United Sl^tas             Office of Toxic Substances
Environmental Protection        401 M Street, SW
Agency               Washington, D.C. 20460
Toxic Substances
OTS Manual for             July 29,1981
Preparing  Documents

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                                                       TRANSMITTAL
                  of
        ' Toxic
          Substances
2220.1
                                                     July  29,  1981
        PUBLICATION AND COMMUNICATION MATERIALS:   STYLE,  FORMAT,
                      AND EDITORIAL POLICY  REVIEW
MATERIAL TRANSMITTED:

     OTS Manual for Preparing Documents          OTS  Manual  2220.1
MATERIAL SUPERSEDED OR CANCELLED:

     This revised manual supersedes  the  draft Manual for Preparing
OTS Documents.
FILING INSTRUCTIONS:

     File the attached material  in  a three-ring binder in the
classification code shown.   Post receipt on the checklist.
Distribution:  OTS-wide                  Initiated by:   ISSB/MSD

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Office of

Toxic
Substances
                                                   Manual
                               CONTENTS




                                                             Page
1
2
3
4
5
6


7







8






9




PURPOSE 	
POLICY 	
BACKGROUND 	
OBJECTIVES 	
APPLICABILITY 	
DISCLAIMERS FOR OTS REPORTS . 	 	 	 .
6.1 In-house Reports 	
6.2 Intramural Reports 	
OTS DOCUMENT REVIEW OF PUBLICATION
PROCEDURES 	

1.2 EPA Report Number 	

7.4 Review Cover Sheet 	
7.5 Confidential Business Information (CBI) ....
7.6 Federal Register Notice Availability 	
PRINTING PROCEDURES 	
8.1 IAO and the Printing Contract 	
3.2 Covers 	
8.3 TSCA Chemical Assessment Series 	
8.4 Toxics Information Integration Series 	
8.5 Cover Colors 	
8.6 IAO Checklist for Printing 	
HOW TO DOCUMENT SOURCES OF INFORMATION , 	
9.1 Copyright 	
9.2 Limitations to Exclusive Rights: Fair Use . .
9.3 Alternatives to Using Copyrighted Material . . .
9.4 When To Give Acknowledgment 	
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3

5
5
5
6
6
6
7
8
8
8
9
LQ
10
10
12
12
12
12
12
Distribution:  OTS-wide            i    Initiated by:  ISSB/MSD

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Manual

2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
    9.5    When Not To Give Acknowledgment	    13
    9.6    Using Copyrighted Material 	    13

10  REFERENCES	    16

    10.1   General Rules	    16
    10.2   Citations in the Text	    18
    10.3   Abbreviations Acceptable for Use in
           References	    18
    10.4   Model Reference Formats  	    19
    10.5   Books  	
    10.6   Books Better Known by Their Titles 	    20
    10.7   Computer Printouts 	    20
    10.8   Conferences, Proceedings, and Symposiums
           (Published and Unpublished)	    20
    10.9   Congressional Documents  	    21
    10.10  Contractor Reports 	    21
    10.11  Data Sheet	    21
    10.12  Federal Agency as Author	    21
    10.13  Federal Agency as Publisher  	    22
    10.14  Federal Register 	    22
    10.15  Fiche	    23
    10.16  Journal Articles and Monographs  	    23
    10.17  Manufacturers' Literature  	    24
    10.18  Memorandums and Letters	    24
    10.19  Patents	    25
    10.20  Report Series	    25
    10.21  Secondary References 	    25
    10.22  Submissions Under TSCA	    25
    10.23  Thesis	    26
    10.24  Translations	    26

11  SOURCES OF INFORMATION ON STYLE	    27

    11.1   Metric Units of Measure	    28
    11.2   Abbreviations and Symbols	    28
    11.3   Trade and Manufacturers' Name	    29

12  STANDARD COMPONENTS IS A DOCUMENT 	    30

    12.1   Front Matter	    30
    12.2   Text	    31
    12.3   Back Matter	    32
                               11

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Manual
2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
 13   FORMAT SPECIFICATIONS  FOR DRAFT  AND  FINAL
     DRAFT REPORTS	    33

     13.1    Typing    	    33
     13.2  . Page  Numbering	    33
     13.3    Order of  Headings	    34
     13.4    Footnotes	    34
     13.5    Lists	    34
     13.6    Mathematical  and Chemical  Formulas  	    35

 14   FIGURES	    36

     Sample Figures  	    38

 15   TABLES	    39

     Sample Table  	    41

 16   SAMPLE TITLE PAGE	    42

 17   SAMPLE OTS FORMS	    43

     17.1    OTS Document  Clearance  Form	    43
     17.2    Instructions  for Completing OTS
            Clearance Forms  	    44
     17.3    Report  Documentation  Page	    46
     17.4    Instructions  for Completing the  Report
            Documentation Page	    46
     17.5    Review  Cover  Sheet 	    47
     17.6    Review  Cover  Sheet Instructions   	    48
     17.7    Sample  Permission  Form, Journal   	    49
     17.8    Sample  Permission  Form, Book  	    49
     17.9    Directions  for  Preparing  OTS  Copyright
            Permission  Forms  	    50
     17.10  Sample  Receipt  of  Manuscript  for
            Printing	    51
     17.11  Translation Service Request  	    51

 18   ADDITIONAL STYLE AIDS  FOR AUTHORS   	    52

     18.1    Abbreviations and  Symbols  Used in
            CAS Publications	    52
     18.2    Abbrevistions for  States  and  Territories
            in the  United States	    53
     18.3    Proofreader's Marks  	    53
                              111

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        of
Toxic
Substances
                                                     Manual

                                                     2220.1
          PUBLICATION AND COMMUNICATION MATERIALS:   STYLE,  FORMAT,
   	AND EDITORIAL POLICY REVIEW	


    1     PURPOSE

         Technical  reports  in  a  regulatory  agency must  maintain a
    high  level of  standardization  in  style, format,  and reference
    citation  in  order to  be of  use  to  regulatory  and   scientific
    communities.

    2     POLICY

         The  OTS  Manual for Preparing Documents  and EPA's  Scientific
    and Technical Publications  manual  are  the standards  to  be used
    for preparing documents in  the Office  of Toxic Substances  (OTS).
    The  procedures  described in  this manual  apply  to all documents
    prepared  and  printed as a result  of OTS's intra- and  extramural
    scientific  activities.   The  Industry  Assistance Office (IAO) in
    OTS holds the program's printing  contract.   Authors and project
    officers  are  responsible  for  delivering  complete  packages  of
    camera-ready  copy  to  IAO.    Assistance  in using  this manual is
    available to authors  and contractors  in the  OPTS Publications
    Office,   Information  Services Support Branch  (ISSB),   Management
    Support Division  (MSD).

    3     BACKGROUND

         This manual  describes  review procedures  for  final  draft
    documents;  guidelines  for writing  documents,  ranging  from first
    draft to camera-ready  final  copy; the  OTS  reference  style;   and
    traditional  elements  in documents.   The  clearance,  review,
    copyright,  and  other forms required by  this  manual (see section
    17) are available from  branch -secretaries.

    4     OBJECTIVES

         Use  of the  OTS and EPA manuals  will  ensure that  reports,
    speeches, journal articles,  and  proceedings and  conference  papers
    are  prepared   and   printed   in  a   correct,   uniform,   and
    cost-effective manner.

    5     APPLICABILITY

         This manual  is to  be   used  by project  officers and other
    personnel,  contractors,  and  other  organizations  in  preparing
    documents for the Office of Toxic Substances  (OTS) in  the  Office
    of Pesticides and Toxic Substances (OPTS).
Distribution:  OTS-wide              1  Initiated by:  ISSB/MSD

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Manual
2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
      The following statement should appear in all OTS interagency
 or  contract agreements:

               The final report will conform to the
                OTS Manual for Preparing Documents.

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                                                    2220.1
,-^rc     /»                                 Manual
Office of
Toxic
Substances
                      DISCLAIMERS FOR OTS REPORTS
    6    DISCLAIMERS  FOR OTS REPORTS

    6.1  IN-HOUSE  REPORTS

         Draft Reports.  As  a  result of provisions contained  in  the
    Freedom  of Information  Act and  OTS's  commitment  to  public
    participation,  draft copies  of OTS  reports are often distributed
    outside  the  Agency.    To  prevent misinterpretation  of  their
    contents,  the  following notice  must  appear on a  separate page,
    preceding  the  acknowledgment, in all draft documents.


              This  document  is a  preliminary draft.  It has
              not  been released  formally  by  the Office of
              Toxic Substances,   Office of Pesticides  and
              Toxic Substances,  U.S. Environmental Protec-
              tion  Agency.    It  is  being circulated  for
              comments on  its technical  merit  and  policy
              implications.


         Final Reports.  All  final   reports must contain one  of  the
    following  disclaimer  notices on the  reverse  side of  the title
    page.


              This document has  been reviewed and approved
              for  publication   by  the  Office  of  Toxic
              Substances,  Office of Pesticides  and  Toxic
              Substances,  U.S.   Environmental  Protection
              Agency.  The use of trade names  or commercial
              products does not  constitute Agency endorse-
              ment or recommendation for use.
    6.2  EXTRAMURAL REPORTS

              This report was prepared  under  contract  to an
              agency  of  the  United  States  Government.
              Neither the United States Government nor any
              of  its employees,  contractors,   subcontrac-
              tors, or their employees makes any  warranty,
Distribution:  OTS-wide              3   Initiated by: ISSB/MSD

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 Manual	

 2220.1	

	OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS

           expressed  or  implied,  or  assumes any  legal
           liability  or  responsibility  for  any  third
           party's use  or the results of such use of any
           information,  apparatus,  product, or  process
           disclosed  in this  report,  or represents that
           its   use   by  such  third   party would  not
           infringe on  privately owned  rights.

           Publication  of the data in this document does
           not   signify  that   the  contents  necessarily
           reflect the  joint  or  separate  views  and
           policies of  each sponsoring agency.   Mention
           of  trade  names  or  commercial  products does
           not  constitute endorsement or recommendation
           for use.

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Office of
Toxic
Substances
                                                      Manual
                                                      2220.1
              OTS DOCUMENT  REVIEW  AND  PUBLICATION PROCEDURES
         Before a report can be  printed  by  EPA or a contractor, the
    author or project officer must  complete  an  OTS Document Clearance
    Form, receive  an EPA  Report Number  from  the  OPTS Publications
    Office  in  the  Information  Support  Service  Branch  (ISSB),  and
    complete the Report Documentation Page.   (See the EPA Scientific
    and Technical Publications manual  for additional details.)

         Samples of  the forms required by OTS  appear  in this manual
    in section 17.
    7    OTS REVIEW AND PUBLICATION  PROCEDURES

    7.1  DOCUMENT CLEARANCE FORM

         The  OTS  Document  Clearance  Form   is  to  be  completed  by
    authors  or  other   originators  of  documents  (see   instructions
    following the sample).   The form ensures  adequate  preparation and
    peer review of documents at the  final  draft  stage.

         The  form  also must  be  completed  for  any  speeches  and
    conference papers prepared  for audiences  outside EPA.

         The original form and a manuscript copy of the  final  report
    are  to  be  delivered  to  the  Publications  Office   in  ISSB  for
    placement in the OPTS Report File.


    7.2  EPA REPORT NUMBER

         The OPTS Publications  Office assigns an EPA Report  Number to
    each  final  OTS  document.    The  Report  Number  assures  that  a
    document  is  properly  identified  for  reference  and  filing
    purposes,   that  it  will   be   cited   in the  EPA  Publications
    Bibliography, and that it can be flagged  for submission  to  NTIS.*
    *The National  Technical  Information Service  (NTIS)  of the  U.S.
     Department of  Commerce  announces  the availability of and  sells
     technical  documents  produced   by  the  Federal  Government.
     Documents are  available in paper  and  microfiche  form.  See  p.  9
     for information about submitting  reports to NTIS.
Distribution:  OTS-wide             5   Initiated by:  ISSB/MSD

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Manual

2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
      A copy of all  final  documents and their completed  Document
 Clearance Forms will be kept on file  in the  Publications  Office.

      All changes (errata and addenda)  in documents  printed  and/or
 listed with NTIS must bear  the same EPA number and  issuance date
 that appear on the original document.


 7.3   REPORT DOCUMENTATION  PAGE

      A Report  Documentation  Page  (Optional  Form 272,  Department
 of Commerce)  is  to  be  completed  and  inserted  by  the author  or
 project  officer  as  the  last page  of  a  final  document.    It
 replaces the  Technical  Data Sheet.   The  form is available from
 branch secretaries (see p. 46 of  this  manual).

      Note the  following  additional instructions for  filling  out
 the  form:  you do not need to answer  items 17b and  17c.   For item
 17b,   use   the  DDC Retrieval and Indexing  Terminology,  Environ-
 mental/Chemical Thesaurus,and/orEnvironmental  Microthesaurul;
 manuals to determine descriptors.   These manuals  are available in
 the  Technical  Information  Center  (TIC).   For  item  21, count  all
 pages, including cover, introductory  pages, Report  Documentation
 Page, mailer,  etc.,  to get  a correct page count.    See  section
 17.4  of this manual for additional directions.
 7.4   REVIEW COVER SHEET

      The author fills  out  items  1  through 8 of the  Review  Cover
 Sheet  (see  p.  47)  and  sends  a  copy  of  it,  along  with  the
 document,  to each reviewer.  The cover sheet is to  be returned by
 the  reviewer to the author for filing by the branch secretary.

