v>EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Control Technology
Center
Research Triangle Park NC 27711
EPA-600/8-88-092
August 1988
Tutorial Manual for
CAT (Controlling Air Toxics)
Version 1.0
New Jersey
Department of Environmental Protection
and
control jtechnology center
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1 S'
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for each control technology selected. The results can be
compared against the applicant's actual or proposed design. The
software is designed to easily allow what-if type calculations,
allowing the reviewer to change one or more parameters and
recalculate the results. A report generator is included in the
program.
Work is already underway on a second version of this
program. In this second version, a screening version of the
program will be included to assist the permit reviewer in
determining which permits are most deserving of a more thorough
review. We are also interested in hearing your comments on any
problems you may have and how the program can be improved. Send
any comments on problems or improvements to Carlos Nunez at MD-61
at the above address. Please include your name and phone number
so he can contact you if he has questions about your comments.
If additional copies of CAT are needed for State and Local
Agency or Regional Office personnel, if you did not receive your
copy through the CTC and would like to register your use for
future updates, or if you have comments for version 2, you may
contact Beth Crabtree at (919)541-4005 or FTS 629-4005 or MD-61 at
the above address. Copies of the document and disks will also be
available soon through the National Technical Information Service
(NTIS).
Sincerely yours,
Sharon L. Nolen
Control Technology Center
Air Toxics Research Division
Attachments (3)
Control Technology Center - Update
Control Technology Center Project Update
Tutorial Manual for CAT (Controlling Air Toxics) with
Diskettes 1 and 2
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EPA-600/8-88-092
August, 1988
TUTORIAL MANUAL FOR
CAT
(Controlling Air Toxics)
Version 1.0
By
G.S. Shareef, M.T. Johnston, E.P. Epner, D. Ocamb and C. Berry
Radian Corporation
P.O. Box 13000
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
EPA Contracts 68-02-3994 and 68-02-4286
New Jersey DEP Contract S86068
Project Officers:
Sharon L. Nolen
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
Tom Micai
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
401 East State Street
Trenton, NJ 08625
Prepared for
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Control Technology Center
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
and
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
Trenton, NJ 08625
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The CAT program was prepared for EPA's Control Technology Center (CTC) and the New Jersey Department
of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) by M. T. Johnston, Gunseli Sagun Shareef, Enc Epner, David
Ocamb, and Craig Berry of Radian Corporation. The tutorial manual was prepared by M. T. Johnston. The
project officers were Sharon Nolen of the EPA's Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory (AEERL)
and Tom Micai, NJDEP. Also participating on the project team were Jane Bare, AEERL, and Robert
Rosensteel and Randy McDonald of EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS).
DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY
THE CAT PROGRAM AND ITS ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTATION ARE PROVIDED "AS IS"
WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND. THE U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
(EPA), THE NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION (NJDEP), AND
RADIAN DO NOT WARRANT, GUARANTEE, OR MAKE ANY REPRESENTATIONS
REGARDING THE USE, OR THE RESULTS OF THE USE, OF THE PROGRAM OR
ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTATION IN TERMS OF CORRECTNESS, ACCURACY,
RELIABILITY, CURRENTNESS, OR OTHERWISE. RADIAN, EPA AND NJDEP DO NOT
WARRANT THAT THE OPERATION OF THE PROGRAM WILL BE UNINTERRUPTED OR
ERROR FREE.
RADIAN, EPA, AND NJDEP MAKE NO IMPLIED OR STATUTORY WARRANTIES, INCLUDING
BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
NO ORAL OR WRITTEN INFORMATION OR ADVICE GIVEN BY RADIAN, EPA, NJDEP,
THEIR DEALERS, DISTRIBUTORS, AGENTS, OR EMPLOYEES SHALL CREATE A WARRANTY,
AND YOU MAY NOT RELY ON ANY SUCH INFORMATION OR ADVICE.
NEITHER RADIAN, EPA, NJDEP, NOR ANYONE ELSE WHO HAS BEEN INVOLVED IN THE
CREATION, PRODUCTION, OR DELIVERY OF THIS PRODUCT SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY
DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING
DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, LOSS OF
BUSINESS INFORMATION, AND THE LIKE) ARISING FROM THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO
USE SUCH PRODUCT, EVEN IF RADIAN, EPA, OR NJDEP HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
NOTICE OF TRADEMARK
IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines, Inc.
Lotus is a registered trademark of Lotus Development Corporation.
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PREFACE
The CAT program was funded as a cooperative project by EPAs Control Technology Center (CTC)
and the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP).
The CTC was established by EPAs Office of Research and Development (ORD) and Office of Air
Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) to provide technical assistance to State and Local air pollution
control agencies. Three levels of assistance can be accessed through the CTC. First, a CTC HOTLINE has
been established to provide telephone assistance on matters relating to air pollution control technology.
Second, more In-depth engineering assistance can be provided when appropriate. Third, the CTC can
provide technical guidance through publication of technical guidance documents, development of
personal computer software, and presentation of workshops on control technology matters.
The technical guidance projects, such as this one, focus on topics of national or regional Interest
that are identified through contact with State and Local agencies. In this case, the CTC became
interested in automating the calculations from the ORD document. Control Technologies for Hazardous
Air Pollutants, EPA/625/6-86-014. September 1986. The document discusses choosing the appropriate
control technology for vapor and partlculate emissions streams and leads the reader, step-by-step,
through the calculations required for design and cost estimations of 10 different control devices.
Soon after the CTC decided to fund a project to computerize the document. It was discovered that
the NJDEP had plans to develop a similar system to help automate the permit review process for the State
of New Jersey. CTC and NJDEP agreed to work together to produce a computer program to assist permit
reviewers across the country In the review of air emission permit applications. This document Is the
tutorial manual for the program resulting from the joint effort.
ill
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EPA REVIEW NOTICE
This report has been reviewed by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication.
Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policy of the Agency, nor does
mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
This document is available to the public through the National-Technical Information-Service, Springfield,
Virginia 22161.
IV
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Table of Contents
Page
1. Introduction 1
2. Installation 2
3. Operation 3
Main Menu 4
Plant 5
Stream 6
Device 15
Review 20
File 25
Clear 28
Quit 29
4. Data Entry Control Keys 30
Appendices
A. Costing Methodology 32
Total Capital Investment 32
Annual Operating Costs 33
Thermal Incinerator 33
Catalytic Incinerator 34
Flare 34
Carbon Adsorber 34
Packed Column Scrubber 35
Condenser 35
Fabric Filter 35
Venturi Scrubber 36
Example 36
References 43
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B. Data Input Forms 44
Thermal Incinerator 45
Catalytic Incinerator 46
Flare 48
Carbon Adsorber 49
Packed Column Scrubber 51
Condenser 53
Fabric Filter 54
Venturi Scrubber 55
C. Nomenclature 56
D. Abbreviations and Conversion Factors 61
VI
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List of Figures
Page
1. The Title Page for CAT 3
2. The CAT Main Menu 4
3. The Plant Form 5
4. Stream Types 7
5. Characterizing the Emission Stream 8
6. Changing a Parameter Value 9
7. Selecting Pollutants Based on SIC Code 11
8. Possible Pollutants from SIC Code 2641 12
9. Changing the Parameters for TOLUENE 13
10. The Add Menu can Select any Species in the CAT Data base 14
11. Selecting a Device Type 16
12. The Parameter Menu for a Thermal Incinerator 17
13. Changing the Calculation Value for the Combustion Temperature 18
14. Getting On-Line Help 19
15. The Review Menu 20
16. Evaluating the Design Parameters 21
17. Computing Capital and Operating Costs 22
18. Viewing a Report on the Screen 23
19. Printing a Report 24
20. Saving Your Work 26
21. Recalling a Review 27
22. Clearing Memory 28
Vll
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August, 1988
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
This document is a tutorial manual for the program, Controlling Air Toxics (CAT). The purpose of the
program is to assist permit engineers in the review of permit applications for control of air toxics. The
program performs design and cost calculations for the control device based on the emission stream
characteristics.
This manual describes how to operate the software on a personal computer, the commands used, and how
to enter and receive information. Examples are included with the software, and one is used in this tutorial.
The manual also contains several appendices to aid in using the program, including data input forms
which may be used as work sheets.
The CAT program is based on the EPA Handbook, Control Technologies for Hazardous Air Pollutants,
EPA/62S/6-86/014, and is meant to be used with the handbook. If you intend to use CAT to review permit
applications, you should acquire a copy of this handbook. More up-to-date costs have been used when
available and are explained in Appendix A.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0
August, 1988
SECTION 2
INSTALLATION
This section tells you how to install CAT on your IBM*personal computer or clone. CAT requires a hard
disk with one megabyte of available space, 640K of memory, and DOS 2.0 or higher.
First, insert your CAT distribution disk 1 into the A: drive and type
A:INSTALL
Next, insert CAT distribution disk 2 when prompted. This procedure will create a directory C:\CAT and
place a copy of the CAT program and its data files there.
