THE INVESTIGATION AND CLASSIFICATION
OF INERT INGREDIENTS IN PESTICIDE FORMULATIONS
Subarirted to
Criteria and Evaluation Division
Office of Pwticide Programs
Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C.
FINAL REPORT
SEPTEMBER 30, 1977
EPA Contract 68-01-3431
Submitted by:
POTOMAC RESEARCH, INCORPORATED
7655 Old Springhouse Road
Westgate Research Park
McLean, Virginia 22101
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FOREWORD
This report summarizes the significant findings and the methodology that was employed
in the investigation and classification of inert ingredients of pesticide formulations under Contract
68-01-3431. It should be emphasized that the true, final products of this contract are the 1225 file
folders containing the data and evaluations for each compound.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Foreword
INTRODUCTION
Background to Study 1
Objectives and Scope of Study 2
Approach 3
INERT LISTING 4
Problems Encountered and Correction Procedures 4
Chemical Classifications 5
INVESTIGATION AND EVALUATION OF INERT INGREDIENTS 13
Development of Data Collection Formats 13
Data Sources 22
Inert Evaluation Procedure and Search Strategy 26
Surfactants 32
Toxicological Classification 33
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER STUDY 36
Appendices
1 Inert List Corrections
2 Molecular Structures
3 Chemical Classifications
Major Classifications
Surfactant Classification
4 Sample Data Collection Formats (4)
5 Form Letter to Manufacturers
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=?S3SARCH. INGCRPGRATE3
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TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued
Appendices Continued
6 List of Manufacturers Contacted
7 1225 File Folders (Under Separate Cover)
Data Collection Formats
Abstracts and Review Articles
Toxicity and Chemical Data
Page
Table 1
LIST OF TABLES
Chemical Classes
Table 2 Sources of Data
Table 3 Class 1 and 2 Compounds
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23
34
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Inert Evaluation Procedure
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INTRODUCTION
Background to Study
An important, but less emphasized to date, aspect in the regulatory processes for pesticides
is the thorough identification, evaluation, and control, when necessary, of inert ingredients in pesti-
cide formulations. A December 1975 GAO report to the Congress recommended that complete testing be
required for those inert ingredients used in pesticide formulations that may present health or environ-
mental hazards. The report further advised EPA to reassess its policy on inert ingredients and to develop
appropriate guidelines for the testing.
In evaluating the safety of pesticides, lexicologists have required extensive long and short term
toxicological testing of the active ingredients of the pesticide. Generally little or no lexicological infor-
mation on other ingredients of the formulation, i.e., the inerts, has been required. The 1974 discovery
that vinyl chloride, an inert propellent used in some pesticide aerosols, causes a rare form of liver cancer
brought about the necessity for thoroughly evaluating the potential danger of inert ingredients.
Since there are over a thousand inert ingredients among the many pesticide formulations pre-
sently in use, it became immediately important to the Office of Pesticide Programs to perform an initial
chemical and toxicological review of these substances. The purpose of this review was to highlight those
inerts which either because of adverse toxicological data or a scarcity of valid data should be examined
in a more detailed study.
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Objectives and Scope of Study
The major objective of this study was to identify those inerts used in pesticide formulations
that may present health or environmental hazards. The intention of this study was not to perform
complete or detailed studies (eg. criteria documents) on any single compound. It has been our under-
standing throughout this study that those inerts identified as possible hazards will later require a
supporting document compiled from an in-depth literature search. The biochemical and lexicological
data collected under this contract would provide an excellent starting point in the formulation of these
documents.
Some of the tasks required to achieve the objectives of this contract were not readily apparent
until after the work was initiated. Once the EPA-provided list of inerts was received, it became apparent
that for internal purposes it would be necessary to revise the computer listing. This was because of such
things as duplicate names, incorrect synonym listings, and improper classifications of compounds (com-
pounds listed as inerts which were actually actives). Thus one of the objectives of the contract became
the revision and correction of the computer listing of inerts. This should prove especially helpful to
EPA for updating their computer file of inerts.
A third objective of this study was to provide the basis for a central data bank for inert
compounds. The data collection formats were developed with this in mind. That is, emphasis was
placed on developing a data collection format that includes all pertinent biochemical and lexicological
data and has the capability to be updated and revised as needed.
A final objective of this contract was to develop a chemical evaluation strategy that would
provide meaningful results with a limited level of effort. (The inerts were evaluated at a cost of less
than S lOO./compound). Thus, only the most important and pertinent literature sources and computer
data bases were searched. The strategy that was developed includes a comprehensive collection of
relevant biochemical and toxicological data, sufficient to provide the basis for a meaningful
toxicological evaluation and classification.
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Approach
The first step in the inert investigations was to correct the inert listing and eliminate the dupli-
cation of compounds. This was accomplished by chemically cJ-issifying the entire 1606 inert listings.
This not only eliminated duplication but also facilitated the data collection and evaluation for similar
compounds.
The next step was the development of the data collection formats. Four separate* formats were
developed depending on the type of compound, (eg. active, true inert, natural product, surfactant).
These were formulated from biochemical and toxicological inputs with emphasis placed on developing
a flexible format that could be,updated or revised at a later date. After EPA review and approval, the
formats were finalized and became the foundation for the data collection.
Initially, the literature searchers reviewed standard texts and reference documents primarily for
chemical and physical properties and general toxicity information. Nextlhe on-line data bases were
queried and the appropriate abstracts ordered from the National Library of Medicine. Once the ab-
stracts were received (3 days) they were reviewed by information specialists and the appropriate
data was transferred to the formats. Next the data was reviewed and verified from a biochemical stand-
point. At this time, further searches were initiated if deemed appropriate by the biochemist. The file
folder (containing the format, abstracts, review articles, etc.) was then submitted to the toxicolo-
gist for review, evaluation and classification. The format was then edited and final typed on magnetic
cards and submitted to EPA for review on a weekly basis.
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INERT LISTING
Problems Encountered and Correction Procedures
The Inert List furnished by EPA contained 1606 entries. Of these, 302 were designated
Active (A) i.e., those which are also on the EPA Active Pesticide List. 129 were Natural (C),
materials which occur naturally. 116 were Trash (T), materials which are chemically undefinable.
396 were Synonyms (S) of the Inert (1) ingredients. There were 663 Inert (I), materials which are not
also used as active agents in pesticide formulations.
In these 1606 entries, a variety of problems were encountered:
(1) A large number of duplications (one compound have 2 or more numbers) were
observed.
(2) Numerous compounds were entered as Inert (I) when they were actually Active (A), as
found on the EPA Active Pesticides List.
(3) Several compounds were entered as Natural (C), when they were actually Trash (T) or
vice versa.
(4) A few compounds were entered as trash (T) when they were actually not Trash, but. in
fact Inert (I) or vice versa.
(5) A few typographical errors were also observed.
(6) A few errors were reported which consisted of one number assigned to two different
compounds.
(7) A combination of any of the above.
Accordingly, the errors were rectified and reported as follows:
when a compound was assigned 2 or more numbers, the lowest number was retained,
while, the other(s) was deleted.
when a compound was incorrectly designated, as (S) or (I) or (C) or (T), the proper
designation replaced the incorrect one
when the error clearly was typographical, the appropriate correction was made
when one number was assigned 2 different compounds, one of the compounds was
assigned a new number
when more than one type of error was observed for a single entry, an appropriate
combination of corrections was reported.
These corrections and revisions are shown in Appendix 1. They are listed by EPA Accession
Number as they appeared on the original computer printout.
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Chemical Classification
On receipt of the original list of 1606 inerts, an effort was made to write structural formulas
for all of the chemicals. Some of the inerts were listed by trade names for which a description of the
product could not be found; some were undefinable; some were only partially described: some were
natural products; some were technical products with indefinite compositions; some were reaction
products with no identity; some were polymers described only by type; and some names were in error.
After resolution of these difficulties, chemical structures were written for a large number of the
compounds or materials. A hand-written listing of these chemical structures and accession numbers was
developed and is in Appendix 2.
The chemically definable compounds (or materials) were classified or grouped by chemical
type. The inorganic chemicals were classified according to their anions, except for the elements which
were listed as such. These chemical classes are shown in Table 1. (page 8)
The organic chemicals were classified roughly in accordance with a chemical classification
scheme used within EPA.
By grouping similar chemicals together, the evaluation of the lexicological, environmental,
and other data was facilitated. In many cases, assessments of toxicology could be made for com-
pounds having no data because there was data available on very similar compounds that were within
the same chemical grouping.
Because chemical names were not consistent with any one system, the 9th Collective Index of
the American Chemical Society Chemical Abstracts Name and Registry number were provided for each
compound whenever possible. The Registry number is particularly valuable in computer searching
because this number provides immediate access to the information on each chemical in the various data
bases. ;
Following the classification and compilation of the chemicals and materials, a similar type of
classification was needed for the surfactants. Surfactants of one type or another are found in almost
every pesticide formulation, so that surfactants are undoubtedly one of the most important types of
inert ingredient of pesticide formulations. The classification of surfactants presents some problems
because many of these materials are technical products with incompletely defined compositions. The
difficulty here was resolved by adoption of a classification system advanced by McCutcheon in the
1974 comprehensive compilation of Detergents and Emulsifiers/North American Edition. In this
system, surfactants are divided into 58 chemical categories. As in the chemical classification, the
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surfactant classification scheme groups together similar chemicals or materials, and it was possible to
derive information on chemicals or materials for which there was no information. For surfactants,
McCutcheon's system is superior to that of the chemical structure classification because it does provide
classifications for technical products, i.e., for those materials with incompletely defined compositions.
These chemical classifications appear in Appendix 3.
The following compounds, listed in 40 CFR 180.1001, were not located in the listing of
inerts supplied by EPA. In many instances, the compounds are closely related but not identical to
inerts found in the listing. Some are dyes, which are used in very small amounts. A few are foods,
flavors, natural products, or derivatives thereof. Some indefinite substances are also included.
Ammonium bicarbonate
Bacillus, thuringiensis fermentation
solids and: or solubles
Ethylene methyl phenylglycidate
Furcelleran
Licorice root
Mono and diglycerides of C8-C18
fatty acids (some included)
Petroleum hydrocarbons, synthetic
isoparaffinic conforming to 21CFR121.
1154
Polyethylene, oxidized, conforming to
21CFR 121.1142
Poly (methylene-p-nonylphenoxy)-
poly(oxyethylene) ethanol; the poly
(oxyethylene) content averages
4-12 moles
Rhodamine B (dye)
Sodium acid pyrophosphate
Soy protein isolated
Starch (potato, tapioca and wheat)
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
Acrylamide, acrylic acid resins (see 1011)
a-Alkyl (C12-C18)-w-hydroxypoly (oxyethy-
lene/oxypropylene) heteric polymer in
which the oxyethylene content averages
13-17 moles and the oxypropylene
content averages 2-6 moles
1,3-Butylene glycol dimethacrylate
Cinnamon
Clove
Coal (derived only from anthracite and
bituminous coals)
Condensation product of orthophenyl-
phenol with 5 moles of ethylene oxide
Ammonium thiosulfate
Cod liver oil
Dextrose
Fish oil
Lactose
Magnesium lime
Petroleum hydrocarbons, light odorless conforming
to21CFR121.1182
Petroleum naptha conforming to 21 CFR 121.1203
Petroleum wax conforming to 21 CFR 121.1156
Phosphorus oxychloride
Poly (methylene-p-tert-butylphenoxy)-poly (oxyethylene)
ethanol; the poly (oxyethylene) content averages
4-12 moles
Potassium aluminum silicate
Polysorbate 65 conforming to 21 CFR 121.1108
Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate
Sodium aluminum silicate
Sodium lauryl glyceryl ether sulfonate
Sperm oil con forming to 21 CFR 121.1179
Tartrazine (dye)
Xanthan gum
a-Alkyl (C12-( 1 S)-omega-hydroxy-poly(oxyethylene)
sulfosuccinate, isopropylamine and N-hydroxyethyl
isopropylamine salts of; the poly (oxyethylene)
content averages 3-12 moles
N,N-Bis [a-ethyl-omega-hydroxy - poly (oxyethylene)
alkylamine; the polyoxyethylene) content averages
3 moles; the aJkyl groups (C 14-C18) are derived from
tallow, or from soybean or cottonseed oil acids
Coke (from anthracite and bituminous coals only
and petroleum)
Cyclohexane
Diallylphthalate
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Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate
FD&C Green No. 6 (dye)
FD&C Violet No 2 (dye)
Ferric chloride
Furfural byproduct
Locust bean gum
Maleic anhydride diisobutylene
copolymer, sodium salt
Pigment red 48 (dye)
Polyoxyethylated primary anine (C14-C18);
the fatty amine is derived from an
animal source and contains 3% water;
the poly-(oxyethylene) content
averages 20 miles
Tri-tert-butylphenol polyglycol ether
(MW 746)
Zinc orthophosphate
Calcium and sodium salts of certain
sulfonated petroleum fractions
(mahogany soaps): calcium salt
molecular weight 790-1,020 sodium
salt molecular weight 400-500
FD&C Blue No. 1 (dye)
FD&C Red No. 17 (dye)
Fenugreek
Fluoroapatite
(3-Lauramidopropyl) trimethylammonium methyl
sulfate
Methyl Violet 2 B (dye)
Partial sodium salt of N-lauryl-a-iminodipropionic
acid
Polyvinylacetate as defined in 21CFR121.1059
Rosin, gum
Rosin, tall oil
Sodium polyflavmoid sulfonate, consisting chiefly of
the copolymer of catechin and leucocyanidin
Vanillin
Wood rosin acid, potassium salts conforming to
21 CFR 121.2592
Sodium isopropyl isohexylnaphthalenesulfonate
Sodium monoalkyl and dialkyl (C8-C18) phenoxy-
benzene-disulfonate mixtures containing not
less than 70% of the monoalkylated product
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TABLE 1
CHEMICAL CLASSES
INORGANICS
A him mates
Azides
Berates
Bromides
Carbonates
Chlorates
Chlorides
Chromates
Elements
Fluorides
Hydroxides
Manganates
Molybdates
Nitrates
Oxides
Phosphates
Phosphites
Silicofluoride
Silicates
Sulfates
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Sulfites
Thiocyanates
Thiosulfates
-Aliphatic acids,
-Aliphatic acids,
-Aliphatic acids,
-Aliphatic acids,
-Aliphatic acids,
-Aliphatic acids,
ORGANICS
Acids
-Aliphatic Acids (Ci -C18)
-Aliphatic acids, metallic salts, soaps
-Aliphatic acids, ammonium or amine salts
esters
hydroxy
polyethoxy esters
anhydride
amides
chlorinated
-Aliphatic acids, amine derivatives
-Aliphatic acids, other derivatives
-Aliphatic acids, sulfoethyl ester (salt)
-Dicarboxylic acids, aliphatic
-Dicarboxylic acids, esters
-Dicarboxylic acids, sulfated, salts
-Aromatic acids, esters
-Aromatic acids, amides
-Aromatic acids, imides
-Aromatic acids, salts
-Phthalates
-Naphthenic acids, esters
-Naphthenic acids, salts
-Citric acid derivatives
-Anthranilic acid derivatives
-Methacrylic acid derivatives
Alcohols - Hydroxy Compounds
-Alcohol, aliphatic
-Alcohols, cyclic
-Alcohols, poly
-Alcohols, ethers - polyethoxy derivatives
-Alcohols, polyethoxy-polypropoxy derivatives
-Alcohols, polyethoxy, polypropoxy compounds
-Alcohols, polyethoxy-formaldehyde resins
-Alcohols, sugar (sorbitol & mannitol) & derivatives
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-Alcohols, sugar acids & derivatives
-Alcohols, glycols, dihydroxy compounds
-Alcohols, glycol derivatives
-Alcohols, glycerol esters (fats)
-Alcohols, peroxide
Aldehydes
-Aldehydes, aliphatic and aromatic
-Aldehydes, arsenic compounds
-Aldehydes, cellulose derivative
-Aldehydes, cyanuric acid
-Aldehydes, dicyclopentadiene derivative
-Aldehydes, dithiocarbamate
-Aldehydes, epoxy compounds
Alkyne derivatives
Amines
-Amines, aliphatic & salts
-Amines, oxides
-Amines, alicyclic
-Amines, aromatic & cycloparaffin
-Amines, polyethoxy compounds
Quaternary ammonium compounds
-Alkyl
-Pyridinium
-Imidazolinium
-Other
Imidazolines
Imino Compounds, bisethoxy
Oxazolines
Tetramine derivatives
Nitrilo Compounds
Ethylene diamine & triamine derivatives
A mine sulfonate
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Ethers
-Ethers, aromatic
-Ethers, dioxymethylene compound
-Ethers, polyether
-Ethers, other
Guanidine derivative
Halogen compounds
-Aliphatic chlorinated hydrocarbons
-Fluorocarbons & chlorofluorocarbons
-Brominated hydrocarbon
-Aromatic chlorine compounds
-Polychlorinated compounds
Heteronitrogen-oxygen Compound
Heteroxygen Compounds
Hydantoin
Hydrocarbons
-Aliphatic
-Aromatic
Ketones
Nitrile
Nitrite
Nitro Compounds
Peroxides
Phenolic Compounds
-Phenols
-Coumarin derivatives
-Aromatic polyhydroxy compounds
Phosphates & phosphites
-Esters
-Polyethoxy
-Nitri lophosphonate
-Salts
Polymers
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Pyrrolidines
Silicones
SuHates & Sulfonates
-Sulfates & salts
-Sulfates, polyethoxy
-Sulfates, amine salt
-Aliphatic sulfonic acids & salts
-Sulfonic acid, amine salt
-Aromatic sulfonic acids & salts
-Aromatic sulfonamides
-Sulfonated aromatic ethers
-Sulfonium compounds
-Lignin sulfonates
-Taurines
Sulfoxide
Terpenes
Thiazoles
Thiourea
Urea, ureides
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INVESTIGATION AND EVALUATION OF INERT INGREDIENTS
Development of Data Collection Formats
The data collection formats were developed with the following considerations:
Availability and type of chemical and toxicological data required for evaluation
Level of effort that could be applied to individual compounds
Types of compounds on the list (ie. active, true inert, trash, natural, synonym)
These formats were developed with the expectation that individual data items would be updated or
revised at a later date. The following four formats were utilized: (Sample completed formats appear
in Appendix 4).
