EPA-560/6-76-022
EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDIES
ESTIMATION OF POPULATION
RESIDING NEAR VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE PLANTS
August 1976
FINAL REPORT
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF TOXIC SUBSTANCES
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460
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EPA-560/6-76-022
EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDIES
TASK IV - VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE
Environmental Health Hazards Project
American Public Health Association
EPA Contract No. 68-01-2490
EPA Project Officer: Joseph Seifter, M.D,
for
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Toxic Substances
4th and M Streets, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460
August 1976
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NOTICE
This report has been reviewed by the Office of Toxic Substances,
Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication.
Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily
reflect the views and policies of the Environmental Protection
Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products is
for purposes of clarity only and does not constitute endorsement
or recommendation for use.
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CONTENTS
SECTIONS
I. Summary 1
II. Source of Plants Surveyed 4
III. Source of Population Data 6
IV. Estimate Methodology 8
V. Results 12
VI. Comparison of Methodology in this
Report with that for Vinyl Chloride 17
VII. Reliability of the Estimates 18
VIII. References 19
APPENDIX
I. Plants Listed in the A.D. Little Report 20
II. Plants Included in the Present Report and
their Addresses 25
III. Structure of the Industry 27
IV. Sample Page from "Census Tract Reports-
Series PHC-1" 31
V. Example of a Tracted Area 32
VI. Sample Page from "General Population
Characteristics-Series PC-IB" 38
vn. Estimated Population by Age, Sex and
Distance from each Plant 39
VIII. Estimated Population by Direction and
Distance from each Plant 77
IX. Population in Tracted Areas 115
X. Population in Untracted Areas 116
XI. Population by State 117
XII. Population by Company 119
XIII. Cumulative Population by Plant 121
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Acknowledgements
The authors wish to thank Mr. Charles P. Brinkman, formerly
Chief, Demographic Statistics Branch, Population Division,
Bureau of the Census for his assistance. He reviewed the
text for accuracy in describing the data available at the
Bureau of the Census and the way it was used in this report.
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I. SUMMARY
The Population
In 1970 an estimated 3.6 million persons were living within
five miles of plants currently producing or processing
vinylidene chloride. The estimated number of persons living
at various distances from the plants are as follows:
Distance Estimated number
(miles) of persons
0-ij 48,739
'-i-1 136,100
1-3 1,304,316
3-5 2,084,240
Total 3,573,395
If the 38 plants on which this report is based are classified
according to the process stage in which vinylidene chloride
is involved, the estimated population around these plants is
as follows:
Estimated number
Process of persons
Monomer synthesis 88,936
Polymer synthesis 604,718
Fabrication 2,879,741
Total 3,573,395
This report is based primarily on the plants engaged in
producing or processing vinylidene chloride (VDC) as listed
in the April 1976 report (1) of Arthur D. Little, Inc. which
was produced under contract for the Environmental Protection
Agency, Control Systems Laboratory, Durham, North Carolina.
However, the original list of 40 plants was revised to 38
plants to reflect deletions due to discontinuation of production
or processing of vinylidene chloride as well as the addition
of new or omitted facilities. The geographic distribution
of these plants is shown in Figure 1.
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Methodology
The population in this report is underestimated slightly
because we have undoubtedly missed some of the minor plants
in the industry. However, every effort was made to include
all the major plants and all the minor plants that we could
identify.
The procedures selected for making the population estimates
for this report were defined objectively. When a choice of
procedures existed, preference was given to those methods
that include a minimum of subjective judgment and which can
be applied uniformly in all situations. It is felt that
anyone who follows the procedures used in this report will
arrive at approximately the same results.
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Figure 1. Geographic Distribution of Plants That Process Vinylidene Chloride
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II. SOURCE OF PLANTS SURVEYED
The Plants
The April 1976 report (1) of Arthur D. Little, Inc. produced
under contract for the Environmental Protection Agency,
Control Systems Laboratory, Durham, North Carolina, identifies
the major plants in the vinylidene chloride monomer, polymer
and polymer processing industries. Tables 1, 3, 6, 9, 13,
and 17 in that report list plants that produce or use vinylidene
chloride in various processes. These six tables are reproduced
in Appendix I of this report. The 40 plants listed in these
six tables form the base, with appropriate deletions and
additions, for the 38 plants used in this report. It is
these 38 plants, in 37 different locations, that we refer to
in the tables and discussion about the population residing
near all plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride.
Verification of Plants
Appendix II lists all the 38 plants included in the present
report, giving the address for each one. Each address is
that of the plant itself and not the front office. Unfortunately,
in many cases, especially in the less populous areas, the
address is not sufficiently descriptive to be of any significant
help in locating the plant.
Each of the 40 plants listed in Appendix I was telephoned to
check whether it is still in operation and producing or
processing vinylidene chloride as indicated in these tables.
Four plants that gave negative replies are not included in
Appendix II. During these calls, the plants were asked if
they knew of other plants that might be possibilities for
inclusion. Two additional plants for which this information
was confirmed to be correct are included in Appendix II.
Categories of Plants
In the Arthur D. Little report (1), it is estimated that
"VDC emissions in the synthesis of the VDC monomer and in
the synthesis of its polymers and their fabrication (coating
and extrusion), totaled about four million pounds in 1974".
An extimated 82.6 percent of these emissions resulted from
the monomer synthesis, 16.7 percent from the polymer synthesis,
and 0.7 percent from the fabrication and compounding processes.
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The 38 plants included in this report can be categorized
according to these three processes as follows:
No. of
Plants
1. Synthesis of vinylidene chloride monomer.... 3
2. Synthesis of vinylidene chloride polymers... 16
3. Fabrication using vinylidene chloride
polymers 1 9
Total 38
For each of the categories of plants, the A.D. Little report
(1) contains a brief summary on the structure of the industry.
These summaries are reproduced in Appendix III.
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III. SOURCE OF POPULATION DATA
Location of Plants in Tracted Areas
The more densely populated areas of the country have been
divided into "Census Tracts" by the Bureau of the Census.
The census tracts have been formed so as to contain an
average of 4,000 inhabitants each. Therefore, the tracts
tend to be geographically smaller in the center of large
cities and larger as one moves away from the center of the
city.
The Bureau of the Census has published a report for each
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area that has been divided
into census tracts. This series of publications, entitled
"Census Tracts-Series PHC-1" (2), contain a variety of
information by census tracts, including the population by
age and sex. The population data from a sample page of this
report are shown in Appendix IV.
Each of these reports also contains a map of the entire
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area showing the outline
and identification number for each census tract. We used
these publications to determine the population by age and
sex residing within each of the following four zones around
each individual plant: 0-1/2, 1/2-1, 1-3 and 3-5 miles.
The Bureau of the Census has also published a list of key
persons who can be contacted for information concerning each
of the tracted metropolitan areas. The name, title, office
and address of the person for each of the tracted areas is
in "Appendix C-List of Census Tract Key Persons" of the
Bureau of Census Publication entitled, "Census Tract Manual"
(3). The key person is most often the director of the city
or county planning agency.
Location of Plants in Untracted Areas
For the less densely populated areas of the country, that
have not been divided into census tracts, we used county
subdivisions, which are political or administrative subdivisions
of counties or subdivisions created by the Bureau of the
Census and for which there are published data on population.
For each State, the Bureau of the Census has presented the
population of the county subdivisions in their publication,
"Number of Inhabitants-Series PC-1A (4). Each volume includes
a map of the county subdivisions for that State, together
with their designations. We used these publications to
determine the population within a five mile radius of each
plant.
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For each plant that was located in an untracted area, its
location was plotted on the appropriate map of county
subdivisions. To locate the plant, a telephone call to the
town where each plant was located, or the nearest town to
it, would yield the distance and direction of the plant from
the nearest town. In each case, the plant location was not
used until it was independently obtained from two sources.
The best sources for such information were:
1. The Chamber of Commerce
2. The public library
3. The plant itself
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IV. ESTIMATE METHODOLOGY
Population Estimates for Tracted Areas
For each plant that was situated in a tracted area, the
Census Tract key person was telephoned to obtain the identification
number of the census tract in which the plant was located
and the location of the plant within the census tract. For
greater accuracy, we also asked in each case that the plant
be plotted on a census tract map and that a portion of the
may be photocopied and mailed to us. In a few cases, this
request was refused or the map was never received.
With this information, we plotted the location of the plant
on the census tract map published by the Bureau of the
Census in their "Census Tracts-Series PHC-1" reports (2).
After a plant was located on the census tract map, we then
defined the four zones by drawing four concentric circles
around the plant with radii of 1/2, 1, 3 and 5 miles. We
then listed the identification numbers of the census tracts
that were within 0-1/2, 1/2-1, 1-3 and 3-5 miles of the
plant. A census tract was listed only once, in the zone
which contained the greatest portion of its area. If most
of the area lay outside the 5 mile circle, a census tract
was not indued at all. Using the census tract identification
number, the population, by age and sex, was then obtained
for each Census Tract from the "Census Tracts" report and
totaled for each zone. These rules carry the implicit
assumption that the population is evenly distributed within
the area of a census tract. We assume that the errors
caused by this procedure will even out in the total population
for all plants, but not necessarily for each individual
plant, and especially not for the individual plants in the
less densely populated areas.
An exception to the above rule was made for census tracts
that had any part of their area within 1/2 mile of the plant
because there was less opportunity for errors to balance out
due to the small number of census tracts involved. These
census tracts were listed in each zone in which any portion
of their area lay and the percent of their area in each zone
was recorded to the nearest 10%. The population of each of
these census tract was then multiplied by these percents to
obtain the population estimate for each zone. This rule
also contains the implicit assumption of an even distribution
of the population within the census tract.
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In a very few instances, a census tract has been split by
the Bureau of the Census to reflect political boundaries and
the population data for it is presented separately for each
part and also together for the total of the two parts. In
all such cases, we treated it as a whole census tract and
ignored the split.
The age groups in the Census Bureau publications are more
detailed than used in this report so that age groups were
added together to obtain the data of this report. The
reverse was true in one case. The Bureau of the Census
population data is available for the age group "under 5"
and for the age group 3-4. To obtain the population estimates
for the age group "under 1", we subtracted the latter from
the former and divided by 3. The population estimate for
the age group 1-4 was then obtained by subtracting that for
"under 1" from that for "under 5".
Appendix V. shows the mapping procedures for an example of a
tracted area.
Population Estimates for Untracted Areas
After a plant was plotted on the appropriate map of county
subdivisions, we drew a circle around it with a five-mile
radius. Then we recorded the name and percentage of each
county subdivision that lay partly or wholly within this
circle. This again assumes an even geographic distribution
of the population which results in a random error in the
estimates which can be expected to even out in the total of
all plants.
We estimate these percentages rather than use the "all or
none" rule that we used for census tracts because the county
subdivisions are usually much larger areas than the census
tracts. This was an effort to reduce the amount of random
error that results from these estimation procedures.
Nevertheless, the random error in the population estimates
is undoubtedly larger for the untracted areas than it is for
the tracted areas. However, random errors tend to average
out for the total of all plants, and, more importantly, the
population in the untracted areas is much smaller than in
the tracted areas and therefore the errors for these areas
have a much smaller influence on the total.
Since we took a portion of the total population for many of
the county subdivisions, it was necessary to estimate an
age-sex distribution for each of these portions. There were
two choices of data on which to base these estimates. One
choice was to use the population by age and sex for the
county subdivisions which is unpublished but can be obtained
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from the Bureau of the Census. The other choice was to use
the population by age and sex for counties which is published
by the Bureau of the Census in "General Population
Characteristics-Series PC-1B" (5). There is one such
publication for each state. We chose the second method
because it could be done faster. A typical page from this
publication is reproduced in Appendix VI. The population
for the desired age-sex groups in the whole county was
obtained by addition of the more detailed age groups in the
table. These populations were then converted to percents
and these percents were applied to our estimate of the
population in the 5-mile zone in each county.
The maps of county subdivisions do not show enough detail to
try to estimate the population in each of the zones within
the 5 mile circle around each plant. Therefore, the population
for the 0-1/2, 1/2-1, 1-3 and 3-5 mile zones around the
plant were estimated by multiplying the final estimate for
each age-sex group by .011, .044, .346 and .599 respectively
which are the ratios of the population estimates for the
first group of plants in the tracted areas that were completed.
These are very close to .010, .030, .320 and .640 which are
the ratios of the areas defined by four concentric circles
with radii of 1/2, 1, 3 and 5 miles.
Direction from plant
In the tracted areas, the area in the five mile circle
around each plant was divided into the 16 compass directions
by drawing a set of lines, all running through the location
of the plant and 22-1/2 degrees apart, so as to determine
the boundaries of the 16 compass directions. For each
census tract, we estimated the percent of its area to the
nearest 10% that lay in each of the directions. Then, by
multiplying these percents by the total population in each
census tract, we got an estimate of the population in each
direction for each census tract. We then summed up the
estimated population in each of the directions of all the
census tracts in an entire zone to get the total estimated
population for that direction in that zone. This procedure
also assumes an even distribution of the population geographically.
In the cases where only a certain percentage of a census
tract was taken to lie in a given zone, the estimates of
percents for each of the directions were taken from only
that portion of the tract that lay in that zone. In the
cases where the entire census tract was taken to lie in one
zone even though part of it lay in other zones, the percent
for each direction were taken for the entire census tract.
10
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In the untracted areas, the area in the five mile circle
around each plant was divided into 16 compass directions the
same as for the plants in the tracted areas. For each
county subdivision, or part of one, that lay within the
five mile circle, we estimated the percent of area, to the
nearest 10%, that lay in each of the directions. Then, by
multiplying the percents by the estimated population within
the 5-mile circle we obtained the estimated population in
each direction for each whole or partial county subdivision.
We then summed up the estimated population in each of the
directions for all county subdivisions to get the total
estimated population for each direction.
The population for the 0-1/2, 1/2-1, 1-3 and 3-5 mile zones
around the plant were estimated by multiplying the final
estimate for each direction by .011, .044, .346 and .599
respectively.
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V. RESULTS
Population by age, sex, direction, and distance from plant
Table 1 presents the estimated population by age, sex and
distance from the plant for the total of all 38 plants
included in this report. The estimated population by age,
sex, and distance from each plant separately is presented in
Appendix VII. Appendix VIII presents the estimated population
by direction and distance from each plant separately.
