EPA-650/2-74-095




October  1974
Environmental  Protection Technology Series





                     X*X*X'X*X'X'X*X'X*X"X'XvX"X*XvXv
                     ^^rWw^^^iWSSSS-^IrSSSftiScS

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                                       EPA-650/2-74-095
       FLUORIDE EMISSIONS


FROM  PHOSPHORIC  ACID  PLANT


           GYPSUM PONDS

                     by

             W.R. King andJ.K. Ferrell

            North Carolina State University
            Raleigh, North Carolina 27607

               Grant No. R-800950
               ROAPNo. 21AFA-075
            Program Element No .  1AB015

           EPA Project Officer: B .N . Murthy

             Control Systems Laboratory
         National Environmental Research Center
       Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711

                  Prepared for

        OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
       U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
             WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460

                  October 1974

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This report has been reviewed by the Environmental Protection Agency
and approved for publication.  Approval does not signify that the
contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency,
nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute
endorsement or recommendation for use.
                                    ii

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                                                                    iii




                         ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS






     The author wishes to express his appreciation to all persons who




have assisted in this study.  The advice and guidance of his advisory




committee, Professors J. K. Ferrell, R. W. Rousseau, D. B. Marsland,




J. A. Seagraves, and L. A. Ihnen has been invaluable in the completion




of this study.  Appreciation is also extended to Professor P. R.




Johnson for his comments and suggestions on the statistical analyses




used in this study.




     Special gratitude is expressed to three other people who




contributed greatly to the success of the study.  Jim Locklear, a




rising senior in Chemical Engineering, aided this author during the




field measurements of ambient air fluorine concentrations.  His




professional attitude and his willingness to work long hours under




adverse conditions contributed much to this phase of the work.  Larry




Rainey a senior Computer Science major, translated the flow sheets




into the pond simulation program used in this report.  The efficiency




of this program is the result of his skill and effort.  Judith King,




the wife of the author,  transcribed the report into the many drafts




that necessarily preceed the final manuscript.  Her language skills




contributed much to the  readability of the final product.




     A grant from  the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (R-800950)




provided support for this study.  Appreciation is expressed to the EPA




officials most closely connected with the project, A. P. Craig, D.




Denney, B. Murthy, and H. Wilson, for their patience and help.

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                                                                    iv

                        TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                  Page

1.   INTRODUCTION 	      1

2.   METHOD OF APPROACH .  .  . .-	      4

3.   RESULTS	      9

4.   MASS TRANSFER COEFFICIENT	    14

       4.1   Introduction   	    14
       4.2   Model Development  	    15
       4.3   Data Base for the Water Mass  Transfer Coefficient   .    19
       4.4   Water Mass Transfer Coefficient Development  ....    24
       4.5   Discussion of Results	    28
       4.6   Comparison of Correlation Against Other Available
               Data	    30
       4.7   Previous Correlations  	    32
       4.8   Fluorine Mass Transfer Coefficient Development ...    39

5.   WIND SPEED PROFILE	    42

       5.1   Introduction	    ^2
       5.2   Model Development  	    ^2
       5.3   Data Base	    45
       5.4   Wind Speed Profile Exponent  	    46
       5.5   Discussion of Velocity Profile Exponent  	    46

6.   FLUORINE ANALYTICAL METHODS  	    51

7.   VAPOR LIQUID EQUILIBRIUM FOR THE POND WATER-FLUORINE SYSTEM.    52

       7.1   Literature Review  	    52
       7.2   Experimental Results and Discussion	    53
       7.3   Vapor-Liquid  Equilibrium Still  	    69

               7.3.1   Design, Operation and Accuracy  	    69
               7.3.2   Demonstration of the Still's Capability  to
                         Produce Thermodynamically Consistent
                         Data	    75

8.   AMBIENT AIR MEASUREMENTS	    76

       8.1   Summary	    76
       8.2   Data Collected	    76
       8.3   Pond Descriptions	    77

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

                                                                   Page

               8.3.1   Pond 10	    77
               8.3.2   Pond 20	    80

       8.4   Sampler,  Sample Recovery and Sample Analysis   ....    84

9.   COMPUTER SIMULATION OF POND EMISSIONS AND AMBIENT AIR
       CONCENTRATIONS	    87

       9.1   Simulation Concepts 	    87
       9.2   Data Inputs	    89
       9.3   Output of the Simulation	    89

10.  VERIFICATION OF THE POND SIMULATION	    96

       10.1  Verification	    96
       10.2  Background Concentrations 	   101
       10.3  Conclusions	103

11.  EMISSION ESTIMATES	104

       11.1  This Study	104
       11.2  Other Studies	105

12.  FUTURE WORK	108

       12.1  Extensions	108
       12.2  Offshoots	109

13.  NOMENCLATURE	Ill

14.  LIST OF REFERENCES	116

15.  APPENDIX	119

       15.1  Discussion of Partial Pressure Assumptions in Mass
               Transfer Development  	   120
       15.2  Analytical Procedure	124

               15.2.1  Equipment	124
               15.2.2  Procedure 	   125
               15.2.3  Sample Problem  	   126

       15.3  Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium for the System HF-H20  ...   126

               15.3.1  Introduction  	   126
               15.3.2  Existing Data Correlations   	   127

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                                                                     vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

                                                                   Page

                         15.3.2.1  Correlating equations ....     127
                         15.3.2.2  Correlations  	     131

               15.3.3  Comparison of this Study's Results with
                         HF-H20 Correlations 	     135

       15.4  Usable Ambient Air Fluorine Concentration
               Measurements	     142

               15.4.1  Pond 10 Downwind	     142
               15.4.2  Pond 20 Downwind	     194
               15.4.3  Pond 10 Upwind Sampler - 03	     232

       15.5  Unusable Ambient Air Fluorine Concentration
               Measurements  	     239

               15.5.1  Pond 10	     239
               15.5.2  Pond 10	     249
               15.5.3  Pond 20	     257
               15.5.4  Pond 20	     275

       15.6  Sampler Studies	     286

               15.6.1  Sampler Efficiency   	     286
               15.6.2  Ambient Air Sampling Procedure   	     288

                         15.6.2.1  Equipment  	     288
                         15.6.2.2  Procedure  	     288

               15.6.3  Sample Recovery Procedure  	     290

       15.7  Pond Simulation Program	     291
       15.8  Calculation of Fluorine Vapor Pressure  	     316

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                        1.  INTRODUCTION






     One of the major operations in the production of phosphate




fertilizers and chemicals is the processing of phosphate ore by the wet-




process to phosphoric acid.  The major step in this synthesis is the




reaction of the ore with sulfuric acid.  A complete description of the




wet-process is given in [14],




     The ore consists mainly of mixtures of the mineral fluorapatite




(3 Ca3(PO,)2«CaF2)  and partially substituted homologs such as hydroxy-




apatite    (3Ca_(PO ) -Ca(OH)2) .  The ore contains approximately 3.5




percent fluorine, part of which reacts during processing to form




volatile, water-soluble compounds.  The aqueous streams carrying these




fluorine compounds arc discharged into one or more ponds for cooling,




storage, reconditioning and eventual reuse.  Figure 1.1 is a simplified




flow sheet for a 1,000 ton per stream day  (as  P20  ) wet-process




phosphoric acid plant with the fluorine material balance shown.  Over




85% of the fluorine entering the plant accumulates in the pond system.




     Phosphate ores containing 4.78 million tons of  P20,_  were




converted by the wet-process into phosphoric acid in 1971 [20].  The




apparent production growth rate between 1968 and 1971 was 14.5 percent




per year [19, 20].  In 1969, wet-process plants were reported  to be




operating in 38 separate  locations [8, pg. 7-17].  Pond sizes, based on




limited observations, appear to vary from  one tenth to four tenths




acres per daily ton of acid capacity expressed as  P20,. .  If  all




ponds fall in this range, between 1500 and 5800 acres of ponds existed




in connection with wet-process plants  in 1971.

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                                                             F • .01 T/D










>

' 1


Vacuum
Cooling





>





r








Phosphate Rock
F - 140 T/D

Sul f i
X
iT-ir N

~ 	 -+ '
1 i

mmmma






\








'/

1
1


Filtration


A
i
i


k 1
i
Reaction

V"

V










f


















J,
mmm







\
w
1
1 — >

'h

i
4J
c
f>»

1
1
1
1
r
f i i
Product
Concentration
  Acid
              H
              m
                                        =•  o
                                        co
                                        o.  I

                                        O  &4
                                        Product
                                       F • 18 I/I
                                               \l£
                                                 H
^
m
on
                                                   «
              Process
                Water
                 Pond
Figure 1.1
 — Gaseous Streams

— Major Liquid Process Stream*

    Process Water Streams


Block flow diagram and fluoride balance for 1000 T/
Stream Day Wet Process Phosphoric Acid Plant
 [8, pp. 3-45  to 3-150]

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                                                                      3




     The literature contains estimates of fluorine emissions from the




ponds that range from 0.2 to over 10 pounds of fluorine per acre day;




however, the data base for these estimates is too fragmentary to allow




the best estimate to be identified.  Even so, simple calculations show




that the ponds are potentially a very large and uncontrolled source of




fluorine emission to the atmosphere.




     The objective of this study was to develop a sound engineering




method for estimating the fluorine emissions from these ponds, and to




test the method experimentally for ponds in existing wet-process




plants in two separate locations.  The magnitude of the emission




control problem could then be documented.

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                      2.   METHOD OF APPROACH






      All wet-process plants surveyed used one or more ponds  for




 process water cooling and for disposal  of by-product gypsum.   Since  all




 ponds within a single plant are interconnected and  have  essentially  the




 same fluorine concentration,  they can be  evaluated  as a  single unit.




 In this study the  term pond will refer  to the entire system  for a



 single plant.




      The volatile  fluorine-containing chemical species were  not




 identified  in this  study; all mass fluxes,  concentrations, and partial




 pressures involving fluorine compounds  are  reported as elemental




 fluorine (F)  .   In  the past it has usually  been assumed  without proof




 that the volatile compounds are hydrogen  fluoride (HF) and silicon




 tetrafluoride (SiF.)  in  the gaseous phase,  and hydrofluosilicic acid




 (H2SiF6)  in  the  liquid phase.




      Ponds are  large,  diffuse  emission  sources and  it is very




 difficult, if not impossible,  to  measure  fluorine emissions directly;




 therefore direct measurements  were  not  attempted  in this project.  An




 alternate approach was taken whereby  fluorine  emission rates were




 estimated from a knowledge  of  the  fluorine  concentration and water




 temperature in the pond and atmospheric conditions  at  the pond.  These




 predictions were then  verified by measurements  of ambient air  fluorine




 concentration downwind from the pond.




     The overall approach can be divided into  two steps:   prediction of




emission rate and verification by downwind ambient measurement.  The

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                                                                       5



 first  step,  the  prediction of  the emission  rate  can best be described



 by  reference  to  the general equation  for mass  transfer of  fluorine



 from the pond water to  the atmosphere
where
          NF = fluorine  transfer rate per unit  surface area



               from pond to atmosphere,



          K_, = overall gas-side fluorine mass transfer co-



               efficient,



          P* = partial pressure of fluorine in  equilibrium



               with pond water, and



          PF = partial pressure of fluorine in  atmosphere



               above pond.





The specific tasks in this step are:





     1)   Measurement of the equilibrium vapor  pressure ( P* ) of
                                                          r


          fluorine over samples of pond water,



     2)   Development of a correlation for predicting the mass



          transfer coefficient  CK~)  from existing data, and
                                  r


     3)   Prediction of fluorine mass transfer  rates by



          Equation (1)  (lO .
                          r




The second step in the overall approach is the  verification of the



emission estimates.  The specific tasks in this step are:

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                                                                       6



      1)   Development of a computer simulation of fluorine



           transfer from ponds using Equation (1) and the



           atmospheric dispersion of the fluorine downwind of



           the pond,




      2)   Prediction of the fluorine concentration in the



           atmosphere downwind of the pond by use of the com-



           puter simulation model,




      3)   Measurement of fluorine emission rates downwind of



           the ponds,  and




      4)   Comparison of measured and predicted  downwind con-




           centrations and verification of the computer  simulation



           and its component parts,  including the emission pre-



           diction method.






      For reasons  discussed  in  Chapter  3,  calculation  of experimental



 emissions from the  experimental  ambient air  measurements would be un-




 sound;  therefore, measured  and calculated ambient air fluorine




 concentrations were compared to  demonstrate  the  validity of  the method



 of estimating  fluorine emissions.  The good  agreement between predicted



 and measured fluorine concentrations in the  atmosphere  downwind of two




 ponds, shown in Chapter 10, verifies the computer simulation of the



 pond emissions and of the atmospheric  dispersion of  fluorine.  Since




 the pond  fluorine emission estimate is an important part of the



simulation, the agreement between predicted  and measured ambient air



concentrations also verifies the method of predicting emissions from



ponds developed in this report.

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                                                                      7



     The approach described in this chapter can be used for any pond




and should also be sufficiently general to apply to the emission of




other pollutants from both natural ponds and waste disposal ponds.




     The steps outlined above are discussed in detail in the chapters




that follow.  Figure 2.1 is a work flow sheet showing in more detail




the various steps in the study and their interrelations.

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f
1
tr-
f
-*
-*
t, r


Review and Corre late 1
Water Evaporation Data 1^,^%

Develop Wind Velocity
Profile Prediction


Review and Correlate Data
For the HT-HjO System •—
>
Design Equilibrium Still |^

Develop Preliminary
Emission Estimates
And Preliminary
Ambient Air Concentrations
i j /n
\l/ ""•
Design Ambient Air


Develop Pond Simulation for
Computer
J,
^ Predict Ambient Air
? Fluorine Concentratlona


^

^ Develop Pond to Air Mais
Transfer Coefficient For Water
^

Develop Fond to Air Mail
Transfer Coefficient For Fluorine
^ i



Test Analytical Methods 1
tl
J,


Check Conalstancy of Still 1
on HF - Hater System 1
\l
Measure Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium of
Fluorine in Pond Water
>



>
'
Lent Air Sampler
f
Measure Ambient Air Fluorine
Concentration! Downwind of Fonda

A

Predicted and Meaeuri
Concentri
\
nates by Comparing
d Ambient Air Fluorine
tlons
,
Produce Emission Estimate!



Figure 2.1    Fluorine emissions from "Wet Process" phosphoric acid
              plant ponds

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                           3.  RESULTS






     The goal of this study was to develop and verify a method of




predicting fluorine emissions from ponds.  Ideally then, one would like




to compare calculated emission rates with values measured in the field.




Such a comparison would, however, be statistically unsound.




     Since water temperature varies over the pond, calculation of




emission rates from measured ambient air concentrations requires




knowledge of the variation of fluorine vapor pressure with temperature.




However, the vapor pressure-temperature relation is also used in the




mass transfer equation to make the emission prediction.  Thus, if




emission rates calculated from measurements of fluorine in the ambient




air are used to verify the emission rates calculated from the mass




transfer coefficient, vapor pressure becomes part of both the tested




and verifying observations.  Therefore, statistical comparison of the




measured and predicted values would be suspect since the independent




variable could not be considered non-stochastic.  Section 4.7 discusses




the pitfalls of non-stochastic independent variables.  In contrast,




comparison of fluorine ambient air concentrations calculated from the




mass transfer equation and a standard pollutant dispersion model with




measured values avoids the statistically unsound comparison of two




numbers both dependent on the same observed variable.   This latter




validation method was used to demonstrate the validity of the




emission prediction method and is discussed in detail in Chapter 10.




     Based on the statistical conclusions made in Chapter 10 that




ambient air fluorine concentrations downwind of ponds , and therefore

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                                                                      10



 pond emissions,  can be predicted satisfactorily, the emissions




 estimates for the two ponds studied were calculated as discussed in



 Chapter 11.  The results are presented in Figures 3.1 and 3.2.  The




 portions of the  emission estimates shown as solid lines in the



 figures cover the range of water temperatures  and wind speeds  actually



 experienced during the field studies.




      Since  most  fluorine emission regulations  are written in terms  of



 pounds  of fluorine per unit plant through-put,  recasting  the




 emission rate  in these units enables  the reader to judge  the relative



 importance  of  pond emissions in  comparison to  plant emissions.  A




 number  of pond emission estimates were made from an optional computer



 simulation  output  described  in Chapter 9.   These  estimates were




 combined with  published  information on plant capacity  to  produce




 emission  estimates  in  the units  pounds of  fluorine  emitted per ton of



wet-process acid capacity.   Table  3.1 compares  the  average of  these




predictions for the two ponds with proposed State of Florida




regulations.

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                                                         11
^ 10.0
 I
UJ
o:
CD
UJ
CO
CO
UJ
UJ
o

o
_i
u.
       1.0


       0.7

             70         80         90        100

         AVERAGE POND TEMPERATURE -°F
                                                            no
Figure 3.1
         Fluoride emission rates fe? ponds with water containing
         .336 g moles/liter fluorides»V^ind  speed at 16 meters
         in meters per second

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                                                             12
                 70         80        90         100

              AVERAGE POND  TEMPERATURE -°F
110
Figure 3-2   Fluoride emission rates  £er ponds with eater containing
            .628 g moles/liter fluorides V., « wind sp«ee at 16
            •eters  in meters per second

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                                                                     13

Table 3.1    Comparison of experimental average fluorine emissions with
             State of Florida Regulations
                                             Emission Factor (Ib/ton
                                               of Wet Acid Capacity
                                            Expressed as Tons of ?^
Pond 10 Predicted Average
Emission Rate

Pond 20 Predicted Average
Emission Rate

State of Florida [9]
Existing Plant Complex -
Excluding Ponds

State of Florida [9]
New Plant Complex with all
Wet Acid Processed to Granular
Triple Superphosphate on Site •
Excluding Ponds
                                                      .39
                                                      .49
                                                      .4
                                                      .17'
Emission limit calculation base
    1)  Wet acid plant — .02 Ib/ton x 1 T P^

    2)  GTSP plant — .11 Ib/ton P205 x 1.39 ton
        P00C in wet acid used in manufacture
                                                       in GTSP/ton

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                                                                      14



                   4.  MASS TRANSFER COEFFICIENT






                         4.1  Introduction






      No experimental mass transfer coefficient directly applicable to




 the evaporation of fluorine from ponds into the atmosphere has been




 reported, and therefore, methods of estimating a coefficient from




 other data were reviewed.  We11-documented correlations for mass




 transfer from flat plates into flowing streams which depend only on




 plate length, velocity and the stream physical properties are




 available.  Most of these correlations were developed from studies of




 short plates and cannot be applied without verification to a pond many




 meters long.




      Water management engineers have  correlated water evaporation rate  -




 a  mass transfer coefficient  multiplied by a driving  force - against




 wind  speed and  the driving force for  individual ponds.   These




 correlations are  based on actual measurements  of ponds,  evaporation




 pans,  and  lakes exposed to the  atmosphere.   However,  since they  are




 site-specific,  and in some cases season-specific,  the correlations  are




 unsatisfactory  for this  study.




     The empirical form of the mass transfer coefficient  correlation




 documented  in the  literature was  tested against evaporation measure-




 ments  for ponds,  lakes and evaporation pans.   The  resulting correlation




 is a general, reliable estimator  for the mass  transfer coefficient  of




water from ponds.  This  correlation was modified into one  describing




 the mass transfer  of fluorine from a pond into  the atmosphere by




correcting for the difference in diffusivity between water and fluorine.

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                                                                     15



                     4.2  Model Development






     A steady state water (or fluorine) material balance about a




stationary, constant pressure, fixed volume, element of air at the pond



surface (Figure 4.1) yields:






          y^ + A(wx)ky(yBi - yB) - (VB + Ayfi) (Hj, + AM^J - 0       (2)






where






     M,j, = molar flow rate of air plus  B  in the element of




          air space,




    AM™ = change in molar flow rate due to evaporation of  B




          into air space,




    AYg ° change in mole fraction of component  B  over element,




  A(wx) = pond surface in contact with the air space element,




      w = width of pond perpendicular to air flow,




      x - length in direction of air flow,




     k  • local, gas-side mass transfer coefficient,




     yB « mole fraction of  B  in  air space element,  and




    yfii • mole fraction of  B  at the air-pond surface interface.






     If the  assumptions are  made






     1)    the  molar flow rate of air plus component  B  is  constant




          (AMrp = 0)  (In the  case of water evaporation,  the  change




          in the molar flow  rate  (AtO   would only be  about  6%,




          if,  initially dry,  air was saturated with respect to




          water  at  100°F.),

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                                                                 16
            LAKE
Figure 4.1    Mass transfer across lake-air interface

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                                                                     17



     2)   y  .  and  w  are constant across the pond, and



     3)   the average mass transfer coefficient  k   can be



          substituted for the point coefficient  k  ,
                                                  y




then in the  limit as  Ax  approaches zero, Equation (2) reduces to
                 + kyw(yB. - yB)dx = 0  .
     Integrating this equation across the pond results in
               i " yBF
where
     x    = length of pond,



     yBI  = concentration of  B  in air at the upwind edge of



            pond, and



     y^  = concentration of  B  in air at the downwind edge
      rSr


            of pond.





Multiplying both sides of Equation (3) by  (yBF - yB].)  and re-



arranging, yields

                                'Si




where
      D = molar evaporation rate of  B  per unit pond area  .
      B


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                                                                      18
      The average mass transfer coefficient from a flat plate into a
 flowing stream can be predicted [2; 17, p. 487] from the Colburn
 Analogy when the stream is in turbulent flow.
 where
      C    • molar concentration of air,
      D    « diffusivity of  B  in air,
       SLO
      u    » air velocity,
      p,    » air viscosity,
      p    = air density, and
      x    » length of plate  in the direction of air flow.

 Since the  physical parameters in Equation (5)  do not change
 significantly over the range of conditions found in the  atmosphere,
 they  can be grouped with the constant

           ky -  a"u-8x"-2 .                                           (6)

      Measurement  of the gas  phase mole fraction of   B in equilibrium
with  the liquid phase   (y*)   is  much more convenient than measurement
of the gas  phase  interfacial concentration;  therefore, the driving
force  y* -  yD  is  usually substituted for  y,..  - y_ .   The applicable
             o                               ol    a
mass  transfer coefficient becomes  the average  overall gas side mass
transfer coefficient   K ;  K  is equal to k   for  a pure liquid such
as water.  When the content  of   B   in air does  not  vary  across the pond,

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                                                                     19



the linear driving force may be substituted for the log mean driving




force.  Finally, when the total system pressure is constant, partial




pressures may be substituted for mole fractions without affecting the




trends in  K .  With these changes and approximations, Equation (4)




reduces to






          K(P* - PB) = NB                                           (7)






and Equation (6) becomes






          K = au'8x"*2 .                                            (8)






     Equation (7) was used to produce 24 hour average estimates of  K




for Lake Hefner and four different evaporation pans;  K  estimates were




correlated against velocity as indicated by Equation (8) and the




resulting slopes and intercepts were examined statistically to confirm




the dependence of  K  on velocity to the 0.8 power and pond length to




the -0.2 power.






     4.3  Data Base for the Water Mass Transfer Coefficient






     In 1950 and 1951 the U. S. Government measured water evaporation




rates for Lake Hefner [27, 28].  The lake, Figure 4.2, is a water




supply reservoir for Oklahoma City with a roughly elliptical shape,




about 2.5 by 1.5 miles.  About 500 separate daily evaporation rates




were measured for the lake during the study.  In addition, daily




evaporation rates were measured for four class A evaporation pans, one




Bureau of Plant Industries (BPI) evaporation pan, one Colorado

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                                                               20
         2000
        FEET
     A  Meteorological Stations


Figure 4.2    Lake Hefner, Oklahoma

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                                                                     21




evaporation pan, and one Screened evaporation pan.   The physical de-




tails of the pans are summarized in Table 4.1.




     Evaporation from the lake was not measured directly.   It was the




calculated residual of all input, output, and accumulation measurements,




and therefore, very sensitive to small errors in these measurements.




Because of the potentially large effect of errors,  only those




observations with the smallest estimated errors were used to develop




the water mass transfer coefficient.  The Lake Hefner study personnel




estimated that 142 daily observations fell into this classification;




these observations had evaporation rate measurement errors of 0 to




about .03 inches/day.  The 142  observations were further reduced by




eliminating those where the daily average humidity driving force




was less than one millimeter of mercury, where the evaporation rate




was less than 0.02 inches/day and where the signs of the humidity




driving force and the evaporation rate did not agree.  One hundred




thirteen usable observations remained.




     One site on the lake perimeter (Station 2) contained all four




types of evaporation pan; experimental observations from this site




were used to develop the pan correlations.  The pan data for the same




142 days as used in the lake work were evaluated.  Again a portion




of the observations were discarded.  In addition to the reasons




cited in the preceding paragraph, observations were discarded if

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Table 4.1    Pan structural details
                                                                     22

Type
Class A

Screened
(^ inch mesh screen
over top of pan)
Colorado


Diameter
(Ft.)
4

2

3 ft.
sq.

Depth
(Ft.)
0.83

3

1.5

Relation of Water
Surface to Ground
Surface
(est) 15-18" above
ground
even with ground

even with ground

Bureau of Plant
Industries (BPI)
even with ground

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                                                                     23

rainfall occurred during the day or if the pan froze.  Over 100 usable

observations remained— .

     The partial pressure of water over the pans was calculated at the

arithmetic average of the measured maximum'and minimum temperatures.

The average water temperature at Station 1 was used to calculate the

partial pressure of water over the lake.

     The 24 hour average, 16 meter wind speed was chosen as the velocity

variable since it was the best available approximation to the bulk-

average wind speed.  Station 2 wind speed observations were used.  The

humidity measured at Station 2 at the two meter height was chosen as

the variable describing the partial pressure of water in the air for

two reasons:


     1)   The fluorine ambient air sampler to be described later was

          about two meters tall, and

     2)   preliminary evaluations indicated no appreciable humidity

          gradient existed.
— The potential errors connected with the discarded observations were
     large in comparison to the measured values.  For example, the wet
     bulb and dry bulb temperature could be measured with an accuracy
     of about 0.2°C.  On this basis at 80°F, the accuracy of the
     humidity measurement (the partial pressure of water in the air) is
     about 0.4 mm Hg.  The measurement accuracy of the saturation vapor
     pressure is about 0.2 mm Hg.  Therefore, if the apparent driving
     force was one millimeter, measurement errors could be over half
     the measured value.

-------
                                                                      24
         4.4  Water Mass Transfer Coefficient Development
      Linear  least squares correlations were developed individually for



  the  logarithmic form of Equation (8)






           log10K = Iog10(ax"-2) + b Iog10u16






  for Lake Hefner and each of the four evaporation pans.  The results




  and pertinent statistics are shown in Table 4.2.  Since values of  F




  larger than about 6.63 can be expected by chance only about one time




  in a hundred, these correlations are highly significant.




      The statistic
(SSEc - SSE1 -
                                        - 2q>)
         (SSE1 + SSE2)k
                                             ~ F>  n  + n  "  2q'
 where
      SSEc « error sum of squares  for the  correlation developed



             from both sets  of data,
          = error  sum of  squares  for  the correlation developed
     SSE
             from the individual sets of data




     q1   »  number of regression coefficients in equation (in




             this case, 2), and
     "2
          » number of data points in data set
was used to determine whether the difference between individual



correlations was statistically significant.  The BPI Pan and the

-------
                                                                     25

                                    a
Table 4.2    Summary of correlations  developed for Lake Hefner and for
             evaporation pans to describe the mass transfer coefficient
Data Base
Class A
Pan
BPI Pan
Colorado
Pan
Screened
Pan
Lake Hefner
Colorado +
BPI 4- Lake
Iog10(ax"' )
(Standard
Error)
-.1601
(.04390)
-.2994
(.04427)
-.3761
(.04041)
-.4786
(.05391)
-.3640
(.04326)
-.3486
(.02477)
b
(S tandard
Error)
.5839
(.06093)
.6985
(.06196)
.7938
(.05686)
.8323
(.07528)
.8162
(.06186)
.7727
(.03497)
lumber of
Observations
103
100
105
109
114
319
R2
91.808 .4762
127.927 .5662
194.905 .6542
122.211 .5451
174.119 .6086
488.254 .6063
3 logK = Iogl0(ax"'2) + b
     l0
        moles/hr m  mm Hg
  u., «• 16 meter velocity in meters/second

-------
                                                                      26

 Colorado Pan correlations were each compared with the Lake  Hefner

 correlation; the  differences were not found to be statistically

 significant at the 95% confidence level.   The three sets  of data  were

 merged,  and a new correlation was developed.  This correlation is also

 shown in Table 4.2.   The  merged data correlation was tested against  the

 remaining single  pan correlations.   Both  the Screened Pan and  the

 Class A  Pan correlations  were significantly different from  the merged

 data  correlation;  however,  the slope of the Screened Pan  correlation

 was not  significantly different from 0.8  as demonstrated  by the two-

 tailed Student's  t test.

      Finally,  the  two-tailed Student's t  test was used to show that

 the slope of the merged data correlation  was not significantly

 different at the 957. confidence level from the anticipated  value  of

 0.8.

      Figure  4.3, a plot of wind speed against mass  transfer coefficient,

 compares  the Lake, BPI, and  Colorado data against the best  fit, 0.8

 slope  line.  This  latter  correlation is the recommended estimator of

 the overall, gas-side mass transfer  coefficient for the transfer  of

water  from a pond  or  lake to  the  atmosphere.   In exponential form it is


          K =  .429 u'8                                             (11)


where  the units are


              gram moles fUO
          K • ~2	   i and
              M  hr mm Hg


          u_, » wind speed at 16 meters in meters/second.

-------
                                                             27
       5.0

   UJ

   CJ

   UJ   1.0
   o
   
-------
                                                                      28



                    4.5  Discussion of Results





      The statistical analysis has demonstrated that the evaporation



 rate of water from the lake and the BPI, Colorado and Screened Pan is

                 Q

 dependent on u..!  .  It further shows that evaporation rates of water



 from the lake,  the BPI, and Colorado Pan are the same.



      The BPI and the Colorado Pans are set even with the ground



 surface and open to the atmosphere as a pond is, so the fact that mass



 transfer from them is the same as from the lake is not particularly



 surprising.  The Screened Pan, which is also set into the ground, is



 covered by a screen that reduces the air turbulence above the water at


                                                               _ 2
 a given wind speed.  As a result the velocity multiplier,  (ax " ) ,



 would be expected to be smaller than the lake multiplier but the



 velocity exponent,  (b)  would not be expected to change.  Experimentally



 these trends were noted.   The Class A Pan sits about 15 inches above



 the  ground which makes  it more like a circular cylinder than a flat



 plate.   Wake separation can be expected to occur.   There has been no



 work done  specifically  to define mass transfer from a cylinder head;



 however, measurements of  mass transfer to fluids flowing past the



 curved  surface of cylinders,  rectangular bars,  streamlined cylinders,



 and  spheres  where wake  separation occurs demonstrates that in these



 cases the  mass transfer coefficient  depends  on velocity to the .5 to


                                            58
 .65  power.   On this  basis   the  observed   u*     dependency of the Class



A Pan's mass  transfer coefficient  is  reasonable.



     Equation (7) postulates  that  the mass  transfer coefficient depends



upon the distance that  the wind  blows across  the pond or pan.   The

-------
                                                                     29



correlation was based on laboratory studies of relatively short flat



plates.  The air velocity profile was developed after the air moved



past the leading edge of the plate.  In contrast air passing from land



to water already has a developed velocity profile.  (However,



differences in skin friction may cause minor changes in the profile.)



The effect of pond length on the mass transfer coefficient has been



statistically tested in Section 4.4 and found not significant.  However,



to test further for the length dependency, the ratio of the K's



predicted by Equation (5) and Equation (11) was calculated
.036 CD
       awV     vpD  '     P      16

         - -

          .429 u
                                                                   (12)
If the assumption is made that Equation (11) and (5) are the Same



equation, then  r  is equal to 1.0 and  x  is equal to 12,000 meters.



On the basis of the above calculation, the pans and lake have an



average mass transfer coefficient equal to the average for a flat plate



about 7.6 miles long.  In terms of magnitude, the value of the



average coefficient for the lake and pans is much smaller than for the



short flat plates used in the wind tunnel work.



     If the equivalent length  (x)  of the pans is assumed to be



12,000 m  and the lake 12,000 m  plus two miles, the ratio of the


                       _ 2
empirical values of  ax *   in Equation (11) should be 1.045.  Table


                                                    -.2
4.2 shows that the ratio of the average value of  ax *   of the BPI

-------
                                                                      30
                                             ty
 and Colorado pans to the lake value of  ax"*   Is 1.070.  On the basis

 of this evidence, perhaps a length effect does exist, but as

 demonstrated in Section 4.4, it is statistically insignificant and as

 demonstrated in this paragraph numerically unimportant in the

 estimation of mass transfer from moderately sized bodies of water.

      In the development of the mass transfer model,  three assumptions

 concerning the driving force were made:

      1)   The water content of the air did not vary  across

           Lake Hefner.

      2)   The water content of the air did not vary  vertically.

      3)   The lake water temperature,  and hence the  equilibrium

           water partial pressure,  is  constant  across the lake.


 None  of these assumptions  is strictly  correct; however,  the  errors

 introduced in using  them are of the same magnitude as  the accuracy of

 the measurements  and  their  effects are approximately random.  There-

 fore,  their use in this study  increases  the  experimental variance  but

 does  not  introduce a  systematic bias.  For a detailed  analysis  of  the

 assumptions,  see Section 15,1.



  4.6   Comparison  of Correlation Against Other Available  Data



     Figure 4.4 compares the mass  transfer correlation developed in

 this study against some of the other usable  evaporation data [10,  18].

 In developing this graph most of the wind speed data had  to be  adjusted

 to the  16 meter speed using the wind velocity profile  estimates

developed for this report and assuming adiabatic conditions.  Within

-------
                                                             31
    :.  4.0

    UJ
    U


    fc   1.0

    8
    UJ
    LL
    CO
   CO
   CO
       0.5
                              I     I    I   I   I  I  I  I
                                          • Reference 10

                                           Reference L5
                              I     I    I   I   I  I  I  I
10                                      10.0

    WIND  SPEED  AT  16  METERS - M/SEC
Figure 4.4   Comparison of correlation against other available

-------
                                                                     32


the limits of the data and the experimental detail reported, the


correlation describes the data satisfactorily.




                   4.7  Previous Correlations




     Most theoretical equations in the literature which describe


evaporation from lakes and ponds begin by integrating the mass


transfer and the momentum transfer equations
               r dz ^ -
                                 IS 3.
rzi^
Jo -^ <
p
iz - (^ L1 du
p JO
                                                                   (20)
               P        P  vw




where





     N    «= constant = molar mass transfer of  B- per unit area,
      D


     T    = constant = sheer stress in air at air water surface,



     y    a mole fraction of species being transferred, and



     gc   = gravitational constant,





to the edge of the atmospheric laminar sublayer and eliminating  z  ,
         N   =   L        (V   . v  )                               (21)
           B              ly     y;  '                             ^  L)
    Assuming  the  velocity profile  is  described by




          u    ln


          u* ° "TT~                                              (22)

-------
                                                                     33
where
     u
      *
rojp »
              gc
     ZQ   SB surface roughness parameter, and

     Kg   = von Karmans constant.

Equation (21) reduces to
                       0  (In Zj/Z^Z   •

Equations of this form have several inherent flaws.  The primary ones

are the implicit assumption that the turbulent velocity profile

(Equation (22)) extends to the pond surface and the use of a number of

physical constants that hold only for laminar conditions with the

turbulent flow velocity profile.  The upper limit is also a problem

since Equation (22) holds to a maximum  u/U*  value of about 20 or a

y   of about 400; as discussed later, this limit is probably exceeded

at a height of less than 2 meters for Lake Hefner.  Finally  ZQ  is an

empirical term which must be evaluated for each site.

     Some workers have attempted to account for the laminar sublayer

with a two layer model [27, p. 59]:
         „
           B    „        S + Z
                              Q      l
                                  ~
                               0     wa
     S = thickness of laminar plus transition layers in the atmosphere

         over a pond,

-------
                                                                      34



 and still others have attempted to account for the effects of thermal



 gradients on mass transfer [27, p. 60]
      D    « empirical constant,




           > 1 for super adiabatic conditions,




           » 1 for adiabatic conditions,  and




           < 1 for stable conditions  .






 Equations  (23),  (24),  and (25) were  tested  in  the  Lake Hefner study




 with relatively  unsatisfactory results [27,  p.  65]; Equations (23) and




 (25)  predicted evaporation rates  twice the  observed values on the




 average.   Equation (24)  predicted evaporation  rates on the average




 12%  greater than observed.




      Strictly empirical  equations have been used to develop




 statistically significant  correlation^ [27,  pgs. 65, 133, 137]; these




 equations  usually are  of the form






          N - (p* - p)(a« + b'u ) .
                               A.





 However, the  correlation coefficients have  varied  from evaporation




 source to  evaporation  source as shown in Table 4.3.  This table




 summarizes  the pan and lake correlations developed in the Lake Hefner




 Study-'. _
21
— All velocity dependent coefficients in the table were corrected to

     the 16 meter velocity with the assumption that velocity varied as

     the 0.23 power of height (average for Lake Hefner).

-------
Table 4.3    Summary of evaporation rate equations developed by Lake Hefner Study Group
Days of Dependent
Surface Record Variable
Class A 266 N&
Pan
BPI Pan 288 N
Colorado 285 N
Pan
Screened 292 N
Pan
Lake 141 N

Lake (this 114 Kb
s tudy )
Regression
Independent Coefficients
Variable a1 b1
u,Ap .965 .261

u,Ap .585 .261
u,Ap .490 .286

u,Ap .240 .286

u,Ap .189 .219

u .266 .275

S tandard
Error9(g/moles
m hr)
.112

.092
.115

.113

.090
2
(gmoles/m hr mm Hg)
.49

R2
.85

.83
.79

.74

.89

.615

 N = Ap(a»
JK = a1 + b'u
             16
                                                                                                            Ui

-------
                                                                      36



      For comparison, the last row on this table is the linear



 correlation of mass transfer coefficient against velocity -




 K « a1 + b'u-g " using the same lake data base as the log correlations



 developed earlier.   The correlation statistics for this linear




 correlation of the  mass transfer coefficient are about the same as




 the log correlation developed in Section 4.4 but significantly poorer




 than the evaporation rate correlation developed during the Lake Hefner



 studies.  The  following paragraphs  discuss the reasons for the




 differences and show that the excellent  correlation of the evaporation



 rates  are due  to the use of  statistically faulty correlating  equations.



     The mass  transfer  coefficient  of Table  4.3 is  correlated as






           K -  a1 +  bu1  .                                            (26)






The product  of  the  mass  transfer  coefficient and the  appropriate



driving  force  provides  estimates  of the  evaporation rate






          N  = K(Ap)  - (a» + b«u)Ap  .                                (27)






In Equation  (27) the driving  force  is part of  the independent  -  KAp -



and both dependent  variables  - Ap   and  Apu  .   Because  the driving



force appears in every  term,  Equation (27) has  two  problems



statistically:






     1)   It contains a high degree of multicollinearity in




          the independent variables  Ap « f(Apu) ,



     2)   The form of the equation puts considerable strain




          on the assumption that the independent variables

-------
                                                                     37


          are non-stochastic; that is, no correlation exists


          between the independent variables and the error


          [16, p. 297-306].




