United States
               Environmental Protection
               Agency
               Environmental Monitoring
               and Support Laboratory
               P 0. Box 15027
               Las Vegas NV 89114
EPA-600/3-79-117
December 1979
               Research and Development
&ERA
Distribution  of
Phytoplankton  in
Nevada  Lakes

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                  RESEARCH REPORTING SERIES

Research reports of the Office of Research and  Development,  U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency,  have been grouped into nine series.  These nine broad categories
were established to facilitate further development and application of environmental
technology.  Elimination of traditional grouping was consciously  planned  to foster
technology transfer and maximum interface in related fields. The nine series are:

      1.   Environmental Health Effects Research
      2.   Environmental Protection Technology
      3.   Ecological Research
      4.   Environmental Monitoring
      5.   Socioeconomic Environmental Studies
      6.   Scientific and Technical Assessment Reports (STAR)
      7.   Interagency Energy—Environment Research and Development
      8.   "Special" Reports
      9.   Miscellaneous Reports
This report has been assigned to the ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH series.  This series
describes research on the effects of pollution on humans.plant and animal species, and
materials. Problems are assessed for their long-and short-term influences. Investiga-
tions include formations, transport, and  pathway studies to determine the fate of
pollutants and their effects. This work provided the technical basis for setting standards
to minimize undesirable changes in living organisms in the aquatic, terrestrial, and
atmospheric environments.
 This document is available to the public through the National Technical Information
 Service, Springfield. Virginia  22161

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                                          EPA-600/3-79-117
                                          December 1979
  DISTRIBUTION  OF  PHYTOPLANKTON  IN  NEVADA  LAKES

                        by

   V. W.  Lambou, F. A. Morn's*,  M.  K. Morris*,
   W. D.  Taylor, L. R. Williams, and S. C. Hern

         Water and Land Quality Branch
         Monitoring Operations  Division
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
           Las Vegas, Nevada  89114

       *Department of Biological Sciences
       University of Nevada, Las Vegas
            Las Vegas, Nevada  89154
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND SUPPORT LABORATORY
       OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
      U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
            LAS VEGAS,  NEVADA  89114

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                                DISCLAIMER

     This report has been reviewed by the Fnvironmental  Monitoring and
Support Laboratory-Las Vegas,  U.S.  Environmental  Protection Agency, and
approved for publication.  Mention of trade names or commercial  products does
not constitute endorsement or recommendation for  use.
                                       n

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                                 FOREWORD

      Protection  of  the  environment  requires effective regulatory actions
 which are based  on  sound technical  and  scientific  information.  This
 information  must  include the quantitative description and linking of
 pollutant sources,  transport mechanisms, interactions, and resulting effects
 on man  and his environment.  Because of the complexities involved, assessment
 of specific  pollutants  in  the environment requires a total systems approach
 which transcends  the media of air, water, and land.  The Environmental
 Monitoring and Support  Lahoratory-Las Vegas contributes to the formation and
 enhancement  of a  sound  monitoring data base for exposure assessment through
 programs  designed to:

              • develop  and optimize systems and strategies for monitoring
               pollutants and their impact on the environment

              •demonstrate new monitoring systems and technologies by
               applying them to fulfill special  monitoring needs of the
               Agency's operating programs
     This report presents the species and abundance of phytoplankton in the
10 lakes sampled by the National Eutrophication Survey in the State of
Nevada, along with results from the calculation of several  commonly used
biological indices of water quality and community structure.  These data can
be used to biologically characterize the study lakes, and as baseline data
for future investigations.  This report was written for use by Federal,
State, and local governmental  agencies concerned with water quality analysis,
monitoring, and/or regulation.  Private industry and individuals similarly
involved with the biological  aspects of water quality will  find the document
useful.  For further information contact the Water and Land Quality Branch,
Monitoring Operations Division.
                            George B.  Morgan
                                Director
            Environmental  Monitoring and Support Laboratory
                               Las Vegas

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                                CONTENTS

                                                                       Page

Foreword	   iii

Introduction 	      '

Materials and Methods   	     2

     Lake and Site Selection	     2

     Sample Preparation  	     2

     Examination 	     3

     Quality Control  	     4

Results  	      5

     Nygaard's Trophic State Indices 	      5

     Palmer's Organic  Pollution Indices  	      5

     Species Diversity and Abundance Indices 	      7

     Species Occurrence and Abundance  	      9

Literature Cited 	     10

Appendix A.  Phytoplankton Species list for the State
             of Nevada	     11

Appendix B.  Summary of Phytoplankton Data 	     14

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                                INTRODUCTION

     The collection and  analysis of phytoplankton data  were  included  in the
National Eutrophication  Survey in an effort to determine  relationships between
algal characteristics and trophic status  of individual  lakes.

     During spring, summer, and fall of 1975,  the Survey  sampled  156  lakes in
11 States.  Over 4-50 algal  species and varieties were identified  and
enumerated from the 430 water samples examined.

     This report presents the species and abundance of phytoplankton  in the
10 lakes sampled in the State of Nevada (Table 1).  The Mygaard's Trophic
State (Nygaard 1949), Palmer's Organic Pollution (Palmer  1969),  and  species
diversity and abundance indices are also  included.
          TABLE 1.  LAKES SAMPLED IN THE STATE OF NEVADA
STORET No.
Lake Name
County
   3201


   3202

   3204

   3205



   3206


   3207

   3208

   3209

   3210

   3211
Lake Mead


Lahontan Reservoir

Rye Patch Reservoir

Lake Tahoe



Topaz Reservoir


Upper Pahranagat Lake

Washoe Lake

Wildhorse Reservoir

Wilson Sink Reservoir

Walker Lake
Clark (Mohave in
Ariz.)

Lyon, Churchill

Pershing

Washoe, Carson City,
Douglas (Placer,
El Dorado in Calif.)

Douglas (Mono in
Calif.)

Lincoln

Washoe

Elko

Elko

Mineral

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                            MATERIALS AND METHODS
LAKE AND SITE SELECTION
     Lakes and reservoirs included in the Survey were selected through
discussions with State water pollution agency personnel  and U.S.  Environmental
Protection Agency Regional  Offices (U.S. Environmental  Protection Agency
1975).  Screening and selection strongly emphasized lakes with actual  or
potential  accelerated eutrophication problems.  As a result, the  selection was
1imited to lakes:

     (1) impacted by one or more municipal  sewage treatment plant outfalls
         either directly into the lake or by discharge to an inlet tributary
         within approximately 40 kilometers of the lake;

     (2) 40 hectares or larger in size; and

     (3) with a mean hydraulic retention time of at least 30 days.

Specific selection criteria were waived for some lakes of particular State
interest.

     Sampling sites for a lake were selected based on available information on
lake morphornetry, potential major sources of nutrient input, and  on-site
judgment of the field limnologist (U.S. Environmental  Protection  Agency 1975).
Primary sampling sites were chosen to reflect the deepest portion of each
major basin in a test lake.  Where many basins were present, selection was
guided by nutrient source information on hand.  At each  sampling  site, a
depth-integrated phytoplankton sample was taken.  Depth-integrated samples
were uniform mixtures of water from the surface to a depth of 15  feet
(4.6 meters) or from the surface to the lower limit of the photic zone
representing 1 percent of the incident light, whichever  was greater.  If the
depth at the sampling site was less than 15 feet (4.6 meters), the sample was
taken from just off the bottom to the surface.  Normally, a lake  was sampled
three times in 1 year, providing information on spring,  summer, and fall
conditions.


SAMPLE PREPARATION

     To preserve the sample 4 milliliters (ml) of Acid-Lugol's solution
(Prescott 1970) were added to each 130-ml sample from each site at the time of
collection.  The samples were shipped to the Environmental Monitoring  and
Support Laboratory, Las Vegas, Nevada, where equal  volumes from each site

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were mixed to form two 130-ml composite samples for a given lake.   One
composite sample was put into storage and the other was used for the
examination.

