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2.2 Goals Promoted by Partnership Programs
2.2.1 Goals Primarily Promoted
Exhibit 3, below, indicates which partnership programs primarily promote each of EPA's strategic
goals. All but a handful primarily promote only one EPA strategic goal; programs that primarily
promote more than one goal are presented in italics.
2.2.2 Goals Secondarily Promoted
Although most of the programs promote a single primary EPA strategic goal, virtually all of them
also promote additional goals. In fact, only a handful of programs do not promote multiple strategic
goals. More typical is a partnership program that focuses primarily on one media-specific goal
while simultaneously promoting aspects of the Agency's broader agenda such as pollution
prevention or improved understanding of environmental risk. For example, the Pesticide
Environmental Stewardship Program (1101) primarily promotes Safe Food (Goal €>), but also
promotes Safe and Clean Water (Goal 0), Pollution Prevention (Goal O), Sound Science (Goal ©),
and Credible Deterrent (Goal ©).
Also common are programs that primarily address pollution prevention, but also provide ancillary
benefit to one or more of Ihe Agency's media-specific goals. An example is the Waste
Minimization National Plan (1110), which seeks to reduce the volume and toxicity of wastes. This
partnership primarily seeks pollution prevention, but necessarily results in cleaner air and water as
well as better waste management
A complete presentation of all partnership programs and the goals primarily and secondarily
promoted by each is presented in Appendix D.
Pagp8of29 TheCadmus Group, Inc. May 20,1999
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Exhibits
EPA's Strategic Goals and Partnership Programs That Promote Them
EPA Strategic
Goal
Programs
Headquarter Programs
Regional Programs
O Clean Air
1112 Indoor Environments
1125 Transportation Partners
501 Natural Landscaping
504 Indoor Air Quality
801 Air Quality Initiative
Clean & Safe
Water
501 Natural Landscaping
808 American Heritage Rivers
Safe Food
1101 PESP
O Pollution
Prevention
1102 WAVE
1103 33/50
1104 Project XL
1105 Environmental Leadership Program
1106 Design for the Environment
1110 Waste Minimization National Plan
1120 Environmental Accounting
1121 Green Chemistry
1125 Transportation Partners
1127 WasteWise
102 CLEAN
303 Businesses for the Bay
404 Urban Initiatives
405 Sustainable Challenge Grants
501 Natural Landscaping
502 Great Printers
503 Greater Chicago P2 Alliance
506 U.S. Auto P2 Project
507 Waste Minimization Assessment
509 Crikx-Alkali Mercury Reduction
701 P2 Awards for Excellence
702 P2Roundtable
806 Urban liability
807 Utah 2002 Olympics
811 CBEP
901 Agricultural Initiative
902 Bay Ana Green Business
903 Merit Partnership
904 Metal Finishing Partnership
1002 Evergreen Award
Waste Mgmt
805 Headwaters Waste Mining Initiative
Global/Cross-
Border Risks
1108 State and Local Outreach
1111 ClimateWise
1113 AgSTAR
1114 Coalbed Methane Outreach
1115 ENERGY STAR Buildings^/Green Lights*
1116 ENERGY STAR* Labels
1122 Landfill Methane Outreach
1123 Natural Gas STAR
1124 Ruminant Livestock Efficiency
1125 Transportation Partners
1126 Voluntary Aluminum Industrial Partnership
Sound Science
1104 ProjectXL
1121 Green Chemistry
101 CEIT
Credible
Deterrent/
Greater
Compliance
106 NEEAT
107 Startrack
301 Small Business Assistance Center
601 Clean Star Texas City
605 Partnership to Help Foundries
809 Problem Oil Pit Initiative
902 Bay Ana Green Business
903 Merit Partnership
904 Metal Finishing Partnership
No partnership programs primarily promote EPA Strategic Goals O or ©.
Programs that primarily promote more than one goal are presented in italics.
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3. PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS
This section categorizes partnership programs according to the types of partners they seek to attract.
There are two primary categories of partner types: (1) those belonging to specific industrial sectors)
or subsectoits); and (2) those sharing a certain characteristic or set of characteristics.
3.1 Programs that Work with Partners in Specific Sector(s) or
Subsector(s)
When categorizing partnerships, this report uses "sector" to refer to Ihe primary type of activity in
which partners are involved, i.e., agriculture, manufacturing, or retail trade. The term "subsector" is
used to provide detail about the specific activities in which partners are engaged, i.e., production of
crops, manufacture of chlorine, or sale of lodging accommodations.
Exhibit 4 provides examples of the specific sectors and subsectors with which selected partnership
programs work.
Exhibit 4
Examples of Specific Sectors and Subsectors with which
Selected Partnership Programs Work
Sectors
Agriculture
Mining
Manufacturing
Transportation
Retail Trade
Services
Public Administration
Subsectors
Crops
Livestock
Coal Mining
Oil and Gas Extraction
Aluminum
Chlorine
Chemicals
Foundries
Metal Finishing
Motor Vehicles
Printing
Environmental
Landfills
Landscaping
Lodging
Local Government
Regional Government
State Government
Public School Systems
May20,1999
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3.1.1 Programs that Work with Partners in a Single Sector or Subsector
Many partnership programs are highly targeted, aiming to engage a specific industry sector or
subsector on a particular environmental problem faced by feat industry. These programs
commonly include the specific sector or subsector in their name. Examples include the Odor-
Alkali Mercury Reduction Project (509) (works with chlorine manufacturers to reduce releases of
mercury), the Coalbed Methane Outreach (1114) (engages coal mine owners/operators to capture
methane that otherwise would be vented into the atmosphere), and the Voluntary Aluminum
Industrial Partnership (1126) (brings together 11 of 12 U.S. aluminum manufacturers to reduce
perfluorocarbons emissions).
Another type of partnership program focuses on a particular sector or subsector, but assists partners
with any, or at least many, environmental challenges. For example, the Partnership to Assist
Foundries Achieve Compliance (605) assists foundries to understand their regulatory obligations
and permitting requirements. Likewise, the Great Printers Program (502) provides information and
advice to lithographic printers on a range of pollution prevention measures.
Exhibit 5a presents programs that work with partners in a single sector, or a single subsector within
a sector.
Exhibit 5a
Examples of Programs that Work with Partners in a
Single Sector or Subsector
Sector
Agriculture
Manufacturing
Mining
Public Administration
Services
Transportation
Program
901 Agricultural Initiative
1101 PESP
502 Great Printers
506 U.S. Auto P2 Project
509 Chlor-Alkali Mercury Reduction
605 Partnership to Help Foundries
1126 VAIP
805 Headwaters Mining Waste
809 Problem Oil Pit Initiative
904 Metal Finishing Workshop
1114 Coalbed Methane Outreach
801 Air Quality Initiative
807 Utah 2002 Olympics
1 1 08 State and Local Outreach
1102 WAVE
1 1 25 Transportation Partners
Sectors or Subsectors Worked With
Farmers and growers
Agriculture
Lithographic printers
Auto industry
Chlorine manufacturers
Foundries
Aluminum industry
Mining
Oil pit operations
Metal finishers
Coal mine operations
State governments
State and local governments
State and local governments
Lodging
Transportation
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3.1.2 Programs that Work with Partners in More Than One Subsector
within a Sector
Other types of partnership programs work with a particular sector, but work with many or all
subsectors within that sector. AgoodiUustotionofthistyrjeofprogramisairnate^rise(llll). Its
partners include industrial and manufacturing entities of all types. In this instance, all partners are
pursuing a particular environmental goal—greenhouse gas emission reductions.
Exhibit 5b presents programs that work with partners in more than one subsector within a sector.
Exhibit 5b
Examples of Programs that Work with Partners in
More than One Subsector within a Sector
Sector
Agriculture
Manufacturing
Mining
Public Administration
Services
Program
1113 AgSTAR
1 1 24 Ruminant Livestock Efficiency
1103 33/50
1104 Project XL
1 1 06 Design for the Environment
1111 ClimateWise
1121 Green Chemistry
1123 Natural Gas STAR
1112 Indoor Environments
1 1 22 Landfill Methane Outreach
Subsectors Worked With
Swine, dairy
Beef, dairy
All
All
Selected: i.e., printers, semiconductors
All
All
Production, transmission, distribution
Schools, state and local government
Operators, resellers
3.1.3 Programs that Work with Partners in a Specific Set of Sectors or
Subsectors
Other partnership programs draw from a defined set of sectors or subsectors to address a particular
environmental problem. For instance, Businesses for the Bay (303) draws partners from the retail,
services, and manufacturing sectors whose activities affect the Chesapeake Bay. Similarly,
ENERGY STAR Labels (1116) seeks partners from the same three sectors in an effort to influence
consumers and transform the market for energy-efficient equipment
Exhibit 6 lists programs that work with more than one sector.
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Pagel3cf29
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Exhibits
Examples of Programs that Work with Partners in a
Specific Set of Sectors or Subsectors
Program
Sectors Worked With
303 Businesses for the Bay
902 Bay Area Green Business
1115 ENERGY STAR Buildings^/Green Ughts*
1116 ENERGY STAR* Labels
1127 WasteWise
Manufacturing, retail, services
Retail, services
Manufacturing, public administration, retail, services
Manufacturing, retail, services
Manufacturing, public administration, retail, services
Appendix E groups partnership programs according to sector and indicates whether a program
works with partners only in that sector or in a subsector of it, with partners from more than one
subsector in the sector, or with partners in more than one sector ("this sector and others").
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3.2 Programs that Work with Partners Sharing Certain
Characteristics
Some partnerships seek to work with entities, regardless of their sector or subsector, that share a
certain set of characteristics. Exhibit 7 presents examples of characteristics shared by partners in
selected partnership programs.
Exhibit?
Examples of Characteristics Shared by Partners in Some Programs
Business owners/managers
Community organizations
Companies with commitment to pollution prevention
Hazardous waste generators
Non-governmental organizations
People and organizations with landscaping needs
Small businesses
Waste generators
Citizens
Companies with compliance programs
Consumers
Medium-sized businesses
People and organizations interested in specific environmental issues
Regulated entities
Small manufacturers
Programs that seek partners who share characteristics do not decide whether a particular partner
may join based on its industrial classification. The New England Environmental Assistance Team
(106), for instance, helps regulated entities, regardless of sector, better understand their
environmental obligations. Natural Landscaping (501) seeks partners who are interested in
environmentally sound landscaping techniques, whether they are a manufacturer, retailer, public
agency, or private citizen. Partners in the Environmental Accounting Project (1120) include owners
and managers of businesses in any sector who wish to better understand and integrate
environmental costs.
May 20.1999
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Exhibit 8 provides examples of programs that seek partners who share characteristics and the
characteristics shared by program partners.
Exhibit 8
Examples of Programs that Work with
Partners Sharing Certain Characteristics
Partnership Programs
Characteristics Shared by Partners
2
£
CO
3
W
•o
1104 Project XL
1105 Environmental Leadership
1110 Waste Minimization National Plan
1117 Environmental Accounting Project
Regulated entities
Companies with exemplary environmental records
Hazardous waste generators
Business owners and managers
M
f
DC
106 NEEAT
107 Startrack
301 Small Business Assistance Center
305 Green Communities
404 Initiatives for Sustainable Communities
601 Clean Star Texas City
701 P2 Awards for Excellence
702 Pollution Prevention Roundtable
808 American Heritage Rivers
811 CBEP
903 Merit Partnership
1002 Evergreen Award
Regulated entities in various sectors
Companies with compliance programs and commitment to
pollution prevention
Small and medium-sized businesses
Community groups and local government
State/local government, public/private community organizations
Small businesses
Public or private sector entities demonstrating pollution
prevention
Public or private sector entities involved in pollution prevention
Entities/individuals affecting/interested in river quality
Entities/individuals interested in environmental quality of a
particular place
Regulated entities in Region 9
Companies with exemplary environmental records
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4. PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM DESIGN
4.1 Introduction
This chapter characterizes partnership programs according to the elements that define the basic
program approach. The goal of characterizing program approach elements is to classify each
program in a way that captures the trait or set of traits mat establishes its fundamental character.
This characterization speaks to the program's essence, for example, distinguishing a program like
Project XL, which is fundamentally about regulatory flexibility, from a program like State and
Local Outreach, which is fundamentally about capacity building.
The characterization presented here is but one way of conveying key aspects about how
partnerships operate. It draws on a particular type of research and reflects information collected
about programs within the scope of this report Given different research parameters, the resultant
characterization might look very different
4.2 The Elements of Program Design
Research results pointed to ten "building blocks" or elements of partnership program design. For
convenience, these elements have been grouped into five major categories:
• Regulatory flexibility
• Economics
• Information
• Decisionmaking criteria and processes
• Technologies and practices innovation
In practice, partnership programs mix and match these approaches, and different elements of a
program may receive varying levels of emphasis.
Appendix F presents the program approach elements used by each partnership program covered in
this report The Appendix distinguishes between primary and secondary program approaches.
7 Both the PPCC and OR commented on flie structure of the characterization ami agree that h serves as an effective way of
presenting the large amount of information collected under the scope of this project
s For instance, PPCC/OR is embarking on an in-depth review of incentives used by partnership programs to entice and
motivate partners.
May 20,1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. Page 17 cf29
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4.2.1 Regulatory Flexibility
This approach refers to instances where the Agency provides regulatory, compliance, or
enforcement flexibility to regulated parties. This flexibility may be offered either to achieve a better
environmental result than would otherwise be achieved, or to achieve compliance.
4.2.1.1 Flexibility to Achieve Superior Results
Flexibility designed to achieve better overall results is illustrated by Project XL (1104). Project XL
offers entities with good environmental records the option of submitting plans that address their
multiple environmental obligations. The plans may offer innovative approaches, so long as they
achieve better results overall.
Regulatory flexibility to achieve a better environmental result may, but does not necessarily, involve
the granting of waivers from specific regulatory requirements.
4.2.1.2 Flexibility to Encourage Compliance
hi this instance, flexibility is offered as an incentive to achieve compliance. It may involve some
form of limited amnesty, or grace period, from environmental obligations. This approach is
commonly employed when enforcement resources are insufficient, for example when regulated
parties are small and geographically diverse, or when overlapping authority makes it difficult for
regulated parties to understand their obligations. An example of this is Region 8's Oil Pit Initiative
(809). The program links owners and operators with several federal authorities and the state to
encourage cooperative corrective actions prior to enforcement
4.2.2 Economics
This approach refers to programs that offer economic incentives to partners, either in the form of
reduced costs, or the promise of increased profits.
4.2.2.1 Cost Savings
Regulated parties may realize cost savings from practices and technologies that reduce compliance
costs directly, or from a shift to more environmentally beneficial products or processes. Non-
regulated parties may benefit economically from taking environmentally beneficial actions that are
not required They may take these actions to develop public preference for their products or
services, or to hedge against the risk of future regulatory requirements.
The Waste Wise Program (1127) illustrates the cost savings approach. Its environmental objective,
the reduction of solid waste, is achieved through the adoption of practices that reduce both inputs
and outputs, thereby decreasing expenses associated with materials purchases and disposal or
treatment of wastes.
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4.2.2.2 Market Transformation
The market transformation element of the economics approach describes partnerships that seek to
sustain change in markets that are not operating efficiently. The most effective market
transformation strategies address market imperfections by affecting how resource allocation choices
are made on both the demand and supply sides. An example of this approach may be found in the
set of voluntary energy efficiency and methane reduction programs sponsored by APPD, for
example, the ENERGY STAR Buildings5*1 (1115) and ENERGY STAR*Labels (1116), These
partnerships bring together manufacturers, vendors, and consumers in an effort to increase demand
for and supply of various energy efficient equipment and devices so as to reduce the per unit cost of
these products over time. In the case of the ENERGY STAR® Label program, producers earn the right
to display the ENERGY STAR logo if their products reach a pre-defined benchmark of energy
efficiency. The label provides potential consumers and competing producers with important
information —that the labeled product will have a lower overall life-cycle cost as compared to a
non-labeled product—thereby stimulating both demand for and supply of labeled products. Over
time, the market is transformed—the demand and production of non-labeled products declines, and
labeled products become the market staple (e.g., ENERGY STAR compliant computers, copiers, and
exit signs).
4.2.3 Information
Programs that use the information approach seek to improve the flow of information among
partners, between regulators and polluters (whether regulated or not), and among regulators,
polluters, and other interested stakeholders, such as citizen groups. Partnership programs seek both
to improve access to and exchange of information among decisionmakers, and to improve the
quality and quantity of information generated. Together, these activities encourage informed
decisionmaking, which in turn, promotes creative, lasting solutions to environmental problems.
4.2.3.1 Outreach and Education
One element of this approach includes outreach and technical assistance to partners. A good
illustration is Waste Minimization Opportunity Assessments (507), which seeks to form
partnerships with manufacturers in EPA Region 5. The partnership offers a site visit and provides
technical advice on technologies and practices to reduce the generation of hazardous waste.
4.2.3.2 Recognition and Awards
The information approach also includes communicating information to non-partners about partner
successes and progress. Examples include recognition and awards for environmentally positive
events, practices, and achievements. Great Printers (502) is an example of a partnership that
employs both elements of an information-based approach. Key components include the sharing of
technical information among partners on environmentally friendly practices and the right to display
the "Great Printers" logo if a certain set of pollution prevention practices is adopted
U.S. EPA Headquarters Library
Mai! code 3201
1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington DC 20460
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4.2.4 Enhancement of Environmental Decisionmaking
4.2.4.1 Environmental Stewardship
Some partnerships promote the appeal of environmental stewardship, encouraging changes mat
benefit human health and the environment by entities that control or affect geographically defined
places (e.g., communities, specific ecosystems), or that manufacture or affect the use of a particular
product These partnerships create incentives to take environmentally beneficial actions that are not
required, or to take actions beyond those required by existing regulations. EPA Region 9's
Agricultural Initiative (901) is a good model. It encourages farmers and growers to reduce the
aggregate risks of agrochemical use to their communities, even Ihough the use of pesticides and
fertilizers is lawful.