Population by process stage
Of the 38 plants, 3 are engaged in the monomer synthesis
process, 16 in polymer synthesis and 19 in fabrication. The
population estimates for each of these processes separately
are presented in Tables 2, 3, and 4.
Population in Tracted and Untracted Areas
Of the total population of 3.6 million, 3.3 million, or 92%
reside in Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas that have
been divided into census tracts. The remaining 0.3 million
or 8% reside in the less populous untracted areas. Appendix
IX shows the population estimates for the 24 locations in
untracted areas. Appendix X shows the population estimates
for the 13 locations in untracted areas.
Population by State
The total population of 3.6 million is shown by state in
Appendix XI. „»
Population by Company
The total population of 3.6 million is shown by company in
Appendix XII.
Cumulative Population
Appendix XIII presents the cumulative population by plant.
It is seen that 58% of the population resides near four
plants.
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TABLE 1.
Estimated Population Residing Near Plants Producing or Processing
Vinylidene Chloride, by Age, Sex and Distance from Plant
Zone
(In miles)
o- y,
V4-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
48.739
136.100
1.304,316
2.084,240
3,573.395
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
393
1.155
12,226
19,289
33,063
F
385
1.133
11,891
18,713
32,122
1 to 4
M
1.543
4,629
47,700
76.669
130,541
F
1,519
4,507
46.059
74,274
126,359
5 to 14
M
3.987
12,915
122,484
203,666
343,052
F
3.953
12,705
119,370
197,914
333.942
15 to 44
M
10.484
28.406
259,100
432,547
730,537
F
12.030
30,497
275.505
445.044
763,076
45 to 64
M
4.599
12,385
129,519
200,062
346,565
F
5.073
14.347
145.680
217,815
382,915
65 and Over
M
1.959
5.382
55.585
81,578
144.504
F
2.814
8.039
79,197
116,669
206,719
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
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TABLE 2.
Estimated Population Residing Near Plants Engaged in the Synthesis of
Vinylidene Chloride Monomer, by Age, Sex and Distance from Plant
Zone
(In miles)
o-y,
54- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
315
1.035
17,356
70,230
88,936
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
3
11
161
676
851
F
3
11
164
630
808
1 to 4
M
14
44
665
2.627
3,350
F
13
43
681
2,475
3.212
5 to 14
M
37
126
2,103
7,504
9.770
F
37
123
2,101
7.118
9.379
15 to 44
M
59
191
3,439
14,159
17^48
F
66
215
3,697
15.294
19.272
45 to 64
M
29
91
1,594
6,845
8,559
F
28
92
1,604
7,311
9.035
65 and Over
M
10
35
480
2,270
2,795
F
16
53
667
3.321
4.057
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmy hdene chloride in August 1976.
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TABLE 3.
Estimated Population Residing Near Plants Engaged in the Synthesis of
Vmyhdene Chloride Polymers, by Age, Sex and Distance from Plant
Zone
(In miles)
o-y,
'A- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
11,114
34,091
221.966
337,547
604.718
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
99
302
1.978
3,119
5,498
F
92
290
1.957
3,028
5.367
1 to 4
M
390
1.162
7.692
12.399
21 ,643
F
370
1,125
7.569
12,001
21,065
5 to 14
M
1,030
3,176
22.802
37.571
64.579
F
1.017
3,022
22.049
35,716
61,804
15 to 44
M
2,471
7,955
46,401
70.308
127.135
F
2,555
7,587
49.305
73.674
133,121
45 to 64
M
953
3.045
20.229
32,105
56.332
F
1,132
3.483
22.735
33,393
60,743
65 and Over
M
373
1,170
7,565
9,706
18.814
F
632
1,774
11.684
14,527
28,617
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports The location and number of plants producing or processing vinyhdene chloride in August 1976.
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TABLE 4.
Estimated Population Residing Near Plants Engaged in Fabrication Using
Vinylidene Chloride Polymers, by Age, Sex and Distance from Plant
Zone
(In miles)
0-V4
%- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
37,310
100,974
1,064.994
1,676.463
2,879,741
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
291
842
10.087
15.494
26,714
F
290
832
9,770
15,055
25,947
1 to 4
M
1,139
3,423
39,343
61.643
105,548
F
1,136
3,339
37,809
59,798
102,082
5 to 14
M
2,920
9,613
97.579
158,591
268,703
F
2,899
9,560
95.220
155,080
262,759
15 to 44
M
7,954
20.260
209.260
348.080
585,554
F
9,409
22,695
222.503
356.076
610,683
45 to 64
M
3,617
9.249
107.696
161.112
281,674
F
3.913
10,772
121,341
177.111
313,137
65 and Over
M
1,576
4,177
47,540
69,602
122,895
F
2,166
6.212
66,846
98,821
174,045
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
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VI. COMPARISON OF METHODOLOGY IN THIS REPORT
WITH THAT FOR VINYL CHLORIDE
The procedures followed in this report were those developed
for a similar report (6) published in November 1975 wherein
we estimated the population residing near plants tht produce
vinyl chloride or vinyl chloride resins. In this section,
we shall list only the changes in methodology.
In telephoning the census tract key person, for this report,
we asked only for the identification number of the census
tract in which the plant was located and the location of the
plant within that tract. We did not ask them to list the
identification numbers of the census tracts within 0-1/2,
1/2-1, 1-3, and 3-5 miles of the plant. This had several
advantages:
1. The individuals were much more cooperative when we
asked for less work from them.
2. Our experience last time was that they often misunderstood
our rules and sometimes did a careless job so that we
had to re-do the job.
3. We could do just as good a job ourselves with maps.
4. Our rule this time was to select tracts by area alone
and not use any subjective judgment about the distribution
of the population within a tract. Therefore, with this
rule, there was no gain in accuracy in asking them to
do it.
We added an exception to the rule of allocating census
tracts to zones for the tracted areas. The exception is
that for all tracts that lie partly within the 0-1/2 mile
zone, we designated that percent of their area which lay in
each of the zones and allocated that percent of their
population to each zone. For untracted areas, we also
changed the rule of allocating entire county subdivisions to
be in or out of the 5 mile circle around the plant. The new
rule was to estimate the percent of each county subdivision
that lay within the 5 mile circle and to take that percent
of the population.
The above two changes in the rules means that the plants
that appear in both reports, that is, this report and the
1975 vinyl chloride report(6), will show somewhat different
populations. We believe that the present estimates, although
not necessarily better for any individual plant, will be
better for the total of all plants.
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VII. RELIABILITY OF THE ESTIMATES
In arriving at the population estimates presented in this
report there were some steps in the procedures where judgments
had to be made. In every case, an effort was made to make
the judgments on an objective basis so that any other person
making the same estimates would arrive at approximately the
same results.
These estimates were made using the best information currently
available. The most accurate method of determining the
population by distance would be a special enumeration of the
population such as the Bureau of the Census conducts for
governmental bodies. The resultant improvement in the
estimates would not seem to justify the costs involved.
The greatest reliability in our estimates is in the population
estimates for the 3-5 mile zone. The reliability of the
estimates decreases with decreasing distance from the plant.
This is because entire census tracts outside the 0-1/2 mile
zone were assigned to one zone, and there are fewer census
tracts for errors to balance out as one gets closer to the
plant.
In the less densely populated areas where the Bureau of the
Census county subdivisions were used because the smaller
census tracts were not available, it is difficult to attribute
direction to population groups with much precision. However,
this is the best that can be done with the data that are
readily available. To achieve greater precision, one would
have to survey these areas. This would increase the precision
of population estimates for individual locations but would
have very little effect on national totals because these
areas represent a very small percent of the total population
living near such plants.
Each plant was plotted as a point on a Census Bureau map,
either the map of census tracts or of the map of county
subdivisions. Therefore, it was not possible to distinguish
detail with respect to the area of the plant. This was, in
most cases, quite adequate for estimating the population
within 1/2, 1, 3, or 5 miles from a plant. However, for
certain plants that cover a larger area, this method may be
too crude for estimating the population within 1/2 or 1 mile
from the plant. No effort was made to identify such plants.
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VIII. REFERENCES
1. "Vinylidene Chloride Monomer Emissions from the Monomer,
Polymer, and Polymer Processing Industries," A.n. Little,
Inc., EPA Contract No. 68-02-1332, Task Order No. 13,
April 1976.
2. "Census Tracts - Series PHC-1", Bureau of the Census,
U.S. Department of Commerce, 1970.
3. "Census Tract Manual", Bureau of the Census, U.S.
Department of Commerce, 5th Edition, 1966.
4. "Number of Inhabitants - Series PC-1A", Bureau of the
Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1970.
5. "General Population Characteristics - Series PC-1B",
Bureau of the Census, U. S. Department of Commerce,
1970.
6. "Epidemiology Studies, Task III-Vinvl Chloride, "U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Publication No. 560/
6-75-002, November 1975.
19
-------
Appendix I. Plants Listed in the A.D. Little Report (1)
Appendix Table I-a. Estimated Production of Vinylidene
Chloride Monomer - 1974
Manufacturer Plant Location Production (MM Ibs)
1
PPG Industries Lake Charles, LA. 170 - 175
Dow Chemical
U.S.A. Freeport, TX 90 - 95
Plaquemine, LA.
Total Production: 260 - 270
Source; Industry and Arthur D. Little, Inc. estimates,
Reference (1), Pg. 11
1
About 155 MM Ib of VDC are used to manufacture 1,1,1-
Trichloroethane.
2
Dow plans to expand their capacity plant during 1975.
20
-------
Appendix Table I-b. Manufacturers of PVDC Latex
for Barrier Coatings
Manufacturer Plant Location
Dewey and Almy Chemical,
(Div. of Grace) Owensboro, KY
Morton Chemical Co., (Div.
of Morton-Norwich Products, Inc.) Ringwood, IL
BASF-Wyandotte S. Kearney, NJ
Staley Chemical (Div. of
A.E. Staley) Lemont, IL
Dow Chemical Midland, MI
2
DuPont Circleville, OH
2
Olin Pisgah Forest, NC
1
Polymers contain about 90% VDC and at least two other
monomers selected from acrylate esters, acrylic acid,
acrylonitrile. One manufacturer uses vinyl chloride as
the comonomer.
Captive producers.
21
-------
Appendix Table I-c. Manufacturers of PVDC Latex
for Miscellaneous Applications
Manufacturer Plant Location
Dow Chemical Midland, MI
Allans Pt., CT
Dalton, GA
Freeport, TX
Goodrich Chemical Avon Lake, OH
Rohm and Haas Knoxville, TN
Bristol, PA
Standard Brands Chemical Industries Cheswold, DL
Kensington, GA
National Starch & Chemical Corp. Meredosia, IL
Source; Industry
22
-------
Appendix Table I-d
Manufacturers of Synthetic Fibers Based on PVDC
Manufacturer Plant Location
Tennessee Eastman Kingsport, TN
Monsanto Decatur, AL
American Cyanamid Pensacola, FL
Appendix Table I-e
Manufacturers of PVDC-Coated Cellophane
Manufacturer Plant Location Age of Plant, Years
DuPont Richmond, VA 45
Clinton, IA 35
Tecumseh, KS 17
FMC Fredericksburg, VA 45
Marcus Hooks, PA 17
Olin Pisgah Forest, NC 24
Covington, IN 19
23
-------
Appendix Table I-f
Major Manufacturers of Extruded PVDC Products
Manufacturer
Cryovac
(Div. of W.R. Grace
and Co.)
Oscar Meyer
Dow Chemical
American Can Co.
Amtech, Inc.*
Union Carbide Corp.
Plant Location
Simpsonville, SC
Cedar Rapids, IA
Camarillo, CA
Iowa Park, TX
Madison, WI
Chicago, IL
Davenport, IA
Philadelphia, PA
Nashville, TN
Vernon, CA
Midland, MI
Cleveland, OH
Odenton, MD
Centerville, IA
Resin Type
Emulsion and
Suspension
Emulsion and
Suspension
Suspension
Emulsion
Suspension
Suspension
Source! A.D. Little, Inc. and industry contacts.
*Manufacture monofilament
24
-------
Appendix II
Plants Included in the Present Report and Their Addresses
American Can Co.
5300 Dobeckmun Street
Cleveland, OH
Amtech, Inc.
520 Telegraph Road
Odenton, MD
Cryovac Division
W.R. Grace and Co.
North Maple Street
Simpsonville, SC
Dewey & Almy Chemical Division
W.R. Grace and Co.
U.S. Route 60 East
Owensboro, KY
Dow Chemical Co.
Plaquemine, LA
Dow Chemical Co.
Freeport, TX
DuPont Co.
6000 S.E. 2nd Street
Tecumseh, KS
DuPont Co.
Jefferson Davis Highway
Richmond, VA
FMC Corp.
Post Road
Marcus Hook, PA
B.F. Goodrich Chemical Co.
Moore and Walker Road
Avon Lake, OH
Monsanto Co.
Courtland Highway West
Decatur, AL
American Cyanimid Co.
Pace, FL
Cryovac Division
W.K. Grace and Co.
1125 Wilson Avenue, S.W.
Cedar Rapids, IA
Cryovac Division
W.R. Grace and Co.
West Magnolia Street
Iowa Park, TX
Dow Chemical Co.
1468 Prosser Drive, S.E.
Dalton, GA
Dow Chemical Co.
Midland, MI
DuPont Co.
Highway 67
Clinton, IA
DuPont Co.
DuPont Road
Circleville, OH
Eastman Chemical Products, Inc,
Eastman Road
Kingsport, TN
FMC Corp.
^redericksburg, VA
Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Co.
State Docks Road
Decatur, AL
Morton Chemical Co.
Barnard Mill Road
Ringwood, IL
25
-------
National Starch and Chemical Corp. Olin Corp.
Meredosia, IL Covington, IN
Olin Corp.
Pisgah Forest,
NC
Oscar Meyer and Company
1241 N. Sedgewick Street
Chicago, IL
Oscar Meyer and Co.
3333 S. Front Street
Philadelphia, PA
Oscar Meyer and Co.
Highway 75 South
Sherman, TX
PPG Industries, Inc.
Columbia Southern Road
Lake Charles, LA
Rohm and Haas,
Route 413
Bristol, PA
Inc.
A.E. Staley Manufacturing Co.
Old Joliet and Chicago Roads
Lemont, IL
Oscar Meyer and Co.
3301 E. Vernon Avenue
Vernon, CA
Oscar Meyer and Company
1337 West 2nd Street
Davenport, IA
Oscar Meyer and Co.