      The number of  reviewers  and  whether review will  take  place
 in OTS or  beyond are at the discretion of the division director.


 7.5   CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION (CBI)

      CBI is trade  secrets  or  commercial  or financial information
 considered   confidential  by  the  person  submitting  it   or
 information that has been determined to be confidential according
 to the  procedures  in  the Code of Federal Regulations  (CFR)  (40
 CFR  Part 2).

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Manual

2220.1
	OTS  MANUAL  FOR  PREPARING DOCUMENTS

      OTS  staff who draft  and  review documents  that  contain  CBI
 and  staff who  type  or  otherwise have access  to these  documents
 must have CBI clearance and must handle classified  documents  in
 accordance  with established CBI procedures.   These  requirements
 also apply  to contractors whose  tasks  require  access to  CBI.
 Anyone  with  access  to  CBI  should  periodically review the  CBI
 procedures  manuals.*   The  mishandling  of  CBI  could  harm  the
 chemical  company that  submitted it in compliance with TSCA  and
 jeopardize  the ability  of OPTS  to carry out its legal mandate.


 7.6   FEDERAL  REGISTER NOTICE OF AVAILABILITY

      Material developed in OTS  and being  made  available  to  the
 general  public through  the Industry Assistance Office (IAO)  must
 be announced  in a  notice of availability in the Federal Register.
 Guidance  for  writing  the  notice can  be  obtained from the  OPTS
 Federal  Register Office.   (See  a reference to  the notice  on  p.  8
 of this  manual.)

      How to  prepare  documents  for publication  in   the  Federal
 Register  is not discussed  in this manual.  Readers should  use the
 FRS Document Drafting Guide,  which  is  available  in the  OPTS
 Federal  Register Office.   Queries  should be directed to  that
 office.
 *For  a thorough discussion  of  CBI  procedures,  consult  the
  following  manuals:    TSCA Confidential  Business  I^nfor^matj.on
  Security Manual or  its shorter  version,  the TSCA Confidential
  Business  Information  Briefing Booklet,   the  OTS  ProceduJTes
  Manual:	TSCA Confident! a I B u s ^ne s s _!_ r>lQ£ma 11,0 n ,   and   the
  Contractor  Requirements  for the Control, 
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r Office of
1 Toxic
  Substances
                                                     Manual
                                                     2220.1
                           PRINTING PROCEDURES
   8    PRINTING PROCEDURES

   8.1  IAO AND THE  PRINTING CONTRACT

        The  Industry  Assistance  Office  (IAO)  coordinates  all  OTS
   printing.   This  includes in-house printing  and  that  done by GPO
   through contractors.   It also  includes local duplication services
   of  small  quantities of lengthy  documents  or large quantities of
   brief  documents.   The  author  or  project  officer  provides camera-
   ready  manuscript  copy  and artwork.   IAO will  obtain  a cover and
   spine  from  the  EPA  graphics facility.

        The appropriate  form  for printing,  EPA Form 2340-1, will be
   completed  by  IAO.  The  form  for local duplicating  service,  EPA
   Form 1750-3,  will be  prepared initially  in the branch and signed
   by  the  branch  chief and  appropriations  officer,  with  the
   chargeable  branch appropriations number  cited.   Bring this form
   to  the IAO with  the  document  to be  duplicated.   IAO  does  not
   accept small  in-house  duplicating  jobs;   take those  directly to
   the  duplicating  facilities  on  the  various  floors  in  the  East
   Tower.   Small  in-house  duplicating jobs  are defined  as  those
   documents with  an aggregate total of  100 or  fewer pages.

        Federal Register  Notices.   When  a Federal Register notice is
   to  be  published,  the author must coordinate  the final  notice with
   the IAO to  allow  IAO time to arrange  with  GPO  for reprints of the
   notice.    It  is  imperative  to  coordinate  with  IAO  before  the
   notice goes to  the  Federal Register  Office in  OTS.  A  copy of the
   notice suitable for reproduction should  be left  in IAO.   (Models
   of  a notice are available from the OTS Federal Register Office.)

        Contractor Printing.  A  project officer may assign the task
   of  printing  to  the   contractor preparing  the   document.    The
   contractor  may  reproduce  up to  25,000 page  impressions  from the
   camera-ready copy.   This  limit is determined by  law.  Therefore,
   the number  of  copies  that  can be duplicated depends on the total
   page  count of  the document.    See  IAO  if the number of copies
   needed by  the  project officer  is greater  than  the contractor's
   limit.
Distribution:   OTS-wide           8     Initiated by:  ISSB/MSD

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Manual

2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
      NTIS^.   The   author  or  project  officer  provides  11   bound
 copies  of each  final  report to  the  Publications Office in  ISSB
 for   the  following  distribution:    1  copy  for  the  Technical
 Information  Center (TIC) and  10  copies for NTIS  (the package  to
 NTIS  must .include  a  copy of  each  signed  form  in the  Copyright
 Permission File;  see  the forms  on p.  49 in this  manual).

      Publisher Printing  (Journal, Book, etc.).     The  author  or
 project  officer  must ensure, as  part of  the  clearance procedure,
 that  the intended  publisher  of a document  is  identified on  the
 OTS Document Clearance Form.


 8.2   COVERS

      The  following cover colors have been designated  in  order  to
 distinguish  among the variety of  reports published by  OTS.

      Cover  requirements  for  other  in-house and  extramural  final
 draft documents   are  specified  in EPA's  Graphic Standards System
 Manual  and in this manual.   The manuals are available  in the OPTS
 Publications Office in ISSB.


 8.3   TSCA CHEMICAL ASSESSMENT SERIES

 TSCA  Chemical Assessment Series             Cover Color       Lettering

 Chemical  Screening:  Initial                 Medium blue       Black
      Evaluations  of Substantial
      Risk Notices,  TSCA  Section 8{e),
          (date)      to      (date)
 Chemical  Screening:  Initial                 Light blue       Black
      Evaluations  of Published or
      Submitted Data,  	(date )	to
          (date)
 Chemical  Screening:  Exposure and           Yellow           Black
      Hazard  Scoring of Chemicals
 Chemical  Hazard  Information  Profiles         Green            Black
      (CHIPS),     (date)    to
          (date)
 Assessment of Testing Needs:   (Name         Toxic orange     Black
      of  Chemical)
 Chemical  Problem Assessment:   Priority      Peach tan         Black
      Review  Level 1 (Name of  Chemical)
 Chemical  Problem Assessment:   Priority      Saddle tan       Black
      Review  Level 2 (Name of  Chemical)

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Manual
2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
 Preliminary Risk Assessment, Phase I:
      (Name of Chemical)
 Risk Assessment in Support of Regulatory
      Decision Making, Phase II:
      (Name of Chemical)
          Cane green

          Red
       Black
       Black
 8.4   The  Toxics Information Integration Series  carries  a  gray
 cover with black lettering.
 8.5   Support  Documents  and  Economic  Analyses  carry  the  cover
 color of the section of TSCA that they support:
     Section

           4
           5
           6
     8,12,13
Cover Color

Toxic orange
White
Toxic orange
Black
Lettering

Black
Black
White
White
 8.6  Extramural  (contractor)   reports  carry  white  covers  with
 orange lettering.

      Divider Pages and Fold-ins.  Do not use divider pages (pages
 that  separate  the  document   into  parts).   The  excess  paper,
 printing, binding  efforts,  and costs normally  incurred  by using
 fold-ins  can  be  avoided  by  separating  oversized material  into
 parts,  reducing  oversized  materials,  or  having lengthy  tables
 fall on successive pages.
      IAO Checklist for Printing.  Deliver
 manuscript and artwork to IAO for printing.
 contains the following pieces:
           your   camera-ready
           Be sure your package
      o  title page (see sample, p. 42 in this manual)*

      o  Report Documentation Page (see sample, p. 46)

      o  sample cover and spine
 *Be sure that  the  title,  author(s),  and  EPA Report Number on the
  title page and the cover are identical.
                              10

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Manual
2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
     o   copy  of the  Federal  Register notice  of  availability  if
         the report will  be distributed to  the  public.   (Models  of
         this  notice are  available in the OPTS  Federal  Register
         Office.)

     o   Receipt   of Manuscript  for  Printing   form  (see  sample,
         p. 51),  to be  signed  and dated in  IAO
                               11

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         /^rc     r                                  Manual
         Office of
         _,   .                                       2220.1
         Toxic
         Substances
                  HOW  TO  DOCUMENT  SOURCES OF  INFORMATION



    9     HOW  TO  DOCUMENT  SOURCES OF  INFORMATION

    9.1   COPYRIGHT

    9.2   LIMITATIONS TO EXCLUSIVE  RIGHTS:  FAIR USE

         Fair use  of  copyrighted  work,  including  reproduction for
    purposes  of  criticism, comment,  news  reporting,  scholarship,  or
    research, is not an infringement of copyright.

         What Is Fair  Use?   To determine whether the  use  you are
    making  of a  work is a fair use,  carefully consider the following
    questions:

         o  What are the  purpose and character of  the  use (that is,
           will the use  be commercial or nonprofit)?

         o  How   substantial   is  the  portion  you want   to  use  in
           relation   to  the   copyrighted  work as a  whole  (whether
           borrowing  one   line   or  several,   are   you  in  fact
           appropriating the essence of someone else's work)?

         o  Will this  use affect the potential market for  or  value of
           the  copyrighted work?


    9.3   ALTERNATIVES  TO  USING COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL

         Avoid  overloading your  document  with material  quoted from
    other sources.  The following  measures are  recommended:

         o  Paraphrase any material  lengthier  than a  paragraph.  Be
           sure,  however,  that you  convey the  intent of  the  author.

         o  Instead of  reproducing  diagrams,  figures,  tables, and
           schematics (chemical  reactions  and  metabolic  pathways),
           summarize  them in the  text.

    9.4   WHEN TO GIVE  ACKNOWLEDGMENT

         Remember that even paraphrased statements of  fact or opinion
    and   reworked  tables,  figures,  etc.,  from a  published or  other
Distribution: 'OTS-wide              12   Initiated by:  ISSB/MSD

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Manual

2220.1
                                OTS  MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
 outside  source  need  an  acknowledgment.   Courtesy  requires  credit
 to  be  given  (by  footnote,  on-line  reference  citation,  or  a
 statement  in  the  text)  for use of the material and for assistance
 rendered  by  someone  else, even  though  no  copyright notice  is
 involved. .

 9.5  WHEN  NOT TO  GIVE ACKNOWLEDGMENT

     It  is not  necessary  to  use  a  credit line  for  information
 purchased  by a  department or  for work  done by  non-Government
 designers,  typographers,  and layout  artists  and Government  art
 directors,   designers,   typographers,   layout   artists,   and
 photographers.

       It  is  not necessary  to  cite  the  source  of  information  that
 is common  knowledge:  for example,

         Chemical  X,  a  Q-lactam,  can be  expected  to
         have  antimicrobial  activity  because  of  its
         structural  relationship  to  penicillin,  3
         well-known antibiotic.
 9.6   USING  COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL

      The  Government  is  liable for any misuse of  the  literary  or
 intellectual  property (patents, trademarks, copyrighted material,
 "proprietary   information")  of  others.    Therefore,  a  use  of
 copyrighted material to which  "fair use"* does not apply requires
 the   written   permission  of  the copyright  owner  (author  or
 publisher).   To do otherwise may leave the Government liable for
 copyright infringement.   (See  copyright permission forms, p. 49).

      Prior  use  of  copyrighted  material  in  a  Government
 publication does  not  necessarily constitute  permission  to  use
 that  material  in  an   EPA  document.    However,  written  and
 illustrative  material  originally prepared by ?n  employee  of the
 Government  as  part  of  that  person's  official  duties  is  in the
 public domain and  cannot  be  copyrighted.

      Unpublished Work.   Unpublished  work also may  be subject  to
 copyright protection,  even  though there  is  no  copyright notice.
 Refer questions about  protection of  unpublished work  to EPA's
 Office of General  Counsel.
 *See the guide  on  p.  12  for determining what  is fair use,
                              13

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Manual

2220.1

                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS

      Direct Quotations.    Direct  lengthy quotations  of  material
 from  a   published   or  printed   source   (books,  journals,
 correspondence from industry  or other groups  and individuals)  may
 be used only  with  the  permission  of  the copyright  owner  (or  the
 author,  if there is no  copyright).

      When  you quote  verbatim  from published or  unpublished
 material,   reproduce   exactly  all  spelling,    italics,   and
 punctuation  used by the  orFginal  author.  If you  alter the text
 to clarify  the  author's  meaning,  insert  brackets  around  your
 clarification:   "Acrylamide  is  a   solid  at  ordinary temperature
 [20°C]  and has a very  low  vapor pressure."

      If  there is a factual, grammatical,  or spelling error in the
 material,  do not disturb it,  but acknowledge  it for the reader by
 using [sic]  following  the  error.

