Ecological Benefits Assessment
Strategic Plan:
Bibliography
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Policy, Economics and Innovation
National Center for Environmental Economics
Washington, DC 20460
October 20,2004
-------
[This page left blank intentionally.]
-------
Table of Contents
1. Introduction 1
2. Books 3
3. Journal Articles, Presentations, Book Chapters, and Working Papers 7
4. Databases/Bibliographies 11
5. USEPA Reports and Resources 13
6. Other US Government Sources 21
7. Foreign Government Sources 29
8. Nongovernmental, Academic, and International Institutions 31
-------
1. Introduction
The purpose of this document is to support both the development and the implementation
of EPA's Ecological Benefits Assessment Strategic Plan. This document lists references and
other information sources, including Website links, that address topics related to ecological
benefits assessment. The topics include the measurement, modeling, and economic valuation of
ecological changes (including ecological goods and services) that might result from EPA policies
and actions. These resources were identified through extensive web and library searches and
through a series of meetings in 2002 and 2003 with EPA staff and with economists and
ecologists from EPA and other federal agencies.
This document is not intended to provide a review of all of the potentially relevant
research in this multidisciplinary field. Instead, this document provides an overview of the
research landscape for ecological benefits assessment. It identifies publications, reports, and
other information resources from a broad range of sources that (1) summarize and discuss the
key issues related to integrating ecological and economic assessment methods and/or (2) provide
lists, descriptions, and links to summaries of applied research activities in these areas. By
providing this overview and access to resources, this document helps to highlight key research
gaps, to identify priority areas for initiating or extending research activities, and to develop
strategies for improving communication between ecologists and economists.
Sections 2 and 3 of this document provide bibliographic references to key publications
(from both peer-reviewed sources and the "grey" literature) addressing issues related ecological
risk assessment, ecosystem valuation, and the integration of these approaches for benefits
assessment. Section 4 provides a list of online databases and bibliographies that contain more
comprehensive and targeted lists of references, data, and project descriptions. Section 5 contains
EPA sources, including reports, workshop summaries, and links to papers and project abstracts.
These sources provide an overview of the range and types of ecological benefits assessment
activities being conducted at the Agency. Section 6 describes similar types of sources for other
federal agencies, including the US Army Corps of Engineers (USAGE), the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and various agencies within the US Department of
Interior (USDOI). Sections 7 and 8 include descriptions and links to foreign government sources
and to nongovernmental agencies, respectively.
-------
-------
2. Books
The following is a list of published books that address the major issues related ecological
risk assessment, ecosystem valuation, and the integration of those approaches for benefits
assessment:
Abelson, P.W. 1996. Project Appraisal and Valuation of the Environment. New York, NY: St.
Martin's Press.
Anderson, M. and R. Magleby. 1997. Agricultural Resources and Environmental Indicators,
1996-97. Washington, DC: USDA Economic Research Service Agricultural Handbook
No. 712.
Barbier, E.B., M.C. Acreman, and D. Knowler. 1996. Economic Valuation of Wetlands: A
Guide for Policy Makers and Planners. Gland, Switzerland: Ramsar Convention
Bureau.
Barbier, E.B., J.C. Burgess, and C. Folke. 1994. Paradise Last? The Ecological Economics of
Biodiversity. London: Earthscan.
Butterwirth, P.M., ME. Gosenbatt, and A. Gunatilaka (eds.). 2000. Biomonitors and
Biomarkers as Indicators of Environmental Change Handbook (Environmental Science
Research Volume 56). New York, NY: Plenum Publishing Corporation.
Cleveland, C.J., D.I. Stern, and R. Costanza (eds.). 2001. The Economics of Nature and the
Nature of Economics. Advances in Ecological Economics Series. Cheltenham, UK:
Edward Elgar Publishing.
Cordell, H.K., and J.C. Bergstrom (eds.). 1999. Integrating Social Sciences with Ecosystem
Management: Human Dimensions in Assessment, Policy and Management. Champaign,
IL: Sagamore Publishing.
Costanza, R. (ed.). 1991. Ecological Economics: The Science and Management of
Sustainability. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
Costanza, R., B.S. Low, E. Ostrom, and J. Wilson (eds.). 2001. Institutions, Ecosystems, and
Sustainability. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers.
Costanza, R., J. Cumberland, H. Daly, R. Goodland, and R. Norgaard. 1997. An Introduction to
Ecological Economics. ISEE (International Society for Ecological Economics). Boca
Raton, FL: St. Lucie Press.
Costanza, R., 0. Segura, and J. Martinez-Alier (eds.). 1996. Getting Down to Earth: Practical
Applications of Ecological Economics. Washington DC: Island Press.
Daily, G.C. (ed.). 1997. Nature's Services: Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems.
Washington, DC: Island Press.
-------
Ferenc, S.C., and J.A. Foran (eds.). 1999. Multiple Stressors in Ecological Risk and Impact
Assessments: Approaches to Risk Estimation (SETAC Special Publications Series).
Pensacola, FL: Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry.
Gosselink, J. A., T. Muir, and L.C. Lee (eds.). 1990. Ecological Processes and Cumulative
Impacts Illustrated by Bottomland Hardwood Wetland Ecosystems. Chelsea, MI: Lewis
Publishers, Inc.
Hausman, J.A. (ed.). 1993. Contingent Valuation: A Critical Assessment. Amsterdam:
Elsevier Science Publishers.
Irwin, F., and B. Rodes (eds.). 1991. Making Decisions on Cumulative Impacts: A Conceptual
Framework. Washington, DC: World Wildlife Fund.
Jansson, A.-M., M. Hammer, C. Folke, and R. Costanza (eds.). 1994. Investing in Natural
Capital: The Ecological Economics Approach to Sustainability. Washington, DC:
Island Press.
Kaiser, J., J.E. Klanning, and L.E. Erickson. 2001. Bioindicators andBiomarkers of
Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment. Plymouth, UK: Science Publishers, Inc.
Kopp, R.J., and V.K. Smith. 1993. Valuing Natural Assets: The Economics of Natural
Resource Damage Assessment. Washington, DC: Resources for the Future.
Lawn, P. A. 2001. Toward Sustainable Development: An Ecological Economics Approach.
ISEE (International Society for Ecological Economics). Boca Raton, FL: Lewis
Publishers.
Manno, J.P. 2000. Privileged Goods: Commoditization and Its Impact on Environment and
Society. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers.
Morgenstern, R.D. (ed.). 1997. Economic Analyses at EPA. Assessing Regulatory Impact.
Washington, DC: Resources for the Future.
