United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Environmental Monitoring
and Support Laboratory
P.O Box 15027
Las Vegas NV89114
EPA-600/3-79-066
June 1979
Research and Development
Distribution
Phytoplankton in
Nebraska  Lakes

-------
                   RESEARCH REPORTING SERIES

 Research reports of the Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental
 Protection Agency, have been grouped into nine series.  These nine broad categories
 were established to facilitate further development and application of environmental
 technology.   Elimination of traditional .grouping was consciously planned to foster
 technology transfer and maximum interface in related fields. The nine series are:


       1..  Environmental Health Effects Research
       2.   Environmental Protection Technology
       3.   Ecological Research
       4.   Environmental Monitoring
       5.   Socioeconomic Environmental Studies
       6.   Scientific and Technical Assessment Reports (STAR)
       7.   Interagency Energy—Environment Research and Development
       8.   "Special" Reports
       9.   Miscellaneous Reports


This report has been assigned to  the ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH series.  This series
describes research on the effects of pollution on humans.plant and animal species, and
materials. Problems are assessed for their long-and short-term influences. Investiga-
tions include formations, transport, and  pathway studies to  determine the fate  of
pollutants and their effects. This work provided the technical basis for setting standards
to minimize  undesirable changes in living organisms in the aquatic, terrestrial, and
atmospheric environments.
This document is available to the public through the National Technical Information
Service. Springfield. Virginia  22161

-------
                                             EPA-600/3-79-066
                                             June 1979
DISTRIBUTION OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN NEBRASKA LAKES

                        by

 F. A. Morris*, M.  K.  Morris*, W. D.  Taylor,
L. R.  Williams, S.  C.  Hern, and V.  W.  Lambou

            Water and  Land Quality Branch
           Monitoring  Operations Division
   Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
              Las Vegas, Nevada  89114
         *Department of Biological  Sciences
           University of Nevada,  Las Vegas
              Las Vegas, Nevada  89154
  ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING  AND SUPPORT LABORATORY
        OFFICE OF  RESEARCH  AND DEVELOPMENT
       U.S.  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
             LAS VEGAS,  NEVADA  89114

-------
                                 DISCLAIMER
     This report has been reviewed by the Environmental  Monitoring and
Support Laboratory-Las Vegas, U.S. Environmental  Protection Agency, and
approved for publication.  Mention of trade names or commercial  products does
not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.

-------
                                  FOREWORD
     Protection of the environment requires effective  regulatory actions
which are based on sound technical and scientific  information.   This
information must include the quantitative description  and linking of
pollutant sources, transport mechanisms,  interactions, and resulting  effects
on man and his environment.  Because of the complexities involved, assessment
of specific pollutants in the environment requires a total systems approach
which transcends the media of air, water, and land.   The Environmental
Monitoring and Support Laboratory-Las Vegas contributes to the  formation  and
enhancement of a sound monitoring data base for exposure assessment through
programs designed to:

          •  develop and optimize systems and strategies for monitoring
             pollutants and their impact  on the environment

          •  demonstrate new monitoring systems and  technologies by
             applying them to fulfill special monitoring needs  of the
             Agency's operating programs

     This report presents the species and abundance  of phytoplankton  in the
9 lakes sampled by the National Eutrophication Survey in the State of
Nebraska, along with results from the calculation  of several commonly used
biological indices of water quality and community  structure.  These data  can
be used to biologically characterize the  study lakes,  and as baseline data
for future investigations.  This report was written  for use by Federal,
State, and local governmental agencies concerned with water quality analysis,
monitoring, and or regulation.  Private industry and individuals similarly
involved with the biological aspects of water quality will find the document
useful.  For further information contact  the Water and Land Quality Branch,
Monitoring Operations Division.
                              GeorgeyB.  organ
                                  Director
               Environmental  Monitoring and Support Laboratory
                                  Las Vegas
                                     iii

-------
                                   CONTENTS
Foreword	    iii
Introduction 	      1
Materials and Methods  	      2
     Lake and Site Selection	      2
     Sample Preparation  	      2
     Examination 	      3
     Quality Control 	      4
Results  	      5
     Nygaard's Trophic State Indices 	      5
     Palmer's Organic Pollution Indices  	      5
     Species Diversity and Abundance Indices 	      7
     Species Occurrence and Abundance  	      9
Literature Cited 	     10
Appendix A.  Phytoplankton Species list for the State
             of Nebraska	     11
Appendix B.  Summary of Phytoplankton Data 	     14

-------
                                INTRODUCTION
     The collection and analysis of phytoplankton data  were  included  in  the
National Eutrophication Survey in an effort to determine relationships between
algal  characteristics and trophic status of individual  lakes.
     During spring, summer, and fall of 1974, the Survey sampled  179  lakes  in
10 States.  Over 700 algal species and varieties were identified  and
enumerated from the 573 water samples examined.
     This report presents the species and abundance of  phytoplankton  in  the
9 lakes sampled in the State of Nebraska (Table 1).  The Nygaard's Trophic
State (Nygaard 1949), Palmer's Organic Pollution (Palmer 1969), and species
diversity and abundance indices are also included.
          TABLE 1.  LAKES SAMPLED IN THE STATE OF NEBRASKA
STORET No.
 Lake Name
 County
   3101
   3102
   3103

   3104
   3105
   3106
   3107
   3108
   3110
Branched Oak
Harlan County Reservoir
Harry D. Strunk
(Medicine Creek)
Hugh Butler (Red Willow)
Johnson Reservoir
Lake McConaughy
Pawnee Lake
Sherman County Reservoir
Swanson Reservoir
Lancaster
Harlan
Frontier

Frontier, Red Willow
Dawson, Gosper
Keith
Lancaster
Sherman
Hitchcock

-------
                            MATERIALS AND METHODS
LAKE AND SITE SELECTION

     Lakes and reservoirs included in the Survey were  selected  through
discussions with State water pollution agency personnel  and  U.S.  Environmental
Protection Agency Regional  Offices (U.S.  Environmental  Protection Agency
1975).  Screening and selection strongly  emphasized lakes  with  actual or
potential  accelerated eutrophication problems.   As a result, the  selection  was
1imited to lakes:

     (1) impacted by one or more municipal  sewage treatment  plant outfalls
         either directly into the lake or by discharge to  an inlet tributary
         within approximately 40 kilometers of the lake;

     (2) 40 hectares or larger in size; and

     (3) with a mean hydraulic retention  time of at least  30 days.

Specific selection criteria were waived for some lakes of  particular State
interest.

     Sampling sites for a lake were selected based on  available information on
lake morphometry, potential major sources of nutrient  input, and  on-site
judgment of the field limnologist (U.S. Environmental  Protection  Agency 1975).
Primary sampling sites were chosen to reflect the deepest  portion of each
major basin in a test lake.  Where many basins were present, selection  was
guided by nutrient source information on  hand.  At each sampling  site,  a
depth-integrated phytoplankton sample was taken.  Depth-integrated samples
were uniform mixtures of water from the surface to a depth of 15  feet
(4.6 meters) or from the surface to the lower limit of the photic zone
representing 1 percent of the incident light, whichever was  greater.  If  the
depth at the sampling site was less than  15 feet (4.6  meters),  the sample was
taken from just off the bottom to the surface.  Normally,  a  lake  was sampled
three times in 1 year, providing information on spring, summer, and fall
conditions.


SAMPLE PREPARATION

     To preserve the sample 4 millilHers (ml)  of Acid-Lugol's  solution
(Prescott 1970) were added to each 130-ml sample from  each site at the  time of
collection.  The samples were shipped to  the Environmental Monitoring and
Support Laboratory, Las Vegas, Nevada, where equal volumes from each site

-------
were mixed to form two 130-ml  composite  samples  for  a  given  lake.   One
composite sample was put into  storage  and  the  other  was  used  for  the
examination.

     Prior to examination, the composite samples were  concentrated  by the
settling method.  Solids were  allowed  to settle  for  at least  24  hours prior  to
siphoning off the supernate.  The volume of  the  removed  supernate and the
volume of the remaining concentrate were measured and  concentrations
determined.  A small (8-ml) library subsample  of the concentrate  was  then
taken.  The remaining concentrate was  gently agitated  to resuspend  the
plankton and  poured into a capped, graduated test tube.   If  a preliminary
examination of a sample indicated the  need for a more  concentrated  sample, the
contents of the test tube were further concentrated  by repeating  the  settling
method.  Final concentrations  varied from 15 to  40 times the  original.

     Permanent slides were prepared from concentrated  samples after analysis
was complete.  A ring of clear Karo® corn syrup  with phenol  (a few crystals  of
phenol were added to each 100  ml  of syrup) was placed  on a glass slide.  A
drop of superconcentrate from the bottom of the test tube was placed in the
ring.  This solution was thoroughly mixed and  topped with a  coverglass.  After
the syrup at the edges of the coverglass had hardened, the excess was scraped
away and the mount was sealed  with clear fingernail  polish.   Permanent  diatom
slides were prepared by drying sample material on a coverglass,  heating in a
muffle furnace at 400° C for 45 minutes, and mounting  in Hyrax®.  Finally, the
mounts were sealed with clear fingernail polish.

     Backup samples, library samples, permanent sample slides, and
Hyrax-mounted diatom slides are being stored and maintained at the
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory-Las Vegas.


