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 Literature Review
   and Report:
 Surface Sediment
 Sampler Database

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   LITERATURE REVIEW AND REPORT

SURFACE SEDIMENT SAMPLER DATABASE

      GSA Contract No. GS-10F-0076K
         Order No. T0903BHD4832


               Prepared for:
          Brian Schumacher, Ph.D.
    U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
    National Exposure Research Laboratory
  Environmental Sciences Division, Las Vegas
    Characterization and Monitoring Branch
              P.O. Box 93478
        Las Vegas, Nevada 89193-3478
               Prepared by:
            Tetra Tech EM Inc.
       250 W. Court Street, Suite 200W
           Cincinnati, Ohio 45202
       Project No. G1058.3.1.03.104.02

               July 24, 2003

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                                         NOTICE

The information in this document has been prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) under the General Services Contract No. GS-10F-0076K, Order Number T0903BHD4832.  This
document is a preliminary draft.  It has not been formally released by the EPA and should not at this stage
be construed to represent Agency policy.  It is being circulated for comments on its technical merit and
policy implications. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement
or recommendation for use.

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                                          ABSTRACT

A literature review was conducted to identify available surface sediment sampling technologies with an
ability to collect undisturbed sediments to depths of up to 1 meter below the water sediment interface.
This survey was conducted using published literature and references, Environmental Protection Agency
reports, professional sources, journal articles, internet web sites, sales brochures, and other sources as
identified. For each piece of sampling equipment or sampling tool identified during the literature search,
the following information was collected: general description of the equipment or tool, including its size,
shape, weight, and composition; manufacturer's name, address, phone number, and email; a picture of the
equipment or tool; the general mechanism of operation; sample volume collected; chemical and physical
compatibility concerns; labor requirements; cost; and other requirements such as electrical power or
specialized training.

Sampling methodologies included in this investigation are grab or core types of sampling devices, as
these types are most typically used in collecting surface sediments.  In this review, 40 samplers were
identified that included 13 grab samplers and 27 core samplers. Grab samplers included in the review are
the Ponar, Birge-Ekman, Van Veen, Peterson, Mud Snapper, Scoopfish, Shipek, Smith-Mclntyre, and
others. Core samplers included in the review are the piston, splitcore, box, Vibracore, Mackereth,
Ballchek, Craib, Gomex, Phleger, and others.  These technologies were identified through contacts with
centers of contaminated sediments expertise and included in the study. Vendors were solicited to provide
required information for the report.

All information collected in the literature search phase is maintained in an Access® database.  Pictures of
equipment will be maintained in digital PDF or JPEG file formats in a sediment sampler picture file
directory associated with the database.  Information contained in the database is provided in the Appendix
to this report.
                                                11

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                          TABLE OF CONTENTS


Section                                                            Page


1.0   INTRODUCTION 	 1


2.0   SURFACE-SEDIMENT SAMPLER LITERATURE SEARCH 	2


3.0   SELECTING DEVICES OR TOOLS FOR SEDIMENT SAMPLE
     COLLECTION 	;	 3


4.0   SEDIMENT SAMPLERS	 5


5.0   SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 	 13


6.0   REFERENCES 	 16




Tables


3-1   GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECT GRAB SAMPLERS 	 6


3-2   GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECT CORE SAMPLERS 	 10




Appendix


SURFACE SEDIMENT SAMPLER DATABASE
                                  111

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                                   1.0   INTRODUCTION

This surface sediment sampling technologies report was prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency's (EPA) Office of Research and Development (ORD), National Exposure Research Laboratory
(NERL), Environmental Sciences Division (ESD), Characterization and Monitoring Branch (CMB) in
Las Vegas, Nevada. EPA NERL's ESD conducts research programs on environmental exposures to
ecological and human receptors, as well as develops methods for characterizing chemical and physical
stressors. ESD also conducts analytical chemistry research and applies advanced monitoring technology
to issues involving surface and subsurface contamination. CMB develops, evaluates, applies, and
validates technologies and approaches for cost-effective monitoring and assessment of surface and
subsurface environments.  The Branch's research and technical support address questions about
monitoring for site characterization, pollution prevention, the detection and assessment of contaminants,
and decision support systems for site characterization and the evaluation of exposure. The  goal of this
study was to conduct a literature review to identify available surface sediment sampling technologies. For
the purposes of this investigation, surface sediment is defined as any depth of sediment up to 1 meter
from the overlying water/sediment interface.

The surface sediment sampling technologies study was initiated as a result of findings from a study
conducted by the Committee on Remediation of PCB-Contaminated Sediments, which was established by
the National Research Council (NRC). The findings of this study identified the need for the ability to
collect undisturbed surface sediment samples.  NRC published a report in 2001 titled "A Risk-
Management Strategy for PCB-Contaminated Sediment," which discussed the findings of this study in
more detail (NRC 2001).  EPA's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program and the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Status and Trends Program are also
interested in surface sediment sampling technologies because their studies focus on the characterization of
recent environmental impacts to lakes, estuaries, and coastal waters (EPA 2001).

Tetra Tech EM Inc. (Tetra Tech) prepared this report to summarize the results of the surface sediment
sampling technologies literature review that will be used by EPA and others in identifying and developing
or modifying a sediment sampling device or tool for collecting an undisturbed surface sediment sample.
Specifically, Tetra Tech was responsible for the following: (1) conducting a survey using published
literature and references, EPA reports, professional sources, journal articles, internet web sites, and other

                                               1

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sources as identified; (2) collecting and reviewing accessible information for each sampling tool or
device, including a general description of the equipment or tool, manufacturer information, a picture of
the equipment or tool, general mechanism of operation, sample volume collected, compatibility concerns,
labor requirements, cost, and other requirements such as electrical power or specialized training; and (3)
development of a database in Microsoft Access® format to compile information attained during the
literature review.

This section describes the background, purpose, and need for the study.  Section 2.0 provides
considerations for selection of sediment sampling equipment. Section 3.0 discusses the two most
commonly used types of sediment sampling devices, grab and core samplers, which are typically used to
assess surficial sediment characteristics.  Section 4.0 provides a summary and status of the sediment
sampling technologies study. Section 5.0 provides a list of references.  The appendix includes a
description of each sediment sampling device or tool attained during the literature review and included in
the database,

               2.0  SURFACE-SEDIMENT SAMPLER LITERATURE SEARCH

This survey was conducted using published literature and references, EPA and U.S. Geological Survey
(USGS) reports and documents, professional sources, journal articles, internet web sites, and sales
catalogs in order to identify sediment samplers. For each piece of sampling equipment or sampling tool
identified during the literature search, Tetra Tech collected the following information: general
description of the equipment or tool, including its size, shape, weight, and composition; manufacturer's
name, address, phone number, and email; a picture of the equipment or tool; the general mechanism of   -
operation; sample volume collected; chemical and physical compatibility concerns; labor requirement;
cost; and other requirements such as electrical power or specialized training. Sampling device vendors
were contacted whenever possible to confirm literature search findings and to request additional
information needed to complete data gaps.

Candidate samplers identified in the literature review were evaluated to determine whether they possessed
sufficiently unique characteristics in order to classify as a new sampler or a different model under an
existing classified sampler. Of the 85 sediment samplers identified in the literature review, there were 40
unique classified samplers that included 13 grab samplers and 27 core samplers.

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All information collected in the literature search was maintained in an ACCESS database. Pictures of
equipment will be maintained in digital PDF or JPEG file format as a bound object within a sediment
sampler picture file directory associated with the database.

 The database maintains each of the 40 unique sediment sampler types in a separate record. Different
identified models of a classified sampler are presented in a single record. Details of a specific sampler are
presented in a specially designed screen that contains sampler data property fields as well as feature fields
that discuss general description, operation, chemical and physical compatibility, and training and other
requirements. A section that presents the manufacturer information and cost data is at the bottom of the
screen. A JPEG file icon is embedded in this screen in order to permit a call up of a sampler picture file
by placement of the cursor  and clicking on the mouse. The screen also provides the ability to change to a
printer friendly format in order to download a hard copy of sampler data records.

The database possesses a search function table that appears upon opening the database. The database can
be searched according to sampler category (core or grab) or type.  Searchable core samplers include the
gravity, box, piston, manual push, mechanical push, and mechanical oscillation devices.  Searchable grab
samplers include the small dredge, clamshell bucket, mechanical trap, and manual trap devices. Starting
with a general idea of a type of sampler, a user of the database can display specific records of samplers
that correspond to the input sampler type.


    3.0   SELECTING DEVICES OR TOOLS FOR SEDIMENT SAMPLE COLLECTION

Selection of the appropriate sediment sampling device or tool must first be determined based on the data
quality objectives for the project. No individual sediment sampler is appropriate for every objective and
environmental setting.  More than one sampling approach may be required for an investigation involving
an assessment of the horizontal and vertical distribution of sediment contaminants of concern or benthos.
Studies indicate that most samplers were designed primarily for collection of sediments for benthos or
particle-size analysis and generally are inadequate for collecting undisturbed samples for chemical and
mineralogical analysis. Studies have also shown that most sediment sampling equipment is not designed
for collecting samples from the water/sediment interface (USGS 1997). Considerations for selecting a
sampler for sediment collection are discussed in more detail below.

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When selecting the sediment sampling equipment, consideration must be given to the safety of the field
team, which may involve accessibility to the sampling site and sampling platform. Accessibility to the
sampling area is an important factor in selection of the sampling equipment. When working in remote
areas, considerations may include a boat, plane, helicopter, bridge, ice, scuba, wading, or a cable way.
Other considerations may include the weight of equipment to be transported and the lifting capacity of
winch, boom, crane, A-frame, or other support equipment that can be safely operated from a platform
where sampling will take place (EPA 2001).

Limitations of sampling equipment are another factor that needs to be evaluated and may include physical
disturbance of sediments, retention of fine-grained sediments, penetration depth, and limitations due to
the physical character of the sediment type, such as particle size and degree of consolidation. Studies
have shown that most sediment samplers are capable of recovering relatively undisturbed samples in soft,
fine-grained sediments, but few can sample consolidated sediments consisting primarily of sand, gravel,
firm clay, or till (EPA 2001).

For most studies, the upper 10 to 15 centimeters is typically the desired depth of penetration because most
benthic organisms are found in this horizon. To limit physical disturbance and loss of fines during
sampling of this upper horizon, a minimum penetration depth of 6 to 8 centimeters is recommended, but
10 to 15 centimeters is preferred.  If contaminated sediment is being linked to organism exposure,
sampling of specific sediment layers may be required. The feeding habits of the organisms of concern
should be considered because some organisms feed at shallow depths and others feed at deeper intervals
(EPA 2001).

Samples of specific sediment layers can provide information on the horizontal distribution of the
contaminants of concern for the most recently deposited material.  This information can be used to map
the distribution of contaminants of concern across a body of water. A column of sediment, including the
surficial and underlying layers, can be used to document historical changes in vertical distribution of
contaminants of concern by characterizing the sediment quality with depth. This information can also be
used to correlate organism exposure to specific sediment layers (EPA 2001).

The physical character of the cross-sectional area to be sampled will also be a determining factor in
selecting the proper sediment sampler.  These physical characters include slope, bathymetry, flow
velocity, sampling depth, and size  and areal distribution of physically different sediment types across the
body of water to be sampled (EPA 2001; USGS 1997).

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Sample volume may be a consideration when selecting a sampler because the required volume of
sediment is typically dependent on the number and type of benthos and/or chemical sample analyses
(EPA 2001).  If the sample is collected for chemical analysis, compatibility concerns with the sampler
construction materials will also need to be evaluated.  Sampler construction materials can leach or be
eroded during sample retrieval, which can impact results of sample analysis (USGS 1997).

                                 4.0    SEDIMENT SAMPLERS

Three main types of sediment sampling devices are available: grab samplers, core samplers, and dredge
samplers. Grab samplers are most commonly used to collect surface sediment in the determination of
horizontal sediment characteristics. Core samplers are used to sample thick sediment deposits or for the
collection of sediment profiles to determine the vertical distribution of sediment characteristics or to
characterize the sediment column.  Dredge samplers are used primarily for collection of benthos (EPA
2001).

Dredge samplers provide inadequate control of sample location, volume, and depth (USGS 1997), cause
disruption of sediment and pore water integrity (EPA 2001), as well as a loss of fine-grained sediments
(EPA 2001). For these reasons, dredge samplers are not typically used for collecting surface sediments;
therefore, only the grab and core samplers are recommended for collecting surface sediments, and are
considered in this evaluation.  Tetra Tech identified 40 different grab and core sediment  samplers during
_the literature review for this study.  A description of each identified sampler is provided  in the Surface
Sediment Sampler Database, which is provided in the appendix to this report.  Grab and  core samplers are
discussed in more detail below.

Grab Samplers
Grab samplers are used to collect information on horizontal surface distribution of sediments. Grab
samplers typically consist of a set of jaws, which shut when lowered to the surface of the sediment or
contain a bucket, and rotates into the bottom when reaching the sediment surface. These samplers are
easy to handle and operate and can be used in a range of substrata (EPA 2001). Tetra Tech identified 13
grab samplers during the literature review for this study that are presented in the database in the appendix.
Table 3-1 lists some general characteristics of select grab samplers.  For additional information about the
samplers listed in the table or other samplers identified in  this study, the sampler database is provided in
the appendix.

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                   TABLE 3-1
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECT GRAB SAMPLERS*
Database
Record
Number





2 of 40








21 of 40









3 of 40











22 of 40





Sampler





Birge-
Ekman








Ponar









Van Veen











Petersen





Sampler
Construction
Material





Stainless steel








Stainless steel
and neoprene
rubber






Stainless
steel;
neoprene
straps; zinc-
plated chain









Zinc-plated
heavy steel





Sampler
Dimensions




IS 1 x IS 1
1 J ,2, A. U.Z.
cm - 30.5 x
30.5 x 30.5
cm







15.2x15.2
cm - 22.9 x
22.9 cm







35 x 70 x
J J A / V A
100 cm











30.5 x 30.5
cm





Sampler
Weight
(Kg)





6.8-9.1








10.0-23









14.0 - 120











5-61.2





Penetration
Depth





10 -30 cm








10 cm









30cm











30cm





Sample
Volume
(L)





3.4- 16








1-8.2









8-75











9.45-9.89





Application
A box-style sediment
sampler which
includes a messenger-
operated release
device; overlapping
cover plates, loosely
hinged at the top of
the box, permit an
outflow of water
during descent, and
close tightly to prevent
wash out of sediment
during ascent.
The device is used in
fresh- and saltwater to
collect samples of
hard sediments such as
sand, gravel,
consolidated material,
or clay. The sampler
is designed for
penetrating deep into
the substrate.
The device can be
used in surging or
rough seas without
premature closure;
designed to descend
vertically through
strong underwater
currents and collects
samples without
excessively disturbing
the sediment.
The device is used in
freshwater for
collecting sediment
samples from sandy,
gravel, or clay
substrates; vent holes
permit water to flow
through while the grab
is being lowered,
minimizing diagonal
movement as well as
reducing the frontal
shock wave generated
by descent.

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                                   TABLE 3-1
      GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECT GRAB SAMPLERS* (CONTINUED)
Database
Record
Number


31 of 40





23 of 40

Sampler


Smith-
Mclntyre




Shipek

Sampler
Construction
Material


Stainless steel




Stainless
steel; cast
alloy steel
Sampler
Dimensions


70 x 70 x 60
cm




10.2 x 15.2 x
IS 2cm

Sampler
Weight
(Kg)


40-100





5-61.2

Penetration
Depth


30cm





10cm

Sample
Volume
(L)


10-20





0.5-3

Application
The device automatically
collects a sediment
sample upon contact
with the substrate and
can be used for sampling
in either shallow or deep
waters.
Sampler is designed to
collect unconsolidated
sediments from deep
lakes and near offshore.
Notes:

* Adapted from USGS 1997.

Kg    Kilogram
L     Liter
cm    Centimeter

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Grab samplers are commonly used when the following general factors apply:

    •   Large volumes of sediment are needed for analysis
    •   Consolidated, large-grained sediments are expected to be encountered in substrate
    •   Large surface area of surficial sediment is needed
    •   Still water to very low current (small grab samplers) and mild to moderate current (large grab
        samplers)

The Van Veen, Ponar, Petersen, and Birge-Ekman devices are the most commonly used grab samplers
because they are effective in most types of substrate and can be used in a variety of environments
including lakes, rivers, estuaries, and marine waters. However, the Birge-Ekman is limited to sampling
unconsolidated, soft sediments. The Van Veen is  selected for several estuarine monitoring programs
because it (1) can sample most types of substrate,  (2) is less susceptible to blockage and loss of sample,
(3) is less susceptible to forming bow waves during descent, and (4) provides high sample integrity
compared to other grab samplers (EPA 2001).

Grab samplers have varying penetration depths depending on the size, shape, and underlying substrate.
Large capacity grab samplers, including the Smith-Mclntyre, Hammond, large Birge-Ekman, Van Veen,
Nemag Valstar, and Petersen  devices, can collect samples from a depth of 30 centimeters. Smaller grab
samplers including the Scoopfish, Mud Snapper, small Birge-Ekman, standard and petite Ponar, and
Shipek devices can collect samples from a depth of 10 centimeters. Grab sampler volumes can range
from 0.5 liters to 95 liters.