Munasinghe, M., 0. Sunkel, and C. de Miguel (eds.). 2001. The Sustainability of Lang-term
Growth: Socioeconomic and Ecological Perspectives. Advances in Ecological
Economics Series. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Odum, H.T. 1996. Environmental Accounting: Emergy and Environmental Decision Making.
New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons. 370 pp.
Pearce, D., and D. Moran. 1994. The Economic Value of Biodiversity. London, UK: Earthscan
Publication.
Perrings, C, K.-G. Maler, C. Folke, C.S. Moiling, and B.-O. Jansson (eds.). 1995. Biodiversity
Loss: Economic and Ecological Issues. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
-------
Prugh, T. 1999. Natural Capital and Human Economic Survival. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis
Publishers.
Rosenberg, D.M., and V.H. Resh (eds.). 1993. Freshwater Biomonitoring and Benthic
Macroinvertebrates. New York, NY: Chapman and Hall.
Simpson, R.D., and N.L. Christensen, Jr. 1997. Ecosystem Function and Human Activities:
Reconciling Economics and Ecology. New York, NY: Chapman & Hall.
-------
-------
3. Journal Articles, Presentations, Book Chapters, and Working
Papers
The following is a list of shorter publications, both peer-reviewed and in the grey
literature, that address the major issues related to ecological risk assessment, ecosystem
valuation, and the integration of those approaches for benefits assessment:
Ecosystems. 2000. 3(1). Special Issue on Valuation of Ecosystems
This special issue of Ecosystems contains eight short articles from leading economists and
ecologists. These articles (listed below) provide overviews and assessments of practices
related to ecosystem valuation.
1. S. Carpenter and M. Turner. "Opening the Black Boxes: Ecosystem Science and
Economic Valuation."
2. R. Costanza. "Social Goals and the Valuation of Ecosystem Services."
3. J. Chavas. "Ecosystem Valuation under Uncertainty and Irreversibility."
4. D. Starrett. "Shadow Pricing in Economics."
5. H. Odum and E. Odum. "The Energetic Basis for Valuation of Ecosystem Services."
6. G. Heal. "Valuing Ecosystem Services."
7. D. Ludwig. "Limitations of Economic Valuation of Ecosystems."
8. L. Pritchard Jr., C. Folke, and L. Gunderson. "Valuation of Ecosystem Services in
Institutional Context."
Adamowicz, W., J. Louviere, and M. Williams. 1994. "Combining Revealed and Stated
Preference Methods for Valuing Environmental Amenities." Journal of Environmental
Economics and Management 26:271-292.
Adams, R.M., and T.D. Crocker. 1988. Model requirements for economic evaluation of
pollution impacts upon agriculture. In: W.W. Heck, O.C. Taylor, and D.T. Tingey (eds.)
Assessment of Crop Loss from Air Pollutants. New York, NY: Elsevier Applied Science.
ISBN-1-85166-244-8.
Adams, R.M., J.D Glyer, and B.A. McCarl. 1988. The NCLAN economic assessment:
approach, findings and implications. In: W.W. Heck, O.C. Taylor, and D.T. Tingey (eds.)
Assessment of Crop Loss from Air Pollutants. New York, NY: Elsevier Applied Science.
ISBN-1-85166-244-8.
-------
Arrow, K., G. Daily, P. Dasgupta, S. Levin, K. Maler, E. Maskin, D. Starrett, T. Sterner, and T.
Tietenberg. 2000. "Managing Ecosystem Resources." Environmental Science and
Technology 34:1401 -1406.
Bingham, G., R. Bishop, M. Brody, D. Bromley, E. Clark, W. Cooper, R. Costanza, T. Hale, G.
Hayden, S. Kellert, R. Norgard, B. Norton, J. Payne, C. Russell, and G. Suter. 1995.
"Issues in Ecosystem Valuation: Improving Information for Decision Making."
Ecological Economics 14:73-90.
Bockstael, N., M. Freeman, R. Kopp, P. Portney, and K. Smith. 2000. "On Measuring the
Economic Values for Nature." Environmental Science and Technology 34:1384-1389.
Bockstael, N., R. Costanza, I. Strand, W. Boynton, K. Bell, and Wainger. 1995. "Ecological
Economic Modeling and Valuation of Ecosystems." Ecological Economics 14:143-159.
Bowles, S. 1998. "Endogenous Preferences: The Cultural Consequences of Markets and Other
Economic Institutions." Journal of Economic Literature 36:75-111.
Campbell, D.E. 2000. "Using energy systems theory to define, measure, and interpret ecological
integrity and ecosystem health." Ecosystem Health 6(3): 181-204.
Campbell, D.E. 2001. "Proposal for including what is valuable to ecosystems in environmental
assessments." Environmental Science and Technology 35: 2867-2873.
Campbell, D.E., M. Meisch, T. DeMoss, J. Pomponio, and P. Bradley. 2004. "Keeping the
books for environmental systems: an energy analysis of West Virginia." Environmental
Monitoring and Assessment 94: 217-230.
Christensen, N.L., Bartuska, A.M., Brown, I.H., Carpenter, S., D'Antonio, C, Francis, R.,
Franklin, J.F., MacMahon, J.A., Noss, R.F., Parsons, D.I., Peterson, C.H., Turner, M.G.,
and Woodmansee, R.G. 1996. Report of the Ecological Society of America Committee
on the Scientific Basis for Ecosystem Management. Ecological Applications, 6(3): 665-
691.
Contant, C.K., and L.L. Wiggins. 1989. "Toward Defining and Assessing Cumulative Impacts:
Practical and Theoretical Considerations." In: The Scientific Challenges ofNEPA:
Future Directions, S.G. Hildebrand and J. B. Cannon (eds.), pp. 336-355. Ninth Oak
Ridge National Laboratory Life Sciences Symposium, Knoxville, Tennessee, October 24-
27,1989. Ann Arbor, MI: Lewis Publishers.
Cork, S., D. Shelton, C. Binning, and R. Parry. 2001. "A Framework for Applying the Concept
of Ecosystem Services to Natural Resource Management in Australia" In Third
Australian Stream Management Conference, Ruthorford, I., F. Sheldon, G. Briefly, and
C. Kenyon (eds.), pp. 157-162. August 27-29, 2001. Brisbane: Cooperative Research
Center for Catchment Hydrology.
-------
Costanza, R., R. d'Arge, R. de Groot, S. Farber; M. Grassot; B. Hannon; K. Limburg, S. Naeetn,
R.V. O'Neill, J Paruelo, R.G. Raskin, P. Sutton, and M. van den Belt. 1997. "The Value
of the World's Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital." Nature 387:253-280.
