ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT
A Summary of Water Pollution
and Related Factors
Memphis Metropolitan Area
Arkansas - Mississippi - Tennessee
Review and Evaluation Branch
Denver Field Investigation Center
Denver, Colorado
October 1971
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Title Page
LIST OF FIGURES ii
LIST OF TABLES ii
I INTRODUCTION 1
• II SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 2
III DESCRIPTION OF AREA 5
IV APPLICABLE WATER QUALITY REGULATIONS 8
A. ENFORCEMENT CONFERENCE REQUIREMENTS 8
B. WATER QUALITY STANDARDS 10
C. WASTE DISCHARGE PERMIT PROGRAMS 16
Refuse Act Permit Program (RAPP) 16
State Certifications 19
Oil Pollution Regulations 20
State Discharge Permits 20
V. HISTORY OF ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS 22
A. FEDERAL-STATE ENFORCEMENT CONFERENCE 22
B. MERCURY POLLUTION INVESTIGATIONS 24
C. REFUSE ACT ACTIONS . 25
VI SOURCES OF POLLUTION 28
A. MUNICIPAL WASTE SOURCES 29
B. INDUSTRIAL WASTE SOURCES 35.
Loosahatchie River Drainage 49
Wolf River Drainage 50
Nonconnah Creek Drainage 50
Mississippi River Drainage 54
VII WATER QUALITY PROBLEMS 55
A. LOOSAHATCHIE RIVER 56
B. WOLF RIVER 56
C. NONCONNAH CREEK 57
D. MCKELLAR LAKE 58
E. MISSISSIPPI RIVER 58
BIBLIOGRAPHY 60
APPENDICES
A. Arkansas Water Quality Criteria
applicable to the Mississippi River
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)
Section
Title
B. Summary of Tennessee Water Quality
Standards
C. Summary of Mississippi Water Quality
Standards
D. Refuse Act Permit Application
E. Tennessee Discharge Permit Requirements
F. Enforcement Conference Summary
Page
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure No.
III-l
VI-1
Title
'Vicinity Map
Sources of Pollution
Page
"Follows
Page 5
Follows
Page 29
LIST OF TABLES
Table No.
IV-1
VI-1
VI-2
VI-3
VI-4
Title
Designated Water Uses
Municipal Waste Sources
Non-Municipal Sewage Treatment
Facilities
Industrial Waste Discharge Summary
Implementation Plan for Industrial
Sources
Page
13
30
33
36
51
ii
-------
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION
The Region IV office of EPA has requested that the Denver Field Inves-
tigation Center (DFIC) undertake an investigation of waste sources and
water quality conditions in the Memphis, Tennessee, metropolitan area.
Large volumes of untreated municipal and industrial wastes are discharged
to the Mississippi River and tributaries at this.location. Completion of
adequate treatment facilities is several years away. Violations of water
quality standards are occurring.
Field investigations and evaluations of existing information arc plan-
ned to determine if the need exists for appropriate enforcement actions
such as Refuse Act cases or a reconvening of the Lower Mississippi River
Enforcement Conference.
This report, summarizes., existing .information on waste sources, and .water
quality conditions in the Memphis, Tennessee, metropolitan area including
minor portions of Arkansas and Mississippi. Applicable water quality regu-
lations and previous enforcement activities arc also discussed.
-------
CHAPTER II. SUMMARY AMD CONCLUSIONS
1. Abatement of pollution caused by discharges of untreated and inade-
quately treated municipal and industrial wastes from sources located
in the Memphis metropolitan area has proceeded at a slow rate in the
past. At the present time, almost all municipal wastes and a major
portion of the industrial wastes receive no treatment.
2. A large-scale regional interceptor sewer system is under construction.
As interceptors are completed, most industries are connecting to the
system for disposal of industrial wastes. Essentially all domestic
and industrial sources of sanitary wastes in the area covered by the
Memphis system have already connected to the system.
3. Two large secondary treatment plants are planned to serve the Memphis
regional sewerage, .system.-. The .South. Plant, with a .desi'gn capacity-.of .
85 mgd, is under construction and is scheduled for completion in July,
1974. Construction of the North Plant, with a design capacity of 135
mgd, is scheduled to begin about January, 1973, with completion in
December, 1976. Until these plants are in operation, all wastes
discharged to the Memphis sewer system will be discharged to the
Mississippi River without treatment except for some pretreatment of
industrial wastes.
4. In 1970, an average of about 90 mgd of mixed municipal and industrial
wastes was discharged to the Mississippi River from six large Memphis
interceptor sewer outfalls. An additional 43 mgd of industrial wastes
was discharged to tributary streams in the Memphis area.
5. As a result of the above pollution, water quality conditions in the
-------
Wolf and Mississippi Rivers, Nonconnah Creek, and McKellar Lake are
in violation of Federal-State water quality standards.
6. A Federal-State Enforcement Conference was held in Hay, 1964, to con-
sider means of abating interstate pollution in the Lower Mississippi
River resulting from discharges of Endrin by Velsicol Chemical Corpor-
ation in Memphis. The recommendations of this conference have essen-
tially been complied with and the Endrin pollution problem abated with
the exception that a potential problem still exists.
7. A court suit has been filed against the American Finishing Company
(Whittaker Corporation Textile Service Center) by the U. S. Attorney
citing pollution of Nonconnah Creek by discharges of textile wastes
in violation of the Refuse Act of 1899.
8. As of September 15, 1971, a total of 31 applications .from industries
for discharge permits under the provisions of the Refuse Act of 1899
had been received' for review by the Atlanta, Gebrg'iaj EPA 'Regional
Office. Other permit applications were being processed by the U. S.
Army "Engineers District, Memphis. Not" all industries'required "to
obtain'discharge permits had submitted applications.
9. Due to the current industrial activity to connect to the Memphis
interceptor system, the present status of various industrial waste
sources is unknown. A detailed source inventory is needed to determine
which, if any, industries may be discharging to surface v/aters without
submitting applications for Refuse Act discharge permits.
10. A survey of waste constituents and water quality conditions in receiving
waters is needed for a number of industrial sources to form the basis
for establishing discharge permit requirements.
-------
11. A determination needs to be made if the discharges of industrial
wastes to the Mississippi River without treatment by way of the
Memphis municipal interceptor sewer system constitute violations
of the Refuse Act of 1899.
-------
CHAPTER III. DESCRIPTION OF AREA
The Memphis metropolitan area is located on the Mississippi River in
southwestern Tennessee. Almost all of this population and industrial .
center is located in Shelby County, Tennessee, with a minor suburban area
extending southward into Dcsoto County Mississippi. The West Memphis por-
tion of Crittenden County, Arkansas, across the Mississippi River is also
part of the metropolitan area. The Memphis vicinity is shown in Figure
III-l.
The City of Memphis has a present population of about 500,000. The
metropolitan area population totals about 700,000. Surburban and nearby
communities include West Memphis, Arkansas and Woodstock, Millington,
Ellendalc, Arlington and Collierville, Tennessee.
Memphis -is an industrial-center- supporting a/number-of-diversified ••
industries. Important products manufactured by area industries include
vegetable oils, agricultural chemicals, pesticides, industrial chemicals,
farm machinery, automobile tires, animal feeds and breakfast foods.
Memphis is one of the world's largest cotton markets and a major inland
port. It is also a major distribution point for hardwood lumber.
McFiphis is situated on one of the highest land areas adjacent to the
Mississippi Rivci: in the Lower Mississippi River Valley. Bluffs in the
city extend more than 200 feet in elevation above the river. In contrast,
the river valley north, south and west of the city is flat and low-lying.
This.valley .contains large areas of rich farmland which supports intensive
agricultural activity. Soybeans, cotton and other farm products from the
valley arc the basis for much of the commerce and industry present in the
Memphis area.
-------
Figure III-l. Vicinity Map
(to be inserted)
-------
As shown in Figure III-l, three tributaries of the Mississippi River,
the Loosahatchie and Wolf Rivers and Nonconnah Creek flov; through the metro-
politan area. In contrast to the hilly urbanized areas of the city, the
stream valleys are low-lying and subject to flooding by backwater from the
Mississippi River during high flow stages on the Mississippi. A levee
system has been constructed along the tributaries and the Mississippi River
to protect low areas subject to this flooding. An extensive interior storm
drainage system has been constructed with large pumping stations to lift
drain flow into the streams during flood stages. Many of the area industries
are located along the streams in areas protected by the levee system.
The Wolf River and Nonconnah Creek arc interstate streams with head-
watero in Mississippi. With a drainage area of about 770 square miles, the
Wolf .River is the largest tributary. Flow in the river is low e.nough,
however, that flow stagnation occurs in the lower reach of the river durinp,
high stages on the Mississippi River. Cypress Creek, Leath Bayou and
•Workhouse Bayou are snail tributaries draining urban and industrial areas.
The Loosahatchie River also has 'a drainage area of several hundred
square miles. Flov/ conditions in this stream are affected to a lesser
extent by Mississippi River backwaters. Big Creek, with a drainage area of
about 137 square miles, is the main tributary of the Loosahatchie.
Nonconnah Creek is a snail stream with low flow. In its lower reach,
much of the flov; consists of industrial wastes, sanitary sever overflows
and'urban runoff. Cane Creek is a small tributary draining an industrial
area.
Nonconnah Creek discharges to McKcllar Lake, a slack water arm of the
Mississippi River. The lake is located in an old channel of thn river rmd
-------
is connected to the river by Tennessee Chute. Backwater conditions produced
by high stages on the Mississippi Fviver frequently produce flow stagnation
in the lake. The Memphis Harbor area and several industrial parks are
located adjacent to the lake. A large channel has been dredged in the lake.,
Riverside Park provides access for water based recreation.
At Memphis, the Mississippi River is a very large stream with an average
flow of about 458,000 cubic feet per second (cfs). Flow extremes range from
79,200 cfs to more than one million cfs. The low flow of record occurred
prior to the construction of the various large upstream reservoirs which
now provide flow regulation. Such a low flew is not expected to occur again
in the future. High flows usually occur in the winter and spring months
with lowest flows in the late summer.
-------
8
IV. APPLICABLE WATER QUALITY REGULATIONS
The Mississippi River is an interstate and navigable stream. McKellar
Lake, the Wolf River, and Nonconnah Crep.k are interstate waters tributary
to the Mississippi River and, therefore, tributaries of a navigable stream.
Pollution of interstate streams is subject to abatement under provisions of
the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended (33 U.S.C. 466 et. seq.)
Water quality standards applicable to the Mississippi River and interstate
tributaries in the Memphis metropolitan area have been established by the
states of Arkansas, Mississippi nnd Tennessee and approved as Federal stan-
dards pursuant to the provisions of the Water Quality Act of 1965. The
Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 is applicable to discharges of industrial
wastes to navigable waters. All three States require waste sources to
. ob.tain .permits, to -discharge to. surface streams. T,hesq water quality, regula-
tions are discussed below.
A« ELtFJ?ACEJJML CONFERENCE REQUIREMENTS
Section 10(a) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as
amended (hereafter referred to as the Act), provides that "the
pollution of interstate or navigable waters in or adjacent to any
State or States ... which endangers the health or welfare of any
persons, shall be subject to abatement as provided in this Act".
One step in securing such abatement is the calling of a Federal-
State Enforcement Conference. Section 10(d) of the Act provides the
following basis for calling such a conference:
"the Secretary* shall also call such a conference whenever, on
* Prior to May, 1966, the Act was administered by the Secretary of Health,
Education and Welfare. The Secretary of the Interior then administered the
Act until December, 1970, when this function was transferred to the
Administrator of EPA.
-------
the basis of reports, surveys or studies, he has reason to believe
that any pollution referred to in subsection (a) and endangering
the health or welfare of persons in a State other than that in which
the discharge or discharges originate is occurring;....".
In the Fall and Winter of 1963-64, a major fish kill occurred in
the Lower Mississippi River. A prime factor contributing to this fish
kill was interstate pollution resulting from the discharge of pesticide
residues by a Memphis, Tennessee, industry. A Federal-State Enforcement
Conference was held in New Orleans, Louisiana, on May 5-6, 1965, under
the above provisions of the Act to consider this pollution. Conferees
were the Arkansas Water Pollution Control Commission, the Louisiana
Stream Control Commission, the Louisiana State Board of Health, the
Mississippi State Board of Health, the Tennessee Stream Pollution
Control Board and the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. The
Conferees'recommended, among other things; that (1) "known sources 'of
Endrin discharges from industry, land drainage, and mud deposits be
brought under control immediately",-and (2) "Other sources of Endrin'
pollution be identified and brought under control as soon as possible".
These recommendations were subsequently complied with. Details of this
enforcement proceeding and subsequent activities are discussed in
Chapter V.
The conferees agreed that tiic Conference could be reconvened at
the call of the Chairman if a technical committee composed of the
conferees or their designees so recommended.
Section 10(d)(l) also provides several ways in which an enforce-
ment conference could be called to consider pollution of interstate
-------
10
streams in the Memphis metropolitan area. If pollution originating
in one State endangers the health or welfare of persons in another
State or States, the Administrator may call a conference "whenever
requested by the Governor of any State or a State water pollution
control agency,' or (with the concurrence of the Governor and of the
State water pollution control agency for the State in which the
municipality is situated) the governing body of any municipality".
When pollution is confined to one State, the Administrator may call
a conference only at the request of the Governor of that State.
Other means of securing abatement of pollution under the pro-
visions of Section 10 of the Act when violations of water quality
standards occur are discussed in the following section.
B. .WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
Section 10 (c) of the Act, as amended by the Water Quality Act of
1965, provides that the States be given the opportunity to establish
by June 30, 1967, water quality standards applicable to all interstate
and coastal waters. These standards were to consist of water quality
criteria applicable to each interstate stream or portion thereof and
. a plan for implenentation and enforcement of the criteria. Arkansas,
Mississippi and Tennessee established such standards and submitted
them for Federal approval as required. Details of each State's stan-
dards are discussed below.
Water quality standards applicable to all interstate streams in
Arkansas including the Mississippi River were established by the
-------
11
Arkansas Pollution Control Commission in June, 1967, and were sub-
sequently fully approved as Federal standards on August 7, 1967.
Arkansas established one set of water quality criteria applicable
to all interstate waters . These criteria are summarized in
Appendix A. The Arkansas criteria were designed to protect all
waters for all beneficial water uses. No specific designations of
beneficial water uses by stream reach were made although existing
uses were summarized.
In general, the Arkansas water quality criteria applicable to
the Mississippi River are equal to or less restrictive than the
Tennessee or Mississippi criteria assigned to the same waters. An
important exception occurs in the reach between Loosahatchie Bar and
.the Tennessee-Mississippi state line. Tennessee established no
bacteriological criterion for this reach. The Arkansas criterion
'is thus limiting.
The Arkansas implementation plan specified pollution'abatement
needs for only one waste source in the Memphis metropolitan area. The
City of West Memphis, then providing no treatment for its municipal'
waste discharges to the. Mississippi River, was scheduled to complete
secondary treatment facilities to serve its sewered population of
25,000 by September, 1969. West Memphis completed primary treatment
facilities this year. The City is thus in violation of the implemen-
tation plan and the Arkansas Pollution Control Commission requirement
that all waste sources provide secondary treatment or its equivalent.
-------
12
Tennessee
Water quality standards applicable to interstate waters of
Tennessee were submitted by the Tennessee Stream Pollution Control
(19)
Board for Federal approval on June 28, 1967 . The standards were
not acceptable as submitted and revisions were subsequently made by
the State. The standards received Federal approval, with some excep-
tions, on February 28, 1968. The revised standards and exceptions to
approval are summarized in Appendix B. Negotiations with the State to
remove these exceptions are continuing.
In the Memphis area, water quality standards were established for
McKellar Lake, Nonconnah Creek and the Wolf River in addition to the
Mississippi River. Standards were not established for the only other
sizeable stream in the area, 'the Loosahatchie River, since it is an
intrastate stream. The State is currently conducting hearings to
••'establish'-standards -for this-.stream.-
Tennessee specified water uses to be protected in each stream
reach and established different-water quality criteria-for each use.
Where .more than one water use is specified, the most restrictive liir.it
on each water quality parameter applies. Designated water uses to be
protected and stream reach boundaries are summarized in Table IV-1.
The two reaches defined for each stream apparently differentiate
between the relatively unpolluted upstream areas and the downstream
readies affected by waate discharges i;i the Memphis metropolitan area.
For the Mississippi and Wolf Rivers and Nonconnah Creek in the
area affected by Memphis pollution, the fish and aquatic life criteria
are the most restrictive. In McKellar Lake, the recreational criteria
-------
TABLE IV-1
DESIGNATED WATER USES
13
Stream
Water Uses
Mississippi River
Mississippi River
Wolf River
Wolf River
Nonconnah Creek
•Nonconnah Creek.
McKcllar Lake
Mississippi River
Mississippi-Tennessee State
Line to upstream end of
Loosahatchie Bar
Upstream end of Loosahntchic
Bar to Kentucky-Tennessee
State Line
Mouth to L & N Railroad
Bridge
L & N Railroad Bridge to
Mississippi-Tennessee State
Line
Mouth to bridge on
Winchester Tlo'ad'
Winchester Road to Mead-
waters in Fayettc County
Mississippi Kiver
Arkansas
Missouri-Arkansas State
Line to Louisiana-Arkansas
State Line
Mississippi-Tennessee State
Line to Mississippi-Louisiana
State Line
Industrial, fish &
aquatic life, irri-
gation, livestock
watering & wildlife,
navigation
Domestic raw water
supply, industrial,
fish & aquatic life,
irrigation, recreation,
livestock watering &
wildlife, navigation
Fish & aquatic life
Domestic raw water
supply, industrial,
fish & aquatic life,
recreation, irrigation,
livestock watering &
wildlife
Fish 6 aquatic life,
' .livest'ock: watering'
& wildlife
•.Fish &. aquatic life,
recreation, livestock
watering & wildlife
Industrial, fish &
aquatic life, recrea-
tion, -navigation
Partial body contact
recreation, fish &
aquatic life, assimila-
tion of treated wastes,
navigation
Fish & wildlife
-------
14
add a bacteriological criterion to the more restrictive fish and wild-
life criteria. Criteria of interest are those for dissolved oxygen,
pH, temperature, taste or odor, toxic substances and microbiological
coliform.
The dissolved oxygen criterion specifies a minimum concentration
of 5.0 milligrams per liter (nig/1) except in limited stream sections
receiving treated effluents where a minimum of 3.0 mg/1 is allowed.
The interpretation of this criterion is controversial and open to
question. It is interesting to contemplate the possibility that
untreated waste discharges may be required to meet the 5.0 mg/1 limit.
Tennessee requires secondary treatment or the equivalent as the
minimum level of waste treatment for all discharges to interstate
waters. Secondary treatment is defined as 75 to 90 percent removal
of the 5-day biochemical oxygen demand and from 80 to 90 percent sus-
pended solids removal.