EXAMINATION

     The phytoplankton samples were examined with the aid of binocular
compound microscopes.  A preliminary examination was  performed to  precisely
identify and  list all forms encountered.  The length  of this examination
varied depending on the complexity of the sample.   An attempt was made to find
and identify  all of the forms present in each sample.   Often forms were
observed which could not be identified to species or  to genus.  Abbreviated
descriptions  were used to keep a record of these forms  (e.g., lunate cell,
blue-green filament, Navicula #1).  Diatom slides were examined using a
standard light microscope.  If greater resolution was essential  to accurately
identify the  diatoms, a phase-contrast microscope was used.

     After the  species list was compiled, phytoplankton were enumerated using
a  Neubauer Counting Chamber with a 40X objective lens and a 10X ocular lens.
All forms within each field were counted.  The  count  was continued until a
minimum of 100 fields had been viewed, or until  the dominant form  had been
observed a minimum  of 100 times.

^Registered trademark

-------
QUALITY CONTROL

     Project phycologists performed internal  quality control  intercomparisons
regularly on 7 percent of the species identification and counts.  Although an
individual  had primary responsibility for analyzing a sample, taxonomic
problems were discussed among the phycologists.

     Additional quality control  checks were performed on the  Survey samples by
Dr. G. W. Prescott of the University of Montana at the rate of 5 percent.
Quality control checks were made on 75 percent of these samples to verify
species identifications while checks were made on the remaining 25 percent of
the samples to verify genus counts.  Presently, the agreement between quality
control checks for species identification and genus enumerations is
satisfactory.

-------
                                   RESULTS


     A phytoplankton species list for the State  is  presented  in  Appendix A.
Appendix B summarizes all  of the phytoplankton data collected from  the  State
by the Survey.  The latter is organized by  lake, and includes an alphabetical
phytoplankton species list with concentrations for  individual  species given by
sampling date.  Results from the application  of  several  indices  are presented
(Nygaard's Trophic State,  Palmer's Organic  Pollution, and  species diversity
and abundance).  Each lake has been assigned  a four-digit  STORET number.
(STORET (STOrage and RETrieval) is the U.S. Environmental  Protection Agency's
computer system which processes and maintains water quality data.)   The first
two digits of the STORET number identify the  State; the last two digits
identify the lake.


NYGAARD'S TROPHIC STATE INDICES

     Five indices devised by Nygaard (1949) were proposed  under  the assumption
that certain algal groups are indicative of levels  of nutrient enrichment.
These indices were calculated in order to aid in determining the surveyed
lakes' trophic status.  As a general rule,  Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta, centric
diatoms, and members of the Chlorococcales are found in waters that are
eutrophic (rich in nutrients), while desmids and many pennate diatoms
generally cannot tolerate high nutrient levels and  so are found  in
oligotrophic waters (poor in nutrients).

      In applying the indices to the Survey data, the number of taxa in  each
major group was determined from the species list for each sample.  The  ratios
of these groups give numerical values which can  be  used as a biological index
of water richness.  The five indices and the ranges of values established  for
Danish lakes by Nygaard for each trophic state are  presented in  Table 2.  The
appropriate symbol, (E) eutrophic and  (0) oligotrophic, follows  each
calculated value in the tables in Appendix B.  A question mark  (?)  following  a
calculated value in these tables was entered when that value was within the
range of both classifications.


PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION  INDICES

      Palmer (1969) analyzed reports from 165 authors and developed  algal
pollution indices for  use in rating water samples with high organic pollution.
Two lists of organic-pollution-tolerant forms were prepared, one containing
20 genera, the other,  20 species (Tables 3 and 4).   Each form was assigned a
pollution index number ranging from 1  for moderately tolerant forms to  6 for

-------
  TABLE 2.   NYGAARD'S  TROPHIC STATE INDICES  ADAPTED  FROM  HUTCHINSON  (1967)
Index
                      Calculation
Oligotrophic	Eutrophic
Myxophycean
Chlorophycean
Di atom
Euglenophyte
Compound
Myxophyceae
Desmideae
Chlorococcales
Desmideae
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Euglenophyta
Myxophyceae + Chlorococcales
Myxophyceae + Chlorococcales +
0.0-0.4
0.0-0.7
0.0-0.3
0.0-0.2
0.0-1.0
0.1-3.0
0.2-9.0
0.0-1.75
0.0-1.0
1.2-25
                Centric  Diatoms  +  Euglenophyta
                        Desmideae
TABLE 3.  ALGAL GENUS POLLUTION INDEX
          (Palmer 1969)
                                           TABLE  4.   ALGAL  SPECIES  POLLUTION
                                                     INDEX  (Palmer  1969)
Genus
Anacystis
Ankistrodesmus
Chlamydomonas
Chi orel la
Closterium
Cyclotella
Euglena
Gomphonema
Lepocinclis
Melosira
Micractim'um
Navicula
Nitzschia
Oscillatoria
Pandorina
Phacus
Phormidium
Scenedesmus
Stigeoc Ionium
Synedra
Pollution
Index
1
2
4
3
1
1
5
1
1
1
1
3
3
5
1
2
1
4
2
2
Species
Ankistrodesmus falcatus
Arthrospira ienneri
Chlorella vulgaris
C^clotella meneghiniana
Euglena jjracilis
Euglena viridis
Gomphonema parvulum
Melosira varians
Navicula cryptocephala
Nitzschia acicularis
Nitzschia galea
Oscillatoria chlorina
Oscillatoria limosa
OsciTlatoria princeps
Oscillatoria putrida
Oscillatoria tenuis
Pandorina morum
Scenedesmus quadricauda
Stigeoc Ionium tenue
Synedra ulna
Pollution
Index
3
2
2
2
1
6
1
2
1
1
5
2
4
1
1
4
3
4
3
3

-------
extremely tolerant forms.  Palmer based  the  index  numbers on  occurrence
records and/or where emphasized by the authors  as  being especially tolerant of
organic pollution.

     In analyzing a water sample, any of the 20 genera or species of  algae
present in concentrations of 50 per milliliter  or  more are  recorded.   The
pollution index numbers of the algae present are totaled, providing a genus
score and a species score.  Palmer determined that a  score  of 20 or more for
either index can be taken as evidence of high organic pollution, while a score
of 15 to 19 is taken as probable evidence of high  organic pollution.  Lower
figures suggest that the organic pollution of the  sample  is not  high, that the
sample is not representative, or that some substance  or  factor interfering
with algal persistence is present and active.


SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES

     "Information content" of biological samples is being used commonly by
biologists as a measure of diversity.  Diversity in this  connection means the
degree of uncertainty attached to the specific  identity  of  any randomly
selected individual.  The greater the number of taxa  and  the more  equal their
proportions, the greater the uncertainty, and hence,  the  diversity  (Pielou
1966).  There are several methods of measuring  diversity, e.g.,  the  formulas
given by Brill ouin  (1962) and Shannon and Weaver (1963).  The method  which  is
appropriate depends on the type of biological sample on  hand.

     Pielou (1966)  classifies the types  of biological samples and  gives the
measure of diversity appropriate for each type.  The  Survey phytoplankton
samples are what  she classifies as larger samples (collections in  Pielou's
terminology) from which random subsamples can be drawn.   According  to Pielou,
the average diversity per individual (H) for these types of samples  can be
estimated from the  Shannon-Wiener formula (Shannon and Weaver 1963):

                                S

                         H  =  -L P, logx PI
where P is the proportion of the ith taxon in the sample, which is calculated
from ni/N; nn- is the number of individuals per milliliter of the ith
taxon; N is the total number of individuals per ml; and S is the total  number
of taxa.  However, Basharin (1959) and Pielou (1966) have pointed out that H
calculated from the subsample is a biased estimator of the sample H, and if
this bias is to be accounted for, we must know the total  number of taxa
present in the sample since the magnitude of this bias depends on it.

     Pielou (1966) suggests that if the number of taxa in the subsample falls
only slightly short of the number in the larger sample, no appreciable error
will result in considering S, estimated from the subsample, as being equal  to
iSSnJffS eii(alue'  Even though considerable effort was made to find and
rare DhvtSll.iB^ t>e   Vel Samp1es undoubtedly contain a fair number of
rare pnytoplankton taxa which were not encountered

-------
     In the Shannon-Wiener formula,  an  increase  in  the  number  of taxa and/or
an increase in the evenness of the distribution  of  individuals among taxa will
increase the average diversity per  individual  from  its  minimal value of  zero.
Sager and Hasler (1969)  found that the  richness  of  taxa was of minor
importance in determination of average  diversity per  individual for
phytoplankton and they concluded that phytoplankton taxa  in excess of the 10
to 15 most abundant ones have little effect  on H.   This was verified by  our
own calculations.  Our counts are in number  per  milliliter and since
logarithms to the base 2 were used  in our  calculations, H is expressed in
units of bits per individual.  When  individuals  of  a  taxon were so rare  that
they were not counted, a value of 1/130 per  milliliter  or 0.008 per milliliter
was used in the calculations since at least  one  individual of  the taxon  must
have been present in the collection.