An example for each control device is included in the files provided with CAT. The example files are:
File Name Control Device
AB.CAT Absorber
CA.CAT Carbon Adsorber
CI.CAT Catalytic Incinerator
CO.CAT Condenser
FF.CAT Fabric Filter
FL.CAT Flare
TI.CAT Thermal Incinerator
VS.CAT Venturi Scrubber
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0
August, 1988
SECTION 3
OPERATION
To run the program, change directories to the CAT directory:
CD \CAT
then invoke the program by typing:
CAT
A few moments will pass while the program loads a number of files from the disk, then the title page will
appear (see Figure 1). Use [PgUp], [PgDn], [Home], and [End] keys to view the preface material. Use
the [Esc] key to begin using the program.
Press PgUp. PgDn. Home, and End to scroll, Esc when finished
CAT
(Controlling Air Toxics)
Sharon Nolen
Control Technology Center
U.S Environmental Protection Agency
Tom Micai
New Jersey Department of
Environmental Protection
Developed by Radian Corporation
The purpose of this program is to assist permit engineers in the review
of permit applications for control of air toxics The program performs
design and cost calculations for the control device based on the
emission stream characteristics. The program is based on the EPA
Figure 1. The Title Page for CAT.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT. Version 1.0
August. 1988
THE MAIN MENU
CAT uses a menu styled after Lotus® which permanently appears at the top of the computer screen.
Figure 2 presents the main menu which now appears at the top of your screen. To use the menus, you may
use the arrow keys on the cursor pad at the right of your keyboard to highlight a desired menu option and
press [Enter] or simply press the first character of the option. This will either elicit some action from the
program or produce another menu of options (a sub-menu). Selection is made from the sub-menu as
before; to exit the sub-menu and return to the parent menu, press the [Esc] key.
Note: The options on each menu are placed generally in the order, left to right, that will be most useful to
the permit reviewer who is entering data.
Plant Stream Device Review File Clear Quit
Enter identifying data f;ir the plant.
Figure 2. The CAT Main Menu.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0
August. 1988
This tutorial uses an example file called TI.CAT, which is loaded by using the File menu (see page 25).
The other example files are discussed on page 2. For now, to load the file:
Press F for File, then press R for Recall.
Now, enter Tf.CAT and press [Enter] to load the file and return to the main menu.
PLANT
Now, press P from the mam menu to run the Plant activity.
Figure 3 shows the form which will be displayed on your screen. You fill out the form by placing data in
each field. A field is the highlighted area which contains the blinking cursor. To enter data in a field, just
type using the keyboard. You may move between fields by using the arrow keys and [Home] and [End].
Some of the function keys on the keyboard may be used to help in this task; refer to Data Entry Control
Keys, Section 4.
Plant Stream Device Review File Clear
Enter identifying data for the plant
Quit
Plant Identifying Data
Company Glaze Chemical Company
Street 87 Octane Drive
City Somewhere
State.ZIP NJ, 12345-0001
Contact John Leake
Telephone (999) 123-4567 Ext.
Reviewer
Figure 3. The Plant Form.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August, 1988
The information on this plant form will be printed out on any reports you print from this file. It is not
required for calculations, but will be useful in future review of the reports generated.
When you strike the [Enter] key from the last field, CAT will ask if you are ready to leave the form.
Answer Y to go back to the main menu or N if you want to continue working on the form. You may skip
directly to this question from any other field on the Plant form by pressing the [F10] key. If you have
made changes to the Plant form and wish to abandon them, press the [Esc] key from anywhere inside the
form.
You will encounter other forms in the CAT program. A form will always be surrounded by a double line
box with a description in the upper left-hand comer of the box. [F10] will always exit the form, keeping
any changes you may have made.
Now, press the IF 10] hey and then press Y to confirm and return to the main menu.
STREAM
Now, press Sfrom the main menu to invoke the Stream menu.
You will see a sub-menu with four options; Type, Parameters, HAP, and Clear, as shown at the top of
Figure 4. The Stream activity prompts you to characterize an emission stream by entering its type, its
physical parameters, and the pollutants it contains.
STREAM/TYPE
Now, press T to specify the Type of emission stream.
You must categorize the emission stream before you can proceed further. As you become more
experienced with the program, you will find that your choice of stream type will influence which device
types you may choose from the Device menu and the questions you are required to answer.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0
August, 1988
You will now see a pop-up menu on the left side of the display (see Figure 4). This pop-up menu is similar
to other pop-up menus in the CAT program in its appearance and manipulation. A pop-up menu will
always be surrounded by a single-line box. The box may or may not have a title on its top line; this one
does not. You will also see a question or prompt displayed on the third line of the display which tells you
what information CAT is trying to elicit from you. To make a selection from the pop-up menu, use the
cursor keys to highlight the option you desire and press [Enter]. In some pop-up menus this will cause a
form to pop up; here, it does not. You may always leave a pop-up menu without selecting anything by
pressing [Esc].
Type
Parameters HAP Clear
Select the type of the emission stream.
What type of emission stream are you evaluating?
organic vapor
inorganic vapor
organic participate
inorganic participate
Figure 4. Stream Types.
Now, select the organic vapor stream type and press [Enter].
Note: Once a stream type has been selected, it can be changed by choosing the Type option again and
selecting another type. If, however, you have already Tilled out other stream information and then select a
new stream type, the other information you have Filled in will be lost. This is unavoidable, since different
information is required by the different stream types.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0
STREAM/PARAMETERS
August, 1988
Now, press P for Parameters.
Figure 5 shows what your display will look like. This is a pop-up menu of parameters which contains four
entries for each menu option. The first column shows what the parameter is. The name is right-justified
on the display and the next three columns contain the Applicant's value, the Calculation value, and
Checked, yes or no - more about these in a moment.
Type Parameters HAP Clear
Enter parameters describing the emission stream
Select a parameter and press Enter, or Esc to exit.
Parameter
Maximum flow rate (scfm)
Pressure (mmHg)
Temperature (degF)
Heat content (Btu/scf)
Oxygen content (X)
Moisture content (%)
Relative humidity (%)
Are halogenated organics present7 (Y/N)
Are metals present? (Y/N)
Appl
- Calc - Checked!
15000
120
.4
20.6
2
Figure 5. Characterizing the Emission Stream.
To input or change the values on the display, choose a parameter from the pop-up menu by highlighting
the parameter and pressing [Enter].
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0
August, 1988
Now. select the Maximum flow rate from the menu and press [Enter].
Your display should appear as in Figure 6. Selecting a parameter will cause a parameter form to pop up in
the center of your screen which has fields for each of the three columns on the menu line, plus a
Recommended value field. The name of the form is the name of the associated variable from the HAP
manual. This will help you backtrack CAT computations if you wish. The first line of the form contains a
full description of the parameter. The Recommended value field may contain some default value to be
used for the calculation value if none is available from the applicant. In general, you should always try to
obtain all information from the applicant, but this is not always possible. CAT will recommend default
values for some of the more difficult-to-find values. You can never enter a value into the Recommended
value field.
Type Parameters HAP Clear
Enter parameters describing the emission stream
Select a parameter and press Enter, or Esc to exit.
Parameter
Qe
Maximum flow rate (scfm)
Pressure (mnHg)
Appl
- Calc - Checkedi
15000
Maximum flow rate (scfm)
Applicant value
Recommended value
Calculation value 15000
Checked
Figure 6. Changing a Parameter Value.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT. Version 1.0 August, 1988
You will be prompted to fill out three fields on the parameter form; The Applicant value, the Calculation
value, and Checked. These fields will help you to track your progress in reviewing the application. They
will be especially useful if your review takes more than one session with the CAT program or if your
agency runs quality control checks on your review.
The Applicant value is the value reported by the applicant on the permit application. This field is stored
strictly for comparison purposes; it will never be used in any computation.
The Calculation value field should contain the value you wish to be used to compute design parameters for
a device. Normally this value should be the same as the Applicant value. This will not be true if the
applicant did not supply a value, or if you wish to study the effect of changing the value on the design.
Some calculation values will be computed by CAT; you will not be able to change the calculation value
for these "Evaluation" parameters.
The Checked field is supplied to allow you to annotate which parameters you have reviewed and agree
with. This field should also be used if the applicant value is non-blank and you use some other value for
the calculation value. Enter a Y in this field if you agree with the applicant's value.
As with other forms, you may discard your changes by pressing [Esc]. In the parameter forms, press
[Esc] before entering a value in the Checked field.
Now, press [EscJ to return to the Parameter menu, then press [Esc] again to return to the Stream menu.
STREAM/HAP
Now, press H to invoke the HAP sub-menu.
The HAP sub-menu activity is designed to help you to specify which hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) exist
in the emission stream and to specify the physical parameters for each. There are four options under this
sub-menu, as shown in Figure 7.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0
STREAM/HAP/GENERATE
August, 1988
Now, press G for Generate.
CAT contains a data base that identifies which pollutants may be associated with different Standard
Industrial Classification (SIC) codes. Figure 7 presents the pop-up menu of SIC codes obtained by running
the Generate option. Try the [Home] and [End] keys and note that they will take you to the start and end
of the pop-up menu.
