U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
WORKING PAPER SERIES
REPORT
ON
PRUESSUKE
MI HARD COUNTY
UTAH
EPA REGION VI11
WORKING PAPER No, 856
CORVALLIS ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY - CORVALLIS, OREGON
and
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING & SUPPORT LABORATORY - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
1977
•&G.P.O. 699-440
-------
REPORT
ON
PRUESSLAKE
MILLARD COUNTY
UTAH
EPA REGION VI11
WORKING PAPER No, 856
WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE
UTAH STATE DIVISION OF HEALTH
AND THE
UTAH NATIONAL GUARD
NOVEMBER, 1977
-------
CONTENTS
Page
.*v. •-•
Foreward ii
List of Utah Study Lakes and Reservoirs iv
Lake and Drainage A ea Map v
Section^
I. 1
II. Conclusions 1
III. Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics 2
IV. Water Quality Summary 3
V. Literature Reviewed 7
VI. Appendices 8
-------
FOREWORD
The National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation-
wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to freshwater lakes and
reservoirs.
OBJECTIVES
The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds.
ANALYTIC APPROACH
The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey's eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:
a. A generalized representation or model relating
sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.
b. By applying measurements of relevant parameters
associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
can be transformed into an operational representation of
a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.
c. With such a transformation, an assessment of the
potential for eutrophication control can be made.
LAKE ANALYSIS
In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented. The report is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning [§303(e)], water
quality criteria/standards review [§303(c)], clean lakes [§314(a,b)],
and water quality monitoring [§106 and §305(b)] activities mandated
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
-------
m
Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation's
fresh water lakes. Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of
Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the Utah Department of Social
Services and the Utah Department of Natural Resources for pro-
fessional involvement, to the Utah National Guard for conducting
the tributary sampling phase of the Survey, and to those Utah
wastewater treatment plant operators who voluntarily provided
effluent samples and flow data.
The staffs of the Bureau of Water Quality of the Division
of Health and the Division of Wildlife Resources provided inval-
uable lake documentation and counsel during the Survey, reviewed
the preliminary reports, and provided critiques most useful in
the preparation of this Working Paper series.
Major General Maurice L. Watts, the Adjutant General of Utah,
and Project Officer Lt. Colonel T. Ray Kingston, who directed the
volunteer efforts of the Utah National Guardsmen, are also grate-
fully acknowledged for their assistance to the Survey.
-------
TV
NATIONAL EUTROPHI CATION SURVEY
STUDY LAKES AND RESERVOIRS
STATE OF UTAH
NAME
Bear
Deer Creek
Echo
Fish
Flaming Gorge
Huntington
Joes Valley
Lower Bowns
Lynn
Minersville
Moon
Navajo
Newcastle
Otter Creek
Panguich
Pelican
Pineview
Piute
Porcupine
Powell
Pruess
Sevier Bridge
Starvation
Steinaker
Tropic
Utah
Mil lard Bay
COUNTY
Rich, UT; Bear Lake, ID
Wasatch
Summi t
Sevier
Daggett, UT;
Sweetwater, WY
Emery
Emery
Garfield
Box Elder
Beaver
Duchesne
Kane
Iron
Piute
Garfield
Uintah
Weber
Piute
Cache
Garfi.eld, Kane, San
Juan, UT; Coconino, AZ
Mi Hard
Juab, Sanpete
Duchesne
Uintah
Garfield
Utah
Box Elder
-------
V?
3«f54-
PRUESS LAKE
X Lake Sampling Site
,Km.
Scale
Utah
Map Location
3^53-
,«•
0,'
/
^£
1
I 114'
00
-------
PRUESS LAKE
STORET NO. 4919
I. INTRODUCTION
Pruess Lake was included in the National Eutrophication Survey
as a water body of interest to the Utah Bureau of Environmental
Health. Tributaries and nutrient sources were not sampled, and
this report relates only to the lake sampling data.
