United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Region 5
77 West Jackson Boulevard
Chicago, Illinois 60604
EPA905-R-94-013
May 1994
&EPA
Superfund: Progress at
National Priorities List Sites
Illinois 1994 Update
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May 1994
NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST SITES:
ILLINOIS
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF SUPERFUND
WASTE MANAGMENT DIVISION
REGION 5
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60604
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
A Brief Overview of Superfund
Streamlining Superfund: The Superfund Accelerated Cleanup Model
How Superfund Works
THE VOLUME
How to use the State Book
A SUMMARY OF THE STATE PROGRAM
THE NPL FACT SHEETS
THE GLOSSARY
Terms used in the NPL Book
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INTRODUCTION
A BRIEF OVERVIEW OF SUPERFUND
During the second half of the Twentieth
Century, the environmental conse-
quences of more than I DO years of industrial-
ization in the United States became increas-
ingly clear. Authors such as Rachel Carson
wrote passionately about the often-hidden en-
vironmental effects of our modern society's
widespread use of chemicals and other haz-
ardous materials. Their audience was small at
r'irst. but gradually their message spread.
Growing concern turned to action, as people
learned more about the environment and be-
^an to act on their knowledge
The 1970s saw environmental issues burst
onto the national scene and take hold in the
national consciousness. The first Earth Day
was observed in 1970, the year that the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was
founded. By the end of the 1970s. Love Canal
in New York and the Valley of the Drums in
Kentucky had entered the popular lexicon as
synonyms for pollution and environmental
degradation.
Superfund Is Established
The industrialization that gave Americans the
world's highest standard of living also created
problems that only a national program could
address. By 19X0, the U.S. Congress had
passed numerous environmental laws, imple-
mented by the EPA. but many serious hazard-
ous waste problems were slipping through the
cracks.
Responding to growing concern about public-
health and environmental threats from uncon-
trolled releases of hazardous materials, the
U.S. Congress passed the Comprehensive En-
vironmental Response. Compensation, and
Liability Act (CERCLA). Popularly known as
Superfund, CERCLA had one seemingly
simple job—to uncover and clean up hazard-
ous materials spills and contaminated sites.
A Big Job
Few in Congress, the EPA. the environmen-
tal community, or the general public knew in
19X0 just how big the nation's hazardous ma-
terials problem is. Almost everyone thought
that Superfund would be a short-lived pro-
gram requiring relatively few resources to
clean up at most a few hundred sites. They
were quite mistaken.
As the EPA set to work finding sites and
gauging their potential to harm people and
the environment, the number of sites grew.
Each discovery seemed to lead to another.
and today almost 36,000 hazardous waste
sites have been investigated as potential haz-
ardous waste sites. They are catalogued in
the EPA's computerized database. CERCLIS
(for the Comprehensive Environmental Re-
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INTRODUCTION
sponse, Compensation, and Liability
Information System).
The damage to public health and the
environment that each site in
CERCLIS might cause is evaluated;
many sites have been referred to
State and local governments for
cleanup. The EPA lists the
nation's most serious hazardous
waste sites on the National
Priorities List, or NPL. (These
Superfund sites are eligible for
federally-funded cleanup, but
whenever possible the EPA makes
polluters pay for the contamination
they helped create.) The NPL now
numbers 1,275 sites, with 50 to 100
added each year. By the end of the
century, the NPL may reach as many
as 2000 sites.
Superfund faces some of the most
complex pollution problems ever
encountered by an environmental
program. Improperly stored or
disposed chemicals and the soil
they contaminate are one concern.
More difficult to correct are the
wetlands and bays, and the
groundwater, lakes, and rivers
often used for drinking water that
are contaminated by chemicals
spreading through the soil or
mixing with storm water runoff.
Toxic vapors contaminate the air at
some sites, threatening the health
of people living and working near
by.
Superfund aims to control immediate
public health and environmental
threats by tackling the worst
problems at the worst sites first.
Wherever possible, Superfund
officials use innovative treatment
techniques many developed or
refined by the EPA to correct
hazardous materials problems once
and for all. Many of the treatment
techniques they use did not exist
when the program was created.
The EPA Administrator had
challenged Superfund to complete
construction necessary for cleanup
work at 200 NPL sites by the end of
the 1992 federal fiscal year. By
September 30, 1992, the end of
fiscal year 1992, construction had
been completed at a total of 149
NPL sites. By September 30, 1993,
the end of fiscal year 1993,
construction had been completed at
217 sites, well in excess of the
Administrator's target of 200. The
Superfund program now projects
completing construction at over 650
sites by the year 2000.
Quick Cleanup at NON-NPL Sites
Long-standing hazardous waste sites
are not Superfund's only concern.
The EPA also responds to hazardous
spillsand other emergencies,
hauling away chemicals for proper
treatment or disposal. Superfund
teams perform 'or supervise
responses at rail and motor vehicle
accidents, fires, and other
emergencies involving hazardous
substances. They also evacuate
people living and working near by,
if necessary, and provide clean
drinking water to people whose own
water is contaminated. Removal
crews also post warning signs and
take other precautions to keep
people and animals away from
hazardous substances.
Quick Cleanups, or Removals are not
limited to emergencies. When
cleanup crews at contaminated sites
find hazardous substances that
immediately threaten people or the
environment, they act right away to
reduce the threat or to remove the
chemicals outright. As the EPA
implements the Superfund
Accelerated Cleanup Model (SACM),
more and more sites will undergo
quick cleanups, and many of these
will be cleaned up completely •
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INTRODUCTION
without ever being included on the
NPL. (See "Streamlining Superfund
Accelerated Cleanup Model.")
Some of Superfund's most
significant gains in public health
and environmental protection have
been won by the removal program.
As of October 1, 1993, the
Emergency Response Program in
Region V has lost approximately 500
removal completions since Superfund
was established.
Public Participation
Superfund is unique among federal
programs in its commitment to
citizen participation. Although
the EPA is responsible for
determining how dangerous a site is
and how best to clean it up, the
Agency relies on citizen input as
it makes these decisions.
Probably, the most important
component of any NPL site is public
participation. Community
Involvement has played a
significant role in the development
of cleanup activities at a site.
Although most proposals for cleanup
activities are brought forth by the
agency, it is usually the citizen's
input that gives the "stamp of
approval" on the cleanup plan.
Residents also comment on EPA
cleanup plans by stating their
concerns and preferences at public
meetings and other forums and in
formal written comments to Agency
proposals. The EPA takes and
concerns seriously, and has
modified many proposals in response
to local concerns. For ultimately,
it is the community and its
citizens that will live with the
results of the EPA's decisions and
actions; it is only fair that
citizens participate in the
process.
A Commitment to Communication
The Superfund program is very
serious about public outreach and
communication. Community relations
coordinators are assigned to each
NPL site to help the public
understand the potential hazards
present, as well as, the cleanup
alternatives. Local information
repositories, such as libraries or
other public buildings, have been
established near each NPL site to
ensure that the public has an
opportunity to review all relevant
information and the proposed
cleanup plans. The individual
State volumes contain summary fact
sheets on NPL sites in each State
and territory. Together, the fact
sheets provide a concise report on
site conditions and the progress
made toward site cleanups as of May
1994. The EPA revises these
volumes periodically to provide and
up-to-date record of program
activities. A glossary of terms
relating to hazardous waste
management and Superfund site
cleanup is provided at the back of
this book.
super fund, is, of course, a public
program, and as such it belongs to
evcry°ne ot us.
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INTRODUCTION
STREAMLINING SUPERFUND: THE SUPERFUND
ACCELERATED CLEANUP MODEL
Historically, critics and
supporters alike have measured
Superfund's progress by the number
of hazardous waste sites deleted
from the NPL. Although easy enough
to tally, this approach does not
recognize the breadth of risk
reduction attained by Superfund.
First, it doesn't account for the
early remedial actions conducted at
the nations worst hazardous waste
sites, which occurs well before
site deletion. Second, it ignores
the significant contribution to
reducing risks to human health and
the environment by the Removal
Program.
In renewing Superfund's commitment
to quick and early response
actions, EPA has undertaken an
initiative to streamline the
Superfund program. The Superfund
Accelerated Cleanup Model (SACM)
emphasizes the conduct of early
actions, such as drum removal and
source control, while long-term
actions, such as groundwater
contamination are appropriately
studied. In addition, SACM
envisions an integrated site
assessment process whereby the
different Superfund assessments are
integrated into a single process.
Integrated assessments will reduce
the time and resources required to
evaluate a site and assess its
threats to human health and the
environment. This way, immediate
public health and environmental
threats will be addressed while
long-term cleanups are being
planned.
Emergencies such as train
derailments and motor vehicle
accidents will continue to be
handled expeditiously. Teams of
highly trained technicians will
swing into action right away,
coordinating the cleanup and
removal of hazardous substances to
ensure public safety as quickly as
possible.
BREAKING WITH TRADITION
The traditional Superfund process
begins with a lengthy phase of
study and site assessment, but SACM
will save time by combing separate,
yet similar, activities.
Each EPA Region will form a
Regional Decision Team (RDT)
composed of program managers from
the Removal and Remedial program,
the Office of Regional Counsel,
Office of Public Affairs,
Environmental Science Division, and
the States. The RDT will be
responsible for making decisions on
sites based on recommendations by
Site Assessment Teams (SATs). The
SATs are comprised of an RPM, OSC,
SAM, staff attorney, State
representative, and community
relations coordinator. Other
experts such as ecologist and
toxicologists are brought in on the
SATs on an as needed basis. SATs
develop site specific strategies
potentially utilizing Removal (i.e.
early action) and/or Remedial (i.e.
long-term action) statutory
authorities.
In many instances, SATs will
recommend to the RDT the initiation
of a -study for a long-term action
while work begins on an early
action to eliminate an immediate
threat to public health and the
environment.
Early Actions include taking
precautions to keep contaminants
from moving off the site and
restricting access to the site.
Early Actions can eliminate most,
if not all, risk associated with a
Superfund site. Consequently,
early public involvement is
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INTRODUCTION
BREAKING WITH TRADITION
cont'
participation during the site
assessment process and Early
Actions.
LONG-TERM SOLUTIONS
While Early Actions can correct
many hazardous waste problems and
provide the bulk of public health
and environmental protection some
contamination will take longer to
correct. Cleanups of mining sites,
wetlands, estuaries, and projects
involving incineration of
contaminants or restoration of
ground water can take far longer
than the three to five years
envisioned for Early Actions.
Under the SACM paradigm, the
conduct of the long-term cleanup
action will be similar to the
present process.
Also under SACM, the EPA will
continue its pursuit of potentially
responsible parties who may have
caused or contributed to site
contamination. Expedited
enforcement and procedures for
negotiating potentially responsible
party settlements will secure their
participation. Superfund personnel
will continue to oversee clean-up
work performed by potentially
responsible parties.
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INTRODUCTION
HOW SUPERFUND WORKS
Each Superfund site presents a different
set of complex problems. The same haz-
ardous materials and chemicals often con-
taminate many sites, but the details of each
site are different Almost always, soil is con-
taminated with one or more chemicals. Their
vapors may taint the air over and around the
site. Contaminants may travel through the soil
and reach underground aquifers which may be
used for drinking water, or they may spread
over the site to contaminate streams, ponds,
and wetlands. The contaminating chemicals
may interact with each other, presenting even
more complicated cleanup problems.
Superfund's cleanup process is arduous and
exacting. It requires the best efforts of hun-
dreds of experts in science and engineering,
public health, administration and manage-
ment, law, and many other fields.
The average NPL site takes from seven to ten
years to work its way through the system,
from discovery to the start of long-term
cleanup. Actual cleanup work can take years,
decades if contaminated groundwater must
be treated. Of course, imminent threats to
public health or the environment are cor-
rected right away.
The diagram to the right presents a simplified
view of the cleanup process. The major steps
in the Superfund process are:
• Site discovery and investigation to iden-
tify contaminants and determine whether
emergency action is required;
• Emergency site work such as removing
contaminants for proper treatment or dis-
posal, and securing the site to keep people
and animals away, if warranted by condi-
tions at the site;
• Site evaluation to determine how people
living and working nearby, and the envi-
ronment, may be exposed to site contami-
nants:
• Detailed studies to determine whether con-
ditions are serious enough to add the site to
the National Priorities List of sites eligible
for federally funded cleanup under Super-
fund;
1 Selection, design, and implementation of a
cleanup plan, after a thorough review of
the most effective cleanup options, given
site conditions, contaminants present, and
their potential threat to public health or the
environment.
Follow-up to ensure that the cleanup work
done at the site continues to be effective
over the long term.
The Superfund Process
From the earliest stages, EPA investigators
work hard to identify those responsible for the
contamination. As their responsibility is es-
tablished, the EPA negotiates with these "re-
sponsible parties" to pay for cleaning up the
problem they helped create. This "enforce-
ment first" policy saves-Superfund Trust Fund
monies for use in cleanups where the respon-
sible parties cannot be identified, or where
they are unable to fund cleanup work.
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THE VOLUME
How to Use the State Book
The sue fac: sheets presented in this book
are comprehensive summaries that cover
a broad range of information. The fact sheets
describe hazardous waste sues on che NPL and
their locations, as well as the conditions
leading to their listing ("Site Description").
The summaries list the types of" contaminants
that have been discovered and related threats
to public and ecological health ('Threats and
Contaminants'"). "Cleanup Approach" pres-
ents an overview or the cleanup activities
completed, underway, or planned. The fact
sheets conclude with a brier synopsis of how
much progress has been made in protecting
public health and the environment. The
summaries also pinpoint other actions, such as
legal efforts to involve polluters responsible
for site contamination and community con-
cerns.
The fact sheets are arranged in alphabetical
order by site name. Because site cleanup is a
dynamic and gradual process, ail site informa-
tion is accurate as of the date shown on the
bottom of each page. Progress always is being
made at NPL sites, and the EPA periodically
will update the site fact sheets to reflect recent
actions and will publish updated State vol-
umes. The following two pages show a ge-
neric fact sheet and briefly describe the infor-
mation under each section.
How Can You Use
This State Book?
You can use this book to keep informed about
the sites that concern you. particularly ones
close to home. The EPA is committed to
involving the public in the decision making
process associated with hazardous waste
cleanup. The Agency solicits input from area
residents in communities affected by Super-
fund sites. Citizens are likely to be affected
not only by hazardous site conditions, but also
by the remedies that combat them. Site clean-
ups take many forms and can affect communi-
ties in different ways. Local traffic may be
rerouted, residents may be relocated, tempo-
rary water supplies may be necessary.
Definitive information on a site can help
citizens sift through alternatives and make
decisions. To make good choices, you must
know what the threats are and how the EPA
intends to clean up the site. You must under-
stand the cleanup alternatives being proposed
for site cleanup and how residents may be
affected by each one. You also need to have
some idea of how your community intends to
use the site in the future, and you need to know
what the community can realistically expect
once the cleanup is complete.
The EPA wants to develop cleanup methods
that meet community needs, but the Agency
only can take local concerns into account if it
understands what they are. Information must
travel both ways in order for cleanups to be
effective and satisfactory. Please take this
opportunity to learn more, become involved,
and assure that hazardous waste cleanup at
•*your" site considers your community's
concerns.
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THE VOLUME
NPL L.3T1NG HISTORY
Provides die dates when the
site was Proposed, made Final.
and Deleted tmm the NPL.
SITE RESPONSIBILITY
Identities ilic Federal. Stale.
and/or pniennaJly responsible
panics taKins: responsihility
for cleanup actions at (lie site.
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROGRESS
Summarizes the actions to
reduce the threats to nearhy
residents and (he surrounding
envimnment and the progress
towards cleaning up die sue.
SITE NAME
STATE
EPA 10* 18COOOOOOO
EPA REGION XX
COUNTY NAME
LOCATION
Threats and Contaminants
Response Action Status
Environmental Progress
Sfte Repository
srrc REPOSITORY
Lists the locauon ot the primary site repository. Tlie site
repository may include community relations plans, public
meeting announcements ami minutes, fact sheets, press
releases, and ntner site-related documents.
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THE VOLUME
SITE DESCRIPTION
This section describes the location and history of the site. It includes descrip-
tions of the most recent activities and past actions at the site that have con-
tributed to the contamination. Population estimates, land usages, and nearby
resources give readers background on the local setting surrounding the site.
THREATS AND CONTAMINANTS
The major chemical categories of site contamination are noted, as well as
which environmental resources are affected. Icons representing each of the
affected resources (may include air. groundwater. surface water, soil, and
contamination to environmentally sensitive areas) are included in the margins
of this section. Potential threats to residents and the surrounding environ-
ments arisinu from the site contamination also are described.
CLEANUP APPROACH
This section contains a brief overview of how the site is being cleaned up.
RESPONSE ACTION STATUS
Specific actions that have been accomplished or will be undertaken to clean
up the site arc described here. Cleanup activities at NPL sites are divided
into separate phases, depending on the complexity and required actions at the
site. Two major types of cleanup activities often are described: initial.
immediate, or emergency actions to quickly remove or reduce imminent
threats to the community and surrounding areas: and long-term remedial
phases directed at final cleanup at the site. Each stage of the cleanup strategy
is presented in this section of the summary. Icons representing the stage of
the cleanup process (initial actions, site investigations. EPA selection of the
cleanup remedy, engineering design phase, cleanup activities underway, and
completed cleanup) are located in the margin next to each activity descrip-
tion.
SITE FACTS
Additional information on activities and events at the site are included in this
section. Often details on legal or administrative actions taken by the EPA to
achieve site cleanup or other facts pertaining to community involvement with
the site cleanup process are reported here.
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A SUMMARY OF THE STATE PROGRAM
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SUPERFUND ACTIVITIES IN ILLINOIS
The State of Illinois is located within EPA Region 5, which includes the six
midwestern States. The State covers 56,345 square miles. According to the
1990 Census, Illinois experienced virtually not change in population between
1980 and 1990, and is ranked sixth in U.S. population with
approximately 11,431,000 residents.
The Illinois Environmental Protection Act of 1970, most recently
amended in 1988, establishes the Hazardous Waste Fund and provides
enforcement authority for site cleanup. The statute grants the
State the authority to compel polluters who are liable for site
contamination to conduct or pay for cleanup activities regardless
of fault, issue notices for information gathering and site access,
take injunctive action, issue civil and criminal penalties collect
damages, recover costs, and place a lien on property as a means
of payment. The State also has the authority under the
Responsible Property Transfer Act of 1988 to require all property
owners to disclose any environmental risk prior to the transfer of real
estate. The Hazardous Waste Fund may be used to fund administration of the
State program, removals, long-term cleanup actions, ground water protection
activities, and the development and implementation of a model pesticide
collection program. The Illinois Hazardous Waste fund allocates money
towards the 10 percent State contribution required by the Federal Superfund
program. No more than one million dollars may be used on any single incident
without specific appropriations from the State legislature. To keep the
public informed, the State assigns a community relations coordinator to a
majority of Superfund sites. Currently, 36 sites in the State of Illinois
have been listed as final on the NPL; one site has been deleted. One new
site was proposed for listing in 1992.
THE ILLINOIS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
implements the Superfund Program in the State of Illinois
Facts about the 38 NPL sites in Illinois
Immediate Actions (such as removing hazardous substances or restricting site
access) were performed at 23 sites.
Nine sites endanger sensitive environments.
Thirty-one sites are located near residential areas,
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II-
ILLINOIS
The potentially Responsible Party Pays...
In the State of Illinois, potentially responsible parties are paying for or
conducting cleanup activities at 26 sites.