Generate Review Add Delete
Generate a list of candidate HAPs from the SIC code.
Select the SIC code and press Enter or Esc to abort
2591 DRAPERY HARDWARE & BLINDS & SHADES
2599 FURNITURE AND FIXTURES. NEC
2611 PULP MILLS
2621 PAPER MILLS. EXCEPT BUILDING PAPER
2631 PAPERBOARD MILLS
2641 PAPER COATING AND GLAZING
2643 BAGS. EXCEPT TEXTILE BAGS
2644 CONVERTED PAPER AND PAPERBOARD PRODUCTS
2645 DIE-CUT PAPER AND BOARD
2647 SANITARY PAPER PRODUCTS
2648 STATIONERY PRODUCTS
2649 CONVERTED PAPER PRODUCTS, NEC
2651 FOLDING PAPERBOARD BOXES
2653 CORRUGATED AND SOLID FIBER BOXES
2654 SANITARY FOOD CONTAINERS
2655 FIBER CANS. DRUMS & SIMILAR PRODUCTS
2661 BUILDING PAPER AND BOARD MILLS
2700 PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
2711 NEWSPAPERS
Figure 7. Selecting Pollutants Based on SIC Code.
Now. use the (UpArrowJ and [DnArrowJ keys to select 2641 PAPER COATING AND GLAZING, and
press [Enter].
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0
August, 1988
After a moment, CAT will display a list of pollutants and CAS numbers (see Figure 8). As of now, CAT
believes that these are the pollutants contained in the emission stream. This display is also a pop-up menu;
to edit the parameters for any pollutant, highlight the pollutant using the cursor motion keys and press
[Enter].
Generate Review Add Delete
Generate a list of candidate HAPs from the SIC code
67-64-1 ACETONE
7664-41-7 AMMONIA
78-93-3 BUTANONE.2-
630-08-0 CARBON MONOXIDE
64-17-5 ETHANOL
50-00-0 FORMALDEHYDE
7783-06-4 HYDROGEN SULFIDE
78-83-1 ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL
67-63-0 ISOPROPANOL
67-56-1 METHANOL
1Z7-18-4 TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
108-88-3 TOLUENE
71-55-6 TRICHLOROETHANE.1.1.1-
Figure 8. Possible Pollutants from SIC Code 2641.
Now. select the pollutant TOLUENE and press [Enter].
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0
August. 1988
A parameter pop-up menu for TOLUENE overlays the pollutant pop-up menu (see Figure 9). This pop-up
menu shows physical parameters for TOLUENE, with all available parameters filled out from the data
base.
Generate
Delete
Review Add
Review the HAPs in the emission stream.
Select TOLUENE parameter and press Enter, or Esc to exit
Parameter
Inlet HAP concentration (ppmv)
Molecular weight (lb/lb-mole)
Specific heat equation constant A
Specific heat equation constant B
Specific heat equation constant C
Antoine equation constant A
Antoine equation constant B
Antoine equation constant C
Heat of vaporization (Btu/lb-mole)
Appl
Calc
73
92 IS
0 576
93 493
-31 227
6 95464
1344 8
219.48
14262 60
- Checkedn
Figure 9. Changing the Parameters for TOLUENE.
Now, select (he Inlet HAP concentration (ppmv) parameter and press [Enter]. Add a Calculation value of
73 ppmv. Use the [UpArrow] and [DnArrow] keys, the [Enter] key or the [F10] key to return to the
TOLUENE parameter menu. Press [Esc] to return to the pop-up menu of pollutants and then [Esc] again
to return to the HAP menu.
STREAM/HAP/REVIEW
Once you have selected the pollutants for the stream, you may get a pop-up menu of them by pressing R
for Review. The screen will appear again as in Figure 8 and CAT will work as before.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0
STREAM/HAP/ADD
August, 1988
CAT stores a data base of several hundred air toxic species. You may select any one specifically by
invoking A for Add from the HAP menu. There will be a slight delay while CAT accesses the data base.
Now, press Afar Add. Use the [Home}, [End], [PgUp], and [PgDn] keys to view the entire pop-up
menu
Figure 10 depicts a portion of the pop-up menu of air toxics which may be evaluated by the CAT program.
A pollutant is added to the stream by selecting it from this menu. As you do so, you will notice that the
pollutant you selected disappears from the menu. You may continue to select pollutants from the menu by
pressing [Enter].
Note: Each pollutant you choose will be loaded from the data base and will consume several thousand
bytes of memory. As a matter of practicality, you may wish to restrict the number of pollutants evaluated.
X
Generate Review Add Delete
83-32-9
208-96-8
75-07-0
64-19-7
108-24-7
67-64-1
75-05-8
74-86-2
50-78-2
107-02-8
79-06-1
79-10-7
107-13-1
15972-60-8
107-18-6
7429-90-5
133-90-4
92-67-1
504-29-0
V
Add a HAP to the list of HAPs selected for evaluation
ACENAPHTHENE
ACENAPHTHYLENE
ACETALDEHYDE
ACETIC ACID
ACETIC ANHYDRIDE
ACETONE
ACETONITRILE
ACETYLENE
ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID
ACROLEIN
ACRYLAMIDE
ACRYLIC ACID
ACRYLONITRILE
ALACHLOR
ALLYL ALCOHOL
ALUMINUM
AMI BEN
AHINOBIPHENYL.4-
AMINOPYRIDINE.2-
J
Figure 10. The Add Menu can Select any Species in the CAT Data base.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August, 1988
Now, press [Esc] to return to the HAP menu.
STREAM/HAP/DELETE
To remove a pollutant from the list of pollutants in the stream, press D for Delete and a menu similar to
Figure 8 will appear. Each pollutant you select from the menu will be deleted from the stream and from
the menu display.
Now press [Esc] to return to the Stream menu
STREAM/CLEAR
Now, press C for Clear.
CAT will ask if you are really sure that you want to clear the stream information; answering Y will erase
all stream data from memory. The Clear option is particularly helpful if you want to review another stream
from the same plant, but don't want to type in the plant identifying data again.
Now, press [Esc] or N to abort the clear operation, and press [Esc] again to return to the main menu.
DEVICE
Now, press D for Device.
A menu with the options Type and Parameters will appear.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT. Version 1.0
DEVICE/TYPE
August. 1988
Now, press T for Type.
Figure 11 depicts what your display should look like. The devices in the pop-up menu are those devices
which might be applied to an organic vapor stream. As with the Stream parameters, there are a number of
parameters attached to each kind of device. Therefore, you cannot choose the Parameter option before
you have specified the Type. Also, once a device type has been selected, choosing another will destroy
any device data you have already entered. If you find yourself in this menu by accident and want to
abandon the menu, press [Esc].
Type Parameters
Choose control device type for permit evaluation.
Select a device and press Enter, or Esc to abort.
Thermal Incinerator
Catalytic Incinerator
Flare
Carbon Adsorber
Packed Column Scrubber
Condenser
Figure 11. Selecting a Device Type.
Now, select the Thermal Incinerator and press [EnterJ.
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DEVICE/PARAMETERS
August. 1988
Now, press Pfor Parameters.
Your display should appear as in Figure 12, with a pop-up menu of parameters. The left-justified
parameters in all upper-case (e.g., DESIGN RELATED PARAMETERS) are present to organize the
parameters; you cannot enter data for them.
Type Parameters
Enter parameters describing the device
Select Thermal Incinerator parameter and press Enter, or Esc to exit
• Parameter
DESIGN RELATED PARAMETERS.. . .
Destruction efficiency (%)
Combustion temperature (degF)
Residence time (sec)
Is a heat exchanger used? (Y/N)
Emission stream temp, after preheat (degF)
Excess air (X)
Heating value of supplement fuel (Btu/scf)
Reference temperature (degF)
COST RELATED PARAMETERS .
Duct cost ($/linear ft)
Length of duct (ft)
Total pressure drop (in H20)
Average equipment life (yr)
Operator labor requirements (hr/shift)
Maintenance labor requirements (hr/shift)
Appl
Calc - Checked!
99
1800
75
Y
960
0
88Z
70
50
100
6
10
5
5
Figure 12. The Parameter Menu for a Thermal Incinerator.
Explore the menu. As with other parameter pop-up menus, selecting any parameter will cause a parameter
form to appear.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August, 1988
Now, select ike Combustion temperature using [UpArrow] and [DnArrowJ, then press [Enter].
Figure 13 presents the parameter form for the variable Tc.
Type Parameters
Enter parameters describing the device
Select Thermal Incinerator parameter and press Enter, or Esc to exit
Press Fl for a table of suggested combustion temperatures
r Parameter Appl Calc - Checked-
DESIGN RELATED PARAMETERS. . .
Destruction efficiency (X)
p Tc •-===
99
Combustion temperature (degF)
Applicant value
Recommended value
Calculation value 1800
Checked
Maintenance labor requirements (hr/shift)
Figure 13. Changing the Calculation Value for the Combustion Temperature.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0
August, 1988
Now, press [FIJfor on-line help.
