  Shannon's  formula.  Amer.  Natur.   103(929):51-59.

Shannon, C.  E.,  and  W.  Weaver.   1963.   The  Mathematical Theory of  Commu-
     nication.  University of  Illinois  Press,  Urbana.   117  pp.

 U.S. Environmental  Protection  Agency.   1975. "  National  Eutrophication Survey
      Methods 1973-1976.   Working Paper No.  175.   Environmental Monitoring  and
      Support Laboratory, Las Vegas,  Nevada, and  Corvallis Environmental
      Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon.  91  pp.

 Wilhm, V.  L., and  T.  C.  Dorris.  1968.   Biological  parameters  for  water
      quality criteria.   Bio-Science.  18:477.

 Zand,  S. M.  1976.  Indexes associated with information theory in  water
      quality.  J.  Water Pollut. Contr. Fed.  48(8):2026-2031.
                                      11

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                  APPENDIX A




PHYTOPLANKTON SPECIES LIST FOR THE STATE OF IOWA
                      12

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Aohnanthea sp.
Aotinaatrum hantzeohii
Amphora sp.
Anabaena planotonioa
Anabaena apiroidea
Anabaenopaia oircularie
Anabaenopaia rooiborakii
Ankiatrodeamua faloatua
Aphanizomenon floe-aquae
Aphanizomenon floe-aquae
   v. graaile
Aphanooapaa delioatieaima
Aphanooapaa elaahiata
Aphanooapaa elaohiata
   v. planotonioa
Aphanotheoe castagnei
Aphanothece olathrata
Arthrodesmus sp.
Aeterionella formosa
Botryooocous braunii
Caloneis amphisbaena
Caloneis lewisii
   v. inflata
Carteria sp.
Ceratiwn hirundinella
Ceratium hirundi-nella
   v. furcoides
Cevatiwn hivundinella
   v. Tobustum
Chilomonas ? paramaeoiim
Chlamydomonas pseudopertyi.
Chlorogoniwn sp.
Chroooooaus diepereus
Chroocoocu.8 diaperaus
   v. minor
Chrooooaaua linrnetioua
Chroomonaa nordatedtii
Cloateriopaia longiaaima
Cloaterium graoi-le ?
Cooooneia plaeentula
Coaooneie plaoentula
   v. euglypta
Coelaetrwn oambrioum
Coelaatrum combricum
   v. intermedium
Coelaatrum reticulatw
Coelaatrum aphaerioum
Coeloaphaerium minutiaaimum
Coeloaphaerium naegelianum
Coamarium olepaydra
   v. nanian
Cruoigenia apiaulata
Cruoigenia quadrata
Cruoigenia reotangularie
Cruoigenia tetrapedia
Cryptomonaa eroaa
Cryptomonaa moraaonii
Cryptomonaa ovata
Cryptomonaa reflexa
Cyalotella meneghiniana
Cylindroapermum stagnate ?
Cymatopleura elliptiaa
Cymatopleura aolea
Cymbella affinia
Cymbella triangulum
Daotyloooaoopaia irregularia
Diatoma vulgare
Diotyoaphaerium pulahellum
Dinobyron aylindrioum
Dinobyron divergena
Dinobyron aertuloria
Dinobyron aooiale
Elakatothrix gelatinoaa
Epithemia turgida
Errerella ? bornhemieneie
Euaatrum dentioulatum
Eudorina elegana
Euglena aoua
Euglena deses
Euglena graoilia
Euglena oxyuria
Euglena aoiotensia  ?
Euglena apiroidea
Euglena tripterie
Eunotia graoilia
Frogiloria oonatruena
Frogilaria orotoneneia
Fragiloria intermedia
Franoeia sp.
Glenodinium aoiouliferum
Glenodinium gymnodinium
Glenodinium gymnodinium
   v. biaautelliforme
Glenodinium ooulatum
Gloeooyatia veaiouloaa
Golenkinia sp.
Gomphonema aouminatum
   v. ooronata
                                     13

-------
Gomphonema oonstriotum
Gomphonema parvulum
Gomphosphaeria
Gymnodinium albulum
Gymnodinium ovdinatum
Gyrosigma sp.
Kirokneriella elongata
Kirohneriella lunaris
   v. irregu laris
Lagerheimia oitriformis
Lepoainolis aouta ?
Lepooinolis butsohlii
Lyngbya oiraumoreta
Lyngbya limnetiaa
Mallomonas aoaroides
Mastogloia sp.
Melosira die tans
Melosira granulata
Melosira granulata
   v. angustissima
Melosira granulata
   v. angustissima f. spiralie
Melosira island-lea
Melosira various
Merismopedia minima
Merismopedia punatata
Merismopedia tenuissima
Mesostigma viridie
Microcystis aeruginosa
Miorooystis ineerta
Microoystis stagnalis
Naviaula eryptocephala
Navicula cuepidata
Navicula ouepidata
   v. ambigua
Naviaula exigua
Naviaula zanoni
Nitssahia acicularis
Nitzsahia filiformis
Nitzsohia holsatica
Nitzsohia palea
NostOQ  sp.
Oocystie submarina
Oaoillatoria agardhii
Oscillatoria  linrnetioa
Oeoillatoria aubbrevis
Pandorina morum
Pediastrum bioaudata
   v.  longecornutum
Pediaatvum boryonum
Pediastnon duplex
Pediastrum duplex
   v. clathratttm
Pediastrum duplex
   v. retiaulaizum
Pediastrum kawraiskyi
Pediastrum simplex
Pediastrum tetras
Pediastrum tetras
   v. tetraodon
Peridinium einctum
Peridinium inaonspiowm
Peridinium quadridens
Peridinium umbonatum
Phaaus aauminatus
Phaaus caudatus
Phaaus longiaauda
Fhacus megalopsis
Phacus nordstedtii
Phaaus orbiaularis ?
Phaeus pleuroneotes
Phaaus pseudonordstedtii
Phacus pyrum
Phacus tortus
Phormidium muaicola
Pinnularia sp.
Polyedriopsis sp.
Pteromonas angulosa
Quadrigula sp.
Raphidiopsis curvata
Rhoioosphenia sp.
Rhopalodia gibba
Saenedesmus abundane
Soenedesmus acuminatus
Soenedesmus arouatus
Saenedesmus bioaudatus
Saenedesmus bijuga
Saenedesmus bijuga
   v. flexuosus
Soenedesmus dentiaulatus
Saenedesmus dimorphus
Soenedesmus granulatus
   v.  longispina  f. granulata
Soenedesmus intermedium
Soenedesmus intermedius
   v. bioaudatus
Soenedesmus protuberans
Soenedesmus quadrioauda
Soenedesmus quadrioauda
   v. biornatue  f. gigantious
                                      U

