ACTIVITIES
of the
OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS
FISCAL YEAR 1975
Annual Report
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ACTIVITIES
Of the
OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS
FISCAL YEAR 1975
Annual Report
This report (SW-170) was compiled
by H. LANIER HICKMAN, JR.
Director of Operations
for Solid Waste Management Programs
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
October 1975
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. INTRODUCTION ' 1
II. OSWMP FY 75 PROGRAM PERSPECTIVE , . 6
III. LISTING OF PROJECTS MANAGED IN FY 1975 9
A. Completed Projects. 10
Safe and Acceptable Waste Management. .... 11
Municipal Solid Waste and Sludges. ... 11
Hazardous Wastes 16
Conservation of Natural Resources 18
Energy Recovery. . 18
Materials Recovery 19
Waste Reduction 23
B. Projects in Process 25
Safe and Acceptable Waste Management 26
Municipal Solid Waste and Sludges. ... 26
Hazardous Wastes 31
Conservation of Natural Resources 34
Energy Recovery 34
Materials Recovery 36
Waste Reduction 37
C. New Starts. . 38
Safe and Acceptable Waste Management 39
Municipal Solid Waste and Sludges. ... 39
Hazardous Wastes 46
Conservation of Natural Resources 51
Energy Recovery 51
Materials Recovery . 55
Waste Reduction. 58
IV. PUBLISHED REPORTS 60
Safe and Acceptable Waste Management 61
Conservation of Natural Resources 68
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I. INTRODUCTION
The United States generated approximately 134 x 106 (122 x'106
metric tons) tons of municipal solid waste in 1974. Additionally,
sludges from municipal wastewater treatment systems contributed
7 x 106 tons (6.45 x 106 metric tons) in 1974. Sludges from industry
contributed 260 x 106 tons (235 x 106 metric tons) in 1974. Municipal
solid waste is expected to increase at an annual rate of 3-5%. Because
of increasing regulation of industry air and water effluents under
the authorities of the Clean Air Act and Federal Water Pollution
Control Act, sludges from industry are expected to increase 100%
by 1983.
The vast majority of all solid waste is disposed of on the land.
Virtually no concrete data exists to really quantify much less qualify
current management practices. Data does indicate, however, that well
over 90 percent of municipal and industrial solid wastes are disposed of
in an environmentally unacceptable way on the land. These poor disposal
practices result in air pollution from open burning, health impacts from
disease vectors and water/land pollution from leachates formed in
improperly sited, designed and operated sites.
Because of the problems of land disposal, incineration, inefficient
and costly collection service, and increasing generations rate of solid
waste, other means are being sought to reduce management costs. In 1971
municipal solid wastes alone contained:
67% of paper produced in the U. S.
81% of glass produced in the U. S.
12% of steel produced in the U. S.
16% of aluminum produced in the U. S.
42% of plastic produced in the U. S.
These large amounts of resources in our nation's solid waste stream
make it obvious why the concept of resource recovery is receiving such
intense attention in the United States today. Materials recovery can
occur in two principal ways: separate collection for recycling, or
central processing of collected wastes to separate various materials for
recycling.
Various reasons exist for the lack of markets for secondary
materials. The principal reason is the fact that there are so many
legal and institutional barriers affecting the recovery of materials
from a waste stream that it is generally cheaper to prepare a product
from virgin materials. Factors which drive up the cost of secondary
materials and hold down the cost of virgin materials include discrim-
inatory freight rates, tax incentives, procurement and labelling practices.
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Recovery of energy from solid waste is another opportunity now
under intense consideration in the United States. About 1% of the U.S.
energy needs is available in the municipal solid waste stream alone.
Studies to determine the opportunities for energy recovery from other
waste streams such as industrial and agricultural waste are only now
beginning. Major difficulties that need to be overcome to make this
option more attractive are the financing of systems, the conservative
nature of utility companies, the lack of business acumen of local
government, and data on technology to allow "routine" design, construction,
and operation.
Reducing the amount of wastes generated is another approach to
dealing with the problems of solid waste management. Waste reduction
concepts include such approaches of the reduction of packaging materials,
extension of life products. Waste reduction is probably the most
difficult to achieve because almost any initiative tends to affect
established production, marketing and distribution practices. Further,
data to deal with such concepts as product life do not exist at this
time.
Hazardous wastes, generated primarily by industry, exceeds 10x106
tons (4 x 1 x 106 metric tons) per year. Contaminants such as mercury,
arsenic, lead, etc. exist in industrial process wastes. After air/water
pollution treatment occur these materials are concentrated into waste
sludges, slurries, and semi-solid wastes. Technology to deal with
many of these wastes in an environmentally acceptable approach is
available. However, because of the ability to land dispose unacceptably,
acceptable methods, which cost more, are not practiced.
Health and environmental impacts of improper solid waste management
practices are not adequately documented. Much of the data is antidotal
in nature.
The picture is not as bleak as this dicussion might lead one to
believe. The awareness of the magnitude and significance of the solid
waste management problem in the U.S. is growing and reaching a high
level of sophistication. This awareness is bringing about many changes
by government, industry, and the public alike. Employment in State
government for solid waste management has risen from 10 to over 400
people in the last 9 years. The understanding of leachate generation
phenomena, from land disposal of wastes, how to minimize its development
and treat that which is generated is increasing. While leachate
collection and treatment technology is not fully understood, there are
options available. Research, development effort by EPA's ORD, and
demonstration efforts by EPA's OSWMP are underway to develop improved
methods to collect and treat leachate. Further, natural attenuation
characteristics are under study to provide greater flexibility for
disposal site selection.
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Techniques to improve collection efficiencies are now available.
As these techniques are more widely applied, efficiencies will improve,
manpower requirements will be less, costs will reduce, injuries will
become less and collection services will improve.
EPA has a variety of fullscale resource/energy demonstration
projects now in various stages of design, construction, and operation.
These projects include:
1. Franklin, Ohio - materials recovery - in operation
2. St. Louis, Mo. - direct firing of solid waste in coal fired
boiler - in operation
3. Baltimore, Md. - pyrolysis to produce gas - in operation
(shakedown)
4. San Diego, Calif. - pyrolysis to produce fuel oil - in
design state
5. Delaware - direct firing of solid waste in oil-fired boiler
- in design stage
In addition to these Federally supported projects, private enterprise
is also contributing to the advancement of new resource/energy recovery
systems. Union Carbide has constructed a large pilot scale pyrolysis
unit to complete the research and development of the process. NCRR,
in cooperation with the City of New Orleans, is installing a separation
plant to recover various materials from the city's solid waste stream.
The State of Connecticut by using its broad regulatory and funding
capability has created a State-wide resource recovery authority which
during the next few years will establish regional disposal and resource
recovery facilities for the entire State.
Interest by communities in resource recovery is increasing
dramatically because of these various activities by industry, State
an4 local government and EPA's OSWMP and ORD. Information in January
1974 showed 6 systems in operation, 7 under construction, 6 ready to
start construction, and 13 communities were in various stages of
funding, contracting, and design.
Hazardous waste management practices are also receiving closer
attention by State and local government. Several states, including
California have passed specific legislation directed at hazardous
waste and are establishing rules and regulations to improve hazardous
waste management. EPA's OSWMP has programs underway to provide
technology options and guidelines for environmentally acceptable
hazardous waste management and technical assistance efforts to assist
Government and industry to adopt these options and guidelines.
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The major problem (s) for the solid waste management field still
involves the institutional constraints that prevent an acceleration of
application of known and acceptable technical and management practices.
These are the areas that require the greatest attention by citizens and
governmental entities. Regulations need to be established and enforced.
Funds for governmental services need to be repriortized to provide
greater funding flexibility for solid waste management. The taxing and
rate inequities which impact economically on secondary materials need to
be adjusted. Continuation of the practices which do not conserve energy
and resources in consumer products need to be understood and corrected
to advance waste reduction. Finally, government at every level needs
more legislative and funding support and focus to assure that the goals
that protect the environment, conserve energy and resources and recover
material and energy from the solid waste stream are met. To achieve
these goals will require far greater commitments by all sectors of
American life. The Federal perspective sees this commitment as one of
all the solid waste management community. We can and will provide the
leadership, but the work must be done by all.
Since 1965 the Federal focus on the problems of solid waste management
have been the responsibility of EPA's Office of Solid Waste Management
Programs and its predecessor organizations in the Department of Health,
Education and Welfare. Efforts begun in 1966 have been primarily focused
on assisting States to develop strong, vigorous solid waste management
agencies; developing and demonstrating new and improved solid waste
management technology and management techniques; and assisting state and
local government and industry in adopting improved practices.
When the Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965 was amended in 1970 by
the Resource Recovery Act, it dramatically altered the shape and direction
of the solid waste management program efforts in EPA. The increased
emphasis on resource recovery and hazardous wastes has resulted in a new
program greatly different from the one which implemented the original
1965 Act.
Responsibility for meeting the authorities of the current amended
Solid Waste Disposal Act are shared between the GSWMP, the Regional
Offices, and ORD. Current program efforts both intramurally and
extramurally are specifically aimed at the problems discussed above with
emphasis on the problems and solutions needed for the achievement of
acceptable and safe waste management, including the protection of the
land from improper disposal practices; and the conservation of natural
resources, including energy through resource recovery and waste reduction.
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This report provides a listing and brief description of the major
projects that OSWMP managed during FY 1975 (July 1, 1974 through June 30,
1975). It does not attempt to detail each and every activity of OSWMP
nor explain why certain efforts are being conducted. Rather, the
listing of projects in Section III and publications in Section IV is provided so
that persons who are interested in what OSWMP is doing and what information
is forthcoming or available can find a way to satisfy that interest.
The projects listed in Section III are designed to meet the goals
established by the Agency's solid waste management strategy. -As mentioned
earlier, other portions of EPA, i.e., ORD, and the Regional Offices also
share responsibilities in carrying out EPA's solid waste management
strategy. No effort is made in this report to discuss their efforts.
This report was specifically developed to describe the major results and
efforts of OSWMP during FY 1975.
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II. OSWMP FY 75 PROGRAM PERSPECTIVE
The Office of Solid Waste Management Programs is a small program in
the Environmental Protection Agency. It consists of a staff of 125 and
in Fiscal Year 1975 had a base budget of about $12.3 million. Additional
funding received subsequent to approval of the base budget raised the
total amount of dollars managed by OSWMP in 1975 to approximately $20
million. Other portions of the Agency, the Office of Research and
Development and the 10 EPA Regional Offices also are involved in solid
waste management.
The OSWMP is not a regulatory program. The existing Solid Waste
Disposal Act, as amended, was extended in FY 75. Several hearings were
held on substantive amendments to the present Act but new legislation
did not pass either the House or the Senate.
A major accomplishment in Fiscal Year 1975 was the publication of
an Agency solid waste management strategy in October 1974. This strategy
statement gives the priorities for the Agency's solid waste management
efforts, and details the programmatic thrusts of the program. The
Agency goals as stated in the solid waste management strategy are to
achieve acceptable and safe waste management, and to conserve natural
resources.