4.24.2 Capacity Building
Another element of this approach is assisting partners who care about environmental problems, but
who may want to improve their capacity to identify and characterize the problem, set priorities,
develop plans of action, or connect with other interested entities. The State and Local Outreach
Program (1108) adopts this approach. It seeks to improve the ability of state and local governments
to understand the risks and impacts of climate change. The partnership helps state and local
decisionmakers assess their responsibilities and capabilities for reducing greenhouse gases and
implement appropriate mitigation policies.
4.2.5 Stimulation of Supply of New Technologies or Practices
4.2.5.1 Test/Validate New Technologies/Practices
This approach provides opportunities for manufacturers, developers, and vendors to test innovative
technologies or processes in real-world conditions, a key prerequisite to commercializatioa
Partnerships that adopt this approach are designed to reduce the real or perceived risk associated
with using a new technology or practice and to influence decisionmakers who can promote
acceptance.
Design for the Environment (1106) employs this approach. It encourages development,
dissemination, and implementation of new technologies or practices that reduce environmental or
health risks from particular industrial and manufacturing sectors.
4.2.5.2 Promote Proven Technologies (Technology "Push")
This approach promotes dissemination of proven technologies. Design for the Environment (1106)
is an example of a partnership program that encourages entities to use specific new or innovative
technologies or practices to supplement or replace current ones. Partners are provided with
technical assistance to plan for flie implementation of new technologies identified through the
partnership.
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4.3 The Program Approach in Practice
Exhibit 9 summarizes the five major program approach categories and their components.
Exhibit 9
The Five Major Program Approach Groupings and Their Elements
Category
Regulatory flexibility
Economics
Information
Decisionmaking criteria and processes
Technologies and practices innovation
Program Elements
Superior results
Compliance
Cost savings
Market transformation
Outreach and education
Recognition and awards
Environmental stewardship
Capacity building
Test/validate new technologies/practices
"Push" new technologies/practices
The five program approach categories provide a framework for understanding incentives and
techniques programs use to achieve their goals, but they cannot "explain" how a partnership works.
Indeed, all but one of the partnership programs in this report use multiple approaches.9 In practice,
programs mix and match approaches, using a variety of incentives and tools to accomplish their
goals.
Many of the programs noted in the previous chapter and used above to illustrate a particular
approach element also show how approaches are mingled. Project XL (1104), for instance, relies
not only on the regulatory flexibility approach, but also on cost savings. Part of XL's appeal is that
even if no specific regulatory relief is granted, partners can expect cost savings from the adoption of
non-conventional approaches. Similarly, ENERGY STAR® Labels (1116), which primarily takes a
market transformation approach, also incorporates an important information element—awareness
and recognition of the label itself on consumer products and buildings.
As indicated previously, Appendix F presents program approach elements for each partnership
addressed in this report, and distinguishes between primary and secondary approaches.
9 The sole program employing a single approach is Region 10's Evergreen Award (1002), which relies solely on the
Recognition/A ward approach.
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5. SYNTHESIS
Given the many dimensions and components of partnership programs, there are many ways to
combine the various elements of the multidimensional typology developed here. The Appendices
described below offer two ways of organizing the information so it can be used as a basis for
illustrating similarities and differences. Combinations could be developed to inform particular
research questions, should they be articulated
5.1 Strategic Goals Promoted and Sectors Addressed
Exhibit 10 groups partnership programs according to the EPA strategic goal promoted and indicates
with which sector each program works. Programs that do not work with specific sectors are
included for reference and are designated as a program that "does not seek to work with a particular
sector."
Among the observations reflected in Exhibit 10 are the following:
• The bulk of partnership programs reviewed for this report promote three of EPA's ten
strategic goals: © Pollution Prevention, © Global/Cross-Border Risks, and © Credible
Deterrent/Greater Compliance. Goal @, Global/Cross-Border Risks, is unique in that all
programs that promote it seek partners from a particular sector or sectors. This contrasts
with Goals O (Pollution Prevention) and © (Credible Deterrent/Greater Compliance),
which both include a number of programs that do not seek partners from any specific sector
or subsectors.
• Partnership programs that promote media specific goals, such as O (Clean Air) and©
(Clean and Safe Water), include programs that both work with specific sectors or
subsectors and programs mat do not
• More partnerships, by far, work with the manufacturing sector or its subsectors in it than
work with any other sector. All of these programs, however, promote the three most
frequently addressed goals, O, ©, and ©. No programs work with the manufacturing
sector to promote any of the other strategic goals.
• Only one partnership program, Transportation Partners (1125) works with the
transportation sector.
• Neither program that primarily promotes Goal © (Sound Science) seeks to work with a
particular sector.
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Exhibit 10
Partnership Programs Grouped by EPA Strategic Goal Promoted,
with Sector(s) Addressed Indicated
Programs that primarily address more than one EPA Strategic Goal are presented in italics.
EPA Strategic Goal
O Clean Air
© Clean and
Safe Water
© Safe Food
O Pollution
Prevention
501
504
801
1112
1125
501
808
1101
102
303
404
405
50?
502
503
506
507
509
701
702
Partnership Program
Natural Landscaping
Indoor Air Quality Program
Air Quality Initiative
Indoor Environments Program
Transportation Partners
Natural Landscaping
American Heritage Rivers
PESP
CLEAN
Businesses for the Bay
Urban Initiatives for Sustainable Communities
Sustainable Challenge Grants
Natural Landscaping
Great Printers
Great Chicago Pollution Prevention Alliance
U.S. Auto Pollution Prevention Project
Waste Minimization Opportunity Assessment
Chlor-Alkali Mercury Reduction Project
P2 Awards for Environmental Excellence
Pollution Prevention Roundtable
Sector
Agriculture
/
£
c
n
Manufacturing
^
V
y
/
y
c
a
t-
/
Retail Trade
y
Services
/
Public Administration
/
Program does not seek
to work wtth particular
sector
V
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
May 20,1999
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
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EPA Strategic Goal
o Pollution
Prevention
(continued)
© Waste Mgt.
© Global/ Cross-
Border Risks
806
807
811
901
902
903
904
1002
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1110
1120
1121
1125
1127
805
1108
1111
1113
1114
1115
Partnership Program
Urban Liability
Utah 2002 Olympics
Community-Based Environmental Protection
Agricultural Initiative
Bay Area Green Business Program
Merit Partnership
Metal Finishing Partnership
Evergreen Award
WAVE
33/50 Program
Project XL
Environmental Leadership Program
Design for the Environment
Waste Minimization National Plan
Environmental Accounting Project
Green Chemistry
Transportation Partners
WasteWise
Headwaters Mining Waste Initiative
State and Local Outreach Program
ClimateWise Recognition Program
AgSTAR
Coalbed Methane Outreach Program
ENERGY STAR BuildingsSM/Green Lights*
Sector
Agriculture
/
/
o>
"c
&
/
/
Manufacturing
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
Transportation
^
Retail Trade
/
/
/
1
1
S
/
S
S
/
Public Administration
/
/
/
/
Program does not seek
to work with particular
sector
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
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EPA Strategic Goal
O Global) Cross-
Border Risks
(continued)
O Right to Know
® Sound
Science
© Credible
Deterrent/
Greater
Compliance
© Effective Mgt.
1116
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1125
101
1104
106
107
301
601
605
809
902
903
904
Partnership Program
ENERGY STAR* Labels
Landfill Methane Outreach Program
Natural Gas STAR Program
Ruminant Livestock Efficiency Program
Transportation Partners
Voluntary Aluminum Industrial Partnership
Transportation Partners
Center for Environmental and Industry Technology
Project XL
New England Environmental Assistance Team
Startrack
Small Business Assistance Center
Clean Star Texas City Program
Partnership to Help Foundries Achieve Compliance
Problem Oil Pit Initiative
Bay Area Green Business Program
Merit Partnership
Metal Finishing Partnership
Sector
Agriculture
/
o>
i
y
y
t
J
J
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5.2 Elements of Program Approach and Sectors Addressed
Appendix G consists often charts, one for each of EPA's strategic goals. Partnership programs are
grouped according to the sector they seek to work with, or alternatively, designated as a program
that "does not seek to work with a particular sector." Also indicated is whether the program seeks
to work with a single sector or subsector in it, with more than one subsector in the sector, or with
more than one sector ("that sector and others"). The chart also indicates the primary program
approaches).
The charts in Appendk G reveal the following observations:
• For EPA Strategic Goal O (Clean Air), all programs seek to work with a single sector or
subsector. No programs use a regulatory flexibility approach.
• For EPA Strategic Goal 0 (Clean and Safe Water), both programs seek to work with
partners who share certain characteristics, not with partners who come from particular
sectors or subsectors.
• For EPA Strategic Goal O (Pollution Prevention), the Outreach/Education approach is by
far the most prominent element of program approach. Other common approaches are
recognition and awards, stewardship, and capacity building. Only two programs, Project
XL (1104) and Environmental Leadership (1105), use a regulatory flexibility approach and
only one program, the Agricultural Initiative (901), involves technology or practice
innovation. No programs mat primarily promote Goal O use a market transformation
approach.
• All programs mat primarily promote EPA Strategic Goal© (Global and Cross Border
Risks) seek to work with a particular sector or sectors. With few exceptions, these
programs adopt a market transformation approach. Of the four programs that do not
pursue market transformation, a prominent approach is capacity building.
• Progranis that primarily promote EPA Strategic Goal © (Creflble Deterrent/Greater
Compliance) include those that seek to work with particular sectors) and those that do not
The information approach (outreach/education and recognition/awards) is commonly used,
as is a cost savings approach.
May 20,1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. Page 29 of 29
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APPENDICES
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APPENDIX A
Partnership Program Profiles
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101 Center for Environmental Industry and Technology (Region 1)
Primary Environmental Objective: Help bring new environmental technologies into the marketplace.
Key Desired Outcomes: Help the environmental technology industry overcome problems associated
with bringing new technologies and practices to market, such as difficulties in arranging for field tests,
reluctance by consultants to recommend innovative products, or regulatory barriers.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Environmental technology industry
in EPA Region 1; environmental consultants, EPA staff (e.g., staff who are involved in decisions regarding
choices of technologies to be used to clean up a particular site), state staff, and others who make
decisions regarding the purchase or use of new environmental technologies.
Key Incentives: Help environmental technology company participants achieve product development and
market penetration goals.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: The CEIT program helps
environmental industry by: improving access to state and federal programs; offering technology
demonstration and evaluation opportunities (e.g., working with Massachusetts to establish a facility for
performance testing of innovative/alternative septic system technologies); expanding access to capital;
providing assistance in dealing with regulatory and institutional barriers to the testing or use of new
environmental technologies or products; helping provide access to export opportunities.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by t/i/s Program
© Sound Science, Improved Understanding of Environmental Risk, Innovation
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
® Clean and Safe Water
® Effective Management
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#5A Test, Validate New/Innovative Technologies/Practices
Other Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach/Education
May 20, 1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. PageA-1
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102 CLEAN Pollution Prevention Pilot Project (Region 1)
Primary Environmental Objective: Pollution prevention; specific types of pollution reductions depend on
participating entities.
Key Desired Outcomes: Achieve improved environmental performance by participating entities and
increased compliance on both a facility-specific and industry-wide basis.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. Regulated entities, primarily small businesses. Pilot CLEAN project focuses on metal finishers.
Key Incentives: Cost reductions and reduced regulatory burdens associated with pollution prevention;
technical assistance to achieve these goals; limited enforcement relief.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Provision of grants to universities
and others to establish multidisciplinary technical assistance teams; multimedia pollution prevention
assessments at participating companies (e.g., metal finishers); provision in some cases of limited
enforcement relief for facilities that fully participate in the project.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
© Credible Deterrent to Pollution and Greater Compliance with the Law
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
Other Elements of this Program
#1A Government Flexibility to Achieve Superior Results
#1B Government Flexibility to Achieve Compliance
#2A Cost Savings
#4B Capacity Building
Page A-2 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20, 1999
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106 New England Environmental Assistance Team (NEEAT) (Region 11
Primary Environmental Objective: Help ensure compliance with regulatory requirements under all
federal environmental statutes; not media-specific.
Key Desired Outcomes: Regulated entities in New England fully understand how to fulfill their
obligations under all federal environmental statutes; entities adopt pollution prevention practices
whenever possible.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Regulated entities in various
sectors including, for example, printers; metal finishers; Vocational/Technical High Schools; wood
products finishers; automobile repair and body shops; municipalities. (Note: Vocational/Technical High
Schools sometimes are not regulated entities, but they are not excluded from program on this basis.)
Key Incentives: Obtain information and technical advice; avoid problems associated with non-
compliance; reduce costs and, potentially, regulatory burdens, by adopting pollution prevention programs
(e.g., by adopting pollution prevention practices, a RCRA large quantity generator can become a small
quantity generator, thereby reducing costs of compliance).
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Mailings and other outreach to
regulated entities; conferences, training, and other events (e.g., to inform companies of their compliance
requirements; to highlight pollution prevention approaches); on-site visits and facility-specific advice;
written materials (e.g., case studies that illustrate problems business can face if they are in non-
compliance); enlist support of trade associations to help with outreach (e.g., association of printers).
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
© Credible Deterrent to Pollution and Greater Compliance with the Law
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
Other Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
May 20. 1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. Page A-3
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107 StarTrack (Region 1)
Primary Environmental Objective: Not media-specific. Focus is on improving environmental
performance of companies.
Key Desired Outcomes: More widespread adoption by regulated entities of environmental compliance
systems and management systems to improve their operations, including self-audits, and use of
independent, private-sector firms to observe, review, and certify compliance audits, EMS audits, and
follow-up actions.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. To participate, facility must have an established compliance auditing program and a
demonstrated commitment to compliance, pollution prevention, and continuous improvement of
environmental performance.
Key Incentives: Public recognition; potential for reduced frequency of discretionary inspections by
regulatory agencies; correction period and limited penalty amnesty for violations; improved capacity to
identify and correct problems in a timely fashion; partnership-building with regulatory agencies; potential
cost savings.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Key actions required of participating
firms include comprehensive compliance audits; audits of company's environmental management
systems; independent third-party certification of company's compliance status and environmental
management system effectiveness, and recommendations for improvement; preparation of a publicly
available environmental performance report.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
© Credible Deterrent to Pollution and Greater Compliance with the Law
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
0 Clean and Safe Water
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
O Waste Management, Waste Site Management, Emergency Response
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#1B Government Flexibility to Achieve Compliance
Other Elements of this Program
#1A Government Flexibility to Achieve Superior Results
#2A Cost Savings
#4A Environmental Stewardship
#4B Capacity Building
Page A-4 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20, 1999
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301 Small Business Assistance Center (Region 3)
Primary Environmental Objective: Improve compliance rates; not media-specific.
Key Desired Outcomes: Not limited to any particular sector. Small and medium-size businesses in
Region 3 develop a clear understanding of the regulatory requirements that affect them and improve their
capacity to comply.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Small and medium-size
businesses in Region 3.
Key Incentives: Removal of information barriers that small and medium-size businesses face in
understanding complex array of environmental regulations that might apply to them; improved
understanding of potential benefits of pollution prevention.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Selected key activities of the center
include:
• Performing outreach (e.g., via trade associations) to small and medium-size businesses.
• Providing workshops, training targeted to specific industry sectors such as small automobile repair
shops and laundries. Goal is to educate these businesses on existing regulations (emphasis is on
clear, concise information), possible future regulations, and "beyond compliance" opportunities (e.g.,
pollution prevention).
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
© Credible Deterrent to Pollution and Greater Compliance with the Law
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
O Waste Management, Waste Site Management, Emergency Response
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
Other Elements of this Program
#1B Government Flexibility to Achieve Compliance
#4A Environmental Stewardship
#4B Capacity Building
May 20,1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. Page A-5
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303 Businesses for the [Chesapeake! Bav (Region 3)
Primary Environmental Objective: Protect and enhance the environmental quality of the Chesapeake
Bay.
Key Desired Outcomes: Businesses in the Bay watershed learn of and implement pollution prevention
methods and other practices and technologies that will help prevent or reduce discharges of toxic
pollutants into the Bay.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. Wide variety of primarily small-to-medium-size businesses.
Key Incentives: Desire to be good environmental stewards of the Bay; public recognition; potential
pollution-prevention-related cost savings.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Meetings among interested
businesses, EPA, and others to share information on pollution prevention techniques for toxics;
recognition program to publicly reward businesses that take steps to reduce or prevent toxic pollution.
Under a mentor program, participants volunteer to provide technical assistance to others on pollution
prevention.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
0 Waste Management, Waste Site Management, Emergency Response
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#4A Environmental Stewardship
Other Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
#3A Outreach / Education
#3B Recognition / Awards
#4B Capacity Building
Page A-6 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20, 1999
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305 Green Communities (Region 3)
Primary Environmental Objective: More effective and sustainable pollution prevention in various
communities; specific media and problems addressed vary by participating community.
Key Desired Outcomes: Various community groups and governments improve their capacity for
addressing local environmental problems, with an emphasis on sustainability.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Community groups and local
government
Key Incentives: Obtain information and technical advice; improve capacity to assess and address local
environmental problems.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Coordinated by the Region 3
Community-Based Environmental Protection (CBEP) initiative, this program performs outreach; provides
information and training materials (e.g., a "Green Communities Assistance Kit" which includes information
on ways to encourage citizen involvement in community-based action, establish indicators of
sustainability, and highlight efforts and progress).
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
Also Promoted by this Program
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
Other Elements of this Program
May 20, 1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. Page A-7
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404 Urban Initiatives for Sustainable Communities (Region 4)
Primary Environmental Objective: Pollution prevention and restoration of contaminated sites; program
currently focuses on three counties in Southern Florida to prevent urban encroachment into the
Everglades ("Eastward Ho!" Brownfields project).
Key Desired Outcomes: Improve capacity of communities to address specific environmental problems;
improve coordination of local, state, and federal efforts.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Public, private, and non-profit
community organizations; local, state, regional, and federal government agencies.