-------
Soenedesmus quadricauda
   v. quadrispina
Soenedesmus reniforme
Schizochlamys ? compacta
Schroederia setigera
Spermatozoopsis sp.
Sphaerocystis schroeteri
Spirogyra sp.
Staurastrum ahaetooerus
Staurastrum tetraoenm
StauToneis
Stephanodiseus astraea
Stephanodisous hantzsohii ?
Stephanodiscus niagarae
Surirella angustata
Synedra aeus
Synedpa ulna
Tetraedron aaudatum
Tetraedron oaudatim
   v. longecornutum
Tetraedron constriction
Tetraedron hastatwn
Tetraedron minimum
   v. scrobiculatum
Tetraedron muticum
Tetraedron regulare
Tetraedron regulare
   v. incus
Tetrastrwn elegans
Tetrastnan heteracanthum
Tetrastrwn staurogeniaeforme
Trachelomonas atomaria
Trachelomonas ensif era
   v. javanica
Trachelomonas fluviatilis
Trachelomonas gibberosa
Trachelomonas intermedia
Trachelomonas oblonga
Trachelomonas planctonica
Trachelomonas pulchella
Trachelomonas scabra
Trachelomonas urceolata
Trachelomonas volvocina
Treubaria sp.
Westella botryoides ?
                                       15

-------
                 APPENDIX B.  SUMMARY OF  PHYTOPLANKTON DATA


     This appendix was generated  by computer.   Because it  was  only  possible  to
use upper case letters in the printout, all  scientific names are printed  in
upper case and are not italicized.

     The alphabetic phytoplankton lists  include taxa without species  names
(e.g., EUNOTIA, EUNOTIA #1, FLAGELLATE,  FLAGELLATES, MICROCYSTIS INCERTA  ?,
CHLOROPHYTAN COCCOID CELLED COLONY).  When  species determinations were  not
possible, symbols or descriptive  phrases  were  used to separate taxa for
enumeration purposes.  Each name  on a list,  however, represents a unique
species different from any other  name on  the same list, unless otherwise
noted, for counting purposes.

     Numbers were used to separate  unidentified species of the same genus.   A
generic name listed alone is also a unique  species.  A question mark  (?)  is
placed immediately after the portion of  a name which was assigned with
uncertainty.  Numbered, questioned, or otherwise designated taxa were
established on a lake-by-lake basis; therefore NAVICULA #2 from lake  A  cannot
be compared to NAVICULA #2 from lake B.   Pluralized categories (e.g.,
FLAGELLATES, CENTRIC DIATOMS, SPP.) were  used  for counting purposes when  taxa
could not be properly differentiated on  the counting chamber.
                                   ERRATA

     Minimum and evenness are misspelled in  the computer printout of the
species diversity and abundance indices data.
                                     16

-------
LAKF NA*t: A.Houabi
STOPFT DUMBER:  1901
         DAT?

  MYXOPHYCEAN
THLOROPHYCFAN
                                               NYGAABO TROPHIC  ST4TP INDIrF<;

                                                 04  IT 74   07  72 7*  JO 25 7*

                                                                      3.50 c
                                     COMPOUND
                  3ni  n
                  o.SO  E
                  0.51  E
                  5.0"»  F
           6.00 ?
           1.39 E
           0.4? e
           O.T5 E
           13.1 <=
                                                                      ^.OT F
                                                                      0. 1 5 ?
                                                                      ?.00 F
                                         DAT?

                                        GENUS
                                      SPECIE'
      ORGANIC POLLUTION

   17 74  07 02 74   0« 25  7

     05        09        06
                                          SP=CIF?;  DIVPBSITY  AN" APUNDANCC
                               DIVERSITY
                                 HF TAXA
                   OF  SAMPLES COMPOSITED
                       ^AXI^UM DIVERS! TY
                       MINU"U« "TVFRSITY
                         TOTAL DIVERSITY
          TOTAt  NUMBER  OF  INDIVIDUALS/ML
                               COMPONENT
                                                       74
        MEAN NDMBEP  HF  I\OIVTOUALS/TAXA
       NUMBER/ML  PP  MOST AflUNCAMT TAXON
   I.00
   3.91
   0. II
3324.6?
1346. •)>
   0.65
   0.64
  96.14
 475.00
                           0T 02 T*

                              2.6?
                             21.00
                              l.OC
                              4.10
                              0.13
                           5067.0^
                              0.60
                              0.50

                            575.00
   2.36
  27.00
   1.00
   4.4ft

3994.00
1*. •?•).•)">

   0^5?
  75. "JO
 768.00
                                      17

-------
L»KF N»E:  AHQUABI
SIltF7 NUMBER;  1901
                                   C1NTINUFT
                                                     ! 7  74
T1XA '1*«
4SA6AEN4 PIL
A*«APAC*A *1 CTL
ANA6ACM "LANCTONICA " I L
AE>H A". * ^.THCNON FLOS-&OUAF FIL
« ', TFO irwfLLA >=naMCSA ^FL
CSLTJr IS L5WI5II
V. IN^LATA CfL
CFNTOJC DIATOM CFL
CE°ATIU" HIHINO1NF.LLA TPL
r LCSTC"IU»< HI CFL
Cicrnrn CHOYSOPHYTAN CFL
CC15LASTOU" CAM8H1CU" COL
CC1FLOSPH»?91UM NAEGEl I4NUM COL
C°UCIrjEMA «P!CULATA COL
^RYDT^inNAS F'OSA CFL
^OYPTiMONAS »EeLFXA CFL
FIJOCB!"1A F.LEGAN5 COL
-L»Get-LAT6 «1 CfL
P-AGI'AOIA CFL
L^PCCT'lCLIS CFL
L»NcavA CIL
"SLLCTN4S ACASOIDES rFL
irLOSICA OPANUtATA CFL
V. 1'OUSTISSIMA CFL
wcl."15!EAVAOIA*!S C?L
»i;6.->rvSTIS «F.»'JttlNnS4 C"L
^rT/CTMIAflJ TFL
o, | T 2SC MI A »2 CFL
•il'ISCHIA »3 CFL
•1! '?«CHIA «* CFL
•rSTOT CFL
'."'YSTI^ Cfl
" Sr IL'.ATORIA AGARCHI1 c !L
'.:Sr IL' ATOBJA LlMNfYJCA F|L
1, •'TICUl.ATII*' COl
»*F.en<"3NAS ANGULOSA CFL
^ENFIESMUS A.RCUATHS mi
SC-'Oeo€«I» SETIGEP* CFl
S»M«fOfCYSTlS SCHRPfTFRI COt
5TJ|JP"ST»IJM CH*FTOCF°US CFL
Svs«no» UL»g» CFL
rs tCHCLOMONAS ATOMARIt CFl
* s *rHeLC**ONAS INTEPUEDIA CFL
TJlCMCLrNONAS 0910NG* CFL
T»ACMCLONONAS PLANCTHNICA CFL
'INI TS 1 'IN! Te i.l'i'*'