To meet these goals the Office is attempting to develop a better
understanding of the environmental problems caused by improper management
of certain wastes that may be "potentially hazardous." Our Hazardous
Waste Management Division (HWMD) focused on this effort. HWMD is establishing
a data base to understand the sources of wastes (mostly industrial
sources), the potential environmental damages that are or may be caused
by improper management of those wastes, and the technology options that
may be applied or be needed to reduce or eliminate potential damages.
Major studies are underway in 13 industry groupings in the U.S. to
define quantitatively and qualitatively thir hazardous waste streams. A
large study is underway to test the acceptability of various thermal"
reduction processes to destroy certain hazardous wastes and a major
project to demonstrate the land disposal of chemical (hazardous) wastes
was initiated in FY 75. This Division is also developing the necessary
tools and capabilities necessary to enable hazardous wastes to be
regulated to protect environmental quality and public health. Studies
are underway to interpret and understand other environmental regulatory
programs and to develop recommended procedures for hazardous waste
management. This Division has been delegated the responsibility to
issue disposal regulations for pesticides and pesticide wastes under the
FIFRA, as amended. This Division also works with the States and others
who are developing their own regulatory programs directed toward
potentially hazardous" wastes. Major program elements of HWMD are
M^ior n^Ldre}OP?Tt' data baSe devel°Pment' a^ Program implementation.
Major project, in the HWMD are described under these headings in Section
Hi or this report.
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A major focus of the Systems Management Division (SMD) is the
development of a better understanding of land disposal practices for
wastes. In the past, OSWMP focused primarily on land disposal for
municipal solid wastes, but during FY 75 increased resources were devoted
to understanding the effects and practices of disposal and/or utilization
of municipal sewage sludge on the land. SMD is supporting the Water
Supply Office of EPA by preparing a Report to Congress, as required by
the Safe Drinking Water Act, on the impacts of all land disposal practices
on groundwater. Our land disposal efforts are to characterize the
nature of leachate generated and potential or actual groundwater contamination
from a variety of land disposal practices, to understand the technology
of leachate collection and treatment, and to work with communities to
better implement sound waste disposal practices. SMD has initiated a
project to demonstrate anaerobic treatment of leachate and has underway
a project to determine the acceptability of utilizing municipal sewage
sludge as a soil conditioner and supplement in growing turf. This
Division also addresses conventional solid waste management; with
significant efforts directed toward the promotion of collection efficiency
and safety in solid waste management. Of particular interest is the
technical assistance capability and supportive tools of SMD which when
utilized by cities and industries can significantly reduce their collection
costs. SMD is also developing guidelines for the collection of municipal,
commercial and institutional solid wastes under Section 209 of the Solid
Waste Disposal Act, as amended. Major program elements of SMD are
technical assistance, land disposal and special wastes. Major projects
in the SMD are described under these headings in Section III of this
report.
A major focus of the Resource Recovery Division (RRD) is the
implementation of systems to recover energy and materials from solid
waste. RRD currently manages 5 large resource recovery demonstration
projects, (two in materials recovery and 3 in energy recovery) and is
attempting to stimulate the adoption of systems to separate wastes at
their generation source for separate collection and recovery. RRD
devotes considerable effort in studies and analyses to determine what
actions are needed to stimulate increased demands for secondary materials
and increase the practice of waste reduction. RRD also is responsible
for the preparation of the annual Report to Congress on Resource Recovery
and Waste Reduction as mandated by Section 205 of the Solid Waste
Disposal Act, as amended. This Division is also responsible for developing
4 guidelines for resource recovery under Section 209 of the Solid Waste
Disposal Act, as amended* These guidelines address the sale of returnable
beverage containers at Federal facilities, source separation and separate
collection of wastes for recycling; implementation of large scale resource
recovery facilities to recover materials and energy; and Federal procurement
of products containing material recovered from post consumer wastes.
Major program elements of RRD are materials recovery, energy recovery,
and waste reduction. Major projects in the RRD are described under
these headings in Section III of this report.
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During FY 75 $3.0 million was allocated to the Agency's Regional
Offices to fund planning, demonstration and training projects of State
solid waste management programs. The Regional Administrators were
allowed maximum flexibility in awarding grants to State programs in
order to implement the State role as envisioned in the Agency's Solid
Waste Management Strategy for FY 75.
Grant funds were utilized by the State solid waste management
programs to increase efforts in the enforcement of State regulations
for solid waste processing and disposal facilities, to initiate
State-wide hazardous waste surveys, and to conduct the planning
necessary to encourage material and energy recovery from solid waste.
8
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III. LISTING OF PROJECTS MANAGED IN FY 1975
Section III is divided into three major subsections: Completed
Projects; Projects in Process; and New Starts. Within each subsection
the projects are listed according to the two goals of the Agency's
solid waste management strategy: Safe and acceptable solid waste
management; and conservation of natural resources. Within the
subsection on safe and acceptable waste management the projects are
divided into efforts related to municipal solid waste and sludges
and efforts related to hazardous wastes. The projects within the
conservation of natural resources subsection are divided into efforts
directed at energy recovery/ materials recovery, and waste reduction.
9
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Ill A. COMPLETED PROJECTS
10
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SAFE AND ACCEPTABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT
Municipal Solid Waste and Sludges
Title: SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL BY CONTAINERIZATION
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$593,645 (total) $378,070 (OSWMP)
Department of Public Works, Humboldt
County, California
January 31, 1974 (final report received FY 75)
Donna Krabbe
A report on use of large bulk containers
for rural collection. Published through
NTIS.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS STUDY OF THE CONTAINER TRAIN
METHOD OF SOLID WASTE COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL
Demonstration Grant
$206,925 (total) $155,194 (OSWMP)
Public Works Department, City of Wichita
Falls, Texas
August 31, 1974 - final report
currently in review.
Donna Krabbe
1. Report on use of computer methods to
plan collection systems and to route
collection vehicles.
2. Appropriate computer programs.
currently planned for popular
distribution.
Not
Title:
MANAGEMENT OF COMMERCIAL REFUSE COLLECTION
Types
Amount;
Grantee:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$73,733 (total) $39,250 (OSWMP)
Scottsdale, Arizona
June 30f 1975
R. Kent Anderson
Final Report entitled: "A Handbook for
Initiating or Improving Commercial Refuse
Collection" and an Appendices entitled,
"Appendices to a Handbook for Initiating
or Improving Commercial Refuse Collection."
11
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Titlei
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
IMPLEMENTATION OF AN IMPROVED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM - VRCSD MODEL SANITARY LANDFILL
Demonstration Grant
$182,600 (total) $136,949 (OSWMP)
Ventura Regional County Sanitation District
March 1975
Truett DeGeare
Report on county solid waste system.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
CHILTON COUNTY SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL DEMONSTRATION
PROJECT—CLEAN AND GREEN
Demonstration Grant
$463,537 (total) $230,000 (OSWMP)
Chilton County, Alabama
November 1974
R. Kent Anderson
Report on rural collection and disposal
system.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
DEMONSTRATION OF IMPROVED LOCAL-REGIONAL SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Demonstration Grant
$455,457 (total) $250,000 (OSWMP)
Warren County, Pennsylvania
December 1974
R. Kent Anderson
None
Title;
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
MERCED COUNTY ASSOCIATION OF GOVERNMENTS SOLID
WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Demonstration Grant
$260,615 (total) $150,000 (OSWMP)
Merced County, California
June 1975
R. Kent Anderson
Report on implementation of county
disposal system.
12
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Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
TECHNIQUES FOR ASSESSING LAND DISPOSAL SITE
GAS HAZARDS AND INSITUTING CONTROL SYSTEMS
Demonstration Grant
$216,337 (Jbotal) $138,078 (OSWMP)
City of Winston-Salem, North Carolina
December 1974
Truett DeGeare
Report on system design, construction,
and evaluation.
Title: SONOMA COUNTY SOLID WASTE STABILIZATION STUDY
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$344,271 (total) $185,659 (OSWMP)
Sonoma County, California
October 1974
Truett DeGeare
Report on leachate stabilization via
recirculation.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
EFFECTIVE USE OF HIGH WATER TABLE AREAS FOR
SANITARY LANDFILL
Demonstration Grant
$1,129,189 (total) $500,000 (OSWMP)
Orange County, Florida
September 1974
Truett DeGeare
Report on construction techniques and
leachate movement.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ATLANTA SHREDDING, BALING AND RAIL HAUL SOLID
WASTE DISPOSAL SYSTEM
Demonstration Grant
$2,534,099 (total) $450,000 (OSWMP)
City of Atlanta, Georgia
March 1975
R. Kent Anderson
None
13
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Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
IMPLEMENTATION OF ALLEGHENY COUNTY SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT PLAN
Demonstration Grant
$207,900 (total) $147,000 (OSWMP)
Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
December 1974
Bernard J. Stoll
None
Title: REFUSE BALING AND BALE DISPOSAL
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$778,264 (total) $487,979 (OSWMP)
City of San Diego, California
June 1975
Steven J. Hitte
Report describing and evaluating system
to shred, bale, and landfill solid wastes,
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CITY OF CLEVELAND'S NEW
SOLID WASTE COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL SYSTEM
Demonstration Grant
$987,964 (total) $138,000 (OSWMP)
City of Cleveland, Ohio
January 1975
Bernard J. Stoll
Report on institutional and operational
problems encountered in revising collection
system.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
^^TATION OF A MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM
Demonstration Grant
$250,000 (total) $166,600 (OSWMP)
Government of the District of Columbia
August 1974
Allen J. Geswein
Report describing program implementation.
14
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Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
APPLICATION OF HEURISTIC TECHNIQUES TO THE
OPTIMIZATION OF REFUSE COLLECTION ROUTING AND
INTEGRATION OF SEPARATED REFUSE COLLECTION
INTO THE SYSTEM
Demonstration Grant
$89,087 (total) $63/474 (OSWMP)
Township of Cherry Hill, New Jersey
May 1975
Allen J. Geswein
Report describing project.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
REFUSE COLLECTION REROUTING STUDY
Demonstration Grant
$72,720 (total) $54,540 (OSWMP)
City of Toledo, Ohio
September 1974
Allen J. Geswein
Report describing rerouting procedures.
15
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Hazardous Wastes
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE
PRACTICES—INORGANIC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY
Contractor Study
$170,000
Versar, Inc.
March 1975
Timothy Fields
Final report which contains data describing
the industry and its wastes, current
hazardous waste management practices, and
estimated costs of hazardous waste treatment
disposal.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE
PRACTICES—STORAGE AND PRIMARY BATTERY INDUSTRY
Contractor Study
$97,319
Versar, Inc.
January 1975
Timothy Fields
Final report which contains data describing
the industry and its wastes, current
hazardous waste management practices, and
estimated costs of hazardous waste treatment
and disposal.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
A STUDY OF PESTICIDE DISPOSAL IN
A SEWAGE SLUDGE INCINERATOR
Contractor Study
$95,163 (total) $45,391 (OSWMP)
Versar, Inc.
