w England
           Cleaner Environment Through
       Energy Efficiency
                Clean Energy
&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency New England
September 21IIW-

-------
   An Introduction
 Residents of New England will en/oy
 o  healthier, safer environment when
 the Region uses less energy and
 cleaner energy. Across  these six
 northeastern  states, businesses,
 towns  and cities, nonprofit groups
 and schools  are  reducing  their
 energy use, the threat of climate
 change and improving our air quality
 and water quality.

 Here at EPA New England, we have
 made energy a priority, supporting
 programs  that cut  energy use and
 reduce its impact on  our en-
 vironment. EPA  New England has
 formed an Energy Team  whose
 members focus on  energy's impact
 on air quality and public health. This
 small group of senior staff guides
 energy-related    policies    and
 programs  meant   to encourage
 energy efficiency  and renewable
 power. Conservation efforts  com-
 plement cleaner energy sources to
 help New  England  meet the energy
 demands  of a productive  region
 while also maintaining  a healthy
 environment.

Appliances, buildings  and motor
 vehicles that use less energy  cut our
 energy needs without changing the
 quality of our lives. Renewable
 energy, such as wind power,  and
 decentralized  sources  of energy,
such as fuel cells,  help reduce our
 reliance on foreign  supplies. In this
 brochure  we recognize the chal-
 lenges  New England faces and the
accomplishments of organizations
and businesses dedicated  to cutting
energy use in this region.
 Cities and towns across New England have found they can save money
 at the same time that they respond to increased citizen interest in less
 polluting energy sources. Communities as big as Boston and as small
 as Pou/fney, VT are saving millions of dollars each year with new energy
 efficiency programs and by using cleaner, renewable energy sources.
 Among  the highlights:
               Energy Efficiency
               t   Fa/rf/e/d, CT, has saved more than $1  million on
            energy bills through energy efficiency improvements at 24
         municipal and school buildings, as well as the town's wastewater
plant. The work has been done through  a Performance Contract. A
performance contract allows
an energy services company
to do energy upgrades for
free up front, and then collects
its fee from the money saved
in energy costs over the years.

>   In  Somerv///e, MA, the
new Michael E. Capuano
School is using 43 percent less
electricity and 24 percent less
natural  gas  due to  energy
efficiency measures expected
to save the city $60,000.
>    Manchester, NH, is
saving  nearly $100,000 a
year on its energy bills by
replacing more than 3,000
traffic  lights  with energy-
efficient light emitting  diode
(LED) traffic lamps. These
lamps, which are certified
under the ENERGY STAR'5'
program, use  80  to  90
percent less energy and  last
three to four years longer.
Energy-saving fraffic lights in Manchester, NH
Robert W. Varney
Regional Administrator
EPA New England
t    New Hampshire's  Department of Justice building  uses  37
percent less energy than average for a building its size, preventing annual
greenhouse gas emissions equal to 200 vehicles while saving more than
$24,000 a year. Built in 1 955, this state building is one of 74  buildings

-------
                              Cities  and  Towns
 in New Hampshire that received extensive upgrades as part of the state's Building Energy
 Conservation Initiative.  Together these  upgrades save New  Hampshire  taxpayers
 more than $1.1 million in annual energy bills.
Ill
 >    The Maine  Public Utilities Commission Building in Augusta  was the first office building
 in the state to earn the ENERGY STAR" label. It uses 35 percent less energy than average for a building its size. Built in
 1942, the PUC building received  several upgrades, including efficient lighting and a solar hot air wall-mounted panel
 system. New operating practices reduced energy use further while improving indoor air quality and ventilation.

 >    The CT Department of Environmental Protection building  in Hartford earned an ENERGY STAR"  label after
 scoring 90 out of 100 on ENERGY STAR 's National Energy Performance Rating scale. Built in 1930 and renovated in
 1 995, it proves that older buildings can be energy efficient.  The DEP building uses one third less energy than average for
 a building that size —saving taxpayers more than $400,000 each year. It is one of more than 20 buildings upgraded by
 the State Building Energy Conservation Program that together saves taxpayers millions of dollars.

 >   Medford City Hall was the first city or town hall building in Massachusetts to earn the ENERGY  STAR'  label.
 Completed in  1937, Medford City Hall has new lighting and controls, solar panels for  electricity, more efficient
 heating,  and water conserving plumbing fixtures. Medford City Hall uses 28 percent less energy than average for a
 building  its size.

 >    Manchester,  VT, recently replaced  more than 40,000 incandescent light bulbs with energy efficient compact
 fluorescent bulbs (CFLs) that use less than  a third the energy. The  town completed this in under  six months. Over the
 lifetime of the bulbs, the project will save $1.7 million and  13,184 megawatt-hours of energy, enough to  power nearly
 1,600 Vermont households for a year. It will also prevent 7,772 tons of CO, emissions - the equivalent of  taking  1,345
 vehicles off the road.

 >    The Somersworf/i,  NH, Housing Authority saves more than  $45,000 a year on energy bills, thanks to energy-
 saving lighting  and other energy improvements at  its 169  housing units. The energy  upgrades were done through a
 performance contract with an energy services company that  guaranteed the town $540,000 in  savings over 12 years.
                  Transporfaf/on
               >    The Town of Natick, MA, worked with General Growth, the
              contractor involved in the expansion of the Natick Mall that began in
       2005, to require the use of advanced pollution control technology and low sulfur
diesel fuel and to enforce  state idling regulations for construction vehicles involved in the
project.