     A high degree of multicollinearity in the independent variables


yields estimates of the least squares regression coefficients that are


imprecise [16, p. 380-391].  One measure of the degree of multi-

                             2
collinearity is to compare  R   calculated with and without one of the


independent variables.  If there is a high degree of multicollinearity,

      2
the  R   calculated for the model containing both independent


variables will be only slightly larger than one containing only one of


the independent variables.  In Table 27 of reference [27, p. 137], the


results of using the model described by Equation 27 to correlate a

                                                               2
set of observed Lake Hefner evaporation rates were reported;  R   was


.916.  Removal of the  Ap  term from the correlating equation reduced

 2
R   to  .914 , a  .002 change.


     To test the concept of non-stochastic independent variables,


Equations (26) and (27) are rewritten in terms of the true value plus


an  error term




          N - GI • (Ap + e2)(a' + b'(u + 63))                     (26a)




and



          N- e

         	       e. = a1 + b1 (u + e.) .                     (27a)
         ———^— — r^TC.
         AP + e£        4



Expanding the equations and eliminating error product terms - (e )(e.)


results in

-------
                                                                      38


           N " Ap(a' + b'u) + (e (a1  + b'u) + e,Apb'  + e )           (26b)
           — - a1  + b'u + JL + b'e  .                               (27b)

           Ap              Ap      3
      The magnitude of the error terms at the variable mean value are,


 in the British units of the Lake Hefner study,
           e2(a'  + b'u)  - .0228 in/D ,
           e3Apb'  -  .013 in/D  ,
              «  .030  in/D  ,
            ,
          — -  .097 in/D mm Hg  , and
          Ap
          b'e  =  .042 in/D mm Hg  .
When the data is analyzed in the form of Equation  (27), fifty five per-


cent of the "average error" is correlated with the independent


variables


            e2(a'  + b'u)  +
                 e2(a'+b'u)
                                       .55 .
In contrast only 30% of the "average error" is correlated with the


independent variables

-------
                                                                     39


              b'e,


            e	— - -30

            ~+ b'ea
            Ap      3


when  the data is analyzed in the form of Equation (26).  Although



neither model strictly satisfies the non-stoichiometric requirement,



Equation (27) puts more strain on it.  Therefore, the least squares



estimates of  a'  and  b*  made using Equation (27) may be in-



consistent.



      This exercise also yields a clue as to why so much of the



experimental variance is explained by the Equation (27) model; most of



the error was correlated with the independent variables.





       4.8  Fluorine Mass Transfer Coefficient Development

                  I



      Equation (5) shows that the gas side mass transfer coefficient for



small concentrations of the species being transferred varies from



species to species, only as diffusivity of the species in air varies.




            fl - (^>2/3                                           (28)
             af     af

where subscript





          f = fluorine,



          w = water, and



          a = air.





      Because the contents of a lake or pan are essentially pure water,



the assumption was made that the average overall gas side coefficient



was approximately equal to the average gas side coefficient
          ky = K .                                                (29)

-------
                                                                     40

 For fluorine in a pond this assumption must be examined.  The gas-side

 overall mass transfer coefficient can be written in terms of the two

 individual coefficients" :
               F + F                                              <30>
               K.    K
 where
          K = overall mass transfer coefficient,

          k  = mass transfer coefficient from the liquid-gas

               interface to the bulk of the  gas stream,

          kj = mass transfer coefficient from the bulk of  the

               liquid to the liquid-gas interface,  and

          M = slope of the vapor-liquid equilibrium line.


On the assumption  that  the volatile species  is   H  SiFg ,  the slope

(M)  can  be estimated;  according to measurements made by Tartera

[25], the slope for  H2SiFg  in water  is  1.15 x 10"3 at  77°F.  For

the liquid-side resistance term - M/^  - to  contribute even 10% of the

total value of  K   for  fluorine,  k^  would have to be 100 times less

than  ky  ,  an unrealistically small value.  This argument that  kx

does not  significantly affect  K , bolstered with the experimental

observation that the vertical fluorine concentration in the pond is

constant, makes the assumption tenable that
The following assumptions are necessary to write Equation (30) :  1)
  E  is independent of Ep 2)  the p

  there is no interfacial resistance
    E  is independent of Ep  2)   the processes are in series; and 3)

-------
                                                                    41



          £yf "  Kf •                                                (31)





     Therefore,  the  fluorine  mass  transfer  coefficient  is  simply  the



water coefficient corrected  for gas  phase  diffusivity  differences.



     No study, including  this one, has  documented  the fluorine species



evaporating  from the pond.   In order to estimate  fluorine diffusivity,



the  assumption  was made  that
         H2SiF6(L)  "^(g) +S1F4(g)  -
Since all work and results are in  terms of atomic fluorine,  the



effective fluorine diffusivity based on the above reaction should be
                                   2(.234) + 4(.1Q6)
               = .297 cm sec                                        (32)





at 77°F.  At the same temperature  (298°K) the diffusivity of water in

              O

air is  .248 cm  /sec.  Therefore, the overall mass transfer coefficient



for fluorine in air is





          Kf -  K(^)2/3 -  1.128(.429 uj|j)

                  aw
         Kf = .484 u                                               (33)





where the units of  K. are  g moles fluorine/M  hr mm Hg  and  u.c  is
                     t                                          16


the 16 meter wind speed in meters/second.   Other assumptions, such as



HF  is the only volatile species, would not yield grossly different



diffusivity estimates.

-------
                                                                     42

                      5.  WIND SPEED PROFILE


                        5.1  Introduction


     During the field measurements of ambient air fluorine concentrations,

 wind speed was measured at 3.05 meters above the ground.  Since wind

 speed varies with height above the earth for at least the first 125

 meters [6] estimates of the wind velocity were needed at


          1.67 meters - sampling height

          10 meters - stability class prediction

          16 meters - mass transfer coefficient prediction.


 In the following paragraphs the necessary wind speed predictor is

 developed.


                     5.2  Model Development


     Two empirical equations are generally used to  describe the

 velocity profile

             — • m log —                                            (34)
            Jj          J
and
            u.     z
where
         u    = velocity at height  z. ,

-------
                                                                    43
         z    = height above earth,  and
          i> J

         m,n  = empirical constants.



The log-velocity profile results from Nikuradse's  empirical velocity


profile work in the turbulent layer.  Pasquill [23] suggests that
          u/u* - 2.5 log  f-                                       (36)
                        e ^
where
    f = friction factor



describes the atmospheric velocity profile over a rough surface.


Knudson and Katz [17, p. 169] suggest  that Equation (35) fits the


experimental data for flat plates better than the log form at reduced


heights (y+) in the range



         400 < y+ < edge of boundary layer



where
The value of the exponent  n  in Equation  (35) seems to vary from about


 .2  for smooth plates or plates having wavy surfaces [17, p. 274]


 through about 0.22 for plates having "a few shallow indentations" up to


about  .32 for surfaces with well defined properties [17, p. 281].

-------
                                                                     44

  Theoretical  studies by Deissler as reported by Knudson and Katz [17,

  p.  165]  indicate  that the power term may be about 50% greater when the

  gas (air)  is being strongly cooled by the plate (inversion condition

  in  the atmosphere) than when the plate and air are the same

  temperature.  Strong heating (super adiabatic condition in the

  atmosphere) by the plate reduces the power term by about 50%.

     Y+ values for a number of the reported Lake Hefner velocity pro-

  files were calculated.  Estimates of  T  were obtained by extrapolating
                                        O
  the velocity profiles from 2 meters to ground level.   Even with 16

 meter wind speeds as low as  1.4 m/sec ,   Y+  values  in excess of 400

 were calculated at the 2 meter  level.   Since all the  Lake Hefner

 velocity measurements were made at 2  meters  or above  and since,  for

 the most part,  this  study is concerned with  wind speed at heights

 greater than  2  meters,  the Lake Hefner velocity profile data  was used

 to develop  a  correlation for the exponent,   n  ,  in Equation (35).

     From the  above discussion   n  should vary  with the temperature

 gradient  through  the atmosphere .    However,  .examination  of

 the  data  indicated that  n  also varied with velocity.  Neither

 Equation  04) or (35) predicts this dependency^'.


-An  equation U/UB {7/2 = 5.5 + 2.5 ln(^ UB  ff/2)  describing the

    velocity profile over smooth flat plates between 10 < Y+ < 400 does
    predict the dependency.  However,  it was not used to correlate the
    data because of the difficulty of estimating the bulk average wind
    speed, Ug  ,  (or T)  and because previous Y* estimates indicated that
    the Lake Hefner data was outside the correlation  range.

-------
                                                                    45



                        5.3  Data Base





    Two hundred eighty three three-hour-average velocity profiles



measured in the Lake Hefner Study [28] were plotted against height



(2, 4, 8, and 16 meters) on log-log graph paper.  A straight line was



fitted through the points, and the velocity profile exponent, "n" ,



was measured.  The data base was all usable data for about 40 days



chosen at random from the 142 days used to develop the mass transfer



coefficients.  Station 2 observations only were used.  Temperature



lapse (L), defined as the temperature at 16 meters minus temperature



at 2 meters, and the wind speed at 16 meters (u^g) were chosen as the



independent variables.  Wind speed measurements were accurate to



about .25 m/sec.  The maximum expected error in "n" is about 0.03.



Temperature was measured with a reported accuracy of 0.1°C.  The



experimental observations had the following ranges:





         -1.4 <: L <; 4.0°C
         10 > L/L. £ -30
                 A
         1.1 ^ u   £ 10.5 m/sec
                16
         .1 £ n <• .60





where  L  = -.134 C = adiabatic lapse.  The adiabatic lapse is defined
        A.


as the temperature drop that an element of air would experience as it



moved from a lower to a higher altitude (2 to 16 meters in this study)



expanding adiabatically.

-------
                                                                     46



                5.4  Wind Speed Profile Exponent






     Table 5.1 lists the various models tried.  With 283 observations,



 F  at the 95% confidence level is less than 3.9 for all correlations;




 therefore, the correlations are all significant.  As models (A) and




 (B) show, temperature lapse explains more of the observed variance in



 n  than wind speed.  Equation (E), the linear combination of lapse




 and wind speed explains significantly more variance than the



 independent variables do singularly.  No other combination




 significantly improved the estimated value of  R2 .  Therefore, wind



 speed variation with height is described by






           "1 - V^                                              09)





 where






          n - .2909  + .06154 (L)  -  .01164 (ulg)  .






 Equation I,  Table 5.1,  shows  the relation of temperature lapse  and




 wind  speed.  The two variables are not highly correlated;  however,  the




 correlation  is statistically  significant.   The  lapse  tends  to be large




 and positive at low  wind speeds  and  large  and negative at high wind



 speed.






         5.5  Discussion of Velocity Profile Exponent






    The velocity profile exponent - n - correlation is empirical and



developed for one site so the obvious question arises - are the numbers

-------
Table  5.1     Correlation of "n" —  the velocity profile exponent
Model
(Standard  Error  of  Regression Coefficient)                                              p        ^
A.  n =  .3313  -  .01805  U16                                                            77.20     .2155
       (.01303)(.002054)
B.  n •  .2236  +  .07315  L                                                             164.68     .3695
       (.005062)(.005700)
C.  n -  .2178  +  .1680 ^                                                              97.75     .2581
       (.005575)(.01699}6
D.  n =  .2196  +  .2342 —^—^                                                         43.97     .1353

      (.006050)(.03532)
E.  n =  .2909  +  .06154  (L)  - .01164 (U^)                                            114.47     .4498
      (.01154) (.005635)     (.001820)
F.  n =  .2911  +  .05945  (L)  - .01160 (U16) H- .00005237 (U1&L)                          76.07     .4499
       (.01158)(.01132)     (.001831)       (.002464)
G.  n =  .2954  +  .07927  (L)  - .008859 (L)2 - .01139 (U16)                              81.29     .4664
       (.01148)(.008197)     (.003010)       (.001798)
H.  n -  .3408  +  .05884  (L)  - .03109 (U.,) + .001530 (U_,)2                           79.88     .4621
                                       lo               lo
        (.02298)(.005684)     (.007939)       (.0006079)
         .6559  -  .1041 U.
        (.1157)  (.01823)
         temperature  16 i
    U16  =  ^ meter wind  speed  (m/sec)
I.  L -  .6559 -  .1041 U,,                                                             32.58      .1039
                        lo

    L =  temperature  16  m -  temperature at  2 m (°C)

-------
                                                                     48


 and trends predicted believable and can the correlation be used


 elsewhere?  From the Model Development discussion,  the following


 trends would be expected.




     1)   Since a positive lapse rate is equivalent  to the


          ground cooling the air,  n  should be greater if the


          temperature lapse  (Tlfi - TZ)   were positive and less


          if lapse were negative.  This  trend is observed in


          the correlation.


     2)   The lapse rate should  be more  important than wind


          speed.   In the correlation lapse  explains  more of


          n's observed variation than wind  speed.


     3)   The velocity profile exponent,  n ,  would  be expected


          to vary between about  .20 and  .30 when temperature


          lapse is zero.   The correlation predicts   n   of .28


          at the lower limit  of  observed  wind  speeds (1.1 m/sec)


          and .17 at  the  upper limit  (10.5  m/sec).




The  correlation  of  n does  follow the trends  that  are  predicted in


the model development.


    De Marrais  (6) has summarized  the available measurements of  n


for a number of different sites into four stability classes which


depend on temperature lapse rate.




         Inversion    j~~ < 0
         Stable .18 * (L/LA)
         Neutral .90 £ L/LA  ^ 1.
                          A

-------
                                                                   49

          Superadiabatic L/LA  £ 1.1  .


 The  n   data  reported by De Marrais—  was  compared  to  range values

 calculated from Equation  (39)  using De Marrais1  temperature ranges and

 this study's  experimental  velocity  range.   Figure 5.1  illustrates the

 comparison.   Each  different symbol  in this figure represents data

 taken at a different site.  Although the ranges  predicted by the

 correlation and De Marrais' values  do not  mesh exactly,  the agreement

 is good  enough  to  give confidence in applying the correlations to

 other sites.
— The observations of  n  differentiated as day and night in De Marrais'
    table were assigned to the superadiabatic and inversions ranges,
    respectively.

-------
       .8
       .7
Z
LU


1
X
LU

LU
_J
li.
O
ct:
Q.

>
K
U

3
LU
                   4-
                 W  Xi
                *
                                                                     50
                                       1    Equation (39)  range


                                            A
                                       •  *£/ V. 
-------
                                                                    51




                 6.  FLUORINE ANALYTICAL METHODS






    All fluorine samples were analyzed in the liquid phase.   The




samples were diluted to the concentration range of  10   to 10"^




g moles fluorine per liter before analysis with a fluoride ion




activity electrode.  The total ionic strength and Ph of the solutions




analyzed were controlled by adding 10 volume percent of Orion




Research Inc.  Total Ionic Strength Adjustment Buffer.




    Christ [4], in reporting the results of an interlaboratory




comparison on analysis of fluorine samples noted that the two




laboratories using the fluoride ion activity electrode agreed well




with each other.  One laboratory distilled fluorine from perchloric




acid to free the sample from interferences; the second used a buffer




to complex potential interferences and analyzed the solution




directly.  Examination of Table III of Christ's memo shows that the




analyses made using the fluoride ion activity electrode also agree




with both SPADNS (reaction of fluorine with Zn OC12 dye) and the




thoriim-nitrate-titration-after-perchloric-acid-distillation methods




for determining fluorine.




    Appendix 15.2 details the analytical procedure used in this study.




Five samples of pond waters and condensed fluorine vapor covering the




concentration range of interest were analyzed a total of twelve times;




the analytical standard deviation expressed as a percentage of the




mean value of the individual samples was 0.516%.

-------
                                                                     52

               7.  VAPOR-LIQUID EQUILIBRIUM TOR THE

                    POND WATER-FLUORINE SYSTEM


                      7.1  Literature Review


     Tatera's study [25] of fluorine vapor pressure over pond water is

 the only study reported in the open literature.  He worked with

 samples of pond water that had been diluted in the ratio of about

 1.5 volumes of distilled water to 1 volume of pond water [25 f- .

 Fluorine vapor pressure of mixtures of diluted pond water and either

 hydrofluoric acid (HF)  or hydrofluosilicic acid (H2SiF6) were

 measured.  Unfortunately dilution destroys any equilibrium that may

 have existed in the liquid phase and affects the fluorine vapor

 pressure as discussed in Section 7.2.

     Two other sources cite single values for fluorine vapor pr6SSUP6

 over pond water with  no description of the measurement technique.

 These values  are tabled below:
 Fluorine Vapor
   Pressure
 (x 10-6 mm Hg)
    1300
    13.8
 Temp.
64.4
77
 Pond Water
  Fluorine
Concentration
 g moles /L

    .632
    .526
Reference
   7
   1
The value reported in reference [7] is approximately the same as the
I/,
  Tatera, B.  11/10/72.  Private communication to W. King.

-------
                                                                    53




value measured in this study; the value of reference[ 1 ] is a factor




of 30 less than in the present study.






            7.2  Experimental Results and Discussion






    Fluorine vapor pressure curves were developed for the water in




Ponds 10 and 20.  These ponds were the subject of the field studies




which measured ambient air fluorine concentrations downwind of the




ponds.  Two samples of Pond 10 water taken about six months apart and




containing different fluorine concentrations were studied; one




sample of Pond 20 water was studied.  Vapor pressure was measured in




the Othmar Still described in Section 7.3.  Vapor and liquid samples




were analyzed as described in Chapter 6.  The measured fluorine




concentrations in the condensed vapor phase were converted into




vapor pressures as shown in Appendix 15.8.  The vapor pressure




measurements in Tables 7.1, 7.2 and 7.3     are shown graphically in




Figure 7.1




    The vapor pressure lines in Figure 7.1 were developed by plotting




smooth curves through the arithmetic average vapor pressure of each




pond water at each temperature.  More sophisticated curve fitting




procedures were not attempted because classical equilibrium theory




does not directly yield the form (parabola, etc.) of the curve.  The




curves in Figure 7.1 show two noteworthy differences from "normal"




vapor pressure curves.






    1)   The fluorine vapor pressure over the two different




         water samples from Pond 10 is not significantly

-------
                                                                 54

Table 7.1    Vapor pressure over pond water from Pond 10 containing
             .628 gmoles/L (11.9 g/L) fluorine
Temperature
°F
69.2
70.9
71.3
71.8
71.7
70.7
71.7
80.5
80.7
79.5
79.3
79.2
79.0
89.0
90.6
90.5
89.5
89.3
89.0
90.0
90.2
90.2
90.3
98.9
99.0
99.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.8
99.7
Total Pressure
ram Hg
14.72
17.38
17.70
18.08
19.64
18.04
17.10
26.28
26.42
25.99
25.35
25.50
25.44
34.75
37.12
37.08
35.35
35.12
35.07
36.33
36.46
36.72
36.69
47.50
45.57
45.45
49.12
49.26
49.36
49.25
48.93
Fluorine Partial
Pressure
(10~ mm Hg)
1009
1424
907
980
850
1253
1132
266
353
443
383
540
585
571
435
337
180
328
283
302
388
349
344
584
843
861
711
442
420
418
445

-------
                                                                 55
Table 7.2    Vapor pressure of pond water from Pond 10 containing
             .800 gmoles/L (15.2g/L)  flourine
Temperature
°F
69.8
70.5
70.8
70.4
80.0
79.7
79.5
90.4
90.6
89.8
100.2
101.0
100.8
Total Pressure
mm Hg
17.73
18.42
18.71
18.44
25.72
25.69
25.71
33.15
33.48
33.08
48.86
49.11
48.76
Fluorine Partial
Pressure (10~ mm Hg)
627
748
1340
1454
283
413
527
458
414
418
758
1010
981

-------
                                                                  56
Table 7.3    Vapor pressure of pond water from Pond 20 containing
             .336 gmoles/L (6.19 g/L) fluorine
Temperature
°F
71.0
70.6
71.0
71.0
71.0
70.5
71.0
71.2
79.5
79.5
80.0
79.8
80.9
90.5
90.4
90.2
90.4
98.5
89.5
89.7
89.1
100.8
100.6
100.3
100.1
100.3
99.7
100.1
99.9
Total Pressure
mm Hg
18.85
18.63
18.73
18.81
19.08
18.35
19.06
19.33
25.90
25.53
26.09
26.08
26.57
35.44
35.82
35.54
35.74
34.91
35.00
34.76
34.47
48.84
48.70
48.58
48.03
48.96
48.10
48.50
47.84
Fluorine Partial
Pressure
(10~6 mm Hg)
391
438
625
595
694
596
534
478
315
437
406
422
455
275
428
424
557
367
438
359
388
469
428
530
437
614
497
569
384

-------
                                                             57
      1000
   UJ
   CO
   CO
   UJ
   QL
   a.

   cz
   LU

   I   3°o
   o
                   1.
1.
                  70         80         90

                      TEMPERATURE-°F
                     100
        •  - Upper line - Pond 10

       ff>  - Lower line - Pond 20
Figure 7.1   Fluorine vapor pressure over pond water

-------
                                                                    58
           different even though the fluorine content of the
           two samples differed - .628 g moles F/L and .800
           g moles F/L .
      2)   The fluorine vapor pressure over water from both
           Ponds 10 and 20 have a common minimum in the range
           80-90 °F.

      Three potential explanations  for either or both of these
  observations are possible:

      1)    entrainment  or  condensation occurred  in  the
           equilibrium  still;
      2)    an  inert  fluorine containing species  in  the liquid
           phase was  analyzed as  soluble  fluorine;
      3)    several  different fluorine containing chemical
           species, not all equally volatile, are present
           in  the water and are in complex equilibrium with
          each other.

     The first of these explanations,  entrainment and/or condensation,
 is certainly  a potentially important  effect since  about 0.7 ml  of
 either refluxed vapor  or  entrained  liquid  per liter of condensed  vapor
 will  cause a  50%  variation in  the measured vapor fluorine  content.
 Entrainment and condensation were probably  primarily responsible  for
 the scatter in the experimental  results:  however,  this error source
was rejected  as a possible explanation for  the shape  of the curve for
 two reasons:

-------
                                                                  59

    1)   The still and the operating technique produced

         satisfactory results with the HF-H 0  system as

         documented in Appendix 15.3.

    2)   Changes in the vaporization rate at a given

         temperature did not result in corresponding

         variations in the measured fluorine vapor pressure.

         (Higher vaporization rates would be expected to cause

         higher entrainment rates which in turn would

         result in higher apparent fluorine vapor pressure.)


    The difference in the fluorine concentration in the two liquid

samples from Pond 10 may be due to a non-volatile, non-reactive

fluoride species, such as fine particulate matter.  If this is

true,  the vapor pressure curve for the two pond water samples can be

expected to coincide.   No work was done to demonstrate this

postulate.   However, during the vapor pressure studies a set of

observations was made which lends some credence to the postulate.  As

shown in Figure 7.2, the apparent fluorine content of the three

samples of  pond water studied decreased slowly with  time because of

fluorine precipitation-'.  The water  samples were stored in five

gallon, narrow mouth,  polyethylene bottles with water-tight, screw lids
  Since the results shown in Figure 7.2 were not obtained from a
    planned experiment,  the pond water temperature at the time of
    sampling was not closely controlled.  As shown in a following
    paragraph,  this uncontrolled variable may effect the conclusion
    to some extent.

-------
                                                                 60
\
(O

a
o
         1.0
    LU

    O


    O

    O



    UJ
    O  0.3
                 1      1      1     1     i      1     1     1      1
                                      Pond 10 .800 g moles/L
                                     Pond 10  .628 g moles/L
                            •  Pond 20  .336 g moles/L
                 I     I     I      I      I     I      I      |     |


                 2           6           10         14          18


                         TIME  IN   MONTHS
Figure 7.2    Variation of fluorine in pond water samples with time

-------
                                                                  61



at room temperature (estimated to average about 75 °F) .   Pond bottom



solids were initially present in Pond 10, .628 g moles /L ,  and Pond



20 samples but not in Pond 10, .800 g moles/L sample.  In this



sample a hard, plate-like precipitate formed in the initially clean



solution over a period of almost one month.   Enough vapor pressure



measurements were  made on the pond 10, .628 g moles/L  sample over a



nine month period to demonstrate that the drop in pond  water fluorine



content did not cause a change in the fluorine vapor pressure.



    To demonstrate the potential effect of a  three-phase



equilibrium between several fluorine containing species of unequal



volatility a two reaction model was postulated.
         H0SiFe   ?   SiF. + 2HF
          2   o           4
                  K

         X + SiF  J   X SiF
The first reaction postulating that all fluorine vaporized is HF may



be a reasonable assumption since Illarionov  p. 3]  measured a vapor



phase  HF/SiF,  ratio of about 12 for a liquid phase concentration



of 1.09% (weight) hydrofluosilicic acid in water.  The second



reaction, postulating the precipitation of a silicon tetrafluoride



compound has  no support in the literature.



    The temperature dependency of the equilibrium constant,  K. , for


                                                   o
Pond 10 water was obtained from the experimental 70 F.  data and the



assumption that the Pond 10 curve has the same shape as the one



calculated from Tatera's data on the system hydrofluosilicic acid -



water.  The hydrogen fluoride content of Pond 10 water was estimated by

-------
                                                                   62
 comparing the fluorine vapor pressure over it  with  the  HF-H20
 system.   Figure 7.3 shows  the estimated ionization  constant  for  Pond
 10 water as  a function of  temperature.
     In order to determine  the change  of fluorine  content with
 temperature, samples of Pond 10 water with pond bottoms  present  were
 held in  tightly closed polyethylene bottles at a  constant  temperature
 for 24 to  48 hour periods.   The aqueous phase was then analyzed  for
 total fluorine  content.  The results  of these  experiments, shown in
 Figure 7.4,  were used  to estimate the change in the SiF^ content of
 the pond water.  Substituting  the information in Figures 7.3 and 7.4
 and the stoichiometric  equation into  the equilibrium Equation (40)
                (HF)2(SiF4)
           Ki '  (H2 SiF6)                                           <40>
where
         K. = from Figure 7.2
                -(If
         HF/2  =  from stoichiometric relation
        AFT-70
                 excess SiF^ - increase in  total  fluorine  concentration
                 over 70°concentration from Figure 7.3 divided by 4

-------
  CO
  o
  u
                                             Calculated 70 F
                                               Value
                    Estimated Ki  for Pond 10
                         Water
\
                                              Ki for the
                                              H20 system

                                             (later1s [32] data)'
                              I
                   I
              100
   90             80
TEMPERATURE-°F
70
Figure  7.3    lonization constant versus reciprocal temperature

             Ki -

-------
                                                                      64
MOLFSXL
o -
<> 
-------
                                                                   65




          FT =  total fluoride concentration at  temperature  T






 yields a relation with  the concentration of HF  as  the only  unknown.




 Solving the equation yields an estimate of the liquid  phase  HF




 concentration;  from this,  the vapor pressure of fluorine can  be




 estimated.   Figure  7.5  compares the measured Pond 10 fluorine vapor




 pressures with  the  calculated values.   Although the  agreement is not




 good,  the calculated curve has all  the  trends  of the measured curve:






     1)    a  decrease in  the fluoride vapor pressures  from 70




          to 80  F




     2)    little or  no change in vapor pressure between 80




          and 90 F




     3)    an increase in vapor pressure  between 90 and  100  F .






     A.  further test  of the  two reaction  model was  made  by calculating




 a fluorine  vapor  pressure  curve for the diluted pond water Tatera




 studied.  For his system   K.^  was assumed to be the  same as the Pond




 10 water  K± .  Since dilution destroyed the solid-liquid




 equilibrium,  AF^-IO was  set e
-------
                                                               66
      2000
    X 1000
    v_^
    LU
    o:
    Z>
    CO
    CO
    UJ
    Of
       300
               70
           90

TEMPERATURE-°F
110
            > — — Calculated

            ——— Measured
Figure 7.5    Comparison of Fond 10 calculated and measured vapor
             pressure curves

-------
                                                                67
      4000
    C/)
    LU
    DC:
    Q_

    a:

    s.
1000
       600
                           I
                                I
               70
                               90


                    TEMPERATURE-°F
110
Figure  7.6
        Measured  (32) .5 g moles/L

     — Calculated this study .6 g moles/L




      Comparison  of calculated and measured vapor pressure

      curves for  a mixture of diluted pond water and

      hydrofluosilicic acid

-------
                                                                 68

Table 7.4    Pond water fluorine content of different wet-process  acid
             plants
Plant
10
20
30
40
50
Fluorine Concentration
gtnoles/L
.628
.336
.264
.338
.202

-------
                                                                  69




be used in the production of accurate emission estimates for most



ponds.







              7.3  Vapor Liquid  Equilibrium Still






7.3.1  Design. Operation and Accuracy




    The major considerations that influenced the choice of apparatus




used to  measure the fluorine-pond-water,  vapor-liquid equilibrium



are listed below:






    1)   Since there is an apparent fluorine interchange be-




         tween the pond bottom and the aqueous phase,  a pond




         water-bottoms slurry will be charged to the still.




         The apparatus must be able to handle a slurry.




    2)   The equilibrium relationships in  the pond water




         system should be disturbed as little as possible;




         therefore,  the liquid phase must  be much larger than




         the condensed vapor phase.




    3)   The volatility of fluorine in pond  water is small;




         therefore,  entrainment and condensation must  be




         avoided. A dynamic system if used  must handle large




         quantities  of gas.




    4)   Pond water  is acid (Ph 1.5);  it contains fluorine in




         a  form corrosive to glass.   Corrosion resistant




         materials of  construction must be utilized.




    5)    If a large  volume of liquid is used,  thermal  gradients




         within  the  liquid must be minimized.

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                                                                   70



     6)   The still should be relatively easy to construct and



          operate.






     Based on these considerations, the modified Othmar still shown




 in Figures 7.7 and 7.8 was constructed from glass.  All surfaces in



 contact with liquid or vapor were coated with a 70°C melting point




 paraffin wax.  Neither the coated glass nor the wax coating showed any



 signs of corrosion.  The surface of the armored thermocouple was




 slightly attacked during the experimental work.




     The distillation head was insulated with about 1/16"  of glass




 wool;  a 300 watt heating tape was wound over this  and both  layers




 were covered with 1/8" layer of glass wool.   The head skin-temperature




 was maintained about 30°F above the boiling  flask  temperature as




 monitored by a mercury-in-glass thermometer  inserted between the first




 layer  of glass  wool and the  heating tape.  Enough  superheat was




 imparted to  the rising vapors  that  no condensation was  observed  in



 the vapor line.




     System pressure was maintained  and  controlled  by a  Cartesian



 Manostat coupled  to a  vacuum pump.  A hypodermic needle was  placed in




 the vacuum tubing after the  condenser to provide the  air  flow necessary




 for the  smooth  operation of  the manostat.  Pressure  drop  across  the



 manostat  could be controlled to + .15 mm Hg  .  The differential




 pressure  across the manostat was measured with a butylphthalate




 filled manometer; the  low-pressure-side pressure was measured with a



McLeod Gauge.  The McLeod Gauge in the normal operating range could




be read to  . 1 mm Hg;  the manometer to  .15 mm Hg .   The total

-------
                                                       71
Figure 7-7  Photos of still  used in vapor liquid
            equilibrium studies

-------
                                                                    72
                                              To Pressure Measurement,
                                              and Control and Vacuum
                                              Source
   Distillation Head
       v   Thermocouple
         \^   ^—Vapor Line

       ,  \

           J
Conoenser

 Distillate
 Receiver
                                                             To Vacuum
                                                             Source
                                                          Distillate
                                                           Sample
                                                          Bottle
                                          Distillate Return Line

                                        2 Liter Boiling Flask


                                        Magnetic Mixing Bar

                                        Constant Temperature Bath
Figure 7.3    Sketch of still for vapor-liquid equilibrium measurements

-------
                                                                   73



 pressure in the equilibrium still ranged from 17 to  50  mm Hg  .   Still




 temperatures could be measured within 0.5°F with the copper-constantan




 thermocouple and available  potentiometer.   The  thermocouple was



 calibrated against thermometers  constructed to ASTM  E-l




 specifications;  the thermocouple's voltage  versus  temperature  curve




 was  not significantly different  than  tabled values [ 29] .   Operating



 temperatures were 70-100°F.




     An experimental study was  begun by thoroughly  cleaning the




 apparatus  and repairing  any wax  damage.   1600 ml of  pond water con-




 taining a  small  amount of pond bottoms was  charged to the  boiling




 flask.   The mixture was  thoroughly agitated with the magnetic  mixing




 bar  and a  20 ml  sample was withdrawn  for later analysis (all samples




 were stored in polyethylene bottles with air  tight screw tops.)  The




 still-thermocouple and the appropriate ASTM thermometer were immersed




 in the  constant  temperature bath which was  at  room temperature.  The




 thermocouple voltage output was compared with  the  calibration  curve.




 The  thermocouple was  then placed into  the apparatus  so that its tip




 was  1-2  inches above the bottom edge of  the distillation head  and




 3-4  inches  above  the  stirred liquid level.  The head heating tape was




 activiated  and the condenser cooling water  flow was  started.   Cooling




 water temperature was  maintained about 20°F below  the boiling  flask




 temperature.  The vacuum pump was started with the manostat pressure




 differential  set at  a high value and the by-pass on the manometer




 opened.  When the  total system pressure  dropped to about 75 mm Hg ,




 the manometer bypass was shut.  The manostat and the controlled leak




were set such that the total pressure in the still was about the

-------
                                                                  74

desired pressure and  the pressure  as measured by  the McLeod Gauge

was about  3 mm Hg.   (This  later pressure was found by experience to

give smooth manostat  operation without straining  the vacuum pump's

capacity.)  The bath  temperature was held constant at about 3° F

higher than the desired still temperature.  The experimental overall

heat transfer coefficient  for this apparatus wasabout 41 BTU/hr ft^

F ; a 3 F  driving force resulted in a boil-up rate of about 40 ml/hr.

Since the  operating volume of the distillate receiver was between

10 and 20  ml; the boil-up  rate is equivalent to 2 to 4 turnovers/hr.

    The intent of the program was to collect data at 70, 80, 90, and
   O
100 F; however, the system pressure adjustment equivalent to less than
 o
1  F was tedious; the result is a band of data around each design

temperature.

    After  the still had been operating steadily for about 3 hours

(2 hours for subsequent samples at the same still temperatures),

about 10 ml distillate samples were removed by manipulation of the

three way valve on the distillate receiver and the valves on the

previously evacuated distillate sample bottle.   (Distillate samples

were stored for later analysis in polyethylene bottles).  Since

evacuating the distillate receiver normally resulted in a 1 mm Hg

pressure surge,  it was always placed into the system before beginning

to measure the steady state time lapse.

-------
                                                                  75



 7.3.2  Demonstration of  the Still's  Capability  to Produce Thermo-



 dynamically Consistent Data




    Normally the quality of vapor-liquid equilibrium data is




 demonstrated by testing  measurements over a range of liquid phase con-




 centrations for thermodynamic consistency.  However, pond water




 composition could not be varied  (see Section 7.2).  As an




 alternative to the rigorous thermodynamic tests, the assumption




 was made that the production of  consistent data for the hydrogen




 fluoride water (HF-H20)  system would demonstrate that the still and




 operating techniques would produce good quality results for the pond




 water-fluorine system.   The HF-H20 system was chosen because hydrogen




 fluoride in water is a relatively non-volatile material like the




 fluorine compounds in pond water.  In addition it is chemically




 corrosive and can be analyzed in the same way as fluorine in pond




water.   Therefore,  materials of construction and analytical methods




 could be tested along with the still and operating technique.




    The work on the HF-I^O system showed that the still could produce




equilibrium measurements consistent with thermodynamic criteria and




the correlations developed from published data.   The details of this




study are reported in Appendix 15.3.

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                                                                      76

                     8.  AMBIENT AIR MEASUREMENTS



                           8.1  Summary



     One hundred  thirty two  ambient air  samples were obtained at  two

 pond sites.  Ninety  five  of .these were usable  in  the study.  Appendix

 15.5 lists  the unusable samples along with  justification  for discarding
                                                   Q /
 them.  Air  stability categories ranged from 1  to  5— and wind speeds,

 measured at  three meters  above the ground,  ranged from .9  to 6.3  meters/

 second.  Pond water  temperatures ranged  from 80 to 100°F.  Measured

 ambient air  fluorine concentrations, in  the  usable runs,  ranged from

 0.15 to 4.15 x 10"   g moles/cubic meter.  The  individual  run analysis

 of  the usable samples are  catalogued in Appendix  15.4.



                       8.2  Data Collected



     In addition  to  obtaining the ambient air  fluorine samples, the

 following measurements and observations were made in the  field.



     1)   Wind speed at 3.05 meters (continuous record)

     2)   Wind direction at 3.05 meters  (continuous record)

     3)   Wet bulb and dry bulb air temperature (one per hour)

     4)   Atmospheric condition (cloud cover,  radiation intensity,

          etc.) (one per hour)
— Air stability classifications used in this study are defined in the
     program listing in Appendix 15.7 and  in Turner [26, p. 7],  However,
     the later reference identifies the stability categories as A, B,
     etc. rather than 1, 2, etc.

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                                                                     77



     5)   Air stability estimate  (one per hour)




     6)   Pond water inlet and outlet temperature  (one to four



          times per day)




     7)   Pond water fluorine concentration (one per day) .






                     8.3  Pond Descriptions






8.3.1  Pond 10




     Pond 10 is a nomial 100 acre, roughly rectangular cooling pond.




Figure 8.1 is a sketch of the pond showing the sampler locations;




Figure 8.2 shows photos of the pond.  The fertilizer complex is 300




to 400 meters northeast of the pond.  No other identified sources of




fluorine emissions are closer than several kilometers.  The land beyond




the southeast and southwest edges of the pond is grass covered for at




least 300 meters, generally flat, and the same height as the pond




water.  Beyond the surrounding grass, the land is  flat and tree




covered.  The pond banks are dikes about 2 meters  above the water




level except the stretch around the 01 and 02 sampling sites.  The




finger separating the pond into hot and cold sides is about the same




height as the dikes.  Gypsum piles about 15 meters tall border the




northwest and part of the northeast sides of the pond.  Gypsum was not




being accumulated on the northwest pile during the test period and the




gypsum disposal ponds on top of the pile were dry.  The northeast pile




was used for gypsum disposal.  A gypsum pond of perhaps 50 acres




occupied the top of the pile.  The area around sampler 01 and 02




slopes generally upward from water level to about  8 meters above water

-------
                                                                     78
Study coordinate systen
                                                        Wind Speed and
                                                            Direction
                                                                 Recorder
         Figure 8.1    Pond 10 plot sketch

-------
                                                        79
      View along north west side of pond from sampler
      site 01
           View across pond from sampler site 02
Figure 8-2  Photos  of pond 10.