     Prior to examination, the composite samples were concentrated by the
settling method.  Solids were allowed to settle for at least 24 hours prior to
siphoning off the supernate.  The volume of the removed supernate and the
volume of the remaining concentrate were measured and concentrations
determined.  A small (8-ml) library subsample of the concentrate was then
taken.  The remaining concentrate was gently agitated to resuspend the
plankton and poured into a capped, graduated test tube.  If a preliminary
examination of a sample indicated the need for a more concentrated sample,  the
contents of the test tube were further concentrated by repeating the settling
method.  Final concentrations varied from 15 to 40 times the original.

     Permanent slides were prepared from concentrated samples after analysis
was complete.  A ring of clear Karo® corn syrup with phenol (a few crystals of
phenol were added to each 100 ml  of syrup) was placed on a glass slide.   A
drop of superconcentrate from the bottom of the test tube was placed in the
ring.  This solution was thoroughly mixed and topped with a coverglass.   After
the syrup at the edges of the coverglass had hardened, the excess was scraped
away and the mount was sealed with clear fingernail polish.  Permanent diatom
slides were prepared by drying sample material on a coverglass, heating  in  a
muffle furnace at 400° C for 45 minutes, and mounting in Hyrax®.  Finally,  the
mounts were sealed with clear fingernail polish.

     Backup samples, library samples, permanent sample slides, and
Hyrax-mounted diatom slides are being stored and maintained at the
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory-Las Vegas.


EXAMINATION

     The phytoplankton samples were examined with the aid of binocular
compound microscopes.  A preliminary examination was performed to precisely
identify and list all forms encountered.  The length of this examination
varied depending on the complexity of the sample.  An attempt was made to find
and identify all of the forms present in each sample.  Often forms were
observed which could not be identified to species or to genus.  Abbreviated
descriptions were used to keep a record of these forms (e.g., lunate cell,
blue-green filament, Navicula #1).  Diatom slides were examined using a
standard light microscope.   If greater resolution was essential to accurately
identify the diatoms, a phase-contrast microscope was used.

     After the species list was compiled, phytoplankton were enumerated using
a Neubauer Counting Chamber with a 40X objective lens and a 10X ocular lens.
All forms within each field were counted.  The count was continued until a
minimum of 100 fields had been viewed, or until the dominant form had been
observed a minimum  of 100 times.
®Registered trademark

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QUALITY CONTROL

     Project phycologists performed internal quality control intercomparisons
regularly on 7 percent of the species identification and counts.  Although an
individual had primary responsibility for analyzing a sample, taxonomic
problems were discussed among the phycologists.

     Additional quality control  checks were performed on the Survey samples by
Dr. G. W. Prescott of the University of Montana at the rate of 5 percent.
Quality control checks were made on 75 percent of these samples to verify
species identifications while checks were made on the remaining 25 percent of
the samples to verify genus counts.  Presently, the agreement between quality
control checks for species identification and genus enumerations is
satisfactory.

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                                   RESULTS


     A phytoplankton species list for the State is  presented  in  Appendix  A.
Appendix B summarizes all  of the phytoplankton data collected from  the  State
by the Survey.  The latter is organized by lake, and includes an  alphabetical
phytoplankton species list with concentrations for  individual  species given by
sampling date.  Results from the application of several  indices  are presented
(Nygaard's Trophic State,  Palmer's Organic Pollution, and species diversity
and abundance).  Each lake has been assigned a four-digit STORET number.
(STORET (STOrage and RETrieval) is the U.S.  Environmental  Protection Agency's
computer system which processes and maintains water quality data.)   The first
two digits of the STORET number identify the State; the last  two digits
identify the lake.


NYGAARD'S TROPHIC STATE INDICES

     Five indices devised  by Nygaard (1949)  were proposed under the assumption
that certain algal groups  are indicative of levels  of nutrient enrichment.
These indices were calculated in order to aid in determining  the surveyed
lakes' trophic status.  As a general rule, Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta, centric
diatoms, and members of the Chlorococcales are found in waters that are
eutrophic (rich in nutrients), while desmids and many pennate diatoms
generally cannot tolerate  high nutrient levels and  so are found in
oligotrophic waters (poor  in nutrients).

     In applying the indices to the Survey data, the number of taxa in  each
major group was determined from the species list for each sample.  The  ratios
of these groups give numerical values which can be  used as a biological index
of water richness.  The five indices and the ranges of values established for
Danish lakes by Nygaard for each trophic state are  presented in Table  2.   The
appropriate symbol, (E) eutrophic and (0) oligotrophic, follows each
calculated value in the tables in Appendix B.  A question mark (?)  following  a
calculated value in these tables was entered when that value was within the
range of both classifications.


PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION  INDICES

     Palmer  (1969) analyzed  reports from 165 authors and developed  algal
pollution indices  for  use in rating water samples with high organic pollution.
Two lists of  organic-pollution-tolerant forms were prepared, one containing
20 genera, the other,  20 species  (Tables 3 and 4).    Each form was assigned a
pollution index number  ranging from 1 for moderately tolerant forms to 6 for

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  TABLE 2.  NYGAARD'S TROPHIC STATE INDICES ADAPTED FROM HUTCHINSON (1967)
Index
Calculation
Oligotrophlc     Eutrophic
Myxophycean
Chlorophycean
Diatom
Euglenophyte
Compound
Myxophyceae
Desmideae
Chi orococcales
Desmideae
Centric Diatoms
Pennate Diatoms
Euglenophyta
Myxophyceae + Chi orococcales
Myxophyceae + Chi orococcales +
0.0-0.4
0.0-0.7
0.0-0.3
0.0-0.2
0.0-1.0
0.1-3.0
0.2-9.0
0.0-1.75
0.0-1.0
1.2-25
                Centric Diatoms + Euglenophyta
                        Desmideae
TABLE 3.  ALGAL GENUS POLLUTION INDEX
          (Palmer 1969)
                     TABLE 4.   ALGAL SPECIES POLLUTION
                               INDEX (Palmer 1969)
Genus
Anacystis
Ankistrodesmus
Chlamydomonas
Chlorella
Closterium
Cyclotella
Euglena
Gomphonema
Lepocinclis
Melosira
Micractinium
Navicula
Nitzschia
Oscil latoria
Pandorina
Phacus
Phormidium
Scenedesmus
Stigeoclonium
Synedra
Pollution
Index
1
2
4
3
1
1
5
1
1
1
1
3
3
5
1
2
1
4
2
2
Species
Ankistrodesmus falcatus
Arthrospira jenneri
Chlorella vulgaris
Cyclotella meneghiniana
Euglena gracilis
Euglena viridis
Gomphonema pjirvulum
Melosira varians
Navicula cryptocephala
Nitzschia acicularis
Nitzschia palea
Oscillatoria chlorina
Oscillatoria limosa
Oscillatoria princeps
Oscillatoria putrida
Oscillatoria tenuis
Pandorina morum
Scenedesmus quadricauda
Stigeoclonium tenue
Synedra ulna
Pollution
Index
3
2
2
2
1
6
1
2
1
1
5
2
4
1
1
4
3
4
3
3

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extremely tolerant forms.  Palmer based  the index  numbers  on  occurrence
records and/or where emphasized by the authors  as  being  especially  tolerant of
organic pollution.

     In analyzing a water sample, any of the 20 genera  or  species of  algae
present in concentrations of 50 per milliliter  or  more  are recorded.   The
pollution index numbers of the algae present are totaled,  providing a genus
score and a species score.  Palmer determined that a score of 20 or more for
either index can be taken as evidence of high organic pollution, while a score
of 15 to 19 is taken as probable evidence of high  organic  pollution.  Lower
figures suggest that the organic pollution of the  sample is not high, that  the
sample is not representative, or that some substance or factor interfering
with algal persistence is present and active.


SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES

     "Information content" of biological samples is being  used commonly  by
biologists as a measure of diversity.  Diversity in this connection means  the
degree of uncertainty attached to the specific identity of any randomly
selected individual.  The greater the number of taxa and the more  equal  their
proportions, the greater the uncertainty, and hence, the diversity (Pielou
1966).  There are several methods of measuring diversity,  e.g., the formulas
given by Brillouin  (1962) and Shannon and Weaver (1963).  The method  which  is
appropriate depends on the type of biological sample on hand.

