1995 Annual Report
on Air Quality
in New England
United States
Environmental Protection Agency,Region 1
Office of Environmental Measurement and Evaluation
Lexington, MA 02173
July 1996
Ecosystem Assessment Branch
-------
This document was prepared by:
The Ecosystems Assesment Branch
And
Judith Keefe, MTI
Stephanie Muse, MTI
Jim Fritz, ROW
Further inquiries may be directed to:
Wendy McDougall
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Region I, OEME
60 Westview Street
Lexington, MA 02173
The photograph on the Cover was taken by Sue Koski
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 1
NATIONAL AIR QUALITY STANDARDS 3
1995 SUMMARY OF NEW ENGLAND NAMS/SLAMS (TABLE 1) 4
HEALTH EFFECTS OF CRITERIA POLLUTANTS 5
NUMBER OF STATIONS VIOLATING NATIONAL AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (TABLE 2) ... 6
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA INCLUDING STATIONS THAT EXCEED
NATIONAL AIR QUALITY STANDARDS, WITH 5 YEAR TRENDS (TABLE 3) 7
ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS USED IN TABLE 3 9
1995 PRECISION AND ACCURACY DATA (TABLE 4) 84
REGION I 1995 PERFORMANCE AUDIT PROGRAM 87
REGION I NONATTAINMENT AREAS (MAP 1) 88
PHOTOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT MONITORING STATIONS 89
ACID RAIN PROGRAM AND UVB 96
STATE AND REGIONAL AIRS CONTACTS 105
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1995 ANNUAL REPORT ON AIR QUALITY
IN NEW ENGLAND
Tliis report represents 1995 annual air quality information for all states in New
England. The majority of the data included in this report were submitted to EPA
by the states from their ambient monitoring networks in accordance with 40 CFR
58. The only data from industrial monitors which have been included are from the
Massachusetts Industrial Network, EPA-required networks in New Hampshire and
Maine's licensing program which supplements the state network.
This report is intended to list potential nonattainment areas for planning
purposes. The majority of data used have been evaluated and verified by EPA;
however, for the areas listed as nonattainment, the data may require further
evaluation by both EPA and the states. This report reflects the status of the AIRS
database as of April, 1996.
Table 1 is a summary of the status of the National Air Monitoring Stations
(NAMS) and the State/Local Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS) submitting data
to Region I. This table lists the number of sites operating, the required number of
sites, the number of sites reporting precision and accuracy data, and the number of
sites not meeting EPA minimum data capture requirements. Following Table 1 is
a list of health effects of the criteria pollutants.
Table 2 shows the number of stations violating the National Ambient Air
Quality Standards (NAAQS) and the total number of stations reporting data during
1995.
Table 3 lists, by state, a summary of criteria pollutant data from sites in each
state in New England, and from industrial sites in New Hampshire, Massachusetts,
and Maine. The information presented compares the measured values to each
NAAQS; it includes the number of exceedances, the maximum and second high
values, and the annual means (arithmetic mean or average for SO2, PM10 and NO2).
For intermittent data, an annual mean is not valid unless there are four valid
quarters. For PM10, 75% of the scheduled samples must be available for a quarter
to be considered valid. For continuous data, 75% of the year must be available to
calculate a valid annual average.
-------
Included with Table 3 are graphs of selected air quality monitoring sites which
show a five year span of data for PM10, Pb, CO, SO2, and NO2. For ozone, a graph
of the number of days exceeding the standard each year for the last five years is
used. Also included is a discussion of the compliance status for each pollutant, this
is located in the front of the individual state sections. In addition, state maps are
included which display pollutant levels and location of monitoring sites.
Table 4 lists the precision and accuracy data submitted by the six New
England states. The 95% probability limits for six criteria pollutants are given as
a network average for each state.
The next page lists the results from the Region I audit program for O3, SO2 and
Particulates. The results presented on a state-by-state basis give the number of
satisfactory, marginal, and unsatisfactory audits.
Map 1 consists of three maps of the nonattainment areas in New England with
the last reported violation and the attainment and unclassified areas in which there
were recent violations of the NAAQS.
A description of the Region 1 Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations
and program follows Map 1.
The next section contains a description of the Acid Rain Program.
Appendix A is a list of AIRS state and regional Air Quality Contacts, their
addresses and phone numbers.
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NATIONAL AIR QUALITY STANDARDS'*
Pollutant
Averaging Time
Primary Standards3
Secondary Standards0
S02
PM10D
CO
03E
NO2
Pb
Annual Arithmetic
Mean
24 hours
3 hours
Annual Arithmetic
Mean
24 hours
8 hours
1 hour
1 hour
Annual Arithmetic
Mean
Calendar Quarter
Arithmetic Mean
80 ug/m3
(0.03 ppm)
365 ug/m3
(0.1 4 ppm)
50 ug/m3
150 ug/m3
9 ppm
35 ppm
0.125 ppm
(0.05 ppm)
100 ug/m3
1.5 ug/m3
1300 ug/m3
(0.5 ppm)
Same as Primary
Standard
Same as Primary
Standard
Same as Primary
Standard
Same as Primary
Standard
Same as Primary
Standard
Same as Primary
Standard
Same as Primary
Standard
A National standards, other than those based on annual arithmetic means, are not to be exceeded more than
once a year.
B National Primary Standards: The levels of air quality necessary, with an adequate margin of safety, to
protect the public health.
c National Secondary Standards: The levels of air quality necessary to protect the public welfare from any
known or anticipated adverse effects of a pollutant.
D PM10 replaced TSP as the ambient paniculate standard effective July 31, 1987, and includes only those
panicles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than or equal to a nominal 10 microns. Expected number of
exceedances shall not be more than one per year (3 year average) as determined by Appendix K of 40CFR
Pan 50.
E Expected number of exceedance days shall not be more than one per year (3 year average) as determined
by Appendix K of 40CFR Part 50.
-------
TABLE 1
1995 SUMMARY OF NEW ENGLAND NAMS/SLAMS
01 ME MA NH RI vr TOTALS
NAMS - National Air Monitoring Stations
Number of NAMS Designated
Monitors 26 4 31 3 8 2 69
Monitors NOT meet-
ing EPA's minimum
data capture
requirements" 604100 11
Ave. completeness
all NAMS monitors 91% 96% 91% 93% 93% 97% 94%
SLAMS - State/Local Air Monitoring Stations
Number of SLAMS Designated
Monitors 42 23 34 36 8 12 120
Monitors NOT meet-
ing EPA's minimum
data capture
requirements" 402940 19
Ave. completeness
all SLAMS monitors 97% 88% 94% 75% 82% 95% 89%
Adjusted for seasonal monitoring and site start-ups and terminations
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Health Effects of Criteria Pollutants
Lead (Pb)
Lead causes retardation and brain damage, especially
in children. Lead also causes liver disease, interferes
with blood formation, the nervous system and the
renal system and can affect the normal functions of
the reproduction and cardiovascular systems. The
sources of lead pollution are motor-vehicle exhaust,
lead smelters and battery manufacturing plants.
Ozone (Oj)
Respiratory tract problems such as difficult breathing
and reduced lung function may be caused by high
ozone levels. Ozone also causes asthma, eye
irritation, nasal congestion, reduced resistance to
infection and premature aging of lung tissue. It
injures vegetation, and has adverse effects on
materials. Ozone is generally highest on sultry
summer afternoons. Ozone is formed in the
atmosphere by the reaction of nitrogen oxides, and
hydrocarbons in the presence of sunlight.
Nitrogen Oxides (NO,)
The health effects of this pollutant include respiratory
illness, lung damage.and increased airway resistance.