Format I
Format II
Format III
This six-page format is the longest, most detailed format
and is used for evaluation of the true inert compounds.
This one-page form is used to list the "C" (natural), "T"
(trash) and the "A" (active pesticide) inerts. It is also
used to correct errors in the EPA Inerts list. These errors
include typographical errors, improper names, duplication
of names, etc.
Format III is a two-page form for substances that are
generally recognized as safe by FDA (GRAS), or for other
inerts whose relative safety is supported by abundant data
and/or other FDA clearances.
A three-page format is used for a special group of 250
surface active agents which can be broken down into a
number of chemical groups that are environmentally and
lexicologically similar. The information on these compounds
is limited and much of it is categorical in nature, necessitating
a somewhat specialized, shortened form. Some of the infor-
mation on the surfactants was obtained through correspondence
with manufacturers, and provisions are made for this.
On the following pages are the four data collection formats with appropriate explanations for
individual data items.
Format IV
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Format 1
A. EPA Accession Number and Name
The number and name of the compound as designated on the EPA Inert List.
B. American Chemical Society Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Name and Registry Number
The name and number of the compound assigned by the American Chemical Society Chemical
Abstracts Service in the 9th Collective Index of Chemical Abstracts. The CAS name and Re-
gistry Number will be obtained either from Chemline Chemical Abstracts, the EPA-furnished
printout of CAS data, the NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances or the EPA
Toxic Substances Control Act Candidate List of Chemical Substances.
C. Other Names
Includes synonyms as found in the Merck Index, the NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects of
Chemical Substances, the EPA-furnished pnntout of CAS data and Chemline. These synonyms
of a compound are preceded by the abbreviation of the synonym type: (EPA S), indicating the
EPA synonym designation: (T), for trade names; and (S), for other synonyms.
D. Chemical Composition:
The empincal formula and molecular weight (MW) are given in this section when available and
follow the Hill System (for organic compounds, the order of symbols is C, then H then all other
elements alphabetically, i.e. Cj5 H26O2N will be recorded as C15-H26-N-O2.) For salts, poly-
mers and addition compounds, the formula is printed in two or more parts separated by periods.
When a chemical formula is not available, a general description may be given.
E. EPA Chemical Code
To be filled in by the EPA when it becomes available.
F. Molecular Structure
When known and available, a representation of the molecule showing the arrangement of the atoms
or structural groups is drawn.
G. Chemical and Physical Properties
Obtained from the Merck Index, or the Chemical Rubber Company Handbook of Chemistry and
Physics. All temperatures are in degrees Celsius.
1. Solubility the solubility of a substance in water and other liquids, at room temperature
(25°C), unless otherwise specified.
2. Specific Gravity or Density specific gravity or density is reported with temperature, e.g.,
SG-20 1.321 or SG-20/4 1.321, where 20 is the temperature of the material and 4 indicates
comparison with water at 4° Celsius.
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3. State, Color, Odor, E.c. as mentioned in the literature.
4. MP, BP, VP melting point, boiling point, and vapor pressure data are listed with the
conditions at which the measurements were made, e.g., BP (10) 176° indicates that the
boiling point under 10mm pressure was 176° C; VP (25) 20 means that the vapor pres-
sure at 25°C was 20mm.
5. Corrosiveness indicates, when available, if the compound is corrosive.
6. Technical Products and Impurities - indicates the availability and impurities of com-
pounds, if information is available.
7. Stability includes information on hydrolysis, photolysis, half life, chemical reactivity
or volatility, or a general qualitative statement on the compound's stability.
H. Use as an Inert
The use or uses of the inert compound as specified by the EPA and obtained from the U. S.
Code of Federal Regulations: 40 part 180.1001. See J.2 Government Regulations-EPA.
Occasionally these uses are obtained from journal articles or abstracts and from the Farm
Chemicals Handbook. When no use is available in the literature, a probable use is sometimes
suggested.
I. Other Uses
Besides their uses in pesticide formulations, these compounds often have many other vaned uses
which are listed here. The "Active?" question is a check-off point to insure that each individual
inert is checked against the EPA Active Pesticides List. If an inert is found to also occur on the
Active List, a Format II is used in place of Format I.
J. Government Regulations
1. FDA - as mentioned in the U. S. Code of Federal Regulations: 21, Food and Drug Ad-
ministration, Part 121,1976.
2. EPA as mentioned in the U. S. Code of Federal Regulations: 40. Protection of the
Environment 180.1001, 1976.
^
3. OSHA as mentioned in the U. S. Code of Federal Regulations: 29, Occupational Safety
and Health Administration, Part 1910. 1000, 1976.
4. NIOSH as mentioned in the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health
Criteria Documents. NB: NIOSH does not set standards, but does recommend stand-
ards to OSHA.
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5. DOT - as mentioned in the U. S. Code of Federal Regulations; 49, Department of
Transportation, 1976.
6. Other Federal Miscellaneous federal regulations are listed here, along with Threshold
Limit Values (TLV's) and Ceiling Values for workroom air as established by the American
Conference of Governmental and Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). These TLV's and Ceiling
Values are specified in Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents
in the Workroom Environment with Intended Changes for 1975; ACGIH, Cincinnati, Ohio,
1975.
7. State, County - State and local regulations are listed here when found in the general
literature.
8. Foreign Countries Foreign restrictions and regulations as mentioned in the general litera-
ture are listed here when available.
K. Manufacturers
Manufacturers and suppliers are listed here and are obtained from the Chemical Marketing
Reporter. OPD Chemical Buyers Directory, Schnell Publishing Co., New York: 1977.
L. Environment
1. Effect - on air and water quality, vegetation, fish and other aquatic organisms, and
birds.
2. Conversion Products (Metabolites, Degradation Products) as mentioned in the general
literature.
3. Fate chemical and biochemical reactions in the environment, transport in soils, aquatic
systems, and biota.
4. Persistence - retention time of compound in the environment as found in the literature.
5. Bioaccumulation data as mentioned in the general literature on the accumulation of a
compound in the biota.
M. Toxicology
Abbreviated summaries elaborating representative references are presented. Toxicity to non-
human mammals (M.2). is restricted to studies on animals used to predict potential human
hazard, and includes mice, rats, and rabbits, guinea pigs, cats, dogs and simians. Also included
are some studies performed in vitro i.e. mutagenic studies on microbial systems. Literature
references used here include abstracts obtained from on-line data bases, (see O.I of the format)^
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review articles, standard toxicology reference volumes,the NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects
of Chemical Substances, The Merck Index and some complete journal articles obtained to
clarify nebulous abstracts. Selection of the cited literature was carefully made. It is impor-
tant to keep in mind that the literature cited is only a representative sample of the available
literature, as it was not the objective of the task to perform a complete literature search on
the compounds from the EPA Inert List.
N. Sources U^ed in the Search
Toxline, Medline, Toxback, Cancerline, and Chemline data bases were searched for all inerts.
The Merck Index, the NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances and several
standard texts and references were also searched.
O. Recommendations
Following a professional review of the data presented on the format, a. brief summary/recom-
mendation is written and the compound is assigned to one of the following hazard classes:
Class 1. This category of inerts will contain those found to have chemical, toxicological
or environmental characteristics that require immediate attention.
Class 2. Available data indicate probable cause for alarm because chemical structure is
similar to a known toxicant, or a metabolic environmental pathway may result in
breakdown to a known toxicant, or irreversible chronic effects are known, e.g.,
neurotoxicity, irreversible eye damage, skin sensitization, etc. Massive fish kills
or other environmental effects may also trigger this category.
Class 3. Hazard data inadequate for total review where it is apparent that the use of the
inert would indicate certain test requirements.
Class 4. No hazard data found or complete testing-published i.e., ideal situations.
Class 5. Nature of inert does not allow chemical definitions, i.e., manure, corn, rotten
eggs, etc.: however, it is reasonable to assume no hazard exists.
Class 6. Miscellaneous Class - errors in number or name; the name could not be properly
identified, number incorrect, incorrect classification, etc.
P. References and Review Articles
The references which yielded useful data on the compound are listed here in normal bibliographic
manner. Ten primary references are printed as part of the format and are numbered if used in the
data collection process. Additional references are then added to this list of primary sources.
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Format II
A. EPA Access Number and Name:
The number and name of the compound as designated on the EPA Inert List.
B. Description
When possible the Chemical Abstracts Services (CAS) name and number are given. For many
of the "C" or natural products, a dictionary definition is given in this space. Possible structures
are drawn here for some of the "T" or Trash compounds. This space is left blank when a For-
mat II is used to correct errors in the EPA Inerts List.
C. Use as an Inert
The use of compound in a pesticide formulation as specified in the EPA Code of Federal
Regulations: 40 part 180.1001. For some compounds a probable use is specified. This space
is left blank when a Format II is used to correct errors in the EPA Inerts list.
D. Problems Encountered
Explains that the title compound occurs on the "T" (trash), "C" (natural) or "A" (active)
list. In the case of a listing error: this space is used to show exactly what the error is and what
action has been taken.
E. Recommendation
The "C" (natural) and "T" (trash) compounds are assigned to a hazard class and a brief state-
ment explains the reasoning behind the classification (see hazard classes in Format I).
F. Sources Used in Search
The on-line data bases, Merck Index and NIOSH Registry were searched for the "C" and "T"
compounds. The information provided for the Active compounds came mainly from the
EPA-furnished list of Chemical Abstracts Service data.
18
POTOMAC RESEARCH. INCORPORATED
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Format III
Format III is essentially an abbreviated version of Format I. The compounds for which
Format III is used are mostly GRAS substances (generally recognized as safe by the FDA), or other
substances whose relative safety is well substantiated. Format III is identical to Format I, except for
the following sections:
J. Government Regulations
All government regulations are listed in one section without any division.
L. Environment
Pertinent environmental data regarding occurrence in nature, environmental effects, accumu-
lation, persistence and biodegradation are all listed in this section with no divisions.
M. Toxicology
Selected data regarding any aspects of toxicology, human or non-human, is presented in this
one section.
P. References and Review Articles
Only the references actually used are listed in this section.
19
POTOMAC RESEARCH. INCORPORATED
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Format IV
A. EPA Accession Number and Name
The number and name of the compound as designated in the EPA Inerts List.
B. American Chemical Society Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Name and Registry Number
The CAS name and registry number when available, as in Format I.
C. Other Names
Synonyms of the title compound are listed here. These synonyms are preceded by an abbre-
viation of the synonym type: (EPA S), indicating the synonym(s) found on the original inerts
list: (S), indicating the synonyms such as those found in the Merck Index, Chemline, the NIOSH
Registry, or on the EPA-furnished printout of CAS data.
No trade names are listed in this section on Format IV.
D. Chemical Composition
The empirical formula and molecular weight or a general description as in Format I.
E. Molecular Structure
A drawing of the molecule is included when possible showing the arrangement of the atoms,
alkyl chains and ethoxyl groups.
F. Surfactant Class
The 1974 edition of McCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers lists 58 different chemical classes of
surfactants. 37 of these classes are represented by the 250 surfactants taken from the inerts
list. The appropriate class is listed for each surfactant.
G. Physical Data
Many trade names were available for the surfactant inerts. It was possible to collect physical
data for some of them from McCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers and from technical
literature supplied by the manufacturers. In this section the trade name along with the
chemical name, the manufacturer, the physical state, the product concentration and the H. L.B.
are given.
The hydrophilic-lipophilic balance or H. L. B. is a measure of the emulsifying efficiency of a
surfactant. It is represented by an arbitrary scale on which the higher values indicate greater
hydrophilic character.
The solubility and the ionic character - - whether the surfactant is amomc, noniomc or cationic.
are also listed in this section.
20
POTOMAC RESEARCH. INCORPORATED
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H.
The data in this section was.obtained from the E. P. A. Code of Federal Regulations; 40 part
180.1001, McCutcheons Detergents and Emulsifiers, and from technical information supplied
by manufacturers. When no use is available, a probable use is sometimes suggested.
I. Government Regulations
The EPA and FDA regulations covering each surfactant are listed in this section.
J. Environment
Data concerning biodegradability, metabolites, persistence and aquatic toxicity are recorded
here. Very often, the paucity of information required data on similar compounds be used. A
standard paragraph on the environmental effects of an entire chemical class of surfactants was
often written here for each member of that class. Environmental data was obtained from Human
Safety and Environmental Aspects of Major Surfactants, Surfactant Biodegradation, McCutcheon's
Detergents and Emulsifiers and from technical information furnished by the manufacturers.
K. Toxicology
All human and non-human toxicity data, except for aquatic toxicity information, is recorded
here. As in the previous section it was often necessary to use data on similar compounds and/
or to write a brief summary of the toxicity of an entire class of surfactants.
Toxicity information was mainly available from the NIOSH Registry, Human Safety and Environ-
mental Aspects of Major Surfactants, Nonionic Surfactants and Cationic Surfactants. Informa-
tion was also obtained directly from manufacturers, with a small amount coming from the on-line
data bases.
L. Recommendation
After a professional review of the data presented, each group of surfactants was assigned to a
hazard class and a brief summary and evaluation of the group was given (see hazard classes in
Format I).
M. Bibliography
References are listed in normal bibliographic manner. Literature from manufacturers is cited
as "Technical Information" preceded by the manufacturers name.
21
POTCMAC RESEARCH. INCORPORATED
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Data Sources
When the data collection was initiated, key persons (in toxicology and biology) in Government
agencies and other organizations were contacted for both published and unpublished information. Repre-
sentatives from the following organizations were contacted for information pertaining to the inerts:
NAS
NCI
FDA
NIEHS
Selected Industrial Concerns (particularly for the surfactants)
Selected Associations
NIOSH
NLM
Soap and Detergent Association
FASEB
NTIS
DOT - Hazardous Materials Division
OSHA
International Labor Organization
Hazelton Laboratories
Local University Libraries
L'Sted in Table 2 are the more significant standard texts, references, periodicals, and
on-line data bases that were used in the data collection. Explanations are provided with each listing as
to the type of data that was extracted from each individual source.
22
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TABLE 2. SOURCES OF DATA
1. The Merck Index, 9th Ed., Merck and Co., Rahway, N. J., 1976.
Information on substance definition and usage, synonyms, and physical data such as melting
point, boiling point, vapor pressure, molecular weight and formula, physical state, color, odor,
solubilities and density. A general toxicity statement was sometimes available.
2. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 57th Ed., CRC Press, Cleveland, Ohio, 1976.
Physical data, i.e. melting and boiling points, vapor pressure, state, color, solubilities and
density.
3. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances, National Institute of Occupational Safety
and Health, U. S. G. P. O., Washington, D. C, 1976.
Synonyms, molecular weight, quantitative mammalian toxicity data, aquatic toxicity ratings,
government regulations and available reviews.
4. EPA - Furnished Print Out of CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service) Data.
CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service) numbers, synonyms, trade names, and molecular formula.
5. Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products, M. N. Gleason, et al, 2nd and 3rd Eds., Williams
and Wilkms Co., Baltimore, 1963 and 1969.
Human toxicity data, (mostly symptomatic), occasional case studies and quantitative animal
toxicity on fairly well-known compounds.
6. Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, N. L. Sax, 2nd Ed., Reinhold Publishing Corp.,
New York, 1963.
Limited physical data, symptomatic human toxicity information, occasional case studies
and some human toxic doses.
7. McCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers. North American Ed., McCutcheons Division, The
Manufacturing Confectioner Publishing Co., Ridgewood. N.J., 1976.
Name of manufacturer, formula, physical data, usage information. Surfactant classification.
Largely used.
8. Surfactant Science Series:
Noniomc Surfactants. Vol. l.Schick, M. J. Ed..Marcel Dekker Inc., New York. 1967.
Surfactant Biodegradation, Vol. 3, Swisher, R. D., Marcel Dekker Inc.. New York, 1970.
Cationic Surfactants. Vol. 4, Jungermann. E., Ed.. Marcel Dekker Inc.. New York, 1970.
Classification, information on biodegradation, and mammalian toxicology for surfactants.
23
POTOMAC RESEARCH. INCORPORATED
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9. Human Safety and Environmental Aspects of Major Surfactants, A report to the Soap
and Detergent Association, May, 1977.
Environmental and toxicological effects of seven major groups of surfactants.
10. OPD Chemical Buyers Directory. Oil, Paint and Drug Reporter, Schnell Publishing Co.,
New York, 1976.
Manufacturers and suppliers
11. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man, World
Health Organization, Geneva.
Comprehensive toxicological evaluation of compounds suspected of being carcinogens.
12. WHO Food Additive Series. World Health Organization, Geneva.
Comprehensive evaluation of the safety of compounds used as food additives.
13. CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 1st Ed., The Cosmetic Toiletry and Fragrance
Association, Inc., Washington, D. C., 1973
CAS numbers, definitions, synonyms.
14. GRAS Monograph Series, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, U. S. G. P. O., Washington,
D. C.
Comprehensive evaluation of compounds generally recognized as safe (GRAS) as food
additives.
15. Code of Federal Regulations 40. Part 180.1001, U. S. EPA, Washington, D. C., 1976.
Listing of compounds excluded from tolerance requirements when used in pesticide
formulations as inert ingredients and limitations on their use.
16. Code of Federal Regulations 21, Part 121-130, U. S. F. D. A, Washington, D. C., 1976.
Restrictions on the use of compounds as food additives or as components of articles
coming in contact with food.
17 Code of Federal Regulations 29. Part 1910.1000, U. S. , OSHA. Washington, D. C.
Limitations on employee's exposure to compounds in the working environment.
18. Code of Federal Regulations, 49. Part 172.101. DOT, Washington, D. C., 1976.
Regulations on the transportation of compounds.
24
POTOMAC RESEARCH. INCORPORATED
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On-Line Data Bases
Chemline
CAS Registry name and numbers, molecular formulas, synonyms.
*Toxline and Toxback
Abstracts on human and animal short and long term toxicity studies, environmental
effects, adverse drug reactions, metabolic studies, usage information, many studies on
carcinogenesis and co-carcinogenesis, mutagenic and teratogenic effects.
Medline
Abstracts of drug effects and metabolic effects of chemicals in humans and animals.
Cancerline
Abstracts on cancer studies on humans and animals.
"The majority of data used in this study.