     Pielou (1966) classifies the types of biological samples and  gives  the
measure of diversity appropriate for each type.  The Survey phytoplankton
samples are what she classifies as larger samples  (collections in  Pielou1 s
terminology) from which random subsamples can be drawn.  According to Pielou,
the average diversity per individual (H) for these types of samples can  be
estimated from the Shannon-Wiener formula (Shannon and Weaver 1963):
                         H  =  -E PI 1°9X Pi
                               1=1


where P is the proportion of the ith taxon in the sample, which is calculated
from n-j/N; nj is the number of individuals per milliliter of the ith
taxon; N is {he total number of individuals per ml; and S is the total  number
of taxa.  However, Basharin (1959) and Pielou (1966) have pointed out that H
calculated from the subsample is a biased estimator of the sample H, and if
this bias is to be accounted for, we must know the total  number of taxa
present in the sample since the magnitude of this bias depends on it.

     Pielou  (1966) suggests that if the number of taxa in the subsample falls
only slightly short of the number in the larger sample, no appreciable error
will result in considering S, estimated from the subsample, as being equal to
the sample value.  Even though considerable effort was made to find and
identify all taxa, the Survey samples undoubtedly contain a fair number of
rare phytoplankton taxa which were not encountered.

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     In the Shannon-Wiener formula, an increase in the number of taxa and/or
an increase in the evenness of the distribution of individuals among taxa  will
increase the average diversity per individual  from its minimal value of zero.
Sager and Hasler (1969) found that the richness of taxa was of minor
importance in determination of average diversity per individual  for
phytoplankton and they concluded that phytoplankton taxa in excess of the  10
to 15 most abundant ones have little effect on H.   This was verified by our
own calculations.  Our counts are in number per milliliter and since
logarithms to the base 2 were used in our calculations, H is expressed in
units of bits per individual.  When individuals of a taxon were so rare that
they were not counted, a value of 1/130 per milliliter or 0.008 per milliliter
was used in the calculations since at least one individual  of the taxon must
have been present in the collection.

     A Survey sample for a given lake represents a composite of all
phytoplankton collected at different sampling sites on the lake during a given
sampling period.  Since the number of samples (M)  making up a composite is a
function of both the complexity of the lake sampled and its size, it should
affect the richness-of-taxa component of the diversity of our phytoplankton
collections.  The maximum diversity (MaxH) (i.e.,  when the individuals are
distributed among the taxa as evenly as possible)  was estimated from Iog2  S
(Pielou 1966), while the minimum diversity (MinH), was estimated from the
formula:
               HlnH  -  -
given by Zand (1976).  The total  diversity (D)  was calculated from HN (Pielou
1966).  Also given in Appendix B are L (the mean number of individuals per
taxa per milliliter) and K (the number of individuals per mill il Her of the
most abundant taxon in the sample).

      The evenness component of diversity (J) was estimated from H/MaxH
(Pielou 1966).  Relative evenness (RJ) was calculated from the  formula:


                              D1   _   H-MinH
                              Ku   -
                                     MaxH-MinH

given by Zand (1976).  Zand suggests that RJ be used as a substitute for both
J and the redundancy expression given by Wilhm and Dorris (1968).   As pointed
out by Zand, the redundancy expression given by Wilhm and Dorris does not
properly express what it is intended to show, i.e., the position of H in the
range between MaxH and MinH.  RJ may range from 0 to 1; being 1  for the most
even samples and 0 for the least even samples.

     Zand (1976) suggests that diversity indices be expressed in units of
"sits", i.e., in logarithms to base S (where S is the total  number of taxa in
the sample) instead of in "bits", i.e., in logarithms to base 2.  Zand points
out that the diversity index in sits per individual is  a normalized number
ranging from 1 for the most evenly distributed samples  to 0 for  the least
evenly distributed samples.  Also, it can be used to compare different
samples, independent of the number of taxa in each.  The diversity in bits per

                                       8

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individual  should not be used  in direct comparisons  involving  various  samples
which have different numbers  of taxa.   Since  MaxH equals  log S, the expression
in sits is equal  to logs $>  or 1*   Therefore  diversity  in sits per
individual  is numerically equivalent  to J,  the  evenness component for  the
Shannon-Wiener formula.
SPECIES OCCURRENCE AND ABUNDANCE

  The alphabetic phytoplankton species list  for each  lake,  presented  in
Appendix B, gives the concentrations of individual  species  by  sampling date.
Concentrations are in cells, colonies, or filaments (CEL, COL,  FIL) per
milliliter.  An "X" after a species name indicates  that  the species identified
in the preliminary examination was in such a low concentration  that it did not
appear in the count.  A blank space indicates that  the organism was not  found
in the sample collected on that date.  Column S is  used  to  designate  the
examiner's subjective opinion of the five dominant  taxa  in  a sample,  based
upon relative size and concentration of the  organism.   The  percent column  (%C)
presents, by abundance, the percentage composition  of each  taxon.

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                              LITERATURE CITED
Basharin, G. P.  1959.  On a statistical  estimate for the entropy  of a
     sequence of independent random variables, pp. 333-336.   In: Theory of
     Probability and Its Applications (translation of "Teoriya Veroyatnosei  i
     ee Premeneniya").  N. Artin (ed).  4.  Society for Industrial  and
     Applied Mathematics, Philadelphia.

Brillouin, L.  1962.  Science and Information Theory (2nd ed.).  Academic
     Press, New York.  351 pp.

Hutchinson, G. E.  1967.  A Treatise on Limnology.  II.  Introduction to Lake
     Biology and the Limnoplankton.  John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York.
     1,115 pp.

Nygaard, G.  1949.   Hydrobiological studies of some Danish ponds and lakes.
     II.  (K danske Vidensk. Selsk.)  Biol. Sci. 7:293.

Palmer, C. M.  1969.  A composite rating of algae tolerating organic
     pollution.  J. Phycol.  5:78-82.

Pielou, E. C.  1966.  The measurement of diversity in different types of
     biological collections.  J. Theor. Biol.  13:131-144.

Prescott, G. W.  1970.  How to Know the Freshwater Algae.  William C. Brown
     Company, Dubuque.  348 pp.

Sager, P. E., and A. D. Hasler.  1969.  Species diversity in lacustrine
     phytoplankton.  I.  The components of the index of diversity
     from Shannon's formula.  Amer. Natur.  103(929):51-59.

Shannon, C. E., and W. Weaver.  1963.  The Mathematical Theory of Commu-
     nication.  University of Illinois Press, Urbana.  117 pp.

U.S. Environmental  Protection Agency.  1975.  National  Eutrophication Survey
     Methods 1973-1976.  Working Paper No. 175.  Environmental Monitoring and
     Support Laboratory, Las Vegas, Nevada, and Corvallis Environmental
     Research  Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon.  91 pp.

Wilhm, V. L., and T. C. Dorris.  1968.  Biological parameters for water
     quality criteria.  Bio-Science.  18:477.

Zand, S. M.  1976.    Indexes associated with information theory in water
     quality.  J. Water Pollut. Contr. Fed.  48(8):2026-2031.
                                       10

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                   APPENDIX A