>   The City of Boston has equipped all 35 diesel tourist trolleys operating in the city
with diesel oxidation catalysts using a grant from EPA's National Voluntary Diesel Retrofit
Program. The city has also begun using a blend of biodiesel and ultra low sulfur diesel
for the 450 diesel vehicles in its fleet, and as of 2006, any new vehicles purchased by
the city must be a hybrid or alternative fuel vehicle, whenever possible.

-------
                                                 Clean  Energy
                                                  t     In Hull, MA, a second wind turbine was built on
                                               the site of the town's old landfill, saving the town's ratepayers
                                           $400,000 a year on their electric bills. The first wind turbine
                                  has already cut the town's electric bill by about $140,000 annually.

                                      In Durham, NH, the University of New Hampshire's cogeneration
                                  plant will use  natural gas from a nearby landfill starting in 2007. The
                                  plant will provide electricity, steam and heat to the campus using methane,
                                  a greenhouse gas that would otherwise be released into the atmosphere.
From energy efficiency to renewable power, New
England states are national leaders. These  six
states  made commitments through the  New
England Governors and Eastern Canadian
Premiers' Climate Change Action Plan to put in
place policies that are among the most aggressive
in the nation.

New England states together have committed
more than $250 million a year to energy efficiency.
These  investments combined with  aggressive
efficiency standards for home appliances are
recognized as among  the  leading efficiency
programs in the US.

In addition, EPA's ENERGY STAR" program, which
encourages businesses to reduce energy use, has
led dozens of  building managers to use EPA
software that measures  energy consumption and
helps managers cut demand in their buildings. This
approach has been adopted by hospitals, schools,
hotels and commercial office buildings throughout
the region.

When  it comes fo renewable  energy, New
England is a/so showing leadership.  Connecticut,
Massachusetts and Rhode  Island have enacted
standards  requiring increasing amounts  of
electricity sold in each state  to be generated from
renewable resources such as wind, hydro and solar
power.  In addition, those states also have funds
that spend more than $25 million a year to advance
renewable energy technologies and businesses in
their states.

Finally, many commercial, institutional and municipal
energy users are requiring that more of the energy
they buy come from renewable resources. EPA
recognizes these efforts through its Green Power
Partnership. The  City of Boston, Whole Foods
Market, Staples  and Interface Fabrics Corporation
are among more than 30 partners in New England.
                                            4

-------
             Cities  and  Towns cont'd
I    Massachusetts Maritime Academy in Bourne, MA,  and the
International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Union in Dorchesfer,
MA, built on-site wind turbines to provide electricity to their facilities.

*   Portsmouth Abbey School  in Portsmoufh, Rl, built the first large
wind turbine in the state. The 660-kilowatt turbine will save the school
more than $100,000 a year in electricity costs and will  be  used to
teach students about energy as part of their science curriculum.

>   In Vermont, 25 schools are using wood instead of  oil  to heat
their facilities. In 2004, these heating systems saved the schools more
than $370,000 and the equivalent of 700,000 gallons of fuel oil.

>    In New Haven,  CT, a 200-kilowatt fuel  cell at the city's
wastewater treatment plant is saving the city nearly $700,000  a
year in electric bills, while also supplying  the heat to run an
expanded  fats/oil/grease processing facility. This
expanded facility also pays the city $200,000 in usage
fees each year. Fuel cells produce heat and electricity
by  combining hydrogen and water in an
emission-free electrochemical  process.
>    Burlington  Electric  Department in
Burlington, VT, has signed a 20-year contract
to buy electricity from a  proposed nine-
megawatt wind farm on Little Equinox Mountain
in Manchester.  The  wind project, slated to
provide 7 percent of the city's electricity, is a
major boost to the city's goal  of reducing
greenhouse gas  emissions by 10 percent by 2010.
                       EPA NE a
                 National  Leader
                       on Energy
                       Efficiency
                EPA's New England Office also  takes
                energy efficiency seriously. The agency's
                new  regional  laboratory  in  North
                Che/msrbra1, MA is a showcase for energy
                     efficient building. The vehicle fleet
                        has been upgraded to reduce
                          emissions,   and   high
                           efficiency  systems and
                            green building features
                            have  been incorporated
                             into new  office space in
                              Posf  Office  Square,
                r             Bosfon,  that EPA New
                              England expects   to
                             occupy in 2009.
EPANew England's regional fab
  /M North Cne/msfoid, MA  A
t   Essex Junction,  VT, has installed  a  high efficiency
microturbine to provide heat and electricity to its wastewater plant.
This system will provide about 40 percent of the plant's electricity
needs, saving the city some $30,000 a year in electricity costs. The
turbine runs on natural gas, but in this case, the fuel is a renewable
by-product of the wastewater treatment process. This system will cut
the plant's greenhouse gas emissions by more than 250 tons a year
  the equivalent of taking 42 cars off the road.

^  Brockton, MA, hosts New England's largest solar energy park
on an abandoned Brownfields site. The  "Brightfield" project, which
received major funding from EPA and the Massachusetts Technology
Collaborative, will include as many as 6,720 solar panels connected
in "strings" that span  the 27-acre site.
                North Che/msford lob
           fos fhe  firsf EPA building in
       the country to get the  highest
    oting from the  U.S. Green Building
Council.  The  1.0  Gold Rating LEED
(Leadership in Energy and Environmental
Design) was given  through their rating
system designed to encourage more
sustainable  buildings.