Grab samplers are susceptible to washout of fine-grained sediments and dispersion of material in front of
the bow wave created by the sampler during descent. This  washout can significantly impact chemical or
benthos sample analysis, since some organisms can detect the pressure wave of the approaching sampler.
The Ponar, Van Veen, and Ted-Young modified Van Veen grab samplers are equipped with mesh screens
and rubber flaps to cover the jaws to allow water to pass through the sampler during descent. This feature
reduces disturbance from bow waves at the water/sediment interface and washout of sediment samples
during ascent (EPA 2001).

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Core Samplers

Core samplers are used to collect vertical profiles of the sediment. This information can be used to
characterize geologic conditions in substrate and document historical changes in vertical distribution of
contaminants of concern with depth. Core samplers typically use weights or piston devices to drive a
hollow tube into the sediment surface, where a core of sediment is retrieved. The core samplers
generally consist of a removable core liner, which fits into the core barrel and retains the sediment
sample. Most core samplers can be used with different liner materials, including polyvinyl chloride
(PVC), brass, Lexan®, or stainless steel. Compatibility of sample liner material with intended sample
analysis should be determined prior to use.  Tetra Tech identified 29 core samplers during the literature
review for this study.  Table 3-2 provides general characteristics of a representative selection of core
samplers.  For additional information about the samplers listed in the table or other samplers identified in
this study, the sampler database is provided in the appendix.

Core samplers are commonly used when the following general factors apply:

    •  Characterization of contamination in deeper sediments is needed
    •  Documentation of historical changes in vertical distribution of contaminants is needed
    •  Reduced oxygen exposure needed for sample analysis
    •  Soft, fine-grained sediments are expected to be encountered in substrate

These samplers come in various designs, lengths, and diameters and are generally described as hand-held,
gravity, vibracore, box, or piston-core samplers. Most core samplers, with the exception of the hand-held
core samplers, require the use of a winch or crane depending on the size  and weight of the sampler (EPA
2001). Some commonly used hand-held core samplers include the Russian-Type Borer, Ogeechee, and
KC Hand-Operated Sediment Corer. These samplers can be used in a wide range  of sediment types
including soft- to fine- and medium-grained sediments, semi-compacted  material,  as well as peat and
plant roots in shallow bodies of water (EPA 2001).

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                   TABLE 3-2
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECT CORE SAMPLERS*
Database
Record
Number



7 of 40






37 of 40




33 of 40





34 of 40






9 or 40






18 of 40


Sampler


Russian-
Type Borer






Ogeechee




Kajak-
Brinkhurst





Phleger






Piston






Vibracore


Sampler
Construction
Material



Stainless steel



Stainless steel
core tube;
stainless steel
or Lexan®
nose piece;
stainless steel
or plastic core
catcher

Stainless steel





Stainless steel



Stainless steel
frame and core
tube; Lexan®
or stainless
steel nose
piece; stainless
steel or plastic
core catcher



Stainless steel


Sampler
Dimensions

5 cm O.D. x
50 cm in
length - 7.5
cm O.D. x
75 cm in
length



50.8 cm x 5
cm x 243.8
cm x 5 cm




50.8 x 5 cm
- 76.2 x 5
cm




50.8 x 3.6
cm






1.5 x 0.5m -
2x0.5m





102cm -5
l\J4i V11I 
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                                    TABLE 3-2
       GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECT CORE SAMPLERS* (CONTINUED)
Database
Record
Number





38 of 40









36 of 40



Sampler





Boomerang









Alpine



Sampler
Construction
Material





Stainless steel









Stainless steel



Sampler
Dimensions





203.2 x 29.8
xS.l cm









182.9x41.1
cm



Sampler
Weight
(Kg)





74.8









110-155



Penetration
Depth





1m









2m



Sample
Volume
(L)





3.52









1.92-3



Application
A free-falling
sampler designed to
collect sediment
cores without the use
of cable connections
and can be dropped
overboard from small
or large boats
without winch or
deck equipment with
minimal sediment
disturbance.
Sampler has
interchangeable core
barrels that allow for
different penetration
depths. Can collect
samples in soft, fine-
grained semi-
consolidated
sediments.
Notes:
"Adapted from USGS 1997.
Kg    Kilogram
L     Liter
O.D.   Outside diameter
cm    Centimeter
in     Meters
                                        11

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Gravity core samplers are typically used in loosely consolidated, soft- to fine-grained sediments and can
collect core samples up to 3 meters long (EPA 2001). Commonly used gravity samplers include the KC
Sediment Trap, Slide-Hammer Corer, Kajak-Brinkhurst Corer, Phleger, Benthos, Alpine, Boomerang
Corer, and Ballchek Corer.  These samplers are usually deployed using a winch that suspends the sampler
about 5 meters above the sediment to be sampled and allowed to free fall, penetrating the sediment and
forcing the material into the sample liner. Some gravity core samplers, such as the Ballchek Corer, are
equipped with stabilizing fins to provide balance and stability during corer descent.

Vibracorers are the most commonly used core samplers because they can retrieve deep core samples in
most types  of sediment.  Vibracore samplers have an electrically powered vibrating head, which vibrates
vertically along the axis of the sampler to penetrate the sediment.  The core barrel and liner are inserted
into the head of the vibrator and the entire assembly  is lowered into the water. A vibracore sampler can
penetrate compact sediments and collect core samples up to  10 meters long depending on the horsepower
of the vibrating head and weight of the sampler. Larger vibracore samplers require the use of a large boat
to maintain balance and provide adequate lift to break the head of the corer out of the sediment for sample
retrieval (EPA 2001).

Box core samplers are designed to collect samples of mud, silt, and other soft sediments from lakes,
riverine, and lagoon environments.  Box core samplers consist of a box that is equipped with a frame to
add stability during sampling penetration. Box core  samplers come in various sizes and are typically
constructed of stainless steel, aluminum, PVC, or fiberglass. Box core samplers are generally used for
water/sediment interface studies or when large volumes of sediment need to be collected from the depth
profile.  Due to the size of box core samplers, most are deployed from a boat or other vessel that has a
large deck or platform, using a winch or crane with a large lifting capacity (EPA 2001).

Piston-core samplers can collect samples from shallow streams to ocean floors and large lakes up to 20
meters deep. The piston-core sampler comes in a variety of designs and sizes that basically consist of a
cylinder with a piston that is pushed into the streambed. As the cylinder is pushed into the sediment, the
piston is retracted, which creates a suction holding the sediment sample in the cylinder. Piston-core
samplers can be used in most sediment types and can recover relatively undisturbed sediment cores in
deep waters (EPA 2001).
                                               12

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                                5.0   SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

A variety of samplers are available for sampling surficial sediments, and sampler selection should be
based primarily on the data quality objectives established for the project.  Other factors to consider may
include, but are not limited to, accessibility of sampling area, weight of equipment, type of substrate,
sample depth, sample volume, and potential for physical disturbances of substrate. Grab and core
samplers are the preferred samplers for use during most surficial sediment sampling projects, however,
dredge samplers are acceptable for collecting sediment samples for benthos analysis. Grab samplers are
used when large volumes of sediment are required and where accuracy of surficial sediment sampling
depths is not critical. Core samplers are recommended for use when accurate surficial sediment sampling
depths are important, vertical profiles are needed to assess quality of sediment at depth, and it is important
to maintain an oxygen-free environment.

In the consideration of water depth as a factor during sediment sampling, for circumstances where the
water level is less than 4 meters and under low tide conditions, samplers that may be selected include the
Birge-Ekman, Petite Ponar, Van Veen, or Petersen.  If water depth is greater than 4 meters, samplers such
as the Ponar or the Van Veen can be selected. In a limited sampling area it may not be possible to launch
devices off of a boat, or the ability of a boat-launched sampler to reach subsurface may be limited, so it
may be more appropriate to use a manually operated device, with diver assistance as required in
collection of the sample.

Sediment properties must also be considered in the selection of a sampler.  Soft sediments can be sampled
with any of the variety of the clamshell bucket style of grab samplers.  Compacted sediments, on the other
hand, may require additional force to bear on the sediment bed for sample collection, such as that
provided by the weight of a Smith-Mclntyre sampler. The nature and properties of sediment should be
considered during sample planning.

In the sampling of sediments to depths that are less than 10 centimeters, the Birge-Ekman, Ponar, and
Shipek devices are able to provide appropriate sample collection. For sampling of sediment that is up to
30 centimeters in  depth, the Smith-Mclntyre, Van Veen, or Petersen devices might instead by considered
for use since these samplers possess a wider bucket and heavier frame to collect the lower portion depth
level.
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The required volume of collected sediment is also an important factor in selection of sampling devices for
a specific sampling objective. In collecting sediment sample volumes that are less than 3 liters, the mini
Birge-Ekman, Petite Ponar, and mini-Shipek samplers can be used. If sample volume requirements are at
least 3 liters and up to 10 liters in volume, the Birge-Ekman, Ponar, or Petersen samplers that possess
larger buckets can be used. If more than  10 liters of sample is required, the Van Veen or Smith-Mclntyre
samplers should be considered for use as  these types of samplers have the weight to bear into the
sediment and a larger bucket to collect the sediment sample.

Of the variety of sediment samplers available for collecting surficial sediments, most of the innovative
technological progress has been focused on the following:  (1) construction materials that are more
durable and compatible, and facilitate deployment; (2) accuracy and discreteness of sample depth; (3)
sample volume; (4) ability to sample various types of substrate; and (5) ability to minimize physical
disturbance and retain fines.  Several vendors offer different options for currently available surficial
sediment samplers. Extensive information is available about most of the surficial sediment samplers
identified during this study, including sampler use, construction materials, effectiveness, size, penetration
depth, sample volume, costs, and advantages and disadvantages of each sampler.

This study was conducted by EPA to determine if technologies are currently available that can or have the
potential to collect undisturbed surface sediments. Grab samplers are designed to collect horizontal
surface distribution of sediments. However, surface samples collected using  this type of sampler are
perturbed during the sampling process from the water column bow wave induced by descent of the
sampling device. As a result of this perturbation, fine grain particulates in the surface sediment  are
washed out from the sample that is collected. Core samplers, while primarily focused on collection of
vertical profiles, may be useful in collecting surficial sediment; however, in the sample collection process,
disturbance will also occur from washout of fine grains caused by the water column bow wave induced by
descent of the sampling device. Sediment being collected in the core will also be subjected to
compression and consolidation.

The ability to collect and analyze an undisturbed sediment  layer at the water-sediment interface  that is 0.5
to 1.0 centimeters in thickness will provide better information for contaminated sediment impact on water
column and biota risk assessment. To accomplish this sample collection requirement, it will be  necessary
to develop new or modified sampling technologies. The successful technology will  be the one that
eliminates or minimizes the deployment bow wave impact  on the water column which results in washing
out of fine grain sediments during grab sample collection. This will require development of grab sampling
                                               14

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technology that is hydrodynamically designed or deployed to eliminate or minimize the effect.  New
technology must also be successful at eliminating consolidation and compaction that occurs in core
sampling. This will require the development of a core sampling technology that eliminates or minimizes
the impact of the core wall on the sediment that causes the compression. The new or modified sampler
focused on these areas will provide a more accurate representative sample for evaluation which in turn
will provide better information for risk assessment investigations.
                                               15

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                                    6.0   REFERENCES
National Research Council. 2001. A Risk-Management Strategy for PCB-Contaminated Sediments.
        National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 1997. "Great Lakes Dredged Material Testing and Evaluation Manual,
        Appendix C, Information for Tier 1 and Tier 2 Evaluations, variously paged.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2001. "Methods for Collection, Storage and Manipulation of
        Sediments for Chemical and Toxicological Analyses:  Technical Manual."  Office of Water.
        Washington, D.C. EPA/823/B-01/002. October.

U.S. Geological Survey. 1997 to present. National Field Manual for the Collection of Water-Quality
        Data: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, Book 9, Chapters
        A1-A9,2 v., variously paged.
                                             16

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            APPENDIX
SURFACE SEDIMENT SAMPLER DATABASE

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Sampler Category
Core

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Sampler Type Gravity Corer
Number of Personnel Required

Weight (Kg)  110  to 155

General Description
(   Core  )       Name Alpine
          Dimensions  Inner diameter: 4.1 cm;
                       Length: 1.83 m

         Volume (Liters)     1.9 to 3
to   NA
 The Alpine Corer is a steel framed corer for placement in
 collection of sediment cores. The sampler provides a maximum
 penetration depth of approximately 2 meters into the sediment.

 Advantages:
 - The sampler allows variable penetration depths.

 Disadvantages:
 - The sampler is best operated in a low energy environment
 - The device is effective only on loosely consolidated, fine grained
 sediments
 - Inconsistent penetration can be obtained with the use of this
 device.
 - The device compacts sediment samples.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
 Chemical and Physical Compatability

 Steel  core tube, nose piece, core catcher.  Stainless steel is
 compatible organic-contaminated sediments, but is not the
 preferred choice  for metals-contaminated sediments.

 Neoprene valve- Neoprene is compatible with acids and bases,
 peroxides, hydrocarbons, alcohols, and phenols, but is not
 preferred for use with halogenated and aromatic hydrocarbons.
                                Operation

                               Suspended from a winch and cable, the sampler,
                               housed in a steel frame, is lowered into the
                               sediment until the sampler comes to rest.  The
                               neoprene valve on he sampler permits release of
                               water from the core during deployment.

                               When the sampler is retrieved, the core catcher
                               retains the sediment within the body of the sampler.
                               Training and Other Requirements

                               A boat with winch and crane is required for sample
                               operations. Proper training and licensing is
                               required for boat operation during sample collection.

                               Sample collection personnel should review all
                               manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                               understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                               to using sampling equipment.

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Manufacturer Information
Alpine Ocean Seismic Survey. Inc.
70 Oak Street
Norwood                   NJ               07648
Phone     201-768-8000     Fax   201-768-5750
Email      alpine@alpineocean.com
 USA
URL vyww.alpineocean.com/
Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
!                                  Not available

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Manufacturer Information
 Sea Surveyor, Inc.
 960 Grant Street Suite C
 Benicia                   CA
 Phone    707-746-1853    Fax
 Email     info@seasurveyor.com
                   94150     USA
        707-746-0184          URL  www.seasiirvevor.com/
,0081 Information
   Base Cost Min
Cost Max Cost Description
          Not available

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ALPINE CORER

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Sampler Type Gravity Corer       (  Core  )      Name Ballchek Corer
Number of Personnel Required  2            Dimensions  Inner diameter: 5.1 cm.;   to   Inner diameter: 12.7 cm;
                                                          Length: 76.2 cm.              Length 2.44 m
Weight (Kg)   NA  to
                                           Volume (Liters)    12 to
                                                                  Operation
General Description

 The Ballchek Gravity Corer can be used in water depths from 3 to
 up to 200 meters, when water/bottom interface is not part of study.

 The sampler consists of a 2-inch head assembly with a valve,
 including a bronze central cylinder for attaching eye hook and
 stabilizing fins and PVC stabilizing fins to provide balance and
 stability during corer descent.

 This sampler is not considered to be effective for collecting surface
 sediment samples.  The sampler becomes versatile when collecting
 at deeper depth of sediments.

 Advantages:
 -The device collects a large sample volume.

 Disadvantages:
 - The device is only effective in low energy environment.
 - The sampler is effective only for collection of loosely
 consolidated, fine grain sediment.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and  Physical Compatability

 The sampler uses PVC stabilizing fins and an acrylic core tube.
 Plastics are not preferred for use with organic contaminants, but
 is compatible with metals.
                                                                  When the Ballechek corer is deployed into the
                                                                  sediment surface the seal prevents the sample from
                                                                  leaving the tube during retrieval.  A semi-rigid
                                                                  silastic ball, held by a polyurethane ring seat,
                                                                  automatically seals  the top of the core tube as it is
                                                                  raised. All parts that contact the sample are made of
                                                                  inert plastic. Both the silastic ball and ring seat slide
                                                                  out for cleaning when the core tube is removed.
                                                                  Training and Other Requirements

                                                                 No special training specified by manufacturer.

                                                                 A boat with winch is used for sample collection
                                                                 operations. Proper training and licensing is
                                                                 required for boat operation during sample collection.

                                                                 Sample collection personnel should review all
                                                                 manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                                                                 understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                                                                 to using sampling equipment.

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Manufacturer Information
 Wildlife Supply Company ("Wildco)
 95 Botford Place
 Buffalo                   NY               14216
 Phone     800-799-8301    Fax    800-799-8115
 Email      goto@wildco.com
 USA
URL www.wildco.com
Cost Information
I   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
jj        $1,359.00          $1,359.00  (March 2003) Sampler only

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BALLCHEK CORER

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Sampler Type Mechanical Trap     (  Grab )      Name Bed Material Sampler
Number of Personnel Required  1-2          Dimensions  55.6 cm (length)          to
 Weight (Kg)  13.6 to  45.4

 General Description
Volume (Liters)
 The Bed Material Sampler is designed to collect samples from the
 bed of a stream, lake, or reservoir.  Penetration into the bed is
 approximately 1.75 inches. The sampler can be suspended from a
 handling or sounding reel. The body of the sampler is made from
 aluminum or cast steel, depending on the weight requirement, and
 is equipped with tail fins for stabilization.

 Advantages:
 - The sampler is light weight.

 Disadvantages:
 - The sampler collects a relatively small sample volume.
 - The device may not be appropriate for sampling sediments
 contaminated with metals.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
 Chemical and Physical Compatabllity

 Aluminum is acceptable for use with organic-contaminated
 sediments, but is not preferred for use with metals-contaminated
 sediments.

