ORIENTATION SESSION
FOR
FEDERAL AGENCIES
ON
EMERGENCY AIR EPISODE PROCEEDURES
REGION II
SEPTEMBER 14, 1972 - NYC, N.Y
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PROGRAM
Orentation Session for Federal Agencies
on
Emergency Air Episode Proceedures
Region II
September 14, 1972
New York City
1) Introduction Kenneth L. Johnson - Director
Division of Air and Water
2) Air Emergency Episode Proceedures for Federal Facilities -
Harry A. Ike - Chief
Federal Facilities Section
3) Air Emergency Episode Proceedures for Federal Facilities -
Region II
Lester L. Nagel
Senior Project Engineer
4) Question and Answer Session
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Table of Enclosures
1) The Clean Air Act - 1970
2) Presidents Executive Order #11507
3) Air Emergency Episode Proceedures for Federal Facilities
4) Appendix I - for Federal Facilities - Region II
5) Map - Air Quality Control Region - New Jersey
6) Map - Air Quality Control Region - New York State
7) Chart - Episode Pollutant values for New York and New Jersey
8) Chart - Implementation Functional System for Episodes
9} Emergency Control Act - New Jersey
10) Chapter 12 - Air Pollution Emergencies - New Jersey
11) Air Pollution Emergency Control Operations - New York
12) Emergency Control - Air Pollution Warning System - New York City
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EXECUTIVE ORDER 11507
dated
February 4, 1970
PREVENTION, CONTROL AND ABATEMENT OF
AIR AND WATER POLLUTION AT
FEDERAL FACILITIES
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE
Public Health Service
Environmental Health Service
National Air Pollution Control Administration
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Control of Air and Water Pollution
at Federal Facilities
Statement by the President Upon Signing Executive
Order 11507. February 4,1970
A wise man once told a friend, "What you do speaks so
loudly, I cannot hear what you say." Because actions speak
louder than words, I have today issued an Executive or-
der which will eliminate air and water pollution caused
by Federal facilities.
Over the past several years, the Federal Government
has become one of the Nation's worst polluters. Clearly,
the Federal Government cannot be an effective leader in
the battle to save the environment so long as this intol-
erable situation continues.
The order I am issuing today will require that all proj-
ects or installations owned by or leased to the Fedeial
Government be designed, operated, and maintained so
as to conform with air and water quality standards—
present and future—which are established under Federal
legislation.
Specific performance requirements for each facility
will be set b> agency heads with the approval of the Sec-
retary of Health, Education, and Welfare in the case of
air pollution controls and the Secretary of the Interior
in the case of water pollution controls. All existing facili-
ties must comply with this order by December 31, 1972.
The order establishesa $359 million program for achiev-
ing this objective and prohibits the transfer of these funds
to other programs. The order also requires that all facilities
which are built in the future must be pollution free;
budget requests for new facilities must include all neces-
sary funds for pollution control.
Orders similar to this one have been issued in the
past but their requirements have been ambiguously
worded, poorly enforced, and generally ineffective. This
order remedies the deficiencies of these earlier efforts: It
sets precise standards, it provides for strict enforcement,
and it guarantees that pollution control funds will not be
diverted to other uses. The order also establishes proce-
dures for operating pollution control facilities, handling
materials which may cause air or water pollution, and
eliminating pollution of ground waters.
The order I am issuing today represents another im-
portant step in our efforts to clean up the environment,
one which takes advantage of the fact that Federal legis-
lation already sets quality standards for air and water.
There are other Federal activities, of course, which affect
the environment in other important ways. I have asked
the Environmental Quality Council to maintain surveil-
lance over such activities and to recommend any further
actions which may be needed.
Federal facilities are owned by all the people. This
order will see to it that they are operated in the interests
of all the people. As the Federal Government considers
and institutes further pollution abatement measures in the
future, it can do so with the confidence that it has first
moved to sweep its own doorstep clean.
NOTE- For the text of the Executive order, see the following item
Control of Air and Water Pollution
at Federal Facilities
Executive Order 11507. February 4,1970
PREVENTION, CONTROL, AND ABATEMENT OF AIR AND
WATER POLLUTION AT FEDERAL FACILITIES
By virtue of the authority vested in me as President
of the United States and in furtherance of the purpose
and policy of the Clean Air Act, as amended (42 U.S.C.
1857), the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as
amended (33 U.S C 466), and the National Environ-
mental Policy Act of 1969 (Public Law No. 91-190,
approved January 1, 1970), it is ordered as follows:
SECTION 1. Policy. It is the intent of this order that
the Federal Government in the design, operation, and
maintenance of its facilities shall provide leadership in the
nationwide effort to protect and enhance the quality of
our air and water resources.
SEC. 2. Definitions As used in this order:
(a) The term "respective Secretary" shall mean the
Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare in matters
pertaining to air pollution control and the Secretary of
the Interior in matters pertaining to water pollution
control.
(b) The term "agencies" shall mean the departments,
agencies, and establishments of the executive branch.
(c) The term "facilities" shall mean the buildings, in-
stallations, structures, public works, equipment, aircraft,
vessels, and other vehicles and property, owned by or
constructed or manufactured for the purpose of leasing to
the Federal Government.
(d) The term "air and water quality standards" shall
mean respectively the quality standards and related plans
of implementation, including emission standards, adopted
pursuant to the Clean Air Act, as amended, and the Fed-
eral Water Pollution Control Act, as amended, or as
prescribed pursuant to section 4(b) of this order.
(e) The term "performance specifications" shall mean
permissible limits of emissions, discharges, or other values
applicable to a particular Federal facility that would, as a
minimum, provide for conformance with air and water
quality standards as defined herein.
(f) The term "United States" shall mean the fifty
States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of
Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Guam.
SEC. 3. Responsibilities, (a) Heads of agencies shall,
with regard to all facilities under their jurisdiction:
(1) Maintain review and surveillance to ensure that
the standards set forth in section 4 of this order are met
on a continuing basis.
(2) Direct particular attention to identifying potential
air and water quality problems associated with the use and
production of new materials and make provisions for their
prevention and control.
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(3) Consult with the respective Secretary concerning
the best techniques and methods available for the protec-
tion and enhancement of air and water quality.
(4) Develop and publish procedures, within six months
of the date of this order, to ensure that the facilities under
their jurisdiction are in conformity with this order. In
the preparation of such procedures there shall be
timely and appropriate consultation with the respective
Secretary.
(b) The respective Secretary shall provide leadership
in implementing this order, including the provision of
technical advice and assistance to the heads of agencies
in connection with their duties and responsibilities under
this order.
(c) The Council on Environmental Quality shall main-
tain continuing review of the implementation of this order
and shall, from time to time, report to the President
thereon.
SEC. 4. Standards, (a) Heads of agencies shall ensure
that all facilities under their jurisdiction are designed,
operated, and maintained so as to meet the following
requirements:
(1) Facilities shall conform to air and water quality
standards as denned in section 2(d) of this order. In
those cases where no such air or water quality standards
are in force for a particular geographical area, Federal
facilities in that area shall conform to the standards estab-
lished pursuant to subsection (b) of this section. Federal
facilities shall also conform to the performance specifica-
tions provided for in this order.
(2) Actions shall be taken to avoid or minimize wastes
created through the complete cycle of operations of each
facility.
(3) The use of municipal or regional waste collection
or disposal systems shall be the preferred method of dis-
posal of wastes from Federal facilities. Whenever use of
such a system is not feasible or appropriate, the heads of
agencies concerned shall take necessary measures for the
satisfactory disposal of such wastes, including:
(A) When appropriate, the installation and operation
of their own waste treatment and disposal facilities in a
manner consistent with this section.
(B) The provision of trained manpower, laboratory
and other supporting facilities as appropriate to meet the
requirements of this section.
(C) The establishment of requirements that operators
of Federal pollution control facilities meet levels of pro-
ficiency consistent with the operator certification require-
ments of the State in which the facility is located. In the
absence of such State requirements the respective Secre-
tary may issue guidelines, pertaining to operator quali-
fications and performance, for the use of heads of agencies.
(4) The use, storage, and handling of all materials,
including but not limited to, solid fuels, ashes, petroleum
products, and other chemical and biological agents, shall
be carried out so as to avoid or minimize the possibilities
for water and air pollution When appropriate, preventive
measures shall be taken to entrap spillage or discharge or
otherwise to prevent accidental pollution. Each agency, in
consultation with the respective Secretary, shall estab-
lish appropriate emergency plans and procedures for
dealing with accidental pollution.
(5) No waste shall be disposed of or discharged in such
a manner as could result in the pollution of ground water
which would endanger the health or welfare of the public.
(6) Discharges of radioactivity shall be in accordance
with the applicable rules, regulations, or requirements of
the Atomic Energy Commission and with the policies and
guidance of the Federal Radiation Council as published
in the Federal Register.
(b) In those cases where there arc no air or water
quality standards as defined in section 2(d) of this order
in force for a particular geographic area or in those cases
where more stringent requirements are deemed advisable
for Federal facilities, the respective Secretary, in consul-
tation with appropriate Federal, State, interstate, and
local agencies, may issue regulations establishing air or
water quality standards for the purpose of this order, in-
cluding related schedules for implementation.
(c) The heads of agencies, in consultation with the
respective Secretary, may from time to time identify fa-
cilities or uses thereof which are to be exempted, includ-
ing temporary relief, from provisions of this order in the
interest of national security or in extraordinary cases where
it is in the national interest Such exemptions shall be re-
viewed periodically by the respective Secretary and the
heads of the agencies concerned. A report on exemptions
granted shall be submitted to the Council on Environ-
mental Quality periodically.
SEC. 5. Procedures for abatement of air and water
pollution at existing Federal facilities, (a) Actions neces-
sary to meet the requirements of subsections (a) (1) and
(b) of section 4 of this order pertaining to air and water
pollution at existing facilities are to be completed or under
way no later than December 31, 1972. In cases where
an enforcement conference called pursuant to law or
air and water quality standards require earlier actions,
the earlier date shall be applicable.
(b) In order to ensure full compliance with the re-
quirements of section 5(a) and to facilitate budgeting
for necessary corrective and preventive measures, heads
of agencies shall present to the Director of the Bureau
of the Budget by June 30, 1970, a plan to provide for
such improvements as may be necessary to meet the re-
quired date. Subsequent revisions needed to keep any such
plan up-to-date shall be promptly submitted to the Direc-
tor of the Bureau of the Budget.
(c) Heads of agencies shall notify the respective Secre-
tary as to the performance specifications proposed for each
facility to meet the requirements of subsections 4 (a) (1)
and (b) of this order. Where the respective Secretary finds
that such performance specifications are not adequate
to meet such requirements, he shall consult with the
agency head and the latter shall thereupon develop ade-
quate performance specifications.
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(d) As may be found necessary, heads of agencies may
submit requests to the Director of the Bureau of the
Budget for extensions of time for a project beyond the
time specified in section 5(a). The Director, in consul-
tation with the respective Secretary, may approve such
request if the Director deems that such project is not tech-
nically feasible or immediately necessary to meet the re-
quirements of subsections 4 (a) and (b). Full justification
as to the extraordinary circumstances necessitating any
such extension shall be required.
(e) Heads of agencies shall not use for any other pur-
pose any of the amounts appropriated and apportioned
for corrective and preventive measures necessary to meet
the requirements of subsection (a) for the fiscal year end-
ing June 30, 1971, and for any subsequent fiscal year.
SEC. 6. Procedures for new Federal facilities, (a) Heads
of agencies shall ensure that the requirements of section 4
of this order are considered at the earliest possible stage
of planning for new facilities.
(b) A request for funds to defray the cost of design-
ing and constructing new facilities in the United States
shall be included in the annual budget estimates of an
agency uiuy 11 sucn request memoes mnas lu ucnay uic
costs of such measures as may be necessary to assure that
the new facility will meet the requirements of section 4
of this order.
(c) Heads of agencies shall notify the respective Secre-
tary as to the performance specifications proposed for
each facility when action is necessary to meet the require-
ments of subsections 4 (a)(l) and (b) of this order.
Where the respective Secretary finds that such perform-
ance specifications are not adequate to meet such re-
quirements he shall consult with the agency head and the
latter shall thereupon develop adequate performance
specifications.
(d) Heads of agencies shall give due consideration to
the quality of air and water resources when facilities are
constructed or operated outside the United States.
SEC. 7. Procedures for Federal water resources projects.
(a) All water resources projects of the Departments of
Agriculture, the Interior, and the Army, the Tennessee
Valley Authority, and the United States Section of the
International Boundary and Water Commission shall be
consistent with the requirements of section 4 of this order.
In addition, all such projects shall be presented for the
consideration of the Secretary of the Interior at the earliest
feasible stage if they involve proposals or recommenda-
tions with respect to the authorization or construction of
any Federal water resources project in the United States.
The Secretary of the Interior shall review plans and sup-
porting data for all such projects relating to water qual-
ity, and shall prepare a report to the head of the respon-
sible agency describing the potential impact of the project
on water quality, including recommendations concerning
any changes or other measures with respect thereto which
he considers to be necessary in connection with the design,
construction, and operation of the project.
(b) The report of the Secretary of the Interior shall
accompany at the earliest practicable stage any report pro-
posing authorization or construction, or a request for
funding, of such a water resource project. In any case
in which the ^Secretary of the Interior fails to submit a
report within 90 days after receipt of project plans, the
head of the agency concerned may propose authorization,
construction, or funding of the project without such an ac-
companying report. In such a case, the head of the agency
concerned shall explicitly state in his request or report con-
cerning the project that the Secretary of the Interior has
not reported on the potential impact of the project on
water quality.
SEC. 8. Saving provisions. Except to the extent that
they are inconsistent with this order, all outstanding rules,
regulations, orders, delegations, or other forms of admin-
istrative action issued, made, or otherwise taken under
the orders superseded by section 9 hereof or relating to
the subject of this order shall remain in full force and effect
until amended, modified, or terminated by proper
authority.
SEC. 9. Orders superseded. Executive Order No. 11282
of May 26, 1966, and Executive Order No. 11288 of
July 2, 1966, are hereby superseded.
RICHARD NIXON
The White House
February 4,1970
[Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 12-33 pm,
February 4, 1970]
NOTE For a statement by the President upon signing the Executive
order, see the preceding item.
• U S GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1970—395-980/57
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AIR EMERGENCY EPISODE PROCEDURES
FOR
FEDERAL FACILITIES
In accordance with The Clean Air Act of 1970 as amended under
Section 105 (a) (1) (c) (3) and directly relating to Sections 110
and 303, it became necessary for each State to develop an Air
Emergency Episode Plan as part of their Implementation Plan submitted
to the Administrator, Environmental Protection Agency on or before
January 30, 1972.
In accordance with Section 118 of the referenced Act it therefore
becomes necessary for Federal Agencies to develop and establish
procedures that they will follow during such Air Emergency Episodes
or Atmospheric Inversions as they are commonly known.
An Atmospheric Inversion (Emergency Episode) usually occurs when
a stagnant air mass does not permit the lower warm air layer to rise
into the upper atmosphere but is held down by a cold air mass over it.
This condition results in concentrating the normal pollutant
emissions within a given area to such an extent that particulate
and or gaseous pollutants rise to levels injurious to the public's
health.
State Air Emergency Episode programs are generally based upon
four sequential stages or conditions, namely
1. Forecast (or Advisory)
2. Alert
3. Warning
4. Emergency
Each of the states has developed, to some extent, a weather warning
advisory system coordinated with U.S. Weather Service Activities.
The current sequential actions that are usually initiated under
such plans are as follows:
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The initial warning can originate from a state's monitoring
air network but is usually initiated by a U.S. Weather Service
Advisory. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Emergency
Operations Control Center (EOCC) at Research Triangle Park,
North Carolina initiates the successive stages of any episode.
The "advisory" will indicate that for the next 24 to 36
hours a potential air stagnation and atmosphere inversion con-
dition is expected to exist. This constitutes the basis for a
"Forecast" or "Advisory" stage of an air episode.
The respective States' air monitoring system immediately
prepare to activate supplemental monitoring equipment in addition
to their normal data gathering system.
As this data is received and analyzed the successive episode
stages of "Alert", "Warning" and "Emergency" may be activated
should the levels of the monitored pollutants increase to pre-
specified values for given periods of time. Details of these
successive stages in terms of specific pollutant levels and times
are not given here as they do not involve the Federal Agencies
programmed actions as developed for each respective stage of any
episode activated.
For reference purposes federal facilities are to utilize the
appropriate state(s) and local agencies APC documents, or their
latest revision, as guidelines for actions and procedures which
they have or will have developed for Air Emergency episode
conditions within a particular regional area as shown in attach-
ments supplied by each Regional Office.
The following Federal Agencies having important impact within
the areas of a Region would be involved in these procedures:
Department Agency
D.O.D. Army
'-' Navy
11 Air Force
" Corps of Engineers
6.S.A. G.S.A.
P.O. Post Office
Transportation Coast Guard
Dependent upon a Federal Agency's activities within a given
EPA Region, Federal Agencies other than those listed above, could
be involved. The respective EPA Regional Federal Facilities
function will determine those Federal Agencies that might have an
important impact witliin such a regional area. These would also
be included in this Air Emergency Episode program.
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The following general procedures have been developed for Federal
^Facilities during such Air Episode conditions:
1. Upon notification to a pre-arranged contact in the
Regional Administrator's office by either a State, a U.S. Weather
Service Advisory and/or EPA's EOCC, the advisory information will
be given to a similar pre-aranged contact who is a member of the
Federal Facilities function within that regional office.
2. It is then the responsibility of the Federal Facilities
function to notify each of the listed Federal Agencies of this initial
stage and any subsequent stages of any episode which develops.
3. It will then be the responsibility of each Federal Agency
to notify all its agency sources within the respective Air Quality
Control Region(s) involved.
4. As each episode stage develops the above procedure will
be followed including the final advisory that concludes the episode.
When monitored pollutant value levels and Weather Service ad-
visories indicate a return to normal conditions the respective Weather
Service and EPA's EOCC will advise as to the time at which the episode
may be considered to be ended.
Federal Agencies are to initiate the formation of a plan which,
under such air emergency episode incidents, can be placed in operation
for each step of such episodes as activated.
The following recommendations are therefore made for use as guide-
lines to Agencies in the preparation of such plans:
1. Fuel Burning Operations: Stationary Sources
"Advisory or Forecast" Stages
a. Closer surveillance and regulation of air to
fuel ratios.
"Alert" Stage
b. Load switching so that a higher load factor on the
most efficient units can be maintained and less
efficient units shut down.
"Warning" Stage
c. Fuel Switching where practical.
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"Emergency" Stage
d. Shutdown of all non-essential sources.