II. CONCLUSIONS
A. Trophic Condition:
Survey data indicate that Pruess Lake is eutrophic. It
ranked fourteenth in overall trophic quality when the 27 Utah
lakes and reservoirs sampled in 1975 were compared using a
combination of six parameters*. Twenty-one of the waterbodies
had less median total phosphorus, 16 had less and one had the
same median dissolved orthophosphorus, 17 had less median inor-
ganic nitrogen,eight had less mean chlorophyll a^ and all of the
others had greater mean Secchi disc transparency.
B. Rate-Limi ting Nutrient:
The algal assay results are not considered representative
of conditions in the lake at the times the samples were col-
lected. The lake data indicate nitrogen limitation in May
and August and phosphorus limitation in September. However,
the lack of transparency (mean Secchi disc depth of 0.2 meters)
indicates the lake may be light-limited much of the time.
* See Appendix A.
-------
III. LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHARACTERISTICS1"
A. Morphemetry :
1. Surface area: 1.46 kilometers2.
2. Mean depth: 5.8 meters.
3. Maximum depth: 10.7 meters.
4. Volume: 7.154 x 106 m3.
B. Precipitation*:
1. Year of sampling: 20.7 centimeters.
2. Mean annual: 20.7 centimeters.
t Table of metric equivalents--Appendix B.
tt Sudweeks, 1975; maximum depth from Ikner (1975).
* See Working Paper No. 175, "...Survey Methods, 1973-1976"
-------
3
IV. WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
Pruess Lake was sampled three t4mes during the open-water season
of 1975 by means of a pontoon-equipped Huey helicopter. Each time,
samples for physical and chemical parameters were collected from one
or more depths at one station on the lake (see map, page v). During
each visit, a depth-integrated (near bottom to surface) sample was
collected for phytoplankton identification and enumeration; and a
similar sample was taken for chlorophyll
-------
PARAMETER
TEMP
DISS OXY
CNDCTVY (^CROMO)
PH (STAND UNITS)
TOT ALK (MG/L)
TOT P (MG/L)
ORTHO P (MG/L)
N02+N03 (MG/L)
AMMONIA (MG/L)
KJEL N (MG/L)
INOSG N (MG/D
TOTAL N (MG/L)
CHLRPYL A (UG/L)
SECCHl (METERS)
A. SUMMARY of PHYSICAL AND
1ST SAMPLING ( 5/ 8/75)
1 SITES
R4NGE.
9.6 - 9.7
8.0 - 8.?
908. - 953.
».b - 8.6
400. - 545.
0.040 - 0.043
0.006 - 0.008
0.020 - 0.020
0.020 - 0.030
0.700 - 0.700
0.040 - 0.050
0.720 - 0.720
4.6 - 4.6
0.3 - 0.3
CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR PRUESS
STORET CODE 4919
2ND SAMPLING ( 8/13/75)
1 SITES
RESERVOIR (GARRIS
3RD SAMPLING ( 9/26/75)
1 SITES
MEAN
9.7
8.1
935.
8.6
473.
0.041
0.007
0.020
0.025
0.700
0.045
0.720
4.6
0.3
MEDIAN
9.7
8.2
*44.
8.6
473.
0.041
0.007
0.020
0.025
0.700
0.045
0.720
4.6
0.3
RANGE
16.2
6.2
1010.
8.4
395.
0.071
0.019
0.130
0.060
1.100
0.190
1.230
4.2
0.2
- 16.3
6.2
- 1012.
8.5
- 465.
- 0.080
- 0.034
- 0.130
- 0.080
- 1.200
- 0.210
- 1.330
4.2
0.2
MEAN
16.2
6.2
1011.
8.5
430.
0.075
0.026
0.130
0.070
1.150
0.200
1.280
4.2
0.2
MEDIAN
16.2
6.2
1011.
8.5
430.
0.075
0.026
0.130
0.070
1.150
0.200
1.280
4.2
0.2
RANGE
15.1
7.6
783.
