CWT 10-1
EVALUATION OF
MACERATOR-CHLORINATORS
ON U. S. COAST GUARD VESSELS
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
FEDERAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ADMINISTRATION
NORTHEAST REGION
NORTH ATLANTIC WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT CENTER
Edison, New Jersey 08817
June 1968
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EVALUATION OF
MACERATOR-CHLORINATORS
ON U.S. COAST GUARD VESSELS
U.S. Department of the Interior
Federal Water Pollution Control Administration
Northeast Region
North Atlantic Water Quality Management Center
Edison, N. J.
June 1968
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CONTENTS
Page No.
Introduction ----------------- _ 1
Summary ______--_-_--____ 2
Conclusions -_- _______ 4
Recommendations- ___ 6
Discussion of Intensive Study- _---___- 8
Discussion of Surveillance Study -- - 15
APPENDICES
Appendix I - Sampling Procedures ------- 17
Appendix II - Field Test Data 18
ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure I - Macerator Cross-section ------ 11
Figure II - Gasket Modification 13
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INTRODUCTION
Acting under Executive Order 11288*, Section 8, issued July 2,
1966, the North Atlantic Water Quality Management Center undertook
an investigation to evaluate the operation of the Carlson, C-Chlor,
Mark 10, macerator-chlorinator unit installed aboard U. S. Coast Guard
vessels in the New York area. The treatment facilities were installed
by the Coast Guard in accordance with a schedule agreed upon by FWPCA.
The investigating program, which was dependent upon vessel availability,
was designed to:
(a) test the units under actual operating conditions, specially
during maximum use periods when detention time in the macerator would
be at a minimum;
(b) determine the mechanical reliability of the treatment device;
and
(c) ascertain the degree of treatment provided and the effective-
ness of the system in reducing pollution.
The evaluation program included an intensive study aboard buoy
tenders and a surveillance or spot check program on the Coast Guard's
sea-going tugboats and light-ships.
*Superseded Executive Order 11258, November 17, 1965
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SUMMARY
1. The investigative program, initially conducted aboard the
ARBUTUS, was seriously restricted because of installation problems
and treatment unit malfunctions short circuiting of fecal
particles through the macerator, and an inoperable check valve
in the hypochlorite line.
Of the 34 effluent samples analyzed, 63% had a total coliform
density of greater than 1,000/100 ml. Operating cost during this
period, is based on daily disinfectant usage (15% sodium hypochlorite)
of approximately 20 gallons was $10.00 per day.
2. The treatment unit evaluated aboard the FIREBUSH incorporated
manufacturer's design modifications gaskets on the inside face
of the macerator support core; replacement of the bottom blade on
the macerator shaft with a solid disc which were made as a result
of the initial survey aboard the ARBUTUS.
Seventeen percent of the 227 effluent samples analyzed from the
treatment unit had a total coliform density of greater than 1,000/100 ml.
Deficiencies in the operation of the unit large (6 - 12-mm in diameter)
particles in the effluent due to short circuiting were still preva-
lent during this testing program.
Clogging of the macerator, resulting from the crew flushing such
items as large gauze bandages and pieces of cloth, often caused the
unit to malfunction, thus necessitating removal and cleaning of the
treatment unit. Disinfectant costs during this program again averaged
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$10.00 daily.
3. The macerator-chlorinator units installed aboard the tugboats and
light-ships were similar to the unit originally installed on the
ARBUTUS, i.e., they did not incorporate any of the manufacturer's
design modifications.
A surveillance study of the macerator-chlorinators aboard the
TUCKAHOE and NAVESINK indicated a satisfactory effluent coliform
density of less than 1,000/100 ml in the eight samples examined.
Mechanically, the units aboard both vessels had a downtime of approx-
imately 50% because of inoperable check valves in the hypochlorite
1ines.
A sampling program aboard another tug MANITOU was never
initiated because the treatment unit had a downtime of greater than
90% due to a faulty and inoperable check valve in the hypochlorite
line. Chlorine procurement problems prevented testing the unit aboard
the light-ship BARNEGAT #532.
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CONCLUSIONS
1. The macerator-chlorinator evaluated requires further develop-
mental work by the manufacturer; specifically, in the reduction of
particle size where large solids tend to contribute to high coliform
densities because of the organic masking effect.
2. During maximum use periods, the macerator-chlorinator units
evaluated did not continuously produce an effluent with a coliform
density of 1,000/100 ml or less.*
3. Aboard the ARBUTUS and FIREBUSH, where toilet facilities were
used extensively during a 90-minute period, macerator detention
periods were often as short as 0 to 2 minutes.
4. Considering the purchase price and the higher level of availa-
ble chlorine, it is more economical to use 15% for disinfection
rather than the 10% solution recommended by the manufacturer.
5. Disinfectant is used at a rate of approximately 20 gallons per
day when crew size averages 35 members and 250 ml of 15% available
chlorine (sodium hypochlorite) is used per flush. Chlorine costs
under these conditions were approximately $10 daily.
*Effluent criteria proposed by the U. S. Public Health Service but
not as yet officially adopted. Taken from Senate Document 4-8, 90th
Congress, 1st Session, August 7, 1967; Wastes from Watercraft, Ex-
hibit 2, Item (2).
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6. Detention time in the macerator-chlorinator is dependent
upon frequency of toilet use and flush water volume.
7. Urine flushes account for approximately 65 to 75% of
chlorine usage.
8. The treatment system is not designed to handle heavy paper,
cloth, gauze bandages or other refuse. Introduction of these
materials into the treatment units during the study caused mal-
function. A program to educate Coast Guard personnel on the
function of this type treatment system is deemed necessary.
9. The Coast Guard's present system of handling disinfectant
in one-gallon plastic bottles is uneconomical and at times unsafe
since crew members are required to carry gallon containers from
dockside to the lower decks via vertical ladders.
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RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Maintenance, to include complete removal of the macerator
unit, should be performed once a month. This period could be
extended to every three months if previous examinations demon-
strated no clogging or breakdown.
2. Fifteen percent sodium hypochlorite should be used for dis-
infection.