2. Refuse Disposal Incineration
"Alert" Stage
a. Segregation procedures at the various facility's
sources to eliminate incombustibles thereby
increasing burning efficiency and reduction in
residue removal operations and burning period)s).
"Warning" Stage
b. Revision of normal burning periods to eliminate
burning during morning and evening hours.
"Emergency" Stage
c. Use of planned storage facilities of sufficient
capacity to eliminate incinerator operations during
episode periods (5 day max.)'
3. Industrial Process Operations
"Alert" Stage
a. Curtail to shutdown status all power consuming opera-
tions not directly involved in essential production
line activities (forklifts, platform trains, all
propelled interdepartment vehicles except those
utilizing electric or L.P. gas propulsion).
b. Under "warning" stage conditions curtail minor
production lines.
c. Under "emergency" stage conditions curtail all
process operations except those considered vital to
imminent defense operations status.
4. Fuel Burning Operations - Mobil Sources
"Forecast" Stage
a. Reduction of vehicular traffic and vessels not
essential to normal activities.
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"Alert"Stage
b. Curtailment of the use of vehicles and vessels not
essential to off base transportation and/or activities.
"Warning" Stage
c. Restriction of vehicles and vessels not engaged in
vital on or off base activities.
"Emergency" Stage
d. Prohibition of movement of all vehicles and vessels not
essential to the facilities emergency and/or national
defense operations.
In order to implement the outlined procedures it will be necessary
for the regional Federal Facilities function and all of the participating
agencies to designate a prime and alternate contact. The following
information from each agency,is, therefore, essential:
a. Full name of prime contact and agency designation.
b. Full name of alternate contact.
c. Agency phone(s) and address and the home phone numbers
of both the prime and alternate contacts will be required.
This regional emergency air episode plan, as outlined, will
operate on a 24 hour, 7 day per week basis.
It is required that each Federal Agency send, through their
respective headquarters, a copy of their developed regional emergency
air episode plan to:
Office of Federal Activities
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Waterside Mall Building
4th & M Streets S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460
The full cooperation of all of the Federal Agencies which are or
may become involved in this program is essential.
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APPENDIX I
AIR EMERGENCY EPISODE PROCEDURES
FOR
FEDERAL FACILITIES - REGION II
Federal Facilities located within that portion of U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency's Region II encompassing the States of New
Jersey and New York are to utilize the following documents, or their
latest revision, as guidelines for actions and procedures which they
have or will develop for Air Emergency episode conditions within the
referenced regional area.
1. State.of New Jersey - Chapter 12 - Tables I, II, and III
and Sections 1-5 effective March 27, 1972.
2. New York State - Air Pollution Emergency Control
Operations, Draft No. 2 Dated February, -1972.
3. New-York City - Implementation Manual of Air Pollution
Warning System Dated June 1, 1971.
The respective states of New York and New Jersey each has
developed a weather advisory system as outlined in the referenced
documents and has coordinated these with Environmental Protection
Agency's EOCC and U.S. Weather Service Activities.
The following Federal Facility Agencies, within the States of
New Jersey and New York (Region II) will be involved in these procedures:
Department Agency
D.O.D. . Army
" Navy
" Air Force
Corps of Engr.
G.S.A. G.S.A.
P.O. Post Office
Transportation Coast Guard
Federal Facilities of these agencies are to initiate the forma-
tion of a plan which, under such air emergency episode incidents, can
be placed in operation for each step of such episodes as recommended
in the "procedures" guidelines attached.
Procedures developed by the respective regional office, Federal
Facility Function will vary in minor respects for each region involved
however for your immediate concern and interest the following notifi-
cation procedure has been developed by the Federal Facility Function
for Region II as follows:
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1. Upon notification to a pre-arranged contact in the
regional administrator's office in New York City by either a State,
a U.S. Weather Service Advisory and/or EPA's EOCC, the advisory
information will he given to a similar pre-arranged contact who is
a member of the Federal Facility's Function, Region II.
2. It is then the responsibility of the Regional Federal
Facility designee to notify each of the previously listed Federal
Agencies of this initial stage and subsequent stages of any episode
which may develop.
3. For Region II, the following personnel are your
emergency episode contacts:
Lester L. Nagel, 54 Dale Drive Summit, New Jersey
Office - 212-264-9639
Home - 201-273-7131
Harry A. Ike, 105 Cindy Court, Middlesex, N.J. 08846
Office - 212-264-0939
Home - 201-752-7409
4. Upon notification by the Federal Facilities contact,
it will be the responsibility of each Federal Agency to notify all
its^agency sources within the respective Air Quality Control Regions
involved.
5. As each episode stage develops the above procedure will be
followed including the final advisory that concludes the episode.
In order to implement the outlined procedure it will be necessary
for all of the participating agencies to designate a prime and alternate
contact. The following information from each agency is, therefore,
essential:
a. Full name of prime contact and agency designation.
b. Full name of alternate contact.
c. Agency phone(s) and address and the home phone
numbers.of both the prime and alternate-'contacts
are required.
The emergency air episode plans, as outlined, will operate on a
24 hour, 7 day per week basis.
The full cooperation of the all of the Federal agencies that
are involved in this program is hereby requested.
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CRITERIA FOR REGIONAL AIR POLLUTION ALERT
STAGNATION ADVISORY AS
""" — •— ^^^ STAGE
PARAMETER^"""""*"1*—^^^
WEATHER
AND
SULFUR DIOXIDE (S02)
OR
PARTICULATES (COHS)
OR
(S02) x (PARTICULATES]
OR
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
(N02)
OR
CARBON MONOXIDE
(CO)
OR
WEATHER AND OXIDANTS
A PREREQUISITE
FORECAST
36-HOUR AIR
STAGNATION ADVISORY
EXPECTATION OF
SUNSHINE AND
STAGNATION
TOMORROW
ALERT I
SI' AGNATION ADVISORY
(36 HR) WITH AT
LEAST 12 HOURS
REMAINING +
0.3 ppm/6 hrs.
OR
5.0 COHS/6 HRS
3.0 COHS/24 HRS
OR
0.5 ppm-COHS/24 HRS
OR
0.8 ppm/HR
0.2 ppm/24 HRS
OR
15 ppm/3 HRS
OR
0.15 ppmM hrs.
TODAY
ALERT II*
STAGNATION ADVISORY
(36 HR) WITH AT
LEAST 12 HOURS
REMAINING +
0.5 ppm/6 hrs.
OR
7.0 COHS/6 HRS
6.0 COHS/24 HRS
OR
0.8 ppm-COHS/24 HRS
OR
1.2 ppm/HR
0.3 ppm/24 HRS
OR
30 ppm/8 HRS
OR
0.25 ppm/4 hrs.
TODAY
EMERGENCY*
STAGNATION ADVISORY
(36 HR) WITH AT
LEAST 12 HOURS
REMAINING +
0.6 ppm/24 hrs.
OR
7.0 COHS/24 HRS
OR
1.2 ppm-COHS/24 HRS
OR
1.6 ppm/HR
0.4 ppm/24 HRS
OR
40 ppm/8 HRS
OR
0.35 ppm/4 hrs.
TODAY
*THE CRITERIA FOR A POLLUTANT ALERT IS IDENTICAL TO THAT REQUIRED FOR THE ALERT II AND EMERGENCY STAGES
OF A REGIONAL ALERT. A POLLUTANT ALERT MAY BE DECLARED IN THE ABSENCE OF AN OFFICIAL 36 HR STAGNATION
ADVISORY IF ALERT II CRITERIA IS REACHED OR EXCEEDED.
AIR 185(3-72)
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PROCEEDURES FOR METEOROLOGICALLY INDUCED AIR EPISODES
METEOROLOGICAL DATA
1. US-WSFO
2. EOCC-RTP
3. ISC
AIR QUALITY
1. NJ-NY-NYC
TELEMETRY SYSTEM
2. FEDERAL MONITORS
(S&A-REGION II)
3. ISC
AIR STAGNATION ADVISORY (INITIAL STAGE)
REGION II EOCC
(OFFICE OF AIR PROGRAMS)
ALERT-WARNING-EMERGENCY STAGES
FEDERAL FACILITY
SECT.-REGION II
EOCC-RTP
STATE AGENCIES
i
LOCAL AGENCIES
EPA-REGION II
PUBLIC AFFAIRS
OFFICE
LEGEND
EOCC - EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CONTROL CENTER
US-WSFO - UNITED STATES - WEATHER SERVICE FORECAST OFFICE - N.Y.C.
RTP - RESEACH TRIANGLE PARK, N.C.
ISC - INTERSTATE SANITATION COMMISSION
S&A - SURVAILLANCE & ANALYSIS
AOCR - AIR QUALITY CONTR.OL REGION
FEDERAL AGENCIES
REGION II
NEW RELEASES
FEDERAL
INSTALLATIONS
IN EPISODE AQCR'S
-------
NEW JERSEY
AIR POLLUTION
CONTROL LAWS
Pub/iihed by the New Jeuey Stole Department of
Health, Air Pollution Control Program, John Filch
Plaza, Trenton, N J. 08625
EMERGENCY CONTROL ACT
P L. 1967. c 108 (TiMe 26, 2G26-36) Supplemenli Air Pollution Control Act (P. L. 1954. c. 212).
NOTE: Other portions of the 1954 Act, as amended, and other oir pollution laws are available.
They include-
Genera' Provisions of 1954 Act as
amended
Motor Vehicle Law
Permit for Construction, Installation and
Alteration of Equipment
Air Pollution Scholarship and
Intern Program
Tax Exemption for Air and Water Pollu-
tion Control Equipment
Mid-Atlantic States Air Pollution Control
Compact
An Act providing for emergency air
pollution controls, and supplementing the "Air
Pollution Control Act (I9<4)"
W. IT UMACTEI) by the Senate and Gen-
eral Assembly of I he Stale of New Jersey
C. 26: 2C-26
This acl shall he known and may be
tiled as the "An I'olliilion emergency Control
\Ll
C. 26: 2C-27
The Legislature finds and declares that
,nr pnlluiion m.iy il ceri.im limes nnd in cer-
i.nn |il.ices so seriously affect the health of the
public and so diicctly IhreJlcn the lives of large
poilions of the population as to warrant the
provision of emergency powers as in this act
provided lo prevent or minimize disasters of
unforsecablc proportions
C. 26: 2C-28
As used in this act "area" means and
refers not only to that portion or portions of
the State .is shall be described in the air pol-
lution emergency declaration of the Governor
but also to any other portion or portions of the
Sute where activities are carried on which con-
tribute or may contribute to the air pollution
emergency in the portion or portions of the
Slate described in the Governor's declaration.
C. 26: 2C-29
If the Stale Commissioner of Health de-
termines at any time that air pollution, in any
county, locality, place or other area in the
State constitutes an unreasonable and emer-
gency risk lo the health of those present within
said area of the Slate, such determination shall
be communicated in writing, with the factual
findings on which such determination is based.
to the Governor, the commissioner may dele-
gate in writing 10 any employee of the depart-
ment the power lo make such determination and
deliver the same to the Governor in the absence
of the commissioner from the State Upon be-
ing so advised the Governor may by proclama-
tion declare, as lo all or any part of said area
mentioned in the aforesaid determination, that
an nir pollution emergency exists, and upon
making such declaration the Governor shall
have the following powers which he may ex-
ercise in whole or in pan by the issuance of an
order or orders
(a) To prohibit, restrict or condition motor
vehicle travel of every kind, including trucks
and buses, in the area,
(b) To prohibit, restrict or condition the
operation of retail, commeru.il. m imifactur-
ing. industn.il. or similar activity in the area.
(c) To prohibit, restrict or condition oper-
ation of incinerators in the area,
(d) To prohibit re-viral 01 coruliti.in the
burning pi ullu-r ion u.'ipliiMi .if am type of
furl in ilii 11c.i
(c) To piohihn IOIIH.I or mi.dition (he
burning i't in\ iniu-u'ls «liit»ne»ei in the
.in i.
(f) To prohibit, restrict or condition any
and :ill other activity in the area which con-
tributes or may contribute to the air pollution
emergency
C. 26: SC-30
The declaration by proclamation of the
Governor ot nn uir pollution emergency and
any oidcr issued by Ihc Governor pursuant to
such declaration shall be given maximum pub-
licity throughout the State
C. 26: 2C-3I
Any gubernatorial order may be amended
or modified by further gubernatorial orders.
Said order or orders shall not require any
judicial or other order or confirmation of
any type in order to become immediately effec-
tive :ib (he legal obligation of all persons, firms,
corporations and other entities within the State
Said order shall remain in effect for the dura-
tion of lime set forth in same, and if no time
limit is specified in said order, same shall remain
in effect until the Governor declares by further
proclamation that the emergency has terminated
C. 26: 2C-32
The aforesaid orders of the Governor
shall be enforced by the Departments of Health.
Defense, and the State and local police and air
pollution enforcement personnel forces. Those
enforcing any Governor's order shall require no
further authority or warrant in executing same
than the issuance of the order itself Those
authorized to enforce said orders may use such
reasonable force as is required in the enforce-
ment thereof, and may take such reasonable
steps ns are required to assure compliance
therewith including, but without limiting the
generality of the foregoing, the following-
(a) Entering any property or establishment
whatsoever, commercial, industriil. or resi-
dential, believed to be violating said order
(excepting single or double family homes or
any dwelling unit within a multiple dwelling
unit larger than a double family home) and,
if a request does not produce compliance.
causing compliance with said order.
(b) Stopping, detounng, rerouting, and pro-
hibiting motor vehicle travel and traffic,
(c) Disconnecting incinerator or other types
of combustion facilities.
(d) Terminating all burning activities;
(e) Closing down or restricting the use of
any business, commercial, retail, manufactur-
ing, industrial or other establishment.
Where any person authorized lo enforce
such an order believes or suspects that same
LS being violated in a single or double family
residence or within the dwelling portion of a
larger multiple dwelling unit, said residence or
dwelling portion thereof may be entered only
upon obiumine a search warrant from any judge
having power lo issue same
C. 26: 2C-33
Anv person, firm, corporation or other
entity within this Slate which violate;, any Gov-
ernor's order with knowledge of same, or know-
ingly fails to comply with the directions of those
authorized by the Governor to enforce said
order, or knowingly interferes with the enforce-
ment of such an order or such directions, shall
be guilty of a high misdemeanor and shall be
punished by a fine of not more than $100,00000
or by imprisonment for not more than 10
years, or both
C. 26: 2C-34
No cause of action against the Slate or
any person auihon/ed by the Governor lo en-
force any order issued pursuant to this act for
false arrests, false imprisonment, or other tort
shall arise out of the good faith attempt of such
person to enforce such order.
C. 26: 2C-35
Any aggrieved person, firm or corpora-
tion or other entity upon application to the
commissioner shall be granted a public hearing
on the question of whether or not the con-
tinuance of any such order in whole or in part
is unreasonable in the light of the then prevail-
ing conditions of air pollution, the contribution
to the same of any particular activity, and the
purposes of this act. Said public hearing shall
be conducted as quickly as possible by said com-
missioner who shall give public notice of same
The commissioner shall have the power to com-
pel attendance, testimony, and the production
of documents by the use of subpoena powers
The number of witnesses and the extent of
testimony shall be within his control If the
commissioner, upon conclusion of such hear-
ing, determines that any such order should be
terminated, or modified in any way whatsoever,
he shall report such findings and recommenda-
tions to the Governor foi such action as he
deems appropriate
C. 26: 2C-36
The commissioner shall promulgate a
set of proposed stand-by orders which might be
appropriate for use by the Governor upon
declaration of the emergency contemplated by
this act Such stand-by control proposals, when
approved by the Governor, shall be distributed
to the appropriate agencies and to all com-
mercial and industrial concerns throughout this
Stale concerned wnh enforcement or impact of
this act and notice of their contents shall be
given to the public The commissioner shall
promulgate arrangements for the enforcement
of said stand-by orders nnd. upon approval by
the Governor, notice of said arrangements shall
also be distributed lo said authorities, com-
mercial and industrial concerns, and to the
general public Said proposed stand-by onlm
anil arrangements shall not. however, become
operative except when directed bv the Gover-
nor in anv order issued bv him pursuant lo a
deil.ir.ilinn of enierpencv under this act
-------
NEW JERSEY STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
NEW JERSEY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL CODE
CHAPTER 12
.PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF AI2 'POLLUTION EMERGENCIES
Original effective date:
Revised version promulgated:
To be effective:
October 24, 1969
January 27, 1972
March 27, 1972
CHAPTER 12 - PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF AIR
POLLUTION EMERGENCIES, which become effective October
24, 1969, is hereby repeoled. This repeal shall not affect
actions, proceedings, or departmental orders pending or
outstanding on the effective date of the new regulation, said
actions, proceedings, or departmental orders may be
prosecuted, defended and continued in the same manner
and to the same effect as if the new regulation had not been
adopted. The text of the amended regulation follows.
Section 1 - DEFINITIONS
The following terms as used in this Chapter shall
mean and include:
I.I AIR CONTAMINANTS: Solid particles, liquid
particles, \apors or gases which are discharged into the
outdoor atmosphere.
1.2 PRIMARY METALS INDUSTRIES-
Establishments engaged in the smelting, refining.
sintering and alloying of ferrous and non-ferrous metals
from ore, pig or scrap, and the manufacture of castings
forgings, powdered metal* and other basic products of
ferrous or non-ferrous metals, including the production
of coke.
1.3 PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED
INDUSTRIES: Establishments engaged in petroleum
refining, the manufacture of paving and roofing
materials from petroleum product* and compounding
paving and building materials from petroleum product1:.
1.4 CHEMICAL AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
INDUSTRIES: Establishments engaged in the
manufacture of (1) basic chemical-, such as acids.
alkalies, salts, industrial gase< and organic chemicals.
(2) chemical products to be used in further
manufacturing such as synthetic fibers, plastic*, dry
colors and pigments, (3) finished chemical products to
be used for ultimate consumption such as drug>.
cosmetics, soap, paints, fertilizers and explosive*.
1.5 PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
INDUSTRIES: Establishments engaged in
manufacturing wood pulp from wood or other material*
and the manufacture of paper, paperboard and building
papers.
1.6 GLASS. CLAY AND CONCRETE PRODUCTS
INDUSTRIES: Establishments engaged in the
manufacture of glass, glassware, textile fibers, glass
insulation wool, structural clay products, concrete
products, gypsum and plaster products, lime, abrasi\e>
and asbestos.
SECTION 2 - EMERGENCY CRITERIA
A condition justifying proclamation by the
Governor of on AIR POLLUTION ALERT, AIR POL-
LUTION WARNING, or AIR POLLUTION EMERGENCY
shall be deemed to exist whenever the Commis-
sioner determines that the accumulation of air
contaminants in any place, locality, county or
other area in the state is attaining or has
attained levels which could, if such levels
are sustained or exceeded, lead to a threat to
the health of the public. Such determinations
shall be in accordance with criteria published
in the New Jersey Register and on file with
the Department.