EPA New England's motor vehicle fleet
has been transformed from one that was
reliant on SUVs and large low-mileage
sedans into a modern fleet with several
hybrid vehicles and many compact cars
for regional travel.  This overhaul of the
fleet has saved taxpayers thousands of
dollars a year in fuel costs.
                                                  -5-

-------
        Bringing Energy
        Efficiency to
      New  England's
    Lodging Industry
EPA  has partnered with trade  associations,
leading owners, and utilities to bring the message
of energy efficiency to New England's lodging
industry.  Nationwide, hotels spend almost $4
billion on energy every year, and are among the
most energy intensive commercial buildings.

EPA  is collaborating with lodging industry
associations throughout  New England to  help
hotel owners adopt a  strategic approach to
energy management. EPA has presented at two
training sessions hosted by the New Hampshire
Lodging  and Restaurant Association, and is also
training New Hampshire utility staff to coordinate
energy efficiency incentive program offerings
with a strategic energy management approach.

In Massachusetts, EPA is  partnering with Boston
Green Tourism (BGJ) to train dozens of area hotel
owners in strategic energy management.  BGT
members are already  taking the  first  step
toward  strategic  energy  management-
assessing or "benchmarking"  their  current
energy performance using the ENERGY STAR*
Portfolio Manager benchmarking tool.  EPA will
work with BGT and its members to  track and
recognize energy efficiency improvements at
these facilities. EPA also /oined Massachusetts
utilities,  energy service companies, and the
Sounders Hotel Group—-2005 ENERGY STAR®
Partner  of  the  Year—in addressing   the
Massachusetts Lodging Association during the
opening  session of their 2006 annual meeting.
Businesses across New England have also learned that
cutting energy use  is one of fhe easiesf, mosf cost-
effective ways to control costs. Companies also find they
can be more independent and predict  costs with more
accuracy by buying more of their power from  clean,
renewable energy sources. Among the examples  across
the region:
              Energy Efficiency
            >    The Sounders Hotel Group is  a
           national leader when it comes to energy and
environmental performance—earning them ENERGY
STAR^'s highest award, "Partner of the Year." Two Sounders
hotels built a century apart, the historic Lenox Hotel in
Boston and the Comfort Inn at Logan Airport, both earned
ENERGY STAR* labels. The Sounders Hotel Group
achieved these impressive results using a wide range of
technologies and practices, including: an advanced ozone
laundry system to minimize the use of hot water and
chlorine, water conserving fixtures and equipment, energy
efficient  lighting and  heating, and good management
practices.

>  Massachusetts-based Tufts Health Plan's Watertown
headquarters facility uses almost one-third less energy
than an average performing building—saving hundreds
of thousands of  dollars in  annual energy bills. A
comprehensive energy management strategy helped the
building earn an  ENERGY STAR" label in 2006. Key
features of the energy strategy include: aligning lighting
and air conditioning operations closely  with work
schedules, lighting occupancy sensors, and  computer
monitor power management software.

^  The Raytheon Corp. of Tewksbury received a national
ENERGY STAR" award for its successful lighting efficiency
program, which saves the company more than $250,000
a year. With upgrades only partially completed, Raytheon
has cut lighting costs by an average of 82 percent.

>   After launching an energy  program in 2000,
Cambridge Savings Banlc in Cambridge, MA reduced
its energy use by 22 percent between 2001 and 2002,

-------
 even though it added two new branches during this period. The
 company's energy efficiency program saves the bank more than
 $60,000 a year. Two Cambridge Savings Bank buildings earned
 the ENERGY STAR' label in 2003 and seven buildings, including
 five branches, received the label in 2004.
 >   Working with Efficiency Maine, Toy/or Farm in St. Albans, ME
 installed nine large energy efficient fans in its dairy barn instead of
                                     1 1 9 conventional fans.
                                     In addition  to expected
                                    energy savings of more
                                    than $20,000 a year,
                                    the variable speed drive
                                    units produce a more
                                    even flow of cool air that
                                    is  better for milk  pro-
                                    duction: it keeps the
                                    farm's  500 cows from
                                    bunching  around the
                                    smaller fans.
      New solar panels at Shaw's
    Supermarket in Burlington, MA
                                    t     The  Genzyme
                                    Corp. has built a new
                                    1 2-story headquarters in
                                    Cambridge, MA that
                                    will  reduce energy use
                                    by about 42 percent,
                                    saving the company
                                    about  $460,000  a
                                    year.  The building's
                                    sustainable design also
                                    includes waterless ur-
                                    inals  and   low-flow
                                    fixtures that will reduce
                                    potable  water  use by
                                    nearly a third, or about
                                    500,000 gallons a year,
and a vegetative roof and rainwater collection system that will reduce
stormwater runoff.

>   Mellon Bank's 375,000 square foot processing  facility  in
Everett, MA, was the first facility in New England to earn ENERGY
STAR' labels five years in a row. Mellon has achieved substantial
reductions in energy use primarily through better management. The
bank improved its energy performance rating score from 54  to 87
(out of  100) in just four years. Energy use has been cut by more
than  1 5 percent and total cost savings exceed half a million dollars.
                                                  7
  Bringing "Green

     Principles  to

         Shipping

The US Environmental Protection
Agency and the freight industry are
working  together   through   the
SmartWay Transport Partnership to both
make our country more secure  and
significantly  reduce air pollution  and
greenhouse gases.  The partnership
challenges shipping  companies  and
truck and rail  carriers that deliver
products to minimize  the pollution
caused by their  operations.