PHYTOPLANKTON SPECIES LIST FOR THE STATE OF NEVADA
                       11

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Actinastnm hantzschii
   v. fluviatile
Anabaena
Ankistrodesmus falcatus
Ankist rode emus falcatus
   V. mirabilis
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae
Aphanothece
Asterionella formosa
Botryococcus braunii
Caloneie amphisbaena
Ceratium hirundinella
Ceratium hirundinella
   f. furcoides
Chlamydomonas
Ch.roococcus
Closterium
Cocconeis pediculus
Cocconeis placentula
Coelastrum microporum
Coelastnm sphaericum
Cosmariwn
Cruaigen-ia quadrat a
Crucigenia tetrapedia
Cryptomonas erosa
Crytomonas marssonii
Cyclot ell a meneghiniana
Cylindrotheca gracilis
Cylindrofheca spiral is
Cymatopleura solea
Cymhella affinis
Dactylococcopsis
Diatoma vulgare
Dictyosphaerium pulchelltm
Dindbryon divergene
Entamaneis ornata
Epithemia turgida
Euglena acus
Eunotia pectinalis
   v. ventrieosa
Fragilaria brevistriata
Fragilaria brevistriata
   v. trigibba
Fragilaria arotonensis
Glenodinium
Gloeocapsa
Gloeotrichia echinulata
Gamphanema olivaceujn
Gomphonema truncation
Gymnodinium ordinatwn
Gyrosigma
Hantzschia amphioxys
Lyngbya
Melosira distans
Melosira granulata
Melosira granulata
    V. anguetissima
Melosira italica
Melosira varians
Merismopedia min-ima
Mesostigma viridis
Microcystis aeruginosa
Microcystis incerta
Mougeotia
Navicula exigua
Nitzsahia filiformis
Nodularia
Oocystis
Opephora
Oscillatoria
Pandorina morum
Pediastrum boryanum
Pediastrum duplex
    V. reticulatwn
Phacus helikoides
Phormidiim mucicola
Pinnularia
Quadrigula chodatii
Raphidiopsis curvata
Khoicosphenia curvata
Rhopalodia gibba
Scenedesmus acuminatus
Scenedesmus dimorphus
Scenedesmus intermedius
    v. acaudatus
Scenedesmus quadricauda
Schroederia setigera
Skeletonema potamos
Sphaerocystis sohroeteri
Staurastrum
Stauroneis
Stephanodiscus
Surirella ovalis
Surirella ooata
Synedra ulna
Tabellaria fenestrata
Tetraedran minmum
Tetraedron minimum
   V.  scrobiculatum
Tetraedron muticum
Tetraetrum glabrum
Trachelomonas acanthostoma ?
                                     12

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Traahelomonas oblonga                    Trachelanonas volvocina
    v. australica                            V. punetata
Trachelomonas volvocina
                                   13

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                 APPENDIX B.  SUMMARY OF  PHVTOPLANKTON DATA


     This appendix was generated by computer.   Because it was  only  possible  to
use upper case letters in the printout,  all  scientific names are  printed  in
upper case and are not italicized.

     The alphabetic phytoplankton lists  include taxa  without species  names
(e.g., EUNOTIA, EUNOTIA #1, FLAGELLATE,  FLAGELLATES,  MICROCYSTIS  INCERTA?,
CHLGROPHYTA.N COCCOIO CELLED COLONY).  When species determinations were not
possible, symbols or descriptive phrases  were used to separate taxa for
enumeration purposes.  Each name on a list,  however,  represents a unique
species different from any other name on  the same list, unless otherwise
noted, for counting purposes.

     Numbers were used to separate unidentified species of the same genus.   A
generic name listed alone is also a unique species.  A question mark (9)  is
placed immediately after the portion of a name which  was assigned with
uncertainty.  Numbered, questioned, or otherwise designated taxa were
established on a lake-by-lake basis; therefore NAVICULA #2 from lake A cannot
be compared to NAVICULA #2 from lake B.   Pluralized categories (e.g.,
FLAGELLATES, CENTRIC DIATOMS, SPP.)-were used for counting purposes when  taxa
could not be properly differentiated on the counting  chamber.
                                      14

-------
LAKK NAMEI LAKE MEAD
STOHET NUMBERI 3201
                                              KYGAAP.D TROPHIC STATE INDICES

                                        DATE   02 74 75  06 11 75
                                 MYXOPHYCEAN
                               CHLOROPHYCCAN
                                EUGLSNOPHYTE
                                      DIATOM
                                    COMPOUND
 01/0 E
 02/0 E
 0/03 ?
 1.00 V.
 04/0 E
0/01 0
2.00 E
0/02 7
0.3) E
3.00 E
                                            PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES

                                        DATE   02 24 75  06 11 73
                                       GENUS
                                     SPECIES
     00
     00
    00
    00
                                         SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES
                                        DATE

                      AVERAGE DIVERSITY    H
                         NitMnr.q nr TAXA    *
           NUMBER OP SAHPbFS COMPOSITED    M
                      MAXIMUM DIVERSITY NAXH
                      MINIMUM DIVERSITY MINH
                        TOTAL DIVERSITY    D
         TOTAL NUMBER OP INDIVIDUALS/ML    N
                     EVENNESS COMPONENT    J
                      RELATIVE EVENNESS   RJ
        MEAN NUMBER OP INDIVIDUAL6/TAXA    L
       NUMBER/ML OF MOST ABUNDANT TAXON    K
02 24 75  06 11 7S
   1.35
   s.oo
  14,00
   3,00
   0,12
 812,70
 602.00
   0.45
   0.43
  75.25
 417.00
  0.87
 11.00
 14.00
  3.46
  0.56
133.98
154.00
  0.25
  0.11
 14.00
110.00
                                           15

-------
LUC NAMCl LAKE  MEAD
STOPCT NUMBER I J30I
TAXA

CENTRIC DIATOM
Cl'R»TIim HIRUNDINELLA
CHRUt>»-0«US 7
CHROOMOMg T ACl'TA
CRYPTUMONA8
CRYftl'l-ux** ECOSA
DIATOM* VULSARE
D1NOBRION DlVtRGCNR
FKACILARIA CROTDNEN8I8
MLRIIMOPCDIA MINIMI
oocrsTia
BHOICnSPHlNIA CURVATA
8CHROEOCRIA SETIRCFIA
SPHAEMnCVtlTII (CHRUETLFil
SIAURHTPUM
8TEPHANODUCU8
TKTRAEDRON MUTICIIN

  TOTAL
                                    CONTIMUED
                                                   02 24 15
                                                                    OS 11 TS
roan
CIL
CEL
CCL
CEL
rrt.
CIL
CIL
CEL
CEL
COl
COL
CEL
CEL
COL
CEL
CEL
CEL
•


1
1

1










4
«C


IS. 4
69.1

'.«










T,»
ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML
X

»J
417

4*


X
X


X



46
8



1







1





tc



'1.4







II. 6





ALGAL
UNITS
PER ML

X

110
X

X
X
X

X
44

X
X
X

                                                      CO]
                                                                       184
                                             16

-------
LAKE NAMEl LAHONTAN RE8.
STORE! NUMBER! 3202
                                              NYCAARP TROPHIC STATE INDICES

                                        DATE   01 17 7S  07 09 75  11 07 75
                                 MYXOPHYCEAN
                               CHLOROPHYCEAN
                                EUGLENOPHYTE
                                      DIATOM
                                    COMPOUND
01/0 E
0/0  0
2.00 E
0.33 E
06/0 E
01/0
Ot/0
0/03
1.00
04/0
0/0  0
01/0 E
0/01 t
0.40 C
05/0 E
                                            PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES

                                        DATE   09 17 75  07 09 75  11 07 75
                                       GENUS
                                     8PECIE8
    07
    00
    01
    00
    07
    00
                                         SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES

                                        DATE   01 17 75  07 09 75  11 07 79
                      AVERAGE DIVERSITY
                         NUMBER OF TAXA
           NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED
                      MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH
                      MINIMUM DIVERSITY MINH
                        TOTAL DIVERSITY
         TOTAL HUN8ER Or INDIVIDUALS/ML
                     KVENNESS COMPONENT
                      RELATIVE EVENNESS
        MEAN NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/TAX*
       NUMBER/ML OF MOST ABUNDANT TAXON
H
8
M
XH
NH
D
ft
J
RJ
L
K
2,25
ao.oo
4.00
4.»2
0.12
4461.75
1993.00
0.53
0.51
99.15
684.00
1.13
8.00
4.00
3.00
0.02
5209.10
4610.00
0.36
0.38
576. 38
3646.00
2.93
17.00
4.00
4.09
0.16
3395.17
1159.00
0.72
0.71
68.18
316.00
                                           17

-------
 LAKC  HANII  LAHONTAI  HI*.
 ITORCT  MUM1IRI  1101
                                   CCUTINUCD
                                                   01  IT  71
                                                                   07 ot is
                                                                                     II 07 71
 TAXA