      If  you  omit  a  word  or  group of   words from  a quotation,
 indicate   the  omission  with  an ellipsis,  without  altering  the
 author's   intent:    "Acrylamide  .   .  .  has  a  very low  vapor
 pressure."

      Diagrams, Figures,  Tables.   Diagrams,  figures,  tables,  and
 schematics (chemical reactions or  metabolic pathways) may not be
 reproduced without the  written permission of  the copyright owner.
 Some  publications,  such as the  Chemical  Economics Handbook (CEH),
 have  rigid  guidelines  for  use   of   their material.     (See
 "Conditions Governing the Use  of  the CEH by Public Agencies" in
 the CEH,  available in  the  TIC.)

      Source Footnote.    Unless the  copyright holder  requests  a
 specific  copyright  notice,  insert  the  following  source footnote
 on the  same page as the information quoted,  immediately below the
 body  of  a borrowed table,  and  below the caption  of a borrowed
 figure:

          Source:   Reprinted  from  (article and journal
          or book title;  date  of publication;  volume and
          page  numbers   for  the  borrowed  material)  by
          (name of  author)  with  permission of (name  of
          copyright owner,  if  different from author).

      Report Plagiarism.   In-house drafts or contract  reports that
 you  know  or   suspect  contain  inadequately    acknowledged
 (plagiarized)   information  should  be brought  immediately  to  the
 attention of  the  project  officer.   It   is  the responsibility of
 the  contractor  to acknowledge  contributed  material;  this
 responsibility  is   part  of  the  contract  language  in   the  EPA
                             14

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Manual

2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
 Scientific and Technical Publications manual.  Notify your branch
 chief and the Procurement and Contracts  Management  Division  if a
 contractor is unwilling to comply.

      Permission Forms.    OTS's  Copyright  Permission forms  (see
 p.  49) request  broad permission for use of  material  by  the  U.S.
 Government.   The project officer is responsible for  supplying the
 contractor with these  forms.  Keep a list of  the forms  you  send
 out and a copy of each  signed form.

      Copyright Permission File.    The  Copyright Permission  File
 must  accompany  each OTS document from  draft  to   final  stage.
 Attach copies of the signed  forms  to  the  Document Clearance  Form
 accompanying the final  draft.  The  original forms will be kept in
 the branch files.  Copies of permission forms also must accompany
 reports going to NTIS.

       Note;   Send out permission forms during the early stages of
 document  preparation.    If  you  postpone  sending the  forms,  you
 risk having permission  refused when you are close to the due date
 for your draft.
                              15

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  Office of
I Toxic
  Substances
                                                      Manual
                                                      2220.1
                                REFERENCES
         The  reference style  for  OTS  documents is  an  adaptation of
     the Vancouver  Style,  which has  been approved by  the International
     Steering  Committee of Medical Editors.  This form of reference is
     used  by the U.S. National  Library of  Medicine,  and its adoption
     by  scientific   journals   in  the  United  States and  abroad  is
     expected.   For  this  reason and for  the simplicity of  the style
     itself,  it  is  being used  in OTS  for traditional  references.

         Many of  the  reference materials  used by  OTS authors  are
     unique  and  nontraditional; that  is,  they are  not  limited  to
     standard  textbooks or journal  articles.   The  following  models
     have   been  created   to   illustrate   the   kind  and   amount  of
     information a   reader  must  have   in  order   to understand  and
     retrieve  both  traditional  and unique  sources of  information.

         This section is divided  into four parts:   General  Rules,
     Citations  in  the  Text,  Abbreviations Acceptable for   Use  in
     References,  and  Model Reference  Formats.


     10   REFERENCES

     10.1  GENERAL  RULES

     1.   List all  references  in a  separate section at the end  of a
         document, in  alphabetical  order, by author.

     2.   If  a reference  does  not have an  author,  which is  common in
         many trade  journals,  use  the source  as  author:    Chem Eng
         News.

     3.   Where  there are  more than six authors, cite the  first three
         and  use et  al.

     4.   If  a reference  does  not have a  date  of publication,  insert
          (n.d.), in  parentheses, following  the  author's name.

     5.   When you  quote material,  include  in the on-line citation the
         page number(s)  in the source  on which the  borrowed material
         appears:  (Brill 1970, pp.  380-381).
Distribution:  OTS-wide              16  Initiated by:   ISSB/MSD

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Manual

2220.1
                               J3TS MANUAL FOR PREPARING  DOCUMENTS
 6.    When  citing documents that have  an  identifying publication
      number,  provide  that  number  as  the  last  item  in  the
      reference  citation:

           USEPA.   1976.   U.S. Environmental  Protection  Agency.
           National  water  quality  inventory:     1976  report  to
           Congress.  Washington, DC:  USEPA. EPA 440/9-76-024.

 7.    If  you  are using  as a  source  a  manuscript  accepted  for
      publication but not yet printed,  insert the words "in press"
      in  parentheses  following  the  name  of   the  publisher  or
      journal in your citation.

           IARC.  Internatl. Agency  for Research  on Cancer.
           Cadmium and  cadmium  compounds.    IARC  Monogr  (in
           press).

 8.    Use  the short  form of a publisher's name  for  references.

           Cairns J,  Dickson KL.   1979.   Biological methods
           for the assessment  of  water quality.   New York:
           Academic.

 9.    Information from  a manuscript  that  has  been submitted but
      not  yet accepted for  publication  should be cited in the text
      by  the  author's  name  and as  an  unpublished observation:
      (Cairns J,  Dickson KL, unpublished observations).

 10.   Citing  secondary  sources  is  risky  and  is  discouraged;
      however,  if  information  must  be taken  from  a  review,
      abstract,  or other  secondary  source,  cite the  secondary and
      primary sources at the end  of  the sentence  that introduces
      the  information:   (Jones et al.  1977,  as reported  in Smith
      1980).   Alternatively,  cite the secondary source first and,
      in  your discussion,  identify  the author(s)  of the primary
      source   and  the  year  in  which it  was published.   Use the
      following  form in  the References:

          Higashi LS,  Lundeen  M,  Hilti  E,  Seff  K.  1977.
          Crystal and molecular structure of bis(2-pyridine-
          sulfinato)copper(II).    Inorg Chem  16:310-313.
          Reviewed in Chem  Abstr  90:22-31, 63920d.

 11.   Telephone  communications  are  not acceptable as references
      unless   a   follow-up  letter,  memo,   or  transcript  of  the
      details of  the conversation  is available.   (See p.  24 for
      model citations.)
                              17

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Manual
2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
 10.2  CITATIONS IN THE TEXT

 1.   Citations  in  the  text  are  made  by  author   and  date  of
      publication:   (Brill  1977).    Do not  use  a  comma  between
      author  and  date.   If the  author's  name is  a part  of the
      sentence,   give  the date  in    parentheses:    Brill  (1977)
      states  ....

 2.   For  citations in  which  the  author  is  an  agency or  other
      organization, use acronyms with the date:  (USEPA 1976).

 3.   To  cite the  Federal  Register,  use  the following  format:
      ". . . published  in  the FEDERAL REGISTER (43 FR 12661)."

      Foj:_ dual authorship, use  the names of  both  authors  and the
      date:   (Brill and Smith 1978).   For  more  than two authors,
      cite the first author and use et  al.
4.
 6.
     If you  are citing documents  published in the  same  year by
     the same  author,  use "a," "b," etc.,  immediately  after the
     date,  both  in  the  References and  in  the  text  citation:
     (Brill 1977a) (Brill  1977b),  and  (Brill  1976a,  1977b).   Use
     the  first word  of  the title,  not  an  article  (the,  a), to
     alphabetize such  references.

     For secondary references,  cite the author and  date  of  both
     sources in  this  order:   (DuBois 1961,  as  reported  in Doull
     et al. 1980).
 10.3  ABBREVIATIONS ACCEPTABLE FOR USE IN REFERENCES

 The following  abbreviations are acceptable  for  use in reference
 citations:
     Admin.
     Am.
     Assoc.
     Bur.
     Chap.
     Co.
                   Coll.
                   Corp.
                   Dept,
                   Div.
                   Doc.
                   Ed.
Govt.          No.
Inc.           Natl,
Inst.          Proc.
Internatl.     Sch.
Lab. (Labs.)   Univ,
Ltd.           Vol.
                               18

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2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
10.4  MODEL REFERENCE FORMATS

10.5  BOOKS*

APHA.   1971.   Am.  Public Health Assoc.   Standard methods for the
examination  of water and  wastewater,  13th ed.   Washington,  DC:
Am. Public Health Assoc.

Colowick  SP,  Kaplan NO.  1955-1963.   Methods  in enzymology.   6
Vols. New York:  Academic.

Doull J, Klaassen DC, Amdur MO, eds.  1980.  Casarett and Doull's
toxicology.    The  basic science  of  poisons,  2nd ed.  New  York:
Macmillan.

Gehring  PJ,  Watanabe  PG,  Young  JD.    1977.   The  relevance  of
dose-dependent pharmacokinetics in the assessment of carcinogenic
hazards  of  chemicals.    In:   Origins of  human cancer.   Book  A:
Incidence of cancer  in  humans.   Hiatt HH, Watson JD, Winsten JA,
eds.  Cold Spring Harbor,  NY:   Cold Spring Harbor Lab.

Glass   GE.     1973.     Bioassay  techniques  and  environmental
chemistry.  Ann Arbor,  MI:  Ann Arbor Science, 377 pp.

Hamaker  JW.    1972.   Decomposition:   quantitative  aspects.   In:
Organic  chemicals  in the  soil  environment.   Goring CAI, Hamaker
JW, eds.  New  York:  Dekker, pp.  250-340.

IARC.   Internatl. Agency  for  Research  on Cancer.   Cadmium and
cadmium compounds.   IARC Monogr  (in press).

NCHS.    1978.    Natl.   Center  Health Statistics.    Life  tables.
Vital  statistics  of the  United States,  1976, Vol.  II, Sect.  5,
Table  5-2.   Rockville,  MD:  NCHS, U.S.  Dept.  Health,  Education,
and Welfare.

SRI.   1975.   Stanford  Research Institute.   1,1,1-Trichloroethane
(methyl-chloroform).    In:   Chemical  economics  handbook,  1975.
Menlo Park, CA:  'SRI, pp.  44-62.

Wilson  JG,  Fraser F. 1977.  Handbook of  teratology, Vol. 3. New
York: Plenum,  pp.  21-26, 107-115.
 *Use  the  short  form  of  a publisher's  name.
                              19

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2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
 10.6   BOOKS  BETTER KNOWN BY THEIR TITLE

 Merck  Index.   1976.   An encyclopedia  of  chemicals  and  drugs,  9th
 ed. Rahway,  NJ:   Merck.  Monograph No. 3643.


 10.7   COMPUTER PRINTOUT

 USEPA.  1979.   U.S.  Environmental Protection Agency.   Computer
 printout (CICIS):   production statistics  for  chemicals in  the
 nonconfidential  initial TSCA inventory.  Retrieved  Dec. 11,  1979.
 Washington,  DC:    Office  of  Pesticides  and  Toxic  Substances,
 USEPA.

 USOSHA.   1979.    U.S.  Occupational   Safety  and  Health  Admin.
 Computer printout:  establishment report, where certain hazardous
 substances  were  sampled  since  inception.   Washington,  DC:
 USOSHA, U.S.  Dept. Labor.  File No. IN 31909T.


 10.8   CONFERENCES, PROCEEDINGS, AND SYMPOSIUMS (PUBLISHED AND
       UNPUBLISHED)

 Awad   L, DiMenza  L,  Lazar P,  Bonnaud G,  Bignon  J.   1979.   An
 attempt to determine  a  medium-term,  low-dose  exposure indicator
 based  on clinical and  radiological lung modifications.  Symposium
 on the  Biological  Effects of  Mineral Fibres,* Brussels,  Sept.
 25-27, 1979.  Sponsor:    Internatl.  Agency for Res.  on Cancer,
 Lyon,  France.

 Lloyd  JW.    1979.   Cancer  epidemiology.   Paper presented  at  the
 18th   Annual Medical-Legal-Industrial   Symposium, Des  Moines,  IA,
 Nov.   9, 1979.  Sponsor:   Mount  Sinai Medical  Center,  Milwaukee,
 WI.

 Wagner  JC,   Berry  G,  Skidmore  JW.     1977.    Studies  of  the
 carcinogenic  effect  of  fiber  glass  of different diameters
 following  intrapleural  inoculation of  experimental  animals.
 NIOSH  symposium  on occupational exposure to fibrous glass. Univ.
 Maryland,  College Park,  June 24-26, 1974.   Washington, DC:  Natl.
 Inst.  Occupational  Safety  and  Health.  DHEW Pub. NIOSH 76-151.

 Wagoner  J,  Johnson  WM,  Lemen  R.    1973.     Malignant  and
 nonmalignant respiratory  disease  mortality patterns  among
 *Initial caps are used here  to  indicate  that  this  is the official
  title of the symposium as well  as  the subject area.
                            20

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                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING  DOCUMENTS
 asbestos production workers.   In:   Congressional Record,  Senate
 Proceedings  and  Debates   of  the 93rd Congress, 1st sess.,  119,
 pt.  6.  Washington,  DC:   U.S.  Govt.   Printing  Office  Pub.
 S-4660-S-4662.