A number of industries and the City of Memphis were required to
provide new or improved treatment facilities by the Tennessee implemen-
tation plan. The date for completion of these facilities, most signi-
ficantly the City of Memphis treatment plants, has been the subject
of controversy between the EM and Tennessee. Some adjustments of
original compliance dates have been made. Some waste sources are in
violation of the Federally approved implementation plan. The status
of compliance for Tennessee waste sources is discussed in Chapter VI,
Sources of Pollution.
-------
15
Mississippi
Water quality standards for the Mississippi River and other inter-
state waters in Mississippi were submitted on June 22, 1967, for
Federal approval. The initial standards were not acceptable. Revisions
to the standards were subsequently adopted by the Air and Water Pollu-
tion Control Commission. The standards received Federal approval, with
a number of exceptions, on May 6, 1968. The detailed standards and
exceptions to approval are summarized in Appendix C. Negotiations are
continuing with Mississippi to resolve the exceptions.
The structure of the Mississippi standards is similar to the
Tennessee standards. Water uses were designated for each stream reach
and specific water quality criteria established for each water use.
As shown intTable.iy-l, Mississippi designated fish and wildlifc as
the only water use for the Mississippi River. The specific criteria
for 'fish and wildlife uses are comparable to the Tennessee criteria
with the exception of the 4.0 mg/1 minimum limit for dissolved oxygen
concentrations. This limit is not Federally approved.
Mississippi requires secondary treatment or its equivalent for
all discharges of municipal wastes, industrial wastes, or other wastes.
No waste sources in the Memphis vicinity were listed in the Mississippi
implementation plan.
Abatement of Standards Violations
Sections 10(c) and (g) of the Act provide means for abating pollu-
tion which is causing violations of the Federal-State water quality
standards discussed above. Section 10(c)(5) provides that a notice
shall be issued to violators of the standards at least 180 days before
-------
16
an abatement action is initiated in the courts. If reasonable action
is not taken by the violators within the 180-day period to secure
abatement of pollution, a direct court action can be requested under
provisions of Section 10(g). In cases where the discharge or dis-
charges causing the violations are located in a different State than
the location of the violations, the Administrator of EPA can request
the Attorney General to bring suit on behalf of the United States to
secure abatement of pollution. In cases where the discharges and •
violations are located in the same State, the written consent of the
Governor of that State is required before court action can be requested,
With regard to violations of Mississippi or Arkansas standards
for the Mississippi River by pollution from the waste sources in
Memphis, Tennessee, direct court action could be .requested by the
Administrator. For violations of standards for the Mississippi River
in Tennessee and for the'Uol'f'River ,'McKellar Lake and Nonconnah Creek
by pollution from Memphis sources, the consent of the Governor of
Tennessee 'would be required'prior to initiating court action.
C. WASTE DISCHARGE PERMIT. PROGRAMS
Refuse Act Permit Program (RAPP)
The Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 prohibits the discharge of
industrial wastes to navigable waters without a permit from the U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers. Section 13 of the Act, referred to as the
Refuse Act of 1899, makes it unlawful to discharge from any "...manu-
facturing establishment, or mill of any kind, any refuse matter of
any kind or description whatever other than that flowing from streets
and sewers and passing therefron in a liquid state, into any navigable
-------
17
water of the United States, or into any tributary of any navigable
water from which the same shall float or be washed into such navigable
water..." provided that a discharge may be permitted under certain
conditions specified by the Corps of Engineers.
Executive Order No. 11574, signed by President Nixon on December
23, 1970, tightened enforcement of the Refuse Act of 1899 by requir-
ing that all sources of industrial wastes discharging to navigable
waters on their tributaries must apply to the Corps of Engineers by
July 1, 1971, for permits to continue such discharges. To meet the
requirements of the Executive Order, the Corps of Engineers and the
EPA have cooperatively undertaken a major program to process permit
applications, develop permit requirements and issue permits. The
respective responsibilities of the Corps of.Engineers, and the EPA are
spelled out in a memorandum of agreement between the Administrator of
the EPA and the Secretary of the Army which was signed on January 12,
1971(3).
In general, the permit processing is conducted as follows.
Applications are submitted by industries to the District Office of the
Corps of Engineers. For the Memphis area, this office is the U.S.
Army Engineer District, Memphis, Tennessee. A copy of the application
is forwarded to the proper EPA regional office for review. Applications
from Mississippi and Tennessee are reviewed by the Region IV office,
Atlanta, Georgia. Arkansas applications are reviewed by the Region VI
office, Dallas, Texas. The applications are also reviewed by the
State pollution control agency for certification as discussed in the
following section.
-------
18
Following their review, the EPA regional office advises the
District Engineer on water quality aspects of the discharge and ap-
plicable water quality standards. EPA may also specify some permit
requirements including effluent requirements where appropriate.
The District Engineer issues the discharge permit when all re-
view actions have been completed. In cases where the discharge may
be of major public interest, a public hearing may be held prior to
issue of the permit.
Detailed application forms have been developed cooperatively by
the Corps of Engineers and the EPA. These forms are reproduced in
Appendix D. The form is divided into two parts, A and B. Part A
contains basic information on the type of industry, main processes and
products, water use and discharge locations. A qualitative summary
of waste constituents and a very limited amount of quantitative waste
data for c'ertain" critical industries "are also included. Part A was
required to be submitted by July 1," 1971.
'Part B of the application contains detailed quantitative' waste
constituent data. This form was required to be submitted by certain
critical industry types by October 1, 1971.
Not all known industrial waste discharges in the Memphis area met
the July 1 deadline for submission of Part A. As of September 15, the
number of applications being processed by the Atlanta EPA office had
reached 31. The number being processed by the Memphis District Engineer
was not known. Several delinquent applications were known to have been
submitted to the District Engineer as the result of a delinquent notice
mailed by the Corps of Engineers. The status of Part B submissions is
-------
19
not known at this time.
Processing of the permit applications will continue for up to one
year. Specific permit requirements may thus not be available for some
time.
State Certifications
Section 21(b) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as
amended by the Water Quality Improvement Act of 1970, provides that
"Any applicant for a Federal license or permit to conduct any activity
including, but not limited to, the construction or operation of facil-
ities , which may result in any discharge into the navigable waters of
the United States, shall provide the licensing or permitting agency a
certification from the State in which the discharge originates or will
originate, or, ^..appropriate,, from the interstate.water pp.llution
control agency having jurisdiction over the navigable waters at the
point where the discharge originates or will' originate, that there is
reasonable assurance, as determined by the State or interstate agency
that such activity will be conducted in a manner which will not violate
applicable water quality standards."
All industrial waste sources applying for discharge permits under
the provisions of the Refuse Act are required to obtain a State certi-
fication as discussed above. In addition, other activities such as
construction of structures in navigable waters, since such activity
requires a. Federal permit, must also obtain a State certification.
Discharges to navigable waters existing prior to April 3, 1970,
are allowed until April 3, 1973 to receive certification.
-------
20
Oil Pollution Regulations.
Federal rules regulating the discharge of oil to navigable waters
were established on September 11, 1970, pursuant to the provisions of
Section 11 (b) (3) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended
by the Water Quality Improvement Act of 1970. These rules prohibit
discharges of oil to navigable waters from any source which:
"(a) Violate applicable water quality standards, or
(b) Cause a film or sheen upon or discoloration of the surface
of the water or adjoining shorelines or causes sludge or
emulsion to be deposited beneath the surface of the water
or upon adjoining shorelines".
Waste discharges in the Memphis area must comply with these
regulations.
>tate I)isc.re Periaits,
All three States 'in the 'Memphis' area have some form of discharge
permit requirement. Both Arkansas and Mississippi water pollution
control laws contain provisions which require any source of industrial
or municipal waste 'to secure a permit from the State pollution control
agency to discharge such wastes into surface waters. Construction
plans and specifications for proposed treatment facilities arc reviewed
and the adequacy of treatment evaluated. A discharge permit is issued
to adequate treatment facilities.
The Tennessee stream pollution control law contains provisions
which authorize the Tennessee Stream Pollution Control Board to issue
discharge permits. The Board has established general regulations which
-------
21
specify the conditions under which a permit may be issued. These
regulations are presented in Appendix E. All discharges of sewage,
industrial wastes or other wastes are required to obtain a permit.
The discharge permits stipulate the conditions which must be main-
tained in the discharge effluents by means of limiting concentrations
on specific waste constituents and other restrictions. In effect,
the discharge permits set effluent requirements.
The Tennessee regulations also provide that a "Tolerance Permit"
may be issued in cases where pollution cannot be immediately abated
and the discharge is not immediately dangerous to health. Abatement
of pollution must be achieved within a reasonable time period.
Several of the industrial waste sources in the Memphis area have
received discharge .permits. .A number of sources are discharging under
tolerance permits with inadequate or no treatment. A common justi-
fication for such permits is that the waste source plans to connect
to the Memphis sewerage system when a planned interceptor sewer is
completed in the vicinity.
-------
22
CHAPTER V. HISTORY OF ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS
A. FEDERAL-STATE ENFORCEMENT CONFERENCE
During the winter of 1963-64, a massive fish kill occurred in the
Lower Mississippi River. Investigations of the kill revealed that the
pesticide Endrin was the causative agent. The Velsicpl Chemical
Corporation, in Memphis, Tennessee, one of two Endrin manufacturers
in the United States, was found to be a major source of Endrin pollu-
tion in the river. As a result of this interstate pollution a
Conference in the Matter of Pollution of the Interstate Waters of the
Lower Mississippi River (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee)
was held on Hay 5 and 6, 1964 in New Orleans, Louisiana. A summary of
the conference is presented in Appendix F.
"'.Following :the conference',several' -significant -.actions- were taken.
which, together, resulted in the elimination of further Endrin caused
fish kills in the lower Mississippi River. The Velsicol Chemical
Corporation instituted waste treatment and disposal practices which
substantially reduced the discharge of Endrin from this source. Other
sources of Endrin were identified and reductions effected. The general
use of Endrin on agricultural lands also declined.
In response to a request for technical assistance from the State
of Louisiana and recommendations of the conference, the Lower Mississippi
Technical Assistance Project was initiated with headquarters in Baton
Rouge, Louisiana. The Project was staffed by-predecessor agencies of
EPA. The Project conducted intensive studies of the occurrence and
sources of pesticides in the Lower Mississippi River and major tribu-
taries from Hickman, Kentucky, to the gulf of Mexico, a distance of
-------
23
about 900 miles. These studies were conducted from October, 1964, to
September, 1967. Monitoring of the Velsicol Chemical Corporation waste
discharges continued through December, 1968.
The results of the Project's studies were published in June,
1969 . Significant findings applicable to the Memphis area are as
follows:
1. Although the Velsicol Chemical Corporation has made significant
progress in reducing Endrin losses from its Memphis plant, the
potential still exists for releases that could result in concen-
trations toxic to aquatic life in the Lower Mississippi River.
2. Endrin contamination of the Memphis, Tennessee, area tributaries
including the Wolf, Hatchic and Loosahatchic Rivers and Nonconnah
Creek, is greater ..than, the contamination in other., .waterways, of the.
Lower Mississippi River Basin. Ac late as early 1967, Endrin con-
centrations in the Wolf River especially were dangerous to fish
populations and other aquatic life.
3. The Hardenan County, Tennessee, farm utilized by the Velsicol
Chemical Corporation'as a dump for solid waste materials is a
potential source of groundwater contamination.
With respect to Endrin pollution, the recommendations of the
conference have been complied with and no additional formal action has
been taken. The conference did raise the possibility that discharges
pf sewage and Indus trial-wastes reaching the Mississippi River may
have been causing pollution of an interstate nature which required
further study. The conference could be reconvened at the call of the
-------
24
Chairman, if the technical committee so recommended. No formal action
to reconvene the conference to consider other types of pollution has
been taken.
B. MERCURY POLLUTION INVESTIGATIONS
As the result of the discovery of mercury contaminated fish in
various waters across the country which were receiving industrial waste
discharges containing mercury, a nationwide survey of potential sources
of mercury pollution was undertaken during the second half of 1970.
Five such sources in the Memphis area were surveyed.
The Buckeye Cellulose Corporation plant at 28SO Jackson Avenue,
Memphis, was surveyed and two sets of effluent samples obtained. Grab
samples were taken on July 22, 1970 and a 24-hour composite sample was
taken on August 13, 1970, llercury jLn.tlie plant effluent was below
detectable limits, iso mercury is used in plant procnsses.
Buckman'Laboratories, manufacturers of industrial chemicals,
utilize some mercury'in their operations. Grab samples of the plant
effluent collected on July 21, 1970 and a 24-hour composite sample
ob'tained on August 11, 1970 indicated that the mercury discharge from
this facility was only about 0.01 pound per day.
The K. T. du?ont de Ncnours plant in Memphis was sampled on
July 21 and August 5, 1970. Mercury concentrations in the plant
effluent were less than detection li.rn.ts.
Chapman Chemical Company formulates sor.ie chemical compounds
utilizing mercury bearing compounds. Production is by batch process.
Sampling of the plant effluent on July 22 and August 14, 1970,
-------
25
indicated that the mercury discharge from this source is less than 0.01
pounds per day.
Velsicol Chemical Company effluent was sampled on July 22 and
August 7, 1970. Mercury levels in the effluent were below detection
limits. The company produces chlorine utilizing Hooker cells and does
not use mercury in any of its manufacturing processes.
As a result of the above surveys, it "as concluded that no signi-
ficant sources of mercury pollution existed in the Memphis area.
C. REFUSE ACT ACTIONS
On August 17, 1970, the United States Attorney for the Western
District of Tennessee requested the District Engineer, U. S. Army
Engineers District, Memphis, Tennessee, to undertake an investigation
of., pollution.- o.f- Nonconnah, Cr.eek and ..McKellar .Lake by American .Finishing.
Company . This request was prompted by numerous complaints to the
U. S. Attorney from private individuals.
On October 23, 1970, staff from the Memphis Corps of Engineers
Office visited the American Finishing Company plant site and obtained
visible evidence of pollution of Nonconnah Creek. Samples of the plant
effluent were obtained that some date by the Memphis and Shelby County
Health Department. Analysis of the samples indicated that the effluent
had a high temperature (106°F) and had high pH, excessively high COD,
(12)
high BOD and suspended solids . The chemical and physical charac-
teristics were grossly in.violation of.acceptable limits for .waste dis-
charges to Nonconnah Creek as established by the Tennessee Department
of Public Health.
-------
26
The U. S. District Court of the Western District of Tennessee,
Western Division, Memphis, issued an order on September 2, 1971 to
the Whittakcr Corporation Textile Service Center (formerly American
Finishing Company) citing four counts of pollution and requesting an
initial court hearing on September 24, 1971 (II. S. v. American Finish-
ing Company, CR-71-179, 33.USC § 407). The results of that hearing
arc not known at this time.
In response to a request from the Region IV Enforcement Office,
sampling of effluents from two industries in Memphis was conducted in
September, 1971, by DFIC staff. This sampling was to establish that
these industries were discharging wastes to tributaries of navigable
waters. Neither industry had filed an application for a Refuse Act
discharge permit.
On Scptcuber 8, 1971, waste effluents at the Chapman Chenical
Company, 216 lirooks Road, were' sampled by••DFIC and a'waste discharge
confirmed. No notice of delinquency in filing a permit'application
had been received from the Corps of Engineers. The Company subse-
quently filed a permit application with the Corps oi: Engineers on
September 15, 1971.
Between 1 larch am! Aujust, 1971, the Chapman Chenical Company
effluents were sampled on a nu-iibcr of occasions. On at least seven
different days, one or more parameters in the waste effluent were
found to be in violation of applicable effluent requirements.
On September 9, 1971, DFIC staff sampled waste effluents at the
Whit taker Corporation Textile Service Center and confirmed the exis-
tence of waste discharges to Nonconnah Creek. On August 4, 1971, the
-------
27
Corps of Engineers had notified the Corporation that they were delin-
quent in filing a permit application. The Corpration then notified
the Corps of Engineers of their intent to connect their waste discharge
to the Cane Creek Interceptor Sewer (completed in September, 1971).
The connection was to be completed by December, 1971. The Corporation
contended that since they were connecting to a municipal sewer, they
did not need to apply for a discharge permit. Arrangements were com-
pleted by the Corporation about September 9 for the connecting sewer-
construction and for the waste acceptance contract with Memphis.
-------
28
CHAPTER VI. SOURCES OF POLLUTION
The principal sources of pollution in the Memphis area are untreated
and Inadequately treated municipal and industrial waste discharges. Agri-
cultural runoff from adjacent rural areas and typical urban runoff also
contribute pollution.
Pollution control measures in the Memphis metropolitan area have lagged
significantly behind national progress in cities of similar size. The
large assimilative capacity of the Mississippi River reduced the apparent
need for major treatment facilities. Tributary streams were grossly polluted,
however, and initial pollution control measures have been directed toward
reducing or eliminating such pollution.
A distinct pattern of waste, sources and waste disposal practices can
-.be .fiisc.erned. ..Within the area ..served -by. .the.Memphis • sewer system, -'essentially
all sources of sanitary sewage have been connected to collection or inter-
ceptor sewers. Wastes so collected arc discharged to the Mississippi River
without treatment. A majority of the industries located within the sewp.rcd
area also discharge their industrial wastes to the city sewer system. Some
industries provide pretreatir.ent prior to such discharge. A number of indus-
tries located in close proximity to tributary strear.s discharge treated and/or
untreated industrial wastes directly to the tributaries.
Outside of the sewered area, most sources of sanitary sewage provide
secondary treatment. Industrial waste sources also generally provide some
treatment although it may .riot be adequate. .. Specific sources.of pollution
and treatment facilties are discussed below.
-------
29
A. MUNICIPAL WASTE SOURCES
Almost all of the municipal wastes in the Memphis area arc col-
lected by the city sewer system. This system is presently being sub-
stantially improved by the construction of a number of large interceptor
sewers. These interceptors primarily parallel existing sewers and are
designed to relieve overloads of the existing system, allow connection
of additional industrial waste sources and extension of the system to
presently unsewered areas. The improvements are based on a regional
sewerage plan completed in 1969
At present, about 90 million gallons per day (mgd) of untreated
municipal and industrial wastes are discharged from the Memphis sewer
system to the Mississippi River through six outfalls. These outfalls
are listed in Table VI-1 and shown in Figure VI-1. The population
served by each outfall is unknown; however, the sewered population is
estimated 'to total about'- 050',"000/
Two-major waste treatment facilities arc planned by the City of
-Memphis to provide secondary treatment for all municipal and industrial
wastes in the metropolitan area. The South Plant is under construction
near the outlet of the Noncounah Creel; Interceptor. This plant, which
has a design capacity of 85 mgd, will serve the Nonconnah Creek, Pack-
inghouse, and President's Island Interceptors, and the Horn Lake Creek
area presently served by an interim treatment facility. Completion is
scheduled for July, 1974.