 ANAIAENA
 AITCRIONELLA fORMOIA
 CENTRIC DIATOM
 CHLAMYDONONAI
 CHLOROPHYTAN LUNATE CELL
 CHROOMONAI t ACUTA
 COCCONCII PLACCHTUU
 CMYPTOMONAa EROIA
 CYLINDROTHECA ORACILII
 CYHBELLA
 OACTYLOCDCCORIH
 PIATONA VUL6ARC
 CUCLCNA
 rHACILAIItA CHOTOMEMII
 aiENOOINIUM
 >CLOfI*A II
 NELOIIM 01ITAII
 NELOII«A GKANULATA
 NELOVIM CH»»ULATA
 T. ANaU«TIHIMA
 NEL06IRA VARIAM
 NAVICULA
 KIT1SCHIA II
 •IT1ICMIA II
 •ITZSCHIA II
 • ITI1CHI1 Ut.
 RH01COIPHEIIA CURTAIA
 ICHRDCDERIA SKTIOCRk
 IKtLrTONEMA POTANOf
 •TEPHANODMCIU
 IURIRILLA OVATA
 tYNCUMA ULNA
TABELLARIA rE«E«TRATA
TETRAtDRON MINIMUM
TfUCHELONONA*

  TOTAL
rORN
riL
CEL
CKL
CEL
CEL
CCL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CCL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CKL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CCL
CCL
CCL
CCL
CCL
CCL
CCb
CCL
CCL
CCL
CCL
CEL
CCL
CCL
CCL
ALOAL
UNIT!
• »C PER ML


1
J

4

(
















1









1
1.71 14
14.11 »I4
l.«l 17t
1 I
11.11 101
1 f
1.11 14


1.4

».7











11.1









II
1
14


I



I

X
X

410
X



X
1
X
1
1 X
ALGAL
UNIT*
I »C PER ML
1 1 X
41 l.fl it



1







1



1
1


















f.o







71.1



T.I
1.1







t.l










411







J4«4
X


144
!«







It







ALOAL
UNIT*
1 «C PER ML





1

4








t






1







I




11.*


11.4

4.4








t.l



11.*


27,1



t.l

4.*

«.*



X
111


111
X
11
X
X



X


101



111


11*

X

101
X
11

11
X

                                                    ttll
                                                                     4*10
                                                                                      lilt
                                          18

-------
LAKE NUKE I RYE PATCH RES.
STORET NUMBER! 3204
                                              NYCAAPD TROPHIC STATE INDICES

                                        DATE   06 01 7?  07 11 75  11 07 75

                                 hYXOPHYCEAN    01/0 E    1.00 C    01/0 C
                               CHLOROPHYCEAN    0/0  0    1.00 E    04/0 E
                                El'CLENOPHYTE    1,00 E    0.50 E    0.30 t
                                      DIATOM    0.50 E    0.50 E    0.67 E
                                    COMPOUND    04/0 E    4.00 E    08/0 E
                                            PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES

                                        DATE   06 01 75  07 11 75  11 07 75

                                       GENUS        00        00        05
                                     SPECIES        00        00        0]



                                         SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES

                                        DATE   06 01 75  07 11 75  11 07 75

                      AVERAGE DIVERSITY    H      0.02      1.01      2.35
                         NUMBER OP TAXA    3      8.00      8.00     tS.OO
           NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED    M      2.00      5.00      9.00
                      MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH      3.00      3.00      3.91
                      MINIMUM DIVERSITY MINH      i.4i      o.?6      0.07
                        TOTAL DIVERSITY    D      O.CO     68.68   6457.80
         TOTAL NUMBER OP INDIVIDUALS/ML    N     30.00     68.00   2748,00
                     EVENNESS COMPONENT    J      0.01      0.34      0.60
                      RELATIVE EVENNESS   RJ     -0.87      0.12      0.60
        MEAN NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/TAX^    L      3.75      8.50     183.20
       NUMBER/ML OP MOST ABUNDANT TAXON    K     30.00     34,00     819.00
                                            19

-------
LAKE NANEl Kit rUTCM MM,
•TORCT miMIIKI 1104
TAXA

AKABACNA
CCNTRIC DIATOM
CHLAMTDOMONAa
CHROOMONA4 f ACUTA
CLOlfERIUN
CRtrrONONAt CROJA
ciANOPHm* r I uncut
CICLOTCLL*
CTMATOPLCURA
CTMICLLA
CUGLCNA
                                   COKTIMVCO
                                                  04 01  TS
                                                                                    It  01  TS
4TROalCllA
NftOIIRA GRANULATA
NITStCHIA
OOCtlTII
PAUDORINA NORUM
PtNN»tt DIATOM
PH1CU*
RHOPALOUIA omm
BcmcoiaMu* OUADRICAUOA
ItCHRllEDKRIA BCT1QE«A
•PH»r»OCI»TII iCHROITIKI
SURIHtULA OVATk
TITRH8TRUK CL1BRUM
fRACHCLOMOHAI ACANTVOITOMA t

  TOTAL
TORN
rii
CEL
CCL
C(L
CCL
CCL
riL
CCL
CCL
CCL
CCL
CCL
CCL
CCL
CCL
CCL
COL
COL
CCL
CtL
CCL
COL
CCL
COL
CCL
COL
cct
•

i

























»c

too,

























AL4AL
DN1TI
»CII ML
I
It






I
I
r
i

i






i






•





i









a











*c





10.0









10.0











AI.flAL
Dklll
MR ML
I



I
14






I
t

14



I



I



•


4
1












•
1




a




ALGAL
UMITI
«C »CR ML
|
1
10.41 144
11.41 II*
1
l.fl II
1 X
1 X
1
t
1
1
1
1 X
1 X
1
l.ll 143
l.tl Kl
1 X
1
1
1 I
14.11 131
|
t,»l »1
1 X
1 X
                                                      10
                                                                       41
                                                                                      1741
                                             20

-------
LAKE NAME! LAKE TAHJE
STORE! NUMBER I  J2OS
                                              NYGAARD TROPHIC  STATE INDICES

                                        DATE   03 IB 75  07 02 75  11  04 75
                                 MYXOPHYCEAN
                               CHLOROPHYCEAN
                                EUGLCNOPHYTG
                                      DIATOM
                                    COMPOUND
0/01 0
0/01 0
0/0  ?
2,00 E
2.00 E
0/01 0
0/01 0
01/0 E
1.00 E
2,00 K
0/01 0
0/01 0
0/0  T
0.50 E
1.00 U
                                            PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES

                                        DATH   03 18 75  07 02 75  11 04 75
                                       GENUS
                                     SPECIES
    00
    00
    03
    00
    00
    00
                                         SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES

                                        DATE   03 18 75  07 02 75  11 04 75

                      AVERAGE DIVERSITY    H      1.00      0.00      1.5«
                         NUMBER OF TAXA    *      5.00      4.00      5.00
           NUMBER or SAMPLES COMPOSITED    M     10.00      6.00     10.00
                      MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH      2.12      2.00      2.32
                      MINIMUM DIVERSITY MINH      0.43      0.10      1.75
                        TOTAL DIVERSITY    D     70.00      0.00     12.64
         TOTAL MUMPER OF INDIVIDUALS/ML    N     70.00     302.00      8.00
                     EVENNESS COMPONENT    J      0.43      0.00      O.S8
                      RELATIVE EVENNESS   RJ      0.31     -0.05     -0,29
        MEAN NUMBER OF  INDIVIDUAL8/TAXA    L     14.00     75.50      1.60
       NUMBER/MI. Of MOST ABUNDANT TAXON    K     35.00     302.00      3,00
                                           21

-------
LAKE H»»El LAKF IAHOC
RTOUtT HUMRCRl DOS
TAXA

CENTRIC DIATOM
CHROOMONAS T »CUT»
COBKAPIUM
CIMBtLLA
G1HNODINIUM OHOINATUM
MCLOBIRA ITALIC*
                                   COITINUCD
                                                  0) II
                                                                   01  01  18
                                                                                    11  04  IS
(YNEDRA ULNA
IRACHtbOHONAS
  HITAl,
,
1
TOM 1*
CIL 1
en. i
CEL 1
CCL 1
Cll I
crb i
CCL II
CCL la
CEL 1
CEL 1



»c






SO. a
10.0



ALGkL
UH1T8
PtR ML

X
X


X
IS
IS


70


s






t






»c






100.