25
POTOMAC RESEARCH. INCORPORATED
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Inert Evaluation Procedure and Search Strategy
After the Inert List was corrected, revised and the compounds chemically classified, the
evaluation was initiated. In general, the inerts were studied in numeric order from the list. In some
cases, particularly when there was a scarcity of data (e.g. surfactants), the compounds were evaluated
in the previously discussed chemical classes. The following 23 steps summarize the general evaluation
procedure and Figure 1 depicts schematically these activities and the more important data sources.
1. Make up individual folder for each inert compound.
2. Incorporate EPA-fumished printout listing accession number(s), CAS number, synonyms,
trade names and the molecular formula (this printout is not available for all compounds).
3. Search Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (NIOSH) for: names, molecular
weight, LDSCPs, TDLO's and other quantitative toxicity data for the different routes of
administration, aquatic toxicity ratings, OSHA regulations, DOT regulations, NIOSH and
ACGIH recommended standards, molecular formula, and indication of neoplasms (TFX:
NEO), teratogenesis (TFX:TER), and carcinogemcity (TFX:CAR).
4. Search Merck Index for usage information, synonyms and physical data such as melting
point, boiling point, vapor pressure, molecular weight and formula, physical state, color,
odor, solubilities and density, and for a general toxicity statement.
5. Search CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics for physical data as in (4).
6. Search Gleason's Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products for human toxicity data.
Information is mostly symptomatic, some case studies are mentioned and occasionally
quantitative animal data (LDSO's): a human toxicity rating is assigned to the most com-
mon compounds. This reference deals mainly with the fairly well known compounds.
7. Search Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials for some physical data similar
to (4), symptomatic human toxicity information, occasional case studies, and some
human toxic doses.
8. Search several other standard references such as; McCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers,
CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcino-
genic Risk of Chemicals to Man, WHO Food Additive Series, GRAS Monograph Senes.
OPD Chemical Buyers Directory, the ACGIH's Threshold Limit Values, the EPA. FDA,
OSHA and DOT Code of Federal Regulations and selected review articles and technical
reports.
9. Biochemist draws molecular structure.
26
POTOMAC RESEARCH. INCORPORATED
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SHEET 2 OF 2
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10. Search On-Line Data Bases.
a) Search CHEMLINE first for CAS number, molecular formula, CAS name,
synonyms, trade names (Not all inerts are on CHEMLINE.) CHEMLINE
printout information should agree closely with EPA furnished printout, but
often does not, particularly the CAS number and name.
b) Use CAS number(s) and names from many of the previous sources to search
other data bases (Toxline, Medline, Toxback, Cancerline). If many postings
are found limit them to the most applicable ones using keywords such as
Toxi:, Terato:, Muta:, Carcino:, Cancer:.
Listed below are five separate examples of various search strategies utilized for
the on-line data base search:
Chloroethane EPA 00067 2
For this compound, a very simple search strategy was all that was needed
to turn up a reasonable number of abstracts. The CAS number yielded 11
postings in the data base and the name of the compound yielded 29 more for
a total of 40 abstracts.
1, 3-Dibutyl-2-thiourea EPA 000298
No postings were found for this compound. Chemline was then searched
for various thioureas. The CAS numbers of these compounds yielded 8 postings.
The word "DI: THIOUREA" yielded 21 more for a total of 29 abstracts.
Citric acid, tris(triethylamme) salt of EPA 000433
No specific postings were available on triethylamine citrate. Since the citric
acid moiety is known to be of no consequence, the search was concentrated on
triethylamine. The CAS number for triethylamine and the word "TRIETHY-
LAMINE:" yielded 121 postings.
Calcium Perchlorate EPA 000424
No postings were available specifically on this compound. Information was
obtained, however, using "PERCHLORATE:". CAS numbers of other related
perchlorate salts were selected from Chemline. These related CAS numbers along
with "PERCHLORATE:" yielded 189 postings. The most applicable abstracts
were selected by searching the 189 postings with the key words "MUTA:",
"TERATO:", "POISON:". "CANCER.", and "CARCINO:". The results of
using the key words were added together for a total of 28 final postings.
29
POTOMAC RESEARCH. INCORPORATED
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l-Methoxy-2-propanol EPA 000291
It was anticipated that very few postings would be available on this
compound, so two trade names ("Dowtherm 209" and Dowanol 33P")
were used along with the CAS number to search the data base. Two postings
resulted from this search, neither of which were the result of using the trade
names. In another search statement, the trade names were truncated to
"Dowtherm:" and "Dowanol:". The less specific trade names yielded six
additional postings. By using these truncated names, a whole family of trade
names is searched under the assumption that the members of the family are
similar compounds.
c) Wait three days for abstracts to arrive by mail (if any).
d) Review abstracts for case studies, animal studies, metabolism, absorption,
teratology, carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, excretion, acute and chronic
effects, environmental effects and anything else pertinent to the toxico-
logical evaluation.
e) List any pertinent info from abstracts on form.
11. Get hard copy of abstracts if necessary.
12. Submit folder to Biochemist for verification of chemical information.
13. Make any corrections or additions pointed out by Biochemist; search on-line data
bases using any additional names (esp. trade) mentioned by Biochemist.
14. Submit folder to Toxicologist for review of lexicological information, recommendations
and classification.
15. Review form and recommendations for errors and consistency.
16. Send form to technical editor for proofreading.
17. Editor sends form to typist.
18. Typist types draft on mag card.
19. Editor reviews draft for typo's, etc.
20. The literature searchers (demist and Environmentalist) review rough draft for tech-
nical typo's, etc. that the editor may not be able to catch.
21. Typist corrects rough draft on mag card.
30
POTOMAC RESEARCH. INCORPORATED
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22. Typist prints final copy.
23. Copy submitted to EPA.
* At just about any point in this process, but usually near the beginning, additional
errors in the EPA inert list may be uncovered and a problem form (Form 2) will
have to be made. These errors include duplication of names, spelling, improper
synonyms, improper designation (A, C, T, S, I) etc.
31
POTOMAC RESEARCH. INCORPORATED
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Surfactants
Of the 663 inert compounds, approximately 250 were true surfactants. Generally, chemical
and toxicological information was scarce and the compounds were very difficult to search.
Initially, the standard evaluation procedure was performed on the 250 individual surfactants.
This was not very successful but the limited data that was collected was transferred to the data collec-
tion formats. At this time efforts were initiated to contact individual manufacturers of these compounds.
A form letter was developed (see Appendix 5) and letters were sent to 180 surfactant manufacturers or
formulators. These companies were selected from McCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers, North
American Edition. A list of these companies is in. Appendix 6. This effort resulted in the acquisition
of considerable recent technical literature and information, much of it not available from general
literature sources.
32
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lexicological Classification
As data was collected on individual compounds, the inerts were toxicologically evaluated.
Following a professional review of available literature, the inerts were categonzed as:
Class 1 This category of inerts contains those found to have chemical, lexicological
or environmental characteristics that require immediate attention.
Class 2 Available data indicate probable cause for alarm because chemical structure is
similar to a known toxicant, or a metabolic environmental pathway may result
in breakdown to known toxicant, or irreversible chronic effects are known, e.g.,
neurotoxicity, irreversible eye damage, skin sensitization, etc. Massive fish kills
or other environmental effects also triggers this category.
Class 3 Hazard data inadequate for total review where it is apparent that the use of the
inert would indicate certain test requirements.
Class 4 No hazard data found or complete testing published i.e., ideal situations.
Class 5 Nature of inert does not allow chemical definitions, i.e., manure, corn, rotten eggs,
etc.; however, it is reasonable to assume no hazard exists.
Class 6 Miscellaneous Class - errors in number or name; the name could not be properly
identified, number incorrect, incorrect classification, etc.
Listed in Table 3 are those compounds which were assigned a Class 1 or 2 hazard classification.
33
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TABLE 3
GLASS 1 AND 2 COMPOUNDS
EPA
Accession Hazard
Number Compound Name Class
419 Phenarsazine oxide 1
623 Dimethylamine 1
692 Hydroxylamine Sulfate 1
695 Lead 1
734 2-Imidazolidinethione 1
766 Dioxane 1
781 Saccharin 1
914 2-Ethylhexanoic acid, nickel salt of 1
83 Diethanolamine oleate 2
272 7-Hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin 2
298 1 ,3-Dibutyl-2-thiourea 2
308 alpha, beta-Epoxy-beta-methylhydrocinnamic acid, ethyl
ester of 2
316 Dichloroanilirne 2
332 Tris (2-Butoxyethyl) phosphate 2
343 l-Methyl-2-pyrrolidene 2
433 Citric acid, tris (triethylamine) salt of 2
435 Citric acid, tris (dimethylamine) salt of 2
455 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, tetrakis (triethylamine) salt of 2
461 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, tetrakis (diethanolamine)
salt of 2
571 Tnethylamine phosphate 2
595 7-(Diethylamino)-4-methylcoumarin 2
706 Diethylenetriamine 2
724 l-Amino-2-propanol nitrite 2
736 1,3-Diethyl-2-thiourea 2
751 Lead chromate 2
752 N, N'-Dinitrosopentamethylene tetramine 2
753 Dicyanodiamide 2
777 Propylamine nitrite 2
795 Nitromethane 2
843 Nitrilotriacetic acid, tris (tnethylamine) salt of 2
850 Aniline 2
882 Triethyl phosphate 2
895 Hexane 2
898 Nonylphenol, barium salt of 2
899 Toluic acid, cadimun salt of 2
941 N-Ethyltoluenesuifonamide 2
976 1,2-Eposybutane 2
981 Alpha, alpha-Dimethylbenzyl hydroperoxide 2
983 Atropine 2
34
POTOMAC RESEARCH. INCORPORATED
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CLASS 1 AND 2 COMPOUNDS - Continued
EPA
Accession Hazard
Number Compound Name Class
1001 Maleic anhydride 2
1007 Dimethyl ether 2
1009 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol, sodium salt of 2
1034 2,2'-(Ethylamino)diethanol 2
1039 Diisopropanolamine 2
1069 Acetonitrile 2
1070 1,2,3-Benzotriazole 2
1085 Triethylamine 2
1093 2-Nitropropane 2
1116 Triethylamine Sulfate 2
1132 3, 4-Epoxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid, (3, 4-epoxycyclohexyl)
methyl ester of 2
1193 tert-Butyl peroxide 2
1210 Dibutyldithiocarbamic acid, zinc salt of 2
35
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RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER STUDY
During the course of the contract, certain additional areas of work were identified. These
tasks became apparent as a result of experience gained during the chemical investigations. Some of
them are closely related to the initial inerts studies and actually represent more detailed investigations
of the original work.
In most cases the compounds in the EPA Inerts List represent defined compounds with specific
chemical and physical properties. However, in several instances the compounds listed cover wide ranges
of chemicals of varying lexicological and physical properties. These listings should be subdivided and
treated as separate compounds. Examples of these are listed below:
Polyethylene glycol - At least three families are commercially available. The materials
vary from liquids to hard waxy solids. The lexicological profiles also vary with the
physical properties.
The Resins Possibly as many as 50 resins or derivatives of resins from plant sources
are commercially available. Some of these are exceedingly strong skin sensitizers. Some
degree of division into smaller sub-classes would be desirable.
Terpenes Many terpenes or derivatives are available commercially. These vary consi-
derably in their toxic properties.
The Synthetic Resins Generally, these materials vary inversely in toxicity with their
molecular weight. Thus, the monomers are most toxic. Some segregation by chain
length or molecular weight would be useful.
Isomeric materials Many solvents and intermediates are available in optically active
forms. The lexicological profiles are often quite different from isomer to isomer. Where
such materials are available with one isomer predominant, separate evaluations should be
performed.
This subdivision of individual listings would provide:
Uniformity of lexicological classification and assurance that the most appropriate class
is assigned to each listing
Improved definition of toxicological and chemical properties for each listing
36
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Assistance to EPA in the formulation of future bans or restrictions on selected com-
pounds. That is, by further definition of these specific listings, regulations could be
confined to specific designations of compounds, (e.g. one particular family of polyethylene
glycol)
This task could serve as a first step in the preparation and writing of specifications for selected compounds
pertaining to the formulation of pesticides containing inert ingredients.
A separate task would consist of completing formats on the Active compounds that appeared on
the original 1606 listing. These are compounds that appear on the EPA Active Chemical List but are
also apparently used as inert ingredients in some formulations.
Prior to the decision to utilize a Format II for these compounds, Potomac Research had started
collecting data and completing Format Fs on these compounds. Thus a portion of these compounds
have been searched or partially searched and the format filled in. Generally, there exists more chemical
and lexicological data for these compounds than the true inerts.
By including these compounds in the evaluations, a more complete data base of inerts will result.
That is, the total group of compounds will represent those chemicals that are used as inerts in formulations
and thus specifications and regulations for inerts can be readily applied to the appropriate compound.
Another worthwhile task would be the formulation of detailed criteria documents on Class 1
and Class 2 compounds. This would include an in-depth literature search on each compound. The
preliminary investigations performed during this contract would provide an excellent starting point for
such studies. The finished product could be used by EPA in the event of any regulatory action.