If you follow the suggestion on line 4 of the display, you will receive on-line help for this parameter (see
Figure 14). Help is available from many of the fields in the CAT program. From any field, simply press
the help key, [Fl], and the text should be displayed in the lower portion of the screen. While in the help
window, you may scroll the text by using the arrow keys. To turn help off, press the help key again.
Type Parameters
Enter parameters describing the device.
Select Thermal Incinerator parameter and press Enter, or Esc to exit.
Use cursor pad keys to scroll through help file
• Parameter Appl Calc - Checkedi
DESIGN RELATED PARAMETERS
Destruction efficiency (X) 99
Based on the required destruction efficiency, the combustion
temperature and residence time are determined from Table 4-1
in the manual:
Required
Destruction
Efficiency
DE (X)
Nonhalogenated Stream
Combustion Residence
Temperature Time
Tc ( F) tr (sec)
Halogenated Stream
Combustion Residence
Temperature Time
Tc ( F) tr (sec)
98
99
1.600
1.800
0 75
0 75
2,000
2.200
1 0
1 0
Figure 14. Getting On-Line Help.
Now, press [Fl] again to turn help off. Press [Esc] to return to the Parameters menu, and press [Esc]
again to return to the Device menu. Then press [Esc] once more to return to the main menu.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0
REVIEW
August, 1988
Now, press R to Review the application.
The Review menu (Figure IS) allows you to see the results of the review on your display or print them on
your printer. You can also control which portions of the review that you want to see.
Evaluate Cost View Print
Evaluate the applicant's design parameters
Figure IS. The Review Menu.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT. Version 1.0
REVIEW/EVALUATE
August, 1988
Now, press E to Evalute the application.
Your display should appear as in Figure 16. The Intermediate Results always list intermediate computed
values. This is intended to help you trace the calculations performed by CAT. The Permit Evaluation
section lists the parameters from the PERMIT EVALUATION section of the device parameter menu. If
the evaluation is longer than the display box, you may scroll through it by using the [UpArrow],
[DnArrow], [PgUp], and [PgDn] keys.
Evaluate Cost View Print
Evaluate the applicant's design parameters
Press PgUp, PgDn. Home, and End to scroll, Esc when finished
Intermediate Results:
Cpair(960) = 0.0189
Cpair(lBOO) = 0.0203
Qc = 0
deltaTLH = 840
Permit Evaluation
Supplementary heat requirement (Btu/min)
Supplementary fuel flow rate (scfm)
Flue gas flow rate (scfm)
Combustion chamber volume (ft3)
Heat exchanger surface area (ft2)
313486
355
15355
859
4279
Figure 16. Evaluating the Design Parameters.
Now. press [Esc] to return to the Review menu.
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REVIEW/COST
August, 1988
Now, press C to get estimates of the Cost of the equipment.
Figure 17 shows the detail produced by running the Cost option. The total capital investment and
components of the annualized cost are presented.
Evaluate Cost View Print
Present estimates of the capital and annualized cost
Press PgUp. PgDn. Home, and End to scroll. Esc when finished
Total Capital Investment (June 1985 Dollars)
355462
Direct Operating Costs
Natural Gas
Electricity
Operator Labor
Operator Supervision
Maintenance Labor
Maintenance Materials
Indirect Operating Costs
778515
39867
6197
930
6197
6197
Figure 17. Computing Capital and Operating Costs.
Now. press [Esc] to return to the Review menu.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0
REVIEW/VIEW
August. 1988
Now, press V for the View option.
Your display should appear as in Figure 18, with a pop-up menu of four choices on the left side of the
display. View is intended to allow you to preview the report before it is printed. View and Print will
produce exactly the same results, except that View sends its output to a window on the screen, while Print
sends output to a file or the printer.
Evaluate Cost View Print
Preview a report of the evaluation and costs.
Figure 18. Viewing a Report on the Screen.
If you select design or cost from the menu, you will get the same report as if you selected Evaluate or
Cost, above. If you select device, you will receive a report detailing how well suited the device may be to
the emission stream. If you select all, you will receive a report with all of the design, cost, and device
data.
Now, select device from the menu and press [Enter]. Then press [Esc] to return to the Review menu.
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August, 1988
REVIEW/PRINT
Now, press P for Print.
Figure 19 shows CAT prompting you for the file name to which you wish your report to go. The default
name PRN provided for you will send your output to the printer. If you wish the result to go to a file,
erase the "PRN" and enter ihe name of the file in which you wish to store the report. Otherwise, the Print
option behaves the same as the View option, described above.
Evaluate Cost View Print
Print a report of the evaluation and costs
File Name. PRN
Enter the name of the file in which to place the report.
Figure 19. Printing a Report
Now. press [Esc] to return to the Review menu without printing. Press {Esc] again to return to the main
menu.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT. Version 1.0 August. 1988
FILE
Now. press F for File.
The File option allows you to save your evaluation on disk and recall it later; a handy way to save that
hard work.
FILE/SAVE
Now. press Sfor Save.
Figure 20 shows CAT asking for the name of the file in which to save the current review data. The name
entered must be any valid DOS pathname. Some possibilities are:
glaze.cat
A:glaze.cat
glazeNstreamlxat
\john\nov88\glaze.cat
The first example shows using a simple file name. Refer to your DOS manual for the rules governing file
names. The second example demonstrates saving a file on a floppy in drive A. Examples three and four
demonstrate taking advantage of the DOS file hierarchy to organize the files you use. See your DOS
manual for more on directory hierarchies.
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If you enter the name of an existing File, CAT will ask if you want to overwrite the Hie. If you answer Y,
the previous contents of the file will be lost
Save Reca11
Save the review information to a disk file for later use
File Name ti cat
Enter the name of the file in which to save the evaluation
Figure 20. Saving Your Work.
Now, enter MY FILE. CAT and press [Enter] to save the review.
Note: Unlike other menu options in CAT. when a File option is finished, it returns you automatically to
the main menu. This was done intentionally to make the program easier for you to use.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0
FILE/RECALL
August, 1988
Now. press F for File, then R for Recall.
Figure 21 shows the CAT program asking for the name of the file to read. The file named must conform to
the rules discussed under FILE/SAVE, above, and must have been Saved by the CAT program.
Save Reca 11
Recall permit information which was Saved previously.
File Name
Enter the name of the file from which to read the evaluation
Figure 21. Recalling a Review.
Now. press [Esc] to return to the File menu, and press [Esc] again to return to the main menu.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0
CLEAR
August, 1988
Now, press Cfor Clear.
The Clear option provides a way for you to start the CAT program from scratch without having to quit and
return to the program. As shown in Figure 22, Clear asks you if you really want to proceed before it clears
memory.
Hant Siream Device Review File Clear
Erase the current review from memory.
Are you really sure7 [Y/N]
Clear will erase everything from memory
Quit
Figure 22. Clearing Memory.
Now, press N to leave without clearing memory.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August, 1988
QUIT
Now. press Q to Quit the CAT program.
CAT will ask if you are sure that you want to quit. Be sure that you have saved whatever you are working
on before you answer Y, as all your work will be lost if you do not.
Now. press Y to return to DOS.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August, 1988
SECTION 4
DATA ENTRY CONTROL KEYS
Edit Commands
[Backspace]
Deletes character to the left of cursor and closes text
[Del]
Deletes character at the cursor and closes text.
[Ins]
Toggles insert mode. In insert mode, characters are inserted at the current cursor position.
Characters will not be inserted if they would push existing text beyond the boundary of a field.
[F5]
Clear the data field. Protected characters remain.
[F6]
Clear to end of field. Protected characters remain.
Field Commands
[Left Arrow]
Moves cursor to the left without affecting text
[Right Arrow]
Moves cursor to right without affecting text.
[Enter]
Enter a block of data into the computer's memory.
[PgUp]
[UpArrow]
Prior field is made the active field. If already in the first field, remain in that field.
[PgDn]
[DnArrow]
Next field is made the active field. If already in the last field, remain in that field.
[Home]
Go to the first field on the form.
[End]
Go to the last field on the form.
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August, 1988
[Esc]
Abort the data entry.
[F10]
Exit the data form; save entered data.
Help Commands
[Fl]
Enter and Exit (toggle) Help Window.
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APPENDIX A • COSTING METHODOLOGY
The following is a discussion of the methodology used to develop costs for controlling emissions of
hazardous air pollutants. The approach and cost data are those used in the manual Control Technologies
for Hazardous Air Pollutants, (EPA/625/6-86/014) unless specified differently. The possible control
devices include thermal incinerators, catalytic incinerators, flares, carbon adsorbers, packed column
scrubbers, condensers, fabric Filters and venturi scrubbers. A general costing methodology for capital and
annualized costs is developed and a brief description of costing for each control device is presented. This
appendix concludes with an example of costing a thermal incinerator. All costs in this program are based
on June 1985 dollars.
TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
The total capital investment can be broken down into direct and indirect costs, as shown below:
Direct Capital Costs:
Control Device
Auxiliary Equipment
Instrumentation and Controls
Taxes
Freight Charges
Direct Installation Costs:
Site Preparation
Foundation and Supports
Erection and Handling
Electrical
Piping
Insulation
Painting
Indirect Capital Costs:
Engineering and Supervision
Construction and Field Expenses
Construction Fee
Start-Up
Performance Test
Model Study
Based on the cost data available, the cost for some control devices includes auxiliary equipment,
instrumentation and controls, taxes, and freight charges in the direct capital cost. For example, the cost
for a thermal incinerator system includes the cost of a heat exchanger (if heat recovery is practiced), an
exhaust stack, instrumentation and controls, taxes, and freight charges, but the cost for ducting must be
determined separately. For each control device, the cost items included in the total capital investment are
shown below.
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ANNUAL OPERATING COSTS
The annual operating costs are also broken down into direct and indirect costs:
Direct Operating Costs:
Utilities
Natural Gas
Electricity
Steam
Water
Operating Labor and Maintenance
Operating Labor
Supervisory Labor
Maintenance Labor
Maintenance Materials
Replacement Parts
Replacement Labor
Indirect Operating Costs:
Overhead
Property Tax
Insurance
Administrative
Capital Recovery
Summing the direct and indirect operating costs yields the total annualized operating cost. The net
annualized cost is determined by subtracting the Solvent recovery credit, where it applies.
THERMAL INCINERATOR
Total Capital Investment
Incinerator System Cost (Reference 2)
Ducting Cost
Direct Operating Costs
Natural Gas Cost
Electricity Cost
Operating Labor and Maintenance Cost
Indirect Operating Costs
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August, 1988
CATALYTIC INCINERATOR
Total Capital Investment
Incinerator System Cost (Reference 2)
Ducting Cost
Direct Operating Cost
Natural Gas Cost
Electricity Cost
Operating Labor and Maintenance Cost
Replacement Pans Cost
Replacement Labor Cost
Indirect Operating Costs
FLARE
Total Capital Investment
Flare System Cost (Reference 3)
Ducting Cost
Direct Operating Costs
Natural Gas Cost
Electricity Cost
Steam Cost
Operating Labor and Maintenance Cost
Indirect Operating Costs
CARBON ADSORBER
Total Capital Investment
Adsorber System Cost (Reference 2)
Direct Operating Costs
Steam Cost
Natural Gas Cost
Electricity Cost
Operating Labor and Maintenance Cost
Replacement Pans Cost
Replacement Labor Cost
Indirect Operating Costs
Solvent Recovery Credit
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August, 1988
PACKED COLUMN SCRUBBER
Total Capital Investment
Absorber System Cost
Ducting Cost
Fan Cost
Stack Cost
Platform Cost
Packing Cost
Direct Operating Costs
Electricity Cost
Absorbent Cost
Operating Labor and Maintenance Cost
Indirect Operating Costs
CONDENSER
Total Capital Investment
Condenser System Cost
Refrigerant Cost
Direct Operating Costs
Electricity Cost
Coolant (water or other) Cost
Operating Labor and Maintenance Cost
Indirect Operating Costs
Solvent Recovery Credit
FABRIC FILTER
Total Capital Investment
Baghouse Cost
Bag Cost
Ducting Cost
Fan Cost
Direct Operating Costs
Electricity Cost
Operating Labor and Maintenance Cost
Replacement Parts Cost
Replacement Labor Cost
Indirect Operating Costs
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August, 1988
VENTURISCRUBBER
Total Capital Investment
Scrubber System Cost
Ducting Cost
Fan Cost
Direct Operating Cost
Water Cost
ETectricity Cost
Operating Labor and Maintenance Cost
Indirect Operating Cost
EXAMPLE
Following is an example of estimating the costs for the purchase and operation of a thermal incinerator.
The example incorporates (he emission stream characteristics presented in the HAP manual.
The emission stream parameters are:
Maximum flow rate (scfm) 15000
Pressure (mmHg)
Temperature (degF) 120
Heat content (B tu/scf) 0.4
Oxygen content (%) 20.6
Moisture content (%) 2.0
Are halogenated organics present? (Y/N) N
Are metals present? (Y/N) N
The input design parameters are:
Destruction efficiency (%) 99
Combustion temperature (degF) 1800
Residence time (sec) 0.75
Is a heat exchanger used? (Y/N) Y
Emission stream temp, after preheat (degF) 960
Excess air (%) 0
Heating value of supplement, fuel (Btu/scf) 882
Reference temperature (degF) 70
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The costing parameters are:
Duct cost (June 1985S/linear ft) SO
Length of duct (ft) 100
Total pressure drop (in. H2O) 6
Average equipment life (yr) 10
Operator labor requirements (hr/shift) 0.5
Maintenance labor requirements (hr/shift) 0.5
The evaluation parameters relevant to costing are:
Supplementary fuel flow rate (scfm) ?55
Flue gas flow rate (scfm) 15,355
Calculation of percent heat recovery:
HR = 100 X ((The - Te)/(Tc - Te))
where:
The = emission stream temperature after preheat (degF)
Te = emission stream temperature before preheat (degF)
Tc = combustion temperature (degF)
HR = 100 X ((960 -120)/(1800 -120))
HR = 50%
Determination of incinerator cost for 50% heat recovery:
The incinerator cost equation from Reference 2 is based on a combution temperature of
1,500 degF. Use the following correction for the flue gas flow rate for temperatures higher than
1.500 degF:
Qfgc = Qfg X (Tc + 460.0)71960.0 = 17,705 scfm
Equipment Cost = e -^ x (".784 - l,165(lnQfgc) + 81 X InQfgc X InQfgc)
Equipment Cost = $187,284 (April 1986 dollars)
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The equipment cost must be de-escalated from April 1986 dollars to June 1985 dollars,
where:
April 1986 Index = 310.6
June 198S Index = 336.2
Equipment Cost = (187,284) X (336.2/310.6)
Equipment Cost = $202,458 (198S dollars)
Note: This includes instrumentation and controls. Assuming that these costs are 9-10% of the
equipment cost, the actual equipment cost is 5202,458 X 0.9, or $182,213.
Determination of ducting cost:
Duct Cost = (Length of Duct) X (S per linear foot)
Duct Cost = (100 feet) X (50 S per linear foot)
Duct Cost = $5,000 (1985 dollars)
Determination of Total Capital Investment (TCI):
Table 3-3 from Capital and Operating Costs of Selected Air Pollution Control Systems (Reference 4) is
used to determine the total capital investment. The sum of the control device cost and ducting cost
(auxiliary equipment) yields the variable 'A'.
Direct Costs
Control Device
Ducting
182,213
5,000
Purchased Equipment Costs (A) 187,213
Instruments and Controls 0.10A
Taxes 0.03A
Freight 0.05A
Purchased Eqpt. Costs 1 .OOA
Total Purchased Equipment Cost (B) 1.18 A
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Direct Installation Costs
Foundations and Supports
Erection and Handling
Electrical
Piping
Insulation
Painting
Total Direct Installation Costs
Total Purchased Eqpt. Cost
Total Direct Costs
0.08B
0.14B
0.04B
0.02B
0.01B
0.01B
0.30B
l.OOB
August, 1988
1.30B
Indirect Costs
Engineering and Supervision 0.10B
Construction & Field Expenses 0.05B
Construction Fee 0.10B
Start-Up 0.02B
Performance Test 0.01B
Contingencies 0.03B
Total Indirect Costs 0.31B
Total Direct and Indirect Costs 1.61B
To determine the total capital investment, sum the control device cost and the ducting cost, then multiply
by the capital cost factors.