     A Survey sample for a given lake represents a  composite of all
phytoplankton collected  at different sampling  sites on  the lake during a given
sampling period.  Since the number of samples  (M) making  up a  composite  is a
function of both the complexity of the  lake  sampled and its size, it should
affect the richness-of-taxa component of the diversity  of our  phytoplankton
collections.  The maximum diversity  (MaxH)  (i.e., when  the individuals are
distributed among the taxa as evenly as possible) was estimated from Iog2 S
(Pielou 1966), while the minimum diversity (MinH),  was  estimated from the
formula:
               MinH  =  -
Jbl loq  1 -  N - (S-1)
 N    92 N       N
              log9
N - (S-1
   N
given by Zand (1976).  The total  diversity (D)  was  calculated  from  HN  (Pielou
1966).  Also given in Appendix B are L (the mean  number of  individuals  per
taxa per milliliter)  and K (the number of individuals  per milliliter of the
most abundant taxon in the sample).

      The evenness component of diversity (J)  was estimated  from  H/MaxH
(Pielou 1966).  Relative evenness (RJ) was calculated  from the formula:
                              RJ  =
 H-MinH
MaxH-MinH
given by Zand (1976).  Zand suggests that RJ be used  as  a  substitute  for both
J and the redundancy expression given by Wilhm and  Dorris  (1968).   As  pointed
out by Zand, the redundancy expression given by Wilhm and  Dorris does  not
properly express what it is intended to show, i.e., the  position of H  in the
range between MaxH and MinH.  RJ may range from 0 to  1;  being  1 for the  most
even samples and 0 for the least even samples.

     Zand (1976) suggests that diversity indices be expressed  in units of
"sits", i.e., in logarithms to base S (where S is the total  number  of  taxa  in
the sample)  instead of in "bits", i.e., in logarithms to base  2.  Zand points
out that the diversity index in sits per individual  is a normalized number
ranging from 1 for the most evenly distributed samples to  0  for the least
evenly distributed samples.  Also, it can be used to  compare different
samples, independent of the number of taxa in each.  The diversity  in  bits  per

-------
individual  should not be used  in  direct  comparisons  involving various samples
which have  different numbers of taxa.  Since  MaxH equals  log S, the expression
in sits is  equal  to logs S,  or 1.   Therefore  diversity  in sits  per
individual  is numerically equivalent  to  J,  the  evenness component for the
Shannon-Wiener formula.
SPECIES OCCURRENCE AND ABUNDANCE

  The alphabetic phytoplankton species list  for  each  lake,  presented  in
Appendix B, gives the concentrations of individual  species  by  sampling date.
Concentrations are in cells, colonies, or filaments (CEL, COL,  FIL) per
milliliter.  An "X" after a species name indicates  that the species identified
in the preliminary examination was in ?:urh a low concentration  that it did not
appear in the count.  A blank space indicates that  the  organism was not  found
in the sample collected on that date.  Column S  is  used to  designate  the
examiner's subjective opinion of the five dominant  taxa in  a sample,  based
upon relative size and concentration of the  organism.   The  percent column  (%C)
presents, by abundance, the percentage composition  of each  taxon.

-------
                              LITERATURE  CITED
Basharin, G.  P.   1959.   On  a  statistical  estimate  for the  entropy  of  a
     sequence of independent  random variables,  pp.  333-336.   In: Theory  of
     Probability and Its Applications  (translation  of "Teoriya  Veroyatnosei  i
     ee Premeneniya").   N.  Artin (ed).   4.   Society for Industrial  and
     Applied  Mathematics, Philadelphia.

Brillouin, L.  1962.  Science and Information Theory (2nd  ed.). Academic
     Press, New York.  351  pp.

Hutchinson, G. E.  1967.  A Treatise on  Limnology.   II.  Introduction to Lake
     Biology and the Limnoplankton.  John Wiley and Sons,  Inc., New York.
     1,115 pp.

Nygaard, G.  1949.   Hydrobiological studies  of  some Danish ponds and  lakes.
     II.  (K danske Vidensk.  Selsk.)  Biol.  Sci.  7:293.

Palmer, C. M.  1969.  A composite rating of  algae  tolerating organic
     pollution.  J. Phycol.  5:78-82.

Pielou, E. C.  1966.  The measurement of diversity in different types of
     biological  collections.   J. Theor.  Biol.   13:131-144.

Prescott, G.  W.  1970.   How to Know the  Freshwater Algae.   William C. Brown
     Company, Dubuque.   348 pp.

Sager, P. E., and A. D. Hasler.  1969.   Species diversity  in lacustrine
     phytoplankton.  I.  The  components  of the  index of diversity
     from Shannon's formula.   Amer. Natur.  103(929):51-59.

Shannon, C. E., and W.  Weaver.  1963.   The Mathematical Theory of  Commu-
     nication.  University of Illinois  Press, Urbana.  117 pp.

U.S. Environmental  Protection Agency.   1975. National Eutrophication Survey
     Methods 1973-1976.  Working Paper No. 175.   Environmental  Monitoring and
     Support Laboratory, Las  Vegas, Nevada,  and Corvallis  Environmental
     Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon. 91  pp.

Wilhm, V. L., and T. C. Dorris.  1968.   Biological  parameters for  water
     quality criteria.   Bio-Science.  18:477.

Zand, S. M.  1976.   Indexes associated  with  information theory in  water
     quality.  J. Water Pollut. Contr.  Fed.   48(8):2026-2031.
                                     10

-------
                     APPENDIX A




PHYTOPLANKTON SPECIES LIST FOR THE STATE OF NEBRASKA
                       11

-------
Aohnanth&s sp.
Aatinastnan hantzsahii
   v. fluviatile
Anabaena sp.
Ankistrodesmus faloatus
Ankistrodesmus falcatus
   v. aoioularis
Ankistrodesmus faloatus
   v. mirabi Us
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae
Asterionella formosa
Caloneis lewisii
Carteria klebsii
Ceratium hirundinella
Ceratium hirundinella
   f. fureoides
Ceratium hirundinella
   f. soottioum
Chlamydomonas sp.
Chlorogonium sp.
Closteriwn sp.
Coaeoneis placentula
Coelastrwn cambrioum
Coelastmon eambriaum
   v. intermedium
Coelastrwn retioulatum
Coelosphaerium naegelianum
Cosmariim sp.
Crucigenia apieulata
Cruaigenia rectangularis ?
Crucigenia tetrapedia
Cryptomonas erosa
Cryptomonas erosa
   v. reflexa
Cryptomonas marssonii
Cryptamonas ovata
Cryptomonas reflexa
Cyolotella meneghLniana
Cyolotella stelligera
Cymatopleura elliptioa
   f. spiralis
Cymatopleura solea
Cyrribella affinis
Cymbella tumida
Cymbella turgida
Daotyloooocopsis irregularis
Dentiaula sp.
Diatoma elongation
Diatoma vulgare
Diotyosphaerium puloheIlum
Dinobryon divergens
Vinobyron sooiale
   v. amerieanwr,
Elakotothrix sp.
Epithemia sp.
Errerella bornhemiensis
Eudorina elegans
Euglena sp.
Fragilaria aapuaina
Fr-agilcafia oonstruens ?
Fragilaria orotonensis
Fragilaria intermedia ?
Fragilaria leptostauron
Franaeia sp.
Glenodiniim gymnodiniwn
Glenodinium gijrnnodiniim
   v. biscutelliforme
Glenodinium oaulatum
Gloeoaystis ampla ?
Gomphonema olivaaeum
Gymnodiniwn albulum
Gyrnnodinium ordinatum
Gyrosigma sp.
Hantzschia amphioxys
   f. capitata
Kirahneriella sp.
Lagerheimia quadriseta
Lepocinclis sp.
Lyngbya sp.
Mallomonas caudata
Melosira distans
Melosira granulata
Melosira granulata
   v. angustissima
Melosira italiea
Melosira varians
Merismopedia minima
Merismopedia tenuissima
Mesostigma viridis
Micractinium pusillum
Microcystis aeruginosa
Microcystis inoerta
Mougeotia sp.
Navicula la tens  ?
Naviaula radiosa
Neidium ? sp.
Nitzschia filiformis
Nitzsehia palea
Nitzschia sigmoidea
Oooystis sp.
                                      12

-------
Ophiooytium oapitatum
Osoillatoria limnetioa
Osoillatoria tennis
Pandorina morwn
Pandorina protubevans
Pediastrum boryanum
Pediastrum duplex
Pediastrim duplex
   v. olathratum
Pediastrum duplex
   v. retioulatim
Pediastrim duplex
   v. rotunda turn
Pediastrum simplex
   v. duodenarium
Pediastrum tetras
Pediastrum tetras
   v. tetraodon
Pevidinium inaonspiauum
Phaaus aouminatus
Phaaus longiaauda
Phacus megalopsis
Pinnularia sp.
Raphidiopsis ourvata
Khoieosphenia sp.
Rhopalodia gibba
Scenedesmus abundans
Saenedesmus aouminatus
Soenedesmus arouatus
Scenedesmus balatoniaus ?
Soenedesmus biaaudatus
Soenedesmus bijuga
Soenedesmus bijuga
   v. flexuosus
Soenedesmus dimorphus
Soenedesmus intermedius
Soenedesmus obliquus
Soenedesmus opoliensis
Soenedesmus protuberans
Soenedesmus quadrioauda
Soenedesmus raoiborskii
   f. aranulatas
Sohroederia setigera
Sphaerocystis schroeteri
Staurastrum ohaetooerus
Stephanodisous astraea
Stephanodisous niagarae
Surirella angustata
Surireila ovata
Synedra aous
S;medra rumpens
Synedra ulna
Tetraedron oaudatum
Tetraedron oaudatum
   v. longeoornutum
Tetraedron hastatum
Tetraedron minimum
Tetraedron mutioum
Tetraedron trigonum
   v. graoile
Tetrastrum ? gldbrum
Tetrastrum elegans
Tetrastrum heteraoanthwn
Tetrastrum staurogeniaeforme
Traohelomonas abrupta  ?
Traahelomonas ensifera
Traahelomonas fluviatilis
Traahelomonas intermedia
Traohelomonas planotonioa
Traahelomonas sohauinslandii
Traohelomonas verruoosa
Traohelomonas volvooina
Wislouohiella sp.
                                      13

-------
                 APPENDIX B.  SUMMARY OF  PHYTOPLANKTON DATA


     This appendix was generated by computer.   Because it was only possible  to
use upper case letters in the printout, all  scientific names are printed  in
upper case and are not italicized.