 10.9  CONGRESSIONAL DOCUMENTS

 U.S. Congress.   1964.  Senate Committee on Commerce.   Conversion
 to metric  system:   hearing on S.  1278,  88th Cong., 2d sess.,  7
 Jan. 1964, p. 58.

 U.S. Congress.   1941.  Senate, Congressional Record, 77th  Cong.,
 1st sess., 1941, 87, pt.  9: 9505.


 10.10  CONTRACTOR REPORTS

 Conway  EJ,  Petersen RJ,  Colingsworth  RF, Craca  JG,  Carter  JW.
 1979.  SRI Internet.  Assessment  of the need  for and character  of
 limitations  on acrylamide and  its  compounds.    Draft  report.
 Washington, DC:   Office  of Pesticides  and Toxic Substances,  U.S.
 Environmental Protection Agency.   Contract 68-01-4308.

 Simmon VF, Riccio ES, Peirce MV.   1979.   SRI  Internat.   In vitro
 microbiological  genotoxicity   assays   of  chlorobenzene.    Draft
 final  report.   SRI  Project LSU-7558.   Washington, DC:   Office  of
 Pesticides  and  Toxic Substances,  U.S. Environmental  Protection
 Agency.  Contract 68-02-2947.


 10.11  DATA SHEET

 Biographies,  Inc.    1965.   Data  sheet:   p-dichlorobenzene.
 Princeton, NJ:   Biographies, Inc.,  p.  10.   AME 20-080.


 10.12  FEDERAL AGENCY AS AUTHOR

 NIOSH.   1976.   Natl.  Inst. Occupational Safety  and  Health.  Cri-
 teria  for  a recommended  standard:   occupational  exposure  to
 cadmium.   Washington, DC:   NIOSH,   U.S. Dept.  Health,  Education,
 and Welfare.  DHEW Pub.  NIOSH  76-192.

 OSHA.   1976.   Occupational Safety  and Health Admin. General in-
 dustry  standards.   Washington,  DC:  OSHA, U.S  Dept. Labor.  OSHA
 Pub. 2206.
                              21

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Manual

2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
 TSCA/ITC.    1978.    Toxic  Substances  Control  Act,  Interagency
 Testing  Committee.   Third report of the TSCA Interagency Testing
 Committee   to  the  Administrator,  U.S.  Environmental  Protection
 Agency.   Washington, DC:   U.S.  Environmental  Protection Agency.
 EPA 560/10-79-001.   PB  293  378.*

 USEPA.   1978  (Oct. 30).   U.S.  Environmental  Protection Agency.
 Office  of  Toxic  Substances.   Second  report of  the Interagency
 Testing  Committee;  receipt  and  request  for  comments.   43  FR
 50630.

 USEPA.   1978.   U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.  Sources of
 atmospheric cadmium.  Draft report.  Research Triangle Park, NC:
 Office  of  Air  and Waste Management, USEPA.

 USEPA.   1979.   U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.  Toxic Sub-
 stances  Control  Act  chemical  substance  inventory,  Vol.  3.
 Washington, DC:   Office of  Toxic  Substances, USEPA.


 10.13  FEDERAL AGENCY AS PUBLISHER

 Dement  JM, Harris RL.   1979.  Estimates of pulmonary and gastro-
 intestinal  deposition  for  occupational  fiber   exposures.
 Washington, DC:    Natl. Inst.  Occupational Safety  and Health,
 Dept. Health,  Education, and Welfare.   DHEW  Pub. NIOSH 79-135.

 Marking  LL, Dawson VK.  1975.  Method for assessment of toxicity
 or efficacy of  mixtures and chemicals.   Investigations in fish
 control  No. 67.   Washington,  DC:  U.S.  Fish  and Wildlife Service,
 Dept. of the Interior.


 10.14  FEDERAL REGISTER

 USCPSC.    1977.   U.S.  Consumer  Product Safety  Commission.    Chil-
 dren's  wearing apparel containing TRIS:   interpretation  as banned
 hazardous substance.  (42 FR 18850).

 USEPA.   1975.   U.S. Environmental  Protection  Agency.  Office of
 Pesticide  Programs.    Pro.posed  guidelines   for  registering
 pesticides in the United States.  (43 FR 50367).
 *A PB number is given to a report when  it  is entered  in  the NTIS
  system.
                             22

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2220.1
                               OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
 USEPA.   1979.   U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.  Office  of
 Toxic  Substances.   Proposed health effects test  standards
 (chronic).   (44 FR  27334) .

 USEPA.   197-7.  Title of section.  44 CFR part and section number.


 10.15  FICHE

 Baner  FT,  Williams   JH.     1968.    Research  on  automatic
 classification,   indexing   and   extracting;  annual   report
 [microfiche] .  Washington, DC:   Information  Systems  Branch,  U.S.
 Office  of  Naval Research, NONR 4456(00).


 10.16  JOURNAL ARTICLES AND MONOGRAPHS*

 Chem Eng  News    1977.    Outlook  for   coal:    bright,  but  with
 problems.   55{7):24.

 Armstrong  RD, Leach LJ,  Belluscio PR,  et  al.    1963.  Behavioral
 changes in the  pigeon  following  inhalation  of  mercury vapor.  Am
 Ind Hyg Assoc J 24:366-375.

 Hammond EC.  1966.   Smoking in relation to the death rates of one
 million men and  women.   In:   Epidemiologic study of  cancer  and
 other chronic diseases.   NCI  Monograph 19.   Bethesda,  MD:   Natl.
 Cancer  Inst.

 IARC.    1978.     Internat.   Agency   for  Research  on  Cancer.
 Monographs  on  the  evaluation  of  the  carcinogenic  risk  of
 chemicals  to humans.  Some N-nitroso compounds.  IARC Monogr Eval
 Carcinog Risk Chem  Man  17:77-78.

 Knight  BAG, Coutts J, Tomlinson TE.   1970.   Sorption  of ionized
 pesticides by soil.  Soc  Chem  Ind  (London) 37:54-62.

 Roller  PC.  1953   Dicentric chromosomes in a rat tumour induced by
 an aromatic nitrogen mustard.  Heredity 6(Suppl):  181-196.
 *Abbreviate  names  of  journals  according  to  the  style  in  the
  Chemical Abstracts  Service Source Index  (CASSI),  available  in
  the TIC.

  Where there are more than six authors, cite the first three and
  use et al.
                            23

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2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING  DOCUMENTS
 10.17   MANUFACTURERS'  LITERATURE

 FMC  Corp.  1977.   Product literature.   Technical data sheets D3-25
 on Kronitex  TXP,  trixylenyl  phosphate.   Effective  Msrch  1977.
 Industrial Chem'ical  Group,  2000  Market  St.,  Philadelphia,  PA
 19103.

 Monsanto  Industrial  Chemicals Co.   (n.d.)*    Product  bulletin:
 Santicizer   141,  2-ethylhexyl  diphenyl  phosphate.    800  N.
 Lindbergh  Blvd.,  St.  Louis,  MO 62166.

 Monsanto  Industrial  Chemicals Co.   (n.d.)*  Technical  bulletin:
 Skydrol 500B LD:    fire  resistant  aircraft  hydraulic  fluids.
 IC/ETP-6.   800 N.  Lindbergh  Blvd., St.  Louis, MO 62166.


 10.18   MEMORANDUMS AND LETTERS

 Levy R.   1980  (May  22).   Survey  and Analysis Div.,  Office of
 Pesticides and  Toxic Substances, U.S.  Environmental  Protection
 Agency, Washington,  DC  20460.  Comparison  of  building asbestos
 levels  grouped by surface  material.   Intra-agency memorandum to
 H. Teitelbaum, Assessment Div.

 Logue  E.   1980  (Mar. 20).   Center  for  Health  Studies, Research
 Triangle Park, NC 43360.   Similarity of L.  Sebastien's asbestos
 air  levels  in  building  data  and  the  data  included   in  J.
 Nicholson's report to NIEHS.  Memorandum  to  C.  Stroup, Survey and
 Analysis Div., Office  of Pesticides  and  Toxic Substances, U.S.
 Environmental Protection Agency,  Washington,  DC.

 Gordon  M.   1980 (Oct. 20).   XYZ Chemical  Corp., City, State,  ZIP.
 Transcribed  telephone  conversation  with  G.  Smith,  Assessment
 Div.,   Office  of   Pesticides  and   Toxic  Substances,   U.S.
 Environmental  Protection  Agency,  Washington,  DC. EPA  C3I Doc.
 Control No. 50-6789403.

 XYZ  Chemical  Corp.  1980 (Feb. 10).   City,  State,  ZIP.  Letter to
 G.  Smith, Assessment  Div.,  Office  of  Pesticides and  Toxic
 Substances, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC
 20460.   EPA CBI Doc.  Control No.  50-1234456.
 rn.d.  = No date
                            24

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2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING  DOCUMENTS
 10.19  PATENTS

 U.S.  Patent

 Barred FJ,  "Knight AR, Mclntyre JS  (inventors),  Dow Chemical Co.
 (assignee).  1972  (Apr.  4).   Epoxidation  process.   U.S. patent
 3,654,317.

 Foreign Patent

 Cooke AN (inventor),  New  Zealand  Inventions Development Authority
 (assignee).  1977  (Mar.   3).   Blood  albumin from  blood,  blood
 serum, or  blood  plasma.   German  (Fed. Rep.) Offenlegungsschrift
 2,537,123.


 10.20  REPORT SERIES

 NCI.    1976.   Natl.   Cancer  Inst.   Carcinogenesis  bioassay  of
 trichloroethane.  Technical Report  Series No. 2.  Washington, DC:
 NCI,  U.S.  Dept.  Health, Education,  and Welfare.


 10.21  SECONDARY REFERENCES

 Du  Bois   KP.    1961.     Potentiation  of  the   toxicity  of
 organophosphorus compounds.  Adv Pest Control Res 4:117-151.  (As
 reported in Doull et  al.  1980)*

 Higashi LS,  Lurideen   M,  Hilti  E,  Seff  K.    1977.    Crystal and
 molecular structure of bis(2-pyridinesulfinato)copper(II).   Inorg
 Chem 16:310-313.   (As reported  in Chem Abstr  90:  22-31,  63920d)


 10.22  SUBMISSIONS  UNDER  TSCA

 Diamond Shamrock Chemical Co.  1978.   TSCA sec. 8(d)  submission
 8DHQ-0978-0297.     Bio/Tox   data  on   chloromethane,  1975.
 Washington, DC:  Office  of  Toxic Substances, U.S.  Environmental
 Protection Agency.  EPA Doc.  Control No.  50-780-000.
 *Notethattheprimaryreference  also  is part of the   reference
  list.
                            25

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2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
 XYZ   Chemical  Co.,  City,  State,   ZIP.  1981.    TSCA  sec.  5(a)
 submission  PMN  81-00.    Washington,  DC:    Office  of  Toxic
 Substances,  U.S.  Environmental Protection  Agency.   EPA CBI Doc.
 Control  No.  50-810-000.*


 10.23  THESIS

 Rafferty NS.   1958.   A study  of  the  relationship  between  the
 pronephros  and   the  haploid  syndrome  in  frog  larvae.     Ph.D.
 dissertation,  Univ.  of  Illinois,  Urbana.


 10.24  TRANSLATIONS

 Translations of  foreign language publications are available from
 the  TIC  in  ISSB.   Fill  out  a  copy  of  the  Translation Service
 Request, p.  51,  and  take  it to the  translations  clerk  in the TIC.

 Citations to translated material take one  of two forms.   If  you
 are   citing  information  from  the  English  translation,  use  the
 following format:

      Degonski  IA.  1977.   A role  of adrenergic structures of
      the central  nervous system  in altering  the  function of
      the hypothalamohypophyseo-adrenal  system  in exogenous
      hyperthermia.    Bull  Eksp  Biol  Med   83:264-266.    (In
      Russian;  English trans.)

 If you are  citing information from a  summary of the material  in
 English, use the  following model:

      Frada G,  Cali V.   1958.   Azione tossica del p-dichlo-
      robenzene.    Folia  Nedica  (Naples)   41:349-355.    (In
      Italian;  summary in English)
 *CBI = confidential business information
                              26

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         Office of
         Toxic
         Substances
Manual
2220.1
                     SOURCES OF  INFORMATION ON STYLE
    11   SOURCES OF INFORMATION ON STYLE

         The following supplemental  sources of  information on  style
    for  writers  of scientific documents  are  available  in the  TIC.
    Other guides from scientific  societies and  journals  can be  used,
    to  the  extent  that  they  do  not  conflict  with  EPA  or  OTS
    specifications.

         Style Manual,  U.S.  Government  Printing Office,  Washington,
    DC.    This  manual  contains  general  editorial  advice  and  the
    Federal   Government's  recommended  style   for   nontechnical
    abbreviations, capitalization, punctuation,  use of numerals,
    hyphenation, etc.   It  can  be  purchased from the Superintendent of
    Documents, U.S. Government Printing  Office, Washington, DC 20402.