The North Plant is scheduled to be placed under construction
about January, 1973, and to be completed by December 1976. The plant,
-------
Figure VI-1. Sources of Pollution
(to be ins erted)
-------
30
TABLE VI-1.
MUNICIPAL WASTE SOURCES
No.
Source
Population Flow Receiving
Served MGD Treatment Water
1. City of West Memphis
ARKANSAS
25,000
MISSISSIPPI
1.87 Primary
2. Horn Lake Creek
Sanitary District*
3. Horn Lake Creek
Sanitary District*
4. Horn Lake Creek
Sanitary District*
5. City of Arlington
None
None
None
TENNESSEE
370 0.37 Lagoons
6. City of Collierville 2,400 0.24 Lagoon
7. -Ellendale- 610'
Utility District No. 1
8. Kllendalc 500
Utility District No. 2
9. Ellendnle 500
Utility District No. 3
10. City of Memphis
Front Street Interceptor**
11. City of Muinpitis
Loosahacchie River
Interceptor**
12. City of Memphis
Nonconnah Creek
Interceptor*
Lagoon
Lagoon
Lagoon
22.50 None
2.40 N
17.10 None
Mississippi
River
Rocky Creek to
Horn Lake Creek
Horn Lake Creek
Horn Lake
Loosahatchie
River
Ditch to Wolf
River
Fletcher" Creek
Fletcher Creek
Fletcher Creek
Mississippi
River
Mississippi
•River
Mississippi
River
-------
TABLE VI-1. (cont'd)
MUNICIPAL WASTE SOURCES
31
No. Source
Population Flow
Served MOD
Receiving
Treatment Water
TENNESSEE (con'd)
13. City of Memphis
Packing House
Interceptor*
14. City of Memphis
President's Island
Interceptor*
15. City of Memphis
Wolf River
Interceptor**
16. City of Memphis 1,000
Horn Lake Creek Plant*
17." City of Millington ' 7,:>uu
18. Millington Naval Base
19.
20.
Shelby County Clover- 1,200
haven Utility District
No. 2
Shelby County
Lakeland Develop-
ment No. 3
1,000
3.10 None
0.54 None
44.40 None
Lagoon
Mississippi
River
Mississippi
River
Mississippi
River
Horn Lake Cutoff
1.33 Secondary Big'Creek
(trickling
•filters)
1.42 Secondary Big Creek
(trickling
filters.)
Lagoon Big Creek
Lagoon Loosahatchie River
* To be served by the Memphis South Plant
** To be served by the Memphis North Plant
-------
32
which has a design capacity of 135 mgd will serve the Front Street,
Wolf River and Loosahatchie Interceptors. The Loosahatchie Interceptor
may be extended after 1972 to serve the Woodstock, Millington and
Arlington areas presently served by local treatment facilities.
The implementation plan submitted with the initial Tennessee water
quality standards called for completion of primary treatment facilities
by the end of 1972 to serve all of the Memphis discharges. The pri-
mary treatment requirement was in conflict with the Tennessee Stream
Pollution Control Board requirement that all waste sources provide
secondary treatment. The Memphis implementation schedule was not
Federally approved. The validity of the scheduled July 1974 and
December 1976 completion dates as standards compliance dates is thus
j»dt.. clear.
There arc several other minor municipal waste sources in the
Memphis vicinity. These sources are listed in Table VI-1. The City
of West Memphis primary treatment facility is the only significant
municipal waste source not scheduled to be served by the Memphis
regional sewerage system. The Arkansas implementation plan called for
completion of secondary treatment facilities for West Memphis in 1969.
The primary plant was completed in 1971. This waste source is in
violation of the implementation plan.
A number of small, non-municipal sewage treatment facilities arc
scattered around the .Memphis vicinity. These, facilities, which arc
listed in Table VI-2, provide treatment for sanitary wastes from
schools, industries, subdivisions and other facilities located outside
-------
33
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9..
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
TABLE VI-2
NON-MUNICIPAL SEWAGE TREATMENT FACILITIES
Type
Facility Treatment
LOOSAHATCHIE RIVER DRAINAGE BASIH
Receiving
Stream
Barrett's Chapel School
Bolton School
Chromium Mining & Smelting
Corporation
Dupont Chemical Company
Grace Chemical Company
E. E. Jeter School
Lucy School
'Pleasant View Trailer Park
Shadowlawn School-
% • • "
Taylor Forge
.Tennessee Department of
Mental Health
Oxidation Lagoon
Oxidation Lagoon
Imhoff Tank
Loosahatchie River
Imhoff Tank Loosahatchie River
Imhoff Tank Loosahatchie River
Extended Aeration
Extended Aeration
Oxidation Lagoon
Oxidation,Lagoon
Oxidation Lagoon
Oxidation Lagoon
WOLF RIVER DRAINAGE BASIH
Adams Brothers Co., Eads
Baptist Children's Home
Holly Kills Country Club
Oxidation Lagoon
Oxidation Lagoon
Oxidation Lagoon
Houston Levee Country Club Oxidation Lagoon
L & N Industrial Park
Mount Pisgah School
Parsons Manufacturing &
Stamping Company
Oxidation Lagoon
Oxidation Lagoon
Extended Aeration
-------
34
TABLE VI-2 (cont'd)
NON-MUNICIPAL SEWAGE TREATMENT FACILITIES
Type Receiving
No. Facility Treatment Stream
WOLF RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN (cont'd)
19. Tranqualair Hospital Oxidation Lagoon
20. Walnut Grove Lake Oxidation Lagoon
Subdivision
21. Walnut Grove Subdivision Oxidation Lagoon
NONCONNAH £REEK DRAINAGE BASIN
22. Bella Vista Country Club Oxidation Lagoon
23. Pace Corporation Oxidation Lagoon
24,.. ...Ten.ness.ee ...Yard, Capleyille-. Trickling Filter
25. White's Chapel School Extended Aeration
26. Windyke Country Club Oxidation Lagoon
-------
35
sewered areas. With the exception of the three industries in the
Loosahatchic River drainage, all sources provide secondary treatment.
B. INDUSTRIAL WASTE SOURCES
There are a large number of industrial establishments in the
Memphis area, as would be expected for a city of this size. A 1969
(8 )
industrial directory listed over 600 individual industrial facilities
A majority of these industries would be expected to generate no signi-
ficant quantities of industrial wastes. It is probable that most such
industries and a number of industries with significant industrial
waste discharges are connected to the Memphis sewer system.
The exact number of industrial sources discharging to surface
streams other than through the Memphis sewer system is unknown. An
.inventory, of possible .industrial,- waste, .discharges.^prepared;by. the...
(21)
Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Field Station of liPA listed 185 industries
A 1970 Memphis and Shelby County Health Department report listed 70
known industrial waste discharges . Industrial waste source surveys
have been conducted during the past year at 45 industries with known
( ??)
discharges by the Memphis and Shelby County Health Department .
Refuse Act permit applications had been received from 31 industries
in the Memphis area as of September 15, 1971. From this information,
it can be concluded that there are probably in the range of 100 dis-
charges of industrial wastes directly to surface streams. Industri.il
.wastes also make up a substantial portion.of the wastes.discharged
by the Memphis sewer system.
From the above information, Table VI-3 was prepared to summarize
-------
TABLE VI-3
INDUSTRIAL WASTE DISCHARGE SUMMARY
Discharge to Sewerace System
Industry Nane
Ho. r.r.d Address .
Type
Indus try
(SIC)
Volume Type
(MGD) Waste Treatment
Sewerage
Svs tern
Surface Discharge
Receiving Volume
Stream (MOD)
Type
Was tc
Treatment
Remarks
LOOSAHATCHIE RIVER DRAINAGE
1. Cardox "'vision
Chemetxon Corporation
5800 Old Millinp,ton Rd.
2. Chromium Mining & Smelting
Co™.par.y
3323 Flee Road
3. E. I. duPont de Nemours
& Company
Highway 51 N.
' Woodstock, Tennessee
4. V. R. Grace & Company
Agricultural Chcnicals
Group
Woodstock, Tennessee
5. tlllok Chemicals, Inc.
5030 Old Xillinston Rd.
Manufacture
Carbon
Dioxide
(2813)
Fcrro Alloy
Smelter
(3313)
Manufacture
of General
Industrial
Organic &
Inorganic
Chemicals
(2818-2C19)
Production
of Ammonia
& Urea
(2871)
Manufacture
of Cyanurlc
Chloride
(231U)
Sanitary Primary
(W. R.
Grace)
0.01 Sanitary • Imhotf
Tan!(-
~
' Sanitary Irahoff
Tank
Sanitary Inhoff
Tank-
0.003 Sanitary Primary
and
Lagoon
W. R.
'Grace
Company
Cvned
Company
'Cvned
Company
'Owned
Company
Owned
Uitch to
Loosahatchie
River
Ditch to 0.47
Loosahatchie
River
Loosahatchle 10. 5
River
Drain Ditch 1.46
to
Loosahatchie
River
Loosahatchie 0.02
River
No Discharge 0.01
Storm
Drainage
Cooling
Water
Process
Wastes
Cooling
Water
Process
Wastes
•
Cooling
Water
Process
Wastes
Cooling
Water
Process
Wastes
„
—
Alkali-
Chlorine
Treatment
of cyanide
wastes
Lagoon
—
Alkaline
Chlorinatlon
and Holding
Pond
Adjacent to W.R. Grace
& Co. Plane
Sanitary wastes also
Discharged to
Loosahatchie River.
Sanitary wastes also
Discharged to
Loosahatchie River.
State effluent permit
requires additional
treatment in 1973 and
1974. Sanitary wastes
to River.
Effluent permit for
holding pond, but no
discharge scheduled
before 1974. Sanitary
wastes to river.
to
-------
TABLE VI-3 (cont'd)
INDUSTRIAL "WASTE -DISCHARGE SWMARY
Industry "ano
I'o. and Address
Type .
Industry
(SIC)
Discharge to Sewer.ice System
Volume Type Scwcrngc
(MCD) Waste • Treatment 'System
Receiving
Stream
Surface Discharge
Volume Type
(MOD) Waste
Treatment Remarks
LOgSjuiATCJUE RIVER DRAINAGE (Cont)
6. The Sanymetal Products
Corpany, Inc.
11C06 Memphis-Arlington Rd.
Arlington, Tennessee .
7. Adams Brothers Co., Inc.
Highway 64
Ecds , Tennessee
8. Allen Concrete Co.
1572 Chelsea
9. Atlas Chemical Industries,
Inc.
1235 Pope Street
Plating Zinc
Castings
Anodyzing
Aluminum
(3471)
Extrusion of
PVC Pipe
(3079)
Ready Mix
Concrete
Concrete
IJlocks
(3271-3273)
Production of
Food Emulsl-
fiers
(2096)
_-
WOLF '.RIVER DRAINAGE
-- Sanitary Lagoan Company
pwncd
0.001 Sanitary None- Chelsea
Avenue
"Sewer
(Memphis)
0.01 Sanitary — WarEorJ
Avenue'
Sower
(Memphis)
Ditch to
Loosnhatchic
River
BASIN
__
Allen Lake
Drain to
Workhouse
Bayou
0.02 Process
Wastes
0.29 Cooling
water
0.03 Truck
Wash
0.12 Process
Was tes
Alkaline
Chlorination
of cyanide
wastes.
Evaporation
of chromic
wastes.
Chemical
treatment,
neutraliza-
tion and
lagoon.
__
Settling In Private Lake on
Lake property receives
waste water.
Oil flotation High COD waste
to
-o
-------
TABtK VI-3 (eont'd)
INDUSTRIAL' WASTE DISCHARGE SUMMARY
Discharge to. Sewerage
So.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Industry Name
and Address
Borg-Warncr
E. L. Bruce •
1648 Thomas
Buckeye Cellulose Corp.
Hollywood Mill
2782 Chelsea Avenue
Buckeye Cellulose Corp.
C & S Division
2899 Jsckson Avenue
Buckraan Chemical Company
1256 H. McLean Blvd.
Commercial Chemical Corp.
1172 Thomas
Type
Industry Volume
(SIC) (MOD)
•__
Prefinished
Wooil Floor-
ing, Furniture
Parts
(2420-2511)
Cottonseed 0.23
and Soybean
Oil
(2091-2092)
Chemical Pulp 10.60
(2021)
Industrial 0.86
Chemicals
(2318-2819)
Arsenic Acid 0.58
Production
(2819)
Typo
Waste Treatment
•WOLF RIVER
t
Sanitary —
Sanitary —
' and Process
Wastes
Sanitary ' -^
and Process
Wastes
Sanitary ~
and Process
Was tes •
Sanitary -.-
and Boiler
Slowdown
System Surface
Sewerage Receiving Volume
.Svstein Stream (MOD)
•.
DRAINAGE BASIN (Cont)
, — Workhouse 0.002
Bayou
Memphis Leath 0.60
•Sewer Bayou
Memphis Fairfax 1.40
'Sewers Storm Drain
.
Wolf Cypress Creek 1.51
River
Interceptor
(Memphis)
•Wolf Cypress Creek 0.01
River
Interceptor
Memphis Leath 0.01
• Sewers Bayou
Discharge
Type
Was tc Treatment Remarks
Industrial — Discharge contains oil
Waste
Cooling ~
Watcr
Boiler
Slowdown
Cooling ~
Water
Cooling —
Water
Water treat-
ment Plant
V.'astewaters
Floor
Drainage
Boiler —
Slowdown
Memphis-Shelby Health
Department Report
indicates possible
pesticides discharge
to
00
-------
TABL£ vi-3 (cont'd)
INDUSTRIAL'.WASTE- DISCHARGE SUMMARY
Discharge to' Sewerage System
No.
IS.
17.'
18.
19.
20.
21.'
22.
Industry Name
and Address
Cordova Sand and Gravel Co.
8348 Ralcigh-LcGrangc Rd.
The Firestone Tire and
Rubber Company
Firestone Blvd.
m
Hu-nko Products, Operation
of Kraftco Corn.
1231 Pope Avenue
liunko Products, Division
of Kraftco
1702 Thonas Street
Kimberly-Clark Corp.
400 Mahannali Avenue
Lehnan-Rober ts
1093 Wilson
The Lchon Company
Division of Philip Carey
Corp.
Type
Industry Volume
(SIC) (MOD)
Washed Sand
and Gravel
(144)
Automobile 0.25
Tires
(3011)
Soap, vege-
table Oils,
Fatty Acids
( ~ )
Edible Oil 0.05
Production
(2096)
Sanitary 0.28
Paper Prod.
(2647)
Asphalt Mixes —
(2951)
Asphalt Roof-
ir.£ Dry Felt
(2952)
Type ."• ' Sewerase
Waste Treatment Systc-.
WOLF RIV ER DRAINAGE
None ~» . —
•
Sanitary ~ Memphis
Scuers
— ._ • __
Sanitary — * Memphis
•Sewer
Sanitary — r Memphis
•Sewer
Sanitary — Memphis
.Severs
-_ . — —
Receiving
Stream
BASIN (Cont)
. _
Leath
Bayou
Workhouse
Bayou
Leath
Bayou
Wolf River
Allen Lake
Leath
Bcyou
Surface Discharge
Volume Type
(MOD) Waste Treatment Remarks
— Gravel Sediment
wash- ponds
water
2.00 Cooling — Plan to connect process
Water . wastes to Wolf River
Process Interceptor
Waste
0.90 Process Primary To connect to Wolf
Wastes treatment River Interceptor in
Cooling under con- 1972
Water struction
4.14 Cooling* ~ To connect to Memphis
Water sewers September 1971.
Process
Wastes
7.30 Process Screening To connect to Wolf
Wastes River Interceptor in
Cooling 1972
Water
0.05 Scrubber
Overflow
0.30 Cooling —
Water
Wash Water
l .1
vo
-------
TABLE VI-3 (eont'd)
INDUSTRIAL WASTE'DISCHARGE SUMMARY
Dlscharcc to Sewerage
Industry Name'
No. and Address
23. Lindie
24. Memphis Stone and Gravel Co.
East Plant
South Sanga Road
25. John Morrel and Company
1400 Warford
26. National Cylinder Gas
1182 Tully
27. Pulvair Corp.
2885 Warford Place
28. The Quaker Oats Company
Chemical Plant
3324 Chelsea Avenue
29. Ralston-Purina
Type
Industry Volume
(SIC) (MGD)
m*mf • •
Washed Sand
and Gravel
(144)
Meat Packing —
Rendering
(2011)
Acetclvne Gas
(2813)
Pesticide —
Formulation
(2879)
Production of 0.90
Furfural,
Furfuryl
Alcohol
(2818)
—
Type
Waste Treatment
WOLF 'RIVER
^™ «••
__ —
Sanitary Blood
(Process Recovery
. 7)'
Sanitary
Sanitary —
(Process •?)
Sanitary —
Process
Was tcs •
— — -
System
Sewerage
Svstem
DRAINAGE
— _
—
fcenphis
' Sewers
' Memphis
Sewers
Memphis
.•Sewers
Wolf
River
Inter-
ceptor
—
Surface
Receiving Volume
Stream (KCD)
BASIN (Cont)
Cypress 0.001
Wolf River
Workhouse 0.10
Bayou '
Leath 0.003
Bayou •
__ __
Wolf River 2.10
Cypress Creek 2.00
Discharge
Type
Waste Treatment Remarks
•
Industrial — •
Was tcs
Gravel Settling
Wash- Basins
vatcr
Holding — To connect to Workhouse
Pen Spray Bayou Interceptor
(Process ?)
Cooling --
Water
Process
Was tes
(Lime Slurry)
— - .No known surface dis-
charge. One four-inch
sewer.
Cooling —
Water
'
Cooling —
Water
Boiler
Slowdown £"
-------
TABLE VI-3 (cont'd)
INDUSTRIAL- WASTE DISCHARGE SUMMARY
Discharge Co Sewerage SvsCcn Surface Discharge
No.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
Industry Naaie
and Address .
. Southern Boiler and
Tank Works
1199 Thonas Street
Standard Construction-
Company , Inc .
3260 Houston Leves Rd-.
Trunbull Asphalt Conpany
710 Corrinc Street
Taylor Forge Division.'
5577 Taylor Forge Drive
Velsicol Chemical Corp.
1199 War ford Street
Type
Indus try Volume
(SIC) (MOD)
Steel Tank
Fabrication
(3443)
Washed Sand —
and Gravel
(144)
Asphalt
Products
(2951)
Pipe Fittings —
(3493)
Chlorine 6 4.42
Sodium
Hydroxide
MfR.