Key Incentives: Obtain information and technical advice; improve capacity to assess and address local
environmental problems; improve coordination to achieve better results; environmental stewardship.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Program provides information and
technical assistance; improved access to EPA resources.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#4B Capacity Building
Other Elements of Otis Program
#3A Outreach / Education
#4A Environmental Stewardship
Page A-8 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20, 1999
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405 Sustainable Challenge Grants
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#4B Capacity Building
Other Elements of this Program
#4A Environmental Stewardship
May 20,1999 Th6 Cadmus Group, Inc. Page A-9
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501 Natural Landscaping fReaion 5)
Primary Environmental Objective: Multimedia pollution prevention (air, water; soil); biodiversity.
Key Desired Outcomes: Individuals and institutions make greater use of native plants and other natural
landscaping practices that are consistent with pollution prevention (e.g., native plants are better adapted
to the regional environment than lawns, and require the application of fewer chemicals and less water);
and can reduce emissions of air pollution associated with landscape maintenance, such as pollution
associated with lawn mowers) and biodiversity. Local governments modify their weed ordinances to
eliminate cases in which their ordinances classify native plants as "weeds." (Note: Program defines
"natural landscaping" as the use of native plants that are considered to be all species indigenous to a
region at the time of European settlement)
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Local governments; homeowners;
companies and other institutions with landscaping requirements.
Key Incentives: Environmental benefits or pollution prevention and greater biodiversity.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Program provides outreach and
information (e.g., press releases; presentations at garden clubs; web page; fact sheets and other
publications); provides information and technical assistance to local governments to support their
modifications of weed ordinances (e.g., toolkit that encourages accurate identification of "weeds" in
ordinances). Program currently planning a recognition/awards component
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
© Sound Science, Improved Understanding of Environmental Risk, Innovation
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
Other Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
#3A Outreach / Education
#3B Recognition / Awards
#4A Environmental Stewardship
#4B Capacity Building
#5A Test Validate New / Innovative Techniques / Practices
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
PogeA-10 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20. 1999
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502 Great Printers (Region 5)
Primary Environmental Objective: Pollution prevention (air hazardous waste; water).
Key Desired Outcomes: Lithographic printing operations adopt pollution prevention practices.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Printing sector. Owners and
operators of lithographic printing facilities; purchasers of printing services.
Key Incentives: For printers, key incentives are to obtain information and technical advice and, in some
cases, pollution prevention audits; potential for least-cost regulatory compliance (with limited enforcement
amnesty in some cases); public recognition through the "Great Printers" logo, and associated potential for
competitive advantage in the marketplace.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: While program implementation differs
by state, key activities include providing and sharing information to help printers leam of and adopt
environmentally friendly practices; and providing the right to display the "Great Printers" logo by printers
who agree to adopt desired pollution prevention practices. Significant resources were directed to
development of consolidated regulatory reporting software which included P2 technical assistance
information for printers. Some resources also directed to educating consumers to build market demand
for printers who employ the "Great Printers" logo, and to encourage environmentally beneficial
specifications wherever possible (e.g., choose uncoated, chlorine-free paper where possible). (Note:
Some states offer compliance workshops in conjunction with this program, emphasizing the "beyond
compliance" aspects of adopting pollution prevention; some states offer amnesty programs.)
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
© Waste Management, Waste Site Management, Emergency Response
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
Other Elements of this Program
#1B Government Flexibility to Achieve Compliance
#2B Market Transformation
#3B Recognition / Awards
#4A Environmental Stewardship
May 20,1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. Page A-l 1
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503 Greater Chicago Pollution Prevention Alliance (Region 5)
Primary Environmental Objective: Pollution prevention; specific types of pollution reductions depend on
participating entities. Not specific to any environmental medium. While initial efforts tended to focus on
water, current efforts are geared towards a multimedia effort for reducing toxics.
Key Desired Outcomes: More widespread adoption of pollution prevention practices by companies in
the greater Chicago area.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. Industrial, commercial and public sector entities; entities that emit or discharge wastes into the air,
water, or land.
Key Incentives: Traditional benefits of pollution prevention (depending on entity, can include avoidance
of rising costs of waste monitoring, treatment, and disposal; reduction of manufacturing costs and raw
material usage; increased process efficiency; reduction of liabilities; reduction of compliance costs and
recordkeeping burdens); enhanced corporate image for customers and the public.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Key program activities include on-site
technical assistance, which often includes making specific pollution prevention recommendations; training
for companies in developing pollution prevention programs, plans, and projects; seminars; maintenance
of an extensive library and clearinghouse on waste management and pollution prevention topics;
implementation of a telephone hotline, which companies and other entities in the Chicago area can call
with environmental questions, regardless of which agencies are Involved; assistance in evaluating
equipment or technologies to reduce contaminants from specific processes or waste streams. The
project has also sought to enlist non-traditional deliverers of environmental information, for instance,
economic development organizations and local business councils.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
#3A Outreach / Education
Other Elements of this Program
#3B Recognition / Awards
Page A-12 The Cadmus Group. Inc. May 20, 1999
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504 Indoor Air Quality Program (HQ)
Primary Environmental Objective: Control of indoor air pollution.
Key Desired Outcomes: Reduction in radon exposure and other improvements in indoor air quality in
homes and schools; reduction in children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: School districts; states and Indian
Tribes; community groups and others involved in state indoor air coalitions.
Key Incentives: Capacity building; improved access to information and training; environmental
stewardship; minimization of human health impacts; grants.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Key examples of activities include:
• Outreach and education (e.g., promoting use of EPA's "Indoor Air Quality Tools for Schools"
management program in schools throughout the region).
• Grants (e.g., grants to states and Indian Tribes to help develop indoor air programs).
• Support of the formation of state-wide indoor environmental coalitions to address issues such as
asbestos, lead paint, and radon, including grants support.
• Coordinate and exchange information with other federal agencies (e.g., regional HUD office).
Enlist support of various associations and groups (e.g., Building Owners Management Association).
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
Also Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
© Sound Science, Improved Understanding of Environmental Risk, Innovation
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#4B Capacity Building
Other Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
#4A Environmental Stewardship
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
May 20,1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. Page A-13
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506 U.S. Auto P2 Project (Region S)
Primary Environmental Objective: Pollution prevention and resource conservation.
Key Desired Outcomes: Reduced use of persistent toxic chemicals and other selected materials of
concern in automobile manufacturing.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Auto sector. Major U.S.
automobile manufacturers; to a lesser extent, their suppliers.
Key Incentives: Reduce costs of meeting or exceeding all environmental regulatory requirements;
environmental stewardship.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Originally called the "Great Lakes
Auto Project" this program is now called the "U.S. Auto Pollution Prevention Project" EPA's original
involvement stemmed from a grant to the Michigan DEQ. The project has matured from a government-
led to an industry-led project with the Agency now serving as one of 12 members of an Advisory Group
which represents diverse stakeholder interests and provides advice and support to the project
Coordinated by the American Automobile Manufacturers Association, the program's key approaches
include: development of pollution prevention case studies by automobile manufacturers; sharing of
lessons learned among companies; encouragement of pollution prevention activities; exchange of non-
proprietary technologies with suppliers and other interested parties; non-competitive collaborative
research and development of clean technologies among automotive suppliers, technology centers,
academia, and government
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
O Clean and Safe Water
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
Other Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
#4A Environmental Stewardship
Page A-14 The Cadmus Group, Inc.
May 20, 1999
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507 Waste Minimization Opportunity Assessments (Region 5>
Primary Environmental Objective: Pollution prevention (primary emphasis on reducing generation of
hazardous waste; also addresses reduction of air pollution, to extent that waste streams contain VOCs).
Key Desired Outcomes: Manufacturers use techniques that reduce amount of waste generated, and
improve management of their waste streams.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. In practice, program focuses on small manufacturers.
Key Incentives: Obtain information and technical advice (e.g., via audits offered by the program); reduce
costs; reduce regulatory exposure (e.g., reduction of a waste stream can result in a change of status from
Large Quantity Generator to Small Quantity Generator, with less complex and less costly regulatory
requirements).
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Technical advice (at request of
manufacturer, EPA visits facility, examines operations, and makes recommendations on ways to reduce
hazardous waste generation).
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
0 Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
© Waste Management, Waste Site Management, Emergency Response
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
Other Elements of this Program
May 20, 1999
The Cadmus Group, Inc. Page A-15
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509 Chlor-Alkali Industry Mercury Reduction Project
Primary Environmental Objective: Reduction of releases of mercury into the environment Multimedia.
Key Desired Outcomes: Adoption of pollution prevention and control practices and technologies by
chlorine manufacturers to prevent and reduce mercury releases from their operations.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: 14 chlorine factories across the
United States.
Key Incentives: Environmental stewardship; potential new regulatory requirements under the Clean Air
Act.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Communications and voluntary
agreements. Partners have committed to cut releases of mercury by 50 percent by the year 2006. EPA
offers to engage a third party to conduct emissions monitoring at several factories to assess progress in
meeting this commitment Chlorine Institute coordinates participation by individual manufacturers.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
© Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
G Safe Food
O Waste Management Waste Site Management Emergency Response
© Reduction of Global and Cross-Border Environmental Risks
O Sound Science, Improved Understanding of Environmental Risk, Innovation
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#4A Environmental Stewardship
Other Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
#3A Outreach / Education
Page A-16 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20.1999
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601 Clean Star Texas Citv Program (Region 61
Primary Environmental Objective: Protect the environmentally sensitive Galveston Bay area, in which
Texas City is situated; all media.
Key Desired Outcomes: Improved compliance with environmental regulations by small businesses;
increased capacity by small businesses to sustain compliance; adoption of a multimedia approach to
compliance by small businesses
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. Small businesses (firms with less than 100 employees) such as auto body shops and dry
cleaners.
Key Incentives: Obtain information and technical advice (including on-site technical assessments; attain
compliance; potentially achieve reduced compliance burden associated with adoption of a multimedia
approach.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Program managers are in the
process of defining the program's approaches. May include various types of outreach; technical
assistance (e.g., program intends to provide individual assessments for smaller facilities in the area);
resource center at a local community college.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
0 Credible Deterrent to Pollution and Greater Compliance with the Law
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#4B Capacity Building
Other Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
#4A Environmental Stewardship
May 20, 1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. Page A-l 7
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605 Partnership to Help Foundries Achieve Environmental Compliance (Region 6)
Primary Environmental Objective: Reduction of pollution associated with foundries (e.g., air water
waste).
Key Desired Outcomes: Improved understanding of regulatory requirements, and methods of complying
(e.g., by attending workshops); higher rates of compliance with environmental regulatory and permit
requirements (e.g., air and water permits; RCRA requirements) by foundries in Region 6.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Foundries in Region 6.
Key Incentives: Obtain information and technical advice; take advantage of limited-duration amnesty
program while attaining compliance.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: This program, a cooperative effort
between EPA and Region 6 states, is largely concluded. Key approaches included: held workshops in
each state to educate foundries on RCRA, CAA, and CWA requirements; offered limited enforcement
amnesty for foundries for an approximately six-month period following workshop in each state, in part to
encourage them to seek technical advice; performed inspections of foundries; issued new permits to
some foundries, updated permits at others. Other activities included brokering an agreement between
foundries and the Louisiana state highway department to use spent sand from foundries for highway
construction rather than as a waste; helping change the RCRA Land Disposal Regulations as a result of
research performed at University of Colorado.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
0 Credible Deterrent to Pollution and Greater Compliance with the law
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
© Waste Management Waste Site Management, Emergency Response)
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
Other Elements of Otis Program
#1B Government Flexibility to Achieve Compliance
Page A-18 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20, 1999
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701 Pollution Prevention Awards for Environmental Excellence
(Region 7)
Primary Environmental Objective: Pollution prevention; all media.
Key Desired Outcomes: By providing awards and publicity to entities responsible for improved or
innovative environmental pollution prevention practices, the hope is that others will emulate these
practices.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. Range of potential awardees is very broad, ranging from private sector to public sector, and
range of pollution prevention activities that can be awarded is very broad (e.g., reduction of emissions of
a particular pollutant by a particular entity; development of outreach programs), although program
attempts to focus on particular themes each year (e.g., environmentally preferable procurement practices
as part of a pollution prevention program).
Key Incentives: Public recognition; positive feedback from EPA.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Program solicits nominations from
business, industry, and state and local agencies for projects in areas of interest; present awards;
publicizes awards; prepares document that summarizes projects/awards, which is sent to media and
made available via the World Wide Web.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
0 Clean and Safe Water
© Safe Food
© Waste Management, Waste Site Management, Emergency Response
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
1KB Recognition / Awards
Other Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
#4A Environmental Stewardship
May 20, 1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. PageA-19
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702 Pollution Prevention Roundtable (Region 7)
Primary Environmental Objective: Pollution prevention; all media.
Key Desired Outcomes: Improvement of effectiveness, cooperation, and information exchange among
agencies in Region 7 that run pollution prevention programs and/or provide technical assistance (e.g.,
state and local government agencies; universities; selected energy offices); wider adoption of certain
approaches (e.g., "environmentally preferable procurement" practices); greater adoption of pollution
prevention activities by business.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. State and local agencies and other entities noted above involved in pollution prevention; business
(primarily small and medium size business; many are associated with automotive industry).
Key Incentives: For participating government agencies and other technical assistance providers: obtain
information, technical advice; improve state program capacity. For businesses considering adopting
pollution prevention programs or improving existing ones: obtain technical information, training; least cost
regulatory compliance.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Periodic meetings to exchange
information and ideas; improved access to EPA resources; coordination of training and technical
assistance efforts; conferences (e.g., the Midwest Pollution Prevention Conference, which addressed
issues facing agriculture and small business). (Note: EPA is not a voting member of the Roundtable,
primarily because the Agency awards pollution prevention grants, for which some Roundtable members
are eligible to apply. Grants programs are not within the scope of this report, although the report
mentions these components of some programs.)
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
© Safe Food
© Waste Management Waste Site Management, Emergency Response
© Sound Science, Improved Understanding of Environmental Risk, Innovation
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
Other Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
#4A Environmental Stewardship
#4B Capacity Building
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
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801 Air Quality Initiative (Region 8)
Primary Environmental Objective: Air quality.
Key Desired Outcomes: Streamlining of the State Implementation Plan (SIP) application process.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: EPA itself and states.
Key Incentives: Improved efficiency; desire to make SIP process less laborious and time consuming;
potential for more regulatory flexibility as part of the process.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Outreach; at request of the Western
Governor's Association (WGA), EPA funded the preparation of a report that identified opportunities to
improve the SIP process (streamlining; regulatory flexibility). Note: Any further actions under the
program are on hold pending further proposals from WGA.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
Also Promoted by this Program
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
Other Elements of Oils Program
#1B Government Flexibility to Achieve Compliance
May 20, 1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. PageA-21
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805 Headwaters Mining Waste Initiative (Region 8)
Primary Environmental Objective: Restore environmental resources damaged by past mining
endeavors in the Rocky Mountain mineralized regions (aquatic habitat destruction; toxic metals
contamination).
Key Desired Outcomes: Reduced metals loadings and improved habitat and channel morphometry in
targeted watersheds; transferring technology from site-specific projects to region-wide application and
improved pollution prevention; improved coordination among relevant federal, state, and local agencies,
and citizens in places heavily affected by mining waste.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Mining sector. Federal, state, and
local agency participants; citizen groups; other stakeholders.
Key Incentives: Improved environmental quality in areas heavily affected by historic mining activities;
capacity building (e.g., joint priority setting processes; coordinated multi-agency and citizen action);
availability of EPA grants for specific projects.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Approach varies by site. Key
elements may include:
• Outreach and education for potentially interested parties (e.g., residents; federal landowners; citizen
groups; watershed groups), to help them understand the problems and impacts of mining wastes.
• Development of cross-program teams within Region 8 to help provide advice and technical support
(e.g., Water Division; Hazardous Waste Division; NEPA unit; public outreach specialists).
Coordination with other federal agencies (e.g., U.S. Forest Service; Bureau of Land Management); grants
program (e.g., EPA funds projects that help restore habitats, or that have the potential for testing
innovative technologies or approaches).
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
0 Waste Management, Waste Site Management, Emergency Response
Also Promoted by this Program
© Clean and Safe Water
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#4B Capacity Building
Other Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
PageA-22 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20, 1999
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806 Urban Livabilitv
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
© Safe Food
© Waste Management, Waste Site Management, Emergency Response
O Expansion of Americans' Right to Know
O Sound Science, improved Understanding of Environmental Risk, Innovation
© Credible Deterrent to Pollution and Greater Compliance with the Law
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
#4B Capacity Building
Other Elements of this Program
#1A Government Flexibility to Achieve Superior Results
#1B Government Flexibility to Achieve Compliance
May 20, 1999 ^ Cadmus Group, Inc. Page A-23
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807 Utah 2002 Olympics (Region 8)
Primary Environmental Objective: Prevention and control of pollution associated with upcoming
Olympics. Multimedia.
Key Desired Outcomes: Through cooperation, technical advice, and information sharing among federal,
state, and local government and Olympic organizers, environmental problems associated with Utah 2000
Olympics are reduced or mitigated.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Wide variety of entities, such as
Salt Lake Organizing Committee (SLOC), International Olympic Committee (IOC), Utah environmental
and health agencies, local government units, EPA itself and other federal agencies (e.g., FEMA), and
other entities that can help in effort to reduce environmental impacts of the Utah 2000 Olympics.
Key Incentives: Capacity building, including improved coordination among various government units;
information exchange; education; expert consultation and advice; improved access to relevant
government agencies.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Key approach is to address various
relevant issues in a cooperative manner (e.g., monitoring; waste/materials management; transportation;
procurement; water/sustainable buildings; and environmental education). EPA participates in the
Environmental Advisory Committee (EAC) which advises the SLOC on environmental initiatives
associated with the Utah 2000 Olympics. EPA's contribution is to draw on EPA expertise within the
region and headquarters to provide technical advice. EPA also has provided limited financial assistance
(e.g., provided $15,000 to fund a consortium of counties that are hosting Olympic venues to unify
regulations and procedures among counties, loan/trade personnel for environmental surveillance during
the games).