It may make one more susceptible to respiratory
infection. Nitrogen oxides can cause edema (in
concentrations of lOppm for 8 hours); concentrations
of 20-30 ppm for 8 hours can produce fatal lung
damage. NOX also reacts with hydrocarbons to form
photochemical oxidants. The sources of nitrogen
oxides are: Motor-vehicle exhaust, heat and power
generation, nitric acid, explosives, fertilizer plants,
and combustion of fuels.
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Carbon Monoxide acts in the bloodstream to deprive
the heart and brain of oxygen. It impairs the ability
of the blood to carry oxygen, and affects the
cardiovascular, nervous, and pulmonary systems.
Moderate concentrations significantly reduce brain
functions, and can cause angina. Carbon Monoxide
is caused by the incomplete combustion of carbon,
which occurs in motor-vehicles, and some industrial
processes.
Sulfur Dioxide
This pollutant causes respiratory tract problems, eye
irritation, and permanent harm to lung tissue. It
combines with water to form acid aerosols and
sulfuric acid mist which falls to earth as acid rain,
causing plant and structural damage, and acidifying
bodies of water. Sources of sulfur dioxide include
heat and power generation facilities, combustion
processes that use oil or coal containing sulfur,
sulfuric acid plants, petroleum refineries and smelters
of sulfur-containing ore.
Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10)
This pollutant causes eye and throat irritation,
bronchitis, lung damage, and impaired visibility. It
soils materials, causes corrosion, and acts as a carrier
of toxics adsorbed or absorbed in it. Motor vehicle
exhaust, industrial processes, incinerators, heat and
power generation, steel mills, smelters, demolition,
wood burning stoves, fugitive dust, and plants are
sources of suspended paniculate matter.
-------
TABLE 2
SO,
Annual Primary
24-hour Primary*
3-hour Secondary*
EM,.
Annual Primary
24-hour Primary**
CO
8-hour Primary*
1-hour Primary*
NUMBER OF STATIONS VIOLATING
NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
1995
Standard
CT
ME
MA
NH
RI
VT
80 ug/m3
365 ug/m3
1300 ug/m3
50 ug/m3
150 ug/m3
9 ppm
35 ppm
0/13
0/13
0/13
0/31
0/31
0/5
0/5
0/13
0/13
0/13
0/27
0/27
_.
0/22
0/22
0/22
0/17
0/17
0/9
0/9
0/11
0/11
0/11
0/13
0/13
0/2
0/2
0/3
0/3
0/3
0/7
0/7
0/3
0/3
0/2
0/2
0/2
0/6
0/6
0/2
0/2
1-hour Primary*** 0.12 ppm 8/11 3/14
100 ug/m3 0/4 0/2
NO,
Annual Primary
Ph
Quarterly Mean
1.5 ug/m3 0/4
6/17
0/14
0/8
1/7
0/2
2/3
0/3
0/2
0/2
* Unless the second highest average exceeds the NAAQS, there is no violation.
** Expected number of excecdanccs shall not be more than one per year (3 year average) as determined by
Appendix K of 40CFR Part 50.
*** Expected number of cxceedance days shall not be more than one per year (3 year average) as determined by
Appendix K of 40CFR Part 50.
x/y - x is the number of stations in violation.
y is the total number of stations.
— This pollutant is not monitored in the state.
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TABLE 3
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This page intentionally left blank.
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SITE ID Site Identification number
POC Parameter Occurrence Code -
differentiates between monitors for a
given pollutant
MT Monitor type (1 =NAMS,
2=SLAMS, 3=Other, 4=lndustrial,
6,7,8=PAMS 0=Unknown, C=Non
EPA Federal)
YR Year
REP ORG Reporting Organization
#OBS Number of Observations
MAX 24-HR: 1ST Highest 24-hour value
recorded in the year
2ND Second highest 24-hour
value for the year
3RD Third highest 24-hour
value for the year.
4TH Fourth highest 24-hour
value for the year.
ARITHMEAN Arithmetic mean
WTD ARITH MEAN Weighted arithmetic mean
GEO MEAN Geometric mean
ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS USED IN TABLE 3
OBS>35
GEO STD
Geometric standard deviation
QUARTERLY ARITH MEANS:
1 ST First quarter arithmetic mean
2ND Second quarter arithmetic mean
3RD Third quarter arithmetic mean
4TH Fourth quarter arithmetic mean
MEANS > 1.5 Number of quarterly means
greater than 1.5 ug/m3 for lead
MAX VALUES: 1ST Highest 24-hour value
recorded for the year (except Pb for
Connecticut and New Hampshire, which are
monthly values).
2ND Second highest 24-hour value
recorded for the year (except Pb for
Connecticut and New Hampshire, which are monthly
values).
METH
MAX 1-HR:
Method
1 ST Highest 1 -hour value
recorded in the year
2ND Second highest 1 -hour
value recorded in the year
Number of observations greater
than 3 5 ppm for CO
MAX 8-HR: 1 ST Highest 8-hour value
recorded in the year
2ND Second highest 8-hour
value recorded in the year
OBS > 9 Number of 8-hour ave. greater than
9 ppm for CO
OBS > 365 Number of 24-hour ave. greater than
365 ug/m3 for SO2
MAX 3-HR: 1 ST Highest 3 -hour value
recorded in the year
2ND Second highest 3-hour
value recorded in the year
Obs > 1300 Number of 3-hour ave. greater
than 1300 ug/m3 for SO2
NUM MEAS The valid number of days
measured
NUM REQ The valid number of days in the
ozone season
NUM OBS
Number of Observations
SCHEDULED NUM OBS
Number of observations scheduled
% OBS Percent completed of number of
observations scheduled
VALID DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM:
Maximum hourly values for
1ST the highest day
2ND the second highest day
3RD the third hi ghest day
4TH the fourth highest day
VALS>.125: MEAS Number of measured
daily maximum > 0.125 ppm
EST Number of expected
violations
MISS DAYS ASSUMED < STANDARD
Number of missing days assumed to
be less than the standard
THE DATA IN TABLE 3 CONSISTS OF BOTH
STATE AND PRIVATE NETWORKS.
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This page intentionally left blank.
10
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1995 CONNECTICUT AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SUMMARY
There are five carbon monoxide (CO) monitoring sites in CT. Of these sites, the Hartford Morgan
Street site exceeded the 8-hour standard once with a value of 10.1 ppm or 112% of the NAAQS.
This was the first time an exceedance occurred since 1992. The five-year trend graph shows that all
of the other sites are well below the standard and relatively stable.
There were no exceedances or violations of the quarterly lead (Pb) NAAQS at any of the five sites
in CT. The site with the highest values in the state was the New Haven Stiles Street site which had
a maximum quarterly average of 0.06 ug/m3 or 4% of the NAAQS. The Pb five-year trend graph
shows that Pb levels continue to remain very low.
Four sites monitored for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in 1995. None of which experienced any
exceedances or violations of the NAAQS. Bridgeport, East Hartford and New Haven reported values
of 48%, 34% and 50% of the NAAQS. The photochemical assessment monitoring station (PAMS)
in Stafford operates seasonal and had a seasonal arithmetic mean of 16% of the NAAQS. The five-
year trend graph shows that the NO2 levels for these towns has been constant.
All eleven ozone (O3) sites in CT had exceedances or violations of the NAAQS. The Madison and
Stratford sites had the most. The Madison site also had the highest 1-hour second maximum value
of 0.165 ppm or 132% of the NAAQS. In the past few years, the coastal ozone sites have been
reporting the most days over the NAAQS.