 Cast Steel is not preferred for use with contaminated sediments.
0.2 to
    Operation

    The sampler is supported by a steel cable, and is
    lowered with the sampling bucket in the open
    position. When the tension in the cable is released
    by resting the sampler on the sediment bed, the
    bucket snaps shut, collecting the sample.
                      Training and Other Requirements

                      Boat operation may be required.  Requires a hand
                      reel or small winch. Proper training is required for
                      small boat operations.

                      Sample collection personnel should review all
                      manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                      understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                      to using sampling equipment.
                                                           " ''"fj

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Manufacturer Information
Ricklv Hvdroloeical Company
1700 Joyce Avenue
Columbus                  OH                43219     USA
Phone     614-297-9877     Fax    614-297-9878         URL  www.ricklv.com
Email      sales@rickly.cotn

Cost Information
I   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
i          $385.00         $2,730.00 (March 2003) Cost for sampler only; 30 or 100-pound designs.

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BED MATERIAL SAMPLER

-------
Sampler Type Gravity Corer
Number of Personnel Required

Weight (Kg)    25  to 145

General Description
(  Core  )      Name  Benthos
          Dimensions   Inner diameter: 6.6 cm;
                        Length: 3 m.
                   to
         Volume (Liters)
 The Benthos Sampler is designed for collection of benthic matter
 in sediment. The sampling device penetrates to approximately 10
 feet and can be used in deep water environments.

 Advantages:
 - The sampler provides good sample retention.
 - The device provides good vertical penetration of the sediments.

 Disadvantages:
 - The sampler is effective only on soft, fine grained, semi-
 consolidate material.
 - The device is relatively heavy and can be difficult to maneuver.
 - The device has a tendency to compact the sediment sample.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
  compression and/or compaction of sediments.

  A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
  occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
  decent of the sampling device.
 Chemical and Physical Compatability

  Stainless steel core tube, nose piece, and core catcher. Stainless
  steel is compatible organic-contaminated sediments, but is not
  the preferred choice for metals-contaminated sediments.
8 to  10.3
   Operation

  Suspended from winch and cable, the sampler is
  lowered into the sediment bed until the device
  comes to rest, causing sediment to fill up the core
  chamber.  When the sampler is retrieved the core
  catcher retains the sediment within the body of the
  sampler.
                                Training and Other Requirements

                               A boat with winch and crane is required for
                               sampling operations. Proper training is required for
                               boat operation during sample collection.

                               Sample collection personnel should review all
                               manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                               understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                               to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Kahl Scientific Instrument Corporation
 P.O. Box 1166
 El Cajon                  CA
 Phone     619-444-2159    Fax
 Email      kahl@kahlsico.com
92022-11  USA
        URL
'Cost Information
j   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
I                                  Not available

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   NO



 PICTURE



AVAILABLE

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Sampler Type Clamshell Bucket    (Grab  )      Name  Birge Ekman Sampler (multiple models)
Number of Personnel Required  1-2          Dimensions   15.2 x 15.2 x 15.2 (cm)    to   30.4 x 30.4 x 30.4 (cm.)
Weight (Kg)   6.8  to 9.1

General Description
Volume (Liters)     3.4  to 16
                       Operation
 The Birge-Ekman Sampler is a box-style device that includes a
 messenger-operated release device.  It is fabricated of stainless-
 steel or brass, which is durable and increases weight for deeper
 penetration into the sediment.  Overlapping cover plates, loosely
 hinged at the top of the box, permit outflow of water during
 descent, and close tightly to prevent wash-out of sediment during
 ascent.

 The larger model has an overall height of 20 inches, and the
 smaller model has an overall height of 15 inches.

 Advantages:
 - The device does not require crane or winch for operation.
 - The device is capable of sampling soft sediments.
 - Sub-sampling can easily be accommodated with the use  of this
 sampler.
 - The sampler can be deployed in shallow water.
 - The device can be used to sample coarse sediments.

 Disadvantages:
 - The sampler jaws may not close completely.
 - The metal frame can cause cross contamination of the collected
 samples.
 - Sample collection is only effective under low flow conditions.
 - The jaws may not close if sampler encounters substantial
 vegetation.
 - Collected sample is susceptible to loss of fine grained materials.
 - Sampler requires perpendicular penetration to effectively sample
 sediment.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical Compatability

 Stainless steel construction is sturdy, and will not interfere with
 most contaminant measurements. Stainless steel is compatible
 with organic-contaminated sediments,  but is not the preferred
 choice for metals-contaminated sediments.

 Brass is not preferred for contaminated sediments because it can
 absorb analytes or react with samples,  thus effecting analytical
 results.
                      The jaws are held open by flexible wires, which
                      fasten to the release holding pins at the top of the
                      framework. These are freed when the messenger,
                      dropped down the line, strikes the release bar.
                      External coil springs snap the jaws shut,  trapping
                      the sediment within.
                      Training and Other Requirements

                     This device is easy to operate and requires minimal
                     training.

                      Sample collection personnel should review all
                     manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                     understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                     to using sampling equipment.

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Manufacturer Information
 Duncan & Associates
 Jeeves Bank                      Femleigh Road
 Grange-over-                Cumbria           LA117H   UK
 Sands
 Phone     +44(0)1539533  Fax    +44(0)1539534963    URL www.duncanandassociates.co.uk/
 Email      info@duncanand associates.co.uk
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Mfn  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                  Nat available

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Manufacturer Information
GENEQ
8047 Jarry East
Montreal                  QC              H1J1H6  USA
Phone     514-354-2511    Fax    514-354-6948         URL
Email     info@geneq.com
Cost Information
  Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                                                                              *i <*  -»          1

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Manufacturer Information
 Halltech Environmental Inc.
 129 Watson Road South
 Guelph                    Ontario            NIL 1E4   Canada
 Phone     866-425-5832     Fax   519-766-0729         URL  www.htex.com
 Email      sales@htex.com
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Win  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                  Not available

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Manufacturer Information
 Kahl Scientific Instrument Corporation
 P.O.Box 1166
 ElCajon                   CA               92022-11   USA
 Phone     619-444-2159    Fax                       URL
 Email      kahl@kahlsico.com
 Cost Information
]  Base Cost Win  Base Cost Max Cost Description
]         $655.00           $715.00  (March 2003) Sampler only: Minimum cost-model 214WC180 (small); Maximum cost-model
I                                  214WC170 (large)

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Manufacturer Information
 KC Denmark
 Holmbladsvej 19 - DK - 8600
 Silkeborg                                            Denmark
 Phone     +4586828347    Fax   +4586824950        URL  http://www.kc-denmark.dk/
 Email      kc@kc-denmark.dk
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
        $1,324.00         $2,298.00  (March 2003) Sampler only

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Manufacturer Information
Wildlife Supply Company (Wildco1)
95 Bolford Place
Buffalo                    NY               14216
Phone     800-799-8301    Fax    800-799-8115
Email      goto@wildco.com
t
                          USA
                          URL  www.wildco.com
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Win  Base Cost Max Cost Description
          $299.00
$874.00  (March 2003) Minimum cost- 6x6x6" Ekman (instrument only); Maximum cost- 9x9x9" Ekman with case I
        and extension handle                                                               1

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BIRGE-EKMAN SAMPLER

-------
Sampler Type Gravity Corer
Number of Personnel Required

Weight (Kg)  74.8  to
 General Description
Core  )      Name  Boomerang Corer
        Dimensions  Length= 2 m; Shroud
to
                     O.D= 30 cm; Core
                     O.D.= 8.1 cm
                                           Volume (Liters)
                         3.5 to
                             Operation
 The Boomerang Corer consists of an expendable ballast portion
 and a recoverable float portion. The ballast portion includes a nose
 cone, pilot weight, core barrel, ballast, float release mechanism,
 and a protective shroud for the glass floats. The float portion
 consists of two glass spheres in a nylon net bag attached via a
 tether to a core liner assembly composed of a 1.2 meter clear
 plastic tube with a stainless steel core catcher on one end and a
 valve/release on the other. The glass spheres allow core retrieval
 from depths to 6,700 meters.

 Advantages:
 - Minimal shipboard equipment is required for sample operations,
 - The rapid rate of decent makes corer less susceptible to drift
 during sampling.

 Disadvantages:
 - The sampler requires low energy environment for operation.
 - Substantial sample loss can be encountered in sampling.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during  the
 decent of the sampling device.
 Chemical and Physical Compatability

 The device is constructed of a mild steel core barrel, nose cone,
 ballasts, and shroud.  Mild steel is not preferred for contaminated
 sediments because it can absorb analyst or react with samples,
 thus effecting analytical results. Mild steel has the potential to
 form rust.

 Plastic core tube. Plastics are not preferred for use with organic
 contaminants, but are compatible with metals and other
 inorganic species.
                             This device is a free-falling sampler designed to
                             collect sediment cores without use of cable
                             connections to a ship. The corer can be dropped
                             overboard from small or large vessels without
                             winch or deck equipment. Achieves a relatively
                             rapid fall rate, resulting in minimal sediment
                             disturbance.

                             A winch is not necessary to deploy the sampling
                             device. Several corers can be dropped in a line,
                             saving ship time. The sampler can be deployed for
                             high impact velocities, with degree of disturbance
                             of sediment core sample minimized.

                             The device possesses an electronic flash for
                             recovery that has a 5 km (3 mile) visible range. The
                             sampler also has a low profile flotation package that
                             minimizes wind drift during recovery. The sampler
                             has a reusable float, valve and core catcher. The
                             sampler is designed for use to 9000 meters (29500
                             feet).
                             Training and Other Requirements

                            A boat is required for sample collection activities.
                            Proper training and licensing is required for boat
                            operation during sample collection.

                            Sample collection personnel should review all
                            manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                            understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                            to using sampling equipment.
                                                                                       JBRW> ^'•^^^•^SfiSxjf^fy^y^f' ''•'''

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Manufacturer Information
 Mooring Systems Inc.
 PO Box 413                      1227 Route 28 A
 Cataumet                  MA              02534     USA
 Phone     508-564-4770    Fax    508-564-4773         URL www.mooringsvstems.com
 Email      msisales@mooringsystems.com
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
         $4,127.00         $4,127.00  (March 2003) Sampler only

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BOOMERANG CORER

-------
Sampler Type Box
Number of Personnel Required

Weight (Kg)    14  to 750
 General Description
2-3
(  Core  )       Name  Box Corer (multiple sizes and designs) (also HAPs corer)
          Dimensions  20 cm x 20 cm x 35 cm   to   50cm x 50cm x 75 cm
                       (sample box); 55 cm           (sample box);
                       overall height
                                           Volume (Liters)
 The Box Corer consists of a stainless steel, coated-steel, or
 anodized or coated aluminum sampling box fixed inside a steel
 frame, with a sharpened spade attached to a lever arm. The
 sampling box comes in many sizes, and the footprint and height of
 the frame vary depending on the size of the sampling box.  The
 depth to which to box penetrates the sediment (and the sample
 size) depends on the speed at which the device is allowed to
 descend, and the weight of the device. Weights can be added to
 most models.

 Advantages:
 - The device uses an acrylic liner, that limits cross contamination.
 - The sampler is effective for collection of most sediments.
 - Generally good sample recovery is obtained from collection of
 sediments.
 - Large sample volumes can be collected from this sampler.

 Disadvantages:
 - The sampler provides limited penetration of the sediment surface.
 - The device is relatively expensive.
 - The sampler is relatively heavy, especially for the larger models,
 and be difficult to handle.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical Compatability

 The sampler is constructed of a stainless steel frame, and uses
 acrylic liners are to collect the cores within the sampler.

 Stainless steel is compatible for use with organic-contaminated
 sediments, but is not the preferred choice for metals-
 contaminated sediments.

 Plastics are not preferred for use with organic contaminants, but
 are compatible with metals and other inorganic species.
                              5.2  to 188
                                  Operation

                                  The device is typically deployed from a boat by a
                                  cable and winch or small crane. The unit is allowed
                                  to drop through the water to the sediment. A depth
                                  pinger or indicator is often used to determine when
                                  the box is completely filled. Once the box is filled,
                                  the sample is secured by moving the spade-closing
                                  lever arm to lower the cutting edge of the spade into
                                  the sediment, until the spade completely covers the
                                  bottom of the sediment box. Once the unit is
                                  recovered onboard, the sampling box can be
                                  detached from the frame and taken to a laboratory
                                  for analysis.

                                  The HAPS corer works in a similar fashion,
                                  however the HAPS' core tube is cylindrical, as
                                  opposed  to box shaped on box corers.
                                 Training and Other Requirements

                                 A boat with winch and crane is required for box
                                 core sampling operations. Proper training and
                                 licensing is required for boat operation during
                                 sample collection.

                                 Sample collection personnel should review all
                                 manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                                 understanding of sampler operating principles prior
                                 to using sampling equipment.
 Do not use alcohol for cleaning acrylic parts.

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Manufacturer Information
 Duncan & Associates
 Jeeves Bank                       Fernleigh Road
 Grange-over-               Cumbria           LA 117H   UK
 Sands
 Phone     +44 (0) 15395 33  Fax    +44 (0) 15395 34963    URL www.duncanandassociates.co.uk/
 Email      info@duncanand associates.co.uk
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                   Not available

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Manufacturer Information
 KC Denmark
 Holmbladsvej 19 - DK - 8600
 Silkeborg
 Phone     +45 86828347    Fax
 Email     kc@kc-denmark.dk
                    Denmark
44586824950          URL  htto://www.kc-denmark.dk/
 •Cost Information
 \  Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
 i
 |       $13,151.00         $17,138.00  (March 2003) Minimum cost is for a 400 sq cm corer; the maximum cost is for the 1,000 sq cm corer

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Manufacturer Information
Ocean Instruments
53 1 2 Bank* St.
SanDtego                  CA                92I1CMO   USA
Phon*     619.291-2557    Fax    61
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Manufacturer Information
 OceanTest Equipment, Inc.
 2021SW 70th Ave., Bldg. Bl
 Fort Lauderdale              Fl
 Phone     954-474-6603     Fax
 Email      oceantestequip@aol.com
           33317     USA
954-474-6605         URL  www.oceantesteQuip.com/
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                  Not available

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Manufacturer Information
                                P.O. Box 1115,24594
OKTOPUS GmbH
Kieler Str. 51
Hohenwestedt
Phone    49-(0)4871-4903   Fax   49-(0)4871-490315
Email     schriever@oktopus-tnari-tech.de
                                                     Germany
                                                    URL  www.oktopus-mari-tech.de
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                   Not available

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Manufacturer Information
 Wildlife Supply Company (Wildco)
 95 Botford Place
 Buffalo                     NY                14216
 Phone     800-799-8301     Fax   800-799-8115
 Email     goto@wildco.com
 USA
URL www.wildco.com
      Information
   Base Cost Win  Base Cost Max Cost Description
jj        $2,995.00          $3,214.00  (Marh 2003) Minimum cost includes sampler only; the maximum cost includes four additional 91b weights]

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BOX CORER

-------
 Sam pier Type  Gravity Corer       {  Core  )      Name  CraibCorer
Number of Personnel Required  2           Dimensions   247mm (tube length) x
                                                           59mm (tube diameter)
 Weight (Kg)    44  to
                    to   425 ram (tube length) x
                         59mm (tube diameter)
                                            Volume (Liters)
 General Description
0.7 to  1.16
    Operation
  The Craib Corer is a single tube coring device which collects
  undisturbed sediment cores up to 30 cm length.  The Craib is
  supported on a tubular steel frame and has long and short corer
  tubes.

  The device can function for marine applications to an operating
  depth up to 3,000 meters.

  Advantages:
  - The device is relatively light weight.
  - The device is able to sample in deep water.

  Disadvantages:
  - The sampler collects a relatively small sample volume.

  The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
  compression and/or compaction of sediments.

  A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
  occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
  decent of the sampling device.
  Chemical and Physical Compatabllity

  predominantly constructed from brass with stainless steel
  components; stops and washers constructed of PVC. The
  device is mounted on a mild steel frame (galvanized finish). The
  corer tubes are acrylic.

  Stainless steel is compatible for use with organic-contaminated
  sediments, but  is not preferred for metals-contaminated
  sediments.

  Acrylic plastics are not preferred for use with organic
    The sampler is set up for operation prior to
    deployment. Retaining rings are placed over the
    bottom of the corer tube prior to installation into the
    barrel of the corer, and then fastened.
    The corer tube is positioned above the steel support
    frame and held into place with locking rings.

    The hydraulic damper and the arm supporting the
    ball closure is positioned followed by the trigger
    plate on the ball closure arm. The
    closure mechanism on the top of the core barrel is
    locked in the open position. A pin is inserted into
    the hole in the end of the trigger arm to hold this
    position.

    The Craib Corer is then lowered slowly through the
    water column until the support frame comes to rest
    on the sea bed.

    The corer tube sinks at a pre-determined rate into
    the sediment. The rate is controlled by the speed at
    which the water escapes from the bottom of the
    hydraulic damper.

    As the core tube penetrates the sediment, the two
    releaser cords triggering the bottom and top
    closures are automatically released, tripping the
    bottom and very shortly afterwards the top closure
    mechanisms.

    The corer is hauled to the surface slowly. As the
    corer is raised from the sediment, the weight of the
    ball closure arm pushes the ball down the outside of
    the corer tube and the bungee cord attached to the
    stirrup holding the ball, pulls the ball over the base
    of the corer tube engaging the ball into the tube,
    holding the sediment in the tube.
    Training and Other Requirements

    A boat with winch and crane is required for
    sampling operations.  Proper training and licensing
    is required for boat operation during sample
    collection.