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
O Clean and Safe Water
© Waste Management Waste Site Management Emergency Response
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
Other Elements of this Program
#4A Environmental Stewardship
#4B Capacity Building
#5B Techniques / Practices 'Push'
Page A-24 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20,1999
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808 American Heritage Rivers (Region 8)
Primary Environmental Objective: Water quality in selected rivers.
Key Desired Outcomes: Improvement in environmental quality of designated "American Heritage
Rivers," consistent with program's other two goals: economic revitalization, and historical and cultural
preservation.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Community groups, non-profits,
local governments, and others who want improved access to array of federal agencies that can assist in
improving river quality (e.g., EPA; Agriculture; HUD; Interior).
Key Incentives: Capacity building and improved understanding of, and access to, federal government
resources; improved information exchange.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Key emphasis is on reaching out to
community groups and others to educate them on the types of available federal support (e.g., regulatory
tools); to improve their access to these agencies; and to improve federal coordination.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by Otis Program
© Clean and Safe Water
Also Promoted by this Program
© Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#4A Environmental Stewardship
Other Elements of this Program
#4B Capacity Building
May 20,1999 ^ Cadmus Group, Inc. Page A-25
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809 Problem Oil Pit Initiative (Region 8)
Primary Environmental Objective: Reduce problems associated with oil on the surface of pits (e.g.,
death of birds from contact with the oil; contamination of surrounding soil and nearby surface and ground
water).
Key Desired Outcomes: Cooperative effort among EPA, co-regulators at the federal level (e.g., Fish and
Wildlife Service; Bureau of Land Management), state level (e.g., state oil and gas commissions), and
Indian Tribes (e.g., Tribal DEQs) to identify problem oil pits, and to encourage corrective actions before
enforcement actions are taken.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Oil pit owners/operators in Region
8.
Key Incentives: Avoidance of enforcement (limited enforcement discretion is sometimes offered for
owners/operators who agree to take corrective actions); environmental stewardship; cost savings (e.g.,
sometimes associated with dosing pits).
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Key activities include:
• Using flyovers, identify problem oil pits in Region 8.
• Work in partnership with a variety of federal, state, and Indian Tribe agencies, as well as industrial
associations (e.g., Rocky Mountain Oil and Gas Association), to reach out to owners and operators of
oil pits to take appropriate actions to address the problems (e.g., installing and maintaining netting to
prevent bird contact; replacing pits with enclosed tanks; managing pits better to avoid oil
contamination).
Providing technical information: performing follow-up inspections to verify corrective actions; taking
enforcement actions as necessary.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
© Credible Deterrent to Pollution and Greater Compliance with the Law
Also Promoted by this Program
© Clean and Safe Water
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
© Waste Management Waste Site Management Emergency Response
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#1B Government Flexibility to Achieve Compliance
Other Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
#4B Capacity Building
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
Page A-26 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20,1999
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811 Community-Based Environmental Protection (Region 8)
Primary Environmental Objective: Consistent with the national CBEP program, this Region 8 program
is multimedia; it focuses on range of problems (air, water, hazardous chemicals, etc.) associated with
specific geographic areas (a "place-based" approach).
Key Desired Outcomes: Improve health of local ecosystems and quality of life in participating
communities; improved capacity of community groups and other stakeholders to understand and address
environmental problems, and to take action.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. Representatives from all levels of government, industry, agriculture, mining, recreation,
concerned citizens, Indian Tribes, and others with an interest in improving environmental quality of
particular places.
Key Incentives: Improved ability to assess problems associated with local ecosystems; framework for all
stakeholders to participate in developing common goals, priorities, and strategies and, in some cases, to
settle competing demands on natural resources; prospect of developing customized solutions that fix
identified problems; technical training; financial support to community stakeholders and coalitions.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: General approach is to use
collaborative approaches to solve unique problems associated with a particular area. Approaches on
individual projects may include: identifying geographic area of concern; encouraging participation and
involvement of all stakeholders; assessing place-specific problems, focusing on overall environmental
issues and trends in the area; developing plans aimed at meeting shared goals; taking actions through a
wide array of voluntary, educational, and regulatory activities; developing better ways for regulatory
agencies to inform, assist and involve the public.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
© Expansion of Americans' Right to Know
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#4B Capacity Building
Other Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
#4A Environmental Stewardship
May 20, 1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. PageA-27
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901 Agricultural Initiative (Region 9)
Primary Environmental Objective: Reduction of releases of agricultural chemicals to all media,
particularly soil and water.
Key Desired Outcomes: More widespread use of biologically-based farming systems (e.g., biologically
intensive, integrated pest management) that reduce dependence on, use, and associated risks of
agrichemicals.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Farmers/growers.
Key Incentives: Environmental stewardship; potential cost savings; potential competitive benefits (e.g.,
ecological labeling).
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Outreach to farmers/growers;
information sharing on sustainable agricultural practices; enlistment of commodity groups and grower's
associations (e.g., Lodi-Woodbridge Wine Grape Commission) to help convey message to
farmers/growers.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
0 Clean and Safe Water
€> Safe Food
O Reduction of Global and Cross-Border Environmental Risks
O Sound Science, Improved Understanding of Environmental Risk, Innovation
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#4A Environmental Stewardship
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
Other Elements of this Program
#2B Market Transformation
#3A Outreach / Education
Page A-28 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20, 1999
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902 Bay Area Green Business Program (Region 9)
Primary Environmental Objective: Compliance and pollution prevention; not media-specific.
Key Desired Outcomes: Businesses achieve compliance and implement pollution prevention programs
to improve their environmental performance beyond compliance.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. Businesses in the San Francisco Bay area; in practice, tends to focus on small and medium-size
businesses with retail exposure to consumers (e.g., auto body shops; print shops).
Key Incentives to Participate: Information transfer (assistance in identifying applicable environmental
regulations). Technical assistance (e.g., checklists that can be used for self-audits; review of self-audits
and recommendations for improvement; free energy audits). Cost savings associated with adoption of
pollution prevention strategies. Environmental stewardship. Public recognition by EPA, with potential for
marketing advantages.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Key elements of the approach
include the following:
• A "Green Business Team" — EPA, other federal agencies, state and local government environmental
regulatory agencies, utilities — has developed: (1) multimedia checklists covering all applicable
regulatory requirements for various industry sectors; and (2) list of potential pollution prevention
opportunities for these sectors.
• Businesses which access program's services receive the checklists, use them to perform self audits,
and submit completed checklists to the Green Business Team. (Note: Some audit assistance may
be provided. For example, utilities will perform energy efficiency audits.)
• Team reviews the submitted checklist, and then performs an on-site evaluation of the business, to
certify the results, or to identify necessary changes (e.g., regulatory requirements not yet addressed).
Green Business Team members coordinate their visits to minimize the number of visits made to each
business.
• If regulatory problems are found, business makes the required corrections. When the business has
met all required standards, it is designated as a "Green Business.'
• Green Businesses are recognized at ceremonies with local government officials and regulatory
agency heads and are authorized to use the "Green Business" logo in their advertising.
One of the program's goals is to perform public outreach to improve public recognition of the logo and to
help promote the extent to which consumers consider a company's environmental status in making
purchase decisions.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
© Credible Deterrent to Pollution and Greater Compliance with the Law
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
€> Safe Food
© Waste Management, Waste Site Management, Emergency Response
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#3B Recognition / Awards
Other Elements of this Program
#2B Market Transformation #4B Capacity Building
#3A Outreach / Education #5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
May 20, 1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. PageA-29
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903 Merit Partnership (Region 9)
Primary Environmental Objective: Pollution prevention; not media-specific, although to date has tended
to focus on water and air pollution.
Key Desired Outcomes: Greater adoption of pollution prevention practices and technologies that protect
the environment and contribute to economic growth; more widespread adoption of environmental
management systems (EMSs).
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. Regulated entities in Region 9; in practice, program focuses primarily on small and medium-size
businesses, such as metal finishers; industrial laundries. Some activities have focused on large
businesses (e.g., assistance to a large defense contractor interested in developing an EMS). Some
future initiatives may also tend to focus on large businesses (e.g., issues associated with requiring
publicly held companies to adopt EMSs in order to identify potential material environmental liabilities).
Key Incentives: Technical assistance and information transfer; environmental stewardship; possible cost
savings associated with implementation of pollution prevention; potential for reduced compliance
problems associated with implementation of an effective EMS.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Led by a steering committee (EPA;
industry; state and local government representatives) and advised by a community advisory panel
consisting of private citizens and community and environmental organization representatives; develops
materials (e.g., industry-specific EMS templates) and performs demonstration projects; performs technical
transfer activities (e.g., workshops, fact sheets, videos); enlists support of industry groups in performing
many of its activities and for outreach.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
© Credible Deterrent to Pollution and Greater Compliance with the Law
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
6 Clean and Safe Water
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
Other Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
#4A Environmental Stewardship
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
PageA-30 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20, 1999
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904 Metal Finishing Partners (Region 9)
Primary Environmental Objective: Pollution prevention associated with metal finishing operations;
multimedia.
Key Desired Outcomes: More widespread adoption of pollution prevention programs by metal finishing
companies in Region 9, and improved compliance with environmental regulations.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Metal finishing companies.
Key Incentives: Cost savings associated with implementing pollution prevention (e.g., reduced materials
usage); potential for lessening compliance liability by implementing pollution prevention; potential for
metal finishers to receive free pollution prevention assessments; technology transfer (e.g., workshops;
technology demonstrations).
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: EPA partners with metal finishing
trade associations to offer pollution prevention technical assistance. EPA provides technical content;
association helps by hosting presentations, assisting in outreach, and other aspects of implementation.
Specific activities performed include:
• Holding workshops on pollution prevention and compliance topics for metal finishing operations.
• Performing company-specific pollution prevention assessments, at no cost to companies.
Technology demonstrations: provide selected companies with assistance in implementing pollution
prevention projects (e.g., evaluation of suitability of proposed technologies and techniques; assistance in
calculating costs and payback periods); measure and evaluate results; and prepare summary reports and
fact sheets (In some cases, vendors are willing to offer lower prices to participating companies due to
the prospect of having their equipment evaluated and described in the summary reports and fact sheets.)
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
© Credible Deterrent to Pollution and Greater Compliance with the Law
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
© Waste Management, Waste Site Management, Emergency Response
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
#3A Outreach / Education
Other Elements of this Program
#4B Capacity Building
#5A Test Validate New / Innovative Techniques / Practices
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
May 20 1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. PageA-31
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1002 Evergreen Award (Region 10)
Primary Environmental Objective: Pollution prevention; does not focus on a particular environmental
medium or problem.
Key Desired Outcomes: Receipt of public recognition by companies with exemplary environmental
records; potential for emulation of practices by other companies.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. Program has stringent wide-ranging criteria for awards (e.g., in addition to reviewing
environmental practices, companies are screened for compliance with worker safety laws).
Key Incentives: Public recognition; potential for marketing advantages associated with award.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Key elements include screening
candidates and selecting companies for awards; presentation ceremonies with local dignitaries
(presentation of plaque); issuance of press releases; preparation and distribution of fact sheets. (Note:
Unlike, for example, the Environmental Leadership Program, this program does not provide for any type
of regulatory benefits such as reduced discretionary inspections.)
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by tf»/s Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
© Waste Management, Waste Site Management, Emergency Response
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#3B Recognition / Awards
Other Elements of this Program
PageA-32 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20, 1999
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1101 Pesticide Environmental Stewardship Program fHQl
Primary Environmental Objective: Reduce pesticide risks to human health and the environment with
particular emphasis on reducing risks posed by pesticides in food for infants and children.
Key Desired Outcomes: Reduced use of and risks from pesticides through adoption of Integrated Pest
Management practices.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Agriculture sector. Agricultural
and non-agricultural pesticide users ("Partners").
Key incentives: Possible public recognition; sharing of information with other partners; environmental
stewardship; possible market advantage in selling to baby food companies and other processors that
produce "pesticide-free" products; limited access to grants.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Deploy liaisons to work with Partners
to provide: information and technical assistance; support in strategy development, if requested;
information-sharing among partners. The PESP program provides dedicated grant funds for partner
education and demonstration projects and it provides public and peer recognition for environmental
stewardship. PESP supporters are organizations which are not direct users of pesticides but do influence
their use, such as food processors (e.g., Gerber and General Mills) which mandate Integrated Pest
Management. PESP supporters are an integral part of the PESP program.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
€> Safe Food
Also Promoted by this Program
& Clean and Safe Water
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
© Sound Science, Improved Understanding of Environmental Risk
O Credible Deterrent to Pollution and Greater Compliance with the Law
Program Elements
Primary Elements of tfifs Program
#4A Environmental Stewardship
#5A Test, Validate New / Innovative Techniques / Practices
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
Other Elements of this Program
#2B Market Transformation
#3A Outreach / Education
#3B Recognition / Awards
#4B Capacity Building
May 20, 1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. PageA-33
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1102 Water Alliances for Voluntary Efficiency (WAVE) (HQ1
Primary Environmental Objective: More efficient water use.
Key Desired Outcomes: Reduction of water use (and associated energy consumption) at hotels, other
commercial businesses, and institutions.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Primarily focuses on the lodging
business. Plans to broaden focus to include other businesses, schools, and hospitals.
Key Incentives: Profitable opportunities to install water-efficient equipment and implement water-efficient
procedures (e.g., reduced water and sewer expenses; savings in chemical, energy, and maintenance
costs); public recognition, with possibility that this might provide competitive advantages in competing for
customers (e.g., guests).
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Recruits Partners (e.g., hotels,
motels, and other water users); Supporters (e.g., water services companies, equipment suppliers, water
utilities); and Endorsers (e.g., trade associations, professional organizations). While the latter is being
eliminated as a stand-alone category, these entities will still be recognized in materials. Program
attempts to affect member behavior (primarily Partners) by providing water- and energy-saving ideas;
software to help Partners assess potential savings and analyze options, and which incorporates video
demonstrations, color photos and graphics, and on-line tutorials; training workshops and seminars; and
public recognition (e.g., public service ads; promotional materials).
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
0 Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
© Clean and Safe Water
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
Other Elements of this Program
#2B Market Transformation
#3A Outreach / Education
#3B Recognition / Awards
#4A Environmental Stewardship
#5B Techniques / Practices'Push"
Page A-34 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20, 1999
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1103 33/50 Program fHQl
Primary Environmental Objective: Reduce discharges to the environment (or transfers to waste
treatment facilities) of 17 high-priority toxic chemicals. Not media-specific, but heaviest emphasis in
practice was on air emissions.
Key Desired Outcomes: A 33% reduction by 1992 and a 50% reduction by 1995 of the release to the
environment or transfer of 17 high-priority pollutants reported to the Toxic Releases Inventory in 1988.
(Note: This goal was achieved, and the program was concluded, having met this objective.)
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect Not limited to any particular
sector. Industrial companies and other companies (about 1,300 companies participate in this program).
Key Incentives: Environmental stewardship; public recognition, including incentives related to improved
community relations and public image; availability of technical assistance and information exchange (e.g.
conferences for participants focusing on pollution prevention methods); potential for participating
companies to be eligible for the Early Emissions Reduction provision of the CAAA.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: EPA selected 17 chemicals to be
covered by the program, primarily based on their toxicity, potential for high exposure, volume of
production and release, and potential for pollution reduction and prevention. The Program next
announced its goals (the 33/50 goals). The Program invited companies in phases, first focusing on
largest 600 emitters of these chemicals as recorded in the Toxics Release Inventory, then focusing on
others. Key subsequent activities included:
• Program recognized a company's participation in the program when it submitted a written, voluntary
pledge to EPA specifying a numerical goal.
• EPA sponsored pollution prevention workshops and conferences for participants, which included
training and information components, and which facilitated collaborative action among participants).
• EPA provided technical assistance to participants (e.g., information dissemination; industry-specific
source reduction guidance; referral of participants to training courses, other sources of assistance).
EPA monitored results, and once goals were achieved the Agency concluded the program (although
companies have been encouraged to continue their reduction activities).
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
O Expansion of Americans' Right to Know
© Sound Science, Improved Understanding of Environmental Risk, Innovation
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#4A Environmental Stewardship
Other Elements of this Program
#1A Government Flexibility to Achieve Superior Results
#3A Outreach / Education
#3B Recognition / Awards
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
May 20, 1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. Page A-35
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1104 Project XL (HQ)
Primary Environmental Objective: Improved environmental performance; specific objectives depend on
project-specific agreements; not media-specific.
Key Desired Outcomes: Using innovative strategies encompassing regulatory policy and procedural
flexibility where appropriate, identify and implement innovative ways of achieving better and more cost-
effective public health and environmental protection than could be achieved using conventional regulatory
and policy approaches. Overall intent is to perform real world test of different strategies.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. Entities regulated by EPA. (e.g., can include companies, federal facilities, communities, states).
Successful applicants must have good history of compliance with EPA regulations, and successful
proposals must have alternative environmental protection strategies that meet a number of criteria,
including but not limited to, superior environmental performance, regulatory, policy and procedural
flexibility, stakeholder involvement accountability and feasibility, likelihood of producing lessons that
could be transferable to other facilities, and avoidance of shifting the risk burden,
Key Incentives: Cost savings; superior environmental performance; regulatory, policy or procedural
flexibility.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Key participants in program include
direct participant-stakeholders and commentors (e.g., people with direct interest in project but do not
directly participate in the negotiation of the project). Program includes a comprehensive process for
submittal and review of applications. Final Project Agreements (FPAs) are negotiated, and these
negotiations include the sponsor, EPA, state agencies, other co-regulators, and stakeholders. Issues
addressed in negotiations include innovation to be tested, the specific superior environmental
performance objectives to be achieved, the types and level of flexibility that EPA and other regulators will
provide, conditions to be met, and how results will be monitored and reported.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
O Sound Science, Improved Understanding of Environmental Risk, Innovation
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
O Expansion of Americans' Right to Know
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#1A Government Flexibility to Achieve Superior Results
Other Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
#5A Test, Validate New / Innovative Techniques / Practices
Page A-36 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20, 1999
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1105 Environmental Leadership Program (HQ)
Primary Environmental Objective: Not specific to an individual environmental problem or medium.
