United States Eastern Environmental EPA520/5-86-018
Environmental Protection Radiation Facility
Aqency 1890 Federal Drive
Montgomery, AL 36109
Radiation
&EPA
Environmental Radiation
Data
Report 44-45
October 1985 - March 1986
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL
RADIATION
DATA
REPORT 44 - 45
October, 1985 - March, 1986
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Radiation Programs
-------
Preface
Environmental Radiation Data (ERD) is conpiled and distributed
quarterly by the Office of Radiation Programs' Eastern Environmental
Radiation Facility (EERF)/ Montgomery, Alabama, and contains data
from the Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System (ERAMS).
Data from similar networks operated by contributing States, Canada,
Mexico, and the Pan American Health Organization are reported in the
ERD when available.
ERAMS was established in 1973 by the U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency's Office of Radiation Programs (ORP). Hie ERAMS is
comprised of nationwide sampling stations that provide air, surface
and drinking water, and milk samples from which environmental
radiation levels are derived. The major emphasis for ERAMS is toward
identifying trends in the accumulation of long-lived radionuclides in
the environment.
Sampling locations are selected to provide optimal population
coverage while functioning to monitor fallout from nuclear devices
and other forms of radioactive contamination of the environment. The
radiation analyses performed on these samples include gross alpha and
gross beta levels, gamma analyses for fission products, and specific
analyses for uranium, plutonium, strontium, iodine, radium, krypton,
and tritium. This monitoring effort also provides ancillary
information on natural background levels and on releases into the
environment from stationary sources such as nuclear power reactors,
fuel fabrication facilities, and reprocessing plants.
The radiochemical procedures used by the EERF in processing the
ERAMS samples are contained in Eastern Environmental Radiation
Facility Radiochemistry Procedures Manual.
iii
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION
DATA
CONTENTS
Page
DATA - Reporting Rationale and Procedures vii
- Table of Reporting Increments and Minimum ix
Detectable Levels
DATA - ERAMS
SECTION I. Air Program 1
1. Airborne Particulates 1
and Precipitation
2. Plutonium and Uranium in 24
Airborne Particulates
3.. Krypton-85 27
SECTION II. Water Program 28
1. Surface Water 28
2. Drinking Water 33
SECTION III. External Gamma Ambient Monitoring Program 38
-------
SECTION IV. Milk Program 41
1. Pasteurized Milk 41
2. Strontium-89 and -90 in Milk 41
3. Carbon-14 in Milk 56
-------
DATA - Reporting Rationale and Procedures
In 1973, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of
Radiation Programs, established the Environmental Radiation
Monitoring System(ERAMS) to provide continuous, accurate, and usable
environmental radiation data to the public. For completeness, ERAMS
data for all specific radionuclide analyses are reported as the
counting results indicate, whether the numbers are negative, zero, or
positive.
Reporting Rationale
Frequently, concentrations of a radionuclide in environmental
media are close to zero. When the actual concentration of a nuclide
is zero, the net counting results should statistically show a
distribution of negative and positive numbers about zero. This
occurs when the background count is subtracted from a sample which
has only background activity. Prior to July 1975, ERAMS data were
not reported numerically when the results were less than a specified
reporting level or minimum detectable level. The present reporting
procedure allows all the data to be reported and evaluated
statistically without an arbitrary cutoff of small or negative
numbers. This approach will facilitate estimates of bias in the
nuclide analyses and will allow better evaluation of distributions
and trends in environmental data.
When reviewing the data in this report, caution should be
exercised in the interpretation of individual negative values.
Obviously, a negative activity value has no physical significance.
Such numbers, however, are significant when taken together with other
observations which indicate that the true value of a distribution is
near zero. When an average of many measurements produces a result
less than zero, this indicates a negative bias in the measurement
procedure.
(1) Reported Values
Specific Analyses - All specific radionuclide analyses will
be reported as the counting results indicate, whether the number
is negative, zero, or positive. All reported values are
corrected for decay to the collection date.
Potassium concentrations are determined by specific
activity analyses.
Gross Analyses - The actual value of gross radioactivity
measurements will be reported, unless the value is below the
vn
-------
minimum detectable level (MDL) at the 2 sigma confidence level,
then < minimum detectable level will be reported.
MDL is defined as the 3 sigma error of the background. A
tabulation of MDL's is given in the following table.
(2) Reported Error Terms
Each reported value for specific analyses will be
accompanied by a counting error term at the 2 sigma (95%)
confidence interval. Error terms are therefore reported as
counting errors. At the very low levels characteristic of most
ERAMS measurements, counting error is the greatest contributor
to overall error.
(3) Significant Figures
No more than three significant figures will be reported.
If a datum contains more than three figures, it will be rounded
off to three figures.
(4) Reporting Levels
The reporting units, smallest increments for reporting, and
minimum detectable levels for each isotope are shown in Table 1.
Smallest increments are sometimes considerably smaller than
minimum detectable amounts to avoid truncation errors in
averaging.
(5) Averages
Averages will be calculated along with appropriate error
terms in an annual summary and analysis of ERAMS data. In
calculating these averages, all values of individual data
including negative numbers will be utilized. Averages will not
be included in ERD quarterly reports.
vm
-------
TABLE 1
ERAMS Reporting Increments and Minimum Detectable Levels
for Radionuclide Analyses
Radionuclide
Gross alpha
Gross beta
Tritium
Carbon-14
Krypton-85
Plutonium-238,
239
Uranium-234,
235,238
Radium-226
Reporting
Media Units
Water
Air
Water
Precipitation
Water
Milk
Milk
Ambient Air
Air
Milk
Water
Air
Milk
Water
Water
pCi/1
pCi/m3
PCi/1
nCi/m2
nCi/1
nCi/1
PCi/1
pCi/m3
aCi/m3
PCi/1
pCi/1
aCi/m3
PCi/1
pCi/1
PCi/1
Reporting
Increments
1 pCi/1
.01 pCi/m3
1 pCi/1
.01 nCi/m2
.1 nCi/1
.1 nCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/m3
.1 aCi/m3
.001 pCi/1
.001 pCi/1
.1 aCi/n3
.001 pCi/1
.001 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
Minimum
Detectable
Levels
2 pCi/1
.01 pCi/m
1 pCi/1
.01 nCi/m2(a)
.2 nCi/1
.2 nCi/1
15 pCi/1
2 pCi/m3
.015 pCi(b)
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi(b)
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.015 pCi
per sample
.1 pCi/1
ix
-------
Radionuclide
Strontium-90
Strontium-89
Iodine-131
Iodine-129
Cesium-137
Barium-140
Potassium
Potass ium-40
Media
Milk
Water
Milk
Milk
Water
Water
(specific
Milk
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Water
Reporting
Units
pCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
PCi/1
PCi/1
PCi/1
radiochemical
fCi/1
PCi/1
pCi/1
pCi/1
PCi/1
g/i
g/i
PCi/1
Reporting
Increments
.1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
.1 pCi/1
analysis)
.1 fCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
a g/i
.1 g/i
1 pCi/1
Minimum
Detectable
Levels
1 pCi/1
1 pCi/1
5 pCi/l(c)
10 pCi/l(c)
10 pCi/l(c)
.4 pCi/1
.4 fCi/1
10 pCi/1
10 pCi/1
10 pCi/l(c)
10 pCi/l(c)
.12 g/1
.12 g/1
100 pCi/1
(a) The value in terms of nCi/m2 would be dependent on precipitation (mm),
(b) This value in terms of pCi/m3 would be dependent on the air volume.
(c) Activity as of the day of counting.
-------
EATA - EPA
ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION
AMBIENT MONITORING SYSTEM (ERAMS)
SECTION I. Air Program
Airborne Particulates and Precipitation
Gross beta radioactivity measurements and certain specific
analyses are performed on air particulates and precipitation samples
as indicator measurements in assessing the general (national) impact
of all contributing sources on environmental levels of radiation.
Airborne particulates are collected continuously at field
stations representing wide geographic coverage, including present and
potential sources of environmental radioactivity. Sampling sites are
located throughout the United States.
Filters ( 10-cm diameter synthetic fiber ) from air samplers are
changed twice weekly and field measurements are made with a G-M
survey meter at 5 hours and 29 hours after collection to allow for
radon and thoron daughter product decay. Field estimates are
reported to appropriate EPA officials by telephone or mail depending
on the activity levels found.
The filters are sent to EERF for more sensitive analyses in a
low background beta counter. Gamma scans are performed on all
filters showing gross beta counts greater than 1 pCi/m3. The
laboratory obtained values are usually lower than the field estimates
due to the decay of naturally occuring radionuclides between the
times of the two measurements.
Precipitation samples are collected at these field stations
collecting air filters. These samples are also sent to EERF where
they are composited monthly for gamma scans, tritium, and gross beta
activity measurements. Plutonium-238, -239, and uranium-234, -235,
and -238 analyses are performed on samples which exceed 2 pCi/liter
gross alpha.
-------
Tables 2-7 present the monthly average gross beta
concentrations in airborne particulates for October, 1985 - March,
1986.
Tables 8-13 present the monthly average gross beta
concentration in precipitation October, 1985 - March, 1986.
The tritium in precipitation samples for October, 1985 - March,
1986 at the selected stations are shown in Tables 14 - 15.
A compilation of individual measurements is available from the
EPA, EERF, Montgomery, AL 36109.