Daily, G.C., S. Alexander, P.R. Ehrlich, L. Goulder, J. Lubchenco, P.A. Matson, H.A. Mooney,
S. Postel, S.H. Schneider, D. Tilman, and G.M. Woodwell. 1997. "Ecosystem Services:
Benefits Supplied to Human Societies by Natural Ecosystems." Issues in Ecology 2:1-16.
Desvousges, W.H., H. Gable, R. Dunford, and R. Hudson. 1993. "Contingent Valuation: The
Wrong Tool to Measure Passive-use Losses." Choices 8(2):9-l 1.
Garrod, G.D., and K.G. Willis. 1994. "Valuing Biodiversity and Nature Conservation at a Local
Level." Biodiversity and Conservation 3:555-565.
Gowdy,J. 1997. "The Value of Biodiversity." Land Economics 73(\):25-l}.
Gregory, M.B., and E.A. Frick. 2001. "Indicator-bacteria Concentrations in Streams of the
Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area, March 1999- April 2000." In
Proceedings of the 2001 Georgia Water Resources Conference, K.J. Hatcher (ed.).
March 26-27, 2001. University of Georgia.
hltp://ga. water.usgs.gov/nawqa/rndi catorBacteria_99_OQ_final.pdf
Jordan, B.C., A.C. Basala, P.M. Johnson, M.H. Jones, and B. Madariaga(U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA). 1988. Policy
implications from crop loss assessment research: the U.S. perspective. In: W.W. Heck,
O.C. Taylor, and D.T. Tingey (eds.) Assessment ofCrop Loss from Air Pollutants. New
York, NY: Elsevier Applied Science. ISBN-1-85166-244-8.
Kantrud H.A, and W.E. Newton. 1996. "A Test of Vegetation-related Indicators of Wetland
Quality in the Prairie Pothole Region." Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Health
Management 5:177-191.
hUp://www.npwrc.usg.s.gov/reso»rce/olhrdata/vegindic/vegindic.htm
Loomis, J.B., and D.S. White. 1996. "Economic Benefits of Rare and Endangered Species:
Summary and Meta-analysis." Ecological Economics 18(18): 197-206.
Michael, H.J., K.J. Boyle, and R. Bouchard. 2000. "Does the Measurement of Environmental
Quality Affect Implicit Prices Estimated from Hedonic Models?" Land Economics
76(2):283-298.
Moran, D., and D. Pearce. 1997. "The Economics of Biodiversity." In The International
Yearbook of Environmental and Resource Economics 1997/1998—A Survey of Current
Issues, Henk Folmer and Tom Tietenberg (eds.), pp. 82-113, Cheltenham, UK: Edward
Elgar Publishing Company.
Pearce, D. 1998. "Auditing the Earth" (review of "The Value of the World's Ecosystem
Services and Natural Capital"). Environment 40(2):23-28.
-------
Pimentel, D. 1988. "Economic Benefits of Natural Biota." Ecological Economics 25(l):45-47.
Pimentel, D., C. Wilson, C. McCullum, R. Huang, P. Dwen, J. Flack, Q. Tran, T. Saltman, and
B. Cliff. 1997. "Economic and Environmental Benefits of Biodiversity." Bioscience
47(ll):747-757.
Principe, P. 1995. "Ecological Benefits Assessment: A Policy-oriented Alternative to Regional
Ecological Risk Assessment." Human and Ecological Risk Assessment l(4):423-435.
Renner, R. 1998. "Calculating the Cost of Natural Resource Damage." Environmental Science
and Technology (Feb 1): 86-90.
Schaberg, R., T. Holmes, K. Lee, and R. Abt. 1999. "Ascribing Value to Ecological Processes:
An Economic View of Environmental Change." Forest Ecology and Management
114:329-338.
Shogren, J.F., and C. Nowell. 1992. "Economics and Ecology: A Comparison of Experimental
Methodologies and Philosophies." Ecological Economics 5:101-126.
Schweiger, E., S. Leibowitz, J. Hynam, W. Foster, and M. Downing. 2002. "Synoptic
Assessment of Wetland Function: A Planning Tool for Protection of Wetland Species
Biodiversity." Biodiversity and Conservation 11:379-406.
Smith, V.K. 1997. "Pricing What is Priceless: A Status Report on Non-Market Valuation of
Environmental Resources." In The International Yearbook of Environmental and
Resource Economics J997/1998, H. Folmer and T. Tietenberg (eds.), pp. 156-204,
Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Company.
Toman, M.A. 1998. "Why Not Calculate the Value of the World's Ecosystem Services and
Natural Capital?" Ecological Economics 25:57-60.
Unsworth, R., and R. Bishop. 1994. "Assessing Natural Resource Damages Using
Environmental Annuities." Ecological Economics 11:35-41.
Wilson, M.A., and S.R. Carpenter. 1999. "Economic Valuation of Freshwater Ecosystem
Services in the United States: 1971-1997." Ecological Applications 9:772-783.
10
-------
4. Databases/Bibliographies
The following is a list of online databases and bibliographies that contain detailed and
targeted lists of references, data, and project descriptions related to ecosystem valuation,
ecological risk assessment, and ecological benefits assessment.
The Beneficial Use Values Database.
UC-Davis' Agricultural and Resource Economics Department.
hitp://buvd.ucdavis.edu/index.htm
The Biodiversity Bibliography.
University of Minnesota.
• Includes bibliographies for ecosystem valuation, bioeconomic modeling,
and valuation methods
http://w\vw.apec.umn.edu/facultv/spolasky/Biobib.html
Coral Reef Literature Review.
NOAA Coastal and Ocean Resource Economics.
hitp://www3 .nos.noaa.gov/fonns/econ/corebibs/coralsearch.lasso
Coral Reef Valuation Database.
NOAA Marine Economics.
hltp:/Avwfw.marineeconomics.noaa.gov/Reefs/Master.y.ip
Cumulative Environmental Effects Cross-Referenced Annotated Bibliography.
Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency.
http://vww.ceaa-acee.gc.ca/0012/0005/0001/biblio e.htm
Ecosystem Valuation.
• Provides overview, discussion, references, and links to other sites related
to ecosystem valuation.
http://www.ecosvstemvaluation.org/
ENVALUE Environmental Valuation Database.
New South Wales, Australia EPA.
http://www2.epa.nsw.gov.au/envalue/
The Environmental Valuation Reference Inventory (EVRI).
Environment Canada.
hnp://199.212.18.90/evri/
Florida Environmental Resource Valuation Case Studies.
NOAA Marine Economics.
hnp.7/wvw>^.marineeconomics.noaa,gov/bibsbt/ANNQBlB4 FlN.pdf
11
-------
The National Biolological Information Infrastructure (NBIl).
U.S. Geological Survey Center for Biological Informatics.
Non-Market Values Database for the National Ocean Economics Project.
