U.S.EPA New  England
   Regional  Laboratory
         United States
         Environmental Protection
         Agency New England
EPA- 901-F-04-005
May 2004

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Introduction
       Preparing samples for
             analysis
                         I   EPA's New England Regional
                            Laboratory (NERD, part of EPA's
                            extensive national network of scientific
                            research and regional laboratories,
                            supports the New England office.
                            NERL, located in Chelmsford, Massa-
                            chusetts, is a state-of-the-art "green"
                            facility that houses an organization
                            responsible for the design, collection
                            and analysis of environmental data.
 NERL uses its scientific and engineering  staff, with expertise in
 chemistry, biology, engineering and environmental science, to ensure
 that high quality and sound science are the foundation of the
 environmental measurement work conducted in the region. EPA
 scientists and engineers use state-of-the-art equipment and techniques
 and apply rigorous quality assurance standards.

 The results of field and laboratory studies support EPA's mission to
 protect human health and the environment by:

  • monitoring and analyzing environmental conditions to determine
    human health risk and  ecological health;
   1 determining compliance with environmental laws and regulations;
   1 measuring environmental benefits and  our programs' progress; and,
  • identifying emerging threats to the environment or
    public health.
                             The New England Regional Laboratory
                             conducts its monitoring and analytical
                             work coilaboratively with EPA and state
                             programs, interstate organizations, New
                             England tribes, other federal agencies,
                             local governments, non-governmental
                             organizations and academic institutions.
                             Working with our partners, we strive to
                             be leaders in identifying emerging envi-
                             ronmental problems and in developing
                             new and innovative solutions to collecting
                             and integrating environmental data and
                             information across all media.
13
 Inside  EPA's Mobile Lab

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Case Studies

                                               Laboratory chemist analyzing samples
Making Urban Yards Safe for Children
Lead poisoning remains a serious threat to
children's health  today  even  though
children's blood lead  levels have declined
dramatically in the past 20 years.  Lead
contamination in  the  environment is the
legacy of fed-based  paint and leaded
gasoline which were banned in  the 1970s.
Residential lead-contaminated  soils have
been identified as a major route of  Exposure
for children. The  Lead Safe Yard Project
reduced exposure of Boston-area children to
lead-contaminated soils. A NERL chemist
and a certified industrial  hygienist |rom the
Bowdoin Street Community  Health  Center
performed on-site  analysis of residential soils
for lead content.  They developed
contamination "maps" for each residential  yard by testing soil  adjacent to the house,
children's play areas,  and any bare  soil areas,,'A I most 100 yards  have  been tested by
EPA.  Contaminated yards were then improved using landscaping treatments  to reduce
the risk of lead exposure to children in the tiomes. More  information on the Lead Safe
Yard project, including  an electronic copy of  a handbook for implementing a  lead safe
yard project in your community is available at: www.epa.gov/regionl/leadsafe/index.html
the results: Lead hazards reduced  and children's  health protected.

Drinking Water Contamination in Pascoag
in September of 2001, the Pascoag  Utility District (PUD), the water supplier for the
Village  of Pascoag in  Burrillville, RI, advised  its customers unot  to drink the water"
because of MTBE (methyl tertiary butyl ether) contamination from leaking fuel storage
tanks. EPA immediately sampled the untreated well water and found MTBE levels
between 300-400  parts per billion (ppb), more than ten times greater than the  State of
Rhode  Island's health  advisory for MTBE. MTBE, an oxygemcontaining compound, is
added to gasoline to reduce air  pollutants from autos. Exposure to MTBE  has been linked
to cancer. Further investigation  revealed seven inches of gasoline floating on top of the
                                          groundwater  in the  vicinity of some of the
                                         town's drinking water wells.  NERL assisted
                                         the state by  providing laboratory analyses of
                                          350 water samples for volatile organic
                                          hydrocarbons and MTBE. NERL also
                                         provided support through  its Field
                                          Investigations Team, which used a direct
                                         push sampling device to sample groundwater
                                         and soil. NERL's mobile lab analyzed
                                          samples from the sampling wells  located
                                         around the site, which supported  in-the-field
                                          decisions about where  to drill next. The State
                                          of Rhode  Island ordered the  owner and
                                         operator of the site to clean it up, but
                                          bankruptcy filings by both parties left the

       Collecting sediment

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        EPA   New  England  Regional  Laborato
        Chemistry Laboratory - Chemists provide analytical testing capability to
        identify and measure chemicals in air, water, soil, sediment and waste
        samples. A broad array of sophisticated instrumentation is used to detect very
        low concentrations of toxic and indicator contaminants in the environment.
        In addition, NERL operates a mobile field chemistry laboratory which
        provides on-site analysis in support of on-going investigations.