-------
TABLE 2
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
OCTOBER 1985
LOCATION
AL:ASHFORD
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZrTEMPE
CA: BERKELEY
CArLOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
HI:HONOLULU
IA:IOWA CITY
IDrBOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:TOPEKA
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MNMINNEAPOLIS
HO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NM: SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
iM
MAX
MIN
AVG
(pCi/m3)
5
9
8
5
9
9
10
9
9
9
8
9
9
8
9
9
4
9
7
9
9
9
8
6
6
7
8
9
6
9
5
9
9
6
8
9
9
8
0.0
1.1
0.4
3.9
0.1
0.6
1.6
0.4
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.3
1.7
0.0
0.7
0.7
1.7
0.3
0.3
0.5
1.0
0.6
0.3
0.1
0.6
0.3
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.1
1.0
0.3
0.7
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.3
1.6
0.0
0.3
0.7
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.8
0.0
0.2
0.6
0.5
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.6
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.3
MAX
MIN
AVG
(pCi/m3)
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
-------
TABLE 2 (CONTINUED)
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
OCTOBER 1985
LOCATION
# SAM
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
OK:
OR:
PA:
PA:
PA:
PA:
RI:
SC:
SC:
SC:
SD:
TN:
TN:
TX:
TX:
VA:
WA:
WI:
WV:
OKLAHOMA CITY
PORTLAND
GOLDSBORO
HARRISBURG
PITTSBURGH
THREE MILE ISL
PROVIDENCE
BARNWELL
CHARLESTON
COLUMBIA
PIERRE
KNOXVILLE
NASHVILLE
AUSTIN
EL PASO
LYNCHBURG
SPOKANE
MADISON
CHARLESTON
7
9
8
9
8
10
4
3
1
9
9
8
4
9
9
9
9
7
8
0.5
0.0
0.4
0.5
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.8
0.7
1.0
0.8
0.3
1.1
1.5
0.6
0.3
0.8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.1
.0
.0
.1
.1
.0
.1
.0
.3
.1
.2
.1
.1
.1
.2
.0
.1
.0
.1
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.7
0.4
0.2
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.01
.01
.01
.02
.02
.01
.01
.01
.07
.01
.02
.01
.03
.02
.02
.02
.01
.02
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.00
.00
.01
.00
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.00
.00
.00
.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES - .1 pCi/m3,
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/nf
-------
TABLE 3
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
NOVEMBER 1985
LOCATION
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
# SAM MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
AL:ASHFORD
AL: MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA: BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CO: DENVER
CT: HARTFORD
DE: WILMINGTON
FL: JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
HI: HONOLULU
IA:IOWA CITY
ID: BOISE
ID: IDAHO FALLS
IL: CHICAGO
IN '.INDIANAPOLIS
KS:TOPEKA
ME: AUGUSTA
MI: LANS ING
MN: MINNEAPOLIS
MO: JEFFERSON CITY
MS: JACKSON
NC: CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND: BISMARCK
NH: CONCORD
NM: SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY: ALBANY
NY: NEW YORK CITY
NY: NEW YORK
NY: NEW YORK CITY
NY: NIAGARA FALLS
NY: SYRACUSE
NY:YAPHANK
OH: COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH: TOLEDO
4
9
7
9
8
6
8
11
8
9
8
8
6
8
9
3
7
7
8
9
8
8
4
3
9
9
5
8
4
2
1
6
8
4
7
8
9
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.0
.8
.2
.2
.6
.7
.1
.2
.1
.0
.1
.5
.8
.0
.3
.5
.5
.2
.2
.9
.8
.4
.0
.1
.3
.2
.4
.3
.0
.2
.1
.1
.2
.1
.1
.1
.2
.3
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.4
0.8
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.01
.02
.02
.02
.03
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.03
.02
.03
.02
.01
.03
.01
.01
.03
.02
.02
.01
.01
.03
.09
.01
.07
.01
.01
.00
.01
.02
.01
.01
.02
.02
.02
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.00
.00
.01
.00
.01
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.00
.00
.00
.01
.00
.00
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.02
.02
.01
.01
.02
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.02
.02
.01
.02
.01
.00
.00
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
-------
TABLE 3 (CONTINUED)
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
NOVEMBER 1985
LOCATION
# SAM
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OK:OKLAHOMA
OK-.OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:GOLDSBORO
PA:HARRISBURG
PA PITTSBURGH
PA:THREE MILE ISL
PA:TMI
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SD:PIERRE
TNrKNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
TX:EL PASO
VArLYNCHBURG
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
6
1
1
9
7
7
8
6
1
3
2
7
8
6
5
8
8
7
7
9
6
1.5
0.2
0.5
0.0
1.5
0.5
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.4
2.1
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.2
0.5
0.0
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.8
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES - .1 pCi/m3
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/m3
-------
TABLE 4
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
DECEMBER 1985
LOCATION
# SAM
ALrASHFORD
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:TEMPE
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
HI:HONOLULU
IA:IOWA CITY
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:TOPEKA
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NV:LOS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
MAX MIN AVG
(PCi/m3)
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
4
10
8
1
9
9
7
9
7
10
8
9
4
7
9
8
1
7
8
9
9
9
8
8
6
7
8
9
6
8
1
5
9
9
3
6
9
9
0.0
1.5
0.5
0.9
0.1
0.6
0.6
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.9
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.7
0.1
0.9
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.12
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.05
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.11
0.06
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.07
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.06
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
-------
TABLE 4 (CONTINUED)
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
DECEMBER 1985
LOCATION
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
// SAM MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:GOLDSBORO
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SCiBARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SDrPIERRE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
TX:EL PASO
VA:LYNCHBURG
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES -
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT -
9
8
4
9
9
8
8
1
4
9
8
4
9
8
8
5
4
4
0.3
0.7
0.0
1.0
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.3
2.7
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
oa
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.2
1.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
8
-------
TABLE 5
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
JANUARY 1986
LOCATION
# SAM
AL:ASHFORD
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA:BERKELEY
CArLOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
HI:HONOLULU
IA:IOWA CITY
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:TOPEKA
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
3
10
8
9
9
9
9
8
9
9
8
9
9
9
8
6
8
9
8
9
9
9
9
9
8
9
6
9
9
4
9
3
6
4
8
9
10
8
0.0
1.3
0.6
0.3
1.0
2.2
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.5
0.7
0.1
0.1
0,2
0.8
0.5
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.7
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.6
0.2
0.0
0.5
0.7
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.4
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
1.38
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.12
0.04
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.49
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
-------
TABLE 5 (CONTINUED)
AIRBORNE PARTICIPATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
JANUARY 1986
LOCATION
# SAM
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
PArGOLDSBORO
PA:HARRISBURG
PA'.PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:CAROLINA
SC:COLUMBIA
SDrPIERRE
TNrKNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
TX:EL PASO
VA:LYNCHBURG
WAtOLYMPIA
WI:MADISON
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES - .1 pCi/nT
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/m3
8
9
9
9
5
2
1
8
9
9
4
9
9
9
4
10
1,1
0.4
0.3
0.0
0.8
0.0
0.4
0.8
0.5
1.6
0.5
0.3
0.6
1.4
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.4
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.4
0.4
0.1
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.02
0.03
0.00
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0,01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.01
10
-------
TABLE 6
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
FEBRUARY 1986
LOCATION
9 SAM
ALrASHFORD
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
HI .-HONOLULU
LA:IOWA CITY
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KSrTOPEKA
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:LANSING
MNMINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
1
10
7
8
8
8
8
7
7
8
7
8
8
8
6
7
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
8
8
8
8
6
8
4
8
8
3
7
8
8
8
7
0.0
0.7
0.4
0.1
0.4
0.9
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.3
1.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.6
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.5
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.5
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
11
-------
TABLE 6 (CONTINUED)
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
FEBRUARY 1986
LOCATION
# SAM
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
PA.'GOLDSBORO
PA: HARRIS BURG
PA: PITTSBURGH
PA:THREE MILE ISL
RI: PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC: COLUMBIA
SD: PIERRE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TK: AUSTIN
TX:EL PASO
VA:LYNCHBURG
WA:OLYMPIA
WA: SPOKANE
WI: MADISON
8
8
8
2
2
1
4
8
8
4
6
8
8
8
6
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.0
.0
.0
.2
.0
.2
.1
.3
.2
.4
.7
.5
.3
.1
.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.2
.0
.2
.1
.1
.1
.2
.4
.3
.1
.1
.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.02
.02
.01
.01
.01
.01
.02
.02
.02
.01
.02
.01
.01
.02
.02
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.00
.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES - .1 pCi/m3
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/m3
12
-------
TABLE 7
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
MARCH 1986
LOCATION
# SAM
5-HR FIELD
ESTIMATE
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
AL:ASHFORD
AL: MONTGOMERY
AR: LITTLE ROCK
CA: BERKELEY
CArLOS ANGELES
CO: DENVER
CT: HARTFORD
DE: WILMINGTON
FL: JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
HI: HONOLULU
IA:IOWA CITY
ID:BOISE
ID: IDAHO FALLS
IL: CHICAGO
IN: INDIANAPOLIS
KS:
ME:
MI:
MN:
MO:
MS:
NC:
NC:
ND:
NH:
NJ:
NM:
NV:
NY:
NY:
NY:
NY:
NY:
OH:
OH:
OH:
OK:
TOPEKA
AUGUSTA
LANSING
MINNEAPOLIS
JEFFERSON CITY
JACKSON
CHARLOTTE
WILMINGTON
BISMARCK
CONCORD
TRENTON
SANTA FE
LAS VEGAS
ALBANY
NEW YORK CITY
NIAGARA FALLS
SYRACUSE
YAPHANK
COLUMBUS
PAINESVILLE
TOLEDO
OKLAHOMA CITY
3
9
9
8
8
9
9
8
9
9
9
9
9
6
9
6
9
8
9
8
8
8
7
8
8
8
9
8
9
4
8
9
4
8
8
8
9
7
0.9
0.9
0.6
0.1
0.4
1.1
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.0
0.3
0.9
1.3
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.8
0.9
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.4
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.9
0.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.9
0.4
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.7
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
O.I
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.4
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
8
1
1
1
4
5
1
1
1
0
2
3
2
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
2
5
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0,02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0
.03
0.02
0.02
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.02
.01
.02
.01
.05
.02
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.03
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.02
.01
.02
.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0
0
0
.01
.01
.00
0.01
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.00
.00
.00
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.01
0.01
0.01
0,01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
13
-------
LOCATION
OR: PORTLAND
PArGOLDSBORO
PAtHARRISBURG
PArPITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SCrCOLUMBIA
SD:PIERRE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
TX:EL PASO
VA:LYNCHBURG
WA:OLYMPIA
WA:SPOKANE
WI:MADISON
TABLE 7 (CONTINUED)
AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION
MARCH 1986
* SAM
5-1IR FIELD
ESTIMATE
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
EERF LAB
MEASUREMENT
MAX MIN AVG
(pCi/m3)
6
9
9
9
5
2
8
8
8
4
7
7
8
8
9
9
0.0
0.4
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.6
0.7
1.2
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.6
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.01
0.0
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR FIELD ESTIMATES - .1 pCi/m3
MINIMUM DETECTABLE LIMIT FOR LAB MEASUREMENT - .01 pCi/m3
14
-------
TABLE 8
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
OCTOBER 1985
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:BERKELEY
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MS:JACKSON
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OR:PORTLAND
PA:MIDDLETOWN
PA:PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SD:PIERRE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
TX:EL PASO
WI:MADISON
DEPTH ACT. + 2s
(mm) (nCi/m2)
SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.