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                                          18

-------
LAKE NAME: BIG CREEK
STOPFT NUMBERS 190?
                                 OAT =

                          MYXOPHYCEAN
                        CHLOROPHYCEAN
                         EUGLENOPHYTc
                                    COMPQUNO
                                               NYGAARO TROPHIC STATE

                                                Q4 1*  74  07 09 '4  01 ?5 74
                                                 0/1
                                                 02/0
                                                 1.00
                                                 1.4)
                                          06/0  E
                11/1 F
                0/0  n
                1 .00 F
                1.51 E
                03/0 *
                      ?.00
                      0/05
                                                                     7.00 F
                                            P»L*Fp»S  ORGANIC PHLLUTION

                                         OAT?    04 I?  74  07 09 74  09 ?S 74
                                      SPECIES
                                              01
                    00
                          00
                                         DAT?

                       iVERAGF DIVERSITY     H
                         NUMBER OF TAX A     S
           NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED     «
                       MAXIMUM DIVERSITY  MAX"
                       "fNUMUM DIVERSITY  «UNH
                        TOTAL DIVERSITY     •>
         TOTAL NUMPER  OF INDIVIDUALS/ML
                       CVFNESS COMPONENT
                                         S  DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE

                                         04 IP  74  07 09 74  09 25 74
 MEAN NUMBEB
NUMBER /ML PP
                    n*=  INOIVIOUALS/TAXA
                    "IST  ABUNDANT  TftXON
 V
 .1
RJ
 L
 K
    1.81

    ?.00
    4.25
    0.0?
13274.40
16593.00
    0.19
    D.I 9

14P87.00
   1.21
   7.00
   2.00

   0.06
1317.60
109P.OO
   0.43
   ").42

 595 .00
   1.58
  20.00
   ?.00
   4.3?
   0.1 4
2629.12
1664.00
   0.37
   1.35
  93. ?0
1167.00
                                        19

-------
LAKE NAME! BIG CIIEFK
STORET NUMBED I 1907
TAX*

AMKISTROOESNUS FAlfATUS
APHWIZOMENON FLOS-AQUAE
APHANOTHECE CASTAGNEI
ASTERIONELU F0« NCSA
CEftATIUM HIAUNOINEILA
 f. RPBUSTUN
CHILONONAS T PARAMAECIUM
CHLAMVnOMONAS
CHIOROPHVTAN FIAGEUATE
CnCCONEIS PIACENTULA
 V. EU6LVPTA
COEIASTRUN CAHBRICUM
COSMAP (UN II
CRVPTONONAS ft
CRYPTOMONAS 12
comnMONAS EP.OSA
CRYPTOMONAS REFLEXA
CYMATOPLEURA SOLEA
DINOftRYON SEKTULAP.U
EUOCPIN* ELECANS
EUGI.ENA
FIAGEUATE ft
Fl»GFll»TE iT
FRAGILADIA CROTONENSIS
GlEWlniNIUM ACICUIIFERUN
GlENOnlNlUN OCW.ATUH
GLCIEOCVSm VESICULOSA
GOMPHONEMA
GYNNOOIN1UN OROINATUN
HflCSIMA
NFIOSIRA GRANM.ATA
NAVICULA
NITISCHIA II
OSCILLATOR I* LIMNETIC A
PANOWINA MODIM
PEOIAfTRUN MIPIEX
PHACUS rmicuiARts i
RHOICnSPHENIA
SCFNEOESNUS OUAORICAUO*
 V. QUAORISPINA
STFPHANOOISCUS ASTRAEA
STEPHANODISCUS HANTISCHII 7
TRACHFIQMONAS

  TOTAL
                                    CONTINUFO
FORM

 ciT~
 Fll
 cm.
 CEL

 ca
 CEL
 CEL
 CEl

 CEL
 COL
 CEL
 CEL
 CEl
 ta
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 ca
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                                                  0*  IS  T4
                                                                    OT 0*  7*
                                                                                     0*
1 ALGAl
1 UNITS
IS tC PEP. HI
1*1 1.51 290


















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125

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291

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42

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166
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                                                   16593
                                                                                      1*64
                                               20

-------
LAKE NAME: BLACK HAWK
STCRFT NUMBER: 190*
  «YXOPHYCEAN
CKLOPQPHYCF.AN
 F.UGLFNOPHYTF
       OIATO*(
     COMPOUND
                                               MYGAARO TPOPHIC STATE  !NOIrcS


                                                }«. l<> 7«,  !J7  -)3  7*   39  75  74
                                        04/0  F
                                        I?>M  =
                                        0.10  ?
                                        0.83  E
                                        26/1  F
            7.00 F
            4.67 e
            0.10 ?
            0.7? ?
            8.00 F
                                                                      ''.00
                                                                      «>.o>
                                                                      0.?3
                                                                      LA*
                                                                      19. •>
              PALMER'S  ORGANIC  POLLUTION INDI'ES


         DATE    14  19  74  37  03 74  09 25 74


                                06
                                        GENUS
                                      SPFCIFS
      16
      11
                                                                27

                                                                76
                                          SPECIES OWERSITY  AND  ABUNDANCE
                               OATF

                     •DIVERSITY
                       IF  TAXA
  NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPQSIT60
             MAXIMUM TWERSITY MAXH
             •aiNU^U* DIVERSITY
               TOTAL CMVFBSTTY
TOTAL NUMBER, OF INOI VI DUALS/ML
 04
                                                       74   07  03  74  0<» 25 74
        MEAN  NUMBER  OF  INOIVIO-JALS/TAXA
       NUMBER/ML  CF  MOST ABUNCA^T TAXON
H
S
M
fH
IM
0
M
J
»J
L
2.77
3". 00
2.00
5.29
0.01
163690.38
59094.00
0.-52
0.53
1515.23
2.39
39.00
2.00
5.29
0.02
60052.16
25232.00
0.45
0.45
646.97
3.05
47.00
2.00
5.55
0.01
165663. flO
54316.00
0.*>K
0.55
1 ! 5 5 . f 6
20231.00   9323.00   2309?.00
                                       21