3. Unit should be designed so that effluent particle size is
consistently below 2-mm in diameter.
4. A check valve should be developed to insure proper chlorine
injection with each flush.
5. Modifications made in an attempt to meet the proposed U.S.F.H.S.
coliform standards should not include an increase in the present
volume or strength (15%) of hypochlorite.
6. To increase detention time in the macerator unit the volume of
flush water, which was preset on all vessels at four gallons, should
be reduced to two to three gallons.
7. Other methods of handling chlorine should be investigated by
the USCG and the manufacturer. Hypochlorite could be pumped from
bulk storage on the dock into a tank aboard the vessel. This pro-
cedure would be more economical than present system, which requires
excessive handling of the disinfectant.
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8. Since urine from a normal healthy individual is free of
pathogens and coliforms, it is suggested that in new construc-
tion of vessels it be handled and treated separately. This might
be accomplished by not connecting urinals with the macerator
system but installing a hypochlorinator to handle this type waste.
9. To assure an adequate macerator detention time there is a need
for establishing a limit to the number of persons, rather than the
number of water closets, per central macerator unit.
10. Evaluation of the performance of macerator-chlorinators should
be based on the capability of the system to meet the proposed stand-
ards during maximun use periods.
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INTENSIVE STUDY PROGRAM
General
This phase of the evaluation program was conducted aboard the
ARBUTUS, a 170 foot-long buoy tender manned by a crew of 35 enlisted
men and five officers, and the FIREBUSH, a 180 foot-long buoy tender
with a crew of 45 40 enlisted men and five officers. The treat-
ment unit aboard the ARBUTUS handled four water closets for the en-
listed personnel only. The FIREBUSH'S macerator served five water
closets and one urinal for the enlisted personnel. The macerator
holding tanks on both vessels had a capacity of 12 gallons. Hypo-
chlorite storage volume for these units was 25 gallons.
Prior to initiating the study in September 1966 "dry runs" were
conducted to (1) familiarize the test team with the design and opera-
ting features of the system (2) establish the criteria for testing
performance under actual operating conditions (3) determine the analy-
tical procedures to be used in analyzing the effluent and (4) determine
and correct any problems associated with the installation of the unit
which would interfere with the test program.
Observations of actual toilet use aboard the ARBUTUS and FIREBUSH
indicated that peak load conditions occurred between the hours of 6:00 a.m.
and 7:30 a.m. During this 90 minute period the entire crew, for all
practical purposes, took care of their personal needs, including urination
and defecation. It is interesting to note that "urine flushes" accounted
for approximately 65 to 75% of the toilet usage.
Under these conditions of maximum use detention time in the macerator
on both vessels averaged two minutes or less. Therefore, the testing
8
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program was established to evaluate the performance of the units
under the most critical conditions two minutes detention time
in the macerator holding tank.
During the actual conduct of the study aboard both vessels opera-
ting problems were encountered with the hypochlorinating system;
specifically the check valve in the hypochlorite line would intermit-
tently stick, thus causing the pump to lose its prime. This malfunc-
tion affected treatment efficiency since the volume of chlorine delivered
per flush was not constant. Other operating problems were encountered
during the program; however, they were mainly due to installation errors
and not to the equipment supplied.
Operation of the macerator chlorinator aboard both of the buoy
tenders was under the direct control of the test team. Ship personnel
were notified by adequate precautionary signs in the toilet areas that
no flushing was to be done by the crew. The only exception to this
warning was if the crew member found a stool specimen in the bowl, he
could flush the specimen provided he was ready to replace it. In all
other circumstances one of the team members was assigned the job of
flushing. In this way, control of contact time between the chlorine
and stool specimen could be maintained.
ARBUTUS
Examination of data collected during the ARBUTUS study indicated
that 63% of the effluent samples had a coliform density of greater than
1,000/100 ml. These high bacteria counts were attributed, in part, to
(a) insufficient disinfectant dosages, (b) inadequate macerator detention
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time and (c) large solids ( 6 to 12-mm in diameter) in the effluent.
To overcome the problem of insufficient disinfectant dosages it
was recommended that all future studies be conducted using 15% sodium
hypochlorite rather than the 10% solution recommended by the manu-
facturer. Also, the injection rate was increased from the manufac-
turers recommended level of 225 ml to 250 ml so as to provide greater
disinfection capacity.
Detention time in the macerator holding tank could have been
significantly increased if the flush water volume was decreased from
four to two gallons. However, because the flushometers were factory
set at four gallons this modification could not be accomplished.
Consultations with the manufacturer in connection with the pos-
sibility of short circuiting occurring within the macerator unit,
which permitted the passing of large solids through the system into
the effluent, resulted in the following design modifications;
a) Replacement of the lower macerator blade with a solid disc,
which has a clearance of 1/16 inch (1.6 mm) between its outer edge
and the wall of the macerator chamber. (See Figure I) The function
of this modification was to reduce particle size by forcing the fecal
material through the small clearance. In so doing, bacteria enmeshed
in the particle would be released into the chlorinated medium for dis-
infection.
b) Installation of gaskets around the inner face of the internal
FVC macerator support core, above and below the point where raw sewage
10
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FIGURE I-MACERATOR CROSS SECTION
Mocorotor Blodts
Disc
nun wig i onu
Injection Nipplt
Flow-Row Stwog«
Mocorator Chombor
11
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enters the macerator chamber. (See Figure II) The purpose of the
gaskets started with two, presently using eight was to
prevent short circuiting of raw sewage through the space required
for clearance between the macerator and internal support core.
FIREBUSH
The ARBUTUS was scheduled to be decommissioned, and therefore,
\
the modified macerator-chlorinator was installed aboard the FIREBUSH
in October 1966. The recommendation of using 250 ml of 15% sodium
hypochlorite was implemented during this program. As in the case of
the ARBUTUS, the flushometers were factory set for four gallons per
flush and could not be adjusted.