By 2012, this initiative aims to eliminate
33 to 66 million metric tons of carbon
dioxide emissions and up fo 200,000
tons of nitrogen oxide emissions each
year. At the same fime, the initiative will
reduce fuel use by up to  150 million
barrels of oil a year. The program, with
more than 365 partners, is developing
new tools  like  low-interest loan
programs to help finance upgrades on
vehicles. EPA New England works to
encourage trade associations, truck
and  rail carriers, shippers, ports, and
state/regional agencies to loin  the
effort. The agency promotes related
technologies and infrastructure, and
explores ways  different modes of
transportation can  work  together.

-------
          A Beacon  of

   Energy  Efficiency:

   The John Hancock

            Tower

 One of fhe mosf prominent  buildings in
 Boston's skyline is now o/so o symbol of
 energy efficiency. Boston's John Hancock
 Tower, an icon of modern architecture
 owned and managed by an affiliate of
 Beacon Capital Partners, has earned EPA's
 ENERGY STAR"  label.  Beacon Capital
 Partners also earned an  ENERGY STAR
 label for two other landmark  buildings in
 the John Hancock Tower Complex in
 2005—buildings at 200 Berkeley St. and
 1 97 Clarendon St. made significant energy
 efficiency improvements.

 Designed by I.M. Pei and completed in
 1976,  the 2.2 million square foot John
 Hancock Tower, at more than 60 stories and
 790 feet tall, is the tallest building in New
 England. It scored an impressive 77 out of
 100 on  ENERGY STAR"'s national
 performance rating system. Together with
 200 Berkeley and 197 Clarendon, the John
 Hancock Tower Complex comprises nearly
 3.2 million square feet of space.

 Compared to similar buildings with average
 energy performance, EPA estimates that the
 John Hancock Tower used almost one-third
 less energy, saving more than $3.5 million
 each year in energy bills.  When a building
 uses less energy, it generates less pollution.
 Commercial buildings account  for more
 than 17 percent of our nation's greenhouse
 gas emissions. EPA estimates that the John
 Hancock  Tower avoided more than  30
 million pounds of carbon dioxide emissions
 in 2005, and conserved enough energy to
 power more than  1,700 homes for a year.

 Like the Hancock Tower in the Boston
 skyline, the ENERGY STAR' label is easy
 to find.  And ENERGY STAR" helps
 everyone—consumers, homeowners  and
 bus/nesses —cut energy demand,  save
 money  and improve the environment. In
 2005  alone, ENERGY STAR"  helped
Americans save more than $ 12 billion on
 their energy bills and prevent greenhouse
 gas emissions equivalent to those from 23
 million vehicles.
 t    Progressive Plastics  saves nearly $18,000 a year with energy
 efficient hydraulic injection molding machines at its Williamstown, VT,
 plant. In addition to cutting electricity use by 160,000 kilowatt  hours
 a year, the more efficient machines reduced the company's scrap rate
 from 5  percent to  nearly zero and eliminated the  labor and
 environmental costs of dealing with hydraulic fluids in the old machines.

 >  The Green Co., a  home builder in Newton, MA, has built hundreds
 of ENERGY STAR'-qualified homes, including 80  in Plymouth, MA,
 that earned the company a  "2004 ENERGY STAR' for  Homes
 Outstanding Achievement Award."

 >    Gregory's Supply, a  building supply and hardware store in
 Burlington, VT, saves $10,000 a year through energy efficient
 equipment and  practices  at its 24,300-square-foot store.
                    Transportation
                            ^    IBM in Cambridge, MA,  joined
             EPA New  England's  list  of  Best  Workplaces  for
  Commuters in 2006. To help employees reduce air pollution from
their commutes, IBM offers an outstanding commuter benefits package,
including  a  transit subsidy, emergency ride  home  program  and a
significant telecommuting program.

>    PlanetTran of Cambridge, MA,  is the first  auto service  in  the
country to exclusively use ultra fuel efficient hybrid vehicles.

^  In addition to offering its employees $65 a month for transit subsidies,
the People's Bank in Bridgeport, CT, gives  employees $1 a day when
two employees commute together and $1.50 a day when  three or
more employees ride together.  People's Bank joined  EPA's Best
Workplaces for Commuters list in 2003.
                 Clean  Energy
                   The Bus/ness Council of Fairiield  Counfy and
            its member companies have embraced energy efficiency
 to save money, reduce air pollution and improve reliability of the
region's antiquated and overburdened electric system. The council and
EPA together developed an innovative program to improve energy
efficiency in large office buildings that were adopted by the  Connecticut

         8

-------
Public Utilities Commission and put in place by Northeast Utilities  and United
Illuminating. In the first round of the program, participating companies received
comprehensive energy upgrades in a total of about 8 million square feet of office
                                             space.  This saved them hundreds
                                             of  thousands  of  dollars   and
                                             significantly reduced energy use. The pilot
                                             was so successful it was  expanded to address other
                                             buildings in a second round.

                                             >    In 2004, Cranmore  Mountain in North Conway,
                                             NH, became the first ski resort on the East Coast to use
                                             biodiesel fuel to power its snow grooming machines. The
                                             project is a collaboration of the NH Department of
                                             Environmental Services and the Granite State Clean Cities
                                             Coalition, a statewide  partnership aimed at increasing
                                             the use of alternative fuels across New  Hampshire.