-------
LAKE NAPE I BLACK HAWK
STORET NUMBER I  1403
TAX*

ACTINASTRUM
ANABAFNA
ANABAFNOPSIS CIRCULAR IS
ANABAFNOPSIS RACIBORSKII
ANKISTROOeSMUS FAUATUS
APHANIIOMENON FLOS-AQUAE
APHANKOMENON FLOS-AQUAE
 V. GOACILE
APHANOCAPSA ELACHISTA
APHANOTHECE
ASTER IONELLA FORMOSA
CERATIUM HIRUNOINELIA
 F. FURCOIDES
CHLAMYDOMONAS
CHUOOCOCCUS OISPERSUS
CHOOOCOCCUS OISPEHSUS
 V. MINOR
CinSTERIOPSIS
CLOSTERIOPSIS 7 LONGISSIMA
CLOSTERIUM
CLOSTERIUM II
CLOSTFRIUM 12
ClOSTfRIUM SPP.
COCCONEIS
COEL ASTRUM CAMBRICUM
COSMARIUM
CRUCICENIA TETRAPEOIA
CRYPTONONAS
CRVPTPMOMAS EROSA
CRYPTPMONAS REFLFXA
CRYPTONONAS SPP.
CYTiniEllA MENF6MIN1ANA
CVMATOPLEURA WLEA
CYMBEllA TRUN6ULUM
OAcmococcopsis
DICTmSPHAERIUM
ELAKATOTHRIX
ELAKATOTHRIX GELATINOS*
EPITHEMIA TURGIOA
EMF.RFIIA 7 BORNHENIENSIS
EUCLENA
FLAGELLATE II
FLAGELLATES
KIRCHNERIELLA 7
LF.POCINCL1S
MELOSIRA 14
HELOSIRA GRANULATA
Mf LOS IRA GRANULATA
 V. ANGUSTISSINA
MEMSHOPEOIA MINIMA
MERISMOPEOIA TENUISSINA
MESOSTIGNA VIRIOIS
H1CROCYSTIS AERUGINOSA
MICROCYSTIS INCFRTA
NAVICULA
NAVICULA II
NIT7MHIA ACICULARIS
NITISCHIA PALEA
NOSTOC
oncvsTis
OSCIllATORIA
OSCILIATORIA II
OSCIllATORIA 12
PFOU5TPUM BORYANUH
PFOIASTRUM DUPLEX
PFniASTRUM DUPLEX
 V. RETICU.ATUN
PEOIASTRUN KAWRAISKYI
PFOU5TRUH TETRAS
PHACUS
PHACUS CAUOATUS
PHACUS MFGALOPSIS
PHACUS PYRUN 7
PINNULARIA
OUAMIGULA
SCfNEOESMUS
SCENEOESNUS ABUNOANS
SC?NF.OFSMUS ACUMINATUS
SCENtOESMIIS OINORPHUS
SCENFDESMUS INTCRMTOIUS
SCFNFOFSMUS PROTUBFRANS
                                    CONTINUEO
                                                   1*  19  T*
                                                                    OT 03
FORM
CFL
FIL
Fll
Fll
CEL
CEL

Fit
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COL
CEl

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COL

COL
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1.31 *79
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1 X
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                                             22

-------
LAKE NAME I BLACK HAWK
STO«ET
                                   CONTINUE)!
 TAXA

SCENEOESNUS QUAORICAUOA
scFNtoEsmis SPP.
SCHHOEOEDIA SETICERA
SPHAEROCVSTIS SCHROFTERI
STEPHAHOOISCUS 41
STCPHANOOISCUS 12
STFPHANOOISCUS ASTRAEA
STFPHANQOr SCOS Nl Af.ARAE
SURIRFLIA II
SWIREILA «2
TETftASTRUM ELEGANS
TETRASTRUM HETFRACANTHUM
1ETRAST>UH SPP.
IEIMSIKUH STAIMOGFNIAEFORI1E
IRACHF.IOMONAS *|
TKACHEIOMOHAS tt
TOACHEIOMONAS FLUV1ATUIS

  TOTAl
                                                  0*
                                                                    07  01  7*
                                                                                     00
FOAM
COL
COL
CEt
COL
CEL
CEL
ca
CFL
CEL
CFL
COL
COL
COL
COL
CEL
CEl
CEL
ALGAL
UNITS
S »C 'EH Nl






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X
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X



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29232
                 5*31 *
                                              23

-------
LAKE NAME: CLEAH
STCPET NUMBER: 1904
                                               NYGAA*0 TROPHIC  STATE  INOIrF<;

                                         OATC   -)4 jq 74   37  r)i 74   jq  ?1 74
                                  MYXOPHYCEAN
                                 EUGLENOPHYTC
                                       OI4TOM
                                     COMPOUND
                                         3.50  E
                                         5.5^  F
                                         O.OA  ?
                                         0.5")  E
                                         n. 5  p
                    3.00 F
                    •5.50 F
                    0/17 ?
                    0.43 *
                    10. 0 «=
12.0
12.")
0/?4
1.00
?6.0
     PALMEP'S ORGANIC  POLLUTION

 OATC   04 1* 74   07 03  74  09 23 74

GFNUS        14
                                                               Ofc
                                                               04
                                                                  0'
                                                                  no
                                          SPECIES DIVERSITY AND  APUNO&NC*=

                                                04 18 74  07 03  74   0"»  ?3  74
                      AVERAGE  DIVERSITY
                         NUMBER OF  TJXA
           NUMBER OF SiPPLFS COMPOSTTFO
 TOTAL NU«BFB
                        TOTAL  DIVERSITY
                      OF  INOIVIOUALS/ML
                               COMPONENT
MEAN NUMBER
         OF
                    OF INDI V IOUAL S/TA XA
                    MOST  ABUNCIMT
H
S
M
XM
N*
r)
V
J
BJ
L
<
2.94
33.00
3.00
5.04
0.03
44667.42
15193.00
0.58
0.59
460.?9
5340,00
2.7fl
39.00
>.oo
5.?9
0.04
39815.16
14322.00
0.53
0.53
367.2?
5919.00
2.2?
32.00
3.00
5.0-)
0.0?
35453.40
15970.00
0.44
0.45
499. Of,
813?. 00
                                          24