-------
                                                                      80



 level at 100 meters from the shore and then downward toward the




 plant.  Sampler 01 was set 10 meters from the edge of the pond.  Its



 base  was 0.0 meters above water level.  Sampler 02 was set 100 meters




 inland from 01 on a line perpendicular to the northeast shore line; the




 base of the sampler was about 6.5 meters above the water level due to




 the land rise.  The wind speed and velocity measurement sensors were




 about 110 meters from the edge of the pond at the crest of the rise.



 The base of the unit was 8 meters above the pond water level.




      Sampler 03 was set 100 meters beyond the southwest pond edge  on




 the dike between two dry,  limed-pond-water holding ponds.   The base of



 the sampler was about 2 meters  above  pond level.




      During sampling,   winds were usually southerly.   Overcast skies and




 squalls  were common;  3 and  4 stability  clasaifications  predominated.




 Wind  speed  at the  3 meter height  varied from about 1.5  to  6.3  meters/sec,



      The  pond level varied  about  10%  during  sampling.   Fluorine



 concentrations  in  the  pond  water  varied from .8  to .95  g moles/L.




     Around  the  cooling  pond  inlet, gypsum had dropped  out  of  the




 cooling water forming  wet flats.  The top  surface  of these  flats were




 typically less  than a  meter above  the pond surface.  Water  circulation



 rate  through  the pond was a nominal 33,000 galIons/minute.






 8.3.2  Pond 20




     Pond 20  is a 160 acre  irregularly  shaped cooling pond  constructed



on an old mine site.  Figure 8.3  is a sketch of  the pond; Figure 8.4



shows photos of the site.  The phosphate fertilizer manufacturing



complex is directly south of the pond.  The gypsum disposal area is on

-------
Magnetic
   -SO"
          Figure 8.3     Pond 20 plot sketch

-------
                  View south from site 02
                   View  east  from  site  02
Figure 8-4  Photos of pond 20.

-------
                                                                     83




the land mass in the center of the pond.  A secondary holding pond for




limed pond water is just north of the cooling pond.  Since the fluorine




content of this pond was about 5% that of the cooling pond, the




assumption was made in the data analysis that the emissions from this




secondary pond ware zero.  No other known source of fluorine emissions




is closer than about 4 kilometers.  The terrain in all directions is




flat.  The level of the pond was less than one meter below the edge of




the banks.  Small weed trees, 2 to 3 meters tall, cover the edge of the




pond bank although at least 15 meters of grass covered ground




surrounded each sampler.  Sampler 01 and the wind speed and direction




measuring devices were set at about the midpoint of the pond's west




edge, 21 meters west of the pond.  Sampler 02 was set along the northern




edge of the pond about 75 meters east of the northeast corner and 20




meters north of the pond.




     During the period of sampling, winds usually blew from the east.




Sunny skies and 1 and 2 stability classifications were common during




actual sampling.  However, rain squalls frequently occurred in the late




afternoon and inversions were common in the early morning.  Wind speed




at 3 meters varied from 0.9 to 3.5 meters/sec.




     Pond levels remained constant during sampling.  Pond water fluorine




levels varied from .34 to .47 g moles/L and seemed to be a function of




the amount of rainfall.




     Water circulation rate through the pond was a nominal 20,000




gallons/minute.

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                                                                      84


         8.4  Sampler,  Sample  Recovery and  Sample Analysis



      The sampler shown in Figures  8.5 and  8.6  has  a  capture  element


 similar to  the  one  used in the  automatic "HF Gas Analyzer"


 manufactured  by the Denki Kagaku Kecki Co., Ltd.,  Tokyo, Japan.  The


 Environmental Protection Agency evaluated  this analyzer and  concluded


 that  a  15 foot  tube length was  sufficient  to capture hydrogen fluoride


 quantitatively.   However,  the laboratory tests performed in  this study


 showed  a single,  15 foot unit recovered only 85% of  the pond water


 gaseous  fluorine  emissions from the ambient air.   Two 15 foot tube


 lengths  connected in series recovered  95% of the ambient air fluorides


 in  laboratory tests.  Calculations indicated that  three units in series


 might be  expected to recover 99+%.  As Figures 8.4 and 8.5 show, two


 capture  elements  in series were chosen as the optimum balance between


 recovery  and  field  portability.  Appendix 15.6 contains a detailed


 discussion of the experimental efficiency studies  on the ambient air


 sampler.


     The air  sampling rate was about 30 liters/minute which resulted

                                         3
 in a total one hour sample of about 1.8 m .  The fluorine content of


 the air sample was captured in about 30 ml of 2 g/L Na«CO, solution.


The liquid fluorine content was analyzed as described in Chapter 6.


The standard sampler field operating procedure and the standard sample


recovery procedure are also included in Appendix 15.6.

-------
Air  Inlet
1.67 M Above
 Ground
                                  Buret
500 ml-3 Neck
Flask «as-Liqui
Separator
7                                                  Sampling lioaru — 15
                                                  feet flat coil 6 mn
                                                  1' I.D. glass tubing
                                                  Sampler Post
Cubber Tube
onnecter
                                                                     85
                                                       tmeter 30 L/min
                                                            Rubber Tubing
                                  Air Bleec
                                   Valve
                                      Vacuum
                                      Gauge


                                      Vacuum
                                       Pump
         Figure 8.5    Ambient air sampler

-------
                                                        86

                    Sampler -  front view
                    Sampler   rear view
Figure 8-6  Photos  of ambient air samples

-------
                                                                     87

           9.   COMPUTER SIMULATION OF  POND EMISSIONS AND


                   AMBIENT AIR CONCENTRATIONS



                    9.1  Simulation Concepts



      The  computer  simulation described in this section develops an


 estimate  of the ambient air fluorine  concentration that a field


 sampler downwind of a  pond would register under a given set of


 atmospheric conditions.  The program  considers the period of time


 during which a single  field sample (Chapter 8) was obtained.  For this


 period it  combines the pond-water fluorine vapor pressure (Section 7.2)


 with  the mass  transfer coefficient (Section 4.8) and the wind speed


 profile estimate (Chapter 5) to produce an emission estimate for the


 pond.  This estimate is further combined with field measurements of


 wind  speed and direction, pond-sampler geometric relationships and
                             ^

 atmospheric stability estimates in a  standard atmospheric pollutant


 dispersion estimate.  The result of the calculation sequence is an


 estimated average ambient air fluorine concentration at the sampler


 over  the time period that an actual sample was gathered.


     The program simulates a pond as a maximum of 10 multisided (10


maximum), isothermal segments.  The sampling time in the simulation is


divided into 8 or less time periods.  (Time periods of ten minutes or


 less were used in this report since the vertical and horizontal


dispersion coefficients in the program are based on short period


observations [26,  p.  40-41].)   For each time period  each pond segment


is oriented with respect to the wind and broken down into 10 meter wide

-------
                                                                     88


strips as measured in the direction of the wind.  Each strip is treated


as a finite line source [26, p. 40-41]; its contribution to the total


estimated concentration at the sampler is calculated from the


equation





                                exp["   (-)2] '
                             u
                            Z S

where
     C(X,0,Z,0) - concentration at the sampler  X  meters from


                  the pond strip and  Z  meters above ground


                  level,


             q »  pond strip emission rate/unit width,


         a CT   »  vertical and horizontal dispersion coefficients,
          z y

         y ,y  •  cross wind edges of the pond strip,


            u  •  wind speed at sampler height, and
             s

             Z •  sampler height.




     Within a time period the contribution of all strips are summed to


produce the segment's contribution to the concentration at the sensor


and all segments are summed to produce the predicted concentration at


the field sampler.  The time average concentration is then calculated


from the equation

                        N1

                        E  e


          C(X,0,Z,0) -'i=ii
                          2  9,

                         1-1

-------
                                                                      89
 where

        Qi « length  of  time  period  i  ,

 C(X,0,Z,0)i -  fluorine concentration at  sampler during  time  period   i

 C(X,0,Z,0)  = predicted time average  fluorine concentration at  the
             sampler, and

        N1   = number of time periods.

 Figure  9.1  is  a  flow sheet describing  the computer simulation.  The
 program is  listed in Appendix 15.7.

                        9.2  Data  Inputs

     The data  input format is shown  in Table 9.1.

                 9.3  Output of the Simulation

     Normally,  the program output  is the single data sheet shown in

Table 9.2 which summarizes the program inputs and compares the measured

and calculated fluorine concentrations at the sampler.  If desired, each

pond segment emission rate per unit area and concentration contribution

at the sensor for each time period can also be printed.  Print 2 is

substituted for Print 1 in the Input Data Pack, Table 9.1.  This
printout is shown in Table 9.3.

-------
 t.
 >.
                 dUM) CM
GatovUC* po«4 ••«•••* coraor
          '  i no ll~
                                                     «ru
                                                          t-1.03'
U • «on»r U t* tW tectMMit lAtarwl.
A*rMa A* iacrv^Mt 10 tWt th* corMr !•
   tto *Mra*t f«tat U tte l
             limit «M« ^1  If M.
                                                  10 MMra •Loaf *Ud lia* >Urtla«
                                          «w " «. ClMC IMMMC) * 10 CM (OQ


                                                           ) + 10 «U (CM)
                         ti
                                  ftr MCk tlas period ««v«Lop
                                    lt» tktootfi tko >ti|i<
                                                                                                           «« «qaiitten for eb« vtnd-
                                                                                                                                            V % * V   S • •'
                                                                                     OHtr camr* fro. fortb«r«*t to DMTAIC eloebrlM and
                                                                                                                                                n«l tki unm hrtkin  tnm ml
                                            tlm F>rt*4 «c
                                                      U •«. |> t> t
                                                                                   !• tta itrtf 4owla4 of th« r*«*pc»tt
                                                                                   U Mp 4M't »U dM adbirat sir
                                                                                                                               GaI«MUu tta 4i*t«w«
                                                                                                                                       of dM «trl»
                                 Figure  9.1    Pond  simulation  -  ambient  air  concentrations  downwind

-------
CtlwUM • lia* r*Trmimltr to tbt vlad llM
-— s«.^.r

Tta* **"








C.1CIO.U tb. IratMctlo. of do r>rpondli>Ur ud ucb
of tin we pMd M(HU boonUrr Itau th>t boon) tto
'l cll— (kc> . blto.
7t - mt » be «t









CaleaUto tb. dlcUM. b»tM.n tb.
InuruetlMl ud tb. »1^ 1U*
2
^ ' ^
4^

                                                   Vltit tb» ntimtlm. olaUt. tb. I
                                                    v.rtle.1 dUpaniOD co.CflelMUf I , S

••• 

» OOMOBCntiM
••


f

*




C.U.UU tho «
of tbo >crlr
_, ln«l(l DolHclFrKipXCnO
fc "1..7 '.



-«—



CaleuUta tlM valM« of th* .talfht

Mfi)2
or,c*» • .

                                                                I
                                                   Pick out of ft. Ubl. 1. tb. pntn. tb. nlu. of I
                                                               lnc.t|nl
Figure 9.1      (Continued)

-------
                                                                     92
Table 9.1    Input format for simulation of ambient air concentration
             downwind of ponds
Card Number/
Spaces Used                        Item Described

1/1-5               Maximum allowable number of strip calculations with-
                    in a pond segment (program misexecution proctection)

1/6-10              Number of isothermal segments that the pond is
                    broken into (10 maximum)

1/11-15             X co-ordinate of receptor (meters)

1/16-20             Y co-ordinate of receptor (meters

2/1-5               Number of corners (sides) bounding an isothermal
                    pond segment (i)

3/1-5               The coefficients of line segment (j) bounding pond
3/6_iQ              segment (i); the order is F,G,H

3/11-15                     HY - F + GX

                    The total number of line segment cards must equal
                    E.  The line segment cards must be ordered in a
                    clockwise fashion around the pond segment

                    The sequence must bs repeated for each pond segment

4/1-6               Print 1 indicates the output format

5/1-2               Pond location code (numeric)

5/2-4               Sampler (sensor) identity number (numeric)

5/5-12              Date (alpha-numeric)

5/13-24             Start of sample period (alpha-numeric)

6/1-8               Pond water vapor pressures written as B required
etc.                y E  + Xx mm Hg

7/1-5               Pond water temperatures corresponding to vapor
etc.                pressures cited in N (°F) — B required

g/1-10              Measured concentration at sensor g moles F/M
                    written as y E + Xx.  This is also used as the
                    ambient air fluorine concentration over the pond.

-------
                                                                      93
Table 9.1     (Continued)
Card Number/
Spaces Used
                    Item Described
8/11-20
8/21-30

8/31-40

8/41-50

8/51-55

8/56-60

9/1-5
10/1-2
etc.

11/1-5
etc.

12/1-5
etc.

Inputs I through
subject receptor
   Wet and dry bulb temperatures  (°F)


   Source height  (meters)

   Receptor height (meters)

   Stability class (numeric)

   Velocity lapse rate coefficient (numeric)

   Number of time periods in a sample period (8
   maximum)

   Minutes in each time period (W required)
   Wind speed in each time period at 3.05 meters
   (miles/hr) (W required)

   Wind direction in each time period in degrees
   (W required)

Z may be repeated for additional estimates at the
for the subject pond

-------
                                                                94

Table 9.2   Simulation output sheet
         RUN SUMMARY -  AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND LOCATION CODE  10    SAMPLER NUMBER  02

 DATE 6/28/73     START  TIME  9:04 A.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
 AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   2    WIND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.   0.2330
 SKY CONDITION

 TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS    17.16  DEGREES
 TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   2.6 M/SEC
 AIR TEMPERATURE   79.5F  DRY  BULB   76.5F  WET BULB
 POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

 SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR  PRESSURE MM  HG
    1              83.0             385.0E-06
    2              84.5             381.0E-06
    3              86.5             380.0E-06
    4              88.7             386.0E-06
    5              91.5             403.0E-06
    6              94.5             460.0E-06
    7              96.3             510.0E-06
    8              82.5             389.0E-06
 MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
       9.98700E-07 fiBAU-i!CLE-E
                   ACTUAL CUBIC METER

 CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR  FLIORIDE  CCNCENTRATION
       8.89864E-07 G&AJJ-tICLE_E
                   ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                                               95

    Table 9.3     Individual area-time period estimates
                        Row 1   Contribution of pond segment to
                                calculated  ambient  air fluorine
                                concentration at sensor during
                                time period (g
                       Row 2   Fluorine emission  rate from pond
                                segment during time  period  (g
                                moles/nrmin)


                  CTOT/FNA  TABLE


            Tl        T  2        T   3        T  4        T5        T6


 AREA      0.49714E-06 0.28302E-06 0.43067E-06 0.50962E-06 0.50002E-06 0.48359E-06

    1      0.96890E-05 0.84769E-05 O.C4769E-05 0.90880E-05 0.84769E-05 0.96H9CE-05


 AREA      0.31180E-07 0.10494E-10 0.913A7E-09 0.12714E-07 0.40023E-08 0.38708E-08

    2      0.95858E-05 0.83866E-05 0.83866E-05 0.89912E-05 0.83866E-05 0.95858E-0^


 AREA      0.12600E-10 0.0         0.0         0.0         0.0          0.0

    3      0.9560CE-05 0.83641E-C5 0.83641E-05 O.B9670E-05 0.836*1E-05 0.95600E-05


 AREA     O.A3301E-08 0.0         O.U613E-10 0.99182E-09 0.14920E-09 0.1A430E-09

   *     0.97148E-05 0.8^995E-05 0. 84995E-05 0.91122E-05 0.84995E-05 0.971A8E-05


 AREA     0.14981E-06 0.21499E-08 0.24878E-07 0.10266E-06 0.55965E-07  0.54126E-C7

   5     0.10153E-04 0.88831E-05 0.88831E-05 0.95234E-05 0.88831E-05  0.10153E-04


 AREA     0.17519E-06 0.32760E-06 0. 391976-06 0.27547E-06 0.35327E-06 0.3A167E-06

   6     0.11623E-04 0.10169E-04 0.10169E-OA 0.10902E-OA 0.10169E-04 0.11423E-0«


AREA     0.20852E-09 0.55809E-07 0.14U9E-07  0.13490E-08  0.482A3E-08 0.46658E-08

   7     0.12913E-04 0.11297E-04 0.11297E-04  0.12112E-04  0.11297E-OA 0.12913E-OA


AREA     0.78498E-09 0.16105E-06 0.42848E-07  O.A2137E-08 0.16351E-07 0.15813E-07

   8     0.97921E-05 0.85672E-05 0.85672E-05  0.91848E-05 0.85672E-05 0.97921E-05

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                                                                     96


            10.  VERIFICATION OF THE POND SIMUIATION




                       10.1  Verification




     The ninety five usable measurements of fluorine ambient air


concentrations are tabulated on individual data summary sheets  in


Appendix 15.4.  These sheets contain both the measured fluorine ambient


air concentrations and the values predicted by the computer simulation


described in Chapter 9.  Figure 10.1 and 10.2 compare the measured and


the predicted ambient air fluorine concentrations for each pond


individually.


     Equations of the form




          (Calculated) » aV + bV  (measured)                         (42)




were fit with least squares techniques  to the data for each pond; the


results are shown in Table 10.1.  If the simulation  is an accurate


prediction of the ambient air concentration downwind of the pond, the


expected form of Equation (42) is




          (Calculated)- 0-1-1.0 (measured).




     The two tailed Student's t test was used to  compare statistically


the best estimates of  aV  and  bv   (Ec4uation (42))  against the


expected value of zero and one.   These  tests, summarized in Table 10.2,

                                                v     uv
show that none of the best-estimate  values of  a   or  b   are


significantly different from the  expected values  at  the 95%


confidence level.  That is, the calculated value  of  the ambient air

-------
                                                                 97
    O
    UJ
                  Measurements not used in
                   data analysis
                                 2          3

                                 MEASURED
Figure 10.1    Pond 10 measured versus calculated ambient air concen-
              trations at samplers xlO~° g moles/or

-------
        2.0
    O
    LU
                                                                 98

        1.0
                                                      2.0
                              MEASURED
Figure  10.2    Pond 20 measured versus  calculated ambient air
              concentrations at samplers x!0"6 g moles/m3

-------
                                                                    99
Table 10.1    Least  squares  regressions of calculated ambient air
              fluorine  concentrations on measured concentrations
Pond
10
20
bv
(Standard Error)
.2536 .9122
(.16825) (.06346)
.1043 .9888
(.15425) (.12911)
Number of
Observations F
50 206.58
37 58.649
R2
.81145
.62626

-------
                                                                    100

Table 10.2    Testing the coefficients of the least squares regressions
              of the calculated fluorine concentration on the measured
              fluorine concentration with the student's t test to
              determine if av - 0 and bv - 1


Fond
10
20
Value of
t For
V
a
1.507
.67626


Significant3
No
No
Value of
	 t For
b
1.383
.0868


Significant*
No
No
aAt 95% confidence level

-------
                                                                    101



fluorine concentration downwind of a pond is statistically the same as



the measured value.






                 10.2  Background Concentrations






     In the Pond 10 studies six samples were taken at Station 03 when




this station was upwind of the pond, that is, when the wind was blowing




from the south.  These runs are tabled at the end of Appendix 15.4.




Three samples showed no ambient air fluorine content; three samples


                             "ft          3
showed an average of 0.8 x 10"  g moles/m  of fluorine not emitted




from the pond.  The source of this fluorine was not identified; however,




it is possible that fluorine contaminated water got into the water



course just southwest of the sampler.  If this is the fluorine source



measured by the 03 sampler, the contribution of this source to the




measured fluorine concentration at sampler 01 can be approximated by




the ratios of the vertical dispersion coefficients
          AC
            01     Q3rT
            01     °3 CTZ-  01
                       —6          o

                .8 x 10   g moles/m
          a  -    = 44 (3 stabilit:y»  .6 kilometers)
           z
          °z -03  = 7'7 (3 stat>ility,  .1 kilometers)
                         f          O


              - .14 x 10"  g moles/m   .

-------
                                                                     102
 Since the measured concentrations at sampler 01 was usually over

       —fi          *?
 2 x 10   g moles/m , the contribution of the source upwind of


 sampler 03 approaches the experimental error level.


      The variation in wind and the topography of Pond 20 prevented


 the location of samplers upwind of the pond.  However, three ambient


 air fluorine samples were taken under conditions that calculation


 shows that the pond did not contribute to the measured fluorine


 concentration.  These samples can be used to predict the background


 concentration.  The average measured concentration of the samples is

         —6                      1
 .36 x 10   g moles of fluorine/m ; the estimated stability


 classification is 5 during all three sampling periods.  However, most


 of the measurements were made with 1 and 2 stability classifications.


 If the assumption is made that the fluorine measured during the three


 sampling periods  was coming from an infinite line source 4 kilometers


 away,  then the ratio of the measured background  value when the


 stability class is 5 to the value when the  stability class is  2 is


 equal  to the  ratio of the vertical dispersion coefficient at 4 kilo-


 meters.   With the  above  assumption about the fluorine source,  the


 estimated background  ambient  air concentration,  when the air


 stability category is 2,  is  .036  x 10"   g moles  fluroine/meter .  Since

                                                         •6          ^
 most measured 'concentrations were in  the  .25 to  2.0  x 10    g moles/m


 range, a background concentration of  this level has  an insignificant


effect on the study's conclusions.

-------
                                                                    103
                        10.3  Conclusions

     Based on the demonstration that the measured and predicted
values of ambient air fluorine concentrations downwind of two
different ponds are not significantly different and that "background"
or sources other than the pond did not contribute significantly to
the measured values, the conclusion is reached that the pond
simulation and its component parts is an accurate representation of
the pond and the dispersion of fluorine downwind of the pond.

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                                                                     104


                      11.  EMISSION ESTIMATES





                         11.1  This Study





      In Chapter 10 it was demonstrated that the pond emission and



 ambient air fluorine concentration simulation could accurately predict



 fluorine concentrations downwind of ponds.  Therefore, the calculation



 procedures used in the simulation can be used to produce valid pond


 emission estimates.



      Figure 1.1 and 1.2 are the calculated emission estimates.  These



 estimates were calculated from the equation





           Nf - Kf (p* -  P)





 where





           K- - 1.96 x 103u:® - ~ - —                       (33)
            f              16 acre-day-mm Hg                       v  '



           u_,  » velocity at  16 meters  in meters/sec





           p*  » fluorine partial  pressures  from the vapor



                pressure curves  (Figure  7.1)



           p   » ambient air  fluorine partial pressure
The solid portions of  the emission estimate  lines are calculated  from



pond water temperatures and wind speeds actually experienced in the




—'Typical values of (p*-p) observed in Chapter 10 were (700-30) x 10"6;

     therefore, the approximation p « 0 seems reasonable

-------
                                                                    105

field.  Therefore,  these portions,  based on Chapter 10,  are sub-

stantitated by field measurements.


                       1.1.2  Other  Studies


     Cross and Ross [5] placed a floating greenhouse on a pond,  drew

air through it and measured the fluorine concentration in the air

leaving it.  From these measurements they calculated a pond emission

factor of 0.16 Ib/acre day.  The flow patterns in their sampler are

complex, so testing their results against theoretical calculations is

impossible.  Tatera [25] and the authors of AP 57 [ 1] report emission

estimates based on wind tunnel studies.  Tatera1s wind tunnel was

rectangular, and the one used in the study reported in AP-57 was

semicircular— .  In either configuration, secondary flows

perpendicular to the major flow are likely to occur [17, p. 207-209]

when conditions are turbulent.  These flows make direct comparison

between studies difficult.

     AP-57 experimented with temperatures in the range 50  to 75°F.

The correlation line shows a rising trend over  the entire  range;

however, the raw data are not presented so a re-evaluation of the

trends  is  impossible.

     Tatera plots emission rates developed from his wind tunnel work

against pond water  temperature  in  two figures reproduced here as

Figure  11.1.  Tatera correlated the data as straight lines.  Study of
—Crane, George.  July, 1971.  Environmental Protection Agency,
     Division of Applied Technology.  Private communication.

-------
                                                        106
   20
    16
    12
s.
LU
a:
LU
            73
77
81
85
89
93
97
      The Effect of Temperature on Fluoride Emission From Gypsum
                      Slurry Water
                   77     81     85      89     93

                          TEMPERATURE -°F
The Effect of Temperature on Fluoride Emission From Process Water
                                    97

-------
                                                                    107



the figures shows that the data points around 85°F consistently fall




below the correlation line.  This indicates that a concave upward




(u shaped) curve such as predicted in this study would fit the data




better.  In one set of experiments the gas-flow was laminar (10 ft/




min).  Under the laminar regime the secondary flows do not occur.




In these experiments, Tatera's results showed the same trend of




emission factors (E) with temperature as this study -





E75°F > E95°F > E85°F '

-------
                                                                    108




                        12.  FUTURE WORK






     The recommendations for additional work in this section are




divided into two parts:






     1)   Studies that are extensions of this work.




     2)   Studies that are off-shoots of this work.






                        12.1  Extens ions






     The study reported here has proven that ponds are fluorine




emitters of considerable magnitude when compared to other sources in




well-controlled wet-process acid plants.  The next logical step in




developing a control strategy is to answer the question - "What are




the benefits and costs of controlling these fluorine emissions?"  A




study to develop an answer to the question is obviously multi-




disciplinary; it will involve specialists drawn from the broad




disciplines of engineering, biology, and meteorology.  Since all




disciplines are represented on campus, the university could answer




the question posed above.  The Engineering School, Design Center would




seem to this author to be the appropriate group to co-ordinate the




on-campus efforts and to seek EPA funding.




     The cost-benefit study in addition to answering the primary




question may identify knowledge, gaps, or technology problem areas.




(For example, the study might conclude that control costs are too high




or that insufficient information exists to translate ambient air




fluorine concentrations into yield losses in orange groves.)  These

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                                                                      109
  areas  of  potential  research  should be  listed  in order of  priority
  along  with  the  two  areas of  specific research suggested by  this
  report (see  the  following paragraph) to determine the most  profitable
  areas  for further work.
      Two  specific areas for  additional studies  suggested by this
  report are:

      1)   A study to define  the chemistry of  the pond water
           system should be considered.   In addition, to
           rationalizing the »u-shaped"  vapor pressure curve,
           this study may yield clues to advanced control
           methods.
      2)   Additional vapor-pressure,  ambient-air measurements
           should be  considered for verification of and  to  add
           to the existing  data base.

 However, as  suggested in the  preceding  paragraph,  funding  this work
 should  await  the  completion of the benefit-cost  study so that the
 importance to  the  entire control strategy  of expanding the technical
 data  base  can  be  evaluated along with the  data deficiencies  brought to
 light by the cost-benefit study.

                         12.2  Offshoots

      This  study has developed  techniques, experience and computer
programs to measure and evaluate emissions from diffuse sources.  At
present, complex sources - parking lots  - are  the most important
diffuse sources for which EPA had developed control strategy.  This

-------
                                                                     110



author would recommend that EPA consider funding studies which would




measure complex source emissions, using the methods of this study, to




expand the complex source data base.

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                                                                    Ill



                        13.  NOMENCLATURE






A.J.           Coefficients of van Laar equation defined in Equations



              (56) and  (57).




a-j^            Activity coefficient of water in liquid phase



a^            Activity coefficient of hydrogen ion



ap            Activity coefficient of fluorine ion




ajjp           Activity coefficient of hydrogen fluoride




a",a          Constants defined by Equations (6)  and (8) respectively




a1            Empirical constant defined by Equation (26)




a             Empirical constant defined by Equation (42)



b             Statistical velocity exponent defined by Equation (9)




b1            Empirical constant defined by Equation (20)



b             Empirical constant defined by Equation (42)



c(x,y,z,h)    Concentrations at a sampler  x  meters downwind of a




              source,  y  meters from a line through the source in the




              direction of the wind, and  z  meters above the ground;




              source  h  meters above the ground



c(x,y,z,h)    Time average value of  c(x,y,z,h)




c             Molar concentration




D             Empirical constant, Equation (25)



DflB           Diffusivity of  B  in air



D             Diffusivity of water in air
 aw


D £           Diffusivity of fluorine in air




D „„          Diffusivity of hydrogen fluoride in air




DaSiF         Diffusivity of silicon tetrafluoride in air

-------
                                                                     112
 D         Sampler tube diameter
  T
 E         Sampler efficiency


 f         Friction factor


 G         Excess molal free energy of solution


 gc        Gravitational constant


 K         Overall gas side mass  transfer coefficient  for water


 KF        Overall gas side mass  transfer coefficient  for fluoride


 Ki        Equilibrium constant defined by Equation  (40)


 Ka        Equilibrium constant defined by Equation  (41)


 Kj        Equilibrium constant defined by Equation  (48)


 Kg        Von Karmon's constant  (0.4)


 KT        Equilibrium constant defined in Section 7.2


 ^1        Average liquid  side mass  transfer coefficient


           Local  gas  side  mass transfer coefficient


  y        Average gas  side mass  transfer coefficient


 &aw        Average gas  side mass  transfer coefficient describing the


           transfer of  water in air



 kgf        Average gas  side mass  transfer coefficient describing the


           movement of  fluorine in air


 L         Temperature  lapse - air temperature measured at 16 meters


           minus  air  temperature measured at 2 meters


 LA        Adiabatic  temperature lapse  defined in Chapter 5


M         Slope of vapor  liquid equilibrium line


Mr,        Total molar  flow  rate of gas or vapor


m         Empirical  constant defined by Equation (34)



N         Molar mass transfer rate per unit pond surface area of water


           from pond  to atmosphere

-------
n
n1
                                                                    113



          Molar mass transfer rate per unit pond surface area of




          fluorine from pond to atmosphere




          Molar mass transfer rate per unit pond surface area of




          component B from pond to atmosphere




          Number of time periods




          Wind speed profile predictor exponent - empirical variable



          defined by Equation (35)




          Number of experimental observations in a data set




P         Total system pressure




P£        Vapor pressure of i




PF        Vapor pressure of HF




PQ        Vapor pressure of water




P         Partial pressure of water in the atmosphere above a pond




$-p        Partial pressure of fluorine in the atmosphere above a pond




PB        Partial pressure of component B in the atmosphere above a pond




P*        Partial pressure of water in equilibrium with pond water




P£        Partial pressure of fluorine in equilibrium with pond water




P*        Partial pressure of component B in equilibrium with pond water




q         Pond emission rate per unit width




q1        Number of regression coefficients in an equation



R         Gas law constant




R£        Amount of fluorine recovered in a sampler




S         Thickness of laminar plus  transition sublayers in air over pond



T         Absolute temperature




u         Wind speed or air velocity




^        Wind speed at edge of laminar sublayer

-------
                                                                     114



  ux       Wind speed at height x above ground or pond




  U*       Friction velocity, Ag /p




  Y1Y2      Perpendicular distance from a line through a sensor parallel



           to the wind to the edge of the pond




  Y         Dimensionless distance, zu*p/u




  vBi       Mole fraction of B at the air pond interface '




  Yt        Mole fraction of water at the air pond interface



 YB        Mole fraction of B in air




 YBI       Mole fraction of B at upwind end of pond




 YBF       Mole fraction of B at downwind end of  pond




 YBl       Mole fraction of B at edge of laminar  sublayer



 VT        Volumetric  flow rate  in sampler




 w         Width of pond perpendicular to  the direction of wind flow




 X^        Liquid phase  mole fraction of water




 XF        Liquid phase mole fraction of fluoride ion




 XH        Liquid phase mole fraction of hydrogen ion




 X^       Liquid phase mole fraction of hydrogen fluoride




 x         Sampler  tube length




 x         Length of pond or plate in  direction of air flow




 z         Vertical distance  above pond




 z-^         Edge of laminar sublayer




 Z          Sampler height




Z0         Surface roughness parameter




Y         Activity coefficient




6         Time

-------
                                                                    115
(j,             Air viscosity

p             Air density

az>ay         Vertical and horizontal dispersion coefficients
T             Sheer stress in air at air water surface

-------
                                                                    116

                     14.  LIST OF REFERENCES
 1.   Atmospheric Emissions From Wet-Process Phosphoric Acid
          Manufacture (AP-57).  April 1970.  U. S. Government Printing
          Office, Washington, D. C.

 2.   Bird, R., W. Stewart, and E. Lightfoot.  1960.  Transport
          Phenomena.  John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York City,
          New York.

 3.   Brosheer, J. C., F. A. Lenfestz, and K. L. Elmore.  1947.  I &
          EC, 39, #3, p. 423.

 4.   Christ, H.  August 23, 1972.  Interlaboratory Comparison on
          Analysis of Fluoride, (Chief,  Source Sample Analysis Section).
          Memorandum to Route List.  Environmental Protection Agency,
          Research Triangle Park, N.C.

 5.   Cross, F. Z., Jr. and R. W. Ross.  January 1969.  New developments
          in fluoride emissions from phosphate processing plants.   J.
          Air Pollution Control Assoc. 19(1):15-17.

 6.   DeMarrais, G.  April 1957.  Windspeed profiles at Brookhaven
          National Laboratory.   Journal  of Meteorology 16:181-189.

 7.   Elfers, L.  December 31, 1968.  Fluoride Analysis of Gyp Pond
          Water.  (Chemist, Special Projects Unit).  Memorandum  to  J.
          Rom and G. Crane.  National Air Pollution Control
          Administration, Cincinnati, Ohio.

 8.   Engineering and Cost Effectiveness  Study of Fluoride Emissions
          Control.  January 1972.  Vol.  1, PB 207-500.  National
          Technical Information Service, U. S. Department of  Commerce,
          Springfield, Virginia.

9.   Florida Administrative Code, Air Pollution Chapter 17-2.
          December 1971.  Proposed Revisions, Florida Department of
          Pollution Control,  Tallahassee,  Florida

10.  Harbeck, G., Jr.  1959.   The Effect of the Addition of Heat From  a
          Plant on the Thermal  Structure and Evaporation of Lake
          Colorado City, Texas.  (Geological Survey Professional Paper
          272-B.)  U. S. Government Printing Office,  Washington, D. C.

11.  Hognes,  T.  and W. Johnson.  1954.  Ionic Equilibrium as Applied to
          Qualitative Analysis.  Third Edition.   Henry Holt and  Company,
          New York City, New  York,  p. 132.

-------
                                                                    117

12.  Hougen, 0. A.  1959.  Chemical Process Principles,  Second Edition.,
          Part II.  John Wiley and Sons,  New York,  New York.


13.  Illarionov, V.  1963.  Zh. Prikl. Khim.  Vol.  36, p.  237-41.

14.  Kent, J.  1974.  Riegel's Handbook of Industrial Chemistry,
          Seventh Edition.  Van-Nostrand-Reinhold Company,  New York
          City, New York, p. 546-548.

15.  Khoidonkov, N., L. Linetzkaza, and A. Bognovarov.  1939.   J.
          Applied Chem. (USSR), 9, 439.  (As tabled in APTD 0944,
          Engineering and Cost Effectiveness Study  of Fluoride
          Emissions, Vol. II.)

16.  Kitnenta, J.  1971.  Elements of Econometrics.   The  Macmillan
          Company, New York City, New York.

17.  Knudson, J. and D. Katz.  1958.  Fluid Dynamics and Heat  Transfer.
          McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York  City, New York.

18.  La Her, V. K.  1962.  Retardation of Evaporation by Monolayers:
          Transport Processes.  (Editor)   Academic  Press,  New  York
          City, New York, pp. 203-211.

19.  Minerals Yearbook.  1969.  U. S. Bureau of Mines, Department of
          Interior, U.  S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.  C.

20.  Minerals Yearbook.  1971.  U. S. Bureau of Mines, Department of
          Interior, U.  S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.  C.

21.  Munter, P. A., 0.  T. Aepli, and R. A. Kossatz.  1947.  I  & EC,
          39, #3, p. 427.

22.  Munter, P. A., 0.  T. Aepli, and R. A. Kossatz.  1949.  I  & EC,
          41, #7, p. 1504.

23.  Pasquill, F.  1962.  Atmospheric Diffusion. Van Nostrand Book
          Company, New  York City, New York, p. 315.

24.  Perry,  J. H.  1963.  Chemical Engineers'  Handbook,  Fourth Edition.
          (Editor).  McGraw-Hill Book Company, New  York  City,
          New York.

25.  Tatera, B.  1970.   Parameters which  influence   fluoride emissions
          from Gypsum Ponds.  Unpublished Ph.  D. Thesis. Department of
          Chemical Engineering, University of Florida.  University
          Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Michigan #71-275.

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                                                                    118
26.  Turner, D.  1969.  Workbook of Atmospheric Dispersion Estimates
          (revised).  National Air Pollution Control Administration,
          Cincinnati, Ohio.

27.  Water-Loss Investigation:  Lake Hefner Studies, Technical Report.
          1954.  (Geological Survey Professional Paper  269.)  U. S.
          Government Printing Office,  Washington, D. C.

28.  Water-Loss Investigation:  Lake Hefner Studies  Data  Base Report.
          1954.  (Geological Survey Professional Paper  270.)  U. S.
          Government Printing Office,  Washington, D. C.

29.  Weast,  R.  C.   1965.   Handbook of Chemistry and  Physics, 47th
          Edition.   The  Chemical Rubber  Company, Cleveland, Ohio,
          p. E-93.

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                                          119
15. APPENDIX

-------
         15.1  Discussion of Partial Pressure Assumptions




                   in Mass Transfer Development






      In the development of the water mass transfer correlation,  three



 assumptions concerning the water partial pressure  driving  force  in  the



 mass transfer equation were made:






      1)    the water  content of the air did  not vary across



           Lake Hefner,




      2)    the water  content of the air did  not vary with height



           above the  ground or  lake,  and




      3)    the lake water temperature - and  hence the equilibrium




           water partial pressure  in the vapor phase (p*) - is



           constant across  the  lake.






 These  three assumptions are  considered in the following paragraphs.



     Lake  water temperature  measurements  were measured routinely at



 only  four  points on  the lake.  Any assumption that  these routine




 measurements  accurately describe the  lake surface  temperature profile



 is suspect because the  differences between  measurement sites are




 constant and  large.  For example,  in October,  1950  [17, Table 11],




 station 4  (Figure 4.2)  recorded a  higher  24 hour average temperature




 than station  2  on each  of  the  26 days with  usable information; the



average value of this difference was  2,0°C.




     Occasionally more  complete temperature profiles of the lake were



constructed with a single boat-mounted  thermometer  [28, Table 16],




Temperature-location profiles of the  lake taken over periods of  time




short enough to be considered  instantaneous (0.5 hours) showed lake

-------
                                                                     121
 surface  temperature variations on  the order of 0.6°C.  This
 temperature variation  is equivalent  to a saturation partial pressure
 variation of about  .95 mm Hg at 80°F.
     On  a number of days (7) when  the wind was blowing from station
 2  across the lake to station 4, the  assumption that the linear force
 as defined in  this study
           (P* - P2)
where
          p* » partial pressure of water in equilibrium with
               lake - water temperature measured at station 1
          P£ = partial pressure of water in air measured at
               station 2 two meters above the ground

was not significantly different than the log mean driving force
defined by the equation
             P*-P
where
          p  » partial pressure of water in air measured at
               station 4 two meters above the ground

was tested statistically.  The null hypothesis was that the difference
between the two driving forces was zero; the alternate hypothesis was
that the difference between the two driving forces was not zero.  The

-------
                                                                    122


Student's t test showed the linear driving force to be statistically


greater than the log mean; the average difference was .65 mm Hg.