SECTION 3 - CRITERION FOR EMERGENCY TERMINATION
In making a determination that the threat
resulting from the accumulation of air contain-
-------
ihants no longer exists the Commissioner shall
be guided by measurements of air quality and
advisories provided by the United States
Weather Service.
Section 4 - STANDBY PLANS
4.1 Any person responsible for the operation of a
source1 of air contamination as«ct forth in Table 1 of tin*
Section shall prepare standby plan*, consistent with
good induMiial pinctice and safe operating proccduie*.
for reducing the emission ol air contaminants into the
outdoor atrnospheie during periods of an AIR
POLLUTION ALKRT. AIR POLLUTION WARN-
ING, and A1K PULLl.'i'lU.x EMERGENCY. blandbv
plans shall be dcbipicd to i educe or eliminate emissions
of air contaminants into the outdoor atmosphere in
accordance \\ith the objective-^ set forth in Tables Mil
which are made a part of this Section.
4.2 Any person responsible for the operation of a
source of air contamination not set forth under Section
4.1 shall, when requested by the Depaitment in writing.
prepare standby plans, consistent with good industrial
practice and safe operating procedures, for i educing the
emission of air contaminants into the outdoor
atmosphere during periods of -an AIR POLLUTION1
POLLUTION EMERGENCY. Standby plans shall be
designed to reduce or eliminate emibsions of air
contaminants into the outdoor atmosphere in
accordance with the objectives set forth in Tables l-HI.
4.3 Standby plans as required under Sections 4.1 and
4.2 shall be in writing and show the source of air
contamination, the approximate amount of reduction of
.contaminants and a brief description of the manner in
which the reduction will be acheivcd during an AIR
POLLUTION ALERT, All! POLLUTION WARN-
ING, and AIR POLLUTION EMERGENCY.
4.4 During a condition of AIR POLLUTION ALERT.
AIR POLLUTION \\ARNING. and AIR POLLUTION-
EMERGENCY standby plans a? required by this
Section shall be made available on the premises to an\
person authorized to enforce the provisions of the Air
Pollution Emeigency Control Act.
4.5 Standln plans a* required by this section shall be
submitted to the Department upon request within
thirty days of the receipt of such request: such stanclbv
plans shall be subject to review and approval by the
Department. If, in the opinion of the Department, such
standby plans do not effectively carrj out the objectives
as set forth in Tables I-I1I the Department may
disapprove said standby plans, state its reason for
disapproval and order the picparalion of amended
standby plans within the time period specified in the
order. Any person aggrieved by the order requiring the
preparation of a revised plan i« entitled to a hearing in
accordance with C.26:2C-111 of the Air Pollution
Control Act. If the person responsible fails within the
time period specified in the order to submit an amended
aiuilu.t p'uii >. lin.ii ill iiiO OjlilllOII of lilC L»t|>ai lllH-ltl
meets the said objectives, the Department may rc\i>e
the standby plan to cause it to meet the^e objecti\es.
Such icviscd plan will thereafter be the standby plan
which the person responsible will put into effect upon
the issuance of an appropriate order by the Governor.
-------
TABLE I
EMISSION REDUCTION OBJECTIVES
Source of Air Contamination
Air Pollution Alert
1. Coal or oil-fired electric power generating facilities.
a. Substantial reduction by utilization of fuels having
lowest available ash and sulfur content.
b. Maximum utilization of mid-day (12:00 Noon to 4:00
p. m.) atmospheric turbulence for boiler lancing and soot
blowing.
c. Substantial reduction by diverting electric power gen-
eration to facilities outside of Alert Area.
2. Coal or oil-fired process steam generating facilities
having a capacity to burn in excess of four tons of coal
per hour or 600 gallons of fuel oil per hour.
a. Substantial reduction by utilization of fuels having
lowest available ash and sulfur content.
b. Maximum utilization of mid-day (12:00 Noon to 4:00
p. m.) atmospheric turbulence for boiler lancing and soot
blowing.
c. Reduction of steam load demands consistent with con-
tinuing plant operations.
3. A - Manufacturing industries of the following
classifications which employ more than twenty (20)
employees at any one location: <
Primary Metals Industries
Petroleum Refining and Related Industries
Chemical and Allied Products Industries
Paper and Allied Products Industries
Glass. Clay and Concrete Products Industries
AND
B — Other persons required by the Department to
prepare standby plans.
a. Substantial reduction of air contaminants from manu-
facturing operations by curtailing, postponing, or defer-
ring production and allied operations.
b. Maximum reduction by deferring trade waste disposal
operations which emit particles, gases, vapors or mal-
odorous substances.
c. Reduction of heat load demands for processing con-
sistent with continuing plant operations.
d. Maximum utilization of mid-day (12:00 Noon to 4:00
p. m.) atmospheric turbulence for boiler lancing or soot
blowing.
4. Municipal and commercial refuse disposal
operations.
a. Maximum reduction by prevention of open burning
on all refuse disposal areas.
b. Substantial reduction by limiting burning of refuse
in incinerators to the hours between 12:00 Noon and
4:00 p.m.
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TABLE II
EMISSION REDUCTION OBJECTIVES
Source of Air Contamination
Air Pollution Warning
1. Coa! or oil-fired electric power generating facilities.
a. Maximum reduction by utilization of fuels having low-
est 'available ash and sulfur content.
b. Maximum utilization of mid-day (12:00 Noon to 4:00
p. m.) atmospheric turbulence for boiler lancing and soot
blowing.
c. Maximum reduction by diverting electric power gen-
eration to facilities outside of Warning Area.
2. Coal or oil-fired process steam generating facilities
having a capacity to burn in excess of four tons of coal
per hour or 600 gallons of fuel oil per hour.
a. Maximum reduction by utilization of fuels having the
lowest available ash and sulfur content.
b. Maximum utilization of mid-day (12:00 Noon to 4:00
p. m.) atmospheric turbulence for boiler lancing and soot
blowing.
c. Reduction of steam load demands consistent with con-
tinuing plant operations.
d. Making ready for use a plan of action to be taken if an
emergency develops.
3. A — Manufacturing industries of the following
classifications which employ more than twenty (20)
employees at any one location:
Primary Metals Industries
Petroleum Refining and Related Industries
Chemical and Allied Products Industries
Pa per and Allied Products Industries
Glass. Clay and Concrete Products Industries
AND
B - Other persons required by the Department to
prepare standby plans.
a. Maximum reduction of air contaminants from manufac-
turing operations by, if necessary, assuming reasonable
economic hardship by postponing production and allied
operations.
b. Maximum reduction by deferring trade waste disposal
operations which emit particles, gases, vapors or mal-
odorous substances.
c. Reduction of heat load demands for processing con-
sistent with continuing plant operations.
d. Maximum utilization of mid-day (12:00 Noon to 4:00
p. m.) atmospheric turbulence for boiler lancing or soot
blowing.
4. Municipal and commercial refuse disposal
operations.
a. Maximum reduction by prevention of open burning on
all refuse disposal areas.
b. Complete elimination of the use of incinerators.
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TABLE III
EMISSION REDUCTION OBJECTIVES
Source of Air Contamination
Air Pollution Emergency
1. Coal or oil-fired electric power generating facilities.
a. Maximum reduction by utilization of fuels having low-
est available ash and sulfur content.
b. Maximum utilization of mid-day (12:00 Noon to 4:00
p. m.) atmospheric turbulence for boiler lancing and soot
blowing.
c. Maximum reduction by diverting electric power gen-
eration to facilities outside of Emergency Area.
2. Coal or oil-fired process steam generating facilities
having a capacity to burn in excess of four tons of coal
per hour or 600 gallons of fuel oil per hour.
a. Maximum reduction by reducing heat and steam de-
mands to absolute necessities consistent with preventing
equipment damage.
b. Maximum utilization of mid-day (12:00 Noon to 4:00
p. m.) atmospheric turbulence for boiler lancing and soot
blowing.
c. Taking the action called for in the emergency plan.
3. A - Manufacturing industries of the following
classifications which employ more than twenty (20)
employees at any one location:
Primary Metals Industries
Petroleum Refining & Related Industries
Chemical and Allied Products Industries
Paper and Allied Products Industries
Glass, Clay and Concrete Products Industries
AND
B - Other persons required by the Department to
prepare standby plans.
a. Elimination of air contaminants from manufacturing
operations b> ceasing, curtailing, postponing or deferring
production and allied operations to the extent possible
without causing injury to persons or damage to equipment.
b. Elimination of air contaminants from trade waste dis-
posal processes which emit particles, gases, vapors or
malodorous substances.
c. Maximumreductionof heat load demands for processing
d. Maximum utilization of mid-day (12:00 Noon to 4:00
p. m.) atmospheric turbulence for boiler lancing or soot
blowing.
4. Municipal and commercial refuse disposal
operations.
a. Maximum reduction by prevention of open burning on
all refuse disposal areas.
b. Complete elimination of the use of incinerators.
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SECTION 5 - STANDBY ORDERS
Following are standby orders which might be
appropriate For use by the Governor upon his declaration
that an Air Pollution Emergency exists:
5.1 Air Pollution Alert
a Any person responsible for the operation of a source
of air contamination as set forth in Table I of Section 4
shall take all AIR POLLUTION ALERT actions as
required for such source of air contamination, and shall
particularly put into effect the standby plans for an AIR
POLLUTION ALERT
b. There shall be no open burning by any persons of tree
waste, vegetation, refuse, or debris m any form
c The use of incinerators for the disposal of an> form of
solid waste shall be limited to the hours between 1200
Noon and 4 00 p m
d Persons operating fuel-burning equipment which
requires boiler lancing or soot blowing shall perform such
operations only between the hours of 12.00 Noon and 4 00
p.m
5.2 Air Pollution Wanting
a. Any person responsible for the operation of a source
of air contamination as set forth in Table II of Section 4
shall take all AIR POLLUTION WARNING actions as
required for such source of air contamination, and shall
particularly put into effect the standby plans for an AIR
POLLUTION WARNING
b. There shall be no open burning by an\ persons of tree
waste, vegetation, refuse, or debris m any form.
c. The use of incinerators for the disposal of any form of
solid waste or liquid waste shall be prohibited.
d. Persons operating fuel-burning equipment which
requires boiler bncing or soot blowing shall perform such
operations only between the hours of 12 00 Noon and 4 00
p m
5.3 Air Pollution Emergency
a. Any person responsible for the operation of a source
of air contamination as described in Table III of Section 4
shall take all AIR POLLUTION EMERGENCY actions
as listed as required for such source of air contamination,
and shall particularly put into effect the standby plans for
an AIR POLLUTION EMERGENCY.
b All manufacturing establishments except those
included in Section 5 3a will institute such action as will
result in maximum reduction of air contaminants f •m
their operations by ceasing, curtailing, or ^oMpo"'.fle
operations which emit air contaminants to the ex;cnl
possible without causing injury to persons or damage to
equipment.
c. All places of employment described below shall
immediately cease operations
(I) Mining and quarrying of non-metallic minerals
(2) All contract construction work except that which
must proceed to avoid physical harm
(3) Wholesale trade establishments, i e places of business
primarily engaged in selling merchandise to retailers, to
industrial, commercial, institutional or professional users,
or to other wholesalers, or acting as agents in buying
merchandise for or selling mercrundiM: to such persons or
companies
(4) All offices of local, counts. and slate government
including authorities, joint meetings, and any other public
body, except to the extent that such offices must continue to
operate m order to enforce the requirements of this order
pursuant to statute
(5) All retail trade establishments except pharmacies
and stores primarily engaged in the sale of food
(6) Banks; credit agencies other than banks, securities
and commodities brokers, dealers, exchanges and services.
offices of insurcince carriers, agents and brokers, real estate
offices
(7) \\holcsalc and retail laundries: laundr> services and
cleaning and d\cinc establishments, photographic studios.
beauty shops, barber shops, shoe repjir shops
(8) Advertising offices, consumer credit reporting.
adjustment and collection agencies, duplicating.
addressing, blueprinting, photocopving, mailing, mailing
list and stenographic services, equipment rental services.
commercial testing labontones
(9) Automobile repair, automobile services, garages
(10) Establishments rendering amusement and recreation
services including motion picture theatres
(II) Elcmentarj and secondary schools, colleges.
universities, professional schools, junior colleges.
vocational schools, and public and private libraries
d There shall be no open burning by any person of tree
waste, vegetation, refuse, or debris in any form.
e The use of incinerators for the disposal of an\ form of
solid or liquid waste shall be prohibited
f The use of motor vehicles is prohibited except in
emergencies with the appro* al of local or stale police
-------
AIR POLLUTION EMERGENCIES
INFORMATION FOR THOSE IN NEW JERSf.Y REQUIRED TO PREPARE STAMl!)BY PLANS
Introduction
The Emergency Control Act fP.L. 1967, Title 26, 2C:26-36) states that
"The Legislature finds and declares that air pollution may at certain
times and in certain places so seriously affect the health of the pub-
lic and so directly threaten the lives of large portions of the popu-
lation as to warrant the provision of emergency powers... to prevent
or minimize disasters of unforeseeable proportions."
/
The Act then sets forth the Governor's powers during an air pollution
emergency, prescribes the procedures to be followed, and provides that
the Governor issue orders designed to control the emergency. It also
established maximum penalties for violation of the Governor's order
and for interference or non-compliance with directions of authorized
enforcement officials. The Act requires the State Commissioner of
Environmental Protection to promulgate standby orders appropriate
for the Governor's use during emergencies. In addition, it requires
the Commissioner to "promulgate arrangements for the enforcement of
said standby orders."
Chapter 12 of the New Jersey Air Pollution Control Code, "Prevention
and Control of Air Pollution Emergencies," is an administrative code
setting forth these arrangements."
Proclamation of an Emergency
Under Chapter 12, proclamation of an air pollution emergency is justi-
fied whenever (1) the Commissioner of Environmental Protection deter-
mines that contaminants in the atmosphere are at or approaching a
level dangerous to the health of the public and (2) the U. S. Weather
Bureau forecasts a continuing high air pollution potential.
When the Commissioner determines that emergency conditions exist, he
so advises the Governor who may proclaim an air pollution emergency,
direct immediate reduction of air contaminants and specify the
measures that must be taken to abate the pollution. Violation of the
Governor's order or interference with its enforcement is considered a
high misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not more than $100,000 or by
imprisonment for not more than ten years or both.
Emergency Criteria
In making his determination of dangerous air pollution, the Commission
is guided by criteria set forth in Chapter 12, Section 2. There are
four stages of increasing severity, which require progressively more
restrictive measures to reduce pollution.
-------
The first stage, "Air Pollution Foiecast," requires no control actions.
During the remaining "Alert," "Warning" and "Emergency" stages, def-
inite abatement actions must he taken in accordance with pre-designated
standby plans.
Standby Plans
Any person responsible for operating a source of air contamination
as set forth in Section 4 of Chapter 12, must prepare standby plans
for reducing emissions during air pollution alerts, warnings and
emergencies. Such plans are required to be put into effect when the
Governor issues an appropriate order.
Standby plans must show specific actions designed to achieve the
"Emission Reduction Objectives" listed- in Tables I, II and III of
Chapter 12. The plans must be in writing, show the source of air
contamination, indicate the amount of contaminant reduction, and
briefly describe the manner in which the reduction will be accomplished
during each emergency stage.
Written standby plans must be available on the premises for inspection
by any person authorized to enforce the provisions of the Emergency
Control Act. Standby plans must be submitted to the Department for
review and approval within thirty days of receipt of a specific re-
quest (Chapter 12, paragraph 4.5). Use of these plans must effectively
carry out the emission reduction objectives.
To facilitate submission of standby plans, the attached form Air-36
has been prepared. Part A provides for reporting general information.
Part B is a format for showing the actual measures to be taken and
their impact during each emergency stage.
Enforcement during Emergencies
When an air pollution emergency is declared, representatives of local
government will advise as many as possible of the industrial sources
of air contamination within their jurisdiction that standby plans
should be put into effect.
Inspections to determine if standby plans are being carried out for
industrial processes wil] be made by State Department of Environmental
Protection personnel, or by local personnel only when special pre-
arrangements have been made with the State Department of Environmental
Protection. Local police or Board of Health personnel are not expected
•to conduct inspections or to make determinations of compliance with
the Governor's orders beyond their normal training and duties.
The Governor's order remains in effect for the time set forth in the
order. If no time limit is specified, the order will remain in ef-
fect and standby plans appropriate to the emergency stage must be kept
in operation until the Governor proclaims that the emergency has
terminated.
-------
Violations
Local enforcement officials will report violations of the Governor's
orders to the office of the appropriate County Prosecutor. Viola-
tions observed by state agencies may be submitted to the office of
the State Attorney General.
The New Jersey State Department of Environmental Protection exclu-
sively is charged with enforcing those provisions of Chapter 12
which relate to advance planning. Failure of anyone so required to
have a standby plan in writing is a violation of the New Jersey Air
Pollution Control Code. The violator is subje-ct to a civil penalty
of up to $2500 per day and/or injunctive relief. This enforcement
action may be taken only by the State Department of Environmental
Protection.
Additional Information
For further information or assistance relating to the Emergency
Control Act and Chapter 12, please communicate with the Supervisor
of the Bureau of Air Pollution Control Field Office in your area of
the state.
Central Field Office: Bureau of Air Pollution Control
Room 603
Health-Agriculture Building
Trenton, New Jersey 08625
609 - 292-6706
Metropolitan Field Office: Bureau of Air Pollution Control
25 U. S. Highway 22
Springfield, New Jersey 07081
201 - 648-2560
Southern Field Office: Bureau of Air Pollution Control
5635 Westfield Avenue
Pennsauken, New Jersey 08110
609 - 665-0755
AFTER 5:00 p.m. - ACTION LINE: 609 - 292-7172
MONITORING ROOM: 609 - 292-7793
-------
NEW JERSEY STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
INSTRUCTIONS FOR SUBMITTING STANDBY PLANS FOR REVIEW
CHAPTER 12 - NEW JERSEY AIR POLLUTION CONTROI, CODE
PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTION EMERGENCIES
Chapter 12 of the New Jersey Air Pollution Control Code requires that
any person responsible for the operation of a source of air contamina-
tion as set forth in Table I of said Chapter shall prepare standby
plans, consistent with good industrial practice and safe operating
procedures, for reducing the emission of air contaminants into the out-
door atmosphere during periods of an AIR POLLUTION ALERT, AIR POLLUTION
WARNING and AIR POLLUTION EMERGENCY. Chapter 12 further provides that
any person responsible for the operation of a source of air contamina-
tion not set forth under said Chapter shall, when requested by the
department in writing, also prepare standby plans as noted above.