-------
 LAKE  HAW I CltAR
 STORET  NUMBER I  1904
COMTINUEO
                                                  04 It 74
                                                                   OT 01 7*
                                                                                    09 73 T»
 TAXA

ACTINASTRUM
ANAHAENA PLANCTONICA
ANARAFNA SPIROIOES
ANKI STROBEJNUS FAICATUS
APHANOCAPSA OEUCATISSIMA
APHANOCAPSA ELACHISTA
APHANOTHECE 1
ASTERIONEllA FORMOSA
CERATIUM HIRUND1NEILA
C.HIANYOONONAS
CHROnCOCCUS LINNETICUS
CHROOMON1S NOROSTFOTII
COELOSPHAERIUN
COELOSPHtERIUM NAEGaiANUN
COSMARIUN
COSNARIUM 12
CRUCIGENIA OUADRATA
CRUCIGENIA RECTANGULAR! S
CRYPTOMQNAS
CVANOPHVTAN FILAMENT
CVNBELIA fl
CVNBELLA n
CYMBELLA SPP.
DICTYOSPHAERIUN PULCHEUUM
OINCBRYON CVIINORICUM
01 NOB R YON DIVERGENS
OINOBRYON SPP.
ELAKATOTHRIX
FlAGEllATE II
FRAfiHARIA f|
FRAGILARIA CONSTRUFNS
FRAGILARIA CROTONENSIS
GIFNOOINIUH GYNNOOINIUP
 V. BISCUTail*0«NF
QOKPHONENA CONST*ICTUN
GONPHntPHAERIA
GYNNODINIUM
KIRCHNERICLIA
LVNGBVA
IYNGBYA II
IYNGBVA HMNETICA
MELOSIRA
MELOS1RA GRAWHAT*
MELOSIRA ISLAMOICA
MEIOSIRA SPP.
MCRISMOPEOIA MINIMA
MICPOCVSTIS ? STAGNALIS
MICROCVSIIS fl
MICROCYSTIS AERUGINOSA
MICROCVSTIS INCERTA
MICROCVST1S STAGNA1IS
oncvsTis
nSCIltATORIA
PEOIASTRUH *|
FED IA STRUM BORVANUM
PEDIASTRUM nuPKX
PEOIASTRUN DUPLEX
 V. CLATHRATUM
PEOIMTRUM KAMPAISRYI
FERIOINIUM c INC TUN
RAPHIQIDPSIS CURVATA
SCENEOESMUS ft
SCENCDESNUS BIJUGA
 V. FIEXUOSUS
SCENEOESMUS OIMORPHUS
SCENEDESNUS OUAORICAUOt
SCENEDESNUS OUAORICAUOA
 V. RIORNATUS F. CIGANTICUS
KENEOESMUS SPP.
SCHOOEOEM* SETIGCPA
fPMAEROCrSTIS
STATOSPORE IOINOBRYON CIVERGENSI
STAUDASTRUM
STAURASTRUM fI
STAUP.ASTRUM fl
STAURONFIS
STFPHXNnolSCUS ASTRAEA
SVNEDRA ULNA
TETRAFDRON CAUOATUM
TRACHELOMONAS VOLVTCIN*

  TOTAL
FORM •
ca
Fll
FIL
ca
COL
COL
COL
CEl
CFl
CEl
COL
ca
cm
COL
CEL
CEL
cm
COL
CCL
Fll
CEL
CEl
ca
COL
CEL
CEl
CEL
CFl
eci
CEl
ca
CF.l
CCL
ca
COL
CEl
ca
HI
FIL
Fll
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEl
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
CEL
Fll
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
CFl
FIL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
COL
CEL
COL
CFl
CEl
ca
cei
CEl
ca
CFL
CFL
CEL
ALGAL
UNITS
S tC PER Ml







4

















1


5


3








2






































0.9



5.B








0.3

3.4
.





35.1

2.B
5.2


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0.3
0.6
1.2

2.4
0.9
22.6



0.3






0.9
0.9











0.9
0.6






X


140


X
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X


47

511




X

5340

419
793


2091


47
93
1B7

370
140
3432



47






140
46



X
X



X


140
93

X
X

1
X
0.6| 93
0.6| 93
1
AlGAl
UNITS
S TC PER HI
1 1
4| 3.31 477










3






























1

2




»






























O.B


O.B
11.2


'






1.2
0.4


1.2

O.B


3.7





1.7





41.3
1.7
22.9




J.7


0.4




1.2
0.4


0.4


1.2






1.2


0.31 47 I I





X
11"
X

119
1609

X





X
X
179
60
X
X
179
X
119
X
X
536
X
X


X
23B



X
X
5919
23B
3277




536


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X
X

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X

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S K PF.R *.
~



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X

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1.51 736
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X

X
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0.4








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X

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                                                   1»I«J
                                                                    14922
                                             25

-------
LAKE NAME* DARLING
STORET NUMBED: 1905
                                               NYGAARO T20PH1C  STATE  INDICES

                                         DATE   04 16 74  09 24 74
                                  MYXQPHYCEAN
                                CHLORDPHYCEAN
                                 EUGLENOPHVTE
                                       OlATOH
                                     COMPOUND
02/0 i
02/0 t
0.75 E
0.50 E
08/0 E
1.00 t
1.50 E
0.40 E
01/0 E
4.00 E
                                             PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION  INDICES

                                         DATE   04 16 74  09 24 74
                                        GENUS
                                      SPECIES
    09
    03
    02
    00
                                          SPECIES  DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES

                                        DATE    04 18 74  09 24 74
                      AVERAGE DIVERSITY
                         NUMBER OF  TAXA
           NUMBER  Of SAMPLES COMPOSITED
                      MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH
                      fllNUMUH DIVERSITY HINH
                        TOTAL DIVERSITY
         TOTAL  MliRBtft Of  1ND1 VlOUAlS/hl
                      1VENESS CUHPCNtM
                       RELATIVE EVENESS
       MlANNUMBik  OF INDIV1DUALS/TAXA
      NUHBLR/ML UF  HOST  ABUNDANT TAXON
H
s
M
JtH
NH
D
N
J
RJ
L
K
2.45
19.00
2.00
4.25
0.09
6220.55
2539.00
0.58
0.57
133.63
1367.00
1.45
15.00
2.00
3.91
0.03
10682.15
7367.00
0.37
0.37
491.13
5665.00
                                     26