        Biology Laboratory - Biologists analyze environmental samples for
        microbiological agents in water, aquatic and sediment toxicity, as well as
        employ new DNA techniques. Other biological activities such as fish
        processing and invertebrate identification are also conducted.

        Ecology Field Monitoring - The Ecology Monitoring Team measures the
        water quality and ecological health of New England's streams, lakes and
        estuaries through field investigations, such as pollutant monitoring, flow and
        dispersion dye studies, biomonitoring assessments, sediment oxygen demand
        studies, fish tissue contaminants (fish and shellfish) and sediment sampling.

state responsible for the cleanup. With  federal assistance, the state protected public
health by providing bottled water to PUD customers, and utilizing wells that were not
contaminated and initiating cleanup at the site. For more information, visit:
www.epa.gov/ne/pr/2003/jun/03063b.html
The results: A quick response to a  state environmental crisis and protection of
public health.
Investigating Mercury
Contamination of the Sudbury River
EPA has been involved in the clean-up
of the Nyanza Chemical Waste Dump
site since 1987,  but to further determine
its impact  on the environment,  NERL
conducted  an extensive ecological
assessment in 2003. The Nyanza site is
a 35-acre parcel of land located
adjacent to an active  industrial complex
in Ashland, MA. Due to past industrial
uses and waste disposal practices, the

Fish collection on the Sudbury River

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y  Capabilities
      Air Monitoring - The Air Monitoring Team oversees the operation of more
      than 300 ambient (outdoor) air monitors in New England for the six priority
      air pollutants (ozone, sulfur dioxide/ carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides,
      participate matter and lead) and real-time monitoring stations for ozone and
      chemicals that form ozone (ozone precursors), hazardous air pollutants, and
      fineparticulates.

      Investigations - The Investigations Team inspects and collects soil, sediment,
      water, air, v\
      determine compliance with EPA laws, regulations and permits. The team
      also oversees the stack testing of air emission sources and provides field
      investigations support at hazardous waste sites.

      Quality Assurance - Quality assurance staff help ensure that high quality
      data and  sound science are used to support Agency decisions by providing
      technical assistance for project planning, expert chemistry and engineering
      advice, method reviews, document and data reviews, training, and
      assessments of laboratory and field  operations.


      For more information, visit: www.epa.gov/ne/lab
      land, groundwater,  adjacent stream, and  the Sudbury
      River became contaminated with heavy metals,
      including mercury,  and chlorinated solvents. It is
      estimated that up to 40 metric tons of mercury
      entered the Sudbury River during  industrial activity
      from 1917 to 1978. Mercury remains in the sediment
      of the Sudbury River and has been found in nearby
      wetlands and in fish. IMERL's ecological risk assessor
      worked closely with the site's Superfund project
      manager to develop a sampling scheme to sample
      tree swallows,  mergansers, kingfishers, crayfish,
      mink and many species of fish.  Scientists used special
      techniques to sample and collect eggs, feathers, fur
      and blood—without sacrificing the animal. Sediments
      were also collected. IMERL quality assurance chemists
      ensured  that the specialized sampling and analysis
      would produce  quality data. For more information on
      Superfund and  Nyanza,  visit: www.epa.gov/ne/superfund/index2.html
      The results: Better  understanding of the extent of mercury contamination and impacts
      on the wildlife  to guide clean up activities.
Water quality monitoring

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Measuring the Health of New England Waters
Despite years of cleaning up New England's waters, EPA and the states still do not have
adequate data to measure the improvements. As a result,  NERL has undertaken a multi-
year study to determine the health of New
England waters. From 2000 to 2003, NERL
scientists conducted an  extensive biological and
chemical water monitoring effort called the New
England Wadeable Streams Project (NEWS).
The sampling approach,  using random
probabilistic design techniques, has provided a
comprehensive assessment of  the condition of
the region's wadeable streams in a statistically
and scientifically valid manner providing a data
baseline for measuring future trends.  NERL
sampled more than 50 locations  all over New
England for invertebrates,  fish communities and
water chemistry,  f-tabitat quality at each site
was also evaluated, The project provides
scientists with new Information about areas where the status of biological and water
quality conditions were previously unknown. NERL's next effort will  be to evaluate lake
and pond health.  After lakes  and ponds/ NERL will tackle New England's large rivers.  To
learn  more about NEWS, visit www.epa.gov/ne/1ab/news.html
The results:  Improved understanding of the health of New England waters and tetter
information to document our  success in protecting  them.
Stream sampling for biological
         assessment
Informing the Public of Unhealthy Air Quality Conditions
While the number of days each year that  New England's air quality violates health-based
standards; has  decreased from the 1980s, we still have too many unhealthy days of
ground-level ozone (smog) and fine particles,  NERL's Air Monitoring Team, in partnership
with the  states and tribes, ensures that we have real-time monitoring data from dozens of
monitoring sites throughout New  England. This data can be  used to forecast high pollution
levels and warn the public appropriately.  Each day, through computer downloads over
telephone lines, EPA collects the monitored readings from each of the sites and uploads
them to a publicly accessible website. EPA and
state experts use this data, to forecast air
quality for the  following day.  When unhealthy
levels are predicted, EPA and the states
quickly disseminate the forecasts to
newspapers,  radio  and  TV stations, with simple
tips that New  Englanders can follow to reduce
health risks, the air quality forecasts on the
local evening news have their origin  in the high
quality monitoring network overseen  by NERL.
For more about EPA's  air quality forecasts/ go
to: www.epa.gov/ne/airquality/forecast.html
The results:  A better informed public and
reduced health risks from air pollution.
   Air  monitoring station