Form Air-36, Parts A and B, shall be submitted in triplicate to
the department upon request within thirty days of receipt of such
request. Separate subtnittals are required for each business location.
Space is provided at the bottom of Part A for the date submitted and
for the signature of the person making the submittal in behalf of the
company.
Form Air-36, Part A
Section 1 - Refers to the name, location and mailing address, telephone
numbers (day, night, emergency), and working schedule of the corpora-
tion, company, association, society, firm, partnership, individual or
political subdivision of the State.
Section 2 - Refers to that individual who will have primary responsi-
bility for coordination of air pollution control activities relative
to Chapter 12 or for acting as liaison with the department to that end.
Section 3 - Refers to those persons responsible for carrying out tbe
standby plans during the working hours of plant operation and who will
be available to conduct authorized representatives of the Bureau of
Air Pollution Control through the plant during any of the three emer-
gency stages. Phone numbers extensions should be indicated.
-------
- 2 -
Form Air-36, Part B
Form Air-36, Part B, is intended to serve as a format for sub-
mitting descriptions of the source(s) of air contamination, the
amounts of reduction of contaminants and the manner of reduction pro-
posed to accomplish the objectives set forth in Tables I through III
in Chapter 12.
Each sheet will show the full business name and location. The
sheets are to be numbered consecutively.
Column 1 - "Status" refers to the emergency stage as defined in
Chapter 12, i.e.,
AIR POLLUTION ALERT (APA)
AIR POLLUTION WARNING (APW)
AIR POLLUTION EMERGENCY (APE)
Column 2 - "Department, Location, Process and Product" is to
identify the location and nature of the source of air contamination.
Each source must be listed separately.
Column 3 - "Reduction Action" is for a description of the mannei
in which the reduction will be achieved during each emergency stage.
This must show measures proposed to attain the objectives set forth
in Tables I through III in Chapter 12 and should also include any other
measures planned.
Column 4 - "Air Contaminants" must identify as specifically as
possible the emission(s) for each operation, such as iron o.-.id:,
particulates, fly ash, S02, HC1, MEK, etc.
Column 5-6 - "Reduction" must show as accurately as possible both
total percentage and total pounds per hour by which each contaminant
is reduced as a result of the actions taken as indicated under Column 3.
NOTE: The information in these columns should reflect the total change
in reduction for each emergency level, compared to the normal operating
emissions; not the incremental or resultant emissions.
Column 7 - "Time" shows the time required after notification to
complete the action described in Column 3 and attain the full reductions
shown in Columns 5 and 6.
-------
Air 56
PART A
SEW .JERSEY STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL fROTECTION
NHW JERSEY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL CODE
CHAPTER 12 EMERGENCIES
£ ANDBY PLANS
Sec
Sec
Sec
BUSINESS XAMF:
DIVISION/SUBSIDIARY
LOCATION ADDRESS
Street
MAILING ADDRESS
Street
COMPANY TELEPHONE NUMBER
Municipality
County
COMPANY WORKING SCHEDULE:
A. 1.
2.
Day
hrs./day
'a.m.
City G State
Night
B.
p.m. to
a.m.
p.m.
Zip Code
Emergency
days/week
thru
PLANT PROGRAM COORDINATOR
Name
BUSINESS PHONE
HOME PHONE
Title
PLANT CONTACTS: (Responsible for Implementation of Chapter 12
during each shift)
1st Shift
NAME:
NAME:
TITLE:
TITLE:
2nd Shift
Phone
Phone
NAME:
NAME:
TITLE:
TITLE:
3rd Shift
Phone
Phone
NAME:
NAME:
TITLE:
TITLE:
Phone
Phone
Submitted for the
Company by:
signature
Title
TJaTF
-------
Air 36
PART A
NEW .IHRSfcY STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL fROTECTION
NEW JERSEY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL CODE
CHAPTER 12 EMERGENCES
£ ANDBY PLANS
Sec.
1
Sec.
2
Sec.
3
BUSINESS NAMF
DI\ISION/SUBSIDIARY
LOCATION ADDRESS
MAILING ADDRESS
Street
Municipality
County
Street
COMPANY TELEPHONE NUMBER
COMPANY WORKING SCHEDULE:
A. 1.
2.
Day
hrs./day
a.m.
City 5 State
Night
B.
Zip Code
Emergency
p.m. to
a.m.
p.m.
days/week
thru
PLANT PROGRAM COORDINATOR
Name
BUSINESS PHONE
HOME PHONE
Title
PLANT CONTACTS: (Responsible for Implementation of Chapter 12
during each shift)
1st Shift
NAME:
NAME:
TITLE:
TITLE:
2nd Shift
Phone
Phone
NAME:
NAME:
TITLE:
TITLE:
3rd Shift
Phone
Phone
NAME:
NAME:
TITLE:
TITLE:
Phone
Phone
Submitted for the
Company by:
signature
Title
Hate
-------
Air 56
PART A
S'EW .JERStY STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
NEW JERSEY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL COPE
CHAPTER 12 EMERGENCIES
£ ANDBY PLANS
Sec.
1
Sec.
2
BUSINESS XAMF
DI\ ISION/SUBSIDIARY
LOCATION ADDRESS
MAILING ADDRESS
Street
Municipality
County
Street
COMPANY TELEPHONE NUMBER
COMPANY WORKING SCHEDULE:
A. 1.
2.
Day
hrs./day
a.m.
City 5 State
Night
B.
Zip Code
Emergency
p.m. to
a.m.
p.m.
days/week
thru
PLANT PROGRAM COORDINATOR
Name
HOME PHONE
Title
BUSINESS PHONE
PLANT CONTACTS: (Responsible for Implementation of Chapter 12
during each shift)
1st Shift
NAME:
NAME:
TITLE:
TITLE:
2nd Shift
Phone
Phone
NAME:
NAME:
TITLE:
TITLE:
3rd Shift
Phone
Phone
NAME:
NAME:
TITLE:
TITLE:
Phone
Phone
Submitted for the
Company by:
'signature
itle
TTaTF
-------
Air 56
PART A
NEW .JERSbY STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMEXIAL fROTECTION
NEW JERSEY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL CODE
CHAPTER 12 EMERGENCIES
£ ANDBY PLANS
BUSINESS NAMF:
DI\ ISION/SUBS1DIARY
LOCATION ADDRESS
MAILING ADDRESS
Street
Municipality
County
Street
COMPANY TELEPHONE NUMBER
COMPANY WORKING SCHEDULE:
A. 1.
2.
Day
hrs./day
'a.m.
City G State
Night
B.
Zip Code
Emergent
p.m. to
a.m.
p.m.
days/week
thru
PLANT PROGRAM COORDINATOR
Name
BUSINESS PHONE
HOME PHONE
Title
PLANT CONTACTS: (Responsible for Implementation of Chapter 12
during each shift)
1st Shift
NAME:
NAME:
TITLE:
TITLE:
2nd Shift
Phone
Phone
NAME:
NAME:
TITLE:
TITLE:
Phone
Phone
3rd Shift
NAME:
NAME:
TITLE:
TITLE:
Phone
Phone
Submitted for the
Company by:
Signature
Title
TJaTF
-------
Air 36
Part B
NEW JERSEY STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
BUREAU OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
NEW JERSEY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL CODE - CHAPTER 12
Explanation Guide
For Instructions
In Preparing Standby Plans for_
Recap Corp., Snapper New Jersey
Page o f
Dated
Company & Location
1)
Status
2)Department, Locat ion,
Process, Product
3)
Reduction Action
4) Air
Contaminant(s)
Reduction 7)
5) % . 6) #/hr. Time
Emergenc
Stage As
Defined
in Chap.
12 i.e.
APA
APE
Department-Adminit trative
Designation By Management
Of A Plant Area.
Loca tion-Phys ica1 Desig-
nation Of A Plant Area.
Process- Manufacturing
Operation
Product-Itern Produced By
Manufacturing Operation
Description Of The
Manner In Which The
Reduction In Manu-
facturing Operations
Will Be Achieved
During Each Emergency
Stage.
Identification Of Of
Specific Or Po- Each
tential Emission(s)Emis-
for Each Manu-
facturing Opera-
tion, Such As Iron
Oxide, Fly Ash,
Particulates, S02
H2S04, HC, MEK,
Etc.
sion
Re-
duced
as Re-
sult
Of Ac-
tion
Taken
In
Column
3
Of Each
Emission
Reduced As
Result Of
Action
Taken in
Column 3
Shows Time
Required To
Complete
Action In
Column 3
-------
Air 36
Part B
NEW JERSEY STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
BUREAU OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
NEW JERSEY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL CODE - CHAPTER 12
Page of
Dated
Standby Plans for_
Company & Location
1)
Status
2) Department , Location,
Process , Product
3)
Reduction Action
4) Air
Contaminant ( s )
•
Reduction
5) % 6) #/hr.
7)
Time
-------
Air 36
Part B
NEW JERSEY STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
BUREAU OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
NEW JERSEY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL CODE - CHAPTER 12
Standby Plans for
Page of
Dated
Company & Location
1)
Status
2) Department , Locat ion ,
Process , Product
3)
Reduction Action
•
4) Air
Contaminant (s )
Reduction
5) % 6) #/hr.
7)
Time
-------
Air 36
Part B
NEW JERSEY STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
BUREAU OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
NEW JERSEY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL CODE - CHAPTER 12
Standby Plans for_
Page of_
Dated
Company & Location
1)
Status
2) Department, Location,
Process, Product
3)
Reduction Action
4) Air
Contaminant (s)
Reduction
5) 7. 6) #/hr.
7)
Time
-------
Air 36
Part B
NEW JERSEY STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
BUREAU OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
NEW JERSEY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL CODE - CHAPTER 12
Page of
Dated
Standby Plans for_
Company & Location
1)
Status
2) Department , Locat ion ,
Process, Product
3)
Reduction Action
4) Air
Contaminant (s)
•
Reduction
5) 7. 6) #/hr.
7)
Time
-------
Air 3$
Part B
MEW JERSEY STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
BUREAU OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
NEW JERSEY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL CODE - CHAPTER 12
Standby Plans for.
Page of
Dated
Company & Location
1)
Status
2)Department, Location,
Process. Product
3)
Reduction Action
4) Air
Contaminant (s)
Reduction
5) 7. . 6) »/hr.
7)
Time
The following informat
for proper evaluation.
on should be submitt<
d on standby plans
in th:
I. FUEL BURNING SYSTEMS
II. RAW MATERIAL HANDLING
III. UNIT PROCESSES
IV. UNIT OPERATIONS
V. FINISHED PRODUCT Hi
VI. LIQUID WASTE AND SOLID
NDLING
WASTE DISPOSAL
s order
1
-------
Air 36
Part B
NEW JERSEY STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
BUREAU OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
NEW JERSEY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL CODE - CHAPTER 12
Page of
Standby Plans
Dated
Company & Location
1)
Status
2) Department, Location,
Process , Product
In preparing AIR-36, Par
I. FUEL BURNING SYSTEMS
Boilers - (Total
Fuel used - Non-C
Process Heaters -
Fuel used - Non-C
II. RAW MATERIAL HANDLIN
A. Bulk Material
1. This mate
(a) Dump
(b) Rail
(c) Tank
(d) Barg
(e) Boat
(f) Cont
2. This mate
methods:
(a) Air
(b) Grav
(c) Conv
Sere
•
3)
Reduction Action
t B - this information
to. of Boilers)
mmercial fuel, oil, g;
(Total No. of heaters]
>mmercial fuel, oil, g«
V
J
(Powder, granular, si;
•ial may be received b)
truck
*oad car
truck
5
linerized
•ial can be transferrec
:onveyed to storage sil
ty dropped to receivir
:yed to process or to s
r machine, Conveyor be]
4) Air
Contaminant ( s )
should be included
s, coal, coke, etc.
s, etc.
ed, etc.)
the following meth
and stored by the
OS
g bin
torage silo by bock
t, Payloader, Bucke
Reduction
5) 7. 6) #/hr.
n Colt
ods :
Followi
st conv
Crane
mn 2
ig
jyor,
7)
Time
2
-------
Air 36
Part B
NEW JERSEY STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
BUREAU OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
NEW JERSEY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL CODE - CHAPTER 12
Standby Plans for
Page of
Dated
Company & Location
1)
Status
2) Department, Location,
Process, Product
B. Bulk Material
1. This mate
(a) Tank
(b) Barg
(c) Drum
2. This mate
(a) Pump
(b) Grav
(c) Drum
stor
(d) Cont
plac
C. Gases - Such
3)
Reduction Action
(Liquids)
rial may be received b)
truck or tank car
j
> or containerized eel!
rial may be trans ferre<
id to storage tank
tty dropped to storage
j may be palletized an<
ige area
linerized cells - pick*
id in storage area
as chlorine, hydrogen i
4) Air
Contaminant ( s )
following conveyan
s
by these methods a
tank
unloaded by fork 1
d up by special lif
ulfide, etc.
Reduction
5) 7. 6) #/hr.
ces :
id sto
Lft to
bs and
red:
7)
3
-------
Air 36
Part B
NEW JERSEY STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
BUREAU OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
NEW JERSEY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL CODE - CHAPTER 12
Standby Plans for
Page of
Dated
Company & Location
1)
Status
III.
2) Department, Location,
Process. Product
UNIT PROCESSES
1. Oxidation
2. Neutralization
3. Silicate Formation
4. Caustication
5. Electrolysis
6. Double Decompositioi
7. Calcination
8. Nitration
9. Esterification
10. Reduction
11. Amination by Ammonol
12. Halogenation
3>
Reduction Action
rsis
4) Air
Contaminant ( s )
.3. Sulfonation
14. Hydration § H
(Alkali fusio
15. Hydrogenation
16. Alkylation
.7. Friedel - Cra
8. Condensation
9. Polymerizatioi
JO. Diazotization
11. Fermentation
12. Pyrolysis or <
3. Aromatization
4. Isomerization
5. Miscellaneous
Allotropic ex(
Reduction
5) 7. . 6) */hr.
drolys
)
and Hy
ts
and co
rack in
(base
lange
is (Saponif:
drogenolysi:
ipling
I (thermal <
xchange)
7)
Time
cation)
^composition
ii
-------
Air 36
Part B
NEW JERSEY STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
BUREAU OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
NEW JERSEY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL CODE - CHAPTER 12
Page of
Dated
Standby Plans for.
Company & Location
1)
Status
IV.
2) Department, Location,
Process , Product
UNIT OPERATIONS
Such as and not limited 1
1. Fluid flow
2. Heat transfer
3. Evaporations
4. Humidifications and
5. Gas absorption
6. Solvent extraction
7. Adsorption
8. Distillation $ sublim
9. Drying
3)
Reduction Action
o:
dehumidification
at ion
4) Air
Contaminant ( s )
-
LO. Mixing
.1. Class if icatio
L2. Sedmentation
.3. Filtration
.4. Screening
5. Crystallizati<
6. Centrifugatioi
7. Disintregatioi
8. Materials Hanc
Reduction
5> % 6) #/hr.
nd dec
n
ling
antation
7)
Tine
^m
-------
Air 36
Part B
HEW JERSEY STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
BUREAU OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
NEW JERSEY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL CODE - CHAPTER 12
Page of
Dated
Standby Plans for.
Company & Location
1)
Status
2) Department , Locat ion ,
Process, Product
V. FINISHED PRODUCT HA
a. Bulk Materi
Similar met'
b. Bulk Materi
Similar met
VI. LIQUID WASTE AND SO
a . Incineratio
D • • DirumnuLxiK ~
c. Sanitary la
d. Reclamation
3)
Reduction Action
IDLING
il (Solid)
lods are used as in hi
ils (Liquids)
lods are used as in h
,ID WASTE DISPOSAL
i
'ank car
idfill
4) Air
Contaminant (s )
-
ndling of raw mat<
ndling of raw mat<
Reduction
5) % 6) #/hr.
rials.
rials.
7)
Time
G
-------
NEW JERSEY STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
NEW JERSEY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL CODE
CHAPTER 12
PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTION EMERGENCIES
Original Effective Date: October 24,1969
Revised Version Promulgated: January 27,1972
To be Effective: March 27,1972
Chapter 12 - PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF
AIR POLLUTION EMERGENCIES, which became
effective October 24, 1969, is hereby repealed. This repeal
shall not affect actions, proceedings, or departmental
orders pending or outstanding on the effective date of the
new regulation; said actions, proceedings, or departmental
orders may be prosecuted, defended and continued in the
same manner and to the same effect as if the new regulation
had not been adopted. The text of the new regulation
follows
Section 1 - Definitions
The following terms as used in this Chapter shall mean
and include'
1.1 AIR CONTAMINANT Solid particles, liquid
particles, vapors or gases which are discharged into the
outdoor atmosphere
I 2 PRIMARY METALS INDUSTRIES
Establishments engaged in the smelting, refining, sintering
and alloying of ferrous and non-ferrous metals from ore,
pig or scrap, and the manufacture of castings, forgmgs,
powdered metals and other basic products of ferrous or non-
ferrous metals, including the production of coke.
1 3 PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED
INDUSTRIES Establishments engaged in petroleum
refining, the manufacture of paving and roofing materials
from petroleum products and compounding paving and
building materials from petroleum products.
1 4 CHEMICAL AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
INDUSTRIES Establishments engaged in the
manufacture of (1) basic chemicals such as acids, alkalies.
salts, industrial gases and organic chemicals, (2) chemical
products to be used in further manufacturing such as
synthetic fibers, plastics, dry colors and pigments, (3)
finished chemical products to be used for ultimate
consumption such as drugs, cosmetics, soap, paints,
fertilizers and explosives
1.5 PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS
INDUSTRIES' Establishments engaged in manufacturing
wood pulp from wood or other materials and the manufac-
ture of paper, paperboard and building papers
1.6 GLASS, CLAY AND CONCRETE PRODUCTS
INDUSTRIES Establishments engaged in the
manufacture of glass, glassware, textile fibers, glass
insulation wool, structural clay products, concrete
products, gypsum and plaster products, lime, abrasives and
asbestos.
Section 2 - Emergency Criteria
A condition justifying proclamation by the Governor of
an AIR POLLUTION ALERT, AIR POLLUTION
WARNING, or AIR POLLUTION EMERGENCY shall
be deemed to exist whenever the Commissioner determines
that the accumulation of air contaminants in any place,
locality, county or other area in the state is attaining or has
attained levels which could, if such levels arc sustained or
exceeded, lead to a threat to the health of the public Such
determinations shall be in accordance with criteria
published in the New Jersey Register and on file with the
Department
Section 3 - Criterion for Emergency Termination
In making a determination that the threat resulting from
the accumulation of air contaminants no longer exists, the
Commissioner shall be guided by measurements of air
quality and advisories provided by the United Slates
Weather Service
Section 4 - Standby Plans
4 1 Any person responsible for the operation of a source
of air contamination as set forth in Table I of this Section
shall prepare standby plans, consistent with good industrial
practice and .safe operating procedures, for reducing the
-------
emission of air contaminants into the outdoor atmosphere
during periods of an AIR POLLUTION ALERT, AIR
POLLUTION WARNING, and AIR POLLUTION
EMERGENCY. Standby plans shall be designed to reduce
or eliminate emissions of air contaminants into the outdoor
atmosphere in accordance with the objectives set forth in
Tables I-III which are made a part of this Section.