     The alphabetic phytoplankton lists include taxa without species names
(e.g., EUNOTIA, EUMOTIA #1, FLAGELLATE, FLAGELLATES, MICROCYSTIS INCERTA  ?,
CHLOROPHYTAN COCCOID CELLED COLONY).  When species determinations were not
possible, symbols or descriptive phrases were used to separate taxa for
enumeration purposes.  Each name on a list,  however, represents a unique
species different from any other name on the same list, unless otherwise
noted, for counting purposes.

     Numbers were used to separate unidentified species of the same genus.   A
generic name listed alone is also a unique species.  A question mark (?)  is
placed immediately after the portion of a name which was assigned with
uncertainty.  Numbered, questioned, or otherwise designated taxa were
established on a lake-by-lake basis; therefore NAVICULA #2 from lake A cannot
be compared to NAVICULA #2 from lake B.  Pluralized categories (e.g.,
FLAGELLATES, CENTRIC DIATOMS, SPP.) were used for counting purposes when  taxa
could not be properly differentiated on the  counting chamber.
                                  ERRATA

     Minimum and evenness  are misspelled  in  the  computer  printout  of  the
species diversity and abundance indices data.
                                    14

-------
LAKt NAME:  BRANCHED OAK
STORET NUMBER:  3101
                                                NYbAAkD  TROPHIC STATE  INDICES

                                          DATE   0<.  17  7 .26 "7*
                                         GENUS
                                       SPECIES
03
                                                      C3
                                                      03
      1C
      D2
                                           SPECIES  DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE  INDICES

                                          LATE   0*  17  7*   07 02 7<.  09  26  T>
            AV[f:aOE MVEKS1TY     H       1.3«t
               M.'NetK OF TAXA     S      23. Cu
NUMBER OF  SAMPLES COMPOiJTEO     M       3.00
          '  MAXIMUM DIVERSITY  HAXH       «t.52
            MNUNUrt DIVERSITY  HINH       C.C2
                                  0   27333.32
                                  N  .20398.00
                                  J       0.3'J
                                 RJ       0.30
                                  L     686.67
                                  K   15728.CO
                                D1VER51IY
          TOTAL  NUMbER OF INU1V 1DUAIS/HL
                       EVENESS  CUSPDNINT
                        RELATIVE  EVENfSS
        MEAN  NUMBER UF iNU1V1 DUALS/TAXA
       NUMEtR/Ml  OF SOST A&UNCANT  TAXON
        2.93
       30.00
        3. CO

        0.1C
    11605.73
     3961.00
      132.03
   2 1. '0.0
    3.00
    4.39
   ' 0.0".
229S2.SO
 8050.00
    0.65

  .363.33
 26A1.00
                                        15

-------
 UK t  NAME ' I'RANOito IJAK
 1 II KE I  i.untl t :
                                        CtiNTINUtD
 1A>A
 All I
 ANAbAENA
 ANK IS Ift.-'Ut i«US  FALCAIUi
  V.  »(l(Ut»M',
 »NK IS IKGDE ifltS  FAllAIUi
  V.  FIIPAbjlIS
 APIiANIZOKENON FlUS-AUI.'At
 ASIEHUNtllA FllkhLSJ
 CAECNlli ?
 CAt ri( |A
 CHI /.iioonONAb ?
 CfjCCGNB i S
 COCLAilkon CAMhdlcur.
 CLflASIkUn kt I 1CUI t Ilirt
 CCf LOSPMAi SlUti NAlGKlANLH
 CRUCIGENIA.  r
 CR tP K.tlllNAS
 C».1cf ILA
 C»^I
 OAC tUiiCOCCGPSlS
 C'lC 1 T,:st>MAEt IU«
 r;|Cfri.iPMAf«IUH PlJllllf IILH
 UINGBttUN  SbClill
  V.  AHF.U1CAHUM
 1 1 AK A ID ( M« ] I
 '(.AbEltAU  '1
 HA&tUAU  H
 UAtULAUi
 ICitllAKIA
 HA I. II Afc 1A  II
 MA611A1U •!
 ClfHOClNlUM OCUIA1UR
 GrXMOLINIUH OD01NAIUII
 lAURHEIMA OUADRISUA
 UPOCINCIM
 fl tCSIK*
 rllL'SIBA DlilANi
 HI ILS1RA GRASULAlA
 IIIOSIR* VAUAKS ?
             AtRUOIHIliA
           PAIEA
           SJCHfJlLIA
ootrsus
PiNliUhA
I'tilA'TKun Durux
 V.  CtAlHRATUr
PHACUS
RnUICLSCHi rjlA
SCEhll ESMUS bl JULA
1C1 KEI E SnuS t I JUG..
 V. Fll«ul iuS
UiNlulSIUS bUAORlC/.UO<.


i . *t









1.6








X


114



1 ^9
X
X
X
246
64
6-,

48fj







3^Z


X







?t",l
1149
1803

193


I


X



1^9



X



                                              16

-------
IAKE  WARE: MARIAN
STURET  NUMBERS  3102
                                                  NYGAAkD TROPHIC  STATE INDICES

                                            HATE   L'<.  16  7*i  06  2ft  7".  ut  3C  7
                                             25.00
                                              3.00
                                              0.01
    3. 37
   37.00

    5.21
    0.09
191bb.78
 569V.CO
    0.65
    0.65
  153.U9
        NUMBtR/HL  OF  HJST AbONOANT  TAXDN
                                          17W9.00
 C9 30  7<

    2.23
   33. 00
    3.00
    5.0*.
    0.06
1598C.18
 7166.00

    0.**
  217.15
 3555.00
                                           17

-------
t AK t  *A •*! i HAk I Aft
SU Pi I '. J«bll, :  Hi
                                    (UNIiN
U.A lOlvM
AC 1 INAilHUC rtAMiiCHJ)
V. UuvlAfllE Cll
Ml A £ M N A ((I
AhKI'-IlJUt?.Nvj^tAlC*.IUS Cll
*t>lt»nlj ..>«IH(,N FlUS-«vJvJAl Ml
*5 IE>>iC"f t I* fUm'JA C U
'. it lit 1 » c(l
lAk IH 1A «.Utr5tI Ctl
Ul-tlJUH HIPUNblntllA Cll
COUAltkUII CAftHCUH CCl
ttiiiA&i.'i.n cmtmim i cci
t t YP F fjBiJMA S ik^SA Ctl
ft Yf 1C l-'JUAS tllllXA III
C * YP rcf ONA S ^.PP. CU
CKljIUlA Cll
CTfAltPKuPA iOUA Cll
C rrbt it* CU
[.AcmutuccLPsis IK iv to iii .ik is cii
! lil'.M VJK..1M Cll
u K T ri ^PHA 1 1 1 un KLCMIIIU* CUi
lU-lflllA tut hntnll i,-> li COl
IL'UU.A Cll
1 lAOtll&li «l til
1 1 . . L 1 1 1 - 1 ( 1 1 Cll
1 f A f. U A K 1 A (U
ltACIl«-:» CkuUlM HilS til
CTKfJi I(,«A Cll
lU'.AII Cfll tU
lllL'jlHI. Cll
nl U.SIkA LkthUiA IA CII
nl l( V it A LHAht'l AIA
V. tuto j 1 l"-b IBA Cll
nit isrui-toi* niNiHA coi
11 SLi 1 ILIA VIHOI-, (U
nilkAC iinlun PuSltlun CCl
BICkUCTiUS Alkudr^SA CPl
fl 1C KllC T'j 1 1 i INCEKIA CCl
NAVICI.IA Ctl
riAVICi'l* §1 CU
MAVICUA 1! til
Ntibii/ii ? cii
NIH^ChlAfl CU
M12'.»ChlAt2 Ctl
NIHjtHtAffB (U
NM^^CHIA*^ Cll
NIUSCx.A 15 (II
M 171CH1 A ft til
OUC Y t 1 1 i t t I
PtDIAMxUA BuiiYAhLri CLl
PI til A5Kv.'X Ul.PCfJ
V.3!l)CUlAlUP CUl
PI 0 1 A'. IH i,n II IKAL C ( I
V'HttUl AlUriNAlUS (U
IHACU< lUNGICALOA CU
fHACU'i nlGAibF^J^ til
SC I N £(. 1 SflUS A!)UNi.Ar*?> C(L
scittn t^rtus ttij»u 4 i vii cri
^CINIlJtSMOS I-IMOtlM-.^ tl.1
itlMi.1 SSUi iNItVM-Ui" COl
SCIMIUISHUS (JtAOMlAJjA COl
SCKkulOtUIA StIKtivA Clt
SPMAlkllC YSMS SCHtl/lltM COl
S 1 1 PttANUOl SCliS Cll
SCI Ikl UA CU
Su^lfrUlA ANCUSTAIA CU
Sut I«IIIA OVA IA CU
Srht^A «i CU
ir-i, tit A Ult.A Cf I
It IDAICfLM RUIICU1 Cl 1
nu«'ii.un HI nt-AC *M HI H cm
IllkA'IKU^ i I AUPOdt '4 1^1 f t-^ M IOL
IkACHtlllKCNAS iCHAUlNjl AKLI I Cll
XI Sllll/CnlUlA CU
A 1 (, A I
UM li
i It Uk hi





2 Itj.C





i ).l


1 bb.«i


J. 7




J f.O




J.i










0^




















c.?