For Further Information on NPL Sites and Hazardous Waste
Programs in the State of Illinois Please Contact:
* EPA Region 5 Office of
Public Affairs
* National Response Center
* Illinois Environmental
Protection Agency: The
Division of Land
Pollution Control
* EPA Region 5 Waste
Management Division
* EPA Superfund Hotline
For information concerning
community involvement
To report a hazardous
waste emergency
For information about the
State's responsibility in
the Superfund Program
For information about the
Regional Superfund Program
For information about the
Federal Superfund Program
(312) 353-2072
(800) 424-8802
(217) 782-6760
(312) 353-9419
(800) 424-9068
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A & F MATERIAL
RECLAIMING, IN
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980397079
EPA REGION 5
Cumberland County
Greenup
Site Description
The A & F Material Reclaiming, Inc. site covers nearly 4 acres in Greenup. The facility
began operations in 1977 and processed waste materials including oil, sludge, and caustic and
sulfuric acid into fuel oil and fire retardant chemicals. In 1978, four storage lagoons reached
capacity and began to overflow, contaminating soil and drainage pathways leading to the
Embarras River. Twelve steel storage tanks containing a mixture of waste oils, sludges, spent
caustics and acids, contaminated water, and other waste products also were located on site.
These tanks failed on several occasions, releasing their contents into the surrounding
environment. The facility was closed in 1980. The area surrounding the site is agricultural,
residential, commercial, municipal, and forestland. The county fairgrounds are southwest of
the site and are used year-round for the boarding and care of horses. The Village of Greenup
has a population of approximately 2,000 people. The Embarras River is 1/2 mile away from
the site and is used for fishing and livestock watering.
Site Responsibility: The site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 07/16/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
A remedial investigation conducted while the 1985 surface and soil cleanup was
being done found that the most significant contaminants in the groundwater were
sulfates, high total dissolved solids, trichloroethene, and metals. Following the
cleanup, the only remaining possible health threat may result from accidental
ingestion of the contaminated groundwater.
May 1994
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Cleanup Approach
The site has undergone a number of cleanups resulting in the removal of most of the
contamination. The only remaining known contamination is that in the groundwater. The site
is being addressed with a groundwater monitoring program to make sure that the
contamination in the groundwater will continue to decline to safe levels. Institutional controls
are to be established to make sure that contaminated groundwater is not used for drinking
water.
Environmental Progress
As the result of several short-term removal actions undertaken to secure the site and prevent
the release of the contaminants and the extensive removal action begun in 1985, cleanup of
the site has been completed. A groundwater monitoring program is underway to assure that
the groundwater contamination declines to safe levels.
Site Repository
Greenup City Clerk Office, Greenup Municipal Building, 115 Cumberland Road,
Greenup, IL 62428.
May 1994
A & F MATERIAL RECLAIMING, INC.
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ACME SOLVENT
RECLAIMING, IN
(MORRISTOWN
PLANT)
ILLINOIS
EPAID* ILD05321925*
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Winnebago County
5 miles southeast of Rocktord
The 20-acre Acme Solvent Reclaiming, Inc. (Morristown Plant) site was used as a drum
storage and disposal area for wastes generated by Acme's solvent distillation units. From 1960
to 1972, the site consisted of seven waste disposal lagoons and open storage of 10,000 to
15,000 drums. Although operations at the site temporarily were discontinued in 1969 because
of concern expressed by the Winnebago County Department of Public Health, site operations
resumed in 1971 and continued until 1972. Paints, oils, solvents, and sludges are among the
wastes known to have been deposited at the site. Waste disposal practices consisted of
emptying drums into the lagoons and storing the empty drums at various open areas on the
site. Sludge and other non-recyclable materials were pumped from tanker trucks into the
lagoons. After receiving several reports in 1972, Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
(IEPA) investigators found violations of environmental regulations, including operating a
waste disposal facility without a permit, open burning of refuse, and dumping liquids in a
manner that posed a threat to the groundwater. The State ordered the site cleaned up in
1972. The site was closed in 1973, after State inspections indicated that the majority of drums
were being crushed and buried at the site, and waste in the lagoons was being covered, rather
than removed for off-site disposal. In 1981, methane gas migration into some homes located
between the Acme Solvent site and the nearby Pagel's Pit Landfill site led to well water
testing by the County. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were found in four private
drinking water wells. Approximately 5,500 people live within 3 miles of the site. There are
several surface water bodies in the area surrounding the site, including a small tributary
stream that flows into Killbuck Creek, the Kishwaukee River, and the Rock River. Only the
Rock River is known to be used as a public water supply.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 07/16/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
May 1994
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Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater contains various VOCs. Soil contains VOCs, phthalates,
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and heavy metals including lead and chromium.
People who come in direct contact with or accidentally ingest contaminated
groundwater or soil may be at risk. If contaminants leach from the site into the
nearby stream or creek, wildlife in or around the water may be harmed.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two long-term remedial phases focusing on cleanup of soils and
cleanup of the waste areas, soils, bedrock, and groundwater.
Response Action Status
Soils: In 1985, the EPA selected a remedy to clean up the waste and the soil by
providing an interim alternate water supply to affected residences through the
installation of home carbon treatment units; excavating and incinerating waste
materials and contaminated soils and disposing of them in a federally approved facility;
continuing the investigation into bedrock contamination and its cleanup; and continuing the
investigation of contaminated groundwater and performance of pump tests to evaluate the
effectiveness of controlling the contaminant plume. In 1987, Acme, under EPA monitoring,
installed home carbon treatment units in five residences with contaminated wells. The
residents were provided with free bottled water until the units could be used for drinking
water purposes. In addition, the parties potentially responsible for site contamination
excavated and disposed of approximately 40,000 tons of contaminated materials.
Waste Areas, Soils, Bedrock, and Groundwater: In 1990, the EPA and the
IEPA selected a remedy to clean up and treat the wastes in two waste areas, the
soils, the bedrock, and the groundwater. This remedy includes: excavation of soils
and sludges in two waste areas and treatment by low-temperature air stripping; further
treatment of the residuals, as necessary; incineration of liquids located in two on-site tanks
and disposal of those tanks; provision of a permanent alternate water supply to residents with
contaminated wells; extraction and treatment of contaminated groundwater and discharge of
the treated water to surface water; treatment of the remaining contaminated soils and
bedrock using vapor extraction; consolidation of remaining contaminated soils and covering
these soils and areas where residuals are landfilled on site with a cap; long-term groundwater
monitoring; and fencing the site and providing access restrictions and deed notices or
advisories for residences with contaminated groundwater. Engineering designs began in 1991,
with final cleanup activities ongoing.
Site Facts: In 1986, the potentially responsible parties entered into a Consent Order with
the EPA to study and develop cleanup alternatives for the site.
May 1994 ACME SOLVENT RECLAIMING, INC.
(MORRISTOWN PLANT)
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Environmental Progress
The provision of an alternate water supply and disposal of contaminated materials have
reduced the potential for exposure to contaminated materials at the Acme Solvent
Reclamation site while further cleanup activities are being designed.
Site Repository
Rockford Public Library, 215 North Wyman Road, Rockford, IL 61101
ACME SOLVENT RECLAIMING, INC.
(MORRISTOWN PLANT)
May 1994
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ADAMS
QUINCY LAN
2&3
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980607055
EPA REGION 5
Adams County
1/2 mile west of Quincy
Site Description
In 1973 and 1975, the Adams County Quincy Landfills 2 and 3 were licensed to operate as
solid waste disposal sites. Landfill 2 covers nearly 12 acres and Landfill 3, approximately 40
acres. From 1972 to 1978, the Quincy landfills received the majority of the county's waste,
including combustible and hazardous materials. Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
(IEPA) records show that the City of Quincy accepted liquid industrial waste for disposal into
unlined pits until the liquids could be pumped into the covered portions of the site. Wastes
disposed of included solvents, acids, sludges, spent organic solvents used in degreasing,
wastewater treatment sludges from electroplating operations, hydraulic oil, machine coolant,
thinners, acetone, and toluene. An estimated 23,000 drums of hazardous waste were
accepted. Groundwater samples taken by the IEPA in 1985 and 1986 showed contamination
by various volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In 1985 and 1986, the IEPA also sampled two
nearby wells that were found to be contaminated and closed them. Approximately 300 people
obtain drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 08/30/90
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with VOCs and selenium. Leachate seeps from
the surface of the landfill are contaminated with VOCs and polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs). Drinking contaminated groundwater or touching the
contaminated leachate may be potential health threats. The site is not completely
fenced.
May 1994
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: an immediate action and a long-term remedial
phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Action: An alternate water supply was provided to residents near the
site.
Entire Site: In 1987, the parties potentially responsible for the site contamination
began an investigation to determine the nature and extent of contamination and to
identify alternatives for cleanup of the site. A supplemental study is ongoing that is
focusing on additional groundwater and leachate sampling. It wascompleted in late 1992. A
Record of Decision was signed in September 1993, addressing a remedy that includes:
installation of a security fence around the landfill site; leachate collection and treatment;
landfill cap improvements; and groundwater monitoring to assure that contamination doesn't
migrate off-site.
Environmental Progress
Providing an alternate water supply has eliminated the potential of exposure to hazardous
substances in the drinking water and will continue to protect households near the Adams
County Quincy Landfills 2 and 3 until final cleanup activities are completed.
Site Repository
Quincy Public Library, 526 Jersey Street, Quincy, Illinois 62301
May 1994 ADAMS COUNTY QUINCY LANDFILLS 2 & 3
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: An investigation into the extent of groundwater, leachate, and
possible surface water contamination, as well as alternative remedies, is scheduled
to begin in 1994. Following the investigation and the evaluation of results, the
EPA will select the appropriate cleanup technologies.
Environmental Progress
After placing the Amoco Chemicals (Joliet Landfill) site on the NPL, the EPA performed
preliminary evaluations and determined that the site does not pose an imminent threat to the
public or the environment while the investigations leading to the selection of permanent
cleanup remedies are taking place.
Site Repository
Contact the Region 5 Superfund Community Relations Office.
May 1994
AMOCO CHEMICALS (JOLIET LANDFILL)
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BELOIT CORP.
ILLINOIS
EPAID# ILD021440375
EPA REGION 5
Winnebago County
Village of Rockton
Site Description
The 175-acre Beloit Corp. site in Rockton operates as a plant for the manufacture of
paper-making machines and as a research and development facility for designing and
demonstrating paper-making machine technology. The wastewater generated from the
manufacturing process was disposed of in three unlined surface impoundments. These
impoundments have since been taken out of service. The sediment from the bottom of the
impoundments was spread on the ground, as allowed by the State through a permit issued in
1983. Tests by the company in 1985 found volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in on-site
monitoring wells and in nearby private wells. Approximately 15,000 people obtain drinking
water from public and private wells located within 3 miles of the site. The Rock River is less
than 50 feet from the site's surface impoundments.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal, State and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 08/30/90
Threats and Contaminants
Soils, groundwater, and on-site pdnd sediments are contaminated with VOCs.
Potential health threats to people include drinking contaminated groundwater and
pond water, accidental ingestion of contaminated soil and pond sediments, and
coming in direct contact with contaminated groundwater, pond water, pond
sediments, and soils.
May 1994
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase directed at cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The EPA and the State currently are working together on a
groundwater monitoring program in the Winnebago County area. An investigation
that will define the contaminants of concern and will recommend effective
alternatives for final cleanup currently is underway and is planned to be completed in early
1995.
Immediate Actions: The State implemented an interim corrective action adding carbon
treatment systems to affected homes in the Blackhawk Acres Subdivision where the MCL
exceeded 5 ppb for VOC's.
Environmental Progress
Investigations leading to the selection of the final remedies to clean up the Beloit Corp. site
are underway.
Site Repository
Talcott Free Library, 101 East Main Street, Rockton, IL 61072
May 1994
BELOIT CORP.
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BELVIDERE
MUNICIPAL
LANDFILL
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980497663
EPA REGION 5
Boone County
Adjacent to the City of Belvidere
\»V
Site Description
The Belvidere Municipal Landfill site occupies 139 acres, 19 of which were used for a landfill.
The City of Belvidere operated the landfill and received municipal wastes from 1939 to 1973.
Between 1965 and 1973, the site was used to dispose of industrial wastes, sludge from the city
sewage treatment plant, paint and oil sludge, unknown liquid wastes, and other sludges. The
current landfill cover is composed of silt and sand and varies in thickness up to 36 inches. An
area just west of the landfill was found to contain buried drums that were filled with liquids
or sludges. The Kishwaukee River borders the site, and an active gravel pit is adjacent to the
northern portion of the site. West Pond and East Pond lie to the east of the site, and
Spencer Park lies southeast of the site. Approximately 14,000 people live within 3 miles of the
landfill. The site is located 1/2 mile from six residences that use groundwater as a supply for
drinking water. Most of the county is rural; however, Belvidere has an industrial base which
includes the manufacture of cars, furniture, and metal fasteners, in addition to several light
industries.
Site Responsibility:
The site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
panics' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
Remaining site soils contain low levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
including benzene, toluene, and xylenes; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs);
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); nitrite; and heavy metals including chromium.
Surface water contains low levels of VOCs including trichloroethylene (TCE),
nitrate, and heavy metals. None of these contaminants exceeds established Federal
standards. Individuals who came into direct contact with contaminated soil could
have been at risk prior to the completion of cleanup actions. The shallow
groundwater under the site, which was transporting significant levels of
contaminants toward the Kishwaukee River, has been contained through the
ongoing treatment of the contaminated groundwater.
May 1994
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: In 1986, the EPA staged and sampled 110 drums. Workers
crushed and relocated 65 empty drums to a new holding area for disposal, and
contaminated soils were excavated and loaded into boxes. The drums and
contaminated soils were compiled into one waste pile and disposed of at a federally approved
landfill. The EPA solidified liquids with cement and transported them off site for disposal.
Entire Site: In 1988, the EPA chose the following remedies to address
contamination at the site: placing a cap over the landfill; sampling the soil in the
drum disposal area and cleaning up the PCBs; removing highly contaminated soil
off site to be burned, with the remaining lesser-contaminated soils to be capped; installing a
pump and treat system to remove contaminants from groundwater and discharging the
treated water to the City's water treatment plant; monitoring the groundwater in and around
the site; installing an upgraded fence around the landfill; instituting deed restrictions to
control unacceptable activities and construction on site; and installing flood control measures
to prevent erosion of the cap and the contents of the landfill. The EPA approved the
technical designs for the cleanup in 1990, and the potentially responsible parties began site
work. The PCB-contaminated soil was consolidated on the landfill, and the landfill was
capped. A fence was installed around the landfill, and deed restrictions are in place.
Construction of the groundwater extraction system was completed in 1992. Groundwater
treatment will continue as long as established cleanup goals are not met.
Environmental Progress
Construction of a fence around the landfill and wells and a cap over the contaminated soils
have eliminated the possibility of direct contact with the site contaminants. By removing the
contaminated drums and their contents to an approved disposal facility, the EPA reduced the
risk of exposure to hazardous materials at the Belvidere Municipal Landfill site, while
groundwater containment continues.
Site Repository
Ida Public Library, 320 NorthState Road, Belvidere, IL 61008
May 1994 BELVIDERE MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
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BYRON SALVAG
YARD
ILLINOIS
EPAID# ILD010236230
EPA REGION 5
Ogle County
4 miles southwest of Byron
Other Names:
Byron Johnson
Dirk's Farm
Site Description
The Byron Salvage Yard site (the "site") encompasses both the Byron Johnson Salvage Yard
and Dirk's Farm near Byron. During the 1960s and the early 1970s, the site accepted
miscellaneous wastes and debris for disposal, including drums of electroplating wastes, paint
and paint wastes, oil sludges, cutting wheels, solvents, bulk liquid wastes, and scrap metal.
Industrial waste dumping was also common. During periods of heavy rainfall, the former
owner would release ponded hazardous waste, and it was carried off site by the surface water
runoff. Cyanide-containing plating waste was also sprayed onto the roads on the site. In 1976,
the IEPA found cyanide and heavy metals in the soil, surface water, and groundwater.
Approximately 5,000 people live in Byron. The closest residence to the site is approximately
100 yards away. About 50 people live within 1 mile of the site, and all residences used private
wells supplied by groundwater until the IEPA extended a municipal water line to more than
120 homes with contaminated groundwater in 1988 and 1989. A second extension was
completed by U.S. EPA in 1993 to the remaining residences not supplied with municipal
water in the previous extension. The area is rural, and the site is bordered by a forest
preserve, farmlands, and a nuclear power plant.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as
vinyl chloride and trichloroethylene (TCE) and cyanide. Soil is contaminated with
cyanide, toluene, xylene, and heavy metals including antimony. Meyer's Spring
contains cyanide and TCE. The site poses an ecological risk to animals that ingest
or come in direct contact with contaminated soil potentially may suffer adverse
health effects. In addition, groundwater poses a risk to those individual who drink
or come in direct contact with the contaminated water.
May 1994
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in five stages: initial actions and four long-term remedial phases
focusing on cleanup of the soils and drums, installation of home carbon units providing clean
water to residents, cleanup of the groundwater, and cleanup of Dirk's Farm.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: As initial actions in 1984, the EPA constructed a fence to
prohibit access to the site, provided residents with bottled water. In 1988, the
EPA discovered floating contaminants in the groundwater and installed a skimmer
in a pumping well to remove the pollutants.
Soils and Drums: In 1985, the State selected a remedy to clean up the soil and
the buried drums by disposing of all surface and buried drums, excavating and
disposing of highly contaminated soils, and treating soils containing less than 100
parts per million of cyanide with sodium hypochlorite. The State completed all the cleanup
actions for the drums and soil in 1986.
Home Carbon Units/Municipal Water: In 1986, following the installation of
carbon filtration units for 10 houses in the Acorn Road subdivision, the EPA
selected a remedy consisting of installing whole-house carbon filtration systems in
all affected residences, continuing sampling to ensure that the carbon filtration is effective,
installing replacement carbon filters when needed, and disposing of the spent filters at a
federally approved facility. The EPA's action was negated when the IEPA decided to connect
the residents to the Byron municipal water supply.
Groundwater Contamination: In 1989, the EPA selected a remedy to protect
human health and the environment by: (1) extending the Byron municipal water
supply system to approximately 27 additional residences; (2) monitoring surface
water and groundwater on a long-term basis; (3) plugging monitoring wells not selected for
long-term use; and (4) limiting public exposure to groundwater by plugging abandoned
residential wells and requiring hook-ups to the public water supply. The technical design of
these activities was completed in the fall of 1991. Waste materials were removed in 1992 and
the water line extension was completed in 1993. Monitoring activities are now underway and
plugging of wells has been initiated.
Dirk's Farm: During investigations of the salvage yard, the EPA also discovered
Dirk's Farm, adjacent to the site area, to be contaminated. The EPA investigated
this new area thoroughly to determine the extent and type of contamination. Field
work is complete; the investigative report is scheduled to be completed in early 1994. Soon
after, measures to clean up the area will be selected by the EPA.
May 1994 BYRON SALVAGE YARD
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Environmental Progress
The EPA has completed numerous cleanup actions at the Byron Salvage Yard site, including
installing a fence, providing carbon treatment units to homes with wells, extending the water
line, plugging wells, pumping of contaminated groundwater, and removing contaminated
drums and soils. The EPA also has completed a study on the adjacent contaminated area
discovered during investigations of the site. All these actions have reduced the threat of
exposure to hazardous materials on the site while the remaining cleanup activities are taking
place.