However, as shown in a later paragraph, most of this difference may be


due to a measurement error.  If the wind blew equally and randomly


from all directions, the only effect of the linear driving force


assumption would be to increase the experimental variance.


Examination of the wind records shows that the wind blows from


station 2 more often; therefore, the approximation probably over-


estimates the water partial pressure driving force.


     A sample of humidity profiles [17, p. 487] was studied to


determine whether the water content of the air varied in the


vertical direction both upwind and downwind of the pond.  The


statistics tested were various upwind and downwind combinations of


the difference between the 24 hour average water content measured at


2 meters and the 24 hour average water content measured at 4.8, and


16 meters using the two-tailed Student's t test at the 95% confidence


level.  The results are summarized in Table 15.1


     Columns 1 and 2 in the table shows that upwind of the pond the


average water content of the air measured at 4 and 8 meters above the


ground is significantly different than the water content measured at


2 meters.  In contrast, the difference between the 16 meter and 2


meter water content is not significant.  The 4 and 8 meter


differences in water content can be explained in terms of a constant

                                                Q
temperature error at the measurement limit - 0.1 C.


     Downwind, the 8 and 16 meter average water contents of air are


significantly different from the 2 meter downwind concentration while

-------
Table  15.1     Vertical water distribution upwind  and downwind  of pond




Height
2
4
8
16

Average
(P at
2 m-
p at
z m)
...
.25
.30
.11

Upwind


Significantly
Different
...
Yes
Yes
No

Average
(P at
2 m-
p at
z m)
	
.22
.67
.79

Downwind


Significantly
Different
^^M
No
Yes
Yes
Downwinc
Upwind
Ave rage
(P at
2 m-
p at
z m)
-1.20

- .53
- .41
3 x Meters
2 Meters


Significantly
Different
Yes

Yes
Yes
Note:   p = Partial pressure of water in air in mm of Hg

        Height = Height above the lake or land surface in meters
                                                                                                             to
                                                                                                             to

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                                                                     124



 the 4  meter difference is not significant.   (Columns 3 and 4 of




 Table  15.1 show this trend.)   Because of the size of the differences,



 these  conclusions indicate that evaporation from the lake did not



 affect the water content of air at 8 and 16 meters.




     Finally columns 5 and 6  compare the difference  between the 2




 meter  upwind and the 8 and 16 meter downwind water contents.  In both



 comparisons the average difference is significant and is about -.5



 mm Hg.  Since it has already  been  shown  that there was not water




 accumulation above 4 meters,  this  difference is  a measure of the




 between-site errors.   This  between-site  error has a  significant




 impact  on  the previous  discussion  of the  estimated error introduced



 by substituting  the  linear  average water  concentration for the  log




 mean driving  force;  a major portion  of the  apparent  0.65  mm Hg




 difference  between the  two driving forces may be  due  to  a  consistent



 sampling bias.




     Each of  the three assumptions listed in  the  initial paragraph




 of  this appendix strains the assumption of  a  linear partial  pressure



 driving force  to some extent.  However, as  shown  above,  the  errors



 introduced by  the assumptions are small and approximately  random.



Therefore, they add to the variance of the  calculated mass  transfer



coefficient but they do not alter the correlation.






                   15.2  Analytical Procedure






15.2.1   Equipment




     Orion Research Inc., Specific Ion Meter Model 407




     Orion Research Inc. TISAB (94-09-09A)

-------
                                                                    125
     Orion Research Inc. Fluoride Ion Activity Electrode Model 94-09A
     Orion Research Inc. Single Junction Reference Electrode (90-01)
     Orion Research Inc. Fluoride Standard (94-09-06)
     Magnetic Stirrer with Teflon Bar
     100 ml Polyethylene Beakers
     Pipets (glass)
     Volumetric Flasks (glass)
     Distilled Water

15.2.2  Procedure
     1)    Set up meter and 2 electrodes as described in the
          Orion instruction manual.
     2)    Once a week prepare two standards by dilution of the
          Fluoride  Standard
          a)   1 x 10"  g moles/L F;  10 volume  percent TISAB
          b)   1 x 10    g moles/L F;  10 volume  percent TIASB.
     3)    Calibrate  the Specific Ion Meter with the  standards
          as  described  in Orion Instruction Manual for the Model
          94-09 Fluoride Electrode.
     4)    Between each  analysis rinse the  electrodes with  distilled
          water and carefully dry with facial  tissues.
     5)    Estimate  the  fluoride concentration  of  the unknown liquid
          sample.  Dilute  a  portion  of  the  unknown to an estimated
          total fluoride  content of  10"4 to  10"5 g moles/Liter using
          conventional  dilution techniques.  The final diluted sample
         must  contain  10  volume  percent TIASB.

-------
                                                                    126




     6)    Measure the fluoride concentration of the  diluted




          unknown .






15.2.3  Sample Problem




     A.    Estimated unknown concentration:  .2 g moles/L F




     B.    Dilution Calculation:






          1 ml (.2 g moles/L)  « x ml (5 x 10"  g moles/L)




          4000 ml • x




     C.    Dilution sequence:  1 ml of the unknown diluted to 100




          ml with distilled water; 2 ml of the resultant solution




          diluted to 100 ml with 10 ml of TISAB and  distilled




          water (1 ml in 5000).




     D.    Fluoride multiplier  » fluorine concentration of original




          sample/ fluorine concentration of diluted sample
     E,   Measured Concentration:   4.78 x 10"  g moles/L




     F.   Actual Concentration:   Measured Concentration x Fluorine




          Multiplier



          Actual Concentration:   4.78 x 10"  g moles/L x 5 x 10  •



                                 .239 g moles/L






      15.3  Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium for the System HF-H20






15.3.1  Introduction



     To demonstrate that the equilibrium still and operating techniques




could produce thermodynamically consistent vapor-liquid equilibrium

-------
                                                                     127

 data, the system hydrogen fluoride-water (HF-HgO)  was studied.   This


 appendix describes the study and results.



 15.3.2  Existing Data Correlations


      15.3.2.1  Correlating equations.   To  obtain a dependable base


 against which the still measurements could be tested,  correlation of


 the published vapor-liquid equilibrium data [3,15,  21,  22,  25]  for  the


 system HF-H20 was necessary.  Most studies of the  HF-IUO  system


 [3 , p. 281;  22; 25]  used "dynamic" or "gas saturation" trains  of


 various designs to establish the two phase equilibrium.  However,  ,in


 at least one  [21], a  modified Othmar or "vapor circulation" still was


 used.  As shown in the following paragraphs the activity  coefficients


 can be correlated with the non-ionizing solution,  binary-mixture


 equations developed from the Gibbs-Duhem equation with  little more


 than the usual bending of the equation's constraints.


      Ignoring  the ionization of  water,  the  Gibbs-Duhem  equation for


 the HF-H20 system can be  written^-' in  terms of activities as




               dln al    „    Sln'aHF     91n a«     Sln aF
                                                                    (39)


where




     a - activity of a component in the  liquid phase,


     X » mole fraction,
— Turner, D.  National Air Pollution Control Administration, Cincinnati
     Ohio, Private communication.                                 *«u«t.j.,

-------
                                                                     128


     Subscripts  1 =» water,



               HF » hydrogen fluoride,



                 H • hydrogen ion, and



                 F « fluoride ion.





 In  solutions of  only water and hydrogen  fluoride





                  .                                                 (40)
The  ionization constant   (K )  for hydrogen  fluoride  can be written as
                           3.
          Ka "  a    •
           3    SHF



The log form of (41) can be differentiated with respect to the mole



fraction of water to yield
           Bin K    Bin a     Bin a    Bin a
                a  ,      nr        r  ,      si
                                             -*

                                             JT,P  •
But,



           Bin K
                                                                   <43)
Substitution of equations (42), (43), and (40) into  (39) results in



              3In a        din a        9In a
which rearranges to
              din a               dX   Bin a


              -BX   +  Bx   -55      ' °P '         (45>
By definition

-------
                                                                     129

           VI  « activity coefficient .
 Therefore,  Equation (46)  can be  rewritten as

               3 In v.   9 In X,
                     -  0T>P                                       (46)


 or since

             5 In X
 Equation  (45) becomes
                                                              sx1
     lonization constants are usually reported  in terms of

concentration rather than activity
                                                                  (48)
                   HF       nF

where



          C » concentration, and

         C_ » total concentration.



Assuming constant total concentration and differentiating Equation

(48) with respect to X, yields

-------
                                                                    130
               dK_      ^HF          ^^H
           [XHF BX  + *! ~5X  = ^ CT 5XT,P  •                    (49)
Differentiating  the  identity


          Xl + XHF + KH + XF '  l

with respect to  the  mole fraction of water results  in


                              0]i,p-                             <50>

Substituting Equation  (49) into (50) to eliminate  BX^/SX.  and the

result  into (48) to  eliminate  K   yields
Equation (51) shows that if

           9KI


and
Equation (47) reduces exactly the non-ionized form

              Sin Yl         9In
          ^Xl -ixp + (XHF>

     The author was unable to find any data describing the ionization

constant of  HF  in water as a function of composition.  However,

data [11] to evaluate the function

-------
                                                                    131

 is available  for  both  a weaker acid  (acetic) and a stronger acid


 (hydrochloric) .
     Acetic Acid  (.05 M/L)            0


     Hydrochloric Acid  (.05)        -.11


     Hydrochloric Acid  (.1 M/L)     -.21   .




 If  the  partial derivative for the  HF-H20  system is within the range


 of  values  tabled above,  then
                    
-------
            o


where
                                                                     132


                                                                    <54>
          Y   " P/c                                                <54a>
           p  »  partial  pressure of i in the vapor phase,


           X.  «  mole  fraction of i in the liquid phase,



           P.  =  vapor pressure of i at the temperature at  which


                the measurement is being made,  and


           V   e  liquid phase  activity coefficient
     Subscript
          0 • H20, and



          F " EF  .
     These equations assume  that  the behavior of  the  gaseous  phase  is


ideal.


     As a preliminary check  of thermodynamic consistency,  the Redlich


and Kister test [12, p. 731] was  applied  to the three isotherms  in  the


literature that covered a sufficiently wide liquid  phase


concentration,  X^ :> .50 .   This  test is  based on the equation



              ,1     V
          RT  f; In ("TOdX^p  " [ gas law constant.

-------
                                                                     133


      The data were tested by plotting in (YF/YO) against X ,  Figure



 15.1, and observing whether the area under the curve is zero.  The



 evidence presented in Figure 15.1 is not overwhelming but the



 conclusion was reached that the isotherms are probably consistent with



 the Redlich-Kister criteria.  For each publication at each temperature



 level, the activity coefficients of both water and hydrogen fluoride



 were plotted on semi-log paper against the liquid phase HF mole



 fraction.  The plots produced from the Brosher et al. [3] data showed



 significant positive deviations from linearity below about 10 mole



 percent HF.  This indicates that liquid was entrained into the vapor



 samples.  Tatera worked with very dilute solutions (.5 M/L and less);



 therefore, plots of  YQ  could not be prepared from his data.  The two



 suffix van Laar equations for binary solutions
           10810YF ' V^1 + 
-------
                                                                  134
    O   0
                     Reference [41]; 107°C (Average)  isotherm
                     SQ  ^(YF/YQ)^ - -w-064
                    Reference [40]; 70°C isotherm
                    J"J  log (YF/Yo)dXF- -0.152
                    Reference [40]; 30° C isotherm
                     j  log(YF/Y0)^XF - -0.056
                                        I
I
                                       O4            06
                                MOLE FRACTION  HF
Figure 15.1    Application of Redlich-Kister Test of therrnodynamic
              consistency to HF-H^O vapor-liquid isotherm

-------
                                                                    135


approaches zero, A   is similarly related to temperature.  Figure


15.2 and 15.3 are plots of the van Laar equation coefficients, A_
                                                                OF
and Ap0 , against reciprocal absolute temperature.  These plots


indicate reasonable consistency between the various authors.  (Since


other of Tatera's results are used in Section 7.2, his agreement with


the others is submitted as an indication of the quality of his vapor


pressure measurements.)


     The individual data points shown on Figures 15.2 and 15.3 were


weighted according to the number of experimental vapor-liquid


equilibrium measurements on which they were based and whether the


measurements could be shown to be consistent with the Redlich-Kister


criteria.  The weighted data were used to develop linear least squares


correlations for AQF and AFQ .  Table 15.2 contains the individual


experimental coefficients of the van Laar equations and the weighting


factors used in developing the correlations.  Table 15.3 is a


statistical summary of the two correlations.  In both cases F is


statistically significant at the 95% confidence level.




15.3.3  Comparison of this Study's Results with HF-IUO Correlations



     The experimental measurements of the HF-IUO system are shown  in


Table 15.4.  Because of time limits,  measurements were made at only


one or two liquid compositions at each temperature.  Therefore,


comparisons were made of the measured average activity coefficient with


the values predicted for the previously developed correlations for


each temperature and liquid phase composition.  Table 15.5 is the

-------
                                                                    136


u_
o
<




o

-------
                                                                    137
Table 15.2    Data summary;  coefficients of van Laar equation
              calculated from individual publication isotherms and
              weight factor  used in least squares correlation
Temperature
°C
21

25
25
29

30
38

40
40
50
50
60
60
60
70
75
75
107a
Reference
32

38
39
32

40
32

38
39
40
38
39
38
40
40
38
39
41
' AFO
-3 000
—• • Ww
-2.364
-2.662
-2 931
*• • y -J x
-2.950
-2 89 S
*• • \jy j
-2.956
-2.502
-2.589
-2.431
-2.266
-3.028
-2.592
-2.231
-2.498
-2.048
-1.626
1
V


-8.939
-8.215


-5.900


-4.883
-6.435
-4.760
-4.967
-5.059
-3.221
-2.350
-4.052
-2.985
-4.436
-2.840
lumber of
Data
Points
1 1
J.J
3
10


11
i n
J.U
4
10
6
6
11
4
2
8
5
11
15
Redlich-
Kister
Consistencj
Test Weight
Factor


1
1


2


1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
r Total
: Weight
Factor
i 1
13
3
10


22
1 f\
10
4
10
6
6
11
4
2
16
5
11
30
a100-lll°C actual temperature;  107°C is the assumed average

-------
                                                                    138

Table 15.3    System  HF - H20  statistical summary of the linear

              correlations  of the van Laar equation coefficients
              against reciprocal absolute temperature
a b
(Standard Error)
AQF +5.516 -3.443
(1.268) ( .4208)
AYQ +2.455 -1.582
( .2005) ( .0652)
Number
of Data
Points F
14 5.817

17 51.90

R2
.3265

.7758

aA   « a + b - ;   T - absolute temperature (°K)

-------
                                                                    139



result of these comparisons.  The measured fluorine activity co-



efficients do not differ significantly from the best estimate



predicted value.  As the probability range in the table shows, the



predicted fluorine activity coefficient values could be expected 35




to 40 times per hundred observations if they are measurements of the




same thing as the correlation.  Both the predicted and measured water



activities are very close to 1.0 as thermodynamic theory demands for




the solvent containing only a very small amount of solute.  Calculation



of an expected range of values for the water activity coefficient




from a statistical analysis of the van Laar equation has little



meaning.  The van Laar equation constrains the prediction range to




values less than or equal to 1.  With normal experimental




variation around 1,  statistical theory expects some observations



greater than 1.0.




     Based on the agreement between the measurements made on  the



HF-H20 system in connection with this report and the rest of  the



literature, the vapor-equilibrium still designed for this study is




capable of producing accurate equilibrium measurements.

-------
                                                                    140

Table 15.4    Data summary for the H^O-HF system
Temp.
°F
68
68.5
68
67
67
68.8
69
80
80
79.5
81.5
79.5
90
90
88.6
88.0
87.9
90.5
90.2
98.9
98.7
99.0
99.5
99.5
Total
Pressure
(mm Hg)
17.3
17.4
17.4
15.4
15.4
16.9
17.8
25.8
25.4
24.8
22.7
25.7
35.7
35.7
34.1
33.7
33.6
34.9
34.9
47.6
47.4
48.4
48.6
48.5
Mole Fraction HF
Liquid Vapor
Phase Phase
.0297
.0304
.0324
.0157
.0159
.0161
.0164
.0311
.0311
.0163
.0164
.0164
.0166
.0167
.0160
.0160
.0161
.0168
.0169
.0162
.0163
.0163
.0165
.0166
.00430
.00278
.00260
.00127
.00128
.00128
.00119
.00243
.00242
.00130
.00137
.00108
.000866
.00100
.00119
.00101
.00116
.00206
.00160
.00130
.000881
.000983
.00100
.00216
Liquid Phase Activity
Coefficients
HF (x 10-3) H20
3.250
2.053
1.813
1.650
1.642
1.725
1.635
2.100
2.070
2.069
1.975
1.782
1.648
1.892
2.306
1.952
2.201
3.787
2.950
2.856
1.971
2.229
2.232
4.904
1.013a
1.005
1.025
.9251
.9253
.9530
1.004
1.010
.9944
.9790
.8380a
1.011
1.016
1.016
1.003
1.010
1.012
.9653a
.9710
1.015
1.017
1.038
1.012
1.017a
rj
 Observation not used in calculating averages shown in Table 15.5

-------
Table 15.5
Comparison of predicted and measured activity coefficients for the HF-H70 system
                                                                Activity Coefficient of HF
  Mole
Fraction
Hydrogen
Fluorine
in Liquid
  Phase
                      Activity Coefficient
                             of H20

                                   Predicted
Average  Number of                   From
System  Experimental Experimental  van Laar
Temp. F Observations    Values     Equation
                                                     Predicted from van Laar Equation
                                                                  40% of the time  an
                                                                     experimental
                                                                 observation would be
                                                                    expected to  be
                                           Experi-
                                           mental
                                           Values
                                                                   Best Est.
       Greater
        Thana
                                                                              Less Thanc
.031
.016
.031
.016
.016
.016
68.2
67.9
80.0
79.8
89.3
99.0
2
4
2
2
6
4
1

1

1
1
.01
.952
.00
.995
.00
.02
.997
.999
.997
.999
.997
.998
1
1
2
1
2
2
.933xlO"3b
.663xlO"3
.085
.942
.159
.322
1.128x!0"3
1.100
1.590 1
1.444
1.788 1
2.212 1
,7952xlO"3
.7203
.088
.8457
.171
.409
1
1
2
2
2
3
.840x!0"3
.680
.397
.205
.795
.289
                                     •M

AFO(Best Estimate) - t.40(N=172)^EuA'FO
                                                         N
N-2
               .
      40
                                                                           I +   I .  1
                                                                           N + (f    5?
 This  value would be expected about 35% of  the  time

-------
                                                                    142



                15.4  Usable Ambient Air Fluorine




                   Concentration Measurements
15.4.1  Pond 10 Downwind

-------
                                                         143

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CCNCENTRAT ION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10    SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATE  6/13/73   START TIME   1:00 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  4    WIND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.   0.2100
SKY CONDITION 80% cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS     6.33  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   5.0 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   bl.OF DRY  BULB   76.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATLRE F.DEG    VAPOR  PRESSURE NM HG
   1              88.0              382.0E-06
   2              89.4              3B9.0E-06
   3              91.4              398.0E-06
   4              93.8              447.0E-06
   5              96.7              520.0E-06
   6             10G.5              680.0E-06
   7             102.7              815.0E-06
   8              87.5              381.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      3.49500E-06 £BA£._.M.DLJL.£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CCNCENTRATION
      3.61432E-06 GSAM,_M.CLE_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        144

        RUN SUGARY  -  AMBIENT  AIR  FLOOR IDE CCNCFNTRATICN
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PCNDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE  1C    SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATE  6/13/73    START  TIME   2:10 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
AIP STABILITY CATEGORY  4    UIMO  VEL.  PROFILE EKP.   0.2180
SKY CONDITION 80% cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE KIM1") DIRECTION  AT  3.05  DETERS     2.17  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE KIND SPPg'J AT 3.05 METEPS   4.4  M/SEC
4I« TEMPERATURE   B?.OF DRY  BULB    78.OF  WET  BULB
PONO TEMPERATURE - FLUCRIDF VAPCR  PRESSURE  PROFILF

SEGMENT     TEMPERATUE F.OF.G    VAPCR  PRESSURE  MV  HG
   1              Htt.j              382.0E-06
   2              «9.4              3R9.0E-06
   3              91.4.              398.0E-06
   4              99.8              447.0E-36
   5              96.7              520.0E-06
   ft             ICC.5              680.0E-06
   7             IC2.7              815.0E-Oe
   »              S7.5              381.0E-06


MEASURED TIKE-AVcRAGF AXPIENT AIR  FLUOKIPE  CONCENTRATION
      2.79400P-06 QgAi3.tJCL£-£
                  ACTUAL CUCIC METER

CALCULATED T If F.-AVER AGE AMBIENT  AIR FLLORIOE  CONCENT»AT ICN
      3.37233E-06 fi»AM.i:CL£.E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC KrTFR

-------
                                                        145

        RUN SUMMARY -  AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE  10    SAMPLER NUMBER  02

DATE  6/13/73    START  TIME   3:30 'P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  46.C WIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   4    KIND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.   0.2090
SKY CONDITION  80% cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE HIND  DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS    -4.39  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT  3.05 METERS   5.0 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    34.OF  DRY  BULB   79.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   I              8ti.O             3B2.0E-06
   2              89.4             389.0E-06
   3              91.4             398.0E-06
   *              93.8             447.0E-06
   5              96.7             520.0E-06
   6             ICC. 5             680.0E-06
   7             102. 7             815.0E-06
   8              87.5             381.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMfilFNT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      2.36400E- 06 £B£ti_MCLE  F
                  ACTUAL CUB?C METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGF AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.T4787E-06
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        146

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CCNCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PGNDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE  6/13/73   START TIME  3:33'P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 45.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  4   KINO VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2090
SKY CONDITION   80% cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   -4.78  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   5.0 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   04.OF DRY BULB   79.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM  HG
   1              fiy.O             382.0E-06
   2              89.4             389.0E-06
   3              91.4             398.0E-06
   4              93.8             447.0E-06
   5              96,7             520.0E-06
   6             100.5             6SO.OE-06
   7             102.7             815.0E-06
   8              87.5             381.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      4.09100E-06 SBAtf-EEULE
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT Alft FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.74870E-06 fiaAfl-MDLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METFR

-------
                                                        147

        RUN  SUMMARY -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND  OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION  CCDE  10    SAMPLER NUMBER 01

HATE  6/16/73    START  TIME  8:54 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   3"4  KIND VCL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2110
SKY CONDITION High overcast

TIKE AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION  AT 3.05 METERS   38.83 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPFEO  AT  3.05 METERS   4.4 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    7f,.OF  DRY  BULB   71.OF WET BULB
POND TfrMPERATURc -  FLUfRIOF  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERATURE  F.DEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   I              8S.3              387.0E-06
   2              89.3              389.0E-06
   3              91.1              405.0E-06
   *              93.8              445.0E-06
   5              97.4              545.0E-06
   6             101.9              710.0E-06
   7             104.7              915.0F.-06
   8              «7.0              384.0E-06


MEASURED TIM£-AVtRAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3.004COE-G6 G.BA.M._i2DLE_E
                  ACTUAL cueTc METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.8487  E-06 G££M._M.QLE_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        148

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN KINO OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 1C   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DATE  6/16/73   START TIME  9:42' A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  A   KIND VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.1940
SKY CONDITION  High overcast with sun  casting shadows

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05  METERS   28.83  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   5.2 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   83.OF DRY BULB   73.5F WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATLRE F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              89.8             391.0E-06
   2              91.0             403.0E-06
   3              92.7             429.0E-06
   A              95.8             495.0E-06
   5              99.5             630.0E-06
   6             104.0             815.0E-06
   7             106.7             116.0E-05
   8              88.6             387.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      2.24400E-06 GBAJ_MJJ].£_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      2.33492E-06 GfiA.M-UflL.E-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        149

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT  AIR  FLUOR IDE  CCNCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10    SAMPLER NUMBER  02

DATE  6/16/73   START TIME   2:36 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 55.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  4    WIND VEL.  PROFILE EXP.   0.1960
SKY CONDITION  High overcast

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS    15.73  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WlNC SpFEO AT 3.05 METERS   5.9 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   82.5F DRY  BULB   73.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATUE F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              91.0             403.0E-06
   2              92.4             42Q.OE-06
   3              94.3             458.0E-06
   4              97.2             535.0E-06
   5             1C1.0             710.0E-06
   6             105.6             106.0E-05
   f             108.7             140.0E-05
   8              90.0             392.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATICN
      2.99600E-06 CB^M_MC1.£_F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVEHAGE AMBIENT  AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      3.04420E-06 £a&M,_M£LE_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        150

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10    SAMPLER NUMBER  02

DATE  6/16/73    START TIME   3:42" P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  4    WIND VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2140
SKY CONDITION  High overcast

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT 3.05  METERS   14.66  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS    4.7 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   82.OF DRY  8UL8   73.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              91.0             403.0E-06
   2              92.4             420.0E-06
   3              94.3             458.0E-06
   A              97.2             535.0E-06
   5             101.1             710.0E-06
   6             105.6             106.0E-05
   7             108.7             140.0E-05
   8              90.0             392.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      2.95800E-C6 28££L.i!CL£-.£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      3.P9200E-06 GRAM,_M,QLE_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        151

         RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE  10   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

 DATE   6/16/73   START TIME  4:48 'P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   4    KIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.1910
SKY CONDITION   High overcast

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   15.50 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT  3.05 METERS   6.3 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    82.OF  DRY BULB   74.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     T£MPERATLRE  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              91.0              403.0E-06
   2              92.4              420.0E-06
   3              94.3              458.0E-06
   4              97.2              535.0E-06
   5             10.1.1              710.0E-06
   6             105.6              106.0E-05
   7             108.7              140.0E-05
   8              90.0              392.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGF AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.69300E-C6 GB££3_M,CLE_F
                  ACTUAL CUBTc  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.96684E-06 GBA.M,-t!CL£-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                         152

         RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

 DATE   6/20/73   START TIME  4:21 P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
 AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY  4   hi NO VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2530
 SKY  CONDITION  Rain just over; cloud cover 100 to 50%

 TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT  3.05 METERS   75.99 DEGREES
 TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT  3.05 METERS   1.7 M/SEC
 AIR  TEMPERATURE    82.OF  DRY BULB   77.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERATURE  F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE MM HG
   1              92.6              423.0E-06
   2              94.2              450.0E-06
   3              96.6              517.0E-06
   4              99.5              630.0E-06
   5             102.7              815.0E-06
   6             106.5              115.0E-05
   7             108.8              141.0E-05
   8              92.0              417.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      3.44800E-06 £BA.£}_MJjLE_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      3.47922E-06 GBAJJ-flCLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        153

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES

POND LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01
DATE  6/21/73   START TIME  9:07 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  4   fcliMD VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2260
SKY CONDITION   80 to 100% overcast

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT  3.05 METERS   24.66  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WlNU SPEED AT 3.05 METERS    3.4 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   84.OF DRY BULB    78.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPGR PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              90.3             397.0E-06
   2              91.4             408.0E-06
   3              92.9             430.0E-06
   4              94.6             462.0E-06
   5              96.7             520.0E-06
   6              99.0             610.0E-06
   7             IOC.4             673.0E-06
   8              89.7             390.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3.745CCE-06 £B£M_M,CL£_F
                  ACTUAL CUB?C METER
CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      3.64286E-06 S&AJILM.Q.LE.-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        154

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 1C    SAMPLER NUMBER  02

CATE  6/21/73   START TIME   9:20 A'.*.
SAMPLING LENGTH 62.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  4    KIND VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2240
SKY CONDITION  50 to 100% overcast

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT 3.05  METERS    19.61  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.C5 METERS   3.4  M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   84.OF DRY  BULB   78.OF  WET  BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              90.3             397.0E-06
   2              91.4             408.0E-06
   3              92.9             430.0E-06
   4              94.6             462.0E-06
   5              96.7             520.0E-06
   6              99.0             610.0E-06
   7             100.4             673.0E-06
   8              89.4             390.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      2.00800E-C6 SBAU.MCJ.fi-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CCNCENTRATION
      2.48232E-06 GaAM.J3DJ.E-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        155

        RUN SUMMARY -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE  10    SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DATE  6/21/-73    START  TIME   10:31'A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.C WIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   4    WIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2310
SKY CONDITION Low overcast 20 minute shower just over

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05 METERS   37.16 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED  AT  3.05 METERS   3.1 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   80.OF  DRY  BULB  UNK.  F WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE  VAPOR PRFSSURE PROFILF

SEGMENT     TEMPERATLRE  F.DEG     VAPCR PRESSURE NM HG
   1              90.3              397.0E-06
   2              91.4              408.0E-06
   3              92,9              430.0E-06
   4              94.6              462.0E-06
   5              96.7              520.0E-06
   6              *5<;.0              610.0E-06
   7             ICC.4              673.0E-06
   8              89.4              390.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.4670CE-C6 fiB£M,_iSCL£_F.
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCEKTRATION
      2.36260E-H6 GEAM._M,ELE_£
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        156

        RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND  OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION  CODE  10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE   6/21/73    START TIME   10:20" A.M.
SAMPLING  LENGTH  60.C MIN.
AIR  STABILITY CATEGORY   4   KIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2320
SKY  CONDITION   Low overcast -- 20 minute shower

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   41.33 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   3.1 M/SEC
AIR  TEMPERATURE    80.OF  DRY BULB UNK.   F WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE  F.DEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              90.3              397.0E-06
   2              91.4              408.0E-06
   3              92.9              430.0E-06
   4              94.6              462.0E-06
   5              96.7              520.0E-06
   6              99.0              610.0E-06
   7             ICO.4              673.0E-06
   8              B9.7              390.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      4.44100E-06 QB£tf_M.£!L,£_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3.70909E-06 GaA,.M._M,GLE_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                        157

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE  10   SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATE  6/21/73   START TIME   ll:51'A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 44.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  3'4  MND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.   0.2P90
SKY CONDITION Some sun but mostly overcast

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION  AT 3.05  METERS   -15.41  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGt WIND  SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   3.0 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    80.OF DRY  BULB   UNK.  F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE  F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE MM HG
   I              90.3              397.0E-06
   2              91.4              408.0E-06
   3              92.9              <*30.0E-06
   4              94.6              462.0E-06
   5              96.7              520.0E-06
   6              99.0              610.0E-06
   7             IOC.4              673.0E-06
   6              89.7              390.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORWE CONCENTRATION
      2.41400E-C6 G£A.i3_MDLE-£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER
CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      2.5516  E-06 GEAJ3_aCLE_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        158

         RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE  10   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

 DATE   6/21/73   START TIME  12:10 P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  70.C MIN.
AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY   4   KIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2400
SKY  CONDITION  overcast ~ Rain shower after 1:10 p.m.

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS    2,29 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT  3.05 METERS   2.5 M/SEC
AIR  TEMPERATURE    77.OF  DRY BULB   75.5F WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERATURE  F.OEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              89.5              390.0E-06
   2              90.9              401.0E-06
   3              92.6              415.QE-06
   4              94.8              470.0E-06
   5              97.4              540.0E-06
   6             100.5              680.0E-06
   7             102.3              785.0E-G6
   8              89.0              388.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      9.43000E-07 SB£JJ-i!CLE_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.91792E-06 GaAfl-UCLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                         159

         RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  GF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING  DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

 DATE   6/21/73   START TIME  2:06 'A.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH 65.C MIN.
AIP  STABILITY  CATEGORY  3   hi NO VEL. PROFILE EXP.   0.2520
SKY  CONDITION  Rain shower before  2:00 p.m.; 100 to 90% overcast

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT  3.05 METERS   46.84 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   1.8 M/SEC
AIR  TEMPERATURE    79.OF DRY BULB   77.5F WET BULB
POND  TEMPERATURE  -  FLUCPIOE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERATURE  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              "9.5              390.0E-C6
   2              9C.9              401.0E-06
   3              92.6              415.0E-06
   4              94.8              470.0E-06
   5              97.4              540.0E-06
   6              ICC.5              6*O.OE-06
   '              102.3              785.0E-06
   8              89.0              388.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.41500E-06 QB££L££LE_E
                  ACTUAL CljeTc  METER

CALCULATED TlME-AVEiUGE  AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE CCNCENTRATICN
      2.965ME-06 5aAfl-£J£L£_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                        160

         RUN  SUMMARY -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF  PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION  CODE  1C    SAMPLER  NUMBER 02

 DATE   6/21/73    START  TIME   2:55 P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60.C MIN.
AIR  STABILITY CATEGORY   3    KIND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.   0.2490
SKY  CONDITION  90% Overcast

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS    45.49  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   2.0 M/SEC
AIR  TEMPERATURE    79.OF  DRY  BULB   76.5F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPGR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              89.5             390.0E-06
   2              90.9             401.0E-06
   3              92.6             415.0E-06
   4              94.8             470.0E-06
   5              97.4             540.0E-06
   6             ICO.5             680.0E-06
   7             102.3             785.0E-06
   8              89.0             388.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.72700E-C6 GBAM,_MOL£_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER
CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.48083E-06 GBAJUMJLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        161

         RUN  SUMMARY -  AMBIENT AIR FLLCRIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN  WIND  OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND  LOCATION  CODE  10    SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE  6/21/73    START  TIME  3:20 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  10.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   3    klNO VEL.  PROFILE EXP.   0.2470
SKY CONDITION   907. Overcast

TIME AVERAGE HIND  DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS    18.00  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  S'°EED  AT 3.05 METERS   1.8 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    79.OF  DRY  8ULB    76.5F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              8-J.5             390.0E-06
   2              90.0             401.0E-06
   3              92.6             A15.0E-06
   A              94.8             470.0E-06
   5              97.4             540.0E-06
   6             100.5             680.0E-06
   7             102.3             785.0E-06
   8              fl'.O             388.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      2.49COOE-C6 GBAM-MQi.£_F
                  ACTUAL cusTc METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3. 1 749aE-06 GEAM_tfflLE_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        162

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10    SAMPLER NUMBER  02

DATE  6/21/73   START TIME  4:06 P'.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  3   WIND VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2330
SKY CONDITION  90% Overcast

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05  METERS   50.49  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS    2.9 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   81.OF DRY BULB   79.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              39.5              390.0E-06
   2              90.9              401.0E-06
   3              92.6              415.0E-06
   4              94.8              470.0E-06
   5              97.4              540.0E-06
   6             100.5              680.0E-06
   7             102.3              785.0E-06
   8              B9.0              388.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.26600E-06 £BAM...M.ELE_F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.39370E-06 GRAlJ-fiDL£-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        163

        RUN SUMMARY  -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF  PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10    SAMPLER  NUMBER 01

DATE  6/21/73    START  TIME   4:28 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATCGfJRY   4    WIND VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2280
SKY CONDITION   95% Overcast

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS   45.49 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND-SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   3.2 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    81.OF  DRY  BULB   79.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUCPIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPSRATLRE  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   I              89.5              390.0E-06
   2              9C.O              401.0E-06
   3              92.6              415.0E-06
   A              94.8              470.0E-06
   5              97.4              540.0E-06
   6             100.5              680.0F-06
   7             102.3              785.0E-06
   8              «*-0              33B.OE-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIF.NT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3.54400E-06 Q£jS^_MQL£  £
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CCNCENTRAI ION
      3.76202E-06 Q£4M._M,CLE_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                        164

        RUN  SUMMARY  -  AMBIENT AIR FLLORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF  PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE  10    SAMPLER  NUMBER 02

DATE  6/21/73    START  TIME   5:16 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   3    hlND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.   0.2300
SKY CONDITION    957= Overcast

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS    51.33  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED  AT  3.05 METERS   3.0 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   81.5F  DRY  BULB   79.5F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE  F.DEG    VAPOR  PRESSURE MM HG
   1              89.5              390.0E-06
   2              9C.9              401.0E-06
   3              92.6              415.0E-06
   4              94.8              47Q.OE-06
   5              97.4              540.0E-06
   6             IOC.5              680.0E-06
   7             102.3              785.0E-06
   8              89.0              388.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.63900E-06 2B.A.M._MJ3L£_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.35025E-06 GEAi3_HCL£_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        165

         RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT Alft FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF  PROCESS WATER PCNDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION  CODE  10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

 DATE   6/21/73    START TIME  5:38 'P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  10.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   A   WIND VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2210
SKY CONDITION    95% Overcast

TIKE AVERAGE WIfjD  DIRECTION  AT 3.05 METERS   42.99 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE UIND  SPC:ED  AT 3.05  METERS   4.5 M/SEC
AIK TEMPERATURE    81.5F  DRY  BULB   7«3.5F WET BULB
°OND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERATLRE  T.OEG     VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              89.5              390.QE-06
   2              9C.O              401.0E-06
   3              92-6              415.0E-06
   4              q4-B              470.0E-06
   5              97.4              S40.0E-06
   ^             IOC.5              680.0E-06
   7             1C?.3              785.0F-06
   8              B9.0              388.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3.26100E-C6 GBiM4_M.QLE_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT  AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3»44
-------
                                                        166

        RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN  WIND  OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND  LOCATION CODE  10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE  6/22/73   START TIME  9:50 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   3 -* WIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2050
SKY CONDITION  30 to 40%  cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT  3.05 METERS    8.00 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED AT  3.05 METERS   4.5 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    32.5F DRY BULB   78.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE  F.DEG     VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              91.6              410.0E-06
   2              93.0              431.0E-06
   3              94.9              470.0E-06
   4              97.2              535.0E-06
   5              99.9              650.0E-06
   6             102.9              830.0E-06
   7             104.8              980.0E-06
   8              90.8              400.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGF. AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3.48800E-C6 GB.A.M._M.CL£_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3.13824 E-06 ££A.il_M.DL£_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                         167

         RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF PROCESS WATER PCNDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE 1C   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

 DATE   6/22/73   START TINE  10:12' A.V.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
 AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY  3-4  hIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2040
 SKY  CONDITION  40% cloud cover

 TIME  AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS    4.67  DEGREES
 TIME  AVERAG" WIND SPUED AT 3.05 METERS   4.6 M/SEC
 AIR  TEMPERATURE    82.5F DRY BULB   78.OF WET BULB
°OND TEMPERATURE  -  FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERATLRF  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE WM HG
   1              91.6              410.0E-06
   2              93.0              431.0E-06
   3              94.9              470.0E-06
   «              97.2              535.0E-06
   5              9'3.q              650.0E-06
   6              102.9              «30.0E-06
   ^              10«.8              980.0E-06
   8              90.8              400.0E-06


MEASURED TIVE-AVCRAG^ AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.91400E-C6 22^i3-i3CL£_F
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
     2.0545   E-06 GlLA,M,_.U£L.E,-.E
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC  METHR

-------
                                                        168

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PCNDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10    SAMPLER NUMBER  02

DATE  6/22/73   START TIME   11:22  A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 62.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  4    KIND VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2020
SKY CONDITION 50 to 80% low cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT 3.05  METERS    11.22  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS    4.7  M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   86.OF DRY  BULB   78.OF  WET  BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATLRE F.D6G    VAPCR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              ^1.6              390.0E-06
   2              93.0              401.0E-06
   3              94.9              415.0E-06
   4              97.2              470.0E-06
   5              99.9              540.0E-06
   6             10?.9              680.0E-06
   7             1C4.8              785.0E-06
   8              90.8              388.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      2.80200E-06 QBAU-.M.CL£-£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      2.36543E-06 SfiAM-MQiE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                         169

         RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLLORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE  1C   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

 DATE   6/22/73   START TIME  12:32'P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  33.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   4   KIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.1930
SKY CONDITION 80 to 90% low cloud cover;  rain after 1:07 p.m.