Focus is on pollution prevention; compliance and "beyond compliance" with environmental laws.
Key Desired Outcomes: Companies with exemplary environmental records continue to perform well;
other companies (e.g., competitors) emulate ELP participants, in part as a result of mentoring by ELP
participants.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. Companies with exemplary environmental records, including compliance with requirements,
pollution prevention, community outreach/employee involvement programs, and environmental
enhancement activities; other companies who might view actions taken by ELP participants as good
practices to emulate.
Key Incentives: Public recognition, including right to use ELP logo, with attendant potential marketing
benefits; reduction or modification of discretionary inspections for duration of ELP participation; a "self-
correction" period for violations to be corrected without a civil penalty action being taken against the
facility, contingent on certain conditions having been met; information exchange with other ELP
participants (e.g., regarding design of Environmental Management Systems). Other companies: might be
incentivized to emulate ELP participants for competitive reasons; might adopt improved practices partly in
hope of being accepted into the program.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: To date, program has had successful
pilot efforts. Program is not yet fully implemented.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
© Safe Food
© Credible Deterrent to Pollution and Greater Compliance with the Law
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#1B Government Flexibility to Achieve Compliance
#3B Recognition / Awards
Other Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
May 20,1999 The Cadmus Group. Inc. Page A-37
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1106 Design for the Environment (HQ)
Primary Environmental Objective: Pollution prevention; not media-specific.
Key Desired Outcomes: Reduction and prevention of pollution from particular industrial and
manufacturing sectors: printed wiring boards, computer displays, screen printing, lithography,
flexography, garment and textile care, metal finishing, auto refinishing, and industrial laundries. Greater
incorporation of environmental concerns into the traditional decision-making parameters of cost and
performance in these industries.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. Industry and business decision-makers at ail levels, such as managers, industrial design
engineers, materials specifiers, and buyers, in the industrial sectors noted above.
Key Incentives: Cost reductions associated with pollution prevention (e.g., compliance costs; materials
costs); potential for reducing regulatory burdens associated with implementing pollution prevention;
availability of relevant, practical technical information; potential improvements in community relations and
marketing benefits associated with adoption of pollution prevention programs.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Selected key activities include:
• Evaluation of the environmental and human health risks, performance and cost aspects of alternative
and existing manufacturing processes, products, technologies, and systems.
• Dissemination of findings to all interested parties, using a variety of outreach tools (e.g., workshops,
fact sheets, bulletins, pollution prevention case studies, software, videos, training material).
• Technical assistance to businesses to help them plan how to implement new technologies and
processes identified through the program.
• Training on communication strategies that businesses can use to publicize the adoption of new
processes that reduce risks to workers and the environment, while maintaining or improving
performance and product quality.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
0 Clean and Safe Water
© Sound Science, Improved Understanding of Environmental Risk, Innovation
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
Other Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
#2B Market Transformation
#5A Test Validate New / Innovative Techniques / Practices
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
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1108 State and Local Outreach Program (HQ)
Primary Environmental Objective: Capacity building at the state and local level to mitigate greenhouse
gas emissions.
Key Desired Outcomes: Improved capacity of state and local governments to understand the risks and
impacts of climate change, to assess their responsibilities and capabilities for helping reduce emissions of
greenhouse gases (e.g., due to their jurisdiction over activities that contribute to greenhouse gases,
including land use, transportation, land use, waste management construction practices), and to
implement policies that will assist in mitigation.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: State and local governments.
Key Incentives: Energy and cost savings for state and local governments; co-benefits (i.e. improved
quality of life for citizens, cleaner air); cost savings for citizens (e.g., through improvements in energy
efficiency and use of renewables).
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Key program activities include:
• Development of emissions inventories.
• Workshops, training, innovative demonstration projects.
• Technical and financial assistance. For example, the program provided financial and technical
assistance to the Interstate Renewable Energy Council, which produced a reference tool for state
purchases of renewable energy products. The program provided assistance to the International
Council for Local Environmental Initiatives, which undertook a "Cities for Climate Protection" program.
• Guidance documents and reference materials, software tools and analytical models. Data base
about other states' activities.
• Opportunities for public recognition.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
© Reduction of Global and Cross-Border Environmental Risk
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#4A Environmental Stewardship
#4B Capacity Building
Other Elements of this Program
©A Cost Savings
#3A Outreach / Education
#5B Technique / Practices "Push"
U-S-EP* Headquarters Library
Ma" code 3201 y
NW
ton DC 20460
May 20, 1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. PageA-39
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1110 Waste Minimization National Plan (HQ1
Primary Environmental Objective: Reduce presence of the most persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic
chemicals in hazardous waste.
Key Desired Outcomes: Reduction in volume and toxicity of hazardous waste, with a preference for
source reduction, followed by environmentally-sound recycling as the preferred methods for managing
waste, in contrast to treatment and disposal.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. Any entity that generates persistent bioaccumulative and toxic chemicals in hazardous waste.
Key Incentives: Cost savings; reduced impacts of RCRA requirements; environmental stewardship;
exhibit community leadership and build better community relations.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Program provides referrals, technical
information, and guidance on priority chemicals for waste minimization; waste minimization case studies;
documents that specify waste minimization opportunities for selected wastestreams and industries (e.g.,
petroleum refining industry); training modules for identifying waste minimization opportunities during
discussions related to permitting, inspections, and enforcement; and contact lists. Program plans to
release a priority ranking of approximately 50 most problematic chemicals. With respect to individual
waste generators, program hopes they will: identify the most persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic
chemicals in their waste; determine which processes in the facilities generate wastes that include these
chemicals; set specific waste minimization goals; develop plans for achieving reduction goals using
source reduction and environmentally-sound recycling alternatives to eliminate or reduce these
chemicals; measure progress.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
0 Clean and Safe Water
© Waste Management, Waste Site Management, Emergency Response
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
#3A Outreach / Education
#4A Environmental Stewardship
Other Elements of this Program
#4B Capacity Building
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
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1111 Climate Wise Recognition Program (HQ>
Primary Environmental Objective: Reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Key Desired Outcomes: Manufacturers and other companies adopt a variety of energy efficiency
measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. Industrial companies.
Key Incentives: Cost savings associated with energy efficiency. Availability of technical assistance (e.g.,
from U.S. DOE service centers to help participating companies develop action plans that address specific
energy efficiency measures and methods of collecting data to measure progress; help in identifying state
and local government resources). Availability of information (e.g., peer exchange activities; help in
identifying financial information). Potential for regulatory flexibility from state and local governments that
participate in the program. Public recognition.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: U.S. EPA and U.S. DOE work
collaboratively on this program, and also enlist the support of state and local governments and others
(e.g., to help recruit industrial companies). Industrial companies that agree to become partners identify
cost-effective energy efficiency and pollution prevention activities, submit a "Climate Wise Action Plan"
after joining, and periodically report on their progress on a voluntary basis. Key activities of the program
include:
• Recruiting industrial companies to be partners in the program.
• Providing various types of technical support and information to partners (e.g., energy and waste
assessment audits; consultation with one of DOE's national laboratories; publications such as the
"Climate Wise Opportunities Assessment Guide"; compendia of case studies) and helping partners
identify other resources and information.
• Helping match partners with potential financing sources (e.g., private sector financing; SBA loan
guarantees; state financing programs).
• Providing for opportunities for partners to exchange information and ideas (e.g., "Climate Wise
Business-to-Business" and "Peer Exchange" workshops).
Providing public recognition to partners (e.g., awards program; public service announcements; writing
articles for placement in journals).
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
© Reduction of Global and Cross-Border Environmental Risk
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
#38 Recognition/Awards
Other Elements of this Program
#1A Government Flexibility to Achieve Superior Results
#2A Cost Savings
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
May 20. 1999
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1112 indoor Environments Program fHQ>
Primary Environmental Objective: Improved air quality in indoor environments.
Key Desired Outcomes: More widespread adoption by individuals and institutions of practices that will
reduce indoor air quality risks. EPA has established criteria for progress for a milestone year 2005.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Buildings sector. Building
designers, owners, and custodians, others with a stake in quality of building environment. School
buildings represent a focal point of EPA's outreach efforts.
Key Incentives: Environmental stewardship (protection of human health).
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: EPA recruits partners who include
State governments and a wide array of public (notably, schools) and associations (e.g., American Lung
Association, American Medical Association and the National Association of Counties; and through them,
hundreds of state and local affiliated programs). EPA and its partners develop and disseminate
information and guidance on solution-based technologies for controlling indoor air quality. EPA develops
quantitative public health targets for indoor air contaminants, prepares action plans to influence indoor
environments being created, improves public awareness, conducts scientific studies to fill data gaps, and
disseminates relevant technical information.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
Also Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
O Expansion of Americans'Right to Know
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
#4A Environmental Stewardship
Other Elements of this Program
MB Capacity Building
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
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1113AgStar(HQ)
Primary Environmental Objective: Reduction of emissions of methane, a potent greenhouse gas.
Key Desired Outcomes: More widespread adoption by livestock operations of cost-effective methods to
reduce methane emissions through manure management and to enhance water quality.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Confined livestock operations;
main focus on swine and dairy industries.
Key Incentives: Increased business efficiency and profitability (e.g., allows operators to capture more
value from livestock feed by capturing methane and routing it to other energy uses on the farm);
environmental stewardship (e.g., improved air and water quality); co-benefits (e.g., helps hog and dairy
farmers respond to community and local government pressure to reduce odors related to operations);
public relations benefits (e.g., through recognition provided to AgSTAR participants).
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Program enlists support of allies
(e.g., manufacturers of equipment and service providers) and electric utilities ("green power" and
services). Key elements of program include:
• Outreach and technical support (e.g., provision of technical information to livestock operators to
educate them on the availability of cost-effective methods for reducing methane emissions; provision
of tools and guidance to help operators survey their facilities and determine whether the installation of
methane recovery systems would be financially and environmentally desirable).
• Public recognition (e.g., "AgSTAR Partner Farm" signs).
• Technical evaluations (e.g., demonstration farm program, which helps establish technical credibility).
• "Farmer to Farmer" extension and public evaluation.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
© Reduction of Global and Cross-Border Environmental Risks
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
0 Clean and Safe Water
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
© Waste Management Waste Site Management, Emergency Response
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#2B Market Transformation
Other Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
#3A Outreach / Education
#3B Recognition / Awards
#4A Environmental Stewardship
#5A Test Validate New / Innovative Techniques / Practices
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
May 20,1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. PageA-43
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1114 Coalbed Methane Outreach Program (HQ)
Primary Environmental Objective: Reduce emissions of methane from coal mines, a large
anthropogenic source of emissions of this potent greenhouse gas.
Key Desired Outcomes: Encourage owners/operators of coal mines to capture methane that otherwise
would be vented to the atmosphere, primarily to sell it to pipeline companies or to use it on-site (e.g., as
an input to on-site turbines).
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Coal mine owners and operators.
Key Incentives: Potential profitability of methane recovery projects.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Program identifies barriers and
removes obstacles to profitable methane recovery projects by: disseminating technical information to coal
mine owners and operators; performing market research and technical analysis to identify coal mines that
are good candidates for profitable methane recovery projects; meeting with representatives of candidate
coal mines to explain the potential profits associated with projects, and to spur various actions; helping
match potential parties to a deal (e.g., matching gas recovery developers and coal mines; matching
pipeline companies and coal mines).
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
© Reduction of Global and Cross-Border Environmental Risks
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#2B Market Transformation
Other Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
#4A Environmental Stewardship
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
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1115 ENERGY STAR5" Buildings and Green Lights* Partnership (HCH
Primary Environmental Objective: Reduce emissions of greenhouse gases associated with energy use.
Key Desired Outcomes: Improve the energy efficiency of commercial and industrial buildings. This will
result in reducing the use of electricity and other types of energy, which in turn can reduce emissions of
greenhouse gases associated with the combustion of fossil fuels.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Owners and operators of
commercial and industrial buildings.
Key Incentives: Potential for profitable investments in improved energy efficiency; ability to obtain
unbiased technical information about upgrades and related topics, and how to buy energy efficiency
services; marketing and competitive advantages associated with improving energy efficiency in buildings
(e.g., advantages in attracting tenants; increased resale value).
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Partnership provides information,
technical support, and technical advice to Partners. Key activities include the following:
• To help spur consumer (i.e., tenant) demand for energy efficient buildings, Partnership is developing
a label that can be earned for buildings that meet tough energy efficiency standards, and which might
help attract tenants, achieve higher rents, or increase building resale value.
• Partnership is helping spur market penetration of certain energy-efficient technologies (e.g., non-
incandescent exit signs), which will help lower the unit costs of such items.
• Partnership is helping develop more consistent definitions of various types of energy efficiency
services, to help reduce transactions costs and uncertainties for building owners who are considering
purchasing such services.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
© Reduction of Global and Cross-Border Environmental Risks
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#2B Market Transformation
Other Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
#3A Outreach / Education
#4B Capacity Building
#5A Test Validate New / Innovative Techniques / Practices
May 20, 1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. Page A-45
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1116 ENERGY STARSM Labels (HQ1
Primary Environmental Objective: Reduce emissions of greenhouse gases associated with the production of
energy.
Key Desired Outcomes: Increased market demand for and use of various types of energy efficient equipment
and devices used in homes, commercial settings, and by utilities themselves (e.g., energy efficient transformers);
design and construction of homes that are more energy efficient (e.g., advanced insulation; high-performance
windows); reduction in unit costs and associated drop in market prices for certain types of energy efficiency
equipment, such as geothermal heat pumps, due to increased market penetration and production levels; technical
innovation (e.g., sophisticated integration of power management in certain consumer audio products).
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Consumers and other purchasers of
residential and commercial equipment covered by the labeling program; homeowners and prospective home buyers;
manufacturers of equipment and products covered by the labeling program; engineers/designers/specifiers;
distributors; vendors.
Key Incentives: Manufacturers: Competitive advantages associated with the right to display the ENERGY STAR
label on their products. Market-driven incentives to produce energy-efficient products and to continue to innovate to
meet consumer demand for such products. Consumers: Program promotes label recognition among purchasers by
communicating the cost-saving and environmental benefits associated with purchasing ENERGY STAR compliant
equipment The program would like to transform the market to the point where consumers and purchasers routinely
consider energy efficiency in their purchase decisions, with the incentives of saving money (e.g.. lower utility bills for
homeowners) or higher home resale values. Other purchasers (e.g., utility managers and building managers who
purchase energy efficient transformers): Lower operating costs and potential competitive advantages.
Engineers/designers/specifiers: Ability to differentiate services in market (e.g., as building owners become more
aware of benefits of using energy efficient transformers). Builders: Competitive advantages (e.g., builders of homes
can differentiate their offerings).
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: The specific approach vanes for different
products or practices covered by the labeling program. Key elements typically include:
• In cooperation with industry, specification of technologically feasible and practical energy efficiency benchmarks
for various types of residential and commercial equipment and appliances and various aspects of home design.
• Implementation of a program whereby manufacturers or builders earn the right to display the ENERGY STAR label
on their products that meet the specifications. In some cases, development of memoranda of understanding
(MOUs) with manufacturers or purchasers.
• Outreach and education to consumers and other purchasers regarding the long-term cost savings and
environmental benefits of purchasing more energy efficient products, particularly those with the ENERGY STAR
label.
• Outreach and provision of technical information, including workshops, software, and case studies (e.g., to help
manufacturers and builders understand the competitive advantages associated with the label and (earn how to
market energy efficient products and homes; to help utilities and specifiers evaluate total ownership costs for
transformers of varying levels of efficiency).
• Development of technical support tools (e.g., software tools to help utilities and specifiers evaluate total
ownership costs for transformers of varying levels of efficiency).
• Facilitation of technological innovation (e.g., integrated power management in consumer audio products).
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
0 Reduction of Global and Cross-Border Environmental Risks
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#28 Market Transformation
Other Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings #3B Recognition/Awards #5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
#3A Outreach / Education #5A Test, Validate New / Innovative Techniques / Practices
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1120 Environmental Accounting Project (HQ>
Primary Environmental Objective: Pollution prevention; not media-specific.
Key Desired Outcomes: Owners and managers of businesses more fully understand the full spectrum of
their environmental costs (which are often indirect, hidden, or contingent) and integrate these costs into
decision-making, to identify cost-effective opportunities to prevent pollution and eliminate wastes.
Owners and managers more fully understand other benefits of better environmental performance, even if
they cannot be strictly quantified, and integrate these benefits into their decision-making.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. Business owners and managers.
Key Incentives: Closer tracking of full spectrum of environmental costs and benefits, which can lead to
improved business decision-making, including decisions that are both financially superior and beneficial
to the environment
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Selected key approaches include:
recruiting a network of members from industry, academia, government, and environmental organizations;
outreach and education, including case studies (e.g., Searching for the Profit in Pollution Prevention:
Case Studies in the Corporate Evaluation of Environmental Opportunities), benchmark surveys, and
general and industry-specific guides to environmental accounting; preparation of a primer that is used in
business school environmental management courses and in corporate environmental training. Currently
partnering with two software companies to integrate environmental accounting into their commercially
available small business accounting software.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
0 Clean and Safe Water
€ Safe Food
0 Waste Management, Waste Site Management, Emergency Response
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
#4B Capacity Building
Other Elements of this Program
#2B Market Transformation
#3A Outreach / Education
#3B Recognition / Awards
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
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1121 Green Chemistry Proaram/Green Chemistry Challenge (HQ)
Primary Environmental Objective: Pollution prevention; not media-specific.
Key Desired Outcomes: Chemical manufacturers: more widespread adoption of pollution prevention methods associated
with how some chemicals are developed and manufactured. Other manufacturers: reductions in use of hazardous chemicals in the
manufacture of other, non-chemical products (e.g., solvent use in a metal fabricating plant or in other industrial applications).