Site Repository
Byron Public Library, 109 N. Franklin St., Byron, IL 61010
BYRON SALVAGE YARD
May 1994
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CENTRAL ILLINO
PUBLIC SERVI
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD981781065
EPA REGION 5
Christian County
Taylorville
Other Names:
CIPS
Site Description
The Central Illinois Public Service Co. (CIPS) site is a former coal gasification plant covering
1 acre in Taylorville. The plant was constructed in 1892 and was operated by the Taylorville
Gas and Electric Company until 1912, when it was acquired by CIPS. Operations stopped in
1932, and CIPS sold the property in 1961. The gasification process generated coal tar, which
contains polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PNAs) and other impurities that were
periodically removed and sold or given away for use as road oil, roofing tar, or a pesticide.
When CIPS abandoned the facility, the aboveground structures were demolished; however,
underground tanks containing tar and other equipment remained in place. The tanks were
covered with miscellaneous debris and fill. Contamination at the site was first suspected when
Apple Construction Company, which acquired the site in 1985, excavated a trench for a septic
tank drainage line. Workers noticed strong odors, discoloration of excavated soils, and a dark
viscous material throughout the soil. CIPS was notified of the problem and began an
investigation. In 1986, CIPS confirmed the presence of PNAs and volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) in soils and groundwater. CIPS is monitoring groundwater and surface water, as well
as sediment and fish in the Seaman Estate Pond. Approximately 12,700 people live within a
3-mile radius of the site, and about 4,500 people live within 1 mile. Three municipal water
wells are located 3 miles from the property. These wells serve as an alternate supply for the
City of Taylorville. The main water supply for the city is Lake Taylorville, about 4 miles
southeast of the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
State, and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 08/30/90
May 1994
-------
Threats and Contaminants
The excavated soil and groundwater below site is contaminated with naphthalene,
fluorene other PAHs, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene. Surface water
runoff has transported contaminants off the site. Sediments in a private pond
located downstream from the site are contaminated with PAHs. The risk
assessment concluded that the site, in its current condition, does not present a
short-term hazard to human health. Hypothetical future residential usage of the
groundwater would present an unacceptable health risk. Exposures to surface
water and ingestion of fish from the Seaman Estate Pond may cause a significant
increased cancer risk.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1987, under Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
(IEPA) supervision, CIPS removed 3 underground structures, 9,000 cubic yards of
contaminated on-site soil, and 3,000 cubic yards of off-site soil. The building on
the site also was demolished, and a chain-link fence with a locking gate was installed around
much of the perimeter of the site. In 1987, CIPS also constructed an extension to the water
main to supply water to residents within 1/2 mile of the site, and die ownership of me water
main was transferred to the City of Taylorville.
Entire Site: CIPS completed a thorough investigation of the site under State
supervision in 1992. The final remedial actions were selected in a Record of
Decision (ROD) issued on Sept. 30, 1992. In addition to the immediate actions,
the final remedy includes construction and operation of a groundwater pump and treatment
system to clean-up the groundwater, land use restrictions, and monitoring of groundwater,
surface water, pond sediment, and fish downstream from the site. CIPS initiated work on
design of the pump and treatment system even prior to ROD signature. The final details of
the design are now nearly completed. CIPS initiated construction of the extraction wells in
February 1994. The agreement between CIPS and IEPA for conducting the remedial design
and remedial action was lodged in court in December 1993.
Site Facts: In 1986, the State issued an order to CIPS and Apple Contractors, directing the
companies to thoroughly investigate the site and to remove the buried structures.
May 1994 CENTRAL ILLINOIS PUBLIC SERVICE CO.
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Environmental Progress
The removal of the underground structures, contaminated soils, construction of a fence to
limit site access, the demolition of the contaminated building on the Central Illinois Public
Service Co. site, and extension of the water main have reduced the potential for exposure to
hazardous materials while the studies leading to a final selection of cleanup alternatives are
being conducted.
Site Repository
Taylorville Public Library, 121 W. Vine Street, Taylorville, IL
CENTRAL ILLINOIS PUBLIC SERVICE CO.
May 1994
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CROSS BROTHERS
PAIL RECYCLIN
(PEMBROKE)
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD98079230S
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Kankakee County
Pembroke Township
The 20-acre Cross Brothers Pail Recycling (Pembroke) site, located about 14 miles southeast
of Kankakee, is an abandoned drum and pail reclamation facility. The container reclamation
facility covered 10 acres of the site. From 1961 until 1980, pails and drums were recycled at
the site by burning out the residue using hazardous waste solvents as fuel and then
sandblasting and painting them. Container contents were emptied onto the ground, and the
containers were buried. Soil and groundwater became contaminated during these operations.
Site investigations led to the discovery of over 10,000 mostly empty 5-gallon pails, 10 acres of
contaminated soil, at least 10 covered trenches of unknown wastes, and a plume of
contaminated groundwater leaving the site. A house trailer is occupied and maintained at the
site. There are 3,500 people living within 3 miles of the site. The site is adjacent to properties
that either are pasture land or individual residential lots. The contaminated groundwater
plume has moved to the north and has contaminated two residential water wells. These two
wells have been abandoned and replaced with deeper wells. Local residents use groundwater
as their drinking water supply, and possibly, as a livestock and agriculture water supply. There
are at least 12 privately owned water supply wells within 1/2 mile of the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as
benzene, toluene, and xylenes and heavy metals including lead. Soil is
contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and VOCs. The greatest
health threat to people is through direct exposure to the contaminated
groundwater moving off site into nearby residential, livestock, and agricultural
water supply wells. The potential for contaminated groundwater to migrate exists.
Trespassers also may be at risk by accidentally ingesting, inhaling, or making direct
contact with contaminated soil.
May 1994
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Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: Under advisement by the State, the potentially responsible
parties deepened contaminated wells to provide clean drinking water. As an initial
measure in 1985, a partial fence was placed around the site. Most of the drums,
pails, and contaminated soils, considered to be the sources of groundwater contamination,
were removed from the site. Also in 1985, the EPA selected soil cleanup technologies to
address site contamination, including off-site disposal of surface and buried waste materials
and visibly contaminated soil.
Entire Site: In 1989, the EPA selected cleanup technologies to address site
contamination which include: resampling localized areas of the PCB-contaminated
soil area for eventual removal and incineration; installing a groundwater collection
system to capture the contaminated groundwater plume; treating on-site groundwater;
cleaning soil from an estimated 3 1/2-acre area by flushing with water; and applying a 6-inch
vegetative cover to the remaining site area. A fence surrounding the entire site will be
constructed. Water discharged from groundwater cleanup will be treated and used for the soil
flushing operation. The potentially responsible parties, under EPA monitoring, are preparing
the technical specifications and design for the selected cleanup technologies.
Site Facts: In 1980, the Kankakee County Circuit Court ordered the potentially responsible
parties to discontinue recycling operations and to clean up the site surface. In 1983, the EPA
signed a Cooperative Agreement with the State to conduct an investigation into the nature
and extent of contamination at the site.
Environmental Progress
The affected area wells have been deepened to provide safe drinking water, and most of the
contaminated containers and soils have been removed and disposed of in an approved facility.
The EPA has selected the remedies for the permanent cleanup of the Cross Brothers Pail
Recycling (Pembroke) site, and the actual cleanup activities are scheduled to begin once the
design phase has been completed. Design approved in September of 1993. Remedial action
field activities will begin spring 1994.
Site Repository
Kankakee Public Library, 304 South Indiana Road, Kankakee, IL 60901
Pembroke Township Hall, Central and Main Streets, Hopkins Park, IL 60944
May 1994 CROSS BROTHERS PAIL
RECYCLING (PEMBROKE)
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DUPAGE COUN
LANDFILL/BLA
FOREST P
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980606305
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Dupage County
Warrenville
The Dupage County Landfill/Blackwell Forest Preserve site covers 40 acres within the
1,235-acre Blackwell Forest Preserve. From 1965 to 1970, the Forest Preserve District and
DuPage County operated the landfill, accepting demolition debris, municipal refuse, and
unknown amounts of potentially hazardous waste. When the site was closed, the Forest
Preserve District covered it with a clay cap. Private and public wells within 3 miles of the site
provide drinking water to 44,000 people. The Forest Preserve District continues to monitor
the landfill. A lake close to the landfill has been closed to swimming as a precautionary
measure.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 02/21/90
Threats and Contaminants
In 1984, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were detected in numerous
monitoring wells installed around the site. Because the site was capped after
closure of the landfill, there do not appear to be any potential threats to people
using the site for recreational purposes.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
May 1994
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Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1987, the Forest Preserve District began pumping
leachate from collection manholes. Since the 1970s, over 50 monitoring wells have
been installed around the site.
Entire Site: The Forest Preserve District initiated an investigation in 1989, under
EPA monitoring, to determine the type and extent of contamination at the site
and to identify alternative technologies for the cleanup. The first phase of field
sampling has been completed. The data currently are being evaluated and a draft investigative
report is scheduled for mid-1992. Over 50 residential wells adjacent to the site have been
sampled and results indicate no apparent threat to public health. This investigation is
scheduled for completion in 1993.
Site Facts: In 1989, the Forest Preserve District signed an Administrative Order on Consent
with the EPA and the State, under which the District agreed to perform an investigation into
site contamination.
Environmental Progress
The installation of monitoring wells and removal of leachate from the Dupage County
Landfill/Blaclcwell Forest Preserve site have reduced the potential for exposure to
contaminated materials while cleanup activities are being planned. At the present time,
the Remedial Investigation Report is in the process of being produced.
Site Repository
Warrenville Public Library, 28 West 751 Stafford Place, Warrenville, IL 60555
May 1994 DUPAGE COUNTY LANDFILL/
BLACKWELL FOREST PRESERVE
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GALESBURG/
KOPPERS CO
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD990817991
EPA REGION 5
Knox County
2 miles south of Galesburg
Other Names:
Burlington Northern Rail Yard
Koppers Co./Galesburg
Site Description
The Galesburg/Koppers Co. site covers 105 acres near Galesburg. The Burlington Northern
Railroad Company operated the site as a railroad tie treatment plant from 1907 until 1966. In
1966, the Koppers Company leased the production plant from the railroad and assumed
operation of the facility. Treatment operations consisted of pressure-treating the railroad ties
with a mixture of creosote and coal tar or creosote and fuel oil. The facility treats 600,000 to
800,000 cross ties a year. From 1971 to 1976, pentachlorophenol (PCP) was used in the
treatment process. Key contaminated areas at the site include a slurry pond, a northern and
southern creosote lagoon, a PCP-contaminated lagoon, a waste pile storage area, two
backfilled drainage ditches, and two former wastewater spray fields. Contamination has been
found in soil, groundwater, surface water, and sediment. Between 1966 and 1980, lagoons
were cleaned and closed, used oil was recycled, and the wastewater spray fields were
constructed. Approximately 60,000 residents live in Galesburg. The area near the site is
residential, agricultural, and commercial/industrial. The economy is dependent on livestock
and agricultural products such as hogs, beef cattle, and corn. Brush Creek, an intermittent
stream located adjacent to the site, flows southeast to Lake Bracken, which is about 2 miles
downstream.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
May 1994
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Threats and Contaminants
Air contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs), phenols, and petrochemicals.
VOCs, asbestos, heavy metals, phenols, and PCP are present in the groundwater.
Sediments contain heavy metals, VOCs, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and
pesticides. Soil is contaminated with dioxins, phenol, and polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs). Surface water contains VOCs, asbestos, and heavy metals.
Fish in Lake Bracken are contaminated with PCBs and PAHs. People who come
in direct contact with or accidentally ingest contaminated groundwater, soil, surface
water, or sediments may be at risk. On-site workers and nearby residents
potentially could be exposed to contaminants by inhaling dust. Those who eat
contaminated fish from Lake Bracken may suffer adverse health effects. Wildlife in
and around the lake and Brush Creek also may be harmed by the pollutants.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: interim actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Interim Actions: The PCP lagoon was pumped dry, and the water was treated in
1983. The contaminated soils from the lagoons also were removed and disposed
of off site. Excavated soil from the area around the treatment building is being
stored in piles on site.
Entire Site: In 1989, the State selected a remedy to clean up the site by:
(1) excavating contaminated soil and consolidating it on site and then removing
contaminants with a biological treatment called bioremediation; (2) constructing
shallow groundwater interceptor trenches and deep pumping wells to extract groundwater;
(3) pre-treating the extracted groundwater using an existing wastewater treatment system to
remove contaminants and then discharging the treated water to the Galesburg Sanitary
District treatment works for final treatment; (4) monitoring the groundwater and soil to
ensure the effectiveness of the cleanup; and (5) implementing land use restrictions. Koppers
Company, under State supervision, is designing the technical specifications for the cleanup of
the site. The design phase is scheduled to begin in 1992 and is expected to be completed in
1994, after which the cleanup activities will begin.
May 1994 . GALESBURG/KOPPERS CO.
-------
Environmental Progress
The cleanup and treatment of the soils and water from the PCP-contaminated lagoon on the
Galesburg/Koppers Co. site have reduced the potential for exposure to hazardous materials
on the site while design of the technical specifications and the final cleanup activities are
being planned.
Site Repository
Contact the Region 5 Superfund Community Relations Office at 1-800-621-8431 (within
Region 5) or 312-353-2022.
GALESBURG/KOPPERS CO.
May 1994
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H.O.D. LANDFILL
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980605836
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Lake County
Antioch
Other Names:
CCD Landfill
The H.O.D. Landfill covers 50 acres of an 80-acre parcel of land. Liquid organic and
drummed wastes were disposed of at the landfill from 1963 to 1984, and the site is now
closed. One tanker dumped wastes containing high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
Groundwater downgradient of the site contains zinc, lead, and cadmium. The closest
residence is within 100 feet of the landfill. Approximately 14,300 people live within 3 miles of
the site. Approximately 40 private wells used for domestic water purposes are located within 3
miles of the landfill. Five public water supply wells are in the vicinity, with the closest being
600 feet away; these wells serve approximately 4,600 people. The site is adjacent to a
freshwater wetland. Sequoit Creek also is adjacent to the landfill and flows into a series of
lakes used for recreation.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 09/18/85
Final Date: 02/21/90
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and
heavy metals including cadmium, lead, zinc, and manganese. People who come in
direct contact with or drink contaminated groundwater may potentially be at risk.
If contaminants seep from the site into Sequoit Creek or the wetlands area,
wildlife in or around the water may be harmed.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
May 1994
-------
Response Action Status
Entire Site: An investigation to determine the nature and extent of
contamination at the site currently is underway. Groundwater, soil, sediments,
surface water, and air will be sampled to measure the levels of contamination.
Upon completion of the investigation, scheduled for 1995, measures will be recommended to
clean up the landfill.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that no immediate actions were required at the H.O.D. Landfill site while site
investigations are underway.
Site Repository
Antioch Township Library, 757 Main Street, Antioch, IL 60002
May 1994
H.O.D. LANDFILL
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ILADA ENERGY
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980996789
EPA REGION 5
Alexander County
East Cape Giradeau
Site Description
The 20-acre Ilada Energy Co. site is located in East Cape Giradeau. The Federal government
operated a fuel oil storage/transfer terminal on the site from 1942 until the early or
mid-1950s and placed oil in 17 tanks with a capacity in excess of 11 million gallons. In the late
1950s, the government deeded the site back to its original owner. The site remained vacant
until 1981, when the Ilada Energy Co. purchased and operated it as a waste oil reclamation
facility from 1981 to 1983. As part of its operations, Ilada removed bottom sediment and
water from the waste oil and blended it to obtain the desired heat content. The "cleaned" oil
then was sold to commercial enterprises. The Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
(IEPA) conducted an inspection of the operations and facilities at the site in 1982. During
this visit, IEPA found that Ilada was improperly storing, handling, mixing, and disposing of
waste oils contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Ilada burned the PCB-laden
waste oil in an on-site boiler. Of the 17 tanks on site, 11 contained oil contaminated with
chlorinated organic solvents, metals, and other elemental constituents of PCBs. The IEPA
also observed oily material spilling and leaking onto the ground, under the valves of the
tanks, and in the designated loading and unloading areas. Although the site borders the
Mississippi River, it is protected against floods by a levee that borders the southern edge of
the site. The site is located in a sparsely populated area that is relatively flat. An estimated
500 people obtain drinking water from wells located within 3 miles of the site. Approximately
130 people live within a mile of the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 10/04/89
Threats and Contaminants
On-site groundwater is contaminated with the heavy metals zinc and arsenic.
Liquid oily wastes are contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs),
PCBs, and heavy metals including lead, arsenic, and zinc. On-site surface soils are
contaminated with PCBs and heavy metals. The potential exists for site-related
contaminants to migrate off site into the sole source drinking water supply of the
area residents. Additionally, agricultural lands and the nearby Mississippi River
could be adversely affected by oil wastes and associated contaminants from the
site.
May 1994
-------
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
directed at cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: The IEPA installed six monitoring wells on the site in 1986.
Subsequent sampling of these wells showed that two of them were contaminated
with arsenic. The EPA ordered the potentially responsible parties to remove the
PCB-contaminated waste oil tanks and to decontaminate the tanks, associated piping, and
on-site structures. Cleanup activities were started in 1989. All tanks and their contents, as
well as visibly contaminated soils, have been removed from the site. Access to the site is
restricted by a fence surrounding the site. Both of the site's access gates have been padlocked
and posted with warning signs by the EPA, and the site is guarded on a 24-hour basis.
Entire Site: The potentially responsible parties, under monitoring by the EPA,
began a study into the nature and extent of contamination at the site and the most
effective methods of addressing this contamination.
Site Facts: The EPA filed a complaint against the Ilada Energy Co. in 1983 for PCB
violations under the Toxic Substances Control Act. The company signed a Consent Decree
with the EPA to clean up the site, but abandoned the site before taking any action. In 1989,
the potentially responsible parties signed a Consent Order with the EPA to perform the
investigation into the nature and extent of contamination at the site. Also in 1989, the parties
signed a Unilateral Administrative Order with the EPA to conduct the removal actions
necessary at the site.
Environmental Progress
By constructing a fence and posting a 24-hour guard at the Ilada Energy Co. site, the
potential for people to be exposed to hazardous materials has been greatly reduced. The
removal of contaminated tanks and their contents and some contaminated soils has been
completed and further studies leading to solutions for permanent cleanup of the entire site
are taking place. Surficial flooding by excessive rainfall in 1993 delayed the investigation.
Some additional groundwater investigatory work is scheduled in 1994.
May 1994 ILADA ENERGY CO.
-------
Site Repository
Cape Girardeau Public Library, 711 North Clark Road, Cape Girardeau, MO 63701
ILADA ENERGY CO. . May 1994
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INTERSTATE
POLLUTION
CONTROL,
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILT180011975
EPA REGION 5
Winnebago County
Rockford
Other Names:
Roto-Rooter Service, Inc.
Site Description
The Interstate Pollution Control site is 2 to 4 acres in size and is located in a heavily
industrialized section of Rockford. Interstate Pollution Control, a division of Roto-Rooter
Service, Inc., operated a hazardous waste storage facility at the site from 1974 until 1982.