ALCAl
UNITS
PER ML


X



101
X

X
101


• »c
117. S
1
1
117. S
I2S.O
1
1
1
1
1

ALGAL
UNITS
PCI) ML
1

X
1
3



X

I
                                              22

-------
     NAMEl 'i'UPAZ RKb.
STORET NUMBERl 320S
                                              NYGAARD TROPHIC STATE INDICES

                                        DATE   01 19 75  06 10 75  11 05 75
                                 MYXOPHYCEAN
                               CHLOROPHYCEAN
                                EUGLENOPHYTE
                                      DIATOM
                                    COMPOUND
 0/01  0
 2.00  E
 0/02  ?
 1.00  E
 5.00  E
04/0 E
02/0 E
0/06 ?
0.40 E
OS/0 E
2.00 E
2.00 E
0/04 T
2.00
6.00 E
                                            PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES

                                        DATE   03 19 75  06 30 75  11 05 75
                                       GENUS
                                     SPECIES
     01
     00
    06
    00
    01
    00
                                         SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE  INDICES
                                        DATE

                       AVERAGE DIVERSITY
                         NUMBER OF TAXA
           NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED
                       MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH
                       MINIMUM DIVERSITY MINH
                         TOTAL DIVERSITY
          TOTAL  NUMBER  OP INDIVIDUALS/ML
                     EVENNESS COMPONENT
                       RELATIVE  EVENNESS
         MEAN  NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/TAXA
        NUMBER/ML OF MOST ABUNDANT  TAXON
01 19 75  06 30 75  11 05 75
H
S
M
XH
NH
D
N
J
RJ
L
K
2.44
11.00
2.00
3.46
0.15
1742.16
714.00
0.71
0.70
64.91
198.00
1.29
17.00
2.00
4.09
0.02
16829.34
13046,00
0.32
0.32
767.41
9825.00
2.29
11.00
2.00
3.46
0.19
1284.69
561.00
0.66
0.65
51.00
224.00
                                            23

-------
LAKE IIANfl TOPAt RE».
STORET NUMBERl }>0»
                                   COKTIIIUEO
                                                  01 19 75
                                                                   0« 10 7S
                                                                                    II 05 75
APHANIZOMCNON rtna-Aoutc
ASTtRIQNtbl* FORMOSA
CEHTRIC DIATOH II
CERATIUN HIRUNDINELLA
CHROOHOIUS ? ACUTA
eOCCONEJ*
CRIPTOMOHA8
CRTPTOMOKAI EP06A
DIAIONA VULGARE
DICTTOIPMAtRIUN PULCHELLUN
EPITHEM1A
FRACILARIA CROTONCKSIS
WELOtlKA
OOCTITIB
OSCIILATOR1A
fHORNIDIVM MUCICOLA
            ICTIGERA
(TAURAltRUM
BTEPH*ROOI«CUI
SURIREbL* OTAIA

  TOTAL
FORM
PIL
rit
CEL
CEb
CEL
CEl
cet
CEL
CEL
cct>
CEL
COL
CEL
CCL
CEL
COL
riL
rn
CEL
COL
CEL
CCL
CEL
ALGAL 1
UNIT* 1
1 %C PER ML IS
1 1 1
1 1 13
II * 11
9117.71 199 |
1 1 1
lit. II 79 IS
II XI
41 S,M 10 IS
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1
111*. 71 11» 1
1 1 1
JI3J.1I IS» II
lllt.1l 11* |4
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1
II X 1
1 1 1
II XI
II XI
1 1 1
AL8AL
uNirs
%C PER ML
1 X
B.3I 01075
«.ll 01191
1
|
5.01 00655
1
0.31 10
1 X
1 X
1 X
1
1 X
75,11 09135
1.3) 160
1 X
0,!| 00110
1 X
1
1 X
1
1 X
1 X
1

s





J





1






1
4

%C

1.4



1.4

19.9





30.0
10.0





30.0
1.4

ALCIL
UNITS
PER ML
X
19


X
19

214





112
5»



X
X
112
19

714
               1104S
                                  Sit
                                            24

-------
LAKE NAMEl UPPER PAHRANAGAT LAKE
STORE! NUMBER I  3207
                                              NYGAARD TROPHIC STATE INDICES

                                        DATE   05 06 75  08 21 75  11 21 75
                                 MYXOPHYCEAN
                               CHLOROPKYCEAN
                                EUCLENOPHYTE
                                      DIATOM
                                    COMPOUND
 0/0   D
 04/0  E
 0.25  E
 0/03  7
 05/0  E
03/0 E
13/0 E
0,25 E
0,14 ?
22/0 E
3.00 C
1.00 E
0.40 E
0.12 ?
9.00 E
                                            PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES

                                        DATE   05 06 75  08 31 75  11 21 75
                                       GENUS
                                     SPECIES
     02
     03
    15
    05
    12
    02
                                         SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES
                                        DATE

                      AVERAGE DIVERSITY
                         NUMBER OF TAXA
           NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED
                      MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH
                      MINIMUM DIVERSITY MINH
                        TOTAL DIVERSITY
         TOTAL NUMBER 0V INDIVIDUAI.S/ML
                     EVENNESS COMPONENT
                      RELATIVE; EVENNESS
        MEAN NUMRER OF  INDIVIDUALS/TAXA
        NUMBER/ML OF MOST ABUNDANT TAXON
OS 06 75  08 21 75  11 21 75
H
S
M
XH
NH
D
N
J
RJ
L
K
2.1J
11.00
1.00
3.46
0.12
2017,11
947.00
0,«2
0.61
86.09
425.00
0.74
39.00
2.00
5,29
0.0?
30936.44
41906.00
0.14
0.14
1071.95
37634.00
3.85
28.00
2.00
4.81
0.1J
7623.75
5615.00
0.59
0.59
95.54
R99.00
                                           25

-------
LAKE NAMEl  UPPER  PAHRANAGAT  LAKE
BTORET NUMBERl  3107
TAX*

ACTINMTRUM HANTiBCHII
 1, FLUVIATILC
A»K1STRODESMU8 fALCATUS
ANKIBTROPEBMUJ PALCATUR
 V. HIRABILM
BOTRlfOCOCCUB IMUNIJ
CALONEIB AXPHI8BAENI
CERAT1UM HlRUNDtNCLtA
CCRATIUM HIRUNDINELIA
 r. ruRcniDca
CHRUQMONAB T ACUIA
COCCONCIB
COSKAR1UM
CRUCIQCIIIA UUADKATA
enUCIGgftlt TETPAPEDIA
CRTPTOHONAB
CRTPTDMaNAS rRDBA
mrrTOMCNui MARBBONII
CYCLOTCLLk HENeCHINJAMA
CTLIHDROTHECI CRACILIB
CTMATOPLCURA II
CYMATOPLEUPA SOLE*
CTHBEI/LA
CTMBCLbA »PP.
DACTTLOCOCCUPilg
tPlTHENIA
                                    CO»IINUI:O
                                                   OS  Ot 78
                                                                    01  21
                                                                                     II  21  H
OIPOSIQMA
MELOIIRA VIRIANI
xrniBHOptDiA MINIMA
HUOBtlCHA VIRIOII
MICROCTBTIB AkRUGINOHA
HICROCTBTIB INCIRTA
NAVICULA It
NATICULA I)
NITtKCHIA
NITtBCHIk BP*.
oacmiB
OBCItkAIORI*
PSDIHTRUH BCRYANUM
PCnilSTRUN DUPLEX
 V. PtTICULATUX
PCNNATt DtATOHB
PHACU8 HELIKOIDtB
PINNULtRIA II
PfrtULARIA I]
OUADRICULA CHODATII
RHOICDBPHENII CURVATA
RHOPALODU CIBBA
KCENFOCBKUB lCUHTl.TU8
SCCNEDEIMUB OUACRICAUDA
ACHROEDERU ICTIfiERA
«?HAERaCT§TII BCHROETERI
KUF1RELLA
SUBISELLA OVALTB
BURTRELLA OVATA
BtNEORA ULNA
TCTRAtDRON HIHIMUN
 T. BCMOBICULATUM
TCTRASTRUM GLAI>RUN
TRACHrLOHONAt
TRACHCLOM'JNA* OBLONO
 V, AUBTHAIKA
TRACHtLOMPNAI TOLVOCINA

  TOTAL
F'URM
COL
CCL
CEL
COL
CCL
CEL
CCL
CEL
CKt
CCb
CUL
COL
CCL
CCL
CEL
CEL
CCL
CCL
CCL
CCL
CCL
CCL
CEL
CET-
CEL
CtL
COL
CCL
COL
COL
CCL
CCL
cct
CCL
CCL
TIL
COL
COL
CCL
CEL
CCL
CEL
CCL
CCL
CEL
cor,
COL
COL
COL
CCL
COL
CCL
CCL
CEL
CCL
CCL
CCL
COL
CCL
CCL
CCL
ALGAL
UMITB
B %C PER MI.