Purchased Equipment Cost = Incinerator + Ducting
Purchased Equipment Cost = 182,213 + 5,000
Purchased Equipment Cost = SI87,213
TCI = Purchased Equipment Cost X 1.18 X 1.61
TCI = $355.666
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Elements of the Operating Costs (Table 5-9. Reference 1):
Element Unit Cost/Factor
Natural Gas S0.00425 per scf
Water $0.0003 per gal
Steam S0.00504 per Ib
Electricity $0.059 per kWh
Solvent As Applicable
Operator Labor S11.53 per hour
Supervisory Labor 15% Operator Labor
Maintenance Labor $ 11.53 per hour
Maintenance Materials 100% Maintenance Labor
Replacement Parts As Applicable
Replacement Labor 100% Replacement Parts
Determination of Indirect Operating Costs:
Overhead 60% of Operator, Supervisory, Maintenance and Replacement
Labor (Reference 2)
Property Tax 1.0% of Total Capital Investment
Insurance 1.0% of Total Capital Investment
Administrative 2.0% of Total Capital Investment
Determination of Natural Gas Cost:
Gas = Fuel Flow Rate X Annual Operation X Gas Price
Annual Operation = (8600 hrs per yr) X (60 min per hour) = 516,000 min per yr
Gas = (355 scfm) X (5.16E5 min per yr) X (0.00425 $ per scf) = $778,515
Determination of Fan Electricity Requirement (PER):
FER = 2.0E-4 X Qfg,a X delta P X Annual Operation
where: Qfg,a = Flue Gas Flow Rate at Actual Conditions
Qfg.a = Qfg X (Tc + 460)/530
Qfg,a = 15,355 X (1,800 + 460)/530
Qfg,a = 65,480 acfm
FER = 2.0E-4 X 65,480 X 6 X 8600 = 675,750 kWh
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August, 1988
Determination of Electrical Cost:
Elec = PER X Elec Price
Elec = (675,750 kWh) X (0.059 S per kWh) = $39,870
Determmatrorrof Labor Costs:
Operating Labor = Labor Required X Annual Hours X Labor Rate
Operating Labor = (0.5 hr per shift) X (2 shifts per 8 hr) X (8600 hr per yr)
X (11.53$ per hr)
Operating Labor = $6,200
Supervisory Labor Cost = 15% of Operating Labor Cost
Supervisory Labor Cost = $930
Maintenance Labor = Labor Reqd X Annual Hrs. X Labor Rate
Maintenance Labor = (0.5 hr per shift) X (2 shifts per 8 hr) X (8600 hr per yr)
X (11.53$ per hr)
Maintenance Labor = $6,200
Maintenance Materials = Maintenance Labor
Operating Labor and Maintenance Cost = 6,200 + 930 + 6,200 + 6,200
Operating Labor and Maintenance Cost =$19,530
Replacement Labor = $0 (not required for Thermal Incineration)
Replacement Parts = $0 (not required for Thermal Incineration)
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Determination of Direct Operating Costs (DOC)
DOC = Gas + Elec + Operating Labor and Maintenance Cost + Replacement Labor +
Replacement Parts
DOC = 778,515 + 39,870 + 19.530 + 0 + 0
DOC = $837,910
Determination of Indirect Operating Costs (IDOQ:
IDOC = Overhead + Property Tax + Insurance + Administration
where:
Overhead = 60% of Operator, Supervisory, Maintenance, and
Replacement Labor
= 60% (6,200 + 930 + 6.200 + 0) = $7.998
Property Tax = 1% TCI = $3.557
Insurance = 1% TCI = $3.557
Administration = 2% TCI = $7,114
Indirect Operating Costs = S22.226
Determination of Total Annual Operating Costs:
Total Operating = Direct Cost + Indirect Cost
Total Operating = 837.910 + 22,226
Total Operating = $860,136
Determination of Capital Recovery Cost:
i (1 + 0"
CRF =
(1 + i)n -1
where:
CRF represents capital recovery factor
i represents interest rate (fraction)
n represents equipment life (years)
CRF = 0.163 at 10% for 10 years
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Annual Capital Recovery = CRF X TCI = $57,974
Determination of Net Annualized Cost:
Net Annualized Cost = Total Operating + Capital Recovery - Recovery Credit
Recovery Credit = 0
Net Annualized Cost = 860,136 + 57,974 - 0 = $918,110
REFERENCES
1.) Control Technologies for Hazardous Air Pollutants,
Report No. EPA/625/6-86/014, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Research Triangle Park, NC, September 1986.
2.) EAB Control Cost Manual, 3rd Edition,
Report No. EPA/450/5-87-001 A, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Research Triangle Park, NC, February 1987.
3.) Chemical Engineering, "Costs of Flares," Volume 90,
Number 4, February 21,1983, p.89-90.
4.) Neveril, R.B., Capital and Operating Costs of Selected Air
Pollution Control Systems, Report No. EPA/450/5-80-002,
Research Triangle Park, NC, December 1978.
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APPENDIX B • DATA INPUT FORMS
In the following forms, fields preceded by asterisks (*) must be entered by the user in order for CAT to
perform calculations.
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CAT Analysis for Thermal Incinerator
Plant:
Name:
Address:
City: State: Zip:
Contact:
Phone:
Reviewer:
Emission Stream Input Parameters:
* Maximum flow rate (scfm).
* Pressure (mmHg)
* Temperature (degF)
* Heat content (Btu/scf)
* Oxygen content (%).
* Moisture content (%).
Relative humidity (%).
Are halogenated organics present? (Y/N) ,
Are metals present? (Y/N) .
Hazardous Air Pollutant:
Molecular weight (Ib/lb-moie).
* Inlet HAP concentration (ppmv),
Heat of vaporization (Btu/lb-mole),
Design-related Input Parameters:
* Destruction efficiency (%) .
* Combustion temperature (degF) .
* Residence time (sec).
* Is a heat exchanger used? (Y/N) .
* Emission stream temp, after preheat (degF).
* Excess air (%).
* Heating value of supplementary fuel (Btu/scf).
* Reference temperature (degF).
Cost-related Input Parameters:
* Duct cost (198S S/linear ft).
* Length of duct (ft).
* Total pressure drop (in. H2O),
Average equipment life (yr).
* Operator labor requirements (hr/shifl)
* Maintenance labor requirements (hr/shift)
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CAT Analysis for Catalytic Incinerator
Plant:
Name:
Address:
City: State: Zip:
Contact:
Phone:
Reviewer:
Emission Stream Input Parameters:
* Maximum flow rate (scfm).
Pressure (mmHg).
* Temperature (degF).
* Heat content (Btu/scO •
* Oxygen content (%) .
* Moisture content (%).
Relative humidity (%).
Are halogenated organics present? (Y/N) .
Are metals present? CY/N).
Hazardous Air Pollutant:
Molecular weight (Ib/lb-mole).
* Inlet HAP concentration (ppmv).
Heat of vaporization (Btu/lb-mole).
Design-related Input Parameters:
* Destruction efficiency (%).
* Is a heat exchanger used? (Y/N).
* Emission stream temp, after preheat (degF).
* Temp, of gas from the bed (degF).
* Temp, of combined gas entering the bed (degF).
* Space velocity (per hr).
* Excess air (%).
* Heating value of supplementary fuel (Btu/scO .
* Reference temperature (degF).
* Min. temp, of stream for adequate rxn. (degF).
* Mm. temp, of gas from the catalyst bed (degF),
* Max. temp, of gas from the catalyst bed (degF).
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Cost-related Input Parameters:
* Duct cost (198S $/linear ft).
* Length of duct (ft).
* Total pressure drop (in. H2O).
* Average equipment life (yr).
* Operator labor requirements (hr/shift),
Maintenance labor requirements (hr/shift).
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CAT Analysis for Flare
Plant:
Name:
Address:
City: State: Zip:
Contact:
Phone:
Reviewer:
Emission Stream Input Parameters:
* Maximum flow rate (scfm) .
Pressure (mmHg).
* Temperature (degF).
* Heat content (Btu/scf).
Oxygen content (%).
Moisture content (%).
Relative humidity (%).
Are halogenated organics present? (Y/N).
Are metals present? (Y/N).
Design-related Input Parameters:
* Destruction efficiency (%).
* Flare tip diameter (in).
* Temperature of flare gas (degF).
* Rare gas heat content (Blu/scf).
* Supplementary fuel heat content (Btu/scf).
* Avg. mol. wt. of the stream (Ib/lb-mole).
Cost-related Input Parameters:
* Duct cost (198S S/linear ft).
•Length of duct (ft).
• Total pressure drop (in. H2O).
Average equipment life (yr).
* Operator labor requirements (hr/shift).
* Maintenance labor requirements (hr/shift).
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Tutorial Manual for CAT. Version 1.0 August. 1988
CAT Analysis for Carbon Adsorber
Plant:
Name:
Address:
City: Slate: Zip:
Contact:
Phone:
Reviewer:
Emission Stream Input Parameters:
* Maximum flow rate (scfm).
Pressure (mmHg).
* Temperature (degF).
Heat content (Btu/scf).
Oxygen content (%).
Moisture content (%).
* Relative humidity (%).
Are halogenated organics present? (Y/N).
Are metals present? (Y/N) .
Hazardous Air Pollutant:
Molecular weight (Ib/lb-mole).
* Inlet HAP concentration (ppmv).
Heat of vaporization (Btu/lb-mole) .
Design-related Input Parameters:
* Removal efficiency (%) .
* Adsorptive capacity (lb HAP/100 Ib carbon).
•Number of beds.
* Cycle time for adsorption (hr).
* Cycle time for regeneration (hr).
* Stream velocity through the bed (ft/min).
* Steam ratio (lb steam/lb carbon).
* Steam inlet temperature (degF).
* Condensed steam outlet temperature (degF).
* Cooling water inlet temperature (degF).
* Cooling water outlet temperature (degF).
* Carbon bed density (lb/ft3).
* Cycle time for drying and cooling (hr),
* Latent heat of vaporization (Btu/lb).
* Average specific heat of water (Btu/lb-degF)
* Overall heat trans, coeff. (Btu/hr-ft2-degF).
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August, 1988
Cost-related Input Parameters:
* Value of recovered product (198S S/lb).
* Duct cost (198S S/linear ft).
* Stack capital cost (1985 S).
Length of duct (ft).
* Total pressure drop (in. H2O).
Average equipment life (yr).
* Operator labor requirements (hr/shift),
Maintenance labor requirements (hr/shift),
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August, 1988
CAT Analysis for Packed Column Scrubber
Plant:
Name:
Address:
City: State: Zip:
Contact:
Phone:
Reviewer:
Emission Stream Input Parameters:
* Maximum flow rate (scfm) .