400 Cartwright Street
Goodlettsville, TN
Oscar Meyer and Co.
910 Mayer Avenue
Madison, WI
Reichhold Polymers, Inc.
Cheswold, DE
Rohm and Haas, Inc.
730 Dale Avenue
Knoxville, TN
Union Carbide Corp.
24th and O'Neal Streets
Centerville, IA
26
-------
Appendix III. Structure of the Industry
1. Monomer Synthesis
"Vinylidene chloride is produced commercially in the
United States by Dow Chemical and PPG Industries.
Vulcan Materials was formerly a producer, but halted
production on January 1, 1974, after manufacturing
vinylidene chloride for about three years.
"Three plants manufacture vinylidene chloride in the
U.S.A. ------ Because vinylidene chloride manufacture
is limited to only two producers, production statistics
are not readily available. Consequently, our estimates
were based on an analysis of the consumption of vinylidene
chloride in various conversions, and an analysis of the
consumption of chlorine in the manufacture of VDC.
Although PPG Industries manufactures more vinylidene
chloride than Dow Chemical, most of PPG's VDC is used
captively to yield methychloroform (see Equation 1).
(1) CH =CC1 +HC1 —^ CH CC1
22 33
"PPG Industries produces about 175 million Ibs. of VDC
annually, and 85% to 90% is used captively to manufacture
methylchoroform. The remainder is sold into the merchant
market, where it is used by ploymer producers.
"Dow Chemical also uses most of its VDC production
captively. We estimate Dow's total production (captive
and merchant) was about 90-95 million Ibs. in 1974.
Dow uses VDC to produce a variety of VDC copolymers
and sells about 20-25 million Ibs.
annually into the merchant market for polymer synthesis.
PPG Industries probably also sells about 20-25 million
Ibs of VDC annually. Thus, the total merchant market
for VDC monomer is about 40-50 million Ibs. per year.
"_______ the annual production of VDC in 1974 was
260-270 million Ibs. According to information provided
to us by the Louisiana Air Quality Commission, Dow
Chemical plans to expand their VDC capacity facility
sometime during 1975."
2. Polymerization process: PVDC Latex for Barrier Coatings
"In 1974, about 20-22 million pounds of PVDC (on a dry
solids basis) were produced as barrier coating latices.
27
-------
Dewey and Almy Chemical (Division of Grace) dominates
this market. Alone, they account for 50-60% of the
merchant market. Morton Chemical Co. (Division of
Morton Norwich) is No. 2 in the industry. They account
for 18-20% of the merchant market. The remaining
merchant production is approximately equally divided
between BASF-Wyandotte, Dow Chemical, and Staley
Chemical. ------ Recall that Dow was also cited
as a monomer producer. These producers sell primarily
to members of the packaging industry who manufacture
PVDC-coated film (polyethylene polyester, polypropylene
and nylon) and PVDC-coated glassine, paper and paperboard.
"In addition to these merchant producers, others manufacture
and use the latex captively, as exemplified by DuPont
and 01in. DuPont uses its latex to coat polyester
(Mylar) film (they make several copolymer products),
and Olin uses its latex to coat polyethylene, qlassine,
and other plastic films. These captive operations are
small. In 1974, about 1-1.5 million pounds (dry basis)
of PVDC barrier-coating latex was produced captively.
"Because the market for PVDC barrier-coating latex has
shown little growth during the past several years, most
of the producers have idle capacity. The plants vary
in age, some are 20 years old, but most are about 10
years old. Dewey and Almy had manufactured PVDC latex
in two locations—Acton, Mass, and Owensboro, Ky.; but
the Acton plant, which was the older one, was closed
three years ago. The Owensboro plant was expanded four
years ago."
3. Polymerization process: PVDC Latex for Miscellaneous
Applications
"Because some manufacturers may use very small amounts
of VDC in a particular copolymer, any list of manufacturers
who use VDC in this miscellaneous category could be
incomplete. A number of companies have used VDC in the
past but are currently non-users, e.g., Borden Chemical.
Borden was a consumer of VDC about six years ago. Both
Glidden-Durkee (Division of SCM Corporation) and C5AF
Corporation have considered the use of VDC in their
copolymers but, at this time, they do not use this
monomer.
"We have estimated that in 1974 about 15 million Ibs.
of VDC were used to manufacture latices for miscellaneous
applications other than barrier coatings. We believe
that Dow Chemical is the major manufacturer in this
28
-------
category. They could account for about 50% of this
market. Standard Brands is another major user, and
Goodrich Chemical, Rohm and Haas, and National Starch
are minor VDC consumers. ------
"In 1974, Dow Chemical introduced three new latices,
specifically for the carpet-backing market. They were
designed for double jute lamination of tufted carpets.
These latices contain at least 50% polymerized VDC and
some contain more. The comonmers are butadiene and
styrene. The latices have about 47-48% solids. These
products are manufactured in four locations.
"Standard Brands makes a similar line of products.
Standard Brands also manufactures latices containing
PVDC for coating paper and textiles, and they sell a
PVDC Latex for adhesive applications.
"Goodrich Chemical manufactures three types of PVDC
latices. The comonomers are vinyl chloride and acrylates.
One polymer series contains about 25% polymerized VDC
and others contain 60% and 80% polymerized VDC. These
latices have a solids content of about 45-50% and are
used as flame-resistant coatings.
"Rohm and Haas makes products that are similar to those
manufactured by Goodrich, but Rohm and Haas does not
use vinyl chloride as the comonomer. In the past, Rohm
and Haas manufactured only two types of PVDC polymers.
One contains about 50% polymerized VDC and is used as a
back coating for fabrics in automotive applications,
and the other contains more than 50% polymerized VDC
and is used primarily as a flame-resistant binder.
Early in 1975, Rohm and Haas introduced a new latex,
which contains more than 50% polymerized VDC. It is
being sold for spray applications for non-wovens and
fibers. These products have a solids content of about
45%.
"National Starch makes two latices that contain VDC.
The comonomers are vinyl acetate and various acrylates.
One latex contains 50% polymerized VDC and another 70%
polymerized VDC. This manufacturer also sells a PVDC
product in solution form, which contains about 10%
polymerized VDC. These products, too, are used for
flame-resistant coatings and saturants."
29
-------
4. Polymerization Process: PVDC Synthetic Fibers
"About 16 million pounds of VDC were used to manufacture
synthetic fibers in 1974. Only three companies are
involved in this activity, ------. Tennessee
Eastman is by far the major producer, followed by
Monsanto and American Cyanamid. The Tennessee Eastman
product is called VEREL, and Monsanto's product is
called ACRILAN. Monsanto1s-modacrylic fiber is based
on a polymer that contains not only VDC to improve
flame resistance but also vinyl bromide."
5. Fabrication: PVDC-Coated Cellophane
"Only three companies manufacture cellophane: DuPont,
FMC, and Olin. Dupont accounts for about 50% of the
market, FMC about 30%, and Olin about 20%. Each of
these companies manufactures PVDC-coated cellophane,
some more than others. ------ Note that most
plants in this industry are relatively old. The two
newest ones are operated by DuPont (Tecumseh, KS) and
FMC (Marcus Hook, PA). The largest cellophane plants
have a capacity of 200,000 Ibs./day or 80 million
Ibs./year, and the small ones produce about half this
amount."
6. Fabrication: Extruded PVDC Products
"For the most part, the thermoplastic PVDC resin is
used in extrusion processes by six companies. Amtech
is the only one that extrudes PVDC monofilament. The
others manufacture a variety of PVDC film products.
Cryovac is the major consumer of the extrusion resin
(mostly the emulsion type) and Oscar Meyer is Number 2
(Mostly the suspension type). ------
"Cryovac uses PVDC in coextrusion and in laminate
constructions. It is not only a PVDC fabricator but it
converts the resulting film into bags and sheets, and
prints. Most of Cryovac's output is sold to packagers.
Oscar Meyer, on the other hand, is both fabricator-
converter and packager, whereas American Can Co. and
Union Carbide Corp. sell their product to packagers.
Dow Chemical is a monomer and resin producer as well as
fabricator-converter.
"We estimate that about 45 million pounds of PVDC
resins was extruded in 1974, including a few million
pounds that was supplied by a foreign resin supplier.
We believe that only one fabricator uses this foreign
source. Approximately equal volumes of the suspension
and emulsion resins were used by the manufacturers - -
30
-------
Table P-l. General Characteristics of the Population: 1970—Continued
IFor minimum bou for derived figures (percent median, etc) end meaning of lymboli. see text]
RACE
UperiMi
White .._.........._
Negro
Percent Negro _ _
AGE BY SEX
Md> •••ff.n
Under 5 years
10 to 14 years
U years
IS to 19 years
ISyeors
17 ytori
18 yean
19 yean
21 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years _ . . . _
45 to 54 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 to 74 years ...
feufe. •••fn
Under 5 years
5 to 9 years ... ... .
10 to U years
ISto 19 years
15 years
16 years
21 years
25 to 34 years - - ... . . ...
35 to 44 years. . _ . .
45 to 54 years - ..
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 to 74 years
Cleveland -Con
Tract
1042
1 600
1 560
1
01
761
77
31
79
10
24
58
9
67
15
16
15
6
IS
67
II
II
105
69
89
47
36
51
36
ll«
71
25
75
18
20
83
17
50
11
5
13
10
II
92
16
22
82
84
98
47
39
53
45
Tract
104299
11
31
11
2
1
3
12
5
5
3
1
Tract
1043
i in
2 674
119
42
1 404
206
71
175
45
35
179
33
109
27
20
23
22
17
98
22
19
153
127
161
57
54
50
35
1 411
171
76
161
35
30
152
24
128
32
25
19
26
26
146
28
26
158
148
137
S3
40
50
74
Tract
1044
1 10S
1 083
2
02
Ml
S3
23
58
15
11
59
7
35
5
6
11
8
5
52
13
6
68
57
79
22
15
31
19
»7
41
12
40
10
7
58
13
55
12
II
9
II
12
59
7
17
45
73
66
31
25
43
21
Tract
1045
1 711
1 715
US
102
40
94
21
24
90
16
73
10
19
16
19
9
56
11
7
85
83
93
55
35
34
35
191
78
35
81
19
20
81
21
70
10
13
17
14
16
75
18
12
92
74
113
77
37
58
57
Tract
1046
1 7SI
1 775
III
96
38
80
14
21
67
10
73
14
13
17
15
14
90
19
20
94
96
100
29
33
46
25
919
103
44
87
12
IB
64
15
79
18
12
17
16
16
87
21
16
124
74
118
56
42
50
45
Trod
1047
1 IK
2 891
403
122
1 S97
204
86
199
45
31
216
36
162
33
33
34
27
35
129
25
21
145
137
162
88
54
48
53
1 719
165
68
204
41
45
182
44
164
37
32
35
31
29
136
26
29
205
148
201
75
52
101
86
Tract
104799
40
40
40
6
9
11
4
7
2
1
Tract
1048
1 119
2 793
7
02
1 191
138
58
145
29
28
137
16
127
28
25
26
17
31
131
18
28
172
140
167
91
53
50
42
1 416
155
64
136
24
31
136
37
144
35
21
28
24
36
147
29
41
144
136
175
78
39
81
55
Tract
1049
S 000
4 972
2
t 191
213
83
222
39
33
265
44
190
41
49
27
42
31
176
27
39
303
249
274
142
103
148
106
1 609
221
87
220
36
53
207
37
215
50
44
50
32
39
243
43
50
286
261
319
135
147
196
159
Tract
1051
1 III
3 773
1 IM
207
80
151
36
30
144
30
134
27
26
37
20
24
151
25
26
264
167
177
114
100
126
71
1 976
188
74
180
34
35
152
30
143
31
16
25
31
40
168
33
38
246
151
254
140
102
158
94
Tract
1052
1 191
1 392
649
62
25
66
16
13
57
12
51'
15
13
8
4
II
51 -
4
5
94 .
66 -
81
37
25
38
21
746
1 74
22
60
16
9
71
11
69
18
12
13
12
14
85
7
19
69
72
89
33
27
55
42
Tract
1053
4 141
4 230
1 (96
192
68
216
44
40
198
34
166
34
29
36
39
28
154
22
28
244
220
231
119
80
107
69
1 147
158
53
208
37
42
218
42
211
37
42
50
38
44
182
39
34
273
191
2/1
131
104
162
138
Tract
1054
S 111
5 115
1 416
253
115
272
59
67
242
37
192
44
43
30
39
36
188
35
34
333
249
282
114
105
143
83
1 67J
252
101
256
53
53
231
50
205.
39
53
31
49
33
239-
49
64
332-
251-
281
134
141
197
156
Tract
10S5
1 Ml
2 782
1 IM
105
39
133
27
25
151
29
102
21
22
22
22
IS
99
16
16
179
141
185
79
40
90
50
1 449
131
50
116
19
26
128
21
107
22
19
24
20
22
135
21
24
177
138
173
77
68
113
86
Appendix IV
Sample of Page from "Census Tracts-Series PHC-1"
-------
Appendix V. Example of a Tracted Area
A typical example of the mapping procedure followed is the
case for Cleveland, Ohio. The plant is located in census
tract 1052 and its exact location within the tract is indicated
in Appendix Figure V-a, which is the map mailed to us by the
Regional Planning Commission for Cuyahoga County, Ohio. The
appropriate portions of the census tract maps for the Cleveland
Stpnifard Metropolitan Area are shown in Appendix Figures V-b,
v-c, V-d and V-e.
The plant and the four concentric circles were plotted on
the map shown in Appendix Figure V-b in order to see how
many of the inset maps the area extends into. The plant,
the four concentric circles, and the sixteen direction lines
were then plotted on each of the inset maps as shown in
Appendix Figures V-c, V-d, and V-e. It should be noted that the
scale varies from map to map.