(pCi/1)
130.0
66.3
14.0
6.3
0.9
65.8
107.0
235.0
208.3
66.3
33.8
30.8
126.6
102.8
93.7
110.1
49.5
10.0
18.5
2.4
32.8
118.1
65.0
50.0
76.3
102.4
57.5
47.5
106.3
60.8
27.5
25.0
116.3
68.3
30.0
61.4
135.0
44.0
75.0
0.09
0.09
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.21
0.16
0.23
0.10
0.05
0.11
0.04
0.13
0.04
0.07
0.04
0.11
0.00
0.06
0.01
0.02
0.15
0.06
0.09
0.07
0.30
0.03
0.04
0.25
0.07
0.13
0.02
0.13
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.07
0.02
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.04
0.05
0.10
0.08
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.06
0.04
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.06
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.07
0.02
0.02
0.06
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.05
0.03
0.01
0.03
0.05
0.02
0.04
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
214
ND
ND
ND
ND
Bi 57 + 75%
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
a SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
15
-------
TABLE 9
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
NOVEMBER 1985
LOCATION
DEPTH ACT. + 2s
(mm) (nCi/m2)
AL: MONTGOMERY
AR: LITTLE ROCK
AZ: PHOENIX
CA: BERKELEY
CO -.DENVER
CT: HARTFORD
DE: WILMINGTON
FL: JACKSONVILLE
FLrMIAMI
ID: BOISE
ID: IDAHO FALLS
IL: CHIC AGO
MI :LANS ING
MS : JACKSON
ND: BISMARCK
NJ : TRENTON
NV.-LAS VEGAS
NY: NEW YORK CITY
NY: NIAGARA FALLS
NY: SYRACUSE
NY:YAPUANK
OH .'COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OR: PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA-.MIDDLETOWN
RI: PROVIDENCE
SCtBARNWELL
SC: COLUMBIA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN: NASHVILLE
TX: AUSTIN
VA:LYNCHBURG
WI: MAD I SON
45.0
136.3
41.0
130.1
6.0
178.0
244.5
51.6
70.0
38,8
23.8
230.8
66.9
48.1
37.5
116.3
3.8
57.1
303.7
165.0
137.5
158.3
245.0
112.0
190.8
165.0
100.0
30.0
143.8
40.0
113.8
90.0
286.5
170.7
0.05
0.13
0.03
0.11
0.09
0.31
0.30
0.04
0.07
0.02
0.02
0.23
0.06
0.02
0.05
0,26
0.01
0.05
0.88
0.12
0.14
0.08
0.50
0.11
0.38
0.21
0.21
0.01
0.09
0.01
0.06
0.04
1.17
0.11
0.02
0.06
0.02
0.05
0.01
0.09
0.12
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.11
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.07
0.00
0.02
0.18
0.07
0.06
0.06
0.14
0.05
0.10
0.08
0.05
0.01
0.06
0.02
0.05
0.04
0.20
0.07
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
8 SIGMA COUNTING
ERROR
SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT,
(pCi/1)
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
16
-------
TABLE 10
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
DECEMBER 1985
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:BERKELEY
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DEiWILMINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
IL:CHICAGO
MS:JACKSON
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:MIDDLETOWN
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
lEPTH
(mm)
72.5
37.9
76.7
7.3
18.8
15.0
76.1
91.3
56.3
11.4
119.4
16.0
57.5
8.0
28.8
42.1
55.0
31.3
57.5
37.5
26.0
90.0
97.5
73.8
18.8
42.5
ACT. +
(nCi/m2)
0.10
0.02
0.06
0.07
0.10
0.02
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.04
0.12
0.15
0.19
0.01
0.04
0.20
0.10
0.02
0.37
0.05
0.07
0.16
0.02
0.07
0.01
0.01
2s
0.04
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.01
0.05
0.02
0.04
0.00
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.01
0.05
0.02
0.02
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.01
0.02
SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.
(pCi/1)
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
8 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
17
-------
TABLE 11
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
JANUARY 1986
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA: BERKELEY
CT:HARTFORD
PL:JACKSONVILLE
FLrMIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
MS:JACKSON
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH.-PAINESVILLE
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:MIDDLETOWN
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TX:AUSTIN
VA:LYNCHBURG
WI:MADISON
DEPTH ACT. + 2s
(mm) (nCi/m2)
SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.
30.0
15.0
149.9
48.8
50.2
92.6
26.0
9.2
10.6
13.0
9.0
70.6
7.0
19.9
10. 1
43.5
113.6
61.0
48.0
24.6
26.0
8.0
61.8
11.4
0.09
0.03
0.07
0.09
0.03
0,11
0.05
0.04
0.02
0.03
0.06
0.05
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.34
0.12
0.27
0.04
0.02
0.06
0.01
0.23
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.07
0.03
0.02
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.05
0.04
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.00
0.04
0.00
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NF
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
s SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
18
-------
TABLE 12
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
FEBRUARY 1986
LOCATION
AL : MONTGOMERY
AR: LITTLE ROCK
CA: BERKELEY
CT: HARTFORD
FL: JACKSONVILLE
FLrMIAMI
IDrBOISE
ID: IDAHO FALLS
IL: CHICAGO
MS: JACKSON
ND: BISMARCK
NJ: TRENTON
NVrLAS VEGAS
NY: NIAGARA FALLS
OH: COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OR: PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:MIDDLETOWN
SC:BARNWELL
SC: COLUMBIA
TN: NASHVILLE
TX: AUSTIN
VA:LYNCHBURG
WI:MADISON
DEPTH
(mm)
104.0
59.0
217.2
61.6
66.4
44.0
115.0
51.4
42.6
47.0
9.3
43.6
4.5
33.4
48.0
60.0
42.0
76.6
121.0
7.6
30.0
29.1
14.0
46.4
31.6
ACT.
± 2s
(nCi/m2)
0.07
0.24
0.16
0.17
0.08
0.06
0.10
0.04
0.06
0.02
0.05
0.12
0.01
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.08
0.16
0.18
0.01
0.03
0.08
0.01
0.11
0.07
0.06
0.04
0.10
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.05
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.00
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.06
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.02
SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT.
(pCi/1)
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Hi)
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
s SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
19
-------
TABLE 13
GROSS BETA CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION
MARCH 1986
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR;LITTLE ROCK
CA:BERKELEY
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FLsMIAMI
ID:BOISE
IL:CHICAGO
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MS:JACKSON
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NV.-LAS VEGAS
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH.-PAINESVILLE
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:MIDDLETOWN
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
VArLYNCHBURG
WI:MADISON
DEPTH ACT. + 2s
SPECIFIC
GAMMA ACT,
(mm)
174.0
86.0
115.2
61.0
82.0
110.0
54.0
41.9
38.0
118.0
4.6
10.2
8.0
37.3
50.6
.43.8
84.6
110.0
33.6
82.0
54.0
8,0
28.3
6.0
(nCi/m2
0.15
0.16
0.04
0.16
0.03
0.13
0.02
0.03
0.21
0.07
0.01
0.09
0.01
0.03
0.17
0.03
0.11
0.14
0.04
0.08
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.01
>
0.08
0.04
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.05
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.05
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.05
0.02
0.04
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.00
(pCi/1)
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND NO GAMMA ACTIVITY DETECTABLE
s- SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
20
-------
TABLE 14
PRECIPITATION
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
OCTOBER - DECEMBER 1985
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:BERKELEY
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL.'MIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
MI:LANSING
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MS:JACKSON
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
NY:YAPHANK
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:MIDDLETOWN
PA:PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SD:PIERRE
OCTOBER
NOVEMBER
DECEMBER
nCi/1 + 2s nCi/1 + 2s nCi/1 + 2s
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
NS
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.4 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.0 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.5 0.2
0.2 0.2
NS
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.4 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
NS
0.3 0.2
0.1 0.2
NS
0.1 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
NS
0.3 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.2
NS
0.3 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.3 0.2
NS
0.3 0.2
NS
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
NS
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
NS
0.1 0.2
NS
NS
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
NS
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
NS
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
NS
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
NS
NS
0.7 0.2
0.7 0.2
NS
21
-------
LOCATION
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
XX:AUSTIN
TX:EL PASO
VA:LYNCHBURG
WI:MADISON
TABLE 14 (CONTINUED)
PRECIPITATION
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
OCTOBER - DECEMBER 1985
OCTOBER
nCi/1 + 2s
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
NS
0.2 0.2
NOVEMBER
nCi/1 jh 2s
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
NS
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
DECEMBER
nCi/1 + 2s
-NS
0.2
0.1
NS
NS
NS
NS NO SAMPLE
8 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
22
-------
TABLE 15
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA:BERKELEY
CT:HARTFORD
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MS:JACKSON
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:MIDDLETOWN
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
VA:LYNCHBURG
WI:MADISON
PRECIPITATION
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - MARCH 1986
JANUARY FEBRUARY
MARCH
nCi/1 + 2s nCi/1 + 2s nCi/1 + 2s
0.
0.
0.
0,
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
3.
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.1
.1
.1
.1
.2
.2
.1
.2
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
NS
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
7
3
2
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.3
.2
.2
.2
.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
.1
.1
.2
.1
.3
.2
.1
.2
.1
.2
.2
.9
.3
.2
.1
.2
.2
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
2
3
2
1
1
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NS
0.
NS
0.
0.
0.
0.
2.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1
7
2
2
1
3
2
4
1
1
2
4
4
1
2
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
NS NO SAMPLE
8 SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
23
-------
Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates
Environmental radiation levels of plutonium and uranium are
determined by the analyses of semi-annual composited samples (air
filters) collected frcm the continuously operating airborne
particulate samplers.
Concentration of the specific isotopes of plutonium-238, -239,
and uranium-234, -235, and -238 are determined by alpha spectroscopy
following chemical separation. The volume of air represented by the
semi-annual composite ranges from 25,000 to 40,000 m3 for each
semi-annual composite.
Particulates data for January
Note: The results for CAiIOS ANGELES, ORrPORTIAND AND WA-SPOKANE
will be reported when they become available. WA.SFOKANE
24
-------
TABLE 16
PLUTONIUM AND URANIUM IN AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
JANUARY - JUNE 1985 COMPOSITES
238
Pu
239Pu
LOCATION
AL:ASHFORD
AL: MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZrTEMPE
CA:BERKELEY
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
DE:WILMINGTON
FL:JACKSONVILLE
FL:MIAMI
HI:HONOLULU
LA:IOWA CITY
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:TOPEKA
ME:AUGUSTA
MI :LANSING
MN: MINNEAPOLIS
MO:JEFFERSON CITY
MS:JACKSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
NY:YAPHANK
OH;COLUMBUS
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
PA:GOLDSBORO
PA:HARRISBURG
iCi/ro
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.
9
0.4
0,
0.
0.
.1
1
2
0.5
0.
-0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
-0.
0.
0.
3.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
4.
0.
0.
0.