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Chemical industry (individual companies
and trade associations such as the CMA). Other manufacturers that purchase and use chemicals in their processes. Academia
(principle investigators who are researching today the methods that industry will use tomorrow).
Key Incentives to Participate: Cost savings associated with adoption of pollution prevention strategies. Environmental
stewardship. Public recognition by EPA and peers. (Note: Green chemistry research grants are also given to academics and other
non-profits for research that can directly benefit industry.)
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Selected key elements of the program's
approach include:
• Supporting research. EPA supports fundamental research in green chemistry in order to provide chemically viable tools and
methods necessary to develop products and processes that are more environmentally benign. These opportunities include a
number of industry/university/govemment consortia as well as an annual Technologies for a Sustainable Environment"
solicitation administered in partnership with the National Science Foundation. EPA's Small Business Innovation Research
Program (SBIR) is also expanding its solicitation to include green chemistry research grants for small businesses.
• Recognition. EPA supports activities to recognize outstanding accomplishments in green chemistry that have been used to
achieve pollution prevention and reduce risks to human health and the environment to promote the research, development,
and implementation of technologies that are environmentally benign. The Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge, for
example, was established as part of the Reinventing Environmental Regulations Initiative to •promote pollution prevention and
• industrial ecology through a new EPA Design for the Environment partnership with the chemical industry." Through high level
recognition and support, this program promotes innovative developments in and uses of green chemistry for pollution
prevention. By offering environmentally benign alternatives to the more hazardous chemicals that are often required in
consumer and industrial uses, the technologies recognized through the program are reducing the hazards associated with the
design, manufacture, and use of chemicals. Partnering organizations represent academia. industry, other government
agencies, scientific societies, trade organizations, national laboratories, and research centers.
• Performing outreach and disseminating information. For pollution prevention through green chemistry to become a standard in
industry and academia, both the concept and the science must be effectively communicated to all sectors of industry, at all
levels of chemical education, and to the scientific community in general. EPA supports a number of outreach projects,
including participating in and organizing prominent scientific meetings and workshops (such as the annual National Green
Chemistry and Engineering Conference and its affiBated workshops, as well as the annual Gordon Research Conference on
Green Chemistry) pubBshing in scientific journals and books, and providing information on green chemistry technologies
collected through its research and recognition activities via publications and the Internet
• Developing training materials. As part of scientific outreach efforts aimed at promoting wide-spread pollution prevention
practices, it is imperative that chemists be formafly educated about pollution prevention concepts during both their academic
and professional training. To accomplish this goal, EPA supports a variety of educational efforts that include the development
of materials, courses, and multimedia tools to assist in the training of professional chemists in industry and education of
students in academia. EPA's partners in these efforts include the Partnership for Environmental Technology Education (PETE)
and the American Chemical Society (ACS).
• Developing computational tools and databases.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
#3B Recognition / Awards
Other Elements of this Program
#4A Environmental Stewardship
#5A Test, Validate New / Innovative Techniques / Practices
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
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1122 Landfill Methane Outreach Program (HQi
Primary Environmental Objective: Reduce emissions of methane from landfills, one of the country's
largest anthropogenic sources of this potent greenhouse gas.
Key Desired Outcomes: Landfill owners invest in profitable projects to recover methane (e.g., install
landfill gas-to-energy technology and sell the electricity to utilities; remove impurities and sell the
upgraded gas to utilities or industries via pipeline).
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Landfill operators; utilities; pipeline
companies or industrial buyers of recovered methane; energy project developers.
Key Incentives: Potential profitability of landfill gas-to-energy projects.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: LMOP spurs development of
environmentally and economically beneficial landfill gas-to-energy projects and other methane recovery
projects by. helping overcome information barriers through outreach programs (e.g.. newsletters,
conferences); providing software tools to help identify candidate landfills and to assess economic
feasibility of projects at specific landfills; helping match landfill operators with potential buyers (e.g.,
utilities); helping overcome regulatory barriers, such as convincing states to apply flexibility in setting NOx
permit conditions for on-site equipment; helping utilities understand the potential competitive advantages
of purchasing electricity from this source as part of their 'green marketing" programs; helping spur
consumer demand for electricity generated from landfill methane; encouraging states and others who
certify "green power" to certify landfill methane-based generation as a "green" source. The program
enlists the support of a variety of industry allies (e.g., gas-to-energy developers; equipment suppliers).
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
© Reduction of Global and Cross-Border Environmental Risks
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Pollution Prevention (Communities. Homes. Workplaces. Ecosystems)
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#2B Market Transformation
Other Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
#3A Outreach / Education
#4A Environmental Stewardship
#4B Capacity Building
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
May 20, 1999
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1123 Natural Gas STAR Program (HQ)
Primary Environmental Objective: Reduce emissions of methane, a potent greenhouse gas.
Key Desired Outcomes: Adoption by the natural gas industry of technologies and methods that result in
the reduction of methane emissions during the production, transmission and distribution of natural gas.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Natural gas production
companies, interstate natural gas pipeline companies, local gas distribution companies.
Key Incentives: Natural gas producers: Improvements in operating efficiency and profitability, by
reducing operational costs and increasing yield. Recognition and credit for methane emission reduction
activities. Opportunities to share information among industry and with EPA on promising reduction
approaches or technologies. Pipeline companies: Improvements in their pipeline safety. Distribution
companies: Increases in their system's safety; profitability opportunities, by decreasing the amount of gas
they need to purchase, and to gain "green" marketing advantage with their customers.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Identify sources of methane leaks,
and cost-effective solutions for reducing or eliminating the leaks. Encourage companies, through
partnerships with EPA, to implement these solutions. The resulting reduction in industry's methane
emissions will advance EPA's methane reduction objectives and directly benefit each Natural Gas STAR
partner since methane or natural gas is the commodity that they sell and buy. Key activities include:
• Creating, providing, and facilitating the exchange of technical information (e.g., by conducting
engineering and economic studies; supporting industry R&D; providing the current technical and
economic data on the program's best management practices; jointly developing case studies with its
partners; developing evaluation tools).
• Promotes information transfer (e.g., workshops; training courses and materials).
• Helps its partners in overcoming regulatory barriers that impede successful implementation of their
STAR partnership (e.g., potential regulatory barriers to the use of some types of equipment).
• Provides a dear mechanism for annually reporting and tracking partner reduction activities ensuring
that partners are given full credit for their partnership.
• Provides public recognition and promotional assistance (e.g., annual awards program; writing
technical articles and placing public service announcements in industry journals; a promotional kit
developed for internal and external use by partners).
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
Q Reduction of Global and Cross-Border Environmental Risks
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#2B Market Transformation
#5A Test, Validate New / Innovative Techniques / Practices
Other Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
#3A Outreach / Education
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
Page A-50 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20, 1999
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1124 The Ruminant Livestock Efficiency Program fHQ)
Primary Environmental Objective: Reduction of emissions of methane, a potent greenhouse gas.
Key Desired Outcomes: More widespread adoption of certain practices in livestock operations that will
increase efficiency of milk and meat production while reducing the amount of methane emitted per unit of
milk or meat produced.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Beef and dairy producers, with a
focus on less efficient operations.
Key Incentives: Greater efficiency and profitability; environmental stewardship; opportunities for
information exchange with other operators.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: This program is a collaborative effort
between EPA and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Key elements of program include:
• Outreach, education, and technical transfer (e.g., conferences; direct outreach to livestock operators
by USDA staff) to help operators understand approaches and techniques to achieve greater efficiency
(e.g., strategic dietary supplementation; improved grazing management practices; improved animal
health practices).
• Demonstration farms (USDA visits frequently and monitors results, which are incorporated into the
outreach and technical transfer efforts).
• Innovative efforts such as helping develop "Grazing Clubs' to help operators in particular geographic
areas share information and to work together to define their specific needs for technical support from
USDA.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
0 Reduction of Global and Cross-Border Environmental Risks
Also Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
© Clean and Safe Water
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#2B Market Transformation
Other Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
#4A Environmental Stewardship
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
May 20, 1999 T*"* Cadmus Group, Inc. p<*ge A~S1
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1125 Transportation Partners (HQ1
Primary Environmental Objective: Reduction of emissions of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas,
associated with the transportation sector.
Key Desired Outcomes: Adoption of measures that reduce vehicle miles traveled, such as transit- and
pedestrian-oriented community design.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Transportation sector; local
governments; citizens' organizations; and Climate Wise corporate partners.
Key Incentives: Benefits that are concomitant to reduction of vehicle miles traveled, such as reduction of
traffic congestion; increases in worker productivity; improved air quality; improved water quality through
the reduction of paved, impervious surfaces; improvements in neighborhood safety and liability; and
beneficial tax implications.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Outreach to potential participants;
technical support; public recognition of participants' efforts.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Clean Air
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
© Reduction of Global and Cross-Border Environmental Risks
Also Promoted by this Program
© Clean and Safe Water
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#4B Capacity Building
Other Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
#2B Market Transformation
#3A Outreach / Education
#3B Recognition / Awards
#4A Environmental Stewardship
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
PageA-52 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20, 1999
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1126 Voluntary Aluminum Industrial Partnership (HQ1
Primary Environmental Objective: Reduce emissions of two perfluorocarbon (PFC) gases that are
among the most potent and long-lived of all greenhouse gases.
Key Desired Outcomes: Reduced emissions of PFC gases from aluminum manufacturing.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Aluminum manufacturers.
Key Incentives: Energy savings (approximately one-third of aluminum manufacturing cost is energy).
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Partnership provides a mechanism
for exchanging information, helping manufacturers improve their capabilities to estimate and measure
emissions, and to help develop and evaluate process control measures. Partnership provides recognition
to companies participating in the VAIP Program; facilitates Partner documentation of individual and sector
progress regarding emissions reductions.
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
© Reduction of Global and Cross-Border Environmental Risks
Also Promoted by Otis Program
O Clean Air
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
© Sound Science, Improved Understanding of Environmental Risk, Innovation
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
#5A Test Validate New / Innovative Techniques / Practices
Other Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
#2B Market Transformation
#3B Recognition / Awards
#4A Environmental Stewardship
#4B Capacity Building
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
May 20, 1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. Poge A-53
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1127 WasteWise Program fHQ)
Primary Environmental Objective: Reduction of municipal solid waste (e.g., corrugated containers;
office paper; yard trimmings).
Key Desired Outcomes: Participants set and achieve goals related to waste prevention, recycling
collection, and purchase or manufacture of recycled products.
Key Sectors/Entities Whose Actions the Program Seeks to Affect: Not limited to any particular
sector. State, local, and tribal governments, hospitals, universities, non-profit organizations, small,
medium-size and large businesses.
Key Incentives: Primary emphasis is on cost savings opportunities (by eliminating municipal sold waste
and associated disposal expenses; by reducing materials purchases); information and technical
assistance; mechanisms for information exchange with other entities; public recognition; potential
employee relations and community relations advantages associated with earning right to display the
WasteWise logo.
Key Methods the Program Uses to Encourage Desired Actions: Under this program, companies
voluntarily submit "Goals Identification" forms specifying their goals relevant to the program. EPA reviews
the form (e.g., to ensure it addresses the appropriate types of waste). Companies accepted into the
program are sent a package of information and camera-ready copies of the logo. Key activities in support
of participants include:
• Sponsoring workshops and various networking forums (e.g., for partners and other organizations
interested in the program to share information on how to start a successful waste reduction program).
• Preparing and distributing publications to partners and other interested parties (e.g., tip sheets, waste
reduction guides, directories of resources), and providing participants password-protected access to a
web page that contains technical assistance information.
• Providing public recognition (e.g., awards program; describing success stories in various publications;
placing public service announcements in publications such as Business Week).
• Allowing participating organizations that meet certain criteria to use the WasteWise logo (e.g., in
connection with their products; in employee newsletters). (Note: The program imposes strict
limitations on its use for marketing purposes.)
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
Primarily Promoted by this Program
O Pollution Prevention (Communities, Homes, Workplaces, Ecosystems)
Also Promoted by this Program
0 Waste Management Waste Site Management, Emergency Response
Program Elements
Primary Elements of this Program
#2A Cost Savings
Other Elements of this Program
#3A Outreach / Education
#3B Recognition / Awards
#5B Techniques / Practices "Push"
Page A-54 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20, 1999
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APPENDIX B
EPA Staff Interviewed
-------
APPENDIX B
EPA Staff interviewed
Anscombe, Frank (EPA Region 5; Chlor-Alkali Industry Mercury Reduction Project)
Bailey, Kathleen (EPA Headquarters; Common Sense Initiative)
Batka, Sheila (EPA Region 5; Indoor Air Quality Program)
Cabot, Jim (EPA Region 1; Center for Environmental Industry and Technology)
Callier, Jim (EPA Region 7; Pollution Prevention Awards for Environmental Excellence)
Capacasa, John (EPA Region 3; Businesses for the Bay)
Chang, Tai-ming (EPA Headquarters; Environmental Leadership Program)
Cliburn, Chad (EPA Region 5; Waste Minimization Opportunity Assessment)
Coe, Edmund (EPA Headquarters; Landfill Methane Outreach Program)
Daly, Richard (EPA Region 3; Business Assistance Center)
Dolin, Eric (EPA Headquarters; Voluntary Aluminum Industrial Program)
Dunn, Jim (EPA Region 8; Headwaters Mining Waste Initiative)
Engler, Richard (EPA Headquarters; Green Chemistry)
Feeder, Paul (EPA Region 9; Agriculture Initiative)
Feldman, Barry (EPA Region 6; Clean Star Texas City Program; Partnership to Help
Foundries Achieve Environmental Compliance)
Flowers, John (EPA Headquarters; WAVE)
Gangmark, Carolyn (EPA Region 10; Evergreen Award; PPCC)
Gillam, Dean (EPA Region 8; Utah 2002 Olympics)
Hamilton, Karen (EPA Region 8; Community-Based Environmental Protection)
Heimlich, Doug (EPA Headquarters; Waste Minimization National Plan)
Hill, Annette (EPA Region 4; Sustainable Challenge Grants)
Hogan, Kathleen (EPA Headquarters; APPD)
Leslie, Anne (EPA Headquarters; Pesticide Environmental Stewardship Program)
Kampf, Rich (EPA Region 3; PPCC)
Kaplan, Phil (EPA Region 5; Great Printers; Greater Chicago Pollution Prevention
Alliance; U.S. Auto Project)
Komp, Mark (EPA Region 8; Urban Liability Initiative)
Lawrence, Rob (EPA Region 6; PPCC)
Lee, Virginia (EPA Headquarters; APPD)
Lillich, Ron (EPA Region 8; Oil Pit Initiative)
May 20, 1999
The Cadmus Group, Inc. Page B-l
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Lupinnaci, Jean (EPA Headquarters; ENERGY STAR Buildings51* and Green Lights
Partnerships®)
Magnuson, Leif (EPA Region 9; Bay Area Green Business; Metal Finishing Partnership;
PPCC)
Mansur, Sally (EPA Region 1; New England Environmental Assistance Team)
Matthews, Marc (EPA Region 7; Region 7 Pollution Prevention Roundtable)
McDowell, Susan (EPA Region 3; Green Communities)
McLaughlin, Chet (EPA Region 7; PPCC)
McLaughlin, Susan (EPA Headquarters; Environmental Accounting Project)
Orlic, Mark (EPA Headquarters; Ruminant Livestock Efficiency Program)
Patton, Bill (EPA Region 4; PPCC)
Perez, Ernesto (EPA Region 4; Urban Initiatives for Sustainable Communities)
Quinn, Trevor (WasteWiSe Hotline)
Reetz, Gene (EPA Region 8; American Heritage Rivers)
Reich, Dan (EPA Region 9; Merit Partnership)
Roos, Kurt (EPA Headquarters; AgStar)
Schultz, Karl (EPA Headquarters; Coalbed Methane Outreach Program)
Setnicar, Mary (EPA Region 5; PPCC)
Sibold, Kitty (EPA Headquarters; State and Local Outreach Program)
Svoboda, Larry (EPA Region 8; Air Quality Initiative)
Thigpen, Scott (EPA Headquarters; ENERGY STAR Labels)
Tsiapas, Helen (EPA Region 5; Beneficial Landscaping)
Vargas, Maria (EPA Headquarters; ENERGY STAR Buildings5" and Green Lights
Partnerships*)
Webster, David (EPA Region 1; Startrack Better Environmental Performance Through
Environmental Management Systems and Third Party Certification; CLEAN
Pollution Prevention Pilot Project; PPCC )
Wong, Judy (EPA Region 8; PPCC)
PageB-2 The Cadmus Group, Inc. May 20, 1999
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APPENDIX C
Bibliography
-------
APPENDIX C
Bibliography
Arora, Seema and Timothy N. Cason. "Why do Firms Overcomply with Environmental
Regulations? Understanding Participation in EPA's 33/50 Program." Washington, D.C.:
Resources for the Future, September 1995. Discussion Paper 95-38.
Beardsley, Dan, and Terry Davies, et al. "Improving environmental management." Environment 39,
no. 7 (September 1997): 6.
Davies, Terry and Jan Mazurek, Resources for the Future. Industry Incentives for Environmental
Improvement: Evaluation of U.S. Federal Initiatives. Washington, D.C.: Global
Environmental Management Initiative, 1996.
Donaldson, T. and L.E. Preston. "The Stakeholder Theory of the Corporation: Concepts, Evidence,
and Implications." Academy of 'Management Review 20, no. 1 (January 1995): 65-91.
"Fighting for Environmental Deregulation." Chemical Week 156, no. 20 (May 24, 1995): 37.
Fiksel, Joseph. "Design for Environment: The New Quality Imperative." Corporate Environmental
Strategy 3, no. 1:49-55.
FitzGerald, Arthur D. "The Industry Cooperative for Ozone Layer Protection: A Model for Solving
Environmental Issues." In Proceedings, 1994, by the Global Environmental Management
Initiative, 29-33. Washington, D.C.: Global Environmental Management Initiative, 1994.