!.<•



).t>











S^ 1 1





J«Z
X

17S79
>

<. 79



X
c 1 \j">

X
X

*.4
I









*9




















•.9


b J^
X
X

IS 7
X





AL CAl
UN 11 1
S tc PtR «l
1
1 I
1 X
1
H.7I t37
1 X
1
I i .S 1 1,79
1 X
|
1 I
S .Si f> 1
1
1
<• ,VI 1C 7
1
1 X
1 I
1
1
1 X
^ .n «?
^.<>l 167
1
1
7 .•• 1 S] 9
j i . .
1 I
1
1
O.M ISob
1
^.11 ?SJ
1
1
1 x
i .11 e*
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
J. 71 s^
1 »
1 >
1
I I
1
I X
1 I
1 X
1
1 . > 1 b*
1
1
v .71 «•.>
3.71 Av
1 1
t* . a i f>o2 i
i
i
i
l.M fts
1
1
1.^1 b-r
1
1 X
1 X
AtLAl
L'NI IS
S 1C f- 1 k Hi
1
1
1
O.fll is
1
1 X
1 >
1
1
1 X
1
1
1
l.M 1 Ctl
?2. HI 10 It,
1
1
f.31 l>j?
1 X
1 1
1
1 X
1
is. 71 I J10
1
1
1
1
1
C..M Z7
1
1 «
1 . M 1 OB
o.ei is
i
i
l.ll 61
| X
1
I
1
1
1
1 1
1 >
l.ll HI
1
1 >
1
1
1 I
1 X
1
1
1 X
3 . f1 1 is
1
1 I
1 I
LSI 1 08
0 . s | ?7
1
"V.M 3i55
1
1
1 I
1
1
1 J
1
l.ll bl
1
1
                                             18

-------
LAM  *A*.t:  HAkRY  0.  S TRUNK
S TOM T NUflUER: 3103
                                                    NYGAAfcU  TkCPHIC  STAH  i

                                             PAM    0<.  It f>,   07 01  7<.   .<)
                                     MYAUFHYCEAN
                                   C.HILKOPHYCI AN
                                    f UGtENUPHYIf
                                           D
                                                                                   It,
0.50 E
O.iO ?
0/Oi- ?
0.57 t
3.00 k
03/0 fc
0^/0 t
O/o 5 2
0.75 I
08/0 I
J/ 0 D
OV/C t
O.i? t
0. 71 t
Ib /O t
     PALMER'S  UkGANIC  PL'lLLiJlJN  iNC'ICEi

 OATE    C
-------
EAKE HAKE:  HARP.r 0. SIRUMK
1IUKET  MinbLRI 3103
IAXA

OCHNAMHES
ANiUAENA
ANKISIkUDESr.US FALCAfbS
 V. 'nlRAtlllS
APltAHI/UfltNUN UEI1-AUU4E
ASTERIUIlEl LA KlKHUSA
CtMOIC  DIAHlH
CtRAlllin  HlkUNDItltLlA
 I . FUKCU1DES
ClOSHRlim
CIOSII.KIUH I?
COEIASFRUB CA«6RICUH
CkUClUENIA ItlRAFElilA
                                     CON1IhbtO
                                                                        J7  01  7«i
CSTPlliHONAS tkUSA
CfrPinnONAS REUEXA
CUCUJlf lift
OrtAH'PlEURA SEilCA
crr.bf HA
CTfBtlLA >1
CTHBEUA »i
C YflbEll A »lf IHIS
D«l
CJOlfNA
                   imiCLLAHS
            II
FFAGIIARIA CROTONthSIS
K IK>!UK IE UA
KtLUSIHA UISIANS
KLIOSIKA GfANUlAH
HI 10>IRA GKANUIAIA
  V.  ANbUSI liSIHA
             AbRUCIKCSA
Nl IZSCMJA
PAHOOHHA PB(,IU8ERANi
 V. ClAlhSAlUB
PIKNAlf  DIAlUB .
PHACUl
SCllktlinUS tlRUKPHUS
SClNEttiHUS INIECPIblu!
SCfNIOfSHUS OUAUB1OODA
'. T£PM*«OUISCUS
i HPhAHUUI SCti II
S lEPHtNUtJ iCuS
S IIPMAH'JOISll'S SPP
S TN| CP
          N r.UIKUC
 II H ASIkUH HK.«l>i
Kjtn
CFL
FIl

Cf I
1 IL
CU
Cll
CU
CEl
CEl
CL.L
rni
CEL
CEl
CEl
CU
CEl
CEl
CEL
CU
CU
CEl
CEl
•CEl
CEl
CU
CEL
CEl

CEl
CDl
CU ,
Cfl
COl

COl
CEl
CEL
COl
cm
cut
CEL
CEL
CEl
CEL
CU
CEl
CEl
CU
CU
COl
AltAl
im 1 1 S
S 1C PER HI





1
2














3

*





















S










U4.9
5.6







0.4






5.4

3.3





















0.4








X

ti-OZ
4124

X
I



x
270
.
X

X
»

3>)21

IHJ4
I


X



.1









•

1
I
27J
X




ALGA I
UnllS
S 1C Pi k ni




1







2











4




j











5













44. C.







14.4


1.0

y.e





2 .«.
e.o




2vs.J
I .8


C-.6







5.6
C.b









X


1 596
X

t




522


5H

29





67
319




726
29


29

I





203
29




X



AlGAl
UNI IS
S *C PER M












t












5



3












2

4






1 X
1
1
1
1
1 >
1
1
1
1
1 X
1C. 31 664
4.31 277
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 X
1
1 X
1
1
12.11 775
1 I
1 I
1
3.41 221
1
1 1
1 1
1
1
1
0.11 i»
I I
0.91 55
1.71 111
0.91 55
1
54.31 3468
1
2.61 166
1
4.31 277
1
0.11 54
C » ° 1 55
2.61 166
73*81 3627 6*20
                                                20

-------
          :  MUCH bUIH R
STORET
                             NY&AAkO TROPHIC  iTAH

                      t'Alt    OS  It /S   07  01 ?S

              MYXDPHHf :AN     Cl/0 t      03/0 t
            CHL IjKOPHYltAN     Ob/0 t      0.
                                 U.
                                  .Ob
                                  .00
                                  .00
                                  .bS
                                  .01
                                                   ISSSi
. S'j
r 2 U
.00
          3.t)S
          b . 0 0
          3.00
          S.61
          O.Ob"
          2.S2
            30
          0. 7S
          j. 7S
   2.7S,
  3S. Jj
   3. 00
    . T>
    .00
   0. i3
  6 2. 0 j
!2bC.OO
                                           21

-------
lAKf HSU! I  HUCH tl/tlCR
Slllkfl  NUIIttKl 3104
IAIA

AN* isiaout Si-US IAICAUS
AHKISUOtESmiS FAICATU5
 V. ACICUIAHIS
ANKI'jIltUbC SKUi fOltilJS
 V. HIK
                                     CO"IIKUfcD
CAklEflA
CIHICIC
CHiuBC/cCNiun
ClCSIEDlun 111
CiusMkUH il
COCIOM IS
Cu( lAS
CBUCICENIA HlkAPEilA
CHTHLnL'HAS
CRtPIUBUNAS *EUtIA
Ctr.BkUA
CtnfilUA  at
Ctf.fcUlA  IUK.IOA
OAC ITIUCJCCIFSIS
D/.C muCUCCL'PSIS ]ki:
IPI in nU
(uLllto l\
            i)
            12
            CPC10NU.SIS
01 LIOCTSIIS
NllUSlfi
          1/ISIAHS
          LRANOlilA
 V. AhGUSt ISSIfA
m t> nrijPti; IA KINIHA
             INCEKIA
NAVICIllA
NlTZJCHlA
NII2JCHU  01
Nl I/SCMIA  02
NllZSCHIA  >3
CUCTSIIS
(•AiMtiiuio cms
PIKIASIKUN UUPltl
 V. C1AIHRA1UH
PmCllS  OCUMN4IU1
PHJCl.1'.  CtGAlCPSIS
ICct-ECt SnLS blC«UOAlui
SCCNU'ESnilS Bl JUGA
SCtMl-tSIUS OUAOC1OIUA
;CHKiJlktk| A SF IIUKA
ilo 1USPOHI
S ftPHiNJLI SCOS
Sit PHAMUUI SCOS ASIkAlA
1 UPHAKiJdlSCUS NUClkAk
ll/> IH ILA ANLUSIAI A
SThEOfcA  dUBPlHS
ItlMAfDRUN ItlGDKUn
 V.  OUCIlf
CtmAtlRUn hi TtKACANlHUR
IHCHI lUBC'NAS
rpACMiionjMAS  askuPiA  r
ffACHtLilXDMAS  IhSUtka
IPtCHl lOHuNAS  IHllkMcOIA
(PACHIlOnOhA^  PlANCIOMUA
TRACHLLUHUNA)  SPP.