USC Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies.
http://biology.usc.edu/NOEP/
Recent Literature on Contingent Valuation Methods for Valuing Environmental Goods.
T. Cameron, UCLA.
0 List of studies with abstracts
http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/ssc/labs/cameron/nrs98/cvinv.htni
Recreation Values Database.
R. Rosenberger, University of West Virginia, under contract to the U.S. Forest Service.
hitpV/www.marineeconomics. noaa.gov/bibsbt/Rec Values Data _1998.xls
South Florida Ecological Bibliography.
NOAA Coastal and Ocean Resource Economics.
/www3:^
South Florida Socioeconomic Bibliography.
NOAA Coastal and Ocean Resource Economics.
http://www3.nos.noaa.aov/rbrnWecoiVcorebibs/socsearch.lasso
Sportflshing Values Database.
Industrial Economics, Inc.
http://www. indecon. com/inf'oprod. htm
Valuing the Nature of Maine Database.
Maine Audubon Society.
^^^
12
-------
5. USEPA Reports and Resources
The following is a list of EPA sources, including reports, workshop summaries, and links
to papers and project abstracts. These sources provide an overview of the range and types of
ecological benefits assessment activities being conducted at the Agency. They are organized by
office (or program) and listed alphabetically by title.
5.1 General EPA
t
EPA "Ecosystems" Website
http.7/ww\v.epa.gov/ebtDages/ecosvstems.htTTil
5.2 Office of Air and Radiation (OAR)
The Benefits and Costs of the Clean Air Act, 1970 to 1990. \ 997. Office of Air and Radiation
EPA410-R-97-002.
http ://www. epa. gov/air/sect812/contsetc.pdf
The Benefits and Costs of the Clean Air Act, 1990 to 2010. 1997. Office of Air and Radiation
EPA 410-R-99-001
http://www.epa.gov/air/sect812/1990-2010/fullrent.Ddf
5.3 Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP)
Initiative to Revise the Ecological Assessment Process for Pesticides
http ://www. epa. gov/oppefed 1 /ecori sk/index. htm
5.4 Office of Policy Economics and Innovation (OPEI)
Ecosystem Services and Their Valuation.
Prepared by RCG/Hagler, Bailly, Inc., for EPA, Office of Policy Analysis. February
1990. Draft Final Report.
Guidelines for Preparing Economic Analyses.
EPA Office of the Administrator. September 2000. EPA 240-R-00-003.
National Center for Environmental Economics (NCEE), Environmental Economics Reports
Inventory.
13
-------
Benefit Methodologies Applied to Ecological Hazards from Toxic Substances, Volume II
of Research and Demonstration of Improved Methods for Carrying Out Benefit-Cost
Analysis of Individual Regulation.
http://vosemite.epa.gov/EE/epa/eemvnstyvwRepNamLookupfl5E-0269B7OpenDocurnent
Economic Valuation of Aquatic Ecosystems.
http://vosemite.epa.eov/EE/epa/eerm.ns^vwRepNumLookup/EE-0237?OpenDocument
Integrating the Environment and the Economy: Proceedings of June 1994 Association of
Environmental and Resource Economists Workshop.
hUp://yosemite.epagov/EE/epa/eerm,nsf/vwRepNumLookup/EE-012G?OpenDocument
Inventory of Ecosystem Effects.
http.V/vosemite. epa.gov/EE/epa/eernvnsf/ vwRepNumLook'up/EE-0364?OpenDocurrient
Marine Pollution and Environmental Damage Assessment.
http://vosemite.epa.cov/EE/epa/eerm.nsfyvwReDNumLookup/EE-Q1217ODenDocument
Proceedings of the Colloquium on Economics, Ecology, and Sustainable Policies.
http://\'osemite.epa.gov/EE/epa/eerm.nsryvwRepNumLookup/EE-0153?OpenDocument
Valuing and Managing Ecosystems: Economic Research Sponsored by NSF/EPA,
Proceedings of the first Workshop in the Environmental Policy and Economics
Workshop Series.
5.5 Office of Research and Development (ORD)
EPA Science Forum 2003: Partnering to Protect Human Health and the Environment
May 5-7,2003, Washington, DC
Moving Science into Action Poster Abstracts:
hltp://www.epa.gov/orcl/scienceforum/abs lracts_science.htm
Year of Water Poster Abstracts:
http://www. epa. gov/ord/sci enceforum/abstracts water, htm.
Integrating Ecological Risk Assessment and Economic Analysis in Watersheds.
Bruins, R.J.F, M.T. Heberling, O.H. Erekson, R.J. Supalia, S. Stewart, and J. Kahn.
2002. Poster presented by NCEA to The Society of Environmental Toxicology and
Chemistry.
Managing Ecological Risks at EPA: Issues and Recommendations for Progress.
Troyer, M., and M. Brody. September 1994. Office of Research and Development and
Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation. EPA/600/R-94/183.
National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA)
14
-------
hti^i//cfpub;eEa,goy/ncea/
Ecological Risk Assessment Program
http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/ecologic.cfm
Framework on Cumulative Risk Assessment
hUp://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfnt/recordisplav.cfrn?deid:::54944
Generic Assessment Endpoints for Ecological Risk Assessments. Risk Assessment
Forum. October 2002. External Review Draft.
^
NCEA Science Inventory
htlp://cfpub. epa.gov/ncea/cfrn/sciencequery. cfrn?ActType=Project&detype=project&coU
ect=science+invent&excCol=archive
Key projects in the NCEA Science Inventory include:
Advancing Ecological Risk Assessment Through Guidance for Planning
Assessments and Developing Assessment Endpoints.
Cultural Models of Environmental Risk Perception.
hUp://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/sciencedi splay. cfTn?deid=22496&ActType=project
Framework for Cumulative Risk Assessment.
http://cfpub.epa.eov/ncea/cftn/.sciencedi.spla\'.ct'ni?deid::22457&AciTvpe:::project
Harmonization of Human and Ecological Health Assessment: Development of
Bayesian Updating Techniques to Incorporate Mechanistic Information Across
Species.
htlp.7/cfpub.epa.eov/ncea/cfrn/sciencedispIav.cfni?deid:::224S2&AciT>'pe";project
Integrated Assessment for a Sustainable Bering Sea.
http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/sciencedispiay. cfin?deid=22446&ActType=proiect
Risk Assessment for Benefits Analysis.
http://cfpub,epa.aov/ncea/cfm/sciencedisplav.cfin?deid=56433&ActTvpe=proiect
National Center for Environmental Research (NCER) STAR Grants
Project Abstracts
http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer abstracts/index.cfm/fuseaction/research.search/rpt/abs/tvpe/3
Links to Project Abstracts by Selected Research Categories':
1 Links to these and other research categories can also be found by selecting specific project abstracts (see "Project
Abstracts" link above) and then clicking on the "Research Category" field.