(2812)
Chlorinated
Pesticides
(2815)
Type " Sewerage Receiving Volume Type
Waste Treatment System Stream (MOD) Waste Treatment Remarks
WOLF RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN (Cont)
Sanitary — : Memphis Storm Drain 0.001 Testing
Sewers Water
Sanitary Septic Private — — Gravel —
Tank. Wash water
— — ! — — 0.001 Cooling — •
Water
Boiler
Slowdown
(Process ?)
Sanitary 'Oxidation Private Storm Drain 0.02 Cooling — To connect to sanitary
Pond' Water sewer September, 1971.
Sanitary — • — Cypress Creek 0.001 — —
and Process
Wastes
-------
TABLB:'VI-3 (cont'd)
INDUSTRIAL-WASTE DiSCHARGE SUMMARY
No.
35.
36.
37.
33.
39.
40.
41.
Industry Kane
and Address
Air Products & Chemicals,
Inc.
Sodley & La Chan Streets
American Finishing Co.
('.%'!iit taker Corporation)
615 Eodlcy Avenue
•
Armour & Company
1337 Riverside Drive
V. M. Sarr Conpany, Inc.
2336 S. Lauderdall Street
Surks-Uallnan Company
712 Crur.p Blvd.
Cargill, Inc.
Processing 6 Refining Div.
Central Soya
Dischnrjic to Sewerage Systcn Surface
Type
Industry Volume Type Sewerage RcceivinR Volume
(SIC) (MCU) Waste Treatment System Stream O'CD)
'
NOKCOKKAII CREEK DRAINAGE BASIN
Acetylene 0.01 Sanitary — Memphis Storm Drain to 0.02
C.is Sewers Nonco'nnah Creek
' (2313)
Broad t.'oven — — — - — Drainage Ditch 3.00
Cotton to Nonconnah
Fabirc Fin- Creek
ishcrs
(2201)
Meat Packing — Sanitary Clari'ffer Menphis McKellar Lake 1.00
(2011) ft Process & Screen- Outfall
Was tcs ing
Paint Remover — — — — — 0.002
Wood Preserva-
tives
(2351)
Paints — — — — — 0.002
(2351)
Soybean Oil 0.06 Sanitary — ••• Memphis McKellar Lake 4.80
Products Sewers
(2092)
.
0.01
Discharge
Type
Waste Treatment Remarks
Line Settling
Slurry
Process
Wastes
Dye
Wastes
Cooling — Total flow 1.0 mgd
Water
WashwatoV — Wastes contain caustics
and solvents.
Washwater ~ Wastes contain dyes &
solvents
Cooling Oil traps Process wastes 0.08 mgd
Water
Process
Wastes
Cooling —
Water
Process
Wastes • *T
-------
TABLE VI-3 (cont'd)
INDUSTRIAL WASTE-DISCHARGE SUMMARY
No.
Industry Name .
and Address
Type
Indus try
(SIC)
Discharge to Sewerap.e
Volume Type
(XGD) Waste Treatment
Svsten Surface
Sewerage Receiving Volune
System Stream (MGD)
Discharge
Tyre
Waste Treatment Remarks
NONCONUAH CREIiK DRAINAGE BASIN (Cont)
42.
43.
44.
AS.
46.
47.
48.
Chapman Chemical Company
416 Srooks Road
Chicago Brldfie "& Iron Co.
2700 Channel Avenue
Construction Aggregates
Carrier Road & Nonconnah
Creek
Coyne Cylinder Company
155 W. Bodley
The Davis Company
Delta Chemical Corp.
3915 Air Park Street
Delta Refining Company
Kallory at Riverside
Industrial
Chemicals
(281-2879)
Pressure •
Vessels
(3443)
Washed Sand
4 Gravel
(144)
Acetylene
Gas
(2813)
—
Cleaning
Chemicals
(2841)
Petroleum
Refining
(2911)
0.006 Sanitary
(Process?)
— Sanitary -r-
& Wash water
__ __ __
— Sanitary —
_
Sanitary ~
& Indus-
trial
Was tes
0.29 Sanitary —
(Process?)
Meirphis Drain to 0.40
'Sewer Nonconnah
Creek
Kcniphis McKellar Lake
Sewer
Nonconnah —
Creek
Memphis Nonconnah —
. Sewer Creek
0.002
Memphis — —
- Sewer
Nonconnah Drain Ditch to 0.72
..Interccp- Nonconnah
tor . Creek
(Memphis)
Cooling —
Water
(Process?)
Cooling —
Water
Test Water
Gravel Settling in
Wash Dredge Pit
Water
Wash
Water
Cooling —
Water
Wash Reck
Drainage
Surface API Separator All process wastes nay
Runoff Air Flotation now be connected to
Process Nonconnah Interceptor
Wastes
-------
TA3LE VI-3 (cont'd)
IHDUSTRIAi WASTE.DISCHARGE SUMMARY
No.
Industry Name
and Address
Type
Industry
(SIC)
Discharge to Sewerage
Volume Type
(MGD) Waste Treatment
Sys tern
Sewerage
'Systen
Receiving
Stream
Surface
Volume
(MCD)
Discharge
Type
Was te Treatment Remarks
NONCdJCNAH CREEK DRAINAGE BASIN (Cont)
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
General Electric Company
y.eirrahis Lann Plane
1356 Riverside Blvd.
Could National Battery
2215 Person
Huntler Fan Company
Hunt-Wesson Foods, Inc.
Keaohis Refinery
1351 Williams Street
Illinois Central Railroad
Johnston Yards
135 E. llth Place
Kellosg Company
2168 Frisco Avenue
Kroeger Warehouse
Lehman-Roberts Co., Inc.
1098 Wilson Street
Light Bulbs
(3641)
Auto
Batteries
(3691)
—
Refine Vege-
table Oils
(2096)
Railroad
Yards
Breakfast
Food
(2043)
Grocery
Distributor
Asphalt Mixes
(2951)
0.01 Sanitary --
— Sanitary Neutrali-
& Process zation
Wastes
0.05 Sanitary -7
— Sanitary —
t
. — Sanitary --
Memphis
'. Sewer
Memphis
'"Sewer
~
Metnphls
Sewer
Memphis
• -.Sewer
—
Memphis
• 'Sewer
Storm Drain
Frisco Branch
to Can Creek
—
Drain to Cane
Creek
Drain to
Nonconnah
Creek
Frisco Branch
to Cane Creek
Frisco Branch
to Cane Creek
Drain to Cane
Creek
0.31
0.03
0.05
2.20
0.23
0.50
0.001
0.03
Cooling —
Water
Cooling ~
Water
Cooling
Water
Cooling ~
Watcr
Process
Was tes
Cooling —
Water
Wash
Water
Cooling ~
Water
Wash
Water ' •
Scrubber — •
Overflow x-
-------
TABLE VI-3 (cont'd)
INDUSTRIAL WASTE "DISCHARGE SUMMARY
Discharge to Sovcr.tRe System Surface
No.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
Industry Name
p.ncl Address
Lion Oil Coiinany
"cir.phis Tenrlnal
1023 Riverside Drive
!!arl Metal Company
"ei?phis Compress 6
St-orese Cononny •
2350 Florida Street
Memphis Lead Conpany
304 Industrial Avenue
Mcisphis Plywood Company
337 E. Mallory
National Distillers
Products Conpany
2459 Channel Avcnua
National Manufacturing Co.
P.O. 3os 6087
Norton Manufacturing .Co.
133 Industrial Avenue
Type
Industry Volume
(SIC) OICD)
Petroleun
Fuel Distri-
bution
—
Cotton
Doling
Lead Alloys --
(3341)
Plvwood ' 6.002
(2432)
Barrel —
Staves
(2429)
Advertising —
Display Racks
(2542)
Furniture
parts
(2/,26)
Type . Sewcrafje Receiving Volume
Waste Treatment •System Stream (MOD)
•NOXCONNAII CREEK DRAINAGE HAS IK (Cont)
Sanitary — Memphis
' .Sewer
0.001
Sanitary — Mermhis
.-Sewers
—
Sanitary '-- Monphis Latham Bayou 0.04
.Sewer
Sanitary -- Memphis McKcllar Lake —
^Sewer
— — — Cane Creek 0.001
. — — Latham Bayou 0.001
Discharge
Type
Waste Treatment
Tank
Drainage
Indus-
trial Waste
— —
—
Boiler
Slowdown
Condcnsor
Log Spray
Log Spray
Washwater —
~ --
Remarks
May have a treated
waste effluent
Contains detergents
Waste contains phenols
-------
TABLE VI-3 (cont'c!)
, INDUSTRIAL WASTES DISCHARGE SUMMARY
Discharge to Scwerace Sv'stcr.
No.
Industry Name
and Address
Tyre
Industry Volume
(sic) (MOD;
Type Sewerage
Waste Treatment .Svsten
•
Surface
Receiving Volume
Stream (MCD)
Discharge
Type
Waste Treatment
Remarks
SOXCONN'All CREEK DRAINAGE BASIN (Cont)
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
Pace Corp.
Division of AMEAC
5607 Hwy. 61 South
The Quaker Oats Company
Feed Mill
1526 Ragan Street
R. C. Can Company
1440 Ragan Street
Ralston-Purina Company
1725 Airways
Schevenell Ready Mix
Concrete Conpany
1280 Walker Aver.ue
Jos. Schlitz Brewing Co.
P. 0. Box 18309
Holiday City Station
S real ley Ha<;ncsiun
Division of Piper
Industries
Military
Pyrotechnics
(2899)
Animal & ~
Poultrv Feed
(2042)
Fibre Cans
(2655)
Anlr.al & —
Poultry Feed
(2042)
Ready Mix
Conrotc
(3273)
Brewery 1.90
(2082)
Battery 0.20
Cases
(3691)
Sanitary Ln^oono Private
& Plat- Chemical System
ing Treatment
wastes Sedimenta-
tion.'.
__ -1 __
.
__ — _ _•.
— ~ --
•
__ __• —
Sanitary — Ken?his
6 Process Sewers
Wastes
Sanitary ~ —
& Rinse
Water
Tributary to
Nonconnah Creek
Cane Creek 0.90
Cane Creek 0.03
Frisco Branch 0.001
to Cane Creek
Cane Creek 0.035
Johns Creek to 0.38
Nonconnah Creek
Konconnah 0.05
Creek
Lagoon —
System
Outflow
Cooling
Water
Boiler
Slowdown
Cooling —
Water
Hashwater —
Truck —
Washwater
Cooling —
Water
Chrome Chemical
Wastes Treatment
Boiler & Sedlnen-
Copper, Chromium and
cyanide contained in
plating wastes
Some oil discharged
New Plane. Operation
to begin 8/71
719 Pi^cr Street
Coilicrsviilc
-------
TABtE VI-3 (cont'd)
INDUSTRIAL WASTE.DISCHARGE SUMMARY
Discharge to Sew.erafic
No.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
Industry Nanc
end Address
Southern Cotton Oil Company
1351 Williams
Southern Laminating Comnany
1G01 Clancy Street
South Memphis Stock Yards
Conpany
Standard Brake Shoe &
Foundry Company
130 li. liodlcy Avenue
Swift & Conpany
Ice Crcan Plant
2022 Hidison
Tennessee Air National
Cuard
Democrat Road
Union Carbide Corp.
Llndc division
1259 McLean 31vcl.
Valley Products Co.
3GA H. lirooks
Type
Indus try Volume
(sic) O:CD)
Cottonseed 0.002
i Products
(2091)
Curved
Plvwood
(2432)
Livestock — •
Warehouse
Railroad
Ura'-.c
(3321)
Ice Cream --
(2024)
Aircraft
Maintenance
Acetylene --
Gas
Industrial
So.tp Products
(2341)
Type
Waste Trcatnent
NOIICO^MU
Sanitary «•
—
Sanitary —
•Pen Wash-
water?
— ^_
•
Sanitary --
& Process
Was tes
Sanitary
Sanitary -^r
Sanitary —
& Industrial
Was tcs
SYS ten Surface
•Sewernge Receiving Volume
Svsten Strca-a (""0)
CR'-KK DRAINAttC EASIN (Cont)
Memphis — —
••.Sewers
Cane Creek 0.001
Armour McKellar Lake --
.6 Co.
— • Latham Bayou 0.025
•
Memphis Frisco Branch 1.500
Sever
Memphis Hurricane
•Sewer Creek
.neirnhls — 0.006
,Sewer
Memphis Ditch to 0.08
'Sewers Nonconnah Creek
Discharge
Type
Waste Treatment Remarks
Storm ' —
Runoff
Only
Boiler — Some glue wastes
Slowdown
Process
Wastes?
Armour ™
Sewcr
discharge
Cooling
Water
Cooling — Discharge contains oils
Water . and solids
Aircraft Oil separator
Washwater
Lime Holding No Discharge
Slurry Pond
Condenser — Other Industrial waste
& Cooling discharges' observed
Water *•
-------
TABLE VI-3 (cont'd)
INDUSTRiAt WASTE.DISCHARGE SUMMARY
So.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
Industry Kane '
and Address
Uunble Oil & Refining Co.
1010 Riverside Drive
International Harvester
Co. - Memphis Works
3003 Harvester Lane
Illinois Central Railroad
National Distillers
Products Company
155 Wisconsin Avenue
Wabash , Inc .
1217 Florida Street
Type
Industry
(SIC)
Bulk Oil
Plant
Farm
Machinery
(3522)
Wood
Barrels
(2445)
Wood doors
(2431)
Discharge to Sewerage Svstcm
Volume Type Sewerage Receivinp.
(MGD) Waste Treatment 'Svste-n Stream
MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE AREA
Ditch to
Mississippi
River
— — Ditch to
Mississippi
River
— -— Incline Creek
— • Incline Creek
Surface Discharge
Volume Type
(MCD) Waste Treatment Remarks
— Surface Oil Separator
Runoff
1.234 Process Neutral!- About 8 pounds chromium
Wastes zation discharged daily.
Sanitary
Wastes
Cooling
Water
-- Cooling —
Water
Boiler «
Slowdown
Hash-
water
Cooling — -
Water
Process
Water
0.10 Cooling
Water
Process
Water
oo
-------
49
pertinent information on industrial waste discharges. A total of 85
known sources were identified. Of this total, 15 sources discharge
more than one mgcl. Waste discharges totalled about 43 mgd, of which
12 mgd were located in the Loosahatchie River drainage area, 23 mgd
in the Wolf River drainage area, 17 mgd in the Nonconnah Creek drainage
area and 1 mgd in the Mississippi River drainage area.
As shown in Figure VI-1, the industrial waste sources are primarily
located in five areas: north of Memphis near Woodstock in the Loosahatchie
River drainage, along lower Wolf River at the north edge of Memphis,
along lower Nonconnah Creek at the south edge of Memphis, along the
Mississippi River and around the harbor area of McKellar Lake.
Detailed data on water uses and waste characteristics were avail-
able for-, -only about ha.lf of-- the-was.te. -sources listed in-.Tn.ble-VT-3. .
Cooling water discharges probably account for a major portion of the
waste volumes shown. In many cases, these cooling water discharges
are contaminated by other wastes. Details of the most significant
waste sources are discussed below by drainage area.
Loosahatchie River_ Drainage
Significant waste discharges in this drainage include Chromium
Mining & Smelting Co., E. I. duPont dc Nemours & Co., W. R. Grace & Co.,
Kilok Chemicals, Inc., and the Sanymetals Products Co., Inc. The
duPont discharge is the largest industrial discharge in the Memphis
-area. All of the industries.listed above are potential sources of
toxic materials. None of the industries in this drainage are listed
in the Tennessee implementation plan. However, W. R. Grace & Co. is
scheduled to provide additional treatment facilities by 1974 as speci-
fied in its effluent permit.
-------
50
Wolf River Drainage
Significant: waste discharges in this drainage include Atlas
Chemical Industries, Buckeye Cellulose Corporation (two plants), Com-
mercial Chemical Corporation, The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company,
Humko Products (two plants), Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Pulvair
Corporation, The Quaker Oats Company, and Velsicol Chemical Corporation.
These waste discharges are sources of pesticides, toxic materials or
organic and oxygen demanding substances.
A total of nine industries in the Wolf River drainage are included
in the Tennessee implementation plan as shown in Table VI-4. With the
exception of Kimberly-Clark Corporation, the original compliance date
for each source has been passed. Only one source is known to be in
compliance. In the 1971 State Program,Grant application.to EPA,
Tennessee indicated that four sources would be in compliance in 1971
and another source in 1972 . The-present status of compliance for
these sources is unknown. In several cases, the reported treatment
needs would appear to be inadequate for control of the wastes dis-
charged.
Nonconnah Creek Drainage.
The largest number of waste sources (45) are located in this
drainage area. Of this total, eight sources are considered to be of
significance with respect to actual or potential water quality impact.
These sources are American Finishing Company (Whittaker Corporation
Textile Service Center), Cargill Inc., Chapman Chemical Company,
Delta Refining Company, Hunt-Wesson Foods, Inc., Pace Corporation,
Smalley Magnesium, and Valley Products Company.
-------
TABLE V.I-4
IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR INDUSTRIAL SOURCES
No.
Industry Name
and Address
Treatment Original
Needs Compliance Date
Present
Completion Date
WOLF RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
The Firestone Tire & Rubber' Aerated Lagoon
Company
Firestone Blvd.
Lloyd A. Fry Roofing Company
704 Corrine Avenue
Humko Products
(Chemical Plant)
1231 Pope Street
lluir.ko Products
(Edible Oils Plant)
17C2 Thon.is Street
Kir.-berly-Clark Corp.
400 Mahannah Street
The Lehon Company
Division of Philip Carey
Box 7254 K. Station
John Morrel & Company
1400 Warford Street
Aerated Lagoon
October, 1970
June, 1970
January, 1971
Aerated Lagoon January, 1971
Aerated Lagoon
Aerated Lagoon
January, 1972
June, 1970
National Cylinder Gas Co. Sedimentation &
Division of C'uenetron Corp. Chemical Treat-
1220 S. 3rd Street went
June, 1970
1971
1971
1971
1971
1972
-------
TABLE VI-4 (cont'd)
IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR- INDUSTRIAL SOURCES
No.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Industry Name
and Address
Treatment
Needs
Original
Compliance Date
Present
Completion Date
Parsons Manufacturing &
Stamping Company
Box 465
Cordova, Tennessee
WOLF RIVER PJAIKACE BASIN (Cont)
Chemical Treat- November, 1969
ment .& Settling
NONCONNAH' CREEK- DRAINAGE AREA
American Finishing Company
(Whittaker Corn.)
61 .r. E. Bod ley
Coyne Cylinder Company
Box 9217
Delta Refining Company
543 W. Mallory
Hunt-Wesson Foods, Inc.