  I01AL
                                                     04  Id  7<,
                                                                           01
t ctri
til
cu
cu
cu
Ul
CCl
cu
cu
cu
ru
in
COL
cu
cu
cu
cu
cu
cu
t u
cu
cu
cu
III
cu
CEl
cu
cu
cot
cu
cu
cu
cu
til
CGI
CCl
CCl
Ml
cu
Cfl
cu
cu
cu
CCl
cu
cot
cu
cu
cu
Cl'l
CIU
COl
cu
cu
cu
III
cu
cu
cu
cu
cu
COL
CEl
CEl
cu
cu
CEl
en
AU.AI
UNI IS
S 1C PI* HI


S
1

?
















2
































i













. .
t.'i
4b.P

?<•.»





3.fc

1.?





].«.


13.0















0.6



'J.r












l.J



0.2









<•« 71
i
















17.2


li.i







17.2





6.^


1 .7
6 .^











e.'t
!>.;





3 .*>
t


1.7


1.7
1.7
3.-.
1.7

3.<<




'







>
60S

K
725

I




X
bOi





322

X
e i
322
X


A



X



M 2
2*2





Ibl



81


b 1
61
161
61

Ibl






I


1
X
I
131 !>.;i 2<>?
AlCAl
UNI1S
S 1C PER HI





1






3









S



















«.











l'

















*».«




1.6

8.2







I


137



46
I



I




4673
                  278«
                                                 22

-------
I AM NAHt: JOHNSON
STURET  NUHBEH: 3105
                                                  NYGAARU  TROPHIC  STATE  1NCICES

                                            LA It    .Vt  It  'ft  07 Cl  7".  >,9  3v  7C t
03/0 t
10/0 t
O.C8 ?
0.^5 ?
lb/0 t
3. v>0 t
b . 00 £
0. 11 ?
1 . CO t
\2 .0 E
    PALMER'S ORGANIC  POLLUTION  1NC1CES

DATE    jO.CO
2 .98
30. CO
1 .00
S .91
O.C9
13*i57. 6b
*il6.oO
0.61
0 .t> J
150. t>3
1607.CO
3. 06
3*. JO
1.00
5. 09
C.09
1^^83.60
iObO.OO
C.bO
C'.tsO
I<>E. a?
2232. OC
                                        23

-------
   i AKI  i-»m i  joii
   SIHKll  HUflblRi
• E'HI INUEO
                                                                              0?  01 74
                                                                                                  0V 30  I*
   IAIA

   AM INASIttU*
   AIIAUAI NA
   All* I SIRlH.f SMU1  F/.ICAIUS
   AHIANI/UntHIIN H1IS-AOUA(
   AS IlKIUNII 1 A FURMUSA
   CAR IEKIA
   ClkAtlllfl  HlKIINIIIIIllt A
   I . ">< ill I ICUM
   Ctll AniODMUNAS
   ClUSIIKIUrt
   cniiASikun  CANBRKUII
   Choc loi NIA  ii i k A i' i D i A
   CfriiinuNAi  ions*
   CRVIMimilNAS  flAHSMIKI I
  CR»M(IMHNAS  NlFll XA
  CU HIM a A
  CYNBIUA fUHlOA
  IIAC [ItllCIICCIIPSIS IRKtGlll ARIS
  UlAIUhA  IIUHOAIUH
  uicirusdiAmuH  ruicmuun
  IUCI I HA
  (Ul.llflA  II
  IIAGIIIAIl  >1
  IKAtlt AKJA
  FKAGIIAKIA CRIHUNINMS
  ctihPtuiNtnA
  tVHNIIIHNIUH At BUI UH
  r. 1 1
III.
» 1 1
1 1
X III.
77 1 1
3B III.
38 1 1
111.
I 1 1
1 1
I 1 1
18 111.
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
| |
77 1 1
> 1 1
1 1
77 1 1
38 1 1
1 1
1 1 1 .0
« 1 1
> 1 1
209 1 1 1.9
1 1
1 1
I 1 1
[El IIII3.M 237CO 12116.4
[11 131 l.tl
aii i
Fl 1 1 1
(11 1 1 0.11
aii i
499 ||
I 141 4.8
« 1 1
38 1 1
1 1
1 1 O.bl 30
141 4.11 20B
1 1 1
261 121 9.41 476
1 1 1

X


I
117

43

X

73 <»
1607

4 3

i i
1 1

1 0.61 30
1 O.bl 30
1 1.81 tW
| t
1 4.1 f 708
1 1 X
1 1.81 69

1 O.bl 30
II X
14.11 2 06
1 1 X
| |
1 |
i i
304 11144.11 I'M
1 1 1
|| | x
1 1 1
1 1 O.bl 10
II I
• 7 1 | |
1 1 1
III 1
43 1 1 1
1 1 1
43 1 1 1
1 1 O.bl 30
fl ( 1514.71 236
1 1 1.81 B9

I
43
X

x



I
X





43
X

« ?
X
i

1 5.31 2t>B
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
I
1
I
1 0.6
1

1

1 0.6
1 O.b
1 2.4
1
1
1 0.6
739 (3110. t
< 1 1
217 1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1

1




,


X

30


X

30
30
119
1
I
3(1
»3b




I
                                                                              4 bib
                                                24

-------
LAKE  HAflf :  HCCONAUCHY
S KJ^E T NU^Bf h : 31Gb
                                                     NYGAARU  7ROPH1C  SFAIE  ] M) IC[S

                                              LA IE    ;H  it  I*,   u7 01  ?<.   ,9  <>7  7*.

                                      lYXLPHYCf- AN     01/C E     OJ/0  I     2. 10  E
                                   CHLORCJPHYCtAN     05/C {     07/0  t     7.00  E
                                    !UGIENOPHYI£     0/ob ?     u/10  ?     J.CC  ?
                                           DIATPK     0.33 E     0.33  E     J.36  t
                                         COMPOUND     C.«J/0 t     12/0  E     1J .C  L
                                                  PALMIR'S  URGANIC  PlillUIION iNDlCtS

                                             DATE    0* 15  7^i  07 01  Tt   09  27 7 j V 1 DUAL S / TAXA
                                              SPECIES  OlVtKSlIY AND  AtUNDANCf  INDICES

                                              Alt   0*  15 ?••   07 'Jl  7
-------
   i»«i  NAfu i  NCCiiNAumir
   stunt i Nunmm  not
CIlKl I Null.
                                                        OS  14 74
                                                                           07  (Jl 7".
  IAXA
  ANKISIKUUIShUS IAMAIUS
   V.  HIKABIllS
  APHANI/lmtNliN IIOS-AUUAI
  ASItRIOMMLA lOKHOS*
  CAKIIRlA
  CQCCIIHt IS
  cuiiASlMun  t«neii
 IRAGIIAKIA II
 »*A(,lttKlt CAPUCIKA
 IRAGIIAKIA CRIIIIININSIS
 IRAtllARIA UPIUSUURUK
 GimPlllimiU 01 I VAC I UN
 GrnNIIIIIIIIUfl OKOINAIUH
 KUCIINiKlf II*
 MPIICINCII S
 ItNOBIA
 HI I OS Ik t  i*
 NIIUSIKA  CRANUlAlA
 nil US IX A  I IA1 1C*
 HI UISIKA  VARIANS
 hit nmiPIDIt HINIHA
 lURACIINIUfl
 niiRiicrsn s  AIHUMNUSA
 nnuc,tui IA
 NAVICUI A
 NAVICULA I I
 HAVICULA H
 MtVICUlA I)
 Nl USUIIA
 IIOCVSII5
 (ISCUIAIUK It
 PIIIIASIKim GltRTANUn
 PIIINAM CIAIDNS
 Mill 1C US Pill N| A
 KHUI'AIUUIA CIBBA
SCINIIUSIUM AMCUAIUS
SCtNtUtSHUS U8LIUUUS
SCINIUI SHU5 UPUl IINbIS
sci iiini snus CRUIUBEMANS
SCINIH SHU5 OUAOKUAUOA
sctHEdt snus sci>.
SCIIROIOCKI A SI TICIKA
5HUHAS I nun
S I E PMANIJdl SCUS
SlIRIHILlA  •)
JURIHILlt  II
STMIDtA  AC US
STNCOPA  UlNA
MIKAIOkUN  CAUUAIUD
II IRAf URON  nlNlnuH
II iRtsmun  t Mttikun
IIIRASIRUII  HAUSOCt Nl AUURBI