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   42.09 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPFED  AT  3.05 METERS   5.5 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    84.OF  DRY 8UL3   79.5F WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERATURE  F.DEG     VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              9l-6              410.0E-06
   2              93-0              43UOE-06
   3              9
-------
                                                        170

        RUN SUMMARY -  AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10    SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DATE  6/22/73   START  TIME   2:28 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  4    KIND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2100
SKY CONDITION 100% low overcast; rain before run; trace for 5 min.
                                 dur ing run
TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS   28.00 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   4.4 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    80.OF DRY  BULB   77.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE  F.DEG    VAPOR  PRESSURE *M HG
   1              94.1              450.0E-06
   2              95.5              484.0E-06
   3              97.4              545.0E-06
   4              99.7              640.0E-06
   5             102.4              7<35.0E-06
   6             IC5.4              103.0E-05
   7             107.3              123.0E-05
   8              93.3              438.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIFNT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.07200E-C6 SfiA.B-MCl.fc-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.98103E-06 G&AU..Mfll.E-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                         171

         RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN  WIND  OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


POND  LOCATION  CODE  10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE   6/22/73    START TINE  2:37 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  65.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   4    UNO VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2070
SKY CONDITION  100% low overcast; rain before run; trace for 5 min.

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT  3.05 MET^S ^26.84 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT  3.05  METERS   4.6 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    80.OF  DRY BULB   77.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURt -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERATURE  F.DEG     VAPGR PRESSURE MM HG
                  94.1              450.0E-06
                  qt>.5              4fH.OF.-OA
                  9'-4              545.0E-06
   4              99.7              640.0E-06
   5             102.4              795.0E-06
   6             1C5.4              103.0F-05
   7             107.3              123.0E-05
   8              93.3              438.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      4.09300E-06 &B££L£flLLJ;
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGF  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      4. 5866OE-Oft fifiAU-UCLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METFK

-------
                                                        172

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CCNCENTRA7ICN
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10    SAMPLER NUMBER  02

DATE  6/22/73   START TIME   3:37 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  3-4  HIND VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2090
SKY CONDITION 907» overcast, Mixed mid  and low cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT 3.05  VETERS   27.16  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS  4.5 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   81.5F DRY  BULB   77.5F WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE
SEGMENT
   1
   2
   3
   4
   5
   6
   7
   8
TEMPERATURE F.DEG
 93
 95
 97
100
103
         3
         0
         0
         3
         8
     107.9
     110.3
      92.4
                                 VAPCR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
                                   438.0E-06
                                   472.0E-06
                                   530.0E-06
                                   670.0E-06
                                   9CO.OE-06
                                   130.0E-05
                                   162.0E-05
                                   420.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.80300E-06 GBAM_iJCLE_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      2.6807  E-06 GdAM-UCLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                         173

         RUM SUGARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CCNCENTRAT ION
 DOWN  WIND  OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

 RATE   6/22/73   START TIMF  3:51 P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH 59. C MIN.
AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY   3-4  MND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2090
SKY  CONDITION  907, overcast mixed mid and low cloud cover

TIME AVERAGf WIND  DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   28.76  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGr WIND  SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   4.4 M/SEC
AIR  TEMPERATURE    
-------
                                                        174

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING  DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DATE  6/22/73   START TIME  4:40 P'.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  3   WIND VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2200
SKY CONDITION 90% overcast

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05  PETERS   41.33  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS    3.7 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   82.OF DRY BULB   77.5F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              93.3             438.0E-06
   2              95.0             472.0E-06
   3              97.0             530.0E-06
   4             ICC. 3             670.0E-06
   5             IC3.8             9CO.OE-06
   6             107.9             130.0E-05
   7             11C. 3             162.0E-05
   8              92.4             420.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.5860CE-C6 &B£M.-M.CL£-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.81145E-06 GBAM.-M,fiL£_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        175

         RUN  SUMMARY -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE  10    SAMPLER  NUMBER 01

 DATE   6/22/73   START  TIME   4:58 P.M.
 SAMPLING LfcNGTH  60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   3    KIND VEL.  PROFILE EXP.   0.2270
SKY CONDITION    907, overcast

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS    38.83  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT 3.05  METERS   3.3 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    82.OF  DRY  BULB  77.5F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATLRE F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              93.3              438.0E-06
   2              95.0              472.0E-06
   3              97.0              530.0E-06
   *             IOC.3              67U.OE-06
   I             10^8              900.0E-06
   2             107-9              130.0E-05
   I             Ilc-3              162.0E-05
   8              9?-4              420.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVgRAG= AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      3.02100E-06 or>A" ""• - -
                  ACTUAL CUBIC PETER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      3.35Q48E-06 GSAM.UflLE.E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       176

        RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10    SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATE  6/27/73   START TIME   9:35 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 61.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  4    KIND VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2580
SKY CONDITION    1°°% l°w cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT 3.05  METERS  -115.43  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS    1.8 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   78.OF DRY BULB   76.5F  WET BULB
POND TFMPF.RATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERULRE F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              H9.4             383.0E-06
   2              90.8             387.0E-06
   3              93.0             400.0E-06
   4              95.6             425.0E-06
   5              96.9             474.0E-06
   6             1C2.8             565.0E-06
   7             105.2             645.0E-06
   8              08.6             381.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      9.42000E-07 £gA.M_M.£LE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      4.28777E-07 G&AM._MQLE_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       177

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10-   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE  6/27/73   START TIME  11:39 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 M1N.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  3   KIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2660
SKY CONDITION  80% overcast

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS -142.82 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS    1.4 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   81.OF DRY BULB   78.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPCR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              92.6             389.0E-06
   2              94.2             401.0E-06
   3              96.4             431.0E-06
   4              98.9             485.0E-06
   5             102.0             600.0E-06
   6             105.4             825.0E-06
   7             107.3             101.0E-05
   8              91.8             385.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      6.36COOE-C7  SBAM-MCLE-E
                   ACTUAL  CUBIC METER

CALCULATED  TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3.3165IE-07  GRAM-flflLE-E
                   ACTUAL  CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       178

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE 6/28/73    START TIME 8:38 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  2-3  WIND VEL.  PROFILE  F.XP.   0.2350
SKY CONDITION  clear, sunny

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05  METERS   20.50  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   2.8 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   79.5F DRY BULB   76.5F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              80.1             4Q8.0E-06
   2              81.2             400.0E-06
   3              82.7             387.0E-06
   4              84.7             38UOE-06
   5              87.2             3B2.0E-06
   6              90.3             397.0E-06
   7              92.5             421.0E-06
   8              79.6             411.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      2.02600E-06 £BA.a_ECLE_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.9730  E-OA GaAfl-MCLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                         179

         RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


 POND LOCATION CODE 1C   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

 CATE 6/28/73    START TIME 9:04 AiM.
 SAMPLING LEMGTH  60.C MIN.
 AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY  2-3  WIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0
 SKY  CONDITION  slight haze, Clear                       u

 TIM5 AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION  AT 3.05 METERS   17.16 DEGREES
 TIME AVERAGF UlNC  SptED  AT 3.05 METERS   2.6 M/SEC
 AIR  TEMPERATURE    79.SF  DRY  BULB   76.5F WET BULB
POND TcMPEKATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPFRATLRE  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              83.0              385.0E-06
   2              84.5              381.0E-06
   3              86.5              380.0E-06
   4              86.7              386.0E-06
   5              91.5              403.0E-06
   J              9«»5              460.0E-06
   I              9t.3              510.0E-C6
   8              82.5              389.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AV6RARP AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      9.987CCE-C7 2EAM
                           __
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.1195  £-06
                      _-
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       180

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING  DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE 6/28/73    START TIME 9:48 A.'M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 65.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  2   WIND VEL. PROFILE  EXP.   0.2300
SKY CONDITION  15% cloud cover plus light haze

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT  3.05  METERS   14.15  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   2.9 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   83.OF DRY BULB   79.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM  HG
   1              39.1             388.0E-06
   2              90.6             400.0E-06
   3              93.2             433.0E-06
   4              g«.9             470.0E-06
   5              97.7             560.0E-06
   6             100.8             700.0E-06
   7             102.6             805.0E-06
   8              88.3             385.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.08200E-06 fiBAiJ-M.CL£_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.93396E-06 SaAfl-M.QL.E-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        181

         RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND UF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE  10   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

 DATE  6/28/73    START TIVE 10:14 A.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60.C MIN.
AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY   2    UNO  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2300
SKY  CONDITION  20% cloud cover plus light haze

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT  3,05 METERS    9.67 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT  3.05 METERS   2.9 M/SEC
MR  TEMPERATURE    83.OF  DRY BULB    79.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATLRE  F.DEG     VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   \              89»0              368.0E-06
   ;              90-4              398.0E-06
   ;              9*«4              420.0E-06
   4              q4-7              453..0E-06
   5              97-5              548.0E-06
   J             l°0-9              700.0E-06
   7             102.6              805.0E-06
   8              8««3              385.0E-06


MEASURED TIMc-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.06300E-06 fi£A!l-i!CL£-F
                  ACTUAL cueFc  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT  AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.0A764E-06
                           _
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                         182

         RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
 POND  LOCATION CODE  10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

 DATE  6/28/73     START TIME 11:00 A.M.
 SAMPLING  LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY   2-3  KIND VEL. PROFILE EXp.  0.2350
SKY  CONDITION  35% cloud cover plus light haze

TIME  AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION  AT 3.05 METERS   -0.33 DEGREES
TIME  AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   2.5 M/SEC
AIR  TEMPERATURE    85.5F  DRY  BULB   79.5F WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMpERATtRE  F.OEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              91.6              410.0E-06
   2              92.6              424.0E-06
   3              94.6              463.0E-06
   4              96.8              510.0E-06
   5              99.6              635.0E-06
   6             102.6              805.0E-06
   7             104.4              945.0E-06
   8              90.3              397.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      2.20500E-06 fiBAM.MCL£_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
       2.2699  E-06 GEA^-ECLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        183

         RUN  SUGARY  -  AMBIENT AIR FLOOR IDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE  10    SAMPLER  NUMBER 02

 DATE   6/28/73    START  TIME  11:2VA.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   2-3  KIND VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2300
SKY CONDITION 35% cloud cover light haze

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION  AT  3.05 METERS   -5.00 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WINC  SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   2.4 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    M5.5F  DRY  BULB   7Q.5F WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   *              92.0              418.0E-06
   2              93,4              438.0E-06
   3              95.4              480.0E-06
   *              97-7              552.0E-06
   5             IOC.5              680.0E-06
   6             103.6              875.06-06
   7             105.6              105.0E-05
   8              91«3              418.0E-06


MEASURED T IMF.-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATICN
      7.62800E-C7 £E4M_MCL£-.E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT  AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.3461  E-06 £5A.M,_&QL£ £
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       184

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE 6/28/73    START TIME 12:09 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 62.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  2   KIND VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2290
SKY CONDITION

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05  METERS   -8.45  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS    2.7 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   87.OF DRY BULB   78.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFTLE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              92.9             430.0E-06
   2              94.3             457.0E-06
   3              96.4             510.0E-06
   4              98.6             590.0E-06
   5             1C1.4             730.0E-06
   A             104.5             955.0E-06
   7             106.3             112.0E-05
   8              92.1             418.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      2.93500E-06 GBAM-BCLE-f.
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
        2.098 E-06 QEA.M-MflLE-.E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                         185


         RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER  02

 DATE  6/28/73    START TINE 12:33 'P.M.
 SAMPLING LfcNGTH fcO.C MIN.
AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY  2-3  V»IND VEL. PROFILE  EXP.   0.2280
SKY  CONDITION   35% cloud cover plus light haze

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS  -11.17  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS    2.7 M/SEC
AIR  TEMPERATURE    87.OF DRY BULB   78.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE  -  FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TSMPERATlRif  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM  HG
   1              92.9              430.0E-C6
   2              94.3              457.0E-06
   3              96.4              510.0E-06
   4              98.8              590.0E-06
   5              1C1.4              730.0E-06
   6              104.5              955.0E-06
   7              106.3              112.CE-Q5
   8              92.1              41ft.OE-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.60100E-06 fiS£8_aCLE«£
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.0954 E-06   £ELAiJ_,tJ01.E E
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        186

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATE 6/28/73    START TIME  1:22 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  2-3 KIND VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2270
SKY CONDITION 50% cloud cover plus light haze

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05  METERS   -5.33  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT  3.05 METERS    2.8 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   88.OF DRY BULB   78.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              94.8             470.0E-06
   2              96.2             500.0E-06
   3              98.1             570.0E-06
   4             IOC.4             670.0E-06
   «>             103.1             840.0E-06
   6             106.0             110.0E-05
   7             107.8             125.0E-05
   8              94.2             450.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      3.15100E-06 GB£M.-MDL£_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      2,326  £-06 GaA^-MCLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                         187

         RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

 DATE  6/28/71     START TIME 1:52 P'.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  65.0 MIN.
AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY  2-3  KIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2360
SKY  CONDITION   50% cloud cover plus light haze

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   -4.31  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   2.7 M/SEC
AIR  TEMPERATURE    88.OF DRY BULB   78.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUCRIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERA TIRE  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              96.6              515.0E-06
   2              9fi.O              565.0E-06
   3              q<5.8              650.0E-06
   *             1C2.0              765.0E-06
   5             104.5              955.0E-06
   6             107.2              122.0E-05
   7             108.8              142.0E-05
   8              ()5.8              492.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.352COE-06 £BA.a_M,CL£ £
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.6724  E-06
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                        188

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10    SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATE 6/28/73    START TIME  2:29 P.'M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  3   KIND VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2270
SKY CONDITION 50% cloud cover plus light haze

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05  METERS    10.50  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   2.8  M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   89.5F DRY BULB   78.OF  WET  BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              96.6              515.0E-06
   2              98.0              565.0E-06
   3              99.8              650.0E-06
   4             1C2.0              765.0E-06
   5             104.5              955.0E-06
   6             107.2              122.0E-05
   7             108.8              142.0E-05
   8              95.8              492.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      3.15300E-06 fiBA.JH_M.fll,£_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      3.46487E-06 QBAW-MCLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        189

         RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

 DATE  6/28/73    START TIME 3:06 P^M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH 60.C MIN.
 AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY  3   KIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2280
 SKY  CONDITION  60% cloud cover; with high haze; rain squalls after
                                           4:00 p.m.
 TIME  AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.0b METERS   45.49 DEGREES
 TIME  AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   3.4 M/SEC
 AIR  TEMPERATURE    89.5F DRY BULB   78.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE  -  FLUCRIDE VAPOR PRFSSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPER A TLRE  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              96.6              515.0E-06
   2               98.0              565.0E-06
   3               99.8              650.0E-06
   «              1C2.C              765.0E-06
   5              104.5              955.0E-06
   6              107.2              122.0F-05
   7              108.8              142.0E-05
   8              95.3              492.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVTRAGE AMBIENT AJR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.COCOOE-06
                  ACTUAL cuec  METER
CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUCRIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.R20SGE-06 GBA£L.M.CLE_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                        190

        RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CCNCENTRATION
DOWN WIND  OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION  CODE  10    SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DATE 6/28/73     START  TIME  4:37 P;M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
AIR  STABILITY CATEGORY   3-4  WIND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2280
SKY  CONDITION 50% cloud cover plus light haze

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS   75.66 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   3.7 M/SEC
AIR  TEMPERATURE    88.5F  DRY  BULB   77.5F WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATLRE F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE MM HG
   1              98.1              565.0E-06
   2              99.5              630.0E-06
   3             101.3              725.0E-06
   4             103.5              870.0E-06
   5             106.0              109.0E-05
   6             108.3              137.0E-05
   7             HC.3              162.0E-05
   8              97.3              540.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      2.96600E-C6 GBA.M..MQLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      l.lllle-06   GB.AM._M.CJLE..E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        191
        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND GF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES

POND LOCATION CODF 10    SAMPLER NUMBER  01
DATE 6/28/73    START TIPF 5:04 P'.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  3-4  loIND VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2220
SKY CONDITION Partially sunny;  50% cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  PETERS   69.49  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   4.1 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   85.5F DRY  BULB   76.5F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUCRIOE  VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE MM  HG
   1              98.1              565.0E-06
   2              9<3.5              630.0E-06
   3             101.3              725.0E-06
   4             103. 5              870.0E-06
   5             106.0              109.0E-05
   6             108.7              137.0E-05
   7             110.3              162.0E-05
   8              97.3              540.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      4.12600E-06 QBA13_£3CLE_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIOF  CONCENTRATION
      3.6947  E-06 GB4M.MfliE,E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        192


        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PGNDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 1C    SAMPLER NUMBER  02

DATE  6/29/73   START TIME   9:59 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 65.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY3-4    WIND  V£L.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2310
SKY CONDITION100 to 60% low cloud c°ver; shut down during 1 hour
             rain storm middle of run
TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS   19.54 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED  AT  3.05 METERS   3.6 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   83.5F  DRY  BULB    81.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATLRE  F.DEG     VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   I              87.8              383.0E-06
   2              38.9              387.0E-06
   3              90.6              AOO.OE-06
   A              92.6              425.0E-06
   5              95.1              474.0E-06
   6              98.0              565.0E-06
   7              99.8              645.0E-06
   8              87.A              331.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMpIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.88700E-06 fiBAM-!!BiE_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.33908E-06 GSAU-UflLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        193

         RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIOE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

 DATE   6/29/73   START TIME  10:10'A.M.
 SAMPLING LEMGTH  60.0 MIN.
AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY   4   KIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2330
SKY  CONDITION  100 to 60%  low cloud cover; one hour rain storms between

TIME AVERAGE fit? ^l^HT^ ^S
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPFEO AT 3.05 METERS   3.4 M/SEC
AIR  TEMPERATURE   83.5F DRY BULB   81.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERATURE  F.DEG     VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   £              8?«8              383.0E-06
   2              8P.9              387.0E-06
   *              90-6              4CO.OE-06
   J              92-6              4?5.0E-06
   J              95«l              474.0E-06
   6              9"«0              565.0E-06
   ;              "-0              645.0E-06
   8              87«^              381.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVFRAGE AMBIENT  AIR FLUORIDE CONCFNTRATION
      3.40700E-06 GBAi3_i3CL£_F
                  ACTUAL cuITc  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3.52823E-06 QEA£3_MQLL_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                                    194




15.4.2  Pond 20 Downwind

-------
                                                         195

        RUN  SUMMARY  -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND  OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE  20    SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE   8/15/73   START  TIME  9:37 A.M.
SAMPLING LEMGTH  60.C MTN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   1    WIND VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2550
SKY CONDITION Sunny 107. high cloud  cover

TIME AVERAGE! WIND  DIRECTION  AT  3.05 METERS   39.16 DEGRE=S
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT 3.05  METfcRS   1.3 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    78.5F  DRY  BULB   76.5F WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUCRIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPFRATLRE  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              95.4              440.0E-06
   ?              94.6              V32.0E-06
   3              93.8              426.0E-06
   4              92.5              411.0E-06
   5              91.1              400.0E-06
   6              9G.O              391.0E-06
   7              89.0              388.0E-06
   8              87. S              332.0E-06
   *»              87.8              3B2.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.16000E-06 £B£i3.I3DL£_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
               Q6 G£Aja.MDLf..E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        196

         RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CCNCENTRATICN
 ODWN  WIND  OF  PROCESS rtATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES
 POND  LOCATION  CODE  20   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

 DATE   8/15/73    START TIMg  10:42 A.M.
 SAMPLING  LENGTH  60.C MIN.
AIR  STABILITY  CATFGORY   1    fclND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2490
SKY  CONDITION  Sunny 20% high cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION  AT 3.05 MtTF.RS   35.83 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   1.5 M/SEC
AIR  TEMPERATURE    HA.OF DRY  BULB   79.OF WET BULB
POND T?MPERATUKE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      T6MPERATLRE  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              96.4              455.0E-06
   2              95.6              446.0E-06
   3              94.b              438.0E-06
   4              93.5              421.0E-06
   5              92.1              409.0E-06
   6              91.0              400.0F-06
   7              9C.O              391.0E-06
   8              8«.fa              388.0F-06
   9              88.9              388.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      9.024QOG-07 aEAtd.tiQL£._£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METErR

CALCULATED FIME-AVEXAGE  AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.02877E-06 aaAM.MQLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        197

         RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  CF  PROCESS HATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUOR IDF<;


 POND  LOCATION CODE  20   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

 DATE   8/15/73   START TIME  1:10 P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60.C WIN.
AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY   1-2  HIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2350
SKY  CONDITION  Sunny; 20 to  50% middle cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   -5.00 DEGRrES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   2.0 M/SEC
AIR  TEMPERATURE    09.OF  DRY BULB   79.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUHRIDE  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERATURE  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE PM HG
   1             104.5              603.0E-06
   2             103.4              568.0E-06
   3             102.3              555.0E-06
   J             ICC. 3              517.0E-06
   •j              93. 3              480.0E-06
   5              96-5              458.0F-06
   1              9^*2              4AO.OE-06
   "              93-6              420.0E-06
   9              93-6              420.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      6.565D05-07
                            _
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      4.9983  E-OY StiAy_ilCi£-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METFR

-------
                                                        198

        RUN  SUMMARY -  AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
POND  LOCATION CODE  20    SAMPLER  NUMBER  02

DATE   8/15/73    START  TIME   1:09 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 HIM.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   1-2  WIND  VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2350
SKY CONDITION Sunny; 20 to 50% middle cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS   -5.00  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   2.0 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   89.0F  DRY  BULB   79.0F  NET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPOR PRESSURE  MM HG
   1             104.5             603.06-06
   2             103.A             568.0E-06
   3             102.3             555.0E-06
   «             100.3             517.0E-06
   5              98.3             480.0E-06
   6              96.5             458.0E-06
   7              95.2             440.0E-06
   8              93.6             420.0E-06
   9              93.6             420.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.37600E-06 GRAM MOLF F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.7537  E-06 GqAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        199

         RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE  20   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

 DATE   8/15/73   START TIME  2:20 P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY   1'2  VJNDVEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2320
SKY  CONDITION  Sunny; 50% middle cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRtCTION  AT 3.05 METERS    6.67 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   2.0 M/SEC
AIR  TEMPERATURE    96.OF DRY  BULB   82.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERATURE  F.DEG    VAPGR  PRESSURE MM HG
   1             104.5              603.0E-06
   2             103.4              568.0E-06
   3             102.3              555.0E-06
   *             IOC. 3              517.0E-06
   5              98.3              480.0E-06
   6              96.5              458.0E-06
   7              95.2              440.0E-06
   8              93.6              420.0E-06
   9              93.6              420.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      5.30500E-07
                        ._
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METtR

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      8.2618  E_07 GKAJJ_£CLE_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METIER

-------
                                                       200

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DATE  8/15/73   START TIHE  2:20 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  1-2  WIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2320
SKY CONDITION Sunny; 50% middle cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.C5 METERS   15.00 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   2.0 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   96.OF DRY BULB   82.OF ViET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR PRESSURE KM HG
   1             104.5             6C3.0E-06
   2             103.4             568.0E-06
   3             102.3             555.0E-06
   4             100.3             517.0E-06
   5              98.3             480.0E-06
   6              96.5             458.0E-06
   7              95.2             440.0E-06
   8              93.6             420.0E-06
   9              93.6             420.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      U24700E-06
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
     2.1718   E-06 GRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                         201

        RUN  SUMMARY -  AMBIENT AIR FLLORIOE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND  OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE  20    SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE  8/16/73   START  TIME  8:49 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   1-2  UNO VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2450
SKY CONDITION Sunny; 0% cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION  AT  3.05 METERS   44.99 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  $PEtD  AT 3.05 METERS   1.9 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    81.OF  DRY  BULB    77.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              '>0.0              391.0E-06
   2              *9.9              390.0E-06
   3              89.5              390.0E-06
   A              88.9              389.0E-06
   5              88.3              388.0E-06
   6              97-^              382.0E-06
   7              87.2              381.0E-06
   8              **'>.B              380.0E-06
   9              *6.8              380.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.08300F-06 QB.A,M.-22QiE_£
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.3629  £-06 QaA.M,_M.fllE_E
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        202

        RUN  SUMMARY  -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE  20    SAMPLER  NUMBER 01

DATE  8/16/73    START  TIME   9:57 A.*.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   1    hlMD  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.   0.2530
SKY CONDITION    Sunny 0 to 5% high cioud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS    32.50  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED  AT  3.05 METERS    1.5 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   83.OF  D3Y  BULB    78.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUCRIOE  VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE  F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE MM HG
   1              91.2              401.0E-06
   2              90.7              396.0E-06
   3              90.3              395.0E-06
   A              89.6              390.0E-06
   5              89.2              388.0E-06
   6              87.9              383.0E-06
   7              87.3              302.0fc-06
   8              86.8              381.0E-06
   9              86.8              381.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CCNCENTRATIGN
      8.146QOE-C7 SaAB-HDLE-l;
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      9.68466E-07 GBAIL1SCLE.-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        203

        RUN  SUMMARY -  AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE 20    SAMPLER NUMBER  02

 DATE   8/16/73   START  TIME   10:05  A.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   I    MIND  VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2530
SKY CONDITION  Sunny; 0 to 57, high cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT 3.05 METERS   32.50  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   1.5 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   83.OF DRY  BULB   78.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              91.2             401.0E-06
   2              90. 7             396.0E-06
   3              90.3             395.0E-06
   4              89.6             390.0E-06
   5              89.2             388.0E-06
   6              87.3             383.06-06
   7              «6-8             382.0E-06
   8              86.8             38L.OE-06
   9               0-0             381.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.33700E-06 GRAM MOLE g
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.2406 IE- 06
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        204

        RUN SUMMARY  -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE  20    SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE  8/16/73    START  TIME   11:15 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 WIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   1    KIND  VCL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2500
SKY CONDITION   Sunny 10 to 50% midheight cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05.  METERS    31.66 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE tflND SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   1.5 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   36.OF  DRY  BULB    79.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE  F.D5G    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              94.3              430.0E-06
   2              93.5              421.0E-06
   3              92.8              417.0E-06
   A              91.6              't04.0E-06
   5              9C.5              396.0E-06
   6              89.5              390.0E-06
   7              88.6              387.0E-06
   8              38.1              383.0E-06
   9              8R.1              383.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      7.52300E-07 QBAM-BQLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.03727E-06 QeA.M.-M.CLE-!!
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                       205

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN MIND OF PROCESS MATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DATE  8/16/73   START TIME  11:15 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   1   WIND  VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2500
SKY CONDITION  Sunny; 10 to 50% midheight cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE MIND DIRECTION AT  3.05 METERS   32.50 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE MINO SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS    1.5 F/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   86.OF  DRY BULB   79.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              94.3             430.0E-06
   2              93.5             421.0E-06
   3              92.8             417.0E-06
   4              91.6             404.0E-06
   5              90.5             396.0E-06
   6              89.5             390.0E-06
   7              88.6             387.0E-06
   8              88.1             383.0E-06
   9              88.1             383.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.05600E-06 GRAH MQIE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.33679E-06 GRAM MQIE E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        206

        RUN SUMMARY -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20    SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE  8/16/73    START  TI WE   12:25 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   1    KIND VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2340
SKY CONDITION  Sunny 50% midheight cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION  AT  3.05 METERS   39.16 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT  3.05  METERS   1.9 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    88.OF  DRY  BULB   79.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUCRIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              99.3              5CO.OE-06
   2              9P.3              480.0E-06
   3              97.4              469.0E-06
   u              95.7              447.0E-06
   5              94.1              428.0E-06
   6              92.6              412.0E-06
   7              91.5              403.0E-06
   8              90.0              391.0E-06
   9              9C.O              391.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.05500E-06 QRAM._M.CL£_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.11468E-06 G£AM._MjflL£_F_
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                       207

         RUN  SUMMARY -  AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE 20    SAMPLER NUMBER  02

 DATE   8/16/73   START  TIME   I2s26  P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   I    WIND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.   0.2340
SKY CONDITION  Sunny  50% midheight cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS   40.00  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   1.9 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   88.OF DRY  BULB   79.0F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   I              99.3             50C.OE-06
   2              98.3             48C.OE-06
   3              97.4             469.0E-06
   *              95.7             447.0E-06
   5              94.1             428.0E-06
   6              92.6             412.0E-06
   7              91.5             403.0E-06
   8              90.0             39UOE-06
   9              9C.O             39UOE-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.22200E-06 GRAM MQtE. F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.31222E-06 GRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       208

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS HATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER  02

DATE  8/16/73   START TIME  ls*9 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   I   WIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2400
SKY CONDITION  Sunny; 507o  mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   -9.17 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS    1.5 H/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   93.OF  DRY BULB   81.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1             102.1             550.0E-06
   2             101.0             528.0E-06
   3             100.0             510.0E-06
   4              98.2             480.0E-06
   5              96.3             453.0E-06
   6              94.8             437.0E-06
   7              93.6             422.0E-06
   8              92.3             41C.OE-06
   9              92.3             410.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.46800E-06 PRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.189UE-C6 GRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                         209

         RUM SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND OF  PROCESS W\TER PONDS CONTAINING  DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE 2C   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

 DATE   8/17/73   START TIME  S:40 P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY  2   MNO VEL. PROFILE £XP.   0.2390
SKY  CONDITION  Sunny  10 to 307, high cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.0f> METERS   80.49 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SP^ED AT  3.05 METERS   2.3 M/SEC
AIR  TEMPERATURE    S3.OF DRY 3ULB   SO.OF WET BULB
POND TEMP6KATUKE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERATURE  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   l             100.9              525.0E-06
   2              9-3.5              500.0E-06
   5              9fi.2              480.0E-06
   4              95.9              443.0E-06
   5              93.7              423.0E-06
   6              91.8              480.0F-06
   7              9Q.4              395.0E-C6
   8              BB.7              3B7.0F.-06
   c)              H8.7              397.GE-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.16300E-06 Q2AM_tdQL£_F_
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVEKAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.68091E-06 G£Aii-i3CL£_£.
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC M.ETER

-------
                                                       210

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN NINO OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DATE  8/17/73   START TIME  9s42 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  2   WIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2390
SKY CONDITION  Sunny   10 to 307» high cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   80.49 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   2.3 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   83.OF DRY BULB   80.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1             100.9             525.0E-06
   2              99.5             5CO.OE-06
   3              98.2             480.0E-06
   4              95.9             448.0E-06
   5              93.7             423.0E-06
   6              91.8             408.0E-06
   7              90.A             395.0E-06
   8              88.7             387.0E-06
   9              88.7             387.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.24700E-06
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      7.25986E-07 GRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        211

         RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIK FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF PROCESS WATER PQNOS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  f-LUORIDFS


 POND  LOCATION CODE  20   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

 GATE   8/17/73   START TIME  10:48 A.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   2    MNO VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2270
SKY CONDITION  Sunny  30 to 50% midheight cloud cover

TIVP AVERAGE WIND  DIRtCTION AT  3.0*3 METERS   83.32 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPFED AT  3.05 METERS   Z.fl M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    86.OF DRY 8ULB   80.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  I-LUGRI06  VAPHR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPER/HIRE  F.DEG     VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1             102.9              568.0E-06
   ?             101. 5              539.0E-06
   3             100.^1              S12.0E-06
   «              ^7.9              475.0E-06
   5              95.7              A45.0E-06
   ft              93.9              4?7.0h-06
   7              9?. 4              410.0E-06
   8              90.7              395.0E-06
   *>              9Q.7              395.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT  AIR  FLLORIDE CONCENTR AT ICN
      1.63700E-06 G8lAIi_MOLL_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED T IMt-AVEP A'iE AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
               06 GaAW_aQL£_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                        212

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20    SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATE  8/17/73    START TIME   12:20  P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  2    WIND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.   0.2250
SKY CONDITION  Sunny  50  to 70% midheight cloud cover

TIKE AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT 3.05  METERS    77.99  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   2.9 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   89.OF DRY  BULB   81.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUCRIDF VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1             104.1              592.0E-06
   2             102.9              566.0E-06
   3             101.7              540.0E-06
   A              99.7              502.0E-06
   5              97.6              471.0E-06
   6              95.9              448.0E-06
   7              94.5              432.0E-06
   8              92.7              414.0E-06
   9              92.7              414.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVEKAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.82100E-06 GSAb»tiaL£-£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC
CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR.  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.70660E-06 GJiAtf-BCLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        213

        RUN SUMMARY  -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CCNCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20    SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE  8/17/17    START  TIME    1:30 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  fcC.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   2    hl.MD VCL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2310
SKY CONDITION   Sunny 60% midhelght cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION  AT 3.05 METERS   74.99 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   3.0 M/SEC
AI« TEMPERATURE    90.OF DRY  RULB   81.OF WET BULB
POfJD TEMPERATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR "RESSURE PROFILE

SEGMFNT      T£MpF.PATli<£  F.DEG     VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   I             104.1              592.0E-06
   2             102.9              563.0E-06
   3             101.7              540.0E-06
   4              99.7              502.0E-06
   *>              97.6              471.0E-06
   ^              95.9              448.0E-06
   7              94.5              432.0E-06
   8              92.7              414.0E-06
   <»              92.7              414.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT  AIR  FLIORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.75100E-06 QiAiJ^iJDLE-F.
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC
CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.72b29E-06 QaAtf-M.fcLEL-E.
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        214

        RUN  SUMMARY  -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF  PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE  20    SAMPLER  NUMBER 01

DATE  8/17/73    START  TIME   2:37 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   2    WIND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2310
SKY CONDITION  Sunny 60% midheight cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS   73.32 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED  AT  3.05 METERS   3.0 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   91.OF  DRY  8ULB   80.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATLRE  F.DEG    VAPOR  PRESSURE MM HG
   1             104.1              592.0E-06
   ?             102.9              56S.OE-06
   3             101.7              540.0E-06
   4              "39.7              502.0E-06
   5              97.6              471.0E-06
   6              95.9              448.0E-06
   7              94.5              432.0E-06
   8              92.7              414.0E-06
   9              92.7              414.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.98000E-06 GBAU.IdQLE..L
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METtR

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.73778E-06 G&A.M_M,DL£_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        215

        RUN SUGARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CCNCENTRATICN
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE: 20   SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATE  8/18/73   START TIME   9:33 'A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH fcO.C HIM.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  2    KINO  VCL.  PROFILE EXP.   0.2240
SKY CONDITION  Sunny  5 to 10% high cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  VETnRS    84.32  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGt WIND SPEED AT  3.05 MET£RS   3.2 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   84.OF DRY  BULB   80.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUCRIDF  VADGR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TcMPERATLRE F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE MM HG
   1              9'J.l              492.0E-06
   2              9H.O              478.0E-06
   3              96.9              460.0E-06
   4              95.0              433.0E-06
   5              93.1              420.0E-06
   6              91.6              402.0M-06
   7              89.9              391.0E-C6
   B              88.5              385.0E-06
   9              8ft.5              385.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIFNT  AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1 .55dOOF:-C6 Q2M_£iDL£.E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  M5T5R

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CCNCENTRATION
      1.47713E-G6 fiaaJS-UflLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC

-------
                                                        216

         RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CCNCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
 POND  LOCATION CODE 20
 DATE   8/18/73    START TIME
 SAMPLING  LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
                        SAMPLER NUMBER  01

                             10:40 A.M.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY
SKY CONDITION   Sunny  10
                         2   KIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.
                         to 30% midheight cloud cover
0.2210
 TIME AVERAGE  WIND  DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   97.99 DEGREES
 TIME AVERAGE  WIND  SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   3.2 M/SEC
 AIR TEMPERATURE    87.OF  DRY BULB   80.OF WET BULB
POND  TEMPERATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE
SEGMENT      TEMPERATURE  F.DEG
   1             101.1
   2              99.0
   3              97.6
   «              96.0
   5              94.1
   6              92.6
   7              9C.9
   8              89.5
   9              89.5
                                 VAPOR PRESSURE MM  HG
                                   530.0E-06
                                   492.0E-06
                                   470.0E-06
                                   459.0E-06
                                   430.0E-06
                                   M3.0E-06
                                   398.0E-06
                                   390.0E-06
                                   390.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.63400E-06 QBAtl_£!QLE_F.
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.53005E-06 GfiAB_MCL£_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                        217

        RUN SUMMARY -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PCNDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE  20    SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE  8/18/73    START  TIME   12:00 N.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.C WIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGfJPY   2    UIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2260
SKY CONDITION    Sunny  30 to 60% midheight cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  PETERS   87.32 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WlNC SPEfcD  AT  3.05  METERS   2.8 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   01.OF DRY  BULB   80.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUGRIDF  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE  F.DEG     VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              103.3              575.0E-06
   2             102.1              550.0E-06
   3             101.5              539.0E-06
   4              9S..9              508.0E-06
   5              98.0              478.0E-06
   6              96.6              457.0E-06
   7              9:>.4              442.0E-06
   8              93.9              427.0E-06
   *»              93.9              427.0E-C6
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE  AMRIENT  AIR FLtGRIDF. CONCENTRATION
      1.71700E-06 GaA.M,_M.£LE,_E
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CCNCENTRATICN
      I.B0186E-06 G.£AM.-£IjLE_EL
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        218

         RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE  20   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

 DATE   8/18/73   START TIME  1:10 P'.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
AIR  STABILITY CATEGORY   2-3  KIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2300
SKY  CONDITION Partially sunny; 60% mid-height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS  100.65 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT 3.05  METERS   2.8 M/SEC
AIR  TEMPERATURE    91.OF  DRY BULB   81.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERATURE  F.DEG     VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1             104.3              600.0E-06
   2             103.1              570.0E-06
   3             102.5              560.0E-06
   4             ICC.9              524.0E-06
   5              99.0              492.0E-06
   6              97.6              470.0E-06
   7              96.4              453.0E-06
   8              94.9              437.0E-06
   9              94.9              437.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.70900E-06 aSAfii_MQL£-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.2197  E-06 GRAM.-M.DJLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                        219

        RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CCIMCENTRAT ION
DOWN WIND OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE  2C   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE   8/19/73   START TIME  9:25 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   1-2  WIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.   0.2570
SKY CONDITION Slight haze; 30 to 60% midheight cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   94.99  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEtD  AT 3.05 METERS    1.2 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURfc    B3.0F  ORV BULB   81.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERATURE  F.DEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              97.8              472.0E-06
   2              36.7              459.0E-06
   3              95. 8              447.0E-06
   «              9«.3              430.0E-06
   5
   6
   1          '    90. A              392.0E-06
   8              89.0              388.0E-06
   9              8*3.0              3B8.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.29900E-06 fiBASl.I2QLE_E
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.5874  E-06
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                       220
        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION,
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATE  8/19/73   START TIME   10:30  A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   1-2  MND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.   0.2530
SKY CONDITION 60 to 50% midheight cloud cover