Activities performed by Interstate Pollution Control included hauling, and sometimes storing,
waste oils, solvents, and cyanide-containing plating wastes from at least 30 to 40 local
industries. Most recent activities at the site include reclaiming or "cleaning" waste oil for
resale. Both the Illinois and U.S. Environmental Protection Agencies have documented a
history of poor operating practices at the site, including using unlined surface impoundments
and leaking storage tanks and drums. Due to pressure from these two agencies, Interstate
Pollution Control removed leaking drums and contaminated soils from the site. The EPA
detected various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in off-site wells located downgradient of
the site in 1986.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
Off-site groundwater, measured in wells downgradient of the site, is contaminated
with VOCs. On-site soil contains heavy metals such as cadmium and copper. Since
parts of the fence surrounding the site are broken, it is possible for trespassers to
come into direct contact with contaminants on site. If site-related contaminants
migrate from the affected off-site wells into the municipal drinking water supply of
the City of Rockford, individuals could be exposed to contaminants when
consuming or coming into direct contact with drinking water.
May 1994
-------
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: The EPA has proposed several initial actions for this site
including: fencing the site, repair of the cap, removal of the substances in the
tanks on the site, and removal of the tanks. These activities began in early 1992.
Entire Site: The State negotiated with some of the potentially responsible parties
to conduct an investigation into the nature and extent of site contamination. This
investigation workplan is currently under review. After all the various alternatives
for cleaning up the site have been studied, the most effective remedies will be chosen.
Environmental Progress
After listing the Interstate Pollution Control, Inc. site on the NPL, the EPA and the State
performed preliminary evaluations and proposed several actions to reduce risks while the
investigations leading to the selection of final remedies are taking place. These initial actions
began in 1992. The site is presently undergoing a Remedial Investigation (RI). The RI will
determine if the groundwater has been contaminated.
Site Repository
Rockford Public Library, 215 North Wyman Road, Rockford, IL 61101
May 1994 INTERSTATE POLLUTION CONTROL, INC.
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JOHNS-MANVILLE
CORP.
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD005443544
EPA REGION 5
Lake County
-jWeukegan, 37 miles north of Chicago
Site Description
The Johns-Manville Corp. site covers 120 acres on a 300-acre parcel of land in Waukegan.
The plant presently produces a wide range of building materials. Since 1922, waste materials
containing primarily asbestos, the heavy metals lead and chrome, and the volatile organic
compound (VOC) xylene have been deposited in a variety of pits. No asbestos or lead
presently is used in the manufacturing process. The active waste disposal pits include the
miscellaneous disposal pit and the collection basin, which receives dredged materials from the
on-site wastewater treatment system and into which non-asbestos-containing wastes are
deposited. Waste materials cover a large portion of the disposal area and form a berm that is
approximately 25 to 30 feet high. The disposal site is located in an industrial area, and the
nearest residential area is about 1/2 mile northwest of the site. The population of Waukegan
is 67,500. Approximately 1,800 day workers and 450 night workers are at the site during a
work day, and about 5,000 people are present in the general area during the day shifts. The
site is bordered by Lake Michigan and Illinois Beach State Park, both of which are used daily
for recreation. Local fishermen use a pier located between the Johns-Manville and
Commonwealth Edison facilities.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
Threats and Contaminants
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
Air sampled in the site vicinity contained asbestos fibers. Groundwater contained
asbestos, arsenic, and several VOCs. Waste materials and sludge were
contaminated with asbestos, heavy metals and VOCs. The most significant threat
to public health prior to cleanup was the inhalation of asbestos fibers. The site was
dusty during dry periods and posed health concerns to the surrounding
communities and to the on-site workers. Asbestos in the waste materials was a
limited public health concern, unless dispersed by wind or water. People who drank
the contaminated groundwater may have suffered adverse health effects.
May 1994
-------
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in one stage: a long-term remedial phase directed at cleanup of
the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The asbestos pit was closed in 1989, and the soil cover was completed
in L990 by the potentially responsible parties. In 1987, the EPA selected a remedy
to clean up the site which included: disposing of the asbestos-containing material
generated from the reconstruction activities in the asbestos disposal pit prior to closure;
monitoring the soil cover, groundwater, surface water, and the air; clearing the debris on the
site; fencing the eastern boundary and posting warning signs; closing a small ditch and the
open area at the miscellaneous disposal pit; and sampling to ensure the effectiveness of the
remedy. All cleanup activities outlined in the remedy have been completed. During cleanup
operations, additional asbestos-contaminated areas were discovered and cleaned up in late
1991. The removal of contaminated source materials addressed the contamination of the
groundwater, surface water and air. Ongoing monitoring will ensure the long-term
effectiveness of the remedy.
Environmental Progress
By sealing off the asbestos pit and covering the surficial asbestos-containing material to
reduce the migration of asbestos fibers into the air and groundwater, the potential for
exposure to hazardous materials at the Johns-Manville site has been eliminated. All clean up
activities have been completed, however, the EPA will continue to monitor the soil cover and
asbestos levels to ensure that they remain protective of human health and the environment.
Site Repository
Waukegan Public Library, 128 North County Road, Waukegan, IL 60085
May 1994
JOHNS-MANVILLE CORP.
-------
JOLIET ARMY
AMMUNITION PLA
(LOAD-ASSEMBLY
PACKING
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# IL021 0090049
EPA REGION 5
Will County
Joliet
Site Description
The Joliet Army Ammunition Plant (Load-Assembly-Packing Area) covers 22 square miles on
an inactive Army munitions installation in Joliet. The installation is divided into two major
functional areas: the Manufacturing Area, which is a separate NPL site, and the
Load-Assembly-Packing Area. From the early 1940s until 1977, high explosive artillery
projectiles, aerial bombs, and a variety of ammunition component items were loaded,
assembled, and packaged at this site. Other activities included testing of ammunition, washout
and renovation of projectiles, and burning and demolition of explosives. Since 1977, the plant
has been maintained in non-operating standby condition by Uniroyal, the contractor/operator.
The main source of wastewater produced by the facility was "pink water" created by the
washout of rejected bombs and from washing the equipment and floors. Approximately 250
people live within 3 miles of the site and depend on groundwater for drinking water. The
nearest residence is less than 1/2 mile away. About 40 water supply wells are used for
drinking water within 3 miles of the plant. The surface water on the site flows into the Des
Plaines and Kankakee Rivers, and Kemery Lake is within the site area. About 2,500 acres of
the site are used for commercial agriculture. An active land-leasing program exists, with more
than 80 agricultural and cattle grazing leases being exercised. The surface water is used for
recreational activities, and a fishing program exists on site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 04/10/85
Final Date: 03/31/89
May 1994
-------
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater, sediments, soils, and surface water are contaminated with
trinitrotoluene (TNT), other explosive by-products, and heavy metals including
lead, mercury, chromium, and cadmium. Potential health threats include coming in
direct contact with or accidentally ingesting contaminated groundwater, soil,
surface water, or sediments. In addition, contaminants may accumulate in fish,
waterfowl, livestock, and commercial agricultural products and can pose a health
threat to those who eat them.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1989, the Army began investigating the nature and extent of the
contamination at the plant. Phase I of the investigation is currently complete, and
a report addressing the investigation findings is due in late 1994. The investigation
is scheduled for completion in late 1994. Once the investigation is complete, the most timely
and effective measures will be recommended for site cleanup.
Site Facts: An Interagency Agreement was signed with the EPA in 1989. Under the terms
of this agreement, the Army will investigate and clean up the contamination found on the
site. The site is participating in the Installation Restoration Program, a specially funded
program established by the Department of Defense (DOD) in 1978 to identify, investigate,
and control the migration of hazardous contaminants at military or other DOD facilities.
Environmental Progress
The Army is conducting investigations that will lead to the selection of final cleanup actions
for the Joliet Army Ammunition Plant (Load-Assembly-Packing Area) site. After preliminary
evaluation, it has been determined that the site does not present an immediate threat to the
surrounding population while investigations are underway.
Site Repository
Joliet Public Library, 150 North Ottawa Road, Joliet IL 60431
May 1994 JOLIET ARMY AMMUNITION PLANT
(LOAD-ASSEMBLY-PACKING AREA)
-------
Site Description
JOLIET ARMY
AMMUNITION P
(MANUFA
AREA)
ILLINOIS
EPA ID#
EPA REGION 5
Will County
Joliet
The Joliet Army Ammunition Plant (Manufacturing Area) covers 14 square miles of an
inactive Army munitions facility in Joliet. The site consists of two areas: the manufacturing
area that produced constituent chemicals and explosive materials and the Load-Assembly-
Packing Area, which is listed as a separate site on the NPL. More than 4 billion pounds of
explosives were produced in the manufacturing area from the early 1940s until 1977. Since
1977, the area has been maintained in non-operating standby condition by Uniroyal, the
contractor/operator. The manufacturing facility consists of a TNT ditch complex, where
process wash and wastewater were transported off site to be processed at water treatment
facilities; the Red Water Area consisting of storage tanks, incinerators, evaporators, a lined
lagoon, and the incinerator ash piles; and the Flashing Ground. During the manufacturing
process, contaminated process waters and chemical spills routinely were discharged without
treatment into constructed drainage ditches, where they flowed into Jackson Creek and
Grant Creek. Unlined piles of incinerator ash and a leak in the liner of one of several
wastewater lagoons also have contributed to contamination of groundwater and surface
water. Approximately 1,155 people live within 3 miles of the site. The nearest residence is less
than 1/2 mile away, and there are water supply wells in use within a mile of the site. About
2,500 acres on the site are used for commercial agriculture. An active land-leasing program
exists, with more than 80 agricultural and cattle grazing leases being exercised.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
Threats and Contaminants
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 07/21/87
Groundwater is contaminated with trinitrotoluene (TNT) and related organic
compounds. Sediments, soil, and surface water contain TNT, lead, arsenic, and
chromium. Potential health threats include touching or accidentally ingesting
contaminated groundwater, soil, surface water or sediments. In addition,
contaminants may accumulate in fish, waterfowl, livestock, and commercial
agricultural products and could pose a health threat to those who eat them.
May 1994
-------
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1985, over 7 million gallons of explosive-contaminated
water were removed from the Red Water Lagoon and transported to a federally
approved facility for disposal. Explosive-contaminated sludge and the lagoon liner
also were removed, and the area was covered with clay. In addition, two piles containing ash
from past incineration of explosives were re-capped.
Entire Site: In 1989, the Army began investigating the type and extent of the
contamination at the plant. Phase I of the investigation was completed in the fall
of 1989 and phase II was completed in late 1991. The investigative report was
completed in December 1992. Six operable units have been established at the site. Feasibility
Study activities are currently underway.
Site Facts: An Interagency Agreement was signed between the Army and the EPA in June
1989. Under this agreement, the Army will investigate and clean up the contamination on the
site. The site is participating in the Installation Restoration Program, a specially funded
program established by the Department of Defense (DOD) in 1978 to identify, investigate,
and control the migration of hazardous waste contaminants at military or other DOD
facilities.
Environmental Progress
Removing the wastewater and sludge and capping the area have reduced the threat of
exposure to or the spread of hazardous materials. The Army currently is conducting
investigations that will lead to the selection of final cleanup actions for the Joliet Army
Ammunition Plant (Manufacturing Area) site.
Site Repository
Joliet Public Library, 150 North Ottawa Road, Joliet, IL 60431
May 1994 JOLIET ARMY AMMUNITION PLANT
(MANUFACTURING AREA)
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KERR-MCGEE (KR
CREEK/WEST BR
OF DUPAGE RIV
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980823991
EPA REGION 5
DuPage County
West Chicago
Other Names:
West Branch of DuPage River
Site Description
The Kerr-McGee (Kress Creek/West Branch of DuPage River) site covers about 1 1/2 miles
of Kress Creek and about 2 1/2 miles of the West Branch of the DuPage River in the West
Chicago area. In 1931, the Lindsay Light and Chemical Company established a mill in West
Chicago for extracting radioactive thorium and non-radioactive elements from monazite and
other ores. Later, the mill was used for the manufacture of gaslight mantles (which contain
thorium), mesothorium, and, during World War II, hydrofluoric acid. Ownership of the facility
changed from Lindsay to American Potash and Chemical in 1958 and to Kerr-McGee
Chemical Corporation in 1967. The primary activity at the facility was the processing of ores
containing thorium, radium, uranium, rare earths, and heavy metals such as lead. Operations
continued at the facility until Kerr-McGee closed the plant in 1973. Over the years of
operation, surface runoff and possibly direct discharges from the facility were carried by a
storm sewer into nearby Kress Creek, and from there downstream to the West Branch of the
DuPage River. Radiation contamination, which is found to a depth of several feet along the
stream, decreases with distance from the creek. Many of the highest levels of contamination
are near the storm sewer outfall. Three associated sites, known as Kerr-McGee
(Reed-Keppler Park), Kerr-McGee (Residential Areas), and the Kerr-McGee (Sewage
Treatment Plant) are listed as separate sites on the NPL. Approximately 20,000 people live
within 3 miles of the site. Drinking water in the area is obtained by municipal or private wells.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 02/11/91
May 1994
-------
Threats and Contaminants
Sediments in Kress Creek and the West Branch of the DuPage River contain
radioactive wastes. People who come in direct contact with or accidentally ingest
the contamination may suffer adverse health effects. In addition, wildlife in and
around the creek and river may be harmed by the radiation.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of Kress
Creek.
Response Action Status
Kress Creek: The EPA began an investigation in late 1992 to explore the nature
and extent of contamination at the Kress Creek site. Once the investigation is
completed, the EPA will select a final cleanup remedy.
Site Facts: In 1984, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) issued an Order to
Show Cause, requiring Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation either to prepare and implement a
cleanup plan, or to show just cause why it should not be required to do so. In 1985,
Kerr-McGee and the City of West Chicago entered into a Consent Decree to excavate
contamination from the three other Kerr-McGee sites (Reed-Keppler Park, Sewage
Treatment Plant, and Residential Areas). To date no contamination has been removed from
the creek.
Environmental Progress
After listing the Kerr-McGee (Kress Creek/West Branch of DuPage River) site on the NPL,
the EPA performed preliminary evaluations and determined that the site does not pose an
immediate threat to the public or the environment while the investigations leading to a
permanent cleanup remedy for the site are taking place.
Site Repository
West Chicago Public Library, 118 West Washington Street, West Chicago, IL 60185
May 1994 KERR-MCGEE (KRESS CREEK/WEST
BRANCH OF DUPAGE RIVER)
-------
KERR-MCGEE (RE
KEPPLER PARK)
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980824007
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
DuPage County
West Chicago
The Kerr-McGee (Reed-Keppler Park) site covers about 11 acres in West Chicago. In 1931,
the Lindsay Light and Chemical Company established a mill in West Chicago for extracting
thorium and non-radioactive elements from monazite and other ores. Later, the mill was used
for the manufacture of gaslight mantles (which contain thorium), mesothorium, and during
World War II, hydrofluoric acid. Ownership of the facility changed from Lindsay to American
Potash and Chemical in 1958 and to Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation in 1967. The
primary activity at Kerr-McGee was the processing of ores containing thorium, radium,
uranium, rare earths, and heavy metals such as lead. The waste materials from these
operations were dispersed among numerous areas within the City of West Chicago. The main
sites include: the Kress Creek and West Branch area, which receives runoff from the Rare
Earth Facility; the City sewage treatment plant; Reed-Keppler Park, a public park; and 117
additional properties. Operations continued at the site until Kerr-McGee closed the plant in
1973. Radioactive materials were landfilled at Reed-Keppler Park, which originally had been
a gravel quarry. The contaminated areas are within the landfill and around and under the
tennis courts adjacent to it. For additional information, please see the other listings for
Kerr-McGee (Residential Areas), Kerr-McGee (Sewage Treatment Plant), and Kerr-McGee
(Kress Creek/West Branch), all listed as separate NPL sites. Approximately 15,000 people live
within 3 miles of the site. The closest residence to the park is about 250 feet away. There are
several private wells 2,000 feet from the park.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 08/30/90
Threats and Contaminants
Elevated concentrations of radioactive wastes have been detected in air samples.
Soil contains heavy metals and radioactive wastes. People who come in direct
contact with or accidentally ingest contaminated air and soil may be at risk.
May 1994
-------
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: interim actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of Reed-Keepler Park.
Response Action Status
Interim Actions: In 1986, approximately 20,000 cubic yards of thorium mill
tailings at the park were excavated and moved to a fenced area.
Reed-Keppler Park: The EPA has initiated an investigation in the spring of
1993 to explore the nature and extent of contamination at the Reed-Keppler Park.
Once the investigation is completed, the EPA will select a final cleanup remedy.
Site Facts: In 1984, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) issued an Order to
Show Cause, requiring Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation either to prepare and implement a
cleanup plan, or to show just cause why it should not be required to do so. In 1985,
Kerr-McGee and the City of West Chicago entered into a Consent Decree to excavate and
to decontaminate the sites.
Environmental Progress
The removal of mill tailings from the park has reduced the potential for exposure to
radioactive materials at the Kerr-McGee (Reed-Keppler Park) site, while investigations
leading to final cleanup actions take place.
Site Repository
West Chicago Public Library, 118 West Washington Street, West Chicago, IL 60185
Warrenville Public Library, 28 W 751 Stafford Place, Warrenville, IL
May 1994 KERR-MCGEE (REED-KEPPLER PARK)
-------
KERR-MCGEE
(RESIDENTIAL
AREAS)
ILLINOIS
EPAID* ILD980824015
EPA REGION 5
DuPage County
West Chicago
Site Description
The Kerr-McGee (Residential Areas) site covers about 2000 properties in and around the
West Chicago area that may be contaminated with radioactive wastes. In 1931, the Lindsay
Light and Chemical Company established a mill in West Chicago for extracting radioactive
thorium and non-radioactive elements from monazite and other ores. Later, the mill was used
for the manufacture of gaslight mantles (which contain thorium), mesothorium, and, during
World War II, hydrofluoric acid. Ownership of the facility changed from Lindsay to American
Potash and Chemical in 1958 and to Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation in 1967. Operations
continued at the site until Kerr-McGee closed the plant in 1973. The primary activity at the
facility was the processing of ores containing thorium, radium, uranium, rare earths, and
heavy metals such as lead. The waste materials from these operations, known as mill tailings,
were used as fill at numerous areas in and around the City of West Chicago. In 1978, the
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) located 75 spots of elevated radiation levels.
Later, the number grew to approximately 117. Three associated sites, known as Kerr-McGee
(Reed-Keppler Park), Kerr-McGee (Kress Creek/West Branch), and Kerr-McGee (Sewage
Treatment Plant) are listed as separate sites on the NPL. Approximately 15,000 people live
within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 08/30/90
May 1994
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Threats and Contaminants
Soil is contaminated with radioactive wastes. People who are exposed to elevated
levels of radiation in the soils may suffer adverse health effects.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: interim actions (voluntarily conducted by the
responsible parties in the mid-1980s) and a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of
the residential areas.
Response Action Status
Interim Actions: In the mid-1980s, Kerr-McGee voluntarily removed soils from
many affected residences and placed the material at a facility for temporary
storage. The materials will be in temporary storage until shipped to a final
Residential Areas: The EPA began an investigation to explore the nature and
extent of contamination at the residential areas in late 1993. The EPA will
determine which properties require further cleanup, and will address those
properties through non-time critical removal actions whenever practical. The fieldwork to
identify which properties require cleanup began in April 1994 and is expected to last through
1995. Removal actions are planned to begin in late 1994 and will continue through 1995 or
early 1996. Excavated soils will be shipped to a final disposal site.
Site Facts: In 1984, the NRC issued an Order to Show Cause, requiring Kerr-McGee
Chemical Corporation to either prepare and implement a cleanup plan, or to show just cause
why it should not be required to do so. In 1985, Kerr-McGee and the City of West Chicago
entered into a Consent Decree to excavate contamination from residential areas, as well as
from two other associated sites (Reed-Keppler Park and Sewage Treatment Plant). For many
years there was no final disposal site licensed to accept this waste. A final disposal site in
Utah received its license in late 1993 to accept this type of waste.