                                             >   National Grid,  a major electricity supplier in
                                             Massachusetts and  Rhode  Island, now offers  a
                                             renewable energy choice program called GreenUp. This
                                             program gives residential and small business customers
                                             in Massachusetts and Rhode Island several options for
                                             getting electricity from  renewable energy sources, such
                                             as wind, solar, biomass and small hydroelectric. The
                                             program, the first of its kind in New England, has already
                                             attracted more than 1,000 Rhode Island customers.  A
                                             typical  residential  customer will pay between $6 and
                                             $12.50 more  a month, depending on the  renewable
                                             source selected.

                                             ¥   Interface Fabrics Group, a commercial fabric
                                             manufacturer with facilities in Massachusetts and Maine,
                                             is buying 2.5 million kw hours of wind power a year -
                                             enough electricity to weave one million yards of Interface's
                                             environmentally conscious fabric known as Terratex. The
                                             cost of the energy certificates to support the wind power
 is more than offset by the new business generated from good  publicity and resulting good will.

 >   Public Service Co. of New Hampshire is  set to  bring on line in late 2006  a  new wood  fired
 boiler to replace a 50-megawatt coal-fired unit at its Schiller Station in Portsmouth, NH. The new wood-
 fired boiler will reduce nitrogen oxide emissions by 75 percent, sulfur dioxide emissions by 95 percent
 and mercury emissions by 90  percent.

 >  New England Confecf/onary's manufacturing facility in Revere, MA, is powered by a six-megawatt
 combined  heat and  power plant. This plant operates at 68  percent efficiency compared to  a national
 average of 33  percent for conventional generation.  The plant  saves the company about $750,000  a
 year in utility costs while cutting emissions of carbon dioxide by  32 percent, nitrogen  oxides by 39
 percent and sulfur dioxide by 97 percent per ton of candy produced.
                                                    9

-------
 Nonprofit groups can educate and inspire New Englanders obouf the wide range of possibilities for
 creating "green" buildings with energy-saving features  and renewable energy. All across the region
 from parish halls in Massachusetts, to land conservation groups  in New Hampshire—nonprof/fs are
 using new green building designs to showcase fechno/ogies fhaf are available and to demonstrate
 their own environmental  commitment.
            Energy  Efficiency
           t   Given Mark Twain's fascination with technology,  it
          only makes sense that the  new Museum Center at the
       Mark Twain House in Hartford, CT, would  include cutting-
 edge 'green' technologies.  The 33,000-square-foot building that
 opened in 2005 uses geothermal wells as the primary heating and
 cooling source and  various other energy-saving systems that are
 expected to cut energy use by nearly 30 percent.
                                                               The Mark Twain Museum Center in
                                                             Hartford, CT is fhe first LEED-certified
                                                                   museum in fhe country.
¥  By installing photovoltaic solar panels and a renewable wood-chip
heating system, Society for Protection of New  Hampshire
Forests has cut energy bills at its Concord, NH, headquarters by 23
percent. The nonprofit group has also opened a new 1 1,400-square-
foot wing built with native green-certified lumber and a super-insulated
airtight exterior shell that uses 60 percent less energy than comparably-sized buildings.

>  Through upgrades and other energy-saving measures, Ail Saints Parish of Brookline, MA, has reduced
its utility bills by nearly $5,000 a year, despite an increase in operating hours. All Saints Parish is a member
         Fostering Clean and Renewable Energy
EPA New England is working closely with state
and federal agencies to increase fhe supply of
cleaner and renewable energy resources in the
region. EPA New England is working on Cape
Cod with the Minerals Management Service ana*
fhe US Foresf Service on Deerfie/d wind projects
to ensure they are developed to minimize any
potential environmental damage and to comply
with environmental regulations.
The newer, cleaner natural gas power plants that
                                             replaced oil and older natural gas plants have
                                             helped improve the region's air quality. However,
                                             that switch has made fhe New England region
                                             rely more on natural gas and could lead to
                                             shortages.  To meef  fhis  increased  demand,
                                             private developers  have proposed several
                                             Liquefied Natural  Gas (ING) import terminals
                                             for the region. EPA New England is working with
                                             other federal and state  agencies to review
                                             proposals and minimize environmental damage
                                             caused by any new LNG terminals.
                                            10-

-------
                              Nonprofits
                                  of the Massachusetts
                                  Interfaith  Power and
                                  Electric    initiative,
                                  which  has  helped
                                  dozens   of   other
                                  congregations reduce
                                  energy consumption
                                  and        promote
                                  renewable energy.

                                  >     Roof-mounted
                                  photovoltaic panels,
                                  composting  toilets
                                  and two  1 ,500-foot
                                  geothermal wells used
                                  for heating and cooling
 are just a few of the "green" attributes of The Trustees of The
 Reservations'  new  Doyle  Conservation   Center   in
 Leominster, MA. The 1 8,000-square-foot building has cut
 its energy bill by 61  percent, or about $6,000 a year.
 >   Massachusetts Audubon's Boston Nature
 Center in Mattapan, MA, includes photovoltaic
 shingles that convert the sun's energy into
 electricity and a ground-source geothermal
 heat pump system that takes advantage of the
 solar  energy stored in the earth to provide
 efficient heating and  cooling.  The  10,150-
 square-foot building uses 30 to 35 percent less
 energy than other similarly sized buildings.
                                                Bike commuting is catching
                                                  on in Burlington, VT
               Transportation
                  The Boston  office of fnv/ronmenfa/
         Defense, a national environmental advocacy group,
joined EPA New England's list of Best Workplaces for Commuters
in  2005. ED located its Boston office near a transit stop,
encouraging employees and visitors to take public transportation.
ED offers a substantial telecommuting program, which results in
more than 20 percent of employees working from an alternative
location  at least one day a week.