8.5
455.
0.057
0.008
0.120
0.020
0.800
0.140
0.920
4.8
******
- 15.1
7.6
- 783.
8.5
- 455.
- 0.057
. 0.008
- 0.120
- 0.020
- 0.800
- 0.140
- 0.920
4.8
_»«»»»•»«<
MEAN
15.1
7.6
783.
8.5
455.
0.057
0.008
0.120
0.020
0.800
0.140
0.920
4.8
»«»««««»•
MEDIAN
15.1
7.6
783.
8.5
455.
0.057
0.008
0.120
0.020
0.800
0.140
0.920
4.8
»»«««»«
-------
B. Biological characteristics:
1. Phytoplankton -
Sampling
Date
05/08/75
08/13/75
09/26/75
Chlorophyll
Sampling
Date
Dominant
Genera
1. Dactylococcopsis sp.
2. Chroomonas (?) sp.
Total
1. Schroederia sp.
2. Sphaerocystis sp.
3. Stephanodiscus sp.
Total
1. Schroederia sp.
2. Sphaerocystis s£.
3. Cryptomonas sp.
4. Aphanizomenon sp.
5. Euglena sp.
Total
Station
Number
Algal Units
per ml
2,732
102
2,834
154
61
31
246
72
48
24
24
24
192
Chlorophyll a,
(yg/D
05/08/75 1 4.6
08/13/75 1 4.2
09/26/75 1 4.8
C. Limiting Nutrient Study:
Significant nutrient changes occurred in the assay samples during
shipment from the field to the laboratory, and the results are not
considered representative of conditions in the lake at the times the
samples were collected (05/08/75 and 09/26/75).
-------
6
The lake data indicate nitrogen limitation in May and August and
phosphorus limitation in September (the mean inorganic nitrogen/ortho-
phosphorus ratios were 6/1, 8/1, and 18/1, respectively). However,
the lack of transparency (mean Secchi disc depth of 0.2 meters)
indicates the lake may be light-limited much of the time.
-------
V. LITERATURE REVIEWED
Ikner, James, 1975. Personal communication (lake morphometry).
U.S. Geol. Surv., Salt Lake City.
Sudweeks, Calvin k., 1975. Personal communication (lake morphometry).
UT Bur. of Env. Health, Salt Lake City.
-------
VI. APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LAKE RANKINGS
-------
LAKE OATA TO 8E USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
0408 LAKE POWELL
4904 BEAR LAKE
4903 LOWER BONN'S RESERVOIR
4903 DEER CREEK RESERVOIR
4904 ECHO RESERVOIR
49os LYNN RESERVOIR
4906 FISH LAKE
4907 HUNT1NGTON NORTH RESERVO
4908 JOE'S VALLEY RESERVOIR
4909 MINERSVILLE RESERVOIR
4910 MOON LAKE
4911 NAVAJO LAKE
49U NEWCASTLE RESERVOIR
4913 OTTER CREEK RESERVOIR
4914 PAN9UITCH LAKE
4915 PELICAN LAKE
4916 PINEVIEW RESERVOIR
4917 PIUTE RESERVOIR
4918 PORCUPINE RESERVOIR
4919 PRUESS RESERVOIR (GARRIS
4920 SEVIER BRIDGE RESERVOIR
4921 STARVATION RESERVOIR
4933 STEINAKER RESERVOIR
4923 TROPIC RESERVOIR
4924 UTAH LAKE
4925 UILLARO BAY RESERVOIR
5695 FLAMING GORGE RESERVOIR
MEDIAN