During the two month evaluation program 227 samples of the ef-
fluent were collected and assayed for total and fecal coliform. Data
showed that 83% of the samples had a total coliform density of less
than 1,000/100 ml and that 78% had a fecal coliform density of less
than 200/100 ml. Large particles were again observed in several of
the effluent samples that had high bacteria counts. There was also
strong evidence that some of the samples which failed to meet the pro-
posed bacteriological standard did so because of the intermittent
failure of the check valve in the hypochlorite line.
Based upon preliminary evaluation of the data collected it was
concluded that the program would not be reinstated until (1) further
design modifications were made by the manufacturer to prevent short
circuiting and (2) the flush volume was reduced from the present rate
of four gallons to approximately two gallons. As of March, 1968
12
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Mocerator slides
through core
Support core
for Mocorator
Chlorine Injection nipple
Short eircultlng orta
Raw
Sewage
Short circuiting area
Holding tank
FIGURE H-GASKET MODIFICATION
13
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these recommendations have not been met, and therefore, the study
program aboard this vessel has not been re-established.
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SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM
During the period when testing was being conducted on the
ARBUTUS and FIREBUSH the Coast Guard, as per a previously agreed
to schedule with FWPCA, installed macerator-chlorinator units aboard
the ocean-going tugboats MANITOU, NAVESINK and TUCKAHOE, and the
light-ship BARNEGAT #532. The units installed in all of these
vessels were of the same size and capacity as those installed on
the two large buoy tenders ARBUTUS and FIREBUSH. The treatment
units aboard the tugboats handled two water closets with a tributary
population of 20 men. The system aboard the light-ship handled two
toilets and the waste of 25 men. In all cases, flush water volume
was four gallons per flush.
In an attempt to establish a program aimed at assuring proper
operation of the treatment units and to determine conformance of the
effluent with the suggested bacteriological standard, a surveillance
program was established in April 1967. Unlike the intensive survey,
where flushing was under the direct control of the test personnel, this
phase of the program was based on actual use of the toilet facilities
while the vessel was at dockside.
Because of operating problems faulty check valves in the hypo-
chlorite lines and vessel availability only two one-day sampling
programs could be carried out between April and December 1967. A sum-
mary of the surveillance program follows:
15
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BARNEGAT - On two different occasions the unit was found to be inoper-
able because of "chlorine procurement" problems.
MANITOU - Since installation of the macerator this vessel has been
plagued with a faulty check valve in the hypochlorite line. Because
of this malfunction, macerator downtime exceeded 50%; therefore, no
sampling could be accomplished.
TUCKAHOE - Intermittent check valve problems. Five effluent samples
collected on June 28, 1967 had both a total and fecal coliform density
of less than 60/100 ml. Retention time in the macerator during this
survey varied between 10 and 40 minutes. Large particles (greater
than 2-mm in diameter) were noticed in the five effluent samples col-
lected.
NAVESINK - All three of the effluent samples examined on November 27,
1967 had a total and fecal coliform density of less than 10/100 ml.
Detention time in the macerator varied from 15 to 90 minutes. As
during the testing aboard the TUCKAHQE, large particles (greater than
2-mm in diameter) were present in the effluent.
Since the macerator units installed aboard both the TUCKAHOE and
NAVESINK did not include any of the new design modifications, the ap-
pearance of large solids in the effluent was not unexpected. The
presence of low bacteria counts in conjunction with the solids, however,
was unusual. This condition was most likely attributable to long de-
tention periods in the holding tank which permitted the disinfectant
to attack the bacteria entrapped and enmeshed within the fecal particles.
16
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APPENDIX I
SAMPLING PROCEDURES
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SAMPLING PROCEDURES
The effluent lines from all treatment systems were provided with
a valved "T" to permit collection of representative samples. Prior to
activating the macerator unit, the effluent pipe at the "T" joint was
emptied of its contents. Upon activation of the macerator the valve
at the "T" was opened and the contents collected during the initial
30 seconds. This volume, approximating one gallon, was discarded. A
second gallon was immediately collected, while the macerator was still
running, into a sterile one-gallon glass stoppered bottle. Samples
from the sterile bottle were distributed into two containers, one for
bacteriological analysis total and fecal coliform; and the other
for chemical analyses chlorine residual, pH, and settleable solids.
Bacteriological samples were dechlorinated immediately, plated and
incubated within one-half hour after the collection of the sample.
All chemical tests were also performed on-site immediately after the
sample was taken.
All bacteriological and chemical tests were performed in accordance
with "Standard Methods For The Examination of Water and Wastewater",
12th Edition. The membrane filter procedure was used for all bacter-
iological analyses. Available chlorine content of the sodium hypo-
chlorite and chlorine residuals were determined by the lodiometric
Method.
17
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APPENDIX II
FIELD TEST DATA
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FIEID TEST RESULTS
Vessel: Arbutus
Study Period: September
Chlnrin.fis 7% Available
Date Sample
No.
9/13/66 Flush Water
(Hart Island)
1 (Eff.)
2 (Eff.)
Flush Water
(Oak Neck-L.I.)
3 (Eff.)
4 (Eff.)
5 (Bff.)
Flush Water
13-14, 1966
Chlorine (Sodium Hypochlorite)
Hldg.Time
Mac. Tank
(min. )
M
2
15
-
30
2
40
pH Settleable
Solids
(ml /I )*
^ ^
7.0
6.6
-
7.2
7.1
7.1
Available
Chlorine
( mg/1)
_
42,720
42,720
-
42,720
42,720
42,720
Cl2lnj. Cl 2S.es idual
(ml ) (mg/1 )
.
220 142
220 108
-
220 105
220 190
220 185
(Stanford Harbor) - - -
(Buoy 32A)
6
7
8
35
30
40
6.8
7.0
6.9
44,500
44,500
44,500
250 99
250 124
250 122
MF Total Coli.
/1 00 ml/
380
75,000
4,900
<4
10
59,000
10
< 4
10
10
10
MF Fecal Coli.