32
-------
CENSUS TRACTS
OJ
REGIONAL PLANNING COMMISSION
Appendix Figure V-a
Location of Plant Indicated by Regional Planning Commission
-------
4020
SEE INSETB
Hincklev p p
Twp
I
4001
Appendix Figure V-b
Map of Census Tracts, Bureau of the Census
-------
INSET A - CLEVELAN/AliO VICINITY
Appendix Figure V-C
Inset A to Map of Census Tracts, Bureau of the Census
\
-------
1 mi
UGHTS I
r-' 1852 ) 1702
UNIVERSITY)
HEIGHTS I
1871.021
r
INSET C - EASTERN CUYAHOGA COUNTY
2 MILES
_l
i C ""I Cenjui of Population and Homing
CENSUS TRACTS
CLEVELAND. OHIO
STANDARD METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREA
Final Report PHCI1I-45
1 Of 2
Appendix Figure V-d
Inset C to Map of Census Tracts, Bureau of the Census
-------
5 mile
U)
ile
1 mile
153101x^531.02-
.j*^—fAi'viEwx""^
PAH* f ^~
INSET D - WESTERN CUYAHOGA COUNTY
Appendix Figure V- e
Inset D to Map of Census Tracts, Bureau of the Census
-------
Table 35. Age by Race and Sex, for Counties: 1970-Continued
[Far minimum base lor derived figures (percent, median etc ) and meaning of symbols see text)
CO
Counties
Under 1 year
...........
2 years ..........
3 years ..........
4 years ....... __.
5 years ..........
6 years. .........
7 years _____ .....
8 years. .........
9 years — .......
10 years .........
II years .........
12 years ____ . _____
13 years .........
U years .........
15 years .........
16 years ....... _..
17 years .........
IB years ........
19 years .........
20 years .........
21 years and over.
Under 5 years ____
5 to 9 years ......
10 to U years....
15lo 19 years ____
20 to 24 years ----
25 to 29 years....
30 to 34 years....
35 to 39 years....
40 to 44 years ____
45 to 49 years....
50 to 54 years....
55 to 59 years....
60 to 64 years ----
65 to 69 years ____
70 to 74 years. ..
75 to 79 years ----
80 to 84 years ----
85 years and over.,
Under 18 years —
62 years and over..
65 years and over.,
Median age ......
1970 population
All races
Tatal Mole Female
644 991 101 611 141 114
10 398 S 349 5 049
10 317 S 223 094
9 708 4 919 789
10 035 5 108 927
10 627 5 359 268
1 1 466 5 837 629
12 099 6 179 920
12 213 6 251 962
12 629 6 368 261
12 754 6 527 227
13 747 7 010 737
13 468 6 738 730
13 750 6 971 779
13 710 6 967 743
14 086 7 150 936
14 000 7 006 994
13 377 6 722 655
12 935 6 420 515
11 712 5 723 989
10 351 4 817 534
10 008 4 299 709
391 601 176 714 214 887
il 085 25 958 25 127
61 161 31 162 29 999
68 761 34 836 33 925
62 375 30 688 31 687
47 359 20 949 26 410
39 901 18 910 20 991
35 169 16 255 18 914
35 226 16 181 19 045
40 301 18 581 21 720
39 815 18 602 21 213
35 979 16 832 19 147
33 428 IS 469 17 959
29 480 13 230 16 250
24 716 10 602 14 114
17 447 7 123 10 324
11 439 4 297 7 142
6 697 2 364 4 333
4 652 1 618 3 034
221 319 112 104 109 215
82 007 33 634 48 373
64 951 26 004 38 947
29 0 27 2 30 7
White
Male Female
JEFFERSON
107 906 M9 527
3 490 3 222
3 428 3 269
3 178 3 018
3 240 3 091
3 318 3 246
3 760 3 502
3 886 3 701
3 922 3 638
061 3 951
107 3 867
354 4 028
187 137
343 146
316 040
419 120
300 222
131 4 04S
021 3 935
3 595 3 627
3 050 3 428
2 777 3 701
128 023 151 593
16 654 15 846
19 736 IB 659
21 619 20 471
19 097 19 257
14 602 IB 481
14 660 15 588
12 528 13 680
12 210 13 493
14 017 15 256
14 034 15 131
12 308 13 523
10 696 12 268
8 941 II 048
6 768 9 307
4 589 7 075
2 853 5 155
1 576 3 183
1 OIB 2 106
70 461 67 178
21 950 33 207
16 804 26 826
292 324
Negro
Male Female
95 111 111 111
1 853 1 815
1 788 1 816
1 732 1 764
1 858 1 829
2 038 2 017
2 070 2 119
2 284 2 205
2 317 2 318
2 293 2 303
2 409 2 35J
2 645 2 694
2 544 2 585
2 619 2 626
2 640 2 697
2 723 2 809
2 699 2 764
2 583 2 602
2 393 2 569
2 119 2 353
1 758 2 098
1 516 1 999
48 352 62 896
9 269 \ 241
II 373 11 298
13 171 13 411
II 552 12 386
6 303 7 882
4 216 S 347
3 678 S 184
3 933 5 519
4 538 6 417
4 537 6 047
4 504 5 600
4 753 5 671
4 274 S 187
3 818 4 777
2 518 3 233
1 434 1 973
775 1 141
587 917
41 488 41 885
II 610 IS 075
9 132 12 041
21 8 26 3
I960
popula-
tion
614 164
14 767
15 213
14 902
14 821
14 844
14 815
14 404
14 128
13 591
13 270
13 346
13 088
13 514
12 889
10 114
10 244
10 302
10 333
8 479
7 709
7 612
372 479
74 547
70 208
62 9S1
47 067
38 099
39 312
43 795
43 767
40 403
38 750
34 098
30 028
23 090
19 509
13 801
8 779
4 119
2 541
238 585
62 603
48 749
281
1970 population
AI races
Tola! Male Female
14 135 6 911 7 411
274 144 130
244 IIS 129
197 111 86
259 131 128
248 133 115
226 1 19 107
222 122 100
277 141 136
247 122 125
244 112 132
270 134 136
286 152 134
262 112 150
253 144 109
285 133 152
276 150 126
250 118 132
304 165 139
244 10B 138
219 105 114
191 89 102
9 055 4 262 4 793
1 222 634 588
1 216 616 600
1 356 675 681
1 295 646 649
962 439 523
856 442 414
798 396 402
764 376 388
774 360 414
780 348 432
802 387 415
789 382 407
839 394 445
673 301 372
513 239 274
362 143 219
206 95 111
128 49 79
4 624 2 358 2 266
2 372 1 051 1 321
1 882 827 1 055
31 6 30 1 33 1
White
Mole Female
IAMAR
S 961 6 401
107 101
89 104
88 74
109 107
111 94
99 89
91 84
113 112
102 106
93 109
109 104
131 112
n 130
115 89
109 120
129 100
102 111
135 116
83 105
82 90
77 85
3 797 4 261
504 480
498 500
556 555
531 522
379 450
400 370
356 347
341 352
318 362
315 387
346 376
336 364
350 388
267 333
213 243
130 202
80 101
43 71
1 924 1 8*2
934 1 177
733 950
316 347
Negro
Male Female
9S1 1 001
37 28
26 25
23 12
22 21
22 21
19 18
31 16
28 24
20 19
IP 23
25 32
21 22
20 20
29 19
24 32
21 26
16 21
30 23
25 33
23 24
12 17
460 526
130 107
117 100
119 125
115 127
59 72
42 43
38 53
35 36
42 52
33 45
40 38
46 43
43 56
34 39
26 31
13 17
15 10
6 8
433 402
116 143
94 105
19 8 22 9
I960
papula
inn
14 171
287
284
281
260
269
277
265
291
268
306
292
313
338
329
271
270
285
300
204
180
171
8 530
1 381
1 407
1 543
1 239
798
762
782
806
845
884
896
767
597
558
454
308
146
98
S 186
1 922
1 564
300
Appendix VI
Sample of Page from "General Population Characteristics-Series PC-IB"
-------
Appendix VII
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE BY AGE AND SEX
39
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
ALABAMA
Decatur
Monsanto Co.
Minnesota Mining &
Manufacturing Co.
0- 'A
Vi-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
423
1.690
13.293
23.012
38.418
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
4
17
133
230
384
F
4
17
133
230
384
1 to 4
M
16
68
532
921
1,537
F
16
68
532
921
1.537
5 to 14
M
46
186
1.463
2.531
4.226
F
44
170
1.336
2.313
3.863
15 to 44
M
89
353
2.784
4.820
8,046
F
89
353
2,784
4,820
8.046
45 to 64
M
39
152
1,196
2,071
3.458
F
42
169
1.329
2.301
3.841
65 and Over
M
13
52
406
703
1,174
F
21
85
665
1.151
1.922
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
distance from plant
(In miles)
CALIFORNIA
Vernon
Oscar Meyer & Co.
0- 14
14- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
53
209
149.329
349.739
499.330
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
1
3
1,787
3,906
5,697
F
1
3
1.774
3.863
5.641
1 to 4
M
3
13
6.772
15.319
22.107
F
2
10
6.467
15,241
21,720
5 to 14
M
4
18
14.614
34.844
49.480
F
4
14
14,702
34,758
49.478
15 to 44
M
16
63
29.097
71,670
100.846
F
9
37
30,810
70,395
101.251
45 to 64
M
4
15
12.517
32.654
45.190
F
4
16
15.202
34.352
49.574
65 and Over
M
2
6
6.107
14.556
20.671
F
3
11
9.480
18.181
27.675
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMS A Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
DELAWARE
Cheswold
Reichhold Polymers, Inc
0- V4
V4-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
260
1.040
8,182
14,165
23,647
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
3
10
82
141
236
F
3
10
82
141
236
1 to 4
M
9
43
327
567
946
F
10
42
327
567
946
5 to 14
M
29
114
900
1.558
2.601
F
29
114
900
1,558
2.601
15 to 44
M
60
239
1.882
3,259
5,440
F
57
229
1,800
3,116
5.202
45 to 64
M
21
83
655
1.133
1.892
F
21
83
655
1.133
1.892
65 and Over
M
8
31
245
425
709
F
10
42
327
567
946
to
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
FLORIDA
Pace
American Cyammid Co
O-'A
V4- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
0
0
2.121
2.828
4.949
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
.
.
21
28
49
F
.
.
17
22
39
1 to 4
M
.
-
79
105
184
F
.
.
75
100
175
5 to 14
M
.
-
247
330
577
F
.
-
234
312
546
15 to 44
M
.
-
463
617
1.080
F
.
-
483
644
f
1.127
451064
M
.
-
167
222
389
F
-
-
184
246
430
65 and Over
M
-
•
69
92
161
F
-
-
82
110
192
U>
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
distance from plant
(In miles)
GEORGIA
Dal ton
Dow Chemical Co.
0-V4
V4-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Tnral
M+F
128
513
4.032
6.981
11.654
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
1
6
40
70
117
F
1
6
40
70
117
1 to 4
M
5
20
161
278
464
F
5
20
161
278
464
5 to 14
M
14
55
433
749
1,251
F
13
51
403
698
1.165
15 to 44
M
27
106
835
1.446
2.414
F
29
114
904
1.565
2.612
45 to 64
M
12
48
374
648
1.082
F
12
48
375
650
1.085
65 and Over
M
4
17
133
230
384
F
5
22
173
299
499
'Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
ILLINOIS
Chicago
Oscar Meyer & Co.
0-54
14- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
17.937
39.348
132.512
312.409
502,206
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
111
280
1.123
3.011
4.525
F
107
299
1.008
3,015
4.429
1 to 4
M
426
1.186
4.048
12,161
17.821
F
422
1,226
3,781
11.711
17.140
5 to 14
M
1.130
3.777
8.731
30.562
44.200
F
1,186
3,842
8,478
30.075
43,581
15 to 44
M
4,239
8.000
29.232
63.863
105.334
F
5.332
9.915
28.823
67.018
111.088
45 to 64
M
1.612
3.004
15,872
28.744
49.232
F
1,668
3,785
14,676
31,473
51.602
65 and Over
M
735
1.579
7,565
12.876
22.755
F
969
2.455
9,175
17,900
30.499
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinyhdene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
ILLINOIS
Lemont
A E. Staley Manufacturing Co
0-!4
X- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M-t-F
647
647
13.514
23.953
38,761
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
5
5
118
261
389
F
5
5
130
252
392
1 to 4
M
23
23
527
1.105
1,678
F
21
21
545
1.054
1.641
5 to 14
M
71
71
2,137
2.927
5.206
F
66
66
2.086
2.906
5,124
15 to 44
M
129
129
2,885
5.803
8.946
F
122
122
2.977
5,244
8.465
45 to 64
M
66
66
903
1,868
2,903
F
65
65
760
1,639
2.529
65 and Over
M
27
27
167
365
586
F
47
47
279
529
902
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
ILLINOIS
Meredosia
National Starch & Chemical
Corp
0-V4
'A- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
34
134
1,057
1,829
3,054
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
-
1
11
18
30
F
-
1
11
18
30
1 to 4
M
1
4
31
54
90
F
1
4
31
54
90
5 to 14
M
3
12
99
171
285
F
3
12
99
171
285
15 to 44
M
6
24
186
322
538
F
7
25
198
342
572
45to64
M
4
14
112
193
323
F
4
15
115
200
334
65 and Over
M
2
9
69
120
200
F
3
13
95
166
277
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
ILLINOIS
Ringwood
Morton Chemical Co.
0-V4
54-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
0
2.299
11.985
13.609
27.893
Under 1
M
_
19
103
115
237
F
.
18
91
103
212
AGE (in years)
1 to 4
M
83
427
494
1.004
F
77
404
443
924
5 to 14
M
266
1,383
1,631
3.280
F
242
1.266
1.476
2.984
15 to 44
M
416
2.149
2.504
5.069
F
436
2.281
2.579
5,296
45 to 64
M
231
1.216
1,366
2,813
F
253
1,328
1,447
3,028
65 and Over
M
120
619
678
1.417
F
138
718
773
1.629
GO
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
INDIANA
Covington
Olin Corp
0- K
VS-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
49
196
1.538
2.662
4.445
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
.
2
15
27
44
F
1
2
15
26
44
1 to 4
M
2
7
57
99
165
F
1
6
46
81
134
5 to 14
M
5
20
154
266
445
F
5
20
154
266
445
15 to 44
M
9
37
288
499
833
F
9
37
291
503
840
45 to 64
M
5
20
156
269
450
F
5
21
169
293
488
65 and Over
M
3
10
81
140
234
F
4
14
112
193
323
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
IOWA
Cedar Rapids
Cryovac Division
0-54
VS-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
..