TOTAL P
0.010
0.011
0.031
0.038
0.047
0.121
0.023
0.013
0.012
0.192
o.ooa
0.016
0.051
0.067
0.071
0.044
0*028
0.047
0.025
0.057
0.026
0.016
0.011
0.021
0.132
0.044
0.011
MEDIAN
INORG N
0.410
0.040
C.040
0.215
0.170
0.200
0.040
0.040
0.045
0.060
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.0*0
0.300
0.150
0.110
0.140
0.3S5
0.040
0.040
0.050
0.320
0.060
0.690
500-
NEAN SEC
339.830
253.167
336.000
430.333
450.333
417.667
152.000
392. COO
400.000
445.000
381.000
368.000
428.667
453.667
426.500
438.900
435.063
482.625
440.000
491.000
449.778
394.583
316.750
425.000
490.583
457.182
285.636
MEAN
CHLORA
3.081
0.945
5.567
9.078
6.967
39.600
12.483
1.900
2.483
33.583
2.700
2.000
12.467
11.767
45.950
6.350
5.692
25.329
7.860
4.533
18.222
5.675
1.844
7.200
72.012
7.567
2.500
15-
MIN 00
83.800
9.200
9.400
14.800
14.000
10.400
10.400
7.800
11.200
8.600
9.600
6.000
13.600
10.600
14.200
8.400
14.600
11.600
12.400
8.800
12.400
13.200
12.600
8.400
11.400
11.000
10.400
MEDIAN
01SS OHTHO P
0.007
0.003
0.006
0.006
0.012
0.052
0.00*
0.005
0.003
0.107
0.002
0.003
0.009
0.033
.0.01C
0.004
0.006
0.007
0.011
0.006
0.008
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.012
0.009
0.003
-------
PERCENT OF LAKES KITH HIGHER VALUES 4NUMBER OF LAKES KITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
0408 LAKE POWELL
4901 BEAR LAKE
4902 LOWER BOWN*S RESERVOIR
4903 OEER CREEK RESERVOIR
4904 ECHO RESERVOIR
4905 LYNN RESERVOIR
4906 .FISH LAKE
4907 HUNT INOTON NORTH RESERVO
4908 JOE'S VALLEY RESERVOIR
4909 MINERSVILLt RESERVOIR
4910 MOON LAKE
4911 NAVAJO LAKE
4912 NEWCASTLE RESERVOIR
4913 OTTER CREEK RESERVOIR
4914 PAN«UITCH LAKE
49is PELICAN LAKE
4916 PlNEVIEW RCSEHVOif)
4917 PIUTE RESERVOIR
4918 PORCUPINE RESERVOIR
4919 PRUESS RESERVOIR
18)
6)
4)
3)
*)
13)
7)
15)
5)
14)
19)
22)
17)
1)
9)
23)
MEDIAN
INORG N
4 <
87 4
87 4
19 4
27 4
23 4
65 4
65 4
58 4
44 4
87 4
87 4
87 4
87 4
65 4
•4 (
18 (
31 <
38 4
35 4
8 4
87 4
87 4
SO 4
12 4
44 4
0 4
1)
19)
19)
5)
7)
6)
16)
16)
IS)
11)
19)
19)
19)
19)
16)
14)
41
8)
10)
9)
2)
19)
19)
13)
3)
11)
0)
500-
MEAN SEC
at 4 21)
96 4 25)
85 4 22)
42 4 11)
19 4 5)
58 4 IS)
100 4 26)
69 4 18)
62 4 16)
27 4 7)
73 4 19)
77 4 20)
46 4 12>
15 4 4)
SO 4 13)
3* ( *)
38 < 10)
8 4 2)
31 4 B)
0 4 0)
23 4 6>
65 4 17)
88 4 23)
54 4 14)
4 4 1)
12 4 3)
92 ' 24)
MEAN
CHLORA
73 4
100 4
65 4
35 4
50 4
B 4
23 4
92 4
85 (
12 4
77 4
88 4
27 4
31 4
4 4
•4 4
58 1
15 4
38 4
69 4
19 4
62 4
96 4
46 4
0 4
42 4
81 4
19)
26)
17)
9)
13)
2)
6)
24)
22) .