/I 00 ml
200
44,000
2,100
< 4
10
58,000
10
<4
10
10
10
Flush Water
(Bridgeport Pier)
260
80
18
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FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel: Arbutus
Study Period: September
Chlorine;
Date
9/13/66
9/14/66
13-14, 1966
7% Available Chlorine (Sodium Hypochlorite)
Sample Hldg.Time pH Settleable Available C^Inj. Cl 2 Residual
No. Mac. Tank Solids Chlorine (ml) (mg/1)
(min.) (ml/1)* (mg/1)
9
10
11
12
13
If
15
16
17
18
19*
20
21*
22*
1.5
3
5
4
10
5
1
2
13
25
10
3
3
3
6.9 - 44,500 250 67
6.9
6.9
7.1
6.9
6.9
6.8
6.8
6.9
7.0
7.0
6.9
6.9
7.0
1
97
92
87
160
89
80
81
64
89
195
51
302
534
MF Total Coli.
/100 ml
1,000,000
27,000
3,300
5,300
8,500
5,500
1,200,000
1,600,000
6,000
100
100
4,000
400
100
MF Fecal Coli
/1 00 ml
800,000
16,000
2,200
1,000
1,000
1,200
200,000
240,000
1,000
100
100
1,000
100
100
* Very small amount of solids in these samples. (Characteristic of urine flushes).
19
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FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel :
Arbutus
Study Period: September
Chlorine
Date
9/27/66
: 15% Available
Sample
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
27-29, 1966
Chlorine (Sodium
Hldg.Tlme pH
Mac. Tank
(min.)
-
17
14
23
55
3
2
13
9
2
20
-
-
3
8.5
9.2
9.3
9.1
9.0
9.3
9.8
9.3
9.0
9.1
9.3
8.3
8.6
8.8
Hypochlorite)
Settleable Available Cl2lnj. Cl2Residual
Solids Chlorine (ml) (mg/1)
(ml A) (mg/1)
2.5 144,500 225 990
-
0.3
3.0
20.0
27.0
2.0
50.0
9.5
33.0
14.0
8.5
23.0
33.0 \
\
2,700
2,344
1,800
1,440
1,440
3,780
1,800
1,260
1,440
1,800
t 900
175 360
t 175 504
MF Total Coli.
A 00 ml
100
100
3,100
58,000
11,000
11,000
73,000
630,000
700,000
1,000,000+
6,000
1,000
580,000
2,000
MF Fecal Coli.
/I 00 ml
10
100
2,600
1,000
800
400
500
18,000
35,000
800,000+
1,000
100
39,000
100
20
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FIEID TEST RESULTS
Vessel t
Arbutus
Study Period; September
Chlorine: 15% Available
Date
9/28/66
Sample
No.
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
21
25
26
27
28
27-29, 1966
Chlorine (Sodium Hypochlorite)
HI dg. Time pH Settleable Available Cl2Inj. Cl2Residual
Mac. Tank Solids Chlorine (ml) (mg/1)
(min.) (ml/1) (mg/1)
-
2
-
2
2
10
3
10
3
7
-
4
3
3
9.1
9.1
8.3
8.3
8.7
9.1
9.2
8.8
8.8
9.0
9.0
9.6
9.2
9.3
15.0 144,500 235 1,440
24.0
45.0
36.0
7.5
40.0
10.0
6.5
0.7
1.0
34.0
25.0
7.0
3.0 '
i
900
1,080
540
504
684
630
432
378
666
558
1,458
684
864
MF Total Coli.
/1 00 ml
6,100
63,000
500
4,200
300
100
85,000
25,000
200
100
21,000
100
100
400
MF Fecal Coli.
/100 ml
800
200
100
3,100
60
100
20,000
22,000
100
100
3,400
100
100
100
21
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FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel;
Arbutus
Study Period: September
Chlorine
Date
9/29/66
: 15% Available
Sample
No.
29
30
31
32
33
34
27-29, 1966
Chlorine (Sodium
HI dg. Time pH
Mac. Tank
(min.)
»
7
13
5
-
18
8.0
7.4
8.4
8.4
8.4
8.7
Hypochlorite)
Settleable Available C^Inj. CH^Residual
Solids Chlorine (ml) (mg/1 )
(ml A) (mg/1)
40.0 144,500 235 522
-
40.0
16.0
29.0
19.0 '
i \
234
810
675
585
765
MF Total Coli.
/I 00 ml
34,000
3,300
1,900
3,500
2,700
100
MF Fecal Coli.
/I 00 ml
10,000
1,600
1,500
2,700
2,200
100
*Note: Settleable solids were difficult to determine because of abnormal amount of tissue that was present in the
effluent.
22
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FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel :
Firebush
Study Period: October
Chlorine
Date
10/17/66
10/18/66
17-21, 1966
: 15% Available Chlorine (Sodium
Sample No.
No.
Flush Water
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Flush Water
Hldg.Time pH
Mac. Tank
(min. )
-
8.0
42 7.2
2 7.5
8 9.0
9.0
7.6
11 8.6
25 8.7
9 8.8
6 8.8
10 9.6
14 9.6
M
Hypochlorite)
Settleable Available (H^Inj. C^Residual
Solids Chlorine (ml) (mg/1)
(ml/1) (mg/1)
-
13.0 144,000 240 739
33.0
30.0
20.0
25.0
10.0
2.5
1.5
10.0
7.0
8.5
2.0
1
619
808
997
912
860
894
980
963
946
1840*
f 1100
_ _
MF Total Coli, MF Fecal Coli.
/1 00 ml /1 00 ml
240,000 20,000
< 10 < 10
<10 < 10
< 10 < 10
<10 <10
< 10 < 10
<10 < 10
<10 <10
20 < 10
< 10 <10
<10 <10
140 80
<10 < 10
< 2 < 2
23
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FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel:
Firebush
Study Period: October
Chlorine:
Date
10/19/66
17-21, 1966
15% Available Chlorine
Sample No. Hldg.Time
Mac. Tank
(min. )
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
-
2
5
12
30
5
15
3
22
2
-
3
4
4
(Sodium Hypochlorite)
pH Settleable Available CH^Inj. C^Residual
Solids Chlorine (ml) (mg/1)
(ml /I) (mg/1)
8.8
9.2
9.2
9.4
7.8
7.8
7.6
8.0
7.0
7.2
7.9
8.4
8.5
8.8
30.0 144,000 240 739
10.0
23.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
35.0
40.0
20.0
22.0 '
894
1032
1393
1720
980
1014
1135
602
f 791
40.0 141,000 190 928
23.0
25.0
40.0 >
f '
877
1032
' 1032
MF Total Coli.