1
Total
M+F
2,766
5,270
40,651
56,854
105,541
Under 1
M
27
51
379
537
994
F
24
48
359
531
962
AGE (in years)
1 to 4
M
106
196
1,468
2.216
3.986
F
97
185
1,405
2.119
3.806
5 to 14
M
275
542
3.677
6.231
10.725
F
255
486
3.624
6,038
10,403
15 to 44
M
536
1.035
8.007
11,311
20.889
F
569
1.088
8,968
12.798
23,423
45 to 64
M
287
563
3,805
5,017
9,672
F
324
616
4.085
5.404
10.429
65 and Over
M
107
186
1,822
1,731
3,846
F
159
274
3,052
2,921
6,406
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmyhdene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
IOWA
Centerville
Union Carbide Corp.
0-54
54-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
91
364
2.866
4.962
8.283
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
1
4
29
49
83
F
1
4
29
49
83
1 to 4
M
3
11
86
148
248
F
3
11
86
148
248
5 to 14
M
8
33
258
446
745
F
7
29
229
398
663
15 to 44
M
15
58
459
794
1.326
F
15
58
458
794
1.325
45 to 64
M
10
40
315
546
911
F
11
47
373
646
1,077
65 and Over
M
7
29
229
398
663
F
10
40
315
546
911
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
distance from plant
(In miles)
IOWA
Clinton
DuPont
0-V4
V4-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
370
1,480
11.641
20.153
33.644
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
4
15
116
201
336
F
4
15
116
201
336
1 to 4
M
15
59
466
806
1.346
F
12
45
356
616
1.029
5 to 14
M
40
163
1,280
2.216
3.699
F
40
162
1,274
2.205
3,681
15 to 44
M
67
267
2,102
3,640
6,076
F
67
268
2.109
3.652
6.096
45 to 64
M
37
148
1.165
2.016
3,366
F
40
162
1.274
2.206
3.682
65 and Over
M
18
73
575
90D
1.662
F
26
103
808
1.398
2,335
(Jl
10
'Population figures are based on 1970 SMS A Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
(In miles)
IOWA
Davenport
Oscar Meyer & Co.
0-14
V4- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
M+F
3.258
9.283
94.020
67.608
174.169
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
32
89
814
595
1.530
F
35
77
805
550
1,467
1 to 4
M
130
351
3.368
2.437
6.286
F
141
318
3,190
2.323
5,972
5 to 14
M
319
900
9.109
7,094
17,422
F
269
860
8.804
6,819
16,752
15 to 44
M
547
1.621
17.912
12.925
33.005
F
696
2,017
18.808
13.886
35.407
45 to 64
M
315
848
9.374
7.041
17.578
F
337
883
10,560
7,444
19.224
65 and Over
M
175
523
4.439
2.626
7.763
F
262
796
6.837
3.868
11.763
Ul
U)
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
distance from plant
(In miles)
KANSAS
Tecumseh
DuPont Co
0-54
V4-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
12
560
3.771
29.656
33.999
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
4
31
310
345
F
5
31
307
343
1 to 4
M
.
22
143
1.214
1,379
F
.
19
117
1.186
1.322
5 to 14
M
2
72
479
3.181
3,734
F
1
69
415
3.068
3,553
15 to 44
M
2
118
743
5.554
6,417
F
3
117
768
6.108
6.996
45 to 64
M
1
47
350
2.627
3,025
F
1
47
346
2.809
3,203
65 and Over
M
1
20
167
1,415
1,603
F
1
20
181
1,877
2,079
Ul
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMS A Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location company
distance from plant
(In miles)
KENTUCKY
Owensboro
Dewey & Almy Chemcial
Division
0-V4
!4-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
216
866
6.808
11.787
19.677
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
2
9
68
118
197
F
2
9
68
118
197
1 to 4
M
9
35
272
471
787
F
9
35
272
471
787
5 to 14
M
24
95
749
1.296
2.164
F
24
95
749
1.296
2.164
15 to 44
M
40
164
1.294
2.241
3.739
F
43
173
1.361
2.358
3.935
45 to 64
M
19
78
613
1.061
1.771
F
22
86
681
1.179
1.968
65 and Over
M
9
35
272
471
787
F
13
52
409
707
1.181
Ul
Ul
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
LOUISIANA
Lake Charles
PPG Industries, Inc.
0-V4
Y>- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
51
51
9,712
45,227
55,041
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
1
1
85
404
491
F
1
1
89
370
461
1 to 4
M
3
3
349
1.551
1.906
F
2
2
365
1.464
1.833
5 to 14
M
5
5
1.158
4.643
5.811
F
6
6
1.193
4.465
5.670
15 to 44
M
10
10
2.031
9.178
11,229
F
11
11
2.109
10.001
12.132
45 to 64
M
5
5
930
4.430
5.370
F
4
4
922
4.977
5.907
65 and Over
M
1
1
216
1.496
1,714
F
2
2
265
2.248
2,517
Ul
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
distance from plant
(In miles)
LOUISIANA
Plaquemme
Dow Chemical Co.
0-Vi
54-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
240
960
7,548
13,068
21,816
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
2
10
75
131
218
F
2
10
75
131
218
1 to 4
M
10
40
313
542
905
F
10
40
313
542
905
5 to 14
M
30
119
938
1,624
2,711
F
29
115
902
1.560
2,606
15 to 44
M
44
176
1.386
2,398
4.004
F
50
199
1.569
2,717
4,535
45 to 64
M
21
83
652
1,129
1,885
F
21
85
668
1,156
1,930
65 and Over
M
8
33
259
448
748
F
13
50
398
690
1,151
Ul
-J
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
MARYLAND
Odenton
Amtech, Inc.
0-K
V4-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
856
1.925
7.409
33.792
43.982
Under 1
M
8
18
71
365
462
F
7
15
60
332
414
AGE (in years)
1 to 4
M
30
71
307
1.456
1.864
F
31
72
280
1.391
1.774
5 to 14
M
102
231
894
3.639
4.866
F
101
239
921
3.493
4,754
15 to 44
M
178
398
1.587
12.600
14.763
F
194
447
1,687
6.824
9.152
45 to 64
M
92
199
688
1.551
2.530
F
79
173
642
1.400
2.294
65 and Over
M
16
26
112
315
469
F
18
36
160
426
640
Ul
00
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
MICHIGAN
Midland
Dow Chemical Co.
0-V4
% -1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
j\j\jj
1.775
13.960
24.168
40.347
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
4
18
140
242
404
F
4
18
140
242
404
1 to 4
M
18
71
558
967
1.614
F
18
71
558
967
1.614
5 to 14
M
54
213
1.675
2.900
4.842
F
52
212
1.669
2.889
4,822
15 to 44
M
97
389
3.057
5.293
8,836
F
98
390
3.071
5.316
8.875
45 to 64
M
40
160
1.256
2,175
3,631
F
36
143
1,123
1.945
3,247
65 and Over
M
9
36
287
495
827
F
14
54
426
737
1,231
VD
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinyhdene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
(In miles)
NORTH CAROLINA
Pisgah Forest
Ohn Corp.
0-Vi
14-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
M+F
72
287
2,256
3,905
6,520
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
1
3
22
39
65
F
1
3
22
39
65
1 to 4
M
3
11
89
154
257
F
2
8
67
114
191
5 to 14
M
7
29
224
388
648
F
7
29
224
388
648
15 to 44
M
16
63
492
852
1.423
F
16
63
493
855
1,427
45 to 64
M
7
29
226
390
652
F
7
29
229
395
660
65 and Over
M
2
8
72
125
207
F
3
12
96
166
277
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
OHIO
Avon Lake
B.F. Goodrich Chemical Co.
0-V4
54-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
1.267
2.618
8.602
20.000
32.487
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
12
23
81
187
303
F
11
23
78
170
282
1 to 4
M
49
103
365
778
1.295
F
51
104
336
749
1.240
5 to 14
M
174
356
1.208
2,492
4.230
F
170
348
1.081
2.370
3,969
15 to 44
M
257
530
1.754
3.861
6.402
F
280
576
1.864
4.107
6.827
45 to 64
M
109
228
758
1,927
3.022
F
108
228
751
2,026
3.113
65 and Over
M
18
39
135
573
765
F
28
60
191
760
1,039
CTl
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
OHIO
Circleville
DuPont Co.
0- Y,
54- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
WH-F
305
305
914
8.704
10.228
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
3
3
9
86
101
F
2
2
7
78
89
1 to 4
M
12
12
37
345
406
F
11
11
33
310
365
5 to 14
M
38
38
112
844
1,032
F
36
36
109
844
1.025
15 to 44
M
58
58
175
1,661
1.952
F
65
65
195
1,894
2.219
45 to 64
M
28
28
83
755
894
F
28
28
83
881
1.020
65 and Over
M
13
13
38
415
479
F
11
11
33
591
646
to
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
OHIO
Cleveland
American Can Co
0-
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
(In miles)
PENNSYLVANIA
Bristol
Rohm & Haas Co.
0- V4
54- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
M+F
2.624
8.018
49.351
79.000
138.993
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
26
79
482
731
1,318
F
21
65
494
727
1.307
1 to 4
M
102
307
1.883
3.081
5.373
F
86
271
1,843
3,038
5,238
5 to 14
M
242
771
5.299
9.931
16.243
F
234
735
5,155
9,405
15,529
15 to 44
M
490
1,497
9,938
16,582
28,507
F
522
1.602
10.690
17.842
30,656
45 to 64
M
291
880
4.948
7.538
13,657
F
331
999
5.129
6,878
13,337
65 and Over
M
111
336
1.457
1.279
3.183
F
168
476
2.033
1.968
4.645
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
distance from plant
(In miles)
PENNSYLVANIA
Marcus Hook
FMC Corp.
0- V4
%- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
M+F
1.379
10.213
58.872
80,022
150.486
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
12
89
633
653
1.387
F
10
75
634
627
1.346
1 to 4
M
50
359
2.459
2.796
5.664
F
44
316
2.463
2.658
5.481
5 to 14
M
121
999
6.236
8,609
15.965
F
129
1.003
6.262
8.373
15.767
15 to 44
M
255
1.868
11.399
15.830
29,352
F
269
2,025
13.096
16,296
31.686
45 to 64
M
163
1.132
5.421
8.628
15,344
F
179
1,309
6.120
8.959
16.567
65 and Over
M
67
432
1.852
2.700
5.051
F
80
606
2,297
3.893
6,876
Ul
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinyhdene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
PENNSYLVANIA
Philadelphia
Oscar Meyer & Co.
0-V4
V4-1
1-3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
0
2.125
264.361
360.636
627.122
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
7
2.256
2.883
5.146
F
13
2.134
2,812
4.959
1 to 4
M
33
9.044
11.641
20,718
F
47
8.634
11.437
20.118
5 to 14
M
142
23.725
30,728
54,595
F
161
22.994
29.937
53.092
15 to 44
M
846
48.373
72,858
122,077
F
309
53,054
76,077
129,440
45 to 64
M
206
29.070
37.240
66.516
F
220
34.874
42,383
77.477
65 and Over
M
70
13.072
17.549
30,691
F
71
17.131
25.091
42,293
CTi
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location company
distance from plant
(In miles)
SOUTH CAROLINA
Simpsonville
Cryovac Division
0- %
'A- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
0
767
3.070
9.354
13.191
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
.
8
30
88
126
F
.
6
22
83
111
1 to 4
M
.
29
117
355
501
F
.
27
108
356
491
5 to 14
M
.
88
351
1.153
1.592
F
.
78
314
1.153
1.545
15 to 44
M
.
165
660
2.082
2,907
F
.
171
682
2.140
2,993
45 to 64
M
.
67
270
709
1,046
F
.
73
292
771
1,136
65 and Over
M
.
22
90
193
305
F
.
33
134
271
438
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMS A Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmyhdene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
distance from plant
(In miles)
TENNESSEE
Goodlettsville
Oscar Meyer & Co.
0-VS
%- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
617
1.850
11.116
11.715
25.298
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
6
19
116
86
227
F
5
16
102
82
205
1 to 4
M
23
67
434
379
903
F
23
69
425
357
874
5 to 14
M
71
213
1,269
1.269
2,822
F
66
198
1.210
1,315
2.789
15 to 44
M
137
409
2.456
2,397
5.399
F
138
413
2.586
2.565
5.702
45 to 64
M
53
160
888
1.202
2.303
F
59
176
954
1,235
2.424
65 and Over
M
15
46
282
367
710
F
21
64
394
461
940
cn
CO
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
TENNESSEE
Kmgsport
Eastman Chemical
Products, Inc
0-54
K-l
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
665
2,661
20,922
36,219
60,467
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
7
27
209
362
605
F
7
27
209
362
605
1 to 4
M
20
80
628
1,086
1,814
F
20
80
628
1,086
1.814
5 to 14
M
67
266
2.092
3.622
6.047
F
60
239
1.883
3.260
5.442
15 to 44
M
138
558
4.393
7.608
12,697
F
153
612
4,813
8.330
13.908
45 to 64
M
67
266
2.092
3.622
6.047
F
73
293
2.301
3.984
6.651
65 and Over
M
20
80
628
1.086
1,814
F
33
133
1.046
1,811
3.023
CTl
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
TENNESSEE
Knoxville
Rohm & Haas, Inc.
0-V4
54-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
4.029
11.238
64.969
67,387
147,623
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
31
82
459
491
1,063
F
31
86
435
456
1,008
1 to 4
M
123
302
1,776
1,993
4,194
F
120
313
1.757
1,849
4,039
5 to 14
M
261
704
4.781
6,201
11,947
F
279
673
4.855
5.830
11,637
15 to 44
M
1,064
3,429
14.114
13,439
32,046
F
1,074
2,827
15.391
14,662
33,954
45 to 64
M
250
782
5,630
7,136
13,798
F
383
1.044
7.692
8.489
17,608
65 and Over
M
137
367
2.968
2.649
6,121
F
276
629
5.111
4,192
10,208
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinyhdene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
distance from plant
(In miles)
TEXAS
Iowa Park
Cryovac Division
0-V4
%- \
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
1.159
1.159
3.644
166
6.128
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
8
8
26
1
43
F
10
10
30
1
51
1 to 4
M
41
41
125
3
210
F
38
38
117
3
196
5 to 14
M
152
152
474
17
795
F
138
138
432
17
725
15 to 44
M
249
249
777
30
1.305
F
258
258
803
30
1.349
45 to 64
M
81
81
266
22
450
F
91
91
295
22
499
65 and Over
M
39
39
126
10
214
F
54
54
173
10
291
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
TEXAS
Freeport
Dow Chemical Co.
0- 'A
54-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
24
24
96
11.935
12.079
Under 1
M
.