4.2 Any person responsible for the operation of a source
of air contamination not set forth under Section 4.1 shall,
when requested by the Department m writing, prepare
standby plans, consistent with good industrial practice and
safe operating procedures, for reducing the emission of air
contaminants into the outdoor atmosphere during periods
of an AIR POLLUTION ALERT, AIR POLLUTION
WARNING, and AIR POLLUTION EMERGENCY.
Standby plans shall be designed to reduce or eliminate
emissions of air contaminants into the outdoor atmosphere
in accordance with the objectives set forth in Tables I-III
4 3 Standby plans as required under Sections 4.1 and 4 2
shall be in writing and show the source of air
contamination, the approximate amount of reduction of
contaminants and a brief description of the manner in
which the reduction will be achieved during an AIR POL-
LUTION ALERT, AIR POLLUTION WARNING, and
AIR POLLUTION EMERGENCY
4.4 During a condition of AIR POLLUTION ALERT.
AIR POLLUTION WARNING, and AIR POLLU-
TION EMERGENCY, standby plans as required by this
Section shall be made available on the premises to any
person authorized to enforce the provisions of the Air
Pollution Emergency Control Act.
4.5 Standby plans as required by this section shall be
submitted to the Department upon request within thirty
days of the receipt of such request; such standby plans shall
be subject to review and approval by the Department. If, in
the opinion of the Department, such standby plans do not
effectively carry out the objectives as set forth in Tables I-
III, the Department may disapprove said standby plans,
state its reason for disapproval and order the preparation of
amended standby plans within the time period specified in
the order. Any person aggrieved by the order requiring the
preparation of a revised plan is entitled to a hearing in
accordance with C 26 2C-I4 1 of the Air Pollution Control
Act If the person responsible fails within the time period
specified m the order to submit an amended standby plan
which in the opinion of the Department meets the said
objectives, the Department may revise the standby plan to
cause it to meet these objectives. Such revised plan will
thereafter be the standby plan which the person responsible
will put into effect upon the issuance of an appropriate
order by the Governor
-------
TABLE I - EMISSION REDUCTION OBJECTIVES
Source of Air Contamination
Air Pollution Alert
1. Coal or oil-fired electric power generating facilities.
a. Substantial reduction by utilization of fuels having
lowest available ash and sulfur content.
b. Maximum utilization of mid-day (12:00 Noon to 4:00
p.m.) atmospheric turbulence for boiler lancing and soot
blowing.
c. Substantial reduction by diverting electric power
generation to facilities outside of Alert Area.
2. Coal or oil-fired process steam generating facilities
having a capacity to burn in excess of four tons of coal per
hour or 600 gallons of fuel oil per hour.
a. Substantial reduction by utilization of fuels having
lowest available ash and sulfur content.
b. Maximum utilization of mid-day (12:00 Noon to 400
p.m.) atmospheric turbulence for boiler lancing and soot
blowing.
c. Reduction of steam load demands consistent with
continuing plant operations.
3. A. Manufacturing industries of the following
classifications which employ more than twenty (20)
employees at any one location
Primary Melals Industries
Petroleum Refining and Related Industries
Chemical and Allied Products Industries
Paper and Allied Products Industries
Glass, Clay and Concrete Products Industries
AND
B. Other persons required by the Department to
prepare standby plans.
a. Substantial reduction of air contaminants from
manufacturing operations fay curtailing, postponing, or
deferring production and allied operations.
b. Maximum reduction by deferring trade waste disposal
operations which emit particles, gases, vapors or
malodorous substances.
c. Reduction of heat load demands for processing
consistent with continuing plant operations
d. Maximum utilization of mid-day (12.00 Noon to 4:00
p.m.) atmospheric turbulence for boiler lancing or soot
blowing.
4. Municipal and commercial refuse disposal operations
a. Maximum reduction by prevention of open burning on
all refuse disposal areas.
b. Substantial reduction by limiting burning of refuse in
incinerators to the hours between 12:00 Noon and 4:00 p.m.
-------
TABLE II - EMISSION REDUCTION OBJECTIVES
Source of Air Contamination
Air Pollution Warning
I. Coal or oil-fired electric power generating facilities.
a. Maximum reduction by utilization of fuels having lowest
available ash and sulfur content.
b Maximum utilization of mid-day (12:00 Noon to 4:00
p m.) atmospheric turbulence for boiler lancing and soot
blowing
c Maximum reduction by diverting electric power
generation to facilities outside of Warning Area.
2 Coal or oil-fired process steam generating facilities
having a capacity to burn in excess of four tons of coal per
hour or 600 gallons of fuel oil per hour
a Maximum reduction by utilization of fuels having the
lowest available ash and sulfur content.
b. Maximum utilization of mid-day (12-00 Noon to 400
p.m.) atmospheric turbulence for boiler lancing and soot
blowing
c Reduction of steam load demands consistent with
continuing plant operations
d Making ready for use a plan of action to be taken if an
emergency develops
3 A Manufacturing industries of the following
classifications which employ more than twenty (20)
employees at any one location
Primary Metals Industries
Petroleum Refining and Related Industries
Chemical and Allied Productsjndustnes
Paper and Allied Products Industries
Glass, Clay and Concrete Products Industries
AND
B Other persons required by the Department to
prepare standby plans
a. Maximum reduction of air contaminants from
manufacturing operations by, if necessary, assuming
reasonable economic hardship by postponing production
and allied operations
b. Maximum reduction by deferring trade waste disposal
operations which emit particles, gases, vapors or
malodorous substances
c Reduction of heat load demands for processing
consistent with continuing plant operations
d Maximum utilization of mid-day (1200 Noon to 400
p m.) atmospheric turbulence for boiler lancing or soot
blowing
4 Municipal and commercial refuse disposal operations.
a Maximum reduction by prevention of open burning on
all refuse disposal areas.
b Complete elimination of the use of incinerators
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TABLE III - EMISSION REDUCTION OBJECTIVES
Source of Air Contamination
Air Pollution Emergency
1. Coal or oil-fired electric power generating facilities.
a. Maximum reduction by utilization of fuels having lowest
available ash and sulfur content.
b Maximum utilization of mid-day (12:00 Noon to 4.00
p.m.) atmospheric turbulence for boiler lancing and soot
blowing.
c. Maximum reduction by diverting electric power
generation to facilities outside of Emergency Area.
2. Coal or oil -fired process steam generating facilities
having a capacity to burn in excess of four tons of coal per
hour or 600 gallons of fuel oil per hour.
a.
Maximum reduction by reducing heat and steam
demands to absolute necessities consistent with preventing
equipment damage.
b. Maximum utilization of mid-day (1200 Noon to 4'00
p.m.) atmospheric turbulence for boiler lancing and soot
blowing.
c. Taking the action called for in the emergency plan.
3. A. Manufacturing industries of the following
classifications which employ more than twenty (20)
employees at any one location.
Primary Metals Industries
Petroleum Refining & Related Industries
Chemical and Allied Products Industries
Paper and Allied Products Industries
Glass, Clay and Concrete Products Industries
AND
B. Other persons required by the Department to
prepare standby plans.
a. Elimination of air contaminants from manufacturing
operations by ceasing, curtailing, postponing or deferring
production and allied operations to the extent possible
without causing injury to persons or damage to equipment
b Elimination of air contaminants from trade waste
disposal processes which emit particles, gases, vapors or
malodorous substances.
c. Maximum reduction of heat load demands for
processing.
d Maximum utilization of mid-day (12'00 Noon to 4'00
p.m ) atmospheric turbulence for boiler lancing or soot
blowing
4 Municipal and commercial refuse disposal operations.
a. Maximum reduction by prevention of open burning on
all refuse disposal areas.
b. Complete elimination of the use of incinerators
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Section 5 - Standby Orders
Following are standby orders which might be
appropriate for use by the Governor upon his declaration
that an Air Pollution Emergency exists
5.1 Air Pollution Alert.
a. Any person responsible for the operation of a source
of air contamination as set forth in Table I of Section 4
shall take all AIR POLLUTION ALERT actions as
required for such source of air contamination; and shall
particularly put into effect the standby plans for an AIR
POLLUTION ALERT
b. There shall be no open burning by any persons of tree
waste, vegetation, refuse, or debris in any form
c. The use of incinerators for the disposal of any form of
solid waste shall be limited to the hours between 12'00
Noon and 4'00 p.m.
d. Persons operating fuel-burning equipment which
requires boiler lancing or soot blowing shall perform such
operations only between the hours of 12.00 Noon and 4:00
p.m.
5.2 Air Pollution Warning-
a. Any person responsible for the operation of a source
of air contamination as set forth in Table III of Section 4
shall take all AIR POLLUTION WARNING "actions
as required for such source of air contamination; and shall
particularly put into effect the standby plans for an AIR
POLLUTION WARNING
b. There shall be no open burning by any persons of tree
waste, vegetation, refuse or debris in any form.
c. The use of incinerators for the disposal of any form of
solid waste or liquid waste shall be prohibited.
d. Persons operating fuel-burning equipment which
requires boiler lancing or soot blowing shall perform such
operations only between the hours of 12 00 Noon and 4-00
p m
5.3 Air Pollution Emergency
a. Any person responsible for the operation of a source
of air contamination as described in Table HI of Section 4
shall take all AIR POLLUTION EMERGENCY actions
as listed as required for such source of air contamination;
and shall particularly put into effect the standby plans for
an AIR POLLUTION EMERGENCY.
b. All manufacturing establishments except those
included in Section 5 3a will institute such action as will
result in maximum reduction of air contaminants from
their operations by ceasing, curtailing, or postponing
operations which emit air contaminants to the extent
possible without causing injury to persons or damage to
equipment.
c. All places of employment described below shall
immediately cease operations:
(I) Mining and quarrying of non-metallic minerals.
(2) All contract construction work except that which
must proceed to avoid physical harm.
(3) Wholesale trade establishments, i.e. places of
business primarily engaged in selling merchandise to
retailers, to industrial, commercial, institutional or
professional users, or to other wholesalers, or acting as
agents in buying merchandise for or selling merchandise to
such persons or companies.
(4) All offices of local, county, and state government
including authorities, joint meetings, and any other public
body; except to the extent that such offices must continue to
operate in order to enforce the requirements of this order
pursuant to statute.
(5) All retail trade establishments except pharmacies
and stores primarily engaged in the sale of food.
(6) Banks; credit agencies other than banks; securities
and commodities brokers, dealers, exchanges and services;
offices of insurance carriers, agents and brokers; real estate
offices
(7) Wholesale and retail laundries; laundry services and
cleaning and dyeing establishments; photographic studios;
beauty shops, barber shops, shoe repair shops.
(8) Advertising offices; consumer credit reporting,
adjustment and collection agencies; duplicating,
addressing, blueprinting; photocopying, mailing, mailing
list and stenographic services, equipment rental services;
commercial testing laboratories.
(9) Automobile repair, automobile services, garages.
(10) Establishments rendering amusement and
recreation services including motion picture theaters
(II) Elementary and secondary schools, colleges,
universities, professional schools, junior colleges,
vocational schools, and public and private libraries.
d. There shall be no open burning by any person of tree
waste, vegetation, refuse, or debris in any form
e The use of incinerators for the disposal of any form of
solid or liquid waste shall be prohibited.
f The use of motor vehicles is prohibited except in
emergencies with the approval of local or state police.
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AIR POLLUTION EMERGENCY CONTROL OPERATIONS
REPORT ... DRAFT #2
NEW YORK STATE
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
Prepared By:
Air Pollution Emergency Task Force
Donald E. Gower, Chairman - Bureau of Air
Quality Surveillance
Jack Lauber - Bureau of Source Control
David Perriman - Division of Field Services
Harold Seitz - Bureau of Technical Services
February 23, 1972
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Table of Contents
1.0 fc Introduction, Authority, Policy and Objectives
2.0 Organization, Responsibilities and Procedures
2.1 Air Pollution Emergency Control Group
2.2 Director - Division of Air Resources
2.3 Office of Field Services Functions
2.4 Regional Office Functions
3.0 Appcndicies
Alert Stage Criteria
Appendix I
Appendix II
Continuous Air Monitoring Section and Meteorological
Section Emergency Functions
Appendix III - Public Information Release Guides
Appendix IV - Enabling Law and Rules
Appendix V - Draft - Commissioner's Emergency Abatement Orders
Appendix VI - Draft - Enforcement Manual Item for Air Pollution
Emergencies
Appendix VII - New York City Air Pollution Emergency Control Plan
Appendix VIII- Maps - Air Quality Control Regions
Department Field Regions
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-1-
Atr Pollution Emergency Control Operations
L.O Introduction; -
Air pollution emergencies can occur whenever there are stagnating
meteorological conditions or air pollution concentrations become
excessively high. The Continuous Air Monitoring operation and the
Meteorology operation are important information and data gathering
services during an air pollution emergency. The information supplied
by these groups directly determines the seriousness or "alert phase"
of a particular emergency. Pollution abatement actions which must
be implemented during an emergency are a direct "control" type function.
Under the present organization, control actions should be determined
by the Division of Air Resources and carried out by the Division of
Field Services and local government agencies. An Air Pollution
Emergency Control Group will coordinate the Environmental Conservation
Department's actions.
1.1 Authority; Section 14 and 16 Environmental Conservation Law -
1.2 Objectives:
1.2.1. To control air pollution levels during atmospheric stagnation
so as to protect the health of the people and preserve the environment.
1.2.2 To have a control operation plan which will limit the buildup
of air pollutants to such a level as to prevent significant harm to
people.
1.2.3 To establish a communications system which will provide an
orderly means for coordinating and communicating Departmental air
pollution control efforts and instructions during air pollution
emergencies.
1.3
1.3.1 It shall be our policy to call together the Air Pollution
Emergency Control Group to evaluate, coordinate and communicate all
information pertaining to air pollution emergencies and their control.
1.3.2 An air pollution emergency shall consist of the following stages:
Forecast (Stagnation Advisory)
Alert Stage 1
Alert Stage 2
Emergency
These stages are defined in the criteria section.
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-2-
1.3.3 When meteorological stagnation as defined by U.S. Weather Bureau
causes an emergency control action will- cover the officially designated
air quality control regions affected. Local emergencies such as indus-
trial accidents will be controlled within the local affected area.
1.3.4 Control actions -will be determined by the Division of Air
Resources and carried out by the Division of Field Services and local
governmental agencies.
1.3.5 The Department of Environmental Conservation will cooperate
with Federal, Interstate, State, and local governments and agencies
during an air pollution emergency. Environmental Conservation Department
will be referred to as "department".
2.0. Organization Responsiblities and Procedures:
The overall air pollution emergency control responsibility rests
with the Division of Air Resources, who will recommend specific air
pollution emergency control actions which will be carried out by the
Division of Field Services and their agents.
2.1 Air Pollution Emergency Control Group;
During periods of air pollution emergencies this group will meet
in the Environmental Conservation Department (in room 124) and
function together to coordinate the Environmental Conservation
Department's air pollution emergency actions. The members and
responsibilities of the group will be:
Office Phone Home Phone
2.1.1 Coordinator: Mr. Donald Gower 457-7234, 7075 458-1442
1st Alternate: Mr. Paul Berry 457-7235 732-2884
2nd Alternate: Mr. Harold Seitz 457-5278 456-6853
The coordinator will call the group together to carry out the
group's duties during an air pollution emergency. The coordinator will
keep the Director of the Division of Air Resources (D.A.R.) informed
concerning the emergency and will act as a liaison between the D.A.R.
Director and the Emergency Group. The coordinator will keep the Public
Information Office (Mary Spargo and/or Mr. McManus) informed concerning
the emergency. The coordinator will forward group recommendations con-
cerning alert "stages" and "control actions" to the D.A.R. Director for
decisions. The coordinator will work to carry out the Director's
decisions and he will keep the emergency group informed. A stenographer
(with alternates) will be assigned to the coordinator and the group
during emergencies from the Bureau of Air Quality Surveillance. The
coordinator will issue a summary of the emergency.
Office Phone Home Phone
Stenographer: Eleanor Jackson 457-7234 272-2309
Public Information 457-5408 439-5568
2.1.2 Continuous Air Monitoring Representative:
Office Phone Home Phone
Mr. Robert Kerr 457-7046 869-8550
1st Alternate: Mr. William Delaware 457-7103 482-7112
2nd Alternate: Mr. Dennis Huraphris 457-7103 785-1726"
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-3-
Responsible for continuous air monitoring operation, data validity
and interpretation; and data transmission to other agencies (Environmental
Protection Agency, Interstate Sanitation Commission). Responsible for
keeping the coordinator informed of monitoring results. Responsible
for summarizing the data after termination.
2.1.3 Meteorology Section Chief:
Office Phone Home Phone
Mr. Harold Seitz 457-2263 456-6853
1st Alternate: Mr. Richard S. Taylor 457-2263 783-5137
2nd Alternate: Mr. Allen Elkerton 457-2263 439-2665
Responsible for all weather forecasting and interpretation.
Responsible for keeping the coordinator informed and the meteorologist
will notify the coordinator when an air stagnation advisory is issued
and terminated. Responsible for ISC and National Weather Bureau
liaison with respect to meteorological information. Responsible for
meteorological data summary after emergency termination.
2.1.4 Bureau of Source Control Representatives;
Office Phone Home Phone
Mr. Jack Lauber 457-5309, 5364 785-4908
1st Alternate: Mr. Roy Cummings 457-5160 235-7565
2nd Alternate: Mr. John Hawley 457-5153 674-5495
Responsible for recommendations of control actions for each stage
of an emergency. Also, responsible for special abatement action recom-
mendations. Responsible for technical control liaison with field air
pollution control engineers. Responsible for keeping the coordinator
informed. Responsible for preparation of Commissioner's emergency
abatement orders for each alert stage and termination. Responsible for
summarizing control actions after emergency termination.
2.1.5 Field Services Representatives;
Office Phone Home Phone
Mr. David Perriman 457-4107, 2301 458-1395, 1027
1st Alternate: Mr. Victor Glider 457-2301 765-4408
2nd Alternate: Mr. Jack Corrigan 457-2301 765-4331
Responsible for all regional, field and control action notification
including control office Forest Fire Control and Mr. Legg. Responsible
for implementation of all control actions and regional operations.