-------
IMl N/UUi  UARUMC
SIO»€I HUHSICl 1«0»
TA«A

ANASAEHA PLAIICTONICA
ANKISKODESnUS FAICA1US.,
APHAftliiMIE MM flOS-AOUAf
ClbSKMUM
(OCCOlb  CEll
COELASIKUM CAMII11UH
                                     CCINTINUie
                                                     C* K  7*
                                                                          ?*
CKTPICftU**! iKOSA
CKTPICnONAS SPP.
CYAMOPHflAN fllAIUHl
CTCIOIltlA
OlNCBMClh OWRttNS
EUbltNA  *1
FLAGEllAU II
flttELLAIE «2
eifNOOIHIUM CIHNOblNlUH
KIRCHNthKltA
IEPOC INCUS IZ
HtlUSltA OAHU1ATA
HAV1CIII.A tt
NA¥ICUtA iff.
HA¥ICl/lA 1AMOMI
PAinEllblO CHIOKUPHTUN C&lOht
PtDIOINlUH UHSOkAIUH
OUADtlCULA
RAPHIDIO^SIS CUKVA1A
JCHlOlOiPU SltitlKA
STCfHANUDI SCU5
IIAtHUUMJHAS

   TOTAL
tORh
111
Cfl
f Jl
Cll
CEL
COL
Cll
Cfl
CEl
ru
CEl
Ctl
Clt
Cll
CEl
CEl
CEl

CEl
CEL
CCl
CEL
CEl
CEl
CEl
Cfl
COL
CEL
COl
Ml
CEl
CEl
CEl
S
1
2


*



1





3












t





ALbAl
UNI IS
tC PER HI
1
T.TI 19*
1
1
1.41 16
1
1
1 X
93. tl 1367
0.71 I*
3. SI *9
1 X
1 S
1 1
2.11 *3
3. SI •«
11.21 2»4
1
|
2.11 »3
|
2.11 »3
I
1 X
1.41 36
1 «
|
2.11 »3
1
*.4I 211
1
1
1
S


1
4



2























13
13
• 16*1
UNI IS
U Pl« HI
1 I
|
76.91 566S
O.il 40
1
o.ai »«
0.31 20
7. at »7«
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4.31 317
1
1
1 I
1
O.«l »9
1
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1
1
1
0.61 »9
1
3.31 2->
1
3.21 23*
1 2.11 )»•
1 1.11 *«
7167
                                                27

-------
IAKI HAMti LCST  ISLAND
STORE! NUMBER* 1906
                                               NYCAAKO TROPHIC STATE  INDICES

                                         DATE    C9 23 74  04 24 7t>

                                  MYXOPHYtEAN     15/1 E     2.67 £
                                CHLQRUPHVCtAN     13/0 t     3.00 k
                                 EUGLENOPHVTE     0/28 ?     C.29 E
                                       01ATOM     2.CO E     0.19 ?
                                     COMPOUND     34/0 t     8.67 E
                                             PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES

                                         DATE    09 23 74  04 24 76
                                        GENUS
                                      SPECIES
12
01
26
07
                                          SPECIES  DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES

                                         DATE    09 23 74  04 24 76
                      AVERAGE DIVERSITY    H       3.50      4.47
                         NUMblR OF  TAIA    S      41.JO     61.00
           NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED    M       2.00      1.00
                      MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH       $.36      !».93
                      KINUHUM DIVERSITY MINN       0.02      0.10
                        TOTAL DIVERSITY    0  136552.53  39680.19
         TOTAL NUNBEk OF INDIVIDUALS/ML    N   39015.00   8077.00
                      tVENESS CONPCNEKT    J       0.65      0.75
                       RELATIVE eVtKtSS   RJ       C.66      0.75
        MEAN NUMBLR OF ISO IV I DUALS/IAXA    L     951.59    145.52
       NUMBER/ML Of MOST ABUNDANT  TAXON    K    7769.00   1614.00
                                     28

-------
t»M  NAME I 10ST ISLAND
STORE I HUH eill 1906
 IA1A

 AC1IMASTRUII
 ANAhAEMA
 AHA 8 At HA tl
 ANAIAtNA *2
 ANKlSTRUUESmiS fAlCAIUS
 APHANIJUHENON ft as -AQUAE
 APHANClCAFSA T
 APHAIUllHECI ClATHKATA
 AS1ERIONELLA rOfcMlSA
 CAKIEKIA
 CEhlRU 01 » IOHS
 CHkOOCOCCUS OISPERSUS
 CbCCOMElS PLACENTULA
 COELASlRim CAHBRICUM
 COEIOSPHAERIIM
 COSRAKIUH
 CRYPIOMONAS
 CPVPIIMONAS EROSA
 CRYPU'HUNAS REFIEXA
 cfcTPihH9NAS SPP.
 CYANOPHVIAH FUAIUHT
 CYCllllEllA
 C TCLOII II A HENL6HINIANA
 CYNtEUA AFflHIS
 CVH«EUA SPP.
 DINOHfYON OlVEfcGENS
 IIAKA101HDU
 [PHMEM1A
 tUtlENA Sff.
 tUNCIIA •]
 IUN01IA CkACIll!
 [UNOTIA SPf.
 FLAtCUAIf II
                                    CONIIMUED
                                                          7*
                                                                           76
(»A(I1A»IA fir
IK AC. II APIA CR010NCN&1S
fRACllARIA INUKNIUIA
(OMPHONEnA ACUH1NA1UM
 «. CODUNATA
            PARVUIUN
6VHCISI6HA
RIRCMMRIEIIA
KIRCHMIRlilLA 11
KIRCHNIRKllA ElONCAIA
1A6IRHCIH1A CITRIIORHIS
tTMBTA  CKCUKRETA
ITNttYA  LI (WE 1 1C A
NAllUKCNAS
HASTUCUIA
NIIOSIRA
Hf I OS II A tRAMUlAIA
NELOSIRA CRAHUtAIA
 ».  AHMSTinlHA
NELOSIRA ISLAHOICA
H»KISP.Or«DIA HINIHA
NIIISDOPCOIA 1ENUISSI1A
HICROCYSIIS
MlCROtTSriS  AIRM1HUSA
HICROCYSIIS  INCERfA
NAVICULA  CUSflPAIA
HAVICWA  CUSPIMTA
 *. AH* I MA
HAVKIAA  iff.
HITISCMIA ACICUtAKli
HII1SCH1A HIKSAIICA
NIUSCMIA PAIEA
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PEDIASIkIM RAMRAISKY]
PEOIAS1RIM II HAS
PHAtUS ACUfllNAIUS
PHACUS NE6ALOPS1S
PHACUS SPP.
PHORMIDIUH 12
PHORHIOIUH KUC 1C 01 A
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RAPMI01OPS1S
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SCEHEOtSMUS  AtUHIIAHS
IURN
CEL
HI
Ml
Fit
CEL
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AlCAl
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XC PER HI
1.31 11»
1 X
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1.31 11*
1
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3.61 317
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|
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2.61 231
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6.JI S76
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2.31 202
0.31 29
4.31 403
1
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4.41 432
1 I
O.7I 3*
                                           29