37
-------
APPENDICES
-------
Appendix 1
-------
NO
NAME
Appendix 1
Inert List Corrections
PROBLEM
CORRECTION
12S Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, 2- typographical error
. (2 - amlnoethyl) amino1 ethanol
salt of
12S Aminoethanolamine dodecyl-
benzene sulfonate
46T Tetrasodium N - (1, 2 -
dlcarboxyethyl) - N -
octadecyl sulfosuccinate
62S cis - 9 - Octadecenyl sulfate,
sodium salt of
167 Toluene and xylene alkylated
with dicyclopentadiene
205 2, 2' - Tetradecyliminodd-
ethanol
206 2, 2' - Ilexadecyliminodi-
ethanol
207 2, 2' - Octadecyliminodi-
ethanol
213 Optical brightener
242C Paper
243C Glue
improper synonym
not trash
synonym of 61
indefinite
duplicate of 197
duplicate of 198
duplicate of 199
indefinite
not natural
not natural
corrected as follows; 12S
Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid; 2-_
(2 - aminoethyl) amino1 ethanol
salt of
number deleted, new number 001224
number changed to 46
number deleted, new number 61S
number changed to 167T
205 deleted
206 deleted
207 deleted
number changed to 213T
number changed to 242T
number changed to 243T
-------
257 Zonolite
259 Silica
271 2, 6 - Di-tert-butyl-p-
cresol
271S 2, 6 - Bis (1, 1 - dimethyl-
ethyl) - 4 - methyl phenol
271S Butylated hydroxytoluol
27IS BUT
276 Stearic acid
283S Carbon
294 Vinylacetate copolymer
295 Stearic acid, aluminum
salt of
296S Aluminum stearate
299S Dibutyl thiourea
302 Polyethylene film
318C Pharmamedia
321C Flo - float
333S Tributoxyethylphosphate
340 Phenol
synonym of 256
occurs on the EPA Active
Pesticides list
duplicate of 689A
synonym of 689A
synonym of 689A
synonym of 689A
duplicate of 347A
duplicate of 284, improper
synonym of 283
indefinite
duplicate of 762
duplicate of 762S
synonym of 298
synonym of 1188
not natural
not natural
synonym of 332
occurs on EPA active
pesticides list
number deleted, new number 256S
number changed to 259A
271 deleted
number changed to 689A (S)
number changed to 689A (S)
number changed to 689A (S)
276 deleted
283S deleted
number changed to 294T
295 deleted
296S deleted
number deleted, new number 298S
number deleted, new number
1188S
number changed to 318T
number changed to 321T
number changed to 332S
number changed to 340A
-------
343
1 - Methyl - 2 - pyrrolidene
344S N - Methyl - 2 - pyrrolidene
353 Hydrated lime
354S Calcium carbonate
355C Paint
356S Calcium sulfate dihydrate
357 Calcium silicate
358 Soapstone
358C Fertilizer
358S Magnesium silicate hydrate
359 Celite
360 Diatomaceous earth
362C Perlite
363C Frianite
365C Tobacco dust
typographical error
synonym of 343
synonym of«550A
improper synonym of 354,
duplicate of 543A
not natural, not a syno-
nym of 355
synonym of 355, improper
synonym of 356A
improper synonym of 357,
duplicate of 540A
synonym of 361
not natural
synonym of 361
synonym of 360A
occurs on the EPA Active
Pesticides List
not natural
not natural
occurs on the EPA Active
pesticides list
corrected as follows: 343
1 - Methyl - 2 - pyrrolidine
344S deleted, new number 343S,
typographical error, corrected
as follows: 343S N - Methyl -
2 - pyrrolidine
353 deleted, new number 550A fS)
354S deleted
355C deleted, new number
created 1223T
356S deleted, new number 355S
357 (Calcium silicate)
deleted
358 deleted, new number 361S
number changed to 358T
358S deleted, new number 361S
359 deleted, new number 360A
(S)
number changed to 360A
number changed to 362T
number changed to 363T
number changed to 365A
-------
370C Medicated block for Pheno-
thiazine
371C Salt block for Phenothia-
zinc
373C Feed supplements
374C Phosphodust
38LA Cetyl alcohol
405 Polybutylene
410S 2 - (2 - Ethoxyethoxy) ethanol
410S Carbitol
411 Propylene glycol monomethyl
ether
411S 1 - Methoxy - 2 - propanol
415 Dlpropylene glycol monomethyl
ether
415S 3 - (3 - Methoxypropoxy) - 1 -
propanol
427 Chlorinated blphenyl
440 o - Cresol
450 Dinitrophenol
not natural
not natural, probably a syno-
nym of 370
not natural
not natural
typographical error
synonym of 404
synonym of 409
synonym of 409
synonym of 291
duplicate of 291
duplicate of 1141A
synonym of 1141A
occurs on the EPA active
pesticides list
occurs on the EPA active
pesticides list
occurs on the EPA active
pesticides list
number changed to 370T
371 deleted, number changed to
370T (S)
number changed to 373T
number changed to 374T
corrected as follows: 381A
Cetyl alcohol
405 deleted, new number 404S
410S deleted, new number 409S
410S deleted, new number 409S
411 deleted, new number 291S
411S deleted
415 deleted
415S deleted, new number
1141A (S)
number changed to 427A
number changed to 440A
number changed to 450A
-------
482 Dodecyland higher aliphatic
ketones
492A Magfesium sulfate
512A Petrolatrum
515 White oil
588 D - Limonene
596S 4 - Methyl - 7 - diethyl-
amino coumarin
606S N, N - Dimethyl - cis- 9 -
octaderenylamine benzoate
607 Benzoic acid, N, N - di-
methyl - cis, cis - 9, 12-
octadienylamine salt of
624C Lignoflex
626 Stearic acid, magnesium salt
of
627S Magnesium stearate
634S Sodium sulfosuccinate
648A Dioctyl sodium sulfosuc-
cinate
indefinite
typographical error
typographical error
indefinite
occurs on the EPA active
pesticides list
synonym of 595
typographical error
typographical error
not natural
duplicate of 763
duplicate of 763S
synonym of 633
synonym of 42A
number changed to 482T
corrected as follows: 492A
Magnesium sulfate
corrected as follows: Petrola-
tum
number changed to 515T
number changed to 588A
596S deleted, new number 595S
corrected as follows: N, N -
Dimethyl - cis - 9 - octadec-
enylamine benzoate
corrected as follows: 607
Benzoic acid, N, N - dimethyl-
cis, cis - 9, 12- octadecadJ-
enylamine salt of
number changed to 624T
626 deleted
627S deleted
634S deleted, new number 633S
648A deleted, new number 42A (S)
-------
649 Styrene acrylic copolymer
655S Polyoxyethylene octadecyl
phenol
680 Dimethylpolysiloxane
707C Chlorinated rubber
708C Epoxy resin
710 Triisopropylnaphthalene-
sulfonic acid, sodium salt of
710S Sodium triisopropyl naphthalene
sulfonate
712 Chlorophyll
717C Latex
719C Dog or cat collar
721 Palmitic acid
725 N, N - Dimethyldodecylamine
oxide
726 N, N - Dimethyltetradecylamine
oxide
727 N, N - Dimethylhexadecylamine
oxide
728 N, N - Dimethyloctadecylamine
oxide
750 Polysaccharide
752T N, N - Dinitrosopentamethy-
lene tetramine
indefinite
synonym of 654
synonym of 311
not natural
not natural
duplicate of 26S
duplicate of 26
natural, abundant substance
not natural
not natural
duplicate of 275
duplicate of 1068
duplicate of 156
duplicate of 157
duplicate of 196
indefinite
not trash
number changed to 6A9T
655S deleted, new number 654S
680 deleted, new number 680S
number changed to 707T
number changed to 708T
710 deleted
710S deleted
number changed to 712C
number changed to 717T
number changed to 719T
721 deleted
725 deleted
726 deleted
727 deleted
728 deleted
number changed to 750T
number changed to 752
-------
761 4 - Hydroxybutyric acid,
gama - lacCone
765C Chlorinated wax
769C Flavoring
772 Polyethylene polysulfide
773C Mineral wool (tile)
778 N, N - Dimethyl - cis - 9 -
octadecenamide
788C Bois D'arc
798 Latex polystyrene opacifier
800S Sodium oleyl taurine
803C Rubber
823 Asbestos fiber
828 If 2 - Dichloropropane
866S Nonylphenyl polyethylene
sulfate
869 Phenyl/trimethylsiloxane
875 Polyoxyethylene (alkyl C10-
C13) ester of phosphoric acid
monoethanolamine salt
typographical error
not natural
not natural
indefinite
indefinite
duplicate of 1005
indefinite
indefinite
typographical error
not natural
occurs on the EPA active
pesticides list
synonym of 486A
improper synonym of 866
indefinite
indefinite
corrected as follows: 761 4 -
Hydroxybutyric acid, gamma-
lac tone
number changed to 765T
number changed to 769T
number changed to 772T
number changed to 773T
778 deleted
number changed to 788T
number changed to 798T
corrected as follows: Sodium
oleoyl taurine
number changed to 803T
number changed to 823A
828 deleted, new number
468A (S)
name and number deleted
number changed to 869T
number changed to 875T
-------
887 Sodium salt of phenolic acids
905C Shampoo base
938 Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid,
N - (2 - aminoethyl) ethanol-
amine salt of
938S Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid,
2 (2 - aminoethyl) amino1
ethanol salt of
9388 N - (Aminoethyl) ethanolamine
salt of dodecylbenzenesulfonic
acid
940 Polyamide resins
943 Methylated silicones
946 Sulfonated cod oil
947 2, 6 - Dimethyl - 4 - hepta-
none
955 1 - Dodecanol, N, N - diethyl-
cyclohexylamine salt of
956 1 - Tetradecanol, N. N - di~
ethylcyclohexylamine salt of
957 Dlethyl cyclohexylamine salts
of C12 - C14 fatty alcohols
958C Nylon
959 Octadecyloxypoly (ethyleneoxy)
ethanol
indefinite
not natural
duplicate of 12S
duplicate of 12S
synonym of 12
indefinite
synonym of 311
indefinite
synonym of 480A
indefinite
indefinite
indefinite
not natural
duplicate of 116
number changed to 887T
number changed to 905T
938 deleted
938 deleted
938S deleted, new number 12S
number changed to 940T
943 deleted, new number 311S
number changed to 946T
947 deleted, new number
480A (S)
number changed to 955T
number changed to 956T
number changed to 957T
number changed to 958T
959 deleted
959S
Polyoxyethylene stearyl alcohol duplicate of 116S
959S deleted
-------
1079 Diglgcol stearate
1081C Cardboard
1083C Tacks
1118T Cocoamino - 2 - hydroxyethyl
ropyl sulfate
1134T Carrots
1144 Acrylic acid polymer
1175T A - Alkyl (C8 - CIS) -
omaga - hydroxypolyethylene
polyoxypropylene polyoxyethy-
lene (9.5 - 10 moles)
1177T Sodium laury alcohol ethoxy
sulfate
1184 Ecostyloxypoly (ethyleneoxy)
ethanol
1185 Octadecyloxypoly (ethyleneoxy)
ethanol
]186 Hexadecyloxypoly (ethyleneoxy)
ethanol
1187 Straget chain blend (14% C20,
32% C18, 51% C16) with 100
moles EO
typographical error
not natural
not natural
typographical error
natural product
duplicate of 682
typographical error
typographical error
indefinite
duplicate of 116
duplicate of 960
typographical error
corrected as follows: 1079T
Diglycol stearate
nubmer changed to 1081T
number changed to 1083T
corrected as follows: Cocoamino-
2 - hydroxyethyl propyl sulfate
number changed to 1134C
1144 deleted
corrected as follows: A - Alkyl
(C8 - C15) - omega - hydroxy-
polyethylene polyoxypropylene
polyoxyethylene (9.5 - 10 moles)
corrected as follows: Sodium
lauryl alcohol ethoxy sulfate
number changed to 1184T
1185 deleted
1186 deleted
corrected as follows: 1187
Straight chain blend (14% C20,
32% C18, 51% C16) with 100
moles EO
1189
Polyethylene, chlorinated
indefinite
number changed to 1189T
-------
964 Polyoxyethylene polyoxypro-
pylene fatcy alcohols
966S Potassium laury] sulfate
974 Methyl isoamyl ketone
979 Safflow oil
984C Pharmaceutical glaze
999A Ammonium carbonate
1002T Tinuvin P
1008C Ball powder
1026 Polyethylene oxide
1027 Mixed fatty and rosin acids
1028 Tall oil rosin
1030 Vinylbenzene vegetable oil
copolymer
1042C Polywax
]059 Ethylene glycol monobutyl
ether
1059S 2 - Butoxyethanol
1062 Cum gliatti
indefinite
synonym of 965
synonym of 973
typographical error
not natural
duplicate of 542A
definite, well known compound
not natural
synonym of 147
indefinite
component of 163
indefinite
indefinite
synonym of 406A
duplicated of 406A
typographical error
number changed to 964T
966 deleted, new number 965S
974 deleted, new number 973S
corrected as follows: 979
Safflower oil
number changed to 984T
999A deleted
number changed to 1002
number changed to 1008T
1026 deleted, new number 147S
number changed to 1027T
1028 deleted, new number 163S
number changed to 1030T
number changed to 1042T
1059 deleted, new number
406A (S)
1059S deleted
corrected as follows: 1062
Cum ghatti
1071
Tall oil fatty acids
component of 163
1071 deleted, new number 163S
-------
1079 Diglgcol stearate
1081C Cardboard
1083C Tacks
1118T Cocoamino - 2 - hydroxyethyl
ropyl sulfate
1134T Carrots
1144 Acrylic acid polymer
1175T A - Alkyl (C8 - CIS) -
omaga - hydroxypolyethylene
polyoxypropylene polyoxyethy-
lene (9.5 - 10 moles)
1177T Sodium laury alcohol ethoxy
sulfate
1184 Ecostyloxypoly (ethyleneoxy)
ethanol
1185 Octadecyloxypoly (ethyleneoxy)
ethanol
1186 Hexadecyloxypoly (ethyleneoxy)
ethanol
1187 Straget chain blend (14% C20,
32% C18, 51% C16) with 100
moles EO
typographical error
not natural
not natural
typographical error
natural product
duplicate of 682
typographical error
typographical error
indefinite
duplicate of 116
duplicate of 960
typographical error
corrected as follows: 1079T
Diglycol stearate
number changed to 1081T
number changed to 1083T
corrected as follows: Cocoamino-
2 - hydroxyethyl propyl sulfate
number changed to 1134C
1144 deleted
corrected as follows: A - Alkyl
(C8 - CIS) - omega - hydroxy-
polyethylene polyoxypropylene
polyoxyethylene (9.5 - 10 moles)
corrected as follows: Sodium
lauryl alcohol ethoxy sulfate
number changed to 1184T
1185 deleted
1186 deleted
corrected as follows: 1187
Straight chain blend (14% C20,
32% C18, 51% C16) with 100
moles EO
1189
Polyethylene, chlorinated
indefinite
number changed to 1189T
-------
synonym of I I'J )
well studied, processed n.i-
Lur.il
M'J/iS Hi - ii-i-t - hniyl
I'J'JC
I 204T I'olyesl i-r csJn from ulliy lent-- lypi>};r.ipli Ic^i I error
i;lycol, finnarli: .u:i»l .nul rosin
121 IS /I nc I yoxycl hyj cilia (/i-7() mules) synonym of I22L
01- 1 y I phenol
IJJ IT I'.ilnl
1224 Amliiool litiiiolciniinc iloilecyl-
iilllfoililLC
new number
new
I 1 9/i S ik'IcLod, niimher cli.
to 1193S
niniilicr
In I I9'J
corrected ,i.s follows: 120/i'r
I'olycaLer rc:;ln frniii eLliylenL!
f-lyr.oj, fuiii.iric ncid ;nul rosin
I2LLS »lclel.c'd, lunnlier t-.li.in^cd
Lo 12JOS
iiiiiiilicjr cli.ni|;L'il l.o
I222S
1221S
created Lo li.md k- former 't35C
created Lo h.nidlc- former 12S
J225 Tetraglyceryl oleate
new number
created to handle former 679S
-------
Appendix 2
-------
Appendix 2
Molecular Structures
1.
2.
3.
6.
25
Ca
7.
8.
H
r
-------
17.
Sfc., H*HN o
18.
19.
22.
24. C
3 No.)
25.
26.
27.
28.
SC3 M^
29.
30. C J* - ^ '
>*
So 3 M^
-------
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
'-«.
'
(C*3)l-*
CH3
-1 l4<«
CH
SO 3
SC3 Mo.
Ji-2
SO 3 No.
46. No, C.,5 -C.K-C-N -CH -
l x
53. C\\
= CVA(C
o crt3
-il- N
-------
43.
CHa
54.
55.
11 '
56.
58.
59.
60.
61.
63.
65.
66.
67.
68.
-------
69.
70.
-V
72.
CKi
73.
No-
A<-SC Bte
Mcu SALT
74.
l^4 RCS IN
76.
HA\/S M
c NE ^B
77.
78.
79.
Ccc
80.
81.
82.
-------
83.
86.
93.
108.
HO
109.
110.
112.
P2.iPYi.ENE
113.
A PECPfLSfJS
114.
115.
H OH
-------
116.
117.
118.
124. *H3 (CM^CH = dH^'M^ C Co) H (CM,
125.
126.
127.
128.
129. dc di- Wii r
-------
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
f H
CM
OF
u
7
£TMY<-£UE
142.
143.
H
(7-7,5
0 (pV*±o) n H
147.
-------
149.
150.
151.
Prt
152.
c-
\
CM
153.
155.
156.
#
N
157.
158.
nnn
166.
-------
168.
169.
170.
m-
172.
173. ^^^^^^l0 TALLOuJ
175.
176.
177.
178.
179.
-------
180.
181-
182.
iss.
184.
.-
185.
186.
-------
187.
197.
198.
199.
201.
C18H37
- n
195.
o
200. ALK.YL
"]
-------
203.
NIC 3
204.
205.
206.
207.
208.
211.
223.
236.
237.
246.
248.
261.
C
^Ao
» 05-
APPRox
-------
263.
265.
269.
270.
271.
272.
273.
274.
275.
276.
278.
291.
293.
295.
CO o i^ C-OL
s; c~
T,O
2.
3
<2H
-------
320.
325.
CK NHOMO
329.
330.
c HOH
COOH
332.
334.
337.
338.
340.
342.
Ceo
-------
343.
2.'JH
345.
COO
M
COO CHaCHCHCH2.CH2.CH3
346.
349.
I
CHOCO
353.
354.
355.
Co-
378.
379.
-------
380.
383.
402.
Kj B
-------
419.
424.
433.
HO-C
C
434.
435.
C
N
doO NH2.
440.
450.
-------
455.
OOC.
.
coo
COO
456.
\
COO
\
,
/
458.
N
N -
459.
460.
461.
0 HC W
> C6CCI
-------
462.
464.
472.
474.
475.
482.
Coo
H -CH-2.0H
465. «CWGlACM-cLoo zn
489.
V
xc-
-------
520.
524.
532.
No, Mn
533.
534.
4 Cl
FB.CM
548.
569.
H
571.
588.
595.
3
0
-------
602.
607.
H3
COO S
612.
613.
623.
625.
627.
628.
629.
631.
632.
633.
cH-2.
COO
-------
635.
637.
'2.- and 3- iSoMefc.S
640.
641.
643.
65i.
-------
652.
653.
654.
655.
656.
657.
663.
667.
668.
669.
670.
672.
676.
H
o
I
o
\
OH
-------
677.
679.
WOTSi PoSSifccY TWO 0«-£VL
680.
682.
684.
coovt
689.
690.
691.
692.
693.
Ecu SO 4
= TALLclL
-------
694.
696.
C.WOH
697.
NNCHZ-<§;
,9-cl8W37
699.
700.
702.
SO 3
703.
705.
706.
709.
710.
-------
713.
714.
715.
716.
721.
724.
£,5- H3/ CcoK
725.
726.
727.
728.
*
c
O
730.
732.
r\
-------
734.
CH.,- MK
I >CS
736.
737.
739.
740.
749.
751.
752.
K rt
M-C -N
L4, OH
H <
-------
760.
761.
762.
763.
766.
CH^-CH
770.
771.
772.
774.
775.
777.
O
^ v\
778.
779.
780.
CIS
i.)7CH^
N
COM
TALL
-------
782.
783.
789.
791.
794.
795.
796.
799.
802.
SOB.
o
R.-
Coo H
33
807.
so
o
S
SO rt
-------
809.
812.
813.
821.
826.
828.
833.
839.
842.
843.
845.
846.
= TALL f> /L FATTY ^ PS
847.
-------
848.
849.
850.
851.
853.
856.
857.
858
860.
861.
862.
864.
866.
868.
871.
CM
Cn
HO
O H
GH
-------
872.
CH -
875.
876.
880.
882.
883.
Coop.
884.
885.
886.
-------
889.
890.
893.
894.
895.
897.
898.
899.
900.
901.
902.
904.
906.
907.
SO 3
**3
I
PoH
O
0L
-------
908.
909.
wa
910.
O) O H
'OH
(260
916.
920.
923.
925.
5- CM 2. OH
-------
931.
933.
934.
935.
936.
938.
939.
941.
943.
944.
945.
947.
949.
950.
Coo-
Gu
SO a Ka.
di -vTriesters
CH3
= C Ceo
-------
951.
959.
960.
962.
963.
964.
965.
972.
973.
975.
976.
981.
-------
983.
985-
CH3
986.
989.
990.
993.
994.
998.
1000.
1001.
C2.H5
e
HC
CH-
GH -
-------
1005.
1007.
1009.
1010.
1012.
1013.
1014.
'1016.
1017.
1020.
1022.
'n
1023.
-------
1024.
1025.
1026.
1031.
H
1032.
1033.
1034.
1035.
cie
1038.
1039.
1045.
1048.
1049.
WO OCO
-------
1050.
1051.
1053.
1054.
1055.
1056.
1058.
1059.
1066.
1068.
1070.
H
O- -Y N'^N
L '',
-------
1073.
1074.
1078.
1079.
1080.
M
CCCH
1081.
1083.
1087.
1088.
1093.
1095.
\0 H2o
1098.
1101.
"
O> 1- » cl
-------
1105.
C|5H3, C
C£4 OH
lies.
HOC CCO N
14
1110.
mi.
1112.
C q H33 coo H
0140
1113.
-^
2 2.
1114.
-------
1115.
1116.
NH
1119.
1120.
1122.
cr
1123.
K
H ^M
M V?
CIA
1124.
1127.
1129.
1130.
-------
1131.
H32.
OR.
I /
CW
N
\/
1133.
1135.
use.
o
o PoH
°H
1137.
1138.
1142.
1143.
1144.
-------
1146.
1147.
V\vu - 4oo FOR POLYETHYLENE CLYCOL
USD.
iisi.
ii52.
1153.
1156.
K 3 (t H 2\ c? MCCOLM n
?O
1159.
iieo.
iiei.
NH
ii62.
ii64.
-------
1165.
1167.
1169.
1170.
OIL FATTY
OS
caroAc
-C
AeoiH
Ac° i H
H
-------
1183.
1185.
1186.
1188.
1190.
1192.
1193.
1202.
1203.
WYDRCLYZSS
TO
1207.
-------
1208.
-CM-CM - ( R
1209.
mo.
1215.
me.
i12Zp
1217.
1218.
1219.
1220.
0) ^ C H -2. C M
1221.