It is recognized that it will be necessary and proper for the field
air pollution control engineers to have direct access to anyone in the
Division of Air Resources as may be required during any air emergency.
However, the formal notifications will come from the field services
representative. Responsible for keeping the coordinator informed.
Responsible for having Uhe order signed, providing the group with
copies and forwarding orders to Civil and Management Council (Mr. LaBelle)
for processing. Responsible for summarizing field control operations
after emergency termination.
2.1.6 Operations Log:
It will be necessary for the emergency group to keep an "Air
Pollution Emergency Operation Log". Each member should "log in" major
events which show the status of notification, action, and completion of
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-4-
major responsibility. This log will serve as a major source of
information of "what has happened" for each member of the group,
alternates and others. Also, this log will be the official record
of what occurred during an emergency, and, as such, could become
legal evidence if problems arise.
2.2 Director - Division of Air Resources:
1st Alternate:
2nd Alternate:
Mr. Alexander Rihm
Mr. Harry Hovey
Mr. D. Metzler
Office Phone
457-7231
457-7230
457-6533
Home Phone
439-4186
283-2337
439-6203
The air pollution emergency control group will recommend to the
Director through the coordinator that a particular "ALERT STAGE" be
declared and specific abatement action carried out. The Director will
decide on these matters and the group will carry out the decisions.
In all cases, the D.A.R. Director should be the first person informed
by the control group. The D.A.R. Director is responsible for informing
the department's executive staff such as Mr. Metzler, Mr. Biggane and
the Commissioner.
2.3 Office of Field Services Functions:
The Field Service Representative, Mr. Perriman, will telephone
the following people in each region to advise and communicate information
concerning the air pollution emergency:
Region #1
#2
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
Office Phone Home Phone
Mr. Capp (516) T./L 136 751-7900
1st Alternate: Mr. Machlin
Mr. A. Risman
1st Alternate: Mr. Machlin
Mr. Kormanik
Mr. G. Burns
1st Alternate: Mr. Austin
2nd Alternate: Mr. Baker
Mr. Allen
1st Alternate: Mr. Warner
Mr. Allen
1st Alternate: Mr. Warner
Mr. B. Mead
(212) 675-5868
T/L 139 489-9140 (212) 633-5356
11 (212) 675-5868
" (212) 238-3581
(914) 761-7900
457-7110
457-7110
457-7110
457-7110
788-6590
1st Alternate: Mr. H. Koelling 788-6590
Mr. R. Bell 474-5951
Ext. 631,632,633
1st Alternate: Mr. D. Prosscr 474-5951
Ext. 631,632,633
Mr. S. Gubner
1st Alternate: Mr. E. Seiffer
2nd Alternate: Mr. A. Fossa
(716) 926-2466
(716) 926-2466
(716) 926-2466
#9
Mr. R. Armbrust (716) S42-.S041
1st AKerunte: Mr. M. Fcinstein (716) 842-3041
(212) 325-5612
(914) 948=6433
371-7258
439-5994
371-7258
439-5994
782-1192
788-8078
439-6144
(315) 488-2611
(716) 658-4705
(716) 669-2897
(716) 582-2644
(716) 66?-7362
(716) 688-7984
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-5-
The field service representative will cover the following topics
as he notifies each region:
2.3.1 Notification of initiation, status, termination and any status
changes of the Emergency.
2.3.2 Summary of meteorological conditions.
2.3.3 Summary of pollution levels - monitoring data.
2.3.4 Commissioner's orders issued and press releases.
2.3.5 Instruct the field to implement their emergency procedures.
Give other directions as required.
2.3.6 Receive assessment of the local situation from the field.
2.4 Regional Office Functions:
Each regional office will prepare and maintain a current and up
to date air pollution emergency communications and operations plan
similar to the central office (Albany) plan. The field communications
plan shall list the principals and two alternates each including their
responsibilities and office and home phones. The list shall include
local government officials (such as designated local Health Department
personnel) as needed to implement air pollution emergency plans. The
plan shall be such that all appropriate people can be notified day or
night and on holidays and weekends. A list of significant polluters in
each region is required with names and phones of the person to be
contacted for each source.
A suggested outline of the people to be notified in the region
by each regional office is as follows:
After receipt of an air pollution emergency notification from
central office (Albany), the following people will be notified and
provided with all significant information:
1. Regional Engineer for Environmental Quality
2. Regional Director
' 3. Forest Fire Control Group
4. Other appropriate people in the regional office
5. Appropriate county, city, and local Health Departments
and Government Agencies
6. Appropriate significant pollution sources.
The plan should include a method of recording that all regional
responsibilities and notifications are carried out during each emergency,
After each emergency, a summary of regional actions should be sent to
• Mr. Perriman in the Division of Field Services at Albany.
A copy of the field Air Pollution Emergency Communications and
Operations Plan from each region shall be sent to the central office
(Albany) for approval.
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APPENDIX I
ALERT STAGE CRITERIA
-------
Table 9-1
CRT'EHIA FOR THE AIR POLLUTION WARNING SYSTEM
ALERT
?RERcCuISITg
; j£.-ljour Stagnation Advisory
»ith at least 12 hour; remaining
C?itairinant Concentration at
sr aso^e a Criteria le/el at
^ stations
or
j* Contaminant Concentration at
or above a Criteria level at
less than 4 stations
Expectation that this condition
»ill persist within part of --
or spread throjaho-it -- the
Seaion
or
C*I"orecast of sunshine and
stagnation t!ie following day
ir-hich leads to an expectation
of adverse oxidants
concentrations throughout a
significant portion of the
Coitamir mt
S0~
or
Particul ites
" Of
Product
(S02 x
Partiou! ate)
or
CO
NitrogeH
Dioxide
1
Oxidants
St-ne I
C.3 ppm
(6-hr, avg.)
5.0 COHs
(6-hr, avg.)
or
3.0 COHs
(JH-br. avg.)
0.5 ppm -
COHs
(£>4 Sv- O.V
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-8-
APPENDIX II
CONTINUOUS AIR MONITORING SECTION AND
METEOROLOGICAL SECTION EMERGENCY FUNCTIONS
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-9-
Continuous Air Monitoring Functions
During Air Pollution Episodes
1. Initiate HAPP program in the computer.
2. Maintain data surveillance of the monitors with the operators. If
necessary, evening and weekends are worked by operators and staff
to provide valid data.
3. Transmit data to the Interstate Sanitation on a regular basis during
.the evening and weekends as well as during normal working hours.
4. Receive and evaluate data for New York City, New Jersey, and Connecticut
that is transmitted by the Interstate Sanitation Commission.
5. Check pollution levels and compare with the Air Pollution Alert System
Criteria.
6, Keep the Control Group Coordinator informed of the pollution levels
throughout the State at regular intervals.
7. Transmit daily data to EPA Emergency Center in Durham, North Carolina.
Meteorology Section Functions
During Air Pollution Episodes
1. Maintain liaison with National Weather Service
2. Calculate air pollution potential for the state.
3. Forecast the changes in air pollution potential and related meteorological
conditions during an air pollution emergency.
4. Keep the Control Group Coordinator informed of the air pollution potentials
throughout the state at regular intervals.
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ALERT
WARNING
EMERGENCY
N.Y. N.Y. N.Y.
EPA N.J. N.Y.C. EPA N.J. N.Y.C. EPA N.J. N.Y.C.
S02 24 hr. average
6 hr. average
PART. 24 hr. average
6 hr. average
PART. X S02
24 hr. average
CO 8 hr. average
OXIDANTS 1 hr. average
4 hr. average
NOg 1 hr. average
24 hr. average
.3ppm
.3 .3
3COM 3 3
--5 5
.2 .5 .5
1 5ppm 15 15
.Ippm
.15 .15
.6ppm .8
.15 .2
.6
.5 .5
5COH 5 6
— 7 8
.8 .9 1.6
30ppm 30 30
.4ppm
.25 .25
1.2 1.2
.3 .3
Ippm .6 .6
—
8COH 7 8
—
1.5 1.2 2
50ppm 40 50
.7ppm
.4 .35 .4
2ppm 1 .6
.5 .4
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
ADMINISTRATION
EMERGENCY CONTROL BOARD
REGULATIONS PERTAINING TO JTIE AIR POLLUTION WARNING SYSTEM
Section li Authority
1.1 Under authority of Section 1105 of the New fork City Charter and the Mayor's
Executive Order No. 37 dated June 9, 1971 and pursuant to Section 1105 of "the New
t>SL £ Cha,rt.e.r' ** Administrator of the Environmental Protection Administration
of The City of Ntw York hereby promulgates the following Regulations pertaining to
the Air Pollution Warning System
Section 2i Definitions
2.1 Administrator means the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Adminis-
tration of The City of New York.
£? .?onylission5r ol Heattn mran» the Commissioner of Health of «he Department of
Health of The Guy of New York
2.3 Department of Air Resources means the Department of Air Resources of the En-
vironmental Protection Administration of The City of New York.
.
M in* Co"i.trol Board "I831* the Board created ^ the May°r'5 Executive Order
No. 107 of 1961, as the same may be amended
2.5 Environmental Rating A, B. C or D means environmental rating A, B, C or D
respectively, as denned in Section 1872 of Chapter iv of Title 10 of the Official Compilation"
of Codes. Rules and Regulations of the State of New York.
2.6 Implementation Manual means the Implementation Manual For an Air Pollution
Warning System issued by the Administrator in accordance with .the Mayor's Executive
Order No. 37 of 1971, as the same may, be amended.
2.7 Interdepartmental Committee on' Public Utilities means the Committee created in
the Mayor's Executive Order No. 25 of 1970. as the same may be amended
2f .KInx ^I6. S?f itation 9?™™*!'°" means *<= Commission created under Article III
of the Tn-State Compact, §1299 of the Public Health Law, as the same may be amended
2.9 Local Episode means a local episode as denned in Section 4.1 of these Regulations.
*L «^H,efiS^"Ne^Yrtk'iF0SS?iC,Ut Interstate Air Q"a''«y Control Region means
Me region denned in 42 C.F.R §481.13, as the same may be amended, pursuant to the
Federal Clean Air Art. as amended (42 U.S.C. §1857). i™«""m i° me
S"*",5 ? Stage of the Alr Polluti°" Warning System described in Section
Keguiations.
Ht?011 £dvif ry ™ans al? anno"n<:ement by the National Weather Service that
\ agnatlon (consisting of stable atmospheric stratification and weak horizontal
exist over the New York city metropolhan arra '- a
2.13 Regional Episode means a regional episode as denned in Section 4.1 of these
Regulations.
Section 3i The Air Pollution Warning System
3.1 There is hereby established an Air Pollution Warning System which shall operate
in three Stages:
a) Alert Stage I.
b) Alert Stage II.
c) Emergency.
32 Whenever the Department of Air Resources by appropriate physical measurement
and after consultation with the National Weather Service and the Interstate Sanitation
Commission 'shall determine that the criteria contained in Section 4 for any of the Stages
Sft forth in Section 3.1 have been reached, the Administrator shall so advise the Mayor
and the Emergency Control Board.
3J _ Upon receipt of notice that ambient conditions are such that the criteria for deter-
mining Alert Stage I have been met, the Administrator shall dedare the existence of
such Stage. Upon receipt of notice that conditions are such that any other Stage has
been reached, the Mayor or the Emergency Control Board will dedare the existence of
such other Stage.
3.4 The declaration of the existence or termination of any Stage and an explanation of
the specific abatement actions required to be taken for that Stage under Section 6 of these
Regulations or under the Implementation Manual shall be made by mea-c of the mass
media.
Section 4i Criteria for Air Pollution Warning System
4.1 Whenever any Stage of the Air Pollution Warning System is declared, it shall be
designated as a Local Episode or a Regional Episode. When the relevant conditions
provided for in subsection 4 2, 4.3 or 4 4 have been met, a Stage shall be designated as a
Local Episode unless a Stagnation Advisory is in effect, in which case it shall be
designated as a Regional Episode, provided, however, that upon the recommendation
of the Interstate Sanitation Commission an Episode m?v be designated as Regional
even though no Stagnation Advisory has been issued.
42 Alert Stage I may be declared (i) in the case of a Regional Episode, if while there
are 12 or more hours left 'in a 36-hour Stagnation Advisory, any one or more of the
following criteria is met at 20 per cent or more of the air quality monitoring sites
maintained by the Department of Air Resources or by any of its Federal, State or local
counterparts in the New Jersey-New York-Connecticut Air Quality Control Region,
at least one of which sites must be outside of New York City, or (n) in the case of a
Local Episode, it the Department of Air Resources has determined that there will be
poor dispersion conditions for 24 hours and during that 24 hours any one or more of
the following criteria is met at 2S pc' cent or more of the air quality monitoring sites
maintained by the Urpaitment of Air Resouiccs.
Sulfur dioxide— A 6-hour average concentration of 030 parts per million (ppm).
Parliculalrt — a 6-hour average concentration of 50 Cohs per 1,000 feet or a
24-hour average concentration of 30 Cohs per 1.000 feet.
c) Sulfur dioxide and particulars combined—* value of 05 obtained by multiplying
a 24-hour average concentration of sulfur dioxide (in ppm) by the average
concentration of particulars (in Cohs per 1,000 feet) during the same 24-hour
period.
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a)
b)
d)
e)
9
d) Carbon monoxide— an 8-hour average concentration of rS fern.
e) , Ofidonts (measured as ozone)— a 4-hour average concentration of 0.15 pan.
provided, however, that upon the recommendation of the Interstate Sanitation Commis-
sion with respect to a Regional Episode, or after consultation with the Commissioner
of Health with respect to a Local Episode, the Administrator nay, on the basis of
overall concentrations present in that particular Episode, reduce the required percentage
of air quality monitoring sites at which such criteria must be met
4.3 Alert Stage II may be declared when any one or more of the following criteria
are met at any one or more or the air quality monitoring sites maintained by the
Department of Air Resources:
Sulfur dioxide— a 6-hour average concentration of 0 50 ppm.
Particulotes— a 6-hour average concentration of 80 Cohs per 1,000 feet or a
24-hour average concentration of 60 Cohs per 1,000 feet
Sulfur dioxide and participates combined—* value of 1.60 obtained by multiplying
a 24-hour average concentration of sulfur dioxide (in ppm) by the average
concentration of paniculate* (in Cohs per 1.000 feet) during the same 24-
hour period.
Carbon monoxide— an 8-hour average concentration of 30 ppm.
Oxidonts (measured at ozone)— & 4-hour average concentration of 025 ppm.
4.4 An Emergency Stage may be declared when any one or more of the following criteria
are met at any one or more of the air quality monitoring sites maintained by the
Department of Air Resources :
a) Sulfur dioride—o. 24-hour average concentration of 0.60 ppm,
b) Part\eulalts—A 24-hour average concentration of 8.0 Cohs per 1,000 leet.
c) Sulfur dioxide and ^articulates combined— a value of 20 obtained by multiplying
a 24-hour average concentration of sulfur dioxide (in ppm) by the average
concentration of particulates (in Cohs per 1,000 feet) during the same 24-hour
period.
Carbon monoride — am 8-hour average concentration of 50 ppm.
Oxidants (measured as atone) — a 4-hour average concentration of 0.40 ppm.
Section ft Plans of Action
5.1 Each manufacturing process and industrial facility with an Environmental Rating
of A, B or C located in the City of New York and all electric utility and gas supplying
'companies located in the City of New York shall, within 90 days after the effective date
of these Regulations, submit to the Interdepartmental Committee on Public Utilities a
Flan of Action acceptable to such Committee, outlining the actions that such electric
utility, manufacturing process or industrial facility will undertake during each Stage to
comply with these Regulations and with the Implementation Manual. Each such electric
jtility, manufacturing process and industrial facility shall, immediately upon receiving
approval of its Plan of Action, file a copy of such Plan with the Emergency Control
Board. A Plan of Action may be amended only with the consent of the Interdepartmental
Committee on Public Utilities, and any such amended Plan of Action shall be filed
with the Emergency Control Board immediately after approval of such Committee is
received.
Section 6s Spedflc Abatement Actions
6.1 Upon the declaration of Alert Stage I, the following actions shall be taken, except
that if the Alert Stage I is called solely on the basis of oxidants or carbon monoxide,
only subsections (b) (1) and (3) shall app'y-
a) On-Site Incineration.
1. Incineration in any refuse burning equipment or apparatus that does not
have a valid operating certificate under Article 5 of Chapter 57 of the Adminis-
trative Code of The City of New York shall be discontinued. Refuse burning
equipment or apparatus for which there is a valid operating certificate shall he
operated only in the strictest compliance with applicable rules and regulations
of the Environmental Protection Administration.
2. Each building, institution or premises shall inspect its refuse burning equip-
ment to assure optimum performance.
3. Provision shall foe made so that when on-site incineration has been discon-
tinued, sufficient personnel and space can be made available to hand'* and store the
quantity of refuse that would accumulate in a 5-day period.
4. Sufficient storage facilities and containers must always be available. The
containers shall be leakproof metal cans with tight-fitting covers or other con-
tainers acceptable to the Department of Sanitation.
b) Fuel Burning Equipment and General Emissions.
1. All laws, rules and regulations affecting the contamination of th* atmosphere
shall be strictly observed and shall be strictly enforced. This shall include but
not be limited to the cruising of taxicabs, visible vehicle emissions and visible
stack emissions. ' ...
2. All fuel burning systems with a total installed capacity rating of greater than
10 million Btu per hour, including industrial plants, shall be operated on natural
gas or fuels having a sulfur content of 03 per cent or less Provisions must be
made for changing to natural gas fuel or for the maintenance of a minimum of
four (4) days reserve of fuel having a sulfur content of 0.3 per cent or less.
Facilities shall be maintained so that changeover may be expediently achieved.
3. The Mayor may request a voluntary reduction in vehicular traffic within
the City of New York or within designated areas of Hie city. In requesting such
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3.
reduction of vehicular traffic, the Mayor nay warn that vehicular traffic may be
curtailed should Alert Stage II be declared.
c) Eltctric Utilities and Cat Supplying Companies.
1. Electric utilities and ga* MI. pi., ing companies shall assign a top priority to
providing all installations having interruptible gas systems with a maximum
supply of natural gas for space heating purposes. In addition, electric utilities
shall obtain all available supplies for steam power plant use.
2. Electric power generating companies shall implement a program of load
shifting which will minimize population exposure to power plant effluents This
shall include the purchase of all available power from outside the New York
City metropolitan area.
3. All (team electric power gr.itra.ting companies shall use natural gas or fuels
having a sulfur content of 0.3 per cent or less. Facilities shall be maintained
so that the changeover can be expediently achieved.