Garrod, B. and P. Chadwick. "Environmental management and business strategy: towards a new
strategic paradigm." Futures 28, no. 1 (February 1996): 37-50.
Guttmann, John S. and Holly Cannon. "Eyes on the green: the EPA's policy on voluntary discovery,
disclosure, and correction of violations is far from optimal." Legal Times 18, no. 52 (May
13, 1996): S41.
Hartman, Raymond S. "Self-Selection Bias in the Evaluation of Voluntary Energy Conservation
Programs." The Review of Economics and Statistics 70, no. 3 (1998): 448-458.
Hogan, Mary Ellen and Marsha S. Croninger. "Collaborating criteria: opportunities for cooperating
with regulators." The Los Angeles Daily Journal 109, no. 208 (October 25, 1996): 7.
Latham, Linda and Steve Nadel. "The Role of Market Transformation Strategies in Achieving a
More Sustainable Energy Future." Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, February 1998. Review Draft.
Lavelle, Marianne. "EPA says that voluntary environmental audits work." The National Law
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Levy, Jason K., Keith W. Hipel, D. Marc Kilgour, and Liping Fang. "Regulatory enforcement and
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Lober, D.J. "Pollution Prevention as Corporate Entrepreneurship." Journal of Organizational
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McCarthy, James E. Voluntary Programs to Reduce Pollution. Washington, D.C.: Committee for
the National Institute for the Environment, 1995. Available on the Internet,
http://www.cnie.org/nle/plgen-1 .html.
Moore, Mark Harrison. Creating Public Value: Strategic Management in Government. Cambridge,
Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1995.
Morelli, John. "ISO 14000: A Catalyst for Reinventing EPA." Ph.D. diss., State University of New
York, 1997.
Morgenstern, Richard D. "Does the Provision of Free Technical Information Really Influence Firm
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16.
Morton, R.R. "Environmental leadership: the way to compliance and beyond?" Journal of
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Rasmussen, DA. "Enforcement in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: Balancing the
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Sunnevaag, K. "Voluntary Agreements in Environmental Policy." Tata Energy Research Institute,
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Tata Energy Research Institute, 1997. Conference Papers.
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Van Epps, Ronald E. and Susan D. Walters. "Measure for Measure: Evaluating Environmental
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May 20, 1999 The Cadmus Group, Inc. Page C-3
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APPENDIX D
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted
-------
APPENDIX D
EPA Strategic Goals Promoted by Selected Partnership Programs
Key
Primarily Promoted:
Secondarily Promoted'
EPA Strategic Ooili Primarily Promoted by Each Partnerthlp Program
Pirtnenhfp Program
9
10
101
102
106
107
301
303
404
Program Name
(abbreviated)
Center for
Environmental
Industry &Techn
CLEAN Pollution
Prevention Pilot
Project
New England Env.
Assistance Team
Startrack; Better Pert.
EMS&3rd-PartyCert.|
Business Assistance
Center
Businesses (or the
[Chesapeake] Bay
Urban Initiatives for
Sustainable
Communities
Clean Air
Clean and Safe
Water
Safe Food
Pollution
Prevention
(Communities,
Homes,
Workplaces,
Ecosystems)
Waste Mngmt.
Waste Site
Mngmt,
Emergency
Response
Reduction of
Global and
Cross-Border
Env. Risks
Expansion of
Americans'
Right to Know
Sound Science,
Improved Und.
of Env. Risk,
Innovation
Credible
Deterrent to
Poll, and
Greater
Compliance with
the Law
Effective
Management
May 20. 1999
The Cadmus Group. Inc.
Page D-l
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EPA Strategic Ooili Primarily Promoted by Each Partnership Program
Partnership Program
6
9
10
405
501
502
503
504
506
507
509
Program Name
(abbreviated)
Clean Air
Clean and Safe
Water
Safe Food
Pollution
Prevention
(Communities,
Homes,
Workplaces,
Ecosystems)
Waste Mngmt,
Waste Site
Mngmt,
Emergency
Response
Reduction of
Global and
Cross-Border
Env. Risks
Expansion of
Americans'
Right to Know
Sound Science,
Improved Und.
of Env. Risk,
Innovation
Credible
Deterrent to
Poll, and
Greater
Compliance with
the Law
Effective
Management
Sustainable Challenge
Grants
Natural Landscaping
Great Printers
Greater Chicago
Pollution Prevention
Alliance
Indoor Air Quality
Program (HQ)
U.S. Auto P2 Project
Waste Minimization
Assessments
Chlor-Alkall Industry.
Mercury Reduction
Project (HQ)
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Key
Primarily Promoted =
Secondarily Promoted'
EPA Strategic Goilt Primarily Promoted by Each Partnership Program
Partnership Program
10
601
605
701
702
801
805
806
807
Program Name
(abbreviated)
Clean Star Texas City,
Program
Partnership to Help
Foundries Achieve
Compliance
Poll. Prevention
Awards (or Env.
Excellence (HQ)
Poll. Prevention
Roundtable and Poll,
Prevention
Conference (HQ)
Air Quality Initiative
Headwaters Mining
Waste Initiative
Urban Llvablllty
Utah 2002 Olympics
Clean Air
Clean and Safe
Water
Safe Food
Pollution
Prevention
(Communities.
Homes,
Workplaces,
Ecosystems)
Waste Mngmt,
Waste Site
Mngmt.,
Emergency
Response
Reduction of
Global and
Cross-Border
Expansion of
Americans'
Env. Risks Right to Know
Sound Science,
Improved Und.
of Env. Risk,
Innovation
Credible
Deterrent to
Poll, and
Greater
Compliance with
the Law
Effective
Managemenl
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Page D-3
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Primarily Promoted'
Secondarily Promoted
EPA Strategic Goals Primarily Promoted by Each Partntnhlp Program
Partnership Program
9
10
609
811
901
902
903
904'
1002
Program Name
(abbreviated)
American Heritage
Rivers
Problem Oil Pit
Initiative
Community-Based
Environmental
Protection
Agricultural Initiative
Bay Area Green
Business Program
Merit Partnership
Metal Finishing
Partnership
Evergreen Award
Clean Air
Clean and Safe
Water
Safe Food
Pollution
Prevention
(Communities,
Homes,
Workplaces.
Ecosystems)
Waste Mngmt,
Waste Site
Mngmt,
Emergency
Response
Reduction of
Global and
Cross-Border
Env. Risks
Expansion of
Americans'
Right to Know
Sound Science,
Improved Und.
of Env. Risk,
Innovation
Credible
Deterrent to
Poll, and
Greater
Compliance with
the Law
Effective
Management
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PageD-4
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Key
Primarily Promoted'
Secondarily Promoted:
EPA Strategic Goal* Primarily Promoted by Each Partnership Program
PartntraMp Program
Pollution
Prevention
(Communities,
Homes,
Workplaces,
terns)
Credible
Deterrent to
Poll, and
Greater
Waste Mngmt.
Waste Site
Mngmt,
Emergency
Response
Reduction of
Global and
Cross-Border
Env. Risks
Clean and Safe
Water Safe Food
Program Name
(abbreviated)
Effective
Management
PESP Program (HQ)
WAVE Program (HQ)
33/50 Program (HQ)
Environmental
Leadership Program
(HQ)
Design for the
Environment (HQ)
State and Local
Outreach Program
(HQ)
Waste Minimization
National Plan (HQ)
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Page D-5
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Kty
Primarily Promoted'
Secondarily Promoted'
EPA Strategic Ooah Primarily Promoted by Each Partnership Program
Partnership Program
10
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1120
1121
Program Name
(abbreviated)
CllmateWlse
Recognition Program I
(HQ)
Indoor Environments |
Program (HQ)
AgStar(HQ)
Coalbed Methane
Outreach Program
(HQ)
Energy Star Buildings |
and Green Lights
Partnership (HQ)
Energy Star Labels
(HQ)
Environmental
Accounting Project
(HQ)
Green Chemistry
Program/Green
Chemistry Challenge
(HQ)
Clean Air
Clean and Safe
Water
Pollution
Prevention
(Communities,
Homes,
lA!*w4*«ttAA«M
WOfKploOBS,
Waste Mngmt,
Waste Site
Mngmt,
Emergency
Response
Reduction of
Global and
Cross-Border
Env. Risks
Expansion of
Americans'
Right to Know
Sound Science
Improved Und.
of Env. Risk,
Innovation
Credible
Deterrent to
Poll, and
Greater
Compliance with
the Law
Effective
Management
May 20,1999
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Page D-6
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Primarily Promoted >
Secondarily Promoted =
EPA Strategic Qoalt Primarily Promoted by Each Partnership Program
Partnership Program
10
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
Program Name
(abbreviated)
Clean Air
Clean and Safe
Water
Safe Food
Pollution
Prevention
(Communities,
Homes,
Workplaces,
Ecosystems)
Waste Mngmt.,
Waste Site
Mngmt.,
Emergency
Response
Reduction of
Global and
Cross-Border
Env. Risks
Landfill Methane
Outreach Program
(HQ)
Natural Gas Star
Program (HQ)
The Ruminant
Livestock Efficiency
Program (HQ)
Transportation
Partners (HQ)
Voluntary Aluminum
Industrial Program
(HQ)
WasteWIse Program
(HQ)
Expansion of
Americans'
Right lo Know
Sound Science
Improved Und
of Env. Risk,
Innovation
Credible
Deterrent to
Poll, and
Greater
Compliance with
the Law
Effective
Management
May 20, 1999
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
Page D-7
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APPENDIX E
Partnership Programs Grouped
by Primary Sector Addressed,
with Partner Type(s) Indicated
-------
APPENDIX E
Partnership Programs Grouped by Primary Sector Addressed, with Partner Type(s) Indicated
Sector
Partner Type
Headquarters Programs
Regional Programs
Agriculture
This sector or a subsector in it
More than one subsector in this sector
This sector and others
1101 PESP
1113 AgSTAR
1124 Ruminant Livestock Efficiency
901 Agricultural Initiative
This sector or a subsector in it
1126 VAIP
Manufacturing
More than one subsector in this sector
This sector and others
,SM,
1115 ENERGY STAR Buildings / Green Lights
1116 ENERGY STAR Labels
1127 WasteWise
502 Great Printers
506 U.S. Auto P2 Project
509 Chlor-Alkali Mercury Reduction
605 Partnership to Help Foundries
904 Metal Finishing Workshop
303 Businesses for the Bay
Mining
This sector or a subsector in it
More than one subsector in this sector
This sector and others
1114 Coalbed Methane Outreach
1123 Natural Gas STAR
805 Headwaters Mining Waste Initiative
809 Problem Oil Pit Initiative
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Page E-l
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Sector
Partner Type
Headquarters Programs
Regional Programs
Public
Administration
This sector or a subsector in it
More than one subsector in this sector
This sector and others
1108 State and Local Outreach
801 Air Quality Initiative
807 Utah 2002 Olympics
1115 ENERGY STAR Buildings^/Gneen Lights*
1127 WasteWise
Transportation
This sector or a subsector in it
More than one subsector in this sector
This sector and others
1125 Transportation Partners
Retail Trade
This sector or a subsector in it
More than one subsector in this sector
This sector and others
1115 ENERGYSTAR BuiWings^/Green Lights*
1116 ENERGY STAR* Labels
1127 WasteWise
303 Businesses for the Bay
902 Bay Area Green Business
Services
This sector or a subsector in it
More than one subsector in this sector
This sector and others
1102 WAVE
1122 Landfill Mthane Outreach
1115 ENERGYSTAR Buildings*"/Green Lights0
1127 WasteWise
303 Businesses for the Bay
902 Bay Area Green Business
PageE-2
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
May 20, 1999
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APPENDIX F
Program Approaches
-------
APPENDIX F
Program Approaches of Selected EPA Partnership Programs
Secondary Program Approach
Primary Program Approach
Program Element*
Partnership Program
#4: Enhancement of
Environmental Dedslonrruklng
#5: Stimulate Supply of New
Technologies/Practice*
ft: Flexibility for Regulated
Parties
#2: Economic Incentives
#3: Outreach & Education
Test, Validate
New/Innovative
Tech./Practices
GoVt. Flexibility
to Achieve
Compliance
GoVL Flexibility
to Achieve
Superior Results
Tech./ Practices
•Push'
Information
Transfer
Recognition/
Awards
Environmental
Stewardship
Market
Transformation
Program Name
(abbreviated)
Center for
Environmental Industry
& Technology
CLEAN Pollution
Prevention Pilot
Project
New England Env
Assistance Team
Startrack; Better Pen.
EMS & 3rd-Party Cert
Business Assistance
Center
Businesses for the
[Chesapeake] Bay
May 20,1999
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Page F-l
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Primary Program Approach
Secondary Program Approach
PfOflrMi Elements
paitnersnip program
*1: Flexibility for Regulated
PartlM
94: Enhancement of
Environmental Oedilonmaklno
US: Stimulate Supply of New
Technoloalet/ Practice*
*3: Outreach & Education
12: Economic Incentives
GcVt Flexibility
to Achieve
Superior Results
GcVtFlexlDHIty
to Achieve
Compliance
Test, Validate
New/ Innovative
Tech./ Practices
Information
Transfer
Market
Transformation
Recognition/
Awards
Program Name
(abbreviated)
Tech./Practices
•Push-
Urban Initiatives for
Sustainable
Communities
Sustainable Challenge
Natural Landscaping
Pollution Prevention
U.S. Auto P2 Project
May 20, 1999
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
Page F-2
-------
Kay
Primary Program Approach =
Secondary Program Approach =
Partnerchlp Program
Program Element*
«: Flexibility for Regulated
Parties
#2: Economic Incentive*
13: Outreach & Education
#4: Enhancement of
Environmental Declilonnuklng
US: Stimulate Supply of New
Technologies/ Practice*
507
509
601
605
701
702
801
Program Name
(abbreviated)
MA
Gotf. Flexibility
to Achieve
Superior Results
Waste Minimization
Chlor-Alkall Industry,
Mercury Reduction
Project (HQ)
Clean Star Texas City
Program
Partnership to Help
Foundries Achieve
Compliance
MB
GoVt. Flexibility
to Achieve
Compliance
*2A
Cost Savings
IMA
1MB
Test Validate
New/Innovative
Tech./Practices
«5B
Tech./ Practices
•Push-
Poll. Prevention
Awards for Env.
Excellence (HQ)
Poll. Prevention
Roundtable and Poll.
Prevention Conference
(HQ)
Air Quality Initiative
May 20. 1999
The Cadmus Group. Inc.
PageF-3
-------
Secondary Program Approach *
Primary Program Approach
Partnerih ID Proanm
program ciewente
M: Enhancement of
Environmental DedstonmtKIng
«5: Stimulate Supply of New
Technologies/ PracBcee
ft: Flexibility for Regulated
Parties
12: Economic IncenttVee
13: Outreach & Education
GoVt Flexibility
to Achieve
Compliance
Test, Validate
New/Innovative
Tech/Practices
GcVt Flexibility
to Achieve
Superior Results
Recognition/
Awards
Environmental
Stewardship
Market
Transformation
Tech7 Practices
•Push1
Program Name
(abbreviated)
Headwaters Mining
Waste Initiative
Utah 2002 Olympics
American Heritage
Community-Based
Environmental
Protection
Agricultural Initiative
May 20,1999
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
PageF-4
-------
Key
Primary Program Approach =
Secondary Program Approach
'artnerchlp Program
Program Element!
ft: Flexibility for Regulated
Parties
#2: Economic Incentive!
#3: Outreach & Education
*4: Enhancement of
Environmental Decltlonmakln
IDS: Stimulate Supply of New
Technologies/ Practices
902
Program Name
(abbreviated)
flA
GoVt Flexibility
to Achieve
Superior Results
Bay Area Green
Business Program
fIB
Gov-t. Flexibility
to Achieve
Compliance
02A
Cost Savings
(OB
Market
Transformation
#3A
Information
Transfer
«3B
Recognition/
Awards
Environmental
Stewardship
Capacity
Building
*5A
Test, Validate
New/ Innovative
Tech./Practices
«5B
Tech./Practices
•Push'
May 20.1999
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
PageF-5
-------
Key
Primary Program Approach •
Secondary Program Approach
Partnership Proaram
Program Elements
fl: Flexibility for Regulated
Patties
12: Economic Incenttvet
*3:0utrwch 4 Education
(M: Enhancement of
Environmental Decltlonmaklnfl
US: Stimultte Supply of New
Technologies/ Pne/Uott
1104
1105
1106
1108
1110
1111
1112
Program Name
(abbreviated)
(MA
Gov-t Flexibility
to Achieve
Superior Reaute
tIB
Gov1!. Flexibility
to Achieve
Compliance
Cost Savings
Market
Transformation
ISA
Information
Transfer
Project XL (HQ)
i3B
Recognition/
Awards
Environmental
Stewardship
Environmental
Leadership Program
(HQ)
Design for the
Environment (HQ)
MB
Capacity
Building
Test, Validate
New/Innovative
Techy Practices
#58
Techy Practices
•Push-
State and Local
Outreach Program
(HQ)
Waste Minimization
National Plan (HQ)
CllmateWlse
Recognition Program
(HQ)
Indoor Environments
Program (HQ)
May 20, 1999
The Cadmus Group. Inc.