                                         continued*
   Best  Workplaces

     for Commuters

EPA and the U.S. Department of Transportation
have teamed  up to honor companies and
organizations  that offer superior commuter
benefits, such as public transit subsidies, robust
telecommuting  programs  and  carpool
matching  services. Employers  that participate
    are included on New England's list of
          "Best Workplaces for Commuters."
             The list  is publicized annually
               through the  media and at
                special events across New
                 England.
             L~"~^M
                 The 2006 list includes
                  144  employers  from
                 around  New  England
                 representing    nearly
                190,000 employees in the
               region. The New England list
             represents  the full  range of
           employers  in New England and
        includes IBM Cambridge; national
  consulting firm Abt Associates; Oracle; Basis
Technology; People's Bank; the University of
New Hampshire; Seventh Generation in
Burlington, VT; Kent Hospital in Rhode Island
and EMC Corporation.

In 2002, EPA's New England office  in Boston
became the first government agency in the
region  to join the program.  More than 90
percent of the agency's Boston employees use
public transit, vanpools or bicycles in their daily
commutes.
                                                 1 I

-------
The  Northeast  Diesel

        Collaborative

Emissions  from diesel engines are a primary
source of air pollution in New England and can
aggravate  respiratory problems. Two counties
in Connecticut fail to meet air quality standards
for fine particles, and cities across New England
narrowly meet the standard. The northeastern
states have some of the highest asthma rates
in the nation, including a childhood asthma rofe
above JO percent in each New England state.

Although EPA has taken steps to  ensure that
diesel engines in the future are cleaner than
those operating today, older models of these
engines that are still being used  could pose
health and environmental risks for decades.

EPA New England, aware of the value of work-
ing  together to combat  emissions, has joined
with  EPA Region 2, the Northeast States for
Coordinated Air Use Management (NESCAUM)
and the  governments of the eight northeastern
states  to  establish the Northeast Diesel
Collaborative. This group focuses on key causes
of diesel  emissions from motor  vehicles,
construction equipment,  boats and trains. The
goals of the collaborative  are to  retrofit and
replace engines; reduce engine idling by trucks
and buses; and promote cleaner fuels.

The NEDC is joining other organizations in New
England to help with local efforts to reduce
diesel emissions.  One such  initiative is Greater
Boston  Breathes  Better, which  involves
government, businesses, schools and non-profit
organizations working to reduce air pollution
from transportation sources  in and around
Boston.  Greater Boston  Breathes Better (GB3)
provides a  range of options to companies or
institutions  that want to reduce air pollution and
air toxics from motor vehicles, trains and planes.
Boston  Coach,  for instance,  has  created  an
anti-idling program for all of its buses and limos.
Shuttle buses serving the Longwood Medical
area have been equipped with diesel particulate
matter filters and run on ultra low sulfur diesel
fuel, reducing emissions  by  more  than 90
percent. And Harvard  University runs all its
diesel vehicles on biodiesel fuel. In the past year,
nine Boston-area employers have been added
to ERA's Best Workplaces for  Commuters list,
bringing the Greater Boston area total to 78.
>   The Consensus Building Institute, a nonprofit in
Cambridge, joined EPA New England's Best Workplaces for
Commuters list in 2005. The institute offers outstanding
commuter benefits, including a telecommuting program that
reduces  7.5 percent of employee trips per month. Benefits
also include a transit subsidy and a guaranteed ride home
program.
              Clean Energy
                  The Artists  for Humanity Epicenter
               in Boston includes the largest photovoltaic
           system in New England's largest city. The 49-
                               kilowatt,  1 60-panel
              	  solar array supplies
a                               more than 80 percent
                               Hof   the   building's
              	|        electricity. The project,
                               a   LEED   Platinum
                               certified building, also
                               includes  enhanced
                               natural light,  panel
                               fans and an unusual
                               ventilation  tower that
                               eliminates the  need
                               for air conditioning.
                               The  LEED  (Leadership
                               in    Energy    and
                               Environmental Design)
                               Green  Building Rating
                               System  is a voluntary,
                               consensus-based
                               national standard for
                               developing   high-
                               performance,
                               sustainable buildings.
       SSSBi   .
The Artists for Humanity Epicenter
 includes a glass curtain wall for
      daylighting benefits.