Pressure (mmHg) .
* Temperature (degF) .
Heat content (Btu/scf) .
Oxygen content (%) .
Moisture content (%) .
Relative humidity (%) .
Are halogenated organics present? (Y/N) .
Are metals present? (Y/N) .
Hazardous Air Pollutant:
Molecular weight (ib/Ib-mole) .
* Inlet HAP concentration (ppmv) ,
Heat of vaporization (Btu/lb-mole) .
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Tutorial Manual for CAT. Version 1.0 August, 1988
Design-related Input Parameters:
*
* Removal efficiency (%) . .
What solvent is used? .
Slope of the equilibrium curve .
* Absorption factor .
* Schmidt number for HAP/emission stream .
* Schmidt number for HAP/solvent .
* Density of the emission stream (lb/ft3) . .
* Density of the solvent (lb/fl3) . .
Avg. mol. wt. of the stream (Ib/lb-mole) .
* Mol. wt. of the solvent (Ib/lb-mole) .
* Solvent viscosity (cenupoise) .
* Packing material .
* Packing constant a .
* Packing constant b .
* Packing constant c .
* Packing constant d .
* Packing constant epsilon .
* Packing constant Y.
* Packing constant s .
* Packing constant g .
* Packing constant r .
* Fraction flooding velocity .
Cost-related Input Parameters:
* Cost of the packing material (1985 S/ft3) .
* Cost of fans and motors (1985 S) .
Duct cost (1985 S/linear ft) .
* Stack cost (1985 S) .
Length of duct (ft) .
* Total pressure drop (in. H2O) .
Average equipment life (yr) .
* Operator labor requirements (hi/shift) .
* Maintenance labor requirements (hr/shift) .
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August, 1988
CAT Analysis for Condenser
Plant:
Name:
Address:
City: State: Zip:
Contact:
Phone:
Reviewer:
Emission Stream Input Parameters:
* Maximum flow rate (scfm),
* Pressure (mmHg)
* Temperature (degF).
Heat content (Btu/scf).
Oxygen content (%).
* Moisture content (%).
Relative humidity (%).
Are halogenated organics present? (Y/N) .
Are metals present? (Y/N) .
Hazardous Air Pollutant:
Molecular weight (Ib/lb-mole).
* Inlet HAP concentration (ppmv).
Heat of vaporization (Btu/lb-mole).
Design-related Input Parameters:
* Removal efficiency (%) .
* Coolant.
* Inlet coolant temperature (degF).
* Overall heat transf. coeff. (Btu/hr-ft2-degF).
* Avg. specific heat for coolant (Btu/lb-degF).
Cost-related Input Parameters:
* Value of the recovered product (1985 S/lb).
* Total cost of required coolant (198S S).
* Total pressure drop (in. H20).
Average equipment life (yr).
* Operator labor requirements (hr/shift),
* Maintenance labor requirements (hr/shift),
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August, 1988
CAT Analysis for Fabric Filter
Plant:
Name:
Address:
City: State: Zip:
Contact:
Phone:
Reviewer:
Emission Stream Input Parameters:
* Maximum now rate (scfm) .
Pressure (mmHg).
* Temperature (degF).
Moisture content (% volume) .
Paniculate content (grains/scO •
Mean particle diameter (microns),
S03 content (ppmv),
Hazardous Air Pollutant
Molecular weight (Ib/lb-mole).
HAP concentration (% mass).
Heat of vaporization (Btu/lb-mole).
Design-related Input Parameters:
* Filter cleaning method .
* Material type: cotton, wool, etc..
* Air to cloth ratio (ft/min).
* Baghouse configuration.
Cost-related Input Parameters:
* Cost of baghouse (1985 S).
* Cost of cloth (1985 S/gross ft2).
* Cost of fans and motors (1985 $),
* Duct cost (1985 $/linear ft).
* Length of duct (ft).
* Total pressure drop (in. H2O),
Average equipment life (yr).
* Operator labor requirements (hr/shift),
* Maintenance labor requirements (hr/shift)
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August, 1988
CAT Analysis for Venturi Scrubber
Plant:
Name:
Address:
City: State: Zip:
Contact:
Phone:
Reviewer:
Emission Stream Input Parameters:
* Maximum flow rate (scfm).
Pressure (mmHg).
* Temperature (degF).
Moisture content (% volume),
Paniculate content (grains/scf)
Mean particle diameter (microns)
SO3 content (ppmv)
Hazardous Air Pollutant:
Molecular weight (Ib/lb-mole).
HAP concentration (% mass).
Heat of vaporization (Btu/lb-mole).
Design-related Input Parameters:
" Control efficiency (%).
* Total pressure drop (in. H2O) .
Cost-related Input Parameters:
* Cost of fans and motors (1985 S).
* Duct cost (1985 $/linear ft).
Length of duct (ft).
Average equipment life (yr).
* Operator labor requirements (hr/shift),
* Maintenance labor requirements (hr/shift),
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August. 1988
APPENDIX C - NOMENCLATURE
English units are used throughout this appendix. Metric conversion factors may be found in Appendix D.
a = packing constant
A = heat exchanger surface area, ft2
A^ = carbon bed cross sectional area, ft2
Acolunm = absorber column cross sectional area, ft2
\ea> = condenser surface area, ft2
A^ = net cloth area, ft2
Ap = collection plate area, ft2
A, = vemuri scrubber throat area, ft2
AB = total cloth area, ft2
ABS = abscissa
AC = adsorption capacity of carbon bed, Ib HAP/100 Ib carbon
A/C = air to cloth ratio for baghouse, acfm/ft2
AF = absorption factor
b = packing constant
c = packing constant
C = annual credits, S/yr
C^ = amount of carbon required, Ib
Cp^ = average specific heat of air, Btu/scf-degF
Cp^, = average specific heat of air, Btu/lb-mole-degF
Cpcom = average specific heat of combined gas stream, Btu/scf-degF
C-Peooimi = average specific heat of coolant, Btu/lb-degF
Cpe = average specific heat of emission stream, Btu/scf-degF
£pB = average specific heat of emission stream, Btu/lb-degF
Qpt = average specific heat of suppfementary fuel (natural gas), Btu/lb-degF
Cpfg = average specific heat of flue gas, Btu/scf-degF
Cpn§ = average specific heat of flare gas, Btu/lb-degF
Cpw = average specific heat of water, Btu/lb-degF
C-PHAP = average specific heat of HAP, Btu/lb-mole-degF
CE = collection efficiency (based on mass), %
CRF = capital recovery factor
CRFw = weighted average capital recovery factor
d = packing constant
D = annual direct labor costs, S/yr
DM = carbon bed diameter, ft
Duiom = absorber column diameter, ft
Dduet = duct diameter, in.
Dp = mean particle diameter, microns
D, = venturi scrubber throat diameter, ft
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D = flare tip diameter, in.