1351 Williams Street
Memphis Lead Company
304 Industrial Avenue
Memphis Plywood Company
337 E. Mallory
Secondary
Sedimentation
Sedimentation
& Chemical^Treat-
ment
Secondary
January, 1971
June, 1970
January, 1972
September, 1971
June, 1970
June, 1970
In compliance
December, 1971
to
-------
TABLE :.VI-4 (cont'd)
IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR INDUSTRIAL SOURCES
Industry Name Treatment Original Present
No. and Address Needs Compliance Date Completion Date
•MISSISSIPPI RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN
16. International Harvester Co. Chemical Treat- August, 1971 ?
P.O. Box 268 ment & Sedimen-
tation
en
-------
54
The Tennessee implementation plan (Table VI-4) lists six indus-
tries in this drainage area. With the exception of Delta Refining
Company, the compliance, dates have already passed. American Finishing
Company is presently scheduled to connect to the Memphis interceptor
sewer system by December, 1971. Such action would be 11 months behind
schedule and would avoid the requirement for secondary treatment. The
status of compliance for other sources is unknown.
Mississippi River Drainage
Only five industries are known to discharge directly to the
Mississippi River. International Harvester Company is the only signi-
ficant waste source. The Tennessee implementation plan calls for
addition of chemical treatraert and sedimentation at this source by
.August, 1971. .The plant plans_ to. connect to Memphis sewers when avail-
able in several years. Present treatment is inadequate and probably
in* non-compliance with the implementation plan.
-------
55
CHAPTER VII. WATER QUALITY PROBLEMS
Water quality conditions in the various streams in the Memphis area
reflect the effects of the large waste loads discharged by this urban area.
The Loosahatchie and Wolf Rivers and Nonconnah Creek are relatively unpol-
luted in their upper reaches but are severely degraded as they flow through
Memphis. The Mississippi River is also degraded as it flows past the city.
Uue to the large flow of the river, this degradation is much less severe
than in the tributaries.
Available water quality data for the Memphis area are limited. A long-
term pollution surveillencc station has been operated by the EPA and its
predecessor agencies on the Mississippi River at West Memphis, Arkansas,
since 1958. Some water quality sampling was done in the area by the Federal
Water Pollution Control-administration as.-part, of .the -study ,.of- -endrin_,ppl- ,-
lution in the Lower Mississippi River. Most of this data is pesticide con-
centrations. The Memphis-Shelby County Health Department has limited stream
quality data. Data collected by the Tennessee Stream Pollution Control
board were not evaluated.
Due to the lack of data, specific definitions of water quality condi-
tions cannot be made at this time. Reports by the Memphis-Shelby County
Health Department and the Tennessee Stream Pollution Control Board
provide general information on water quality conditions and violations of
water quality standards which may be occurring. Water quality problems
specific to each stream arc.discussed below.
-------
56
A. LOOSAHATCHIE RIVER
The Loosahatchie River is the least polluted of the major streams
in the Memphis area. Upstream from Woodstock, the stream is of good
quality. Between Woodstock and the Mississippi River, water quality
conditions are affected by discharges of treated municipal wastes and
some industrial waste discharges. The lower reach of the river is af-
fected by backwater conditions from the Mississippi River, especially
during hiph flow stages.
The-present status of water quality conditons in the Loosahatchie
River is not defined. Tennessee is currently in the process of estab-
lishing standards for this, intrastate stream.
In June, 1965, the Lower Mississippi River Technical Assistance
Project investigated a fish kill, near _thc mouth of the Lposahatchie
River . Low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations (0.5 mg/1) were
observed. The cause of the DO depression was not defined.
B. WOLF RIVER
The Wolf River is the largest tributary stream in the Memphis
area. The major portion of the stream, located upstream from Memphis,
is relatively unpolluted. Within the metropolitan area, severe water
quality degradation occurs. Most of this degradation is due to inade-
quately treated industrial waste discharges. Most of the untreated
municipal wastes formerly discharged to the river have been diverted
to the Mississippi River by the Memphis interceptor ecwer system. The
lower reaches of the river are affected by backwater conditions from
the Mississippi River.
-------
57
Two large fish kills occurred in the lower river in May and October
of 1965 . Total lack of dissolved oxygen was observed in both cases.
In 1970, the Tennessee Stream Pollution Control Board reported
that water quality in the lower six miles of the Wolf River was in non-
compliance with water quality criteria for dissolved oxygen, solids,
( 9)
floating material, deposits, color and toxic substances. In
addition, bacteriological concentrations were in noncompliance in the
lower 12 miles of the river. Factors contributing to the standards
violations were municipal and industrial waste discharges from the
Memphis area. Major waste contributors included the City of Memphis,
liumko Company (2 plants), Kimberly-Clark and the Firestone Tire and
Rubber Company.
--C.'•••;• : -NONCONNAIi CREEU-
Nonconnah Creek is a small stream which carries little natural
flow during dry periods. The stream is severely degraded within the
urban area and is the most polluted stream in the Memphis vicinity.
Municipal and industrial wastes are the primary sources of pollution.
American Finishing Company is the largest waste source discharging
to the stream.
Although not recently reported by the Tennessee Stream Pollution
Control Board, it is probable that water quality conditions in Nonconnah
Creek are in violation of applicable water quality standards. The de-
graded outflov-from the creek also contributes to violations of stan-
dards which occur in McKellar Lake downstream, as discussed below.
-------
58
D. MCKELLAR LAKE
McKellar Lake is a backwater lake located in an old channel sec-
tion of the Mississippi River. The lake is connected to the river by
an outlet known as Tennessee Chute. Nonconnah Creek enters the lake
near its upper end. Water quality conditions are adversely affected
by high river stages as resulting backwater conditions produce stagna-
tion of stream flow through the lake for extended periods.
Industrial wastes from the Memphis harbor area and several indus-
trial parks arc discharged directly to the lake. Also, Nonconnah Creek
carries a heavy pollution load into the lake.
In 1971, the Tennessee Stream Pollution Control Board reported
that water quality conditions in McKellar Lake were in noncompliance
(1Q)
,with dissolved oxygen .and .bacteriological criteria
A large fish kill occurred in the lake in February 196G . Dis-
solved oxygen and pH were observed to be normal. No explanation for
the fish kill was given. With the exception of pesticides, no evalua-
tion of the possible presence of toxic materials was made.
E- *1LSS.LSS-IPJPI RIVER
At Memphis, the Mississippi River is a very large stream. Conse-
quently, the assimilative capacity of the river is enormous and large
waste loads have only minor effects on most water quality parameters.
The Mississippi River receives the untreated municipal wastes
from A sewered population of more than 600,000 persons, several
industrial waste discharges and the residual pollution loads from the
streams discussed above. The Tennessee Stream Pollution Control Board
-------
59
reports that water quality does not meet the bacteriological criterion
between river miles 713.4 and 733.0 as a result of the above pollution.
Apparently other parameters are in compliance with applicable criteria.
The pollution surveillance station at West Memphis, Arkansas, is
located upstream from about half of the waste discharges in the Memphis
area. The station is also located on the opposite side of the river
from Memphis pollution sources. Consequently, the data from this sta-
tion do not reflect the full impact of Memphis pollution on water quality
in the Mississippi River.
Examination of the data from the surveillcnce station, with the
exception of bacteriological concentrations, did not reve.il any signi-
ficant long-term trends in water quality. Average total coliform con-
centrations increased substantially. b.etyeea 1958 and..the present.
-------
60
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Allen & Hoshall & Clark Dietz & Associates Engineers, Inc., Consulting
Engineers; Engineering Report: Waste Water Treatment Facilities,
Vol. II, Engineering Studies; Memphis, Tennessee, March 1969.
2. Allen & Hoshall & Clark Dietz & Associates Engineers, Inc., Consulting
Engineers; Engineering Report: Industrial Waste Data; Memphis,
Tennessee, March 1969.
3. Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers; Permits for Discharges or
Deposits into Navigable Waters or_ Tributaries thereof; Part II and
Part III; 1971 Preliminary Edition.
4. Environmental Protection Agency, STORET Municipal Waste Treatment
Facilities Inventory; 1971.
5. Environmental Protection Agency, STORET Industrial Waste Treatment Needs
and Implementation Plan; -1971.
6. Everett, Duane E.; Hydrologic and Quality Characteristics of the Lower
Mississippi River; Technical Report No. 5; U. S. Department of the
Interior, Geological Survey, in cooperation with State of Louisiana
Department of Public Works; Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 1971.
7. Memphis and Shelby County Health Department; Pollution of Surface Waters
in Memphis and Shelby County; Memphis, Tennessee; December, 1970.
8. Executive Office -- State of Tennessee, Staff Division for Industrial
Development; Directory of_ Tennessee Industries 1969; Nashville,
Tennessee, July 1969.
9. Tennessee Stream Pollution Control Board; 1970 State Program Plan Ap-
plication to Environmental Protection Agency.
10. Tennessee Stream Pollution Control Board; 1971 State Program Plan Ap-
plication to Environmental Protection Agency.
11. Tennessee Stream Pollution Control Board; Tennessee Water Quality
Standards Implementation Plan; 1967.
12. U. S. Army Engineer District, Memphis, Tennessee; Pollution Incident
Report, American Finishing Company, Memphis; November 1970.
13. • U. S. Attorney, Western District of Tennessee; letter to District
Engineer, Corps of Engineers, Memphis, Tennessee, requesting investi-
ga t ion of_ pollution caused by American Finishing Company, Memphis,
Tennessee; Memphis, Tennessee; August 17, 1970.
-------
61
BIBLIOGRAPHY (cont'd)
14. U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare; Proceedings, Con-
ference In the matter of Pollution of_ Interstate Waters of the Lower
Mississippi River, May 5-6, 1964, New Orleans, Louisiana; Volumes I-IV;
Washington, D. C.
15. U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health
Service; Report on Pollution of the Lower Mississippi River -- Arkansas,
Tennessee, Mississippi, Louisiana; May 5, 1964.
16. U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare; Summary of Con-
ference, Pollution of Interstate Waters of the Lower Mississippi
River and its Tributaries (Arkansas-Louisiana-Mississippi-Tennessee)
May 5-6. 1964.
17. U. S. Department of the Interior, Federal Water Pollution Control
Administration, South Central Region; Endrin Pollution jjQ. the Lower
Mississippi River Basin; Dallas, Texas; June 1969.
18. U. S. Department of the Interior, Water Quality Standards Office,
Federal Water Pollution Control Administration, Southeast Region;
Summary and Status of Water Quality Standards for Interstate Waters
of. Mississippi; Atlanta,..Georgia.
19. U. S. Department of the Interior, Water Quality Standards Office,
Federal -Water -Pollution Control. Administration,. .S.outheast .Region; ..
Summary and Status of_ Water Quality Standards for Interstate' Waters
of Tennessee; Atlanta, Georgia.
20.. U. S.. Department of the Interior, Federal Water Pollution Control
Administration, and Arkansas Pollution Control Commission; Summary
of Water Quality Standards for the Interstate Waters of_ Arkansas;
October 1969.
21. Environmental Protection Agency; Baton Rouge Field Station; List of
Potential Sources of Industrial Waste Discharges, Memphis Tennessee
Area; 1970.
22. Memphis and Shelby County Health Department; Industrial Waste Source
Data Sheets, 1971.
-------
APPENDIX A
ARKANSAS WATER QUALITY CRITERIA
APPLICABLE TO THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER
-------
SPECIFIC CRITERIA
1. Temperature - The maximum temperature shall not be ele-
vated above 95° F. The temperature of a stream as de-
termined by natural conditions shall not be increased
or decreased more than 5° F. by discharges thereto.
2. Color - True color shall not be increased to the extent
Chat it will interfere with present usage and projected
future use of the stream.
3. Turbidity - There shall be no distinctly visible increase
in turbidity due to waste discharges to the stream.
4. Taste and Odor - Taste and odor producing substances shall
be limited to concentrations in the stream that will not
interfere with the production of potable water by reason-
able water treatment processes, or impart unpalatable
flavor to food -fish, or result in offensive odors arising
from the stream, or otherwise interfere with the reason-
able use of the water.
5. Solids, Floating Material, and Deposits - The stream shall
have no distinctly visible solids, scum or foam of a per-
sistent nature, nor shall there be any formation of slimes,
bottom deposits or sludge banks, attributable to waste
discharges.
6. Oil and Grease - The stream shall be essentially free of
the relatively nonvolatile liquid components that contribute
to the formation of oil films, deposits and emulsions.
7. pH - The pH of water in the stream must not fluctuate in
excess of 1.0 pH unit, within the range of 6.0 - 9'.0 over
a period of 24 hours. The pH shall not be below 6.0 or
above 9.0 due to wastes discharged to the receiving stream.
8. Dissolved Oxygen (D.O.) - The dissolved oxygen in the
stream shall not be less than 4 ppm, and this shall be
the critical deficit point of the dissolved oxygen pro-
file. The only exception will be when periodic lower
values are of natural origin and therefore beyond con-
trol of the water user... On the larger rivers the dis-
solved oxygen shall be determined by the average of con-
centrations in samples collected at quarter points across
the river, and at two-tenths and eight-tenths of the depth
at each point.
-------
9. Radioactivity - The Rules and Regulations for the Control
of Sources of Ionizing Radiation, of the Division of Radio-
logical Health, Arkansas State Board of Health, shall apply
as to the limits established for radiation levels in un-
controlled areas.
10. Bacteria - The Arkansas State Board of Health has the re-
sponsibility of approving or disapproving surface waters
for swimming and drinking water supply, and it has issued
rules and regulations pertaining to such uses. These re-
gulations state that the coliform group shall not exceed
1,000/100 milliliters as a monthly average value (either
most probable number or membrane filter count) for waters
substantially used for body contact sports; nor exceed
this number in more than twenty percent of the samples
examined during any one month; nor exceed 2,400/100 mil-
liliters on any day except during periods of storm water
runoff; provided, however, that no fecal contamination is
known to be present. In other waters, the coliform bac-
teria group shall not exceed 5,000/100 milliliters as a
monthly average value (either Most Probable Number or mem-
brane filter count); nor exceed this number in more than
twenty percent of the samples examined during any month;
nor exceed 20,000/100 milliliters in more than 5% of such
samples. Arithmetic averages will be used.
11. Toxic'Substances - Toxic materials, organic or inorganic,
shall not be present in such quantities as to cause the
waters to be toxic to human, animal, plant or aquatic life
or to interfere with the normal propagation of aquatic
life. For aquatic life and using bioassay techniques, the
level of toxic materials in the stream shall not exceed
" ohe-'centh' (0.1) 'of the forty-eight (48) hour Median Toler-
ance Limit.
•
12. Mineral Quality - Waste discharges shall not affect exist-
ing mineral quality so as to interfere with other beneficial
uses....
-------
APPENDIX B
Summary of
TENNESSEE WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
-------
STATE OF TENNESSEE WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
A Status Report and Summary
Tennessee Water Quality Standards were submitted on June 28,
1967. Certain revisions were later adopted by the Tennessee Stream
Pollution Control Board, and approval with exceptions was made on
February 28, 1968, by the Secretary of the Interior. The excep-
tions to approval and action taken is as follows:
Requirements
Inclusion of a clause relating
to the non-degradation of high
quality waters.
Review of bacteriological
criteria for Public Water •
Supply and Recreational Uses
Classifications.
r,
Upgrading temperature criteria
for Fish and Wildlife
Classifications and other
higher uses.
Action Taken
Statement prepared by state
agency and submitted on
"Tennessee Formal Policy to
Protect Existing High Quality
Water and to Correct Present
Pollution." Statement is
currently under regional and
Headquarters review.
Joint study in progress. Data
•collection expected to terminate
July 1, 1969.
Regional study by FWPCA in
cooperation with the states for
review of historical, temperature
data and effects of healed
effluents on receiving waters
has been initiated. Study
expected to terminate about
January 1, 1970.
Other action by the Tennessee Stream Pollution Control Board
requires secondary treatment or the equivalent as the minimum
level of waste treatment for all discharges to interstate waters,
with higher treatment levels where necessary to protect water uses.
Secondary treatment and efficiency expected has been defined by
-------
the Tennessee Stream Pollution Control Board as 75 to 90 percent
removal of the 5-day BOD, and from 80 to 90 percent suspended
solids removal.
Temperature criteria were also amended to restrict temperature
increases to 10°F total increase, as measured against an upstream
control point. The changes have been incorporated in the water
quality criteria which follow.
-------
GENERAL WATER QUALITi* CRITERIA FOR THE DEFINITION AND CONTROL OF
POLLUTION IN THE WATERS OF TENNESSEE
7 Adopted on May 26, 1967
Tennessee Stream Pollution Control Board
Tennessee Code Annotated, Sections 70-301 through 70-319, makes
it the duty of the Stream Pollution Control Board to study and in-
vestigate all problems concerned with the pollution of the waters
of the State and with its prevention, abatement, and control and to
establish such standards of quality for any waters of the State in
relation to their reasonable and necessary use. as the Board shall
deem to be in the public interest and establish general policies
relating to existing or proposed future pollution as the Board shall
deem necessary to accomplish the. purpose of the Control Code. The
following general considerations and criteria are officially adopted
by the Board as a guide in determining the permissible conditions of
waters with respect to pollution and the preventive or corrective
measures required to control pollution in various waters or in
different sections of the same waters.
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
1. .Waters have many uses which in the public interest, are
reasonable and necessary. Such uses include: sources of
water supply for domestic and industrial purposes; propa-
gation and maintenance of fish and other desirable aquatic
life; recreational boating and fishing; the final disposal
of .municipal sevage and industrial waste following adequate
treatment; stock vatering and irrigation; navigation;
genera 1: ion of power; and the enjcynuint: of -scenic and
esthatic qualities of the waters.
2. The rigid application of uniform war.er quality is no't
desirable or reasonable because of the. varying uses of
such waters. The assimilative capacity of a stream for
sevrage and waste. varies depending upon various factors
including the following: volume of flow, depth of channel,
the presence of falls or rapids, rate of flow, temperature,
natural characteristics, and the nature of the stream.
Also the-, relative importarce assigned to each use will
differ for different waters and sections of waters through-
out ths? s
To permit reasonable and necessary uses of the waters of
the State, existing pollution should be corrected as
rapidly as practical and future pollution controlled by
treatment plants or other measures. There is an economical
balance between the cost of sewage, and waste treatment and
thr. benefits received and within permissible limit:s the
-------
dilution factor and the assimilative capacity of surface
water should be utilized. Waste recovery, control of
rates and dispersion of waste into the streams, and control
of rates and characteristics of flow of waters in the
stream where adequate, will be considered to be a means of
correction.