Environmental Progress
The removal of some of the contaminated soil from the Kerr-McGee (Residential Areas) site
has helped to reduce the potential of exposure to hazardous materials while the investigations
leading to additional removal actions are taking place.
May 1994 KERR-MCGEE (RESIDENTIAL AREAS)
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Site Repository
West Chicago Public Library, 118 West Washington Street, West Chicago, IL 60185
KERR-MCGEE (RESIDENTIAL AREAS)
May 1994
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KERR-MCGEE
(SEWAGE TREAT
PLANT)
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980824031
EPA REGION 5
DuPage County
West Chicago
Site Description
The Kerr-McGee (Sewage Treatment Plant) site covers about 23 acres in West Chicago. In
1931, the Lindsay Light and Chemical Company established a mill in West Chicago for
extracting thorium and non-radioactive elements from monazite and other ores. Later, the
mill was used for the manufacture of gaslight mantles (which contain thorium), mesothorium,
and, during World War II, hydrofluoric acid. Ownership of the facility changed from Lindsay
to American Potash and Chemical in 1958 and to Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation in
1967. The primary activity at Kerr-McGee was the processing of ores containing thorium,
radium, uranium, rare earths, and heavy metals such as lead. The waste materials from these
operations were sent to numerous areas within the City of West Chicago. The main sites
include: the Kress Creek and West Branch area, which receives runoff from the Rare Earth
Facility; the City sewage treatment plant; Reed-Keppler Park, a public park; and 117
additional properties. Operations continued at the site until Kerr-McGee closed the plant in
1973. The original sewage treatment plant was built in 1919 and included two septic tanks.
Over the years, the tanks were filled with radioactive materials. Additionally, fill, including
radioactive materials, was placed in other areas of the site. While modernizing the plant, the
City has located many surface and subsurface areas of the contamination. For additional
information, please see the listings for Kerr-McGee (Reed-Keppler Park), Kerr-McGee
(Residential Areas), and Kerr-McGee (Kress Creek/West Branch), all listed separately on the
NPL. Approximately 15,000 people live within 3 miles of the site. The surrounding area is
low-density residential, with forests to the north of the plant. There are thorium mill tailings
on the west bank of the DuPage River, and the closest residences are on the eastern side of
the river. The closest house is about 300 feet from the tailings.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 08/30/90
May 1994
-------
Threats and Contaminants
Soil at the site contains radioactive wastes. People who are exposed to
radioactive-contaminated soil may suffer adverse health effects.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1986, Kerr-McGee removed soils from the sewage
treatment plant and placed the material in a facility for temporary storage.
Sewage Treatment Plant: In the spring of 1993, an investigation of the nature
and extent of contamination at the site was initiated by the EPA. This
investigation also will evaluate the effectiveness of the 1986 removal action
undertaken by Kerr-McGee. Evidence indicates that this action was incomplete and that
thorium mill tailings may remain at the site. Once the investigation is completed, measures
will be recommended for site cleanup and the EPA will select the final cleanup remedy.
Site Facts: In 1984, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) issued an Order to
Show Cause, requiring Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation either to prepare and implement a
cleanup plan, or to show why it should not be required to do so. In 1985, Kerr-McGee and
the City of West Chicago entered into a Consent Decree to excavate, remove contaminants,
and decontaminate the site.
Environmental Progress
Removal of some of the contaminated soil from the Kerr-McGee (Sewage Treatment Plant)
site has helped to reduce the potential for exposure to hazardous materials while the
investigations leading to the selection of a permanent remedy for the site are taking place.
Site Repository
West Chicago Public Library, 118 West Washington Street, West Chicago, IL 60185
Warrenville Public Library, 28 W 751 Stafford Place, Warrenville, IL
May 1994 KERR-MCGEE (SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT)
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LASALLE ELECTRfF
UTILITIES
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980794333
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
LaSalle County
LaSalle
From the late 1940s to 1978, the 10-acre LaSalle Electric Utilities (LEU) site was used to
manufacture capacitors containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Operations ceased in
1981, and the site now is abandoned. The company reportedly used waste oil to control dust
in the parking lot and off site until 1969. Several hundred drums of PCB wastes, many of
which were leaking, were found stored in a wooden shed. A tank truck containing
PCB-contaminated wastes was found near a storm drain manhole. Leakage from these
containers may have reached the storm sewer system and surface water tributary to the
Illinois River. An aboveground storage tank discovered on site contained 940 gallons of
trichloroethylene (TCE). Additionally, PCB-contaminated soil was stockpiled on site. PCBs
have been found on the shoulder of the road that passes in front of the LEU site. This
contaminated area covers approximately 1 1/2 miles and passes in front of a school and a
recreational park. Approximately 190 people reside within 1/8 mile of the site; 3,400 people
live within a mile of the site, and approximately 21,000 people live within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater, surface water, sediments, soil, and the buildings on site are
contaminated with PCBs. The buildings also are contaminated with asbestos.
Primary health threats include coming in direct contact with or accidentally
ingesting contaminated groundwater, surface water, sediments, or soil. PCB
leakage from the drums on site could reach the storm sewer system and tributaries
of the Illinois River.
May 1994
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: initial actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on off-site soil cleanup and on-site soil, sediments, and groundwater cleanup.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: Between 1982 and 1985, the EPA completed several activities in
order to stabilize the contaminated areas including: installing warning signs, a
barbed wire fence, and a gate around the site; capping the property; constructing
four on-site monitoring wells; capping contaminated off-site areas; staging, sampling, and
packaging PCB waste materials for future disposal; and draining 15 vertical tanks and five
diffusion pump reservoirs inside the LaSalle Electric building into five drums. The drums
containing PCB materials were moved to a diked and lined storage area inside the
warehouse. A retention pond was expanded to control on-site drainage, stained soil was
excavated from under the tank trailer, and the excavated soil was placed into drums. The
tank containing TCE was removed from the site for reuse.
Off-Site Soil: Based on the results of the site investigations, the EPA selected the
following remedies to clean up the site: excavating approximately 23,550 cubic
yards of contaminated off-site soil and replacing it with clean fill; incinerating
contaminated soils with a thermal destruction unit; and implementing conventional industrial
cleaning to include vacuuming, hand washing, and steam jet cleaning of all structures where
soil removal activities have taken place. The State began cleanup activities in 1987 by
excavating the contaminated off-site soil and replacing it with the clean fill. Following this
action, buildings in the area were cleaned, and the ventilation systems were scrubbed. The
remaining soil incineration and final work on the site cleanup were completed in 1990;
remaining details were completed in 1991. As a safety measure to avoid the inhalation of
possible airborne contaminated particulates by the residents, approximately 30 families and
two businesses were relocated while excavations and clearing the homes took place.
On-Site Soil, Sediments, and Groundwater: In 1988, a decision was reached
by the State to perform the following cleanup actions: excavating contaminated
soil from the LEU property, high pressure flushing and mechanically cleaning
contaminated sewer lines, excavating contaminated sediments from the unnamed creek
downstream of the storm sewer discharge, incinerating the contaminated soil and sediment,
demolishing and disposing of the contaminated LEU buildings, and constructing a
groundwater collection and treatment system. Cleanup activities began in 1990. The cleanup
of the site was completed in early 1994 with the exception of the restoration of groundwater.
A preliminary Close-out Report was issued February 28, 1994. U.S. EPA will enter into an
agreement with the Illinois EPA for the long-term remedial action regarding the operation of
the groundwater collection and treatment system. This system will restore the contaminated
aquifer to drinking water standards. The restoration of the contaminated aquifer is estimated
for completion in 8 to 10 years.
May 1994 LASALLE ELECTRIC UTILITIES
-------
Environmental Progress
Significant environmental progress has been made at the LaSalle Electrical Utilities site. All
known exposures to site contamination has been eliminated. Only the potential of exposure
to contaminated groundwater still exists at the site. Once the remediation of the
contaminated aquifer is complete, the site will be released for unrestricted use. As a direct
result of the environmental cleanups "at the site, local real estate values have increased
significantly, and residential property which was previously unsalable, has already been sold.
Site Repository
City Clerk's Office, LaSalle City Hall, 745 2nd Street, LaSalle, IL 61301
LASALLE ELECTRIC UTILITIES
May 1994
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LENZ OIL
SERVICE, INC.
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD005451711
EPA REGION 5
Cook County
Lemont
Site Description
Lenz Oil Service, Inc. operated an oil and solvent storage and transfer facility under several
different owners for over 20 years. In 1980, Charles Russell purchased the company and
began a waste management operation at the site. In 1981, the company received a permit
from the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) to accept hazardous waste. In
1985, three surface impoundments were used to store hazardous waste. Also at the site were
3 underground unlined concrete storage tanks, 35 aboveground tanks, and 200 drums. In
1985, the Illinois Attorney General's Office required Lenz Oil and Charles Russell to begin
an immediate cleanup and to file a closure and compliance plan. In 1986, Lenz Oil filed for
bankruptcy. The IEPA performed soil sampling at the site in 1986 and found it to be
contaminated with high levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Private residential wells
adjacent to the site are contaminated, but these homes have been connected to alternate
water supplies. Approximately 11,300 people live within 3 miles of the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 10/04/89
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater and soils are contaminated with various VOCs, PAHs, inorganics and
trace levels of PCBs. Private wells adjacent to the site also are contaminated.
Drinking contaminated groundwater and coming in contact with
VOC-contaminated soils may pose a public threat.
May 1994
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1986, the State provided an alternate water supply to
residences having contaminated wells. The State subsequently performed surface
soil cleanup activities in 1989, which included the incineration of 21,000 tons of
Entire Site: A group of over 200 potentially responsible parties agreed to perform
a study to determine the nature and extent of contamination at the site. The study
began in 1989 and includes analyzing samples taken from surface and subsurface
soils, sediments, and surface waters. The first phase of the investigation was completed in
early 1992. The second phase of the field investigations, which consisted of additional soil and
groundwater samples, was completed later in 1992. Based on the results of these and further
investigations currently underway, various cleanup alternatives will be recommended, from
which the EPA will select the final cleanup remedy.
Site Facts: Additional potentially responsible party groups have joined the original group of
199 to voluntarily perform the site investigation.
Environmental Progress
The incineration of contaminated soil and the provision of an alternate water supply have
reduced the potential for exposure to hazardous substances at the Lenz Oil Service, Inc. site
while cleanup activities are being planned.
Site Repository
Lemont Town Hall, 418 Main Street, Lemont, IL 60439
Downers Grove Township Hall, 4440 S. Prince, Downers Grove, IL 60515
Burr Ridge Village Hall, 7660 S. County Line Road, Burr Ridge, IL 60521
May 1994 LENZ OIL SERVICE, INC.
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MIG/DEWANE
LANDFILL
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980497788
EPA REGION 5
Boone County
Belvidere
Other Names:
MIG Investment
Bonus Landfill
Boone Landfill
Kennedy Landfill
Dewane Landfill (MIG)
Site Description
The 50-acre MIG/Dewane Landfill site began accepting general refuse and industrial wastes
such as paint sludges and organic solvents in 1969. Reportedly, 480,000 gallons of hazardous
wastes were dumped into the landfill. Portions of the landfill were not covered, and leachate
was observed moving off site. The operator, M.I.G. Investments, Inc., abandoned the site in
1988 after Boone County and the State obtained a permanent injunction against the landfill
owner for exceeding its permit authority. Approximately 10 acres of the site contained
exposed wastes. The State pumped out a leachate collection impoundment periodically to
keep it from overflowing. There are approximately 16,300 people who obtain drinking water
from wells within 3 miles of the site. One of Belvidere's municipal wells and 28 percent of the
area's private wells obtain water from the upper aquifer. The closest private well is 2,500 feet
north of the site. The site is located about 1,000 feet from the Kishwaukee River.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal, State and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/26/89
Final Date: 08/30/90
Threats and Contaminants
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been detected in groundwater under the
site. Heavy metals including arsenic, cyanide, lead, and zinc have been detected in
leachate samples. Potential health threats may include drinking contaminated
groundwater and coming in direct contact with contaminated leachate.
May 1994
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In June 1989, the EPA removed 85,000 gallons of leachate
from the on-site leachate surface impoundment. The leachate was transported to
a nearby wastewater treatment plant. In June 1990, the EPA removed 75,000
gallons of leachate from the same impoundment. An interim action as part of the site-wide
investigation was initiated in early 1991, and was completed in 1992. As part of the interim
action, a temporary cap was constructed to prevent further infiltration into the landfill.
Entire Site: A thorough investigation is currently being conducted by the
potentially responsible parties, under EPA and Illinois Environmental Protection
Agency (IEPA) monitoring, to determine the nature and extent of the
contamination at the site. The Remedial Investigation was started in 1993. Based upon the
study results, final cleanup remedies will be selected.
Site Facts: A three-party Consent Order was signed in early 1991. Under this Order, the
potentially responsible parties will perform the site studies under the supervision of the EPA
and the IEPA.
Environmental Progress -f.
The removal of leachate and the construction of a temporary cap has reduced the potential
for exposure to hazardous substances at the MIG/Dewane Landfill site while studies to
determine future cleanup activities are being completed.
Site Repository
Ida Public Library, 320 North State Street, Belvidere, IL 61008
May 1994 MIG/DEWANE LANDFILL
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NL INDUSTRIE
TARACORP
SMELTER
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD096731468
EPA REGION 5
Madison County
Granite City
Other Names:
Hoyt Plant
National Lead Taracorp
Taracorp Industries Granite City Plant
Granite City Lead
Site Description
Operations at the 16-acre NL IndustriesATaracorp Lead Smelter site have included metal
refining, fabricating, and related activities since the turn of the century. Taracorp, Inc.
purchased the facility in 1979 from NL Industries, owners since 1928, and currently operates
it as a metal fabrication facility. Lead pollution in the area is believed to be partially a result
of lead smelting conducted at the site from 1905 until 1983. The smelter was used for
purifying and reprocessing lead-containing scrap, used batteries, and cable sheathing. Solid
wastes generated from this process included blast furnace slag, battery cases, and dust from
the smelter's smoke stack. These wastes were stored on site in waste piles. Another storage
area of waste piles is located at the St. Louis Lead Recyclers (SLLR) site, adjacent to the
Taracorp, Inc. property. The wastes at SLLR were a result of recycling the original waste
piles. A third location of contamination attributed to the site is the remote fill areas of
Granite City, Venice, Eagle Park Acres, and other nearby communities, where
lead-containing battery case pieces allegedly were used for fill and alley-paving material. The
Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) began monitoring air quality for lead in
1978. Between 1978 and 1981, air monitoring detected levels exceeding Federal standards. In
1981, the State of Illinois was required by EPA to develop a plan to control and maintain
Federal air quality standards for lead in Granite City. In 1982, the State of Illinois denied an
application for renewal of Taracorp's permit to operate the smelter, since the primary source
of lead pollution detected in area air and soil was from the Taracorp facility. Approximately
15,000 people live within 1 mile of the site, which is located within a heavily industrialized
section of Granite City.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 06/10/86
May 1994
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Threats and Contaminants
Ground water in monitoring wells was found to be contaminated with heavy metals.
Sediment samples from the stormwater runoff areas and soils contained elevated
levels of lead. Granite City's municipal drinking water comes from the Mississippi
River and does not appear to be affected by contaminated groundwater. Potential
health risks may exist from coming in direct contact with or accidentally ingesting
contaminated soils and crushed battery case material, especially in residential
settings. An additional, non-site related potential health threat is ingestion of
deteriorating lead-based paint in many area homes.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1990, EPA selected a remedy to clean up the site which included:
removing crushed hard rubber battery casings and lead-contaminated soil from
residential areas; excavating and consolidating the soils, crushed casings, and
lead-contaminated materials from adjacent "industrial" areas into the existing Taracorp slag
pile; covering the Taracorp pile with a cap; installing an upgraded security fence around the
Taracorp pile; implementing deed restrictions and other institutional controls; inspecting alleys
and driveways and areas containing surficial battery case material to determine if they must
also be cleaned; installing additional monitoring wells; monitoring groundwater, air, and the
cap; removing and recovering all drums on the Taracorp pile at a secondary smelter; and
consolidating the waste contained in the adjacent SLLR piles with the Taracorp pile. The
technical specifications for cleanup currently are being designed under funding from EPA and
are being performed concurrently with remedial activities. Due to the refusal of the
potentially responsible parties to conduct cleanup activities, EPA has funded several phases of
remedial activities to clean up the most highly contaminated remote fill and adjacent
residential areas.
Site Facts: Taracorp Inc. filed for bankruptcy in 1982. In 1985, EPA and the State signed a
Consent Order with NL Industries, requiring that the company conduct an investigation to
determine the type and extent of contamination at the site and to identify alternatives for
cleanup. In 1991, EPA and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers signed an Interagency
Agreement to conduct the design phase of the selected remedy. In 1992 and 1993, EPA and
the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers signed Interagency Agreements to conduct cleanup
activities at the most highly contaminated remote fill and adjacent residential areas.
May 1994 . NL INDUSTRIES/TARACORP
LEAD SMELTER
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Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, EPA performed preliminary investigations and determined
that no immediate actions were required at the NL Industries site while cleanup activities are
being designed.
Site Repository
Granite City Public Library, 2001 Delmar Street, Granite City, IL 62040
NL INDUSTRIES/TARACORP
LEAD SMELTERS
May 1994
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OTTAWA RADIATIO
AREAS
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980606750
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
LaSalle County
Ottawa
The Ottawa Radiation Areas site, approximately 25 to 30 acres in size, consists of 14 areas
contaminated by radioactive materials. These 14 areas, many of which are in residential
sections, are within 3 miles of each other and have been added to the NPL as one site
because they are contaminated by the same wastes, involve the same potentially responsible
parties, and require cleanup activities for the same media. Site investigators believe
contamination originated from the processing of wastes and the demolition of debris by two
companies that once operated in the center of Ottawa Radium Dial Co. (from 1918 to 1936)
and Luminous Processes, Inc. (from 1937 to 1978). These businesses produced luminous dials
for clocks and watches using radium-based paint. In 1969, the Radium Dial Co. building was
demolished and removed to an unknown location. The Luminous Processes Inc. building was
dismantled by the Illinois Department of Nuclear Safety (IDNS) in 1985; radioactive
remnants were shipped to a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) disposal facility in Hanford,
Washington. Contaminated soils in the area of the building also were sent to the DOE
facility in Hanford. During these activities, investigators discovered that radioactive wastes
from the two companies had been used as filler materials in the Ottawa area. Fourteen
contaminated areas in and near Ottawa were identified by subsequent radiation surveys
performed by IDNS, DOE, and the EPA. Radium was detected in surface soils and soils as
deep as 8 feet below the surface. The EPA also discovered radon in four of the 64 buildings
it screened. Access to many of the contaminated areas is unrestricted. The Old Ottawa City
Landfill, located at one of the 14 areas, is in close proximity to two businesses. The homes of
approximately 50 people were built on soil contaminated by radioactive materials; an
additional 84 people who use the areas recreationally are being exposed to site contaminants.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL Listing History
Proposed Date: 07/29/91
Final Date: 10/14/92
May 1994
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Threats and Contaminants
Surface and subsurface soils in the area of the Luminous Processes, Inc. building
have been contaminated with radioactive wastes. Four buildings in the Ottawa area
are contaminated with radon. Soil and sediment samples collected from the landfill
area were found to have elevated levels of three radioactive metals: radium-226,
lead-214, and bismuth-214. Site access is unrestricted and individuals could be at
risk of direct contact or accidental ingestion with contaminated soils or sediments.