15
-------
Approaches to Multi-scale Ecological Assessment in the Middle Atlantic Region.
http://ct'pub. epa.gov/ncerabstracts/index.crni/f'useaction/displav.researchCategor
v/rcJd/568
Computing Technology for Ecosystem Modeling.
hUp://cfp»b.epa.gov/ncer abstracts/index.cfm/fuseach'on/display.researchCategor
v/rc id/367
Decision Making and Valuation for Environmental Policy.
http://cfpub2.epa.gov/ncer abstracts/index. cfm/'fuseactioii/displav.reseai'chCatetio
ry/rc_id/566
Development of National Aquatic Ecosystem Classifications and Reference
Conditions.
http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer abstracts/index.cmVfuseaction/research.dispiav/rtJt/abs/
rfa id/130
Development of Watershed Classification Systems for Diagnosis of Biological
Impairment in Watersheds.
http;//cfpub..epj.^
v/rc id/829
Ecological Indicators.
http://cfpub.epa.aov/ncer abstracts/index.cmi/fuseactiony'displav.researchCateeor
v/rc id/109
Ecosystem Indicators.
http://cfpub.epa gov/ncer_abslract.s/index.cftn/fuseaction/displav.researchCateaor
y/rc id/4
Ecosystem Restoration.
ht1£://cfj3uj?..epa. aoy^
v/rc id/16
Endocrine Disrupters.
http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer abstracts/index.cfin/Fuseaction/disolav.researchCategor
y/rc_id/2
Environmental Biology.
http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer abstracts/index.cfai/fuseaction/displav.researchCategor
v/rc id/3
Environmental Statistics.
http:/Mpub. epa. govAra^^
v/rc id/15
16
-------
Exploratory Research—Environmental Biology.
http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer abstracts/index.cfni/fuseaction/displav.researchCategor
y/rcjld/3j
Harmful Algal Blooms.
http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncerabstracts/index.cfrn/fu.seaction/display.re.searchCategor
v/rc id/38
Nutrient Science for Improved Watershed Management.
http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer abstrarts/index.cfm/fuseactioii/displav.reseai-chCategor
v/rc id/830
Recreational Water Quality.
http://cfpab.epa.gov/ncer abstracls/index.crm/fuseaction/displav.researchCategor
v/rc id/132
Regional Scale Analysis and Assessment.
hlt£://cj(£ub..ej!a.£^
\7rcjd7s8
Research Program on Statistical Survey Design and Analysis for Aquatic
Resources.
hltp://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer_abslracls/index.cfm/ruseaction/display.researchCatcgor
v/rc id/143
Terrestrial Ecology and Global Change.
http://cfpub.eDa.gov/ncerabstracts/index.cfm/fuseactioaMsplav.researchCategor
v/rc id/34
Understanding the Sources and Fate of Conventional and Alternative Indicator
Organisms in Tropical Waters.
http;.MBub,epjy5p^^
stract/1008/report/O
Water and Watersheds.
http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer abstracts/index.cfm/fuseaction/displav.researchCateaor
y/rc_id/22
Wildlife Risk Assessment.
http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer abstracts/index.cfm/fuseaction/displav.researchCategor
v/rc id/565
Office of Research and Development Strategic Plan.
January 2001. EPA7600/R-01/003.
http://www.epa.gov/osp/stplan.htm
ORD 's Work on Invasive Species
http://w\vw.epa.eov/ord/htm/article2.htm
17
-------
Priorities for Ecological Protection: An Initial List and Discussion Document for EPA.
Office of Research and Development. January 1997. EPA/600/S-97/002.
w..^^
Research Plan for Integrating Ecological Risk Assessment and Economics in Place-Based
Decision Making.
EPA National Center for Environmental Assessment. 2000. NCEA-C-0633.
Willamete Basin Alternative Futures Analysis.
Office of Research and Development. August 2002. EPA 600/R-02/045(a).
http://vvww.fsl .orsl.edu/pnwerc/wrb/proi summarv.pdf
5.6 Office of Science Policy (OSP)
Critical Ecosystems Workshop.
June 2002. Keystone, CO.
hnp://wv\w epa.gov/osp/regions/criteco.htrn
A Framework for the Economic Assessment of Ecological Benefits.
EPA Social Sciences Discussion Workgroup. February 2002.
hitD://epa.gov/osp/SDC/feaeb3.pdf
5.7 Office of Sustainable Ecosystems and Communities (OSEC)
Targeting Regional Priority Places. Ecosystem Targeting: Criteria, Methods, and Data
Sources.
Prepared by ICF Incorporated for EPA, Office of Sustainable Ecosystems and
Communities. December 1998.
5.8 Office of Water (O\V)
Assessing the Neglected Ecological Benefits of Watershed Management Practices, A Resource
Book.
Prepared by ICF Consulting for EPA, Office of Water. April 2000.
Biological Indicators of Watershed Health.
http://www.epa. aov/bioindicators/
EPA AQUATOX Model.
• Simulates the fate and effects of multiple environmental stressors on freshwater
ecosystems.
http://www.epa gov/waterscience/rnodels/aauatox/aboul.html
18
-------
National Coastal Condition Report.
Office of Research and Development/Office of Water. September 2001. EPA-620/R-
01/005.
http.7/epa gov/owo w/oceans/nccr/do wnl oads.html
Standardizing the Framework for Valuing Ecosystem Services.
Office of Water. October 2002. Working Paper.
5.9 EPA Regional Offices
Ecosystems Protection & Remediation Office.
EPA Region 8.
http://www.epa gov/regi on08/abou l/orgcharl/epr. h tml
Mid-Atlantic Environmental Services Division.
EPA Region 3.
hnp://www.epa.gov/reg3esd I/
New England Biological Assessment of Wetlands Work Group.
EPARegionl.
hitp://www.epa.eov/regionl/eco/wetland/index.html
Northwest Biological Assessment Workgroup.
EPA Region 10.
hitp://vosemile.epa.gov/R10/OEA.NSF/af6d4571 f3e2b1698825650(0071180a/0cb4cd7ar
3495b4c88256bdc007b7c55?QpenDocument
Science and Ecosystem Support Division.
EPA Region 4.
http://www.epa. gov/region4/sesd/
Southeastern Ecological Framework.
EPA Region 4.
http://wvmgeoplan.ufl.edii/epa/index.html
5.10 Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP)
EMAP Research Strategy.
5.11 Science Advisory Board (SAB)
A Framework for Assessing and Reporting on Ecological Condition: A Summary.