None of the particulate matter less than 10 microns (PM,0) sites in CT had any exceedances or
violations of the annual or 24-hour standards in 1995. The Norwalk and the New Haven Corner of
Stiles Street sites reported the highest 24-hour second maximum values of 76 ug/m3 or 51% of the
NAAQS. These sites had annual arithmetic means of 64% and 52% of the NAAQS respectively. The
five-year trend graphs show no discernable trends for PM10, except for the New Haven site which
shows a decrease in the concentration of PM10.
Thirteen sites monitored for sulfur dioxide (S02) in 1995. There were no exceedances or violations
of the annual, 24-hour, or 3-hour NAAQS. The highest annual arithmetic mean was reported at
Stamford at 30 ug/m3 or 38% of the NAAQS, while the lowest annual arithmetic mean was reported
at Mansfield at 8 ug/m3 or 10% of the NAAQS. New Haven reported the highest 24-hour second
maximum of 100 ug/m3 or 27% of the NAAQS. The Bridgeport Congress Street reported the highest
3-hour second maximum - 163 ug/m3 or 13% of the NAAQS. In general the five-year S02 trend
graphs show no discernable trends.
11
-------
HARTFORD
TOLLAND
WINDHAM
COURTHOUSE 166 MORGAN 8TREE1
HARTFORD
7.0
LITCHFIELD
401 FLATBU8H AVENUE
HARTFORD
4J
NEW LONDON
MIDDLESEX
NEW HAVEN
121 ElM STREET
NEW HAVEN
3.7
FAIRFIELD
JASPER MCLEVV HALL STATE STREET
BRIDGEPORT
4.9
CONNECTICUT CARBON MONOXIDE
s LIBRARY M BROAD 8T STAMFORD CT
Second-highest eight-hour average carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in ppm for sites in Connecticut. 1 he
eight-hour CO standard is 9 ppm.
-------
CONNECTICUT CARBON MONOXIDE
10
91
Bridgeport Stamford Hartford New Haven
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
CARBON MONOXIDE (42101)
p
0
SITE ID C
09-001-0004 1
09-003-0013 1
09-003-0017 1
09-009-0025 1
09-001-0020 1
H
T CITY
2 BRIDGEPORT
1 HARTFORD
1 HARTFORD
2 NEW HAVEN
2 STAMFORD
COUNTY
FAIRFIELD CO
HARTFORD CO
HARTFORD CO
NEW HAVEN CO
FAIRFIELD CO
CONNECTICUT
ADDRESS
JASPER MCLEVY HALL
401 FLATBUSH AVENUE
COURTHOUSE, 155 MORGAN S
121 ELM STREET
LIBRARY 96 BROAD ST ST
UNITS: 007 PPM
REP
ORG #OBS
001 8550
001 8671
001 8508
001 7485
001 8270
MAX 1-HR
1ST
7.5
6.5
17.3
7.0
9.5
2ND
7.0
5.6
13.6
5.5
7.6
OBS>
35
0
0
0
0
0
MAX 8-HR
1ST
5.0
4.8
10.1
4.5
5.5
2ND
4.9
4.5
7.0
3.7
5.4
OBS>
9
0
0
1
0
0
METH
011
011
011
011
011
13
-------
LITCHFIELD
HARTFORD
AETNA INSURANCE MAIHT OARAGE FLOWER 3T
'HARTFORD
0.0 j
CITY HALL 740 MAIN STREET
EAST HARTFORD
0.0 X
MEADOW AND BANK
WATERBURY
00.4
NEW HAVEN
FAIRFIELD
ROOSEVELT SCHOOL P,
BRIDGEPORT
o.o a.
STILES STREET
NEW HAVEN
ao*.
10
-T—
Miles
20
CONNECTICUT LEAD
Highest-quarterly average lead concentration (ug/in3) for sites in Connecticut. The quarterly average lead
standard is 1.50 ug/m3.
-------
CONNECTICUT LEAD
0.3
co"
E
2* 0.25
0.2
HI 0.15
o °-1
^
•I 0.05
NAAQS 1.5ug/m3
o ' L-
91
Bridgeport Hartford East Hartford New Haven
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
LEAD (12128)
p
0 M
SITE ID C T CITY
COUNTY
ADDRESS
CONNECTICUT UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25 C)
REP QUARTERLY ARITH MEANS MEANS MAX VALUES
ORG (WBS 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH >1.5 1ST 2ND
09-001-0010 1 2 BRIDGEPORT
09-003-1004 1 1 EAST HARTFORD
09-003-0016 1 1 HARTFORD
09-009-0018 1 2 NEW HAVEN
09-009-2123 2 2 UATERBURY
09-009-2123 3 3 WATERBURY
FAIRFIELD CO ROOSEVELT SCHOOL 001 12 .01 .02 .02 .02 0 .03 .03
HARTFORD CO CITY HALL 001 12 .01 .01 .01 .02 0 .03 .02
HARTFORD CO AETNA INSURANCE MA 001 12 .01 .02 .02 .03 0 .04 .03
NEW HAVEN CO STILES STREET. 001 12 .06 .05 .04 .05 0 .10 .06
NEW HAVEN CO SHED MEADOW 001 12 .02 .02 .03 .04 0 .05 .03
NEW HAVEN CO SHED MEADOW 001 12 .02 .02 .02 .04 0 .05 .03
15
-------
, ROUTE 1«0,8HENIP8JT 8TA1^ FOREST
/STAFFORD
W '
flEFi
BHED CONGRESS 8TREE1
BHDOEPORT
0.0243
15 20
CONNECTICUT NITROGEN DIOXIDE
Annual average nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concenlration in ppni for sites in Connecticut. The annual average NO2
standard is 0.05 ppm.
-------
CONNECTICUT NITROGEN DIOXIDE
0.035
0.03 -
0.025 -
0.02 -
0.015
NAAQSO.OSppm
J_
91
92
93
YEAR
94
95
Bridgeport East Hartford New Haven
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMAT ION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
NITROGEN DIOXIDE (42602)
CONNECTICUT
UNITS: 007 PPM
SITE ID
09-001-0113
09-003-1003
09-009-1123
09-013-1001
? INDICATES
0
C
1
1
1
1
M
T
2
2
2
3
CITY
BRIDGEPORT
EAST HARTFORD
NEW HAVEN
STAFFORD
THAT THE MEAN DOES
COUNTY
FAIRFIELD CO
HARTFORD CO
NEW HAVEN CO
TOLLAND CO
ADDRESS
SHED CONGRESS STREET
HCAULIFFEE PARK
715 STATE STREET
ROUTE 190, SHENIPSIT STATE
REP
ORG
001
001
001
001
.
#OBS
8576
8539
8452
6451
MAX
1ST
.099
.076
.092
.058
1-HR MAX
2ND 1ST
.095
.074
.090
.057
24- HR ARIT
2ND MEAN
.024
.017
.025
.008?
METH
014
014
014
014
NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
17
-------
ROUTE 190 8H6MIP8rr STATE FOHE!