/I 00 ml
< 10
< 10
<10
<10
70
210
300
< 100
<^100
20
< 10
10
<. 100
< 100
MF Fecal Coli.
/I 00 ml
< 10
< 10
<10
< 10
20
40
100
< 100
< 100
< 10
< 10
<10
< 100
<. 100
24
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel ;
Firebush
Study Period: October
Chlorine:
Date
10/20/66
17-21, 1966
15% Available Chlorine (Sodium Hypochlorite)
Sample Hldg.Time pH Settleable Available Cl2lnj. Cl2Residual
No. Mac. Tank Solids Chlorine (ml) (mg/1)
(min.) (ml/1) (mg/1)
27
28
29
30
Flush Water
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
7
5
50
2
-
-
40
8
51
4
10
60
3
3
8.9
9.1
7.8
8.8
-
8.6
7.7
7.9
8.2
8.6
8.9
8.5
8.8
9.0
15.0 141,000 190 894
1.0
6.0
15.0 1
f \<
1083
1083
946
_
18.0 137,600 190 1091
35.0
1.0
33.0
8.0
14.0
9.0
7.0
15.0 '
]
602
602
447
550
498
705
727
774
MF Total Coli.
/I 00 ml
< 100
< 100
100
< 100
52,000
<> 10
< 10
< 100
<100
< 100
<100
<100
tlOO
<.100
MF Fecal Coli.
/I 00 ml
< 100
< 100
<100
<100
4,900
< 10
<10
<100
<100
<100
<100
<100
<100
£-100
25
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel;
Firebush
Study Period: October 17-21, 1966
Chlorine
Date
10/21/66
: 15% Available
Sample
No.
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
Chlorine (Sodium
Hldg.Time pH
Mac. Tank
(min.)
2
5
5
4
-
4
17
9
4
40
11
19
45
5
6.5
6.7
7.0
7.6
6.3
6.7
7.3
7.0
8.3
7.0
7.0
9.0
7.9
8.4
Hypochlorite)
Settleable Available C^Inj. C^Residual
Solids Chlorine (ml) (mg/1)
(ml/1 ) (mg/1 >
137,600 190 946
34.0
60.0
40.0
18.0
4.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
2.5
25.0
20.0
8.0
(
903
791
722
516
533
584
464
464
361
464
653
516
f 584
MF Total Coli.
/1 00 ml
< 100
< 100
< 100
<100
<100
<100
OOO
<100
< 100
< 100
< 100
100
500
<100
MF Fecal Coli.
/1 00 ml
< 100
< 100
< 100
<100
<100
<100
<100
<100
<100
<100
<100
<100
<.100
<100
26
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel: Firebush
Study Period; October 17-21, 1966
Chlorine: 15% Available Chlorine (Sodium Hypochlorite)
Date Sample
No.
54
55
56
Hldg.Time pH Settleable Available
Mac. Tank Solids Chlorine
(min.) (ml/1) (mg/1)
6.8 - 137,600
7 7.9 I
4 7.4 |
Cl2lnj.
(ml)
190
1
*
Cl2Residual
(mg/1 )
412
464
516
MF Total Coli. MF Fecal Coli.
/1 00 ml /1 00 ml
<100 < 100
< 100 <100
<100 <100
* Three simultaneous flushes occurred during this sample collection period.
27
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel :
Firebush
Study Period: October
Chlorine
Date
10/24/66
24-26, 1966
: 15% Available Chlorine (Sodium
Sample
No.
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
HI dg. Time
Mac. Tank
(min . )
-
2
3
5
25
3
3
42
3
4
50
4
-
3
PH
6.6
6.8
7.6
8.0
8.2
8.8
8.8
8.2
8.5
8.8
8.8
8.9
8.2
8.8
Hypochlorite)
Settleable Available Cl2lnj. Cl2Residual
Solids Chlorine (ml) (mg/1)
(ml/1 ) (mg/1 )
3.2 134,160 150 344
34.5
40.0+
40.0+
40.0+
20.0
25.0
40.0+
40.0+
32.0
40.0+
40.0+
-
\
i
292
481
344
430
395
619
602
756
688
705
791
516
' 774
MF Total Coli.
/1 00 ml
<100
<100
<100
400
400
< 100
800
<100
500
6,200
<100
200
<100
<-100
MF Fecal Coli.
/1 00 ml
< 100
< 100
c.100
<100
200
< 100
< 100
< 100
200
1,800
^100
<100
<100
<-100
28
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel :
Firebush
Study Period: October
Chlorine
Date
10/24/66
10/25/66
24-26, 1966
: 15% Available Chlorine (Sodium
Sample
No.
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
Hldg.Time pH
Mac. Tank
(min.)
57
-
3
5
30
4
3
53
2
3
52
3
2
2
6.9
7.1
7.2
8.6
7.2
8.3
8.8
6.5
7.0
7.7
6.6
6.8
7.4
7.8
Hypochlorite)
Settleable Available Cl2Inj. (H^Residual
Solids Chlorine (ml) (mg/1)
(ml /I) (mg/l>
134,160 150 361
1.5
3.2
3.4
1.0
5.0
20.0
40.0+
20.0
7.0
2.0
5.0
5.0
7.0
^
344
395
430
378
516
722
258
326
309
275
292
326
344
MF Total Coli.