7
1
0
1
0
0
6
1
2
6
0
3
6
2
4
1
2
1
0
5
1
3
6
1
0
8
2
0
8
4
5
J± 2s
0.5
0.6
0.3
0
.9
0.4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
.3
.3
.2
.4
.5
.2
.5
.3
.1
.6
.9
.2
.5
.4
.3
.3
.6
.3
.4
.2
.3
.6
.5
.8
.8
.5
.7
.6
.2
.6
.4
.3
.5
.6
.7
aCi/m3+ 2
0.3 0.3
0.3 0.2
0
1
1
0
0
0
-0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.3
.1
.0
.2
.7
.6
.2
.4
.1
.5
.7
.8
.3
.4
.1
.4
.7
.6
.2
.6
.4
.4
.4
.2
.3
.6
.7
.0
.4
.2
.3
.5
.9
.5
.7
.6
.4
.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
.3
.8
.4
.5
.3
.3
.6
.3
.3
.4
.4
.7
.4
.5
.1
.3
.5
.3
.2
.6
.3
.5
.3
.1
.3
.4
.9
.5
.4
.4
.4
.4
.5
.3
.1
.3
.3
.3
jCi/m3+ 2s
17.1
18.3
13.7
57.8
11.3
47.4
17.0
14.2
22.5
18.6
8.2
29.4
22.9
64.5
37.0
34.9
8.4
26.8
41.7
21.1
15.2
19.5
19.9
23.3
19.1
14.6
14.0
27.1
99.8
41.0
25.9
54.1
33.7
10.5
38.5
22.9
31.6
15.6
19.1
20.1
2.6
2.9
1.9
8.0
1.9
5.8
2.5
2.3
3.2
3.0
2.0
4.1
2.8
7.5
5.6
5.7
1.5
3.8
5.4
2.7
2.0
3.5
2.9
3.5
2.5
2.2
2.6
3.6
12.4
9.0
3.8
7.9
4.8
1.9
4.7
3.0
4.6
2.4
3.4
3.2
aCi/m3+ 2s
1.4 0.6
0.9 0.5
0.6 0.3
1.6 1.0
0.2 0.2
1.6 0.7
0.7 0.4
0.6 0.4
1.0 0.5
0.4 0.4
0.1 0.2
1.0 0.7
1.1 0.5
2.8 1.1
2.0 1.1
1.2 1.0
0.1 0.1
1.5 0.6
0.9 0.7
1.0 0.4
0.3 0.2
1.4 0.8
0.7 0.4
0.7 0.5
0.9 0.4
0.8 0.4
1.0 0.6
0.5 0.4
2.2 1.2
1.7 1.5
0.8 0.5
2.1 1.0
1.6 0.7
0.4 0.3
2.3 0.8
1.0 0.5
0.5 0.5
0.7 0.4
0.8 0.6
0.8 0.6
aCi/m3+ 2s
17.4
16.8
12.7
63.8
9.9
44.2
16.6
15.9
23.1
17.6
7.6
29.4
22.0
59.6
40.7
39.5
8.5
28.4
35.4
21.1
16.3
17.8
19.2
20.7
19.0
13.9
15.4
26.8
63.0
35.1
24.0
57.7
34.0
9.8
33.3
24.8
25.4
15.9
16.9
16.9
2.6
2.8
1.8
8.6
1.7
5.5
2.5
2.4
3.3
2.9
1.9
4.1
2.7
7.0
6.0
6.2
1.5
4.0
4.8
2.7
2.1
3.3
2.8
3.2
2.5
2.1
2.7
3.5
8.7
8.1
3.6
8.3
4.8
1.8
4.2
3.2
4.0
2.4
3.1
2.9
25
-------
TABLE 16 (CONTINUED)
PLUTONIUM AND URANIUM IN AIRBORNE PARTICULATES
JANUARY - JUNE 1985 COMPOSITES
238
Pu
239
Pu
LOCATION
PA PITTSBURGH
PArTMI
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SD:PIERRE
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:NASHVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
TX:EL PASO
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
WA:SEATTLE
WI: MADISON
WV:CHARLESTON
aCi/m3+ 2s
1.0
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.7
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.7
1.1
0.5
0.0
0.8
0.6
0.3
0.2
0.7
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.5
0.3
0.5
1.0
0.4
0.3
aCi/m3+ 2s
0.5
0.7
0.4
1.0
1.3
0.9
0.2
0.6
0.2
0.7
0.4
0.6
1.3
0.5
-0.1
0.6
0.5
0.3
1.1
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.8
0.3
0.4
aCi/m3+ 2s
38
19
17
19
65
29
23
34
13
37
252
25
14
14
35
.2
.8
.0
.3
.8
.3
.2
.7
.0
.6
.4
.1
.2
.3
.5
7.5
3.8
2.4
3.3
8.0
4.0
3.1
4.9
1.9
5.1
27.9
3.3
2.8
2.4
5.1
aCi/m3+ 2s
0.5
0.8
0.0
0.5
2.0
1.2
0.2
0.9
0.3
1.1
4.5
0.6
1.6
0.3
1.6
0.8
0.6
0.0
0.5
0.8
0.6
0.3
0.5
0.2
0.6
1.1
0.3
0.9
0.3
0.7
aCi/m3+ 2s
34
17
15
19
65
24
12
32
13
28
17
24
11
14
32
.0
.9
.8
.3
.5
.3
.8
.7
.7
.5
.0
.8
.4
.6
.5
6.7
3.4
2.3
3.3
8.0
3.4
2.1
4.7
2.0
4.2
2.6
3.3
2.5
2.4
4.8
SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
26
-------
Krypton-85
Krypton-85 is a long-lived noble gas with a half life of 10.8
years. It is released into the atmosphere by nuclear reactor
operations, fuel reprocessing, weapons tests, and research and
defense related activities. Krypton-85 also occurs naturally in
minor quantities primarily from the neutron capture of stable
krypton-84 as well as spontaneous fission and neutron-induced fission
of uranium. Monitoring of krypton-85 in the atmosphere has been
conducted to identify and establish baseline levels and long-term
trends.
Krypton-85 analysis began in January 1973 with sample
collections and analyses being performed for 12 sampling locations.
These locations were selected to provide atmospheric coverage of the
United States with considerations being given to the proximity to
fuel reprocessing plants, nuclear reactors, and wide geographic
coverage.
Dry compressed air samples, collected at each location, are
purchased from comiercial air suppliers annually and shipped to the
EERF where the krypton-85 is cryogenically separated and counted in a
liquid scintillation system.
The Kr-85 results will be published when they are available.
27
-------
CftTA - EPA
ERAMS
SECTION II. Water Program
The ERAMS water program provides data on ambient radiation
levels in the nation's rivers, streams and drinking water supplies.
Surface Water
Quarterly grab samples are taken downstream from operating or
future nuclear facilities at 58 stations.
Surface water samples are analyzed for tritium quarterly and
specific gaitma activity annually. Tritium is a primary radioactive
pollutant from nuclear power plants and weapons production
activities.
Tritium concentrations are determined by liquid scintillation
counting of distilled samples. Gairma scans are performed annually to
determine levels of gamma emitting radionuclides.
Tritium concentrations for October - December 1985 and January -
March 1986 are shown in Tables 17 and 18 respectively.
28
-------
TABLE 17
SURFACE WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
OCTOBER - DECEMBER 1985
LOCATION
AL:DECATUR
AL:DOTHAN
AL:SCOTTSBORO
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CArCLAY STATION
CA:DIABLO CANYON
CA:EUREKA
CA:SAN ONOFRE
CO:GREELEY
CTrEAST HADDAM
CT.'WATERFORD
FL:CRYSTAL RIVER
FL:FT. PIERCE
FL:HOMESTEAD
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BUHL
IL:E. MOLINE
IL:MORRIS
IL:ZION
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA PLYMOUTH
MA:ROWE
MD:CONOWINGO
MD:LUSBY
ME:WISCASSET
MI:BRIDGMAN
MI:CHARLEVOIX
MI:MONROE
MI:SO. HAVEN
MN:MONTICELLO
MN:RED WING
MS:PORT GIBSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:SOUTHPORT
NE:RULO
NJ:BAYSIDE
NJ:OYSTER CREEK
NV:BOULDER CITY
NY:CHELSEA
SOURCE
TENNESSEE RIVER
CHATTAHOOCHIE R.
TENNESSEE RIVER
ARKANSAS RIVER
FOLSOM S. CANAL
PACIFIC OCEAN
HUMBOLDT BAY
PACIFIC OCEAN
SOUTH PLATTE RIVER
CONNECTICUT RIVER
LONG ISLAND SOUND
GULF OF MEXICO
ATLANTIC OCEAN
BISCAYNE BAY
CEDAR RIVER
SNAKE RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
ILLINOIS RIVER
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CAPE CODE BAY
DEERFIELD RIVER
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER
CHESAPEAKE BAY
MONTSEWAY BAY
LAKE MICHIGAN
LAKE MICHIGAN
LAKE ERIE
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CATAWBA RIVER
ATLANTIC OCEAN
MISSOURI RIVER
DELAWARE RIVER
OYSTER CREEK
COLORADO RIVER
HUDSON RIVER
DATE
COLLECTED
10/10/85
10/ 3/85
10/ 8/85
ll/ 4/85
10/14/85
10/23/85
10/10/85
11/15/85
ll/ 7/85
11/22/85
11/22/85
10/ 7/85
10/15/85
12/ 3/85
10/22/85
10/16/85
11/15/85
12/16/85
11/15/85
10/25/85
10/21/85
ll/ 6/85
10/15/85
10/15/85
10/12/85
10/21/85
10/19/85
10/14/85
10/22/85
ll/ 5/85
10/11/85
10/17/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 8/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 9/85
10/21/85
ll/ 7/85
10/17/85
nCi/1
0.3
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.2
0
0
0
0
0
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
.1
.3
.2
.3
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
2
± 2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0,
0.
0.
0.
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.
0.
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
29
-------
LOCATION
NYrOSSINING
NY:OSWEGO
OH:TOLEDO
PA: DANVILLE
SCrALLENDALE
SC:BROAD RIVER
SC:HARTSVILLE
TN:DAISY
TN:KINGSTON
TX:EL PASO
VA:DOSWELL
VA:NEWPORT NEWS
WA:NORTHPORT
WA:RICHLAND
WI:TWO CREEKS
WI: VICTORY
WV:WHEELING
TABLE 17 (CONTINUED)
SURFACE WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
OCTOBER - DECEMBER 1985
SOURCE
HUDSON RIVER
LAKE ONTARIO
LAKE ERIE
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER
SAVANNAH RIVER
BROAD RIVER
LAKE ROBINSON
TENNESSEE RIVER
CLINCH RIVER
RIO GRANDE
NORTH ANNA RIVER
JAMES RIVER
COLUMBIA RIVER
COLUMBIA RIVER
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
OHIO RIVER
DATE
COLLECTED
10/21/85
11/15/85
10/ 7/85
10/23/85
10/31/85
ll/ 6/85
10/ 7/85
11/20/85
10/21/85
10/17/85
10/10/85
11/15/85
12/18/85
10/16/85
10/15/85
10/ 7/85
10/22/85
nCi/1
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
2.9
0.3
3.0
0.2
0.6
0.2
3.8
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
± 2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
30
-------
TABLE 18
SURFACE WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - MARCH 1986
LOCATION
AL:DECATUR
AL:DOTHAN
AL:SCOTTSBORO
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA:CLAY STATION
CA:DIABLO CANYON
CA:EUREKA
CA:SAN ONOFRE
CO:GREELEY
CT:EAST HADDAM
CT:WATERFORD
FL:CRYSTAL RIVER
FL:FT. PIERCE
FL:HOMESTEAD
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
IL:MORRIS
IL:ZION
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:PLYMOUTH
MD:LUSBY
ME:WISCASSET
MI:BRIDGMAN
MI:CHARLEVOIX
MI:MONROE
MI:SO. HAVEN
MN:MONTICELLO
MN:RED WING
MS:PORT GIBSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC: SOUTHPORT
NErRULO
NJ:BAYSIDE
NJ:OYSTER CREEK
NV:BOULDER CITY
NY:CHELSEA
NY:OSSINING
NY:OSWEGO
SC:ALLENDALE
SC:BROAD RIVER
SOURCE
TENNESSEE RIVER
CHATTAHOOCHIE R.