-------
  Colleges &  Universities
University campuses,  where student idealism is combined with cost conscious
planning, are ideal for setting the bar high on energy efficiency and clean energy.
That's certainly been the case in New England, where dozens  of universities and
colleges  are working to reduce their energy consumption and  are buying renewable
energy at unprecedented  levels. And the impetus is coming from all levels—from ground-
level student activists such as CT College's Renewable  Energy Club to high-level administrators.
                Energy Efficiency
                                            >    Yale  University's Energy Program in New  Haven
                                            includes a novel  energy  conservation website (http://
                                            java.facilities.yale.edu/cmp/energy.jsp) that supports the
              program's effort to improve efficiency of power plants, update buildings, encourage emerging
             technologies and find clean energy alternatives. The web site focuses on the habits and daily life
of members of the campus community. Visitors can view in real time the amount of energy that has been saved
since January 1, 2005 at various  Yale buildings. For instance, between that date and May 2006, the school
reduced its  use of natural gas by  272,000 million cubic feet, cut its oil use by 47,000 barrels and avoided
21,200 metric tons of carbon equivalent emissions through conservation measures and new technologies. An
energy scorecard encourages students to compete with each other by showing the relative energy reductions
accomplished by various dormitories.
>    The University of New Hampshire earned  the first ENERGY
STAR"' label for college residence halls in the nation for three buildings
on its Durham campus. The halls were recognized for superior energy
performance - they use about 40 percent less energy than average for
buildings of similar sizes. This saves the university almost $80,000 a
year while preventing thousands of pounds of air pollution from entering
the atmosphere. UNH's long-standing commitment to energy efficiency
in the design and operation of campus buildings is saving the University
$4  million a year in energy compared to the  national average for
comparable buildings. Specific measures include: lighting change-outs,
new motors, revamped building control systems, and energy education
for the  maintenance and operations staff, students  and faculty.

>   In  2005, Tufrs University was among only 1 7  individuals and organizations to receive EPA's prestigious
Climate Protection Award for the Tufts  Climate Initiative. The University  now includes current and  historical
greenhouse gas emissions figures for all building types  in  its  three schools in an annual Tufts University Fact
Book prepared by the University's Office of Institutional  Research.

>    The Middlebury College Change-A-Light campaign, launched by a student organization, encourages
students to trade  incandescent light bulbs  with screw-based  compact fluorescent light bulbs. The  college's
facility department offered to pay for 2,000 lamps. Efficiency Vermont offered to pay $2 per lamp. The student
group went door to door in all dorms promoting the more energy-efficient  bulbs. In less than six months, 1 ,400
bulbs were swapped out, which saving more than 65,000 kilowatt-hours per year. Based on the success of this
effort, Efficiency Vermont, in partnership with Vermont Campus Energy Group, EPA and ENERGY STAR" began
planning an Inter-Collegiate Change-A-Light competition to involve ail colleges in Vermont to participate in
campus-wide Change-A-Light program."                 , „
                                                   - / o-

-------
>    Since  publishing  a ground-breaking environmental report card of campus  operations, the University of
Vermont's Environmental Council has developed many projects to enhance energy efficiency and smarter energy
use on campus. Among the "smart projects:"  Cooling system  upgrades at the  heating  plant have  reduced
annual energy bills by $40,000 and  annual water use by 690,000 cubic feet. New on-campus  washing
machines consume 50 percent less  water and 40 percent less electricity. Occupancy sensors, light emitting
diode exit signs and Sleep Mode software for computers are used in all campus buildings. The University's
Environmental Council encourages environmental entrepreneurship by offering small grants to support the planning
and/or implementation of innovative projects that reduce LJVM's ecological footprint.

>    In the  fall of  2005, Smith, Mount Holyoke and Amherst colleges challenged their students to join the
Million Monitor Drive, EPA's ENERGY STAR' program challenging  computer users nationwide to  activate their
monitor power management features and thereby  dramatically reduce electricity use. The  goal was 75 percent
participation for each  school.  Just over 75 percent of Mount Holyoke and Smith students and 55  percent of
Amherst students participated. These efforts will save the schools up to 961,000 kilowatt hours a year and $82,000
and offset 690 tons of carbon  dioxide per year. A full  75 percent participation rate would save the  three schools
enough power to pay for enough green energy to run all the student computers for a year.
                 Transportation
                                             >    The University of Vermont in  Burlington  has joined the
                                             "yellow bike" craze that's starting to roll out at colleges across
                                             the region and country. Under the program,
              used bikes are fixed up, painted yellow and made available for free for students'
             use on campus. "Yellow bike" cooperative programs offer an easy alternative to
 driving. The UVM  program stems from a student thesis done for an environmental studies
course and was supported with a $1,000 mini-grant from UVM's  Environmental Council.
Other schools in New England with "yellow bike" programs include, the University of New
Hampshire, Hampshire College in Massachusetts  and Middlebury College in Vermont.
>    The Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences gives its employees
a 60 percent subsidy for using public transportation or vanpools. The college also participates
in the Medical Academic and Scientific  Community Organization's Commuter Incentive
Program, which provides up to $200 for outdoor gear to commuters who bike, walk, or
rollerblade to work at least two days a week for six months.
                Clean Energy
                                                                                       A wind turbine
                                                                                      being built in the
                                                                                     Midwest will supply
                                                                                      renewable power
                                                                                       for the College
                                                                                       of the Atlantic
                                                                                          in Maine
                                            ^      The  Community  Solar  Power
                                             Initiative at MIT installed 25  advanced
                                             solar photovoltaic systems on campus and
              in the community. Supported by a grant from the Massachusetts Technology
             Collaborative, the project involved local home owners, institutional  leaders,
      and a host of local solar engineers, entrepreneurs, and installers to add more than 74
kilowatts of solar energy capacity to the area. This generated enough electricity  to light  more than 60 homes with
no greenhouse gas emissions or other harmful emissions. The three systems on  MIT's campus  mark an important
milestone: the first large-scale renewable power systems inter-connected to MIT's power grid. The project shows
that MIT can bring innovative and renewable power to its campus in a way that is practical and reliable.
                                                     14

-------
Colleges & Universities
   >  Colby College in Woterville, ME, no longer relies on fossil fuels for electricity
   thanks to a contract  that has all of the college's electricity coming from renewable
   energy sources. Half of the college's power is coming from Maine hydro-power, the
   other half from Maine  biomass  wood waste such as wood  chips and saw dust. By
   eliminating its past reliance on coal for  70 percent of its power, Colby has cut its smog-
   causing nitrogen oxide emissions by 41  percent and acid rain-causing sulfur dioxide emissions by 98 percent.