March 1975
Arch Scurlock? Fred Lindsey
Report documenting demonstration test
destruction of DDT and 2,4,5-T pesticides
in an operating multiple hearth sewage
sludge incinerator.
16
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Title: OBSTRUCTING CHEMICAL WASTES IN COMMERCIAL
SCALE INCINERATORS, PHASE I
Type: Contractor Study
Amount: $183/651
Contractor: TRW, Inc. Systems Group
Date Completed: June 1975
Project Officer: Fred Lindsey
Major Outputs: Two volume report surveying full-scale
incineration facilities for hazardous
wastes, setting up an incineration
prioritization formula for hazardous
wastes, and formulating a detailed test
burn demonstration program plan.
17
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CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
Energy Recovery
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
STUDY OF THE FEASIBILITY OF REQUIRING SECONDARY
MATERIALS IN FEDERAL CONSTRUCTION
Contractor Study
$54,000
Resource Planning Associates, Inc.
January 1975
David B. Sussman
Published report describing Federal
construction programs and their ability
to absorb the recycled material recovered
from the waste stream.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs;
SAN DIEGO DEMONSTRATES PYROLYSIS OF SOLID WASTE
Report
N/A
None
June 1975
Steven J. Levy
Publication describing the EPA demonstration
grant in San Diego, California.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
NATIONWIDE SURVEY OF RESOURCE RECOVERY ACTIVITIES
Report
N/A
None
March 1975
Richard Hopper
A summary of communities and states
pursuing resource recovery.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
BALTIMORE DEMONSTRATES GAS PYROLYSIS
Report
None
February 1975
David B. Sussman
A brochure describing the EPA demonstration
project in Baltimore.
18
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Materials Recovery
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
RECOVERING RESOURCES PROM SOLID WASTE
USING WET PROCESSING
Report
N/A
None
December 1974
Yvonne Garbe
Summary report for wide distribution
discussing the EPA demonstration of wet
pulping for recovery in Franklin, Ohio.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ANALYSIS OP THE RECYCLING TAX CREDITS
Issue Paper
N/A
None
April 1975
Steve Lingle
An issue paper analyzing the provisions
of a recycling tax credit being proposed
by Congress. The paper was distributed
to Congressional staff and other Federal
agencies.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
EPA COMMENTS ON FTC's PROPOSED LABELING
GUIDES FOR RECYCLED PRODUCTS
Issue Paper
N/A
None
May 1975
Robert Randol
A written analysis and recommendation from
EPA to the FTC concerning their proposed
labeling guides for recycled materials.
19
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Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ANALYSIS OF LOAN GUARANTEES FOR RESOURCE
RECOVERY PLANTS
Issue Paper
N/A
None
January 1975
Steve Lingle; Robert Randol
An issue paper analyzing and stating EPA's
position on a provision of a draft
congressional bill calling for Federal
guarantees of loans for resource recovery
plants. Paper was sent to the appropriate
congressional committee.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor!
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
PUBLICATIONS ON PAPER RECYCLING
• Separating Paper at the Source
for Recycling (EPA Publication)
• Paper Recyling in 1973: A Dramatic
Year in Perspective (Journal)
• Paper Recyling in the United States
(Journal)
Reports
N/A
None
October 1974 - March 1975
Steve Lingle
Publications on the recovery and marketing
of paper from municipal solid waste for
wide distribution to municipal officials.
Title: PUBLICATIONS ON SOLID WASTE GENERATION
• Comparative Estimates of Post-Consumer
Solid Waste
• A Solid Waste Estimation Procedure: A
Material Flows Approach
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Reports
N/A
None
May 1975
Fred Smith; Frank Smith
Publications presenting estimates of solid
waste generation and comparing those
estimates with other published estimates.
20
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Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF PRODUCTION OF VIRGIN
AND SECONDARY PAPER, GLASS, AND RUBBER PRODUCTS
Contractor Study
$60,000
Gordian Associates
July 1975
Fred Smith
A report describing the environmental impacts
of production of glass, paper, and rubber
from virgin and recycled raw materials. Report
is for use in-house.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF VIRGIN AND
RECYCLED STEEL AND ALUMINUM
Contractor Study
$90,000
Calspan
July 1974
Frank Smith
A report describing the environmental
impacts of production of steel and
aluminum products from virgin and
recycled raw materials. Report data
is primarily for use in-house in
decision-making.
Title!
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
A TECHNICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION
OF THE "WET PROCESSING SYSTEM FOR THE RECOVERY AND
DISPOSAL OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE."
Contractor Study
$50,000
Systems Technology Corporation
June 1975
Yvonne Garbe
A report with detailed evaluation data
describing the operation and economics
of the Franklin, Ohio demonstration
project.
21
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Title;
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Date Completed:
Project Officer)
Major Outputs;
DEMONSTRATION OF THE RECOVERY OF RESIDUES FROM
INCINERATOR RESIDUE IN LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS
Demonstration Grant
$3.2 million (total) $2.4 million (OSWMP)
Lowell, Massachusetts
June 1975
Yvonne Garbe
The grantee withdrew from the grant at
the end of the first phase (design) due
to problems with the city's incinerator.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
RECOMMENDATION TO THE IRS ON ALLOWING USE OF
POLLUTION CONTROL REVENUE BONDS TO FINANCE
RESOURCE RECOVERY PLANTS
Report
N/A
None
March—June 1975
Robert Randol
A series of meetings and discussions
with IRS officials and interest groups
within the municipal sector to influence
the IRS ruling on the use of PCRB's for
recovery plant financing.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs;
ANALYSIS OF SOURCE SEPARATE COLLECTION OF
RECYCLABLE SOLID WASTE
Contractor Study
$70,000
SCS Engineers
August 1974
Penny Hansen
A summary report of the technical and
economic feasibility of source separation
and collection. A report of case studies.
22
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Waste Reduction
Title:
Type;
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
WASTE REDUCTION CONFERENCE
Conference
$50,000
None
April 3, 1975
Eileen Claussen
A conference was held to discuss the
views of government, labor industry,
and consumer groups concerning methods
and policies to reduce solid waste
generation at the source. Conference
proceedings are being prepared and will
be published in FY 76.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
A STUDY OF THE FEASIBILITY OF THE FEDERAL
GOVERNMENT TO USE RETREADED TIRES
Contractor Study
$55,000
Smithers Scientific Services, Inc.
April 1975
Chuck Peterson
Final report that will be used in
discussion with GSA and their use of
retreaded passenger tires.
Title: BASELINE RESOURCE RECOVERY FORECASTS 1972 TO 1990
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Contractor Study
$64,000
.Midwest Research Institute
March 1975
Michael Loube
Report projecting levels of solid waste
generation and resource recovery through 1990.
23
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Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
RESOURCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROFILE ANALYSIS OF
NINE BEVERAGE CONTAINER ALTERNATIVES
Contractor Study
$50,000
Midwest Research Institute
December 1974
Eileen Claussen
Report summarizing the environmental and
resource consumption of impacts of nine
beverage container systems for soft drink
and malt beverages.
Title: TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC STUDY OF WASTE OIL RECOVERY
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Date Completed:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Contractor Study
$75,000
Teknekron, Inc.
September 1974
Larry McEwen
Report on the re-refining industry including
an economic and marketing analysis of that
industry and barriers to its expansion.
Study also identifies Federal involvement in
waste oil recovery and the relationship between
the economics of virgin lub oil production
and waste oil re-refining.
IMPLEMENTATION AND ENFORCEMENT OF FEDERAL
CONSUMER PRODUCT REGULATORY PROGRAMS
Contractor Study
$50,000
Resource Planning Associates
March 1975
Michael Loube
Report evaluating several Federal product
regulation programs. Report will be used
for analysis of suggested Federal programs
to regulate products in order to reduce
solid waste generation.
24
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Ill B. PROJECTS IN PROCESS
25
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SAFE AND ACCEPTABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT
Municipal Solid Waste and Sludges
Title: ASSISTANCE DELIVERY PROGRAM FOR CITIES
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$300,086 (total) $284,851 (OSWMP)
The National League of Cities and
United States Conference of Mayors
October 4, 1975
Nancy Dunne
8 Seminars
5 Conferences
4 Articles for Nations Cities
1 Project Report
4 Publications
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ASSISTANCE DELIVERY PROGRAM FOR COUNTIES
Demonstration Grant
$128,346 (total) $114,846 (OSWMP)
The National Association of Counties
December 12, 1975
Nancy Dunne
4 National Meetings
4 Workshops
5 Information packages and distribution
6 Case Studies
1 Project Report
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
BREVARD COUNTY SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SYSTEM
Demonstration Grant
$2,425,535 (total) $110,200 (OSWMP)
Utilities Division, Brevard County, Florida
June 30, 1976
Donna Krabbe
1. Report on the success of a landfill:
(a) with liner and leachate
collection system
(b) with shredding
(c) of shredded waste not
covered.
2. A billing system for county
collection services.
-------
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
EVALUATION OF AN INJURY REPORTING AND ANALYSIS
SYSTEM FOR THE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INDUSTRY
Contractor Study
$105,250
Safety Sciences, Division of WSA Inc.
October 1975 but will be extended 10 months.
Sidney Wener
A two volume final report which describes
the development of the Injury Reporting
and Analysis System (IRIS) for the solid
waste management industry and reports the
results of the field test of the system in
15 solid waste agencies, a User's Manual
which describes the steps needed to
implement IRIS, and two brochures which
briefly describe IRIS.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
SOLID WASTE INFORMATION AND ASSISTANCE ANALYSIS
FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT CHIEF ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS
Demonstration Grant
$210,225 (total) $170,225 (OSWMP)
The International City Management Association
October 1975
Nancy Dunne
6 Issues of "Refuse Report"
2 Conferences
4 Seminars
12 Transfer team visits
12 Information packages
2 Sessions at ICMA Annual Conference
Title: OPERATION C.U.T.E.
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$198,154 (total) $107,769 (OSWMP)
Polk County, Texas
October 1975
R. Kent Anderson
Final Report.
27
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Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs;
MODEL CITY-URBAN RENEWAL SOLID WASTE LAND
RECLAMATION, EDUCATION AND TRAINING DEMONSTRATION PROJECT
Demonstration Grant
$1,457,300 (total) $971,534 (OSWMP)
Mid-America Regional Council
June 1977
Truett DeGeare
Report on design construction and operation
of model sanitary landfill.
Title: DEMONSTRATION OF EIDAL SW1150 SHREDDER
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$317,200 (total) $161,466 (OSWMP)
Onondaga County, New York
August 1975
Steven J. Hitte
Evaluation report on economics and
performance characteristics of shredder.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A FULL SCALE SOLID
WASTE BALER AND ASSOCIATED SANITARY LANDFILL
Contractor Study
$88,665
Ralph Stone and Company
August 1975
Steven J. Hitte
Report on performance of baler and
balefill.
Title: MADISON, WISCONSIN CONTINUED LYSIMETER MONITORING
Type:
Amount.:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Contractor Study
$71,680
University of Wisconsin
June 1976
Truett DeGeare
Report on Leachate Generation.