-------
l*Kl MAM(l  IbSI  1SIAHB
SlUHtf HUnttHI  l9Cb
1*1*
             »CUHIH»IUS
SCtHEDtSMIS »IJUC*
SCENEOtSIUlS OUADItlCMIO*
sM*fl«iuloorsis
SP1KU6T**
STAUSASIKUH
ST»UR»SlkU« t2
SIEHH*HUtlSCUS
                                    CONIINUfO
                                                                            It,
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 fEIKtEOROM H4S141UR
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1
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1
1
1
                                                     39315
                                                                        8«77
                                         30

-------
LAKE KAHEJ HCBMlbt
STUHE1 NUNBtR*  1?C7
                                               NYbAARb  TRCPH1C  STATE  INDICES

                                         I/ATI   C4 16 74  07  03  7*.   09  21  V*
                                  MYXOPHYCEAN    Cl/0 E    3.00 t     4.CO
                                CHlORUPNYCtAN    C2/0 E    4.00 E     13.0
                                 CU&HNOPhYTE    0.33 E    0.43 t     0.24
                                       OIAIUN    3.00 E    3.00 t     0.87
                                     COMPOUND    C7/0 t    13.0 E     26.0
                                             PAlflER'S  ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES

                                        I Kit    04  IB  74  07 03 74  09 Z4 7
13U06.00
C.37
C.37
812.2'.
8889.00
1.77
20.00
3.00
4.32
O.C4
10651.86
6018.00
0.41
0.41
300.90
4077.00
3.17
45.00
3.00
5. ".9
0.07
30885.31
97s 3. 00
C.bt)
9.38
216.51
3770.00
                                   31

-------
LMI  MM I  RttRlOE
SlUltll  MUIiMR> 19C7
TAXA

AC HN AftfHCS
ANAtAENA
ANIIISIRUIItSmiS fAlCATUS
APHANlIOmiUM flUS-AOUAE
ASIEtlONIllA fORNOSA
CEM1RIC  01 AID*
CHIOROCOCCAIEAN CftL
COCCOMIS
                                    CONTINUED
                                                    C* 11 74
                                                                     07 OJ  7*
CHUCICtNU  AP1CUIA1A
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CRVPTONONAS
CRTPIGNOIUS IRUiA
             n«*ssc»iii
             REUEXA
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DACtUOCOCCOPSlS
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fUtlEN*
EUGIENA SC10TENSIS t
FlACEUAtES
IRthCIU
61[NOblMlUH
VTMNOOIHIUH *t»UtUM
IUNATI  CIll
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NllbSlt*  CK4NULATA
 V.
NtlOSlll*
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NiKISMlPlOU  TENUISSIN*
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-------
LAKE NArtE :
STORM
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                                        NYGAAfcD TRCPH1C STAH INDICES

                                  OAlt    0<.  17  74  07 ;e 7-.  0V 2V 74
                          MYHOPHYCt AM
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0.18 t
2.00 t
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1.67 t
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                                      PAIHFR'S  ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES

                                  DATE    04 17  Tt  07 C2 74  09 25 74
                                 GENUS
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                                                     Ob
                                                     00
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                                   SPECIES  PWRS1TT AND ABUNDANCE  INDICES

                                  DATE    04 17 74  07 02 74  09 2»  74
               AVfhAGE DIVERSITY
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               MAXIMUM DIVERSITY  IUXH
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                                  33

-------
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-------
LAKE KAKE:  RATHBLtN
STORET NUMBER:  1909
                                               NYGAARD TROPHIC  STATE  INDICES

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                                  35

-------
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-------
LAKl NAflEi  RIO  ROCK
STORE I NUMBER i  1910
                                               NYGAARD TROPHIC STAIE  INOICtS

                                         L'ATE   C4 16 74  07 08 74  09 24  74

                                  HrxOPHvciAM    ?.c>o t     07/0 t    3.00  f
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                                    COMPOUND    14.C E     31/0 E    17.0  E
                                            PAin£R*S  ORGANIC  POLLUTION INDICES

                                        DATE   04  1«  74  07 08  74  09 ?4  74
                                       CENUS
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19
00
19
07
21
04
                                         SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE  INDICES

                                        DATE   04 IB 74  07 08 74  09 24  74

                     AVERAGE  DIVERSITY     M      1.55      4.10      2.59
                        NUMBER OF  1AXA     S     25.00     42.00     25.00
          NUHBEft OF SABPltS COMPOSITED     N      2.00      5.00      3.00
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                     MINUMUN  DIVERSITY  NINH      0.03      0.14      C.0»
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     NUMBId/Ml  OF  HOST AEUNDANT TAXON     K   9795.00    454.00   3213.00
                                   37

-------
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-------
IAKE NAME: ROCK CRttK
STORE! NUHBfR: 1911
                                               NYGAAkD TKtlPHU  STATE  INEICfS

                                         ('ATE   C'4 19 74  07 03  7*   09  *4  7*

                                  nYXOfllYUAN    0.50 t    0/03  U     2.50  E
                                CHLOROPHVCtAN    l.u) I    0/03  U     8.50  t
                                 EUGlENDPHYfE    0.67 E    12/0  E     0.30  t
                                       DIATOM    0.43 I    0.75  t     0.67  £
                                     COMPOUND    4.00 £    5.00  I     7.50  t
                                             PAinER'S ORGANIC POILUTION  INDICES

                                         CATE   04 19 74   07 03  74   D9 Z4 74
                                        tEHUS
                                      SPECIES
07
03
10
00
Cfc
JO
                                          SPECIES DIVERSITY  AND  ABUNDANCE  INDICES