  IUIAI
1 AllAl
1 UNI IS
mm is u plk HI
Cfl 111.31 |>4
1 1 1
Cfl 1 1 0.31 19
1 U II 1
CH 11142.31 i!73
CM 1 1 O.JI 19
CM l| | ,
1 1 1
CUI 1 1 I
Cll 1 1 I
(111 1 1 1
CM 131 b.OI 734
Cll 1 1 1
1 1 1
CM 1 1 |
CM | | |
Cll 1 1 |
CM | | 3.21 316
CUI 1 1 |
Cll 1213). 61 4362
CM 1 1 1
CM | | | (
CM 1 | 0.9| U6
CM II | x
CM 1 | |
CM m 1.91 in
Cll 1 1 |
CM 1 1 |
Ml II |
CM 1 1 |
CM 1 1 |
Cll 1 1 1.91 232
CM 1 1 0.61 77
CUI 1 1 |
CM 1 | |
CM 1 1 |
COl | | |
111 II 1
CM 1 1 1
Cll 1 1 1
CH 1 1 1 I
CM | | |
Cil 1 |
CM | |
III 1 1
Clll 1 |
Cll 1 0.91 116
CM III
CM 1 1
COl 1 |
COl 1 |
cm i i
CUI III
COl 1 1
COl 1 1 »
COI 1 0.61 77
Cll 1 1
CM 1 1
CM |4| l.BI 40)
CM 1 1 1
Cll 1 1
CM 1 0.31 19
CM 1 |
CM III
CM 1 1
cm i i
Clll 1 1
1 AlCAl |
1 UN 1 1 S I
IS 1C PIR Nl IS
III II
III II
III II
121 7. HI 2>« 1 1
IM14.JI 473 1 1
III II.
Ill II
III II
1 1 1.31 43 II
III ||
III II
tc
1

1
I
1.01
1
1
1
1
1
1
' 1 I 11120.71
11113.01 410 | 1
III |
13113.01 430 |
III 1
III I |
1 1 2. HI 16 14113
II 1 111
1 IIO.M 344 U||7
II 1 III
III II
I4IIB.2I 602 1 1
III ||
II 1 III
II 1 III
1 1 1.11 4) 1 |
III ||
II 1 III
.
1
1
1
.21
.11
.9)
1
|
|


.01
1
1
i
•'I II 1.91
II 7. HI 21 1 I2IH.5I
III II-
III ||
i
III II t.il
III III
II 1 III
III II
III II
II 1 III
III II
|| ||
1 1 1
1 1 1
II 13.
II 13.
I 1 1
II 14.
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 > 1
1 1 « 1 1
1 1 lil 7.
110.41 3
-------
lAKt  NAJIt:  PAHNfE  LAKE
STOKtJ  NUnfiEfs 3J07
                                                 NY&6AKI)  TKCPH1C STATE  INDICES

                                           i-Alf   C   7*
       Mt AN NUKbtS
      NUMBER/HI uf
   H
   S
   M
«AXH
MNH
   0
   N
   J
  RJ
   L
   K
                                                    Z.U
                                                   21 .CO
                                                    ^ • uu
                                                    4.39
                                                 IfcQb.C'O
tc.eu
           33.(JO
            2. co
            S.C4
                                                           27B9.00
                                                               0.7J
                                                            63*. GO
 2
27
 2
 71
.00
                   2057.
                      C.
                      C.
                                                                         C. Ifc
   JC
   57
   56
                    7t>i.0'0
                                      27

-------
  I AM  *A1H (-Akhll  LAKt
  \ILKI  NunbHt  j]<;7
                                                                            ./ 0?  7*
  111*

  AhABAlNA
  AFHAN12UnENDN lltlS-AUUAt
  AS ImlCJNULA HWnUS*
  (.EftAMlM  HlkUMIINI II A
   (. fLkCJJOfS
  CILSILR1UH
               CUCCPIL CIlllO CllOflT   Cll

            • I
ClbSIERlim H
ClUSIlklufl 13
CliCCblO ClHCsr
 CGUASIUUN
 CGUOSPHAEDIUn NAK.U lANU*
 CGSMAfcluN
 CRUC1CEMIA  klCIAhtulABlS  ?
 CRTf t( HL'KAS  EKOSA
 cir rpi(jnriHAj  rA*
 irciLiluiA  n NLOIIIN I ««A
 CTCIJII HA  STILL Jv,lN*
 DAC UllltlJCCOPSlS  UkEul'lARIl
 t'lc in SP
 UllrUUkTlN LilvtkGtNS
 DlNLhtTLN «/t,  LUMCA
 II AKAILTHfcll
 (ILUHlHA llf&ANS
 lUCLENA
 IIAGEUATC tl
 IIAGLILAIE ••*
 IHtllAKlA
 MihfLI'.IUH ttHMUL. iNlllft
 fcl t NOI'lKlUD bflNlilj IN IJft
  v.  biscurtti iroftHt
 ^AllOhUNAS CAUDAIA
 "1 I'JSIkA
 "IlLSIRA  II
           GKANULATA
  V.
           SPf.
NAVICUlt
cot »sus
UFniocirllun  l
JlC IllAHIR IA UNUIS
"tfJlASifcun L'uPLti
1'IUIAblkuH UUFIEI
 V.
 V.  UUIUlhAklUM
PIK IlilHl J«(
thACOS
UlKuibikl A SI I1&LRA
SPKAlKtllTS IIS  SCMkUt Itkl
ill fMAHIJIU SCUJ II
Ml CHANIIUl SCUS ASIRAI A
Ml PH
I»ACM(IOI(JNA$
1
lilliH IS t(
Ml II
III II
CEl ll 3.b
CU 1 1
Cll 1 |
1 1
CEl 1 1
Cll II
CCL 1 |
CU 1 1
CEl II
CU II
CEl 1
rti I
f II 1
CUL 1
1
CU 1
1
CCl 1
1
Cll 1 1
CU 1
CLL 1
CU 1
(111 1

Cll 1
Cll 1
Cll 13 ».»
Cll 1
Cll 1
CEl 1
AllAL 1
ONI IS 1
PIR HI IS 1C
1 1 1 1 0 . t
1 1 3.v.
21? II
1 1
I 1 1
1 1
X 1
1
1 1 .
1
> 1
1
1 1 .
1
1 1 .
1
1
111 tl .
* 1 1
3K 1 1
1 1
33 1 1
1 1
113.
I 1 1
t*9 II
1 1
I 1 1

" 113.0
1 1 O
> 1

1
1
1

1 1
1)1 10.6
1 1
I 1 1 6.1
1 1
1 13..
I 1 1
1
I 1
1 1-3
1 10
1
1
1
11 10
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 U . i
1
1
I 1
X 41 3.
1*7 1
I 1
1 1 01
I 1 1
41 CM 1 ALCAl
on Hi i UNI is
Pie fll is 1C fix ni
1 Z96 1 1 C. SI 16
1 8S 13118.61 3d?
II 1 X
1 1 1
1 1 1
i i o.ai ie
i i i
ii i a
'•i 1 1 1
XII I
1 1 1
III 1
'•^ i i c.8i it
iii i
*<• i i ?.3i <.t
Xl| |
XII 1

1 1 1
> 1 1 1
1 1 l.bl 32
1 1 I

1 .61 16
| |

II I
1 1 I

3*0 1 1
* i 1 1

I 1 1.61 W
1 i
I 1 1
I 1 1
1 1 1
II 1 1
296 1 1 1 I
1 1 1
169 II 1
I<-|)7.2I 7fcS
84 Mil*. 01 ;t>7
1 1 1
XII 1
1 1
<•
1 1 1
<•.? II 1 I
1 1 1
XII I
I I
* 1 1 X
1 1 I
1 1 >
33b 1 ,.ttl ic,
1 1 >
< 1 1
1 1
US il H.7t 96
1 1
1 1
*Z 1 1 1
1 1 1
                                                       28

-------
IAKF  hAHft  SHIRHAN  COUKTY  RtS.
STDKET  NUMBER: 3108
                                                 NYGAAfci)  TROPHIC  STATE INClCtS

                                           DAIE    us 17 7S   07  01  7<.  09 27 7<,
                                   hYXOPHYCf AN
                                 CHlOPOPHYCEAh
                                  tUGlENOPHYTt
                                        DIATOM
                                      COMPOUND
03/0 t
02/0 E
0/05 ?
0.50 E
07/0 E
02/0 I
C2/t £
0/0-. ?
1.00 t
00 /O t
2.00 I
1.00 t
0/06 ?
O.SO £
b.CO f
                                               PALMER'S UKGAN1C PCLLUTION INDICES