28
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Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
DEMONSTRATION OF A SOLID WASTE RAIL HAUL
SYSTEM FOR THE CITY OF PHILADELPHIA
Demonstration Grant
$16,566,489 (total) $593,744 (OSWMP)
City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
August 1977
R. Kent Anderson
Report on implementation and operation
of rail haul system.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
UPDATING AND EXPANSION OF MUNICIPAL-SCALE
INCINERATOR DESIGN AND OPERATION REPORT
Contractor Study
$58,487
RECON Systems, Inc.
October 1975
Steven J. Hitte
Revised Report
CLARK COUNTY SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROJECT
Demonstration Grant
$126,842 (total) $93,434 (OSWMP)
Clark County, Arkansas
July 1975
R. Kent Anderson
Report on rural collection and
disposal system.
FOREST COUNTY SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Demonstration Grant
$188,910 (total) $55,122 (OSWMP)
Forest County, Pennsylvania
October 1975
R. Kent Anderson
Report on rural collection system.
29
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Title: CATTARAUGUS COUNTY REFUSE DISPOSAL SYSTEM
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$259,324 (total) $194,493 (OSWMP)
Cattaraugus County, New York
October 1975
R. Kent Anderson
Report on county disposal system.
Title: NEWTQN-WALTHAM SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL DISTRICT
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$150,000 (total) $112,500 (OSWMP)
City of Newton, Massachusetts
September 1975
Bernard J. Stoll
Report on cooperative effort of two
cities to provide transfer and disposal
system.
30
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Hazardous Wastes
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE PRACTICES
—ORGANIC CHEMICALS, PESTICIDES, AND EXPLOSIVES
INDUSTRIES
Contractor Study
$229,863
TRW Systems Group, TRW, Inc.
September 1975
Timothy Fields
Final report which contains data
describing the industry and its wastes,
current hazardous waste management
practices, and estimated costs of
hazardous waste treatment and disposal.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE PRACTICES
—PETROLEUM REFINING INDUSTRY
Contractor Study
$192,019
Jacobs Engineering Company
August 1975
Matthew Straus
Final report which contains data
describing the industry and its wastes,
current hazardous waste management
practices, and estimated costs of
hazardous waste treatment and disposal.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE PRACTICES
—PAINT AND ALLIED PRODUCTS INDUSTRY
Contractor Study
$124,810
Wapora, Inc.
August 1975
Matthew Straus
Final report which contains data
describing the industry and its wastes,
current hazardous waste management
practices, and estimated costs of hazardous
waste treatment and disposal.
31
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Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE PRACTICES
—ELECTROPLATING AND METAL FINISHING INDUSTRIES
Contractor Study
$203,474
Battelle Columbus Laboratories
September 1975
Matthew Straus
Final report which contains data
describing the industry and its wastes,
current hazardous waste management
practices, and estimated costs of
hazardous waste treatment and disposal.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE PRACTICES
—METALS MINING INDUSTRY
Contractor Study
$137,037
Midwest Research Institute
September 1975
Allen Pearce
Final report which contains data
describing the industry and its wastes,
current hazardous waste management
practices, and estimated costs of
hazardous waste treatment and disposal.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE PRACTICES
—PRIMARY METALS INDUSTRY
Contractor Study
$271,074
Calspan Corporation
October 1975
Allen Pearce
Final report which contains data
describing the industry and its wastes,
current hazardous waste management
practices, and estimated costs of
hazardous waste treatment and disposal.
32
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Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE PRACTICES
—PHARMACEUTICALS INDUSTRY
Contractor Study
$158,000
Arthur D. Little, Inc.
July 1975
Allen Pearce
Final report which contains data
describing the industry and its wastes,
current hazardous waste management
practices, and estimated costs of
hazardous waste treatment and disposal.
OBSTRUCTING CHEMICAL WASTES IN COMMERCIAL
SCALE INCINERATORS, PHASE II
Contractor Study
$1,472,105
TRW, inc., Systems Group
January 1977
John Schaum
Series of reports documenting demonstration
test burns of high priority wastes in
full-scale incinerators of different designs.
33
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Energy Recovery
CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
BALTIMORE, MARYLAND DEMONSTRATION PROJECT
"PYROLYSIS FOR STEAM GENERATION"
Demonstration Grant
$6,000,000
City of Baltimore, Maryland
1977
David B. Sussman
The demonstration of a new technology
for energy recovery from and disposal
of municipal solid waste.
Title: RESOURCE RECOVERY—REFUSE DERIVED FUEL
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$1,440,000
District of Columbia
July 1979
Robert Holloway
Operation and evaluation of a 200 ton
per day energy recovery system; publication
of summary, interim progress and evaluation
reports, and final report.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
USE OF REFUSE AS A SUPPLEMENTARY FUEL IN
POWER PLANT BOILERS
Demonstration Grant
$3,600,000
City of St. Louis, Missouri
March 1976
Robert Holloway
Operation and evaluation of a 300 ton per
day energy recovery system; publication of
summary, interim progress and evaluation
reports, and a final report.
34
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Title:
SAN DIEGO COUNTY SOLID WASTE RESOURCE RECOVERY PROJECT
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$3,562,710
San Diego County
September 1977
Steven J. Levy
Demonstration of prototype plant to
convert solid waste to oil. Evaluation
of technical/ economic, and environmental
performance.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
STUDY OF THE FEASIBILITY OF FEDERAL PROCUREMENT
OF FUELS PRODUCED FROM SOLID WASTES
Contractor Study
$45,000
Arthur D. Little, Inc.
August 1975
David B. Sussman
Published report listing an inventory
of all federally owned boilers and the
feasibility and cost of converting the
suitable boilers to a solid waste derived
fuel.
Title: DELAWARE RECLAMATION PROJECT
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$9,000,000
State of Delaware
July 1981
Robert Holloway
Operation and evaluation of a 500 ton per
day energy and materials recovery system,
publication of summary, interim progress
and evaluation reports, and a final report.
35
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Materials Recovery
Title: ANALYSIS OP DEMAND AND SUPPLY FOR SECONDARY
FIBER IN THE UNITED STATES PAPER AND BOARD INDUSTRY
Type: Contractor Study
Amount: $185,000
Contractor: A. D. Little
Anticipated
Completion: October 1975
Project Officer: Fred Smith
Major Outputs: A report describing the technology and
economics of secondary fiber use as well
as a characterization of the industry,
and predictions of availability of virgin
and secondary resources.
36
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Waste Reduction
Title: THIRD ANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS ON RESOURCE
RECOVERY AND WASTE REDUCTION
Type:
Amount:
Contractor;
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Report
N/A
None
August 1975
J. Nicholas number
A report to Congress discussing
nation-wide status of resource recovery
and waste reduction activities.
Title: ESTIMATION OF CONSUMER DEMAND ELASTICITIES
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Contractor Study
$60,000
Ernst & Ernst
October 1975
Michael Loube
Report estimating the demand elasticity
to various consumer products that are
found in the municipal solid waste stream.
This report will be helpful in evaluation
of taxes and other fiscal incentives to
reduce waste generation.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
AN ANALYSIS OP THE MATERIALS AND NATURAL RESOURCE
REQUIREMENTS AND RESIDUAL GENERATION OF PERSONAL
CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE ITEMS
Contractor Study
$125,000
Research Triangle Institute
September 1975
Michael Loube
Report summarizing the materials and resource
requirements and waste generation impacts of
a number of products found in municipal solid waste.
37
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Ill C. NEW STARTS
38
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SAFE AND ACCEPTABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT
Municipal Solid Waste and Sludges
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Title;
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
COLLECTION MANAGEMENT TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
—EAST-WEST GATEWAY REGIONAL AREA
Contractor Study
$25,000
Resource Planning Associates, Inc.
October 1975
Donna Krabbe
1. Collection assistance to local
communities.
2. Report on this assistance and
assessment of our collection
management tools.
COLLECTION MANAGEMENT TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
—PIEDMONT TRIAD REGION, NORTH CAROLINA
Contractor Study
$30,000
Resource Planning Associates, Inc.
October 1975
Donna Krabbe
1. Collection assistance to local
communities.
2. Report on this assistance and
assessment of our collection
management tools.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
COST ESTIMATING HANDBOOK FOR SOLID
WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Contractor Study
$82,421
Booz, Allen & Hamilton, Inc.
February 1976
Cynthia McLaren .
Draft report - compilation of existing
EPA data on solid waste management costs.
Final report - Cost Estimating Handbook
for Processing and Disposal Facilities.
39
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Title: MONITORING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES FOR CONTROL
OF LAND DISPOSAL OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE
Type: Contractor Study
Amount: $115,000
Contractor: Wehran Engineering
Anticipated
Completion: March 1976
Project Officer: Burnell Vincent
Major Outputs: Manual on Leachate Section.
Title: RESOURCE ALLOCATION MODEL USER'S MANUAL
Type: Contractor Study
Amount: $80,000
Contractor: Mitre Corporation
Anticipated
Completion: October 1975
Project Officer: Donna Krabbe
Major Outputs: 1. A planning model for processing
and disposal networks.
2. Documentation of the planning model.
40
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Title:
EVALUATION OF LIQUID SLUDGE UTILIZATION ON SOD
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$44,417 (total) $20,000 (OSWMP)
Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission
June 1976
Chris W. Rhyne
A report identifying the problems of
using liquid sludge in seedling establish-
ment of turfgrass and the feasibility of
replacing commercial fertilizer with liquid
sludge in the production of sod.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
THE DENTON LANDTILL PROJECT
Demonstration Grant
$163,670 (total) $150,000 (OSWMP)
Institute for Storm Water Research
June 1978
R. Kent Anderson
A report describing the technical
feasibility of incorporating shredded
solid waste and digested sewage sludge
into the soil for the purpose of
utilizing the nutrient and organic
content of the wastes being disposed.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
FEASIBILITY OF COMPOSTING RAW SEWAGE SLUDGE
BY HIGH RATE SUCTION AERATION
Demonstration Grant
$35,268 (total) $20,000 (OSWMP)
City of Bangor, Maine
June 1976
Larry A. Prior
A report identifying the various
institutional and operation problems
encountered in composting raw sewage
sludge under the harsh climatic conditions
typically experienced by northern
communities similar to Bangor, Maine. In
addition, a detailed evaluation of costs
and potential uses of the composted sludge
will be incorporated.
41
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Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
AN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER
TREATMENT SLUDGE UTILIZATION PRACTICES
Contractor Study
$197,167
SCS Engineers, Inc.
December 1976
Larry A. Prior
A report quantifying the degree of
environmental damage that has resulted
from the application of various types
of sewage sludges to land. Included
in the report will be an assessment of
ground and surface water contamination,
soils accumulation and plant uptake of
heavy metals, public attitude, operations
and control technology, and the relative
costs of landspreading sewage sludge on a
comparative basis. This document will
serve as background information in the
development of sludge utilization and
disposal guidelines.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
SEWAGE TREATMENT SOLIDS DISPOSAL BY SUBSURFACE
LAND APPLICATION
Contractor Study
$99,645
SCS Engineers, Inc.