4. Any boiler lancing and soot blowing shall be carried out no more than once
rday and be restricted to the hours of noon to 3 p. nu
Electric utilities shall be requested to urge the public to reduce electric power
consumption to a minimum.
d) Manufacturing Process and Industrial Facilities.
1. All manufacturing process and industrial facilities with an Environmental
Rating A shall reduce their operations to a level of 50 per cent or less of maxi-
mum capacity and prepare to shut down all operations.
2. All manufacturing process and industrial facilities with an Environmental
Rating B or C shall take whatever steps might be feasible to minimize emissions
for a short term (up To 4 days) and prepare to reduce their operations to- a level
of no more than SO per cent of maximum capacity.
62 Upon the declaration of Alert Stage II, the following actions shall be taken, except
that if Alert Stage II is called on the basis of oxidants or carbon monoxide only sub-
sections (a) and (c) (3) shall apply. _
a) Alert Stage I Procedures. All actions required during Alert Stage I and not
specifically altered by this subsection 6.2 shall remain in effect
b) O»-.Site Incineration. All incineration m refuse burning equipment and apparatus
not previously discontinued shall be discontinued, except that incinerators used
for pathological wastes are exempt from this requirement
c) Full Burning Equipment and Emissions
1. Eadi building, institution or premises shall make provision to minimize the
use of fuels for space heating or maintain the minimum legal temperatures and
provide an adequate supply of hot water. Room temperatures within all residential
buildings shall be maintained as follows-
i. Between October 31 and May 1—when the outside temperature is below
55 degrees during the hours of 6 a m. to 10 p m., 68 degrees Fahrenheit.
When the outside temperature is below 40 degrees Fahrenheit during the
hours of 10 p. m. to 6 a. m, 55 degrees Fahrenheit.
ii. Between May 1 and October 31—no heat shall be provided while Alert
Stage II is in effect.
2. Use of all lighting, air conditioning: and other electrical devices not essential
for safety and the safeguarding of health shall be curtailed as ordered by the
Administrator. Thb shall include but is not limited to advertising signs and
marquees.
3. Vehicular movement shall be curtailed except for designated essential services
such as fire, police and hospital services (including the transportation of patients
thereto), emergency calls by physicians, mass transportation, public and private
sanitation pickup, utility emergency repairs, snow removal, mortuary services,
essential delivery of food products, fuel and medical supplies, and such other
services as maj be determined by the Mayor or the Emergency Control Board.
d) Utilities and Steam Electric Power Plants.
1. Electrical utilities shall assign a high priority to the supplying of power
to subway and other mass transportation facilities to assure their most efficient
operations during this stage. «
2. Electrical utilities shall impose a 5 per cent voltage reduction in order to
maintain a minimum rate of power production.
e) Manufacturing Process and Industrial Facilities.
1 All manufacturing process and industrial facilities with an Environmental
Rating A shall discontinue all operations that produce atmospheric emissions.
2 All manufacturing process and industrial facilities with an Environmental
Rating B or C shall reduce their operations to a level of 50 per cent or less
of maximum capacity and prepare to shut down all operations
3. Further restrictions on the level of operations of these facilities may be
mandated by the Emergency Control Board
6.3 Upon the declaration of an Emergency, the following actions shall be taken:
a) Alert Stage I and II Procedures. All actions required during Alert Stages
I and II and not specifically altered by this subsection 6 3 shall remain in effect.
b) Fuel Burning Equipment and General Emissions.
1. All lighting, air conditioning and other electrical devices not essential for
safety and the safeguarding of health shall be discontinued
2. Vehicular movement shall be banned except for designated essential services
such as fire, police and hospital services (including the transportation of patients
thereto), emergency calls by physicians, mass transportation, public and private
sanitation pickup, utility emergency repairs, snow removal, mortuary services,
essential deliveries of food products, fuel and medical supplies and such other
services as may be determined by the Mayor or the Emergeny Control Board.
c) Electric 'Utilities. Electric utilities shall reduce power generation in proportion
to the reduction in power usage requested of both government agencies and
the private sector during Hie Emergency Stage.
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d) Manufacturing Proa a and Industrial Facilities.
I. All manufacturing process and industrial facilities with an Environmental
Rating A, B, or C shall discontinue all operations. Any facility that would
incur serious physical damage as a result of complete shut-down may obtain
a variance from the Administrator, as provided in Section 6 hereof, provided
that such facility must submit to the Administrator a plan when it submits
its petition for variance to reduce its operations to the lowest feasible level and
must observe the terms of such plan.
2. All manufacturing process and industrial facilities with an Environmental
Rating of D shall prepare to discontinue all operations, upon instructions of
the Mayor or the Emergency Control Board.
Section 7i Variance*
7.1 The Administrator may grant individual variances beyond the limitations prescribed
in these Regulations or an approved Plan of Action whenever the Administrator shall
find that compliance with any provision of these Regulations or an approved Plan of
Action would impose unreasonable hardship. Variances may include but are not limited
to the sulfur content of fuels In granting a variance, the Administrator may impose
such conditions as, in his judgment, the policies of these Regulations require
72 All procedures required for the granting of a variance under §14032-3.11 of
Chapter 57 of the Administrative Code of The City of New York shall apply to the
granting of a variance under these Regulations.
Section 81 Termination or Change of Episodes or Stage*
8.1 If, while a Local Episode of any Stage is in effect, the conditions for a Regional
Episode provided for in Section 3.1 are met, the Administrator shall notify the Mayor
and the Emergency Control Board. Conversely, if while a Regional Episode of any
Stage is in effect, conditions should change so that only conditions for a Local Episode
are met, the Administrator shall notify the Mayor and the Emergency Control Board
In either case, the party responsible for declaring that Stage under Section 2.3 shall
redesignate the Stage as appropriate.
8.2 Once declared, a Stage shall continue even though air pollution is reduced below
the criteria for that Stage, unless tSe Department of Air Resources determines that
there is a 24-hour outlook for improved dispersion of air pollutants and also (i) in
the case of an Alert Stage II, air pollution is reduced below Stage I criteria or (ii)
in the case of an Emergency, air pollution is reduced to Alert Stage I criteria. The
Administrator shall notify the Mayor and the Emergency Control Board of the
changed conditions and the Mayor or the Emergency Control Board shall declare the
alert terminated or modified to Alert Stage I, as the case may be. The Administrator
utiall declare the termination of an Alert Stage I.
IMPLEMENTATION MANUAL FOR AN AIR POLLUTION WARNING SYSTEM
Section 1 Executive Order No. 37, 1971 Air Pollution Warning System
Whereas, An air pollution emergency can develop which may result in a serious threat
to the public health and safety; and
Whereas, It is desirable and necessary that certain preventive measures be adopted, so
as to preclude or minimize the impact of an air pollution episode on the health and
welfare of the people of The City of New York.
Now, therefore, by the power vested in me as Mayor of The City of New York, it is
hereby ordered as follows;
Section (i) There is hereby established an Air Pollution Warning System which shall
operate in three stages: Alert Stage 1, Alert Stage 2 and Emergency. The criteria for
determining the stages shall be those prescribed in the Air Pollution Warning Manual
(hereafter "Manual") to be issued by the Administrator, Environmental Protection Ad-
ministration, (hereafter "the Administrator") on the effective date of this order and
such provisions are hereby incorporated in this executive order.
Section (ii) Whenever the Department of Air Resources of the Environmental Protec-
tion Administration, (hereafter "the Department") by appropriate physical measurement
and after consultation with the National Weather Service and the Interstate Sanitation
Commission shall determine that the criteria for any of the stages set forth in Section
1 shall have been reached, the Administrator shall so advise the Mayor and the Emergency
Control Board.
Section (iii) Upon receipt of notice that ambient conditions are such t*-' the criteria
for determining Alert Stage 1 have been met, the Administrator shall declare the existence
of tuch stage. Upon receipt of notice that conditions are such that any of the other
stages have been reached, the Mayor or the Emergency Control Board will declare the
existence of such other stage.
Upon any such declartion. the following action shall be taken.
(a) At all Stages—
The preventive and abatement measures prescribed for all City departments and other
governmental agencies in the Manual for the declared stage shall be taken by the
appropriate organization. The Department shall assign a major portion of its enforcement
staff to carry out field inspections to assure compliance with the abatement measures
prescribed by the Manual.
(b) At Alert Stage*-!
. At the time the Administrator advises the Mayor that the criteria for the
Alert Stage have been reached, the Department shall establish a 24-hour monitoring
procedure to determine the level of contaminants, and shall activate its procedures system
(2) Upon declaration of the Alert Stare 1, all utilities and other large emitters,
shall change their operations to conform to the plan of action that has been approved by
the Inter-Agency Committee on Public Utilities and filed with the Emergency Control
Board.
(3) The Mayor's Emergency Control Board shall fie advised of the existence of the
Alert.
(4) The Department of Health shall immediately take such measures as are necessary
to assess the potential and actual impact of the air pollution episode on the public health
and shall report its findings and recommendations to the Emergency Control Board.
(5) All City departments and agencies shall cooperate wMh the Administrator in the
enforcement of all laws and regulations affecting the contamination of the atmosphere.
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fc) Altrt Stage— 2
(I) The Mayor's Emergency Control Board shall be convened.
(2) There shall be implemented such preventive and abatement measures which
nave been stipulated in the Manual and ordered by the Mayor, or the Emergency Control
Board, included, but not limited to Hie following-
Sa) limitation and control of vehicular traffic.
b) limitation on the use of electric power.
(c) limitation on maximum heating levels.
(d) Emergency
(1) There shall be implemented such preventive and abatement measures which have
been stipulated in the Manual and ordered by the Mayor or the Emergency Control Board
including, but not limited to the following :
(a) a complete ban on vehicular traffic.
fb) limitation on the use of electric power.
fc) limitation or. maximum heating levels.
M) a complete cessation in the operation of large industrial and other emitters.
(2) The Department of Health immediately shall take such measures as it deems
appropriate and shall advise the Mayor and the Emergency Control Board accordingly.
Section (iv) The Manual, when issued by the Administrator, and as amended from
time to time, shall in addition to prescribing the criteria for determining the respective
stages of the air pollution episode, shall prescribe the specific measures to be taken
by me City departments and agencies and by the private sector in order to carry out
the purpose of this order. The Manual and any amendments shall be published in THE
dry RECORD.
Section (v) The Administrator shall promulgate such Rules and Regulations as
are necessary to implement this order.
Section (vi) Executive Order No. 93 of Octooer, 1968 is hereby repealed
Section (vii) This order shall take effect immediately.
JOHN V. LINDSAY, Mayor.
Air Pollution Warning System
INTRODUCTION:
Air pollution has long been recognized as a .personal nuisance and potential threat
to public health. The nuisance effects of the burning of soft coal have been documented
m London since the Middle Ages. The public health menace has been revealed in more
recent limes in the now-famous episodes of the Meuse Valley, Belgium in 1930, Donora
Pennsylvania, in 1948. London in 1952 and 1962. and New York in 1953. 1962 and
Thanksgiving weekend, 1966. In the earliest of these episodes the public health menace
could be objectively identified only because people died
There have undoubtedly also been many eases when high air pollution concentrations
have inflicted less severe damage to humans, animals and other biological species for
which no cause-and-effect data have been developed. Certainly there was nausea, vomiting,
respiratory impairment, air flow resistance and other symptoms associated with air
pollution damage The problems of documentation he in the inability to define explicit
cause-and-effect relationships between air pollutant concentrations and specific health
effects. We have failed to progress for several reasons:
"(1) Most epidemiological studies have been conducted with an adequate date col-
lection program.
(2) Most epidemiological studies have been based on statistical analyses of time
series data, in which cycles of human activity, weather and pollutant concen-
trations have been coincident,
(3) Laboratory exiperiments, primarily with rats, have shown that in atmospheres
containing only a single pollutant such as sulfur dioxide or carbon monoxide,
the concentrations at which measurable health effects occur are an order of
magnitude greater than those in our most polluted atmospheres.
There is 'no question, however, that in the real world outside the laboratory, where
other human parameters come into play, the concentrations at which health effects
occur are considerably lower than those found in the laboratory. Th:r: is also no
question that synergisms occur such as the effects of sulfur dioxide in the presence
of particulates. The true nature of these synergisms have not been adequately defined
as they relate to air pollutants.
It is extremely difficult and perhaps impossible to obtain the data required to
identify them.
• l tos been difficult to """Jaw quantitatively the effects whkh occurred
in the Meuse Valley, Donora,. London and New York on the basis of pollutant con-
centrations. It is especially noteworthy that the sulfur dioxide and particulates concen-
trations at Donora were lower than could be associated wirh the number of deaths
which occurred. Therefore,, nitrogen oxides and other pollutant species which were
present in substantial quantities were blamed for the widespread morbidity and relatively
large number of excess deaths.
Sulfur dioxide concentrations in New York City have frequently exceeded those
round in London episodes, but Ihe greater quantity and types of particulates in the
London air have been responsible for larger numbers of excess deaths
Although we have developed an increasing awareness of the impact of air pollution
on health, there is still a dearth of evidence that might be used to specify levels at
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6.
which specific health effects occur. Thus, air pollution control officials in the past have
adopted programs which had two objectives:
(1) To reduce the nuisance effects of air pollution, and
(2) To curtail the duration of high air pollution concentrations brought on by
periods of light winds and stable atmospheric stratification.
In 1967, the Federal government published a criteria document on sulfur dioxide
but it contained ambiguous and conflicting data. However, the document served as
the basis for an Air Pollution Alert Warning System developed in 1968 for the New
York Metropolitan area. This system was designed so lhat. whenever an episode
of the severity of the 1966 Thanksgiving episode occurred, emergency action would be
taken that might in effect shut down all industrial and commercial activities in the
area. The underlying philosophy was that the earlier stages of activity in this system
would prevent development of the Emergency Stage.
In 1969, the Federal government issued five (5) new criteria documents relating
health effects to sulfur dioxide, partrulates, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and oxidants.
These documents drew heavily on health effects studies from all over the world. The
federal epidemiologists took the view that there existed a sufficient basis to establish
health-effects criteria. Thus, for each pollutant a level was established at which no long-
term health effects were expected to occur. For sulfur dioxide, the value was 0.03 parts
per million (ppm) as an annual average, and for particulates, 75 micrograms per cubic
meter as an annual geometric mean. These values have been proposed by the Federal
Environmental 'Protection Agency as national air quality standards. In addition, 24-hour
average levels have been stipulated which should not be exceeded more than once a
year. The value for SOi was 0.13 ppm and for particulates 260 micrograms per cubic
meter. These concentrations were used as criteria for Alert Stage I, but on the basis
of data developed from many years of sampling, it was determined that the equivalent
maximum six hours concentration-would be approximately a factor of two greater
than these 24-hour levels.
A conference of all air pollution control agencies in the New York Metropolitan
region decided that the alert stages of a warning system should protect against low-order
health effects or morbidity among a sensitive but limited population. This agreement
represents a major department from long-standing attitudes in that it places primary impor-
tance on general public health protection even at a significant cost to the private and
public sector. In this new program, we no longer concern ourselves exclusively with the
frequency with which alerts might occur or economic effects of taking action.
The criteria selected for the Emergency Stage represent levels at which deaths
' ..ve been know n to occur in previous episodes. These have been denned as Imminent
wd Substantial Endangerment levels and should never be reached. To assure this
requires that abatement measures taken in the Alert Stage II are sufficiently drastic
one pollutant
reaches the concentration criterion. In the Alert Stage I, this criterion must be satisfied
over at least 25 aer cent of the network of telemetry stations used in the plan. For
Mert Stage II ana Emergency, the criterion must be satisfied at only one site In the
cai>c of carbon monoxide, data obtained at elevations of less than 25 feet in commercial
and business areas or any area designated a high traffic area shall not be used to test
the criteria.
The type of implementation program to be undertaken in an episode is based on the
nature of the problem and the existing meteorological conditions Thus, episodes are
defined as regional or local. In a local episode, most abatement actions required will be
taken on local sources. In a regional episode, abatement actions will generally be taken
both on sources in the local area and on contributing sources outside the local agency's
jurisdiction.
In another departure from the previous system, the Alert Stage II criteria have
been selected as threshold values to the Emergency Criteria. They serve the function of
warning of the imminent occurrence of the Emergency Stage at which ambient pollutant
"oncentrations can be expected to cause deaths. Thus, this plan requires that drastic
abatement treasures be taken in Alert Stage II in order to prevent the possible occurrence
of the Emergency Stage.
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Criteria lor Air Pollution Warning System
Stage Episode Criteria
Alert—Stage I 0) Sulfur Dioxide—a. six (6) hour concentration
average of OJO ppm.
(2) Parti/Motes—9. six (6) hour concentration average
of 5.0 Cohs per 1.000 feet.
or
(3) —A twenty-four (24) dour concentration average
of 3.0 Cohs per 1.000 feet.
(4) *Product—z twenty-four (24) hour value of 0.50
ppm—Cohs per 1.000 feet
(5) Carbon Monoxide—asi eight (8) hour concentration
average of 15 ppm.
(6) Oxidants-^z four (4). hour concentration average
of 0.15 ppm
Alert—Stage II (1) Sulfur Dioxide—* six '(6) hour concentration aver-
age of 0.50 ppm.
(2) Particulates—z six (6) hour concentration average
of 8.0 Cohs per 1.000 feet.
or
(3) —A twenty-four (24) hour concentration average
of 6.0 Cohs per 1,000 feet.
(4) *Product—z twenty-four (24) hour value 1.60 ppm
—
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4.3 The Police Department shall cooperate in the effective implementation of
all procedures established for an Air Pollution Episode. Contact with the
Police Department shall be established and maintained during any episode,
and activities coordinated so that all emergency procedures and requirements
can be implemented and enforced.
4.4 Plan of Action. A plan of action outlining the activities to be undertaken
during an Air Pollution Alert or Emergency shall be filed with the
Emergency Control Board by the following municipal agencies and the
private sector.
1. Department of Air Resources
J. Department of Sanitation
3. Department of Health
4. Police Department
5. Transit Authority
6. Public Utilities
7. Manufacturing process and industrial facilities with Environmental
Ratings A. B or C as denned in Part 187A Chapter IV of Title 10
of the Official Compilation of Codes, Rules and Regulations of the
State of New York. A listing of these facilities is contained in the
Procedures Manual (for an Air Pollution Warning System) of the
Department of Air Resources, EPA, and may be obtained from the
Department of Air Resources.