    Sample collection personnel should review all
    manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
    understanding of sampler operating principals prior
    to using sampling equipment.

-------
contaminants, but are compatible with metals and other
inorganic species.

Mild steel used in the assembly will have a tendency oxidize to
form rust from contact with the water environment. This could
be a source of contamination of the sample.

-------
Manufacturer Information
Duncan & Associates
Jeeves Bank                       Fernleigh Road
Grange-over-                Cumbria            LA117H  UK
Sands
Phone     +44 (0) 15395 33  Fax    +44 (0) 15395 34963    URL www.duncanandassociates.co.uk/
Email      info@duncanand associates.co.uk
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max  Cost Description
                                    Not available

-------

CRAIB CORER

-------
Sampler Type Manual Push        (  Core  )
Number of Personnel Required  1

Weight (Kg)   NA  to
                                          Volume (Liters)
General Description

 The Dormer Sampler is a hand-held coring device that collects a
 sediment sample in a plastic sleeve. Some similar sample devices
 (multistage core sampler) have multiple sections to increase the
 length of the sample collected.

 Advantages:
 - The sampler can be extended for collection of cores to various
 depths.

 Disadvantages:
 - The sampler only collects a relatively small volume of sediment
 sample.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical Compatabillty

 Plastics are not compatible for organic-contaminated sediments,
 out are compatible for metals-contaminated sediments and
 sediments contaminated with other organic species.
     Name Dormer Undisturbed Sediment and Wet Soil Sampler
Dimensions  48 mm O.D. x 1m; 33
             mm core diameter.
to   48 mm O.D. X 1 m with a
     33 mm core diameter
                 0.3  to
                     Operation

                     The sampler is pushed into sediments by hand using
                     either a T-handle and extensions or a slide
                     hammer. After collecting the sediment sample, the
                     device is pulled out of the sediment and the nose of
                     the sampler is removed. The plastic tube containing
                     the sediment sample is then removed from the
                     sampler.
                    Training and Other Requirements

                    Minimal training required.

                    Sample collection personnel should review all
                    manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                    understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                    to using sampling equipment.

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Manufacturer Information
 EnviroEquip Ptv Ltd.
 Ground Floor, 16/380 Eastern Valley
 Way
 Chatswood                 New South Wales    2067     Australia
 Phone     0294171513    Fax   0294177669          URL www.enviroequip.com
 Email     sydney@enviroequip.com
 !Cost Information
   Base Cost Min   Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                   Not available

-------
Manufacturer Information
 GENEQ
 8047 Jarry East
 Montreal                  QC              H1J1H6   USA
 Phone     514-354-2511    Fax    514-354-6948         URL
 Email      info@geneq.com
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Mln Base Cost Max Cost Description
          $580.00          $580.00  (March 2003) Sampler only.

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DORMER UNDISTURBED SEDIMENT AND WET SOIL SAMPLER

-------
Sampler Type Gravity Corer       (  Core  )      Name Free Fall Corer (single tube)
Number of Personnel Required  1-2          Dimensions  OD= 50mm; ID= 46      to   OD= 60mm; ID= 53 mm
                                                         mm x0.77m (tu be)             x 1 m (tube)
Weight (Kg)  47.6  to 86.2
        v  a/   /.o     oo.z                Volume (Liters)    0.8 to  1.66

General Description                                             Operation
 The Free Fall Corer consists of a single sampling lube made of
 stainless steel. The corer is designed to collect sediment samples
 in hard, sandy sediment. PVC or acrylic liner tubes are used for
 sample collection and are placed inside the sample tube.

 Advantages:
 - The device is effective in hard substrates.

 Disadvantages:
 - The sampler collects a relatively small sample volume.
 - The device is relatively heavy, making it more difficult to handle.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
 Chemical and Physical Compatabllity

 Stainless steel is  compatible for organic-contaminated sediments,
 but is not the preferred choice for metals-contaminated
 sediments.

 A PVC sample liner can be used for sample collection. Plastics
 are not preferred for use with organic-contaminated sediments,
 but are compatible for metals-contaminated sediments and
 sediments contaminated with other inorganic species.
The stainless steel tube is installed by placing the
upper part of the corer horizontal and attaching the
tube to the upper part of the corer. The device is
next locked into place. A PVC liner and orange peel
system is placed into the stainless steel tube and
fastened. The moveable portion of the upper part of
the corer is held upwards until the 2 lock-arms slide
into the notch on the bar. After assembly the
sampler is lowered into the water to the sediment
interface and the weight of the sampler forces the
sediment into the collection core.

In removing the sample, the corer is placed on the
deck of the boat and dismount the carver and
orange peel system. The PVC liner can then be
removed, and the sample retrieved.
Training and Other Requirements

A boat with winch and crane is required for free fall
corer sampling operations. Proper training and
licensing is required for boat operation during
sample collection.

Sample collection personnel should review all
manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
understanding of sampler operating principals prior
to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Aquatic Research Instruments
 P.O. Box 93
 Lemhi                     ID
 Phone     1-800-320-9482   Fax
 Email      hydrobio@aol.com
208-756-8434
           83465    USA
                    URL  www.aouaticresearch.com
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Mln  Base Cost Max Cost Description
          $595.00           $595.00  (March 2003) Includes sampler and all accessories

-------
Manufacturer Information
 KC Denmark
 Holmbladsvejl9-DK-8600
 Silkeborg
 Phone     +45 86828347    Fax
 Email      kc@kc-denmark.dk
       +45 86824950
 Denmark
URL http://www.kc-denmark.dk/
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
         $2,463.00
$2,640.00  (March 2003) Minimum cost is for the small gravity corer; the maximum cost is for the free fall corer
         (gravity corer)

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Litnnos Ltd.
 Rossinkatu 2 E- 20380
 Turku                                                  Findland
 Phone     +35822538335  Fax    +35822383305       URL  www.limnos.fi/index.htm
 Email      info@limnos.fi
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Win  Base Cost Max Cost Description
           $970.00           $970.00  (March 2003) Includes frame, six weights, slicing tube with 60 rings, slicing equipment, and transport
                                    casing

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Mooring Systems Inc.
 PO Box 413                      1227 Route 28 A
 Cataumet                  MA              02534
 Phone    508-564-4770    Fax   508-564-4773
 Email     msisales@mooringsystems.com
 USA
URL www.mooringsvstems.com
JGost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
         $4,386.00         $4,386,00  (March 2003) Gravity rarer model 2171

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Seabed
 Visseringstraat 10                 1975 BR Ijmuiden
                                                    Denmark
 Phone     0031(0)25553  Fax    0031(0)255533945    URL www.seabed.nl
 Email      seabed@seabed.nl
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Win Base Cost Max Cost Description
        $8,950.00          $8,950.00  (March 2003) Sampler only

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FREE FALL CORER

-------
Sampler Type Gravity Corer
Number of Personnel Required
Weight (Kg) 11 to

General Description
( Core ) Name Gilson Corer
1 to 2 Dimensions Core tube length 1
300mm x 55mm
diameter
Volume (Liters) 0.7 to 1.12
Operation
                                                                                  to
                      Core tube length 470mm x
                      55mm diameter
 The Gilson Corer can be used in both fresh water and coastal
 marine environments. The device is normally supplied with a plain
 ended tube, but also available with core catchers. In addition, the
 sampler is normally supplied as a single corer unit, but also
 available in configurations of 4 core tubes or 6 core tubes.

 Advantages:
 - The sampler is relatively light weight.

 Disadvantages:
 - The brass construction of the sampler is not desirable for
 sampling contaminated sediments.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical Compatability

 The device is manufactured in brass and mounted on a stainless
 steel frame (when being deployed by a rope). The poles that are
 used when necessary to deploy the sampler are constructed of
 aluminum. All of the fasteners are stainless steel. The corer
 tubes are acrylic.

 Stainless steel is compatible organic-contaminated sediments,
 but is not the preferred choice for metals-contaminated
 sediments. Brass is  not preferred for contaminated sediments
 because it can absorb analytes or react with samples, thus
 effecting analytical results.

 Acrylic plastic is not preferred for use with organic
 contaminants, but are compatible with metals and other
 inorganic species.

 po not clean acrylic parts with alcohol.
 The sampler is deployed via a rope or by a pole.
 The manufacturer recommends when sampling in
 water depths greater than 3 meters, the sampler
 should be deployed using the pole. The sampler is
 slowly lowered to the sediment. During
 deployment, water passes through the corer tube
 and exits through the boss on the top of the corer
 head. After the corer has penetrated the sediment,
 the sampler remain in the sediment momentarily
 before removal.  When the sampler is removed, a
 vacuum will form in  the top of the corer tube
 preventing displacement of sediment.
 Training and Other Requirements

Sample collection personnel should review all
manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
understanding of sampler operating principals prior
to using sampling equipment.

The multi-core configuration may require a boat
with a winch, depending on site-specific conditions.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Duncan & Associates
 Jeeves Bank                      Fernleigh Road
 Grange-over-                Cumbria            LA 117H  UK
 Sands
 Phone     +44(0)1539533  Fax    +44(0)1539534963     URL  www.duncanandassociates.co.uk/
 Email      info@duncanand associates.co.uk
Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                   Not available

-------
   NO



 PICTURE



AVAILABLE

-------
Sampler Type Box                (  Core
Number of Personnel Required  2 or more

Weight (Kg)  35.8  to  1200

                                          Volume (Liters)
General Description

 The Gomex Corer is constructed of stainless steel. The corer is
 stored on a stand,  measuring 40 x 45 x 55 cm high that supports
 the weight trays. The stand keeps the corer in the open position
 prior to coring.

 Advantages:
 - This sampler is suitable for many sediment types.
 - The device collects a relatively large sample volume.

 Disadvantages:
 - The device requires multiple operators are required due to the
 weight of the device.

 The use of core  collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 °ccur, resulting  from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical Compatablltty

 Stainless steel is compatible organic-contaminated sediments,
 but is not preferred for metals-contaminated sediments.
)      Name  Gomcx Corer
 Dimensions  Frame: 40x45x55 cm;
              Sample box: 25x25x50
              cm
to   Frame: 2xl.5x2.7m
                   31 to  42
                       Operation

                      The corer consists of four interconnected units: (1)
                      the sample box, (2) the exterior fixed-support
                      framework. (3) the structural linkage that attaches
                      the vertical sliding bar to close the spades and (4)
                      the release mechanism. The weight trays hold
                      several lead weights on each side of the sampler.
                      The lead serves as both ballast and the driving force
                      that closes and holds the spades in the closed
                      position.

                      As the sampler hits the bottom surface, sediment
                      enters the box chamber collection area. To retrieve
                      the sample the lead is activated which closes the
                      spades, and seals the chamber for retrieval.
                      Training and Other Requirements

                      A boat with winch and crane is required for sample
                      operations. Proper training and licensing is
                      required for boat operations during sample
                      collection.

                      Sample collection personnel should review all
                      manufacturers operating instructions and have an
                      understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                      to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Duncan & Associates
 Jeeves Bank                       Fcrnleigh Road
 Grange-over-                Cumbria           LA117H  UK
 Sands
 Phone     +44 (0) 15395 33  Fax   +44 (0) 15395 34963    URL  www.duncanandassociates.co.uk/
 Email     info@duncanand associates.co.uk
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                   Not available

-------
Manufacturer Information

 Kahl Scientific Instrument Corporation
 P.O.Box 1166
 ElCajon                  CA              92022-11   USA
 Phone     619-444-2159    Fax                      URL
 Email     kahl@kahlsico.com
'Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                 Not available

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Ocean Instruments
 5312 Banks St.
 San Diego                  CA                92110-40  USA
 Phone     619-291-2557     Fax    619-296-2240          URL www.oceaninstniments.com
 Email     sales@oceaninstruments.com
[Cost Information
   Base Cost Win  Base Cost Max Cost Description
         $4,725.00          $5,405.00  (March 2003) Minimum cost is the sampler only; the maximum cost includes a weight set, storage box,
                                    and stand.

-------
Manufacturer Information
Seabed
Visseringstraat 10                   1975 BR Ijmuiden
                                                     Denmark
Phone     0031(0)25553  Fax    0031(0)255533945    URL  www.seahed.nl
Email      seabed@seabed.nl
Cost Information
  Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
      $22,500.00         $22,500.00  (March 2003) Sampler only

-------
          \
                 1
GOMEX CORER

-------
Sampler Type Piston              (  Core  )      Name  Hammond (Hamon) grab
Number of Personnel Required  2           Dimensions   1.5 x 1.5 x 2.1 meters      to
 Weight (Kg)   350  to

 General Description
Volume (Liters)
 The Hammond Grab Sampler uses a square frame to support a
 bucket that can rotate through an angle of 120 degrees. Mild steel
 frame and bucket, stainless steel bucket optional. Sampling area O.I
 meter sq.  Especially effective for sandy and gravely sediments.

 Advantages:
 - The sampler collects a large sample volume.
 - The device is effective for coarse grained sediments.

 Disadvantages:
 - The sampler is relatively heavy, and may be difficult to handle.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical CompatabNity

 The device is constructed in mild steel with a galvanized finish
 with stainless steel fasteners. There is, however, the option of
 using a stainless steel bucket.

 Mild steel is not preferred for contaminated sediments because  it
 can absorb analytes or react with samples, thus effecting
 analytical results. Mild steel may form rust.

 Stainless steel is compatible organic-contaminated sediments,
 but is not the preferred choice for metals-contaminated
 sediments.
36  to
    Operation

   The bucket can rotate through an angle of 120
   degrees, after being released by a gravity trigger
   system. During this rotation, activated by the
   hoisting cable, the sampler penetrates 30 cm into
   the sediment. At the end of its movement, the
   bucket mouth opening closes into a rubber covered
   steel plate, sealing the bucket mouth to prevent
   wash out.
                      Training and Other Requirements

                      Sample collection personnel should review all
                      manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                      understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                      to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Duncan & Associates
 Jeeves Bank                      Fernleigh Road
 Grange-over-               Cumbria            LA 117H  UK
 Sands
 Phone     +44(0)1539533  Fax    +44(0)1539534963    URL  www.duncanandassociates.co.uk/
 Email      info@duncanand associates.co.uk

iCost Information
j  Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                   Not available

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   NO



 PICTURE



AVAILABLE

-------
Sampler Type Clamshell Bucket    (  Grab  )
Number of Personnel Required  2

Weight (Kg)   NA  to
      Name Jenkin Surface Mud Sampler
Dimensions  6.9 cm diameter x 50.6
             cm length
to
                                           Volume (Liters)
 General Description
 The Jenkin Surface Mud Sampler is designed specifically for
 freshwater use, profiling the upper strata of sediment and the water
 surface interface.

 The corer is designed to collect intact sediment samples (about 20
 cm deep) with a minimum of disturbance.

 Advantages:
 - The sampler provides minimal sediment disturbance.

 Disadvantages:
 - The device was designed for freshwater use only.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
 Chemical and Physical Compatability

 Construction of the sampler is from
 aluminum castings.  Aluminum is compatible with organic-
 contaminated sediments, but is not preferred for use with metals-
 contaminated sediments.

 Fasteners are predominantly 316 stainless steel with some also in
 brass.  The removable corer tubes are acrylic with stainless steel
 saddles and aluminum top and bottom closure caps with silicone
 rubber gaskets.  Stainless steel is compatible with organic-
 contaminated sediments, but is not the preferred choice for
 metals-contaminated sediments.

 Acrylic coring tubes are not preferred with organic-contaminated
 sediments, but are compatible with metals-contaminated
 sediments.
                 1.9 to
                      Operation

                     The sampler is deployed from a boat. When the
                     sampler hits the sediment surface the arms are
                     activated to close. The closing-arms are prevented
                     from closing rapidly by a shock absorber-like
                     "dashpot," preventing disturbance of the sediments.
                     Training and Other Requirements

                     A boat is required for sampling operations. Proper
                     training and licensing is required for boat operation
                     during sample collection.

                     Sample collection personnel should review all
                     manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                     understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                     to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Duncan & Associates
 Jeeves Bank                       Fernleigh Road
 Grange-over-               Cumbria            LA117H  UK
 Sands
 Phone     +44 (0) 15395 33  Fax   +44 (0) 15395 34963    URL  www.duncanandassociates.co.uk/
 Email     info@duncanand associates.co.uk
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Win  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                   Not available

-------
   NO



 PICTURE



AVAILABLE

-------
Sampler Type Manual Push       •(  Core  }       Name  Kajak-Brinkhurst Corer
Number of Personnel Required  2            Dimensions  Inner diameter: 5.1 cm;    to   Inner diameter: 5.1 cm;
                                                         Length: 50.8 cm              Length: 76.2 cm
Weight (Kg)    5.9  to  21.8
                                           Volume (Liters)
General Description
1.4 to 1.5
    Operation
 The Kajak-Brinkhurst Corer uses a relatively large core tube (2 in
 diameter) and, therefore, collects a relatively large sample
 volume. All parts are made of stainless steel, but a PVC liner tube
 can be used for sample collection.

 Advantages:
 - The device collects a larger sample volume than similar gravity
 c°rers(i.e..Phlegercorer).
 - The sampler can be used effectively in deep water.