November 1975
Dale C. Mosher
A report identifying the environmental
impact of current and past practices of
subsurface land disposal. Included in
the report will be a detailed assessment
of current pollution control technology
and their associated cost. This document
will serve as a background information in
the development of sludge utilization and
disposal guidelines.
42
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Title: LEACHATE TREATMENT BY ANAEROBIC FILTER
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$250,000 (total) $200,000 (OSWMP)
Town of Enfield, Connecticut
April 1978
Alessi D. Otte
Report on technical and economic
feasibility of system. Will include
system design, construction and
evaluation.
Title!
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL AND RESOURCE RECOVERY FACILITY
WITH LEACHATE COLLECTION/TREATMENT SYSTEM
Demonstration Grant
$2,429,001 (total) $1,018,504 (OSWMP)
Lycoming County, Pennsylvania
May 1977
Alessi D. Otte
Report on site evaluation, design,
construction procedures, and costs
for liner and collection system.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
THE EFFECTS OF LEACHATE ON THE SURFACE AND GROUND
WATER QUALITY AT THE ORANGE COUNTY, FLORIDA LANDFILL
Contractor Study
$68,633
Orange County Pollution Control Department
November 1977
Stephen C. James
Report on leachate movement.
Title;
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
THE SELECTION AND MONITORING OF LAND DISPOSAL
CASE STUDY SITES
Contractor Study
$101,712
SCS Engineers, Inc.
February 1976
Stephen C. James
Report assessing leachate generation and
movement at selected disposal sites.
43
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Title:
REPORT TO CONGRESS ON WASTE DISPOSAL
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Contractor Study
$300,000 (Water Supply Division funds)
Geraghty and Miller, Inc.
October 1975
Stephen C. James
Report on impact of waste disposal
on water quality.
Title: SHORELINE PARK GAS RECOVERY PROGRAM
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$597,000 (total) $260,000 (OSWMP)
City of Mountain View, California
May 1977
Chris W. Rhyne
Report on technical and economic feasibility
of recovering and marketing gas from land
disposal site.
Title: SONOMA COUNTY SOLID WASTE STABILIZATION STUDY
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Contractor Study
$25,000
EMCON, Associates
February 1976
Chris W. Rhyne
Report on leachate stabilization via
recirculation.
Title: DEMONSTRATION OF A LEACHATE TREATMENT PLANT
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$230,097 (total) $215,097 (OSWMP)
Applied Technology Associates
June 1977
Bernard J. Stoll
Report on design, economics and operation
of treatment plant.
44
-------
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
SMALL INCINERATOR EVALUATION
Contractor Study
$39,384
Ross Hoffman Associates
December 1975
Steven J. Hitte
Report on performance of small
incinerators.
Title;
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
INVESTIGATION AND EVALUATION OF EFFECTS OF SOLID
WASTE DISPOSAL ON GROUND AND SURFACE WATER RESOURCES
Contractor Study
$185,644
A. W. Martin Associates, Inc.
November 1975
Dale C. Mosher
Report on effects of leachate on
water quality.
45
-------
Hazardous Wastes
Title;
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE PRACTICES
—TEXTILES INDUSTRY
Contractor Study
$154,241
Versar, Inc.
March 1976
Matthew Straus
Final report which contains data
describing the industry and its wastes,
current hazardous waste management
practices, and estimated costs of
hazardous waste treatment and disposal.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE PRACTICES
—RUBBER AND PLASTICS INDUSTRY
Contractor Study
$155,801
Foster D. Snell, inc.
April 1976
Matthew Straus
Final report which contains data
describing the industry and its wastes,
current hazardous waste management
practices, and estimated costs of
hazardous waste treatment and disposal.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE PRACTICES
—SPECIAL MACHINERY. INDUSTRY
Contractor Study
$208,912
Wapora, Inc.
April 1976
Allen Pearce
Final report which contains data
describing the industry and its wastes,
current hazardous waste management
practices, and estimated costs of
hazardous waste treatment and disposal.
46
-------
Title: ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE PRACTICES
—LEATHER TANNING AND FINISHING INDUSTRY
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Contractor Study
$118,679
SCS Engineers, Inc.
May 1976
Allen Pearce
Final report which contains data
describing the industry and its wastes,
current hazardous waste management
practices, and estimated costs of
hazardous waste treatment and disposal.
Title: CHEMICAL WASTE LAND DISPOSAL FACILITY
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$5,410,065 (total) $3,720,050 (OSWMP)
Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
June 1980
Don Farb
Operating full-scale land disposal and
treatment facility for chemical wastes.
A series of reports will document and
evaluate the project.
Title: ENERGY CONVERSION POTENTIAL OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE STREAMS
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Contractor Study
$200,000
To be determined
September 1976
Alan S. Corson
This study will provide an estimate of
the energy recovery of industrial wastes,
the technical potential for waste utili-
zation as an energy source, alternate
strategies for implementation of
industrial waste-energy, and the necessary
economic tradeoffs.
47
-------
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
PESTICIDE DISPOSAL HANDBOOK
Contractor Study
$34,676
TRW, Inc., Systems Group
January 4, 1976
Harry W. Trask
The handbook will provide pesticide
applicators with information on the
use of common chemicals in the detoxi-
fication/chemical degradation of 20
widely used pesticides. An important
aspect will be the "DO NOT" section,
where users will be clearly warned of
the potential dangers involved in
certain pesticide treatment situtations.
Highly technical language will be avoided
in favor of common terms used by pesticide
applicators.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
STUDY OF SELECTED LANDFILLS DESIGNED AS
"PESTICIDE DISPOSAL SITES"
Contractor Study
$23,947
TRW, Inc., Systems Group
December 21, 1975
Harold R. Day
This study of the economic and institutional
aspects of establishing and operating
landfills primarily for pesticide/container
disposal will provide the basis for a
report for distribution to Regions, States,
and the public. The information will
provide guidance and direction for the
establishment of similar sites in those
areas where pesticide disposal regulations
compel the use of improved sites and
facilities.
48
-------
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
SURVEY OF METHODS USED TO CONTROL WASTES
CONTAINING HEXACHLOROBENZENE
Contractor Study (BOA Task Order)
$24,304
TRW, Inc., Systems Group
September 15, 1975
Thomas V. Leshendok
Final Report
Title j
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM FOR THE EXCHANGE AND
RECYCLING OF HAZARDOUS WASTES
Contractor Study
$94,130
Arthur D. Little, Inc.
July 1, 1976
Christopher H. Porter
1. A systematic, readily usable data
base and model structure to assess
potential uses of industrial wastes.
2. Analyze and draw inferences as to
the prefered institutional arrange-
ments through which an industrial
waste utilization clearinghouse can
be implemented in the United States.
THE POTENTIAL FOR CAPACITY CREATION BY THE
HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL INDUSTRY
Contractor Study
$46,587
Foster D. Snell, Inc.
March 1, 1976
Allen Kohan
Economic and financial profile of the
hazardous waste service industry. Plus,
estimate of the potential for creating
new capacity to meet requirements
projected as a result of regulations.
49
-------
Title: ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE
MANAGEMENT REGULATION ON THE INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC
CHEMICALS INDUSTRY (SIC 281) AND THE PETROLEUM
REFINING INDUSTRY (SIC 291)
Type: Contractor Study
Amount: $128,281
Contractor: Arthur D. Little, Inc.
Anticipated
Completion: May 1, 1976
Project Officer: Michael Shannon
Major Outputs: Information concerning the economic
burden of potential regulations on
prices, production, industry growth,
investment and employement levels,
small business, etc.
50
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CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
Energy Recovery
Title: ENERGY RECOVERY IMPLEMENTATION GRANT - DENVER
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$70,000
Denver Regional Council of Governments
June 1977
Richard Hopper
To support efforts such as the preparation
of a request for proposals, the negotiation
of a contract, and the issuing of bonds
necessary for the implementation of an
energy recovery system.
Title: ENERGY RECOVERY IMPLEMENTATION GRANT - RICHMOND, VIRGINIA
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$50,000
City of Richmond
June 1977
Richard Hopper
To support efforts such as the preparation
of a request for proposals, the negotiation
of a contract, and the issuing of bonds
necessary for the implementation of an
energy recovery system.
Title: ENERGY RECOVERY IMPLEMENTATION GRANT - LANE GOUTY, OREGO1
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration'Grant
$50,000
Lane County, Oregon
June 1977
Richard Hopper
To support efforts such as the preparation
of a request for proposals, the negotiation
of a contract, and the issuing of bonds
necessary for the implementation of an
energy recovery system.
51
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Title;
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ENERGY RECOVERY IMPLEMENTATION GRANT
- MONTGOMERY COUNTY, OHIO
Demonstration Grant
$70,000
Montgomery County, Ohio
June 1977
Richard Hopper
To support efforts such as the preparation
of a request for proposals, the negotiation
of a contract, and the issuing of bonds
necessary for the implementation o£ an
energy recovery system.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ENERGY RECOVERY IMPLEMENTATION GRANT
- STATE OF RHODE ISLAND
Demonstration Grant
$50,000
Rhode Island Solid Waste Management Corp.
January 1977
Denise F. Hawkins
To support efforts such as a feasibility
study, site selection, system design and
development, and issuance of an RFP for
construction, which are necessary for the
implementation of an energy recovery
facility.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ENERGY RECOVERY IMPLEMENTATION GRANT
- SHILLINGTON, PENNSYLVANIA
Demonstration Grant
$50,000
Western Berks Refuse Authority
July 1976
Denise F. Hawkins
To support efforts such as a preliminary
design, interlocal waste supply agreements,
market letters of intent, and specific
financing plans, which are necessary for
the implementation of an energy recovery
facility.
52
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Titlei
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ENERGY RECOVERY IMPLEMENTATION GRANT
- LEXINGTON, KENTUCKY
Demonstration Grant
$50,000
Lexington-rFayette Urban County/ Kentucky
July 1976
Denise F. Hawkins
To support efforts such as the issuance
of an RFP and bonds for construction,
negotiation of market contracts, preparation
of an environmental impact statement, and
completion of designs, which are necessary
for the implementation of an energy
recovery facility.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ENERGY RECOVERY IMPLEMENTATION GRANT
- MIDDLESEX COUNTY, NEW JERSEY
Demonstration Grant
$50,000
Middlesex County, New Jersey
January 1977
Denise F. Hawkins
To support efforts such as site acquisition,
negotiation of market contracts, development
of an implementation plan and the issuance
of an RFP, which are necessary for the
implementation of an energy recovery facility.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY REGIONAL RESOURCE
RECOVERY SYSTEM STUDY
Study
$100/000
Tennessee Valley Authority
February 1976
Harry Butler
Detailed feasibility study culminating
in decision on whether to implement 8000
tons per day regional resource recovery
system in TVA service area.