/1 00 ml
100
1,400
8,700
21,000
<100
<-100
^100
<100
4,600
< 100
200
51 , 000
45,000
180,000
MF Fecal Coli
A 00 ml
<100
100
3,600
6,200
clOO
<-100
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel :
Firebush
Study Period: October
Chlorine
Date
10/25/66
10/26/66
24-26, 1966
: 15% Available Chlorine (Sodium
Sample HI dg. Time pH
No. Mac. Tank
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
(min . )
41
2
7
21
-
5
2
8
2
3
25
5
2
13
6.6
6.8
6.6
6.4
6.4
6.6
7.4
6.8
7.2
7.8
6.8
7.4
7.0
8.4
Hypochlorite)
Settleable Available C^Inj. C^Residual
Solids Chlorine (ml) (rag/1)
(ml/1) (mg/1)
40.0+ 134,160 150 172
40.0+
20.0
i
f i
240
223
' 258
2.0 138,880 200 430
1.0
1.0
4.0
20.0
40.0+
-
40.0+
40.0+
30.0
1
498
550
430
594
756
275
361
361
688
MF Total Coli.
/1 00 ml
-i.100
64,000
<- 100
<-100
<. 100
-c-100
2,700
<. 100
-C100
2,200
^ 100
8,300
5,600
<100
MF Fecal Coli.
/1 00 ml
<100
34,000
=-100
<100
<-100
<-100
600
< 100
<- 100
2,100
-= 100
4,800
4,100
"~ 100
30
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel ; Firebush
Study Period: October
Chlorine
Date
10/26/66
24-26. 1966
: 15% Available Chlorine (Sodium
Sample
No.
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
Hldg.Time pH
Mac. Tank
(min . )
5
10
2
-
2
3
-
80
-
2
8.8
7.0
7.4
6.6
7.4
8.2
8.6
8.2
7.2
7.6
Hypochlorite)
Settleable Available C^Inj. C^Residual
Solids Chlorine (ml) (rag/1)
(ml/1) (mg/1)
30.0 138,880 200 852
1.0
1.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
40.0+
20.0
-
i
i
447
430
258
395
481
1,100
378
481
481
MF Total Coli.
/1 00 ml
3,600
2,000
1,900
-C 100
^1100
2,000
< 100
^100
^ 100
<100
MF Fecal Coli.
/1 00 ml
1,900
700
1,300
-------
TEST RESULTS
Vessel: Firebueh
Study Period; October 31 - November 1, 1966
Chlorine
Date
10/31/66
11/1/66
: 15* Available
Sample
No.
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
Chlorine (Sodium
Hldg.Time pH
Mac. Tank
(min)
-
2
1
-
3
19
4
3
-
3
32
2
2
_
6.6
7.4
7.9
7.0
8.5
7.4
8.7
9.1
7.5
8.9
6.8
8.3
8.7
6.7
Hypochlorite)
Settleable Available Cl-Inj. Cl-Residual
Solids Chlorine (ml) (mgA)
(mlA) (mgA)
2.0 137,600 190 344
7.5
14.0
30.0
50.0
15.0
15.0
9.0
6.0
1.7
2.5
2.7
1.3
2.5 >
, >
636
430
309
464
309
602
688
516
756
258
395
430
' 567
MF Total Coli. MF Fecal Coli.
AGO ml AOO ml
< 10 «c 10
< 10 ^10
-c 10 ^ 10
^10 < 10
24,000 4,400
< 10 < 10
£.10 <10
4,500 2,500
<.10 ^10
<10 *10
4,900 1,600
^10 ^10
41,000 8,600
9,100 1,400
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel; Firebush
Study
Period: October
Chlorine: 15# Availabl
Date
Sample
No.
123
124
125
126
31 - November 1, 1966
e Chlorine (Sodium Hypochlorite)
KLdg.Time pH Settleable
Mac. Tank Solids
(min) (ml/1)
2
2
-
3
7.1
7.5
7.4
8.7
Available Cl_Inj. Cl-Residual MF Total Coli.
Chlorine (ml) (mg/1) AOO ml
(mg/1)
2.4 137,600 190 584 ^10
2.0
-
_
i
N" >
464 <10
464 ^10
f 688 <.io
MF Fecal Coli.
AOO ml
< 10
< 10
< 10
^-10
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel:
Firebush
Study Period: November
Chlorine
Date
11/14/66
14-18, 21-22, 1966
: 15% Available Chlorine (Sodium
Sample
No.
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
HI dg. Time pll
Mac. Tank
(min.)
-
2
19
2
35
2
2
2
55
3
2
2
6
7.0
8.5
7.4
8.6
8.1
8.7
8.6
8.8
7.2
7.6
8.1
8.5
6.8
Hypochlorite)
Settleable Available Cl2lnj. Cl2Residual
Solids Chlorine (ml) (mg/1)
(ml /I ) (mg/1 )
1.6 133,500 235 240
0.4
0.7
2.5
42.0
26.0
42.0
43.0
21.0
20.0
23.0
20.0
I
14.0
1
412
464
516
378
516
412
395
275
344
412
430
309
MF Total Coli.
/1 00 ml
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel :
Firebush
Study Period: November
Chlorine:
Date
11/15/66
14-13, 21-22, 1966
15% Available Chlorine (Sodium
Sample lildg.Time pll
No. Mac. Tank
(min. )
140
141
Flush :.7ater
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
2
2
-
2
2
-
2
-
2
10
-
3
4
6.8
7.0
6.4
7.8
8.6
6.2
7.1
7.3
7.9
8.4
6.5
6.6
8.0
Hypochlorite)
Settleable Available Cl2lnj. Cl2Kesidual
Solids Chlorine (ml) (mg/1)
(ml /I) (mg/1)
2.3 133,500 235 309
r i i ?
2.0 135,000 235 378
1.5
0.6
16.0
8.5
6.0
1.5
0.4
5.0
1.0
1.0 <
i
468
520
216
414
540
504
450
288
306
f 342
MF Total Coli.
/1 00 ml
300
- 10
82,000
-. 10
10
-- 10
- 10
- 10
..10
270,000
67,000
400
^-10
100
MF Fecal Coli
/1 00 ml
-' 10
-- 10
5,100
-'- 10
-- 10
--- 10
- 10
--10
- 10
120,000
48 , 000
400
-_10
--. 10
35
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel :
Firebush
Study Period: November
Chlorine
Date
11/16/66
: 15% Available
Sample
No.