EPA Science Advisory Board. September 2002. EPA-SAB-EPEC-02-009A
http:/Avww. epa. go v/sab/pdf/epecQ2009a. pdf
19
-------
Panel on Valuing the Protection of Ecological Systems and Services.
EPA Science Advisory Board.
.://myyiLejg>a^
Review of the Draft Analytical Plan for EPA 's Second Prospective Analysis — Benefits and Costs
of the Clean Air Act J 990-2020.
EPA Advisory Council on Clean Air Compliance Analysis. September 2001. Chapter 5
and Appendices D and E.
http://ww\v. epa. gov/science 1/pdf/cotincilaOl 004.pdf
Toward Integrated Environmental Decision-Making.
EPA Science Advisory Board. August 2000. EPA-SAB-EC-00-01 1
http://www.epa gov/sab/pdf/ecirpO 1 1 .pdf
Understanding Public Values and Attitudes Related to Ecological Risk Management: An SAB
Workshop Report of an EPA/SAB Workshop. September 2001 .
EPA-SAB-EC-WKSP-01-001
http://www.epa.gov/sciencel/Ddf/ecwkspQ1 001 .ndf
20
-------
6. Other US Government Sources
The following is a list of non-EPA federal government sources, including reports,
workshop summaries, and links to papers and project abstracts. These sources provide an
overview of the range and types of ecological benefits assessment activities being conducted by
other federal agencies. They are organized by agency and listed alphabetically by title.
6.1 Army Corps of Engineers
Des Plaines River Phase I Project.
http://www. Ire, us ace, army, mil/proj ects/desplrvr-ped.htm
Economic and Environmental Analysis Conference: "Balancing Economy and Environment."
New Orleans, LA, July 16-18,2002.
http://www.usace. armv.mil/inet/functions/cvv/cecwp/eaiide2002
6. LI Institute for Water Resources (IWR)
Draft Report on Improving Environmental Benefits Analysis. January 2003. Alexandria, VA:
USAGE, IWR.
Environmental Activities in Corps of Engineers Water Resources Programs. Charting a New
Direction. 1993.
http://www.iwr usace.ariny\inil/iwr/pdiy93PS-lnew.pdf).
Environmental Valuation: The Role of Stakeholder Communication and Collaborative Planning
Schkade, D.A., T.D. Feather, and D.T. Capan. 1996. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,
Water Resources Support Center, Institute for Water Resources; U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station. GB701 I5RNO.96-R-17.
hnpj//wj^jw.uMc^^
The Evaluation of Environmental Investments Research Program.
Managed jointly with the USACE's Waterways Experiment Station.
http://www.vves.armv.mil/el/ecubed/eeirp.htnil
Improvements for EBA (Environmental Benefits Analysis).
March 2001. White Paper.
h ttp://www. i wr. usace. army. mi l/i wr/pdf/stakhi vnrc. pd f
National Economic Development Procedures Manual—Recreation. Volume III, A Case Study
Application of the Contingent Valuation Method for Estimating Urban Recreation Use
and Benefits.
Hansen, W.J. et al. 1990. GB70115RNO.90-R-11.
IWR Reports Inventory
http://www.iwr.usace.armv.mil/iwr/nroducts/reports/reports.htm
21
-------
Evaluation of Environmental Investments Procedures Overview Manual.
hitp://www.iwr.usace.anny.mil/iwr/pdf/96r30.pdf'
Incorporating Significance: A New Perspective for Environmental Project Planning.
http://u'ww.iwr.usace.amiv.nul/iwr/pdf./95rl0.pdf
Monetary Measurement of Environmental Goods and Services: Framework and
Summary of Techniques for Corps Planners.
http://www.iwr.usace.arnw.mii/iwr/pdf/96r24.pdf
Resource Monetary and Nonmonetary Valuation of Environmental Investments.
hitp://www.iwr.usace.annv.tnil/iwr/pdr/95r02.pdf
Review of Compilation and Review of Completed Restoration and Mitigation Studies in
Developing an Evaluation Framework for Environmental Resources Volume II.
Risk and Uncertainty into Environmental Evaluation: An Annotated Bibliography.
http://www.iwr.usace.army.mil/iwr/pdf/96r09.pdf
Valuing Urban Wetlands: A Property Pricing Approach.
hitp://www.iwr.usace.annv.mil/iwr/pdf/97r01.pdf
6. 1. 2 Engineering Research and Development Center
Amenity Resource Valuation: Integrating Economics with Other Disciplines.
Peterson, G.L., B.L. Driver, and R. Gregory (eds.). 1988. HD1386.5 A54 1988.
Economic Valuation of Wetland Functions and Values: Literature Review.
Luzar, E.J., and C. Gan. 1991. TA7 W343.W4.L8 1991.
The Economics of Natural Environments: Studies in the Valuation of Commodity and Amenity
Resources.
Krutilla, J.V., and A.C. Fisher. 1985. 333.7 K94A.
Hydrogeomorphic (HGM) Approach to Assessing Wetland Functions.
hUp://www. wes.anny.mil/el/wetlands/Tvgrnhp.htinl
Literature Review of Economic Valuation of Aquatic Plant Control.
Thunberg, E.M. 1991. TA7 W34MNO.A-91-1.
Market Analysis for Valuation Appraisals.
Fanning, S.F., T.V. Grissom, andT.D. Pearson. 1994. 333.33 F33 1994.
Nonmarket Valuation of Freshwater Wetlands: The Francis Beidler Forest.
Dillman, B.L., L.J. Beran, and D.D. Hook. 1993. GB705 C57RNO.135.
The Preservation and Valuation of Biological Resources.
Orians, G.H. et al. (eds.). 1990. 333.95 OR4.
22
-------
Summary of Valuation Methods for Wetlands
Henderson, J.E. 1989. TA7 W344.E58NO.EEDP-06-8.
Valuation of Lake Resources Through Hedonic Pricing.
Feather, T.D., in collaboration with E.M. Pettit and P. Ventikos. 1993. GB70115R
N0.92-R-8.
6.2 Council on Environmental Quality
Choosing Appropriate Scales for Making Decisions on Cumulative Impacts: A Guide for
Managers.
U.S. Conservation Foundation. 1990. Prepared for the Council on Environmental
Quality. Washington, DC.
Considering Cumulative Effects Under the National Environmental Policy Act.
40 CFR Parts 1500-15081 [1978].
http://clinton4.nara.gov/CEQ/reports/effects/ccenepahtml
Inventory of U.S. Federal Agency Activities on Cumulative Impact Assessment.
Cohrssen, J.J. (ed.) 1988. Washington, DC: Council on Environmental Quality.
httn ://cea .eh. doe, eov/nepa/ccenena/ccenepa. htm
6.3 Department of Agriculture (USDA)
6.3. 1 Forest Service (USFS)
Assessing the Cumulative Effects of Linear Recreation Routes on Wildlife Habitats on the
Okanogan and Wenatchee National Forests.