                                          OATf    0*  17 T,  07 01  74   09 Z7 7S
                                         GENUS
                                       SPECIES
             0*
             CO
             01
             00
              02
              02
                                           SPECItS DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE  INDICES
                       AVERAGE DIVERSITY
                          NUntUfi OF  1AXA
           NUMBER OF  SAMPLES  COMPOSITED
                       MAXIMUM DIVERSITY
                       M1NUMUM DIVERSITY
                         IblAl Ol^tRSlTY
         TOTAl  NUMliCR  OF  I NO 1 V 1 OUA I S/M
                       IVlNtSS CUMPCKENT
                       RIIAI1VE  EVENfSS
       Ml AN  NUMtibK UF 1NO 1V1DUAtS/TAXA
      Nur(Hk/ML  UF MOST  ABUNDANT  TAXON
DATE

   H
   S
   H
KAXH
M1NH
   D
   N
   J
  KJ
   I
   K
                                                     17  7S   07 01 T,  09  27  7
-------
lint  HAM I SHIRHAN  CIJUKIV RtS.
slost I  honnmi JiOb
 |A«A

 ANAGAIKA
 tPllANllUHlNCN FICi-ACUAE
 ASIielUMLLA FORRUSA
 OLOIIS LEUISII
 CIPAl IUH HIKUNDINcll A
 ClUS 11 Mud
 COCC3NEIS
 CfcTPTLflUMAS
 CKYPIOnUNAS IRUSA
 CTANCPHTTAN FILARENT
 CYCIOUILA (IINEGHIHIAKA
 CTr.AlbFltURA EUIPI1CA
 f .  SPlKAL li
                                     Cllhl IKl'EC
                                                        17
                                                                       G7 01 7*
                                                                                         0° 27 7-H«NUUISCU$ AilRAtA
tiPn
F1L
* 11
CEl
CEl
Cf L
Cfl
Cll
CEl
CEl
HI
CCL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEl
CEL
CEl
CEl
CCl
CCl
Cll
Cfl
Cll
Itl
tot
tot
ctu
COL
CEl
CEl
CCl
Cll
CEl
COl
cut
cut
CCL
CCl
tlbAl
UhltS
S 1C Flk ni

.
1





1






*
5























31. »





2.9



». 7


17.1
11.*


11.*







s.7




4.7





. I

103





*6



91
I

27*
183


183

1

I



91




91

I

41 (it
U'U 1 b
S XC PH HI








1






*








3



















17. S






27. •>








3.,.,

l.u









111 10.0
1 1



X
X


1
269






*2 J


I





*t 1

77








1
1)*

AIGAL
UNI IS
S XC PCD HI
1 1
21 3.01 92








1







*




J





















1.0
*.c

l.C


i.J


7.«




*.o
2.0














X
X
X

31
12?
X
31

X
111
, .'
jl
!2*'*i

X

X
122
bl
X


X
t
X
. - x

X


1.01 31
1 I
CCl 121 B.61 137 12110.01 IS* 11171.21 2IS8
                                                       D99
                                                                         1--.30
                                                  30

-------
LAKE MADE: SUflNSCM
STOfitT NUMBER:  3110
                                               NYGAAkC  IKUPH1C  STATE INDICES

                                         DATE   0*  15 74   06 28 74  09 27 74
                                  MYXOPHYCEAN
                                CHLOPOPHYCEAN
                                 EUGUNOPHYTE
                                       oiAion
                                     COF1POUNO
0/C2 0
1.00 E
0/02 ?
C.12 ?
1.50 E
3.00 E
4.00 E
0.1* ?
0.50 E
9.00 E
1.5C E
  09 2? 74
                                        GENUS
                                      SPECIES
    01
    02
    00
    00
    11
    03
                                          SPECIES  DIVERSITY  AND ABUNDANCE INDICES
                                         DATE

                       [AVERAGE DIVERSITY
                          NUHBtR (if TAXA
           NUR8ER  OF  SAMPLES COPIPOSlTfD
                               D1VEKS1TY MAXH
                               DIVERSITY PllNH
                         TOTAL DIVERSITY
         TOTAL NUMBER OF  1NUI V1 DUALS/HI
                       EVIKESS COnPCNENT
                        RELATIVE EVfNESS
        MEAN NUH6ER  OF IND1VI DUALS/TAXA
       NUHBEK/ni UF  HOST  ABUNDANT TAXON
                                                    15  7*   Ob 28 7
-------
I ARE hARII  SBAKSUH
SlClRtT NURfcEPl lllu
lAIA

ANA8AENA
ANMSIRUDESmiS fALCAIUS
 V. ACICUIAKIS
APHAMl/CinENON IIOS-A3UAE
ASIEPinNEllA (OBB314
(IRAtlUI-  HIKUNOIMELLA  .
ClfUIIUH  HlfcllMDII«EllA
 F. FURC010ES
CHLAHIUOHCINAS T
CLOS1EPIUK
CiusiERlun. ol
CCCCCNEIS PlACENlULA
                                     CONIIKUEO
                                                        IS  7-,
                                                                                          01  27
CUSAARtUN
CftUCIbENIA APlCUlalA
CRTPtLnUNAS EfcOSA
CRTPtLHUNAS OVATA
C&rPItj.lJMAS REflEXA
CTCIOULIA niNI»HINlAh«
CT^DEILA
DENI KU1A
OICTTOSP.IAIRIUM PULCrtELtUM
OINUB^TUN OIVERCEllS
EUUUKIhA
(UCltNA
FIAGEILAIC  PI
fLACElLAUS
FRAOUAR1A  CROIONU.S1S
GIENOCINIUR
It POC INCUS
HI I OS IRA
 V.  ANUUSI ISSIBA
RIOUCTitlS ALMUC.INOSA
HICBOCTSIIS INCEHIA
MVICUI «
NAVUbLA 01
HIU^CHIA »1
NIlIiCHlA «?
•II/SCMIA 0}
O&CtiUS
OSCItlArORlA
PlDlAirtUtl  DUPllI
 V.  RET1CUIATUN
fl s iDlHlun
PHlCUi  HECAIUCSIS
PINNULARIA
SCCNILESHUS CAlAICklCUS  1
SCthlLESruS IlKClRPHUS
fCHkOIUIBI A SE lIUEkA
             CHAETCClkuS
       Notl SCUi  NIAlAkAi
lUt I Ull./  C.VA1A
If *CMtt jr.OMAi flUVlATUIS
IV «CMfLUflON»S VEkKlCCSA

  ICIAl
FOPR
F.Il
CEl
Fit
CEL
CEl
CEl
CEl
CEL
CEl
CFl
CCl
cri •
Ctl
Cl L
Cfl
CEl
CEl
cci
CIL
ecu
CEl
CEl
COL
CEl
CEl
CIL
Cll
CEl
CEl
CEl
CCl
CCl
CEl
C.El
CEl
Cll
Cll
CEl
,FJl
COl
CEl
CEl
CEL
CCl
ecu
till
Cll
Ctl
Ul
Cll
CEL
CEl
CEl
ALtAl
UNI IS
S ' 1C PEI 11



1











"
?




.


<,


J




























9*. 3












•l.S







0.8


0.5




























1 !>?!••




I

>




X
7C»
I
X





12!>

.
61





1
I
X






X
I



1

X



MbAl
UHlt S
S tc Pi 8 ni














c










S
3



















«

1




1.VI 3b

l.v
l.v










17.:







1 .4


2u.7
17..

1 .9








3.6








16. V

13. 
I


336





X
X
3b

X
-13
33 H

J8

I






7)








376

Jt>3


AlCAl
UNllS
S 

I
II

X
466





X



X



X

I

169
I
I
B6

69
293
X
X
I
?


17 '
17
17
I
S12

I
li 1 •..*! 1?C
1 1 3.11 et,
                                                      10131
1W3
                  2752
                                                 32

-------
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing) t
1. REPORTNO. 2
EPA-600/3-79-066
4. TITLE ANDSU8TITLE
DISTRIBUTION OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN NEBRASKA LAKES
7. AUTHOH(S)
F.A. Morris, M.K. Morris, W.D. Taylor, L.R. Williams,
S.C. Hern, V.W. Lambou
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
Office of Research and Development
J.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Las Vegas, NV 89114
12. SPONSORING AGENCV NAME AND ADDRESS
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-Las Vegas, NV
)ffice of Research and Development
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
Las Vegas, NV 89114
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.
5. REPORT DATE
June 1979
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE 1
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO. 1
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
1BD884 I
1. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED I
03-15-74 to 11-20-74
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE 1
EPA/600/07
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES I
  16. ABSTRACT
       This  is  a  data report presenting the species  and  abundance of phytoplankton
  in the 9 lakes  sampled by the National Eutrophication  Survey  in the State of
  Nebraska.  Results  from the calculation of several water quality indices  are also
  included (Nygaard's Trophic State Index, Palmer's  Organic  Pollution Index,  and
  species diversity and  abundance indices).
17. KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
a. DESCRIPTORS
*aquat1c microbiology
lakes
*phytoplankton
water quality
18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
RELEASE TO PUBLIC
b. IDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
Nebraska
lake eutrophication
Nygaard's trophic indices
Balmer's organic pollu-
tion indices
Species diversity and
abundance indices
19. SECURITY CLASS (This Report)
UNCLASSIFIED
20. SECURITY CLASS (This page/
UNCLASSIFIED
c. COSATI Field/Group ]
06 C, M
08 H
13 B
21. NO. OF PAGES
40
22. PRICE
A03
EPA form 2220-1 (R»v. 4-77)   PREVIOUS EDITION is OBSOLETE

-------