TIME AVERAGr- WIND DIRECTION  AT 3.05  METERS   105.82  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   1.4 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   85.OF  DRY  BULB   80.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE MM HG
   1              99.8              505.0E-06
   2              98.7              488.0E-06
   3              97.8              475.0E-06
   4              96.3              454.0E-06
   5              94.8              438.0E-06
   6              93.4              420.0E-06
   7              92.4              410.0E-06
   a              91.0              400.0E-06
   9              91.0              400.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      8.78200E-07 £2&a_i!QL£.-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CCNCENTRAT ION
      1.5199  E-06 GBAI4JSC1.L..E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        221

        RUN SUMMARY -  AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATt  8/19/73    START  TIME   11:36'  A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CAirGQRY   1    V.IND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.   0.2500
SKY CONDITION  50 to 40% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS    89.99  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPFfcD  AT 3.05 METERS   1.4  M/SEC
AI? TEMPERATURE   8R.OF  DRY  BULB   80.OF  WET  BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATIRF F.OFG    VAPCR  PRESSURE MM HG
   1             101.8              543.0E-06
   2             IOC.7              522.0E-06
   3              99.8              505.0E-06
   4              98.3              480.0E-06
   5              96.8              460.0E-06
   6              95.4              442.0E-06
   7              94.4              430.0E-06
   «              93.0              418.0E-06
   9              93.0              418.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      9.90900E-07 GB&JS..MULE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CCNCENTRATION
      1.43956E-OA aaAJ3_MQLE_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        222

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE  8/19/73   START TIME   12:43 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  1   KIND VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2460
SKY CONDITION  Sunny; 50 to 70% midheight cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   101*65  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPFED AT 3.05 METERS    1.6 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   89.OF DRY BULB   81.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1             103.8             588.0E-06
   2             102.7             560.0E-06
   3             101.8             545.0E-06
   4             ICC.3             515.0E-06
   5              98.8             490.0E-06
   6              97.4             468.0F-06
   7              96.4             452.0E-06
   8              95.0             439.0E-06
   9              95.0             439.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.31000E-06 GBMJ-M,QL£_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AJR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.47435E-06 fiaAfl-JJQLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        223

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN HIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATE  8/20/73   START TIME  9*10 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   1-2 HIND  VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2450
SKY CONDITION Sunny; .slight haze; 30% midheight cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE MIND DIRECTION AT  3.05 METERS   90.49  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE MIND SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   1.9 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   82.OF  DRY BULB   80.0F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR PRESSURE  MK  HG
   1              89.0             388.0E-06
   2              89.0             388.0E-06
   3              89.0             388.0E-06
   4              89.0             388.0E-06
   5              89.0             388.0E-06
   6              89.0             388.0E-06
   1              89,0             388.0E-06
   8              89.0             388.0E-06
   9              89.0             388.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.06300E-06 GRAM MOI^F F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1. 3321 E-06 GRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        224

        RUN  SUMMARY -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20    SAMPLER  NUMBER 02

DATE  8/20/73  START  TIME    9:31 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   1-2  WIND  VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2450
SKY CONDITION Sunny, slight haze; 307=, midheight cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS   84.66  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   2.0 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   82.OF  DRY  BULB   80.0F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   I              89.0             388.0E-06
   2              89.0             388.0E-06
   3              89.0             388.0E-06
   4              89.0             388.0E-06
   5              89.0             388.0E-06
   6              89.0             388.0E-06
   7              89.0             388.0E-06
   8              89.0             388.0E-06
   9              89.0             388.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      6.86700E-07
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      4.2480   -07 G.R.AM HOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        225

        RUN SUMMARY  -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CCNTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION COUc  <>0    SAMPLF.R NUMBER 01

DATE  8/20/73    START  Tlf'F   IC:35 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   1-2  VJNO VcL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2430
SKY CONDITION Sunny; 40% midheight cloud  cover

TIME AVERAG? WIND  DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   84.99 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGt WlNC  SPFED AT 3.05 METERS   1.8 M/SEC
AH TEMPERATURE;    85. OF DRY BULB   80.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FUJCRIDF  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERA rtRE  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              00.5              395.0E-06
   2              90. 5              395.0E-06
   3              9C.5              395.0E-06
   A              9C.5              395.0E-06
   5              90.5              395.0F.-06
   6              90.5              395.0^-06
   7              9C.5              395.0E-06
   R              ^0.5              395.0E-06
   9              9C.5              395.0E-Q6
MPASUREO TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      9.43600E-07 Qa*Ci-tlDL£_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVtRAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.4293  E-^6 Q£A^»IiQL£_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                        226

        RUN SUMMARY *  AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN HIND OF  PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE  20    SAMPLER  NUMBER  02

DATE  8/20/73    START  TIME   10s38  A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   1-2  WIND  VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2430
SKY CONDITION Sunny; 40% midheight cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE MIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS   84.99  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   1.8 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   85.OF  DRY  BULB    80.OF  MET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPOR PRESSURE  MM HG
   I              90.5             395.0E-06
   2              90.5             395.0E-06
   3              90.5             395.0E-06
   4              90.5             395.0E-06
   5              90.5             395.0E-06
   6              90.5             395.0E-06
   7              90.5             395.0E-06
   8              90.5             395.0E-06
   9              90.5             395.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.00200E-06 GRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      4.4878  E-07 QRflM MqL^ F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        227

         RUN  SUMMARY -  AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF PROCESS MATER  PONOS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE 20    SAMPLER NUMBER  01

 DATE   8/20/73  START  TIME   1S57 P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 HIM.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   i    WIND  VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2410
SKY CONDITION  60% to 50% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE HIND  DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS  95.82  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   1.7 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    92.OF  DRY  BULB   79.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MH  HG
   1              96.5             457.0E-06
   2              96.5             457.06-06
   3              96.5             457.0E-06
   *              96.5             457.0E-06
   5              96.5             457.0E-06
   6              96.5             457.0E-06
   7              96.5             457.0E-06
   8              96.5             457.0E-06
   9              96.5             457.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      5.81500E-07 GRAM MHI.P p
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      7.50059E-07 GRAM Mflt F f
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       228

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATE  8/21/73   START TIME  9:15 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  5   MIND VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2680
SKY CONDITION    Ground fog; 100% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE HIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS -106.65 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   1.2 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   78.OF DRY BULB   77.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   I              90.2             392.0E-06
   2              89.8             391.0E-06
   3              89.5             390.0E-06
   4              88.9             388.0E-06
   5              88.3             384.0E-06
   6              87.6             381.0E-06
   7              87.2             381.0E-06
   8              86.8             381.0E-06
   9              86.8             381.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.95800E-07 gRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3.45543E-08 GRAM MQLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        229

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING  DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER  02

DATE  8/21/73   START TIME  9519 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  5   WIND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.   0.26J
SKY CONDITION Ground fog, 100% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT  3.05  METERS -106.65  DEGREI
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT  3.05 METERS   U2 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   78.OF DRY BULB   77.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   I              90.2             392.0E-06
   2              89.8             391.0E-06
   3              89.5             390.0E-06
   «              88.9             388.0E-06
   5              88.3             384.0E-06
   6              87.6             381.0E-06
   7              87.2             381.0E-06
   8              86.8             381.0E-06
   9              86.8             381.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      5.33100E-07 CRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATIC
      °»0         GRAM MOLF F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       230

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS MATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATE  8/21/73   START TIME   10*30 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  3   WIND  VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2630
SKY CONDITION  Lifting ground fog; 100 to 80% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT  3.03  METERS   51.66  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT  3.05 METERS   1.6 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   80.OF DRY BULB   77.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPOR PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              90.2             392.0E-06
   2              89.9             39UOE-06
   3              89.5             390.0E-06
   4              88.9             388.0E-06
   5              88.3             38A.OE-06
   6              87.6             381.0E-06
   7              87.2             381.0E-06
   8              86.8             381.0E-06
   9              86.8             381.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      3.45600E-07 G3AM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      8.50991E-07 G.R.AJ MpLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        231

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DATE  8/21/73   START TIME  10:27 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  3   WIND  VEL. PROFILE EXP.   0.2680
SKY CONDITION    Lifting ground  fog;  100 to  807. mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   51.66 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS    1.6 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   78.OF DRY BULB   77.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              90.2             392.0E-06
   2              89.9             391.0E-06
   3              89.5             390.0E-06
   «              88.9             388.0E-06
   5              88.3             384.0E-06
   6              87.6             381.0E-06
   7              87.2             381.0E-06
   8              86.8             381.0E-06
   9              86.8             381.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      3.67200E-07 GRAM MQL.E. £
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      °-°         GRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                                    232




15.4.3  Pond 10 Upwind Sampler - 03

-------
                                                        233

        RUN  SUMMARY  -  AMBIENT  AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PRCCCSS WATER  PONDS  CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10    SAMPLER NUMBER 03

DATE  6/21/73    START  TI,«E   10:43'A.f».
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 WIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   4    KIND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.   0.2350
SKY CONDITION  Overcast -  Showers

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS   28.00  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   2.8 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   80.OF  DRY  BULB   UNK. F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUCRIOE VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATLRF F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE MM HG
   1              90.3              397.0E-06
   2              91.4              408.0E-06
   3              92.9              430.0E-06
   «              94.6              462.0E-06
   5              96.7              520.0E-C6
   6              99.0              610.0E-06
   7             IOC.4              673.0E-C6
   8              89.7              390.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      0«°         2dAi3_IiCL£-£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METSR

CALCULATED TlME-AVErtAGF AMBIENT  AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      0.0         SSAfl.M£L£.£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                         234

        RUN SUMMARY  -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CGNCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF  PROCESS WATGR PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION  CODE  10    SAMPLER NUMBFR 03

HATE  6/21/73    SMRT  T I !«E  5:12 P.V.
SAMPLING LENGTH  6U. L MIN.
AIS STABILITY CATf;r,nhY   3   VvlND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2210
SKY CONDITION      95% overcast

TIMB AVcRAGs WIND  DIRECTION AT 3.0^ VETERS   47.16  DEGREES
TIME AVE«AG£ WIND  .'jPEfcD  AT ?-.05 METERS   3.7 M/SEC
AH TEMPERATURE    H1.5F  DRY BULB   79.5F WET BULB
POND TEMPErtATU«5 -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMF.NT      T6MPERATLRF  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE VM  HG
   1              H9.5              410.0E-06
   2              90.9              43UOE-06
   3              Q2.6              470.Oc—^6
   4              
-------
                                                        235

         RUN  SUMMARY -•AMBIENT-AIR FLLCR IDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE  10   SAMPLER NUMBER 03

 DATE   6/22/33   START TINE  3:47 P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60. C MIN.
AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY   4   UIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2090
SKY  CONDITION  907. overcast - mixed mid and low cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION  AT 3.05 METERS   29.66 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT 3.05  METERS   4.4 M/SEC
AIR  TEMPERATURE    «U.5F  DRY  BULB   77.5F WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FL'JCRIDt  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERATLRE  F.DEG     VAPGR PRESSURE MM HG
   I              93.3              438.05-06
   ?              95.0              472.0E-06
   3              97.0              530.0E-06
   4             ICC.3              67Q.OE-06
   5             103.8              9CO.OE-06
   6             107.9              130.0E-05
   7             110.3              162.0E-05
   8              92.4              420.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      0.0         iifi^M_ifCL£-£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AlK FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      0.0         GBAJa-MCLE.E .
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                        236

        RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT  AIR FLL'CPIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS  CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODS 1C    SAMPLER  NUMBER 03

DATE  6/28/73    START TIME   10:26 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   3    hIND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2280
SKY CONDITION  25% cloud cover plus light haze

TI«E AVERAGE WIND  OIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS    5.50 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE rtlND  SPFED  AT  3.05 METERS    2.9 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    B3.0F  DRY  3ULB    79.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMfcNT     TEMPERATLRE F.OEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE MM HG
   1              89.1              388.0E-06
   2              QC.6              4CO.OE-06
   3              93.2              433.0E-06
   4              94.7              470.0E-06
   5              97.7              560.0E-06
   6             100.*              700.0E-06
   7             IC2.6              805.0E-06
   8              8U.3              385.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      9.239CGc-C7 Q!i^M_MCL£_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

C4LCUL\TED TIME-AV6RAGE AMBIENT  AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION

                  ACTUAL CUBIC METtR

-------
                                                        237

        RUN  SUMMARY -  AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10    SAMPLER NUMBER  03

DATE  6/28/73    START  TIME   3:59 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  fcO.C HIM.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   4    WIND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.   0.2000
SKY CONDITION   50% cloud  cover plus  light haze

TIME AVERAGr WINO DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS    82.49  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   4.H M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   85.5F  DRY  BULB   76.5F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE  F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE MM HG
   1              98.1              565.0E-06
   2              90.5              630.0E-06
   3             101.3              725.0E-06
   4             103.5              870.0E-06
   5             106.0              109.0E-05
   6             108.7              137.0E-05
   7             11C.3              162.0E-05
   8              97.3              540.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      l.OS/CCE-Oe 5BAH.ilQLE_f;
                  ACTUAL CUB?C METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVFRAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CCNCENTRATION
               07 aa&iJ_MQL£_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        238

        RUN  SUMMARY  -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF  PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE  1C    SAMPLER  NUMBER 03

DATE  6/29/73    START  TIME   11:22 A.M.
      NG LENGTH  b3.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   3    KIND VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2320
SKY CONDITION 60% cloud cover - one hour rain squall just over
     AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION  AT  3.05 METERS   18.56 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPciED  AT  3.05 METERS   3.3 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    S3.5F  DRY  RULB    81. OF WET BULB
POND TFMP5RATU4& - FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TifMRERATlRF  F.DEG     VAPCR PRESSURE KM HG
   1              Hf.a              393.0E-06
   2              P8.9              387.0E-06
   3              9C.6              400.0E-06
   A              92.6              425.0E-06
   5              95.1              474.0E-06
   *              9H.O              565.0E-06
   7              99.8              645.0E-C6
   R              ^7.4              381.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      6.78000E-07 fifiAiJ.!S£LE.£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC MFTER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT  AIR FLIORIDE CONCENTRATION
      0.0         GaAM-tfCLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                                     239
                15.5   Unusable Ambient Air Fluorine
                   Concentration Measurements

     The  measurements tabled in  this appendix were  not  used  in
 developing  the  correlations shown in Figures 10.1 and 10.2 for a
 number of reasons.  Each reason  is  covered separately on  the page
 just before  the data  sheets describing  the unused runs.

 15.5.1  Pond 10
     Concentrations measured by  sampler 01, the sampler nearest the
pond when the wind velocity was  over 5 meters/sec are considerably
higher than the predicted values, Figure  15.4.  Since measurements
made with sampler 02  during the  same period did not show  this trend
and no entrainment was noted, it  is likely  that the dispersion model
cannot handle the combination of high wind speeds and short
distances.

-------
                                                            240
                              MEASURED
Figure 15.4   Fond 10 Sampler 01, high wind speed experiments
             x 10"6 g moles/m3

-------
                                                         241

         RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLL'OR IDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN  WIND  OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


POND  LOCATION CODE  10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE   6/16/73   START TIME  10:27 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.C M[N.
AIR STABILITY  CATEGORY   4   MI NO VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.1860
SKY CONDITION   High overcast - sun casting light shadow

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION  AT  3.05 METERS   19.66 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPCED  AT 3.05 METERS   5.8 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    33.OF  DRY  BULB   73.5F WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUCRIDE  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPFRATLRE  F.DEG     VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              89.8              391.0E-06
   2              91.0              403.0E-06
   3              92.7              429.0E-06
   4              95.8              495.0E-06
   5              99.5              630.0E-06
   6             104.0              815.0F-06
   7             106.7              116.0E-05
   8              88.6              3R7.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      5.11500E-06 SBAM-.MflL£_£
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGF  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CCNCENTRAI ION
      3.73775E-06 fiaAH_iiDLE_EL
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC KETER

-------
                                                         242

        RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CCNCFNTSATIGN
     WIND OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION  CODE  10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE  6/16/72    START TIME  11:40 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  fcu.O WIN.
MR STABILITY  CATEGORY   4   hIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.1R20
SKY CONDITION  High overcast

TIME  AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT 3.0*5 METERS   16.33  DEGREES
TIM£  AVERAGE WIND  SPFED  AT  3.05 METERS   6.1 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    86.5T  DRY BULB   75.OF WET BULB
POND  TEMPERATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERAfL*E  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              89.d              391.0E-C6
   2              91.0              403.0E-06
   3              92.9              429.0E-06
   4              95.8              495.0E-06
   5              9<5.5              630.0E-06
   6             104.0              815.0E-06
   7             106.7              116.0F-05
   8              HB.6              3P7.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVflRAGE Af'BlENT  AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      5.4320CE- 06 a£Ji!j_i2i:L£_E
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC METcR

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLLORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3.76698E-06 SBAil.M£L£-E
                  ACTUAL  CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        243

         RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE  10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

 DATE   6/16/73   START TIME  1:31 P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  fcO.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY  CATEGORY   4   KIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.1800
SKY CONDITION High overcast - sun shining through slightly

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT  3.05 METERS   12.17 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WlNO S^EEO  AT  3.Ob  METERS   6.3 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    36.OF  DRY OULB   73.5F WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERATURE  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              91.0              403.0E-06
   2              92.4              420.0E-06
   3              94.3              458.0E-06
   *              97.2              535.0E-06
   5             101.0              710.0E-06
   6             105.6              106.0F-05
   f             108.7              14Q.OE-C5
   8              90.0              392.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCFNTRATION
      5.75800F.-06 GSA^_t!QL£_F
                  ACTUAL cualc  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      4.23588E-06 CiaAtLttCLL-L
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                        244

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CCNCENTRATION
OOWM WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATE  6/16/73   START TIME  2:48 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  4   kIND VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2050
SKY CONDITION  High overcast - short,  light shower

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05  METERS   13.83  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT  3.05 METERS    5.3 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   H2.5F DRY BULB   73.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1              91.0             403.0E-06
   2              92.4             420.0E-06
   3              9^.3             458.0E-06
   4              97.2             535.0E-06
   5             1G1.0             710.0E-06
   6             105.6             106.0E-05
   7             108.7             140.0E-05
   8              90.0             392.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CCNCENTRATION
      6.503COE-06 GBAU.MCL£.£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AlK FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      4.81573E-06 GBAJJ.JJCLE_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                         245

         RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

 DATE   6/16/73   START TIME  3:55 P.I*.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60.C MIN.
AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY   A   KIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2100
SKY  CONDITION    High overcast

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT 3.05 VETERS   14.66 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGF WIND  SPEED  AT  3.05 METERS   4.9 M/SEC
AIR  TEMPERATURE    12.OF  DRY uULB   73.OF WET BULB
POND T = MPEHATUi
-------
                                                        246

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER  01
DATE  6/16/73   START TIME
SAMPLING LENGTH fcO.C MIN.
                            5:00
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  4   UIND VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.1920
SKY CONDITION     High overcast
TIME AVERAGE WIND
TIME AVERAGE WINR
AIR TEMPERATURE
                  DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS    14.66
                  SPEED AT 3.C5 METERS   6.1  M/SEC
                  82. OF DRY BULB   74. OF WET  BULB
                                                    DEGREES
PONO TEMPERATURE - FLUC^IOE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE
SEGMENT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
TEMPERATURE
91.0
92.4
94.3
97.2
101.0
105.6
1CP.7
90.0
                        F.DEG    VAPfR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
                                   403.0E-06
                                   420.0E-06
                                   458.0E-06
                                   535.0E-06
                                   71C.OE-06
                                   106.0E-05
                                   1AO.OE-C5
                                   392.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      5.67900E-C6 QBAE-JUCLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METFR

CALCULATED TINE-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CCNCENTRAT ION
      4.16072E-06 GRA.M._M,QLE_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        247

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE  6/22/73   START TIME  11:00 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  4   WIND VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2030
SKY CONDITION   40 to 60% low cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT  3.05  METERS    9.67 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED AT 3.05 METERS  4.7 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    86.OF DRY BULB   78.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              91.6             410.0E-06
   2              93.0             431.0E-06
   3              94.9             470.0E-06
   4              97.2             535.0E-06
   5              99.9             650.0E-06
   6             102.9             830.0E-06
   7             104.8             980.0E-06
   8              90.8             400.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      5.32600E-06 GRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3.8438IE-06 GRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       248

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE  6/22/73   START TIME  12:07 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  4   WIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.   0.1910
SKY CONDITION   60 to 70% low cloud cover; rain shower after 1:07

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   30.50 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS    5.2 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   84.OF DRY BULB   79.5F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              91.6             410.0E-06
   2              93.0             431.0E-06
   3              94.9             470.0E-06
   4              97.2             535.0E-06
   5              99.9             650.0E-06
   6             102.9             830.0E-06
   7             104.8             980.0E-06
   8              90.8             40C.OE-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      5.22400E-06 GR.AM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3.51175E-06 QRAM MOLE F.
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                                     249
15.5.2  Pond 10

     Measurements were made when the wind was blowing from the
active gypsum pile (wind direction 90° and over).  The measured
values were considerably greater than the predicted values, Figure
15.5.  In this case, the piles caused extremely complex wind
patterns - including downwashes that the dispersion model could not
handle.

-------
                                                           250

                              6          8

                             MEASURED
10
12
                                                     «
Figure 15.5   Pond  10 wind flow over active gypsum pile xlO  g moles/m

-------
                                                         251

         RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

 DATE   6/15/73   START TI WE  2:10 P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH 60.C M[N.
 AIR  STABILITY CATEGORY  2-3  UNO VEL. PROFILE  EXP.  0.2370
 SKY  CONDITION Clear to 5% cloud cover - light haze

 TIME  AVERAGE  WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   54.66  DEGREES
 TIME  AVERAGE  WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   2.1 M/SEC
 AIR  TEMPERATURF:    86.OF DRY BULB   69.5F WET BULB
 POND  TEMPERATURE  - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE-

 SEGMENT      TEMPERATLRE F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM  HG
    1               92.5              422.0E-06
    2               93.7              442.0E-06
    3               95.6              487.0E-06
    *               97.8              560.0E-06
    5              IOC.4              675.0E-06
    6              103.2              845.OE— 06
    7              104.6              9BO.OE-06
    9               91.7              411.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      7.15700E-06  GBAM._M£JLJ=_£
                   ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
       2.1365 E-06  GaAM,-M,DL£_E,
                   ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                        252

        RUN  SUMMARY  -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE  10    SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DATE  6/15/73    START  TIME   3:00 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  63.C VIM.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   2-3  UNO VCL.  PROFILE EXp.  0.2290
SKY CONDITION Clear to 5%  cloud cover;  slight haze

TIME AVERAGE W1NP DIRECTION  AT  3.05 METERS   87.75 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WlNC SP^EH  AT 3.05 METERS   2.6 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   «6.0F  DRY  BULB   69. 5F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPER A TIRF.  F.OEG     VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              92.5              422.0E-06
   2              93.7              442.0E-06
   3              95.6              
-------
                                                        253

         RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CCNCENTRATICN
 DOWN  WIND  OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE  10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

 DATE   6/15/73   START TIME  3:24 P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60.C MIN.
 4IR  STABILITY  CATEGORY 2-3   KIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2270
 SKY  CONDITION  5% cloud cover; slight haze

 TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   85.49 DEGREES
 TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   2.8 M/SEC
 AIR  TEMPERATURE    86.OF  DRY BULb   70.OF WF.T BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERA7LRE  F.DEG     VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              ''2.5              422.0E-06
   2              93.7              442.0E-06
   3              95.6              487.0E-06
   4              97.8              560.0E-06
   5             ICC.4              675.0E-06
   6             103.2              845.0E-06
   7             104.8              980.0E-06
   8              H.7              411.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGF AMRIENT  AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      9.58000E-06 GBAia_MCL£  F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC McTFR

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CCNCENTRAT ION
      ft.3933  E-07 Ga4U.!!CLE-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        254

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 10    SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATE  6/15/73   START TIME  4:29 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  2-3  UNO VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2160
SKY CONDITION 5% cloud cover slight haze

TIME AVERAGE HIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS   64.66  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS    3.5 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   86.OF DRY  BULB   69.OF  WET BULB
POMD TEMPERATURE - FI.UCRIDE VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE  F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE MM  HG
   l~             Q2.5              422.0E-06
   2              93.7              442.0E-06
   3              95.6              487.0E-06
   4              97.6              560.0E-06
   5             100.4              675.0E-06
   6             103.2              845.0E-06
   7             104.3              980.0E-06
   a              91.7              411.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      6.51000E-06 GBAii-^CL£_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      1.7788  E-06 GS4&.MCLE..E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                        255

        RUM SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE 10   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE  6/20/73   START TIME  1:14 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  2   WIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2480
SKY CONDITION 507. cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   82.99 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   2.1 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   84.OF DRY BULB   78.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE
SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG
   1              92.6
   2              94.2
   3              96.6
   4              99.5
   5             102.7
   6             106.5
   7             108.8
   8              92.0
VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
  423.0E-06
  450.0E-06
  517.0E-06
  630.0E-06
  815.0E-06
  U5.0E-05
  141.0E-05
  417.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      9.36000E-06 GRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      8.46546E-07 GRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        256

        RUN SUMMARY -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CCNCENTRAT ION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS  CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE  10    SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE  6/20/73    START  TIME   2:22  P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  48.0 WIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  4-    KIND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2070
SKY CONDITION 50 to 100% low cloud cover; 48 minute rain shower
              interrupted experiment
TIME AVERAGE HIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05 METERS   92.99 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   4.6 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   35.OF DRY  BULB    79.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATLRE F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              92.6              423.0E-06
   2              94.2              450.0E-06
   3              96.6              517.0E-06
   A              
-------
                                                                    257
15.5.3  Pond 20
     On a number of days after 10:00 A.M., the fluorine concentration
measured by sampler 02 increased dramatically as shown in Figure
15.6.  No similar increase was noted in sampler 01.  Since the
phenomena was not noted on the day after a plant shutdown, a
tentative explanation is advanced that some action by the plant in
the gypsum disposal area caused the high ambient air concentrations.

-------
                                                             258
         4 -
    o
    UJ
    Z)
    u
    CJ
                                3          4


                              MEASURED
Figure 15.6   Pond 20 Sampler 02 high fluorine measurements xlO

             g moles/m
                                                         -6

-------
                                                        259

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CCNCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE 2C   SAMPLER NUMBER  02

DATE  3/17/73   START T I M^   11:07' P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  2    WIND VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2300
SKY CONDITION Sunny 30 to 50% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT 3.05  METERS   83.82  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT  3.05 METERS   2.6 M/SEC
AU TEMPERATURE   86.OF DRY  BULB   80.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUCRID& VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMP6RATLRE F.DEG    VAPCR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1             102.9              568.0E-C6
   ?             101.5              539.0E-06
   3             IOC.2              512.0E-06
   *              97.9              475.0E-06
   5              95.7              445.0E-06
   6              93.9              427.0E-06
   7              92.4              410.0E-06
   8              90.7              395.0E-C6
   9              90.7              395.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLIORIDE  CCNCENTPATICN
      2.6910QE-06 GH^M_I3CL£_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      5.86774E-07 G.3A.M_M.QL£_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC MHTtR

-------
                                                        260

        RUN SUMMARY  -  AMBIENT AiK rLliORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF  PROCESS WATER PCNDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20    SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DAT?  8/17/73    START  TIME  12:17 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.Q MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   2    hINO VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2250
SKY CONDITION sunny 50 to 70% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGF VvINO  DIRECTION  AT  3.05 METERS   77.99 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE UNO  SPEED  AT  3.05  METERS   2.9 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    89.OF  DRY  RULB   81.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE  F.OEG     VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1             104.1              592.0E-06
   2             102.9              568.0E-06
   3             101.7              540.0E-06
   4              99.7              502.0E-06
   5              97.6              471.0E-06
   6              95.9              448.0F-06
   7              94.5              432.0E-06
   H              92.7              414.0E-06
   9              92.7              414.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR  FLLCPIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.83400E-06 QSA£J_MO.LEJE
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLLCRIDE CONCENTRATION
      8.09/12E-07 G«A.£LM,DL£JE
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        261

         RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLCORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION  CODE  20   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

 DATE  8/17/73    START TIME  1:24 P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60.G HIM.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   2    WIND VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2310
SKY CONDITION  Sunny  60% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT  3.05  METERS   77.99 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPF.FO AT  3.05 METERS   3.0 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    9U.OF DRY BULB   81.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUCRIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMPERATURE  F.DEG     VAPCR  PRESSURE MM HG
   1             104.1              592.0E-06
   ?             102.9              568.0E-06
   ?             101.7              540.0E-C6
   4              99.7              502.0E-06
   5              97.6              471.0E-06
   6              95.9              448.0E-06
   7              94.5              432.0E-06
   8              92.7              414.0E-06
   1              92.7              4K.OE-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLLORIDE  CGNCFNTRATICN
      3.26200E-06 fiSAfl_aCL£..E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR FLUORIDE CCNCENTRATION
      8.10783t-07 GB£B-t!CL£..£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                        262

        RUN  SUMMARY  -  AMBIENT AIR FLIORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION  CODE 2C    SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DATF   «/17/73    START  TIME   2:38 P.M.
SAiMPLlNG LENGTH  60.C MFN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   2    MND VfcL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2310
SKY CONDITION  Sunny    60% cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT  3.05  METtRS   73.32 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE KIND  SPcfcO  AT  3.05  METtPS   3.C M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    91.OF  CRY BULB   80.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUCRIDE  VAPCR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATLWF  F.DEG     VAPCR PRESSURE PM HG
   1             104.1              592.0E-06
   2             10?.9              568.0E-06
   3             101.7              540.0E-06
   A              99.7              502.0E-06
   5              97.6              471.0E-06
   6              95.9              A48.0E-06
   7              94.5              432.0E-06
   q              92.7              414.0E-06
   9              9?.7              414.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGF AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3.973CCE-C6 Q3Atl_MCL£_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER.

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMRIENT AIR  FLLORICr CCNCENTRATICN
      9.79d36F-07 CkBAtS-!5CLE.£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                        263

         RUN  SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLLGRIOE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODF  ?0   SAMPLER NUM8FR 02

 DATE   a/lfl/73   START TI WE  9:40 A.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60.C MIN.
AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY   2    UNO VEL. PROFILE EXP.  O.
-------
                                                        264

        RUN SUGARY  -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CCNCENTRAT ION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PCNDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION  CODE  20    SAMPLER NUMBER 02

HATE   8/18/73    START  TIME   10:51 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  fcO.C  MIN.
AIR  STABILITY CATEGORY   2    WIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2210
SKY  CONDITION   Sunny    10 to 30% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION AT  3.05  METERS   96.32 DEGREES
TIMF AVERAGE WIND  SPFED  AT  3.05  METERS   3.2 M/SEC
AIR  TEMPERATURE    37.OF  URY BULB  80.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - f-LUCRIDF  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE  F.DEG     VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1             101.1              530.0E-06
   2              99.0              492.0E-06
   3              97.6              470.0E-06
   4              96.0              459.0E-06
   5              94.1              430.0E-06
   6              92.6              413.0F-06
   7              9C.9              398.0E-06
   8              39.5              390.0E-06
   9              39.5              390.QE-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGF AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      3.496JOE-06 Q£A,tl_£!QL£-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLtCRIDE  CCNCENTRATION
               07 fiBA!!-£EL£-£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                        265

        RUN  SUMMARY  -  AMBIENT AIR FLUCR IDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF  PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUOKIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20    SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DATE  8/18/73    START  TIME   11:59 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  fcO.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   2    fclNO VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2260
SKY CONDITION   Sunny  30 to 60% mid height cloud  cover

TIME AVERAGE rtIND  DIRECTION AT  3.05 METERS   87.32 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND  SP^ED  AT 3.05 MgTERS   2.8 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE    91.OF  DRY BULO   60.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT      TEMpERATLRE  F.DEG     VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1             103.3              575.0E-06
   2             102.1              550.0E-06
   3             101.5              539.0E-06
   4              99.9              508.0E-06
   5              99.0              478.0E-06
   6              96.6              457.0E-06
   7              95.A              442.0E-06
   3              '3.9              427.0E-06
   9              93.9              A27.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVEKAGE AMBIENT  AIR  FLLORID6 CONCENTRATION
      5.08800E-06 £aAM_i3CLE-I:
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  K5TSR

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      5.21512E-07 2B3i3.JJ£J.£»f
                  ACTUAL CUBIC  METER

-------
                                                        •266

        RUN SUGARY -  AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWM WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODS 20    SAMPLER NUMBER 02

RATE  8/18/73    START  TIME   1:09 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH  60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   2-3  WIND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2300
SKY CONDITION Partially sunny; 60% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE fcINO DIRECTION AT  3.05  METERS  100.65 DEGREES
TIMP AVERAGE fcIND SPEED  AT  3.05  METERS   2.8 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   91.OF  DRY BULB    81.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPFRATIRE  F.DEG    VAPCR PRESSURE MM HG
   1             104.3              6CO.OE-06
   ?             103.1              570.0F-06
   3             1C2.5              560.0E-06
   4             100.9              524.0E-06
   5              q<;.C              492.0E-06
   6              97.6              470.0E-06
   7              9t.4              453.0E-06
   8              94.9              437.0E-06
   9              94.9              437.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      5.84900E-06 GSA.tJ_M,CLE_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CCNCENTRATION
      5.0290  E-07 QBAJU-MOLE-f
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        267

         RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

 DATE  8/19/73   START TIME  9:28 A.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
 AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY   1-2  WIND VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2570
 SKY  CONDITION  Slight haze; 30 to 60% mid height cloud cover

 TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT  3.05 METERS   94.99 DEGREES
 TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   1.2 M/SEC
 AIR  TEMPERATURE    83.OF  DRY BULB   81.OF KET BULB
 POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

 SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE  F.OEG    VAPOR  PRESSURE MM HG
    1              97.8             472.0E-06
    2              96.7             459.0E-06
    3              95.8             447.0E-06
    4              94.3             430.0E-06
    5              92.8             416.0E-06
    6              91.4             400.0E-06
    7              90.4             392.0E-06
    8              89.0             388.0E-06
    9              89.0             388.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.29900E-06 GRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.457  .£-07 fiRAM_flQt£_E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       268

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DATE  8/21/73   START TIME  1:53 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  I   WIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2500
SKY CONDITION  60 to 50% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.C5 METERS   72.49 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   1.2 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   88.OF DRY 8UL8   79.0F WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   I              96.2             45C.OE-06
   2              95.9             448.0E-06
   3              95.5             443.0E-06
   4              94.9             438.0E-06
   5              94.3             43C.OE-06
   6              93.6             423.0E-06
   7              93.2             420.0E-06
   8              92.8             417.0E-06
   9              92.8             417.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      7.18200E-07 GRAM MOAE F,
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      7«75177E-C7 fiRA* MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        269

         RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER  NUMBER 02

 DATE  8/19/73   START TIME  11:45 A.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
 AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   I    WIND  VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2500
 SKY CONDITION  50 to 40% mid height cloud cover

 I5UE AVERAGE WINO DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS   89.99  DEGREES
 I oEriVE2AGE WIN° SPEE°  AT 3-05 METI*S   U4 M/SEC
 AIR TEMPERATURE   88.OF  DRY  BULB   80.0F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR  PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR  PRESSURE  MM  HG
   1             101.8             543.0E-06
   2             100.7             522.0E-06
   3              99.8             505.0E-06
   4              98.3             48C.OE-06
   5              96.8             460.0E-06
   6              95.4             442.0E-06
   7              94.4             430.0E-06
   8              93.0             418.0E-06
   9              93.0             418.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.47500E-06 GRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRAUON
      4.19983E-07 GRAM HOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       270

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DATE  8/19/73   START TIME   12:54 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  1   WIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2460
SKY CONDITION  Sunny  50 to  70% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   109.15 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS    1.7 W/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   89.OF DRY BULB   81.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1             103.8             588.0E-06
   2             102.7             560.0E-06
   3             101.8             545.0E-06
   4             IOC.3             515.0E-06
   5              98.8             49C.OE-06
   6              97.4             468.0E-06
   7              96.4             452.0E-06
   8              95.0             439.0E-06
   9              95.0             439.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3.18500E-06 5BAM-.MQUL.E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.17198E-07
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        271

         RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

 DATE   8/19/73   START TIME  2slO P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
 AIR  STABILITY  CATEGORY   h2  HIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2510
 SKY  CONDITION  Sunny; 5 min. shower; 70% midheight  cloud cover

 TIME AVERAGE WIND  DIRECTION  AT 3.05 METERS  117.49 DEGREES
 TIME AVERAGE WIND  SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   1.3  M/SEC
 AIR  TEMPERATURE    90.OF  DRY  BULB   82.OF WET  BULB
POND TEMPERATURE -  FLUORIDE  VAPOR  PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPOR  PRESSURE MM HG
   1             104.8              610.0E-06
   2             103.7              589.0E-06
   3             102.8              568.0E-06
   *             101.3              533.0E-06
   5              99.8              505.0E-06
   6              98.4              480.0E-06
   I              97. 4              47C.OE-06
   J              96.0              450.0E-06
   9              96.0              45C.OE-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.91200E-06
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
       2.2747 E-Q7 GRAM MDI.f f
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

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                                                       272

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER  PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE 20    SAMPLER NUMBER  02

DATE  8/20/73   START TIME   11:47  A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.C MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   I    WIND  VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2450
SKY CONDITION Sunny    40  to 50% mid  height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS   94.99 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   1.4 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   87.OF  DRY  BULB   80.0F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPCR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPOR PRESSURE  MM HG
   1              92.0             408.0E-06
   2              92.0             408.0E-06
   3              92.0             408.0E-06
   4              92.0             408.0E-06
   5              92.0             408.0E-06
   6              92.0             408.0E-06
   7              92.0             408.0E-06
   8              92.0             408.0E-06
   9              92.0             408.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      9.31400E-07 fiRAtt_MQL£-£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.45667E-07 fiaAB
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       273

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DATE  8/20/73   START TIME   12:55 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 HIM.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   I   WIND  VEL.  PROFILE EXP.  0.2480
SKY CONDITION    Sunny  50 to 60% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05  METERS   108.32 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS   1.3 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   89.OF  DRY BULB   79.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              94.0             432.0E-06
   2              94.0             432.0E-06
   3              94.0             432.0E-06
   4              94.0             432.0E-06
   5              94.0             432.06-06
   6              94.0             432.0E-06
   7              94.0             432.0E-06
   8              94.0             432.0E-06
   9              94.0             432.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.38900E-06 GRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3.87445E-C7 &£&& MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       274

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN HIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DATE  8/20/73   START TIME  2*04 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  I   WIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2410
SKY CONDITION  60 to 50% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE MIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   95.82 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   1.7 H/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   92.OF DRY BULB   79.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              96.5             457.0E-06
   2              96.5             457.0E-06
   3              96.5             457.0E-06
   4              96.5             457.0E-06
   5              96.5             457.0E-06
   6              96.5             457.0E-06
   7              96.5             457.0E-06
   8              96.5             457.0E-06
   9              96.5             457.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.19200E-06 fiEAM-BQL£-E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      8.75337E-09 S&AJj.flULE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                                    275



15.5.4  Pond 20




     A combination of low wind speeds (less than 1.3 meters/second)




and strong solar radiation (late morning and afternoon) produced a




greater degree of dispersion than could be predicted by the dis-




persion model as shown in Figure 15.7.  Low wind speeds alone




(early and mid-morning) could be satisfactorily handled by the model.