 Disadvantages;
 • The sampler requires a low energy environment for operation.
 * The device is only effective in loosely consolidated, fine grained
 material.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 impression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 °ccur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
 Chemical and Physical Compatablllty

 Stainless steel is compatible organic-contaminated sediments,
  ut is not the preferred choice for metals-contaminated
 Sediments.

 p'astics are not preferred for use with organic contaminants, but
 are compatible with metals and other inorganic species.

    not use alcohol for cleaning acrylic parts.
    Mounted from hand line or a winch and cable. The
    upper part of the line operated sampler can be
    exchanged with a shaft in order to sample by
    manual insertion of the tube.

    The sampler can be assembled by means of the tent
    pole principle to a maximum length of 6 meters.

    The valve is locked open during decent to minimize
    frontal wave to the water column. Sample closure
    is messenger operated, maintained under full
    control, and can keep sampler open until the proper
    sample is collected.
   Training and Other Requirements

   A boat with winch and crane is required for
   sampling operations. Proper training and licensing
   is required for boat operation during sample
   collection.

   Sample collection personnel should review all
   manufacturer^ operating instructions and have an
   understanding of sampler operating principals prior
   to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 KC Denmark
 Holrabladsvej 19 - DK - 8600
 Silkeborg                                            Denmark
 Phone     +45 86828347     Fax    +45 86824950         URL  http://vAvw.kc-dcnmark.dk/
 Email      kc@kc-denmark.dk
 Cost Information
 |  Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
          $950.00          $993.00  (March 2003)

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Manufacturer Information
 Wildlife Supply Company (Wildco>
 95 Botford Place
 Buffalo                    NY               14216     USA
 phone     800-799-8301     Fax   800-799-8115         URL  www.wildco.com

 Entail      goto@wildco.com
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Mln  Base Cost Max Cost Description

         $1,219.00         $ 1,395.00  (Match 2003) Minimum cost is for the medium K-B corer model; the maximum cost is for the heavy K-B
                                   corer model.

-------
                 ,
KAJAK-BRINKHURST CORER

-------
Sampler Type Manual Trap
Number of Personnel Required  2

Weight (Kg)  54.9  to

                                           Volume (Uters)
General Description

 The KC Sediment Corer uses tubes as sediment traps that are
 placed in holders. The device also has fins for sample collection
 that are made of stainless steel. The tubes are made of transparent
 acrylic.

 The sediment trap was been developed with Professor Michael
 Olesen, from the Marine Biological Laboratory, University of
 Copenhagen, Denmark.

 Advantages:
 - The sampler is easy to operate.
 - The device provides for good vertical penetration.

 Disadvantages:
 . The sampler is less effective  in soft sediment.

 /V wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical Compatability

The tube holders and fin are made of stainless steel.  Stainless
steel is compatible with organic-contaminated sediments, but is
not preferred for metals-contaminated sediments.

plastics are not compatible with organic contaminants, but are
           with metals and other inorganic species.
(  Grab  )      Name KC Hand Operated Sediment Corer
          Dimensions  Core tube: 80 mm        to
                       O.D./72 mm I.D.;  450
                       mm length
                           1.8 to
                               Operation

                               The construction of the sediment trap array ensures
                               a permanent vertical position of the sampling tubes
                               during deployment. The fin and the pivot joints
                               force the array to be held at a right angle to the
                               current. The sediment trap consists of two
                               detachable cylindrical sampling tubes mounted with
                               lead weights at the bottom. During penetration the
                               non-return flap and a shovel will be held open
                               manually by a 5mm polyester line. After
                               withdrawing the corer from the sediment, the hand
                               held line has to be released and the non-return flap
                               and the shovel under the corer tube will close.
                              Training and Other Requirements

                              No special training was noted by manufacturer.

                              Sample collection personnel should review all
                              manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                              understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                              to using sampling equipment.
 Do not use alcohol for cleaning acrylic parts.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 KC Denmark
 Holmbladsvej 19 - DK - 8600
 Silkeborg                                           Denmark
 Phone     +4586828347    Fax    +4586824950         URL  http://www.kc-denmark.dk/
 Email      kc@kc-denmark.dk
Cost Information
   Base Cost Mln Base Cost Max Cost Description
          $453.00          $453.00  (March 2003) Sampler only

-------
KC HAND OPERATED SEDIMENT CORER

-------
Sampler Type Manual Push       (  Core  )       Name KC Sediment Trap (2- or 4-tube models)
Number of Personnel Required  1-2         Dimensions  7.9 cm OD/7.1cm  ID    to    78.7 cm long (tubes)
                                                         45 cm long (tubes)
Weight (Kg)   5.4  to
                                           Volume (Liters)    4.6  to 9
General Description                                             Operation
 The KC Sediment Trap consists of transparent acrylic or
 polycarbonate tubes attached to a stainless steel fin. The tubes are
 open at the top to allow water to pass through, and are equipped
 vvith weights and a catcher at the bottom to hold in sediment.

 Advantages:
 _ Light weight

 pisadvantages:
       preferred for sampling sediment with organic contamination
 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical Compatabillty

 Stainless steel is compatible for use with organic-contaminated
 sediments, but is not the preferred choice for metals-
 contaminated sediments.
      lic plastics are not preferred for use with organic
 contaminants, but are compatible with metals and other
 inorganic species.

 po not use alcohol for cleaning acrylic parts.
The assembly is attached to a hand-held line and
allowed to drop to the bottom of a shallow body of
water. Impact with the bottom forces sediment into
the tubes. The sediment sample is held in the tube
by the polyethylene core  catcher.
 Training and Other Requirements

Minimal training is required.

Sample collection personnel should review all
manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
understanding of sampler operating principles prior
to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 KC Denmark
 Holmbladsvejl9-DK-8600
 Silkeborg
 Phone     +45 86828347    Fax
 Email      kc@kc-denmark.dk
+45 86824950
 Denmark
URL http://www.kc-denmark.dk/
Cost Information
j
I  Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
i                                 Not available

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Trident Sensors
 I Forestry Cottages, Fisher Lane
 Chiddingfold                Surrey             GU84FT  England (UK)
 phone     +441428 682995  Fax    +441428 684827       URL  http://ourworld.compuserve.com/hoinepages/tridenisensors/
 Erna'1      tridentsensors@btopenworld.com
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Mln  Base Cost Max  Cost Description
         $13,949.99         $13,949.99   (March 2003} Dual gravity corer

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KC SEDIMENT TRAP

-------
Sampler Type Manual Push        (  Core  )
Number of Personnel Required  1

Weight (Kg)   NA  to
                                           Volume (Liters)
General Description

 The Large Bore Sediment Corer is designed to collect undisturbed
 large diameter sediment cores. The sampler consists of a PVC
 coring head, one-way check valve and ball valve vacuum release;
 stainless steel hose clamp and hex-driver, and comes with 1.0 m
 aluminum extension rods.

 Advantages:-
 The device collects a large sediment sample volume.

 Disadvantages:
 -The sampler may not be appropriate for collecting sediments
 containing organics

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 ^\ wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical Compatablllty

 Sampler is constructed of PVC coring head and polycarbonate or
 pyC core tube. Plastics are not preferred for use with organic-
 contaminated sediments, but are compatible for metals-
 contaminated sediments and sediments contaminated with other
 organ*0 species.
     Name Large Bore Sediment Cprer
Dimensions  50 cm (length) x 9.5 cm   to
             (inner diameter)

                 3.5  to  8.3
                     Operation
50 cm (length) x 14.5 cm
(inner diameter)
                    The universal core head is designed to recover long
                    undisturbed cores. The core head drives clear
                    polycarbonate barrels to a maximum length of 2.4
                    m into the sediment. A one way check valve seated
                    in the core head allows water and sediment to free
                    flush through core barrel during deployment. Upon
                    retrieval the check valve automatically seats,
                    creates a partial vacuum and retains the sample in
                    the core barrel.
                    Training and Other Requirements

                    Sample collection personnel should review all
                    manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                    understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                    to using sampling equipment.

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Manufacturer Information
Aquatic Research Instruments
P.O. Box 93
Lemhi                     ID
Phone     1-800-320-9482   Fax
Email      hydrobio@aol.com
           83465     USA
208-756-8434         URL  www.aouaticresearch.com
Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
          $255.00          $255.00  (March 2003) Entire corer

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Large Bore
Sediment Corei
 ctemfcrrci 
-------
Sampler Type Piston             (  Core  )       Name Mackereth Pneumatic Corer
Number of Personnel Required  2 or more    Dimensions  1000 mm x 65 mm
                                                         diameter
Weight (Kg)  NA  to
                    to   6000 mm x 50 mm
                        diameter
                                           Volume (Liters)
 General Description

 The Mackereth Corer enables profiled core samples to be taken to
 depths of up to 6 meters in length. A compressed air pneumatic
 control system is used for piston control of sample collection
 operations.

 The types of this style of device are Mackereth Pneumatic Corer
 and Mackereth Mini Corer.

 Advantages:
 _ The device collects a large volume of sediment.

 Disadvantages:
 _ The sampler is designed only for freshwater use.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
 Chemical and Physical Compatablllty

 The drum at the base of the corer is stainless steel,  the pistons
 are brass, with stainless steel internal rods. Other components
 are pVC, rubber, and brass.  The control panel is manufactured
 from aluminum and proprietary airlines and valves are used.
 The corer tubes that come in contact with the sample are clear
 acrylic-

 plastics are not preferred for use with organic contaminants, but
 are compatible with metals and other inorganic species.

 Rubber is compatible with all contaminants of concern.

 Do not use alcohol for cleaning acrylic parts.
3.3 to 11.8
    Operation

    The manufacturer recommends that depth sounding
    be conducted prior to deployment of the sampler to
    determine the depth of water. The sampler is then
    lowered slowly to the sediment. Free fall may be
    required for the last two meters above the sediment
    if the sediment to be sampled is compacted.

    Compressed air is then used to activate a piston that
    pushes the acrylic core tube into the sediment.
    After the core tube has reached its total penetration
    length, the vacuum from the compressed air will be
    released. The compressed air supply should  be shut
    off. The sampler can then be retracted.
    Training and Other Requirements

   A boat with winch and crane is required for
   sampling operations. Proper training and licensing
   is required for boat operation during sample
   collection.

   Sample collection personnel should review all
   manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
   understanding of sampler operating principals prior
   to using sampling equipment.

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Manufacturer Information
 Duncan & Associates
 Jeeves Bank
 Grange-over-
                                Fernleigh Road
                          Cumbria            LA117H  UK
Sands
Phone     +44(0)1539533  Fax    +44(0)1539534963
Email      info@duncanand associates.co.uk
                                                     URL  www.duncanandassociates.co.uk/
jCost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                   Not available

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MACKERETH PNEUMATIC CORER

-------
Sampler Type Mechanical Push     (  Core  )      Name  Macro-Core Sampler
Number of Personnel Required  2            Dimensions   3.8 cm diameter x 5.1
                                                          cm length
Weight (Kg)  NA  to
                                           Volume (Liters)    0.7  to 1.7
                                                                  Operation
                                                                                 to   3.8 cm diameter x 12.7 cm
                                                                                      length
General Description

 The Marco-Core Sampler consists of a disposable acetate liner
 tube, which is inserted into a steel casing tube with nose cone. The
 device is driven into the sediment using a direct-push hydraulic
 rig. The samplers come in 0.61 through 1.52 meter lengths, and
 perform best in medium to fine-grained cohesive materials.  Use of
 a core-catcher insert will allow for sampling of coarser-grained
 sandy materials.

 Advantages:
 _ the sampler is relatively inexpensive.

 Disadvantages:
 _ The device collects a relatively small sample volume.
 _ the sampler may not be appropriate for sampling sediments
 contaminated with organics.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical Comparability

 Acetate liners may potentially cause interference with organic
 analyses. Plastics are not preferred for use with organic
 contaminants, but are compatible with metals and other
 inorganic species.
                                                                 The macro core sampler is placed into a direct-push
                                                                 rig for use in sediment sampling operations.  Direct-
                                                                 push rigs "push" tools into a surface without
                                                                 drilling to remove sediment in order to make a path
                                                                 for the tool.  The rig relies on a relatively small
                                                                 amount of static (vehicle) weight combined with
                                                                 percussion to advance the sampler.  The sampler
                                                                 remains closed until the desired sampling depth is
                                                                 reached.  A stop-pin is used to release the sampler
                                                                 above the desired depth, where it is then advanced
                                                                 to the depth  for sample collection.

                                                                 The acetate tube can be cut open to obtain samples
                                                                 after extracting from the steel sampling device.
                                                                 Training and Other Requirements

                                                                 The Macro-core sampler is used with a direct-push
                                                                 rig. Rig training is required prior to operation.

                                                                 Sample collection personnel should review all
                                                                 manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                                                                 understanding of sampler operating principles prior
                                                                 to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Geoprobe Systems Inc,
 601 N. Broadway
 Salina                     KS
 Phone     1-800-436-7762  Fax
 Email     info@geoprobe.com
785-825-2097
67401     USA
         URL  www.geoprobe.com
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
           $68.15            $78.15  (March 2003) Cost for the outer steel casing tube and nose cone. Cost of acetate liner tubes is minimal.

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MACRO-CORE SAMPLER

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Sampler Type Clamshell Bucket    (   Grab )      Name Mud Snapper and Heavy-Duty Bottom Snapper
Number of Personnel Required  1-2          Dimensions  9.1 cm x 5.1 cm jaws;     to   73.7 cm long
                                                         33 cm long
Weight (Kg)   3.2  to 27.2
                                           Volume (Liters)
 General Description
 The Mud Snapper and Bottom Snapper are constructed of bronze
 and stainless steel, and are equipped with an automatic foot-trip
 closure mechanism. Two spring-tensioned jaws snap shut upon
 impact with the sediment to retrieve the sample.

 The sampling assembly can be attached to a long, hand-held rod
 for shallow water, a sounding weight for intermediate water, or to
 a lowering line for deep water.

 Advantages:
 - The sampler's spring tension can be adjusted to sample hard and
 soft sediments.

 Disadvantages:
 _ A relatively small sample volume is collected.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
 Chemical and Physical Compatability

 The spring tension can be adjusted for sampling soft or hard
 sediments. The Mud Snapper can be deployed  through small (6-
 inch) openings.

 Stainless steel is compatible with organic-contaminated
  edirnents, but is not the preferred choice for metals-
 contaminated sediments.

 Rronze is compatible for organic-contaminated sediments, but is
  ot preferred for metals-contaminated sediments.
0.3 to
    Operation

    This device has a long threaded post with a
    compression spring surrounding it, which presses
    against the jaws at one end and is seated inside a
    cap at the upper end.  Spring tension can be
    adjusted by turning the cap. Upon impact with the
    sediment, the foot-trip is pushed upward,
    disengaging the pivoted locking arm and allowing
    the spring-tensioned jaws to snap shut.
    Training and Other Requirements

   Larger models require a hand reel or small winch.
   Boat operation may be required. Proper training is
   required for small boat operations.

   Sample collection personnel should review all
   manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
   understanding of sampler operating principals prior
   to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Kahl Scientific Instrument Corporation
 P.O. Box 1166
 ElCajon                   CA               92022-11  USA
 Phone     619-444-2159    Fax                        URL
 Email     kahl@kahlsico.com
 Cost Information
 i
   Base Cost Mln  Base Cost Max Cost Description
          $615.00         $1,985.00  (March 2003) Minimum cost is for the small mud snapper; maximum cost is for the heavy duty mud
                                   snapper.

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MUD SNAPPER

-------
 Sampler Type Gravity Corer
Number of Personnel Required

 Weight (Kg)  77.1  to  500
2-3
Core  )      Name  Multi-Corers (multiple models)
       Dimensions  62.5 cm x 32.5 cm       to
                          (sample tube); 1.97 m x
                          1.77 m (overall)
10 cm x 70 cm (sample
tube); 2.76 m x 2.45 m
                                           Volume (Liters)
 General Description
 The Mulit-Corer consists of a steel or aluminum frame, which
 holds 4 to 12 polycarbonate sampling tubes. The tube vary in size,
 but typically have scalable tops and sediment catchers in the
 bottom.  For stiffer sediments, weights can be added to provide
 additional force.  Some models are equipped with additional
 features such as penetration stops, spring loaded lid to seal
 sediments after collection, a pretrip safety pin, and guide slides
 and slowdown cylinder for smoother core penetration.

 A specially designed flow-through sample tube designed by one of
 the manufacturers reduces cover bow wake effect.

 Various models include: deep sea multi-corer, mini multi-corer,
 lake shelf shallow water multi-corer.

 Advantages:
 - The device collects a large sample volume.

 Disadvantages:
 _ The sampler may not be appropriate for sampling sediments
 contaminated with organics
                              2.5  to 52
                                  Operation

                                 This device is deployed from a boat with a cable
                                 and winch. The tube seals remain open during
                                 decent to allow flow-through, and seal tight for
                                 retrieval and delivery to a laboratory for analysis.

                                 At the top of each sample tube is mounted a spring-
                                 loaded lid, which is in open position during the
                                 sample collection. For each core, a spring loaded
                                 horizontally placed plate is mounted at the bottom
                                 plate and when the sampling is completed, they are
                                 pressed in position under the sample tubes. At the
                                 same time, the 6 top-lids close. Both will function
                                 to secure the sample. At the top of the corer is a
                                 weight station with a capacity of 30 pieces of 10 kg
                                 star-metal weights.  The 600 mm long tubes are
                                 attached by a double lock-clamp and a close-fitting
                                 device giving a good fastening and a quick tube
                                 change.
                    causes
 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical Comparability

 p0jycarbonate tubes used to collect sample will not interfere
 with most contaminant measures. Plastics are not preferred for
 use with organic contaminants, but are compatible with metals
 and other inorganic species.

 y^jurninum is compatible with organic-contaminated sediments,
 but is not preferred for use with metals-contaminated sediments.
                                 Training and Other Requirements

                                A boat with a windiand crane is required for boat
                                operations during sampling operation. Proper
                                training and licensing is required for boat
                                operations during sample collection.