STAFFORD
*
UNIVERSITY HOAO
TOnniNOTON
HARTFORD
TOLLAND
WINDHAM
MCAUUFFEE PARK
EAST HARTFOBD
I *
LITCHFIELD
NEW LONDON
CONN VALLEY H03P. SHEW HALL EASTt
MIOOLETOWN
MIDDLESEX
NEW HAVEN
TRAIIER W. CONNECTICUT STATE
DANBURY
715 STATE STRI
NEW HAVEN
UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT. AVERY POINT
QROTON
4
FAIRFIELD
HAMMONASSET STATE PARK
MADISON
I
SHED CONGRESS 8T
BRIDGEPORT
U8CQ LIGHTHOUSE PROSPECT 8T
STRATFORD
7
CONNECTICUT OZONE
Number of ozone exceedance days for sites in Connecticut
GREENWICH POINT PARK
GREENWICH
I
-------
CONNECTICUT OZONE
95
Greenwich Stratford East Hartford Middletown Stafford
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
OZONE (44201)
CONNECTICUT
OZONE SEASON: APR 01 TO
UNITS: 007 PPM
OCT 31
p
SITE ID C T CITY
COUNTY ADDRESS
* VALID DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM * MISS DAYS
ORG *HEAS REQ 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH MEAS EST * STANDARD HETH
09-001-0113
09-001-1123
09-003-1003
09-001-0017
09-011-0008
09-009-3002
09-007-0007
09-009-1123
1 BRIDGEPORT
2 DANBURY
1 EAST HARTFORD
2 GREENWICH
2 GROTON
2 MADISON
1 MIDDLETOWN
1 NEW HAVEN
09-013-1001 1 1 STAFFORD
09-001-3007 1 1 STRATFORD
09-005-0006 1 2 TORRINGTON
FAIRFIELD C
FAIRFIELD C
HARTFORD CO
FAIRFIELD C
NEW LONDON
NEW HAVEN C
MIDDLESEX C
NEW HAVEN C
TOLLAND CO
FAIRFIELD C
LITCHFIELD
SHED CONGRESS ST
TRAILER, W. CONN
MCAULIFFEE PARK
GREENWICH POINT
UNIVERSITY OF CO
HAMMONASSET STAT
CONN. VALLEY HOS
715 STATE STREET
ROUTE 190
USCG LIGHTHOUSE
UNIVERSITY ROAD
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
208
204
203
212
206
205
206
211
213
213
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
.146
.157
.138
.145
.144
.175
.165
.128
.131
.164
.129
.121
.134
.128
.141
.140
.165
.154
.123
.127
.140
.119
.120
.110
.123
.136
.131
.157
.127
.119
.120
.135
.117
.109
.108
.114
.129
.126
.148
.126
.110
.119
.134
.111
1
2
2
5
4
8
4
1
2
7
1
1.0
2.1
2.1
5.0
4.1
8.3
4.1
1.0
2.0
7.0
1.0
014
014
014
014
014
014
014
014
014
014
014
19
-------
140 MAIN STREET
TORRINOTON
17.4
LITCHFIELD
HARTFORD
, CfTY HALL 740
EASTHARTFr
111
PUNCH BROOK ROAD AT FI3B PONDS
BURLINGTON
"•' J
CfTf HALL 111 N. MAIN STREETl .A.
BRISTOL T~
18.1 \
401 FLATBU8H AVENUE
HARTFORD
18.7 ""•"
*x NORTHEAST UnUTIES CURTIS8
NEW BRITAIN
17.8
SHED MEADOW AND 6ANK STREET;
WATERBURY *»
V
s
61» EAST MAIN 8T
WATERBURY
22.1
WINDHAM
HELCO400SHEL
HARTFORD
108 VALLEY ST
1gs UILLIHANTIC
NEW HAVEN
if CITYHALLt
MIDDLETOWN
117
STODDAflb BUIUMNQ 186 MILLER STREET
MFHtM-N 1
*i MIDDLESEX
PACHAUO STATE FOREST VOUJNTOWN CT
VOLUNTOWN ^\i
12.6 >fr
22 COURT HOUSE SQUARE
NORWICH
NEW LONDON
I TRAILER W. CONNECTICUT STATE
I DANBURY
46 SOUTH MAIN ST
WALLINQFOnD
17.2
PERKINS ST TURN-AROUND..
NEW LONDON
17.1
; 22.0
I
i
FAIRFIELD
xx
' GREENWICH PONT PARK
\ GREENWICH
\17.7
715 STATE STREET
NEW HAVEN
MYRTVEAVE
BRIDGEPORT
HAMILTON AVE
NEW HAVEN
22.S
J
FIRE HEADQUARTERS ORAN6 AVENUE
NEW HAVEN
,21.3 ( ,
CORNER OF STILES STREET t ALABAMA STREET
NEW HAVEN
26.8
OROTON HIGHWAY OARAGE OFF BRANDEOEE AVE
GROT ON
18.7
"EGAN CENTER MATHEW 8T
MILFORD
17 J
ROOSEVELT SCHOOL PARK AVE.
BRIDGEPORT
21.7
10
•n—
Mites
IE
20
M» AT WE STAVE
NORWALK
32.3
1-85 AT BROOKSIDE DRIVE
DARIEN
22.3
CONNECTICUT PM,
85S MAIN STREET
STAMFORD
tar
Annual average PM10 concentration in ug/in3 for sites in Connecticut. The annual average PM10 standard is 50
ug/in3.
-------
CONNECTICUT PM10
YEAR
Bridgeport New Haven Waterbuty
91
Bridgeport New Haven Watertxvy
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
PM-10 TOTAL 0-10UM (81102) CONNECTICUT
0 M REP NUM
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY ADDRESS ORG DBS
09-001-0010 1 BRIDGEPORT FAIRFIELD ROOSEVELT SCHOOL PARK
09-001-0015 1 BRIDGEPORT FAIRFIELD MYRTLE AVE
09-003-1001 2 BRISTOL HARTFORD C CITY HALL 111 N. MAIN
09-003-2001 2 BURLINGTON HARTFORD C PUNCH BROOK ROAD
09-001-1123 2 DANBURY FAIRFIELD TRAILER, W. CONNECTIC
09-001-1401 1 DARIEN FAIRFIELD 1-95 AT BROOKSIDE DRI
09-003-1004 2 EAST HARTF HARTFORD C CITY HALL, 740 MAIN
09-003-1005 2 ENFIELD HARTFORD C SHAKER ROAD
09-001-0017 1 2 GREENWICH FAIRFIELD GREENWICH POINT PARK
09-011-0006 1 2 GROTON NEW LONDON GROTON HIGHWAY GARAGE
09-003-0013 1 1 HARTFORD HARTFORD C 401 FLATBUSH AVENUE
09-003-0015 1 1 HARTFORD HARTFORD C HELCO, 400 SHELDON ST
09-003-0015 3 3 HARTFORD HARTFORD C HELCO, 400 SHELDON ST
09-009-4002 2 MERIOEN NEW HAVEN STODOARD BUILDING
09-007-1003 2 HIDDLETOWN MIDDLESEX CITY HALL, DEKOVEN DR
09-009-0010 2 MILFORD NEW HAVEN EGAN CENTER
09-003-0018 1 NEW BRITAI HARTFORD C NORTHEAST UTILITIES
09-009-0011 1 NEW HAVEN NEW HAVEN HAMILTON AVE
09-009-0013 1 NEW HAVEN NEW HAVEN FIRE HEADQUARTERS
09-009-0018 1 NEW HAVEN NEW HAVEN STILES STREET.