3)
20)
23)
7)
8)
1)
}4)
IS)
4)
10)
18)
5)
16)
25)
12)
0)
IP
21)
15-
MIN DO
15
77
73
0
12
62
62
96
46
as
69
100
19
54
a
90
4
38
33
81
33
23
27
90
42
50
62
! 4)
4 20)
4 191
4 0)
4 3)
4 15)
4 IS)
4 25)
4 12)
4 22)
4 18)
( 26)
4 5)
i 14)
4 2)
4 23)
( 1)
4 10)
4 8)
4 21)
4 8)
4 6)
4 7)
4 23)
( ID
< 13)
( IS)
MEDIAN
OISS ORTHO P
42 4
90 4
50 4
58 4
13 4
4 4
79 4
69 4
96 4
0 4
100 4
85 4
27 4
8 4
23 4
71 4
58 4
46 4
19 4
37 4
37 4
79 4
65 4
58 4
13 4
31 4
90 4
11)
23)
13)
14)
3)
1)
20)
18)
25 )
0)
26)
22)
7)
2)
6)
19)
14)
12)
5)
9)
9»
20)
17)
14)
3)
8)
23)
INDEX
NC
311
540
406
196
152
163
3*1
46B
42H
168
506
500
229
210
162
343
Z23
165
217
241
174
389
448
363
75
216
415
-------
<£S RANKED BY INDEX NOS.
XK LAKE CODE LAKE NAME INDEX NO
1 4901
Z 4911
3 4910
4 4907
5 4922
6 4908
7 5605
9 4902
9 4906
10 4921
1 1 4
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APPENDIX B
CONVERSION FACTORS
-------
CONVERSION FACTORS
Hectares x 2.471 * acres
Kilometers x 0.6214 = miles
Meters x 3.281 * feet
Cubic meters x 8.107 x 10"4 • acre/feet
Square kilometers x 0.3861 = square miles
Cubic meters/sec x 35.315 = cubic feet/sec
Centimeters x 0.3937 = inches
Kilograms x 2.205 * pounds
Kilograms/square kilometer x 5.711 - Ibs/square mile
-------
APPENDIX C
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 7b/06/12
491901
38 53 00.0 114 00 45.0 3
p*uESS RESERVOIR
49027 UTAH
150891
00010
DATE TIME DEPTH WATER
FROM OF TEMP
TO DAY FEET CENT
75/05/08 10 10 0000 9.7
10 10 0005 9.7
10 10 0010 9.6
75/08/13 07 10 0000 16.?
07 30 0004 16.3
75/09/26 10 00 0000 15.1
11EPALES
211
0014 FEET DEPTH CLASS
00300
DO
MG/L
8.0
8.2
8.2
6.2
6.2
7.6
00077
TSANSP
SECCnl
INCHES
12
6
00094
CNDUCTVr
FIELD
MICPOMHO
90S
953
944
1010
1012
783
00400
PH
su
8.65
8.65
8.65
8.45
8.50
8.50
00410
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
400
545
395
465
455
00610
NM3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.030
0.020
0.060
0.080
0.020
1202
00
00625
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
0.700
0.700
1.100
1.200
0.800
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.020
0.020
0.130
0.130
0.120
00671
PriOS-DIS
ORTHO
MG/L P
0.008
0.006
0.034
0.019
U.008
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 7f>/08/12
00665 32317
DATE TIME DEPTH PHOS-TOT CHLPPHYL
FROM OF A
TO DAY FEET MG/L "P UG/L
75/05/08 10 10 0000 <*.6
10 10 0005 0.0<*0
10 10 0010 0.043
75/08/13 07 30 0000 0.080 4.2
07 30 0004 0.071
75/09/a/j 10 00 0000 0.057 <».8
491901
38 53 00.0 114 00 45.0 3
PRJESS RESERVOIR (GARRISON)
44027 UTAH
150891
11EPALES 2111202
0014 FEET DEPTH CLASS 00
00031
INCOT LT
REMNING
PERCENT
------- |