53
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Title:
CEMENT KILN FUEL DEMONSTRATION
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Grant
$350,000
Palmer Township, Pennsylvania
July 1977
Steven J. Levy
Demonstration of prototype plant to
produce pelletized fuel from solid waste
and evaluation of the use of the fuel
in a cement kiln.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
RESOURCE RECOVERY INDUSTRY CAPACITY STUDY
Contractor Study
$27,000
Mitre Corporation
August 1975
Richard Hopper
A report evaluating industry1s capacity
to respond to an increased demand for the
construction of resource recovery facilities
and a profile of the industry.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
THE TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF THE EPA
DEMONSTRATION PROJECT IN BALTIMORE
Contractor Study
$200,000
To be determined
Winter 1975
David B. Sussman
A published report describing in detail the
technical points and the economic viability
of the project in Baltimore.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
\Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ENERGY RECOVERY IMPLEMENTATION GRANT - NEW YORK, NEW YORK
Demonstration Grant
$50,000
New York, New York
July 1976
Denise F. Hawkins
To support the preliminary design of
a 1000 ton per day energy recovery
facility.
54
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Materials Recovery
Title:
Type*
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completiqn:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
AN ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PRODUCT CHARGES
AND SUBSIDIES IN STIMULATING WASTE REDUCTION AND
INCREASING RESOURCE RECOVERY
Contractor Study
$50,000
Research Triangle Institute
January 1976
Fred Smith
A report containing methodologies and
predictions for analysis and decision-making
concerning product charges and subsidies.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officers
Major Outputs:
DEMONSTRATION OF MULTI-MATERIAL SOURCE SEPARATION
IN AN URBAN AREA
Demonstration Grant
'$345,500 (total) $121,700 (OSWMP)
Somerville, Massachusetts
January 1978
Penny Hansen
Demonstration of home separation and
separate collection techniques for cans,
glass, and paper in a high density urban
area. Report describing results.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Grantee:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
DEMONSTRATION OF MULTI-MATERIAL SOURCE SEPARATION
Demonstration Grant
$248,404 (total) $94,736 (OSWMP)
Marblehead, Massachusetts
January 1978
Penny Hansen
Demonstration of home separation and
separate collection techniques for cans,
glass, and paper in a suburban community.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
ANALYSIS OF HIGH-GRADE OFFICE SEPARATION
Contractor Study
$33,000
SCS Engineers, Inc.
December 1975
Penny Hansen
A report recommending the type of office
paper separation technique which appears
to be optimum based on case studies.
55
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Title:
HOME PAPER RECOVERY: A MUNICIPAL IMPLEMENTATION GUIDE
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Report
N/A
None
October 1975
Penny Hansen
A publication for wide National distribution
describing the techniques and costs of
separating newspaper at the home and
separately collecting it for recycling.
Title: RESOURCE RECOVERY PLANT IMPLEMENTATION GUIDE:
A HANDBOOK FOR MUNICIPAL OFFICIALS
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
In-house
N/A
None
November 1975
Alan Shilepsky; Robert Randol
A series of eight individual reports
published for wide national distribution
which together comprise a comprehensive
guide to municipal officials in recovery
plant implementation. The seven sections
are: Planning and Overview; Technology;
Markets; Procurement; Contracts; Financing;
Accounting Framework; further Assistance.
Title
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
GUIDELINES FOR SOURCE SEPARATION OF MATERIALS
FOR RECYCLING
Guideline
N/A
None
January 1976
Penny Hansen
A mandatory requirement for Federal
Agencies to separate wastepaper for
recycling.
56
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Title: CLOSED CYCLE WASTE OIL RE-REFINING DEMONSTRATION
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Demonstration Project
$150,000
Not yet awarded
Fourth Quarter FY 77
Larry McEwen
Revision of minimum procurement
specifications for lube oil to include
re-refined lube oil quality at a Federal
facility. This demonstration will submit
a re-refined lube oil to test for military
specification quality and then examine
the performance of this lube oil under
field test conditions. Planning for
project started in FY 75, funding will
be initiated in FY 76.
PROCUREMENT OF PRODUCTS THAT CONTAIN RECYCLED
MATERIALS GUIDELINES
Guideline
N/A
None
September 1975
David B. Sussman
Recommend procedures for specification
drafters and procurement officials to
follow to stimulate the marketability
of recycled materials by creating a
demand.
Title: RESOURCE RECOVERY FACILITIES GUIDELINES
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Guideline
N/A
None
February 1976
Harry P. Butler
Mandatory requirement for all Federal
agencies that generate more than 100
tons of solid waste per day to establish
a resource recovery facility.
57
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Waste Reduction
Title: SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES FOR
BEVERAGE CONTAINERS
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Guideline
N/A
None
1. Proposed Guidelines in
Federal Register - September 1975
2. Completed Guidelines - Spring 1976
Harold Sarotur
Mandatory guidelines for Federal Agencies
published in Federal Register. These
guidelines are also recommended for State
and local jurisdiction.
Title: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF DISPOSABLES
VERSUS KEUSABLES
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Contractor Study
$100,000
Midwest Research Institute Subcontract
with Franklin Associates pending
February 1976
Harold Samtur
Report on study detailing the seven
categories of Environmental Impact and
Energy Consumption and Comparable,
Disposable, and Reusable Products.
Title:
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
RESOURCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS OF
ALTERNATIVE MILK CONTAINER SYSTEMS
Contractor Study
$40,000
Midwest Research Institute/Franklin Associates
December 1975
Michael Loube
Report documenting the comparative
environmental and resource consumption
impacts of nine milk containers.
58
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Title:
Type:
Amount!
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer;
Major Outputs:
RETURNABLE BEVERAGE CONTAINER LEGISLATION:
VERMONT EXPERIENCE
Report
N/A
None
September 1975
Michael Loube
Publication summarizing the first year's
experience with returnable beverage
container legislation in the State of
Vermont.
THE
Title:
WASTE REDUCTION FACT SHEETS
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Fact Sheet
N/A
None
(1} December 1974
(2) May 1975
Michael Loube
(1) Red Owl Food Stores Program Fact Sheet,
(2) Program on International Paper Company
and Wells Dairy Fact Sheet.
Title:
ANALYSIS OF RETURNABLE BEVERAGE CONTAINER LEGISLATION
Type:
Amount:
Contractor:
Anticipated
Completion:
Project Officer:
Major Outputs:
Report
N/A
None
September 1975
Michael Loube; John Skinner
Report summarizing the costs and benefits
of national legislation to establish a
returnable system for beverage container
for soft drinks and malt beverages.
59
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IV. PUBLISHED REPORTS
60
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OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS PUBLICATIONS
July 1, 1974—June 30, 1975
Safe and Acceptable Waste Management
ACT Systems, Inc. Residential collection systems, v.l. Report summary.
Environmental Protection Publication SW-97c.l. [Washington], U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 106 p.
ACT Systems, Inc. Residential collection systems, v.2. Detailed study
and analysis. Environmental Protection Publication SW-97c.2. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 254 p. (Distributed by
National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Va., as
PB-239 917.)
Allison, G., S. Mooser, and P. Taylor. Ma alia de la lata de basura.
Spanish version of "Beyond the trashcan." Environmental Protection
Publication SW-7tg. [Washington], U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, 1974. 23 p.
Applied Management Sciences, Inc. Baltimore's municipal solid waste
management system; a case study. Environmental Protection Publication
SW-49c. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1973. 110 p.
(Distributed by National Technical Information Service, Springfield,
Va., as PB-228 161.) [Released in 1974.]
Applied Management Sciences, Inc. Columbus' municipal solid waste
management system; a case study. Environmental Protection Publication
SW-82c. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 156 p.
(Distributed by National Technical Information Service, Springfield,
Va., as PB-236 659.)
Applied Management Sciences, Inc. Detroit's municipal solid waste
management system; a case study. Environmental Protection
Publication SW-81c. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1973.
94 p. (Distributed by National Technical Information Service,
Springfield, Va., as PB-236 662.) [Released in 1974.]
Applied Management Sciences, Inc. San Jose's municipal solid waste
system: a case study. Environmental Protection Publication SW-
78c. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1973. 144 p. (Distributed
by National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Va., as
PB-240 395.) [Released in 1974.]
Arthur D. Little, Inc. Alternatives to the management of hazardous
wastes at national disposal sites, v.2. Appendices. Environmental
Protection Publication SW-46c.l. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, 1973. 235 p. (Distributed by National Technical Information
Service, Springfield, Va., as PB-237 264.) [Released in 1974.]
61
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Bartle Wells Associates and Garretson, Elmendorf, Zinov, and Reibin
[Humboldt County, California]. Rural storage and collection container
systems. Environmental Protection Publication SW-81d. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1975. [123 p.] (Distributed by National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, Va., as PB-240 365.)
Cimino, J. A. Health and safety in the solid waste industry. American
Journal of Public Health, 65(1);38-46, Jan. 1975.
City of Winston-Salem, North Carolina, and Enviro Engineers, Inc. An
evaluation of landfill gas migration and a prototype gas migration
barrier. Environmental Protection Publication SW-79d. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1975. 154 p. (Distributed by National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, Va., as PB-239 357.)
Colonna, R. A. EPA publishes decision-makers guide for sanitation
officials. Solid Wastes Management, 17(7)130.34,37, July 1974.
Colonna, R. A., and C. McLaren, comps. Decision-makers guide in solid
waste management. Environmental Protection Publication SW-127.
Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1974. 157 p.
Connolly, J. A., V. P. Fuschini, and S. S. Radinsky, eomps. Users'
guide to the solid waste information retrieval system thesaurus.
Environmental Protection Publication SW-104.01. Washington, U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1974. 56 p.
Darnay, A. 'Environmental protection, residuals management, and resources—
the future is now. Presented at Annual Meeting of National Packaging
Association, Boca Raton, Fla., Mar. 12-16, 1974. [Washington],
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 23 p.
Darnay, A. Resource recovery and land protection; an environmental
Imperative. Presented at Spring Meeting, Paperboard Group, American
Paper Institute, Greenbrier, W.Va., May 21, 1974. New York, American
Paper Institute. 7 p.
Darnay, A. Solid Waste management and national priorities. Presented
at 3d National Congress on Waste Management Technology and Resource
Recovery, San Francisco, Nov. 14, 1974. [Washington, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1974.] 9 p.
Darnay, A. Statement of Arsen J. Darnay, Jr., Acting Deputy Assistant
Administrator for Solid Waste Management Programs, Environmental
Protection Agency, before the Subcommittee on Minerals, Materials
and Fuels, Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, United States
Senate, Washington, D.C., October 30, 1973. [Washington, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, 1974.] 10 p.
62
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Darnay, A. Waste management—private and public perspectives. Presented
at National Solid Waste Management Association's International
Waste Equipment and Technology Exposition, Houston, June 25, 1974.
[Washington], U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 15 p.
Da Vee, W., and M. G. Stragier [City of Tolleson, Arizona]. Mechanized,
non-stop residential solid waste collection. Environmental Protection
Publication SW-76d. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974.
48 p. (Distributed by National Technical Information Service,
Springfield, Va., as PB-239 196.)
EMCON Associates. Sonoma County solid waste stabilization study,
Environmental Protection Publication SW-65d.l. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1975. 283 p. (Distributed by National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, Va., as PB-239 778.)