09-009-0021 3 NEW HAVEN NEW HAVEN CORNER OF STILES ST
09-009-1123 2 NEW HAVEN NEW HAVEN 715 STATE STREET
09-009-1123 2 2 NEW HAVEN NEW HAVEN 715 STATE STREET
09-011-0009 1 1 NEW LONDON NEW LONDON PERKINS ST TURN
09-001-2014 1 1 NORWALK FAIRFIELD 1-95 AT WEST AVE
09-011-3002 1 2 NORWICH NEW LONDON 22 COURT HOUSE SQUARE
09-001-8001 1 2 STAMFORD FAIRFIELD 653 MAIN STREET
09-005-6001 1 2 TORRINGTON LITCHFIELD 140 MAIN STREET
09-011-9001 1 2 VOLUNTOWN NEW LONDON PACHAUG STATE FOREST
09-009-4006 1 2 WALLINGFOR NEW HAVEN 45 SOUTH MAIN ST
09-009-2123 1 1 WATERBURY NEW HAVEN SHED MEADOW AND BANK
09-009-2123 2 3 WATERBURY NEW HAVEN SHED MEADOW AND BANK
09-009-3007 1 2 WATERBURY NEW HAVEN 519 EAST MAIN ST
09-015-1002 1 2 WILLIMANTI WINDHAM CO 108 VALLEY ST
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
50
55
56
51
56
51
59
59
52
56
53
50
51
54
50
55
14
53
48
53
001 343
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
21
50
55
55
52
53
53
56
56
55
44
54
54
55
SCHEDULED
NUM % NUM -
OBS OBS REQ
50
55
56
51
56
51
59
59
52
56
53
50
51
54
50
55
14
53
48
53
343
50
55
55
52
53
53
56
56
55
44
54
54
55
79
87
89
81
89
81
94
94
83
89
84
79
81
86
79
87
93
84
76
84
94
79
87
87
83
84
84
89
89
87
70
86
86
87
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
15
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
UNITS: 001 UG/
---MAXIMUM VALUES-
1ST 2ND 3RD
71
81
55
30
69
56
64
53
53
68
56
56
45
60
64
62
36
67
70
86
77
56
71
59
84
66
68
52
59
60
72
62
63
40
57
64
39
27
52
44
43
35
34
47
43
45
43
41
40
45
33
52
53
74
76
46
56
42
76
41
38
36
37
42
58
58
53
38
43
61
38
25
41
37
40
35
34
33
36
43
43
40
36
34
28
48
44
69
72
39
55
32
65
35
36
34
30
36
56
46
49
34
CU MET
4TH M
38
60
34
22
39
37
35
30
31
32
35
41
38
37
35
32
26
38
35
69
71
37
51
31
65
32
35
33
27
32
43
45
43
31
ER (25 C)
WTD
ULS > 150 ARITH
EAS EST MEAN METH
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
22? 062
29 062
16 062
12? 062
22? 079
22? 062
18 062
14 062
18 062
17 062
17 062
20 062
21? 062
19? 062
19? 062
17 062
18? 062
22? 062
21? 062
32? 062
26 079
21? 062
23 062
17 062
32? 062
18? 062
21? 062
17 062
13 062
17 062
24? 062
24 062
22 062
16 062
-------
(->
M
T
.;<
HARTFORD
LITCHFIELD
TRAILER W.CONN
OANBOHY
*»»
FAIRFIELD
SHED MEADOW
WATERBURY
1U
NEW HAVEN
STATE UNIVERSITY
NORTH FRONTAGE ROAD
MANSFIELD
CORNER OF SHELDON ST. AND COLUMBUS BLVD
HARTFORD
- *
86 HIGH STREET EAST HARTFORD
EAST HARTFORD
13.4
NEW LONDON
FIRE HEADQUARTERS »
QROTON
12.5 )
SHED CONGRESS STREET
BRIDGEPORT
16.2
.!
116 BOSTON TERRACE
BRIDGEPORT
17.4
- HILLANDALE AVENUE
STAMFORD
295
' GREENWICH POINT PARK
GREENWICH
11.0
CONNECTICUT SULFUR DIOXIDE
Annual average sulfur dioxide (S02) concentration in ug/m3 for sites in Connecticut. The annual average
standard is 80 ug/m3.
S0
-------
CONNECTICUT SULFUR DIOXIDE
35
Bridgeport Stamford Danbury New Haven Waterbury Groton
I + * . go
Bridgeport Stamford Danbury New Haven Waterbury Groton
• 4- * * BO
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
SULFUR DIOXIDE (42401)
P
CONNECTICUT
UNITS: 001
OBS
UG/CU METER (25 C)
OBS
0
SITE ID C
09-001-0012 1
09-001-0113 1
09-001-1123 1
09-003-2006 1
09-009-1003 1
09-003-1005 1
09-001-0017 1
09-011-0007 1
09-003-1018 1
09-013-0003 1
09-009-1123 2
09-001-2124 1
09-009-2123 1
M
T CITY
2 BRIDGEPORT
1 BRIDGEPORT
2 DANBURY
1 EAST HARTFORD
2 EAST HAVEN
2 ENFIELD
2 GREENWICH
2 GROTON
1 HARTFORD
2 MANSFIELD
1 NEW HAVEN
2 STAMFORD
2 WATERBURY
COUNTY ADDRESS
FAIRFIELD CO 115 BOSTON TERRAC
FAIRFIELD CO SHED CONGRESS ST
FAIRFIELD CO TRAILER, W. CONNE
HARTFORD CO 85 HIGH STREET
NEW HAVEN CO ANIMAL SHELTER
HARTFORD CO SHAKER ROAD
FAIRFIELD CO GREENWICH POINT
NEW LONDON C FIRE HEADQUARTERS
HARTFORD CO CORNER OF SHELDON
TOLLAND CO NORTH FRONTAGE RO
NEW HAVEN CO 715 STATE STREET
FAIRFIELD CO HILLANDALE AVENUE
NEW HAVEN CO SHED MEADOW
REP
ORG #OBS
001 8254
001 8200
001 8081
001 8165
001 8342
001 8281
001 8195
001 8346
001 8291
001 8164
001 8222
001 8192
001 8308
MAX 24- HR >
1ST 2ND 365
115
98
66
88
97
55
72
64
82
39
137
93
80
73
90
51
61
60
44
61
46
54
36
100
84
51
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
MAX 3-HR >
1ST 2ND 1300
131
192
115
115
155
70
97
151
108
53
198
133
139
128
163
87
111
121
64
96
118
107
50
158
128
95
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
MAX 1-HR
1ST 2ND
204
202
157
123
165
89
105
204
110
60
233
149
168
204
191
121
115
152
86
102
202
110
58
202
136
141
ARIT
MEAN METH
17 020
16 020
11 020
13 020
10 020
10 020
11 020
13 020
14 020
8 020
21 020
30 020
12 020
23
-------
This page intentionally left blank.
24
-------
1995 MAINE AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SUMMARY
At the present time, ME is not operating any carbon monoxide (CO) monitors in the state.
ME has discontinued lead (Pb) monitoring in the state due to the extremely low lead concentrations
monitored over the past few years.
In 1995, two sites monitored for nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Both Cape Elizabeth and Kittery are
photochemical assessment monitoring stations (PAMS) and operate seasonal. Neither site
experienced any exceedances or violations of the NAAQS during 1995. The seasonal annual
arithmetic mean at Cape Elizabeth was 10% of the NAAQS, and Kittery was 16% of the NAAQS.
Levels have remained very low.
Half of the 14 ozone (O3) sites operating in ME had exceedances or violations of the O3 NAAQS in
1995. The Frisbee School, Navy Road and Ocean Avenue sites had the most. The Navy Road site
in Sagadahoc County had the highest 1-hour second maximum value of 0.139 ppm or 111% of the
standard. O3 levels in ME have been fairly consistent over the past few years.
The Taylor Mountain site and the labonville site were the only Particulate Matter less than 10 microns
(PM10) sites which had exceedances of the 24-hour PM10 NAAQS. The Taylor Mountain Site had
a value of 164 ug/m3 or 109% of the NAAQS and the Lebonville site had a value of 162 ug/ni or
108% of the NAAQS. There were no exceedances or violations of the annual standard in 1995. The
highest 24-hour second maximum value was reported at the Post Office site in Lincoln at 92 ug/m3
or 61% of the standard. Tukey's Bridge in Portland reported the maximum annual arithmetic mean
at 34 ug/m3 or 68% of the standard. It appears that PM10 levels in Presque Isle are declining.