Sewage, industrial wastes, or other wastes, as defined in
the Stream Pollution Control Code, shall not be discharged
into or adjacent to streams or other surface waters in
such quantity and of such character or under such conditions
of discharge in relation to the receiving waters as will
result in visual or olfactory nuisances, undue interference
to other reasonable and necessary uses of the water, or
appreciable damage to the natural processes of self-
purification. In relation to the various qualities and
the specific uses of the receiving waters, no sewage,
industrial wastes, or other wastes discharged shall be
responsible for conditions that fail to meet the criteria
of water quality outlined below. Bypassing or accidental
spills will not be tolerated.
The criteria of water quality outlined below are considered
as guides in applying the water quality objectives in order
to insure reasonable and necessary uses of the. waters of-.
the State'. .In prder to protect the public health and
maintain the water suitable for other reasonable and
necessary uses; to provide for future development; to
.allow proper sharing of available water resources; and to
meet the needs of particular situations additional criteria
will be set.
CRITERIA OF WATER CONDITIONS
1. Domestic Raw Water Supply
(a) Dissolved Oxygen - There shall always be sufficient
dissolved oxygen present to pr&vent odors of decomp
sition and other offensive conditions.
(b) pH - The pK value shall lie within the. range of 6.0 to
. 9.0 and shall not fluctuate more than 1.0 unit in this
range over a period of 24 hours.
(c) Hardness or Mineral Compounds - There shall be r.o
substances added to the waters that will increase the
hardness or mineral content of the waters to such an
extent to appreciably impair tha usefulness of the
water as a source of domestic water supply.
-------
(d) Total Dissolved Solids - The total dissolved solids
shall at no time exceed 500 mg/1.
(e) Solids, Floating Materials and Deposits - There shall
be no distinctly visible solids, scum, foam, oily sleek,
or the formation of slimes, bottom deposits or sludge
banks of such size or character as may impair the
usefulness of the water as a source of domestic water
supply.
(f) Turbidity or Color - There shall be no turbidity or
color added in amounts or characteristics that can not
be reduced to acceptable concentrations by conventional
water treatment processes.
(g) Temperature - The temperature of the water shall not
exceed 93°F and the maximum rate of change shall not
exceed 3°F per hour. In no case shall the maximum temperature
rise be more than 10°F above the stream temperature which shall
be measured at an upstream control .point.
(h) Microbiological Coliform - Coliform group shall not
exceed 10,000 per 100 ml. as a monthly average value
(either MPN or MF count); nor exceed this number in
more than 20 per cent of the samples examined during
any month; nor exceed 20,000 per 100 ml. in more than f
five per cent of such samples. These values may be
.exceeded-provided'the organisms are known to be of
nonfecal origin'. No disease producing bacteria or
other objectionable organisms shall be added to surface
waters which will result in the contamination of said
waters to such an extent as to render the water unsuit-
able as sources of domestic water supply after
conventional water treatment.
(i) Taste or Odor - There shall be no substances added
which v/ill result in taste or odor that prevent .the
production of potable water by conventional water
treatment processes.
(j) Toxic Substances - There shall be no toxic substances
added to the waters that will produce toxic conditions
that materially affect man or animals or impair the
-safety of a conventionally treated water supply.
(k) Other Pollutants - Other pollutants shall not be added
to the water in quantities that may be detrimental to
public health or impair the usefulness of the water as
a source of domestic water supply.
-------
2. Industrial Water Supply
(a) Dissolved Oxygen- - There shall always be sufficient
dissolved oxygen present to prevent odors of decompo-
sition and other offensive conditions.
• (b) pH - The pH value shall lie within the range of 6.0 to
9.0 and shall not fluctuate more than 1.0 unit in this
range pver a period of 24 hours.
(c) Hardness or Mineral Compounds - There shall be no
substances added to the waters that will increase the
hardness or mineral content of the waters to such an
extent as to appreciably impair the usefulness of the
water as a source of industrial water supply.
(d) Total Dissolved Solids - The total dissolved solids
shall at no time exceed 500 mg/1.
(e) Solids, Floating Materials and Deposits - There shall
be no distinctly visible solids, scum, foam, oily sleek,
or the formation of slimes, bottom deposits or sludge
banks of such size or character as may impair the
usefulness of the water as a source of industrial water
supply.
(f) Turbidity or Color - There shall be no turbidity or
. color added in amounts or characteristics that can not
be reduced to acceptable concentrations by conventional
water treatment processes.
, . <[g) Temperature - The temperature of the water shall not
exceed 93°F and the maximum rate of change shall not
exceed 3°F per hour. In no case shall the maximum temperature
rise be more than 10°F above the stream temperature which
shall be measured at an upstream control point.
(h) Taste or Odor - There shall be no substances added
that will result in taste or odor that would prevent
the use of the water for industrial processing.
(i) To:!ic Substances - There shall be no substances added
to the waters that may produce toxic conditions that
will adversely affect the water for industrial process-
ing.
(j) Other Pollutants - Other pollutants shall not be added
to the waters in quantities that may adversely affect
the water for industrial processing.
-------
7
3. Fish and Aquatic Life
(a) Dissolved Oxygen - The dissolved oxygen shall be
maintained at 5.0 mg/1 except in limited sections of
the stream receiving treated effluev.*.- . In these
'limited sections, a minimum of 3.0 nu;/l dissolved
oxygen shall be allowed. The dissolved oxygen content
shall be measured at mid-depth in waters having a total
depth of ten (10) feet or less and at a depth of five
(5) feet in waters having a total depth of greater than
ten (10) feet. A minimum dissolved oxygen content of
6.0 mg/1 shall be maintained in recognized trout
streams.
(b) pH - The pH value shall lie within the range of 6.5
to 6.5 and shall not fluctuate more than 1.0 unit in
this range over a period of 24 hours.
(c) Solids, Floating Materials and Deposits - There shall
be no distinctly visible solids, scum, foam, oily
sleek, or the formation of slimes, bottom deposits or
sludge banks of such size or character that may be
detrimental to fish and aquatic life.
(d) Turbidity or Color - There shall be no turbidity or .
'. color, added in such amounts or of such "character that
will materially affect fish and aquatic life.
(e) Temperature - The temperature of the water shall not
exceed 93°F and the maximum rate.of change shall not
. exceed 3°F per hour. The maximum temperature of
recognized trout streams shall not exceed 68°F. In no case shall
the' maximum temperature rise be more than 10°F above the stream
temperature which shall be measured at an upstream control point.
(f) Taste or Odor - There shall be no substances added
that will impart: unpalatable flavor to fish or result
in noticeable offensive odors in the vicinity of the
water or otherwise interfere with fish or aquatic life.
(g) Toxic Substances - There shall be no substances added
to the waters that will produce toxic conditions that
affect fish or aquatic life.
(h) Other Pollutants - Other pollutants shall not be added
to the waters that will be detrimental to fish or
. aquatic life.
4. Recreation
(a) Dissolved Oxygen - There shall always be sufficient
dissolved oxygen present to prevent odors of decompo-
sition and" other offensive conditions.
-------
8
(b) pH - The pH value shall lie within the range of 6.0 to 9.0
and shall .not fluctuate more than 1.0 unit in this range
over a period of 24 hours.
(c) Solids, Floating Materials, and Deposits - There shall be
no distinctly visible solids, scum, foam, oily sleek, or
the formation of slimes, bottom deposits or sludge banks
of such size or character that may be detrimental to
recreation.
(d) Turbidity or Color - There shall be no turbidity or color
added in such amounts or character that will result in an
objectionable appearance to the water.
(e) Temperature - The temperature of the water shall not exceed
93°F and the maximum rate of change shall not exceed 3°F
per hour. In no case shall the maximum temperature rise
be more than 10°F above the stream temperature which shall
be measured at an upstream control point.
(f) Microbiological Coliform - The fecal coliform group shall
not exceed 5,000 per 100 ml. as a monthly average value
nor exceed this number in more than 20 per cent of the
samples examined during any month; nor exceed 20,000 per
100 ml. in more than five per cent of such samples. In
those waters that are physically suitable and available to
the public for water-contact recreation the fecal coliform
concentration shall not exceed 1,000 per 100 ml. in any
two consecutive samples collected during the months of
May through September. Water areas near outfalls of domes-
tic sewage treatment plants are not considered suitable
for water-contact recreation.
(g) Taste or Odor - There shall be no substances added that
will result in objectionable taste or odor.
(h) Toxic Substances - There shall be no substances added to
the water that will produce toxic conditions that affect
man or animal.
Ci) Other Pollutants - Other pollutants shall not be added to
the water in quantities which may have a detrimental effect
on recreation.
5. Irrigation
(a) Dissolved Oxygen - There shall always be sufficient dis-
solved oxygen present to prevent odors of decomposition
and other offensive conditions.
(b) pll - The pll value shall lie within the range of 6.0 to 9.0
and shall not fluctuate more than 1.0 unit in this range
over a period of 24 hours.
-------
(c) Hardness or Mineral Compounds - There shall be no
substances added to the water that will increase the
mineral content to such an extent as to impair its use
for irrigation.
(d) Solids, Floating Materials and Deposits - There shall
be no distinctly visible solids, scum, foam, oily
sleek, or the formation of slimes, bottom deposits or
sludge banks of such size or character as may impair
the usefulness of the water for irrigation purposes.
(e) Temperature -'The temperature of the water shall not
be raised or lowered to such an extent as to interfere
• with its use for irrigation purposes.
(f) Toxic Substances - There shall be no substances added
to water that will produce toxic conditions that will
affect the water for irrigation.
(g) Other Pollutants - Other pollutants shall not be added
to the water in quantities which may be detrimental to
the waters used for irrigation.
6. Livestock Watering and Wildlife
•(a) Dissolved Oxygen - There shall always be sufficient
dissolved oxygen present to prevent odors of decompo-
sition and other offensive conditions.
(b) pH - The pll value shall lie within the range of 6.0 to
9.0 and shall not fluctuate more than 1.0 unit in this
range over a period of 24 hours..
(c) Hardness or Mineral Compounds - There shall be no
substances added to water that will increase the'
mineral content to such an extent as to impair its
use for livestock watering and wildlife.
(d) Solids, Floating Materials and Deposits - There shall
be no distinctly visible solids, scum, foam, oily
sleek, or the formation of slimes, bottom deposits' or
sludge banks of such size or character as to interfere
with livestock watering and wildlife.
.(e) Temperature - The temperature of the water shall not
be raised or lowered to such an extent as to interfere
with its use for livestock watering and wildlife.
(f) To'xic Substances - There shall be no substances added
to water that will produce, toxic conditions that will
effect th'e water for livestock watering and wildlife.
-------
10
(g) Other Pollutants - Other pollutants shall not be added
to the water in quantities which may be detrimental to
the water for livestock watering and wildlife.
7. ' Navigation'
(a) Dissolved Oxygen - There shall always be sufficient
dissolved oxygen present to prevent odors of decompo-
' sition and other offensive conditions.
(b) Hardness or Mineral Compounds - There shall be no
substances added to the water that will increase the
mineral content to such an extent: as to impair its use
for navigation.
(c) Solids, Floating Materials and Deposits - There shall
be no distinctly visible solids, scum, foam, oily
sleek, or the formation of slimes, bottom deposits or
sludge banks of such size or character as to interfere
with navigation.
(d) Temperature - The temperature of the water shall not
be raised or lowered to such an extent as to interfere
with its use for navigation purposes.
.(e) .Toxic Substances - There shall be no'substances added
to water that will produce toxic conditions that will
affect the water for navigation.
(f) Other Pollutants - Other pollutants shall not be added
to the water in quantities which may be detrimental to
the waters used for navigation.
These criteria should not be construed as permitting the
degradation of higher quality water when such can be prevented by
reasonable pollution control measures. The above conditions are
recognized as applying to waters affected by the discharge of sewage
and/or industrial waste or other waste and not resulting from
natural causes.
DEFINITIONS
1. Conventional Water Treatment - Conventional water treatment
as referred to in the criteria denotes coagulation, sedi-
mentation, filtration and chlorination.
2. Mixing Zone - Mixing zone refers to that section of flowing
stream or impounded waters necessary for effluents to become
dispersed.
The mixing zone necessary in each particular case shall be
defined by the Tennessee Stream Pollution Control Board.
-------
APPENDIX C
Summary of
MISSISSIPPI WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
-------
STATE OF MISSISSIPPI WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
A Status Report and Summary
Water quality ^standards were submitted by the State of
Mississippi on Jurie.?22, 1967.' A revision to the water quality
criteria and stream classifications were later adopted by the Air
and Water Pollution Control Commission, and approval with certain
exceptions was given to Mississippi standards on Nay 6, 1968, by
'the Secretary of the Interior. The remaining exceptions to
approval and action taken are as follows:
. Requirements
Inclusion of a clause relative .
:to non-degradation of existing
high quality waters.
Upgrading criteria for
dissolved oxygen for Fish and
Aquatic Life 'and other higher
uses, and upgrading dissolved
oxygen for open ocean waters.
Upgrading criteria for
temperature for Shellfish
Harvesting and Fish and Wildlife
Classifications and other higher
uses.
Review of bacteriological
criteria for Public Water
Supply and Recreational Uses
Classifications.
Review of mineral criteria
(dissolved solids and specific
conductance) for Public Water
Supply.and other applicable
uses.
Completed and updated
implementation plan with time
schedules and treatment
requirements for all industries
and municipalities discharging
'into interstate waters.
Ac tio n_T_a_ken
Acceptable clause prepared by
the state but not officially
adopted.
Under negotiation.
Regional study by FWPCA"in
cooperation with the states for
review of historical tempera-
ture data and effects of heated
effluents on receiving waters
has been initiated. Study
expected to terminate'about
January 1, 1970.
•
Joint study in progress. Data
collection expected to terminate
July 1, 1969.
Joint study in process with
FWPCA and Lower Mississippi
River Stales to review mineral
criteria for regionwide compat-
ibility.
Under preparation by state
agency.
-------
In previous actions by the State Air and Water Pollution
Control Commission, secondary or equivalent levels of waste
• treatment will be required for all discharges- to interstate
waters. The Commission also reviewed and changed certain stream
.classifications to.higher use levels. Water quality criteria for
the entire bacteriological parameter has been changed from total
to fecal coliforms, and maximum temperature levels for all water
use classifications have been lowered to a 93°F maximum. These
changes are incorporated in the classifications and water quality
criteria which follow. '
-------
WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR INTERSTATE AND COASTAL WATERS
STATE OF MISSISSIPPI
SECTION I. GENERAL CONDITIONS;
1.' It is the intent of the Mississippi Air & Water Pollution
Control Commission that the pollution of waters of the State
shall be prevented, eliminated or reduced to acceptable levels
£p protect the public health or welfare and enhance the quality
of waters to insure their value for public water supplies,
propagation of fish and wildlife, recreational purposes,
agricultural, industrial and other legitimate uses.
2. The limiting values of water quality herein described shall be
measured by the Commission in waters under consideration as
determined by good sanitary engineering practice and after
consultation with affected parties. Samples shall be taken
from points so distributed over the area and depth of the
waters being, studied as to permit a realistic appraisal of
such actual or potential damage to water use or aquatic life
as may exist. Samples shall be analyzed in accordance with
latest edition of "Standard Methods for the Examination of
Water & Wastewater"-or other methods acceptable to the
Commission.
3.' Exceptions.
In cognizance of the fact that certain waters of the State may
not fall within desired or prescribed limitations as outlined,
the Commission may authprize exceptions to these limits upon
presentation of good and sufficient evidence of intent to com-
ply to the extent practical or technically feasible. In no case
shall it be permissible to deposit or introduce materials1 in
vaters of the State which will cause impairment of the reason-
able, or legitimate use to said waters.
4. In view of the fact that industry is continuing to produce new
materials whose characteristics and effects are unknown at this
time, such materials- shall be evaluated on their merits as infor-
mation becomes available to the Commission.
5. All criteria conraine.d herein shall apply at all stages of
streamflow which exceed the 7-day, 10-year minimum flow in
•unregulated, natural streams. This requirement shall not be
interpreted to permit any unusual waste discharges during
periods of lower flow.
-------
SECTION II. MINIMUM CONDITIONS APPLICABLE TO ALL WATERS.
1. Free from substances attributable to municipal, industrial,
agricultural or other discharges that will settle to form
putrescent or otherwise objectionable sludge deposits.
2. Free from floating debris, oil, scum and other floating materials
attributable to municipal, industrial, agricultural or other dis-
charges in amounts sufficient to be unsightly or deleterious.
3. Free from materials attributable to municipal, industrial,
agricultural or other discharges producing color, odor, or
other conditions in such degree as to create a nuisance.
4. Free from substances attributable to municipal, industrial,
agricultural or other discharges in concentrations or combina-
tions which are toxic or harmful to humans, animal or aquatic
life. •
5. Municipal wastes, industrial wastes, or other wastes shall
receive effective treatment or control (secondary or equivalent)
in accordance with the latest practical technological advances
and shall be approved by the Commission. " A degree of treatment
greater than secondary will be required when necessary to
protect legitimate water uses.
SECTION'III. SPECIFIC WATER QUALITY CRITERIA.
'!.' PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY:
Water in this classification is for use as a source of raw
water supply for drinking and food processing purposes. The
water treatment process shall be approved by the Mississippi
State Board of Health. The raw water supply will meet the
Public Health Service Drinking Water Standards (latest edition).
a. Dissolved Oxygen; There shall be no oxygen demanding sub-
6tanc.es added which will depress the D. 0. content below
4.0 mg/1. • .
b. jgll: The pl-I shall not be caused to vary more than 1.0 unit
above, or brlow normal pll of the waters and lower value shr>l I
. be not less than 6.0 and upper value not more than 8.5
c. Temperature: Shall not be increased more than ten degrees F
(10°F), after reasonable mixing, above the natural prevail-
" ing background temperatures, nor exceed a maximum of 93°F.
• i
d. Bac-tcria: Fecal coliform not to exceed 5,000 per 100 ml.
as a monthly average, value (either MPN or MF count); nor
to exceed this number in more than twenty percent (20%) of
the samples examined during any month; nor to exceed 20,000
per 100 ml. in more than five percent (5%) of such samples.
-------
e. Chlorides (Cl~); There shall be no substances added which
will cause the chloride content to exceed 250 mg/1 in fresh
water streams.
f. Specific Conductance: There shall be no substances added
to increase the conductivity above 500 micromhos/cm for
• fresh water streams.
g. Dissolved Solids; There shall be no substances added to
the waters to cause the dissolved solids to exceed 500 mg/1.
h. Threshold Odor; There shall be no substances added which
will cause the threshold odor number to exceed 24 (at 60°C)
as a daily average.
i. Phenolic Compounds; There' shall be no substances added
which will cause the phenolic content to be greater than
0.001'mg/1 (phenol).
j. Radioactive Substances; There shall be no radioactive
.substances added to the waters which will cause the gross
beta activity (in the known absence of Strontium-90 and
alpha emitters) to exceed 1000 micromic'rocuries at any
time.
k. Chemical Constituents: Not to exceed the following
concentrations at any time:
Constituent Concentration (mg/1)
Arsenic 0.05
Barium • 1.0
Cadmium 0.01
Chromium (hexavalent) 0.05
Cyanide 0.2
Fluoride 0.7 - 1.2
Lead 0.05
Selenium 0.01
Silver 0.05
2. SHELLFISH HARVESTING'AREAS:
Waters classified for this use are for propagation and harvest-
ing shellfish for sale or use as a food product. These waters
will meet the requirements set forth in the latest edition of
the National Shellfish Sanitation Program, Manual of Operations,
Part I, Sanitation o£ Shellfish Growing Areasi as published by
the-U. S. Public Health Service.