-
1
141
142
F
.
-
-
129
129
AGE (in years)
1 to 4
M
1
1
3
534
539
F
1
1
3
469
474
5 to 14
M
2
2
7
1.237
1,248
F
2
2
6
1.093
1.103
15 to 44
M
5
5
22
2.583
2.615
F
5
5
19
2,576
2.605
45 to 64
M
3
3
12
1.286
1.304
F
3
3
14
1.178
1.198
65 and Over
M
1
1
5
326
333
F
1
1
4
383
389
-J
to
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location company
distance from plant
(In miles)
TEXAS
Sherman
Oscar Meyer & Co.
0-54
14- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
5
14
3,059
18.779
21.857
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
.
-
26
154
180
F
_
-
21
143
164
1 to 4
M
.
-
87
583
670
F
.
-
93
560
653
5 to 14
M
1
2
212
1,875
2.090
F
.
-
230
1,852
2.082
15 to 44
M
1
3
599
3,607
4.210
F
1
2
607
4,010
4,620
45 to 64
M
1
3
288
1.803
2.095
F
1
2
345
2.119
2.467
65 and Over
M
.
1
165
816
982
F
.
1
386
1.257
1.644
U)
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmyhdene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
VIRGINIA
Frederick sburg
FMC Corp.
O-'A
54-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
295
1.181
9.289
16.081
26.846
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
3
11
93
161
268
F
3
11
93
161
268
1 to 4
M
9
34
271
470
784
F
10
40
311
538
899
5 to 14
M
26
105
822
1.423
2,376
F
25
100
790
1.366
2,281
15 to 44
M
59
236
1,855
3.211
5,361
F
78
315
2.473
4.282
7,148
45 to 64
M
27
110
863
1,495
2,495
F
29
117
913
1.581
2.640
65 and Over
M
10
39
306
529
884
F
16
63
499
864
1.442
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
Plant location, company
distance from plant
(In miles)
VIRGINIA
Richmond
DuPont Co.
0-V4
VI -1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
856
1.998
14.371
11.553
28,778
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
12
29
163
139
343
F
10
23
171
140
344
1 to 4
M
46
107
603
524
1.280
F
44
102
675
490
1,311
5 to 14
M
71
165
1.433
983
2.652
F
79
184
1.311
936
2.510
15 to 44
M
207
484
3.667
2.644
7.002
F
230
536
3.781
2,741
7.288
45 to 64
M
67
158
1.076
1.136
2,437
F
67
158
1,044
1,205
2,474
65 and Over
M
10
22
176
270
478
F
13
30
271
345
659
Ul
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN SELECTED DISTANCES OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE* BY AGE AND SEX
distance from plant
(In miles)
WISCONSIN
Madison
Oscar Meyer & Co.
0-54
V4-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
Total
M+F
3.553
8.028
46.442
73.482
131.505
AGE (in years)
Under 1
M
33
72
426
472
1,003
F
36
79
452
407
974
1 to 4
M
120
285
1.691
1.825
3.921
F
133
298
1.712
1.665
3.808
5 to 14
M
287
653
4,729
4.876
10.545
F
265
621
4.406
4.663
9.955
15 to 44
M
726
1,675
10.388
22.612
35.401
F
784
1,779
10.788
23.004
36,355
45 to 64
M
372
826
3,650
4.074
8,922
F
445
979
4,158
4.735
10.317
65 and Over
M
141
316
1.570
1335
3362
F
211
445
2.472
3.314
6.442
'Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
Appendix VIII
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS
PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE
77
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
ALABAMA
Decatur
Monsanto Co.
Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-V4
V4- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
423
1,690
13.293
23,012
38.418
N
6
22
173
300
501
NNE
5
22
173
300
500
NE
6
22
173
300
501
ENE
67
268
2,106
3,646
6.087
E
134
536
4,212
7,292
12,174
ESE
134
536
4,212
7,292
12,174
SE
.
-
-
•
0
SSE
.
-
-
-
0
s
6
22
173
300
501
SSW
5
22
173
300
500
SW
10
39
303
525
877
WSW
12
46
370
640
1,068
W
11
47
369
639
1,066
WNW
10
40
320
550
920
NW
12
46
363
628
1,049
NNW
5
22
173
300
500
GO
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinyhdene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
CALIFORNIA
Vernon
Oscar Meyer & Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-54
14-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
53
209
149,329
349,739
499,330
N
6
21
16,614
32,749
49.390
NNE
.
-
16.412
29,250
45,662
NE
5
21
17,829
15.921
33.776
ENE
.
11,011
22,581
33,592
E
5
21
2,722
2.971
5.719
ESE
.
26
2,953
2.979
SE
6
21
12.755
30,189
42,971
SSE
5
20
18.106
21.480
39.611
S
5
21
5.954
30.257
36.237
SSW
_
10.450
26.370
36,820
SW
5
21
9.637
31.890
41.553
WSW
_
5.580
24,966
30.546
W
6
21
3.640
37,340
41,007
WNW
.
3,589
17.212
20,801
NW
5
21
556
9.932
10,514
NNW
5
21
14,448
13.678
28.152
vo
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
DELAWARE
Cheswold
Reichhold Polymers. Inc.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-V4
54- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
260
1,040
8.182
14.165
23,647
N
2
8
63
108
181
NNE
2
8
62
108
180
NE
_
-
-
•
-
ENE
6
28
220
381
635
E
4
17
134
232
387
ESE
12
47
372
644
1,075
SE
98
393
3,088
5.346
8.925
SSE
96
385
3,025
5,238
8,744
S
8
35
275
476
794
SSW
7
26
206
357
596
SW
7
26
206
356
595
WSW
3
11
87
150
251
W
4
16
122
211
353
WNW
3
12
98
170
283
NW
4
14
112
194
324
NNW
4
14
112
194
324
CO
o
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports, The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
FLORIDA
Pace
American Cyanimid Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0- K
V4-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
0
0
2.121
2.828
4.949
N
-
-
213
282
495
NNE
.
-
212
282
494
NE
.
-
212
283
495
ENE
.
-
212
283
495
E
-
212
283
495
ESE
_
.
212
283
495
SE
.
.
212
283
495
SSE
.
.
- 212
283
495
S
.
.
.
•
-
ssw
..
.
.
-
-
sw
.
.
-
-
wsw
.
_
_
-
-
w
.
.
.
-
-
WNW
.
.
_
-
-
NW
.
_
212
283
495
NNW
.
212
283
495
CO
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
GEORGIA
Dalton
Dow Chemical Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0 — V4
K 1
1 3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
128
513
4.032
6.981
11.654
N
18
73
573
993
1,657
NNE
18
73
573
993
1.657
NE
18
74
583
1.009
1,684
ENE
.
2
12
22
36
E
1
1
9
16
27
ESE
.
.
-
-
SE
8
30
235
407
680
SSE
9
34
269
465
777
S
7
30
236
408
681
SSW
6
23
183
317
529
SW
4
17
134
231
386
WSW
.
-
-
~
-
W
1
3
24
40
68
WNW
1
4
31
54
90
NW
19
76
597
1.033
1.725
NNW
18
73
573
993
1,657
CO
fO
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
ILLINOIS
Chicago
Oscar Meyer 81 Co.
00
Ul
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-%
'A- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
TOTAL
17.937
39.348
132.512
312.409
502.206
N
602
955
16.499
23.528
41,534
NNE
1,097
1.480
2,577
NE
1,645
3,215
4,860
ENE
1,645
2,541
4,136
E
2,145
1.871
4.O16
ESE
1,638
2.662
4.184
8,484
DIRECT!
SE
598
3,259
7,806
11,663
ON FRON
SSE
• -i
798
1,371
4,331
3.609
10,109
I PLANT
. - —
S
598
1,171
3.859
5.871
11.499
SSW
294
1,466
2,936
26,209
— i •
30.905
sw
1.400
4,172
4,139
28,864
38,575
WSW
1,301
1,411
22,684
34,985
60.381
W
1.486
4.764
17.295
63.293
86.338
WNW
1.486
5,176
5,916
38,057
50.635
^_^_— ^— ^—
NW
602
2.133
22.125
30,789
55,649
• ""
NIMW
602
1.701
20.738
57,204
80,245
-
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract
Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinyl.dene chloride m August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE1
ILLINOIS
Lemont
A E. Staley Manufacturing Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-J4
V4- 1
1-3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
647
647
13.514
23.953
38.761
N
64
64
.
3.814
3.942
NNE
65
65
.
5.084
5,214
NE
65
65
517
3,814
4.461
ENE
.
65
517
1.034
1.616
E
65
65
518
1.034
1.682
ESE
.
65
517
518
1,100
SE
65
65
517
-
647
SSE
m
65
-
•
65
S
65
64
-
•
129
SSW
65
64
-
2,596
2.725
SW
65
-
1.092
3.463
4,620
wsw
.
-
2,186
2,596
4.782
W
64
-
2,186
"
2.250
WNW
.
-
2.186
™
2,186
NW
64
-
2,186
"
2,250
NNW
.
-
1,092
"
1.092
00
'Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
ILLINOIS
Meredosia
National Starch & Chemical Corp.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-VS
54- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
34
134
1,057
1.829
3,054
N
8
32
248
429
717
NNE
3
12
96
166
277
NE
2
14
25
41
ENE
1
4
28
49
82
E
1
4
32
55
92
ESE
1
5
40
71
117
SE
3
13
103
177
296
SSE
6
23
182
315
526
S
2
12
91
159
264
SSW
1
5
43
72
121
SW
1
2
19
33
55
WSW
1
2
19
32
54
W
1
2
19
33
55
WNW
1
3
22
38
64
NW
1
2
16
27
46
NNW
3
11
85
148
247
00
Ul
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMS A Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
ILLINOIS
Ringwood
Morton Chemical Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-54
%- 1
1 -3
3C
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
0
2,299
11.985
13.609
27,893
N
90
362
981
1,433
NNE
90
362
981
1,433
NE
182
724
981
1,887
ENE
181
723
904
1,808
E
181
723
1,357
2,261
ESE
1,208
1,357
2.565
SE
101
1.812
904
2.817
SSE
302
1.812
1.510
3.624
S
302
1.208
1,510
3.020
SSW
302
465
233
1.000
SW
466
233
699
WSW
116
466
232
814
W
156
465
233
854
WNW
116
465
233
814
NW
90
362
980
1,432
NNW
90
362
980
1,432
CO
•Population fi9ures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
INDIANA
Covington
Ohn Corp.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0- J4
14- 1
1-3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
49
196
1,538
2.662
4.445
N
1
5
38
65
109
NNE
.
.
.
•
-
NE
15
58
457
790
1.320
ENE
15
58
457
791
1,321
E
1
4
34
59
98
ESE
2
6
51
88
147
SE
2
8
63
110
183
SSE
3
11
87
151
252
S
1
5
41
72
119
SSW
1
5
41
71
118
SW
1
5
41
72
119
WSW
1
5
41
71
118
W
1
5
27
47
80
WNW
1
4
28
48
81
NW
3
12
94
162
271
NNW
1
5
38
65
109
00
-o
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports The location and number of plants producing or processing vinyhdene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
IOWA
Cedar Rapids
Cryovac Division
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0- J4
54-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
2.766
5,270
40.651
56.854
105.541
N
224
464
8.001
2.625
11.314
NNE
186
697
5.417
15.070
21,370
NE
186
CQC
D9D
7.208
16.908
24,998
ENE
369
464
3.823
5,727
10,383
E
186
107
714
2,704
3,711
ESE
.
107
1.013
114
1,234
SE
107
107
1.012
114
1.340
SSE
159
107
1.012
114
1.392
S
160
211
1.280
229
1.880
SSW
107
107
1.279
228
1.721
SW
.
107
266
114
487
wsw
.
107
266
114
487
W
224
483
417
114
1.238
WNW
298
565
301
3,498
4,662
NW
299
565
3.315
4,934
9,113
NNW
261
376
5.327
4,247
10,21 1
00
CO
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports The location and number of plants producing or processing vinyhdene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
IOWA
Centerville
Union Carbide Corp.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-S4
'A-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
91
364
2.866
4,962
8.283
N
15
59
462
800
1.336
NNE
.
-
4
5
9
NE
.
-
2
4
6
ENE
.
.
-
-
E
1
8
66
112
187
ESE
.
.
-
-
SE
2
8
60
103
173
SSE
3
11
85
147
246
S
2
7
60
103
172
SSW
2
8
65
114
189
SW
2
8
65
114
189
WSW
1
4
35
59
99
W
2
7
51
89
149
WNW
16
64
503
872
1.455
NW
23
92
720
1,247
2.082
NNW
22
88
688
1,193
1.991
CO
vo
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMS A Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
IOWA
Clinton
DuPont Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-54
54-1
1-3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
370
1.480
11.641
20.153
33.644
N
153
611
4.805
8.319
13.888
NNE
153
611
4.805
8.318
13.887
NE
1
4
28
48
81
ENE
.
1
9
15
25
E
4
14
115
198
331
ESE
4
14
114
198
330
SE
11
44
344
596
995
SSE
1
3
27
46
77
S
1
4
32
56
93
SSW
1
4
32
56
93
SW
.
1
8
14
23
WSW
38
153
1,201
2,078
3,470
W
_
1
8
15
24
WNW
1
4
31
55
91
NW
1
6
44
76
127
NNW
1
5
38
65
109
vo
o
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
IOWA
Davenport
Oscar Meyer & Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-V4
%- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
3,258
9.283
94.020
67.608
174.169
N
449
731
7.905
5.127
14,212
NNE
183
1.482
9.164
2.512
13.341
NE
175
1.732
11.354
-
13.261
ENE
164
1.244
8.865
13.090
23.363
E
175
492
312
9.461
10.440
ESE
.
9,148
18.084
27.232
SE
176
.
8.159
9,188
17.523
SSE
175
.
11.052
4,443
15.670
S
175
-
6,390
-
6,565
SSW
-
-
-
-
sw
261
428
606
539
1.834
WSW
128
642
5.325
718
6,813
W
304
642
1,122
539
2.607
WNW
86
428
1.344
1,808
3.666
NW
358
731
6.495
1,808
9.392
NNW
449
731
6.779
291
8.250
VO
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
KANSAS
Tecumseh
DuPont Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0- ft
V4- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
12
560
3.771
29.656
33.999
N
1
4
32
55
92
NNE
2
8
63
109
182
NE
2
9
73
126
210
ENE
2
10
76
131
219
E
2
9
73
126
210
ESE
2
7
52
91
152
SE
1
54
224
36
315
SSE
153
611
255
1.019
S
153
612
2,039
2.804
SSW
153
612
255
1.020
SW
_
.