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Protecting Our Environment  through
Sound Science
EPA's (Mew England Regional Laboratory monitors the health of our
environment and its impacts on public health

Monitoring the Environment
EPA, states and tribes collect data critical to implementation of our environment
programs:
    • Sampling for clean up of contaminated sites
    • Analyzing residential soil for  lead
    •  Measuring mercury deposition
    •  Monitoring air for smog,  particulates and other pollutants
    * Testing drinking water wells for arsenic
    •  Measuring water pollution
Monitoring Air Quality
Air monitors allow us to:
    •  Identify areas with unhealthy air
    •  Identify trends
    •  Use real-time data to forecast unh
•althy levels
Monitoring Ecosystem Health
EPA is embarking on a multi-year assessment of New England's waters and
aquatic life, allowing us to:
    *  Measure the biological health of lakes, rivers and streams
    •  Provide baselines by which we can measure our progress
    •  Identify polluted rivers and lakes

Assuring Compliance
Provides critical data to assure compliance with environmental  laws and rules:
    •  Inspect  facilities and collect soil, sediment, water, air, and waste samples
    •  Analyze samples to determine compliance with  permit limits
    •  Observe air emission stack tests

Responding to Emergencies
    •  Enhancing  our laboratory's ability to analyze samples and provide critical
      information to responders to disasters or terrorist incidents
    •  Building a  network of regional laboratories, each with  unique abilities, foi
      coordinated responses
    •  Supporting air monitoring for biological agents for homeland security

Leading by Example
The New England Regional Laboratory has received a LEED  (Leadership  in
Energy-and Environmental Design) Gold Award in recognition of its state-of-the-
art  green design:
    •  Energy  efficient heating, cooling and  lighting
    •  Active and  passive solar power
    •  Wind-powered electricity
    •  Recycled materials, environmentally friendly landscaping

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Contacts

    EPA New  England Regional  Laboratory
    11 Technology Dr.
    North Chelmsford, MA 01863
    1-617-918-8300

    Toll Free Customer Service
    1-888-EPA-7341  (within  New England)

    www.epa.gov/ne/lab
Directions  to  NERL
    From Downtown Boston
    Take 1-93 north 22 miles to
    1-495;  take 1-495 south  8 miles
    to exit 35 Route 3; take
    Route 3 north  about 2 miles; take exit 32; go straight through first
    light and bear right at second light onto  Route 4 north; turn right at
    the first  ight onto Technology Drive; about 1/4 mile on the  right is the
    lab, a brick building with an EPA sign.

    From Route 128
    Take exit 32 off Route 128 onto Route 3  north; take Route 3 north
    about 15 miles; take exit 32; go straight through first light and bear
    right at second light onto Route 4 north;  turn  right at the first light
    onto Technology Drive; about 1/4 mile  on the right is the lab,  a brick
    building with  an EPA sign.

    From Interstate 495
    Take exit 35 off 1-495 onto  Route 3  north; take Route 3  north about
    2 miles; take  exit 32; go straight through first light and bear right
    at second  light onto Route 4  north; turn right at  the first light onto
    Technology Drive; about  1/4 mile on  the right  is the lab, a brick
    building with  an EPA sign.

    From the North
    Take Route 3  south to exit 32; go straight  through first light;  bear  left
    at second  and  third  lights; bear right at the fourth light  onto  Route 4
    north; turn right at the first  light onto Technology Drive; about  1/4
    mile on the right  is the lab,  a brick building with an  EPA sign.
                              100% post-con

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