         Handbook for Authors  of  ACS Publications.      This manual's
    styleIsrecommendedfortechnical symbols and abbreviations and
    for  its  preferred  spelling  list,  where   you  will  find,  for
    example,  that  "analogue"  is preferred over  "analog."    It  is
    available from the American  Chemical  Society,  1155  16th  St.  NW,
    Washington,  DC 20036.

         CBE Style Manual,  4th ed. ,  1978.   This manual  is published
    for  the  Council  of  Biology  Editors by the  American  Institute of
    Biological Sciences,  1401  Wilson Blvd.,  Arlington, VA 22209.  The
    manual  offers copyediting   information  for various   science
    disciplines, as well  as  traditional  grammar and usage.

         Chemical Abstracts  Service  Source Index (CASSI).  This index
    gives  abbreviations for more  than  80,000  journals  in  the
    chemical, biological,  engineering,  and physical  sciences.   It
    also  provides  other detailed  and  accurate bibliographic  data.
    CASSI  is available from the  National Technical  Information
    Service  (NTIS),  Springfield,  VA 22161, as  order  number  AD 612
    200.

         ASTM Standard for Metric  Practice,, ASTM  E  380-79,  1980.
    This guide  deals with  conversion  of quantities  in  various
    measurement  systems  to  the   International   System  of  Units
    (officially abbreviated  as SI in all languages).   It is available
    from the American Society for Testing and  Materials  (ASTM), 1961
    Race St., Philadelphia,  PA 19103.
Distribution:  OTS-wide                 Initiated by:   ISSB/MSD

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2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
      The Metric  System of Measurement (SI),   LC   1078,   and
      ir red Metric  Units  for General Use  by  the Federal Government,
                                                    of Standards
Preferred rieiL.nj uiu.ua J.UL  \jeneLaj.  use uy  T-iie  reuei
LC1098,areavailablefromtheNationalBureau
U.S. Department.of Commerce,  Washington, DC  20234.

     Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary.    1977.    Springfield,
MA:  G. C. Merriam Company.

     EPA Graphic Standards  System,   1978.     This   document
establishes  and  delineates the  graphic standards  that EPA will
adhere to in all its visual communications.  Copies  are available
from  EPA's  Printing  Management  shop and  the Superintendent  of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,  Washington, DC  20402,
stock number 055-000-00169-3.

     Government Printing and Binding Regulations, Joint Committee
on  Printing,  Congress of the United States, No. 24, April  1977.
This  pamphlet  provides background  information on Government
Printing Office  requirements  concerning  the use   of  color
printing  and  self-mailers  and  printing  requirements  resulting
from  grants  or contracts,  etc.   Copies  are  available from  the
U.S.  Environmental Protection  Agency,  Printing  Management  and
Distribution Section,  Washington, DC 20460.


11.1  METRIC UNITS OF MEASURE

     Use  the modernized metric  system,  i.e., the  International
System  of  Units  (SI),  unless  the  project  officer   specifies
otherwise.   These  units  are given  in the  Handbook  for  Authors of
ACS Publications and  the Metric Practice Guide.Equivalent units
can be expressed parenthetically.  If other than metric units  are
used,  state  the  reason for doing  so  in  a footnote  at  the  first
nonmetric measure and include a conversion table in  the document.
Units of measure must be consistent throughout a document   (i.e.,
do  not use °F and °C, or kilograms and pounds, interchangeably in
the same document.


11.2  ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

     Acceptable  general  abbreviations  can  be  found  in  the
Government Printing Office Style Manual;  technical  abbreviations
can  be  found in  the  appropriate  reference  documents for  the
particular subject area involved.  (See also section 18.2  in this
manual.)
                            28

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2220.1
                                OTS  MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
      Give  the  abbreviation  or  symbol  for  an  uncommon  or
 specialized  term  in  parentheses where  it  first  appears  in the
 text.  Thereafter,  use  only  the  abbreviation or  symbol.

      Define  the  audience  for  each  document.   Consider  the
 difficulty the audience may  have in defining or  understanding the
 abbreviations  and symbols used.   If  listing them alphabetically
 and defining  them  in an appendix  will aid  the  audience,  do so.
 Arrange abbreviations in two  columns  when  the list exceeds more
 than one page.

      See  the  list  of   abbreviations  acceptable in  reference
 citations on p.  18 of this manual.


 11.3  TRADE  AND MANUFACTURERS' NAMES

      Any  use  of  trade or  manufacturers'   names  in  a document
 should be brought to  the attention of  the project  officer and the
 approving official before  a  document is cleared  for publication.

      Trade names  (Cellosolve,  Vaseline)  end  variety  names (Red
 Radiance  rose)  are capitalized.   The common  nouns  that  follow
 trade names are  not  capitalized (rose).   Consult the reference
 materials cited in this manual  for trade  names.
                              29

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,  „ '.Officeof
USEZJ Toxic
\L^^^^P  o..u~*~
                                                      Manual
                                                      2220.1
          Substances
                    STANDARD COMPONENTS  IN  A DOCUMENT
    12   STANDARD COMPONENTS IN A DOCUMENT

         Guidelines  for  writing  and  using  traditional  elements in
    documents  are  provided  in this  section.    Those  elements  that
    pertain to your document should appear  in the order given here:
          Front Matter.
          Text.
          Back Matter
                           Title page (see  sample,  p.  42)
                           Back of title page  (disclaimer page)
                           Foreword
                           Preface
                           Contents
                           List of figures
                           List of tables
                           Acknowledgment
                           Abstract or Executive  Summary

                           Introduction
                           Body of document

                           References
                           Appendix(es)
                           Documentation Page
    12.1  FRONT MATTER

         Front matter is a document's opening, or preliminary,  pages.
    It  includes  the  title  page  and  other  pages  that  explain  the
    content and purpose  of the text.  These pages  are numbered  with
    lower-case Roman numerals;  the  title page  is  always  page  i.   OTS
    reports with a special format may not need this traditional front
    matter material.

         Foreword.   A  foreword  is  an  introductory  statement  that
    points out  the  value,  significance,  and  impact  of a  document.   A
    foreword is written and  signed by someone other than  the author.
         When  a foreword  is used,  it  appears on  a new  right-hand
    page
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                                30  Initiated by:   ISSB/MSD

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2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
      Preface.   The  preface,   which  is  written  by  the  author,
 should  include  the  reasons  the  document was  prepared and  any
 limitations  encountered  in studying  its  subject.   Because  the
 preface is written by the author,  it  is unsigned.

      When a  preface  is used,  it  follows  the  foreword  on  a  new
 right-hand page.

      Contents Page.  The contents  page begins on a new right-hand
 page.  Although front matter is not part  of  the text,  it is part
 of the document and should be included in the contents page.

      The  contents  page also  contains the main headings of  the
 document  and  the  pages on which  they  appear (use dot  leaders).
 Significant subheads (indented and subordinated) can  be  included.

      A short  overrun  onto the following  page  can be avoided  by
 using  a  single space  between  major  headings.   Omit a  contents
 page in a document that has fewer  than 50 pages.

      Acknowledgment.    Limit  the acknowledgment  to key  personnel
 and organizations that have aided or  contributed to  the document
 in a major way.  Use simple,  formal,  and concise language.   Avoid
 such expressions as  "wish to  thank";  simply do  so.   Ordinarily,
 supporting staff work is not included in the acknowledgment.

      Abstract/Executive Summary.   The abstract  and/or  executive
 summary is a synopsis of  the contents  in  a document  that gives a
 reader  the  essence  and  significance  of  the   material  in  the
 document.    There  are  two  abstract,  or   summary,  styles.    The
 informative abstract  is  a  concise  summary of all  significant
 points in the text; it gives conclusions.  (The  informative style
 is required  on  the  OTS Document Clearance Form  and  is  the  style
 recommended for use in OTS.)

      The  indicative  (descriptive)  abstract  generally  is limited
 to between  200 and  250 words; it gives,  in a  narrative,  facts
 about what will be read  in the  text.   The abstract used as front
 matter may contain up to 450 words.


 12.2  TEXT

      Introduction.  In  the  introduction  the author  gives  back-
 ground  information  necessary  to  understanding  the  document  and
 describes its purpose and scope.  The introduction sets the stage
 for the text proper and for conclusions and  recommendations.
                            31

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Manual
2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
      A formal introduction may not ~<- e*u.._ ~*. -^^*.  ^^.^  u^^u....
 in   some  cases,  this  information,   along  with  conclusions
 recommendations,  will be part of  a
           not be part of all OTS documents;
                along  with  conclusions  and
              document's special format.
      Body of Document.    The  text and  format  of  the  documents
 prepared in OTS vary.  General format specifications  are given on
 p.  33.


 12.3  BACK MATTER

      References.  The references immediately follow the text,  and
 the  page  numbers  follow   the  text  consecutively.    (The  OTS
 reference style appears on pp. 16-26  in this manual.)

      Appendix.   An appendix begins on a new right-hand  page.   An
 appendix  can   contain  supplementary  illustrative  material,
 original data,  or quoted material  (a  Federal Register  notice,  for
 example) that is  too lengthy  to be incorporated  into  the  text or
 that is generally relevant but not essential to understanding  the
 text.

      The  title  and  subtitle  of  an  appendix  should  follow  the
 appendix  designation (for  example,  "Appendix  A.   Abbreviations
 and Symbols Used in CAS Publications").
      List all  appendixes  in the  contents
 pages consecutively following the text.

      Report Documentation Page.
                      page  and  number their
 (Optional Form 272,
 all EPA published reports.
	    The Report  Documentation Page
Department of Commerce)  is  the last page  in
        (See  p.  46 in  this manual.)
                               32

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     Office of
   ! Toxic
     Substances
                                                     Manual
                                                     2220.1
     FORMAT SPECIFICATIONS FOR DRAFT AND FINAL DRAFT REPORTS



13   FORMAT SPECIFICATIONS FOR DRAFT AND FINAL DRAFT REPORTS

13.1  TYPING

     Draft manuscripts must be  typed  double spaced, on one  side
only, on  8  1/2-  by 11-inch  heavy-duty white  bond  paper.    The
recommended typeface is 10-pitch Courier.   Double space all copy.
Leave a liberal margin of at least 1 inch,  allowing  an  image  area
of 6 1/2 by 8 7/8 inches, not including the page numbers.

     Final  draft  documents  must  be  typed  single  spaced as
camera-ready copy for the printer.  Use a  new carbon  ribbon  for
the  text  and black ink  for  signatures and other markings.    The
copy should  be dark  enough  so that it can  be  reproduced  but  not
so heavy that the letters will fill in.

     The type size for tabular material, callouts,  illustrations,
charts,  graphs,  tables,  etc., must be no  smaller than 6 points
(approximately 1/16  of  an  inch)  and  no  larger  than  10 points
(approximately 1/9 of an inch).


13.2  PAGE NUMBERING

     Always number the pages in a document.  Except  for the  title
page, counted as  page  i  but  not indicated,  number  all  front
matter   (the   material   that   precedes   the   Introduction)
consecutively,  with lower-case  Roman  numerals.   Page  numbers
always are centered at the bottom of the page.

     The  first  page of  the  body  of   the  document   (usually  the
Introduction) begins on a right-hand page and is numbered  page 1.
Except where  space is  a consideration, the  first  page  of
major  section also  begins  on  a  new  right-hand  page  and
assined the next odd-number in the numberin  seu'ence.
major  section  also  begins  on  a   new  right-hand  pa
assigned the next odd-number in the numbering sequ'ence,
                                                                 each
                                                                   is
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2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
 13.3   ORDER OF HEADINGS

 I.  ALL CAPS UNDERLINED

    A.   Indented,  Initial Cap,  Underlined

         1.   Same as Af  indented further

             a.  Same as 1, indented further

                 (1)  Same as 1, indented further

                      Fifth-Order Heading.   Initial  cap,  under-
 lined,  runs into the text.


 13.4   FOOTNOTES

      Insert footnotes at  the bottom of  the page  of  text  to which
 they  refer.   Type footnotes flush  with the  left margin,  at  the
 bottom of  the page; separate  them from the  text  with  a  2-inch
 horizontal  line.  Use the asterisk  series  of  footnotes:  *, f » t '
 §.  Footnotes are typed single  spaced.


 13.5   LISTS

      Displayed List.  Information that  needs  to be  set apart from
 the  text because, it is  of  special significance to  a discussion
 can  be  arranged  in  a  numbered, displayed  list.   Do not  use  a
 displayed list for fewer than three items.

      Each item  in a displayed  list  is  followed  by  a semicolon,  a
 semicolon and  the word "and" follow the penultimate  item  in  the
 list,  and a period follows the  final item:

               (1)	
               (2) 	
               (3) 	     	
              (4)
              (5)
and
      Bullets can be used in place of numbers if desired.
                           34

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2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
      Run-in List.   Number and run into a sentence of text no more
 than fouritems of  information  that  need  particular emphasis but
 that do  not need  the special  visibility of  a displayed  list.
 When there are  more than  four items,  use a displayed list.

      A run-in list is not suitable for items  of length.


 13.6  MATHEMATICAL AND CHEMICAL FORMULAS

      Prepare mathematical or chemical formulas with care, using a
 machine or  transfer-type composition  when available.   Chemical
 structures should  be drawn with a template.