1.168
1.168
WSW
.
134
5.741
5.875
W
_
403
9.710
10.113
WNW
.
403
7,774
8,177
NW
_
403
2.040
2.443
NNW
.
_
•
•
tO
"Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
KENTUCKY
Owensboro
Dewey & Almy Chemical Division
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-54
V4-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
216
866
6.808
11,787
19,677
N
6
24
189
327
546
NNE
6
24
189
327
546
NE
6
24
189
326
545
ENE
6
24
189
327
546
E
12
48
377
654
1.091
ESE
6
24
189
326
545
SE
11
42
332
576
961
SSE
12
48
380
657
1,097
S
11
42
332
576
961
SSW
m
•
-
"
•
sw
.
-
-
"
-
wsw
26
102
805
1,393
2,326
W
88
362
2,832
4,905
8,187
WNW
26
102
805
1,393
2,326
NW
.
-
-
™
-
NNW
.
•
-
"
-
vo
LO
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
LOUISIANA
Lake Charles
PPG Industries. Inc.
10
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-V4
V4- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
51
51
9.712
45,227
55.041
N
5
5
408
418
NNE
5
5
2.545
817
3,372
NE
.
2.544
1,762
4,306
ENE
.
15
3,988
4,003
E
6
.
11.147
11,152
ESE
6
.
14.056
14,062
SE
.
6
16
3,713
3.734
SSE
.
.
16
3.050
3.066
S
5
-
-
1,026
1,031
SSW
5
5
16
31
57
SW
6
5
15
20
46
WSW
5
5
15
31
56
W
5
-
465
3.111
3,581
WNW
5
5
1,815
2.067
3392
NW
5
-
1.800
'
1.805
NNW
5
5
450
460
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
LOUISIANA
Plaquemme
Dow Chemical Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0- K
54-1
1 — 3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
240
960
7.548
13.068
21,816
N
27
107
845
1.463
2.442
NNE
28
114
894
1,549
2.585
NE
25
100
789
1,365
2.279
ENE
1
4
33
58
96
E
3
13
99
172
287
ESE
1
4
33
58
96
SE
22
87
687
1.189
1.985
SSE
14
57
447
773
1.291
S
82
324
2.549
4.413
7,368
SSW
5
22
170
293
490
SW
12
46
364
629
1,051
WSW
5
21
164
285
475
W
9
35
273
474
791
WNW
.
-
-
*
-
NW
-
-
-
™
-
NNW
6
26
201
347
580
VO
Ul
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
MARYLAND
Odenton
Amtech, Inc.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0- M
J4-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
856
1.925
7.409
33.792
43.982
N
38
52
1.384
1.403
2.877
NNE
39
51
1.703
1.924
3.717
NE
39
51
733
4.645
5.468
ENE
38
51
205
•
294
E
38
51
205
•
294
ESE
39
52
149
827
1.067
SE
39
52
658
1.104
1.853
SSE
.
282
564
966
1,812
S
141
423
• 565
278
1,407
SSW
188
423
564
278
1,453
SW
141
282
564
3,340
4,327
WSW
.
.
3.341
3.341
W
.
.
3.882
3.882
WNW
39
51
39
4.701
4.830
NW
39
52
38
4.433
4.562
NNW
38
52
38
2.670
2.798
vo
en
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinyhdene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
MICHIGAN
Midland
Dow Chemical Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-V4
!4-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
j\*\j\
1,775
13.960
24.168
40.347
N
89
363
2,853
4.940
8,245
NNE
.
-
-
-
-
NE
4
15
119
206
344
ENE
6
23
178
308
515
E
6
23
178
308
515
ESE
4
15
119
206
344
SE
2
6
47
81
136
SSE
2
6
47
82
137
S
2
8
63
110
183
SSW
3
12
95
164
274
SW
3
12
95
164
274
WSW
2
8
63
110
183
W
14
55
436
755
1.260
WNW
77
307
2.417
4.183
6,984
NW
115
461
3,625
6.276
10.477
NNW
115
461
3,625
6,275
10,476
VD
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
NORTH CAROLINA
Pisgah Forest
Olin Corp.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-14
V4- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
72
287
2,256
3.905
6.520
N
2
8
60
103
173
NNE
3
11
88
152
254
NE
3
13
102
177
295
ENE
5
20
162
280
467
E
3
11
88
152
254
ESE
2
7
60
104
173
SE
5
20
157
272
454
SSE
6
25
194
337
562
S
9
35
272
471
787
SSW
9
34
272
471
786
SW
6
25
195
337
563
wsw
6
25
195
337
563
W
6
25
194
337
562
WNW
3
12
97
169
281
NW
2
8
60
103
173
NNW
2
8
60
103
173
\D
CO
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE'
OHIO
Avon Lake
B.F. Goodrich Chemical Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-J4
54-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
1.267
2.618
8.602
20.000
32.487
N
.
441
441
-
882
NNE
331
441
441
•
1.213
NE
440
440
440
-
1.320
ENE
331
441
2,174
1,214
4,160
E
441
1,597
1,214
3,252
ESE
17
42
25
1,674
1,758
SE
16
41
25
1.068
1,150
SSE
17
41
25
1.897
1.980
S
.
41
24
1,818
1,883
SSW
17
42
25
1.882
1,966
SW
16
41
25
692
774
WSW
16
42
676
4,531
5.265
W
17
-
2.609
4.010
6.636
WNW
16
41
25
•
82
NW
17
41
25
•
83
NNW
16
42
25
•
83
VO
VD
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
OHIO
Circleville
DuPont Co
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-54
54- 1
1-3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
305
305
914
8,704
10,228
N
31
31
92
6.691
6,845
NNE
30
30
91
1,099
1.250
NE
31
31
91
•
153
ENE
.
-
-
91
91
E
31
31
92
183
337
ESE
.
-
-
183
183
SE
30
30
91
183
334
SSE
_
.
-
183
183
S
30
30
91
91
242
SSW
m
-
-
•
-
sw
31
31
92
•
154
WSW
.
-
-
~
-
w
30
30
91
•
151
WNW
_
-
-
*
-
NW
30
30
91
•
151
NNW
31
31
92
'
154
o
o
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmyhdene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
OHIO
Cleveland
American Can Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-V4
!4-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
4,054
15.004
207.033
216.840
442.931
N
337
321
19.812
1.562
22,032
NNE
445
1.385
20,171
8.451
30.452
NE
112
2.149
11.992
18.095
32,348
ENE
112
3.442
7,661
19,869
31.084
E
112
2.593
5.184
17.193
25.082
ESE
180
270
13.936
2.393
16.779
SE
360
541
11.110
•
12.011
SSE
361
541
10.714
12.652
24,268
S
361
541
18,484
11.858
31,244
SSW
361
541
8,175
21.758
30,835
SW
180
270
2,629
4.583
7.662
WSW
114
265
4.843
17.052
22.274
W
227
529
17,161
23.419
41.336
WNW
452
1.058
13.053
33.791
48,354
NW
114
265
21.403
24.164
45.946
NNW
226
293
20.705
'
21.224
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
PENNSYLVANIA
Bristol
Rohm & Haas Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-V,
V4-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
2.624
8.018
49.351
79.000
138.993
N
1.132
2.879
4.948
30.168
39.127
NNE
721
3,364
5.550
12,297
21.932
NE
.
-
1.308
2.512
3,820
ENE
47
140
1,013
5,196
6,396
E
70
141
1,013
794
2.018
ESE
70
140
1,377
595
2,182
SE
47
141
1,655
1,143
2,986
SSE
.
140
3,148
286
3,574
S
.
-
4,638
-
4.638
SSW
107
-
3.683
-
3.790
SW
108
-
3.036
-
3.144
WSW
108
322
1.878
3.454
5.762
W
107
429
4.518
1.799
6.853
WNW
107
322
4.032
2,400
6,861
N1N
_
-
4,682
2,707
7,389
NNW
.
-
2.872
15,649
18.521
o
N)
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE"
PENNSYLVANIA
Marcus Hook
FMC Corp.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-K
V4-1
1-3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
1.379
10.213
58.872
80.022
150.486
N
_
187
3.223
1.574
4.984
NNE
.
2.247
4.916
13.937
21.100
NE
m
2.247
19.444
18.193
39.884
ENE
140
1.848
11.823
10.021
23.832
E
187
374
.
368
929
ESE
140
186
.
368
694
SE
91
152
.
368
611
SSE
182
304
.
368
854
S
183
304
61
368
916
SSW
183
304
61
-
548
SW
182
304
4.045
-
4,531
WSW
91
152
4.362
17,691
22.296
W
481
2.579
8.005
11.065
WNW
482
3.155
1,627
5.264
NW
481
2.920
917
4.318
NNW
160
2.283
6.217
8.660
o
CO
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinyhdene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
PENNSYLVANIA
Philadelphia
Oscar Meyer & Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-54
54-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
0
2.125
264.361
360.636
627.122
N
711
60.430
46,020
107,161
NNE
1.045
14.716
15.761
NE
12.314
28,727
41,041
ENE
6.366
22.692
29.058
E
16.758
25.969
42.727
ESE
9.179
18.221
27,400
SE
2.932
11.784
14.716
SSE
5.346
5,346
S
211
176
15.162
15.549
SSW
211
2.040
8.264
10.515
SW
281
2,040
2,754
5.075
WSW
176
176
W
3.129
6.660
9.789
WNW
7,427
35,103
42,530
NW
66,780
63.179
129.959
NNW
711
68.223
61.385
130.319
•Population figures are based on 1970SMSA Cen»u. Tract Report.. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chlor.de in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE'
SOUTH CAROLINA
Simpsonville
Cryovac Division
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(In miles)
0-M
Ji-1
1-3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
0
767
3.070
9.354
13,191
N
77
-
•
77
NNE
.
76
-
-
76
NE
77
307
-
384
ENE
.
.
307
307
614
E
77
307
814
998
ESE
.
.
307
307
614
SE
.
77
307
•
384
SSE
.
.
307
•
307
S
77
307
307
691
SSW
.
.
307
614
921
SW
.
76
307
614
997
WSW
.
76
307
307
690
W
.
77
-
1,885
1,962
WNW
.
-
-
2,514
2,514
NW
_
-
-
1385
1385
NNW
m
77
-
*
77
o
en
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylldene chloride In August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE'
TENNESSEE
Goodlettsville
Oscar Meyer & Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-14
V4-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
617
1.850
11.116
11,715
25.298
N
_
-
99
296
395
NNE
.
-
197
296
493
NE
.
-
198
296
494
ENE
.
-
197
296
493
E
.
-
197
149
346
ESE
62
185
99
148
494
SE
62
185
3.954
-
4.201
SSE
62
185
3.954
-
4.201
S
62
185
741
4.808
5.796
SSW
121
185
740
1.023
2.069
SW
62
185
740
489
1.476
WSW
62
185
.
979
1,226
W
62
185
.
979
1.226
WNW
62
185
.
978
1.225
NW
185
.
489
674
NNW
-
.
489
489
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinyhdene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
TENNESSEE
Kingsport
Eastman Chemical Products, Inc
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-54
J4-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
665
2.660
20.922
36.220
60.467
N
44
174
1.370
2,373
3,961
NNE
41
165
1.301
2,251
3.758
NE
22
86
679
1.175
1.962
ENE
18
73
572
991
1.654
E
15
60
468
810
1.353
ESE
11
45
351
609
1.016
SE
7
27
209
362
605
SSE
34
136
1.071
1.854
3.095
S
25
102
799
1.384
2.310
SSW
22
88
690
1.195
1.995
SW
11
42
330
572
955
WSW
8
32
248
429
717
W
15
59
468
810
1.352
WNW
104
419
3.291
5.698
9.512
NW
140
560
4.404
7,624
12.728
NNW
148
592
4,671
8.083
13.494
o
>J
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
TENNESSEE
Knoxville
Rohm& Haas. Inc.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0- >4
VS-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
4.029
11.238
64.969
67.387
147.623
N
416
416
6.384
5,048
12.264
NNE
416
1,738
6.636
7.285
16,075
NE
207
1,736
9.702
6,398
18.O43
ENE
.
2,125
6.367
5.814
14.306
E
266
2.125
4,450
5,403
12,244
ESE
399
114
4,148
5,217
9,878
SE
400
114
4,536
5,317
10,367
SSE
266
114
3.080
6
3.466
S
.
784
7
791
SSW
124
186
1,859
6
2,175
SW
124
280
4.093
4.612
9,109
WSW
124
279
4,291
2,478
7.172
W
124
484
1.083
2,610
4,301
WNW
331
398
928
5.250
6.907
NW
416
713
2.798
5.562
9.489
NNW
416
416
3,830
6.374
11,036
o
00
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMS A Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
TEXAS
Iowa Park
Cryovac Division
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-V4
54- 1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
1,159
1,159
3,644
166
6,128
N
116
17
17
150
NNE
116
17
17
150
NE
116
16
16
148
ENE
232
116
.
-
348
E
348
116
1.043
-
1,507
ESE
347
116
1.392
•
1,855
SE
232
116
1.043
-
1,391
SSE
116
-
16
132
S
115
-
17
132
SSW
.
-
16
-
16
SW
_
-
17
16
33
WSW
.
-
16
•
16
W
.
-
17
17
34
WNW
.
-
17
16
33
NW
.
-
16
17
33
NNW
.
116
17
17
150
o
10
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE1
TEXAS
Freeport
Dow Chemical Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-)4
K-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
24
24
96
11.935
12,079
N
2
2
19
"
23
NNE
2
2
19
"
23
NE
3
2
19
'
24
ENE
2
2
-
•
4
E
3
2
-
•
5
ESE
2
-
•
2
SE
2
2
.
-
4
SSE
2
.
-
2
S
3
3
.
1.476
1.482
SSW
_
_
1,476
1,476
SW
2
_
.
2,216
2.218
WSW
_
m
1,476
1.476
W
2
_
738
740
WNW
.
911
911
NW
3
2
19
2.731
2,755
NNW
3
20
911
934
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinyhdene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
TEXAS
Sherman
Oscar Meyer & Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-V4
14-1
1-3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
5
14
3.059
18,779
21.857
N
1
-
1,213
7,094
8,308
NNE
.