I





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44. »






11.1



























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30.1
1.9











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419





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11
X



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B %C PER ML














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0.9







0,6

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i
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1





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X
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551
X
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UKITB
B %C PER NL
















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111

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X
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m «ito« j«7s
                                           26

-------
LAKE NAMEl MASHOE LAKE
STORET NUMBER! 3200
                                              NYGAARD TROPHIC  STATE INDICES

                                        DATE   03 17 75  06 27 75  11  11  75
                                 MYXOPHYCEAN
                               CHLOROPHYCEAN
                                EUGLENOPHYTE
                                      DIATOM
                                    COMPOUND
 1.00  G
 2.00  E
 0.67  E
 0.23  ?
 8,00  E
02/0 E
01/0 E
0.67 E
0.18 ?
07/0 E
0/0  0
01/0 E
0/01 T
0.90 E
06/0 E
                                            PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES

                                        DATE   03 17 75  06 27 75  11 11 75
                                       OENUS
                                     SPECIES
     01
     00
    07
    00
    01
    00
                                         SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES
                                        DATE

                      AVERAGE DIVERSITY
                         NUMBER OF TAXA
           NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED
                      MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH
                      MINIMUM DIVERSITY MINH
                        TOTAL DIVERSITY
         TOTAL NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/ML
                     EVENNESS COMPONENT
                      RELATIVE EVENNESS
        MEAN NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/TAXA
       NUMBER/ML OP MOST ABUNDANT TAXO*
01 17 75  06 27 75  11 11 75
H
S
M
XH
NH
D
N
J
RJ
I
K
1.69
25.00
3.00
4.«4
0.30
1716.12
908.00
0.41
0.37
36.32
474.00
2.59
19.00
3.00
4.25
0.13
4330.48
1672.00
0.61
0.60
68.00
859.00
2.39
16.00
3.00
4.00
0.11
4029,54
1686.00
0.60
0.59
105.38
881.00
                                           27

-------
LAKE NAMEl KASHOE LAKE
RTORET NUMPERl JlOf
                                                   01  17 7S
                                                                    0«  J7  7S
                                                                                     11  II  7S
CHRDOMONAS T ACUTA
CL06TERIUM
coccnmis
cncroNcia PLACENTUH
COn.»8TRUM aPHAERICUM
CKmON(lNA« EPOSI
CrCLOTELLA
CYN«TOPtr.UHA
CYN8ILLA
DACtlLOCOCCOPaiE
rHTDMOHEIS UHNAT*
EPITHEMIA
EPITHEHI* II
rPITHENIk 12
KUNblll
SLOKOCAPaA
COHPHOKEMA
GOMPHOHEN* II
COMPHONEM1 t]
(JOIPHONRKA TP'IUCIT'JM
hANTZSCHIA
HAHTtSCHIl
WELOIIRA CPANULATA
HEL('8IRA OB»NUL»T»
 T. A*CUSTI8»IMA
hELOBIPA ITALIC*
MELOBIRA VARIAWS
MICMOCtaTII IKCERTA
NAVICULA II
NAVlCUliA It
OOC1IT1*
FHICUI
PINIIULAItIA
BN01CD8PHENIA
BHOPALODI* SIBRA
8CNHOEDKRIA SET1CEPA
•1AUDONCI*
8TEPHANODI8CU8
RUP.1RELLA
SURIRELLA II
SURJPELLH CVkIA
SYNEDRA ULNA
TABtUiARlA rrXEITRATI
TRACHELOMnNA* OBLndttj;
 T. AUmiUCA
TRkCHELOMCNlS YOLVOCI«»

  TOTAL


FORM
CEb
CCL
CCL
C(t
cot
CEL
CEL
act
CEL
CEL
CEb
CEL
CEb
CEL
CEfc
CEL
CEb
COb
CEL
CCL
cet
CEt.
CEL
CEL
CEL

CEL
cei<
CEL
cab
CEL
CEL
CEL
COL
CEL
CEL
CCL
CEL
CCb
CKL
CEb
CEb
CEL
CCL
CEL
CEb
CEb
CEL
ALOAb
UNITS
« «C PER ML
SI t,7| 79




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197

474

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s

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UH1IB
S »C PER ML





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|
1
1
2.71 41
|
1,11 IIS
1
t
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1
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1.71 45
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>.7| 45
1
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1
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1
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1.71 49
1 X
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1 X
I
|
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3.71 45
1
|
1 1 X
ALGAL
UNITS
8 1C PER ML











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VOI I«7J UK
                                            28

-------
LAKE NAMEl WILDHORSf; RES.
STORET NUMBER! 3209
                                              NYGAARD  TROPHIC  STATE  INDICES


                                        DATE    05  30 75   06  01  75  It  06  75
                                 MYXOPHYCEAN
                               CHLOROPHYCCAN
                                EUGLENOPHYTE
                                      DIATOM
                                    COMPOUND
03/0 E
01/0 E
0.90 E
0.14 T
07/0 E
04/0 E
0/0 0
0/04 1
0.11 7
05/0 E
02/0 E
01/0 C
0.33 C
0/02 ?
04/0 E
                                            PALMER'S  ORGANIC  POLLUTION  INDICES


                                        DATE   05 30  75   08  01  75   11  06 75
                                       GENUS
                                     SPECIES
04
00
01
00
00
00
                                         SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES


                                        DATE   05 30 75  08 01 75  11 06 75
                      AVERAGE DIVERSITY
                         NUMBER OF TAXA
           NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED
                      MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH
                      MINIMUM DIVERSITY MINH
                        TOTAL DIVERSITY
         TOTAL NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/ML
                     EVENNESS COMPONENT
                      RELATIVE EVENNESS
        MEAN NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/TAX*
       NUMBER/ML OF MOST ABUNDANT TAXON
H
S
n
XH
NH
D
H
J
RJ
L
K
o.to
16.00
5, CO
4.00
0.02
5863.00
9805. 00
0.15
0.15
612.61
B958.00
2.55
IS. 00
1.00
3.91
0.10
4365.60
1712.00
0,65
0.65
114.13
541,00
1.43
7.00
5.00
7.81
0.20
427.75
295.00
0,52
0.49
42.14
196.00
                                          29

-------
LAKE lUNCl  NILDHOMe  RES.
STOURT NUPPERI J}0«
                                   CONTINUED
                                                  OS  JO 7S
                                                                   01  01 71
                                                                                     11 0« 75
TAX*

APHANIZOMENON FLOS-AOUAE
APHANOTHECE
CENTHIC DIATON
CHfiODHONAS T ACUTA
ruccoNiia PEDICULUR
COCLOaPHAERIUM T
CRYPTOMONAa
CRIPTONUNAa EPOBA
C1HATOPLCUIU
CMBELLA
EPITHEXU TUROIOA
CilQLtNA ACUa
tUKUTIA PtCTINALIS
 V. VENTRICOBA
rB»SILABH
FBAOILAPIt BRCViaiRIATI
FP.AOILABH BREVI9TRUTA
 *. TMIGIBHA
ULOrOTRICKI* ECHtHULAT*
SOMPHONEMA
           OMVUCEUM
MELUtlVA VARIANS
M«V1CULA KXIGUA
11TE8CHIA
flTZICHIA
PHORHIDIUH
MPHIDIOPSIS CtlKTATt
ICHROEOrRIA REflCCRl
SYHCRRA ULNA
THACKCLONuHA*
              VOLVOCINA
 V. PUNCTATA

  TUtAL


FORM
flL
COL
CEt
CEL
EEL
CUL
CEI,
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEb
CEL
CEL
CEL
CEL
CCL
COL
CCL
CCL
Fit
CEL
CF.L
CEL
CEL
FIL
riL
CCL
CEL
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CEL
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UNITS
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1 310
1 90