Gaines W.L., P.H. Singleton, and R.C. Ross. 2002. Draft General Technical Report
PNW-GTR-XXX.
http://wwv»'.fs.fed.us/r6/wenatchee/recreate/Rec- vvildlife-effects-5-01-02.pdf
Economics of Forest Protection and Management.
Southern Research Station.
Values of Forest Goods and Services (selection of papers)
Identification and Valuation of Wildland Resource Benefits Program.
Rocky Mountain Research Station.
http://www.fs.fed.us/rm/value/
23
-------
6.3.2 Economic Research Service (ERS)
Agricultural Economics Report Series.
Agricultural Resources and Environmental Indicators, 2000.
http://www.ere.usdagov/Emphases/Hannotiy/issues/arei20QO/
Economic Valuation of Environmental Benefits and the Targeting of Conservation
Programs: The Case of the CRP.
hitp://www.efs.usda.gov/publications/aer778/
Wetlands and Agriculture: Private Interests and Public Benefits.
http://www.ers.usda.gOv/publications/aer765/l
6.3.3 Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)
Economic and Watershed Technical Information.
http-J/walerliame. lamu. edwNRCSdata/tech.html
Resource Economics and Social Sciences Division.
http://www.nrcs.usda.eov/teclmical/RESS/
Natural Resource Economics Handbook.
http://waterhome.tamu.edu/NRCSdata/tech.html
6.4 Department of Commerce
6.4.1 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
6.4.1.1 Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research. Coastal Ocean Program.
Decision Analysis Series.
Economic Valuation of Natural Resources: A Guidebook for Coastal
Resources Policymakers.
http://www.mdsg.umd.edu/Exlension/valuation/handbook.htm
f
6.4.1.2 Coastal and Ocean Resource Economics (CORE) Program.
http://marijieeconomics.noaa.gov/tfValuation
6.4.1.3 Damage Assessment and Restoration Program (DARP).
http://www.darp.noaa.gov/
Damage Assessment and Restoration Plan and Environmental Assessment for the
Point Comfort/La Vaca Bay NPL Site: Ecological Injuries and Service Losses.
http://www. darp.noaa. eov/seregion/1 vbodf/lavdaroe. pd r
24
-------
Damage Assessment and Restoration Plan and Environmental Assessment for the
Point Comfort/La Vaca Bay NPL Site: Recreational Fishing Losses.
Hudson River Natural Resource Damage Assessment Plan.
http://www.darp.noaa. gov/neregion/hrpdf/hmrdafl .pdf
6.4. 1.4 National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)
Fisheries Economics.
&^^
Guidelines for Economic Analysis of Fishery Management Actions.
hltp://www.nmfs.noaagov/sfa/New%20RFA%20Guidelines%20FinaI%20%20Ve
rsion%2010-03-00.htm
Our Living Oceans: The Economic Valuation of U.S. Fisheries.
Office of Sustainable Fisheries. 1996. NO AA Technical Memorandum.
6.5 Department of Energy
Methodologies for Assessing the Cumulative Environmental Effects of Hydroelectric Development
of Fish and Wildlife in the Columbia River Basin. Volume 2: Example and Procedural
Guidelines.
U.S. Department of Energy and Bonneville Power Administration. 1987DOE/BP-19461-4.
hltp://www. efw. boa. eov/Envi ronmenl/EW/EWP/DOCS/REPORTS/GENER AL/I19461 -
4.pdf
6.6 US Department of the Interior (USDOI)
6.6.1 National Park Service (NFS)
Economic Impacts of Protecting Rivers, Trails, and Greenway Corridors.
http ://www.nps. gov/p wro/rtca/econ9. pdf
6.6.2 Fish & Wildlife Service (FWS)
Economic Analysis for Hydropawer Relicensing: Guidance and A Iternative Methods.
hUp.7/policy.fwsgov/nvdrotoc.pdf
Chapter 5. Primary Methods and Key Concepts for Valuing Non-Power Benefits.
http://policv.fvvs.eov/hvdrochap5.pdf
Habitat Evaluation Procedures (HEP).
FWS Division of Ecological Services.
httn://Dolicv.fws.gov/ESMindex.html
25
-------
A Manual for Conducting Natural Resource Damage Assessment: The Role of Economics.
FWS Division of Economics. 1995.
6. 6. 3 Bureau of Land Management (BLM)
Colorado Plateau Managers ' Coalition: Social Valuation of Environmental and Community
Amenities of the Colorado Plateau Program.
hUp.V/wvvw.co.blm.gov/coplat/cpresearch.htm.
Notes on Ecological Valuation Across Cultural Boundaries.
Winthrop, R. February 2003. Prepared for Workshop on Valuing Ecological Benefits,
USEPA National Center for Environmental Economics, Washington, DC.
Snake River Resource Management Plan.
(Pinedale Field Office). 2003. Draft EIS (see Appendix 6).
http://wvvw. wv.blm.gov/srrmp/deis/
6.6.4 United States Geological Survey (USGS)
Duck Populations as Indicators of Landscape Condition in the Prairie Pothole Region.
Austin, J.E., T.K.. Buhl, G.R. Guntenspergen, W. Norling, and H.T. Sklebar. 2001.
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 69:29-47. Jamestown, ND: Northern Prairie
Wildlife Research Center Home Page. (Version 05DEC2001).
hrtp://www.npwrc. usgs.gov/resource/2001/dpopland/dpopland.htm
The Fort Collins Science Center.
Habitat Evaluation Procedures (HEP).
hltp://www.mesc.usgs.gov/products/software/hep/hep.asp
Major Issues and Finding: What Are the Cumulative Effects of Mixed (Urban/Agriculture) Land
Use on Water Quality.
http://water.usgs.gOv/pubs/circll67/nawqa91.c.html
A Science Strategy for Ecosystem Health, Sustainability, and Land Surface Change Research.
Status and Trends of the Nation's Biological Resources. Internal draft.
hUp://bioloev. usgs.gov/s*t/SNT/mdex.h.tm
26
-------
6.7 Department of Transportation
6.7.1 Federal Highway Administration
Secondary and Cumulative Impact Assessment in the Highway Project Development Process.
April 1992. Position Paper, Project Development Branch, HEP-32.
hitp://nepa.fhwa.dot.gov/ReNepa/ReNepa.nsf/aa5aec9f63be385c852568ccOQ55ea16/845
bc790d9a89499852569340Q6ae913/$FILE/Secoiidarv+and+Cumulative+lnmact+Assess
ment+iff+the+HiEhwav+Proiecl+DeveloDmenl+Process.htm
6.8 National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Proposed Indices of Leading Climatic Indicators for Impact Assessment.