-------
; Appendix 3
-------
Appendix 3
Chemical Gassiflcations
Part 1: Major Gassification
ORGANICS
ACIDS
Aliphatic acids:
(Cl - CIS), 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 317, 347, 447, 472, 473,
556, 584, 721, 799, 812, 847, 937
Aliphatic acids, metallic salts, soaps:
215, 263, 295, 326, 335, 465, 496, 574, 576, 577, 626, 684,
733, 762, 763, 764, 813, 833, 849, 857, 858, 859, 900, 916,
986, 1017, 1092, 1066, 1152
Aliphatic acids, ammonium or amine salts:
475, 625, 704, 920, 998, 1190, 83, 84
Aliphatic acids, sorbitan esters; See Sugar alcohols and derivatives.
Aliphatic acids, esters:
319, 337, 356, 357, 474, 651, 705, 713, 848, 868, 950, 1048, 1105,
1110, 697, 1015
Aliphatic acids, hydroxy (salts);
865, 309, 1109
Aliphatic acids, polyethoxy, glycol and polyglycerol esters;
679, 851, 1079, 1112, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92
Aliphatic acids, anhydride:
476, 1001
Aliphatic acids, amides:
292, 583, 1005, 778, 779, 780, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121,
122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 135, 136
Aliphatic acids, chlorinated:
694, 315
Aliphatic acids, amine derivatives;
460, 602, 800
Aliphatic acids, other derivatives:
305, 324, 716, 761 954, 1094, 1098
Aliphatic acids, sulfoethyl ester, (salt):
77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82
Dicarboxylic acids, aliphatic:
395, 493, 904, 988, 1080
-------
esters - 345, 703, 1130
sulfated. salts - 633, 639, 648, 871, 883, 897, 42, 43, 44, 45
Aromatic acids and esters;
393, 572, 573, 1088, 1131
Aromatic acid amide;
781, 1041, 1126
Aromatic acid salts;
394, 899, 944, 606, 607, 608
Aromatic acid imide;
650
Phthalates;
328, 442, 742, 839, 911, 995, 1129, 1142
Naphthenic acids, salts;
970, 1076, 1065
Naphthenic acids, ester;
1132
Critic acid derivatives;
432 433, 434, 435, 612, 1109
Anthranilic acid derivative;
307
Methacrylic acid derivatives;
168, 169, 849
ALCOHOLS - HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
Aliphatic alcohols;
376, 377, 378, 380, 381, 464, 489, 490, 499, 520, 585, 586,
630, 657, 832, 838, 853, 906, 925, 933, 1023, 1047, 1063, 1100
Cyclic alcohol;
852
Poly alcohol;
860, 961, 1025, 1107, 1133
Alkoxy or Polyalkoxy (usually ethoxy) derivatives;
(alcohols, ethers) 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 154,
323, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 416, 417, 654,
894, 1059, 1127, 1150, 1185, 1186, 1215, 1216, 1217, 1218,
1219, 1220, 1221, 1222, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116
Polyethoxy - polypropoxy derivatives
149, 150, 155, 211, 1141, 1143, 1175
-------
Polyethoxy and polypropoxy compounds:
146, 147, 148, 267, 415, 527, 959, 960, 964, 985, 1026, 1141
Polyethoxy - formaldehyde resins:
137, 138, 145
Sugar alcohols (sorbitol, mannitol) and derivatives;
611, 758, 862, 930, 939, 1169, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103,
104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 1213
Sugar acids and derivatives;
342, 756, 886, 908, 909, 931, 963
Glycols, dihydroxy compounds:
525, 526,
Glycol derivative;
291
Glycerol, esters, (fats):
349, 677, 696, 711, 746, 872, 1159
Peroxide;
1193
AMINES
Amines, aliphatic and salts:
623, 628, 632, 1032, 1033, 1034, 1039, 502, 907, 945, 1075,
1111, 1116, 1085
Amine oxides:
156, 157, 196, 725, 726, 727, 728, 729, 1068
Alicyclic amine:
1137
Aromatic and cycloparaffin amines:
316, 600, 782, 822, 850, 1209
Amine - polyethoxy compounds:
170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181,
182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 884, 885
QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS
Alkyl;
530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 640, 641, 642, 643, 715, 794, 807,
993, 1035, 1099, 201, 203
-------
Pyridinium:
193
Imidazolinium;
195, 486
Other:
210, 463, 529, 730, 951, 989, 1031, 1058, 1086, 1165
IMIDAZOLINES- 1113, 1122
IMINO COMPOUNDS, BISETHOXY - 197, 198, 199, 200, 204, 208
OXAZOLINES- 191, 192
TETRAMINE DERIVATIVES - 430, 484, 752
NITRILO COMPOUNDS- 452, 843
ETHYLENE DIAMINE & TRIAMINE DERIVATIVES' 372, 451, 453, 454, 455, 456
457, 458, 459, 461, 462, 706, 743, 864, 949, 990, 1151, 814
AMINE SULFONATE - 1203
ALKYNE DERIVATIVES - 151, 152, 153
ALHEHYDES- 320, 392, 470, 471, 1077, 1161
ARSENIC COMPOUND:
419
CELLULOSE DERIVATIVE:
158
CYANURIC ACID:
591
DICYCLOPENTADIENE DERIVATIVE
167
DITHIOCARBAMATE:
1210
-------
Epoxy compounds;
229, 308, 469, 976
ETHERS
Aromatic
749, 1156, 874
Other;
1007, 1084
Polyethers;
693
Dioxymethylene compound:
601
GUANIDINE DERIVATIVE - 972
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
Chlorinated hydrocarbons, aliphatic;
214, 426, 466, 467, 468, 580, 590, 663, 672, 720, 747, 790, 828
Fluorocarbons and chlorofluorocarbons:
220, 221, 234, 835, 996, 1024
Brominated hydrocarbons;
498
Aromatic chlorine compounds:
808, 1016
Polychlorinated compounds:
427, 429, 505, 508
HETERONITROGEN - OXYGEN COMPOUND: 609
HETERO-OXYGEN COMPOUNDS - 375, 766
HYDANTOIN - 1135
-------
HYDROCARBONS
Aliphatic;
222, 223, 289, 302, 587, 588, 759, 895, 1138, 1146
Aromatic:
261, 500, 503, 1010, 1192, 597
KETONES - 441, 448, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 488, 497, 935, 947, 973
NITRILE - 1069
NITRITE - 325, 724, 777
NITRO COMPOUNDS - 449, 450, 795, 1009, 1093
PEROXIDES - 981
PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS - 271, 340, 397, 439, 440, 483, 494, 501, 506, 507,
509, 510, 518, 589, 689, 700, 744, 861, 898, 910, 1000, 1038,
1049, 1050, 1051, 1052, 1053, 1054, 1055,'1056, 1057, 1087, 1108,
1170, 637
Coumarin derivatives;
272, 595
Aromatic polyhydroxy compound;
810
PHOSPHATES & PHOSPHITES
Esters:
592, 791, 792, 856, 881, 882, 901, 902, 994, 1014, 1153, 332
Polyethoxy and polypropoxide;
667, 668, 669, 670, 757, 770, 775, 875, 893, 936, 962, 76,
72, 73
Salts:
571, 774
Nitrilophosphonate:
278
-------
POLYMERS - 166, 293, 379, 404, 682, 732, 760, 1022, 1144, 1188, 1202
PYRROLIDINES - 313, 343
SILICONES - 311, 680, 869
SULFATES & SULFONATES
Sulfates and salts;
653, 815, 965, 975, 1012, 1177, 51, 52, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60,
61, 62, 70
Sulfate, polyethoxy:
802, 866, 1115, 1119, 1124, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69
Sulfates, amine salt;
63, 676, 845
Sulfonic acids, aliphatic-and salts;
806, 842
Sulfonic acid, amine salt;
631, 889, 890, 891, 938, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18
Sulfonic acids, aromatic, and metallic salts;
2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 611, 702, 709, 710, 821, 934, 971, 1120,
21, 22, 23, 1, 20, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35,
36, 37, 38, 39
Lignin sulfonates;
47, 48, 49, 50
Sulfonamide, aromatic:
928, 941
Sulfonated aromatic ether;
581, 582
Sulfonium compound;
1101
Taurines:
53, 54, 55, 800, 842
SULFOXIDE - 796
-------
TERPENES - 425, 740
THIAZOLES - 495
THIOUREA - 718, 734, 736
UREA, UREIDES - 593, 594, 753
-------
INORGANICS
Elements Oxides Hydroxides Carbonates*
283 259 385 353
284 359 550 354
331 360 551 543
575 537 552 542
621 270 737 999
665 280 544
695 322 545
825 533 546
598 547
714 548
855 978
863 1172
Chlorides Chlorates Phosphates Sulfates
219 541 558 355
420 555 562 387
421 1212 563 386
422 424 564 388
485 565 389
554 Bromides 566 491
638 567 492
1171 423 568 517
948 977 569 578
570 656
Carbamates Flourides 613 690
768 691
1167 646 876 692
1173 836
Phosphites 1095 952
723 599
880 217
699
-------
Sulfites Borates Silicates Silicoflouride
(often
hydrated)
218 398 246 549
334 399 248
579 400 251 Azide
681 401 265
402 357 969
Thiosulfates 403 358
361
997 Chromates 536
538
Thiocyanate 521 539
522 540
1037 751 671
523 683
Nitrates &
Nitrites Manganates Aluminate
559 524 738
560 771
561 Molybdates
237
-------
Part 2: Surfactant Classification
1. ALCOHOLS: ABIETYL
144 Polyoxyethylene (16 moles) hydroabietyl alcohol
2. ALCOHOLS; ETHOXYLATED MONOHYDRIC
93 Dodecyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol
93S Polyethylene glycol dodecyl ether
116 Octadecyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol
116S Polyoxyethylene stearyl alcohol
149 Butoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)poly(propyleneoxy) propanol
149S Butoxypolyethylene polypropylene glycol
150 Polyethylene polypropylene glycol
960 Hexadecyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol
960S Polyoxyethylene cetyl alcohol
964 Polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene fatty alcohols
1127 Trimethyldecyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol
1127S Polyoxyethylene trimethyldecyl alcohol
1143 Tridecyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)poly(propyleneoxy)-2-propanol (9 moles of
EO, 3 moles of PO)
1143S Tridecyl polyoxyethylene (9) polyoxypropylene (3) propanol-2
1187 Straight chain blend(14%C20, 32%C18, 51%C16) with 100 moles EO
1215 Tridecyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (3-5 moles of EO)
1215S Polyoxyethylene (3-15 moles) tridecyl alcohol
1216 Dodecyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (4-23 moles of EO)
1216S Polyoxyethylene (4-23 moles) lauryl alcohol
1217 cis-9-Octadecenyloxy(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (20 moles of EO)
1217S Polyoxyethylene (20 moles) oleyl alcohol
1218 cis-9-Octadecenyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (2.5 moles of EO)
1218S Polyoxyethylene (2.5 moles) oleyl alcohol
1219 Hexadecyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (2.5 moles of EO)
1219S Polyoxyethylene (2.5 moles) cetyl alcohol
1220 (l-Isobutyl-3,5-dimethylhexyloxy)poly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (6 moles of EO)
1220S (Trimethylnonyloxy)poly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (6 moles of EO)
1220S Polyoxyethylene (6 moles) triinethylnonyl alcohol
-------
3. ALCOHOLS: ETHOXYLATED MONOHYDRIC, SULFATED
65 Dodecyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl sulfate, sodium salt of (3-4 moles of EO)
65S Sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene (3-4 moles) sulfate
68 Dodecyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl sulfate, ammonium salt of (6 moles of EO)
68S Ammonium dodecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (6 moles) sulfate
644 Ethoxylated linear (C12-15) sec-alcohol sulfate
802 Dodecyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl sulfate
802S Lauryl polyoxyethylene sulfate
1115 Dodecyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl sulfate, sodium salt of
1115S Sodium polyoxyethylene dodecyl alcohol sulfate
1119 Tridecyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl sulfate, sodium salt of
1119S Tridecyl polyoxyethylene sodium salt
4. ALCOHOLS; ETHOXYLATED POLYHYDRIC
140 Polyoxyethylene (3.5-30 moles) 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol
862 Polyoxyethylene sorbitol
1043 Ethoxylated sorbitan polysorbide
6. ALCOHOLS: SULFATES
56 Sodium octyl sulfate
56S Octyl sulfate, sodium salt of
58 Sodium tetradecyl sulfate
58S Tetradecyl sulfate, sodium salt of
59 Sodium cetyl sulfate
59S Hexadecyl sulfate, sodium salt of
60 Sodium heptadecyl sulfate
60S Heptadecyl sulfate, sodium salt of
61 Sodium oleyl sulfate
61S cis-9-Octadecenyl sulfate, sodium salt of
63 N,N-Diethylcyclohexylamine lauryl sulfate
63S Dodecyl sulfate, N,N-diethylcyclohexyalmine salt of
63S N,N-Diethylcyclohexylamine salt of lauryl sulfuric acid
653 Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate
845 Dodecyl sulfate, diethanolamine salt of
-------
965 Dodecyl sulfate, potassium salt of
975 2-Ethylhexyl. sulfate
1097 Sulfated mixed (CIO and up) oxoalcohols
8. ALKANOL AMIDES
117 N-(2-Hydroxypropyl)octanamide
117S Monoisopropanolamide of caprylic acid
US N-(2-Hydroxypropyl)hexanamide
118S Monoisopropanol amide of capric acid
124 Diethanolamide of oleic acid
124S N,N-bis(2-Hydroxyethyl)-cis-9-octadecenamide
125 N-(2-_2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy'ethyl)dodecanamide
126 N-(2-_2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy'ethyl)tetradecanamide
127 N-(2-_2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy'ethyl)hexadecanamide
128 N-(2-_2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy'ethyl)octadecanamlde
135 N-(2-_2-Hydroxyethoxpoly(ethyleneoxy)poly(propyleneoxy)"propyl)
octanamide (5 moles of EO) (10 moles of FO)
135S Polyoxyethylene(5 moles)polyoxypropylene_10 moles) monoisopropanolamide
of caprylic acid
990 N, N'-Ethylenebis(12-hydroxyoctadecanamide)
990S N, N'-Ethylenebis(12-hydroxystearamide)
10. ALKYL ARYL SULFONATES
6 Calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid
7 Strontium dodecylbenzene sulfonate
7S Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, strontium salt of
8 Zinc dodecylbenzene sulfonate
9 Isopropylamine dodecylbenzene sulfonate
9S Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, isopropylamina salt of
10 Butylamine dodecylbenzene sulfonate
10S Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, butylamine salt of
11 Ethylenediamine dodecylbenzene sulfonate
11S Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, ethylenediamine salt of
12 N-(2-Aminoethyl)ethanolamine dodecylbenzene sulfonate
12S Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, N-(2-aminoethyl)ethanolamine salt of
12S Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, 2-.(2-aminoethyl)amino'ethanol salt of
13 1-(Dime thylamino)-3-aminopropane dodecylbenzene sulfonate
13S Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, l-(dimethylamino)-3-aminopropane salt of
13S Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, N,N-dimethyl-l,3-propanediamine salt of
13S 3-Dimethylaminopropylamine dodecylbenzene sulfonate
14 1,3-Diaminopropane dodecylbenzene sulfonate
-------
14S Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, 1,3-diaminopropane salt of
14S Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, 1,3-propanediamine salt of
14S Propylenediamine dodecylbenzene sulfonate
17 Morpholine dodecylbenzene sulfonate
17S Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, morpholine salt of
18 tert-Dodecylamine dodecylbenzene sulfonate
18S Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, tert-dodecvlamine salt of
18S Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutylamine salt of
19 Sodium alky1(C13.5)benzene sulfonate
22 Sodium decylbenzene sulfonate
22S Decylbenzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt of
24 Sodium dodecylphenoxybenzene disulfonate
631 Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, dimethylamine salt of
631S Dimethylamine dodecylbenzenesulfonate
652 Dodecyl diphenyl ether disulfonic acid
652S Dodecyl diphenyl ether of disulfonic acid
821 Sodium n-nonyldiphenyl ether sulfonate
889 Tridecylbenzenesulfonic acid, dimethylamine salt of
890 Tridecylbenzenesulfonic acid, propylamine salt of
890S Propylamine tridecylbenzenesulfonate
891 Dimethylamine propylamine tridecylbenzenesulfonic acid
11. ALKANOL AMINES
155 tert-Alkyl(C12-13)amine (ethylene oxide)35 (propylene oxide)45
170 Hexadecylaminopoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (5 moles of EO)
171 Octadecylaminopoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (5 moles of EO)
172 cis-9-Octadecenylaminopoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (5 moles of EO)
173 Polyethylene (5 moles) tallow amine
174 Hexadecylaminopoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (20 moles of EO)
175 Octadecylaminopoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (20 moles of EO)
176 cis-9-Octadecenylaminopoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (20 moles of EO)
177 Polyoxyethylene (20 moles) tallow amine
178 cis-9-Octadecenyliminodipoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (5 moles of EO)
179 9,12-0ctadecadienyliminodipoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (5 moles of EO)
180 9,12,15-0ctadecatrienyliminodipoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (5 moles of EO)
181 Polyoxyethylene (5 moles) soybean oil amine
182 cis-9-Octadecenyliminodipoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (15 moles of EO)
183 9,12-0ctadecadienyliminodipoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (15 moles of EO)
184 9,12,15-0ctadecadienyliminodipoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (15 moles of EO)
185 Polyoxyethylene (15 moles) soybean oil amine
186 Dodecyliminodipoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (15 moles of EO)
187 Tetradecyliminodipoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (15 moles of EO)
188 Hexadecyliminodipoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (15 moles of EO)
189 Octadecyliminodipoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (15 moles of EO)
190 Polyoxyethylene (15 moles) coconut oil amines
-------
197 2,2'-Tetradecyliminodiethanol
198 2,2'-Hexadecyliminodiethanol
199 2,2'-Octadecyliminodiethanol
200 Alkyl* N, N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine *(100% C14-C18)
204 2,2'-Dodecyliminodiethanol
208 Alkyl* N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine *(100% C12-C18)
12. MONOAMINES
606 Benzole acid, N,N-dlmethyl-cis-9-octadecenylamine salt of
606S N,N-Dimethyl-cis-9-octadecenylamine benzoate
607 Benzole acid, N,N-dimethyl-cis-9,12-octadecadienylamine salt of
607S N,N-Dimethyl-cis,cis-9,12-octadecadienylamine benzoate
608 N,N-Dimethyl oleyl-linoleylamine salt of benzoic acid