-------
c. Temperature; Shall not be increased more than ten degrees F
(10°F), after reasonable mixing, above the natural prevailing
background temperatures, nor exceed a maximum of 93° F.
"• .
d. Bacteria: Fecal coliform group riot to'exceed 1000 per-100-ml. as
a monthly average value .(either MPN or MF count); nor exceed
this number in more than twenty percent (20%) of the samples
examined d.uring any month; nor exceed 2,400 per 100 ml. (MPN
or MF count) on any day.
e. Specific. Conductance; There shall be no substances added
to increase the conductivity above 1000 micromhos/cm for
fresh water streams.
£. Dissolved solids; There shall be no substances added to the
waters to cause the dissolved solids to exceed 750 mg/1 as a
monthly average value, nor exceed 1500 mg/1 at any time.
g. Toxic Substances, Color, Taste and Odor Producing Substances:
There shall be no substances added, whether alone or in com-
bination'with other substances that will render the waters
unsafe or unsuitable for water contact activities, or impair
the use of waters requiring lesser quality.
4. FISH AND WILDLIFE;
Waters in this classification arc intended for fishing, propa-
gation of fish, aquatic life and wildlife and any other uses
requiring water of lesser quality.
a. Dissolved Oxygen; There shall be no oxygen demanding sub"
stances added which will depress the D.O. content' below
4.0 mg/1.
•
b. pH; The pH shall not be caused to vary more than 1.0 unit
above or below normal pH of the waters and lower value shall
be not less than 6.0 and upper value not more than 8.5.
c. Temperature: Shall not be increased more than ten degrees
• F (10°F), after reasonable mixing, above the natural prevail"
ing background temperatures, nor exceed a maximum of 93° F.
^« Specific Conductance; There shall be no substances added
to increase the conductivity above 1000 micromhos/cm for
fresh water streams.
c. Dissolved Solids: There shall be no substances added to the
• 'Waters to cause the. dissolved solids to exceed 750 mg/1 as a
monthly average value, nor exceed 1500 mg/1 at any time.
-------
f. Toxic Substances: There shall be no substances added to
the waters to exceed one-tenth (l/10th) of the 48-hour
median tolerance limit.
^
. g. Taste and Odo'f; There shall be no substance added, whether
alone or in combination with other substances that will
impair the palatability of fish or unreasonably affect the
aesthetic value of the water.
h. Phenolic Compounds: There shall be no substances added
which will cause the phenolic content to exceed 0.05 mg/1
•(phenol) .
5. AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL WATER SUPPLIES;
Waters in this classification will be suitable for agricultural
• irrigation and livestock watering, industrial cooling and pro-
cess water supplies, fish survival and other uses, except fish
and wildlife propagation, water contact sports and source of
potable water supply.
. • ' '
a. Dissolved Oxygen; There shall be no oxygen demanding sub-
stances added which will depress the dissolved oxygen
content below 3.0 mg/1.
b. jpH; The pH shall not be caused to vary more than 1.0 unit
above or below normal pH of the waters and lower value
shall be not less than 6.0 and upper value not more than
8.5.
c. Temperature; Shall not be increased more than ten degrees
'• ' F (10°F), after reasonable'mixing, above the natural pre-
vailing background temperatures, nor exceed a maximum of
93° F. .
d. Specific Conductance; There shall be no substances added
to increase the conductivity above 1000 micromhos/cm for
fresh water streams.
.c. Dissolved Solids;' There shall be no substances added to
the waters to cause- the dissolved solids to exceed 750 mg/1
as a monthly average value, nor exceed 1500 mg/1 at any
time.
6. NAVIGATION & UTILITY USE:
Waters in this classification will be suitable for navigation,
survival of fish and any other use.except source of potable
water'supply, fish and wildlife propagation, recreational
activities, including water contact sports, agricultural irri-
gation and livestock watering.
-------
a. Dissolved Oxygen: There shall be no oxygen demanding sub-
stances added which will depress the dissolved oxygen con-
tent below 3.0 mg/1.
b. j>H; The pH shall not be caused to vary more than 1.5 unit
above or be.low;.the normal pH of the waters and lower value
shall not be less than 5.0 and upper value not more than
9.5.
c. Temperature: Shall not be increased more than ten degrees
F (10°F), after reasonable mixing, above the natural pre-
vailing background temperatures, nor exceed a maximum of
950F.
<*• Specific Conductance; There shall be no substances added
to increase the conductivity above 1500 micromhos/cin for
fresh water streams.
e. Dissolved Solids: There shall be no substances added to
the waters to cause the dissolved solids to exceed 1000
mg/1 as-a monthly average value, nor exceed 2000 mg/1 at
•any time.
-------
APPENDIX D
REFUSE ACT PERMIT APPLICATION
-------
FORM APPROVED
OMB NO. 49-R 0400
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, CORPS OF ENGINEERS
APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO DISCHARGE OR WORK IN NAVIGABLE WATERS AND THEIR TRIBUTARIES
SECTION I. GENERAL INFORMATION
1. State
Application Number (to be assigned by Corps of Engineers)
Div. Dist. Type Sequence No.
2. Name of applicant and title of signing official
3. Mailing address of applicant
4. Name, address, telephone number and title of applicant's authorized agent for permit application coordination and correspondence.
NOTE TO APPLICANT: Refer to the pamphlet entitled "Permits for Work and Structures in and for Discharges or Deposits into Navigable Waters"
before attempting to complete this form.
lired Information
All information contained in this application will, upon request, be made available to the public for inspection and copying. A separate sheet .
entitled "Confidential Answers" must be used to set out information which is considered by the applicant to constitute trade secrets or com-
mercial or financial information of a confidential nature. The information must clearly indicate the item number to which it applies. Con-
fidential treatment can be considered only for that information for which a specific written request of confidentiality has been made on the
attached sheet. However, in no event will identification of the contents and frequency of a discharge be recognized as confidential or privileged
information.
b. The applicant shall furnish such supplementary information as is required by the District Engineer in order to evaluate fully an application.
c. If additional space is needed for a complete response to any item on this form, attach a sheet entitled "Additional Information." Indicate on
that sheet the item numbers to which answers apply.
d. Drawings required by items 20 and 21 should be attached to this application. Other papers which must be attached to this application include,
• • if applicable, copies of a water quality certification or a written communication which describes water quality impact (sec Item 22 and Item. 10 ..
of Section II below), the additional information sheet(s) in "c" above, and the confidential information sheet described in "a" above.
Fees
If any discharge or deposit is involved, an application fee of $100 must be submitted with this application. An additional $50 is required for each
additional point of discharge or deposit.
Signature
a. If a discharge is involved, an application submitted by a corporation must be signed by the principal executive officer of that corporation or by
an official of the rank of corporate vice president or above who reports directly to such principal executive officer and who has been designated
by the principal executive officer to make such applications on behalf of the corporation. In the case of a partnership or a sole proprietorship,
the application must be signed by a general partner or the proprietor. Other signature requirements are discussed in the pamphlet.
b. If no discharge is involved, an application may be signed by the applicant or his authorized acjoni.
Application is hereby made for a permit or permits to authorize the activities described herein. I certify that I am familiar with the information
contained in this application, and that to the best of my knowledge and belief such information is true, complete, and accurate.
18 U.S.C. Section 1001 provides that:
Signature of Applicant
Whoever, in any matter within the jurisdiction of any department or agency of the United States knowingly and wilfully falsifies, conceals or
covers up by any trick, scheme, or device a material fact, or makes any false, fictitious or fraudulent statements or representations, or makes
or uses any false writing or document knowing same to contain any false, fictitious or fraudulent statement or entry, shall be fined not more
than $10.000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both.
Acronym name of applicant
Date received, form not complete — — —
Date received, form complete
but without certificate
Date received, form complete — — — — —
Date of CertVLtr. — —
day rr.o yr
FOR CORPS OF ENGINEERS USE ONLY
Arc discharge structures
Minor? '
Major?
N/A?
Date sent to EPA, form not complete —
Date sent to EPA. WOAA, D/l. AEC,
FPC in complete form — —
day mo yr
ENG FORM
Pane 1 of 3
-------
5. Date
mo day yr
(Office use only)
-heck type of application:
a. Original
b. Revision
D
7. Number of original application
8. Name of facility where discharge or construction will occur.
9. Full mailing address of facility named in item 8 above.
10. Names and mailing addresses of all adjoining property owners whose property also adjoins the waterway.
11. Check to indicate tho nature of the proposed activity:
a. Dredging [ [ b. Construction [ [
_ _
c. Construction with Discharge [ [ b. Discharge only I
If activity is temporary in nature, estimate its duration in months.
If application is for a discharge:
1 3. List, intake sources
Source
Municipal or private water supply system
. Surface water body .
Ground water •
Other
14. Describe water usage within the plant
Type
Cooling water
Boiler Feed water
Process water
Sanitary system*
Other
15. List volume of discharges or losses other than into navigable waters.
Type . . '
Municipal waste treatment system
Surface containment
Underground disposal
Waste Acceptance firms
Evaporation
Consumption
Estimated Volume in Million
Gallons Per day or Fraction
Thereof
Estimated Volume in Million
Gallons Per day or Fraction
Thereof
Estimated Volume in Million
Gallons Per day or Fraction
Thereof
• Indicate number employees served per day
4345
Page 2 of 3
-------
If structures exist, or dredging, filling or other construction will occur, the
precise location of the activity must be described.
(Office use only)
Name the corporate boundaries within which the structures exist or the
activity will occur.
State County City or Town
16. 17. 18.
b. Name of waterway at the location of the activity
19.-
20. Maps and sketches which show the location and character of each structure or activity, including any and all outfall devices, dispersive devices,
and non-structural points of discharge, must be attached to this application.
21. For construction or work in navigable waters for which a separate permit is sought under 33 U.S.C. 403, the character of each structure must bo
fully shown on detailed plans to be submitted with this application. Note on the drawings those structures for which separate discharge informa-
tion (Section II of this form) has been submitted.
22. List all approvals or denials granted by Federal, interstate. State or local agencies for any structures, construction, discharges or deposits
described in this application.
Type of document Id. No. Date Issuing Agency
..Check if facility existed or was lawfully under construction prior- to April 3.1970. •• ' I I
"24. If dredging or filling will occur:
Stato the type of materials involved, their volume in cubic yards, and the proposed method of measurement.
25. Describe tho proposed method of instrumentation which will be used to measure the volume of any solids which may be deposited and to
determine its effect upon the waterway.
26. State rates and periods of deposition described in Item 25.
4345 Page 3 of 3
MAY 71 U. S GOVERNMENT PRINTING OH-ICE • 1171 O . «1 - 274
-------
SECTION II. PLANT PROCESS AND DISCHARGE DESCRIPTION
1. Discharge described below is
"•resent . , b. Proposed new ,
I or changed
2. Implementation
schedule
D
(Office use only)
Name of corporate boundaries within which the point of discharge is located.
State County
City or
Town
6. Discharge Serial No.
State the precise location of the point of discharge.
7. Latitude Degrees; Min; Sec.
8. Longitude Degrees; Min; Sec.
9. Name of waterway at the point of discharge.
10. Has application for water quality certification or description of impact been made? If so, give date:
Date Check if certificate I I Name Issuing Agency
Check if certificate
is attached to form
mo day
yr
11. Narrative description of activity (include terms of general 4-digit Standard Industrial Classification, and specific manufacturing process).
12. Standaid industrial classification number.
13. Principal product.
14. Amount of principal product produced
per day.
15. Principal raw material.
16. Amount of principal raw material
' consumed per day.'
17. Number of batch discharges per day.
18. Average gallons per batch discharge.
19. Date discharge began.
day
20. Date discharge will begin.
mo day
21. Describe waste abatement practices.
ENG FORM
MAY 71
Page 1 of 5
-------
22.
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION OF INTAKE WATER AND DISCHARGE
Parameter
and (Code)
Flow
(Gallons per day)
00056
pH
00400
Temperature
(Winter) (°F)
74028
Temperature
(Summer) (°F|
74027
23.
DISCHARGE CONTENTS
PARAMETER
PARAMETER
PARAMETER
ui
V)
Ml
DC
CL
I-
Ul
Color
00080
Aluminum
01105
Nickel
01067
Turliidity
00070
Antimony
01097
Selenium
01147
Radioactivity.
74050
Arsenic
01002
Silver
01077
Hardness
00900
Beryllium
01012
Potassium
00937
Solids
00500
Barium
01007
Sodium
00929
Ammonia
00610
Boron
01022
Titanium
01152
Organic Nitrogen
00605
Cadmium
01027
Tin
01102
Nitrate
00620
Calcium
00916
Zinc
01092
Nitrite
00615
Cobalt
01037
Algicides
74051
Phosphorus
00665
Chromium
01034
Oil and Grease
00550
Sulfate
00945
Copper
01042
Phenols
32730
Sulficle
00745
Iron
01045
Surfactants
382GO
Sulfite
00740
Lead
01051
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons
74052
Bromide
•q
.ide
00940
Magnesium
00927
Pesticides
74053
Manganese
01055 ,'
Fecal Streptococci Bacteria
74054
Cyanide
00720
Mercury
71900
Coliform Bacteria
74056
Fluoride
00951
Molybdenum
010C2
ENG FORM _ r
MAY 71 1345-
Page 2 of
-------
24a. Have all known hazardous or potentially hazardous substances in your plant been inventoried?
n YM n N°
. ,. If yes. have steps been taken to insure that there exists no possibility of any such known hazardous or potentially hazardous substance entering
this discharge?
Yes
D
No
25. Remarks.
The information above completes the basic reporting requirements which are required of all applicants. Those applicants whose discharge results from
an activity included within any of the Standard Industrial Classification Code (SIC Code) categories listed below must complete Part A of this form as
well.
SIC 098
SIC 10-14
SIC 201
SIC 202
SIC 203
SIC 2031.
2036
SIC • 204
SIC 206
SIC 207
SIC 208
SIC 209
SIC 22
SIC 23
SIC 242
SIC 2432
SIC 2491
SIC 26
SIC 281
SIC 2818
SIC 282
Sir 283
284
FISH HATCHERIES. FARMS. AND PRESERVES
DIVISION B - MINING
MEAT PRODUCTS
DAIRY PRODUCTS
CANNED PRESERVED FRUITS. VEGETABLES
(EXCEPT SEAFOODS. SIC 2031 AND 2036)
CANNED AND CURED FISH AND SEAFOODS;
FRESH OR FROZEN PACKAGED FISH AND
SEAFOpDS
GRAIN MILL PRODUCTS
SUGAR
CONFECTIONARY AND RELATED PRODUCTS
BEVERAGES
MISCELLANEOUS FOOD PREPARATIONS AND
KINDRED PRODUCTS
f: •
TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS
APPAREL AND OTHER FINISHED PRODUCTS
MADE FROM FABRICS AND SIMILAR
MATERIALS
SAWMILLS AND PLANING MILLS
VENEER AND PLYWOOD
WOOD PRESERVING
PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
INDUSTRIAL INORGANIC AND ORGANIC
CHEMICALS (EXCEPT SIC 2818)
INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEfvliCALS
PLASTICS MATERIALS AND SYNTHETIC
RESINS. SYNTHETIC RUBBER. SYNTHETIC
AND OTHER JV1AN-MADE FIBERS. EXCEPT
GLASS
DRUGS
SOAP. DETERGENTS. AND CLEANING PREP-
ARATIONS. PERFUMES. COSMETICS. AND
OTHER TOILET PREPARATIONS
CRITICAL INDUSTRIAL GROUPS
SIC 285
PAINTS, VARNISHES. LACQUERS. ENAMELS. AND
ALLIED PRODUCTS
SIC 2871 FERTILIZERS
SIC 2879 AGRICULTURAL PESTICIDES. AND OTHER AGRI-
CULTURAL CHEMICALS, NOT ELSEWHERE
CLASSIFIED
SIC 2891 ADHESIVES AND GELATIN
SIC 2892 EXPLOSIVES
SIC 29 PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES
• .
SIC 3011. TIRES AND INNER TUBES: FABRICATED RUBBER
3069 PRODUCTS. NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED
SIC 3079. MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS
SIC 311 LEATHER TANNING AND FINISHING
SIC 32 STONE. CLAY. GLASS. AND CONCRETE PRODUCTS
SIC 331 BLAST FURNACES. STEEL WORKS. AND ROLLING
•'" ' AND FINISHING MILLS ' •--.-.
SIC 332 IRON AND STEEL FOUNDRIES
SIC 333. PRIMARY SMELTING AND REFINING OF NON-
334 FERROUS METALS; SECONDARY SMELTING AND
REFINING OF NONFERROUS METALS
SIC 336 NONFERROUS FOUNDRIES
SIC 347 COATING, ENGRAVING, AND ALLIED SERVICES
SIC 35 MACHINERY. EXCEPT ELECTRICAL
SIC 36 ELECTRICAL MACHINERY. EQUIPMENT. AND
SUPPLIES
SIC 37 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT (EXCEPT SHIP
BUILDING AND REPAIRING. SIC 3731)
SIC 3731 SHIPBUILDING AND REPAIRING
SIC 491 ELECTRIC COMPANIES AND SYSTEMS
SIC 493 COMBINATION COMPANIES AND SYSTEMS
ENG FORM .,,.. ,
MAY 71 4345-1
Page 3 of 5
-------
PART A
: Submission of Part A is required of all applicants whose processes are listed
on page 3 above.)
(Office use only)
Discharge Serial No.
INFORMATION REQUIRED OF SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES
Intake
Discharge
PARAMETER
AND CODE
ALKALINITY (asCaCO-j)
00410
B.O.D. 5-DAY
00310
CHEMICAL OXYGEN
DEMAND (C.O.D.)
r -0
»_.AL SOLIDS
00500
TOTAL DISSOLVED
SOLIDS
70300
TOTAL SUSPENDED
SOLIDS
00530
TOTAL VOLATILE
SOLIDS
00505
AMMONIA (asN)
00810
KJELDAHL NITROGEN
00625
NITRATE (asN)
PHOSPHORUS TOTAL
(asP)
OOG65
ENG FORM
MAY 71
Page 4 of 5
-------
TABLE A
Guide for Completion of Part A
PARAMETER
&
UNITS
ALKALINITY
AS Ca CO3
Mg/liter
B.O.D.