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the old Ottawa City Landfill.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1986, the State removed contaminated soils located near
homes in one of the 14 contaminated areas and purchased one home in another
area. Radon reduction systems were installed in two homes and one business in
1988 by the EPA. In 1990, the EPA moved a third home to uncontaminated property owned
by the resident.
Entire Site: Removal actions will be undertaken in 1994 and 1995 to remove
radioactive wastes from 13 of the 14 areas in Ottawa. The remaining area will be
addressed through the above-referenced investigation.
Environmental Progress
Immediate actions such as the dismantling of the Luminous Processes, Inc. building, the
removal of contaminated soils, and the installation of radon reduction systems have reduced
health and safety risks to the nearby population while additional studies are taking place.
Site Repository
Reddick Public Library, Illinois Room, 1010 Canal Room, Ottawa, IL 61350
May 1994
OTTAWA RADIATION AREAS
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OUTBOARD
MARINE CORP.
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD000802827I
EPA REGION 5
Lake County
Waukegan
Site Description
The Outboard Marine Corp. (OMC) site area includes: Waukegan Harbor, a 37-acre area
along the western shore of Lake Michigan; North Ditch, a small tributary approximately 1,500
feet north of the Harbor; the Oual Lagoon, located north of OMC; the OMC parking lot, a
9-acre lot south of North Ditch; and the Waukegan Coke Plant site, a 40 acre property to
the east of OMC. Between 1959 and 1971, the Johnson Motors Division of OMC purchased
hydraulic fluids containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The company used the material
in aluminum die cast machines that routinely leaked. In 1976, it was discovered that the
company was discharging PCBs into Waukegan Harbor and the North Ditch. Both of these
water bodies flow into Lake Michigan. The City of Waukegan has a population of
approximately 68,000 and surrounds Waukegan Harbor. The harbor area is zoned primarily
for industrial and commercial use. There are approximately 15 businesses in the immediate
harbor area and a worker population of about 3,500 people. People in the area also use the
harbor for various recreational activities.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/22/81
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater, surface water, sediments, and soils are contaminated with PCBs.
The primary way people could be exposed to hazardous chemicals from the site is
by eating fish contaminated with PCBs. Other potential health hazards include
coming in direct contact with or accidentally ingesting contaminated materials.
May 1994
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two long-term remedial phases focusing on cleanup of the
entire site and the coal tar wastes.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1989, the EPA selected a remedy to clean up the site including:
constructing a cut-off and slurry wall in a boat slip in the harbor to form a cell to
contain the contaminants; constructing a new boat slip and relocating Larsen
Marine; removing and treating sediments in the boat slip and placing contaminated sediments
in the containment cell of the new slip; excavating and treating soil and sediments on site
from the lagoon area; constructing a containment cell to treat residues and
PCB-contaminated soils with lower levels of contamination; constructing a containment cell
around the parking lot area; constructing a temporary facility on site to treat waste dredged
from the containment cells; constructing a permanent facility on site to treat contaminated
water; treating water from the containment cell on site by discharging the water to a facility
that can treat the water; placing a cap on all containment cells; and monitoring the
groundwater. The potentially responsible parties (PRPs) have now completed most of the
cleanup requirements, while construction of the remaining cleanup activities are underway.
All cleanup activities are expected to be completed in 1995.
Coal Tar Wastes: Creosote and coal tar wastes were discovered during the
technical design of the remedy for the PCB-contaminated areas. A separate study
funded by the PRPs is underway to determine the nature and extent of the
contamination and to identify cleanup alternatives. Phase two of the field work is finished and
a preliminary report explaining what contaminants are present is now complete.
Site Facts: A Consent Decree was signed in 1986 by OMC. The potentially responsible
parties and the EPA entered into a Consent Decree in 1989, requiring the parties to perform
the cleanup activities on the site.
Environmental Progress
The PCB cleanup is essentially complete, including construction of the three on-site waste
cells, with the exception of a final cap that will be installed on top of the Slip #3 waste cell.
To date, the dredging and excavation of PCB-contaminated soil and sediment is finished, as is
the treatment and incineration of the PCBs themselves. Long term monitoring is underway
and the investigation of the coal tar waste has also been finished.
Site Repository
Waukegan Public Library, 128 North County Road, Waukegan, IL 60085
May 1994 OUTBOARD MARINE CORP.
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PAGEL'S PIT
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980606685
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Winnebago County
Rockford
The Pagel's Pit site, located in a predominately rural unincorporated area, consists of about
100 acres with the landfill occupying about 47 acres. The landfill began operation in 1972 and
is still operating. The base of the landfill was covered with an asphaltic concrete that was
sealed with a coal tar sealer. The landfill is equipped with a leachate extraction system and a
gas extraction system. Primarily, municipal wastes and sewage treatment plant sludge have
been the waste accepted at the site, but some special wastes also have been disposed of
there. The shallow aquifer under the site is a source of drinking water to residents in the
area. However, the groundwater flow is primarily toward the west while the nearby residents
are located mainly along a road that touches the eastern edge of the site. The Winnebago
County Health Department tested the water and discovered it was contaminated with several
volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Some residents along this road have home treatment
units on their water supply that have been provided by the potentially responsible parties
associated with the Acme Solvent Reclaiming, Inc. NPL site. This site is located upgradient of
the Pagel's Pit site. Killbuck Creek is to the west of the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 06/10/86
Threats and Contaminants
Shallow groundwater under the site contains VOCs and arsenic. People potentially
may be exposed to hazardous chemicals from the site by coming in direct contact
with or ingesting contaminated groundwater. Killbuck Creek could become
contaminated through runoff from the site and groundwater discharge. However,
the creek has not been found to be affected by the site.
May 1994
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed through two long-term remedial phases focusing on cleanup of
the entire site and the southeastern portion of the site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1984, the State and the EPA began a study of the site. In 1986,
some of the potentially responsible parties took over the study to explore the
nature and extent of contamination at the site and to recommend alternatives for
site cleanup. After evaluating the cleanup alternatives, the EPA selected a final remedy in
1991 which includes: groundwater extraction and treatment, with discharge of treated water
into a local stream; leachate extraction, treatment, and discharge into a wastewater treatment
plant; upgrading the landfill gas extraction system; and capping the site. A Consent Decree
has been agreed upon by some of the potentially responsible parties and U.S. EPA that will
result in the implementation of the remedy selected by U.S. EPA in the 1991 Record of
Decision as the site is gradually closed as it reaches capacity. The groundwater extraction and
treatment system is undergoing predesign studies at the present time.
Southeast Portion of Site: In 1991, further investigation of the contamination
in the groundwater in the southeastern corner of the site was begun in order to try
to determine its source and its extent. This investigation is expected to be
completed in 1994 at which time the means for addressing the contamination there will be
determined.
Site Facts: In 1992, a Consent Decree was negotiated through which the site operator will
implement the remedy that the U.S. EPA has selected.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that no immediate actions were required at the Pagel's Pit site while further
studies are taking place and cleanup activities are being planned.
Site Repository
Rockford Public Library, 215 North Wyman Road, Rockford, IL 61101
May 1994 PAGEL'S PIT
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PARSONS CASK
HARDWARE CO
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD005252432
EPA REGION 5
Boone County
Betvidere
Site Description
The 2-acre Parsons Casket Hardware Co. site was used as an electroplating facility from the
1920s until 1982, when the owner filed for bankruptcy. Wastes from the operations were
stored in drums, aboveground and underground storage tanks, and an unlined surface
impoundment. Wastes generated included electroplating sludge; cyanide plating and cleaning
solutions; and bronze, nickel, and brass sludges. In 1982, the State found that approximately
120 drums of various sizes were stored inside and outside the manufacturing building; many
were dented, corroded, leaking, or uncovered. Approximately 4,800 gallons of wastes were
stored in aboveground and underground tanks. An unlined lagoon contained approximately
166,500 gallons of liquid wastes and 1,230 cubic yards of sludges. Following a cleanup of these
wastes, sampling data collected by the State in 1987 indicated that the groundwater is
contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The municipal water system in the
area draws groundwater from an aquifer that has been contaminated with VOCs, and is the
sole source of drinking water for Belvidere's 15,200 residents. Approximately 6,000 people live
within a 1-mile radius of the site. The closest residence is less than 1/10 of a mile away. A
municipal water supply well is about 1500 feet of the site. Area residents use the Kishwaukee
River, 1,400 feet from the site, for fishing and recreational activities.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 01/22/87
Final Date: 07/22/87
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater contains various VOCs. Soils on site contain VOCs, cyanide, and
heavy metals including arsenic, copper, and nickel. People who use the local
municipal water supply system may be exposed to hazardous chemicals from the
site. The municipal water supply is analyzed quarterly, however, to ensure that
people are not exposed to dangerous levels of contaminants.
May 1994
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Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: initial actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: In 1984, the State of Illinois began to clean up the surface
impoundment and the storage tanks on site and completed the action in 1985.
Also in 1985, Filter Systems, Inc. purchased the building and moved all drums
Entire Site: The State is carrying out a study of the nature and extent of
contamination at the site, under EPA monitoring. To date, groundwater
monitoring wells and soil borings have been installed and several samples have
been collected. The study was completed in 1992. The EPA will use the results of this study
to select alternative actions for the cleanup of the site.
Site Facts: The State ordered the Parsons Casket Hardware Co. to repackage all leaking
drums and to move them indoors before it filed for bankruptcy. The new owner, Filter
Systems, Inc., recycled or removed the drums that had been stored in the building on site.
Environmental Progress
The cleanup of the surface impoundment and storage tanks has reduced the potential for
exposure to hazardous materials at the Parsons Casket Hardware Co. site while further
studies are taking place and cleanup activities are being planned.
Site Repository
Ida Public Library, 320 N. State, Belvidere, IL 61008
May 1994 PARSONS CASKET HARDWARE CO.
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PETERSEN
SAND & GRAVEL
ILLINOIS
EPAID# ILD003817137
EPA REGION 5
Lake County
1 mile north of Libertyville
Site Description
The 120-acre Petersen Sand & Gravel site is a quarry purchased by Raymond Petersen in
1952 to mine sand and gravel. The company dumped non-hazardous wastes, solvents, and
paint wastes in buried drums at the site between 1955 and 1958. The Illinois Environmental
Protection Agency (IEPA) inspected the site in 1971 and ordered it closed because of illegal
dumping. The site consists of three disposal areas that are located in the quarry, just east of
the Des Plaines River. The first disposal area, which the IEPA reinspected in 1972 and found
to be properly closed, contains non-hazardous wastes. In 1976, the IEPA discovered 10 to 15
uncovered barrels of waste in the second disposal area of the gravel pit. Of these, about half
contained paint and solvent wastes. Raymond Petersen owned the site until the Lake County
Forest Preserve District (LCFPD) acquired it in 1979. The District planned to convert the
quarry into a 240-acre recreational lake. In 1983, the LCFPD uncovered six more drums
containing unknown liquids in an area of the site located outside the quarry, 100 yards east of
the second disposal area. Barbed wire surrounds the perimeter of the gravel pit.
Approximately 880 people live within a 1-mile radius of the site. The closest residence is an
on-site trailer.
Site Responsibility: This site was addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 06/10/86
Deleted Date: 02/11/91
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater, surface water, and sediments contained volatile organic compounds
(VOCs); heavy metals including arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and lead;
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
Because contamination levels were low and site contaminants are not migrating, no
potential health threats existed.
May 1994
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Cleanup Approach
This site was addressed through initial actions; further investigations showed that no other
cleanup actions are required.
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: In 1977, the IEPA removed approximately 350 drums from the
second disposal area and placed them in a landfill permitted for hazardous waste.
In 1983, approximately 400 empty drums, 2,600 yards of contaminated soil, and
26,000 gallons of surface water from a disposal trench were removed and placed in a
permitted landfill for hazardous waste. Also, 750 drums and 1,000 paint cans were removed.
Entire Site: The State completed the final study of the site in 1988. Based on the
results, the EPA has concluded that no further site contamination studies or other
cleanup actions will be carried out at the site. The study proved that past removal
actions were adequate and that no unacceptable risks remain. However, LCFPD plans to
build a lake at the site, which could change the way any contaminants remaining at the site
migrate. Therefore, although it is not required under EPA's decisions regarding the site, the
LCFPD will monitor the surface water and sediments on site before and after the lake is
built. Groundwater and rainwater that collect in the quarry pit will continue to be discharged
to the Des Plaines River in compliance with the EPA's regulations for surface water until
mining at the site stops.
Site Facts: The EPA and the IEPA conducted the study to determine the nature and extent
of contamination at the site under a Cooperative Agreement signed in 1986.
Environmental Progress
Studies performed at the Petersen Sand & Gravel site have shown that cleanup of this site is
complete and no threats exist for nearby residents and the environment. The site was deleted
from the NPL in 1991.
Site Repository
Information is no longer available.
May 1994 PETERSEN SAND & GRAVEL
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SANGAMO ELECTRIC
DUMP/CRA
ORCHARD
WILDLIFE REFU
(USDOI)
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# IL81 43609487
Site Description -
EPA REGION 5
Williamson County
Marion
Other Names:
Olln Corp Ordlll I Area
Olln Corp Ordlll Area 12
Olln Corp Ordlll D Area
Olln Corp Ordlll Ogden Road
Olln Corp Ordlll Fire Station
Ordlll Water Tower
The 42,000-acre Crab Orchard National Wildlife Refuge currently is operated by the Fish and
Wildlife Service (FWS) of the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI). Manufacturing
facilities have been operated on the Refuge for more than 45 years. Explosives, munitions,
electrical equipment containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), boats, corrugated boxes,
and plated metal are some of the products that have been manufactured on the Refuge.
During the early 1940s, several defense-related operations began along the eastern portion of
Crab Orchard Lake. In 1946, the War Department transferred the land to DOI, and other
companies moved onto the Refuge to use buildings formerly used by wartime manufacturers.
These small industries disposed of waste at several locations in the area. In 1984, potential
contamination problems were brought to the attention of the EPA. The FWS, with the
support of the EPA, has been conducting studies to determine the types and amounts of
contaminants, as well as the extent of risks to public health and the environment. Based on
initial field investigations and risk assessments, 31 subsites were studied and grouped into four
areas: three subsites contaminated primarily with heavy metals; four subsites contaminated
with PCBs and lead; four subsites associated with munitions or explosives manufacturing,
which will be investigated by the Department of Defense (DOD); and the remaining subsite
which will require additional investigations. Crab Orchard Lake is used as a drinking water
source for Refuge personnel and visitors, the nearby Marion Federal Penitentiary, and
industrial tenants. The lake also is used for various recreational activities and has been used
in the past as an auxiliary source of water for the Marion Reservoir, a nearby public water
supply.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 07/22/87
May 1994
-------
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater contaminants include chromium, lead, arsenic, cadmium, PCBs, and
various volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Sediments and soils are contaminated
with PCBs and various heavy metals. Fish have been contaminated with PCBs;
therefore, eating contaminated fish may pose a public health threat. Accidental
ingestion of contaminated soil or sediments also may pose a health threat.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in four long-term remedial phases focusing on cleanup of the
Metals Areas, PCB Areas, Munitions/Explosives Manufacturing Area, and Miscellaneous
Areas.
Response Action Status
Metals Areas: In 1990, the EPA selected a remedy which includes: excavating
contaminated soil and sediment; treating the hazardous materials by stabilization
and fixation; disposing of the residuals in an on-site solid waste landfill;
monitoring and maintenance of the area; and implementing land use restrictions. The design
of the technical specifications was completed in June 1993. Remedial activities at the site are
expected to begin in April 1994.
PCB Areas: Based on the results of an investigation completed in 1990, the EPA
has selected the following remedies for cleanup of the site: incineration of
PCB-contaminated soils and sediments and stabilization of lead-contaminated ash,
followed by disposal of the stabilized ash in an industrial landfill and placement of the clean
ash on the site. The incineration method will be used unless the potentially responsible
Federal agencies demonstrate through a treatability test that in-situ (in-place) vitrification of
the soil can better address cleanup goals. In-place vitrification is a remedy whereby the soil is
treated electrically to form a glassy, solid material resistant to leaching. The PRPs have
chosen to treat the soils and sediments contaminated with PCBs with a thermal treatment
unit. Remedial design is in progress.
Munitions/Explosives Manufacturing Area: The DOD has completed Phase I
of the investigation of those areas contaminated with chemicals from munitions
and explosives manufacturing. The investigation is expected to be concluded in
1994 with recommendations for final cleanup activities.
May 1994 SANGAMO ELECTRIC DUMP/CRAB ORCHARD
NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE (USDOI)
-------
Miscellaneous Areas: The FWS is continuing an investigation into the
remaining areas of the Refuge to identify any additional contaminated areas and
to outline actions to be taken. This study is scheduled to be completed in 1995.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that no immediate actions were required at the Sangamo Electric Dump/Crab
Orchard National Wildlife Refuge site while cleanup activities are being planned.
Site Repository
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, RR 3 Box 328, Marion, IL 62959
Marion Carnegie Public Library, 206 South Market Street, Marion, IL 62959
SANGAMO ELECTRIC DUMP/CRAB ORCHARD
NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE (USDOI)
May 1994
-------
SAVANNA ARMY
DEPOT ACTIVI
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# IL3210020803
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Carroll County and Jo Daviess County
North of Savanna
The 13,062-acre Savanna Army Depot site is an Army munitions installation located on the
eastern bank of the Mississippi River. The facility has handled, processed, and stored
munitions, explosives, and industrial chemicals since operations began in 1918. Renovation
and loading of artillery shells and bombs began at the site in the 1930s and has occurred
intermittently. Several areas of the facility have been used for the demolition and burning of
obsolete armaments. Approximately 70 areas within the facility have been identified as
potential sources of hazardous waste. Public access to the site is restricted. There are
approximately 650 people within 3 miles of the site, and a large wintering population of bald
eagles resides on the facility.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal, and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 10/15/84
Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with various explosives, trichloroethylene (TCE),
chloroform, and nickel. Sediments and surface water are contaminated with various
explosives. Soil is contaminated with explosives and polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs). Potential health threats include drinking contaminated
groundwater and coming in direct contact with surface water, soil, and sediments.
May 1994
-------
Cleanup Approach
The site is being addressed through a variety of cleanup actions. The cleanup of the TNT
Washout Facility Lagoons has been addressed as an operable unit remedial action based
upon historical data. The entire site is being addressed through an overall site Remedial
Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS). Based upon initial results from the overall RI/FS,
contaminated areas have been identified for potential removal actions.
Response Action Status
TNT Washout Facility Lagoons: In 1992, the U.S. Army completed an
investigation into the nature and extent of contamination at the TNT Washout
Facility Lagoons located on site. As a result, the Army and EPA evaluated the
study findings and selected to incinerate the explosive-contaminated lagoon soils as the final
cleanup remedy. Design of the remedy began in 1993 and the remedy was completed in the
spring of 1994.
Entire Site: The U.S. Army, U.S. EPA, and the Illinois EPA negotiated a work
plan for a comprehensive investigation into the nature and extent of
contamination present over the entire site. The investigation will define the
contaminants and will recommend alternatives for the final cleanup of all potentially
contaminated areas. Early results of this investigation have been utilized to identify potential
removals at the worst contaminated areas. Currently, three areas have been identified for
potential removals. These areas are: Fire Training Area (FTA); Open Burning Grounds; and
the CL and CF Areas (Melt and Pour Areas).