Environmental Action Foundation. Portrait of the san-man. Environmental
Protection Publication SW-6tg.l. Washington, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1974. [16-min 16-mm motion picture, sound.]
EPA press briefing on solid waste management and energy, February 8,
1974. [Washington, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974.]
6 p., attachments, app.
Pinan, M. Habia xma vez un dragon malvado. Spanish version of
"Once there lived a wicked dragon." Environmental Protection
Publication SW-105s. [Washington], U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, 1975. 31 p.
Garland, G. A., and D. C. Mosher. Leachate effects of improper land
disposal. Waste Age, 6 (.3) *42/44-48, Mar. 1975.
Geswein, A. J. Liners for land disposal sites; an assessment. Environmental
Protection Publication SW-137. [Washington], U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1975. 66 p.
Gunnerson, C. G. Debris accumulation in ancient and modern cities.
Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division, Proceedings
of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 99(EE3?;229-243, June
1973.
Hayes, '-A* J. Hazardous waste management facilities in the United States.
Environmental Protection Publication SW-146. .[Washington], U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Dec. 1974. 39 p.
Hickman, H. L., Jr. The Federal solid waste management programme; a
review and prognosis. Presented at 76th Annual Conference of
Institute of Solid Wastes Management, Scarborough, England,
June 18-21, 1974. London, Institute of Solid Wastes Management, 1974.
14 p.
63
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Hinesly, T. D. Agricultural benefits and environmental changes resulting
from the use of digested sludge on field crops. Environmental
Protection Publication SW-30d.l. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, 1974. 375 p. (Distributed by National Technical Information
Service, Springfield, Va., as PB-236 402.)
Illinois report probes citizens' attitudes on refuse problems. Solid
Wastes Management, 17(2):19,51-53,66,70,72, Feb. 1974; 17(3):26,74,
84-85, Mar. 1974. Reprinted, [Washington], U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1974. 6 p.
Improving productivity in solid waste collection; a brief for elected
officials. Washington, National Commission on Productivity,
1974. 10 p.
Kiefer, I. Hospital wastes. Environmental Protection Publication SW-129.
Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1974. 36 p.
Lehman, J. P. Federal program for hazardous waste management. Waste Age,
5(6):6-7,66-68, Sept. 1974.
Levy, S. J. Pyrolysis of municipal solid waste. Waste Age, 5(7):17-20,
Oct. 1974.
Midwest Research Institute. Size-reduction equipment for municipal solid
waste, v.l. Procedures for evaluating and comparing equipment.
v.2. Inventory of equipment. Environmental Protection Publication
SW-53c. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1973. 126 p.
(Distributed by National Technical Information Service, Springfield,
Va., as PB-226 551.) [Released in 1974.]
National Association of Counties. Basic issues on solid waste management
affecting county government. [Washington], U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, May 1973. 40 p.
National Association of Counties Research Foundation. Suggested solid
waste management ordinance for local government. Environmental
Protection Publication SW-73d. [Washington], U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1974. 23 p.
Office of Solid Waste Management Programs. Available information materials;
solid waste management. Environmental Protection Publication SW-58.22.
[Washington], U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Dec. 1974. 30 p.
Office of Solid Waste Management Programs. Available information materials;
solid waste management. Environmental Protection Publication SW-58.23.
[Washington], U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mar. 1975. 45 p.
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Office of Solid Waste Management Programs. Available information materials;
solid waste management. Environmental Protection Publication SW-58.24.
[Washington], U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, June 1975. 48 p.
Office of Solid Waste Management Programs. Mechanics of style; a guide
for Solid Waste Management authors, secretaries, grantees, and
contractors. Environmental Protection Publication SW-7.2. Washington,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 20 p.
Our effluent society; the States and solid waste management. Lexington,
Ky., The Council of State Governments, 1974. Reprinted, [Washington],
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 41 p.
Pesticides; EPA proposal on disposal and storage. Federal Register,
39(200):36847-36950, Oct. 15, 1974.
Porter, R. C., and Henningson, Durham and Richardson. The Des Moines
story; a report on the implementation of the solid waste management
plan for the Des Moines Metropolitan Area Solid Waste Agency.
Environmental Protection Publication SW-70d. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1974. 272 p. {Distributed by National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, Va., as PB-233 873.)
Report of the Solid Waste Management Advisory Group on opportunities
for improving productivity in solid waste collection—1973.
Washington, National Commission on Productivity, 1974- 46 p.
Rogers, H. W., and S. J. Hitte. Solid waste shredding and shredder
selection. Environmental Protection Publication SW-140.
[Washington], U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Nov. 1974.
87 p.
Ross Hofmann, Associates. A study of pneumatic solid waste collection
systems as employed in hospitals. Environmental Protection Publication
SW-75c U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 260 p., app.
(Distributed by National Technical Information Service, Springfield,
Va., as PB-236 543.)
Ruf, j. A. Refuse shredders at EPA's Gainesville, Florida, experimental
composting plant. Waste Age, 5(3):58,60-63,66, May/June 1974.
Scurlock, A. C., A. W. Lindsey, T. Fields, Jr., and D. R. Huber.
Incineration in hazardous waste management. Environmental
Protection Publication SW-141. [Washington], U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1975. 104 p.
Shuster, K. A. Eleven residential pickup systems compared for cost and
productivity. Solid Wastes Management^ 18(3)i6,42-44, Mar. 1975.
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Shuster, K. A. A five-stage improvement process for solid waste collection
systems. Environmental Protection Publication SW-131. Washington,
U.S. Government Printing Office, 1974. 38 p.
Shuster, K. A. Fuel conservation in solid waste management. Virginia
Town S City, 9(12):7-9, Dec. 1974.
Smith, F. A. Comparative estimates of post-consumer solid waste.
Environmental Protection Publication SW-148. [Washington], U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, May 1975. 18 p.
Smith, F. L., Jr. A solid waste estimation procedure; material flows
approach. Environmental Protection Publication SW-147. [Washington],
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, May 1975. 56 p.
The Solid Waste Disposal Act; Title II of Public Law 89-272, 89th
Congress, S.306-0ctober 20, 1976, as amended by The Resource
Recovery Act of 1970, Public Law 91-512-91st Congress, H.R. 11833-
October 26, 1970; by Public Law 93-14-93rd Congress, H.R. 5446-
April 9, 1973 (To extend the amended Solid Waste Disposal Act—
for one year); and by Public Law 93-611-93rd Congress, H.R. 16045-
January 2, 1975 (To amend the Solid Waste Disposal Act to authorize
appropriations for fiscal year 1975). Environmental Protection
Publication SW-1.3. [Washington], U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Solid Waste Management Programs, 1975. 14 p.
State solid waste management'agencies. [Washington], U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Oct. 1974. 6 p. [List.]
Steiner, R. L., and R. Kantz. Sanitary landfill; a bibliography.
Environmental Protection Publication SW-4rg.l. [Washington],
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 34 p.
Stone, R., comp. Disposal of sewage sludge into a sanitary landfill.
Environmental Protection Publication SW-71d. [Washington], U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 418 p.
Stragier, M. G. Mechanized residential solid waste collection.
Environmental Protection Publication SW-74d. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1974. 176 p. (Distributed by National
Technical Information Service, Springfield, Va., as PB-239 195.)
Stuart Finley, Inc. The big pickup. Environmental Protection Publication
SW-lOOc. Washington, U.S. Environmental Projection Agency, 1974.
[28-min 16-mm motion picture, sound, color.]
U.S. Congress, Senate, Committee on Public Works. A legislative
history of the Solid Waste Disposal Act, as amended, together with
a section-by-section index. Washington, U.S. Government Printing
Office, 1974. 503 p.
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Thermal processing and land
disposal of solid waste; guidelines. Federal Register, 39(158):
29327-29338, Aug. 14, 1974.
2d U.S. -Japan Conference on Solid Waste Management, Washington,
Sept. 24-25, 1974. [8 p.] [Program.]
User's manual for COLMIS; a collection management information system
for solid waste management, v.2. Environmental Protection
Publication SW-58c. Washington, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, 1974. 49 p., app.
VTN, Inc. Effective use of high water table areas for sanitary landfill ;
final report, v.l. Environmental Protection Publication SW-57d.l.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1973. 129 p. (Distributed
by National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Va. , as
PB-236 462.) [Released in 1974.]
VTN, inc. Effective use of high water table areas for^ sanitary landfill;
final report, v.2. Environmental Protection Publication SW-57d.l.
uT Environmental Protection Agency, 1973. 128 p (Distributed
by National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Va., as
PB-236 463.) [Released in 1974.]
Walker, W. H. Where have all the toxic chemicals gone? Ground Water,
11(2):11-20, Mar. -Apr. 1973. Reprinted, [Washington], U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 10 p.
and G. A. Garland. Dumps; a potential threat to our
. Nation's Cities, 12(10) : 21-22, 24- 25, 42,
Oct. 1974.
Weddle, B. R., and M. Madison. Problem-solving in solid waste management
trough federal-local cooperation; eight case studies. Environmental
Protection Publication SW-134. Washington, U.S. Government Printing
Office, 1974. 40 p.
Wolcott, R. M., and B. W. Vincent. The relationship of solid waste
storage practices in the inner city to the incidence of rat
infestation and fires. Environmental Protection Publication
SW-150. [Washington] , U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, May
1975. 14 p.
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Conservation of Natural Resources
Arella, D. G. Recovery resources from solid waste using wet-processing;
EPA's Franklin, Ohio, demonstration project. Environmental Protection
Publication SW-47d. Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office,
1974. 26 p.
Bingham, T. H., et al. [Research Triangle Institute]. An evaluation of
the effectiveness and costs of regulatory and fiscal policy instruments
on product packaging. Environmental Protection Publication SW-74c.
Washington, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 301 p.
Claussen, E. L. Packaging source reduction; can industry and government
cooperate? Environmental Protection Publication SW-136. [Washington],
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 17 p.
Colonna, R. A. EPA publishes decision-makers guide for sanitation
officials. Solid Wastes Management, 17(7);30,34,37, Ouly 1974.
Colonna, R. A., and C. McLaren, comps. Decision-makers guide in solid
waste management. Environmental Protection Publication SW-127.
Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1974. 157 p.
1975 Conference on Waste Reduction; presented by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. Washington, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency/ 1975. 4 p. [Flyer.]
1975 Conference on Waste Reduction; program. Washington, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, 1975. 4 p.
Connolly, J. A., V. P. Fuschini, and S. S. Radinsky, comps. Users'
guide to the solid waste information retrieval system thesaurus.
Environmental Protection Publication SW-104.01. Washington, U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1974. 56 p.
Cukor, P., M. J. Keaton, and G. Wilcox [Teknekron, Inc., and the Institute
of Public Administration]. A technical and economic study of waste
oil recovery, pt.l. Federal research on waste oil from automobiles.
Environmental Protection Publication SW-90c.l. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1974. 107 p. (Distributed by National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, Va., as PB-237 618.)