TENNESSEE RIVER
ARKANSAS RIVER
FOLSOM S. CANAL
PACIFIC OCEAN
HUMBOLDT BAY
PACIFIC OCEAN
SOUTH PLATTE RIVER
CONNECTICUT RIVER
LONG ISLAND SOUND
GULF OF MEXICO
ATLANTIC OCEAN
BISCAYNE BAY
CEDAR RIVER
ILLINOIS RIVER
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CAPE CODE BAY
CHESAPEAKE BAY
MONTSEWAY BAY
LAKE MICHIGAN
LAKE MICHIGAN
LAKE ERIE
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CATAWBA RIVER
ATLANTIC OCEAN
MISSOURI RIVER
DELAWARE RIVER
OYSTER CREEK
COLORADO RIVER
HUDSON RIVER
HUDSON RIVER
LAKE ONTARIO
SAVANNAH RIVER
BROAD RIVER
DATE
COLLECTED
I/ 7/86
I/ 2/86
I/ 8/86
1/31/86
I/ 9/86
1/30/86
1/10/86
3/12/86
I/ 8/86
1/10/86
1/10/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 7/86
2/11/86
I/ 7/86
I/ 4/86
2/15/86
1/16/86
I/ 8/86
I/ 7/86
I/ 3/86
1/20/86
I/ 7/86
11 5/86
1/22/86
I/ 8/86
I/ 9/86
1/16/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 3/86
I/ 7/86
I/ 8/86
2/27/86
I/ 8/86
I/ 2/86
I/ 7/86
2/15/86
1/30/86
1/28/86
nCi/1
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
1.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.4
3.2
0.3
± 2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
31
-------
LOCATION
SC:HARTSVILLE
TN:DAISY
TNrKINGSTON
TX:EL PASO
TXiMATAGORDA
VArDOSWELL
WArNORTHPORT
WA:RICHLAND
WIrTWO CREEKS
WI:VICTORY
WV:WHEELING
TABLE 18 (CONTINUED)
SURFACE WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - MARCH 1986
SOURCE
LAKE ROBINSON
TENNESSEE RIVER
CLINCH RIVER
RIO GRANDE
COLORADO RIVER
NORTH ANNA RIVER
COLUMBIA RIVER
COLUMBIA RIVER
LAKE MICHIGAN
MISSISSIPPI RIVER
OHIO RIVER
DATE
COLLECTED
I/ 6/86
1/31/86
I/ 7/86
1/23/86
2/ 5/86
I/ 9/86
1/29/86
I/ 9/86
1/13/86
1/13/86
3/13/86
nCi/1
0.8
0.4
0.8
0.1
0.2
3.4
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.2
± 2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
32
-------
Drinking Water
This program monitors ambient radiation levels in drinking water
at 78 sites. These data serve to assess trends and anomalies in
concentrations, and to compare with standards set forth in the EPA
"National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations." These
regulations provide for approval of supplies when the combined
radium-226 and radium-228 levels do not exceed 5 pCi/1, when the
gross alpha (excluding radon and uranium) levels do not exceed 15
pCi/1, when tritium levels do not exceed 20,000 pCi/1, when the
strontium-90 levels do not exceed 8 pCi/1, and when the gross beta
levels do not exceed 50 pCi/1.
Grab samples are taken at the 78 sites which are either major
population centers or selected nuclear facility environs.
The analyses include (a) tritium on a quarterly basis; (b) gross
alpha, gross beta, strontium-90, and gamma on annual composites; (c)
radium-226 if the gross alpha exceeds 2 pCi/1 and radium-228 if the
radium-226 falls between 3 and 5 pCi/1; (d) specific iodine-131 on
one quarterly sample per year for each station; and (e) an annual
composite for plutonium-238 and -239 and uranium-234, -235, and -238
for stations that demonstrate gross alpha levels greater than 2
pCi/1.
Tritium analyses are performed by scintillation counting of the
distilled samples. Gross beta and alpha are determined by
evaporating an aliquot on a stainless steel planchet for counting.
Radium-226 is determined by the standard emanation technique.
Strontium-90 is determined by beta counting a strontium carbonate
precipitate isolated by ion exchange.
The results of tritium in drinking water analyses for October -
December 1985 and January - March 1986 are shown in Tables 19 and 20
respectively.
33
-------
TABLE 19
DRINKING WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
OCTOBER - DECEMBER 1985
LOCATION
AK:FAIRBANKS
AK:FAIRBANKS
AL:DOTHAN
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:MUSCLE SHOALS
AL:SCOTTSBORO
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CO:PLATTEVILLE
CT:HARTFORD
DE:DOVER
FL:MIAMI
FL:TAMPA
GA:SAVANNAH
HI:HONOLULU
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:MORRIS
IL:W. CHICAGO
KS:TOPEKA
MA:LAWRENCE
MA:ROWE
MD:BALTIMORE
MD:CONOWINGO
ME:AUGUSTA
MI :DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MN:RED WING
MS:JACKSON
MS:PORT GIBSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
DATE
COLLECTED
10/22/85
10/22/85
10/ 4/85
10/16/85
10/ 8/85
10/10/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 9/85
10/ 7/85
10/28/85
10/28/85
10/15/85
10/10/85
10/ 7/85
10/28/85
10/ 7/85
11/14/85
10/22/85
12/24/85
ll/ 5/85
10/11/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 4/85
10/16/85
ll/ 6/85
10/ 7/85
10/15/85
10/ 8/85
10/17/85
10/17/85
10/24/85
10/11/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 8/85
10/ 9/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 8/85
10/ 7/85
nCi/1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
1.2
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.^2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.6
0.2
0.2
± 2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.'2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
34
-------
TABLE 19(CONTINUED)
DRINKING WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
OCTOBER - DECEMBER 1985
LOCATION
NE:LINCOLN
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NJ:WARETOWN
NVrLAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
NY:SYRACUSE
OH:CINCINNATI
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:EAST LIVERPOOL
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:COLUMBIA
PA:HARRISBURG
PA .-PITTSBURGH
PC:ANCON
RI:PROVIDENCE
SCiBARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:HARTSVILLE
SC:JENKINSVILLE
SC:SENECA
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TNrKNOXVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
VAiDOSWELL
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA VIRGINIA BEACH
VI:ST. THOMAS
WA:RICHLAND
WA:SEATTLE
WI:GENOA CITY
DATE
COLLECTED
10/21/85
10/ 7/85
10/18/85
10/21/85
10/ 8/85
10/ 8/85
10/28/85
10/ 8/85
12/31/85
10/18/85
10/15/85
11/20/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 8/85
10/ 7/85
10/24/85
10/ 8/85
11/20/85
10/ 8/85
10/ 8/85
10/17/85
10/ 4/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 4/85
10/23/85
10/ 3/85
10/11/85
12/16/85
10/16/85
10/ 7/85
11/13/85
10/25/85
10/16/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 7/85
nCi/1
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.1
0,2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
± 2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
35
-------
TABLE 20
DRINKING WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - MARCH 1986
LOCATION
AK:FAIRBANKS
AL:DOTHAN
AL:MONTGOMERY
AL:MUSCLE SHOALS
AL:SCOTTSBORO
AR:LITTLE ROCK
CA:BERKELEY
CA:LOS ANGELES
CO:DENVER
CO:PLATTEVILLE
CT:HARTFORD
DC:WASHINGTON
DE:DOVER
FL:MIAMI
FLtTAMPA
GA:SAVANNAH
HI:HONOLULU
IA:CEDAR RAPIDS
ID:BOISE
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:MORRIS
KS:TOPEKA
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:LAWRENCE
MD:BALTIMORE
MD:CONOWINGO
ME:AUGUSTA
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MNMINNEAPOLIS
MN:RED WING
MS:JACKSON
MS:PORT GIBSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
NC:WILMINGTON
ND:BISMARCK
NE:LINCOLN
DATE
COLLECTED
1/10/86
I/ 3/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 7/86
I/ 8/86
I/ 3/86
I/ 2/86
I/ 2/86
3/17/86
3/17/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 8/86
I/ 2/86
I/ 2/86
1/22/86
I/ 3/86
1/20/86
I/ 7/86
3/13/86
2/28/86
I/ 2/86
I/ 2/86
1/10/86
I/ 8/86
I/ 2/86
I/ 2/86
I/ 3/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 6/86
1/13/86
I/ 9/86
I/ 2/86
I/ 8/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 3/86
I/ 2/86
1/15/86
nCi/1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.2
4.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.1
± 2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
36
-------
TABLE 20 (CONTINUED)
DRINKING WATER
TRITIUM CONCENTRATION
JANUARY - MARCH 1986
LOCATION
NH:CONCORD
NJ:TRENTON
NJrWARETOWN
NV.-LAS VEGAS
NY:ALBANY
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:NIAGARA FALLS
OH:CINCINNATI
OH:COLUMBUS
OH:EAST LIVERPOOL
OH:PAINESVILLE
OH:TOLEDO
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
PC:ANCON
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:COLUMBIA
SC:HARTSVILLE
SC:JENKINSVILLE
SC:SENECA
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
VA:DOSWELL
VA:LYNCHBURG
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
VA:VIRGINIA BEACH
VI:ST. THOMAS
WA:RICHLAND
WA:SEATTLE
WI:GENOA CITY
WI:MADISON
SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
DATE
COLLECTED
I/ 8/86
1/31/86
2/27/86
I/ 7/86
I/ 2/86
1/14/86
I/ 6/86
3/26/86
I/ 2/86
1/15/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 2/86
I/ 3/86
I/ 3/86
I/ 2/86
1/15/86
I/ 7/86
I/ 2/86
I/ 2/86
I/ 3/86
2/ 6/86
I/ 6/86
11 3/86
1/20/86
I/ 2/86
I/ 3/86
3/18/86
I/ 7/86
I/ 2/86
I/ 2/86
I/ 2/86
1/23/86
I/ 7/86
1/21/86
1/13/86
I/ 3/86
nCi/1
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
± 2s
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
37
-------
SECTION III. External Gamma Ambient Monitoring Program
The external gamma monitoring program, which began in October
1978, provides a continuous measurement of ambient gaimva exposure
rates, including cosmic, at selected sites throughout the continental
United States. Data from this program are used to evaluate
fluctuations in natural background due to variations in environmental
conditions and to provide a means of monitoring any significant
increases in ambient gamma levels. The program consists of
approximately 22 sites representing a wide geographic coverage
throughout the country.* Although exposure measurements at these few
sites are not totally representative of nationwide exposures, they
will be indicative of national trends.
The monitoring program utilizes CaF2:Mn thermoluminescent
dosimeters(TLD's). These dosimeters are commercially available
glass-bulb type dosimeters with energy compensating shields. A group
of three TLD's is located at each station or site. Dosimeters are
annealed by the station operator prior to positioning in the field.
The dosimeters are returned to EERF for readout approximately every
three months. Several dosimeters are annealed by the station
operator as controls and returned with the exposed field dosimeters
to correct for any exposures accumulated during shipment.
Results from the period October - December 1985 and January -
March 1986 are shown in Tables 21 and 22 respectively.
* Some of these sites may not return dosimeters each period and
consequently the number of sites listed may vary slightly.