There were no exceedances or violations reported at any of the 13 sulfur dioxide (SO2) sites in 1995.
The highest annual arithmetic mean was reported at the Post Office site in Madawaska at 25 ug/m3
or 31% of the NAAQS. The Shelter site in Madawaska reported the highest 24-hour second
maximum at 130 ug/m3 or 36% of the standard as well as the highest 3-hour second maximum of 301
ug/m3 or 23% of the standard. The Riverside street site in Presque Isle reported the lowest annual
arithmetic mean at 5 ug/m3 or 6% of the NAAQS as well as the lowest 24-hour second maximum of
19 ug/m3 or 5% of the NAAQS, and the lowest 3-hour second maximum at 34 ug/m3 or 3% of the
NAAQS. The five-year trend graphs show that sites are well below the NAAQS and relatively stable.
25
-------
/ ]
/ V.
10 20 30 40 SO 60
ssess
MM
aCHOOU 0000806 ROAD
MAINE NITROGEN DIOXIDE
Annual average nitrogen dioxide (N02) concentration in ppm for sites in Maine. Hie annual average NO
standard is 0.05 ppm.
26
-------
No Sites with five years of data, therefore no five year chart.
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
NITROGEM DIOXIDE (42602) MAINE UNITS: 007 PPM
P
SITE ID
23-005-2003
23-031 -3002
? INDICATES
0 M
C T
2 3
1 3
THAT
CITY
CAPE
ELIZABETH
KITTERY
THE
MEAN DOES
COUNTY
CUMBERLAND
YORK CO
NOT SATISFY
ADDRESS
CO TWO LIGHTS STATE PARK
FRISBEE SCHOOL
SUMMARY CRITERIA
REP
ORG
001
908
#OBS
5531
3592
MAX
1ST
.040
.048
1-HR MAX
2ND 1ST
.040
.044
24-HR ARIT
2ND MEAN
.005?
.008?
METH
075
014
27
-------
•V 0
23 CADILLAC SUMKT RO
J.. BAflHAflBOB
ACACXA NP. MACFARLANO HILL
BARHAflflOfl
I
', OXFORD
\ > KENNEBEC
i \
ROUTE 5. NORTH LOVBJJ DOT
-*- LOVELL
^ n
NAVY ROAD
PHppsauna
PpRTCU'DE. MARSHALL POMT UQKTHOOSE
TWO UQHTS STATE PARK
CAFE ELIZABETH
SHELTER STTE-OXFORO 4 ELM ST
PORTLANO
SCHOOL OOOOSOE ROAD
MAINE OZONE
Number of ozone exceedance davs for sites in Maine.
28
-------
MAINE OZONE
NAAQS1 day>=.125ppm
91
Cape Elizabeth Gardiner Kennebunkport
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
OZONE (44201)
MAINE
OZONE SEASON: APR 01
TO
UNITS: 007 PPM
OCT 31
p
0 M
SITE ID C T CITY
23-013-0004 2 2
23-017-3001 1 3
23-019-4008 1 2
23-023-0003 1 3
23-031-2002 1 2
23-009-0101 1 2 BAR HARBOR
23-009-0102 1 3 BAR HARBOR
23-005-2003 1 2 CAPE ELIZABET
23-011-2005 1 2 GARDINER
23-021-0002 1 3 GREENVILLE
23-029-0019 1 3 JONESPORT
23-031-3002 1 3 KITTERY
23-005-0014 1 3 PORTLAND
23-025-2003 1 4 SKOUHEGAN
COUNTY ADDRESS
KNOX CO PORT CLYDE, MARS
OXFORD CO ROUTE 5
PENOBSCOT C SUMMIT OF RIDER
SAGADAHOC C NAVY ROAD
YORK CO OCEAN AVE/PARSON
HANCOCK CO AC AD I A NP MACFAR
HANCOCK CO 23 CADILLAC SUMM
CUMBERLAND TWO LIGHTS STATE
KENNEBEC CO PRAY STREET SCH
PISCATAOUIS GREENVILLE MUNIC
WASHINGTON JONESPORT
YORK CO FRISBEE SCHOOL
CUMBERLAND SHELTER SITE-OXF
SOMERSET CO S.D. WARREN
REP
ORG
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
908
001
102
*
*NUM
*MEAS
176
181
196
171
182
212
98
214
212
212
185
146
179
206
NUM
REQ
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
VALID
1ST
.140
.105
.108
.172
.159
.128
.134
.161
.102
.091
.119
.127
.110
.089
DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM
MAVTMA — — — — •-
2ND 3RD
.123
.093
.100
.139
.129
.119
.121
.116
.091
.087
.107
.127
.104
.088
.108
.071
.095
.110
.118
.105
.115
.116
.088
.079
.096
.126
.096
.088
4TH
.104
.071
.095
.107
.117
.104
.088
.107
.084
.075
.096
.103
.092
.078
*
VALS>.125 *
MEAS EST *
1
0
0
2
2
1
1
1
0
0
0
3
0
0
1.2
0.0
0.0
2.5
2.3
1.0
2.2
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.3
0.0
0.0
MISS DAYS
ASSUMED <
STANDARD METH
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
4
2
1
047
047
047
047
047
019
047
047
047
000
047
014
047
053
29
-------
BIG DAOOrS RESTAURANT BOO
^•-« MAOAWASKA
1"
AROOSTOOK
R REG OFF 58 CFNTRAL OR (SKYWAY MDPK)
PRESQUEISLE
12
mVERSOE STREET PRESOUE ISLE
PRESOUEISLE
19
NORTHEASTLAin HOTEL-MAIN ST.
PRESQUEISLE
WASHINGTON -$&
?^
. 10.6
FARM SCHOOL MNKXEYJMAINE
i uaONVU£3- ROUTE A
ir /
\ / TAYLOBMOUWAIM-1
VIOAQ6 CBEEN - BOUTE w
t'
[OXFORD
JEWELL PflbPERTY - CBASH ROAD
JAY
IS
BIRCH STREET
LEWISTON .
UPPER RtOOE
anooroN i
9.0
SHELTER SITE-OXFORD & ELM ST
57 HRCH STREET - EAOL
BWO6FORO' \, T*
\ YORK ^V
/
~1»V
FROAO
SOUTH PORTLAM)
112
MAINE PM,,
Annual a\-erage PM10 concentration in ug/m3 for sites in Maine. The annual average PM10 standard is 50 ug/m3.
30
-------
120
MAINE PM10
35
20 -
91 92 93 94 95
YEAR
Madawaska Presque Isle Bridgton Portland Jay
• ^ ^ 7i\ LZl
91
Madawaska Presque Isle Bridgton Portland Jay
• + * X B
95
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
PM-10 TOTAL 0-10UM (81102) MAINE
P
0 M REP
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY ADDRESS ORG
23-011-0014 1 2 AUGUSTA KENNEBEC C RINES HILL
23-019-0002 2 2 BANGOR PENOBSCOT PUMP STATION
23-031-0005 1 2 B I DDE FORD YORK CO 57 BIRCH STREET
23-005-0002 2 3 BRIDGTON CUMBERLAND UPPER RIDGE ROAD
23-009-0201 1 3 ELLSWORTH HANCOCK CO 21 UATER ST
23-009-0202 1 3 ELLSWORTH HANCOCK CO 190 HIGH ST
23-007-0003 1 4 JAY FRANKLIN C JEWELL PROPERTY
23-007-0004 3 2 JAY FRANKLIN C BOMASTER PROPERTY
23-001-0011 1 2 LEWISTON ANDROSCOGG COUNTRY KITCHEN LOT
23-001-3002 1 3 LEWISTON ANDROSCOGG BIRCH STREET
23-019-1007 2 2 LINCOLN PENOBSCOT THOMAS MOT. TRA. PRK.