HttT)://www.eai-th.nasa.gov/visiotis/in-silu/chap4.htm
27
-------
28
-------
7. Foreign Government Sources
This section includes a short list of potentially useful foreign government sources. Our
search of these sources was relatively limited, but the following reports and websites were
identified as being particularly relevant to this effort.
7.1 Canada
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (Environment Bureau).
Report on Agri-Environmental Indicators.
http://www.agr.ec.ca/policy/environment/eb/public html/ebe/aei.html
Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency.
Reference Guide: Addressing Cumulative Environmental Effects.
Environment Canada.
Cumulative Impacts on Aquatic Biodiversity Project.
httpr/Avww.nwri. ca/aei rb/ciabp.html
7.2 The Netherlands
Workshop on the Valuation of Ecosystem Benefits from Air Pollution Abatement.
The Netherlands Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment.
October 2002 Put on by UNECE/Network of Experts on Benefits and Economic
Instruments (NEBEI). Presenters from EPA, the Netherlands, the UK, and Norway.
hUD://\vww2.minvrom.nl/pagina.html?id=5181
7 J New Zealand
New Zealand Ministry for the Environment.
Environmental Performance Indicators Programme.
http:/Avww.environment.govt.nz/indicators/
29
-------
30
-------
8. Nongovernmental, Academic, and International Institutions
The following is a list of other nongovernment sources, including reports and
descriptions of relevant research by nongovernmental, academic, and international organizations.
They are organized alphabetically by the name of the organization.
8.1 The Beijer International Institute of Ecological Economics (The Royal Swedish
Academy of Sciences)
Swedish Component of ECOWETProject.
http://ww\v.beiier.kvase/research/research.htnil
8.2 Canaan Valley Institute
Mid-Atlantic Highlands Action Program. Transforming the Legacy. July 2002.
http.V/www.canaanvi.org/hanreport
8.3 Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment (CSERGE),
University of East Anglia, UK.
Environmental Valuation Research Site.
http://\\fww.uea.ac.uk/eiiv/cserge/researcli/env val.htm
8.4 Ecological Society of America
Report of the Ecological Society of America Committee on the Scientific Basis for
Ecosystem Management (see also cited article from Ecological Applications).
hUn://www.sdsc.edu/%7EESA/ecmiexi.hlm
8.5 Gund Institute of Ecological Economics, University of Vermont (formerly located at
the University of Maryland)
http ://w ww. uvm. edu/'ei ee/
The Geography of Ecosystem Services: Maximizing the Value of Landscapes in Land-use
Conservation (abstract of presentation at the Society for Conservation Biology's 2002
Annual Meeting, available at
http://w\\'w.conservationbiologv.org/SCB/Activities/Meeiings/2002/abstfact.s/s>'iTiposia/s
ympelijhtcfm)
31
-------
8.6 The H. John Heinz III Center for Science, Economics and the Environment
State of the Nation's Ecosystems. 2002. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
8.7 Institute of Ecosystem Studies
The Baltimore Ecosystem Study.
http : //www. ecosUidi es . org/bes/f rame4-pa ge_3 d . html
8.8 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
Report of the Study Group on Ecosystem Assessment and Monitoring.
http://www.ices.dk/reports/inhc/2000/saeamOO.doc
8.9 International Society for Ecological Economics
8.10 International Society for Ecosystem Health
Rapport, D.J., G. Bohm, D. Buckingham, J. Cairns, Jr., R. Costanza, J.R. Karr, H.A.M.
de Kruijf, R. Levins, A.J. McMichael, N.O. Nielsen, and W.G. Whitford. 1999.
"Ecosystem Health: The Concept, the ISEH, and the Important Tasks Ahead."
Ecosystem Health 5(2): 82-90.
hitD://www.ecosvstemhealth.conv'iniages/ISEHCotnnientarv.oclf
8.11 National Research Council (NRC), National Academy of Science (NAS)
Assessing and Valuing the Services of Aquatic Ecosystems. Water Science and
Technology Board. Project WSTB-U-00-02-A.
htM/www4,nas:edu/webCT
Cumulative Environmental Effects of Alaskan North Slope Oil and Gas Activities. Report
not yet released, project description available online at
http:/Avwvv4.nas.edu//CD.ns^8S2563d5Q053fDc285255d8b004e349a/bfaOb288iV56cOS28S
256922005abfl»l
Ecological Indicators for the Nation. 2000. Committee to Evaluate Indicators for
Monitoring Aquatic and Terrestrial Environments, National Research Council.
hnD://w\vw.nap.edu/books/0309068452/html/
32
-------
Ecological Knowledge and Environmental Problem Solving—Concepts and Case Studies.
National Research Council. 1986. Committee on the Applications of Ecological Theory
to Environmental Problems. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
httT)://books.naD.edu/books/03090364S3/lUml/93.html#pagetop
New Directions in Water Resources Planning for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
Committee to Assess the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Water Resources Project
Planning Procedures, National Research Council. 1999.
8.12 Northeast-Midwest Institute
Economic Valuation of Great Lakes Environmental Benefits
http.7/www.nemw.org/grcatlakes.hlm#econval
8.13 Organization for Economic Cooperation. 2002.
OECD Environmental Indicators: Towards Sustainable Development, 2001.
8.14 Pacific Research Institute
Index of Leading Environmental Indicators, 7"1 Edition.
Hayward, S.F., and J. Majeres. 2002. San Francisco, CA: Pacific Research Institute.
http://www.pacificfeseai-ch.ofe/pub/sab/e»viro/ei2QQ2-slates/pri enviro index 2002.pdf
8.15 United Nations (UN)
UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
List of environmental and related socio-economic indicators.
http.7/uns tats.un.org/unsd/environment/indicaiors.htm
UN Environmental Program (UNEP).
The Global Biodiversity Assessment.
http://www.unep.org/unep/gef/BioGba.htm
UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC).
Large Marine Ecosystem Valuation
iM
33
-------
8.16 Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Marine Policy Center Research Projects.
i.^
8.17 World Bank
Environmental Valuation.
http://lnwebI8.vvorldbank.org/ESSD/essdexl.nsf/44ByPocName/EnvironmentalEconomi
csandltsADplicationsEnvironmentalValuation
8.18 World Commission on Dams
Dams, Ecosystem Functions and Environmental Restoration.
http://www.damsreport.org/docs/kbase/thematic/drafts/tr21 draftpdf
8.19 World Resources Institute
Indicators of Potential Risks to Human Health from Environmental Threats.
http://www.wri org/wri/ehi/index.html
34
------- |