      Treat short,  simple, and unnumbered equations  as part  of the
 text.  When possible,  type  simple fractions  on the  line:   e.g.,
 l/(a + b) , not I/a +  b or ^+5 ;  the diagonal  line and parentheses
 eliminate ambiguity.   An equation  (or  formula)   that  requires
 special symbols, positioning, or brackets should be centered on a
 line by itself, with  equal spacing (e.g.,  1  1/2  lines)  above and
 below.

      Define,   the  first time   it  is  used,   each  term   in  a
 mathematical expression.   Equations  that are a part  of  a  series
 or  are  referred  to   in  the  text  are  given consecutive  Arabic
 numerals.   Each equation  number is enclosed in parentheses  at the
 right-hand margin  on  the last  line  of  the  equation.   Equations
 within appendixes  are numbered in a manner  consistent  with the
 appendix letter,  such as  A-l, B-2, etc.
                            35

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         I Toxic
           Substances
Manual
2220.1
                                 FIGURES
    14   FIGURES

         Figures contribute to the text when they  emphasize,  clarify,
    or summarize data.   In selecting figures for your document,  ask
    yourself whether a figure is really needed,  is in the  medium  best
    suited to your purpose,  and will survive any  necessary  reduction
    in size and still reproduce well.

         When  a  figure explains  the  text,  insert   the  figure  on  a
    separate page following the text where  it  is first mentioned.   If
    a figure is merely a collection of data, insert  it at the end  of
    the text in an appendix.

         Numbering.    Use  consecutive  Arabic numerals to number
    figures  (i.e., Figure  1,  Figure 2, etc.).   To designate  figures
    in an appendix, use the  appendix letter with  the appendix figure
    number  (i.e.,  Figure  A-l, Figure  B-5).    When  referring  to  a
    figure  in  the text,  spell out  the word  "Figure" and  use  its
    numerical designation,  e.g., Figure 1.  (See  sample, p. 38.)

         Labeling.   Labels on  the  abscissa and  ordinate in graphs
    should be  consistent  with the  wording  in  the text.   Capitalize
    only the first letter of  the  first word in  the label.   As far  as
    it  is  practical  to do so, place  wording  horizontally within  a
    figure  and  near  the  component  being  identified.   Avoid  using
    excessive  wording  in  a   figure;  for example,   in a  diagram  of
    apparatus, use abbreviations  or a  code of letters  or  numbers for
    descriptors and  identify them  in  a  subcaption   (see  Figure  2  in
    Sample K).  Lettering  should  be done with a lettering set and in
    high contrast to the figure.

         Captions.  Use a brief, descriptive caption for  each figure.
    A caption  should  be  typed single  spaced in 10-pitch  Courier and
    centered beneath  the  figure,  following  the figure number.    The
    caption  should  give  sufficient  information to   make  each  figure
    intelligible when  it is  isolated  from  the  text.   Capitalize the
    first letter of the first word  and any  proper nouns  and chemical
    or  mathematical  symbols  that  usually  are  capped.    Close  the
    caption with a period.
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                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
      Figure  Placement.  When   a  figure   is   wider  than   the
 manuscript page, place  it sideways, centering it within the image
 area so  that  the  top  of  the  figure  is  to the  reader's  left.
 Reduce  oversized  illustrations  horizontally  or  vertically within
 the  image  area.     Crop  or  mask  photographs   to  eliminate
 insignificant details.  Do  not tape, glue, or staple figures to a
 page.
                            37

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        Figure  1.   Components  of  a  partition  analysis
                                         M
Figure 2.  Schematic diagram of a kiln.  A, Emergency stack;
B, crossover duct; C, feed hood; D, ram snouts; E, kiln flights;
F, kiln spikes; G, combustion air bustle; H, kiln lead burner
and combustion fan inlet; I, refuse combustion air fan inlet?
J, fire hood; K, kiln heatup burner and combustion fan inlet;
L, sight port; M, optical pyrometer; N, access door; 0, 9-inch
castable refractory.  (Source:  Helmsetter and Haverland
1978, p. 10.)

                                38

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T. Office of
I Toxic
  Substances
                                                     Manual
                                                     2220.1
                                 TABLES
    15   TABLES

        For  ease  in  reading  and  consistency  of  format,  simplify
    tables as much as possible.  The Government Printing Office Style
    Manual  or  the  CBE  Style Manual  can  be  helpful  to writers
    preparing tables.

        Format.  When a  table explains the text, insert the table on
    a  separate  page following the text where  it  is  first mentioned.
    If  a  table  is an assembly of data,  insert it at the  end  of  the
    text, in an appendix.  Use 10-pitch Courier.

        Numbering.  Use  consecutive Arabic numerals to number  tables
    (i.e.,  Table  1, Table  2).   To  designate  tables  in  appendixes,
    include  the  appendix letter  with  the table  number  (e.g.,  Table
    A-l, Table B-2).

        Captions.  Place  a  brief,  descriptive  caption   above  each
    table after  its number; center  the caption over  the  table.   Use
    upper-  and   lower-case  letters  in  the  caption   (capitalize
    prepositions  of five  or  more  letters).    Do  not use  a  closing
    period unless the caption  is a complete sentence.

        When  a  table  is wider than  the manuscript page, place  it
    sideways  (see  sample, p.  41).  When  a  table  is  continued  on  two
    or  more pages,  insert the word "Table," the table number,  and  the
    word  "(continued),"  but  not the  table  caption, on  subsequent
    pages:   e.g.,  Table  4  (continued).   Repeat the  column headings,
    with rules, on each page; close the table on its last page  with a
    solid bottom rule.

        Column Heads.  Capitalize the first  word of  each column  and
    insert units  of measurement,  when  applicable, in parentheses,  at
    the end of  the  heading  (see sample,  p. 41).  To  keep space to a
    minimum,  abbreviate  words  in column  headings  according  to
    "Abbreviations  and  Symbols  Used   in  CAS  Publications,"  section
    18.2 in this manual.

        Blank Entries  in a Column.   When data are  not given,  insert
    "NG"  in  the  column  entry place.  Define  NG in  a footnote  to  the
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2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
 table:  *NG  =  not given.   Use  the same technique  for  data that
 are not available (NA) or  not  applicable  (NA), or  if  a certain
 animal or  dose was not tested (NT).

      Footnotes.  Use  lower-case  superscript   letters  for  table
 footnotes.   Assign them  consecutively,  in normal  reading  order
 (across the  table  and  from top to bottom).   Place  any footnotes
 below the  solid rule that ends the body of the table.

      Printouts.  Computer  printouts  for  electronically tabulated
 data must show a  clear,  black-white  contrast  and not contain any
 gray or broken type or horizontal print bars.
                             40

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15.1   SAMPLE  TABLE

                     Table 1.  Acute LD5Q After  Ip Administration of  1,1,1-Trichloroethane to Mice and Rats
Species
Mouse
Mouse
Mouse
Mouse
Mouse
Rat
Dog
Strain
Albino
(Princeton)
Swiss-
Webster
Swiss-
Webster
Swiss-
Webster
CP-1 Swiss
derived
Sprague-
Dawley
Mongrel
No. /group Composition of Vehicle
and sex test material
10, M Commercial grade Peanut oil
10, M Analytical grade Corn oil
>99% pure Corn oil
50, P Center cut fraction Corn oil
(total) (<0.5% impurities)
Not Not given Corn oil
given, M
5-10, M Analytical graded'£ Corn oil
2-3, M,P Analytical graded'C Corn oil
LDSO
(moles/kg) a
0.12°
(0.095-0.016)
0.038e
(0.031-0.045)
0.019
0.0356
(0.032-0.038)
0.03C
(0.026-0.034)
0.038e
(0.033-0.042)
0.0316
Reference
Plaa et al. (1958)
Klaassen and Plaa
Takeuchi (cited in
1976)
Gehring (1968)
Priestley and Plaa
Klaassen and Plaa
Klaassen and Plaa


(1966)
NIOSH

(1976)
(1969)
(1967)
?In the reference, values were given in mill illters/kilogram.
 The compound was administered subcutaneously to this  group of mice.
,10-day observation period.
 Impurities:  0.5% nitromethane,  0.2% trichloroethylene,  0.2%  tetrachloroethylene by weight.  Inhibited with 1.8%   dioxane
by weight.
-24 hr after dosing.
 The composition is not stated explicitly in  the report.   It  is  assumed that  it was the same material tested in the  1966
report with mice because these are essentially species-comparison studies.

-------
                                          16   SAMPLE  TITLE  PAGE
 Supplied by the OPTS Publications
   Office (ISSB)

 Limit title to 10 or lewcr words
For in-house documents, list author
(wnhout degrees or titles) and division
for IAGS, list authors (without
degrees or titles) as they appear on
Optional I-orm 272, Department
of Commerce, block 7, together with
their organizational name and location

r-or IAGS or contrails, add appropriate
extramural or contract number

For contract reports, list authors
(without degrees or titles), as they
appear on Optional I-orm 272,
Department ot Commerce, block  7
Do not use a contractor's
organizational name or location,
except lor reports to the Congress *

 For contract or IAG, give project officer
 (without degree or title), the division,
 and the office name and address
When a public organization originates
the document in cooperation with CPA,
give that information several spaces
below the project officer's name
and address

This study was conducted
   in cooperation with

   Occupational Safety and
   Health Administration
   200 Constitution Avc , NW
   Washington. DC 20210

It an EPA study was performed
tor another governmental agency,
add

   Prepared lor
Consumer Product Safety
      Commission
5401 Westbard Ave
Bethesda, MD  20207
                       EPA  Report Hunter
                       Month and Year of Publication
          TITLE (ALL CAPS. CENTERED)
           Subtitle (if applicable)
                 Author!B)
                  Division
       Oak Ridge National Laboratory
           Oak  Ridge.  TN  37630
                                                              Number
           • Project Officer(s)
                 Division
       Office of Toxic Substances
         Washington, DC  20460
                             • •»
                               I
OFFICE OF PESTICIDES AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES
  U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
         WASHINGTON, DC  20460
Publisher's full name always appears
on title page, with city, state, and
zip code
*Ncw OMB guidelines require the provision of the following information on the cover page of reports
 to the Congress' name and business address 
-------
17      SAMPLE  OTS  FORMS  USED IN  PREPARING  DOCUMENTS  FOR  REVIEW  AND
         DISTRIBUTION
17.1   OTS  DOCUMENT  CLEARANCE  FORM
  1.  Title of Document
No. pages
                                                2. OTS Author/Project Officer (PO)
                                                2a. Signature of Author/PO
                                                                     3. Date of Draft
                                                           2b. OTS Branch/Division
  4. Type of Document
                                  In-House
                                Extramural
                2c. Telephone Number
2d.  Extramural Originator
  5. Doei the document contain copyrighted material?

        Yes D    No LJ

  5a.  If yes. has permission been granted for use of ajl
      copyrighted or otherwise restricted material?*


        Ye, D    No D

  •Attach copies of permission letters to this form.
                                                 2e. Document Completion Date
                                                                                     2f. Extramural I.D No
                6.  Publisher
                                               7. Distribution
                8.  Abstract1 Overview, list of principal findings
                   and/or conclusions, relationship of document
                   to EPA activity
 9. Reviewer(s)
                                Affiliation
                                              Date
                    11. Approvals
                                                     11 a. OTS Branch Chief
                                                     lib. OTS Division Director
                                                     12. Policy
                                                        Issues
                                                 Signature
                                                 Signature
                                        13. Impact
                                           Issues
                 Date

                   /   /
                 Date

                   /   /
     14. Press
        Release
                                                     15. Office Manager. OTS. Signature (if appropriate)
                                                                                                       Date
 10. Editor
                     16. EPA Report Number
                                                    43

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 Manual	

 2220.1	

	OTS MANUAL FOR  PREPARING DOCUMENTS

 17.2  INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING  BLOCKS  1-15 OF OTS CLEARANCE
       FORM

        Block

        1.  Type or print the document's full title,  which  is  not
            to  exceed  10   words.    Include  a  subtitle,   if
            applicable, and  the  number  of  pages.

        2.  Type  or  print  the  name  of  the document's  in-house
            author or  the name of the project officer (PO)  on  the
            contract.  If a  document  has more than one author,  use
            the name of the  first author.

       2a.  Signature of author  or  PO.

       2b.  Use acronyms, e.g.,  TRDB/AD.

       2c.  Your office telephone number.

       2d.  If you are the PO, give  the name of the contractor or
            the  agent of  cooperative  agreement,  interagency
            agreement  (IAG), or  memorandum of understanding.

       2e.  The month and year the  final draft  of the document was
            completed.  This date appears  on  the title page.

       2f.  For example,  a  contract  or IAG  number.   This  number
            generally  appears on the  title page.

        3.  The date the draft was  submitted  to the branch chief.

        4.  For example,  a   support  document,  a  Phase  I  report.
            Was the  document prepared  in-house  or  extramurally?
            Check one.

            Routine   documents   include   those   prepared   for
            comprehensive  assessment  and  priority assessment
            plans,    support   documents,   rules,   preambles,
            transcripts  of   public   meetings,   reports   from
            cooperative  agreements  and   lAGs,  memorandums  of
            understanding, and contractors'  reports.