23-019-1012 1 4 LINCOLN PENOBSCOT PENOBSCOT RIVER
23-019-2003 1 4 LINCOLN PENOBSCOT POST OFFICE-50 FLEMIN
23-003-0013 2 2 MADAWASKA AROOSTOOK BIG DADDY'S RESTAURAN
23-017-0008 1 2 MEXICO OXFORD CO LABONVILLE'S-ROUTE#2
23-019-2009 1 2 MILLINOCKE PENOBSCOT YORK STREET-MILL
23-005-0014 2 1 PORTLAND CUMBERLAND SHELTER SITE-OXFORD
23-005-0015 1 1 PORTLAND CUMBERLAND TUKEY'S BRIDGE-BEAN
23-003-1005 3 2 PRESQUE IS AROOSTOOK NORTHEASTLAND HOTEL
23-003-1008 1 3 PRESQUE IS AROOSTOOK PI REG OFF 58 CENTRAL
23-003-1011 1 3 PRESQUE IS AROOSTOOK RIVERSIDE STREET
23-003-1011 2 2 PRESQUE IS AROOSTOOK RIVERSIDE STREET
23-017-2005 1 4 RUMFORD OXFORD CO TAYLOR MOUNTAIN- 1
23-017-2007 1 2 RUMFORD OXFORD CO VILLAGE GREEN-ROUTE#1
23-025-2001 1 4 SKOWHEGAN SOMERSET C HINKLEY FARM SCHOOL,
23-025-2002 1 4 SKOWHEGAN SOMERSET C EATON RIDGE-SCOTT PAP
23-005-0022 1 2 SOUTH PORT CUMBERLAND 130 WESCOTT ROAD
23-013-2001 1 2 THOMASTON KNOX CO MITCHELL PROP. -2 DEXT
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
EXCEPTIONAL EVENT DATA EXISTS IN AT LEAST ONE OF THE ABOVE
001
001
001
001
001
001
103
103
001
001
109
109
109
001
104
110
001
001
001
001
001
001
104
104
102
102
001
106
SITES
SCHEDULED
NUM NUM X NUM -
OBS OBS OBS REQ
64 61
62 61
59 59
53 53
44 44
41 41
113 113
117 117
59 59
31 31
62 59
61 60
176 176
58 58
181 181
62 59
61 61
57 57
235 235
116 116
95 85
105 105
59 59
181 180
61 61
57 57
60 60
118 118
97
97
94
84
86
80
92
95
97
67
94
95
96
92
99
94
97
90
86
94
91
97
65
98
97
90
95
96
63
63
63
63
51
51
123
123
61
46
63
63
183
63
183
63
63
63
273
63
123
95
91
63
63
63
63
123
BUT IS NOT INCLUDED
UNITS:
---MAXIMUM
1ST 2ND
102
52
50
30
108
92
58
52
58
43
35
34
139
81
162
41
69
88
78
41
71
38
164
113
36
40
44
67
83
51
33
22
61
65
40
49
46
36
33
24
92
56
54
38
49
86
65
38
60
30
40
46
33
34
29
55
001 UG
VALUES
3RD
63
49
31
21
54
59
35
34
42
34
32
24
75
51
52
37
35
73
58
33
50
30
37
39
30
22
29
53
/CU ME
4TH
47
37
31
18
53
45
33
31
41
31
28
23
73
45
42
36
35
72
56
31
43
29
35
38
26
22
28
45
•TER (25 C)
VALS > 150
MEAS EST
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
WTO
ARITH
MEAN METK
20? 063
20 062
18 064
9? 064
25? 063
17? 063
15 000
13 062
20? 064
20? 064
13 062
9 062
22 063
25 064
17 062
16 062
21 064
34 064
19? 079
12 063
18? 064
15? 079
13? 062
13 062
11 063
11 063
16 064
15 063
IN THE SUMMARY CALCULATIONS
31
-------
US. POST OFFICE 430 EAST UMH STPEET
UAOAWA3KA
PORTABLE
MADAWA8KA
HK3H SCHOOL-ST. THOMAS ST.
MADAWASKA
114
TAYUDP MOUMTAJN-1
KENNEBEC
/ ^ VWX3EC»EEN-«XJTE ilOS
RUMFORD
i TAYLOR MOUMTAM4 1X0 \
RUMFORO
COUNTRY NTCHEN LOT-CANAL
CUMBERLAND
SHB.TER SITE-OXFORD t ELM ST
PORTLAND
50 60
MAINE SULFUR DIOXIDE
Annual average sulfur dioxide (S0:) concentration in ug/m3 for sites in Maine. The annual average SO,
standard is 80 ug/m3.
32
-------
MAINE SULFUR DIOXIDE
NAAQS 365 ug/m3
Lewiston Madawaska Mexico Rumford Millinocket
• + * X< B
91 92 93 94 95
YEAR
Lewiston Madawaska Mexico Rumford Millinocket
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
SULFUR DIOXIDE (42401) MAINE
0 M REP
SITE ID C T CITY
23-001-0011 1 1 LEUISTON
23-001-3002 1 3 LEUISTON
23-001-2002 2 4 LIVERMORE FALL
23-003-0009 1 2 MADAUASKA
23-003-0012 1 4 MADAUASKA
23-003-1003 1 4 MADAUASKA
23-017-0011 1 4 MEXICO
23-019-2009 1 2 MILLIMOCKET
23-005-0014 1 1 PORTLAND
23-003-1011 1 3 PRESQUE ISLE
23-017-2005 1 4 RUMFORD
23-017-2006 1 4 RUMFORD
23-017-2007 2 2 RUMFORD
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES
COUNTY ADDRESS
ANDROSCOGGIN COUNTRY KITCHEN
ANDROSCOGGIN BIRCH STREET
ANDROSCOGGIN 10-12 MILLETT ST
AROOSTOOK CO PORTABLE SHELTER
AROOSTOOK CO U.S.POST OFFICE
AROOSTOOK CO HIGH SCHOOL -ST
OXFORD CO HUNT'S PROPERTY
PENOBSCOT CO YORK STREET-MILL!
CUMBERLAND C SHELTER SITE-OXFO
AROOSTOOK CO RIVERSIDE STREET
OXFORD CO TAYLOR MOUNTAIN- 1
OXFORD CO TAYLOR MOUNTAIN-2
OXFORD CO VILLAGE GREEN
NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
ORG #08S
001 8293
001 4309
103 1862
113 8314
113 8317
113 8320
104 8123
110 8684
001 8243
001 8639
104 2676
104 2716
104 8232
UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25 C)
OBS OBS
MAX 24-HR > MAX 3-HR > MAX 1-HR ARIT
1ST
59
72
75
132
126
205
39
56
64
19
71
44
59
2ND 365
53
64
68
130
111
68
38
54
57
19
50
42
58
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1ST
130
166
151
562
243
286
77
126
128
41
116
73
79
2ND 1300
126
150
129
301
242
253
70
126
110
34
98
67
79
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1ST
176
186
183
846
348
341
102
152
136
63
139
105
97
2ND MEAN HETH
168
181
176
765
346
309
86
149
134
45
115
84
94
11 060
13? 060
27? 060
23 060
25 060
12 060
16 009
9 060
15 060
5 060
16? 009
15? 009
13 009
33
-------
1995 MASSACHUSETTS AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SUMMARY
Massachusetts maintains nine carbon monoxide (CO) monitoring sites in the Commonwealth.