625 Acetic acid, dodecylamine salt of
625S Dodecylamine acetate
1111 cis-9-Octadecenylamine
1111S Oleylamine
13. POLYAMINES
864 l-(cis-9-Octadecenylamino)-3-aminopropane
864S N-cis-9-Octadecenyl-l,3-propanediamine
949 Oleic acid ester of 2,2*2",2'"-(ethylenedinitrilo)tetraethanol
949S Oleic acid ester of tetra(hydroxyethyl)ethylene diamine
-------
14. CARBOXAMIDES
779 N,N-Dimethyl-cis,cis-9,12-octadecadienamide
780 Dimethyl amide of tall oil fatty acids
1005 N,N-Dimethyl-cis-9-octadecenamide
16. AMIDOAMINES
194 Condensation product of sorbitol epichlorohydrin and the tallow diamide
of diethylenetriamine
18. AMPHOLYTIC TYPES
460 3-_2- (_2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethyl'octadecylamino)ethoxy'propionic acid
potassium salt of
460S Potassium 3-(2-(2-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethyl octadecyl aminoethoxy propionate
-------
19. ARYL SULFONATES
1 Ammonium xylenesulfonate
IS Xylenesulfonic acid, ammonium salt of
47 Sodium lignosulfonate
47S Lignosulfonic acid, sodium sale of
48 Calcium lignosulfonate
48S Lignosulfonic acid, calcium salt
49 Magnesium lignosulfonate
49S Lignosulfonic acid, magnesium salt
50 Ammonium lignosulfonate
SOS Lignosulfonic acid, ammonium salt
21. CYCLIC ETHERS: ETHOXYLATED ALKYLPHENOLS
112 Dodecylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (6-12 moles of EO)
112S Polyoxyethylene (6-12 moles) dodecylphenol
113 Dinonylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (2-50 moles of EO)
113S Polyoxyethylene (2-50 moles) dinonylphenol
114 Nonylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)poly(propyleneoxy)propanol
(35 to 40 moles of EO)(22 to 35 moles of PO)
114S Polyoxyethylene (35-40 moles) polyoxypropylene (22-35 moles) nonylphenol
115 Di-sec-butylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)poly(propyleneoxy)propanol
(5-12 moles of EO)(4 moles of PO)
115S Polyoxyethylene (5-12 moles) polyoxypropylene (4 moles) di-sec-butylphenol
137 Polyoxyethylene(10 moles) amylphenol-formaldehyde resin (mol.wt.1500-3000)
141 Polyoxyethylene (12 moles) methylenebis(octylphenol)
142 Polyoxyethylene (18 moles) methylenebis(diamylphenol)
143 Polyoxyethylene (7-7.5 moles) isopropylidenediphenol
145 Polyoxyethylene p-tert-butylphenol-formaldehyde resin
654 Octadecylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol
654S Polyoxyethylene octadecyl phenol
894 Benzyl ether of octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol
1221 Octylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (4-70 moles of EO)
1221S Polyoxyethylene (4-70 moles) octylphenol
-------
22. CYCLIC ETHERS, ALKYL PHENOLS, ETHOXYLATED SULFATES & SULFONATES
66 Nonylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl sulfate, sodium salt of (4-5 moles of EO)
66S Sodium nonylphenyl polyoxyethylene (4-5 moles) sulfate
67 Nonylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl sulfate, ammonium salt of
(4-5 moles of EO)
67S Ammonium nonylphenyl polyoxyethylene (4-5 moles) sulfate
69 Nonylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl sulfate, triethanolamine salt of
(6 moles of EO)
69S Triethanolamine salt of nonylphenyl polyoxyethylene (6 moles) sulfurlc acid
866 Nonylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl sulfate
24. FATTY ACIDS: ETHOXYLATED
87 Polyoxyethylene (15-200 moles) castor oil
88 Polyoxyethylene tall oil (mol. wt. 700-5000)
89 Polyoxyethylene oleate (mol. wt. 400-1000)
90 Polyoxyethylene stearate (mol wt. 600-2000)
91 Polyoxyethylene soybean oil fatty acid ester (mol. wt. 850)
92 Polyoxyethylene monolaurate (mol. wt. 780)
679 Oleic acid, 2-(2-_2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy'ethoxy)ethyl ester of
679S Tetraglycerol oleate
846 Polyethylene glycol tallate
851 Polyoxyethylene dioleate
1147 Polyethylene glycol 400 monolaurate
1214 Polyoxyethylene (25 moles) glycerol tall oil ester
25. FATTY ACIDS7 RESIN AND TALL OIL
74 Abietic acids, sodium salts of
745 Sodium salt of rosin
75 Sodium salt of hydrocarbon insoluble fraction of rosin
-------
273 Laurie acid
916 Linoleic acid
1098 Laurie acid, diethanolamine salt of
1098S Diethanolamine laurate
1155 Potassium salt of wood rosin acids
1190 Stearic acid, triethanolamine salt of
1190S Triethanolamine stearate
26. FATTY ACIDS: SOAPS
658 Sodium tallow soap
684 Stearic acid, potassium salt of
684S Potassium stearate
813 Ricinoleic acid, sodium salt of
813S Sodium ricinoleate
833 Octanoic acid, aluminum salt of
833S Aluminum octanoate
857 Laurie acid, barium salt of
857S Barium laurate
858 Laurie acid, cadmium salt of
858S Cadmium laurate
859 Barium-cadmium laurate
900 Octanoic acid, zinc salt of
900S Zinc octoate
998 Stearic acid, ammonium salt of
998S Ammonium stearate
1017 Octanoic acid, zirconium salt of
1017S Zirconium octanoate
-------
28. FATTY ACID ESTERS: GLYCEROL
96 Polyglyceryl phthalate ester of coconut oil fatty acid (mol. wt. 1000-3000)
677 Glyceryl monooleate
677S Oleic acid, glyceryl ester of
696 Glyceryl monostearate
696S Stearic acid, glyceryl ester of
711 Glyceryl monoricinoleate
711S Ricinoleic acid, glyceryl ester of
872 Glyceryl tris(12-hydroxystearate)
872S 12-Hydroxyoctadecanoic acid, glyceryl ester of
903 Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono and diglycerides of edible fats
29. FATTY ACID ESTERS: GLYCOL
834 Propylene glycol tall oil ester
30. FATTY ACID ESTERS: OTHERS
106 Mannitan coconut oil ester
693 2,2-bis(Hydroxymethyl)-l,3-propanediol, tall oil ester of
693S Pentaerythritol ester of tall oil
705 Stearic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl ester of
7055 Ethylene glycol monostearate
1015 Methyl tallate
1105 Palmitic acid, methyl ester of
1105S Methyl palmitate
-------
1110 Stearic acid, methyl ester of
1110S Methyl stearate
31. FLUORINATED COMPOUNDS
928 N-Ethyl-N-(heptadecafluorooctylsulfonyl)glycine, potassium salt of
928S Potassium salt of N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidQ acetic acid
928S N-Ethyl-N-_(l,l,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptadecafluorooctyl)-
sulfonyl"glycine, potassium salt of
32. HETEKOCYCLIC TYPE PRODUCTS: IMIDAZOLINE ETC.
191 2-(8-Heptadecenyl)-4-methyl-2-oxazoline-4-methanol
191S 2-Heptadecenyl-4-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methyl-2-oxazoline
36. NAPHTHALENE AND ALKYL NAPHTHALENE SULFONATES
2 Sodium dodecylnaphthalene sulfonate
2S Dodecylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt of
25 Sodium diisopropylnaphthalene sulfonate
25S Diisopropylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt of
26 Sodium triisopropylnaphthalene sulfonate
26S Triisopropylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt of
-------
27 Sodium isopropylnaphthalene sulfonate (2-3 isopropyl groups)
29 Sodium dibutylnaphthalene sulfonate
29S Dibutylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt of
30 Sodium isobutylnaphthalene sulfonate
305 Isobutylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt of
31 Sodium diisobutylnaphthalene sulfonate
31S Diisobutylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt of
32 Sodium butylnaphthalene sulfonate (1-2 butyl or isobutyl groups)
33 Sodium methylnaphthalene sulfonate
33S Methylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt of
34 Sodium dimethylnaphthalene sulfonate
34S Dimethylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt of
35 Sodium trimethylnaphthalene sulfonate
35S Trimethylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt of
36 Sodium methylnaphthalene sulfonate (1-3 methyl groups)
37 Sodium nonylmethylnaphthalene sulfonate
37S Nonylmethylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt of
38 Isopropylamine methylnaphthalene sulfonate
38S Methylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, isopropylamine salt of
702 Sodium isopropyl isobutyl naphthalene sulfonate
38. OILS AND FATTY ACIDS: SULFATES AND SULFONATES
70 Sulfonated oleic acid, butyl ester, sodium salt of
70S 9-Hydroxyoctadecanoic acid, butyl ester, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt of
70S Sodium salt of sulfated butyl oleate
77 Laurie acid, 2-sulfoethyl ester, sodium salt of
77S Isethionic acid, laurate, sodium salt of
78 Myristic acid, 2-sulfoethyl ester, sodium salt of
78S Isethionic acid, rayr1state, sodium salt of
79 Palmitic acid, 2-sulfoethyl ester, sodium salt of
79S Isethionic acid, palmitate, sodium salt of
80 Stearic acid, 2-sulfoethyl ester, sodium salt of
SOS Isethionic acid, stearate, sodium salt of
-------
81 Sodium isethionate, coconut fatty acid ester
81S Isethionic acid, coconut fatty acid ester ,sodium salt of
82 Oleic acid, 2-sulfoethyl ester, sodium salt of
82S Sodium isethionate, oleic acid ester
82S Isethionic acid, oleate, sodium salt of
40. PETROLEUM SULFONATES
41 Calcium petroleum sulfonate
41S Petroleumsulfonic acid, calcium salt of
41S Calcium salt of petroleum sulfonic acid
41. PHOSPHATE: ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES
72 Nonylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl phosphate
72S Nonylphenyl polyoxyethylene (9-10) phosphoric acid
73 Nonylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl phosphate, sodium salt of (6 moles of EO)
73S Sodium nonylphenyl POE (6) phosphate
76 Tridecyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl phosphate
76S Tridecyl polyoxyethylene phosphoric acid
667 Decyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl phosphate
668 Tetradecyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl phosphate
669 Dodecyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl phosphate
670 Polyoxyethylene alkyl(C10-C14)ester of phosphoric acid
893 4-(l,l-Dimethylethyl)phenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl phosphate
893S p-tert-Butylphenoxypolyethoxy ethyl phosphate
936 Butylpolyethoxyethanol esters of phosphoric acid
962 Dodecyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl phosphate, ammonium salt of
962S Ammonium dodecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene phosphate
1114 Octyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl phosphate
1114S Polyoxyethylene octyl ester of phosphoric acid
-------
1136 2-_2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethoxy"ethyl phosphate
1136S Butoxytriethylene glycol phosphate
1179 4-Nonylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl phosphate, magnesium salt of
1179S A-(p-Nonylphenyl)-W-hydroxypolyoxyethylene, mixture of mono and di
hydrogen phosphate esters, magnesium salt
45. PHOSPHATE: ETHER ETHOXYLATES
770 Nonylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl phosphate
770S Ethoxylated nonylphenol phosphate acid ester
775 Polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene phosphate
46. POLYHYDROXY NONIONICS
151 2,4,7,9-Tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol
152 3,6-Dimethyl-4-octyne-3,6-diol
908 n-Octyl glucoside
909 n-Decyl glucoside
-------
51. QUATERNARY SURFACTANTS
201 Dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium chloride
201S Distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride
533 Dihydrogenated callow hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium chloride
534 Ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride
640 Dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium methosulfate
641 Dimethyl ditetradecyl ammonium methosulfate
642 Dihexadecyl dimethyl ammonium methosulfate
643 Dihydrogenated tallow dimethyl ammonium methosulfate
715 2-(2-Carboxyethoxy)ethyl 2-hydroxyethyl methyl octadecyl ammonium methyl
sulfate, potassium salt of
730 l-Methyl-l-alkylamidoethyl-2-alkyl-imidazolinimethosulfate alkyl = 30%
palmitic, 70% stearic
951 Dimethyl octadecyl benzyl ammonium chloride
53. SORBITAN ESTERS
100 Sorbitan coconut oil ester
101 Polyoxyethylene (6-20 moles) sorbitan mono tall oil ester
108 Polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate
109 Polyoxyethylene sorbitol tetraoleate
110 Polyoxyethylene (40 moles) sorbitol penta tall oil ester
758 Sorbitan trioleate
930 Sorbitan sesquioleate
1004 Sorbide dioleate
1213 Polyoxyethylene (40 moles) sorbitol hexa tall oil ester
-------
54. SUCCINATES: SULFO DERIVATIVES
43 Sodium dinonyl sulfosuccinate
46 Tetrasodium N-(l,2-dicarboxyethyl)-N-octadecyl sulfosuccinamate sodium
lignosulfonate
639 Sulfosuccinic acid, ditridecyl ester, sodium salt of
639S Sodium dicridecyl sulfosuccinate
55. TAURATES AND AMIDE SULFATES
800 N-Oleoyltaurine, sodium salt of
800S Sodium oleoyl taurine
53 Sodium N-oleoyl-N-methyltaurine
53S N-Methyl-N-oleoyltaurine, sodium salt of
54 Sodium-N-palmitoyl-N-methyltaurine
54S N-Methyl-N-palmitoyltaurlne, sodium salt of
55 Sodium-N-lauroyl-N-methyltaurine
55S N-Lauroyl-N-methyltaurine, sodium salt of
56. TERTIARY AMINE OXIDES
156 N,N-Dimethyltetradecylamine oxide
156S Myristyl dimethylamine oxide
157 N,N-Dimethylhexadecylamine oxide
157S Cetyl dimethylamine oxide
196 N,N-Dimethyloctadecylamine oxide
196S Stearyl dimethylamine oxide
729 Dimethylcocoamine oxide
1068 N,N-Dimethyldodecylamine oxide
1068S Lauryl dimethylamine oxide
-------
57. THIO AND MERCAPTO DERIVATIVES
139 Dodecylthiopoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (8-12 moles of EO)
139S Polyoxyethylene (8-12 moles) dodecylmercaptan
58. VINYL AND OTHER POLYMERIC RESINS, SMA, ETC.
85 Sodium salt of a copolymer of maleic anhydride and diisobutylene
154 Copolymer of castor oil, maleic anhydride, and polyethylene glycol 600
732 Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate polymer
732S Lauryl methacrylate polymer
1208 Maleic anhydride methyl vinyl ether copolymer
-------
Appendix 4
-------
Appendix 4
Sample Data Collection Formats
"INERT INGREDIENTS OF PESTICIDE FORMULATIONS" Format
(FORMAT FOR IDENTIFICATION AND TOXICOLOGICAL APPRAISAL) I
A. EPA Accession Number and Name;
001069 Acetonitrile
B. American Chemical Society Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Name and
Registry Number
Acetonitrile
75-05-8
C. Other Names
(S): Cyanomethane; Ethanenitrile; Ethyl nitrile; Methane, cyano-;
Methanecarbonitrile; Methyl cyanide
D. Chemical Composition
CH3-CN
(MW) 41.03
E. EPA Chemical Code
F. Molecular Structure
CH3-C5N
G. Chemical and Physical Properties (^,2)
1. solubility - miscible with water, methanol, methyl acetate, ethyl
acetate, acetone, ether, acetamide solutions, chloroform, carbon
tetrachloride, ethylene chloride and many unsaturated hydrocarbons;
immiscible with many saturated hydrocarbons
2. specific gravity (or density) - (d) 15/4: 0.78745 (d) 30/4: 0.77138
3. state, color, odor, etc. - liquid ether-like odor
4. MP, BP, VP - (MP) -45° (BP) 760: 81.6"
5. corrosiveness
6. technical products & impurities
7. stability
-------
-2-
H. Use as an Inert - solvent for blended emulsifiers in all pesticides
used before crop emerges from soil and in herbicides before or after
crop emerges (6)
I. Other Uses Active? Yes ( ) No (X)
in organic synthesis; to remove tars, phenols and coloring matter from
petroleum hydrocarbons; as a solvent (2)
J. Government Regulations
1. FDA
2. EPA - 40 CFR 180.1001 - Residues exempt from the requirement of a
tolerance when used in accordance with good agricultural practice as
an inert ingredient in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops
only. Acetonitrile may not comprise more than 0.5% of a pesticide
formulation. (6.)
3. OSHA - 29 CFR 1910.1000 - U.S. Occupational Standard: 40 ppm or
80 mg/m3 on an eight-hour time weighted average (TWA) . (7.)
4. NIOSH
5. DOT - 49 CFR 172.101 - Hazard class: Flammable liquid
Label: Flammable liquid (15_)
6. Other Federal - ACGIH - TLV 40 ppm or 70 mg/m3 on an eight-hour
time weighted average (TWA) (5)
7. State, County
8. Foreign Countries
K. Manufacturer(s) - Conray Products Co.; Eastman Chemical Products, Inc.;
Lonza, Inc.; Vistron Corp. (4_)
-------
-3-
L. Environment
1. Effect - Acetonitrile (1000 mg/1) added to the aquatic environment of
fish disrupted blood circulation and protein metabolism and induced
hyperemia, hemorrhages, and the appearance of small granules in the
heart, brain, liver and gills of the fish. Death apparently resulted
from circulatory changes and necrobiotic changes in the cerebral
neurons. (14)
2. Conversion Products (Metabolites, Degradation Products)
3. Fate - The breakdown of acetonitrile by a crude bacterial extract was
a two-step enzymatic hydrolysis with acetamide as the intermediate and
acetic acid and ammonia as the final products. (8)
4. Persistence
5. Bioaccumulation
M. Toxicology
1. Human effects
a. Occupational Studies
b. Epidemiology
c. Metabolic Effects Studies
d. Poisoning Incidents and Case Studies - A 19 year-old laboratory
worker died after using acetonitrile and boiling water to clean
a floor. Four hours after exposure to the vapors, he began to
feel sick and vomited during the night. The next morning he was
confused and later comatose, interrupted by convulsions. He died
several days later. Autopsy showed HCN in liver, kidneys, spleen,
heart, and lungs (13)
e. Others
-------
-4-
2. Non-Human Mammalian Effects
a. Acute toxicity - Oral, LD50: rat, 3800 tng/kg; Inhalation,
LC50: rat, 8000 ppm/4hr; Intraperitoneal, LD50: mouse, 1920
mg/kg; Subcutaneous, LDLo: mouse, 700 mg/kg (3)
Rats exposed to air containing 25,000 ppm acetonitrile showed
severe dyspnea and cyanosis and died within 30 minutes. Rats
exposed to 2800 ppm/day showed dyspnea, anuria and diarrhea.