-------
                                                               276
        2.0
    O
    UJ
        1.0

                                 I
                                 1.0

                           MEASURED
2.0
Figure  15.7    Fond 20 strong solar  radiation,  low wind speed
              experiments xlO~6 g moles/

-------
                                                        277

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


PONO LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATE  8/19/73   START TIME  2:03 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   1-2 WIND  VEL. PROFILE EXP.   0.2510
SKY CONDITION  Sunny; 5 rain, shower;  70% midheight cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS  120.82 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS    1.3 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   SO.OF  DRY BULB   82.2F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1             104.8             610.0E-06
   2             103.7             582.0E-06
   3             102.8             568.0E-06
   4             101.3             533.08-06
   5              99.8             505.0E-06
   6              98.4             480.0E-06
   7              97.4             470.0E-06
   8              96.0             450.0E-06
   9              96.0             450.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.04000E-06
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.9355  E-06 GRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       278

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN NINO OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATE  8/20/73   START TIME   11:42 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   1   WIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2450
SKY CONDITION Sunny; 40 to 50% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT  3.05  METERS   94.99 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS    1.4 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   87.OF  DRY BULB   80.OF  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              92.0             408.0E-06
   2              92.0             408.0E-06
   3              92.0             408.0E-06
   4              92.0             408.0E-06
   5              92«0             408.0E-06
   6              92.0             408.0E-06
   7              92.0             408.0E-06
   8              92.0             408.0E-06
   9               0.0             408.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      8.06100E-07 GRAft MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.23644E-06 fiBAJLMO.lE. F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        279

         RUN  SUMMARY -  AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE  20    SAMPLER  NUMBER 01

 DATE   8/20/73   START  TIME  12:50 P.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH  60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY   I    WIND  VEL.  PROFILE  EXP.   0.2480
SKY CONDITION Sunny; 50 to 60% mid height  cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT  3.05  METERS  10B.32  DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT  3.05 METERS   1.3 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   89.0F DRY  BULB   79.0F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE  PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR PRESSURE  MM  HG
   I              94.0             432.0E-06
   2              94.0             432.0E-06
   3              94.0             432.0E-06
   4              94.0             432.0E-06
   5              94.0             432.0E-06
   6              94.0             432.0E-06
   7              94.0             432.0E-06
   8              94.0             432.0E-06
   9              94.0             432.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
      4.5UOOE-07 GRAM^MQLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.12869E-06 GJ&AJL.MJQLJLJ;
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       280

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER 01

DATE  8/21/73   START TIME  11*35 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  I   WIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2670
SKY CONDITION  70% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   35.83 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   0.9 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   84.OF DRY BULB   79.CF WET BUtB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR PRESSURE KM HG
   I              92.2             AlC.OE-06
   2              91.9             408.0E-06
   3              91.5             402.0E-06
   ft              90.9             40C.OE-06
   5              90.3             392.0E-06
   6              89.6             390.0E-06
   7              89.2             389.0E-06
   8              88.8             388.0E-06
   9              88.8             388.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.83800E-07 QRAM MOi.E E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.06459E-06 GRAM MOLE E
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                        281

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DATE  8/21/73   START TIME  1U35 A.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  I   MIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2670
SKY CONDITION    707=, midheight cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   35.83 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   0.9 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   84.OF DRY BULB   79.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              92.2             410.0E-06
   2              91.9             408.0E-06
   3              91.5             4C2.0E-06
   *              90.9             400.0E-06
   5              90.3             392.0E-06
   6              89.6             390.0E-06
   7              89.2             389.0E-06
   8              88.8             388.0E-06
   9              88.8             388.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      4.64900E-07 GRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      7.28673E-07 GRAM MQLF F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       282

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN MIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATE  8/21/73   START TIME  12:41 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  1   MIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2580
SKY CONDITION    70 to 60% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   24.16 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS    1.1 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   84.OF DRY BULB   78.0F  WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              92.2             41C.OE-06
   2              91.9             408.0E-06
   3              91.5             402.0E-06
   4              90.9             400.0E-06
   5              90.3             392.0E-06
   6              89.6             390.0E-06
   7              89.2             389.0E-06
   8              88.8             388.0E-06
   9              88.8             388.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      4.26000E-07
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.03633E-06
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       283

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER 02

DATE  8/21/73   START TIME  12:44 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  I   HIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2580
SKY CONDITION  70 to 60% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05 METERS   24.16 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS    l.l W/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   84.OF DRY BULB   78.OF  taET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              92.2             41C.OE-06
   2              91.9             408.0E-06
   3              91.5             402.0E-06
   *              90.9             400.0E-06
   5              90.3             392.0E-06
   6              89.6             390.0E-06
   f              89.2             389.0E-06
   8              88.8             388.0E-06
   9              88.8             388.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.95200E-C7 fiBA.M_MJQL£_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      8.57043E-07 GRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       284

        RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
DOWN WIND OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES
POND LOCATION CODE 20   SAMPLER NUMBER  01

DATE  8/21/73   START TIME  1849 P.M.
SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  I   WIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2500
SKY CONDITION  50% mid height cloud cover

TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION AT 3.05  METERS   72.49 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   1.2 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   88.OF DRY BULB   79.OF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.OEG    VAPOR PRESSURE MM HG
   1              96.2             45C.OE-06
   2              95.9             448.0E-06
   3              95.5             443.0E-06
   4              94.9             438.0E-06
   5              94.3             430.0E-06
   6              93.6             423.0E-06
   7              93.2             420.0E-06
   8              92.8             417.0E-06
   9              92.8             417.0E-06
MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      3.27400E-07 QRAM MOLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.38254E-06 GftAM MpLE F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

-------
                                                       . 285

         RUN  SUMMARY -  AMBIENT  AIR  FLUORIDE  CONCENTRATION
 DOWN  WIND  OF PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED  FLUORIDES


 POND  LOCATION CODE 20    SAMPLER NUMBER  01

 DATE   8/21/73  START  TIME   11:35  A.M.
 SAMPLING LENGTH 60.0 MIN.
AIR STABILITY CATEGORY  I   WIND VEL. PROFILE EXP.  0.2670
SKY CONDITION  70% mid height cloud cover
  uc  u      WIND °1RECTION AT 3.05 METERS   35.83 DEGREES
TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AT 3.05 METERS   0.9 M/SEC
AIR TEMPERATURE   84.0F DRY BULB   79.CF WET BULB
POND TEMPERATURE - FLUORIDE VAPOR PRESSURE PROFILE

SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR PRESSURE HM HG
   1              92.2             41C.OE-06
   2              91.9             408.0E-06
   3              91.5             402.0E-06
   *              90.9             400.0E-06
   5              90.3          .   392.0E-06
   6              89.6             390.0E-06
   7              89.2             389.0E-06
   8              88.8    •         388.0E-06
   9              88.8             388.0E-06


MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      2.83800E-07 gBAM-BQLJE_£
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION
      1.06459E-06 GRAM MD^F  F
                  ACTUAL CUBIC METER

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                                                                     286

                       15.6   Sampler Studies



 15.6.1   Sampler Efficiency


      Since  pond water  vapor  is  a  mixture  of compounds,  generation of


 low,  known  concentrations is difficult.   Therefore,  the sampler's


 efficiency  was  demonstrated  by  testing  it on an unknown pond-water-


 fluorine-in-air concentration.  Although  unknown,  sampler  recoveries


 demonstrated  that  the  concentrations were in the range  expected  in the


 field work.


      An  integrated material  balance  around a sampler yields


              V C
where
                                                                    (59)
               T 2
          C = concentration of fluorine in air:


              1 = in        2 = out


         D  = tube diameter


         X  = tube length


          K = mass transfer coefficient, and


         V  » volumetric flow rate,



if the fluorine equilibrium partial pressure is assumed to be zero

and the total gas volume  constant.


     If two identical units are connected in series, Equation (59)


can be written for each


              V C                  v co
          log rr~ - Krr D^  = log =S— .                           (60)
              VT 2                  T 3

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                                                                     287



      If  the material  collected  by each  sampler  is  analyzed  separately



 then the material  balances  can  be written
          VTCI - vTc2
                                                                    (62)
          R^ ™ the amount removed in a sampler .





Equations (60), (61), and (62) contain 3 unknowns and therefore can be



solved.  After some manipulation (62) can be obtained in terms of R



              V C         R

          log -i-i = log <-i) .
              VTC2        R2




Efficiency is usually defined as



              V C  - V C                R


          E °( - v C     > x 10° - U - ^) * 100 .                (63)
                  T 1                   Rl



In a single experiment where two units were connected in series, the



measured recoveries were
          Rj - 5.83 x 10"7 g moles fluorine



          R2 - .82 x 10~7 g moles fluorine .
     A single unit then has an efficiency of 86%.  Using the above



efficiency as a basis, the calculated efficiency for two units in



series is 98%; three units is 99.7%.



     Measurements were made with three units in series.  Fluorine was



recovered from the first two and the third.  The analytical solution

-------
                                                                    288



to these experiments is not straight forward; however, since little



fluorine will get past the third sampler, efficiency can be



approximated by




                     R3
          E = (1 -      +R ) x 100

                   Rl+2 + R3
          R  - = the amount removed in the first two samplers



          R.,   = the amount removed in the third sampler .
The experimental results are tabulated below



    X10"  g moles fluorine
Rl+2
3.66
10.1
5.15
6.45
R3
.267
.55
.225
.250
Efficiency
93.2
94.8
95.8
96.3
Average
Efficiency




                                                            95.0





The 95% average efficiency for two samplers in series is less than



predicted but satisfactorily close.





15.6.2  Ambient Air Sampling Procedure



     15.6.2.1  Equipment.  See Figure 8.4.





     15.6.2.2  Procedure.



     1)   Attach the upper and lower sampling boards to the



          sampling post.  Enter the board numbers on the data



          sheet.



     2)   Remove the plugs in the inlet and outlet of the boards.

-------
                                                                 289



 3)   Attach  the inlet "y",  the outlet  tubing  (to  the




      rotameter) and the short rubber tube connecting  the



      two sampling boards.




 4)   Refill  the buret with Na2C03 solution and slide  it



      into one leg of the inlet "y".




 5)   Test the system for leaks by holding the inlet closed,




      partially closing the bleed valve and observing the



      rotameter float.




 6)   Reopen the bleed  valve and wet the sampler with 1-2




      ml of carbonate solution.




 7)   Set the air flow rate at 30 liters/minute by




      partially closing the bleed valve; note and record




      the starting time.




 8)   Adjust the carbonate flow rate to 8-12 drops/min.




 9)   Periodically check the air and carbonate flow rates.




10)   Within one minute of the end of the sampling period,




      flush the sampler with 1 or 2 ml of carbonate solution




      and shut off the  solution flow.




11)   At the end of the sampling period, record the end time




      and open the bleed valve.




12)   Remove the carbonate buret, the inlet "yu» the outlet




      tubing and the tubing connecting the two sampling




      boards.




13)   Replace the plugs in the board inlets and outlets.




14)   Remove boards from the sampling post and store for




      later analysis.

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                                                                    290




15.6.3  Sample Recovery Procedure




     1)   Remove plugs from the samplers.




     2)   Connect samplers in series; check the data sheet to




          make sure that the boards being washed as a set were




          used as a set.




     3)   Connect lower sampler to a vacuum pump.




     4)   Start vacuum pump.




     5)   Using a graduated cylinder and short stem funnel,




          wash out the samplers by adding 5-10 ml increments




          of 1:10 TISAB-Distilled water solution (using a




          total of 50-75 ml solution.)




     6)   Draw the solution  into the separation flask until




          the  samplers are dry,  remove  the  flask from the




          system,  shake well,  pour the  solution into  an air




          tight,  screw-top,  polyethylene  sample bottle,  and




          label.




     7)    Replace  flask in system,  and  repeat  procedure  with




          distilled water and  acetone;  these liquids  are




          discarded.   The  samplers  are  now  ready for  field




          use.

-------
                                                  291
15.7  Pond Simulation Program

-------
LEVEL 21.6  (  1AY  72  I
                                                OS/360  FORTRAN H
                                                                                                  DATE  74.295/16.51.42
                    OPTIONS - NAME=  MAIN,OPT*02,LINECNT=58,SIZE=OOOOK,
                              SOURCE,EBCDIC,NOLI ST.DECK,LOAD,MAP,NOEDIT,ID,XREF
                C      MAIN PROGRAM                               PROGRAMMED BY L. RAINEYF3800060
  ISN 0002            DIMENSION GA(78),GAAI60),GAB! 18>,A(100),81100),C(100 I,X I 100 I,     F3800070
                     1  Y( 100),D( 100),3T( 100),XW(10).YW(10),OW(1D),WS(13),XVI10),YV!10),F3800080
                     2  CTTI10),FN8I10)IPV!10),TPI10),ICORI10),LAI10I,L3I10).ITIMEI10), F3800090
                     3  INFO!7)                                                         F3800100
  ISN 0003            EOUIVALENCE(GAI11,;AA(1)),(GA(61),GAB(1»                         F3800110
                C      GflMMA DISTRIBUTION IN  LOOK-UP FORM                                F3800120
  ISN 0034            DATA GAA/.O,.0001,.0001,. 0002 ,. OOD2,.0003,.0305,.0007,.0010,.0013,F3800130
                     1 .0019,.0026,.0035,.0047,. 0062,.0092,.3107,.0139,.0179,.0228,     F3800140
                     2 .0287,.0359,.0446,.0548..0668,.0808,.0968,.1151,.1357,.1587,     F3800150
                     3 .1841,.2119,.2420,.2743,.3085,.3446..3821,.4207,.4602,.5000,     F3800160
                     4 .5398,.5793,.6179,.6554,.6915,.7257,.7580,.7881,.8159,.8413,     F3800170
                     5 .8643,.8849,.9032,.9192,.9332,.9452,.9554,.9641,.9713,.9772/     F3800180
  ISN 0005            DATA GAB/.9821,.9861..9893, .9918, .9938,.9953,.9965,.9974,.9981,   F3800190
                     1 .9987,.9990,.9993,.9995,.9997,.9998,.9998,.9999,.9999/           F3800200
                C      1* IS READER LOGICAL  UNIT  NUMBER                                   F3800210
                C      IH IS PRINTER LOSICAL  UNIT NUMBER                                 F3800220
  ISN 0006            DATA IR.IH/1.3/                                                   F3800230
                C      FORMATS FOR  INPUT                                                  F3800240
  ISN 0007        100 FQ1MAT(2IS,2F5.0)                                                  F3800250
  ISN 0008        101 F01MATI5X.il)                                                     F3800260
  ISN 0009        102 F3*MAT(E10.2,4F10.D,I5,F5.D)                                       F3800270
  ISN 0013        103 FORMAT!10F5.0)                                                     F3800280
  ISN 0011        104 FORMAT!10F8.0)                                                     F3800290
  ISN 0012        105 FORMAT!1012)                                                      F3800300
  ISN 0013        106 F3»MAT(A2,A2,5A4)                                                  F3800310
                C      FORMATS FOR  UTILITY OUTPUT                                        F3800320
  ISN 0014        200 FORMAT! MM                                                        F3800330
  ISN 0015        201 FORMAT!'O1,I4.4X.1DE12.5)                                          F3800340
  ISN 0016        202 FORMAT!'-AREA',4X.10E12.5)                                        F3800350
  ISN 0017        204 FORMAT! M',T20,'CTOT/FNA   T A B L E •/'-', 12X,'T', 10113, 8X, «TM )   F3800360
                C      FORMATS FOR  REPORT OUTPUT                                         F3800370
  ISN 0018        300 FORMAT! M'/'O'/'O'/'  •/                                           F3800380
                     «-'0',23X,'RUN SUMMARY - AMBIENT AIR FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION'/       F3800390
                     1* '.ISX.'DOWN WIND OF  PROCESS WATER PONDS CONTAINING DISSOLVED FLU
                     20RIDES'//'0',15X,'POND LOCATION CODE  ',A2,'   SAMPLER NUMBER ',A2/
                     3'0«,15X,'DATE ',2A4,«    START TIME ',3A4/' «,15X,'SAMPLING LENGTH F3800420
                     4«,F4.1,' MIN.V'O'/I                                               F3800430
  ISN 0019        301 FORMAT!' '.ISX.'AIR STABILITY CATEGORY ',12,'   MIND VEL. PROFILE
                     +EXP. '.F7.4/' ',15X,«SKY CONDITION •/
                     I'D',15X,'TIME AVERAGE WIND DIRECTION  AT 3.05 METERS  '.F7.2,' OEGREF3800460
                     2ES'/'  ',15X,'TIME AVERAGE HIND SPEED  AT 3.05 METERS  ',F5.1,' M/SECF3800470
                     3'/«  »,ISX.'AIR TEMPERATURE   '.FS.l.'F DRY BULB  '.FS.l.'F WET  BULBF3800480
                     4'I                                                                F3800490
   ISN 0020        302 FORMAT!'0'/«0',15X,'POND  TEMPERATURE  - FLUORIDE VAPOR  PRESSURE PROF3800500
                     *FILE'/'0',15X,'SEGMENT     TEMPERATURE F.DEG    VAPOR  PRESSURE MM F3800510
                     IHG'/I*  ',15X,I4,13X,OPF5.1,12X,3PE10.1))                          F3800520
   ISN 0021        303 FORMAT!'O'/' ',15X,'MEASURED TIME-AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR  FLUORIDE CONF3800530
                     +CENTRATION  '/21X.1PE12.5,' GRAM  MOLE  F'/•*•,33X,11t•_')/• •,33X,-AF3800540
                     1CTUAL  CUBIC METERVO'.ISX,'CALCULATED TIME-AVERAGE  AMBIENT AIR FLF3800550
                     2UORIDE CONCENTRATION'/21X,E12.5,> GRAM MOLE F •/• + ', 33X, IK •_•)/•  'F3800560
                     3,33X,'ACTUAL CUBIC METER')                                        F3800570
   ISN 0022        304 FORMAT!'0',1201'*'»/'OTOO MANY ITERATIONS•/'0',1201•*'I/)         F38C0580
                C     READ IN NUMBER OF AREAS AND  RECEPTOR  LOCATION                     F3800590
                                                                                                                                        N>
                                                                                                                                        ID
                                                                                                                                        ro

-------
                                                                                                             PAGE 002
ISN 0023
ISN 0024
C
C
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
 ISN  0025

 ISN  0026
 ISN  0027

 ISN  0028
 ISN  0029
 ISN  0030
 ISN  0031
ISN 0032
ISN 0033
ISN 0034
ISN 0035
ISN 0036
ISN 0037
ISN 0038
ISN 0039
ISN 0041
ISN 0042
ISN 0043
ISN 0044
ISN O045
ISN 0046
ISN 0047
ISN O048
ISN 0049
ISN 0050
ISN 0051
ISN 0053
ISN 0055
ISN 0057

ISN 0058
ISN 0059
ISN 0061
ISN 0062
ISN 0063
ISN 0064
ISN 0065
ISN O066
ISN OO&7
                    REAOUR.IOO) NITtNAREA.XREC.YREC
                    INITIALIZE LOCATION POINTER
                    11*1
                    LOOP TO READ IN FORMULAS FOR  THE  LINE  SEGMENTS

                    RESTRICTION
                    AREAS MUST BE FREE OF CONCAVE SIDES
                    THAT IS ALL INTERIOR ANGLE MUST BE  180 DEGREES OR SMALLER
                    NOTE     MUST BE READ IN CLOCKWISE  ORDER
   DO  7  I-ltNAREA
   READ  IN NUMBER  OF CORNERS
   READ!IR,100)  J
   ICORIII-J
   READ  IN FORMULAS OF  LINES
   DO  4  JJ'liJ
   READ!IR,103)  A(II ItBIIIIiC(111
 4 II-II+l
 7 CONTINUE
   LOOP  TO CALCULATE X  AND  Y CORNERS
   USING FORMULAS  OF INTERSECTION  OF  TWO LINES METHOD
   CV  «  A + BX
   X«C1/C2*A2-A2/C1/C2*82-BI
   J»0
   DO  1  KNT'l.NAREA
   J»J*1
   JDLO»J
   NCOR«ICOR(KNT)-l
   DO  2  I-liNCOR
   JJ-J+1
   IFICm.EQ.O.IGOTOll
   RATIO«C(JJ)/C(JI
   X(J) —+B(J)*X(J))/C( J)
   GOTOI2
11 RATIO«C(JI/C(JJ)
   X(JI»-IRATIO*AIJJI-A(JM/IRATIO*BUJI-BUM
   Y(J)»
                                                                                                                                     VO
                                                                                                                                     CO

-------
                                                                                                             PAGE  003
ISN 0068
ISN 0069
ISN OOTO
ISN 0071
ISN OOT3
ISN 0075
ISN 0077
ISN 0078

ISN 0079

ISN 0080

ISN 0081



ISN 0082

ISN 0083

ISN 0084

ISN 0085


ISN 0086

ISN 0087


ISN 0089

ISN 0090
 ISN 0091
ISN 0092
ISN 0093
 ISN 0094
 tSN O095
 ISN 0096
 ISN 0097
 ISN 0098
 ISN 0099
 ISN 0100
 ISN 0101

 tSN 0132
 ISN 0103
   DISTANCE FROM THE RECEPTOR AND ANGLE
14 XD=XIJ>-XREC
   YD=YIJ)-YREC
   OU) = SQRTI*l>NTIME>
   READ IN THE WIND  DIRECTION  OF EACH  TIME  DIVISION     DEGREES
   WIND ANGLES OF PLUS OR MINUS 90 DEC.  CANNOT  BE HANDLED
   READ! IR,103>(OW(11,1*1,NTIME)
   TEST IF CTDT/FNA  TABLE IS TO BE PRINTED
   IF( IPR.EQ.2) WRITE UW,204) (1,1-1,NTIME I
   CONSTANTS
   WIND CONSTANT  TO  CORRECT FROM 3M  TO 10M  WIND SPEED
   ZHC1=5.2459**XLPS
   DISPERSION CONSTANT INCLUDING HIND  SPEED CORRECTION TO  1.67M
   ZHC2=150.398*0.550**XLPS
   TAWS=0.
   TAWD-0.
   TTIME=0.
   CALCULATE TIME AVERAGE WIND SPEED AND DIRECTION
   AND  CONVERT WIND  DIRECTION  TO RADIANS
   AND  WIND  SPEED TO  METERS /  SECOND
   DO 6  I«l,NTIME
   WS(I)«WS(II*.44702
   OHII)«OWI11*0.017453
   TAWS»TAWS+WSCII*ITIMEIII
   TAWD»TAWD+OU(I)*ITIME(I>
  6 TTINE»TTIME + ITIME«I)
   TAWS*TAWS/TTIME
   TAWD-(TAWD/TTIHE)*57.29
   SECTIONAL CONSTANTS   (DEPENDENT  OF READ IN VALUES)
   P*-CA*
-------
PAGE 004
ISN 0104

ISN 0105
ISN 0106


ISN 0107

ISN 0108
ISN 0109

ISN 0110
ISN 0111

ISN 0112

ISN 0113

ISN Oil*

ISN 0115

ISN 0116
ISN 0117
ISN 0118

ISN O119
ISN 0120
ISN 0121
ISN 0122
ISN 0123

ISN 0124
ISN 0125
ISN 0126

ISN 0127
ISN 0128

ISN 0129
ISN 0130
ISN 0131
ISN 0132
ISN 0133
ISN 0135
ISN 0136
ISN 0137
ISN 0139
ISN 0140
ISN 0141

ISN 0142
ISN 0144
ISN 0145
ISN 0146
ISN 0147
ZH2=(Z»H)*(Z+HI
C THE MAIN LOOP
J=0
CTOTF=0.
C NOTE THAT THE PROGRAM DOES AN AREA FOR ALL TIME SEGMENTS FIRST
C AREA LOOP
DO 10 KNT'l.NAREA
C FIND OUT HOW MANY CORNER SEGMENT HAS
NCOR=ICOR(KNT)
CTOTA«0.
C TIME LOOP
DO 9 NT=1,NT1ME
CTOT=0.
C SET HIND SPEED
WSNOM=MS(NT)
C FKG IS MASS TRANSFER COEFFICIENT
FKG=8.0667E-3*I WSNOM*ZHCl ) **. 8
C FNA IS EMISSION RATE PER UNIT AREA
FNA~FKG*(PV(KNT)-PA)
C SAVE FNA FOR LATER PRINTOUT
FNB(NT)-FNA
C SET WIND DIRECTION
OWIND'OWINT)
SINOW=SIN«OHIND)
COSOWCOSIOWIND)
C FIND DISTANCE OF AREA CORNER FROM RECEPTOR HRT WINDL1NE
BW'SINOW/COSOM
CK=-BW
AM-VREC-BH*XREC
DO 8 I-l.NCOR
K-J+I
C CORNER PROJECTED ONTO THE UINDLINE
AK-CK*Y(K1-X(K)
XW(D — (CK*AH-AK)/(CK*BH-1>
YW(I)"AW+BW*XU(I)
C COPY MADE FOR COUNTER CLOCKWISE TRAVERSAL
XVdl-XWU)
e vvm-Ywm
C SORT CORNER ROUTINE FOR MAX AND MIN CORNER DISTANCE FROM RECEPTOR
XMAX»-9.E50
XMIN=9.E5C
00 16 I=1,NCOR
XRD*XW( I I-XREC
IF(XRD.GT.XMIN) GOT01S
XMIN'XRD
ININ=I
15 IF(XRD.LT.XMAX) GOT016
XMAX-XRO
JMAX'I
16 CONTINUE
C CHECK IF IN QUADRENT 2 OR 3 IF SO REVERSE MAX AND MIN
IF< XMAX.GT.XREC IGO TO 17
KMAX»IMIN
IMIN'JMAX
JHAX-=KH»X
KFLAG»-1
F3801720
F3801730
F3801740
F3801750
F3801760
F3801770
F3801780
F3801790
F3801600
F3801810
F3801820
F3801830
F3 801840
F38018SO
F3 801860
F3801870
F3801880
F3801890
F3801900
F3801910
F3801920
F3801930
F3801940
F3801950
F3801960
F3801970
F3801980
F3801990
F3802000
F3802010
F3802020
F3802030
F3802040
F3802050
F3802060
F3802070
F3802080
F3802090
F3802100
F3802110
F3802120
F3802130
F3802140
F3802150
F3802160
F3802170
F3802180
F3B02190
F3802200
F3802210
F3802220
F3802230
F3802240
F38022SO
F3802260
F3802270
                         VO

-------
                                                                                                             PAGE DOS
ISN 0148
ISN 0149
ISN 0150
ISN 0151
ISN 0152
ISN 01S3
ISN 0154
ISN 0156
ISN 0157
ISN 0159
ISN 0160
ISN 0161
ISN 0162
ISN 0163
ISN 0165
ISN 0166
ISN 0168
 ISN 0169
 ISN 0170
 ISN 0171
 ISN 0172
 ISN 0173
 ISN 0174
 ISN 0175
 ISN 0176

 ISN 0177
 ISN 0179
 ISN 0181
 ISN 0182
 ISN 0183
 ISN 0184
 ISN 0185
 ISN 0186
 ISN 0188
 ISN 0189
 ISN 0190

 ISN 0192
 ISN 0193
 ISN 0194
 ISN 0195
 ISN 0196
 ISN 0197
 ISN 0198

 ISN 0?00
   GO TO 18
17 KFLAG'l
18 INAX-JHAX-1
   ORDER CORNERS IN ORDER OF USE
  FOR CLOCKWISE PATH  MAX TO MIN CORNERS
   IMAX*JMAX-1
   DO 80 I=1,NCOR
   IMAX=IMAX4l
   IF(IMAX.GT.NCOR)IMAX=1
   LA(I)-1MAX
   IF(IMAX.EQ.IMIN) GOT081
80 CONTINUE
   ORDER CORNERS IN ORDER OF USE
   FOR COUNTER CLOCKWISE PATH FROM MAX TO MIN CORNER
81 INAX-JMAX+1
   DO 82 I=-1,NCOR
   IMAX'IHAX-1
   IFt IMAX.LT.1HHAX=NCOR
   LBUI'IMAX
   IF)IMAX.EQ.IMIN) GOT083
82 CONTINUE
   LA IS LINE ORDER MAX TO MIN
   LB IS LINE ORDER MAX TO MIN
                                                 CLOCKWISE
                                                 COUNTERCLOCKWISE
                                    JJ  IS  NEXT CORNER
                                    MM  IS  NEXT CORNER
                                        CLOCKWISE
                                        COUNTER CLOCKWISE
   II IS MOST MAX
   LL IS MOST MAX
83 II*LA(1I
   JJ*LAI2>
   LL-LB(l)
   MM*LBI2>
   KA*3
   KB'3
   JIT-NIT
   JFLAG=1
   INCREMENT ALONG WINCLINE WRT CORNERS
   IFIOHIND.GE.O.AND.OHIND.LE.l.5708)60 TO 23
   1F(OWINO.LE.O.AND.OWIND.GE.-1.5708)GO TO 23
   COSOW»-COSOW
   SINOW'-SINOW
23 XWI=XWIII)-10.*COSOH*KFLAG
   YWI=YMI II)-10.*SINOH*KFLAG
   JIT=JIT-1
   IF(JIT.EQ.O)GOT098
   DEL-5.
   IFLAG-0
   IFIKFLAG*(XWI-XW(JJI).GE.0. )GO  TO 21
   HE PASSED A CORNER CLOCKWISE SO USE CORNER  INSTEAD
   DEL'ABSf(XW(II)-XW( JJ»/I2.*COSOW»
   XHI'XWIJJ)
   YWI-YHIJJ)
   IFLAG-1
21 XVI=XVCLL)-10.*COSOW*KFLAG
   YVI«YVILL)-10.*SINOW*KFLAG
   IF(KFLAG*(XVI-XV(MMI).GE.O. )GO TO 24
   WE PASSED A CORNER COUNTERCLOCKWISE SO USE CORNER INSTEAD
   OELB-ABS((XVILL)-XVIMM)1/l2.*CaSOW)l
   TEST CORNERS  TO  SEE  WHICH IS MOST MAX AND USE  ITS DEL
F3802280
F3802290
F3802300
F3802310
F3802320
F3802330
F3802340
F3802350
F3802360
F3802370
F3802380
F3802390
F3802400
F3802410
F3802420
F3802430
F3802440
F3802450
F3802460
F3802470
F3802480
F3802490
F3802500
F3802510
F3802520
F3802530
F3802540
F3802SSO
F3802S60
F3802570
F3802S80
F3802590
F3802600
F3802610
                                                                      F3802620
                                                                      F3802630
                                                                      F3802640
                                                                      F3802650
                                                                      F3802660
                                                                      F3802670
                                                                      F3802680
                                                                      F3802690
                                                                      F3802TOO
                                                                      F3802710
                                                                      F3802720
                                                                      F3802730
                                                                      F3802740
                                                                      F38027SO
                                                                      F3S02760
                                                                      F3802770
                                                                      F3802780
                                                                      F3802790
                                                                                                                                      N>
                                                                                                                                      VO

-------
                                                                                                             PAGE 006
 ISN 0201
 ISN 0203
 ISN 020*
 ISN 0205
 ISN 0206
 ISN  0207
 ISN  0209
 ISN  0210
 ISN  0211
 ISN  0212

 ISN  0213
 ISN  O214
 ISN  0215

 ISN  0217

 ISN  0219

 ISN  0221

 ISN  0223
 ISN  022*
 ISN  0225

 ISN  0226

 ISN  0227
 ISN  0228
 ISN  0229
 ISN  0230
 ISN  0231
 ISN  0232
 ISN  0233
 ISN  0234
 ISN  0235
 ISN  0236
 ISN  0237
 ISN  0239

 ISN  0241
 ISN  0242

 ISN  0243

 ISN  0244
 ISN  0245
 ISN 0246
ISN  0248
ISN 0250
ISN 0251
ISN 0252
      IF(OELB.GE.OEL) GOT024
      D£L=DELB
      XWI'XVI
      YWI-YVI
      IFLAG-2
C     IFLAG PURPOSE
C     0 « NO CORNER OVER RUN
C     1 - WE USED CORNER CLOCKWISE
C     2 - HE USED CORNER COUNTER CLOCKWISE
   24 IF( IFLAG.E0.1IGOT022
      XW(II)-XWI
      YM(II)«YMI
   22 XV(LL)*XMI
      YVILH-YHI
C        MIDPOINT OF AREA SEGMENT AT  WINOLINE
      XMBAR»XWI+DEL*COSOM*KFLAG
      YW8AR«YWI«DEL*SINOW*KFLAG
F3802800
F3802810
F3802820
F3802830
F3802840
F38028SO
F3802860
F3802870
F3802880
F3802890
F3802900
F3802910
F3802920
F3802930
F3802940
F38029SO
F3802960
      IF(OWIND.GE.O.AND.OHI NO.LE. 1.5708. AND.XHBAR.GE.XREC.AND.YW8AR.GE.YF3802970
     1REC1GO TO 30                                                       F3B02980
      IF(OUIND.GE.1.5708.AND.OWINO.LE.3.14159.AND.XHBAR.LE.XREC.AND.YWBAF3802990
     IR.GE.YREOGO TO 30                                                 F3803000
       IF (OWING.LE.O. AND. OHIND.GE. -1.5708. AND. XWBAR.GE.XREC. AND. YMBAR.LEF3803010
     l.VRECIGO TO 30                                                     F3803020
      IFIOWINO.LE. -1.5708. AND. OHIND.GE. -3.14159. AND. XHBAR.LE.XREC. AND. YHF3803030
     1BAR.LE.YREOGO TO 30                                               F3803040
      GO TO 47                                                           F3803050
   30 XO'XHBAR-XREC                                                      F3803060
      YO'YUBAR-YREC                                                      F3 803070
      DISTANCE BETWEEN SOURCE AREA AND RECEPTOR                          F3803080
      OBAR=SQRT(XD*XD+YD*YD»                                             F3803090
      CALCULATE Y LIMITS OF THE AREA                                     F3803100
      BC—l./BW                                                          F3803110
      AC*YWBAR-BC*XWBAR                                                  F3803120
      KK'J+JJ                                                            F3803130
      XI*-(C(KK)*AC-A(KK»/              F3803190
      Y2P'SQRT( (XWBAR-XJ)*(XWBAR-XJI + 
-------
                                                                                                             PAGE 007
ISN 0253
ISN 0254
ISN 0255
ISN 0256
ISN 0257
ISN 0258
ISN 0260
ISN 0262
ISN 0263
ISN 0264
ISN 0265
ISN 0266
ISN 0267
ISN 0268
ISN 0269

ISN 0270
ISN 0271
ISN 0272
ISN 0273
ISN 0274
ISN 0276
ISN 0278
ISN 0279
ISN 0280
ISN 0281
ISN 0282
ISN 0283
ISN 0285
ISN 0287
ISN 0288
ISN 0289
ISN 0290
ISN 0291

ISN 0292
ISN 0293

ISN 0294

ISN 0295

ISN 0297

ISN 0299

ISN 0301
ISN 0302
ISN 0303
ISN 0304

ISN 0305
ISN 0306
ISN 0307


31

32
33






34

35
C
36







41

42
43



44

45
C
46

C

C
47
C

C

C




C
25


                           GAt ISDH-(SSO-SSO)»(GA(ISD+1I-GA(ISO)I
ISN 0308
                20
CFMAX .
GOTO33
CFMAX'1.0
GOTU33
CFMAX=0.
IFISHIN.GE.3.8)GOT034
IF1SMIN.LE.-3.8) GOT035
SSD « SMIN*10.+40.
ISO « SSC
SSO * ISO
CFHIN = 6AIISO) + (SSD-SSO)*(GAIISD+1)-GA0.
DETERMINE GAMMA OISTIBUTION VERTICLE OF CONC BETWEEN Y
CFH*ABS(CFMAX-CFMIN)
C2 »2.»SZ*SZ
C3-ZHI/C2
C4»ZH2/C2
IFIC3.LT.0.005) GOT041
1FIC3.GE.50. ) GOT042
C3P»1./EXP(C3)
GOT043
C3P»1.0
GOT043
C3P=0.0
IFIC4.LT.0.005I GOT044
IFIC4.GE.5C.I GOT045
C4P-1./EXPIC4)
GOT046
C4P-1.0
GQT046
C4P=0.0
CONCENTRATION AT RECEPTOR DUE TO AREA
CWI*(FNA*2.*DEL)/(ZHC2*SZ*WSNOW>
CN-CWI*CFM»IC3P+C4P)
ACCUMULATED OVER TIME
CTOT-CTOT»CN
NO CORNER REACHED
IF(IFLAG.EQ.01GO TO 23
CLOCKWISE CORNER REACHED
IFIJFLAG.EQ.O) GOTO19
COUNTER-CLOCKMISE CORNER REACHED
IFI1FLAG.EQ.2)GOT025
CHANGE CLOCKWISE CORNER BY ONE
II-JJ
JJ-LAIKA)
KA-KA-H
GOT020
CHANGE COUNTER-CLOCKWISE CORNER BY ONE
LL-MM
MN'LBIKB)
KB-KB+1
JFLAS  - 0   CORNER IS NEAREST TO RECEPTOR
IF(JJ.EQ.MM)  JFLAG'O
           F3803350
           F3803360
           F3803370
           F3803380
           F3803390
           F3803400
           F3803410
           F3803420
           F3803430
           F3803440
           F3803450
           F3803460
           F3803470
           F3803480
           F3803490
LIMITS OF AREA
           F3803500
           F3B03510
           F3803520
           F3803530
           F3803540
           F3803550
           F3803560
           F3803570
           F3803580
           F3803590
           F3803600
           F3803610
           F3803620
           F3803630
           F3803640
           F3803650
           F3803660
           F3803670
           F3803680
           F3803690
           F3803700
           F3803710
           F3803720
           F3803730
           F3803740
           F3803750
           F3803760
           F3803770
           F3803780
           F3803790
           F3803800
           F3803810
           F3803820
           F3803830
           F3803840
           F3803850
           F3803860
           F3803870
           F3803880
           F3803890
                                                                                                                                     N)
                                                                                                                                     VO
                                                                                                                                     00