D0 = diffusivity in gas stream, ft2/hr
DL = diffusivity in liquid, ft2/hr
D, = annual operating labor cost, S/yr
D2 = annual supervision labor cost, S/yr
DE = destruction efficiency. %
DEupontd = reported destruction efficiency, %
DP = stream dew point, degF
ex = excess air. % (volume)
f = fraction
FE = fabricated equipment cost index
PER = fan electricity requirement, kWh
g = packing constant
gc = gravitational constant, = 32.2 ft/sec2
G = gas (emission stream) flow rate, Ib/hr
G^ = gas (emission stream) flow rate based on column cross sectional area, lb/sec-ft2
G^ f = gas (emission stream) flow rate at flooding conditions based on column cross sectional
area, lb/sec-ft2
G^ = gas (emission stream) flow rate, Ib-mole/hr
hd = heat content of emission stream after dilution, Btu/scf
ho = heat content of emission stream, Btu/scf
hr = lower heating value of supplementary fuel (natural gas), Btu/scf
hflf = flare gas heat content, Btu/scf
AH = heat of vaporization of HAP, Btu/lb-mole
H^, = enthalpy change associated with condensed HAP, Btu/min
Hf = supplementary heat requirement (heat supplied by the supplementary fuel), Btu/min
= condenser heat load, Btu/hr
= enthalpy change associated with noncondensible vapors, Btu/min
= enthalpy change associated with uncondensed HAP, Btu/min
H0 = height of a gas transfer unit, ft
HI = height of a liquid transfer unit, ft
= height of a gas transfer unit (based on overall gas film coefficients), ft
= absorber column packed height, ft
= absorber column total height, ft
= quantity of HAP condensed, Ib-mole/min
HAP. = inlet HAP concentration, ppmv
HAPefli = quantity of HAP in the emission stream entering the condenser, Ib-mole/min
HAPo = outlet HAP concentration, ppmv
HAPom = quantity of HAP in the emission stream exiting the condenser, Ib-mole/min
HP = fan power requirement, hp (horsepower)
HR = heat recovery in the heat exchanger, %
HRS = number of hours of operation per year
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August. 1988
L = solvent flow rate. Ib/hr
L" = solvent How rate based on absorber column cross sectional area, lb/hr-ft2
L,,, = solvent flow rate, gal/min
L^, = solvent flow rate, Ib-mole/hr
Ly = liquid flow rate in venturi scrubber, gal/min
LvAJe4 = liquid to gas ratio, gal/103 acf
LEL = lower explosive limit, % (volume)
m = slope of the equilibrium curve
M = annual maintenance costs, $/yr
Ma = moisture content of emission stream, % (volume)
M, = annual maintenance labor cost, S/yr
Mj = annual maintenance supervision cost, S/yr
M, = annual maintenance materials cost. S/yr
MW|V| = average molecular weight of a mixture of components, Ib/lb-mole
MW, = average molecular weight of a emission stream, Ib/lb-mole
MWB§ = average molecular weight of a flare gas, Ib/lb-mole
MW.oi.cm = molecular weight of solvent, Ib/lb-mole
MW>up = molecular weight of HAP (average molecular weight if a mixture of HAPs is present),
Ib/lb-mole
N = number of carbon beds
NQQ = number of gas transfer units (based on overall gas film coefficients)
O2 = oxygen content of emission stream, % (volume)
ORD = ordinate
AP = loud pressure drop for the control system, in. H20
APt = absorber column pressure drop, Ib/ft2-ft
P. = emission stream pressure, mmHg
Pfmit = partial pressure of HAP in emission stream. mmHg
Pyipar = vapor pressure of HAP in emission stream, mmHg
AP,^ = absorber column total pressure drop, in. H2O
APv = pressure drop across venturi, in. H2O
PC = purchased equipment cost. S
Q. = how rate of gas stream at actual conditions, acfm
Q. = combustion air flow rate, scfm
Qeom = flow rate of combined gas stream entering the catalyst bed. scfm
= coolant flow rate, Ib/hr
= cooling water flow rate. Ib/min
Qe^ = emission stream flow rate at actual conditions, acfm
Q., = saturated emission stream flow rate, acfm
Qr = supplementary fuel (natural gas) flow rate, scfm
Q% = flue gas flow rate, scfm
Qffci = flue gas flow rate at actual conditions, acfm
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Tutorial Manual for CAT. Version 1.0 August. 1988
QB| = flare gas flow rate, scfm
QBfct = flare gas flow rate at actual conditions, acfm
Qm = quantity of HAP recovered, Ib/hr
Q( = steam flow rate. Ib/min
Qw = cooling water flow rate, gal/min
r = packing constant
R = gas constant = 0.73 ft3-atm/lb-mole degR; = 1.987 cal/g-mole K
Rtm = relative humidity, %
Ref = refrigeration capacity, tons
RE = removal efficiency, %
R^pmd = reported removal efficiency, %
s = packing constant
S = annual cost of operating supplies, S/yr
ScG = Schmidt number for HAP/emission stream
ScL = Schmidt number for HAP/solvent system
St = steam ratio, Ib steam/lb carbon
SV = space velocity, hr1
tc = cleaning interval, min
t, = residence time, sec
T = temperature. degF
Te = combustion temperature, degF
Tu = temperature of combined gas stream entering the catalyst bed, degF
T^ = temperature of flue gas leaving the catalyst bed, degF
T^ = condensation temperature, degF
T^j = inlet temperature of coolant, degF
T^^ = outlet temperature of coolant, degF
Te = emission stream temperature, degF
TM = temperature of saturated emission stream, degF
TQ( = flare gas temperature. degF
Tta = emission stream temperature after heat exchanger, degF
T, = reference temperature, = 70 degF
Tra = inlet steam temperature, degF
T^ = condensed steam outlet temperature, degF
T., = inlet cooling water temperature, degF
Two = outlet cooling water temperature, degF
AT^ = logarithmic mean temperature difference. degF
Theoiunm = absorber column thickness, ft
U = overall heat transfer coefficient, Btu/hr-ft2-degF
Ud = drift velocity of particles, ft/sec
Udua = velocity of gas stream in the duct, ft/min
Ue = emission stream velocity through carbon bed, ft/min
Utf = throat velocity of saturated emission stream, ft/sec
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August, 1988
Ua§ = flare gas exit velocity, ft/sec
Umi = maximum flare gas velocity, ft/sec
Ut = annual utility costs, $/yr
Vc = combustion chamber volume, ft3
V^^ = volume of carbon bed, ft3
V,^ = catalyst bed requirement, ft3
Vpitting = absorber column packing volume, ft3
W = particle grain loading, gr/acf
Wt»imni = absorber column weight, Ib
\_ = mole fraction of solute in solvent, moles solute/(moles solute + moles solvent)
X = mole fraction of gaseous component in liquid, moles solute/moles solvent
y = mole fraction of solute in air, moles solute/(moles solute + moles air)
Y = packing constant
Y = mole fraction of solute in air, moles solute/moles air
Z^ = carbon bed depth, ft
e = packing constant
X = latent heat of vaporization for steam, Btu/lb
T| = fan efficiency, %
Pbej = density of carbon bed, lb/ft3
pc = density of carbon steel plate, lb/ft3
PC = density of gas (emission stream), lb/ft3
pL = density of solvent, lb/ft3
8ld, = cycle time for adsorption, hr
6reg = cycle time for regeneration, hr
^dry-cool = cyc'e t'me f°r drying and cooling the bed, hr
HL = viscosity of solvent, centipoise
UL" = viscosity of solvent. Ib/ft-hr
.60
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Tutorial Manual for CAT, Version 1.0 August, 1988
APPENDIX D • ABBREVIATIONS AND CONVERSION FACTORS
EPA policy is to express all measurements used in Agency documents in metric units. Listed below are the
International System of Units (SI) abbreviations and conversion factors.
To convert from
Cubic meter (m3)
Cubic meter (m3)
Cubic meter (m3)
Cubic meter/second (m3/s)
Degree Celsius (degQ
Joule (J)
Joule (J)
Kilogram (kg)
Meter (m)
Meter (m)
Pascal (Pa)
Pascal (Pa)
Watt (W)
To Multiply by
Barrel (oil) (bbl) 6.290
Cubic feet (ft3) 3.531 X 101
Gallon (U.S. liquid) (gal) 2.643 X 102
Gallon (U.S. liquid)/min (gpm) 1.585 X 104
Degree Fahrenheit (degF) (degC X 9/5)
British thermal unit (Btu) 9.480 X 10~4
Watt-hour (Wh) 2.778 X Ifr4
Pound-mass (Ib) 2.205
Feet (ft) 3.28
Inch (in.) 3.937 X 101
Atmosphere (760 mmHg) 9.870 X 10'6
Pound-force/inch2 (psi) 1.450 X 10'4
Horsepower (electric) (hp) 1.340 X 10'3
Standard Conditions
68 degF = 20 degC
1 atmosphere = 101,325 Pascals
61
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TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO.
EPA-600/8-88-092
3.
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Tutorial Manual for CAT (Controlling Air Toxics),
Version 1.0
5. REPORT DATE
August 1988
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7. AUTHOR(S)
Gunseli Sagun Shareef. M. Tim Johnston, Eric P.
Epner, and David Ocamb
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Radian Corporation
P. O. Box 13000
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
68^02-3994 and
68-02-4286
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
EPA, Office of Research and Development*
Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
User's manual; 6/87 - 3/88
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
EPA/600/13
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES AEERL project officer is Sharon L. Nolen, Mail Drop 61, 919/541
7607. (*)Cosponsored by New Jersey State Department of Environmental Protection,
401 E. State St. ,. Trenton. NJ 08625 (Project officer Tom Micai).
' '" 5 ACTThe manual gives instructions for using Controlling Air Toxics (CAT),
a computerized advisory system that can be used to control air toxics. The primary
objective of this interactive and user-friendly software package is to assist in the
review of air emission permit applications. The engineering software is based on
the EPA document. Control Technologies for Hazardous Air Pollutants, EPA/625/6
86/014, September 1986. The software is written for the IBM PC using Microsoft
V3.0 C compiler and Windows for Data Library VI.0 for screen and keyboard inter-
action. The permit reviewer can input information on the air emission stream char-
acteristics as well as other information in the permit application. The program pro
vides guidance on which control devices may be appropriate and allows the reviewer
to select a specific pollutant/control device combination for evaluation. The control
devices included in this program are thermal and catalytic incinerators, flares,
carbon adsorbers, absorbers, condensers, fabric filters, and venturi scrubbers.
The program then calculates design parameters and estimates costs for each con-
trol device selected. The results can be compared against the permit applicant's
actual or proposed design. A report generator is also included in the program.
17.
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
b.lDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
c. COSATl Field/Croup
Pollution Catalysis
Computer Programs
Toxicity Flares
Emission Scrubbers
Licenses
Incinerators
Pollution Control
Stationary Sources
Controlling Air Toxics
Hazardous Air Pollu-
tants
Fabric Filters
13B
09B
06T
14G
05D
07D
19A
07A.13I
19. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
Release to Public
19. SECURITY CLASS (This Report)
Unclassified
21. NO. OF PAGES
20. SECURITY CLASS (Thispage)
Unclassified
22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73)
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