   >   In April 2004, the  College of the Atlantic in  Bar Harbor, ME, became the nation's first college to make a
   multi-year commitment  to purchase 100 percent  of its electricity from new  renewable wind-power sources. To
   achieve this goal, the college  signed two contracts -  a short-term contract to  buy renewable energy credits, or
   'green tags/ from Native Energy LLC in  Charlotte, VT, and a long-term contract with the Endless Energy Corp.
   which is developing  wind power facilities  in  Maine.

   >   Connecticut College, a founding member of EPA's  Green Power Partnership, recently doubled its support
   for the generation of green power by buying wind  power energy certificates equal to six megawatts, or about 44
   percent of the college's  annual electric consumption. The effort began when students in the college's Renewable
   Energy Club won approval to raise student  fees to pay the extra costs for the  renewable power.

   >   Under a two-year contract, EAD Environmental,  a green power  marketer from New York, is supplying the
   University of Southern  Maine in Portland with 1.5 million kilowatt hours of Green-e™ certified  renewable
   energy certificates from  wind energy facilities to offset electricity needs of a new campus building.

   >   The Central  Utility Plant  at MIT is  hosting an algae colony upon its roof as part of a pollution control
   technology being developed by an energy firm in Cambridge. This unit uses a fraction of the carbon dioxide being
   emitted from the power plant's emission stream while also removing  polluting  nitrogen  oxide emissions. As the
   algae feeds on the CO2 and other pollutants, it grows and gives off oxygen and  nitrogen, producing biomass that
   can be converted into biofuels, including  biodiesel. MIT is considering expanding its collaboration with the energy
   firm to process the algae on campus into biodiesel for possible use on campus. The installation has proven that
   this technology is feasible and  as a result efforts are underway to build large-scale industrial applications.
                        NE and Eastern Canadian Universities
                                Charting New Energy Paths
       More than 100 New England college and university
       presidents and chancellors representing 67,000
       students, faculty and staff have agreed to support
       the goals of the New England Governors'/Eastern
       Canadian Premiers' Regional Climate Action Plan.
       Many set greenhouse  gas reduction goals for their
       campuses, and all of them are taking on a wide range
       of energy efficiency, renewable and clean energy
       and smart transportation projects that help control
       rising electricity and fuel costs and reduce air pollution.

       A new professional development network of college
       and university professionals who are working
       to"green" campuses across  New  England has
formed  the Northeast Campus Sustainability
Consortium. These "sustainability coordinators" work
to make their campuses sustainable through energy-
related projects such os projects to reduce energy
use, projects using renewable and clean energy
systems,  environmentally-responsible  construction
practices, buying green power and energy efficient
products,  buying more energy  efficient and
alternatively-fueled vehicles, and programs to reduce
vehicle traffic.

Green campus coordinators networks also have been
formed for  regions, including Connecticut, Maine,
Boston and western Massachusetts.

-------
EPA New  England

    Energy  Team

      Contacts:

  Energy  Efficiency
  William White
  617-918-1333
  white.william@epa.gov

  Renewable Energy/
  Clean  Technologies
 . John Moskal
  617-918-1826
  moskal.john@epa.gov

  Transportation
  Lucy Edmondson
  617-918-1004
  edmondson.lucy@epa.gov

  SmarfWay Transporf
  Parfnersn/p
  Abby Swaine
  617-918-1841
  swaine.abby@epa.gov

  Global Climate Change/
  Energy
  Norman Willard
  617-918-1812
  willard.norman@epa.gov
>   Web links to EPA's Energy Programs
      ENERGY STAR®—www.energystar.gov/
      Green Power Partnership—www.epa.gov/greenpower/
      Combined Heat and  Power Partnership—
         www.epa.gov/chp/
      Best  Workplaces for Commuters—
         www.bwc.gov/
      SmartWay Transport Partnership—
         www.epa.gov/smartway/
      Climate Leaders—www.epa.gov/climateleaders/
      Climate—www.epa.gov/oar/globalwarming.nsf


>   Web links to EPA New England Energy Programs
      Energy & New England's Environment—
         www.epa.gov/ne/eco/energy/index.html
      EPA  NE's 'Green' Regional  Laboratory—
         www.epa.gov/ne/lab/greenbuilding/index.html


>   Related Links
      Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships—
         www.neep.org/


t>   Web links to New England State  Energy Programs
      Connecticut—www.ctclimatechange.com
      Maine—www.maine.gov/dep/air/globalwarming/index.htm
      Massachusetts—www.mass.gov/ocd/climate.html
      New  Hampshire—
         www.des.state, nh.us/ard/climatechange/i ndex.html
      Rhode Island—www.dem.ri.gov/climate/
      Vermont—www.anr. state, vt. us/a ir/Planning/htm/cli mate
         change.htm
                                Credits
                                Editor- Amy Miller 617-918-1042
                                             '-'n'tec' States
                                             Environmental Protection
                                             Agency New England
                                         EPA#901-K-06-004
                                           September 2006

-------