                                         DATE   04  19  74   07 03  74  09 Z4  74
                       AVEfcAGE  DIVERSITY
                          NUMBER UF TAXA
           NUMBER  Of  SAHPIES COMPOSITED
                       HAX1HUH  DIVERSITY HAXH
                       KINUhUh  DIVERSITY HINH
                         TOTAl  DIVERSITY
          10TAI NUNBCR  Lf  1NU1VIDUALS/ML
                       EVENESS  COMPONENT
                        RELATIVE EVENESS
        MEAN NUMbEK  OF iNDlVIOUAIS/TAXA
       NUHBEk/ML OF  10ST  AbUSUANT TAXON
H
s
M
XH
NH
D
N
J
RJ
I
K
0.69
24.00
2.00
4.58
0.02
12482.10
18090.00
0.15
0.15
753.75
Ib387.00
2.31
30.00
2.00
4.91
0.23
3411.87
1477.00
0.47
0.45
49.23
502.00
1.7c
26. OC
2.0C
4.7C
c.ot*
7835.52
4452.00
0.37
0.37
171.23
2759.00
                                        39

-------
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-------
LAKE NAflf :  SIIVIR
STCftEl NUftBlRi  19)2
                                               NYGAARD  TROPHIC STATE  INPICtS

                                         U*U   i'7 C3 74  09 23 7*
nvxtPHYCE AN
CHLOfttlPHYCEAN
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                                            PAIHER'S  ORGANIC  POtLUTIUN iNOlCtS

                                        DA It   C'7 C3  74   09 23  74
                                       GENUS
                                     SPECIES
        13
        07
                                                     C8
                                                     04
                                         SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE  INDICES

                                        DATE    cr 03 74  09 23 74
           AVERAbE  DIVERSITY    H
              NUMBER  OF  TAXA    S
NUMBER Of SANPIES COMPOSITfD    N
           MAXIMUM  tlltfERSITY MAXH
           NINUMUM  DIVERSITY MINH
                                 0
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21579?.19 Z29099.3Z
 87679.00 212129.00
     0.46      0.20
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                                   41

-------
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                                         42

-------
LAKE NANEs  SP1RI1
STORET NUMBER:  1913
                                               MYGAARD  TROPHIC  SI*I£  INDICES

                                         DME   04 23 Y4  07  09  7*   OO 23 7*
                                  HYJUJPHYCEAN
                                CHLORUPHYCEAN
                                 EUUENOPHYTE
                                       DIATOM
                                     CCHPOUND
  OJ/l/ £
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                                             PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES

                                         DATE    04 23 74  07 09 74  09 ?3 74

                                                               01
                                       6ENUS
                                     SPECIES
      01
      00
                07
                30
                                         SPECIES DIVERSITT  AND  ASUNDANCE INDICES
                                        DATE

                     AVERAGE  DIVERSITY    H
                        NUHBEk  OF  TAXA    S
          NUMBER UF SAMPLES CONPOSITED    H
                     HAXlftUfl  DIVERSITY MAIN
                     KINUHUfl  DIVERSITY HINH
                       TOTAL  OlVfkilTY    0
        TOTAL  NUMBER Of INK!VIOUAIS/HL    N
                     EVENESS  CCMPOKCNT    J
                      RELATIVE  IVENESS   RJ
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04 23  74   07 09  74  09 23 74
   2.40
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 195.26
1182.00
                                     43

-------
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-------
LAKE NAMl: VIKING
STORET NUMBER:
                                               NYGAARD  TROPHIC  STATE  INDICES

                                         0*IE   04 17 74   07  C2  7*i   09  25  74
                                  NYXDPHVCEAN
                                CHLCROPHYCEAN
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                                       DIATOM
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-------
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                                            46

-------
lAKt
STURE7
      US I lAKt
                                          NYGAAFU-  IkUPHIC  STATE  INDICES

                                    UAlE   04 ft 1+  07  JS  71   OQ 23 7*
                            NYiOPHTCLAN
                          CHIUPOPKVCEAN
                           tUbLENCPHYU
                               CON POUND
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                                        PAIDER'S OR6AN1C POlLUllDN INDICES

                                   Oklf    t*  iZ Jt>  07 09 74  04 ?3 74
                                  GENUS
                                SPECIES
                                                     0?
                                                                Cl
                                                                00
                                                                92
                                                                00
                                    SPECJfS DIVERSITY  AND  AbUHOANCl 1MCKES
                              OAIE

            AVERAbt  DIVERSITY    H
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NUflBC* Of  SA«PIES CUMPOSITEO    M
           KAXIHUN  DIVERSITY «AXH
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                                             22 7*  07  09  7*   D9 23 7*
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                                             4.39
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                        TOTAL  01/ERSITY
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NUKBER/ML Of
3036.00
   C.44

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1395.00
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                                  47

-------
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                                   TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
                            (Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
 REPORT NO.
EPA-600/3-79-062
                                                             . RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.
. TITLE AND SUBTITLE


DISTRIBUTION OF  PHYTOPLANKTON  IN  IOWA LAKES
             i. REPORT DATE
             June  1979
             6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
                S.C. Hern,  V.W. Lambou,  F.A.  Morris,
M.K. Morris, W.D. Taylor
                                                             >. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Environmental  Monitoring  and Support Laboratory
3ffice of  Research and  Development
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Las Vegas, NV   89114
             10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.

             1BD884
             11. CONTRACT/OR ANT NO.
 2. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
j.S. Environmental  Protection Agency-Las  Vegas, NV
Dffice of Research and  Development
Environmental  Monitoring  and Support Laboratory
Las Vegas, NV   89114
             13. TYP6 OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
              03-15-75 to  11-20-74      	
             14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE

              EPA/600/07
IS. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
16. ABSTRACT	:	~	—	
     This  1s a data report presenting  the species and  abundance of  phytopiankton
in the IB  lakes sampled  by the National  Eutrophlcation  Survey in  the  State of
Iowa.  Results from the  calculation of several water quality Indices  are also
included  (Nygaard's Trophic State Index. Palmer's Organic Pollution Index, and
species diversity and abundance Indices).
17.
                                 KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
                  DESCRIPTORS
                                               tMDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS  C. COSATI Field/GlOUp
 'aquatic  microbiology
 lakes
 rphytoplankton
 water quality
owa
ake eutropMcation
lygaard's trophic  Indices
'aimer's organic pollu-
;1on indices
Species diversity  and
ibundance indices
)6 C,
)8 H
 3 B
M
18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
RELEASE  TO PUBLIC
19. SECURITY CLASS (ThisReport)
JNCLASSIFIED
21. NO. OF PAGES
   56
                                                20. SECURITY CLASS (Thispage)

                                                JNCLASSIFIED
                            22. PRICE
                              A04
BPA Form 2220-1 (R«v. 4-77)   PREVIOUS EDITION is OBSOLETE
                                                             U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1979-683-091/2109

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