            Special   documents  include  those  prepared  for  a
            specific  user audience,  usually at the  request  of a
            high-level  agency  official  (e.g.,  problem-oriented
            reports, operations manuals).
                             44

-------
Manual

2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
           Other  documents  include  bibliographies,  conference  or
           workshop proceedings, and  papers  for  journals,  books,
           oral presentations, and/or conferences.

        5.  If   the  document  contains   information  requiring
           permission  for  use,   check  "yes."    Attach  all
           permission  letters  to  the  Document  Clearance  Form.
           For  guidance,  consult the discussion of  copyright  in
           this manual beginning on p. 12.

       5a.  If permission has been granted for all copyrighted and
           otherwise restricted materials, check "yes."

        6.  Is   the  document  to  be  published  by  EPA   or   a
           contractor; is it to appear in a book or journal?

        7.  Who  will distribute the published material and in what
           quantity?

        8.  Summarize the  topic  of  the document,  highlighting the
           key  concepts.    List  the  principal  findings  and/or
           conclusions and,  when possible,  explain their bearing
           on  specific  OTS  policy,  action,  or  other areas  of
           responsibility.   (Attach any additional abstract pages
           to  the Document  Clearance  Form.)   The  same  abstract
           can  be  used  on  the  Report  Documentation  Page  (See
           sample,  section 17.3, p. 46).

     9-10.  Type  or  print  the  name  and affiliation  of each
           revi'ewer and  the editor and the date of review.

    11-15.  Type   or  print  the   names  of  the  branch  chief and
           division director  in the  appropriate  slots;  they are
           to  sign and  date  the form  when  they  complete  their
           review.   The  division  director,  after  deciding  (a)
           whether a  document  reflects  policy  and/or  impact
           issues and  thus  should  go  on  to. the  DAA  and  (b)
           whether a  press  release would  be  in  the  public
           interest, will check  the appropriate boxes.

       16.  The  Publications  Office  staff in ISSB  will assign  an
           EPA  Report Number  upon  receipt of  a  completed OTS
           Document Clearance Form.
                              45

-------
  17.3       REPORT   DOCUMENTATION    PAGE
II  iMIBBHVOlSWIIfM
IS !••»
                                                                           •  A^O-
                                                                           u »,»>«

OMKMM. FOHM 179 M-
                                                                                                                    17.4     INSTRUCTIONS  FOR COMPLETING  THE

                                                                                                                                  REPORT   DOCUMENTATION  PAGE
                                                                                                            17 «  INSTRUCTIONS FOB  COMPLETING THE REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE

                                                                                                                          DO NOT PRINT THESE INSTRUCTIONS AS A PAGE IN A REPORT
                                                                                                                                                       INSTRUCTIONS
                                                                                                            Optional Form 272  Repon Documentation Page is based on Guidelines lor Format and Production Qi Scieniihc jno T«nnicji
                                                                                                            Reports ANSI ZM Ifl-1974 available Irom American National Standaras Institute  "30 Broadway N«* fon> N«» VOM lOOlB
                                                                                                            Eacn separately bouna report - for eiampte each volume m » mutnvoiume MI - snail na*e us unique Reoon Documentation
                                                                                                            Page

                                                                                                             1  Report Number Each individually bound report snail carry a unique alphanumeric designation assigned By mt petlormmg
                                                                                                                organization o> proviaed  by  in* sponsoring orginnaiion m  accordance «un American National Standard ANSI
                                                                                                                29923-1974  Tecnmcai Repon Number iSTRN) For registration 01 report cooe contact  NTIS Repon Nwmbr>i
                                                                                                                Clearinghouse Springfield V* 22i6l UM uppercase letters Arabic numerals  siasnes  ana nvpnens oni,  it m me
                                                                                                                following e-antplM FASEEUNS-7Sfir ana FAAIRO-7&/09

                                                                                                             2  Leave Dtann

                                                                                                             3  Recicwnt s Aceestion Number Regeraed lot us* Dy *Kn report  iec me specific volume

                                                                                                             5  Rapori 0«ie Eacn report snail carry a daie indicating u teaai monin and year indicate in« u»ia on .men u •«» tei«.m
                                                                                                                le g date o> isiue date oi approval due oi prepar«>on date pubtrshed)

                                                                                                             6  Sponsoring Agency Code  LM«* Manh

                                                                                                             7  Authonu Give named) m conventional txoer ie g  Jonn R Doe ex j Aobwt Doei Lm autnor» atdiianon ii n aiders trom
                                                                                                                ine perrorming organization

                                                                                                             8  Perlormina Organuaiion Repori Numbti Insen il perlorming organKano
                                                                                                                                                                          •iaf«i to assign inn number
                                                                                                             9  Perlorming Organiuiion Name ana Hailing Aod>«s Give name tueei city Stale ana ZIP code List no moie man two
                                                                                                                iev«s ol an oroamtanonai Hierarchy  Display tna name of the organisation eiactiy as it VKMid appear m Qovemmeni
                                                                                                                •noeiei sucn as Government Repons Announcemenis i indei IGRA A U

                                                                                                             to  Project'Task/wort Unit Numpef  Use IM preieci task ana «MXk unn nurnbers unaer «mcn the rept, t *as prewea

                                                                                                             tl  ConiraciiGrani Number insert contract or gram number under •(ncn repon was prepared

                                                                                                             i?  Sponsorine Agency Name and M*nng Address include ZIP code die main sponsors

                                                                                                             13  Type ol Repori and Period Covered Sitie mienm final  etc  and it applicable inclusive dates

                                                                                                             14  Pertoiming Oroanitanon Code Leave blank

                                                                                                                                                                  e but uselui sucn as  Prepared m cooperanon .im
                                                                                                             15  Supplementary Notes Enter mfoonation not included
                                                                                                                Tranuaiion ol  Presented ai conference or   To be putMigned n
                                                                                                                                                                         When a report is revised  include a iiiiemem


                                                                                                             16  ADstiact tnciuoe a brief (200 •ofdi 01 lessl factual sumnary ol the mosi s«nilicant ini&rmation contained m me repon n
                                                                                                                the report contains a significant btbuograpnv or literature survey  mention n nere

                                                                                                             17  Document Analysis lai Descriptors Select Irom in* Tneuuful of Engineering ana Scientific Terms the proper auirwiieu
                                                                                                                terms mat identify me maior concept ol me teuwcn and are sulhcienily ipecilic and precise to be usea as indei entr.*s

                                                                                                                in  identifiers and Open Enovd Terms UM idenniiers fpr proreci names code names equipment aesignatois etc use
                                                                                                                open ended terms written in descriptor 'oim for those subiecis for wriicti no descriptor eitsis
                                                                                                                tci  COSATi Frerd'G'oup FieW ana Group aMtgnmenit are to be laken fiom me 1964 COSAli Subtect Category List Since
                                                                                                                me maioriiy o> oocumenis are mulndnciplinarv in naiuie  me primary FieidfGroup assiflnmentisi *i" be me specific
                                                                                                                disciiMine area oi human endeavor or type of physical obiect  Tne appucanomsi *.n be cioss ielerenced *nn seconnari,
                                                                                                                FieiarGioup assignments mat wil loiiow me primary posnngcsi

                                                                                                             18  dsif ibuiion Staiemeni Denote public retMsabmiy lor example Release unlimited  or limitation for IMSOHS omer m«n
                                                                                                                security Cite any aMarianiiiv to the puHie «rtn address oroer number and price il known

                                                                                                             19  ft 20  Security  Classification  Enter US  Security  Ciassi1.cat.on  m accordance  *nn US  Secufnv Reguuncms
                                                                                                                He UNCLASSIFIED)

                                                                                                             2t  Number oi pages insert me total numeci of pagev including miiooucior* pages but ••dueling a>sir>bunon iisi  n paper copy (PC) andfor miciolicne |MF) .1 known

-------
17.5     REVIEW  COVER  SHEET
                            UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION  AGENCY
                                               WASHINGTON.  D C   20460
      9  Reviewer's general comments (attech additional theeti if necessary)
                                                                         OFFICE OF PC5TICIDCS ANU 1OKIC 5UHSI
                                                                      Dale lent to reviewer.
       1  Reviewer	  Tel no

       2  Document title	
       3  OTS author/proiect officer	  Tel no

       4  OTS branch and division	_	

       5  Type of document	
       6 Stnui of draft	Oate of draft.

       7 OTS information coordinator	Tel no 	

       8 Any specific instructions to reviewer	
       10 Reviewer'• signature	  Oate .
                                                      47

-------
Manual

2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
 17.6  INSTRUCTIONS FOR USING THE REVIEW COVER SHEET

 Date sent to reviewer:

 The author  of  a  document dates  this  cover  sheet on  the  day the
 manuscript goes to a reviewer.


      Author:

         1.  Print  or  type  the  name  of the  reviewer  and  the
             daytime number at which he/she can be reached.

         2.  Print  or  type   the   title   of  the  document  to  be
             reviewed.

       3-4.  Print or type your name, office telephone number, and
             branch and division in OTS.

         5.  Examples of  types of  documents  are a Phase  I report,
             the bibliography for a literature search, a speech.

         6.  Is  the  document  a   preliminary  draft   or  a  final
             report?    When  was  this  version   of   the  document
             completed?

         7.  Print  or  type  the  name  of your  branch information
             coordinator.

         8.  Use  this  space  for  instructions  to  the  reviewer:
             e.g.,  any areas  in  a report  to which you  want a
             particular  reviewer   to  give special  attention;   the
             date by which you need the document  reviewed.


      Reviewer:

         9.  The  reviewer  uses  this  space for  comments,  which  may
             run onto additional pages.

        10.  Reviewer's signature  and  the date of  his/her  review.
                             48

-------
17.7   PERMISSION FORM,  JOURNAL
               •JNITEO STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCV
       III   MAI(HIA( QuOTfO
           17.8   PERMISSION  FORM,  BOOK
                                                                 UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACENCV
                                                                         WASHINGTON O C 20*tO

                                                            TiwO"i» I'Hiuvii iq *a** mm in iiw U 5 C
                                                            •H.CP. .,11 B* '.vntwH) •« tun h. Hll$
                                                 49

-------
Manual

2220.1
                                OTS MANUAL FOR PREPARING DOCUMENTS
 17.9   DIRECTIONS FOR PREPARING  OTS  COPYRIGHT PERMISSION FORMS

      Complete items  1-3  before you send a permission  form  to a
      copyright owner:

 (1)   Describe  the  type of  document  in  which  the  requested
      material will  appear:     e.g.,  Phase  I  report or  support
      document,  and its title.

 (2)   Specify the  parts  of  the  text you want to  quote.   Provide
      the  opening  and  closing  phrases  of  the  quoted  text,
      inserting  an  ellipsis  between  the  phrases.   The  page
      number(s)  for each quote  should  follow the closing phrase.

      If you are asking  permission  to  reproduce  a figure, table,
      or other  illustration,  give  the  numerical  designation and
      caption or title used in  the original  text (e.g.,  Figure 1.
      Metabolic pathway.).

 (3)   The information requested  here is  self-explanatory.

 (4)   The  copyright  owner  will  sign  and   date  the  form  (and
      reproduce it  for  his  or  her  files).   The  copyright holder
      can indicate on the form  any fee that  is involved.
                             50

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17.10   RECEIPT OF MANUSCRIPT FOR PRINTING
             Receipt of Manuscript
                   for Printing
     Title
     EPA no
     Project officer

     No pages	
    No pieces original art .