5-DAY
Mg/litcr
CHEMICAL OXYGEN
DEMAND (C.O.D.)
Mg/liter
TOTAL SOLIDS
Mg/litcr
L DISSOLVED
ERABLE)
SOLIDS
Mg/liter
TOTAL SUSPENDED
(NON-FILTERABLE)
SOLIDS
Mg/liter
TOTAL VOLATILE
SOLIDS
Mg/hter
AMMONIA
(asN)
Mg/litcr
KJELDAHL NITROGEN
Mg/liter
NITRATE
(asN)
Mg/litcr
lol'AL PHOSPHORUS
(asP)
Mg/liter
METHOD
ELECTROMETRIC TITRATION
TECHNICON METHYL
ORANGE.METHOD
MODIFIED WINKLER METHOD
OR
PROBE METHOD
DICHROMATE REFLUX
METHOD
GRAVIMETRIC, 105°C.
METHOD
GLASS FIBER FILTRATION
METHOD, 180°C.
GLASS FIBER FILTRATION
METHOD, 103-105°C.
GRAVIMETRIC METHOD
550°C.
DISTILLATION-NESSLERIZATION
METHOD OR
TECHNICON-DIGESTION &
PHENOLATE METHOD
DIGESTION-DISTILLATION METHOD
OR TECHNICON-DIGESTION &
PHENOLATE METHOD
BRUCINE SULFATE METHOD
OR TECHNICON-HYDRAZINE
REDUCTION METHOD
PERSULFATE DIGESTION «• SINGLE
REAGENT METHOD OR '
TECHNICON-MANUAL DIGESTION &
SINGLE REAGENT OR STANNOUS
CHLORIDE
REFERENCES
STANDARD
METHODS
13TH ED.
1971
p. 370
p. 489
p. 495
p. 535
'p. 539 '
p. 537
p. 536
p. 453
p. 469
p. 461
p. 526
A.S.T.M.
STANDARDS
Pt. 23
1970
p. 154
p. 712
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
W.Q.O.
METHODS
1971
P. 6
p. 15
p. 17
p. 280
p. 275
p. 278
p. 282
•
p. 134
p. 149
p. 170
p. 235
SIGNIFICANCE
IN
REPORTING
DATA
X.
X.
X.
X.
X. '
X.
X.
.XX
.XX
.XX
.XX
ENGFORM .0/,r ,
MAY 71 4345-1
U. S. COV! UiNMhNT PIIIMINR OH-ICK 1171 O - «7-27
Page 5 of 5
-------
PART B DISCHARGE DESCRIPTION
(Note: Submission of Part B is required of all applicants who are
i required to submit Part A. Only those parameters specifically
Bleated in the Instructions are to bo reported by a particular industry)
(Office use only)
Discharge Serial No.
B-1.
PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF INTAKE WATER AND DISCHARGE (See Table B-1)
Intake
Discharge
PARAMETER
AND CODE
COLOR
00080
SPECIFIC
CONDUCTANCE
00095
'RBIDITY
J70
FECAL STREPTOCOCCI
BACTERIA
74054
FECAL COLIFORM
BACTERIA
74055
TOTAL COLIFORM
BACTERIA
74056
ENG FORM
JUN 71
4345-1
PUSH IB of 7
-------
PARTB
(Office use only)
Discharge Serial No.
B-2.
CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF INTAKE WATER AND DISCHARGE (See Table B-2)
Intake
Discharge
PARAMETER
AND CODE
(11)
ACIDITY (as CaCO3)
00435
TOTAL ORGANIC
CARBON (T.O.C.)
OOG80
/TAL HARDNESS
00900.
NITRITE (as N)
00615
ORGANIC NITROGEN
00605
PHQSPHORUS-ORTHO
(as P')
70507
SULFATE
00945
SULFIDE
00745
SULFITE
10740
BROMIDE
71870
ENG FORM
JUN71
Pago 2B of 7
-------
PARTB
(Office use only)
Discharge Serial No.
B-2. (cont.)
CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF INTAKE WATER AND DISCHARGE (See Table B-2)
PARAMETER
AND CODE
CHLORIDE
00940
CYANIDE
00720
IORIDE
J51.
ALUMINUM-TOTAL
01105
ANTIMONY-TOTAL
01097
ARSENIC-TOTAL
01002
BARIUM-TOTAL
01007
BERYLLIUM-TOTAL
01012
BORON-TOTAL
01022
CADMIUM-TOTAL
01027
ENG FORM
JUN71
Pooo 3D of 7
-------
PARTS
(Office »i« only)
Discharge Serial No.
B-2. (cont.)
CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF INTAKE WATER AND DISCHARGE (See Table B-2)
Intake
PARAMETER
AND CODE
(1)
(11)
CALCIUM-TOTAL
00916
CHROMIUM-TOTAL
01034
ALT-TOTAL
01C37
COPPER-TOTAL
01042
IRON-TOTAL
01045
LEAD-TOTAL
01051
MAGNESIUM-TOTAL
00927
MANGANESE-TOTAL
01055
MERCURY-TOTAL
—«JOO
MOLYBDENUM-TOTAL
01062
ENG FORM
JUN 71
Pago 4B of 7
-------
PARTS
(Office use only)
Discharge Serial No.
B-2. (cont.)
CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF INTAKE WATER AND DISCHARGE (See Table B-2)
Intake
Discharge
PARAMETER
AND CODE
(9)
(10)
(11)
NICKEL-TOTAL
01067
POTASSIUM-TOTAL
00937
ocLENIUM-TOTAL
01147
SILVER-TOTAL
01077
SODIUM-TOTAL
00929
THALLIUM-TOTAL
01059
TIN-TOTAL
01102
TITANIUM-TOTAL
01152
ZINC-TOTAL
092
OIL AND GREASE
00550
ENG FORM
JUN71
4345-1
Paqo 03 of 7
-------
PARTS
(Office use only)
Discharge Serial No.
B-2. (cont.)
CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF INTAKE WATER AND DISCHARGE (See Table B-2)
PARAMETER
AND CODE
PHENOLS
32730
SURFACTANTS
38260
5ICIDES*
,4051
CHLORINATED HYDRO-
CARBONS" (EXCEPT
PESTICIDES)
74052
PESTICIDES"
74033
•Name specific compounds) end fill in Iho required data for ccch. Use extra blanks at tha end of the form ond the "Remarks" space
as necessary.
ENG FORM
JUN71
Pago 6B of 7
-------
PARTS
(Office use only)
Discharge Serial No.
B-3.
RADIOACTIVE PARAMETERS OF INTAKE WATER AND DISCHARGE (See Table B-3)
Intake
Discharge
PARAMETER
AND CODE
ID
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
ALPHA-TOTAL
01501
ALPHA COUNTING
ERROR
01502
BETA-TOTAL
03501
.TA COUNTING
ERROR
03502
GAMMA-TOTAL
05501
GAMMA COUNTING
ERROR
05502
TRITIUM-TOTAL
07000
TRITIUM COUNTING
ERROR
07001
B-4. REMARKS
ENG FORM
JUN 71
Pooo 7B of 7
-------
APPENDIX E
TENNESSEE DISCHARGE PERMIT REQUIREMENTS
-------
TENNESSEE STREAM POLLUTION CONTROL LAW (Extracts)
Tennessee Code Annotated - Sections 70-301 - 70-319
Sec. 70-305. Applications received and permits issued for dis-
charge of wastes. - It shall be the duty of the
board and it shall have authority to receive and
examine applications, plans, specifications and
other data and to issue permits for the discharge
of 'sewage, industrial wastes, and other wastes
into or adjacent to the waters of the state, stip-
ulating in each permit the conditions under which,
and the time during which, such discharge may be
permitted. (Acts 1945, ch. 128, § 3; C.Supp.
1950, § 5749.3.)
GENERAL REGULATIONS
Tennessee Stream Pollution Control. Board
PERMITS TO DISCHARGE SEWAGE
INDUSTRIAL WASTES OR OTHER WASTE
(a) Application for Permit - Any person planning or construct-
ing any new works .whereby sewage, industrial wastes or other wastes.
may be discharged into or adjacent to any waters of the State shall
make written application to the Tennessee Department of Public Health
for permit to discharge such sewage or waste. Such application shall
be on forms furnished by the Department and should be filed at the
time complete plans and specifications are submitted but may be sub-
mitted 30 days or more prior to the time it is desired to begin the
discharge of sewage or wastes and such discharge shall not be started
until written permit is received.
All persons responsible for existing works which discharge
sewage, industrial wastes or other waste into or adjacent to waters
of the State shall file, prior to October 1, 1951, an applicarion
for permit to continue to discharge such waste. These applications
shall be made on forms furnished by the Department and will be filed
in the same manner as specified for new works.
(b) Issuance of Permits - Applications for permits will be re-
viewed together with operation records, plans and specifications or
-------
other data submitted by the person making such application or which
may be requested by the Department to ascertain the effect of such
sewage or waste upon the waters into which discharged. Each per-
mit issued shall stipulate the conditions under which and the time
during which such discharge may be permitted. All permits must be
signed by the Commissioner of Public Health and Director of the
Division of Stream Pollution Control.
Provided, however, that a tolerance permit may be issued in
cases where the pollution is not immediately dangerous to health,
and will not prevent reasonable use of the water by other riparian
owners, and cannot be immediately corrected on a temporary or per-
manent basis by any means short of stopping the operation of a pub-
lic service or industry. Before any such tolerance permit is issued
to allow time for correction, the person responsible for such pollu-
tion must file a statement with the Department indicating that work
will be started immediately to correct the condition and continued
according to a specified schedule until completed. Any such
tolerance permits issued will be reported to the Board at the next
meeting.
(c) Revocation of Permits - All permits shall be revocable or
Subject to modification and change indicated by operation records,
investigations or by other information regarding the works or the
rec.ei\ing waters. All permits shall automatically terminate at the
end of'the period specified in such permit, or, if no time is speci-
fied in the permit, it nay be terminated by written notice served on
the person responsible for such works. The right to discharge any
sewage, industrial wastes or other waste into any waters of the State
shall cease and terminate after the expiration date of any permit or
30 days after the mailing of notice of revocation of permit, and the
prohibition of Tennessee Code Annotated, Section 70-301 through 30-319
against such discharge shall be in full force, as 'though no permit had
been granted, but a new permit may thereafter again be granted as here-
inbefore provided. No works for which a permit has been granted shall
be added to, modified or altered, nor shall such sewage or wastes be
materially increased or changed in character without first having re-
ceived approval and permit from the Department.
-------
APPENDIX F
ENFORCEMENT CONFERENCE SUMMARY
-------
SUMMARY OF CONFERENCE .
POLLUTION OF INTERSTATE WATERS
OF THE
LOWER MISSISSIPPI RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES
(ARKANSAS- LOUISIANA-MISSISSIPPI-TENNESSEE)
MAY 5-6, 1964
The Lower Mississippi River, as defined for this conference, begins
at the northern border of Arkansas and flows southwards for 912 miles
into the Gulf of Mexico. For all but the last 303 miles of this distance,
the River forms the boundary between the States of Tennessee and Mississippi
on the left bank, and Arkansas and Louisiana on the right bank.
On the basis of reports surveys, or studies, the Secretary of Health,
Education, and Welfare, having reason to believe that pollution of the
Mississippi River was responsible for recent fish kills and was endangering
;
the health or welfare of persons in States other than i\^ze in which the
discharges originate, called a conference in the matter of pollution of
the interstate waters of the Lower Mississippi River. The conference was
held on May 5 and 6, 1964, in the Federal Office Building, New Orleans,
Louisiana.
The following conferees, representing the State water pollution control
agencies of Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee and the U.S.
Department of Health, Education, and Welfare attended the Conference:
Marvin Wood Director, Arkansas-Water Pollution
Control Commission
Little Rock, Arkansas
Edward A. Alba res Chairman, Arkansas Water Pollution
Control Commission
-------
z.
.Richard N. Deed
Robert A. Lafleur
John E. .Trygg
J. E. Johnston
S. Leary Jones
Jcrmone Svore
Murray Stein, Chairman
Vice Chairman, Arkansas Water Pollution
Control Commission
Little Rock, Arkansas
Executive Secretary, Louisiana Stream
Control Commission
Baton Rouge, Louisiana
m
Director, Division of Public Health
. Engineering, Louisiana State Board
of Health
New Orleans, Louisiana
Director, Sanitary Engineering
Mississippi State Board of Health
Jackson, Mississippi
Executive Secretary, Tennessee Stream
Pollution Control Board
Nashville, Tennessee .
Regional Program Director
Division of Waver Supply and Pollution Control
Department of Health, Education, and Welfare
Dallas, Texas
Chief, Enforcement Branch
Division of Water Supply and Pollution Control
Department of Health, Education, and Welfare
Washington, D. C:
The following also participated in the conference;
Robert J. Anderson
K. E. Biglane
Edwin C. Boudreaux
Dr. Andrew W. Breidenbach
Richard Carlton
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Washington, D. C.
Public Health Service
Washington, D. C.
Food and Drug Administration
Public Health Service
Washington, D. C.
Louisiana Department of Agriculture
Baton Rouge, Louisiana
-------
3.
Grover C. Dowell
Dr. Denzel E. Ferguson
Dr. Alfred R. Grzenda
Eugene H. Holeman
Dr. R..E. Johnson
Francis W. Kittrell
Keith S. Krause
Lloyd L. Laud en
Bernard Lorant
Jack Lowe
Suniner H. McAllister
Dr. Fred P. Meyer
Dr. Donald Mount
Dr. L. D. Newsom
Walter K. Porter, Jr.
Dr. Mary Schacfer
University of Arkansas Extension Service
Little Rock, Arkansas
Mississippi State University
Starkville, Mississippi
Public Health Service
Atlanta, Georgia
Tennessee Department of Agriculture
Nashville, Tennessee
U.S. Department of the Interior
Washington, D. C.
Public Health Service
'Cincinnati, Ohio
Public Health Service
Washington, D. C.
American Sugar Cane League of the U.S.A. Inc
New Orleans, o_,ouisiana
Velsicol Chemical Corporation
Chicago, Illinois
Bureau of Commercial Fisheries
U.S. Department of the Interior
Pensacola, Florida
Agricultural Chemicals Division
Shell Chemical Company
New York, New York
Fish Farming Experimental Station
Stuttgart, Arkansas
Public'Health Service
Cincinnati, Ohio
Louisiana State University
Baton Rouge, Louisiana
Mississippi Agricultural Experiment Station
Stoncville, Mississippi
Public Health Service
Cincinnati, Ohio
-------
4.
Dr. Lyle S. St. Amant ' Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries Commission
Baton Rouge, Louisiana
John M.. Stubbs Tennessee Fish & Game Commission
Nashville, Tennessee
Dr. Clarence M. Tarzwell Public Health Service
Cincinnati, Ohio
The Chairman of the conference pointed out that:
1. Under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S. C.
466 et seq.) pollution of interstate waters which endangers the health
or welfare of persons in a State or States other than that in which
the discharges originate is subject to abatement under procedures
described in section 8 of the Federal Act.
2. The first step of these procedxires is the calling of a conference.
3. The purpose of the conference is to bring the States and the
Department of Health, Education, and Welfare together to review the
i *
existing situation and progress made, to lay a basis for futxire action
.by all parties concerned, and to give the States and localities an
opportunity to take any remedial1 action which may be indicated
» " •
under State and local law.
4. The area considered by the conference may be expanded, in further
sessions, to include States along the Mississippi which may be
contributing to pollution problems in the present conference area.
The conferees reached the following conclusions;
1. The Mississippi River, in the area covered by this conference,
is an interstate waterway, within the definition of the Federal Water
Pollution Control Act, and a navigable stream.
-------
5.
2. The conferees representing the States of Louisiana, Mississippi,
and the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare concluded that the
pesticide Endrin was responsible for the fish kill in the Mississippi
4*
and Atchafalaya Rivers, in Louisiana, during the fall and winter of
1963-64. The conferee representing Arkansas stated that Endrin. was at
least a contributing factor. The conferee representing Tennessee
stated that other factors might also be present. J_/
3. Industrial wastes and drainage from contaminated areas in and near
Memphis, Tennessee, are sources of the discharge of Endrin into the
Mississippi.
4. The available cl^.ta demonstrate that soui't^a, not yet identirioJ, ol'.ier
than those in the Memphis area, may contribute to the Endrin found in
the Lower Mississippi drainage area. These other sources must be
identified through further study.
5. The presence of minute concentrations of Endrin in the 'treated water
supply of Vicksburg, Mississippi, and New Orleans, Louisiana, is a matter
of concern. While acute effects on humans of this pecticide in water
have not been detected, the effects of continued ingestion of even these
rninute quantities must be evaluated.
6. Discharge of Endrin into the Mississippi River from sources outside
Louisiana appear to constitute pollution within the meaning of the
•
Federal Water Pollution Control Act.
I/ (see page 6)
-------
6.
I/ • The Tennessee conferee wished to include in this conclusion a
fuller description of the Mississippi fish kills, as follows; "There were
two type of fish kills occurring in Louisiana. One was the type of fish kill
which caused immediate 'death to fish and was noted after the application of
Endrin, and the other was an a typical type of fish kill and a species -
preferential type of die-off. This did not extend out into the Gulf of Mexico,
!
and presumably.does not refer to the menhaden fish."
7. Discharges of sewage and industrial wastes reaching the
. Mississippi River may also cause pollution of an interstate nature,
and may require further study. (The Tennessee conferee did not
concur.) In any further'study performed, consideration should be
given to extending the area of jurisdiction to upstream States from
which discharges into the Mississippi -may be affecting-water-quality
in the conference area. Studies of pollution in tributaries to the
Mississippi will commence at the conflxience ot tnesc tributaries
with the main stem and will proceed upstream only if significant
pollution is found to affect the main stem.
The conferees 'unanimously recommended that:
1. Known sources of Endrin discharges from industry, land drainage,
and mud deposits be brought under control immediately.
2. Other sources of Endrin pollution be identified and brought
under control as soon as possible.
3. A technical committee composed of the conferees or their designecs
be established, to direct and advise in the identification and
abatement of all soxirc.es of pollution affecting the main stem of
-------
7.
the Lower Mississippi. The Department of Health, Education,, and
Welfare will participate and aid in the investigatory project.
4. A progress report be prepared within one year from the issuance
of this summary.
5. The Department of Health, Education, and \Velf are prepare, at
the request of the State of Louisiana and for the benefit of other
•
interested agencies, a preliminary report on progress made to abate
pollution of the Mississippi'between now and the low-flow month
(August) of 1964, and anticipated Endrin loads at that time.
6. The conference be reconvened at the call of the Chairman, if
the technical committee so recommends.
------- |