38
-------
TABLE 21
ENVIRONMENTAL GAMMA AMBIENT MONITORING PROGRAM
INTEGRATED EXPOSURE
LOCATION DATE RANGE EXPOSURE RATE
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CO:DENVER
FL:ORLANDO
ID:BOISE
IL:CHICAGO
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NM: SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW YORK
OH:COLUMBUS
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PArHARRISBURG
PA PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:KNOXVILLE
VA:RICHMOND
VT:MONTPELIER
MR
100385- 10686
100285- 10286
100385- 11086
100185-123185
101585- 10986
102185-122785
100885- 10786
100185-123185
100185- 10386
100185- 10786
102385- 12186
100185- 10286
100185-123185
100285- 10786
100285- 10386
100285- 10386
100885-123085
90385- 12386
92785-123185
100385- 10286
100185-123185
100985- 11386
19.4
18.8
34.5
16.5
25.0
13.7
23.8
28,1
32.3
66.1
20.2
19.3
19.7
21.8
17.7
27.4
23.7
24.0
21.6
22.6
17.2
21.0
MICRO R/HR + 2 s *
8.5
8,
14.
7.5
12.
8.
10.9
12.9
14.3
28.1
9.4
8.7
9.0
9.4
8.0
12.3
11.9
7.1
9.5
10.3
7.9
9.1
4.1
5.6
6.0
7.3
6.4
4.4
3.0
4.6
7.3
7.0
4.4
3.1
14.9
8.3
7.2
5.1
6.1
2.7
2.9
9.9
8.6
3.4
SIGMA ERROR (IN PERCENT)
39
-------
TABLE 22
ENVIRONMENTAL GAMMA AMBIENT MONITORING PROGRAM
INTEGRATED EXPOSURE
LOCATION DATE RANGE EXPOSURE RATE
AL:MONTGOMERY
CA:BERKELEY
CO:DENVER
FL:ORLANDO
ID:BOISE
IL:CHICAGO
ND:BISMARCK
NJ:TRENTON
NM:SANTA FE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW YORK
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR .'PORTLAND
PA:HARRISBURG
PA:PITTSBURGH
RI:PROVIDENCE
SC:BARNWELL
SC:COLUMBIA
TN:KNOXVILLE
VA: RICHMOND
VT:MONTPELIER
MR
10686- 40386
10286- 40186
11086- 33186
123185- 40186
10986- 33186
122785- 40886
10786- 42286
123185- 40386
10386- 40386
10786- 40286
12186- 41886
123185- 41186
10786- 33186
10386- 40186
10386- 40486
123085- 40986
12386- 50186
123185- 40186
10286- 40286
123185- 40186
11386- 42886
18.1
17.0
35.8
15.7
26.1
41.6
28.9
28.5
32.3
17.6
21.1
22.9
19.6
15.0
28.7
27.3
26.6
27.4
24.7
19.9
24.7
MICRO R/HR + 2 s *
8.7
8.0
18.7
7.2
13.4
17.0
11.5
12.8
14.9
8.6
10,1
9.5
9.8
7,1
13.2
11.4
11.3
12.5
11.4
9.1
9.8
7.0
5.2
5.4
7.5
5.2
2.3
7.0
5.1
5.8
4.7
3.5
6.0
7.6
6.4
5.9
8.2
8.1
4.2
3.5
5.3
5.2
* s - SIGMA ERROR (IN PERCENT)
40
-------
SECTION IV. Milk Program
Pasteurized Milk
This is a cooperative program with the Dairy and Lipid Products
Branch, Milk Sanitation Section, Food and Drug Administration. Milk
is a reliable indicator of the general population's intake of
radionuclides since it is consumed fresh by a large segment of the
population and contains several of the biologically important
contaminants resulting from environmental releases from nuclear
activities. A primary function of this program is to obtain reliable
monitoring data relative to current radionuclide concentrations and
determine any long-term trends.
Monthly samples are collected at 65 sampling sites with one or
more located in each state and Puerto Rico. The samples are
composited, according to production, from the major milk suppliers
representing more than 80 percent of the milk consumed in a given
population center.
The samples are analyzed for iodine-131, barium-140, cesium-137,
and potassium. All 65 samples are analyzed annually in July for
strontium-89, and strontium-90. Also, for the first month of the
three quarters beginning January, April and October, 10 regional
composite samples of milk made up from the states within each of
EPA's 10 regions are analyzed for strontium-89 and strontium-90.
Iodine-131, barium-140, cesium-137 and potassium are determined
by gamma spectral analysis. Strontium-89 and strontium-90 are
determined by beta counting a total strontium precipitate which has
been chemically separated by ion-exchange.
The values for the pasteurized milk samples for October -
December 1985 are shown in Tables 23 - 25 and the values for the
January - March samples are shown in Tables 26 -28.
Strontium values from regional composite samples collected
October - December 1985 and January - March 1986 are shown in Tables
29 and 30 respectively.
41
-------
TABLE 23
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
OCTOBER 1985
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:LOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CA:SAN FRANCISCO
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
FL:TAMPA
HI:HONOLULU
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WICHITA
KY:LOUISVILLE
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
ME:PORTLAND
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MN:ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
ND:MINOT
NE:OMAHA
NH: MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
NM:ALBUQUERQUE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:NEW .YORK CITY
NY:SYRACUSE
OH CINCINNATI
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA:PHILADELPHIA
PA PITTSBURGH
DATE
COLLECTED
10/11/85
10/14/85
10/10/85
10/28/85
10/ 1/85
10/ 9/85
10/30/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 1/85
10/ 1/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 7/85
10/28/85
10/ 8/85
10/11/85
10/ 8/85
10/ 4/85
10/ 2/85
10/11/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 1/85
10/ 9/85
10/ 2/85
10/ 8/85
10/28/85
10/31/85
10/11/85
10/ 7/85
10/10/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 8/85
10/ 8/85
10/ 8/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 9/85
K
1J'Cs
g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.54
.53
.44
.67
.66
.64
.46
.51
.38
.68
.58
.47
.52
.54
.61
.59
.58
.65
.52
.60
.52
.57
.55
.61
.51
.55
.58
.49
.57
.58
.49
.52
,56
.57
.50
.47
.54
.58
.51
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.13
.09
.12
.13
.13
.13
.12
.12
.12
.13
.13
.12
.09
.13
.13
.13
.13
.13
.13
.13
.09
.13
.13
.09
.13
.09
.13
.12
.13
.09
.12
.09
.13
.13
.13
.12
.09
.13
.09
pCi/l+2s
8
-1
1
3
6
2
4
2
7
1
-2
3
2
1
-1
5
6
4
0
4
2
1
-3
1
5
4
4
1
2
1
1
3
0
0
2
-2
5
1
0
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
5
7
5
7
7
7
5
7
5
7
7
7
7
5
7
5
lHUga 1J1,.
PCi/l+2s
-3
-3
-2
2
-3
-6
4
-6
-6
-1
-2
3
8
3
-3
-2
4
-3
2
-4
2
-1
-3
-7
-3
3
3
-1
-4
-1
-2
-3
2
5
5
-1
-1
-3
-2
9
6
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
6
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
6
9
9
6
9
6
9
9
9
6
9
6
9
9
9
9
6
9
6
pCi/l+2s
2
4
0
3
5
7
1
-4
4
3
5
5
-1
-4
2
1
5
6
4
3
3
1
5
4
4
5
1
2
3
4
-1
3
2
-1
3
3
4
5
3
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
5
7
5
7
7
7
5
7
5
7
7
7
7
5
7
5
42
-------
TABLE 23 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
OCTOBER 1985
LOCATION
PC:CRISTOBAL
PR:SAN JUAN
SC:CHARLESTON
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:MEMPHIS
TX:AUSTIN
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SEATTLE
WI:MILWAUKEE
WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
10/31/85
10/18/85
10/14/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 8/85
10/29/85
10/22/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 9/85
10/16/85
10/ 7/85
10/ 1/85
10/ 8/85
K
Cs Ba iJJ>I
g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.49
.62
.45
.56
.61
.57
.60
.48
.57
.45
.48
.63
.53
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.12
.13
.08
.13
.13
.13
.13
.12
.13
.08
.12
.13
.13
pCi/l+2s
12
7
6
0
2
2
0
5
1
5
4
3
1
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
pCi/l+2s
2
-2
-1
-2
-2
0
-3
2
-4
0
0
1
4
9
9
6
9
9
9
9
9
9
6
9
9
9
PCi/l+2s
7
2
7
3
-1
7
3
1
1
1
0
-1
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
43
-------
TABLE 24
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
NOVEMBER 1985
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:LOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CArSAN FRANCISCO
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
FL:TAMPA
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WICHITA
KY:LOUISVILLE
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
ME PORTLAND
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MN:ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:MINOT
NE:OMAHA
NH:MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
NM:ALBUQUERQUE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:BUFFALO
NY:NEW YORK CITY
DATE
COLLECTED
11/21/85
III 5/85
III 7/85
11/20/85
III 4/85
11/12/85
11/29/85
III 4/85
III 5/85
III 4/85
11/12/85
III 4/85
11/14/85
III 4/85
ll/ 4/85
III 6/85
ll/ 5/85
11/18/85
ll/ 5/85
ll/ 1/85
III 5/85
ll/ 8/85
ll/ 4/85
III 4/85
ll/ 5/85
III 8/85
ll/ 6/85
ll/ 4/85
11/13/85
11/19/85
11/21/85
III 8/85
III 4/85
ll/ 4/85
11/12/85
III 4/85
11/12/85
ll/ 4/85
K
LJ/n itUr.- 1-'-LT
\* o -Do -*•
g/l±2s
1.41
1.46
1.34
1.54
1.57
1.55
1.47
1.52
1.61
1.49
1.72
1.50
1.55
1.43
1.44
1.60
1.50
1.60
1.52
1.57
1.51
1.56
1.54
1.65
1.49
1.68
1.66
1.47
1.57
1.82
1.97
1.31
1.57
1.57
1.52
1.74
1.60
1.56
0.12
0.12
0.08
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.09
0.13
0.09
0.12
0.13
0.08
0.09
0.12
0.12
0.13
0.12
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.12
0.13
0.13
0.12
0.13
0.25
0.25
0.12
0.09
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
pCi/l+2s
7
5
-1
0
0
1
4
5
3
3
2
4
1
1
4
0
-1
4
-1
-1
6
0
4
4
4
5
-1
6
4
7
12
-3
5
4
4
6
-2
3
7
7
5
7
7
7
5
7
5
7
7
5
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
18
18
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
pCi/l+2s
-2
3
3
-6
0
-7
-6
-1
-5
-4
-2
-5
0
3
5
3
-5
1
-1
0
-3
-1
2
-2
4
-8
-6
-1
-5
19
-5
3
-2
-4
-2
2
-5
0
9
9
6
9
9
9