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49

X
45
X




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X

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X

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till


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UNITS
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1 31


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11
X

1]

199
                                            30

-------
LAKE NAME! WILSON SINK RES.
STORE! NUMBERS  3210
                                              NYGAARD TROPHIC  STATIC INDICES

                                        DATE   05 31  75  08 01 79  11  06 75
                                 MYXOPHYCEAN
                               CHLUROPHYCEAN
                                EUGLENOPHYTE
                                      DIATOM
                                    COMPOUND
 01/0  E
 0/0   0
 1.00  E
 0/06  T
 02/0  E
01/0 E
03/0 E
0/04 7
0/0  ?
04/0 E
1.00 E
0.33 7
0.25 E
0/01 7
1.67 E
                                            PALMERiS ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES

                                        DATE   05 31 75  08 01 75  It 06 75
                                       GENUS
                                     SPECIK8
     05
     01
    00
    00
     OS
     00
                                         SPECIES DTVFRSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES
                                        DATS

                      AVERAGE DIVERSITY    H
                         MUMPER OF TAXA    S
           NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED    M
                      MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH
                      MINIMUM DIVERSITY MINH
                        TOTAL DIVEPS1TY    D
          TOTAL NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS/ML    N
                     EVENNESS COMPONENT    J
                      RELATIVE EVENNESS    RJ
         MEAN  NUMBER OF  INDIVIDUALS/TAXA    L
        NUMBER/ML OF MOST ABUNDANT  TAXON    K
05 31 75  08 01 75  11 06 75
   1.47
  10.00
   1.00
   3.32
   0.05
3739.*8
3544.00
   0.44
   0.44
 354.40
1609.00
   1.66
   7.00
   1.00
   2.81
   0.16
 *27.4B
 378.00
   0.59
   0.57
  54.00
 210.00
   2.57
  19.00
   3.00
   4.25
   0.14
4055.46
1578.00
   0.60
   0.60
  83.05
 446.00
                                           31

-------
LUKE KkMCl NIb»ON Bid* RES.
STOBtT *UMBER! 1910
Tilt I.

AKAMEIU
                                   COHTINUtD
                                                   OS 11 7!
                                                                    01 01
                                                                                     II Oft If
C!P*TIUM
CHROONOH»B J
coccoofis FLACEKTULII
CQCL*BTAUN HICROPORHM
CHTfTUHnNJtB EHClfll
CWTOMONt*
fPITHINJ*
tuairm
           OLIVACEUM
CITHNODtNlVM
MOUCtOTH
HITHCHU II
KITZ«CHI« 13
OPEPHOBJ
D«CILL»TOPH
rEMHIlIE DUTCiN
RHOP*LODI« OJBB*
RCCHtDCRMUE
SCH^OtDlRH SID CEO*
ETAUIU4TRUM
CTNEDRI UbH*
TETRkLUHOH HI»|NUN
 IT.
  TOT»L
uw*
riL
riL
CEL
CCL
ceL
CCL
CDL
cei.
CCL
CCL
CCL
CCL
CCL
CCL
CEL
CCL
EEL
CCL
riL
CEL
CCL
CEL
riL
CCL
CCL
COL
CCL
CCL
11 PI Its
i %C 9f.r. *u



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• v: fen «L
1 1 X
11 t.ll 117
1 1
4121,71 141
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3S44 JTI 1911
                                                32

-------
LAKE NAMEl WALKER LAKE
STORET NUMBEVtl 3211
                                              NYGAARD TROPHIC STATE INDICES

                                        DATE   03 17 75  07 11 75  11  06 75
                                 MYXQPHYCEAN
                               CHLOROPHYCEAN
                                EUGLENOPHYTC
                                      DIATOM
                                    COMPOUND
0/0  0
01/0 E
0/01 ?
0/01 7
01/0 E
02/0 E
0/0  0
0/02 T
0/0  ?
02/0 E
0/01 0
0/01 0
0/0  T
0/01 I
0/01 0
                                            PALMER'S ORGANIC POLLUTION INDICES

                                        DATE   03 17 75  07 11 75  11 06 75
                                       GENUS
                                     SPECIES
    00
    00
    00
    00
    00
    00
                                         SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE INDICES

                                        DATE   03 17 75  07 11 75  11 06 75

                      AVERAGE DIVERSITY    H      1.34      0.01      0,03
                         NUMBER OF TAX*    8      9.00      2.00      2.00
           NUMBER OF SAMPLES COMPOSITED    M      3.00      3.00      3,00
                      MAXIMUM DIVERSITY MAXH      1.58      1.00      1.00
                      MINIMUM DIVERSITY MINK      0,29      0.44      0,93
                        TOTAL DIVERSITY    0     64.32      0.10      0.09
         TOTAL NUMBER OF INDIVIDUAIS/ML    N     48.00     10.00      1.00
                     EVENNESS COMPONENT    J      0.85      0,01      O.OJ
                      RELATIVE KVCNNCSS   RJ      0.82     -0.76     -1.06
         MEAN  NUMBER Of  INDIVIDUALS/TAXA    L     16,00      9.00      1,90
        NUMBER/ML Of MOST ABUNDANT TAXON    K     27,00     10.00      3.00
                                            33

-------
LAKE IUMCI KALKCR LAKE
STORIT KUHOfRt lilt
TAXA

CHKOOCOCCUR
CHRUOMOflAS 1
NAVICULA
NODULARIA
PEHNATt DIATOM
STAURA1TRUN
TRTRACDBON MINtKIIM

  TOTAL
                                   CONTINUBO
                                                  01
                                                         75
                                                                    01  It  IS
                                                                                     It  0« 75


TORN
COb
cr.L
CEL
riL
CKb
CCL
CEL

ALGAL
UNITS
S %C PER HL
1 1
IJJ.M U
1 1
1 1
18*. Jl 17
1 1
110.41 5
41


t










1C
100.







ALQAL
UNIT!
PER ML
to


X



10


8










tc


too.





ALGAL
UNITS
PCM ML


1


X

3
                                             34

-------
                                   TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
                            (Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing]
 . REPORT NO.
   EPA-600/3-79-117
                             2.
                                                            3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.
 . TITLE AND SUBTITLE

 DISTRIBUTION OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN NEVADA LAKES
            5. REPORT DATE. __.
              December 1979
                                                            6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
 V^YTambou, F.A. Morris,  M.K. Morris, W.D.  Taylor,
 L.R.  Williams, and  S.C.  Hern
                                                            8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
 . PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
 Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
 Office of Research  and  Development
 U.S.  Environmental  Protection Agency
 Las Vegas, NV  89114
                                                            10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
             1BD884
             11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
 2. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
 U.S.  Environmental  Protection Agency-Las  Vegas, NV
 Office of Research  and Development
 Environmental Monitoring and Support  Laboratory
 Las Vegas, NV  89114
                                                            13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
             02-21-75  to 12-11-75
             14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE

             EPA/600/07
 5. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
 6. ABSTRACT
      This  is  a  data report presenting the species and  abundance of phytoplankton
 in the 10  lakes sampled by the  National  Eutrophication Survey in the  State of
 Nevada.  Results from the calculation of several water quality indices  are also
 included (Nygaard's Trophic State  Index, Palmer's Organic Pollution  Index, and
 species diversity and abundance indices).
                                KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
                  DESCRIPTORS
                                               b.lDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDEDTERMS
                             COSATI Field/Group
 *aquatic microbiology
   lakes
 *phytoplankton
   water  quality
Nevada
lake  eutrophication
Nygaard's trophic indices
Palmer's organic pollu-
tion  indices
Species diversity and
abundance
06 C, M
08 H
13 B
18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
  RELEASE TO PUBLIC
19. SECURITY CLASS (This Report)
                                                                           21. NO. OF PAGES
                                                UNCLASSIFIED
                           42
                                               WEXSYrftif
             ,SS (This page)
                                                                           22. PRICE
 EPA Form 2220-1 (Rev. 4-77)   PREVIOUS EDITION is OBSOLETE


ft U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1979—583-282/2220

-------