1
-
4,355
4,356
NE
1
2
-
3,437
3.440
ENE
.
1
-
•
1
E
1
.
-
•
1
ESE
.
1
-
•
1
SE
.
.
-
-
-
SSE
.
2
6
-
8
S
1
.
8
-
9
SSW
1
8
-
9
SW
2
6
-
8
wsw
1
.
•
1
w
1
.
.
-
1
WNW
.
2
-
-
2
NW
.
.
606
•
606
NNW
.
1
1,212
3,893
5,106
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinyhdene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING V.NYL.DENE
CHLORIDE*
VIRGINIA
Fredericksburg
FMC Corp.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0->4
J4-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
TOTAL
295
1.181
9,289
16.081
26.846
N
6
26
202
349
583
NNE
6
26
202
349
583
NE
19
75
589
1.019
1,702
ENE
15
60
468
811
1.354
E
15
60
468
811
1.354
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
ESE
15
60
468
811
1.354
SE
-
-
SSE
6
23
178
308
515
S
8
34
267
463
772
SSW
8
34
267
463
772
SW
7
26
212
367
612
WSW
49
196
1,545
2.673
4.463
W
65
259
2.033
3,520
5,877
WNW
53
212
1.668
2,888
4.821
NW
5
21
169
292
487
NNW
18
69
553
957
1,597
•Population f .gures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing v.nylidene chlor.de in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
VIRGINIA
Richmond
DuPont Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0-54
54-1
1 -3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
856
1.998
14,371
11,553
28,778
N
86
200
717
4,281
5,284
NNE
86
200
359
-
645
NE
85
200
.
-
285
ENE
86
199
.
-
285
E
85
200
.
-
285
ESE
86
200
-
-
286
SE
85
199
5.146
-
5.430
SSE
.
.
-
-
-
S
.
-
-
-
-
ssw
.
-
743
•
743
SW
,
-
2,230
•
2.230
WSW
_
-
2.229
'
2,229
W
.
-
2.230
~
2.230
WNW
85
200
-
"
285
NW
86
200
-
3.449
3.735
NNW
86
200
717
3,823
4.826
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vinylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
POPULATION RESIDING WITHIN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS OF PLANTS PRODUCING VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE*
WISCONSIN
Madison
Oscar Meyer & Co.
DISTANCE
FROM PLANT
(in miles)
0- V4
fc- 1
1-3
3-5
TOTAL
DIRECTION FROM PLANT
TOTAL
3.553
8.028
46.442
73.482
131.505
N
499
726
2.314
808
4,347
NNE
61
564
662
1,287
NE
61
766
247
1,074
ENE
61
946
371
1,378
E
.
60
2,827
371
3.258
ESE
.
629
3,164
3,853
7,646
SE
189
630
9,013
4,939
14.771
SSE
189
630
3.217
12.586
16.622
S
378
630
4.987
1.519
7.514
SSW
378
630
7,667
18,290
26,965
SW
378
250
83
24,720
25,431
WSW
189
374
250
3,769
4.582
W
188
374
-
•
562
WNW
167
250
1.200
"
1,617
NW
499
1,331
4,256
539
6,625
NNW
499
1,331
5,188
808
7,826
•Population figures are based on 1970 SMSA Census Tract Reports. The location and number of plants producing or processing vmylidene chloride in August 1976.
-------
Appendix IX. Population in Traded Areas
Distance from PlantfMiles)
Town and State
Vernon, CA
Pace, FL
Chicago, IL
Lemont, IL
Rmgwood, IL
Cedar Rapids, IA
Davenport, IA
Tecumseh, KS
Lake Charles, LA
Odenton, MD
Avon Lake, OH
Circleville, OH
Cleveland, OH
Bristol, PA
Marcus Hook, PA
Philadelphia, PA
Simpsonville, SC
Goodlettsville, TN
Knoxville, TN
Freeport, TX
Iowa Park, TX
Sherman, TX
Richmond, VA
Madison, WI
Total
499,330
4,949
502,206
38,761
27,893
105,541
174,169
33,999
55,041
43,982
32,487
10,228
442,931
138,993
150,486
627,122
13,191
25,298
147,623
12,079
6,128
21,857
28,778
131,505
0-1/2
53
17,937
647
2,766
3,258
12
51
856
1,267
305
4,054
2,624
1,379
617
4,029
24
1,159
5
856
3,553
1/2-1
209
39,348
647
2,299
5,270
9,283
560
51
1,925
2,618
305
15,004
8,018
10,213
2,125
767
1,850
11,238
24
1,159
14
1,998
8.028
1-3
149,329
2,121
132,512
13,514
11,985
40,651
94,020
3,771
9,712
7,409
8,602
914
207,033
49,351
58,872
264,361
3,070
11,116
64,969
96
3,644
3,059
14,371
46,442
3-5
349,739
2,828
312,409
23,953
13,609
56,854
67,608
29,656
45,227
33,792
20,000
8,704
216,840
79,000
80,022
360,636
9,354
11,715
67,387
11,935
166
18,779
11,553
73,482
TOTAL
3,274,577
45,452
122,953
1,200,924
1,905,248
115
-------
Appendix X. Population in Untracted Areas
(Distance from Plant(Miles)
Town and State
Decatur, AL
Cheswold, DE
Dal ton, GA
Meredosia, IL
Covington, IN
Centemlle, IA
Clinton, IA
Owensboro, KY
Plaquemme. LA
Midland, Ml
Pisgah Forest, NC
Kingsport, TN
Fredencksburg, VA
TOTAL
Total
38,418
23,647
11,654
3,054
4,445
8,283
33,644
19,677
21,816
40,347
6,520
60,467
26,846
0-1/2
423
260
128
34
49
91
370
216
240
444
72
665
295
1/2-1
1,690
1,040
513
134
196
364
1,480
866
960
1,775
287
2,661
1,181
1-3
13,293
8,182
4,032
1,057
1,538
2,866
11,641
6,808
7,548
13,960
2,256
20,922
9,289
3-5
23,012
14,165
6,981
1,829
2,662
4,962
20,153
11,787
13,068
24,168
3,905
36,219
16,081
298,818
3,287
13,147
103,392
178,992
116
-------
Appendix XI. Population by State
Location
Alabama
Decatur
California
Vernon
Delaware
Cheswold
Florida
Pace
Georgia
DaIton
Illinois
Chicago
Lemont
Meredosia
Ringwood
Indiana
Covington
Iowa
Cedar Rapids
Centerville
Clinton
Davenport
Kansas
Tecumseh
Kentucky
Owensboro
Louisiana
Lake Charles
Plaquemine
Maryland
Odenton
Michigan
Midland
Population
38,418
499,330
23,647
4,949
11,654
502,206
38,761
3,054
27,893
4,445
105,541
8,283
33,644
174,169
33,999
19,677
55,041
21,816
43,982
40,347
Company
Minnesota Mining & Manuf. Co.
Monsanto Co.
Oscar Meyer & Co.
Reichhold Polymers, Inc.
American Cyanimid Co,
Dow Chemical Co.
Oscar Meyer & Co.
A.E. Staley Manuf. Co.
National Starch & Chemical Corp,
Morton Chemical Co.
Olin Corp.
Cryovac Division
Union Carbide Corp.
DuPont Co.
Oscar Mever & Co.
DuPont Co.
Dewey & Almy Chemical Div.
PPG Industries, Inc.
Dow Chemical Co.
Amtech, Inc.
Dow Chemical Co.
117
-------
North Carolina
Pisgah Forest
Ohio
Avon Lake
Circleville
Cleveland
Pennsylvania
Bristol
Marcus Hook
Philadelphia
South Carolina
Simpsonville
Tennessee
Goodlettsville
Kingsport
Knoxville
Texas
Iowa Park
Freeport
Sherman
Virginia
Fredericksburg
Richmond
Wisconsin
Madison
TOTAL
6,520
32,487
10,228
442,931
138,993
150,486
627,122
13,191
25,298
60,467
147,623
6,128
12,079
21,857
26,846
28,778
131,505
3,573,395
01in Corp.
B.F. Goodrich Chemical Co.
DuPont Co.
American Can Co.
Rohm & Haas, Inc.
FMC Corp.
Oscar Meyer & Co.
Cryovac Division
Oscar Meyer & Co.
Eastman Chemical Products, Inc.
Rohm & Haas, Inc.
Cryovac Division
Dow Chemical
Oscar Meyer & Co.
FMC Corp.
DuPont Co.
Oscar Meyer & Co,
118
-------
Appendix XII. Population by Company
Company
American Can Co.
American Cyanimid Co.
Amtech, Inc.
Cryovac Division
Population
442,931
4,949
43,982
105,541
13,191
6,128
Dewey & Almy Chemical Div. 19,677
Dow Chemical Co. 11,654
21,816
40,347
12,079
DuPont Co.
Eastman Chemical
Products, Inc.
33,644
33,999
10,228
28,778
60,467
150,486
26,846
FMC Corp.
B.F. Goodrich Chemical Co. 32,487
38,418
Minnesota Mining and
Manufacturing Co.
Monsanto Co.
Morton Chemical Co.
National Starch and
Chemical Corp.
Olin Corp.
27,893
3,054
4,445
6,520
Location
Cleveland, OH
Pace, FL
Odenton, MD
Cedar Rapids, IA
Simpsonville, SC
Iowa Park, TX
Owensboro, KY
Dalton, GA
Plaquemine, LA
Midland, MI
Freeport, TX
Clinton, IA
Tecumseh, KS
Circleville, OH
Richmond, VA
Kingsport, TN
Marcus Hook, PA
Fredericksburg, VA
Avon Lake, OH
Decatur, AL
Decatur, AL
Ringwood, IL
Meredosia, IL
Covington, IN
Pisgah Forest, NC
119
-------
Oscar Meyer & Co.
PPG Industries, Inc.
Reichhold Ploymers, Inc.
Rohm & Haas, Inc..
A.E. Staley Manuf. Co.
Union Carbide Corp.
499,330
502,206
174,169
627,122
25,298
21,857
131,505
55,041
23,647
138,993
147,623
38,761
8,283
Vernon, CA
Chicago, IL
Davenport, IA
Philadelphia, PA
Goodlettsville, TN
Sherman, TX
Madison, WI
Lake Charles, LA
Cheswold, DE
Bristol, PA
Knoxville, TN
Lemont, IL
Centerville, IA
TOTAL
3,573,395
120
-------
Appendix XIII. Cumulative Population by Plant
Population Percent
627,122
502,206
499,330
442,931
174,169
150,486
147,623
138,993
131,505
105,541
60,467
55,041
43,982
40,347
38,761
38,418
33,999
33,644
32,487
28,778
27,893
26,846
25,298
23,647
21,857
21,816
19,677
13,191
12,079
11,654
10,228
8,283
6,520
6,128
4,949
4,445
3,054
17.5
14.0
14.0
12.4
4.9
4.2
4.1
3.9
3.7
3.0
.7
.5
.2
.1
.1
.1
.0
.9
.9
.8
.8
.8
.7
.7
.6
.6
.6
.4
.3
.3
.3
.2
.2
.2
.1
.1
.1
Cumulative
Population
627,122
1,129,328
1,628,658
2,071,589
2,245,758
2,396,244
2,543,867
2,682,860
2,814,365
2,919,906
2,980,373
3,035,414
3,079,396
3,119,743
3,158,504
3,196,922
3,230,921
3,264,565
3,297,052
3,325,830
3,353,723
3,380,569
3,405,867
3,429,514
3,451,371
3,473,187
3,492,864
3,506,055
3,518,134
3,529,788
3,540,016
3,548,299
3,554,819
3,560,947
3,565,896
3,570,341
3,573,395
Cumulative
Percent
17.5
31.5
45.5
57.9
62.8
67.0
71.1
75.0
78.7
81.7
83.4
84.9
86.1
87.2
88.3
89.4
90.4
91.3
92.2
93.0
93.8
94.6
95.3
96.0
96.6
97.2
97.8
98.2
98.5
98.8
99.1
99.3
99.5
99.7
99.8
99.9
100.0
Location
Philadelphia, PA
Chicago, IL
Vernon, CA
Cleveland, OH
Davenport, IA
Marcus Hook, PA
Knoxville.TN
Bristol, TN
Madison, WI
Cedar Rapids, IA
Kmgsport, TN
Lake Charles, LA
Odenton, MD
Midland, MI
Lemont, IL
Decatur, AL
Tecumsch, KS
Clinton, IA
Avon Lake, OH
Richmond, VA
Ringwood, IL
Fredncksburg, VA
Coodlettsville, TN
Cheswold, DE
Sherman, TX
Plaquemme, LA
Owensboro, KY
Simpsonville, SC
Freeport, TX
Dalton, GA
Circleville, OH
Centerville, IA
Pisgah Forest, NC
Iowa Park, TX
Pace, FL
Covmgton, IN
Meredosia, IL
121
-------
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instruction* on the reverse before completing)
i. REPORT NO.
EPA 560/6/76-022
2.
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION-NO.
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Epidemiology Studies
Task IV Vinylidene Chloride
6 REPORT DATE
August 1976
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7. AUTHOR(S)
Emanuel Landau
Nicholas E. Manos
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
American Public Health Association
1015 Eighteenth St. N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036
18. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
68-01-2490
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
Office of Toxic Substances
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401 M. St. S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Final Report
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
Estimation of population residing near plants producing or
processing vinylidene chloride.
16. ABSTRACT
This report presents estimates of the population residing
within five miles of plants currently producing or processing
vinylidene chloride and the methodology used for estimation.
It is estimated that 3.6 million persons reside within five
miles of the 38 plants that have been identified. These estimates
are presented by age, sex, direction and distance from the plant
for each of the 38 plants individually.
For the plants located in Standard Metropolitan Statistical
Areas that have been divided into "census tracts", census tracts
and the population was estimated from Bureau of the Census
publications giving the 1970 population for census tracts. For
plants located in untracted areas, the estimates were made using
Bureau of the Census maps of county subdivisions and publications
giving the 1970 population for county subdivisions.
7.
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
b.lDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS C. COSATI Field/GlOUp
Vinylidene Chloride
Dichloroethylene
1,1 Dichloro-ethylene
Population Exposure
Census of Population
Census Tracts
Toxic Substances
Population Estimate:
8. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
19 SECURITY CLASS (ThisReport)
T1nr?1
21. NO. OF PAGES
121
20 SECURITY CLASS (Thispage)
22 PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73)
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