Fire Training Area (FTA): The U.S. Army, U.S. EPA, and the Illinois EPA have reached
an agreement that a Non-Time Critical Removal will be conducted on the heavily
contaminated soils at the FTA and an Engineering Evaluation/Cost Analysis (EE/CA) was
prepared to evaluate potential alternatives. The EE/CA was issued for public comments in
April of 1994. If no significant public comments are received, the FTA will be remediated by
Low Temperature Thermal Treatment.
Open Burning Grounds: The U.S. Army has drafted an EE/CA to evaluate potential
options for a Non-Time Critical Removal to address contaminated soils located in the
backwater areas of the Mississippi River. This document is currently under review by the U.S.
EPA and the IEPA.
CL & CF Areas: The U.S. Army has drafted an EE/CA to evaluate potential options for a
Non-Time Critical Removal to address the explosives-contaminated soils located at the CL
and CF areas of the site. This document is currently under review by the U.S. EPA and the
IEPA.
May 1994 SAVANNA ARMY DEPOT ACTIVITY
-------
Site Facts: In 1989, the EPA, the State, and the U.S. Army signed an Interagency
Agreement regarding further cleanup activities at the site. The Savanna Army Depot Activity
site is participating in the Installation Restoration Program, a specially funded program
established by the Department of Defense (DOD) in 1978 to identify, investigate, and control
the migration of hazardous contaminants at military and other DOD facilities.
Environmental Progress
Heavily explosives-contaminated soils of the TNT Washout Facility Lagoons have been
remediated as an operable unit remedy. Heavily solvent-contaminated soils at the FT A are
currently being addressed by a Non-Time Critical Removal scheduled for completion by the
end of 1994. Two other Non-Time Critical removals are being planned by the Army for the
contaminated soils at the Open Burning Grounds and the CL/CF Areas. These removals are
expected to take place during late 1994 through 1995.
Site Repository
Savanna Public Library, 326 3rd Street, Savanna, Illinois 61074
SAVANNA ARMY DEPOT ACTIVITY
May 1994
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SOUTHEAST
ROCKFORD
GROUNDWA
CONTAMINATION
ILLINOIS
EPAID#ILD981000417
EPA REGION 5
Winnebago County
Rockford
Other Names:
Southeast Rockford Dry Well
Site Description
The 2-square-mile Southeast Rockford Groundwater Contamination site covers 83 city
blocks; however, contamination could affect an even larger area, since these boundaries only
indicate where the EPA has performed sampling. Conversely, the boundaries do not indicate
that all homes or businesses within this area are affected by groundwater contamination. The
groundwater at the site is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The Rock
River is located 2 miles west of the site, but is not used as a drinking water supply. Some
homes and businesses located within the site boundaries are already connected to the
municipal water supply and are not affected by the groundwater contamination.
Approximately 155,000 people living within 3 miles of the site use groundwater for drinking
purposes. The majority of the people use city water, which is drawn from a protected aquifer.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal and State actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
On-site groundwater is contaminated with various VOCs. Potential health threats
to people include drinking or coming in direct contact with contaminated
groundwater.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in three stages: initial actions and two long-term remedial phases
focusing on provision of an alternate water supply and groundwater remedy.
May 1994
-------
Response Action Status
Initial Actions: In 1989, the EPA sampled the wells of 78 homes and tested the
samples for specific VOCs. The EPA provided water to 283 homes. Bottled water
was replaced with carbon filtration systems. All 283 homes subsequently were
connected to the city water supply in 1990.
Alternate Water Supply: In early 1991, a study was completed which identified
additional residences with contaminated water supplies above the federal
standards. This action initiated additional hookups to the city water supply. All
additional homes were connected to the city water supply by late 1991.
Groundwater: The State, under EPA monitoring, is conducting an investigation
into the source, nature, and extent of groundwater contamination at the site. The
investigation will define the contaminants and will result in recommended
alternatives for the final groundwater remedy. The investigation is planned to be completed in
1994.
Environmental Progress
The provision of alternate water supplies has eliminated the potential of exposure to
hazardous substances in the drinking water and will continue to protect residents near the
Southeast Rockford Groundwater Contamination site.
Site Repository
Rockford Public Library, 215 North Wyman Street, Rockford, IL 61101
May 1994
SOUTHEAST ROCKFORD GROUND
WATER CONTAMINATION
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TRI-COUNTY
LANDFILL CO./
WASTE MANA
OF ILLINOIS, I
ILLINOIS
EPAID* ILD048306138
EPA REGION 5
Kane County
South Elgin
Site Description
The 46-acre Tri-County Landfill Co./Waste Management of Illinois, Inc. site previously was
part of a gravel mining operation. The landfill site originally was owned and operated by the
Tri-County Landfill Company from 1968 to 1973. The company had a permit from the State
to accept general municipal refuse. Waste Management of Illinois, Inc. operated the site from
1973 until it was closed in 1977. In 1984, the EPA detected contaminants in monitoring wells
downgradient of the site. The Fox River, approximately a mile west of the site, is used
extensively for fishing and boating. A freshwater wetland is 1,100 feet away from the site.
Over 10,000 people use wells within 3 miles of the site for drinking water, and a residential
well is 1,800 feet away from the site. The nearest residence is located 1/2 mile from the site.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/10/86
Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
The groundwater is contaminated with various volatile organic compounds (VOCs),
as well as cyanide. Direct contact with or accidental ingestion of contaminated
groundwater may pose a threat to the health of the nearby population. Leachate
from the site reportedly has entered nearby ponds and ditches. The contaminants
from the site could affect the adjoining wetlands. There are drainage ditches and
tributaries that enter the Fox River. This surface water resource is used for various
recreational activities.
May 1994
-------
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: The EPA is conducting an investigation of the site to determine the
nature and the extent of the contamination. The field work was completed, and a
report of investigations into potentially contaminated groundwater, surface water,
sediments and soil was submitted. The study was completed in mid-1992. A Record of
Decision (ROD) was signed in September 1992. The ROD called for installation of a cap,
gas venting system, excavation of contaminated sediments, and treatment of contaminated
groundwater. The design is currently in progress.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that no immediate actions were required at the Tri-County Landfill Co./Waste
Management of Illinois, Inc. site while cleanup activities are being planned.
Site Repository
Gail Borden Public Library District, 200 North Grove Avenue, Elgin, IL 60120
May 1994
TRI-COUNTY LANDFILL CO./
WASTE MANAGEMENT OF ILLINOIS, INC.
-------
VELSICOL CHEMIC
CORP. (ILLINOIS)
ILLINOIS
EPAID# ILD0008146731
Site Description
EPA REGION 5
Clark County
1 mile north of Marshall
Other Names:
Marshall Plant
The Velsicol Chemical Corp. (Illinois) site is a manufacturing facility that was in operation
between the mid-1930s and 1987 and occupied an area of approximately 420 acres; 172 of
which were used for the production or disposal of petroleum resins, solvents, and pesticides.
Chlordane production began in the mid-1940s, with manufacturing operations at the facility
remaining virtually unchanged until 1979, when Velsicol withdrew from the resin market.
Manufacturing of chlordane was the sole product at the facility from 1980 to 1987.
Hazardous wastes generated from various manufacturing activities were stored in on-site
impoundments. Overflow from these impoundments resulted in releases of these wastes to a
tributary of East Mill Creek. All the ponds that previously were used for waste storage now
are used only to hold stormwater and plant runoff. There are approximately 40 residences
located within 1/4 mile of the site. The population of Marshall, 1 mile from the site, is
approximately 17,000.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 12/30/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
Groundwater is contaminated with various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and
pesticides. Sediments and on-site soils are contaminated with VOCs, pesticides, and
cadmium. Elevated concentrations of pesticides were detected in fish. Adverse
health effects may exist for people who accidentally ingest or come in direct
contact with contaminated soil, sediments, or groundwater or eat contaminated
fish.
May 1994
-------
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In the 1980s, all contaminated soil and sediments were
consolidated and stabilized with cement and fly ash and then covered with a
temporary clay cap and seeded with grass.
Entire Site: In 1988, the following activities were selected to clean up the site:
excavation of 10,200 cubic yards of contaminated stream and pond sediments and
87,900 cubic yards of contaminated soil, backfilling of those areas with clay, and
reseeding the areas; consolidation of all excavated material on site; construction of a
groundwater collection drain followed by disposal through either deep well injection or
treatment of the water with granular activated carbon prior to off-site discharge; monitoring
of both groundwater and surface water; and implementation of land use and deed
restrictions. The pond sediments have been excavated, and the demolition of the existing
plant has been accomplished. Also accomplished during 1990 were the closure of injection
well #1, the integrity testing of well #2, the closure of some groundwater monitoring wells,
and the sampling of the others remaining. The design of the permanent cap for this site was
completed in 1991. The closure of the tank and container storage areas and the construction
of the groundwater collection trench have been completed. Stream sediments were excavated
and treated in 1992, and the final site cover and construction of a water treatment system are
scheduled to be completed in 1994.
Site Facts: In 1989, the EPA and the State reached a settlement with the parties potentially
responsible for the site contamination to conduct the cleanup actions.
Environmental Progress
The completed excavation and closure actions described above have reduced the potential for
exposure to hazardous materials and have contained the migration of contamination from the
Velsicol Chemical Corp. (Illinois) site while further cleanup actions are taking place.
Site Repository
Marshall Public Library, 612 Archer Avenue, Marshall, IL 62441
May 1994
VELSICOL CHEMICAL CORP. (ILLINOIS)
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WAUCONDA
SAND & GRAVEL
ILLINOIS
EPAID# ILD0470197321
EPA REGION 5
Lake County
1 mile north of Wauconda
Site Description
The 74-acre Wauconda Sand and Gravel site includes 52 acres of licensed and unlicensed
landfill areas. Prior to 1941, a sand and gravel pit operated at the site. After 1941, the site
was used as a landfill for municipal waste until 1978. Approximately 3 million cubic yards of
waste were placed in the two landfills operated on the site, one licensed and the other
unlicensed. The entire site was closed and covered with a layer of clay and soil in 1978. Since
the late 1970s, leachate from the site was entering nearby Mutton Creek, and surface water
samples taken from this creek in the early 1980s revealed low concentrations of volatile
organic compounds (VOCs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and heavy metals. PCBs have
not been detected in any subsequent studies. Although the site currently is restricted, the
property once had been used for various recreational activities. Approximately 12 homes are
located within a mile of the landfill.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal, State, and potentially
responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 07/16/82
Final Date: 09/08/83
Threats and Contaminants
Sampling of the groundwater indicates contamination with heavy metals, VOCs,
and pesticides. Leachate is contaminated with heavy metals and cyanide. Health
threats include accidental ingestion of or direct contact with contaminated
groundwater or leachate.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two long-term remedial phases focusing on leachate collection
and cleanup of the entire site.
May 1994
-------
Response Action Status
Leachate Collection: In 1985, the following interim cleanup remedies were
selected for leachate collection: installing leachate collection drains to stop surface
leachate discharge into Mutton Creek; providing for proper disposal of leachate
either at the Wauconda Sewage Treatment Plant or a hazardous waste treatment facility;
regrading depressed and eroded areas on the existing landfill soil cover with sufficient slope
to promote rain runoff; revegetating bare and eroded areas to prevent erosion of soils into
Mutton Creek; and placing a fence around the site. By 1987, all of these actions had been
completed.
Entire Site: In 1989, based on the site investigations performed by the potentially
responsible parties, the EPA selected the following remedies: long-term monitoring
of groundwater and Mutton Creek; additional air emission controls, including new
and additional vents and, if required, an active collection system with a ground flare or other
appropriate treatment; imposing restrictions on use of on-site groundwater; required
upgrading of the site cover to reduce infiltration and surface gas emissions, and to control
erosion due to runoff from the site and the erosion from Mutton Creek; continued operation
of the leachate collection system; and long-term inspection and maintenance of the gas
venting and leachate collection systems, site cover, fence, and the monitoring well network.
The design of the technical specifications was completed in 1992 and all cleanup activities are
scheduled for completion in 1994.
Site Facts: An Administrative Order on Consent was reached between the EPA, the Illinois
Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA), and the Wauconda Task Group in 1986 for
additional investigations and the performance of interim cleanup measures. In 1989, an
additional Unilateral Administrative Order was issued for the final cleanup of the entire site.
The potentially responsible parties are complying with the Unilateral Administrative Order.
Environmental Progress
The leachate collection efforts, surface drainage control, and fencing of the site have reduced
the potential for exposure to contaminated materials at the Wauconda Sand and Gravel site
while further cleanup activities are being completed.
Site Repository
Wauconda Area Library, 801 North Main Street, Wauconda, IL 60084
May 1994 WAUCONDA SAND & GRAVEL
-------
WOODSTOCK
MUNICIPAL
LANDFILL
ILLINOIS
EPA ID# ILD980605943
EPA REGION 5
McHenry County
Woodstock
Site Description
The 40-acre Woodstock Municipal Landfill site was a local dump and open burning area from
1935 to 1958, when the City of Woodstock purchased the property from a private owner. The
landfill was used as a dump for municipal, commercial and industrial waste, and also accepting
drummed hazardous wastes containing VOCs and PCBs. Approximately 7,200 cubic yards of
nickel sludge generated by the Autolite Plant in Woodstock were disposed of at the landfill
from 1972 to 1974. The landfill stopped accepting waste in 1975. The EPA conducted an
inspection of the site in 1985 and observed leachate seeping out of the landfill. Freshwater
wetlands surround the landfill, into which the landfill was leaking, contaminating both the
wetlands and surface water. Approximately 12,400 people obtain drinking water from public
and private wells located within 3 miles of the site. Six municipal wells also are located within
3 miles of the site. The distance from the nearest residential well to the site is approximately
500 feet.
Site Responsibility:
This site is being addressed through
Federal and potentially responsible
panics' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 10/04/89
Threats and Contaminants
Off-site groundwater is contaminated with vinyl chloride. On-site leachate contains
various volatile and semi-volatile organics including benzene, chlorobenzene,
toluene, and naphthalene. Numerous metals were also detected in the leachate
including cadmium, arsenic, mercury and cobalt. Surface water also is contaminated
with heavy metals. Trespassers could be exposed to site-related contaminants which
pose an unacceptable health risk when coming in direct contact with semivolatile
organics. Leachate migrating from the landfill is causing the groundwater to
May 1994
-------
become contaminated and is also contaminating surface water and the wetlands
near the site.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire
site, including capping the landfill and pumping and treating the contaminated groundwater.
Response Action Status
Entire Site: In 1989, under EPA monitoring, the parties potentially responsible
for the site contamination began an investigation into the nature and extent of
contamination. The work that was conducted under this investigation included
groundwater, soil, surface water, and air testing and a public and environmental health
assessment. The first phase of field sampling work began in 1990. Five leachate and 12
monitoring wells were installed. Leachate, groundwater, sediment, and surface water samples
were taken and analyzed, as well as samples from nearby residential wells. Nine piezometers
and four additional monitoring wells were installed for the second phase of the investigation.
Sampling activities are now complete and a Record of Decision has been signed. Currently,
negotiations are underway to have the potentially responsible parties pay for the cleanup.
Environmental Progress
After adding this site to the NPL, the EPA performed preliminary investigations and
determined that no immediate actions were required. Site investigations are now complete. A
decision has been re. hed on how to cleanup the site and negotiations are underway with the
parties responsible for the pollution to pay for the cleanup.
Site Repository
Woodstock Public Library, 414 West Judd Street, Woodstock, IL 60098
May 1994 WOODSTOCK MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
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YEOMAN CREEK
LANDFILL
ILLINOIS
EPAID# ILD980500102
EPA REGION 5
Lake County
Waukegan
Other Names:
JAfattkegan Land Reclamation Project
Edwards Field
National Disposal
Site Description
The approximately 70-acre Yeoman Creek Landfill site operated as a landfill from 1959 to
1969. The landfill has no bottom liner, and the underlying soils are permeable. More than
67,000 people in Waukegan are supplied with drinking water from a Lake Michigan intake
located approximately 3 miles downstream from the site. About 14 active residential wells are
located approximately 1 \ miles in the downgradient ground water flow direction from the site.
Apartments, businesses, and wetlands surround the site. Leachate has been observed seeping
into Yeoman Creek since 1969, although the quantity decreased substantially after the site
cover was upgraded in 1980.
Site Responsibility: This site is being addressed through
Federal, state, municipal, and
potentially responsible parties' actions.
NPL LISTING HISTORY
Proposed Date: 06/24/88
Final Date: 03/31/89
Threats and Contaminants
Leachate from the landfill contains VOCs, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), bis(2-
ethylhexyl)phthalate, and elevated concentrations of lead, manganese, iron,
chloride, and ammonia. Some ground water samples contained low concentrations
of VOCs, bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, and elevated concentrations of lead, chloride,
and ammonia. Sediments of Yeoman Creek at the landfill, and farther downstream
at Yeoman Park, contain PCBs and other organic chemicals. Preliminary results of
the risk assessment indicates that hypothetical future residential usage of the
ground water near the site would present an unacceptable health risk, and future
development of the site would present an unacceptable health risk. There may also
be significant adverse affects on wildlife in the adjacent wetland. Landfill gases
were detected migrating off-site in the subsurface. Combustible gases containing a
number of VOCs were detected entering a building near the site. This presents
May 1994
-------
both an explosion and health risk to residents of the building. Under a settlement
with PRPs, a ventilation system is to be installed in this building during the spring
of 1994.
Cleanup Approach
This site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions and a long-term remedial phase
focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
Response Action Status
Immediate Actions: In 1980, the City upgraded the site cover in most areas of
the Yeoman Creek landfill under an agreement with Illinois EPA. In 1990, the
potentially responsible parties installed a fence around the site, under an
agreement with the EPA. In the spring of 1994, a ventilation system will be installed in a
building adjacent to the site, under an agreement with EPA. This ventilation system will be
designed to have a net positive pressure to prevent entry of the gases, and will ventilate any
gases that do enter to the outside.
Entire Site: The potentially responsible parties, under EPA monitoring, are
conducting an investigation involving ecological assessment and groundwater,
leachate, and stream sampling to determine the nature and extent of the
contamination at the site. The investigation, scheduled for completion in 1994, will define the
contaminants and will recommend alternatives for the final cleanup.
Environmental Progress
Early actions taken by the City to restore the landfill cover have reduced the potential for
exposure and further contamination. The Yeoman Creek Landfill site is now fenced,
restricting any public access to contamination while site investigations are underway.
Site Repository
Waukegan Public Library, 128 North County Road, Waukegan, IL 60085
May 1994 YEOMAN CREEK LANDFILL
-------
GLOSSARY
Terms Used in the NPL Book
This glossary defines terms used throughout the NPL Volumes. The terms and
abbreviations contained in this glossary apply specifically to work performed
under the Superfund program in the context of hazardous waste management. These
terms may have other meanings when used in a different context. A table of common
toxic chemicals found at i\'PL sites, their sowces. and their potential threats is located
on page G-15
Acids: Substances, characterized by low pH
(less than 7.0). that arc used in chemical'manu-
facturing. Acids in high concentration can be
very corrosive and react with many inoruanic
and organic substances. These reactions possi-
bly may create toxic compounds or release
heavy metal contaminants that remain in the
environment long after the acid is neutralized.
Administrative Order On Consent: A
legal and enforceable agreement between the
EPA and the parries potentially responsible for
site contamination. Under the terms of the
Order, the potentially responsible parries (PRPs)
agree to perform or pay for site studies or
cleanups. It also describes the oversight rules.
responsibilities, and enforcement options that
the government may exercise in the event of
non-compliance by potentially responsible
parties. This Order is signed by PRPs and the
government; it does not require approval by a
judge.