Cukor, P., M. J. Keaton, and G. Wilcox [Teknekron, Inc., and the Institute
of Public Administration]. A technical and economic study of waste
oil recovery, pt.2. An investigation of dispersed sources of used
crankcase oils. Environmental Protection Publication SW-90c.2.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 63 p. (Distributed by
National Technical Information Service, Springfield Va., as
PB-237 619.)
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Cukor, P., M. J. Keaton, and G. Wilcox [Teknekron, Inc., and the Institute
of Public Administration]. A technical and economic study of waste
oil recovery, pt.3. Economic, technical and institutional barriers
to waste oil recovery. Environmental Protection Publication
SW-90C.3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 143 p.
(Distributed by National Technical Information Service, Springfield,
Va., as PB-237 620.)
Darnay, A. Environmental protection, residuals management, and resources—
the future is now. Presented at Annual Meeting of National Packaging
Association, Boca Raton, Fla., Mar. 12-16, 1974. [Washington],
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 23 p.
Darnay, A. Resource recovery and land protection; an environmental
imperative. Presented at Spring Meeting, Paperboard Group, American
Paper Institute, Greenbrier, W.Va., May 21, 1974. New York, American
Paper Institute. 7 p.
Darnay, A. Solid Waste management and national priorities. Presented
at 3d National Congress on Waste Management Technology and Resource
Recovery, San Francisco, Nov. 14, 1974. [Washington, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1974.] 9 p.
Darnay, A. Statement of Arsen J. Darnay, Jr., Acting Deputy Assistant
Administrator for Solid Waste Management Programs, Environmental
Protection Agency, before the Subcommittee on Minerals, Materials
and Fuels, Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs> United States
Senate, Washington, D.C., October 30, 1973. [Washington, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, 1974.] 10 p.
Darnay, A. Waste management—private and public perspectives. Presented
at National Solid Waste Management Association's International
Waste Equipment and Technology Exposition, Houston, June 25, 1974.
[Washington], U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 15 p.
Environmental Action Coalition. The village green. Environmental
Protection Publication SW-8tg. Washington, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1974. [15-mm., 16-mm motion picture, sound,
color.j
EPA press briefing on solid waste management and energy, February 8,
1974. [Washington, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974.]
6 p., attachments, app.
Finan, M. Habia una vez un dragon malvado. Spanish version of
"Once there lived a wicked dragon." Environmental Protection
Publication SW- 105s. [Washington], U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, 1975. 31 p.
Gunnerson, C. G. Debris accumulation in ancient and modern cities.
Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division, Proceedings
of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 99(EE3):229-243, June
1973.
69
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Henriksen, P. One private plant treats oil, chemical residues in Denmark.
Solid Wastes Management, 17 (5);77-78,139, May 1974.
Hickman, H. L., Jr. The Federal solid waste management programme; a
review and prognosis. Presented at 76th Annual Conference of
Institute of Solid Wastes Management, Scarborough, England, June
18-21, 1974. London, Institute of Solid Wastes Management, 1974.
14 p.
Hopper, R. E. A nationwide survey of resource recovery activities.
Environmental Protection Publication SW-142. [Washington],
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Jan. 1975. 74 p.
Hunt, R. G., W. E. Franklin, R. 0. Welch* J. A. Cross, and A. E. Woodall.
Resource and environmental profile analysis of nine beverage container
alternatives; final report, v.1-2. Environmental Protection
Publication SW-91c, Washington, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, 1974. 178 p.
Kiefer, I. Incentives for tire recycling and reuse. Environmental
Protection Publication SW-32c.l. Washington, U.S. Government Printing
Office, 1974. 28 p.
Levy, S. J. Markets and technology for recovering energy from solid
waste. Environmental Protection Publication SW-130. Washington,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 31 p.
Levy, S. J. Pyrolysis of municipal solid waste. Waste Age, 5(7):17-20,
Oct. 1974.
Lingle, S. A. Paper recycling in the United States. Waste Age,
5(8):6-8,10, Nov. 1974.
Lingle, S. A. Recycled materials markets; February 1975—a summary.
Environmental Protection Publication SW-149. [Washington], U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Apr. 1975. 8 p.
Lingle, S. A. Separating paper at the waste source for recycling.
Environmental Protection Publication SW-128. Washington, U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1974. 16 p.
Lowe, R. A. Progress in resource recovery; or, technology isn't everything.
Presented at the Conference on Progress in Solid Waste Management,
Boston, June 5, 1974. [Washington], U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, 1974. 17 p.
Lowe, R. A., M. Loube, and F. A. Smith. Energy conservation through
improved solid waste management. Environmental Protection Publication
SW-125. Washington, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974.
39 p., app.
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National Association of Counties. Basic issues on solid waste management
affecting county government. [Washington], U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, May 1973. 40 p.
National Association of Counties Research Foundation. Suggested solid
waste management ordinance for local government. Environmental
Protection Publication SW-73d. [Washington], U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1974. 23 p.
Office of Solid Waste Management Programs. Available information materials;
solid waste management. Environmental Protection Publication SW-58.22.
[Washington], U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Dec. 1974. 30 p.
Office of Solid Waste Management Programs. Available information materials;
solid waste management. Environmental Protection Publication SW-58.23.
[Washington], U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mar. 1975. 45 p.
Office of Solid Waste Management Programs. Available information materials;
solid waste management. Environmental Protection Publication SW-58.24.
[Washington], U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, June 1975. 48 p.
Office of Solid Waste Management Programs. Mechanics of style; a guide
for Solid Waste Management authors, secretaries, grantees, and
contractors. Environmental Protection Publication SW-7.2. Washington,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 20 p.
Our effluent society; the States and solid waste management. Lexington,
Ky., The Council of State Governments, 1974. Reprinted, [Washington],
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 41 p.
Peterson, B. There's gold in your garbage. Scouting, 62(7);47-48,
84-86, Oct. 1974. Reprinted, [Washington]r U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1974. 4 p.
Resource Planning Associates. A study of Federal subsidies to stimulate
resource recovery. Environmental Protection Publication SW-96c.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. [144 p.] (Distributed
by the National Technical information Service, Springfield, Va., as
PB-239 736.)" ,.'. :
Rogers, H. W., and S. J. Hitte. Solid waste shredding and shredder
selection. Environmental" Protection Publication SW-140.
[Washington], U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Nov. 1974.
, 87 .P.;,. r . ,. :• '.'.•,.,.-• - :-. -
Ross Hofmann, Associates. A; study of pneumatic solid waste collection
systems as employed in hospitals. Environmental Protection Publication
SW-75c, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 260p.,app.
(Distributed by National Technical Information Service, Springfield,
Va., as PB-236 543.)
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Save energy; recycle solid waste. [Washington, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1974.] [Bumper sticker.]
SCS Engineers. Analysis of source separate collection of recyclable
solid waste: separate collection studies. Environmental Protection
Publication SW-95c.l. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974.
[157 p.] (Distributed by National Technical Information Service,
Springfield, Va., as PB-239 775.)
SCS Engineers. Analysis of source separate collection of recyclable
solid waste; collection center studies. Environmental Protection
Publication SW-95c.2. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974.
[75 p.] (Distributed by National Technical Information Service,
Springfield, Va., as PB-239 776.)
Shannon, L. J., M. P. Schrag, F. I. Honea, and D. Bendersky. St. Louis/Union
Electric refuse firing demonstration air pollution test report.
Washington, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 107 p.
Skinner, J. H. The demonstration of systems for recovering materials
and energy from solid waste. Presented at National Materials
Conservation Symposium, National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg,
Md., Apr. 29, 1974. [Washington], U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, 1974. 20 p.
Smith, F. A. Comparative estimates of post-consumer solid waste.
Environmental Protection Publication SW-148. [Washington], U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, May 1975. 18 p.
Smith, F. L., Jr. A solid waste estimation procedure; material flows
approach. Environmental Protection Publication SW-147. [Washington],
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, May 1975. 56 p.
Smith, F. L., Jr. Trends in wastepaper exports and their effects on
domestic markets. Environmental Protection Publication SW-132.
[Washington], U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974. 17 p.
The Solid Waste Disposal Act; Title II of Public Law 89-272, 89th
Congress, S.306-October 20, 1976, as amended by The Resource
Recovery Act of 1970, Public Law 91-512-91st Congress, H.R. 11833-
October 26, 1970; by Public Law .93-14-93rd Congress, H.R. 5446-
April 9, 1973 (To extend the amended Solid Waste Disposal Act—
for one year); and by Public Law 93-611-93rd Congress, H.R. 16045-
January 2, 1975 (To amend the Solid Waste Disposal Act to authorize
appropriations for fiscal year 1975). Environmental Protection
Publication SW-1.3. [Washington], U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Solid Waste Management Programs, 1975. 14 p.
72
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Solid waste management; recycling and the consumer. Environmental
Protection Publication SW-117.1. [Washington], U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1974. 2 p. [16-3/4 x 22 in. mailing piece.]
Source reduction fact sheet; Red Owl Stores program. [Washington],
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, [1974]. 3 p.
State solid waste management agencies. [Washington], U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Oct. 1974. 6 p. [List.]
Stearns, R. P., and R. H. Davis. The economics of separate refuse
collection. Waste Age, 5(3);6-8,10-11,14-15,130-131, May/June
1974.
Stuart Finley, Inc. The big pickup. Environmental Protection Publication
SW-lOOc. Washington, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974.
[28-rain 16-mm motion picture, sound, color.]
Sussman, D. B. Baltimore demonstrates gas pyrolysis; the energy recovery
solid waste facility in Baltimore, Maryland. Environmental
Protection Publication SW-75d.l. [Washington], U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1974. 24 p.
Sussman, D. B. Baltimore demonstrates gas pyrolysis; resource recovery
from solid waste. Environmental Protection Publication SW-75d.i.
Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1975. 24 p.
Sutterfield, G. W. Refuse as a supplementary fuel for power plants—
November 1973 through March 1974; interim progress report.
Environmental Protection Publication SW-36d.iii. [Washington],
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, July 1974. 25 p.
Tunnah, B. G., A. Hakki, and R. J. Leonard [Gordian Associates,
Inc.]. Where the boilers are; a survey of electric utility
boilers with potential capacity for burning solid waste as fuel.
Environmental Protection Publication SW-88c. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 1974. 329 p. (Distributed by National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, Va., as PB-239 392.)
U.S. Congress, Senate, Committee on Public Works. A legislative
history of the Solid Waste Disposal Act, as amended, together with
a section-by-section index. Washington, U.S. Government Printing
Office, 1974. 503 p.
U.S. finds a rich resource: the nation's trash pile. U.S. News & World
Report, 76(19):63-64,66, May 13, 1974.
2d U.S.-Japan Conference on Solid Waste Management, Washington,
Sept. 24-25, 1974. 18 p.] [Program.]
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Williams, T. F. Energy and the environment. Presented before the
Plenary Session Panel "Counterpoint" at 20th Annual Meeting of
Keep America Beautiful, Inc., New York, Dec. 5-6, 1973. [Washington,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974.] 6 p.
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