After five exposures, the autopsy showed the largest concentration
of unchanged acetonitrile in the kidney, liver, intestine,
muscle, testes, and heart. Free HCN was evenly distributed
throughout the body. (10)
b. Pharmacology - Intraperitoneal administration of acetonitrile
at 50 mg, 28 times during six weeks produced effects similar
to those of potassium cyanide. (11)
c. Absorption/Excretion
d. Metabolism - About 5% of administered acetonitrile was converted
in rats to HCN when administered intraperitoneally at 50 mg/day,
5 days/week for 10 weeks. (12)
e. Subacute - Rats received daily intraperitoneal doses of aceto-
nitrile of 50 mg/day, 5 days/week for 10 weeks. There was no
diminution in diuresis. There was diminished growth in the
treated rats as compared to the controls. At the autopsy, the
most free HCN was found in the spleen, heart and brain. Aceto-
nitrile was probably degraded to HCN rather slowly, otherwise
the repeated injections would have been fatal. (9_)
f. Sensitization
g. Teratology
h. Mutagenicity
1. Carcinogenicity
j. Other Chronic Effects (Both Reversible and Irreversible)
k. Behavioral Effects
1. Synergism
m. Other
-------
-5-
N. Recommendation: Class 2
The unrestricted use of this material as an inert ingredient in pesticide
formulations should be discontinued because of its immediate hazard to
the health of animals and man. The use of appropriate low levels may be
nonhazardous, depending upon the specific use of each individual formulation.
0.
Sources used in Search
P.
1. On Line Data Bases
a.
b.
c.
d.
Toxline
Medline
Chemline
Other
2. Major References
a
b
c
d
e
The Merck Index
NIOSH Registry of Toxic Substances
Chemical Abstracts
Biological Abstracts
Other
References and Review Articles
( ) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Acceptable Common Names and Chemical
, Office of Pesticide Programs,
Names for the Ingredient Statement
on Pesticide Labels, U.S. G.P.O., Washington, D.C.: 1975.
Chemical Rubber Publishing Co., Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,
57th Ed., Cleveland, Ohio: 1976-1977.
( ) Condensed Chemical Oictionary, 8th Ed., Van Nostrand-Rheinhold Co.,
New York: 1971.
(2) Merck and Co., The Merck Index, 9th Ed., Rahway, N.J.: 1976.
(3) National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Registry of
Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances, U.S. G.P.O., Washington,
D.C.: 1976.
( ) Association of American Pesticide Control Officials, Inc., Pesticide
Chemical Official Compendium, Topeka, Ks.
( ) Farm Chemicals Handbook, Meister Publishing Co., Willoughby, Ohio: 1975.
( ) McCutcheons Detergents and Emulsifiers, Allured Publishing Co.,
Ridgewood, N.J.: 1973.
( ) U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health, Education &
Welfare, GRAS Monograph Series.
( ) World Health Organization, IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of
Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man, Geneva.
-------
-6-
P. References and Review Articles (cont.)
(4_) Oil, Paint and Drug Reporter, OPD Chemical Buyers Directory, Schnell
Publishing Co., New York: 1974.
(5) American Conference of Governmental and Industrial Hygienists, TLVs-
Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents
in the Workroom Environment, Cincinnati, Ohio: 1975.
(6) U.S. E.P.A., Code of Federal Regulations; 40, part 180.1001,
Washington, D.C.: 1976.
(T) U.S. O.S.H.A., Code of Federal Regulations; 29, part 1910.1000,
Washington, D.C.: 1976.
(8J Digeronimo, M.J. and A.D. Antoine, Metabolism of acetonitrile and
propionitrile by Nocardia rhodochrous LL100-21, Appl. Environ.
Microbiol.; .31(6), pp 900-906, 1976.
(9_) Haguenoer, J.M.; J. Dequidt; M.C. Jacquemont, Experimental aceto-
nitrile intoxications: III. medium long-term effects of repeated
intraperitoneal injections, Eur. J. Toxicol. Environ. Hyg.; 8/2),
pp 107,112, 1975.
(10) Haguenoer, J.M.; J. Dequidt; J.C. Jacquemont, Experimental aceto-
nitrile intoxications: II. Acute intoxications by the pulmonary
route, Eur. J. Environ. Hyg.; 8.(2), pp 102-106, 1975.
(11) Haguenoer, J.M. et al, Experimental acetonitrile intoxication.
4. Effect of hydroxocobalamin on chronic intoxication, Eur. J.
Toxicol. Environ. Hyg.; 8.(2), pp 113-121, 1975.
(12) Haguenoer, J.M.; J. Dequidt; M.C. Jacquemont, Experimental aceto-
nitrile intoxication. 3. Chronic intoxication by repeated intra-
peritoneal injections, Eur. J. Toxicol. Environ. Hyg. ; 8.(2) , pp 107-
112, 1975.
(13) Dequidt, J. et al, Intoxication with acetronitrile with a report
on a fatal case, Eur. J. Toxicol. Environ. Hyg.; 7/2), pp 91-97,
1974.
(14) Belousov, Y.A., Morphological changes in some fish organs during
poisoning, Vliyannie Pestits. Dikikh Zhivotn.; pp 41-45, 1972.
(15) U.S. D.O.T., Code of Federal Regulations; 49, part 172.101,
Washington, D.C.: 1976.
-------
"INERT INGREDIENTS OF PESTICIDE FORMULATIONS" Format
(FORMAT FOR IDENTIFICATION AND TOXICOLOGICAL APPRAISAL) II
A. EPA Accession Number and Name;
000358C Fertilizer
B. Description
C. Use as an Inert
D. Problems Encountered
000358C Fertilizer
The occcurrence of this "C" substance in nature is doubtful;
number changed to 358T.
000358 Soapstone.
000358S Magnesium silicate, hydrate
000361 Talc
358 and 358S are synonyms of 361; 358 and 358S have both
been deleted and changed to 361S.
E. Recommendation; Class 6
000358T is an indefinite compound. We are unable to write a chemical
formula or to find information in the literature.
F. Sources Used in Search
1. On Line Data Bases
a.
b.
c.
Toxline
Medline
Chemline
2. Major References
a. The Merck Index
b. NIOSH Registry of Toxic Substances
c. Chemical Abstracts
d. Biological Abstracts
-------
"INERT INGREDIENTS OF PESTICIDE FORMULATIONS" Format
(FORMAT FOR IDENTIFICATION AND TOXICOLOGICAL APPRAISAL) III
A. EPA Accession Number and Name
001000 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid, propyl ester of
B. American Chemical Society Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Name and
Registry Number
Benzole acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-, propyl ester
121-79-9
C. Other Names
(EPA S): Gallic acid, propyl ester of; Propyl gallate
(S): n-Propyl gallate; Propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate; n-Propyl
3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
(T): Nipa 49; Nipagallin P; Progallin P; Tenox PG
D. Chemical Composition
C10-H12-05
(MW) 212.20
E. EPA Chemical Code
F. Molecular Structure
G. Chemical and Physical Properties (2_,6)
1. solubility - 0.35g/100ml water 25°; freely soluble in alcohol and
ether
2. specific gravity (or density)
3. state, color, odor, etc. - fine white to nearly white odorless
powder with a slightly bitter taste
4. MP, BP, VP - (MP) 148°
5. corrosiveness
6. technical products & impurities - Chemical grade: must be between
98%-102% purity, melting point must be 146°-1488; 3 ppm Arsenic max.;
10 ppm heavy metals max.; 0.5% drying loss max. (6)
7. stability - darkens in the presence of iron or iron salts; decomposes
when heated
-------
-2-
H. Use as an Inert - antioxidant (4)
I. Other Uses
Active? Yes ( ) No (X)
antioxidant for foods, fats, oils, ethers, emulsions, waxes, transformer
oils (2.)
J.
Government Regulations - EPA 40 CFR 180.1001 - Residues exempted from the
requirement of a tolerance when used in accordance with good agricultural
practice as an inert ingredient in pesticide formulations applied to grow-
ing crops, raw agricultural commodities after harvest, or animals.
FDA 21 CFR 121.101 - Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) when used as a
chemical preservative. The total content of the antioxidants should not
exceed 0.02% of the total fat or oil content of the food. (.5)
K. Manuf ac tur er ( s ) - Eastman Chemical Products; Harshaw Chemical Co. (1
L. Environment
M. Toxicology - Oral LD50: rat, 2.5-4.0 g/kg; cat, 400 mg/kg
Oral LDLo: mouse, 1600 mg/kg; rat, 500 mg/kg U,3.)
Studies in rats show that the major metabolites are gallic acid and
4-0-methyl gallic acid. (6) Rats and mice fed 1/10 and 1/5 of their
respective LD50 values showed reduced growth rates and reduced activities
of blood catalase, peroxidase and cholinesterase. (_7) The lower weight
gains and reduced development were confirmed in several other feeding
studies. (6) In long term studies of up to 2 years on dogs and guinea
pigs, no adverse changes were noted in gross appearance, growth, repro-
duction, hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, renal function and
internal organs. The authors concluded that FG caused no detectable
toxic effects even in quantities a hundred times greater than needed to
serve as an effective antioxidant. (8) A 20% solution of PG caused
microinvasion of the epidermis in guinea pigs. (9)
N. Recommendation; Class 4
When used as an inert ingredient in pesticide formulations, Propyl gallate
poses no hazard to the health of animals or man. No additional toxico-
logical investigations are indicated.
0.
Sources Used In Search:
1.
On Line Data Bases
a.
b.
c.
Toxline
Medline
Chemline
2. Major References
a. The Merck Index
b. NIOSH Registry of Toxic Substances
c. Chemical Abstracts
d. Biological Abstracts
-------
-3-
P. References & Review Articles
(1) Oil, Paint and Drug Reporter, OPD Chemical Buyers Directory,
Schnell Publishing Co., New York: 1974.
(2) Merck and Co., The Merck Index, Rahway, N.J.: 1976.
(3) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Registry
of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. Washington, D.C.: 1975.
(4J U.S. E.P.A., Code of Federal Regulations; 40. part 180.1001,
Washington, D.C.: 1976.
(5) U.S. F.D.A., Code of Federal Regulations; 21, part 121.101,
Washington, D.C.: 1976.
(6) U.S. F.D.A., GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) Food Ingredients -
Propyl Gallate. Washington, D.C.: 1972.
(7_) Karplyuk, I.A., Toxicologic characteristics of phenolic antioxidants
of edible fats, Voprosy Pitaniya; 18_(4), pp 24-29, 1959.
(8) Orlen, J.M., et al, Studies on the toxicity of propyl gallate and
of antioxidant mixtures containing propyl gallate, Food Technology;
2.(4), pp 308-316, 1948.
(9_) Riley P.A. and P. Seal, Role of substituted anisoles in epidermal
microinvasion, Journal of Pathology; 114(1), pp 1-7, 1974.
-------
"INERT INGREDIENTS OF PESTICIDE FORMULATIONS" Format
SURFACE ACTIVE AGENT EVALUATION FORM IV
A. EPA Accession Number and Name
000802 Dodecyloxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethyl sulfate
B. American Chemical Society Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Name and Registry
Number
55172-07-1
Poly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl), alpha-((dodecyloxy)sulfonyl)-oraega-hydroxy-
C. Other Names
(EPA S): Lauryl polyoxyethylene sulfate
(S): Polyethylene glycol lauryl sulfate
D. Chemical Composition
(C2-H4-0)n C12-H26-04-S
E. Molecular Structure
C12-H23-0-(CH2-CH2-0)n CH2-CH2-OS03H
F. Surfactant Class
Alcohols: Ethoxylated monohydric, sulfated
G. Physical Data
1. Trade name, equivalent chemical name, manufacturer, state, product
concentration, H.L.B.
2. Solubility
3. Ionic Character - anionic
4. Other physical data - In 1973 10 million pounds of ethoxylated sulfated
salts of lauryl alcohol were produced. (2^
-------
-2-
H. Usage
1. In pesticidal formulations - surfactant; related adjuvant of
surfactants (1)
2. General
I. Government Regulations - EPA 40 CFR 180.1001 - Exempt from the requirement
of a tolerance when used in accordance with good agricultural practice as an
inert ingredient in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops or raw
agricultural commodities after harvest. (_!)
J. Environment - Lauryl polyoxyethylene (3 moles) sulfate was found to degrade
100% in a 7-day die away test. (2) In an activated sludge test, lauryl
polyoxyethylene (4 moles) sulfate was degraded 98%-100% in a single 24-hour
cycle (2_) The title compound with 2.6 moles of EO had a 6-hour LC50 to
goldfish of 55.0 mg/1. Biodegradation is slower with increased degree of
ethoxylation. (2)
Alcohol ethoxy sulfates are readily biodegraded under both aerobic and
anaerobic conditions. Within the range utilized in detergent formulations,
neither the length of the alkyl chain nor the number of oxyethylene units in
the molecule appear to significantly affect the rate of biodegradation. Alcohol
ethoxy sulfates appear to be readily degraded to C02 and H20. (2)
-------
-3-
K. Toxicology - Unsulfated polyoxyethylene lauryl alcohol had an oral LD50 of
3300 mg/kg when administered to mice. (4) No adverse effects were found in
rats fed 0.5% Lauryl polyoxyethylene (3 moles) sulfate for two years. (2)
This class of surfactants exhibits a low order of oral and dermal toxicity
in test animals. However, in the undiluted form, the members of this class
are moderate to severe dermal irritants and positive eye irritants in rabbits.
Excessive dermal exposure to concentrations greater than 1% - 2% should be
avoided.
Chronic oral exposure of rats to members of this class of surfactants at
0.5% for two years produced no deleterious effects. No evidence of carcino-
genic! ty was found in chronic oral or cutaneous exposure to alcohol ethoxy
sulfates. No teratogenic or other reproductive effects were found in animal
studies. No mutagenic effects were found in in vitro or host-mediated mutagensis
tests. (2)
L. Recommendation; Class 3
Group 3 Alcohols: Ethoxylated Monohydric, Sulfated
This group of surfactants is essentially nonionic excepting for the sulfate
esters and exhibits a low order of biological activity. It is degraded in
biological systems at a moderate rate. Members of this group generally
exhibit a low order of skin and mucous membrane irritancy. The sulfate esters
are not easily absorbed.
As an inert ingredient in pesticide formulations, a member of this group poses
no serious hazard to the health of animals or man.
-------
-4-
M. Bibliography
(1) U.S. E.P.A. , Code of Federal Regulations; 40, part 180.1001, Washington,
D.C.: 1976.
Human Safety Factors and Environmental Aspects of Major Surfactants, The
Soap and Detergent Association, New York: 1977.
Swisher, R.D., Surfactant Biodegradation; Surfactant Science Series;
Vol, 3, Marcel Dekker, Publishing Co., New York: 1970.
(4) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Registry of Toxic
Effects of Chemical Substances, Washington, D.C.: 1976.
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Appendix 5
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POTOMAC RESEARCH. INCORPORATED
7355 QUO SPRINGHOUSE ROAD
WESTSATE RESEARCH PARK
MCi-EAN. VIRGINIA 221O1
7O3 79O-53S3
July 20, 1977
Appendix 5
Form Letter to Manufacturers
Attention: Technical Sales
Dear Sir:
For the past nine months we have been under contract to the Environmental
Protection Agency to classify inert ingredients in pesticide formulations. The
purpose of this study is to provide a thorough review of these substances and
to establish a central data base for all inerts.
We are in the final stages of this project and are currently working on
the last group of compounds - 250 surface active agents. Since there is little
data available on the chemistry, toxicity or safety of these compounds in the
general literature, it is necessary for us to appeal directly to the manufact-
urers for information.
It would be very helpful and greatly appreciated if your organization
could send a complete listing of the surface active agents that you manu-
facture and all technical literature availaole on the compounds. Please send
any other chemical, toxicological or safety related information that you may
have in addition to your technical literature.
If you have no information on your products, please send us a complete
list of the surface-active agents that you produce.
As this is a short-term contract, your prompt attention to this matter
will help immensely. Please feel free to contact us if you have any questions
or require further information.
Thank you for your help and cooperation in this matter.
Very truly yours,
.1.
Stephen E. Noren
Project Manager
SENiklb
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Appendix 6
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Appendix 6
List of Manufacturers Contacted
Aceto Chemical Co., Inc.
126-02 Northern Blvd.
Flushing, N.Y. 11368
Ajinomoto U.S.A., Inc.
745 Fifth Ave.
New York, N.Y. 10022
Alconox Inc.
215 Park Ave, So.
New York, N.Y. 10003
Allied Colloids Inc.
One Robinson Lane
Ridgewood, N.J. 07450
Amerchol, a unit of
CPC International Inc.
Talmadge Road
Edison, N.J. 08902
American Color & Chemical Corp.
11400 Westinghouse Blvd.
Charlotte, N.C. 29210
American Cyanamid Co.
Organic Chemicals Div.
Dyes and Chemicals Dept.
Bound Brook, N.J. 08805
American Lecithin Co. Inc.
32-34 61st Street
Woodside, L.I., N.Y. 11377
Ardmore Chemical Co.
840 Valley Brook Ave.
Lyndhurst, N.J. 07071
Arkansas Co., Inc.
185 Foundry St.
P.O. Box 210
Newark, N.J. 07101
Armour Dial Co.
Industrial Sales
2000 Aucutt Rd.
Montgomery, IL 60638
Air Products and Chemicals Inc.
Allentown, Pa. 18105
Alcolac Inc.
3440 Fairfield Rd.
Baltimore, Md. 21226
Alkaril Chemicals Ltd.
3256 Wolfedale Road
Mississauga, Ont., Canada
Alox Corp.
Buffalo Ave. & Iroquios St.
P.O. Box 517
Niagara Falls, N.Y. 14302
American Can Co.
Chemical Products Dept.
American Lane
Greenwich, Conn. 06830
American Cyanamid Co.
Industrial Chemicals and Plastics Div.