                                Sample collection personnel should review all
                                manufacturer^ operating instructions and have an
                                understanding of sampler operating principles prior
                                to using sampling equipment.

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Manufacturer Information
 Duncan & Associates
 Jeeves Bank                       Fernleigh Road
 Grange-over-                Cumbria            LA117H  UK
 Sands
 Phone     +44 (0) 15395 33  Fax   +44 (0) 15395 34963    URL  www.duncanandassociates.co.uk/
 Email     info@duncanand associates.co.uk
•Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                   Not available

-------
Manufacturer Information
 KC Denmark
 Holrnbladsvej 19 - DK - 8600
 SHkcborg                                             Denmark
 phone     +4586828347    Fax   +4586824950         URL http://www.kc-denmark.dk/
 Email      kc@kc-denmark.dk
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
        $22,473.00        $22,473.00  (March 2003) Includes 6 tubes, rack, hydraulic damper, six 10 kg weights.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Ocean Instruments
 S312 Banks St.
 San Diego                  CA                92110-40  USA
 Phone     619-291-2557     Fax    619-296-2240          URL  www.oceaninstnjments.com
 Email     sales@oceaninstruments.com
Cost Information
   Base Cost Mln  Base Cost Max Cost Description
         $9,800.00         $36,000.00  (March 2003) Cost is typically for frame and sampling tubes only. Weights, spare parts, etc. are
                                    additional costs.

-------
Manufacturer Information

 OceanTest Equipment, Inc.
 2021 SW 70th Avc., Bldg. Bl
 Fort Lauderdale             Fl               33317    USA
 phone     954-474-6603    Fax    954-474-6605         URL  www.oceantesteQuip.com/
            oceantestequip@aol.com
 ;ost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                  Not available

-------
Manufacturer Information
 OKTOPUS GmbH
 Kieler Str. 51                      P.O. Box 1115, 24594
 Hohenwestedt                                          Germany
 Phone     49-(0)4871-4903  Fax    49-(0)4871-490315     URL  www.oktopus-mari-tech.de
 Email     schriever@oktopus-mari-tech.de
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                   Not available

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MULTI-CORER

-------
Sampler Type Manual Push        (   Core  )       Name  Ogeechee
Number of Personnel Required   1            Dimensions  Inner diameter: 5.1 cm;
                                                         Length: 50.8 cm
Weight (Kg)   4.5  to  27.2
                                           Volume (Liters)      5 to
General Description                                               Operation
                  to   Inner diameter: 5.1 cm;
                       Length: 2.4 m.
 The Ogeechee Corer is a hand held device that is effective for
 collection of firm or sandy sediments. The device uses a closing
 jine to control a closure valve in the head assembly permitting
 isolation of the sampling material. The user can adjust the valve
 tension so it seals tightly and does not leak air. The sampler can be
 used in fast-moving water up to 4.5 m (15 feet) deep with the use
 °f an extension handle.

 Advantages:
 • The device is light weight.
 • The sampler can be used in high energy environments for
 sediment sampling.
 • The sampler can provide sealed isolation of collected sediments
 from the environment.

 Disadvantages:
 ' The sampler is only designed for relatively shallow use.

 The use of core collection  devices for sampling typically causes
 c°mpression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A v/ash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 ^cur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
chernical and Physical Compatability

 Rainless steel core tube; Stainless steel or Lexan nose piece;
  Sinless steel or plastic core catcher

 painless steel is compatible organic-contaminated sediments,
 ut is not the preferred choice for metals-contaminated
 Sediments.

  lastics are not preferred for use with organic contaminants, but
 are compatible with metals and other inorganic species.
 Operation of this sampler includes twisting and
 pushing the sampling downward into the sediment.
 Extension handles come in three lengths. For
 deeper water, the manufacturer suggests the use of a
 drive hammer which drives the sampler into the
 bottom by repeated lifting and dropping. A long
 sample of clays or heavy soils may be hard to
 remove and may require a power winch.

 Six core tube lengths are available: 50.8 cm, 76.2
 cm, 91.4 cm, 1.2 m, 1.5 m, and 2.4 m.
 Training and Other Requirements

No special training is required.

Sample collection personnel should review all
manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
understanding of sampler operating principals prior
to using sampling equipment.

Collection of long cores will require a boat with
winch. Proper training and licensing is required for
boat operation during sample collection.

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Manufacturer Information
Wildlife Supply Company (Wildco)
95 Botford Place
Buffalo                    NY               14216     USA
Phone     800-799-8301    Fax    800-799-8115          URL  vyww.wildco.com
Email      goto@wildco.com
•Cost Information
   Base Cost Mln  Base Cost Max  Cost Description
          $429.00         $1,089.00  (March 2003) The minimum cost is for the 20 inch core length; the Maximum cost is for a 96 inch corer.

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OGEECHEE CORER

-------
Sampler Type Clamshell Bucket   (  Grab  )      Name  Orange Peel Bucket Dredge
Number of Personnel Required  1-2          Dimensions   61 cm x 38.1 cm x 38.1    to

Weight (Kg)    25  to

General Description
              cm
Volume (Liters)
7 to
  Operation
 The Orange Peel Bucket Dredge Sampler uses a hemispherical
 bucket with 4 "flaps" that comprise the jaws of the sampler. The
 jaws resemble segments of a peeled orange.

 Advantages:
 - The device collects large volume of sample.
 - The sampler is corrosion resistant in sea water.

 Disadvantages:
 - The device may not be appropriate for sampling sediments
 contaminated with metals.

 Awash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical Compatability

 The sampler has ductile iron jaws, which are not preferred for
 contaminated sediments because it can absorb analytes or react
 with samples, thus effecting analytical results.

 Stainless steel pins, shaft, link-chains, splash-plates, wire-
 Stainless steel is compatible organic-contaminated sediments,
 but is not the preferred choice for metals-contaminated
 sediments.
                      The sampler is lowered to the sediment with the
                      jaws open using a single wire. When the buckets
                      hits the sediment, the jaws penetrate the sediment,
                      the wire slackens, and the suspension hook
                      disengages from the counter-weighted bucket
                      hook. As the winch rewinds the lowering wire and
                      the sampler jaws pivot shut.
                      Training and Other Requirements

                     A boat is required for sampling operations. Proper
                     training and licensing is required for boat operation
                     during sample collection.

                     Sample collection personnel should review all
                     manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                     understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                     to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Kahl Scientific Instrument Corporation
 P.O. Box 1166
 ElCajon                  CA              92022-11  USA
 Phone     619-444-2159    Fax                       URL
 Email      kahl@kahlsico.com
Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                 Not available

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ORANGE-PEEL BUCKET

-------
Sampler Type Mechanical Oscillati (Core  )       Name  Oscillating Sand Corer
Number of Personnel Required  1 or 2       Dimensions   100 mm diameter, x 66
                                                          mm (sample tube); 1.5
Weight (Kg)    50  to                                     xlxl.5m
                    to
                                           Volume (Liters)

General Description

 The Oscillating Sand Corer is a piston corer that is designed for
 sampling associated with coastal zones, continental shelves, coral
 atolls/lagoons, pollution studies, dredging operations, and alluvial
 "lining surveys. The corer, which is constructed of stainless steel,
 uses an acrylic or polycarbonate core tube and requires a
 deployment cable at least 4 mm in diameter.  The device has a 12
     DC motor and uses sealed lead acid battery.
 Advantages:
 • The sampler collects a large sample volume.

 Disadvantages:
 - This device may not be appropriate for sampling sediments
 contaminated with organic contaminants.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A Wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 °ccur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical Compatablllty

 The sampler has a stainless steel frame. Stainless steel is
 compatible for use with organic-contaminated sediments, but is
 n°t the preferred choice for metals-contaminated sediments.

 Acrylic or polycarbonate core tubes are used for collecting the
 Sediment cores. The core tubes are not preferred for use with
 Organic-contaminated sediments. The tubes are compatible with
 Petals Contaminated sediments, as well as sediments
 ^ntarninated with other organic species.
4.7 to
    Operation

    The device is deployed by a wire.  An acrylic or
    polycarbonate core tube is driven into the sediment
    and the tube is oscillated at 15 to 20 degrees using a
    spring loaded lever. When the corer reaches the
    sediment to be sampled, the motor is started using a
    magnetic switch on the lifting harness.

    Additional weight may be added lo the frame of the
    sample to increase stability and sediment
    penetration.
    Training and Other Requirements

   A boat with a winch and crane is required to
   deploy this sampling device. Proper training and
   licensing is required for boat operation during
   sample collection.

   Sample collection personnel should review all
   manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
   understanding of sampler operating principles prior
   to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Trident Sensors
 1 Forestry Cottages, Fisher Lane
 Chiddingfold                Surrey              GU84FT  England (UK)
 Phone     +441428 682995  Fax   +441428 684827       URL  http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/tridentsensors/
 Email      tridentsensprs@btopenworld.com

jCost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
        $15,065.98         $15,065.98  (March 2003) Oscillating sand corer

-------
OSCILLATING SAND CORER

-------
Sampler Type Box                (   Core  )       Name  PBC-100
Number of Personnel Required  2            Dimensions  20cm x 20cm x 84cm;
                                                         Sample box-
                                                         15cm x 15cm x 46cm
                                                                                 to
W«lght(Kg)   5.9  to 12.7
                                           Volume (Liters)
 General Description

 The PBC-100 box-style sediment sampler is designed to sample
 silts, mud, and other soft sediments from lakes, riverine, and
 lagoon environments. The sampler is constructed of acrylic, PVC,
 fiberglass and derlin. AH fasteners and other metallic fittings ate
 stainless steel.

 Advantages:
 • The manufacturer indicates the sampler is effective in acid rain
 and heavy metals research projects.
 -The sampler is relatively light weight and is easy to handle.

 Disadvantages:
 ' The device may not be suitable for sampling sediments
 c°ntaminated with organic contaminants.
     use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A Wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 ^cur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical CompatablHty

 The sampler is constructed of acrylic, PVC, fiberglass, and
 derlin, while the line is constructed of polypropylene.
pkst
 pkstics are not preferred for use with organic contaminants, but
 are compatible with metals, and other inoreanic species.
      npatible with metals and other inorganic species.
 t>o
    not use alcohol to clean acrylic parts.

 Pasteners and other metallic fittings constructed of stainless
 steel. Stainless steel is compatible organic-contaminated
  e        but is not the preferred choice for metals-
            " sediments.
                                                             10  to
                                                                 Operation

                                                                 Due to the relatively small size and light weight of
                                                                 this device, the PBC-100 sampler can deployed
                                                                 from a small boat The PBC-100 is deployed by
                                                                 hand and does not require a winch for retrieval. A
                                                                 battery-powered puller can be used to retrieve the
                                                                 sampler.

                                                                 The box corer is deployed into the sediment surface
                                                                 using a lead line. The lead is pulled to activate  the
                                                                 closure for retries ing the sample.
 Training and Other Requirements

A small boat may be used for sample collection.
Proper training in boat operations should be
provided prior to sampling.

Sample collection personnel should review all
manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
understanding of sampler operating principals prior
to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Duncan & Associates
 Jeeves Bank                      Fernleigh Road
 Grange-over-                Cumbria           LA117H  UK
 Sands
 Phone     +44 (0) 15395 33  Fax   +44 (0) 15395 34963    URL www.duncanandassociates.co.uk/
 Email      info@duncanand associates.co.uk
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Win  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                   Not available

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Ocean Instruments
 5312 Banks St.
 San Diego                 CA               92110-40  USA
 phone     619-291-2557    Fax    619-296-2240        URL  www.oceaninstruments.com
 Email      sales@oceaninstruments.com
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                  Not available

-------

-------
Sampler Type Clamshell Bucket    (  Grab )      Name Petersen Grab Sampler
Number of Personnel Required  l to 2        Dimensions  30.5 cm. x 30.5 cm.      to
                                          Volume (Uters)
Weight 
-------
Manufacturer Information
 Duncan & Associates
 Jeeves Bank                       Fernleigh Road
 Grange-over-               Cumbria           LA117H   UK
 Sands
 Phone     +44 (0) 15395 33  Fax    +44 (0) 15395 34963    URL  www.duncanandassociates.co.uk/
 Email      info@duncanand associates.co.uk
.Cost Information
i   Base Cost Mln  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                   Not available

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Wildlife Supplv Company (Wildco}
 95 Botford Place
 Buffalo                    NY               14216     USA
 phone     800-799-8301    Fax    800-799-8115         URL  www.wildco.coin
            goto@wildco.com
 Cost Information
    Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
          $1,195.00         $1,563.00  (Match 2003) Minimum cost includes sampler only; maximum cost includes two nine Ib weights

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PETERSEN SAMPLER

-------
Sampler Type Gravity Corer       (   Core  )       Name  Phleger
Number of Personnel Required  2            Dimensions  Inner diameter: 3.6 cm;
                                                         Length: 50.8 cm
**ght (Kg)     8  to 15                  Volurne (Uters)    0.5 to 0.65

General Description                                               Operation
                 to
 The Phleger Corer is a weighted hollow tube that is used to
 Penetrate the bottom sediment layers so that a study of the
 deposition of sediments can be made. A coring device is used for
 obtaining a sample at a greater depth in the bottom sediments. This
 device consists of a weighted hollow tube that is pushed into the
 bottom material by gravity. When retrieved, the material trapped in
 'he tube is extruded and sliced lengthwise for examination of the
 various layers of sediments comprising the bottom material.

 This corer can be operated without the use of a winch. It can
 Penetrate to 50 cm depth.

 Advantages:
 - The device has sharp cutting edge for good sediment penetration.
 - The sampler protects sediment well upon retrieval.
 " The sampler is effective for a wide range of sediment types,
 including hard substrates.

 Disadvantages:
 * The sampler collects a relatively small sample volume.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 impression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A Wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave  induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical Compatabillty

 Stainless steel core tube, nose piece, and core catcher- Stainless
 steel is compatible organic-contaminated sediments, but is not
 'he preferred choice for metals-contaminated sediments.

 Neoprene vaive. Neoprene is compatible with most
 ^ntaminants of concern.
 The sampler can be suspended from hand line or
 winch and cable.  The corer is lowered to
 approximately 5 meters from the sediment to be
 sampled. At this point the winch cable is rapidly
 deployed to produce rapid free fall. The sharp
 cutting edge of the nose piece and the metal tube
 penetrate the sediment, cutting out a cylinder of
 bottom sediment that is forced into the tube.

 A one-way valve inside the sampler prevents from
 washing or falling out as the corer is retrieved. The
 metal sampling tube contains a plastic liner, which
 can be removed with the sediment sample intact.
 Training and Other Requirements

A boat with winch is required for sampling
operations. Proper training and licensing is
required for boat operation during sample collection.

Sample collection personnel should review all
manufacturer^ operating instructions and have an
understanding of sampler operating principals prior
to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Kahl Scientific Instrument Corporation
 P.O. Box 1166
 ElCajon                   CA               92022-11  USA
 Phone     619-444-2159    Fax                        URL
 Email     kahl@kahlsico.com
           •"dtitjut*!*!****^
 Cost Information
 I  Base Cost Win  Base Cost Max Cost Description
         $1,590.00
$ 1,590.00  (March 2003) Includes sampler and 5 liners and caps

-------
Liner Stop
Core Barrel
                                          Core Cutter
                                                  D
                                      Lead Weight
   Plastic Liner
                                         Core Catcher
                PHLEGER CORER

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Volume (Liters)
Sampler Type  Piston              (  Core  )      Name
Number of Personnel Required  2            Dimensions

Weight (Kg)  11.3  to  n?5



General Description

 A Piston Corer collects sediment samples up to 4 meters deep,
 using a stainless steel corer tube. The upper part of the corer is
 constructed of hot galvanized steel, with  a stainless steel releaser
 mounted at the top of the device. Some piston corers can collect a
 15.2-meter long samples.

 Advantages:
 - The distance  of free fall can be adjusted to control depth and
 volume of sediment sample collected.
 _ The device is capable of collecting harder sediments than gravity
 corer.

 Disadvantages:
 _ The sampler is best used for collecting soft cohesive sediments.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled  surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical Compatability

 The sampler has a stainless steel frame and core tube (or plastic
 core tube). Stainless steel is compatible for organic-
 contaminated sediments, but is not the preferred choice for
 metals-contaminated sediments. Plastics are not preferred for
 sample collection of organic-contaminated sediments.

 The sampler consists of a Lexan or stainless steel nose piece,
 with a stainless steel or plastic core catcher.  Plastics are not
 preferred for use with organic contaminants, but are compatible
 with metals and other inorganic species.

 The sample uses a PVC sample liner- PVC is not preferred for
 Ose with organic contaminated sediments, but is well suited for
 ose with metals and other inorganic species contamination.
              Piston Corer
              Transport skid= 3x
              0.6x0.8 m;  Coring
              head= 1.5m (L)x0.5m
              (D)
                    to    Coring head= 2m (L) x
                         0.5m (D)
40  to  390
    Operation

   The corer tube is released 1.7 meters above the
   sediment. A wire with about 1 meter of slack
   allows the corer tube to free fall until the piston is
   activated prior to the tube entering the sediment.
   The penetration depth of the corer can be regulated
   by the total weight load. A piston rod is used to
   remove the sediment sample from the stainless steel
   corer.
                      Training and Other Requirements

                     A boat with winch and crane systems is required for
                     sampling operations. Proper training and licensing
                     is required for boat operation during sample
                     collection.