6
9
6
9
9
6
6
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
19
19
9
6
9
9
9
9
9
pCi/l+2s
8
-2
2
-1
1
4
3
-2
2
1
1
2
-1
0
0
2
3
-1
3
4
2
2
-2
0
-2
0
5
-2
3
3
3
5
5
3
3
7
2
6
7
7
5
7
7
7
5
7
5
7
7
5
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
14
14
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
44
-------
TABLE 24 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
NOVEMBER 1985
LOCATION
NY:SYRACUSE
OH:CINCINNATI
OH:CLEVELAND
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA PHILADELPHIA
PA'.PITTSBURGH
PR:SAN JUAN
SD:RAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TX:AUSTIN
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SEATTLE
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
ll/ 4/85
ll/ 4/85
ll/ 4/85
11/18/85
ll/ 5/85
11/12/85
ll/ 5/85
11/22/85
ll/ 4/85
ll/ 4/85
ll/ 4/85
ll/ 6/85
ll/ 5/85
11/13/85
ll/ 8/85
11/14/85
11/18/85
ll/ 5/85
137« 140»a
K
8/l±2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
.63
.46
.56
.63
.50
.58
.66
.55
.57
.53
.56
.51
.60
.58
.51
.52
.70
.45
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.09
.12
.09
.13
.12
.09
.24
.13
.09
.13
.13
.09
.13
.13
.13
.13
.11
.12
LS
pCi/l+2s
0
2
0
7
3
2
-2
6
0
1
5
0
2
6
0
2
-2
9
5
7
5
7
7
5
18
7
5
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
LJCL
pCi/l+2s
1
3
4
1
-4
2
3
3
-1
0
-4
-1
-5
-7
-4
-4
3
-2
6
9
6
9
9
6
19
9
6
9
9
6
9
9
9
9
131r
pCi/l+2s
3
5
2
1
2
-3
-2
5
5
14
s SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
45
-------
TABLE 25
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
DECEMBER 1985
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ-.PHOENIX
CA:LOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CA:SAN FRANCISCO
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
FL:TAMPA
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
ILrCHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS!WICHITA
KY: LOUISVILLE
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
ME:PORTLAND
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MN:ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND.-MINOT
NE:OMAHA
NH:MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
NM:ALBUQUERQUE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:BUFFALO
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:SYRACUSE
DATE
COLLECTED
12/
12/
12/
6/85
1/85
6/85
12/19/85
12/
4/85
12/11/85
12/31/85
12/
12/
2/85
3/85
12/19/85
12/
12/
121
12/
12/
12/
3/85
3/85
2/85
2/85
9/85
3/85
12/19/85
12/
12/
12/
12/
12/
12/
12/
12/
12/
12/
12/
12/
3/85
6/85
3/85
6/85
2/85
2/85
3/85
5/85
4/85
3/85
6/85
9/85
12/18/85
12/
12/
12/
12/
12/
12/
12/
12/
6/85
2/85
5/85
9/85
9/85
9/85
2/85
2/85
K
137P^ 140^
oS .Del
g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.51
.54
.51
.51
.63
.53
.61
.60
.50
.47
.58
.53
.45
.56
.56
.45
.58
.57
.59
.58
.57
.61
.46
.84
.59
.53
.49
.48
.56
.54
.48
.49
.60
.54
.65
.57
.54
.61
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
09
13
13
13
09
13
13
13
12
12
13
13
12
13
09
12
13
09
09
13
13
09
12
25
13
13
12
12
24
09
12
12
13
09
13
09
13
13
pCi/l+2s
4
5
7
4
5
4
3
-1
5
3
6
3
1
0
1
3
11
-1
1
0
2
1
0
18
3
3
1
-1
-2
7
1
4
-1
0
5
1
4
4
5
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
5
5
7
7
5
7
18
7
7
7
7
18
5
7
7
7
5
7
5
7
7
pCi/l+2s
-5
-6
-6
7
-3
6
2
2
" -4
0
-4
-3
-2
2
-1
-4
5
1
0
1
-2
-3
-1
-12
-1
-5
-4
2
5
7
0
2
-1
-4
1
1
-3
-3
6
9
9
9
6
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
6
9
9
6
6
9
9
6
9
18
9
9
9
9
19
6
9
9
9
6
9
6
9
9
131X
pCi/l+2s
-3
-1
-4
4
0
0
7
7
1
8
7
-1
2
0
2
6
1
-2
-1
-8
3
2
0
1
-1
2
-3
1
-4
34
-4
-3
-5
4
-5
2
1
-2
5
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
5
5
7
7
5
7
14
7
7
7
7
14
21
7
7
7
5
7
5
7
7
46
-------
TABLE 25 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
DECEMBER 1985
LOCATION
OH:CINCINNATI
OH:CLEVELAND
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA PHILADELPHIA
PA PITTSBURGH
PC:CRISTOBAL
PR:SAN JUAN
SC:CHARLESTON
SD:RAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:MEMPHIS
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SEATTLE
WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
12/ 5/85
12/ 2/85
12/ 3/85
12/ 2/85
12/ 2/85
12/10/85
12/19/85
12/13/85
12/19/85
12/ 2/85
12/ 2/85
12/ 2/85
12/18/85
12/ 2/85
12/11/85
12/ 5/85
12/ 9/85
12/ 5/85
K
1^7 1 Afl
•L J / /I J-HwUrt
Cs oa
g/l±2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.48
.45
.27
.40
.55
.56
.55
.54
.56
.51
.56
.52
.60
.60
.57
.55
.53
.70
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
s
.12
.12
.12
.12
.13
.13
.13
.13
.13
.13
.13
.13
.09
.13
.13
.13
.09
.13
PCi/l+2s
3
2
6
-2
-2
2
12
4
6
3
2
3
5
0
-4
0
5
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
5
7
pCi/l+2s
-4
-1
1
-1
2
-6
9
-3
8
2
3
5
4
0
3
-5
-5
-7
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
6
9
9
9
6
9
131!
pCi/l+2s
3
2
6
-2
3
2
5
2
8
-6
-7
-1
13
-3
0
3
-1
0
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
7
7
7
5
7
s SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
47
-------
TABLE 26
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
JANUARY 1986
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:LOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CA:SAN FRANCISCO
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
FL:TAMPA
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WICHITA
KY:LOUISVILLE
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
ME:PORTLAND
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MN:ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE
NDrMINOT,
NE:OMAHA
NH:MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
NM:ALBUQUERQUE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:BUFFALO
NY:NEW YORK CITY
DATE
COLLECTED
1/10/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 9/86
1/17/86
I/ 2/86
1/14/86
1/31/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 7/86
1/29/86
I/ 7/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 7/86
I/ 7/86
1/27/86
I/ 7/86
I/ 3/86
II 7/86
1/10/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 8/86
1/10/86
I/ 8/86
I/ 6/86
11 8/86
1/13/86
1/23/86
1/10/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 8/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 7/86
1/21/86
I/ 6/86
K
g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.62
.57
.53
.59
.47
.60
.43
.59
.56
.61
.64
.55
.54
.56
.63
.64
.51
.51
.62
.65
.67
.50
.61
.58
.53
.61
.59
.58
.54
.48
.59
.26
.57
.39
.51
.64
.56
.58
0.13
0.09
0.13
0.13
0.12
0.13
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.08
.09
.13
.13
.09
.09
.13
.09
.13
.13
.13
.13
.13
.13
.24
.12
.13
.13
.13
.13
.13
.13
.13
.24
.13
.12
.13
.24
.13
0.09
0
.13
0.09
1J'(
:s
pCi/l+2s
5
4
-1
3
1
0
4
-1
8
4
4
3
-1
-1
4
4
2
3
2
6
9
3
0
-1
5
5
10
0
2
16
-1
-1
3
7
1
2
1
-3
7
5
7
7
7
7
5
5
7
7
5
5
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
18
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
18
7
7
7
18
7
5
7
5
IHUi
Ja
pCi/l+2s
0
4
-2
-5
1
-3
-3
-4
3
3
-2
-1
2
-8
-4
-3
3
5
-2
-1
13
-1
-8
-2
1
-1
1
0
4
15
6
-1
0
0
-1
4
0
-2
9
6
9
9
9
9
6
6
9
9
6
6
9
6
9
9
9
9
9
9
19
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
19
9
9
9
18
9
6
9
6
ui]
[
pCi/l+2s
0
2
5
1
9
5
2
-1
4
4
1
2
2
-2
3
3
0
3
0
2
7
0
3
1
0
2
4
2
2
-1
3
3
-1
6
-2
2
4
-1
7
5
7
7
7
7
5
5
7
7
5
5
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
14
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
14
7
7
7
14
7
5
7
5
48
-------
TABLE 26(CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
JANUARY 1986
LOCATION
NY:SYRACUSE
OH:CINCINNATI
OH:CLEVELAND
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
PA:PHILADELPHIA
PA PITTSBURGH
PC:CRISTOBAL
PR:SAN JUAN
SC:CHARLESTON
SD:RAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TNrKNOXVILLE
TN:MEMPHIS
TX:AUSTIN
UTsSALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SEATTLE
WI:MILWAUKEE
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
I/ 6/86
1/15/86
I/ 6/86
1/13/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 8/86
1/30/86
1/17/86
1/22/86
I/ 8/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 6/86
1/29/86
I/ 8/86
I/ 6/86
1/15/86
I/ 6/86
I/ 6/86
1/13/86
1/21/86
I/ 8/86
K
g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.58
.51
.57
.56
.49
.68
.33
.48
.51
.53
.51
.78
.51
.55
.55
.53
.65
.58
.53
.75
.66
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
,13
09
13
13
12
13
12
12
13
09
09
25
13
13
13
09
13
09
13
24
13
j. j/
Cs
pCi/l+2s
-1
0
8
2
4
1
12
0
6
1
1
-9
0
2
3
3
3
3
5
12
4
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
18
7
7
7
5
7
5
7
18
7
mvj
'Ba
PCi/l+2s
-2
1
5
0
1
-3
1
1
-1
1
-3
-2
3
1
3
-1
1
-5
-1
-5
-1
9
6
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
6
6
18
9
9
9
6
9
6
9
18
9
iji
I
pCi/l+2s
-3
4
3
8
2
6
1
3
3
4
3
11
2
7
0
4
-5
-3
3
4
4
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
14
7
7
7
5
7
5
7
14
7
SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
49
-------
TABLE 27
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
FEBRUARY 1986
LOCATION
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:LOS ANGELES
CA:SACRAMENTO
CArSAN FRANCISCO
CO:DENVER
CT:HARTFORD
FL:TAMPA
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WICHITA
KY:LOUISVILLE
LA:NEW ORLEANS
MA:BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
ME:PORTLAND
MI: DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN:MINNEAPOLIS
MN:ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
MT:HELENA
NC:CHARLOTTE.