Berdan Ave.
Wayne, N.J. 07470
American Hoechst Corp.
Dyes & Pigments Div.
Rt. 202-206 North
Somerville, N.J. 08876
ARCO Chemical Co.
Div. Atlantic Richfield Co.
1500 Market St.
Philadelphia, Pa. 19101
Arizona Chemical Co.
Berdan Avenue
Wayne, N.J. 07470
Armak Chemicals Div.
Akzona Inc.
P.O. Box 1805
Chicago, 111. 60690
Arms trong Chemical Co., Inc.
1530 South Jackson St.
Janesville, Wis. 53545
-------
Ashland Che ideal Co.
Div. of Ashland Oil, Inc.
5200 Paul G. Blazer Memorial Parkway
Dublin, Ohio 43017
Atlas Chemical
New Murphy Rd. & Concord Pike
Wilmington, Del. 19897
AZS Copr.
660 Frelinghuysen Ave.
Newark, N.J. 07144
BASF Wyandotte Corp.
Colors Division
100 Cherryl Hill Road
Parsippany, N.J. 07054
Wm. H. Bertolet's Sons
2600 E. Tioga St.
Philadelphia, Pa. 19134
Cal Chemical Corp.
616 Washington St.
Coventry, R.I. 02816
Canadian Alcolac Ltd.
490 Dufferin Street
Valley £ ield, Queb ec, Canada
Catawaba Charlab
P.O. Box 948
Charlotte, NC 28231
Central Soya Co., Inc.
Chemurgy Div.
1825 N. Laramie Ave.
Chicago 111. 60639
Chemical Products Corp.
125 Main Ave.
E. Paterson, N.J. 07407
Chief Chemical Co., Inc.
100 Van Dyke Street
Brooklyn, N.Y. 11231
Atlantic Richfield Co.
1500 Market St.
Philadelphia, Pa. 19101
Atlas Refinery, Inc.
142 Lockwood St.
Newark, N.J. 07105
Baroid Div.
P.O. Box 1675
2404 Southwest Freeway
Houston, Tx. 77001
BASF Wyandotte Corp.
Industrial Chemicals Group
1609 Biddle Ave.
Wyandotte, Mich. 48192
Beta Chemical Corp.
P.O. Box 42
Haddon Heights, N.J. 08035
Canada Packers Ltd.
Chemical Div.
2200 St. Clair Ave. W.
Toronto, Ontario MGN-1K4, Canada
Carson Chemicals, Inc.
2779 East El Presidio
Long Beach, Calif. 90810
Celanese Coatings & Specialties Co.
Textile Div.
P.O. Box 506
Charlotte, N.C. 28201
Chemical Developemnts of Canada Ltd.
104 Doyon Ave.
Pointe Claire, Quebec, Canada H9R 3T5
Chemithon Corp.
5430 W. Marginal Way S.W.
Seattle, Wash. 98106
Ciba-Geigy Corp.
Dyestuff & Chemicals Div.
P.O. Box 11422
Greensboro, N.C. 27409
-------
Cincinnati Milacron Chemicals Inc.
West Street
Cincinnati, Ohio 45215
Cities Service Co.
ICD, Cities Service Bldg.
3445 Peachtree Rd. N.E.
Atlanta, Georgia 30326
Clintwood Chemical Co.
4342 S. Wolcott Ave.
Chicago, 111 60609
Commercial Solvents Corp.
1331 S. 1st Street
Terre Haute, Ind. 47808
Consos, Inc.
P.O. Box 973
Charlotte, N.C. 28201
Continental Oil Co.
5 Greenway Plaza East
P.O. Box 2197
Houston, TX 77001
Crest Chemical Corp.
225-235 Emmet St.
Newark, N.J. 07114
Crompton & Knowles Corp.
Dyes & Chemicals Div.
Route 208
Fair Lawn, N.J. 07410
Crown Zellerbach Corp.
Chemical Products Div.
Camas, Wash. 98607
Deering Milliken Inc.
P.O. Box 817
Inman, S.C. 29349
Diamond Shamrock Chemical
350 Mt. Kemble Ave.
Morristown, N.J. 07960
Cindet Chemicals, Inc.
P.O. Box 20926
Greensboro, N.C. 27420
W.A. Cleary Corp.
1049 Somerset Street
Somerset, N.J. 08873
Colloids, Inc.
394 Frelinghuysen Ave.
Newark, N.J. 07114
Continental Oil Co.
5 Greenway Plaza East
P.O. Box 2197
Houston, TX 77001
Continental Chemical Co.
270 Clifton Blvd.
Clifton, N.J. 07015
CPC International,
Talmadge Road
Eflison, N.J. 08902
Inc.
Croda, Inc.
51 Madison Ave.
New York, N.Y. 10010
C rown-Me tro, Inc.
Sub. USM Corp.
P.O. Box 5695
Donaldson Center
Greenville, S.C. 29606
Cyclo Chemicals Corp.
7500 N.W. 66th St.
Miami, Fla. 33166
Dexter Chemical Corp.
845 Edgewater Rd.
Bronx, N.Y. 10474
Dispergent Div.
Robinson Wagner Co.
628 Waverly Ave.
Mamaroneck, N.Y. 10543
-------
Dixo Co., Inc.
158 Central Ave.
Rochelle Park, N.J. 07662
Drew
416 Division St.
Boonton, N.J. 07005
DuFont de Nemours, E.I. & Co.
Dyes & Chemicals Div.
Chambers Works
Deepwater, N.J. 08023
Eastern Color and Chemical Co.
35 Livingston St.
Providence, R.I. 02904
Emery Industries, Inc.
Chemical Specialties Group
P.O. Box 628
Mauldin, S.C. 29662
Essential Chemicals Corp.
28391 Essential Rd.
Merton, Wis. 53056
Eastman Organic Chemicals
Eastman Kodak Company
Rochester, N.Y. 14650
Fike Chemicals, Inc.
P.O. Box 546
Nitro, W. Va 25143
Finetex Inc.
418 Falmouth Ave.
East Paterson, N.J. 07407
General Electric Co.
Silicone Prod. Dept.
Waterford, N.Y. 12188
Georgia-Pacific Corp.
P.O. Box 1236
Bellingham, Wash. 98225
Glvco Chemicals, Inc.
51 Weaver St.
Greenwich, Conn 06830
Dow Corning Corporation
Midland, Mich. 48640
Dryden Chemicals
P.O. Box 2025
Quebec PQ, Canada
Durkee Industrial Foods Group/SCM Corp.
900 Union Commerce Bldg.
Cleveland, Ohio 44115
Eastman Chemical Products, Inc.
DPI Div.
P.O. Box 431
Kingsport, Tenn. 37662
Emkay Chemical Co.
319-325 Second St.
Elizabeth, N.J. 07206
Exxon Company, USA
P.O. Box 2180
Houston, Texas 77001
Fanning Chemical Co., Inc.
625 N. Michigan Ave.
Chicago, 111 60611
Fine Organics, Inc.
205 Main St.
Lodi, N.J. 07664
GAF Corp., Chemical Products
140 W. 51st St.
New York, N.Y. 10020
General Mills Chemicals,
4620 W. 77th St.
Minneapolis, Minn. 55435
Glidden-Durkee
900 Union Commerce Bldg.
Cleveland, Ohio 44115
Goldschmidt Chemical Div
3 Science Road
Glenwood, 111.60425
Inc.
-------
B.F. Goodrich Chemical Co.
6100 Oak Tree Blvd.
Cleveland, Ohio 44131
Graden Chemical & Equipment
426 Bryan St.
Harvertown, Pa. 19083
Grindsted Products, Inc.
2701 Rockcreek Pkwy.
North Kansas City, Ma. 64116
C.P. Hall Company
7300 S. Central Ave,
Chicago, 111.60638
Hampshire Chemical
Div. of W.R. Grace &
Poisson Ave.
Nashua, N.H. 03060
Co.
Hart Products Corp.
173 Sussex St.
Jersey City, N.J. 07302
Henkel Inc.
Chemical Specialties Civ.
1301 Jefferson Street
Hoboken, N.J. 07030
Heterene Chemical Co., Inc.
792 Twenty First Ave.
Paterson, N.J. 07513
High Point Chemical Corp.
609 Taylor St.
P.O. Box 2316
High Point, N.C. 27261
Hodag Chemical Corp.
7247 N. Central Park Ave.
Skokie, 111. 60076
Humko Sheffield Chemical
Div. Kraftco
P.O. Box 398
Memphis, TN 38101
WR Grace & Co., Organic Chemicals Div.
55 Hauden Ave.
Lexington, MA 02140
Grant Chemical Div.
Ferro Corp.
P.O. Box 263
Baton Rouge, La. 70821
A. Gross & Co., Div. of Millmaster Onyx Corp.
P.O. Box 818
Newark, N.J. 07101
Hamblet & Hayes Co.
P.O. Box 730
Colonial Road
Salem,Mass. 01970
A. Harrison & Co., Inc.
P.O. Box 494
Pawtucket, R.I. 02862
Henkel Chemicals (Canada) Ltd.
6205 Airport Road
Mississauga (Toronto) Ontario, Canada
Hercules Incorporated, Organics Dept.
Hercules Tower
910 Market St.
Wilmington, Del. 19898
Hexcel-Fine Organics Div.
205 Main St.
Lodi, N.J. 07664
Hilton-Davis Chemical Co.
2235 Langdon Farm Rd.
Cincinnati, Ohio 45237
E.F. Houghton & Co.
303 W. Lehigh Ave.
Philadelphia, Pa 19133
Philip A. Hunt Chemical Corp.
Organic Div.
P.O. Box 4249
Massasoit Ave.
East Providence, R.I. 02914
-------
ICI United States Inc.
Atlas Chemicals Div.
New Murphy Rd. & Concord Pike
Wilmington, Del. 19897
Inolex Personal Care Corp.
3 Science Road
Glenwood, 111. 60425
Intracolor Corp
Route 208
Fair Lawn, N.J. 07410
ITT Rayonier Inc.
605 3rd Ave.
New York, N.Y. 10016
Jefferson Chemical Co., Inc.
P.O. Box 4128
Austin, Texas 78765
Jetco Chemicals, Inc.
P.O. Box 1278
Corsicana, Texas 75110
Lakeway Chemicals, Inc.
5025 Evanston Ave.
Muskegon, Mich. 49443
Laurel Products Corp.
2600 E. Tioga St.
Philadelphia, Pa. 19134
Lipo Chemicals, Inc.
114 E. 32nd St.
New York, N.Y. 10016
Malmstrom Chemicals
Emery Industries
1501 W. Elizabeth Ave.
Linden, N.J. 07036
Marathon Morco Co.
4401 Park Ave.
Dickinson, Texas 77539
Industrial Chemicals Div.
40 Ave. A
Bayonne, N.J. 07002
Intex Products, Inc.
P.O. Box 6648
Greenville, S.C. 29606
Isochem Corp.
99 Cook St.
Lincoln, R.I. 02865
IMC Chemical Group, Inc.
P.O. Box 207
Terre Haute, Ind. 47808
Jersey State Chemical, sub of Sybron Corp.
59 Lee Avenue
Haledon, N.J. 07058
Knapp Products, Inc.
Lodi, N.J. 07644
Lancaster Chemical Co.
Div. of AZS Corp.
660 Frelinghuysen Ave.
Newark, N.J. 07144
Lignosol Chemicals
P.O. Box 2025
Quebec PQ, Canada
Lonza Inc.
22-10 Route 208
Fair Lawn, N.J. 07410
Magnolia Industries
P.O. Box 817
Inman, S.C. 29349
Manostat
20 N. Moore St.
New York, N.Y. 10013
Marlowe-Van Loan Corp.
P.O. Box 1851
High Point, N.C. 27261
-------
Mazer Chemicals, Inc.
3938 Porett Dr.
Gurnee, 111. 60031
M. Michel & Company, Inc.
90 Broad St.
New York, N.Y. 10004
Mlllmaster Onyx Corp.
P.O. Box 818
Newark, N.J. 07101
Mlranol Chemical Co., Inc.
277 Colt St.
Irvington, N.J. 07111
Monsanto Co.
800 N. Lindbergh Blvd.
St. Louis, Mo. 63166
The Murphy-Phoenix Company
9505 Casslus Ave.
Cleveland, Ohio 44105
National Starch and Chemical Corp.
10 Finderne Ave.
Bridgewater, N.J. 08807
N L Industries, Baroid Oiv.
P.O. Box 1675
2404 Southwest Freeway
Houston, Tx. 77001
Nopco Div.
350 Mt. Kemble Ave.
Morristown, N.J. 07960
Nyanza, Inc.
49 Blanchard St.
200 Sutton St.
P.O. Box 145
N. Andover, MA 08145
Olin Corp., Chemicals Div.
120 Long Ridge Rd.
Stamford, Conn. 06904
Mclntyre Chemical Co. Ltd.
736 Estes Ave.
Schaumburg, IL 60172
Mllliken Chemical
Div. of Deering Mllliken, INc.
P.O. Box 817
Inman, S.C. 29349
Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Co.
3-M Center
Commercial Chemical Division
St. Paul, Minn. 55101
Mona Industries, Inc.
65 E. 23rd St.
Paterson, N.J. 07542
Morton Chemical Co.
Div. of Morton-Norwich Products, Inc.
110 N. Wacker Dr.
Chicago, 111.60606
Nalco Chemical Company
Specialty Chemicals Group
1800 Esperson Building
Houston, Texas 77002
Nease Chemical Co., Inc.
Box 221
State College, Pa. 16801
N L Industries, Industrial Chemicals Div.
40 Ave. A
Bayonne, N.J. 07002
Nostrip Chemical Works, Inc.
Box 160
Pedricktown, N.J. 08067
Ogo Products Corp.
175 Main St.
White Plains, N.Y. 10601
Onyx Chemical Co.
Div. of Millmaster Onyx Corp.
190 Warren St.
Jersey City, N.J. 07302
-------
PATCO Products
Div. of C. J. Patterson
3947 Broadway
Kansas City, Mo. 64111
Penreco Div. of Pennzoil Co.
106 South Main St.
Butler, Pa. 16001
Pilot Chemical Co.
P.O. Box 22130
Los Angeles, Calif. 90022
Procter & Gamble Co.
Sharonwood Technical Center
Cincinnati, Ohio 45217 "
PVO International Inc.
416 Division St.
Boonton, N.J. 07005
Reed Ltd., Chemical Dir.
Ligmin Products
P.O. Box 2025
Quebec PQ, Canada
Reilly-Whiteman Inc.
Washington & Righcer Sts.
Conshohocken, Pa. 19428
Rewo Chemicals, Inc.
107-B Allen Blvd.
East Farmingdale, N.Y. 11735
R.I.T.A. Chemical Corp.
P.O. Box 556
Crystal Lake, 111. 60014
Robinson-Wagner Co., Inc.
628 Waverly Ave.
Mamaroneck, N.Y. 10543
Ryco, Inc.
Conshohocken, Pa. 19428
Sandoz Colors & Chemicals
Hanover, N.J. 07936
Scholler Bros., Inc.
Collins & Westmoreland Sts.
Philadelphia, Pa. 19134
Pennsylvania Refining Co.
106 South Main St.
Butler, Pa. 16001
Petrochemicals Co., Inc.
P.O. Box 2199
Fort Worth, Texas 76101
Plex Chemical Corp.
1205 Atlantic St.
Union City, Calif. 94587
Proctor Chemical Co.,
P.O. Box 399
Salisbury, N.C. 28144
Inc.
Quaker Chemical Corp.
Conshohocken, Pa. 19428
Refined-Onyx Div.
Millmaster Onyx Corp.
624 Schuyler Ave.
Lyndhurst, N.J. 07071
Retzloff Chemical Co.
277 Park Ave.
New York, N.Y. 10017
The Richardson Co.
Organic Chemicals Div.
2400 E. Devo'n Ave.
Des Plaines, 111. 60018
Robeco chemicals, Inc.
51 Madison Ave.
New York, N.Y. 10010
Rohm and Hass Co.
Independence Mall West
Philadelphia, Pa. 19105
St. Regis, Lake States Division
Rhinelander, Wis. 54501
Scher Chemicals
P.O. Box 538
Allwood Sta.
Clifton, N.J. 07012
-------
SCM Corp.
900 Union Commerce Bldg.
Cleveland, Ohio 44115
Seaboard Chemicals, Inc.
30 Foster St.
Salem, Mass. 01970
Werner G. Smith, Inc.
1730 Train Ave.
Cleveland, Ohio 44114
Soluol Chemical Co., Inc.
Green Hill & Market Sts.
West Warwick, R.I. 02893
A. E. Staley Mfg. Co.
Textile Div.
P.O. Box 948
Charlotte, N.C. 28231
Stauffer Chemical Co.
Westport, Conn. 06880
Surfact-Co Inc.
14010 S. Seeley Ave.
Box 117
Blue Island, 111. 60406
Sylvan Chemical Co
P.O. Box 817
Inman, S.C. 29349
Ten-Chem Co., Inc.
20-21 Wagaraw Rd.
Fair Lawn, N.J. 07410
Texo Corp.
2801 Highland Ave.
Cincinnati, Ohio 45212
The Theobald Industries
P.O. Box 72
Harrison, N.J. 07029
Scott Paper Co.
Forest Chemical Products
2600 Federal Ave.
Everett, Wash. 98201
Shell Chemical Co.
One Shell Plaza
Houston, Texas 77002
Sole Chemical Corp
Div. of Hodag Chemical Corp.
7247 N. Central Park Ave.
Skokie, 111.60076
Southern Chemical Products Co.
430 Lower Boundary St.
P.O. Box 205
Macon, Ga. 31202
Standard Chemical'Products, Inc.
1301 Jefferson Street
Hobokea, N.J. 07030
Stepan Chemical Co.
Edens & Winnetka Roads
Northfield, 111. 60093
Swift Chemical Co.
383 Orenda Road
Bramalea, Ontario Canada
Tanatex Chemical Co.
Div. of Sybron Corp.
P.O. Box 388
Page & Schuyler Ave.
Lyndhurst, N.J. 07071
Texize Chemicals
P.O. Box 6648
Greenville, S.C. 29606
Textilana Corp.
12607 Cerise Ave.
Hawthorne, Calif. 90250
Thompson-Hayward Chemical Co.
5200 Speaker Rd.
Kansas City, Kansas 66106
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