                     Sample collection personnel should review all
                     manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                     understanding of sampler operating principles prior
                     to using sampling equipment.

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Manufacturer Information
Aquatic Research Instruments
P.O. Box 93
Lemhi                    ID
Phone     1-800-320-9482  Fax
Email      hydrobio@aol.com
           83465     USA
208-756-8434         URL www.aquaticresearch.com
Cost Information
   Base Cost Win  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                  Not available

-------
Manufacturer Information
 EnviroEquip Ptv Ltd.
 Ground Floor, 16/380 Eastern Valley
 Way
 Chatswood                New South Wales     2067
 phone     0294171513    Fax   0294177669
            sydney@enviroequip.com
 Australia
URL www.enviroeouiD.com
       Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                   Not available

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Manufacturer Information
                                                      Denmark
                                                     URL  http://www.kc-denmark.dk/
 KC Denmark
 Holmbladsvej 19 - DK - 8600
 Silkeborg
 Phone     +4586828347     Fax   +4586824950
 Email     kc@kc-denmark.dk
P~—~	-~~~-~«~~-~~-~-~~-~^^	:	—~~	»™~™~	_	
"Cost Information
   Base Cost Min   Base Cost Max Cost Description
        $9,451.00          $9,451.00  (March 2003) Includes main rack, 5 weights, piston head, wire, and releaser

-------
Manufacturer Information
           Systems Inc.
     Box 413                       1227 Route 28 A
 Cataumet                   MA              02534     USA
 phone     508-564-4770     Fax   508-564-4773         URL  www.mooringsvslems.com
             msisales@mooiingsystecns.com
 Cost Information
    Base Cost Mln  Base Cost Max Cost Description
          $9,665.00        $41,299.00  (March 2003) The minimum cost is for the Utility Piston Corer model; the maximum cost is for the Large
                                    Piston Corer model

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Seabed
 Visseringstraat 10

 Phone     0031(0)25553   Fax
 Email     seabed@seabed.nl
        1975BRIjmuiden

        0031(0)255533945
 Denmark
URL www.seabed.nl
 Cost Information
-  Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max  Cost Description
        $19,500.00
$19,500.00  (March 2003) Corer with trigger mechanism and trigger

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PISTON CORER

-------
Sampler Type  Piston
Number of Personnel Required  2
(  Core  )       Name  Piston Multi-Corer (eight sample tubes)
          Dimensions  Sample tubes: 0.1 m x     to
              300  to
                       0.65m; Frame: 1.4m
                       diameter x 1.4m
                                           Volume (Liters)
 General Description

 The Piston Multi-Corer is similar in operating principle to the
 Piston Corer, except that the tube sampler consists of eight acrylic
 sample tubes in a stainless steel frame.  The device collects a large
 sample volume through the multiple sample collection tubes.

 Advantages:
 The sampler collects a large volume of sample.

 Disadvantages:
 The sampler is relatively heavy, and can be difficult to handle.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical Compatabllity

 Stainless steel frame- Stainless steel is compatible for organic-
 contaminated sediments, but is not the preferred choice for
 metals-contaminated sediments.

 Acrylic core tubes- Plastics are not preferred for use with
 organic contaminants, but are compatible with metals and other
 inorganic species.

 Do not use alcohol for cleaning acrylic parts.
                            41 to
                               Operation

                               The sampler is activated at a distance five meters
                               below the surface of the water. Two of three no-
                               load switches then need to be turned on for 30
                               seconds when the sampler reaches the sediment to
                               be sampled in order to start the motor. The motor
                               then pushes the lead screw, which pushes the core
                               tubes into the sediment. When the maximum core
                               penetration has been reached, the "catchers" close.
                               The sampler is then retracted.
                               Training and Other Requirements

                              A boat with winch and crane is required for
                              sampling operation. Proper training and licensing
                              is required for boat operation during sample
                              collection.

                              Sample collection personnel should review all
                              manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                              understanding of sampler operating principles prior
                              to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
Trident Sensors
1 Forestry Cottages, Fisher Lane
Chiddingfold                Surrey              GU8 4FT  England (UK)
Phone      +441428 682995  Fax   +441428 684827       URL  http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homcpages/tridentsensors/
Email      tridentsensors@btopenworld.com

Cost Information
I   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
|        $51,814.92         $51,814.92  (March 2003) Piston multi-corer only

-------
PISTON MULTI-CORER

-------
Sampler Type Piston
Number of Personnel Required

Weight (Kg)   3.4  to
General Description
(  Core  )       Name  Piston-Type Bed Material Hand Sampler (USBMH-53)
          Dimensions  5.1 cm O.D. x 20.3 cm    to
                       length; 116.8 cm total
                       with piston rod
                                           Volume (Liters)
 The Bed Material Hand Sampler is used to collect a sample from
 the bed of a shallow stream that may be waded. The sampler
 consists of a cylinder with a piston, which is pressed into the
 stream bed. The sampler has a stainless steel body with a brass
 piston.

 Advantages:
 - The device is effective for collection of most sediment types.
 - Good sample recovery is generally obtained when using the
 device.

 Disadvantages:
 - Samples must be removed from core tube on site.
 -The steel barrel of the sampler may cross contaminate sediment
 sample.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
 Chemical and Physical Compatabllity

 The sampler has a stainless steel body with a brass piston.
 Stainless steel is compatible for use with organic-contaminated
 sediments, but is not the preferred choice for metals-
 contaminated sediments. Brass is not preferred for contaminated
 sediments because it can absorb analytes or react with samples,
 thus effecting analytical results.
                           0.4 to  2
                               Operation

                               The piston rod passes through the sampler frame.
                               As the cylinder is pressed into the sediment, the
                               piston is retracted. The suction created by the
                               piston holds the sample in the cylinder. The
                               sediment is pushed out of the cylinder by the piston
                               to collect samples.
                               Training and Other Requirements

                              Minimal training is required.

                              Sample collection personnel should review all
                              manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                              understanding of sampler operating principles prior
                              to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Rickly Hvdroloeical Company
 1700 Joyce Avenue
 Columbus                 OH
 Phone     614-297-9877    Fax
 Email      sales@rickly.com
           43219     USA
614-297-9878         URL  www.ricklv.com
.Cost Information
]   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
          $385.00
  (March 2003) Sampler only

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PISTON-TYPE BED MATERIAL HAND SAMPLER

-------
Sampler Type  Clamshell Bucket    (   Grab  )       Name  Ponar Grab
Number of Personnel Required 1 to 2       Dimensions  15.2 x 15.2 cm
                                       to   22.9x22.9 cm
Weight (Kg)    10  to 22.7

General Description
Volume (Liters)
 The Ponar Sampler is used in fresh and salt water to collect
 samples of hard sediments such as sand, gravel, consolidated silt or
 clay. The device is a deliberately heavy for biting deep into the
 bottom. Hinges and hinge pins can absorb thousands of bottom
 impacts.

 The two types of Ponar grab samplers are (1) standard and (2)
 petite.  The standard Ponar collects a larger volume of sample than
 the petite Ponar; however the construction is basically the same.

 Advantages:
 - This device can be used for most sediment types.
 - A large sample volume can be collected with this sampler.
 - This sampler is effective for coarse sediment collection.

 Disadvantages:
 - The device may not close completely.
 - The metal frame of the sampler can cause cross contamination.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
 Chemical and Physical Compatabillty

 Constructed of stainless steel and neoprene rubber. Stainless
 steel is compatible for organic-contaminated sediments, but is
 not the preferred choice for metals-contaminated sediments.

 Neoprene rubber- Neoprene is compatible with most
 contaminants of concern.
1 to 8.2
  Operation

  The sampler possesses self-closing scoops that have
  a center pivot closing action. When the scoops
  strike the bottom, their tapered cutting edges
  penetrate with little sample disturbance. An
  attached under-lip clears the scoop of pebbles and
  cobble that may interfere with closing. Removable
  side plates prevent the lateral loss of sample as
  scoops close. The sampler uses a spring-loaded pin
  that releases when cable or line slackens.

  Removable screens on top of each scoop allow
  water to flow through as it descends, diminishing
  the frontal shock wave and reduces surface
  disturbance. Both screens are covered with
  neoprene rubber flaps that close during retrieval.
                       Training and Other Requirements

                      A boat with winch is required for sample
                      operations. Proper training and licensing is
                      required for boat operation during sample
                      collection.

                      Sample collection personnel should review all
                      manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                      understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                      to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Duncan & Associates
 Jeeves Bank                      Fernleigh Road
 Grange-over-               Cumbria            LAI 17H  UK
 Sands
 Phone
 Email
+44(0)1539533  Fax   +44(0)1539534963
info@duncanand associates.co.uk
URL www.duncanandassociates.co.uk/
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Mln  Base Cost Max  Cost Description
                                   Not available

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Manufacturer Information
 GENEQ
 g047 Jarry East
 Montreal
 phone     514-354-2511
 Email      info@geneq.com
QC
Fax
           H1J 1H6
514-354-6948
 USA
URL
[Cost Information
   Base Cost Win  Base Cost Max Cost Description
           $450.00          $745.00  (March 2003) Minimum cost is for lightweight 6x6 inch ponar; maximum cost is for heavy weight 9x9
                                   inch ponar.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Halltech Environmental Inc.
 129 Watson Road South
 Guelph                    Ontario            NIL1E4   Canada
 Phone     866-425-5832     Fax   519-766-0729         URL  www.htex.com
 Email     sales@htex.com
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Mln  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                  Not available

-------
Manufacturer Information
Wildlife Supply Company (Wildco)
95 Botford Place
Buffalo                     NY                14216    USA
Phone     800-799-8301     Fax    800-799-8115          URL www.wildco.com
Email      goto@wildco.com
 Cost Information
   Base Cost MIn   Base Cost Max  Cost Description
          $699.00          $1,075.00  (March 2003) Minimum cost is for petite ponar; maximum cost is for standard ponar. Each cost includes j
                                    all accessories.
  e"'*^>£*^ii^^;;f:a^^A;:^

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PONAR SAMPLER

-------
 Sampler Type Manual Push        (  Core  )       Name  Russian
Number of Personnel Required 1            Dimensions  S cm 0
                                                         length
 Weight (Kg)  NA  to
          S'                               Volume (Uters)      1

 General Description

 The Russian Peat Borer is a side-filling, chambered-type sampling
 device consisting of a stainless steel tube equipped with a bottom
 point and cover plate that is sharpened and rotates inside the tube.
 It is capable of sampling from discrete intervals, and  is operated
 using extension rods and a "T" handle.

 Advantages:
 -  One operator can collect sediment samples.

 Disadvantages:
 - Sampler application is limited to shallow water applications only.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out  of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulling from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical  Compatablllty

 The stainless steel construction of the device will not interfere
 with most contaminant measurements. Stainless steel is
 compatible for use with organic-contaminated sediments, but is
 not the preferred choice for metals-contaminated sediments.
Peat Borer
.D. x 50 cm in


  to  3.3
  Operation
to   7.5 cm O.D. x 75 cm in
     length
 The sampler is driven to the desired depth in the
 closed or sealed position. At the target depth, the
 "T" handle is turned clockwise 180 degrees, which
 causes the sharpened cover plate to rotate and cut
 and semi-cylindrical-shaped sediment sample, until
 the cover plate contacts the opposite side of the
 tube. The contained samples can then be recovered
 without risk of contamination from overlying
 material.
 Training and Other Requirements

Minima] training is required.
Sample collection personnel should review all
manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
understanding of sampler operating principles prior
to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Aquatic Research Instruments
 P.O. Box 93
 Lemhi                     ID                83465    USA
 Phone     1-800-320-9482   Fax    208-756-8434         URL  www.aquaticresearch.com
 Email      hydrobio@aol.com
Cost Information
I   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
          $725.00                   (March 2003) Includes sampler, "T" handle, 1.2 meters of extension rods,and carrying case.
   , , » *   ,.    »•»••.*«•» ^~-~ MX!  r .v^nr». , ^uuvnovr r  * .—.»«•*——^ -^— .» » - ^,t- « "^C ' J "*  """f  * *» * ^* *5 *
   - -; 2*^

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Duncan & Associates
 Jeeves Bank                      Fernleigh Road
 Grange-over-               Cumbria            LA117H  UK
 Sands
 phone     +44(0)1539533  Fax    +44(0)1539534963
 Email     info@duncanand associates.co.uk
URL www.duncanandassociates.co.uk/
Cost Information
   Base Cost Mln  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                   Not available

-------
Manufacturer Information
 EnviroEquip Ptv Ltd.
 Ground Floor, 16/380 Eastern Valley
 Way
 Chatswood                 New South Wales     2067      Australia
 Phone     0294171513     Fax    0294177669         URL  www.enviroequip.com
 Email      sydney@enviroequip.com
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max  Cost Description
I                                  Not available

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Halltech Environmental Inc.
 129 Watson Road South
 Guelph                    Ontario            NIL 1E4   Canada
 Phone     866-425-5832     Fax   519-766-0729         URL  www.htex.com
 Email      sales@htex.com
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Win  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                  Not available


-------
RUSSIAN-TYPE BORER

-------
Sampler Type Mechanical Trap    (  Grab  )       Name  Underway Bottom Sampler (Scoopfish)
Number of Personnel Required  1            Dimensions  4.4 cm diameter., 38.1     to
                                                         cm length
Weight (Kg)     5  to
                                           Volume {Liters)   0.08 to
                                                                 Operation
General Description

 The Scoopfish is used for rapid collection of sequential sediment
 samples while traversing a water body by boat without stopping.
 The sampler can be attached to a hand line or oceanographic wire
 and allowed to free fall to depths of 200 meters. It is equipped
 with a fin tail to maintain alignment, and can collect samples of
 soft to hard sediments.

 Advantages:
 . The sampler allows for fairly rapid sample collection from a boat
 jn motion.

 pisadvantages:
 _ A relatively small sample volume is collected using this sampler.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 Decent of the sampling device.
Chemical and Physical Compatabllity

 Stainless steel construction will not interfere with most
 cOntaminant measures. Stainless steel is compatible with
 organic-contaminated sediments, but is not the preferred choice
 f0t metals-contaminated  sediments.
                                                                 The device  descends nose-downward and the open
                                                                 cup penetrates the sediment. Upon impact, the
                                                                 sediment forces the cup back into the body of the
                                                                 device and releases a spring-tensioned cover plate.
                                                                 The center of gravity shifts as the device is lifted,
                                                                 and it ascends nose-upward.
                                                                 Training and Other Requirements

                                                                 Boat operation may be required.  Proper training is
                                                                 required for small boat operations.

                                                                 Sample collection personnel should review all
                                                                 manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                                                                 understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                                                                 to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Kahl Scientific Instrument Corporation
 P.O. Box 1166
 ElCajon                   CA               92022-11  USA
 Phone     619-444-2159     Fax                       URL
 Email      kahl@kahlsico.com
post Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
        $1,760.00         $1,760.00  (March 2003) Underway bottom sampler (scoopfish) No. 214WA120

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                           \
UNDERWATER BOTTOM SAMPLER (SCOOPFISH)

-------
Sampler Type Mechanical Trap    (  Grab  )       Name  Shipek Grab Sampler
Number of Personnel Required  l or 2       Dimensions  10.2 x 15.2 x 15.2 cm     to   47.2 x 63.8 x 44.2 cm
Weight (Kg)     5  to 61.2

General Description
Volume (Liters)
 The Shipek Sampler is designed to sample unconsolidated
 sediments from deep lakes and near offshore.  Maximum depth of
 penetration is approximately 10 cm.

 The two types of Shipek grab samplers are the standard Shipek and
 the mint Shipek.

 Advantages:
 . The sample bucket opens to allow sub-sampling.
 . The device  effectively samples fine grained sediments.

 pisadvantages:
 _ The metal frame may cause cross contamination
 _ The standard Shipek requires crane or winch for operation.
 . The device  may close prematurely.

 ^ wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
 Chemical and Physical Compatability
0.5 to 3
    Operation

    The sampling device consists of two concentric half
    cylinders, the outer of which is the sampler body. A
    cocking wrench is used for winding the torsion
    springs. A safety hook prevents premature release
    of the springs when held in the safety position. Cast
    into each end of the frame are stabilizing handles
    which, along with its weight, hold the sampler
    upright during descent.
       or stainless steel; cast alloy steel- Mild steel and cast alloy
  steel is not preferred for contaminated sediments because it can
  absorb analytes or react with samples, thus effecting analytical
  results.

  Stainless steel is compatible with organic-contaminated
  sediments, but  is not the preferred choice for metals-
  contaminated sediments.
                       Training and Other Requirements

                      Standard Shipek requires winch; mini Shipek can
                      be deployed without a winch or crane.

                      A boat may be required for sampling operations.
                      Proper training and licensing is required for boat
                      operation during sample collection.

                      Sample collection personnel should review all
                      manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                      understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                      to using sampling equipment.