-------
                                                                                                            PAGE 008
             C     SET CTOT TO ZERO IF WIND IS NOT BLOWING  FROM  RIGHT  DIRECTION
ISN 0311        98 MRITEIIH.304)
ISN 0312        26 CTOT-0.0
ISN 0313        19 CONTINUE
             C      INFO CONVERSION FOR FINAL REPORT
ISN 031*           CTTI,1T)=CTOT
ISN 0315           ATIME-ITIKECNTI
ISN 0316           CTOTA-CTOTA*CTOT*ATIME
ISN 0317         9 CONTINUE
ISN 0318           CTOTF=CTOTF*CTOTA/TTIM£
             C     PRINT FINAL REPORT
ISN 0319           IFdPR.EQ.DGOTOlO
ISN 0321           WRITECIW.ZOZMCTTIJJItJJ-l.NTIHE)
ISN 0322           WRITE!IW,201)KNTt,I =
ISN 0327           HRITECIWt303)CA,CTOTF
             C     LOOP FOR NEXT SET OF DATA
ISN 0328           GO TO 99
ISN 0329       500 WR ITEC IW, ZOO
ISN 0330           STOP
ISN 0331           END
F3803900
F3803910
F3803920
F3803930
F3803940
F3803950
F3803960
F3803970
F3803980
F3803990
F3804000
F3804010
F3804020
F3804030
F3804040
F3804050
F3804060
F3804070
F3804080
F3B04090
F3804100
F380A110
F3804120
F3804130
                                                                                                                                     N>
                                                                                                                                     VO
                                                                                                                                     vo

-------
*****F 0 R  T R  A  N
                       CROSS
                                    R E
                                           E  R  E  N  C  E
                                                          L  I  S T I N G*****
                                                                                           PAGE  009
SVHBOL INTERNAL STATEMENT NUMBERS
A
B
C
0
H
I
J
K
X
V
z
AC
AK
AW
BC
BH
CA
CK
CN
C2
C3
C*
GA
II
IR
IH
JJ
KA
KB
KK
LA
LB
LL
HH
NT
OT
CM
PA
PV
SV
SZ
TP
US
XD
XI
XJ
XT
XV
0002
0002
0002
0233
0002
0082
0025
0087
0128
0026
0046
0063
0232
0123
0002
0002
0082
0228
0124
0121
0227
0119
0082
0120
0293
0271
0272
0273
0002
0024
0006
0006
0028
0067
0173
0174
0229
0002
0002
0171
0172
0110
0002
0002
0102
0002
0243
0243
0002
0002
0048
0230
0233
0241
0002
0029
0029
0029
0050
0103
0027
0087
0128
0027
0046
0063
0323
0124
0042
0043
0103
0230
0125
0125
0228
0120
0102
0124
0294
0272
0274
0283
0003
0029
0023
0087
0038
0067
0302
0306
0230
0156
0165
0196
0198
0112
0051
0086
0114
0080
0244
0271
0081
0085
0050
0231
0234
0243
0127
0042
0042
0039
0070
0103
0037
0094
0131
0028
0046
0063
0323
0124
0043
0047
0103
0231

0126
0230
0121
0327
0125

0273
0276
0285
0003
0029
0026
0311
0041
0170
0303
0307
0230
0169
0171
0197
0200
0115
0053
0096

0114
0245
0271
0326
0095
0050
0235
0236

0196
0042
0042
0041

0104
0080
0095
0132
0032
0047
0063

0046
0049
0104
0233


0231
0125

0125


0278
0287
0253
0029
0029
0321
0042
0190
0303
0307
0230
0170
0172
0200
0305
0116
0055
0096

0326

0292

0095
0051
0235
0236

0193
0043
0043
0041

0104
0080
0095
0136
0034
0047
0065

0047
0063
0104
0234


0233
0126






0253
0030
0078
0322
0042
0192

0230
0302
0306
0211
0306
0314
0071
0098





0097
0053



0200
0046
0046
0043


0080
0096
0140
0034
0048
0066

0048
0067




0234
0227






0253
0030
0079
0324
0045
0193

0232


0212
0308
0315
0073
0116





0112
0055



0200
0046
0046
0045


0081
0096
0152
0035
0049
0066

0062
0069












0265
0169
0080
0325
0046
0194

0233


0232


0075







0055



0211
0047
0047
0045


OOB1
0097
0156
0038
0050
0066

0063
0124












0265
0183
0081
0326
0046
0229

0233


0305










0068




0062
0062
0047


0081
0097
0161
0039
0051
0067

0066













0265
0184
0082
0327
0047
0301

0233













0070




0062
0062
0059


0084
0098
0165
0041
0053
0067

0067














0192
0083
0329
0047
0302

0233













0070




0063
0063
0061


0084
0098
0326
OO42
0055
0068

0068














0209
0084

0047
0308















0071




0066 0066 0067 0230 0233
0066 OC66 0067 0230 0233
0061 0063 0065 0065 0067 0230


0084 0085 0085 0085 0086 0086
0099 0122 0123 0125 0126 0126
0326 0326 0326 0326
0042 0042 0043 0043 0043 0043
0057 0057 0059 0061 0062 0062
0069 0070 0071 0073 0075 0105

0124














0210 0301
0085 0086

0058 0061 0062 0062 0065 0066
0321 0321 0321 0322 0322 0322















0073 0075 0075 0224 0226 0226




0230 0233


0086 0087
0127 0127
0043 0045
0062 0063
0123 0229



















0066 0067




















                                                                                                                   OJ
                                                                                                                   O
                                                                                                                   O

-------
                                                                                                               PAGE  010
                        **»**F 0 R T R A N
                                              CROSS
                                                           REFERENCE
                                                                                L I S T I N 6*****
 SYMBOL
 XH
 XY
 YD
 YI
 YJ
 YV
 YU
 ABS
 CFM
 COS
 CTT
 CHI
 C3P
 C4P
 DEL
 EXP
 FKG
 FNA
 FNB
 GAA
 GAB
 IPR
 ISO
 JIT
 KNT
 KST
 NIT
 SIN
 SSD
 SSO
 XRD
 XVI
 XWI
 rvi
 YWI
 YIP
 Y2P
 ZH1
 ZH2
 ATAN
 CTOT
 OBAR
 DELS
 I COR
 I MAX
 IMIN
 INFO
 JMAX
JOLO
KHAX
NCOR
SHAX
SHIN
                   0293
                   0293
                   0203  0213  0214
 INTERNAL STATEMENT NUMBERS
 OOOZ  0125  0126  0127  0132
 02*2  0243
 0049  OOSO  0050  0051  0053
 0231  0235  0235  0237
 0234  0236  0236  0239
 0002  012B  0197  0212
 0002  0126  0128  0184  0194  0210
 0192  0200  0270
 0270  0293
 0118
 0002  0314  0321
 0292  0293
 0278  0280  0282
 0287  0289  0291
 0188  0192  0201   0203  0213  0214  0292
 0278  0287
 0113  0114
 0114  0115  0292
 0002  011S  0322
 0002  0003  0004
 0002  0003  0005
 0078  0087  0319
 0251  0252  0253   0253  0253  0263  0264  0265
 0175  0185  0185   0186
 0033  0036  0107   0108  0114  0322
 0082  0243  0325
 0023  0175
 0117
 0250  0251   0253   0262   0263  0265
 0252  0253   0264   0265
 0132  0133   0135   0137   0139
 0196  0198   0204
 0183  0190   0193   0204   0209  0211  0213
 0197  0205
 0184  0194   0205   0210   0212  0214
 0235  0237   0237   0244
 0236  0239   0239   0245
 0103  0272
 0104  0273
 0055   0075
 0111   0294   0294   0312  0314
0226   0241  0242
 0200   0201  0203
0002   0027  0036  0108
0150   0151  0153  0153  0154
0136   0144  0145  0157  0166
0002   0079  0324
            0146  0150  0151
                               0183  0190  0192  0192  0193  0209
                               0055  0069  0070  OO70  0071  O073  0075  0225  O226  0226
                                                0265  0265
      0144
      0079
0140  0145
0035  0058
O144  0146
0036  0037
0244  0246
0245  0258
                              0316
                              0154  0156  0157  0160  0162  0162  0163  0163  0165  0166
                              0160
            0108  0122
            0248  0250
            0260  0262
                        0131  0152  0154  0161   0163  0323
                                                                                                                                      U>
                                                                                                                                      O

-------
                                                                                          PAGE Oil
*****F 0 R T R A  N
                       CROSS
                                    REFERENCE
                                                         L  I S  T  I N  G*****
SYMBOL
SORT
TAMO
TAWS
XLPS
XMAX
XMIN
XREC
VREC
ZHC1
ZHC2
AT I HE
CFMAX
CFHIN
COSOW
CTOTA
CTOTF
I FLAG
ITIME
JFLAG
KFLA6
NAREA
NT I HE
OH I NO
RATIO
SINOW
TEHPA
TEHPB
TTIHE
WSNOM
XHBAR
YWBAR
DBTSVZ
INTERNAL STATEMENT NUMBERS
0050
0092
0091
0082
0129
0130
0023
0023
0089
0090
0315
0253
0265
0118
0109
0106
0189
0002
0176
0147
0023
0083
0116
0041
0117
0082
0082
0093
0112
0213
0214
0243
0070
0098
0097
0089
0137
0133
0048
0049
0113
0292
0316
0255
0267
0119
0316
0318
0195
0084
0297
0149
0025
0084
0117
0042
O119
0102
0325
0099
0113
0215
0215

0226
0098
0097
0090
0139
0135
0068
0069



0257
0269
0181
0316
0318
0206
0097
0308
0183
0033
0085
0118
0042
0182
0325

0099
0292
0217
0217

0235
0101
0100
0325
0142

0121
0121



0270
0270
0181
0318
0327
0207
0098

0184
0080
0086
0177
0045
0182


0100

0219
0219

0236
0101
0100



0132
0215





0183


0295
0099

0190
0081
0087
0177
0046
0184


0101

0221
0221


0325
0325



0142
0217





0192


0299
0315

0196
0107
0094
0179
0046
0197


0318

0224
0225







0215 0217 0219 0221 0224
0219 0221 0225





0196 0200 0213





0197 0198 0213 0214
0326
0110 0321 0322
0179 0215 0215 0217 0217 0219 OZ19 0221
0061 0062 0062 0065 0066 0066
0214


0324

0228 0235 0235 0236 0236
0228 0235 0235 0236 0236 0237 0239

                                                                       0221
                                                                                                                   Co
                                                                                                                   O
                                                                                                                   ro

-------
*»***F o  R  T R A N
                       CROSS
                                     REFERENCE
                                                           L I S T I N G***»*
                                                                                            PAGE 012
LABEL
1
2
4
6
7
B
9
10
11
12
13
1*
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
2*
25
26
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
80
81
82
83
98
99
100
1O1
102
103
104
105
106
200
201
202
204
DEFINED
0077
0057
0030
0099
0031
0128
0317
0323
0045
O048
0065
0068
0137
0141
0149
0150
0313
0308
0196
0211
0183
0207
0305
0312
0224
0255
0257
0258
0267
0269
0270
0280
0282
0283
0289
0291
0292
0295
0159
0160
0168
0169
0311
0078
0007
OOO8
0009
0010
0011
0012
0013
0014
0015
0016
0017
REFERENCES
0033
0037
0028
0094
0025
0122
0110
0107 0319
0039
0044
0059
0064
0133
0131 0137
0142
0148
0297
0304
0190
0207
0177 0179 0295 0310
0198 O201
0299

0215 0217 0219 0221
0246
0248
0254 0256
0258
0260
0266 0268
0274
0276
0279 0281
0283
0285
0288 0290
0223
0152
0157
0161
0166
0186
0328
0023 0026 0083
0078
0082
0029 0081 0085 0086
0080
0084
0079
0329
0322
0321
O087
                                                                                                                    LO
                                                                                                                    O
                                                                                                                    U>

-------
                                                                                                             PAGE  013

                      »****F ORTRAN    CROSS    REFERENCE    LISTIN G***»*
LABEL   DEFINED   REFERENCES
 300    0018      0324
 301    0019      0329
 302    0020      Q326
 303    0021      0327
 30*    0022      0311
 500    0329      0078
                                                                                                                                    CJ

-------
MAIN /
            SIZE OF PROGRAM 002A1C HEXADECIMAL BYTES PAGE 014
NAME TAG
A SF
H SF
X SF
AH SF
CA SF
C3 SFA
IR F
KB SF
LL SFA
OH SF
SZ SFA
XI SFA
XW SFA
YJ SFA
CTT SF
DEL SF
GAA E
JIT SF
SSD SF
XMI SF
Y2P SF
DBAR SF
IMIN SF
KMAX SF
TAHO SF
XMIN S
ZHC2 SF
COSOH SFA
ITIME SF
NTIME SF
TEMPA SF
XWBAR SFA
SIN XF
DBTSYZ SF XF
TYPE
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
1*4
1*4
1*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
1*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
1*4
1*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
1*4
1*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
ADD.
00074C
000 56 8
OOOD8C
0005DO
0005EO
0005FO
0005FC
00060C
000614
001Z8C
000628
000630
001354
000648
0013CC
00065C
001488
000670
000680
000690
0006AO
0006BO
0006BC
0006C8
000608
0006E8
0006F8
000708
001460
000724
000734
000744
000000
000000
NAME
B
I
Y
AW
CK
C4
IH
KK
MM
PA
TP
XJ
XY
YV
CWI
FKG
GAB
KNT
SSO
YVI
ZHl
DELS
INFO
NCOR
TAWS
XREC
A TIME
CTOTA
JFLAG
OWIND
TEMPB
YMBAR
FRXPRt
IBCOM*
TAG
SF
SF
SF
SF
SF
SFA
F
SF
SFA
SF
SF
SFA
SFA
SF
SF
SF
E
SF
SF
SF
SF
SF
SF
SF
SF
SF
SF
SF
S
SFA
SF
SFA
XF
F XF
TYPE
R*4
1*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
1*4
1*4
1*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
1*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
1*4
1*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
1*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
1*4
ADD.
0008 DC
0005 BC
OOOF1C
0005D4
0005E4
0005F4
000600
000610
000618
000620
00120C
000634
00063C
00137C
0006SO
000660
001578
000674
000684
000694
0006A4
0006B4
001444
0006CC
0006DC
0006EC
0006FC
00070C
000718
000728
000738
000748
000000
000000
NAME TAG
C SF
J SF
Z SF
BC SF
CN SF
GA F E
JJ SFA
LA SF
NT SF
PV SF
WS SF
XT SFA
YD SFA
YW SF
C3P SF
FNA SF
I PR S
KST SFA
XRD SF
YUI SF
ZH2 SF
ICOR SF
JMAX SF
SMAX SF
XLPS SF
YREC SF
CFMAX SFA
CTOTF SF
KFLAG SF
RATIO SF
TTIME SF
EXP XF
ATAN XF

TYPE
R*4
1*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
1*4
1*4
1*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
ft*4
1*4
1*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
1*4
1*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
1*4
R*4
R*4
R*4
R*4

ADO.
OOOA6C
0005CO
0005C8
000508
0005E8
001488
000604
0010AC
00061C
001284
001304
000638
000640
0013A4
000654
000664
000668
000678
000688
000698
0006A8
00141C
0006CO
0006DO
0006EO
0006FO
000700
000710
00071C
00072C
00073C
000000
000000

NAME TAG
0 S
K SF
AC SF
BM SF
C2 SF
II SFA
KA SF
LB SF
OT S
SY SFA
XO SFA
XV SFA
YI SFA
CFM SF
C4P SF
FNB SF
ISO SF
NIT SF
XVI SF
YIP SF
CTOT SF
IMAX SF
JOLD SF
SMIN SF
XMAX S
ZHC1 SF
CFMIN SFA
IFLAG S
NAREA SF
SINOW SF
WSNOU SF
COS XF
SORT XF

TYPE ADO.
R*4 OOOBFC
I *4 0005C4
R*4 OOOSCC
R*4 OOOSDC
R*4 0005EC
1*4 0005 F 8
1*4 000608
1*4 0010D4
R*4 0010FC
R*4 000624
R*4 00062C
R*4 00132C
R*4 000644
R*4 00064C
R*4 000658
R*4 0013F4
1*4 00066C
1*4 00067C
R*4 00068C
R*4 00069C
R*4 0006AC
1*4 000688
1*4 0006C4
R*4 000604
R*4 0006E4
R*4 0006F4
R*4 000704
1*4 000714
1*4 000720
R*4 000730
R*4 000740
R*4 000000
R*4 000000

                                                                                      10
                                                                                      O
                                                                                      Ul

-------
    LABEL   AODR

        «  0017EC
        2  0019AO
       99  OOIB10
       16  OO1FE8
       81  00205E
       21  0021E8
       31  002576
       35  00261C
       43  0026BO
       47  002744
       26  002708 NR
      SOO  002908
LABEL
        AODR
    7  0017FC
   13  001A14
    6  001098
   17  002022
   82  002092
   24  002264
   32  002582
   36  002624
   44  0026FO
   25  002788
   19  0027EO
LABEL   ADDR

   11  001682
   14  001A60
    8  OOIF92
   18  002026
   83  002096
   22  00227E
   33  00258A
   41  00269A
   45  0026FE
   20  0027AA
    9  002826
'OPTIONS IN EFFECT*       NAME=  MAIN,QPT=02,LINECNT=58,SIZE'OOOOK,

• OPTIONS IN EFFECT*       SOURCE,EBCDIC,NOLI ST.DECK,LOAD,MAP,NOEDIT,IO.XREF

•STATISTICS*      SOURCE  STATEMENTS *     330 .PROGRAM SIZE -    10780

•STATISTICS*  NO   DIAGNOSTICS GENERATED

****** END OF COMPILATION ******
                                                         LABEL    AOOR
12  0018FC
 1  00IB04
15  001FOE
80  00205A
23  00210E
30  00237C
34  00260E
42  0026A8
46  002706
98  0027C4
10  0028BC
                                                                                PAGE  015
                                                                                                                                        CO
                                                                                                                                        O

-------
LEVEL 21.6  ( MAY  72 )
                                                OS/360   FORTRAN H
                                                                                                    DATE   74.295/16.52.06
COMPILER OPTIONS - NAME = MAIN,OPT=02,LINECNT«58.SIZE=OOOOK.

ISN 0002

































ISN 0003
ISN 0004
ISN 0005
ISN 0006
ISN OOO7




ISN 0008

ISN 0009
ISN 0010
ISN 0011
ISN 0012
ISN 0013
ISN 0014
ISN 0015
ISN 0016
ISN 0017


C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

1

2
3
C
C
C
C
9
C
10

101

102
11

12
13
SOURCE, EBCDIC, NOLIST, DECK, LOAD, MAP, NOEDIT, 10, XREF
SUBROUTINE OBTSVZ ( X.XY.KST.SY, SZ ) F3804150
THIS IS THE 1972 VERSION OF DBTSYZ. F3804160
0. B. TURNER, RESEARCH METEOROLOGIST* MODEL DEVELOPMENT BRANCH, F3804170
DIVISION OF METEOROLOGY, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY. F3804180
ROOM 31*8, NCHS BUILDING, RTP. PHONE (919) 5*9-8411 EXT 4564F3804190
MAILING ADDRESS- DM, EPA, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC 27711 F3804200
* ON ASSIGNMENT FROM NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC F3804210
ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE. F3804220
SUBROUTINE DBTSYZ CALCULATES HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL STANDARD F3804230
DEVIATIONS OF CONCENTRATION. THE HORIZONTAL STD. DEV., SY IS F3804240
OBTAINED FROM THE ANGLE BETWEEN A LINE DRAWN FROM THE SOURCE F3804250
IN THE DOWNWIND DIRECTION AND THE BOUNDARY OF THE PLUME AS IS F3804260
SUGGESTED BY PASQUILL. PASQUILL'S DISCUSSION ACTUALLY USES F3804270
TWO TIMES THIS ANGLE. THE VERTICAL STD. DEV., SZ, IS F3804280
CALCULATED FROM A SET OF EQUATIONS DEPENDENT UPON STABILITY F3804290
CLASS AND DOWNWIND DISTANCE OF THE RECEPTOR. F3804300
THE VARIABLES USED IN SUBROUTINE SIGMA ARE... F3804310
X DISTANCE RECEPTOR IS DOWNWIND OF SOURCE (KM) F3804320
XY X+VIRTUAL DISTANCE USED FOR AREA SOURCE APPROX. (KM) F3804330
KST STABILITY CLASS, SEE PAGE 209 OF PASOUILL, ATMOSPHERIC F3804340
DISPERSION F3804350
1 IS PASOUILL STABILITY CLASS A F3804360
2 IS PASQUILL STABILITY CLASS B F3804370
3 IS PASQUILL STABILITY CLASS C F3804380
4 IS PASQUILL STABILITY CLASS 02 F3804390
5 IS PASQUILL STABILITY CLASS E F3804400
6 IS PASQUILL STABILITY CLASS F F3804410
7 IS PASQUILL STABILITY CLASS 01 F3804420
41 IS PASQUILL STABILITY CLASS 01 F3804430
42 IS PASQUILL STABILITY CLASS D2 F3804440
SY SIGMA Y, THE STANDARD DEVIATION OF CONCENTRATION IN THE F36044SO
Y-DIRECTION (M) F3804460
SZ SIGMA Z, THE STANDARD DEVIATION OF CONCENTRATION IN THE F3804470
Z-DIRECTION (M) F3804480
IF (KST-4D2, 1,2 F3804490
KST « 7 F3804500
GO TO 9 F3804510
IF (KST-42)9,3,9 F3804520
KST - 4 F3804S30
GO TO PROPER SET OF EQUATIONS FOR THIS STABILITY CLASS TO F3804540
CALCULATE TH FOR THE GIVEN XY, AND CALCULATE SZ FOR THE GIVEN F3804SSO
X. THEN GO TO 80 WHERE SZ IS LIMITED TO 5000 AND SY IS F3804560
CALCULATED FROM XY AND TH. RETURN. F3804S70
GO TO 1 10,30, 40, 42, 52, 68, 92), KST F3804580
STABILITY A (101 F3804S90
TH = (24.167 - 2. 5334*ALOG( XY)) /57.295S F3804600
IF(X-0. 1)101, 102, 102 F3804610
SZ = 122.8 * X ** 0.9447 F3804620
GO TO 80 F3804630
IF I X-0. 15) 11, 12, 12 F3804640
SZ * 158.08 *X ** 1.O542 F3804650
GO TO 80 F3804660
IF (X-0. 20)13, 13, 14 F3804670
SZ * 170.22 *X ** 1.0932 F3804680
                                                                                                                                       OJ
                                                                                                                                       O

-------
                                                                                              PAGE  002
ISN 0018
ISN 0019
ISM OOZO
ISN 0021
ISN 0022
ISN 0023
ISN 002*
ISN 0025
ISN 0026
ISN OO27
ISN 0028
ISN 0029
ISN 0030
ISN 0031
ISN 0032
ISN 0033
ISN 003*
ISN OO35

ISN 0036
ISN 0037
ISN 0038
ISN 0039
ISN 00*0
ISN 00*1
ISN 00*?
ISN 00*3
ISN 00**

ISN 00*5
ISN 00*6
ISN OO*7

ISN 0048
ISN 0049
ISN 0050
ISN 0051
ISN 0052
ISN 0053
ISN 0054
ISN 0055
ISN 0056
ISN 0057
ISN 0058
ISN 0059
ISN 0060
ISN OO61
ISN 0062
ISN 0063
ISN 0064
ISN 0065

ISN 0066
ISN 0067
ISN 0068
ISN 0069
   SZ
14
15

16
17

18
19

20
21

22
23

24
30

31
32
33
3* SZ
    GO TO 80
    IF (X-0. 25)15, 15, 16
    SZ = 179.52 *X ** 1.1262
    GO TO 80
    IF (X-0. 30)17, 17, 18
         217. 41 *X ** 1.264*
   GO TO 80
   IF (X-O.40>1<),19,20
   SZ * 258.89 *X **  1.409*
   GO TO 80
   IF ( X-0. 501 21,21,22
   SI = 3*6.75 *X **  1.7283
   GO TO 80
   IF (X-3. 11)23, 23, 24
   SZ = *53.85 *X **  2.1166
   GO TO 80
   SZ = 5000.
   GO TO 80
      STABILITY B (301
        (18.333 - 1.8096*ALOG( XV) 1/57. 2958
    TH
    IF (X-0. 2)31, 31, 32
    SZ
         9O.673 *X ** 0.93198
    GO TO 80
    IF (X-0.*>33,33,3*
    SZ » 98.*83 »X *» 0.98332
    GO TO 80
         109.30 *X *» 1.0971
        «8.3333-0.72382*ALOG(XVI)/57.2958
    GO TO 80
       STABILITY C (*0)
 *0 TH = (12.5 - 1.0857*ALOG( XV) 1 757.2958
    SZ = 61.141 *X ** 0.91465
    GO TO 80
       STABILITY 02 OR 0 (42)
 42 TH
    IF (X-0. 3)41,41, 39
 41 SZ » 34.459 *X ** 0.86974
    GO TO 80
 39 IF ( X-1.0)43.43,44
 43 SZ - 32.093 *X ** 0.81066
    GO TO 80
 44 IF (X-3.0)45,45,46
 45 SZ = 32.093 *X ** 0.64403
    GO TO 80
 46 IF ( X-10. 1*7,47,48
 47 SZ ' 33.504 *X ** 0.60486
    GO TO 80
 43 IF (X-30. 149,49,50
 49 SZ * 36.650 *X ** 0.56589
    GO TO 80
 50 SZ - *4.0S3 *X ** 0.51179
    GO TO BO
       STABILITY E (521
 52 TH = (6.25 - O.S4287*ALOG(XY) 1/57.2958
    IF (X-0. 1)521, 522 ,522
521 SZ - 24.26 * X ** 0.8366
    GO TO 80
 F3804690
 F3804700
 F3804710
 F3804720
 F3804730
 F3804740
 F3804750
 F380*760
 F380*770
 F380*780
 F3804790
 F3804800
 F3804810
 F3804820
 F3804830
 F3804840
 F3804850
 F3804860
 F3804870
 F3804eeO
 F3804890
 F3804900
 F3804910
 F3804920
 F3804930
 F3804940
 F38C4950
 F3804960
 F3804970
 F3804980
 F3804990
 F38C5000
 F380S010
 F3805020
 F3805030
 F3805040
 F3805050
 F 3805060
 F3805070
 F3805080
 F3805090
 F3805100
 F3805110
 F3805120
 F3805130
 F3805140
F3805150
 F3805160
F3805170
F3805180
F3805190
F3805200
F3805210
F3B05220
F3805230
F3805240
                                                                                                                      CO
                                                                                                                      O
                                                                                                                      OO

-------
                                                                                                               PAGE 003
 ISN 0070        522  IF  (X-0.3)53,53, 5*
 ISN 0071         53  SI  =  23.331 *X ** 0.61956
 ISN 0072            GO  TO BO
 ISN 0073         5*  IF  (X-l.)55t5Sr56
 ISN 007*         55  SZ  =  21.628 *X *» 0.75660
 ISN 0075            CO  TO 80
 ISN 0076         56  IF  ( X-2. 157,57, 58
 ISN 0077         57  SZ  »  21.628 *X ** 0.63077
 ISN 0078            GO  TO 80
 ISN 0079         58  IF  (X-4.159,59,60
 ISN 0080         59  SZ  =  22.53* *X ** 0.5715*
 ISN 0081            GO  TO 80
 ISN 0082         60  IF  (X-10.161,61,62
 ISN 0083         61  SZ  -  2*.703 »X *» 0.50527
 ISN 008*            GO  TO 80
 ISN 0085         62  IF  (X-20.)63,63,64
 ISN 0086         63  SZ  -  26.970 *X ** O.A6713
 ISN 0087            GO  TO 80
 ISN 0088         6*  IF  (X-*0.)65,65,66
 ISN 0089         65  SZ  =  35.420 *X ** 0.37615
 ISN 0090            GO  TO 80
 ISN 0091         66  SZ  *  47.618 *X ** 0.29592
 ISN 0092            GO  TO 80
              C         STABILITY F (681
 ISN 0093         68  TH  »  U.1667 - 0.36191*ALOGI XV) )/S7.2958
 ISN 009*            IF  (X-0. 2)69,69.70
 ISN 0095         69  SZ  '  15.209 *X ** 0.81558
 ISN 0096            GO  TO 80
 ISN 0097         70  IF  «X-0.7)73,73,7*
 ISN 0098         73  SZ  *  14.457 *X ** 0.78*07
 ISN 0099            GO  TO 80
 ISN 0100         7*  IF  (X-1.)75,T5,76
 ISN 0101         75  SZ  «=  13.953 *X ** 0.68465
 ISN 0102            GO  TO 80
 ISN 0103         76  IF  (X-2.)77,77,78
 ISN 010*         77  SZ  *  13.953 *X *» 0.63227
 ISN 0105            GO  TO 80
 ISN 0106         78  IF  (X-3.179,79,82
 ISN 0107         79  SZ  -  1*.823 *X ** 0.5*503
 ISN 0108            GO  TO 80
 ISN 01O9         82  IF  ( X-7. 183,83,84
 ISN 0110         83  SZ  =  16.187 *X ** O.*6*90
 ISN Olll            GO  TO 80
 ISN 0112         8*  IF  (X-15.185,85,86
 ISN 0113         85  SZ  =  17.836 *X ** O.*1507
.ISN Oil*            GO  TO 80
 ISN 0115         86  IF  (X-30.)87,87,88
 ISN 0116         87  SZ  =  22.651 *X ** 0.32681
 ISN 0117            GO  TO 8O
 ISN 0118         88  IF  (X-60.)89,89,90
 ISN 0119         89  SZ  =  27.07* *X ** 0.27*36
 ISN 0120            GO  TO 80
 ISN 0121         90  SZ  -  3*.219 *X »* 0.21716
 ISN 0122            GO  TO 80
              C         STABILITY 01 192)
 ISN 0123         92  TH  =  (8.3333 - 0. 72382*ALOG(XY) 1/57.2958
 F3805250
 F3805260
 F3805270
 F3805280
 F3805290
 F3805300
 F3805310
 F380S32O
 F380S330
 F3805340
 F3805350
 F3805360
 F3805370
 F3805380
 F3805390
 F3805400
 F3805*10
 F3805420
 F3805430
 F3805**0
 F3805450
 F3805460
 F3805*70
 F3805*80
 F3805*90
 F3805500
 F380S510
 F3805520
 F3805S30
 F3805540
 F3805550
 F3805560
 F3805570
 F380S580
 F3805590
 F38056CO
 F3805610
 F3805620
 F380S630
 F3805640
 F3805650
 F3805660
 F3805670
 F3805680
 F3805690
 F3805700
 F3805710
 F3805720
 F3805730
 F3805740
 F3805750
 F3805760
 F3805770
F3B05780
F3805790
F3805800
                                                                                                                                     U>
                                                                                                                                     O
                                                                                                                                     VO

-------
                                                                                                            PAGE 004
ISN 0124
ISN 0125
ISN 0126
ISN 0127
ISN 0128
ISN 0129
ISN 0130
ISN 0131
ISN 0132
93 SI
   If 
-------
                       *****F 0 R T R A N
                                             CROSS
                                                          REFERENCE
                                                                               L I S T I N G*****
                                                                                                               PAGE 005
SYMBOL  INTERNAL STATEMENT NUMBERS
X       0002  0010  0011  0013  0014
        O04O  0041  0043  0046  0049
        0073  0074  0076  0077  0079
        0103  0104  0106  0107  0109
SY      0002  0130
SZ      0002  0011  0014  0017  0020
        0064  0068  0071  0074  0077
        0121  0125  0127  0126  0129
TH      0009  0036  0045  0048  0066
XY      0002  0009  0036  0045  0048
COS     0130
KST     0002  0003  0004  0006  0007
SIN     0130
AL06    0009  0036  0045  0048  0066
DBTSYZ  0002
0016  C017  0019  0020  0022  0023  0025   0026   0028   0029   0031  0032  0037  0038
OC50  0052  0053  0055  O056  0058  0059   0061   0062   0064   0067  0068  0070  0071
0080  0082  0083  0085  0086  0088  0089   0091   0094   0095   0097  0098  0100  0101
0110  0112  0113  0115  0116  0118  0119   0121   0124   0125   0127

OC23  0026  0029  0032  0034  0038  0041   0043   0046   0050   0053  0056  0059  0062
0080  0083  0086  0089  0091  0095  0098   0101   0104   0107   0110  0113  0116  0119

O093  O123  O130  013O
0066  0093  0123  0130

0008

0093  0123

-------
*****F  0
            T R  A  N
                        CROSS
                                       REFERENCE
                                                             L  I  S  T I N G*****
                                                                                                PAGE 006
LABEL
1
2
3
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
30
31
32
33
34
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
SO
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
68
69
70
73
DEFINED
0004
0006
0007
0008
0009
0014
0016
0017
0019
0020
0022
0023
0025
O026
0028
0029
0031
0032
0034
0036
0038
0040
0041
0043
0052
0045
0050
0048
0053
0055
0056
0058
0059
0061
0062
0064
0066
0071
0073
0074
O076
0077
0079
0080
0082
0083
0085
0086
0088
0089
0091
0093
0095
0097
0098
REFERENCES
0003
0003
0006
0005
0008
0013
0013
0016
0016
0019
0019
0022
0022
0025
0025
0028
0028
0031
0031
0008
0037
0037
0040
0040
0049
0006
0049
0008
0052
0052
0055
0055
0058
0058
0061
0061
0008
0070
0070
0073
0073
0076
0076
0079
0079
0082
0082
0085
0085
0088
0088
0008
0094
0094
0097

3003

0006 OOO6


0013
0016

0019

0022

0025

0028

0031


0037

0040



0049

0052

0055

0058

0061


0070

0073

0076

0079

0082

ocas

0088


0094

0097
                                                                                                                           U)
                                                                                                                           I-4
                                                                                                                           to

-------
                                                                                           PAGE 007
*****F o R  T  R  A N
                       CROSS
                                    REFERENCE
                                                          L I S T  I  N  G*****
LABEL
T,
75
76
77
78
79
80


82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
92
93
94
95
96
101
102
521
522
DEFINED
0100
0101
0103
0104
0106
0107
0128


0109
0110
0112
0113
0115
0116
0118
0119
0121
0123
0125
0127
0129
0130
0011
0013
0068
0070
REFERENCES
0097
0100
0100
0103
0103
0106
0012
0063
0114
0106
0109
0109
0112
0112
0115
0115
0118
0118
0008
0124
0124
0128
0128
0010
0010
0067
0067

0100

0103

0106
0015 0018 0021 0024 0027 0030 0033 0035 0039 0042 0044 0047
0065 0069 0072 0075 0078 0081 0084 0087 0090 0092 0096 0099
0117 0120 0122 0126

0109

0112

0115

0118


0124


0128

0010

0067
                                                                             0051   0054  0057  0060
                                                                             0102   0105  0108  0111

-------
                                                 /    DBTSYZ /     SIZE OF PROGRAM OOOCFA HEXADECIMAL BYTES PAGE 008


 NAME    TAG   TYPE  ADD.        NAME     TAG    TYPE   ADD.         NAME    TAG   TYPE  ADD.        NAME    TAG   TYPE  ADD.
     X  F      R*4  000384           SY  S        R*4   0003B8          SZ S       R*4  0003BC          TH SFA     R«*  0003CO
    XY  FA     R*4  0003C4          K.ST  SF      I**   0003C8         COS     XF  R*4  000000         SIN     XF  R**  000000
FRXPR*     XF  R*4  000000         ALOG      XF   R*4   000000      DBTSYZ         R*4  0003CC
                                                                                                                                         to

-------
  LABEL   ADDR
                              LABEL    AODR
                                                           LABEL   AODR
                                                                                       LABEL   AODR
                                                                                                              PAGE 009
       I
      10
      12
      16
      20
      24
      33
      41
      45
      49
      522
       56
       60
       64
       69
       75
       79
       85
       89
       94
00040A
00043S
0004BC
000518
000574
000500
00063E
000700
00075C
0007B8
000852
 0008AE
 0009QA
 000966
 0009EA
 OOOA46
 OOOAA2
 OOOAFE
 OOOB5A
 OOOBF4
2
101
13
17
21
30
34
39
46
SO
53
57
61
65
70
76
82
86
90
80
C00412
CO046C
0004C8
000524
000580
0005DC
000660
000722
00077E
00070A
00085E
0008BA
000916
000972
OOOAOC
OOOA68
OOOAC4
OOOB20
OOOB7C
OOOC12
3
102
14
18
22
31
40
43
47
52
54
58
62
66
73
77
83
87
92
95
00041C
00048E
0004EA
000546
0005A2
000610
003682
00072E
00078A
0007FC
000880
000 BOC
000938
000994
OOOA18
OOOA74
OOOAOO
OOOB2C
OOOB9E
OOOC1E
'OPTIONS IN EFFECT*      NAME-  MAIN,OPT«02,LINECNT-58, SIZE»OOOOK,

• OPTIONS IN EFFECT*      SOURCE.EBCDIC,NOLI ST.DECK,LOAD,MAP.NOEOIT,ID,XREF

'STATISTICS*      SOURCE  STATENENTS *     131  .PROGRAM SIZE *     3316

•STATISTICS*   NO  DIAGNOSTICS  GENERATED
  9   000420
 11   C0049A
 15   0004F6
 19   000552
 23   0005AE
 32   000632
 42   0006CC
 44   OOO750
 48   000 7AC
521   000830
 55   00088C
 59   0008E8
 63   C00944
 68   000986
 74  OOOA3A
 78  COOA96
 84  OOOAF2
 88  OOOB4E
 93  OOOBD2
 96  OOOC26
 ****** END OF COMPILATION ******

 •STATISTICS*  NO  DIAGNOSTICS THIS STEP
                                                               45K BYTES OF CORE NOT USED
                                                                                                                                       CO

-------
where
                                                                    316
           15.8  Calculation of Fluorine Vapor Pressure
                 CT
          cf = measured concentration

             = 1.84 x 10"  g moles/1
           D = dilution multiplier (see Appendix 15.2)
             = 25
          PT = measured system pressure
             = 36.33 mm Hg
          CT = total molar concentration in condensed vapor
             = 55.42 g moles/1
          Pf = 388 x 10"6 mm Hg .

-------
  EPA-650/2-74-095
4 TITLE AND SUBTITLE
                                 TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
                          (Please read IiuOvctioiu on the revtne before completing}
4. TITLE MWW awn 111 I.E
Fluoride Emissions from Phosphoric Acid Plant
  Gypsum Ponds
7. AUTHOR(S)

W.R. King and J.K. Ferrell
                                                        3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.
            6. REPORT DATE
             October 1974
            6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
                                                        8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
9. PERFORMING ORG-VNIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
North Carolina State University
Raleigh, NC  27607
             1AB015;  ROAP 21AFA-075
            11. CONtRACYAiRANT NO.

            R-800950
~2. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
EPA, Office of Research and Development
NERC-RTP, Control Systems Laboratory
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
            13. TYPE OF REPORT AND I
             Final;  9/72-7/74
                                                                        D PERIOD COVERED
            14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
IB. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
 These estates were^^ "STS^ tS£ ^edSent T SoT
 concentrations'downwind.erfthe ^;Jj°™J^|emigslon estimates and a standard
 S^rffiESSS^^              the vaUdity of the emission

 estimates.
                              •^	
                              KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
                                           b.IDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
Air Pollution
Fluorides
Phosphoric Acids
Manufacturing
Ponds
18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
Unlimited
Air Pollution Control
Stationary Sources
Wet Process
Process Water
Gypsum Ponds
19. SECURITY CLASS (TMi Report)
Unclassified
20. SECURITY CLASS (This page)
Unclassified
c. COSATI Field/Group

 13B~
 07B

 05C
 08H
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                                                                     22. PRICE
   Form 2220-1 (»-73)

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