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
14-18, 21-22,1966
Chlorine (Sodium
Hldg.Time pH
Mac. Tank
(min . )
-
2
3
-
2
2
8
3
2
6
7
2
-
4
7.0
8.4
8.8
8.1
8.5
8.8
7.1
8.4
8.7
8.6
6.8
8.4
6.5
6.9
Hypochlorite)
Settleable Available Cl2lnj. CT^Residual
Solids Chlorine (ml) (mg/1)
(ml/1) (mg/1)
1.5 131,400 245 522
1.2
0.4
8.0
20.0
15.0
7.0
3.2
3.8
1.5
4.5
5.0
2.4
0.5 >
\
576
648
486
612
612
414
558
648
414
288
450
378
486
MF Total Coli.
/I 00 ml
-< 10
-< 10
< 10
^10
6,000
1,000
< 10
15,000
1,900
-< 10
< 10
7,000
^ 10
< 10
MF Fecal Coli.
/1 00 ml
^ 10
* 10
-=-10
-CIO
5,500
400
-c 10
15,000
1,300
<. 10
-=-10
2,000
^ 10
^10
36
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel : Firebush
Study Period: November
Chlorine
Date
11/17/66
11/18/66
14-18, 21-22, 1966
: 15% Available Chlorine (Sodium Hypochlorite)
Sample llldg.Time pH Settleable Available Cl2lnj. Cl2Residual
No. Mac. Tank Solids Chlorine (ml) (mg/1)
(min.) (ml /I) (mg/1)
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
2
-
2
3
2
24
2
2
-
2
4
-
2
_
7.9
7.3
8.4
8.7
8.7
8.2
8.6
8.8
6.3
7.4
8.6
7.2
8.4
6.8
0.4 131,400 245 486
0.3
0.1
0.7
0.7
20.0
4.0
9.0
0.2
0.8
6.0
1.2
0.8 ^
250 666
\
810
666
648
504
648
756
414
612
733
666
774
3.0 133,200 235 540
MF Total Coli.
/I 00 ml
1,000
-^10
200
360,000
9,000
40,000
*- 10
^ 10
100
<- 10
^10
1,000
500
^10
MF Fecal Coli.
/1 00 ml
^10
^ 10
-i.10
58 , 000
^ 10
-^10
< 10
-clO
^ 10
-^ 10
<*~ 10
600
100
<-10
37
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel : Firebush
Study Period: November
Chlorine
Date
: 15% Available
Sample
No.
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
14-18, 21-22,1966
Chlorine (Sodium
Hldg.Time pH
Mac . Tank
(min.)
2
3
2
7
22
2
2
33
2
3
3
-
2
2
7.2
7.5
7.6
8.6
8.3
8.7
9.0
8.2
8.7
8.8
8.9
7.9
8.5
8.8
Hypochlorite)
Settleable Available Cl2lnj. Cl2Residual
Solids Chlorine (ml) (mg/1)
(ml /I) (mg/1)
6.0 133,200 235 576
10.0
12.0
2.8
18.0
21.0
18.0
40.0
40.0
18.0
19.0
24.0
4.0
1 .
576
558
540
468
720
810
414
630
666
756
450
720
I
7.5 576
MF Total Coli.
/I 00 ml
500
^10
390,000
7,900
1,900
100
100
3,100
**- 10
700
< 10
^ 10
300
900
MF Fecal Coli.
/I 00 ml
< 10
^ 10
170,000
4,800
1,800
^ 10
<=- 10
900
< 10
300
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel : Firebush
Study Period: November 14-18, 21-22, 1966
Chlorine: 15% Available Chlorine (Sodium
Date
11/21/66
Sample
No.
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
Hldg.Time
Mac. Tank
(min . )
-
2
3
-
4
3
4
53
5
2
3
5
10
2
pH
7.0
6.4
6.2
6.7
7.0
7.0
7.7
6.8
7.0
6.8
6.8
6.2
6.6
6.9
Hypochlorite)
Settleable Available Cl^Inj. Cl2Residual
Solids Chlorine tml) (mg/1)
(ml A) (mg/1)
4.0 126,900 250 702
1.5
2.0
5.0
30.0
40.0
40.0
16.0
5.0
7.0
2.3
1.0
-
756
639
390
432
729
711
501
270
279
324
270
435
I
486
MF Total Coli.
/1 00 ml
400
-clO
<10
7,900
400
^ 10
*- 10
< 10
1,900
500
700
200
200
100
MF Fecal Coli.
/1 00 ml
< 10
< 10
-< 10
6,500
300
- 10
< 10
< 10
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel*
Firebush
Study Period: November 14-18, 21-22, 1966
Chlorine
Date
11/22/66
: 15% Available
Sample
No.
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
Chlorine
111 dg. Time
Mac. Tank
(min.)
2
-
2
2
41
3
2
2
-
2
2
2
-
3
( Sod ium
PH
8.1
6.9
7.1
7.2
8.2
7.7
8.8
8.9
8.0
8.4
8.9
9.0
6.0
6.6
Hypochlorite)
Settleable Available Cl2lnj. C^Residual
Solids Chlorine (ml) (mg/1 )
(ml /I) (mg/1)
126,900 250 540
5.2 129,600
10.2
5.1
15.0
18.0
12.0
15.0
30.5
20.0
20.0
10.0
40.0
25.0
i
396
594
738
747
810
936
1386
1224
1413
1854
1062
216
1458
MF Total Coli.
/1 00 ml
-<. 10
100
400
1,100
1,300
200
-i 10
1,100
700
1 , 000
-= 10
-^ 10
400
200
MF Fecal Coli.
/I 00 ml
-'- 10
- 10
200
1,000
700
100
*- 10
<=ulO
200
<*- 10
^ 10
-- 10
300
-'-10
40
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel: Firebush
Study Period: November 14-18, 21-22, 1966
Chlorine: 15% Available Chlorine (Sodium Hypochlorite)
Date
Sample
No.
Hldg.Time pH Settleable Available
Mac. Tank Solids Chlorine
(rain . ) (ml /I ) (mg/1 )
(ml)
Cl2Residual MF Total Coli. MF Fecal Coli.