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Duncan & Associates
 Jeeves Bank
 Grange-over-
 Sands
 Phone
 Email
                                Fernleigh Road
                          Cumbria            LA11 7H
           +44 (0) 15395 33  Fax    +44 (0) 15395 34963
           info@duncanand associates.co.uk

.Cost Information
   Base Cost MIn  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                   Not available
 UK
URL www.duncanandassoeiates.co.uk/

-------
Manufacturer Information
 Wildlife Supply Company CWildco)
 95 Botford Place
 Buffalo                   NY               14216
 phone    800-799-8301    Fax    800-799-8115
 Email     goto@wildco.com
USA
URL www.wildco.com
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Mln  Base Cost Max Cost Description
         $5,799.00         $6,594.00  (March 2003) Maximum cost includes extra sampler bucket

-------
SHIPEK SAMPLER

-------
Sampler Type Gravity Corer
Number of Personnel Required

Weight (Kg)   9.1  to 40.8
 General Description
  (  Core  )      Name  Slide-hammer corer
1-2          Dimensions   Core tube inner
                          diameter: 5 cm; Length:
to   Core tube inner diameter:
     7.5 cm; Length: 1.25 m
                          1.25m
                                           Volume (Liters)
 The Slide Hammer assembly is constructed of aluminum, bronze,
 and stainless steel. The bronze hammer slides on a stainless steel
 rod.  A weight is lifted and dropped to force the corer through
 hard sediments.

 Advantages:
 - The device is relatively light weight.
 - The sampler is effective on hard substrates.

 Disadvantages:
 . This sampler may not be appropriate for sampling sediments with
 organic contamination.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
 Chemical and Physical Compatability

 The sampler is constructed with a bronze slide hammer. Bronze
 is compatible for organic-contaminated sediments, but is not
 preferred for metals-contaminated sediments.

 The sampler is also constructed with a stainless steel rod.
 Stainless steel is compatible for organic-contaminated sediments,
 but is not the preferred choice for metals-contaminated
 sediments.

 The sampler also consists of a derlin and stainless steel core
 head, polycarbonate core tube and polyethylene end caps.
 plastics are not preferred for use with organic-contaminated
 sediments, but are compatible for metals-contaminated
 sediments and sediments contaminated with other organic
 species.
                              2.2 to
                                  Operation

                                  The bronze slide hammer slides on a stainless steel
                                  rod, and is lifted and dropped to force the corer
                                  head through harder substrates.

                                  The core head is constructed of derlin and stainless
                                  steel. During penetration into the sediment surface,
                                  water is passes through the core tube by a one-way
                                  check valve. The check valve prevents sediment
                                  loss during retrieval by creating a vacuum.

                                  Penetration into the sediments is adjusted by
                                  changing the weight of the corer.  The corer weight
                                  can be adjusted by adding or removing the 4 ballast
                                  rings (10 kg each) which slide tightly over the core
                                  head.
                                  Training and Other Requirements

                                  No specific training indicated by manufacturer.

                                  Sample collection personnel should review all
                                  manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                                  understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                                  to using sampling equipment.

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Manufacturer Information
Aquatic Research Instruments
P.O. Box 93
Lemhi                     ID                83465
Phone     1-800-320-9482   Fax    208-756-8434
Email      hydrobio@aol.com

Cost Information
,*
I   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                           USA
                          URL www.aquaticreseafch.coir
          $633.00
$809.00  (March 2003) Minimum cost is for the 5 cm diameter model; the maximum cost is for the 7.5 cm diameter
        model.

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Manufacturer Information
Halltech Environmental Inc.
129 Watson Road South
Guelph                   Ontario           NIL 1B4
Phone     866-425-5832    fax    519-766-0729
Email      sates@htex.com
 Canada
URL www.htex.com
Cost Information
  Base Cost Mln  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                 Not available

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SLIDE-HAMMER CORER

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Sampler Type Clamshell Bucket    (   Grab  )       Name Smith-Mclntyre Grab (also Day Grab)
Number of Personnel Required 2           Dimensions  H = 60cm, L = 70cm,    to
 Weight (Kg)    40  to 100

 General Description
                                                         W = 70 cm.
Volume (Liters)
 The Smith-Mclntyre Grab Sampler is an automatic device that
 collects a bottom sediment sample upon contact with the ocean
 floor. The device can be used for sampling in either shallow or
 deep oceanic waters.

 Advantages:
 - The device has good leverage for sediments with hard substrates.

 Disadvantages:
 - The device may not be suitable for sampling sediments
 contaminated with metals.
 - Sampling operations require multiple workers for deployment

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
 Chemical and Physical Compatability

 Stainless steel is compatible organic-contaminated sediments,
 but is not the preferred choice for metals-contaminated
 sediments.
10 to  20
   Operation

   The sampler is mounted on a weighted steel frame,
   suspended from the lowering wire, with springs to
   force the two-jaw bucket into the sediment when
   released. Two tripping pads positioned below the
   square-based frame on which the bucket is
   suspended, make contact with the bottom first and
   are pushed upward to release two latches holding
   the spring-loaded bucket jaws.

   A free-fall from approximately 10 meters above the
   sediment is sufficient for penetration of most
   substrates. Raising of the wire exerts tension on
   cables connected to the end of each bucket-jaw arm
   and causes the jaws to pivot shut. A removable
   frame, fitted with a 2.5 mm (0.062") aperture
   stainless-steel screen, is attached at the top of each
   jaw. During the lowering operation rubber flaps
   fastened to the screen frames lift to allow water to
   flow through the screens and minimize the shock
   wave disturbing the surface layers of the sediment.
   The rubber flaps cover the stainless-steel screens
   during the retrieval operation and prevent wash out
   of sediments.
   Training and Other Requirements

   A boat is required for sampling operations. Proper
   training and licensing is required for boat operation
   during sample collection.

   Sample collection personnel should review all
   manufacturer's operating instructions and have  an
   understanding of sampler operating principals prior
   to using sampling equipment.

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Manufacturer Information
 Duncan & Associates
 Jeeves Bank                       Fernleigh Road
 Grange-over-               Cumbria           LA117H   UK
 Sands
 Phone     +44 (0) 15395 33  Fax   +44 (0) 15395 34963
 Email      info@duncanand associates.co.uk
URL  yyww.duncanandassociates.co.uk/
Cost Information
   Base Cost Win  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                   Not available


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Manufacturer Information
 Kahl Scientific Instrument Corporation
 P.O. Box 1166
 El Cajon                  CA
 phone     619-444-2159    Fax
 Email     kahl@kahlsico.com
92022-11
 USA
URL
ICost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                  Not available

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Manufacturer Information
 KC Denmark
 Holmbladsvej 19 - DK - 8600
 Silkeborg
 Phone     +45 86828347    Fax
 Email      kc@kc-denmark.dk
+45 86824950
 Denmark
URL http://www.kc-denmark.dk/
 Cost Information
!  Base Cost Mln  Base Cost Max Cost Description
|       $4,135.00         $4,135.00  (March 2003) KC Day Grab/Modified Smith and Mclntyre.

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SMITH-MCINTYRE SAMPLER

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 Sampler Category             Grab

Sampler Type Manual Trap       (  Grab )      Name  Split Core Sampler
Number of Personnel Required  1            Dimensions   3.5 cm
                                      to   6.35 cm
Weight (Kg)   4.5   to

General Description
Volume (Liters)   0.05 to  2
                       Operation
 The Split Core Sampler is an end-filling sampler designed to
 collect undisturbed sediment of to a maximum of 1.2 meters below
 the sediment surface. The sampler collects samples from the
 sediment surface downward, not at discrete depth intervals.
 Sampler components include one of more split core tubes,
 couplings for attachment to additional split core tubes, a ball check
 valve-vented top cap, a coring tip, one or more extension rods, and
 a cross handle. The components are manufactured from stainless
 steel, however carbon steel rods are also available. A retaining
 cylinder may also be used with the corer, which permits
 lengthwise opening of the unit for segmenting and storing the
 sample in a container for laboratory analysis.

 The sampler can be purchased in dimensions from 3.5 to 6.4 cm in
 diameter with 15.2 cm and 30.5 cm depth reach, with extensions to
 reach a  1.2 meters sediment  surface depth.

 Advantages:
 - Effective in nearly all sediment types
 - Relative inexpensive

 Disadvantages:
 - Variable recovery

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in  the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
 Chemical and Physical Compatabillty

 Based upon the sampler's material of construction and
 engineering design, the spilt core sample is sturdy. The  sediment
 interface surface with the device is stainless steel. Stainless steel
 is compatible with organic-contaminated sediments, but is not
 the preferred choice for metals-contaminated sediments. The
 disposable acetate retaining  cylinder provides for minimization
 of the risk of cross contamination, however, the plastic has the
 potential to cause interference with organic contaminant
 measurements of sediments.
                      To collect a sediment sample, the device is either
                      manually pushed into the sediment using the cross
                      handle or hammered into the sediment using a slide
                      hammer or an electric hammer. The check valve in
                      the closure of the tube permits water to exit the
                      sampler during deployment and creates a vacuum to
                      help retain the collected sediment core during
                      sample retrieval. The sampler can be retrieved by
                      hand, by reverse hammering using the slide-
                      hammer, or by using a tripod-mounted winch. An
                      electric hammer, which induces vibrations into the
                      sampler can be selected to support this sampler
                      when obtaining maximum recovery of sediment
                      sample.

                      When used with the acetate core tube liner, the
                      sampler does not require complete disassembly to
                      extrude the sample and reassembly after the
                      sampling event. The coring tip or top cap can be
                      detached to permit removal of the core tube liner
                      containing the sediment core.
                      Training and Other Requirements

                      The split core sampler is easy to operate.

                      Sample collection personnel should review all
                      manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                      understanding of sampler operating principles prior
                      to using sampling equipment.

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Manufacturer Information
 Arts Manufacturing and Supply Inc.
 105 Harrison
 American Falls             Idaho
 Phone     208-226-2017    Fax
 Email
83211     USA
        URL  htip://www.ams-samDlers.com
Cost Information
|   Base Cost Min Base Cost Max Cost Description
|          $550.00           $660.00  (March 2003)

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Manufacturer Information
 Wildlife Supply Company fWildco)
 95 Botford Place
 Buffalo                    NY                14216
 Phone      800-799-8301    Fax    800-799-8115
 Email      goto@wildco.com
USA
URL www.wildco.com
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
          $269.00           $989.00  (March 2003) Minimum cost is for the hand corer with no liner; the maximum cost is for stainless steel
                                   model with liner

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SPLIT CORE SAMPLER

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Sampler Type Clamshell Bucket    (  Grab  )      Name Van Veen Grabs (when modified called Power Grab and Mo
Number of Personnel Required 2 or more    Dimensions  35.1 cm x 70.1cm        to   50x100 cm
 Weight (Kg)  14.1  to 120

 General Description
Volume (Liters)
 The Van Veen Sampler comes in several sizes and is constructed
 of corrosion-protected or galvanized materials, or stainless steel. It
 can be used in surging or rough seas without premature closure. It
 is designed to descend vertically through strong underwater
 currents and collects samples without excessively disturbing the
 sediment.

 Modified versions such as the Power Grab or the Modified Van
 Veen achieve deeper penetration and sample a larger surface area.
 Some modified samplers are also referred to as Ted-Young
 Modified Van Veen or Ted-Young sampler.

 Advantages:
 - Plastic sample liners are used to prevent cross contamination.
 - The sampler is capable of sampling in most sediment types.
 - A large, intact sample volume can be collected with this sampler.

 Disadvantages:
 - The sampler jaws may not completely close.
 - The metal frame may cross contaminate samples.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
 Chemical and Physical Compatabillty

 Type 316 stainless steel is used. Buckets may also be coated
 with Teflon to provide a more inert surface. May have neoprene
 flaps; zinc-plated steel chain. Stainless steel is compatible with
 organic-contaminated sediments, but is not the preferred choice
 for metals-contaminated sediments. The zinc-plated steel chain
  is not preferred for sampling contaminated sediment.

 Teflon and neoprene is compatible with most contaminants of
  concern.
8 to  75
  Operation

  In using the Van Veen Sampler, as the lowering
  wire slackens, the hook on the release device rotates
  and the short suspension chains fall free.  When the
  retrieved wire is slowly made taut, chains, attached
  at the top of the release, exert force on the lever
  arms, causing them to gradually lift. The upward
  movement of the arms causes the bucket to dig
  deeper into the sediment as it closes. After retrieval
  of the bucket, the sediment is released into a
  container.
                       Training and Other Requirements

                      A boat with winch and crane is required for
                      sampling operations. Proper training and licensing
                      is required for boat operation during sample
                      collection.

                       Sample collection personnel should review all
                      manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                      understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                      to using sampling equipment.

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Manufacturer Information
                                Fernleigh Road
                          Cumbria            LA117H  UK
Duncan & Associates
Jeeves Bank
Grange-over-
Sands
Phone      +44(0)1539533  Fax   +44(0)1539534963
Email      info@duncanand associates.co.uk
                                                     URL  www.duncanandassociates.co.uk/
 Cost Information
   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
                                   Not available

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Manufacturer Information
 Kahl Scientific Instrument Corporation
 P.O. Box 1166
 El Cajon                   CA
 Phone     619-444-2159    Fax
 Email     kahl@kahlsico.com
92022-11  USA
         URL
 Cost Information
I  Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
I         $952.00         $10,410.00  (March 2003) Minimum cost is for 250 square cm grab; Maximum cost is for a 75 liter grab sampler.

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Manufacturer Information
 Wildlife SuoDlv Company (Wildco}
 95 Botford Place
 Buffalo                   NY               14216
 Phone     800-799-8301    Fax   800-799-8115
 Email      goto@wildco.com
 USA
URL www.wildco.com
Cost Information
   Base Cost Win 'Base Cost Max Cost Description
        $1,995.00         $1,995.00  (March 2003) Includes sampler only

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VAN VEEN SAMPLER

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Sampler Type Mechanical Oscillati (  Core  )
Number of Personnel Required  2 or mor

Weight (Kg)  45.4  to 136

General Description
       Name  Vibracore
 Dimensions   Inner diameter: 5.1 cm.;   to   Inner diameter: 7.6 cm.;
               Length: 102 cm.               length: 12.7 m.
Volume (Liters)
 The vibracore Sampler is designed to collect sediment samples
 from lakes, bays, and estuaries. The device is constructed of
 stainless steel and uses a PVC core tubes.  The device is powered
 by a portable generator.

 Several models available, including VT-lc,P-3c, P-5c, and VT-6.
 The manufacturer states that these samplers differ in terms of
 portability, mode of vibration, force, power requirements and
 depth rating.

 VT-lc: Its thin non-armored electro-cable can be handled without
 mechanical means to an approximate depth of about 150 m (495
 feet). A Kevlar-jacketed cable is recommended beyond this depth.
 The VT-1 operates at a range near "resonant-drive", and in a
 "vibro-torsional" mode. The high-speed contra-rotating vibrators
 are positioned along the same axis rather than in parallel.
 A buoyant frame can be used to sample sediments in deep waters.

 Advantages:
 - Generally a good sample recovery can be obtained from the
 sampler.
 - The vibracore can penetrate to nearly 13 meters  to collect
 sediment samples.

 Disadvantages:
 - The sampler is only effective in collecting soft sediments.
 - The device is most effective in low energy environments.
 - The device may require underwater assembly.

 The use of core collection devices for sampling typically causes
 compression and/or compaction of sediments.

 A wash out of fine grains in the sampled surface sediment can
 occur, resulting from water column bow wave induced during the
 decent of the sampling device.
 Chemical and Physical Compatabllity

 The sampler possesses a stainless steel frame and corer. Stainless
 steel is compatible for organic-contaminated sediments, but is
 not the preferred choice for metals-contaminated  sediments.

 PVC core tubes can be used for sampling operations- Plastics
 are not preferred for use with organic-contaminated sediments,
 but are compatible for metals-contaminated sediments and
 sediments contaminated with other organic species.
1.4 to 37.7
    Operation

    The vibracorer is designed to obtain cylindrical
    cores in soft, cohesive sediments to depths of up to
    150 meters.

    The unit is placed on the floor of the water body,
    and then the electrical vibration head is activated to
    drive the core-barrel containing the PVC core-liner
    into the seafloor. The stationary piston system
    assists in the intrusion of sediment into the barrel
    with minimum disturbance. After recovery of the
    vibration unit the core can be rotated to a horizontal
    position to facilitate the removal of the liner with
    the sample. The slide indicator enables you to check
    the achieved penetration depth.
                       Training and Other Requirements

                       Requires a boat with winch and crane. Proper
                       training and licensing is required for boat operation
                       during sample collection.

                       May require under water assembly by divers.

                       Sample collection personnel should review all
                       manufacturer's operating instructions and have an
                       understanding of sampler operating principals prior
                       to using sampling equipment.

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Manufacturer Information
 ROSSFELDER CORPORATION
 PO Box 1030
 Poway                    CA               92074-10  USA
 Phone     858-679-7361    Fax    858-679-7491         URL  www.rossfelder.com/
 Email
Cost Information
j   Base Cost Min  Base Cost Max Cost Description
\       $21,000.00
$41,800.00  (March 2003) Minimum cost is for the VT-1 model; the maximum cost is for the P5c and VT-6 models.  j
          Cost includes sampler only, no additional parts.                                           j

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Manufacturer Information
 Seabed
 Visseringstraat 10

 Phone     00 31 (0) 255 53   Fax
 Email      seabed@seabed.nl
        1975 BR Ijmuiden

        00 31 (0) 255 533945
Denmark
URL www.seabed.nl
jCost Information
   Base Cost Min
Cost Max Cost Description
          Not available

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VIBRACORER

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