ND:MINOT
NE:OMAHA
NH:MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
NM:ALBUQUERQUE
NV:LAS VEGAS
NY:BUFFALO
NY:NEW YORK CITY
NY:SYRACUSE
DATE
COLLECTED
21 6/86
2/12/86
21 6/86
2/20/86
2f 3/86
2/19/86
2/27/86
21 3/86
2/ 4/86
2/11/86
21 3/86
2/ 4/86
21 5/86
2/ 3/86
21 5/86
2/ 4/86
2/14/86
21 4/86
2/ 7/86
2/ 5/86
21 7/86
2/ 3/86
21 3/86
2/ 4/86
2/ 6/86
21 5/86
2/ 3/86
2/14/86
2/11/86
2/20/86
2/ 7/86
21 3/86
2/ 5/86
2/10/86
2/10/86
21 4/86
2/ 3/86
2/10/86
K
u/Cg J-^Ba 1JiI
g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
•
•
•
•
*
•
•
•
•
•
t
•
»
•
•
*
•
•
•
•
•
•
*
•
*
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
49
50
43
41
55
55
55
57
58
39
69
67
63
47
44
50
54
57
59
47
61
60
60
54
62
59
62
54
75
57
13
60
58
50
.54
•
57
.55
•
60
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.12
.13
.12
.12
.13
.13
.13
.13
.13
.12
.13
.13
.09
.08
.08
.12
.13
.09
.13
.12
.13
.13
.13
.13
.13
.13
.13
.13
.24
.13
.12
.13
.13
.12
.09
.09
.13
.13
pd/l+2s
0
1
-2
6
0
1
3
3
6
0
-1
-1
-1
5
4
1
5
8
-1
-1
-1
3
-3
0
2
6
5
2
19
3
3
-1
1
-5
3
1
-1
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
5
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
18
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
7
7
pCi/l+2s
1
1
4
1
3
-4
-2
-4
-3
0
-9
6
-4
2
-3
-4
-1
-2
-5
2
-7
-5
1
-6
1
0
-4
-6
-22
-1
1
-7
4
-5
0
-3
-4
-2
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
6
6
6
9
9
6
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
18
9
9
9
9
9
6
6
9
9
pCi/l+2s
1
2
-1
5
6
11
5
-2
1
4
-3
-1
1
3
4
1
3
-2
2
-7
-2
-2
-5
8
3
3
1
5
4
2
0
4
6
2
1
6
1
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
5
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
14
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
7
7
50
-------
TABLE 27 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
FEBRUARY 1986
LOCATION
OH:CINCINNATI
OH:CLEVELAND
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
PA PHILADELPHIA
PA PITTSBURGH
PC .-CRISTOBAL
PR:SAN JUAN
SC:CHARLESTON
SD:RAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:MEMPHIS
TX:AUSTIN
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SEATTLE
WI:MILWAUKEE
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
21 5/86
2/11/86
21 3/86
21 3/86
21 4/86
2/26/86
2/13/86
2/14/86
2/ 3/86
21 3/86
2/ 3/86
2/26/86
2/18/86
2/ 3/86
2/12/86
2/ 4/86
2/10/86
2/28/86
2/24/86
2/ 4/86
K
g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.46
.57
.81
.52
.48
.54
.56
.49
.59
.49
.66
.68
.54
.49
.46
.45
.51
.61
.76
.68
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.12
.13
.25
.09
.12
.13
.13
.12
.13
.12
.17
.24
.13
.12
.12
.12
.13
.09
.25
.13
ij/
Cs
pCi/l+2s
3
3
14
1
4
17
-2
8
-1
1
8
-5
1
-3
0
3
4
5
7
0
7
7
18
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
13
18
7
7
7
7
7
5
18
7
imj
Ba
pCi/l+2s
8
0
-3
2
-5
1
0
-2
\
-1
11
13
2
-8
3
-1
1
3
10
2
9
9
19
6
9
9
9
9
9
9
13
19
9
9
9
9
9
6
19
9
101
I
pCi/l+2s
-1
4
-7
-1
5
5
4
2
-3
-3
-10
14
4
3
4
5
4
7
5
-3
7
7
14
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
10
14
7
7
7
7
7
5
14
7
SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
51
-------
TABLE 28
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
MARCH 1986
LOCATION
AK:PALMER
AL:MONTGOMERY
AR:LITTLE ROCK
AZ:PHOENIX
CA:SACRAMENTO
COrDENVER
CT:HARTFORD
GA:ATLANTA
HI:HONOLULU
IA:DES MOINES
ID:IDAHO FALLS
IL:CHICAGO
IN:INDIANAPOLIS
KS:WICHITA
KY:LOUISVILLE
MA:BOSTON
MD:BALTIMORE
ME:PORTLAND
MI:DETROIT
MI:GRAND RAPIDS
MN MINNEAPOLIS
MN:ST. PAUL
MO:KANSAS CITY
MO:ST. LOUIS
MS:JACKSON
NC:CHARLOTTE
ND:MINOT
NE:OMAHA
NH:MANCHESTER
NJ:TRENTON
NM:ALBUQUERQUE
NY .-BUFFALO
NY:SYRACUSE
OH CINCINNATI
OH CLEVELAND
OK:OKLAHOMA CITY
OR:PORTLAND
PA PHILADELPHIA
DATE
COLLECTED
3/24/86
3/ 7/86
3/12/86
3/ 6/86
3/ 4/86
3/31/86
3/ 3/86
3/ 7/86
3/ 4/86
3/ 4/86
3/17/86
3/10/86
3/ 3/86
3/ 3/86
3/ 4/86
3/ 4/86
3/ 7/86
3/ 4/86
3/ 6/86
3/ 3/86
3/10/86
3/ 4/86
3/ 6/86
3/ 5/86
3/ 4/86
3/11/86
3/17/86
3/ 7/86
3/ 4/86
3/ 5/86
3/ 3/86
3/19/86
3/ 3/86
3/19/86
3/ 3/86
3/10/86
3/ 3/86
3/ 3/86
K
g/l+2s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
•
•
*
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
*
*
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
54
50
48
48
60
47
57
46
71
56
54
68
54
47
51
61
55
60
60
51
62
80
55
44
49
71
59
44
53
57
72
56
67
43
54
56
54
45
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.13
.09
.12
.12
.09
.12
.13
.12
.13
.13
.13
.13
.13
.12
.13
.13
.09
.09
.13
.13
.13
.25
.13
.08
.13
.24
.13
.12
.13
.13
.13
.13
.09
.12
.13
.13
.09
.12
u/
Cs
pCi/l+2s
8
8
0
3
1
2
5
7
-2
0
1
-3
5
2
2
7
3
4
5
-1
3
7
3
5
8
8
0
4
6
6
2
4
4
-4
0
1
6
10
7
5
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
7
7
7
18
7
5
7
18
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
5
7
14U
Ba
pCi/l+2s
1
-1
0
1
1
7
0
-3
2
-4
-3
3
7
-2
6
1
0
0
-3
2
0
0
-1
2
10
-9
-3
0
-5
1
2
-3
0
8
1
4
-5
3
9
6
9
9
6
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
6
6
9
9
9
19
9
6
9
18
9
9
9
9
9
9
6
9
9
9
6
9
131
I
pCi/l+2s
2
2
1
7
5
2
6
5
5
1
1
-1
5
6
1
6
4
4
7
4
4
17
-1
3
7
0
0
7
3
5
6
7
4
7
5
-5
4
5
7
5
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
7
7
7
14
7
5
7
14
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
5
7
52
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TABLE 28 (CONTINUED)
CONCENTRATIONS OF RADIONUCLIDES IN PASTEURIZED MILK
MARCH 1986
LOCATION
PA:PITTSBURGH
PC:CRISTOBAL
PR:SAN JUAN
SC:CHARLESTON
SD:RAPID CITY
TN:CHATTANOOGA
TN:KNOXVILLE
TN:MEMPHIS
TX:AUSTIN
TX:AUSTIN
UT:SALT LAKE CITY
VA:NORFOLK
VT:BURLINGTON
WA:SEATTLE
WI:MILWAUKEE
WV:CHARLESTON
WY:LARAMIE
DATE
COLLECTED
3/ 5/86
3/24/86
3/27/86
3/26/86
3/ 3/86
3/ 3/86
3/ 4/86
3/26/86
3/18/86
3/ 6/86
3/ 3/86
3/13/86
3/ 3/86
3/10/86
3/31/86
3/18/86
3/ 4/86
K
g/l±2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.54
.56
.49
.53
.56
.52
.53
.47
.49
.55
.50
.57
.57
.53
.52
.71
.56
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
s
.13
.13
.12
.13
.13
.13
.24
.12
.12
.09
.08
.13
.13
.13
.13
.24
.13
137
Cs
pCi/l+2s
4
9
1
6
11
6
8
0
-1
2
3
5
5
3
4
1
4
7
7
7
7
7
7
18
7
7
5
5
7
7
7
7
18
7
140
Ba
pCi/l+2s
1
-4
3
-3
2
-1
8
2
-7
2
-3
-5
-3
-6
-3
-15
0
9
9
9
9
9
9
19
9
9
6
6
9
9
9
9
18
9
131
I
pCi/l+2s
2
-1
1
2
8
2
-2
5
-2
3
5
4 /\
10
3
0
7
7
7
7
7
7
14
7
14
SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
53
-------
TABLE 29
STRONTIUM-90 AND STRONTIUM-89 IN PASTEURIZED MILK
EPA REGIONAL COMPOSITES
OCTOBER - DECEMBER 1985
EPA 9°Sr 89sr
REGION pCi/1 + 2s pCi/1 + 2s*
I 1.8 0.7 1 1
II 2.5 0.7 0 1
III 1.4 0.7 2 1
IV 1.9 0.4 1 i
V 2.2 0.7 0 1
VI 2.1 0.3 1 1
VII 2.3 0.7 0 1
VIII 1.8 0.2 0 0
IX 1.2 0.9 0 2
X 1.9 0.3 -1 1
s SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
s* ANALYTICAL ERROR TERM WHICH CLOSELY APPROXIMATES
THE COUNTING ERROR
54
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TABLE 30
STRONTIUM-90 AND STRONTIUM-89 IN PASTEURIZED MILK
EPA REGIONAL COMPOSITES
JANUARY - MARCH 1986
EPA 9°Sr 89Sr
REGION pCi/1 + 2s pCi/1 + 2s*
I 1.7 0.6 3 2
II 1.7 0.5 3 1
III 2.0 1.1 1 4
IV 2.7 0.8 -2 2
V 2.9 1.0 -1 3
VI 2.1 0.7 1 2
VII 2,2 1.0 -1 4
VIII 1.9 0.8 -1 2
IX 1.0 1.4 1 5
X 1.2 0.5 1 2
SIGMA COUNTING ERROR
ANALYTICAL ERROR TERM V/HICH CLOSELY APPROXIMATES
THE COUNTING ERROR
55
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Carbon-14 in Milk
Nine stations, chosen for wide geographical distribution,
contribute milk samples for annual analysis for carbon-14. These
samples have monitored the carbon-14 levels in the food chain
resulting from nuclear testing.
Analysis consists of combusting the samples and measuring
released carbon dioxide through liquid scintillation.
Data will be published as it becomes available.
56
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION DATA (ERD) is published quarterly
(January, April, July, October) by the U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency's Office of Radiation Programs.
Requests for information concerning publication and distribution
of ERD should be directed to:
Charles M. Petko
Technical Support Branch
Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility
1890 Federal Drive
Montgomery, Alabama 36109
Requests for information concerning the operation of ERAMS
should be directed to:
Charles R. Phillips, Chief
Monitoring and Analytical Services Branch
Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility
1890 Federal Drive
Montgomery, Alabama 36109
or to:
James W. Gunter, Chief
Environmental Studies and Statistics
Analysis and Support Division (ANRr-461)
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Waterside Mall East
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
***
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