Section 5 Implementation Measures Stipulated
ALERT STAGE I
5.0 Actions Stipulated During Stages of Air Pollution Warning System
The Department of Health shall immediately take such measures as art
necessary to assess the potential and actual impact of the air pollution
episode on the public health and shall report its findings and recommendations
to the Mayor and the Emergency Control Board. All City Departments and
agencies shall cooperate with the Administrator of the Environmental
Protection Administration in the enforcement of all laws and regulations
affecting the contamination of the atmosphere
5.1 When an official announcement is made that Alert Stage I will be in effect
—specific abatement action is stipulated in the following areas:
A. Incineration
Central Municipal
On-Site—
(a) Municipal
(b) Private Sector and Other Non-Municipal Facilities
B. Fuel Burning Equipment and General Emissions
Municipal
Private Sector and Other Non-Municipal Facilities
5.2 Agencies Required to Meet Stipulations
The following agencies are required to meet the stipulations contained in
the sections listed below:
A. Municipal Section
Board of Education 5.3.2,5.3.3
Crty University of New York 5J.3
Correction, Department of 5.3.3
Hospitals Corporation 5.3.2, 5 J J
Housing & Urban Development Administration 5.3.2, 5JJ
Housing Authority 5.3.2, 5.3.3
Public Works, Department of 5.3.2. 5.3.3
Sanitation, Department of 5.3.1
Transit Authorrty 5.3.3
All Other City Departments and Agencies 5.3.2, 5.3J
B. Private Sector and Non-Municipal Facilities 5J.2. 5JJ
C. Utilities 5J.4
D. Manufacturing Process and Industrial Facilities 5.3.5
S.3 SPECIFIC ABATEMENT ACTIONS
All actions outlined in this section shall apply for alertt called on the
' basis of sulfur dioxide and particulates For alerts called on the basis of
pxidants or carbon monoxide only actions relating to automobile traffic
in sections 3.3.3 shall apply.
5.3.1 CENTRAL MUNICIPAL INCINERATION
Agency-
Department of Sanitation
Action— ,
(a) All incineration shall be discontinued at the following incinerators.
Greenpoint, Brooklyn '(two out of four furnaces).
Southshore. Brooklyn
Belts Avenue, Queens (two out of four furnaces)
Ob) The hourly burning rate of refuse at all other City incinerators
shall be reduced by 20 per cent of normal capacity in order to
optimize' operations.
(c) These incinerators ishall be operated only in strictest compliance with
Department of Air Resources Rules and Regulations.
(d) All barges receiving refuse at marine transfer stations shall be
loaded approximately 5 per cent heavier than normal subject to the
judgment of each marine transfer station supervisor.
(e) Department of Sanitation collection trucks shall be authorized to
use all New York City roadways.
(f) Weighing-in of Department of Sanitation collection truck* shall be
discontinued at those marine transfer stations and landfills where
the truck waiting time exceeds the normal waiting time (due to the
diversion from closed municipal incinerators).
(g) Private cairmen shall be notified by the Department of Sanitation
that they will be required to u«,e refuse disposal facilities outside of
New York City and that they will not be jxrrmitlcd to use municipal
facilities.
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(h) A plan of action relating to all activities in the Alert and Emergency
stages ihall be filed with the Emergency Control Board within 90
days of the effective date of this order.
5.3.2 OAT SITE INCINERATION
(i) Agency—Municipal
Action—
(a) All Gty department* and agencies including the Housing Au-
thority, the Board of Education and the Hospitals Corporation,
except those which have been granted a valid Certificate of
Operation by the Department of Air Resources, shall discon-
tinue incineration in facilities under their jurisdiction.
(b) Approved incinerators, for which there is a valid Certificate of
Operation, shall be operated only in strictest compliance with
Department of Air Resources Rules and Regulations.
(e) Each project, institution or premise shall inspect all operating
refuse burning equipment to assure optimum performance.
(d) Provision shall be made so that for those on-eite incinerators
discontinued, sufficient personnel and space can be made available
to handle and store tfhe quantity of refuse that could accumulate
fat a five (5) day period.
Sufficient itorage facilities and containers (leak-proof metal cans with tight fitting
covers or other containers acceptable to the Department of Sanitation) must always be
available.
(B) Agency
Private Sector and Other Non-Municipal Facilities
(a) Each building, institution, or premise, except those which have
been granted a valid Certificate of Operation by the Department
of Air Resources, shall discontinue incineration.
(b) Approved incinerators, for which there is a valid Certificate of
Operation shall be operated only in strictest compliance with
Department of Air Resources Rules and Regulations.
_(c) Each building, institution, or premise shall inspect all refuse
burning equipment to assure optimum performance.
(d) Provision shall be made so that when on-site incineration has
been discontinued, sufficient personnel and space can be made
available to handle and store the quantity of refuse that would
accumulate in a five (5) day period.
Sufficient storage facilities and containers '(leak-proof metal cans
with tight fitting covers or other containers acceptable to the De-
partment of Sanitation) must always be available.
5JJ PUEL BURNING EQUIPMENT AND GENERAL EMISSIONS
(i) Agency—Municipal
Action—
(a) All City departments and agencies shall strictly enforce all
laws and regulations affecting the contamination of the at-
mosphere, and in particular, all sections of the Air Pollution
Control Code. This shall include, but shall not be limited to
the cruising of taxicabs, visible vehicle emissions, visible stack
emissions, etc.
(b) Each project, institution, or premise so equipped, shall burn
natural gas to the maximum extent available to meet its energy
needs, or other fuels having a sulfur content of 03 per cent or
less at other times.
Implementation includes provision for changing to natural gas fuel
or maintenance of a minimum four (4) day reserve of fuel having
a sulfur content of 0.3 per cent or less. Facilities must be main-
tained so that the changeover can be achieved expediently.
(c) Any bailer lancing and soot blowing shall be carried out no
more than once a day and shall be restricted to the hours of
noon to 3 P. M.
(d) Each department or agency shall make provision so that in the
event limitations must be placed on vehicular traffic all non-
essential or non-emergency vehicles can promptly be taken out
of service. Essential vehicles must be properly identified and
registered with Emergency Control Board within 90 days of
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5.3.4 UTILITIES AND STEAM ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS
(a) Utilities shall assign a top priority to providing all installa-
tions having interruptible gas systems with a maximum
Ripply of natural gas tor space heating purposes and in addition
shall obtain all available supplies for steam power plant use.
(b) Electric power generating companies shall implement a program
of load shifting which will minimize population exposure to
power plant effluents. This shall include the purchase of all
available power from outside the New York Metropolitan
area. A copy of the Plan of Action and any subsequent revision
of same shall be approved by the Interagency Committee on
Public Utilities and filed with the Emergency Control Board
within 90 days of the approval of this document.
(c) All steam electric power generating companies shall use natural
gas or fuels having a sulfur content of OJ per cent or less.
Facilities must be maintained so that the changeover can be
achieved expediently
(d) Utilities shall urge the public to reduce electric power
consumption to a minimum.
(e) Any boiler lancing and soot blowing shall be carried out no more
than once per day and be restricted to the hours of noon to
3 P.M.
•gee Section4J.
S.3.5 MANUFACTURING PROCESS AND INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES
(a) All manufacturing process and industrial facilities with an
•Environmental Rating A shall reduce their operations to a
level of SO per cent or less of maximum capacity to prepare to shut
down all operations.
(b) All manufacturing process and industrial facilities with an
Environmental Rating B or C shall take whatever steps might
be feasible to minimize emissions for a short term (up to 4 days)
and prepare to reduce to reduce their operations to a level no
more than 50 percent or maximum capacity.
(c) A Plan of Action shall be drawn up for all facilities with
Environmental Ratings A. B or C, outlining procedures to be
taken in Alert and Emergency stages and shall be filed with the
Emergency Control 'Board within 90 days of the effective date
of this order.
Section 6 Alert—Stage II
*"* Vf0" ch" decla.ration bv *" Environmental Protection Administrator that
vr^t *W 's ln e"ect' the following courses of action will be initiated:
(i) The Mayor's Emergency Control Board shall be convened
(11) Upon the advice and recommendation of the Administrates of the En-
vironmental Protection Administration, the Emergency Control Board
shall mandate that such additional preventive and abatement measures
Be taken as may be determined appropriate and necessary
6.1 When an official announcement is made that Alert Stage II will be in effect-
specific abatement action is stipulated in the folowing areas:
A. Incineration
Central Municipal
On-Site
(a) 'Municipal
(b) Private Sector and Other Non-Municipal Facilities.
B. Fuel Burning Equipment and Central Emissions
Municipal
Private Sector and Other Non-Municipal Facilities.
6.2 Agencies Required to Meet Stipulations
The following agencies are required to meet the stipulations contained in
the sessions listed below:
A- Munieifol Section
Education, Board of * 3 2 6JJ
City University of New York 6A3 ,
Correction, Department of 0.3.3
Hospitals Corporation 6J 2, 6JJ
Housing Administration \ 6.3 2, 6.33
HouMn* Authority • 6,3.2, 6.3.3
Public Works, Department of • 6.3.2, 6.3J
Sanitation, Department of 631
Transit Authority 6J.3
All other City Departments and Agencies 6.3.2. 6JJ
B. Private Sector and Non-Muninpal Facilities 6.3 2, 6 3J
C. Utilities 6.3.4
D. Manufacturing Process and Industrial Facilities 6J.4
Action
(a) Each building, institution, or premise shall make provision to
minimize the use of fuels for space heating or maintain minimum
legal temperatures and provide an adequate supply of hot water.
Room temperatures within all residential buildings shall be main-
tained at minimum temperatures as follows:
Between October 31 and May 1—when the outside temperature
is below 55 degrees Fahrenheit during the hours of 6 a. m. to
10 p. m., 60 degrees Fahrenheit. When the outside temperature is
below 40 degrees Fahrenheit during the hours of 10 p. m. to 6 a. m.,
55 degrees Fahrenheit.
Between May 1 and October 31—no heat shall be provided while
Alert Stage II exists
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11.
(b) All lighting, air conditioning, and other electrical devices not
essential for safety and the safeguarding of health, Shall be cur-
tailed. For example, all lighting for advertising signs and marquees
in _the_ Times Square area, and throughout the Gty, shall be
extinguished.
(c) The Plan of Action for mass transportation facilities as provided
in the Alert Stage I shall be put into effect.
(d) Vehicular movement shall be curtailed (*•) except for designated
essential services such as fire, police and hospital services, including
the transportation of patients thereto, emergency calls by physicians,
mass transportation facilities, public and private sanitation pickup
trucks, utijity emergency repairs, snow removal equipment, mor-
tuary services, and essential deliveries of food products, fuel and
medical supplies.
(e) AH procedures of the Alert Stage I not specifically altered by the
above shall remain in effect
6.3 SPECIFIC ABATEMENT ACTIONS—\\\ actions outlined in this
•action shall apply for Alerts called on the basis of sulfur dioxide and par-
ticulates. For Alerts called on the basis of oxidants or carbon monoxide only
actions under section 4.3.3 relating
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12.
U licks, utility emergency repairs, snow removal equipment, mortuary
services, and essential deliveries of food products, fuel and medical
id) •Plan of Action for mass transportation facilities as provided in
the Alert Stage I shall be. put into effect
(rt A!! procedures of the Alert Stag' ' not specifically altered by the
above shall remain in effect
(ii) Ager...
Private Sector and other Non-Municipal Facilities
• See Section S3
•* Curtailment implies:
(1) A voluntary reduction of vehicle use by the jrivate sector.
(2) A mandatory ban on private and/or other vehicles may be imposed in
areas (such as the central business district) as authorized by the Mayor.
(3) Vehicular ban may be restricted to one or more boroughs as authorized
by the Mayor on the recommendation of the Environmental Protection Administrator.
o.5.4 UTILITIES AND STEAM ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS
(a) Electrical utilities shall maintain full compliance with .regard to
the measures implemented during the Alert Stage I.
(b) Electrical utilities shall assign a high priority to the supplying of
power to subway and other mass transit facilities to assure their
efficient operations during this stage.
(c) Electrical utilities shall impose a S per cent voltage reduction in
order to maintain a minimum rate of power production
6.3.5 MANUFACTURING PROCESS AND INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES
(a) All manufacturing process and industrial facilities with an Environ-
mental Rating A shall discontinue all operations that produce
atmospheric emissions.
(b) All manufacturing process and industrial facilities with an Environ-
mental Rating B or C shall reduce their operations to a level of
per cent or less of maximum capacity and prepare to shut down
all operations.
(c) Further restrictions on the level of operations of these facilities
might be mandated by the Emergency 'Control Board.
••See Proceeding Page.
Section? Emergency Stage
7.0 U.pon the declaration by the Mayor or the Emergency Control Board that
an EmerfCTcy is in effect the following courses of action will be initiated.
There shall be implemented such additional preventive and abatement
measures which may be declared and ordered by the Mayor or the Emergency
Control Board.
The Health Services Administration immediately shall take such measures
as h deems appropriate and shall advise the Mayor and the Emergency
Control Board accordingly.
7.1 When an official announcement is made that the Emergency Stage is in effect,
specific abatement action is stipulated in the following areas:
A. Incineration
Central Municipal
On-Site—
!a) Municipal
b)
. . Private Sector and Other Non-Municipal Facilities
fl. Fuel Burning Equipment and General Emissions
Municipal
Private Sector and Other Non-Municipal Facilities
7.2 Agencies Required to Meet Stipulations
The following agencies are required to meet stipulations named below:
A. Municipal Section
Education, Board of 732. 7.3.3
City University of New York 7JJ
Correction, Department of JM
Hospitals Corporation -.... 7.3.2, 7.3.3
Housing and Urban Development Administration 732, 7.3.3
Housing Authority 7.3.2,7.3.3
Public Works, Department of 7.3.2,7.3.3
Sanitation, Department of 7J.I
Transit Authority 7.3.3
All Other City Departments and Agencies 7.3.2, 7.3.3
B. Private Sector and Non-Municipal Facilities 132, 7.3.3
C. Utilities 7.3.4
D. Manufacturing Process and Industrial Facilities 7.3.5
7.3 Specific Abatement Actions
7.3.1 CENTRAL MUNICIPAL INCINERATION
Agency
Department of Sanitation
Action
(a) All Municipal incineration shall be discontinued. The following are
the remaining incinerators to shut down •
Greenpoint, Brooklyn (remaining two furnaces)
Hamilton Avenue, Brooklyn
Belts Avenue, Queens (remaining two furnaces)
(b) All procedures of the Alert Stages not specifically altered by the
above shall remain in effect.
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13.
7.3.2 OK-SITE INCINERATION
(i) Agency—Municipal
(a) All City department* and agencies shall operate facilities under
their jurisdiction in such a manner as to achieve a maximum in
. fuel economy and a minimum in air contaminant emissions.
(b) AH procedures of the Alert Stage II not specfically altered by the
above shall remain in effect
Private Sector and Other Non-Municipal Facilities
Action
(a) Every building, institution, or premise shall operate its facilities
in such a manner as to achieve a maximum in fuel eooiomy and a
moununft in ur contutunBnt ctnBsions-
(b) All procedures of the Alert Stages not specifically altered by the
above shall remain in effect
7.3.3 FUEL BURNING EQUIPMENT AND GENERAL EMISSIONS
(i) Agency—Municipal
Action
(a) All lighting, air conditioning, and other electrical devices not es-
sential for safety and the safeguarding of health shall be discon-
tinued.
(b) Vehicular movement shall be banned except for designated essential
services such as fire, police and hospital services including the trans-
portation of patients thereto, emergency calls by physicians, mass
transportation facilities, public and private sanitation pickup, trucks,
utility emergency repairs, snow removal equipment mortuary serv-
ices, and essential deliveries of food products, fuel and medical
(c) All procedures of me Alert Stages not specifically altered by the
above shall remain in effect
(U) Agency
Private Sector and Other Non-Municipal Facilities
Action
(a) AU lighting, air conditioning, and other electrical devices not es-
sential for safety and the safeguarding of health, shall be discon-
tinued.
(b) Vehicular movement shall be banned except for designated essential
services such as fire, police and hospital services including the trans-
portation of patients thereto, emergency calls by physicians, mass
transportation facilities; public and private sanitation pickup trucks,
utility emergency repairs, snow removal equipment, mortuary serv-
ices, and essential deliveries of food products, fuel and medical
supplies.
(c) AH procedures of the Alert Stages not specifically altered by the
above shall remain in-effect.
7.3.4 UTILITIES AND STEAM ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS
(a) Etetric "to"*'** shall reduce power generation in proportion to the
reduction in power usage requested of both government agencies and
the private sector during this F^nergency Stage.
(b) AU procedures of the Alert Stages not specifically altered by a
subsequent stipulation shall remain in effect during this stage
7.3.S MANUFACTURING PROCESS AND'INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES
(a) All.manufaaturing process and industrial facilities with an Environ-
mental Ratitig A, B or C shall discontinue all operations. Any facili-
ties that might incur serious damage as a result of complete shutdown
may i 'l*0""?1^ exempt from this requirement by the Environ-
mental Protection Administrator provided that by plan they reduce
their operations to the lowest feasible level.
(b) All manufacturing process and industrial facilities with an Environ-
mental Rating D shall prepare to discontinue all operations.
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14.
REGULATIONS PERTAINING TO THE AIR POLLUTION WARNING SYSTEM
Section 4: Criteria for Air Pollution Warning S>stem.
• • •
4J Alert Stage II may be declared when any one or more of the following criteria
are met at any one or more of the air quality monitoring sites maintained by the Depart-
ment of Air Resources:
* * *
(b) Paitknlates—A 6-hour concentration of ID (8.0]* Cohs per 1,000 feet or
a 24-hour average, concentration cf 6.0 Cohs per 1,000 feet.
• • • •
4.4 An Emergency Stage may be declared when any one or more of the following
criteria are met at any one or more of the air quality monitoring sites maintained by
the Department of Air Resources:
* • •
(b) Partkulates—A 24-hour average concentration of 7.0 [8.0] Cohs per 1,000
feet
• • *
(d) Carboa MMzUc—An 8-hour average concentration of 40 (50] ppm.
(e) Oxidate—(measured as ozone)—A 4-hour average concentration of 035
[0.40] ppm.
IMPLEMENTATION MANUAL FOR AN AIR POLLUTION WARNING SYSTEM
Section 2: Air "Pollution Warning System.
* * •
Criteria for Air Pollution Warning System
Step Episode Criteria
r * * *
Alert—Stage II
* * *
(2) Partfcolate*—A six (6) hour concentration average of 7.0 [8.0] Cohs per
1,000 feet, or
(3) —A twenty-four (24) hour concentration average of 6.0 Cohs per 1,000 feet.
• * *
Emergency
(2) Particulars—A twenty-four (24) hour concentration a\erage of 7.0 (8.0]
Cohs per 1,000 feet.
(4) Carbon monoxide—An eight (8) hour concentration average of 40 [SO] ppm.
(5) Oxidants—A four (4) hour concentration average of 0.35 |0.40] ppm.
* Note—New matter in italicj; old matter in brackets [ ] to be' omitted
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TITLE:
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