Page F-6
-------
Key
Primary Program Approach =
Seoondaiy Program Approach =
Partnership Program
Program Element*
*1: Flexibility for Regulated
Parties
#5: Stimulate Supply of New
Technologies/ Practices
#4; Enhancement of
Environmental Declt lonmaklng
#3: Outreach & Education
n: Economic Incentives
Test, Validate
New/ Innovative
Tech./Practices
Market Information
Transformation I Transfer
Recognition/
Awards
Environmental
Stewardship
Tech./Practices
•Push'
1113
1114
1115
1116
1120
1121
1122
Program Name
(abbreviated)
tIA
GoVt. Flexibility
to Achieve
Superior Results
AgStar(HQ)
Coalbed Methane
Outreach Program
(HQ)
Energy Star Buildings
and Green Lights
Partnership (HQ)
Energy Star Labels
(HQ)
Environmental
Accounting Project
(HQ)
Green Chemistry
Program/Green
Chemistry Challenge
(HQ)
Landfill Methane
Outreach Program
(HQ)
#18
Govt Flexibility
to Achieve
Compliance
#5B
May 20, 1999
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
Page F-7
-------
Key
Primary Program Approach«
Secondary Program Approach *
Partnership Program
Program Eltmentt
#1: RnlbllKy for Regulated
PnttM
IK: Economic Incentives
(B; Outreach A Education
(M; EnhincMMflt of
Environmental Pedstenmaklnfl
#5: Sflmulite Supply of New
Tectinolofllet/ Practlot
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
Program Name
(abbreviated)
flA
Gov'L Flexibility
to Achieve
Supertof Results
Natural Gas Star
Program (HQ)
The Ruminant
Livestock Efficiency
Program (HQ)
Transportation
Partners (HQ)
Voluntary Aluminum
Industrial Program
(HQ)
WasteWlse Program
(HQ)
ffIB
GoVt Flexibility
to Achieve
Compliance
«2A
«5B
May 20.1999
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
Page F-8
-------
APPENDIX G
Partnership Programs Grouped by EPA
Strategic Goal Promoted,
and by Sector(s) Addressed,
with Partner Type(s)
and Program Approach(es) Indicated
-------
APPENDIX G-1
Partnership Programs that Promote EPA Strategic Goal O (Clean Air), Grouped by Sector Addressed, with Partner Type(s) and Approach(es) Indicated
Sector
Agriculture
Manufacturing
Mining
Public
Administration
Retail Trade
Services
Transportation
Partner Type(s)
This sector or a subsector In It
This sector or a subsector In It
This sector or a subsector In It
Does not seek to work
with a particular sector
Partnership Programs
1126 VAIP
801 Air Quality Initiative
1112 Indoor Environments
1125 Transportation Partners
501 Natural Landscaping
504 indoor Air Quality
#1 Regulator
FlexIWMy
#1 A To Achieve
Superior Results
#1B To Achieve
Compliance
Program Elements
£2 Economics
#2A Cost Savings
/
#28 Market
i
5
3
#3 Inkxmatlon
!i
/
li
#4
DedstonniaWng
Criteria/Processes
|
s
MB Capacity Building
/
s
s
#5 TBChnolOQlw/
PracDOBS
Innovation
ni
/
il
May20, 1999
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
Page G-1
-------
APPENDIX G-2
Partnership Programs that Promote EPA Strategic Goal 0 (Clean & Safe Water), Grouped by Sector Addressed, with Partner Type(s) and Approach(es) Indicated
Sector
Agriculture
Manufacturing
Mining
Public Administration
Retail Trade
Services
Transportation
Does not seek to work
with a particular sector
Partnership Programs
501 Natural Landscaping
808 American Heritage Rivers
Program Elements
#1 Regulatory
Flexibility
#1A To Achieve
Superior Results
#1B To Achieve
Compliance
#2 Economics
#2A Cost Savings
#28 Market
Transformation
#3 Information
#3A Outreach/
Education
#3B Recognition/
Awards
#4
Decbtonmakfng
Criteria/Processes
Q.
JZ
V)
1
/
MB Capacity Building
/
#5 Technologies/
Practices
Innovation
1
1
Page G-2
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
May 20, 1999
-------
APPENDIX G-3
Partnership Programs that Promote EPA Strategic Goal © (Safe Food), Grouped by Sector Addressed, with Partner Type(s) and Approach(es) Indicated
Sector
Agriculture
Manufacturing
Mining
Public
Administration
Retail Trade
Services
Transportation
Partner Type(s)
This sector or a subsector In it
Does not seek to work with a particular sector
Partnership Programs
1101 PESP
102 CLEAN
Program Elements
#1 Regulatory
Flexibility
#1 A To Achieve
Superior Results
#1B To Achieve
/*_ K
g
#2 Economics
|
!l
#3 Information
!i
'
CQ @
#4
DecbbntnaMng
Cnterifl/PiDcossos
I
/
I
#5 Technologies/
Practices
Innovation
^^ •
^
|;
* (!
1
[
1
/
1
il
/
May 20, 1999
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
Page G-3
-------
APPENDIX 6-4
Partnership Programs that Promote EPA Strategic Goal O (Pollution Prevention), Grouped by Sector Addressed, with Partner Type(s) and Approach(es) Indicated
Sector
Agriculture
Manufacturing
Mining
Public
Administration
Retail Trade
Services
Transportation
Partner Type(s)
This sector or a subsedor In It
This sector or a subsedor In it
More than one subsector In this sector
This sector and others
This sector or a subsector In It
This sector and others
This sector and others
This sector or a subsector In It
This sector and others
This sector or a subsector In It
Does not seek to work
with a particular sector
Partnership Programs
901
502
506
509
904
507
1103
1106
1121
303
1127
807
1127
303
902
1127
1102
303
902
1127
1125
102
404
501
503
701
702
811
903
1002
1104
1105
1110
1120
1127
Agricultural Initiative
Great Printers
U.S. Auto P2 Project
Chlor-Alkali Mercury Reduction
Metal Finishing Workshop
Waste Minimization Assessments
33/50
Design for the Environment
Green Chemistry
Businesses for the Bay
WasteWise
Utah 2002 Olympics
WasteWise
Businesses for the Bay
Bay Area Green Business
WasteWise
WAVE
Businesses for the Bay
Bay Area Green Business
WasteWise
Transportation Partners
CLEAN
Urban Sustainable Communities
Natural Landscaping
Greater Chicago P2 Alliance
P2 Awards for Excellence
Pollution Prevention Roundtable
CBEP
Merit Partnership
Evergreen Award
Prelect XL
Environmental Leadership Program
Waste Minimization National Plan
Environmental Accounting
WasteWise
Program Elements
#1 Regulatory
Flexibility
MAToAdw*
Superior Resite
/
ii
y
#2 Economics
I
I
§
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
j:
SJ
I
#3 Information
si
/
/
/
/
y
/
/
s
s
s
j
§!
/
/
/
s
/
#4
Dedstonmaking
Criteria/Processes
5
•/
/
/
/
/
/
if
/
y
j
j
j
#5 Technologies/
Practices
Innovation
y
/
r
>i
/
Page G-4
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
May 20,1999
-------
APPENDIX G-5
Partnership Programs that Promote EPA Strategic Goal O (Waste Management), Grouped by Sector Addressed, with Partner Type(s) and Approach(es) Indicated
Sector
Agriculture
Manufacturing
Mining
Public
Administration
Retail Trade
Services
Transportation
Partner Type(s)
This sector or a subsector In K
Does not seek to work with a particular sector
Partnership Programs
805 Headwaters Waste Mining Initiative
Program Elements
#1 Regulatory
Flexibility
*1 A To Achieve
Superior Results
I #18 To Achieve
/*_ -i--.
5
i
3
Wi Economics
#2A Cost Savings
1 #2B Market
1
i
5
#3 Information
!i
'c
«4
Dedskmmaklng
Crftorio/Prooossos
g.
i
#48 Capacity Building
/
Practices
Innovfltion
#5A Test/Validate New
i
i
1 m •
il
May 20, 1999
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
Page G-5
-------
APPENDIX G-6
Partnership Programs that Promote EPA Strategic Goal O (Global/Cross-Border Risks), Grouped by Sector Addressed, with Partner Type(s) and Approach(es) Indicated
Sector
Agriculture
Manufacturing
Mining
Public
Administration
Retail Trade
Services
Transportation
Partner Type(s)
More than one subsector In this sector
This sector or a subsector In it
More than one subsector in this sector
This sector and others
This sector or a subsector in it
More than one subsector in this sector
This sector or a subsector In it
This sector and others
This sector and others
This sector or a subsector in it
This sector and others
This sector or a subsector in it
Does not seek to work with
a particular sector
Partnership Programs
1113 AgSTAR
1 124 Ruminant Livestock Efficiency
1126 VAIP
1111 ClimateWise
1115 ENERGY STAR BuildingsSM/Green Lights*
1116 ENERGY STAR* Labels
1114 Coalbed Methane Outreach
1123 Natural Gas STAR
1 1 08 State and Local Outreach
1115 ENERGY STAR BuildingsSM/Green Lights*
1115 ENERGY STAR BuildingsSM/Green Lights*
1116 ENERGY STAR'Labels
1 122 Landfill Methane Outreach
1115 ENERGY STAR BuildingsSM/Green Lights*
1 1 25 Transportation Partners
Program Elements
#1 Regulatory
Flexibility
#1A To Achieve
Superior Results
#1B To Achieve
Compliance
#2 Economics
co
#2B Market
Transformation
/
/
/
S
S
s
s
s
s
s
s
#3 Information
#3A Outreach/
Education
/
#38 Recognition/
Awards
/
#4
Dedstonmaking
Criteria/Processes
.9-
w
1
/
#4B Capacity Building
y
s
#5 Technologies/
Practices
Innovation
1
/
#5B Technology/
Practices "Push"
PageG-6
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
May 20, 1999
-------
APPENDIX G-7
Partnership Programs that Promote EPA Strategic Goal O (Right to Know), Grouped by Sector Addressed, with Partner Type(s) and Approach(es) Indicated
Sector
Agriculture
Mining
Manufacturing
Transportation
Retail Trade
Services
Public Administration
Does not seek to work with a particular sector
Partnership Programs
Program Elements
#1 Regulatory
Flexibility
#1A To Achieve
Superior Results
#1B To Achieve
Compliance
#2 Economics
I
#2B Market
Transfbrmation
#31
1 #3A Outreach/
Education
n.Hn.j— j-tt
iTOrfnaDOn
CD g
#4
Dodsfontndklng
Cnt6nd/PrOC63S6S
I
#48 Capacity Building
#5 Technologies/
Practfoos
#5A Test/Validate New
Tnrhnnlnn!nnin.n 17
•
!
•
>
#5B Technology/
Practices 'Push*
No partnership programs primarily promote EPA Strategic Goal O.
May 20,1999
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
PageG-7
-------
APPENDIX G-8
Partnership Programs that Promote EPA Strategic Goal O (Sound Science), Grouped by Sector Addressed, with Partner Type(s) and Approach(es) Indicated
Sector
Agriculture
Manufacturing
Mining
Public
Administration
Retail Trade
Services
Transportation
Partner Type(s)
This sector or a subseclor In It
Does not seek to work with a particular sector
Partnership Programs
1104 Project XL
101 CEIT
Program Elements
#1 Regulatory
Flexibility
#1A To Achieve
Superior Results
/
#1B To Achieve
Compliance
£2 Economics
#2A Cost Savings
#2B Market
Transformation
#3 Information
St UJ
'c
#4
Dedskmrnaklng
Criteria/Processes
9.
i
#4B Capacity Building
#5 Technologies/
Practices
Inoowrtton
#5A Test/Validate New
Technologies/Practices
S
#5B Technology/
Practices 'Push'
PageG-8
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
May 20, 1999
-------
APPENDIX G-9
Partnership Programs that Promote EPA Strategic Goal O (Credible Deterrent/Greater Compliance), Grouped by Sector Addressed, with Partner Type(s) and
Approach(es) Indicated
Sector
Agriculture
Manufacturing
Mining
Public
Administration
Retail Trade
Services
Transportation
Partner Type(s)
This sector or a subsector In it
This sector or a subsector In It
This sector and others
This sector and others
Does not seek to work
with a particular sector
Partnership Programs
605 Partnership to Help Foundries
904 Metal Finishing Partnership
809 Problem Oil Pit Initiative
902 Bay Area Green Business
902 Bay Area Green Business
106 NEEAT
107 Startrack
301 Small Business Assistance Center
601 Clean Star Texas City
903 Merit Partnership
#1 Regulatory
Flexibility
I #1 A To Achieve
Superior Results
I #1B To Achieve
3
/
/
Program Elements
#2 Economics
#2A Cost Savings
/
/
/
I!
\
\
5
#3 Information
Is
/
/
/
'c
/
/
«4
Dedstonmaklng
Criteria/Processes
.5-
1
/
#5 Technologies/
Practices
Innovation
#5A Test/Validate New
1 T 1 1 ! m a
i
|
i
(- as
il
May 20, 1999
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
Page G-9
-------
APPENDIX G-10
Partnership Programs that Promote EPA Strategic Goal © (Effective Management), Grouped by Sector Addressed, with Partner Type(s) and Approach(es) Indicated
Sector
Agriculture
Mining
Manufacturing
Transportation
Retail Trade
Services
Public Administration
Does not seek to work with a particular sector
Partnership Programs
Program Elements
#1 Regulatory
Flexibility
#1A To Achieve
Superior Results
#1B To Achieve
Compliance
#2 Economics
#2A Cost Savings
#28 Market
Transformation
#3 Information
sis
#3B Recognition/
Awards
#4
Dedsionmaktng
Criteria/Processes
.9-
55
#4B Capacity Building
#5 Technologies/
Practices
Innovation
|— C
I!
No partnership programs primarily promote EPA Strategic Goal
Page G-10
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
May 20, 1999
-------
APPENDIX H
Partnership Program Contacts
-------
APPENDIX H
Partnership Program Contacts
CADMUS
TRACKING
NUMBER
1103
1113
901
801
808
902
303
101
509
102
601
1111
1114
PARTNERSHIP
PROGRAM
33/50 Program
AgStar
Agricultural Initiative
Air Quality Initiative
American Heritage Rivers
Bay Area Green Business Program
Businesses for the [Chesapeake] Bay
Center for Environmental Industry and Technology
Chlor-Alkali Industry Mercury Reduction Project
CLEAN Pollution Prevention Pilot Project
Clean Star Texas City Program
Climate Wise Recognition Program
Coalbed Methane Outreach Program
CONTACT(S)
David Sarokin
Kurt Roos
Paul Feder
Larry Svoboda
Karen Hamilton
Leif Magnuson
Kelly Mecum
Carol Kilbirde/Maggie Theroux
Frank Anscombe
Jean Holbrook
Barry Feldman
Pam Herman-Milmoe
Karl Schultz
TELEPHONE
202 260 6396
202 564 9041
415 477 2010
303 312 6004
303 312 6236
415 744 2153
410 267 5719
617 918 1831
312 353 0201
617 918 1816
214 665 7439
202 260 4407
202 564 9468
May 20, 1999
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
PageH-1
-------
CADMUS
TRACKING
NUMBER
811
1106
1115
1116
1120
1105
1002
502
503
1121
305
805
1112
504
1122
903
PARTNERSHIP
PROGRAM
Community-Based Environmental Protection
Design for the Environment
ENERGY STARSM Buildings and Green Lights* Partnership
ENERGY STARSM Labels
Environmental Accounting Project
Environmental Leadership Program
Evergreen Award
Great Printers
Greater Chicago Pollution Prevention Alliance
Green Chemistry Program/Green Chemistry Challenge
Green Communities
Headwaters Mining Waste Initiative
Indoor Environments Program
Indoor Air Quality Program
Landfill Methane Outreach Program
Merit Partnership
CONTACT(S)
Stacy Ericksen
Karen Seeh
Maria Vargas
Jeanne Briskin
Susan Mclaughlin
Deborah Thomas
Carolyn Gangmark
Phil Kaplan
Phil Kaplan
Tracy Wiliamson
Susan McDowell
Pam Dougherty
Mary Smith
Sheila Batka
Edmund Coe
Dan Reich
TELEPHONE
303 312 6692
202 260 1714
202 564 9178
202 564 9135
202 260 3844
202 564 5041
206 553 4072
312 353 4669
312 353 4669
202 260 3960
215 814 2739
303 312 6012
202 564 9370
312 886 6053
202 564 8994
415 744 1343
PageH-2
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
May 20, 1999
-------
CADMUS
TRACKING
NUMBER
904
1123
501
106
605
1101
701
702
809
1104
1124
301
107
1108
405
1125
PARTNERSHIP
PROGRAM
Metal Finishing Partners
Natural Gas STAR Program
Natural Landscaping
New England Environmental Assistance Team
Partnership to Help Foundries Achieve Environmental Compliance
Pesticide Environmental Stewardship Program
Pollution Prevention Awards for Environmental Excellence
Pollution Prevention Roundtable
Problem Oil Pit Initiative
Project XL
The Ruminant Livestock Efficiency Program
Small Business Assistance Center
StarTrack
State and Local Outreach Program
Sustainable Challenge Grants
Transportation Partners
CONTACTS)
Leif Magnuson
Paul Gunning
Helen Tsiapas
Mary Dever/Mark Mahoney
Joel Dougherty
Harry Wells, Jr.
Marc Matthews
Marc Matthews
Ron Lillich
Chris Knopes
Mark Orlie
Richard Leg rave-Daly
David Guest
Kitty Sibold
Annette Hill
Allen Greenberg
TELEPHONE
415 744 2153
202 564 9736
312 886 7901
617 918 1842
214 665 2281
703 308 8139
913 551 7517
913 551 7517
303 312 6149
202 260 9298
202 564 9043
800 228 8711
617 918 1814
202 260 4314
404 562 8287
202 260 0626
May 20, 1999
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
PageH-3
-------
CADMUS
TRACKING
NUMBER
404
806
807
506
1126
1127
1110
507
1102
PARTNERSHIP
PROGRAM
Urban Initiatives for Sustainable Communities
Urban Livability
Utah 2002 Olympics
U.S. Auto P2 Project
Voluntary Aluminum Industrial Partnership
WasteWise Program
Waste Minimization National Plan
Waste Minimization Opportunity Assessments
Water Alliances for Voluntary Efficiency
CONTACT(S)
Cory Berish
Nat Mullo
Dean Gellam
Phil Kaplan
Eric Dolin
Jeff Tumarkin
Doug Heimlich
Janet Haff
John Flowers
TELEPHONE
404 562 8276
303 312 6233
303 312 6432
312 353 4669
202 564 9044
703 308 8755
703 308 8489
312 353 7923
202 260 7288
Page H-4
The Cadmus Group, Inc.
May 20, 1999
-------