Administrative Order [Unilateral]: A
legally binding document issued by the EPA.
directing the parties potentially responsible to
perform site cleanups or studies (generally, the
EPA does not issue Unilateral Orders for site
studies). This type of Order is not signed by the
PRPs and does not require approval by a judge.
Aeration: A process that promotes breakdown
of contaminants in soil or water by exposing
them to air.
Agency for Toxic Substances and Dis-
ease Registry (ATSDR): The Federal
agency within the U.S. Public Health Service
charged with corn/me out the health-related
responsibilities of CERCLA.
Air Stripping: A process whereby volatile
organic chemicals (VOCs) ore removed from
contaminated material by forcing a stream of air
through the contaminated material in a pressur-
ized vessel. The contaminants are evaporated
into the air stream. The air may be further
treated before it is released into the atmosphere.
Ambient Air: Any unconfined pan of the
atmosphere. Refers to the air that may be
inhaled by workers or residents in the vicinity of
contaminated air sources.
Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate
Requirements (ARARs): Federal State, or
local laws which apply to Superfund activities at
NPL sites. Both emergency and long-term
actions must comply with these laws or provide
sound reasons for allowing a waiver. ARARs
must be identified for each site relative to the
characteristics of the site, the substances found
at the site, or the cleanup alternatives being
considered for the site.
-------
GLOSSARY
properties, which increase cleaning efficiency.
However, these properties also cause chemical
reactions that increase the hazard to human
health and the environment.
Carbon Treatment: (see Carbon Adsorp-
tion).
Cell: In solid waste disposal, one of a series of
holes in a landfill where waste is dumped.
compacted, and covered with layers of din.
CERCLA: [see Comprehensive Environmen-
tal Response. Compensation, and Liability Act|.
Characterization: The sampling, monitoring.
and analysis of a site to determine the extent and
nature of toxic releases. Characterization
provides the basis for acquiring the necessary
technical information to develop, screen, ana-
lyze, and select appropriate cleanup techniques.
Chemical Rxation: The use of chemicals to
bind contaminants, thereby reducing the poten-
tial for leaching or other movement.
Chromated Copper Arsenate: An insecti-
cide/herbicide formed from salts of three toxic-
metals: copper, chromium, and arsenic. This
salt is used extensively as a wood preservative
in pressure-treating operations. It is highly toxic
and water-soluble, making it a relatively mobile
contaminant in the environment.
Cleanup: Actions taken to eliminate a release
or threat of release of a hazardous substance.
The term "cleanup" sometimes is used inter-
changeably with the terms remedial action.
removal action, response action, or corrective
action.
Closure: The process by which a landfill stops
accepting wastes and is shut down under Federal
guidelines trut ensure the protection of the
public and the environment.
Comment Period: A specific interval during
which the public can review and comment on
various documents and EPA actions related to
site cleanup. For example, a comment period is
provided when the EPA proposes to add sites to
the NPL Also, there is minimum 3-week
comment period for community members to
review and comment on the remedy proposed to
clean up a site.
Community Relations: The EPA effort to
establish and maintain two-way communication
with the public. The goals of community
relations programs include creating an under-
standing of EPA programs and related actions.
assuring public input into decision-making
processes related to affected communities, and
making certain that the Agency is aware of. and
responsive to. public concerns. Specific com-
munity relations activities arc required in
relation to Superfund cleanup actions [see
Comment Periodl.
Comprehensive Environmental Re-
sponse, Compensation, and Liability
Act (CERCLA): Congress enacted the
CERCLA. known as Superfund. in 19X0 to
respond directly to hazardous waste problems
that may pose a threat to the public health and
the environment. The EPA administers the
Superfund program.
Confluence: The place where two bodies of
water, such as streams or rivers, come together.
Confined Aquifer: An aquifer in which
groundwater is confined under pressure that is
Mgiuficantly greater than atmospheric pressure.
-------
GLOSSARY
Dike: A low wuil that can act as a barrier to
prevent a spill from spreading.
Dioxin: An organic chemical by-product or
pesticide manufacture which is known to be one
of the most toxic man-made chemicals.
Disposal: Final placement or destruction of
toxic, radioactive, or other wastes: surplus or
banned pesticides or other chemicals: polluted
soils: and drums containing hazardous materials.
Disposal may be accomplished through the use
of approved secure landfills, surface impound-
ments, land farming, deep well injection, or
incineration.
Downgradient: A downward hydroiogic
slope that causes groundwater to move toward
lower elevations. Therefore, wells diiwiwatli-
cnt of a contaminated groundwater source are
prone to receiving pollutants.
Ecological Assessment: A study of the
impact of man-made or natural activity on living
creatures and their environment.
Effluent: Wastewater. treated or untreated.
that flows out of a treatment plant, sewer, or
industrial outfall. Generally refers to wastes
discharged into surface waters.
Emission: Pollution discharged into the
atmosphere from smokestacks, other vents, and
surface areas of commercial or industrial facili-
ties.
Emulsiflers: Substances that help in mixing
materials that do not normally mix: e.g.. oil and
water.
Endangerment Assessment: A study
conducted to determine the risks posed to public-
health or the environment by contamination at
NPL sites. The EPA or the State conducts the
study when a legal action is to be taken to direct
the potentially responsible parties to clean up a
site or pay for the cleanup. An endangerment
assessment supplements an investigation of the
site hazards.
Enforcement: EPA. State, or local legal
actions taken against parties to facilitate
settlements: to compel compliance with laws.
rules, regulations, or agreements: or to obtain
penalties or criminal sanctions for violations.
Enforcement procedures may vary, depending
on the specific requirements of different
environmental laws and related regulatory
requirements. Under CERCLA. for example.
the EPA will seek to require potentially
responsible parties to clean up a Superfund
site or pay for the cleanup [see Cost Recov-
ery).
Erosion: The wearing away of land surface
by wind or water. Erosion occurs naturally
from weather or surface runoff, but can be
intensified by such land-related practices as
farming, residential or industrial develop-
ment, road building, or timber-cutting. Ero-
sion may spread surface contamination to off-
site locations.
Estuary (estuartne): Areas where fresh
water from rivers and salt water from
nearshore ocean waters are mixed. These
areas may include bays, mouths of rivers, salt
marshes, and lagoons. These water ecosys-
tems shelter and feed marine life, birds, and
wildlife.
Evaporation Ponds: Areas where sewage
sludge or other watery wastes are dumped and
allowed to dry out.
Feasibility Study: The analysis of the
potential cleanup alternatives for a site. The
feasibility study usually starts as soon as the
remedial investigation is underway. In this
volume, the feasibility study is referred to as a
site study [see also Remedial Investigation].
-------
GLOSSARY
Hot Spot: An area or vicinity or' a site contam-
ing exceptionally hjgh levels or contamination.
Hydrocarbons: Chemical compounds that
consist entirely of hydrogen and carbon.
Hydrology: The properties, distribution, and
circulation of water.
Hydrogeology: The geology of groundwater.
with particular emphasis on the chemistry and
movement of water.
Impoundment: A body of water or sludge
confined by a dam. dike, floodgate, or other
barrier.
Incineration: A group of treatment technolo-
gies involving destruction of waste by controlled
burning at high temperatures, e.g.. burning
sludge to reduce the remaining residues to a
non-burnable ash that can be disposed of safely
on land, in some waters, or in underground
locations.
Infiltration: The movement of water or
other liquid down through soil from precipita-
tion (rain or snow) or from application of
wastewater to the land surface.
Influent: Water, wastewater. or other liquid
flowing into a reservoir, basin, or treatment
plant
Injection Well: A well into which waste
fluids are placed, under pressure, for purposes
of disposal.
Inorganic Chemicals: Chemical sub-
stances of mineral origin, not of basic carbon
structure.
Installation Restoration Program: The
specially funded program established in 197X
under which the Department of Defense has
been identifying and evaluating its hazardous
waste sites and controlling the migration of
hazardous contaminants from those sites.
Intake: The source from where a water supply
is drawn, such as from a river or water body.
Interagency Agreement: A written agree-
ment between the EPA and a Federal agency
that has the lead for site cleanup activities.
.setting forth the roles and responsibilities of the
agencies for performing and overseeing the
activities. States often are parties to interagency
agreements.
Interim (Permit) Status: Conditions under
which hazardous waste treatment, storage.
and disposal facilities, that were operating
when regulations under the RCRA became
final in 19X0. are temporarily allowed by the
EPA to continue to operate while awaiting
denial or issuance of a permanent permit. The
facility must comply with certain regulations
to maintain interim status.
Lagoon: A shallow pond or liquid waste
containment structure. Lagoons typically are
used for the storage of wastewaters. sludges.
liquid wastes, or spent nuclear fuel.
Landfarm: To apply waste to land or incor-
porate waste into the surface soil, such as
fertilizer or soil conditioner. This practice
commonly is used for disposal of composted
wastes and sludges.
Landfill: A disposal facility where waste is
placed in or on land. Sanitary landfills are
disposal sites for non-hazardous solid wastes.
The waste is spread in layers, compacted to the
smallest practical volume, and covered with soil
at the end of each operating day. Secure chemi-
cal landfills are disposal sites for hazardous
waste. They are designed to minimize the
chance of release of hazardous substances into
the environment [see Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act).
Leach, Leaching [v.LJ: The process by
which soluble chemical components are dis-
solved and carried through soil by water or
some other percolating liquid.
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GLOSSARY
The (SU-day penod may be extended if the EPA
receives a good faith orfer from the PRPs
within that penod. [See also Good Faith Offer).
On-Scene Coordinator (OSC): The
predesignated EPA. Coast Guard, or Depart-
ment of Defense official who coordinates and
directs Superfund removal actions or Clean
Water Act oil- or hazardous-spill corrective
actions.
Operation and Maintenance: Activities
conducted at a site after a cleanup action is
completed to ensure that the cleanup or
containment system is functioning properly.
Organic Chemicals/Compounds:
ChemicaJ substances containing mainly
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Outfall: The place where wastewater is
discharged into receiving waters.
OverpackJng: Process used for isolating
large volumes of waste by jacketing or encap-
sulating waste to prevent further spread or
leakage of contaminating materials. Leaking
drums may be contained within oversized
barrels as an interim measure prior to removal
and final disposal.
Pentachlorophenol (PCP): A synthetic.
modified petrochemical that may be used as a
wood preservative because of its toxiciry to
termites and fungi. It is a common component
of creosotes and can cause cancer.
Perched (groundwater): Groundwater
separated from another underlying body of
groundwater by a confining layer, often clay or
rock.
Percolation: The downward flow or filtering
of water or other liquids through subsurface
rock or soil layers, usually continuing down-
ward to groundwater.
Pesticide: A substance or mixture of sub-
stances intended to prevent, destroy, or repel any
pest If misused, pesticides can accumulate in
the foodchain and contaminate the environment.
Petrochemicals: Chemical substances
produced from petroleum in refinery operations
and as fuel oil residues. These include
fluoranthene. chrysene. mineral spirits, and
refined oils. Petrochemicals are the bases from
which volatile organic compounds (VOCs),
plastics, and many pesticides are made. These
chemical substances often are toxic to humans
and the environment
Phenols: Organic compounds that are used in
plastics manufacturing and are by-products of
petroleum refining, tanning, textile, dye, and
resin manufacturing. Phenols are highly poison-
ous.
Physical Chemical Separation: The
treatment process of adding a chemical to a
substance to separate the compounds for further
treatment or disposal
Pilot Testing: A small-scale test of a pro-
posed treatment system in the field to determine
its ability to clean up specific contaminants.
Plugging: The process of stopping the flow of
water, oil. or gas into or out of the ground
through a borehole or well penetrating the
ground.
Plume: A body of contaminated groundwater
flowing from a specific source. The movement
of the groundwater is influenced by such factors
as local groundwater flow patterns, the character
of the aquifer in which groundwater is con-
tained, and the density of contaminants [see
Migration].
Pollution: Generally, the presence of matter
or energy whose nature, location, or quantity
produces undesired health or environmental
effects.
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GLOSSARY
Record of Decision (ROD): A public
document that explains which cleanup
alternative! s) will be used to clean up sites
listed on the NPL. It is based on information
generated during the remedial investigation
and feasibility study and consideration of
public comments and community concerns.
Recovery Wells: Wells used to withdraw
contaminants or contaminated groundwater.
Recycle: The process of minimizing waste
generation by recovering usable products that
might otherwise become waste.
Remedial Action (RA): The actual con-
struction or implementation phase of a
Superfund site cleanup following the remedial
design [see Cleanup).
Remedial Design: A phase of site cleanup
where engineers design the technical specifi-
cations for cleanup remedies and technolo-
gies.
Remedial Investigation: An in-depth
study designed to gather the data necessary to
determine the nature and extent of contamina-
tion at a Superfund site, establish the criteria
for cleaning up the site, identify the prelimi-
nary alternatives for cleanup actions, and
support the technical and cost analyses of the
alternatives. The remedial investigation is
usually done with the feasibility study. In this
volume, the remedial investigation is referred
to as a site study [see also Feasibility Study].
Remedial Project Manager (RPM): The
EPA or State official responsible for oversee-
ing cleanup actions at the site.
Remedy Selection: The selection of the
final cleanup strategy for the site. At the few
sites where the EPA has determined that
initial response actions have eliminated site
contamination, or that any remaining con-
tamination will be naturally dispersed without
further cleanup activities, a 'No Action"
remedy is selected (see Record of Decision).
Removal Action: Short-term immediate
actions taken to address releases of hazardous
substances (see Cleanup).
Residual: The amount of a pollutant re-
maining in the environment after a natural or
technological process has taken place, e.g..
the sludge remaining after initial wastewater
treatment, or the parnculates remaining in air
after the air passes through a scrubber.
Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act (RCRA): A Federal law that established
a regulatory system to track hazardous sub-
stances from the time of generation to dis-
posal. The law requires safe and secure
procedures to be used in treating, transport-
ing, storing, and disposing of hazardous
substances. RCRA is designed to prevent
new. uncontrolled hazardous waste sites.
Retention Pond: A small body of liquid
used for disposing of wastes and containing
overflow from production facilities. Some-
times retention ponds are used to expand the
capacity of such structures as lagoons the
store waste.
Runoff: The discharge of water over land
into surface water. It can carry pollutants
from the air and land and spread contaminants
from its source.
Scrubber: An air pollution control device
that uses a spray of water or reactant or a dry
process to trap pollutants in emissions.
Sediment: The layer of soil. sand, and
minerals at the bottom of surface waters such
as streams, lakes, and rivers, that absorbs
contaminants.
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GLOSSARY
Solvent: A substance capable of dissolving
another substance to form a solution. The
primary uses of industrial solvents are as
cleaners for degreasing. in paints, and in
pharmaceutical. Many solvents are flam-
mable and toxic to varying degrees.
Solvent Extraction: A means of separating
hazardous contaminants from soils, sludges.
and sediment, thereby reducing the volume of
the hazardous waste that must be treated. It
generally is used as one in a series of unit
operations. An organic chemical is used to
dissolve contaminants as opposed to water-
based compounds, which usually are used in
soil washing.
Sorption: The action of soaking up or
attracting.substances. It is used in many
pollution control systems.
Special Notice Letter: [See Notice Let-
ter).
Stillbottom: Residues left over from the
process of recovering spent solvents.
Stripping: A process used to remove volatile
contaminants from a substance [sec Air Strip-
ping).
Sumps: A pit or tank that catches liquid
runoff for drainage or disposal.
Superfund: The program operated under the
legislative authority of the CERCLA and
Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization
Act (SARA) to update and improve environ-
mental laws. The program has the authority to
respond directly to releases or threatened re-
leases of hazardous substances that may endan-
ger public health, welfare, or the environment
The "Superfund" is a trust fund that finances
cleanup actions at hazardous waste sites.
Surge Tanks: A holding structure used to
absorb irregularities in flow of liquids, including
liquid waste materials.
Swamp: A type of wetland that is dominated
by woody vegetation and does not accumulate
peat moss deposits. Swamps may be fresh or
saltwater and tidal or non-tidal [see Wetlands).
Thermal Treatment: The use of heat to
remove or destroy contaminants from soil
Treatability Studies: Testing a treatment
method on contaminated groundwater. soil. etc..
to determine whether and how well the method
will work.
Trichloroethylene (TCE): A stable, color-
less liquid with a low boiling point. TCE has
many industrial applications, including use as
a solvent and as a metal degreasing agent
TCE may be toxic to people when inhaled,
ingested, or through skin contact and can
damage vital organs, especially the liver [see
Volatile Organic Compounds).
Unilateral [Administrative] Order: [see
Administrative Order).
Upgradient: An upward hydroibgic slope:
demarks areas that are higher than contaminated
areas and, therefore, are not prone to contamina-
tion by the movement of polluted groundwater.
Vacuum Extraction: A technology used to
remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
from soils. Vacuum pumps are connected to a
series of wells drilled to just above the wan-
table. The wells are sealed tightly at the soil
surface, and the vacuum established in the soil
draws VOC-contaminated air from the soil
pores into the well, as fresh air is drawn down
from the surface of the soil.
-------
GLOSSARY
Some Common Contaminants at NPL Sites
Contaminant t
Category
Example
Chemical Types
Sources
Potential Health
Threats*
Heavy Metals
Volatile Organic
Comoounos
(VOCs)
Pesticides/
Herbicides
Pofychtorwalad
ttpnenyts (PCBs)
Creosotes
Radiation^
Arsenic. Barium. Beryllium. i Electrooiating. batteries.
Cadmium. Cobalt. Copper, j paint pigments, photogra-
phy, smelting, thermom-
eters, fluorescent lights.
Chromium. Lead. Manga
nese. Mercury. Nickel.
Silver. Selenium. Zinc
Trichloroemyiene (
Percnioroetnyiene iPCE),
Acetone. Benzene.
Ketone. Methyl cnlonde.
Toluene. Vinyl Chloride.
Dichloretnylene
Chlordane. DDT 4-4. DDE.
Heptacnlor. Aldnn. Endnn.
Atrazme. Dieldhn. Toxa-
phene
Polyaromatic hyarocar-
bons (PAHs). Polynuclear
aromattcs (PNAs),
Phenolic Tars. Pentachto-
rophenol (PCP)
Radium-226. Radon.
Uranium-235. Uranium-
238
solvent recovery
Solvents ana degreasers.
gasoline octane ennanc-
ers. oils ana paints, dry
cleaning fluids, chemical
manufacturing.
Agricultural applications,
pesticide and herbicide
production
Electric transformers and
capacitors, insulators and
coolants, adhesrves.
caulking compounds.
carbonless copy paper.
hydraulic fluids.
Wood preserving, fossil
fuel combustion
Mine tailings, radium
products, natural d
granites
iy of
Tumors, cancers, and kidney.
Drain, neurological, bone and
liver damage
Cancers, kidney and liver
damage, impairment of the
nervous system resulting in
sleepiness and headaches.
leukemia
Various effects ranging from
nausea to nervous disorders.
Dioxin is a common by-product
of the manufacture of pesti-
cides and is both highly toxic
and a suspected carcinogen.
Cancer and liver damage.
i Cancers and skin ulcerations
with prolonged exposure
Cancer
Stums: Toxic Chemicals—What They Are. How They Affect You (EPA. Region S)
Qbuary ot Environment* Terns (EPA. 1968)
•TTw potential for risk due to these contamrunta 13 linked to a numoer at factors: for oxampie. ifio length end level of
and envwonmental era health factors sucn as age.
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