    Cover art C]
     Received by
Spine D

Date of receipt
               *'«.
     17.11   TRANSLATION SERVICE  REQUEST
TRANSLATION SERVlCC REQUEST
fflmmtm <*•« f ft* ia«iiwcliwit •*!••>
'•OH f»». Or|MI«*IM •»••• •M»taM»*«

IOU»»L ritLi
KM* •uil'»»f«
•UTHQH
L*MOu*ai ••£•!
POBIIfiB TIlLl
vOkiiM |»>ati B«*f
••Oil l*Tf
>eu*ci o» eiT»Tio*
(•CCI'b ••QUI»tHI>TB
INSTRUCTIONS
1 Ce^lM* • Mpwvtt R«qit« Fora (or rack lira lutaincd to to ti«iil«*d AU«ch EPA For* 1900-»/Pr«:i»r»*rr
Kmtf^wt) wnb • (wdi cmuflcHioa u eovvr ito MtiB««d CMI of tto tiMilMiea nqMttvd
2. Tto 'ompi wi«ia*l stovld to •atounotf i* di«lic«» OngiMli will MI to mined uoliM •M«i'i=*Jl> rtquctitd
3 Fofvwd Ito Riqacil Fom. Ito PronmMt R«qM«t wd lh» on|iaili w to tniulittd te
U S Cavimurail PraiMtioa AgMcy
€••!•! TraaslMien ProfTMi
Libnr* Syum Bnach
VUhi7CioB DC XM60
»O* O»»iCl«
o«Tt •teiiHto |BU» CIIOID ouv
co"T"*eT°*
1 1
Ml OML*
IN *• HO
0»»t Ou* 0**l ••
•CCOu****a o»'«
            .ni  **t«
                        51

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18
ADDITIONAL   STYLE   AIDS   FOR  AUTHORS
 18.1     ABBREVIATIONS   AND   SYMBOLS   USED  IN
                  CAS   PUBLICATIONS
       A  ampere
       A  angstrom unit
       •-   atto- (10 "l
       abs  absolute
       abstr   abstract
       Ac  acetvl (CHjCO  not CHjCOOl
       • c   alternating current
       addn   addition
       addnl  additional! In
       aJc   alcohol alcoholic
       aliph   aliphatic
       oik   alkaline (not alkali i
       alk>   alkalimtv*
       a m  ante meridiem
       ami  amount
       amu  atomic mass unit
       anal   analysis'. analvticalllv)
       anhvd   anhydrous
       AO  atomic orbital
       app  apparatus
       •pproz   approximate! l> )
       approin   approzimanon
       aq   aqueous
              aromatic
                 ciate
                  ciated
               aaaociating
               aasociation
       at   atomic (not atom)
       atm  atmosphere (thr unit I
       atm  atmosphere atmospheric
       ATPaae  adenoametriphosphalase
       »\   averaie
       b  (followed b\ a figure denoting
            temperature) boil; at boiling
            at (aimilarlv b,j, at 13 mm
            preasure)
       bbl  barrel
       bcc  bod} centered  cubic
       BeV or Ge\  billion electron volts
       BOD  biochemical oiygen demand
       yB  Bohr  magneton
       b p  boiling point
       Btu  British thermal unit
       Bu  butv) (normal)
       bu  bushel
       Bi  benzovl (C.H.CO not C.H,CH,>
       •C  degree Celsius (centigrade)
       c-   centi- (10-*)
       cal  calorie
       caic  calculate
       calcd   calculated
       calcg   calculatinf!
       calcn   calculation
       CD  circular dichroism
       c d   current denaitv
       cf   compare
       cfm  cubic feet per minute
       chem   chemical(lv)  chemistr\
       Ci   curie
       chn  clinical(lv)
       CoA  coenzvme A
       COD  chemical oiygen demand
       coefT   coefficient
       com  commercial(l> I
       eompd   compound
       compn   composition
       cone  concentrate
       coned  concentrated
       concg  concentrating
       concn  concentration
       cond   conductivity'
       const   constant
       contg   containing
       cor  corrected
       CP  chemically pure
       cm  critical
       cryat   crystalline (not cryttallite)
       cryitd   crystallized
       cryata,   cryatallizint
       crystn   cryalallizalion
       cwt  hundredweight
       D  debye unit
       d-  deci-  (10 ')
       d  density* (d11. densitv at 13*
            referred to water at 4* d",  at
            20* referred to water at the
            aame temperature)
       da-  deka- 110')
       d c  direct current
       decomp  decompose
       decompd  decomposed
                             decora pr   decomposing
                             decompn   decomposition
                             degrdn   degradation
                             deriv   derivative
                             del   determine
                             detd   determined
                             detg   determining
                             deln   delerminaliun
                             diam   diameter
                             dil   dilute
                             dild  diluted
                             dilg  diluting
                             diln  dilution
                             diuoc  dissociate
                             diasocd  dissociated
                             diasocg  dissociating
                             dissocn  dissociation
                             distd   distilled
                             dislg   distilling
                             distn   distillation
                             DMF  dimelh\lformamide
                             DNa«e  deoivribonucleav
                             d p   degree of polymerization
                             dpm  disintegration* per minute
                             DTA   differential thermal anal) sit
                             E-  eta- (10"i
                             ED   effective dose
                             EEC   electroencephalogram
                             e g    for esample
                             EKC   electrocardiogram
                             elec  electric  electncaliM
                             emf  electromotive force
                             emu  electromagnet ir unn
                             en  ethvlenediamme (used in
                                   Werner completes onK I
                             equil   equilibnumis)
                             equiv   equivalent uhr unit I
                             equiv   equivalent
                             eap   especiallv
                             est    estimate
                             old   estimated
                             eslg  estimating
                             estn   estimation
                             esu   electrostatic unit
                             El  ethvl
                             el al   and others
                             etc   et cetera
                             eV  electron volt
                             evap   evaporate
                             evapd  evaporated
                             evapg  evaporating
                             evapn  evaporation
                             ezand   ezammed
                             ezamg  examimnp
                             ezamn   examination
                             ezpt   ezpenmeni
                             eiptl   eiperimentaKKi
                             en   eztraci
                             end   eztracted
                             eilg   extracting
                             eztn   eztraction
                             F  farad
                             *F  degree Fahrenheit
                             f-  femto- (10 "i
                             fee    face centered cubic
                             fermn  fermentation
                             f p    freezing point
                             FSH   follicle cumulating hormone
                             ft  foot
                             ft-lb   foot-pound
                             C  gauss
                             G-   (iga-IIO*)
                             g   (run
                             (g)   gas  onlv  as in H,0(gi
                             I   graviutional constant
                             (al  gallon
B                                 grain (weight unit)
                                 nenrv.
                             h-  hecto- (101)
                             ha  hectare
                             Hb  hemoglobin
                             h  hour
                             Hz  hertz  (cycles/sec)
                             ID   infective dose
                             i e   that is
                             Ig  immunoglobulm
                             im   mtramuscular(K)
                             in   inch
                             more  inorganic
                             insol   insoluble
irradn   irradiation
II  International I nil
i v  inlravenousilv i
J  joule
K   kelvm
k-  kill.- (llVi
L   liter
III  liquid onlv a* in NHjdl
lab  laboratory
Ib  pound
LCAO   linear combination of atomic
     orbital'
LD  lethal dust
LH  lutemizmg hormone
liq   liquid
1m  lumen
li   luz
m- milli- (10 s)
m  meter
m  melts at melting at
m   molaJ
M   mega (10*i
M  molar
manuf   manufacture
manufd   manufactured
manulg  manufacturing
math   mathematical! K i
max  maximum!*)
Me  methvl (not metal)
mech   mechanicalllv l  (not
     mechanism I
metab   metabolism
mi  mile
mm minute (time)
mm  minimumis)
misc   miscellaneous
mm   mixture
MO molecular orbital
mo  month
mol mole (the uniu
mol  molecule molecular
m p  melting point
mph  miles  per hour
u   micron also micro  I Id"*)
MSH   melanorvte-stiinulaiing
     hormone
Mi  maxttell
n-  nano- (
n   refractive mdez In" for 20* and
     sodium D light)
N  newton
N  normal (as applied to
     concentration)
neg negative(lv)
no   number
obad   observed
Oe oersted
n   ohm
org  organic
ozidn   ozidation
oz  ounce
P-  peta  (10")
P   poise
p   pico- (10 "I
Pa  pa«cal
pd  potential difference
Ph pnenv I
phy>   phvsicaKKI
p 01  post meridiem
polynia   polvroerized
polymg  polvmenzing
polymn   polymerization
DOS" positive! l> I
powd   powdered
ppb part* per billion
ppm  parts  per million
ppt precipitate
pptd   precipitated
pplg   precipitating
pptn   precipitation
Pr  propvl (normal)
prep  prepare
prepd   prepared
prepc   preparing
prepn   preparation
prodn   production
psi   pounds per square inch
psia  pounds  per square inch
     absolute
psig  pounds  per square inch gage-
pi  pint
purifn   purification
pv  pyndine (used in Vterner
     complexe' onlv i
qt  quart
qua!  qualitativedv i
quant   quantitaliveilv i
R  roentgen
redn  reduction
ref   reference
rem  roenlgen equivalent man
rep  roenlgen equivalent phvsical
reprodn  reproduction
resoln   resolution
resp  respective! l> i
RNase   ribonucleast
rpm  revolutions per minute
nQ  respiraton quotient
S  Siemens
(si  aohd onlv as in Afcdlsi
upon   saponificaiion
sapond  saponified
aapong  aaponifvmg
sal   saturate
aatd   saturated
satg   saturating
aaln  saturation
&c   subcutaneousdv i
SCE  saturated calomel electrode
SCF  self-consistent field
s  second (lime unn onlv i
sec   secondarv (niih alkvl group1-
     onlv I
sep  separatedv i
aepd  separated
aepg  separating
sepn  separation
sol   soluble
aoln   solution
solv   solubilnv'
sp   specific (used onlv to qualifv
     phvsical constant i
sp gr   specific grav it v
sr  steradian
Si  stokes
sid   standard
svm   svmmeirictalMlv)
T-   tera- (10"i
tr>   tablespoon
TEAE-cellulott  triethvlaminoethvl
     cellulose
tech  technical! M
temp  temperature
ttn  tertiarv  (Kith alkvl groups
     onlv)
theor   theoretical! K i
thermodn   thermodvnamicia*
titrn  titralion
tap  teaspoon
DSP  United State* Pharmacopeia
L'V   ultraviolet
V  volt
vs   versus
vol   volume (not  volatile)
V,  watt
wk   week
wt   weigh!
yd   yard
yr  year
                              ip  inlraperiloneal(lv)
                              IR  in
                                  infrared
      Plurals of noun abbreviations are formed bv adding 's* to the singular
   abbreviation eicept when a single abbreviation i« designated u» shn» both the
   singular and plural forms and eicept for words marked ' ohose plural* are not
   abbreviated Verb forms that require *s' are treated similarlv  V* ords formed
   b) adding prefiies to words nonnallv abbreviated are also abbreviated as
   microchem for microchemical  Acronvms listed in the CA Indrt Guide are
   used without definition  Other well established unit abbreviations empluved
   m specialized  subject areas are also used   Unit abbreviation* signifv both
   singular and plural forms  Words ending in -olog\ or -ologicaldv I are ab =
   breviated -ol  e g genl  for geologv Vt ord« ending in -ographv or -ograph =
   ic(all(l>I are abbreviated-og eg  chromalog for chromatographic
Source  Material reprinted from Chemical Abstracts  is copyrighted by the American Chemical Society
and is reproduced with permission  No further copying is permitted

                                                                         52

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18.2    ABBREVIATIONS  FOR  STATES  AND  TERRITORIES  IN  THE  UNITED
         STATES*
                     Alabama  AL
                     Alaska  AK
                     Arizona  AZ
                     Arkansas  AR
                     American Samoa  AS
                     California  CA
                     Canal Zone  CZ
                     Colorado  CO
                     Connecticut  CT
                     Delaware  DE
                     District of Columbia  DC
                     Florida  FL
                     Georgia  GA
                     Guam  GU
                     Hawaii  HI
                     Idaho  ID
                     Illinois  IL
                     Indiana  IN
                     Iowa  IA
                     Kansas  KS
                     Kentucky  KY
                     Louisiana  LA
                     Maine  HE
                     Maryland  MD
                     Massachusetts  MA
                     Michigan  MI
                     Minnesota  MN
                     Mississippi  MS
                     Missouri   MO
      Montana  MT
      Nebraska  NE
      Nevada  NV
      New Hampshire   NH
      New Jersey  NJ
      New Mexico  NM
      New York  NY
      North Carolina   NC
      North Dakota ND
      Ohio  OH
      Oklahoma  OK
      Oregon  OR
      Pennsylvania PA
      Puerto Rico  PR
      Rhode Island RI
      South Carolina   SC
      South Dakota SD
      Tennessee  TN
      Trust Territories   TT
      Texas  TX
      Utah  UT
      Vermont  VT
      Virginia  VA
      Virgin Islands   VI
      Washington  HA
      West Virginia   WV
      Wisconsin  WI
      Wyoming  WY
                     •To be used when space must be conserved  and  in  addresses.
    3   PROOFREADERS'  MARKS

                 Use  the  following  standard proofreaders'   marks when
         correcting  a  manuscript.   The use of  these  traditional  marks
         will  expedite the  typing  of a manuscript.
                           PROOFREADERS' MARKS

                        if* or JTor 7 *l™ i-keX°»i
                              C clOK up print il eyw word
                          or > or A caret
                               / umj 10 up irjli ivo or mnre markt
                                and ofun it « cuiuludini tlrok* il
                                Ihi md of HI mkrlion

                              £ L"1 'inner 10 IfK left

                              J hil forilur to ilK rif hi

                               *"* wl w or fl •! lisaiurei > or fl
                              /( tf ttrji|hlcn or ilifn

                               V imperfect or broken clurarier

                               Q indent or inlcri em qiud teace

                              «J hrgin j r*» rMrjgraph

                              ^ UKll out 

                              ttf Ul in ygmfe CAPITALS)
    or f C Igr in |m ill i.iml il^ ^t
      Qim Kl in famait 'rum 111^

      kf- KI in bol.ir.n (boldtoK

or -/or £ or/ryh>phen

 g orJJ n/f/i* diOtdW1 ':>

_/i or£>nr/£^em - or lone — dish

      V luptrwripl nr lulKrior t&ii in fr ^

       /\ uburjct or mfvTiiir (MI in H O

   $ or V centered fjfor 4 kenicred dor tnr

        r^comnu

      * IpourophL

       O pirirtd

    { Of |/ wntKOlon

    : or Q colon

 5 J or v £> guouium m^rkt

     (/) pircnthevn

      l/J bracken
        1 DT«KBCI»

        qiMr>ia author hu ihu I
                                                53

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