(mg/1) /100 ml /100 ml
223
224
225
226
227
2
2
3
2
6.4
8.1
7.8
3.6
7.6
15.0
15.0
129,600
250
234
513
432
612
747
100
-' 10
--. 10
--. 10
--10
-< 10
* 10
-'- 10
10
41
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel :
Firebush
Study Period: November
Chlorine:
Date
11/28/66
28-30, 1966
15% Available Chlorine (Sodium
Sample Hldg.Time pH
No. *lac. Tank
(rain.)
228
229
230*
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238*
239
240
241
-
3
2
35
3
2
36
2
2
2
3
-
2
2
6.8
7.8
8.3
7.8
8.5
9.0
8.2
8.7
8.9
9.2
9.0
7.6
8.4
8.8
Hypochlorite)
Settleable Available C^Inj. C^Residual
Solids Chlorine (ml) (rag A)
(ml/1) (mg/1)
20 138,600 250 396
15
10
40
40
15
2
6
24
10
4
1
2
6
i
612
918
558
634
918
882
684
954
1062
1098
486
738
774
MF Total Coli.
/I 00 ml
^ 10
-; 10
^ 10
-- 10
-' 10
- 10
- 10
^.10
-z 10
10
-10
- 10
- 10
4,600
MF Fecal Coli.
/1 00 ml
=- 10
^- 10
< 10
< 10
-'- 10
-MO
-- 10
-r^lO
--- 10
--- 10
--10
- 10
--'. 10
3,300
42
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel : Firebush
Study Period: November
Chlorine
Date
11/29/66
28-30, 1966
: 15% Available Chlorine (Sodium Hypochlorite)
Sample
No.
242
243
Flush 7ater
211
245
246
247
248
249
250*
251
252
253
254
Hldg.Time pll Settleable Available Cl2Inj. Cl2Residual
Mac. Tank Solids Chlorine (ml) (mg/1)
(min.) (ml/1) (rag/1)
2
2
-
3
2
-
2
3
2
-
2
4
2
9.0
9.2
6.2
6.4
6.5
6.3
7.6
8.2
8.6
6.4
6.6
6.4
7.0
13 138,600 250 900
; 1 1 8;°
12 136,803 250 288
2
1
5
3.5
1.5
7
40
12
5
15 \
i
324
575
378
553
666
846 .
270
306
396
540
MF Total Coli.
/1 00 ml
1,600
-10
33,000
--- 10
-- 10
- 10
900
-~. 10
'- 10
- 10
- 10
- 10
- 10
-. 10
MF Fecal Coli.
/1 00 ml
1,500
-- 10
2,700
=- 10
- 10
-- 10
800
---. 10
-- 10
- 10
- 10
- 10
'10
-- 10
43
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel :
Firebush
Study Period: November
Chlorine
Date
11/30/66
28-30, 1966
: 15% Available Chlorine (Sodium
Sample
No.
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263*
264
265
266*
267
268
Hldg.Time
Mac. Tank
(min.)
2
2
2
2
3
3
-
2
3
54
2
2
12
3
PH
7.6
8.1
6.8
7.5
7.0
7.3
6.8
6.8
6.8
6.6
6.9
7.2
6.2
6.7
Hypochlorite)
Settleable Available Cl2Inj. Cl2Residual MF Total Coli. MF Fecal Coli.
Solids Chlorine tml) (mg/1) A 00 ml A 00 ml
(ml A) (mg/1)
12 136,800 250 612 --10 -^10
10
6.5
6
2
2
)
5 04 1 0 -^ 1 0
378 -^10 -=^-10
396 -^10 ^.10
396 -clO -*=-10
' 450 -c.10 -=-10
38 135,000 250 288 -=-10 *=- 10
2
1.9
3
3
0.7
5
4.5 '
i
396 ^-10 -^10
396 -^10 ^-10
306 ^10 ^-10
540 -^-10 -^LlO
576 -^10 -^10
324 -^10 -=-10
504 -^10 -=-10
44
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel; Firebush
Study Period; November 28-30, 1966
Chlorine: 15% Available
Date Sample
No.
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
Chlorine (Sodium
llldg.Time pH
Mac. Tank
(tnin . )
2
3
2
-
2
2
2
7.9
7.6
8.6
6.5
6.6
6.6
6.6
Hypochlorite)
Settleable Available Cl2Inj. Gl2Residual
Solids Chlorine (ml) (uig/1)
(ml /I) (mg/1)
8 135,000 250 504
5
6
4
1
0.7
0.7
r
558
648
234
288
283
' 432
MF Total Coli.
/I 00 ml
-= 10
-* 10
<= 10
--- 10
^. 10
*-10
-«-10
MF Fecal Coli.
/1 00 ml
- 10
-- 10
* 10
-*- 10
*= 10
-^10
--10
Flush samples.
45
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel :
Tuckahoe
Study Period: June 28,
Chlorine
Date
6/28/67
: 15% Available
Sample
No.
1
2
3
4
5
1967
Chlorine (Sodium Hypochlorite)
Hldg.Time pH Settleable Available Clolnj. Cl2Residual
Mac. Tank Solids Chlorine (ml) (mg/1)
(min.) (ml /I) (mg/1)
30 - - 76,000 225 195
40 - j
10 - -1
10 -
15 - !/ 1
195
125
160
160
MF Total Coli.
/100 ml
' 10
- 10
10
60
10
MF Fecal
/1 00
- 10
- 10
10
- 10
10
Coli
ml
-------
FIELD TEST RESULTS
Vessel; Naves ink
Study Period; November 27, 1967
Chlorine; Available Chlorine (Sodium Hypochlorite)
Date Sample HIdg.Time pH Settleable Available Cl2Inj.
No. Mac. Tank Solids Chlorine (ml)
(min.) (ml/1) (mg/1)
Cl2Residual MF Total Coli. MF Fecal Coli.
(mg/1) /100 ml /100 ml
11/27/67
1
2
3
15
90
25
95,600
225
265
250
370
< 10
< 10
CIO
< 10
< 10
H7
------- |