Four sites are located in Boston (Kenmore Square, Visconti Street-East Boston, Breman Street-East
Boston, and the Federal Post Office Building), two sites are each located in Springfield (East
Columbus Avenue and Liberty Street) and in Worcester (Central Street and Franklin Street), and a
single site is located in Lowell (Old City Hall). No exceedance or violation of the one-hour or 8-hour
NAAQS for CO was recorded at any of the Massachusetts CO monitoring site except for one
exceedence of the 8 hour NAAQS (9.6ppm) at the Lowell Old City Hall site. In general, the
maximum one-hour and 8-hour concentrations of CO decreased in 1995 when compared to 1994.
The Old City Hall, Lowell site showed an increase in concentration from 1994 CO concentrations
for the one-hour and eight hour NAAQS, as did the Kenmore Square, Boston site and the East
Columbus Ave, Springfield site (for the 8-hour NAAQS). Yearly variability in CO concentrations
is evident from the recent five year data record (1991-1995), due in part to changes in meteorology
and emission source characteristics. The data, except for those from Springfield, show a general
decrease in the concentration of CO over this period.
Massachusetts maintains four lead monitoring sites, two each in Boston and Springfield. In
addition, three special study sites in Haverhill, Lynn, and Newbury were run in the first quarter of
1995. During 1995 maximum lead concentrations at all sites were at or below 0.01 //g/m3, well below
the national standard. These concentrations were less than 1% of the NAAQS for lead.
Concentrations of lead in the ambient air continue to decrease.
Nitrogen dioxide measurements were made at 14 monitoring sites through out the
Commonwealth. The highest annual average concentrations were recorded in the Metropolitan
Boston area, Worcester, and Springfield. The lowest concentrations were recorded at the rural sites,
Quabbin Summit and Newbury-Plum Island. The Kenmore Square and Breman Street monitors
recorded the highest average annual NO2 concentrations, 0.031 ppm and 0.027 ppm respectively.
Both rural sites recorded average annual concentrations of N02 of 0.007 ppm. NO2 concentrations
throughout the Commonwealth were generally lower than those recorded in 1994,. Yearly variability
for the Massachusetts average annual N02 data is small and no upward or downward trend is evident
for the sites, over the past five years.
Seventeen ozone monitoring sites were operated and maintained during the 1995 summer
ozone season. Nine monitoring sites recorded ozone concentrations above the NAAQS for ozone.
Ozone concentrations recorded during 1995 were generally higher than those recorded in 1994. This
may be due to the lack of frequent summer thunderstorms which were common in 1994, and to a
generally warmer summer season in 1995. The highest ozone concentrations were recorded at the
Fairhaven (0.144ppm), North Easton (0.143ppm), and Truro (0.143ppm) monitoring sites. The other
sites, which recorded maximum ozone concentrations above the NAAQS, were in the Connecticut
River Valley at Agawam (0.136 ppm) and Chicopee (0.140ppm); in the central part of the state at
34
-------
Quabbin Summit (0.138ppm); and in the eastern part of the state at Lynn (0.125ppm), Newbury
(0.125ppm) and Sudbury (0.125ppm). Over the most recent five years the maximum concentration
of ozone and the frequency of concentration in excess of the O3 NAAQS has fluctuated. This has
been due to changes in the emissions of ozone precursors and changes in meteorology.
There are seventeen (17) PM10 monitoring sites in Massachusetts. With the exception of the
Quabbin Summit and Sudbury sites, all of the sites are located within urban areas of the
Commonwealth. The highest annual average concentrations of PM10 were recorded in Springfield
(27 //g/m3), Boston-Charleston (26 /^g/m3), and Boston-Kenmore Sq. (26 //g/m3). The highest
maximum and second highest maximum 24-hour PM10 concentrations were recorded at Springfield
(62 Afg/m3 and 49 //g/m3), and Boston (Breman St.-68//g/m3 and 52 yug/m3 and Charleston-72 /zg/m3
and 58 Mg/m3). In contrast the lowest average annual concentrations were recorded at Lawrence
(13//g/m3), Sudbury (13 /j-g/m3), and at the Quabbin Summit (11 Mg/m3)- Over the past five years
the concentrations of PM10 at the urban sites have recorded a lot of data variability. The Boston-
Charleston and Worcester sites have shown a general downward trend in PM10 concentrations. The
other sites, excluding the non-urban sites have shown significant year to-year variability with no
apparent upward or downward trend visible. The Quabbin Summit site has shown a general reduction
in the average annual concentration of PM10.
Twenty-one SO2 monitoring sites were operated in Massachusetts during 1995. No
exceedance or violation of the annual or 24-hour (primary), nor the 3-hour (secondary) NAAQS for
SO2 was recorded. The highest short-term (3-hour) SO2 concentrations were recorded at the
Chelsea monitoring site (708 jug/m3 and 558 Mg/m3 for the 1st and 2nd maximum 3-hour
concentrations). The Chelsea site also recorded the maximum 24 hour concentration of 229 //g/m3,
while the second maximum 24 hour concentration of 104 //g/m3 was recorded at the Stoneham site.
The lowest annual average SO2 concentration were recorded at the Quabbin Summit site in Ware (9
//g/m3) and at the Waltham (9 f^e/m3) site. The highest annual SO2 concentration were recorded in
Chelsea (20//g/m3), South Boston and Dorchester (19//g/m3). All SO2 monitoring sites in
Massachusetts showed a slight to moderate decline in SO2 levels over 1994 and a general decline in
SO2 levels over the past five years.
35
-------
OLDaTYHAUMEHRIMACK STREET ,
LOWELL V •• '
I
BERKSHIRE
FRANKLIN
WORCESTER
HAMPSHIRE l-| J
HAMPDEN
, . . EAST COLUMBUS AVENU
/ f ^ST™"
! / i intarvirmFFT PARKING UOT
STREET FIRE STATION
WORCESTER
41
EAST COLUMBUS AVENUE I
MO OREMAN STREET EAST BOSTON
•OSTON
VI8CONTI STREET EAST BOSTON
BOSTON
1.4
FEDERAL PO«T Off BUM MILK 4 OONOHES8
BOSTON
S.T
KENMORE SQUARE 680 COMMONWEALTH AVENUE
BOSTON
M
I / UBEirTYBTBEETfABKINQlOT
8PRNOFIELO
7.4
0 6 10 15 20 25 30
ssss
Milet
5W4KUN STREET PAHMNfl
OBCE8TER
MASSACHUSETTS CARBON MONOXIDE
Second-highest eight-hour average carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in ppni for sites in Massachusetts. The
eight-hour CO standard is 9 ppni.
-------
MASSACHUSETTS CARBON MONOXIDE
9 -
- NAAQS9pm
91
95
Springfield Boston, Kenmore Sq. E. Boston,Breman St. Worcester
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
CARBON MONOXIDE (42101) MASSACHUSETTS
P COUNTY ADDRESS
0 M
SITE ID C
25-025-0002 1
25-025-0016 1
25-025-0021 1
25-025-0038 1
25-017-0007 1
25-013-0016 1
25-013-2007 1
25-027-0020 1
25-027-0022 1
T CITYORG #OBS
2 BOSTON
2 BOSTON
1 BOSTON
1 BOSTON
2 LOWELL
1 SPRINGFIELD
1 SPRINGFIELD
2 WORCESTER
2 WORCESTER
REP
UNITS: 007 PPM
MAX 1-HR OBS>
MAX 8-HR OBS>
1ST 2ND 35 1ST 2ND 9 METH
SUFFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
MIDDLESEX CO
HAMPDEN CO
HAMPDEN CO
WORCESTER CO
WORCESTER CO
KENMORE SQUARE, 590 COMM
VISCONTI STREET
340 BREMAN STREET
FEDERAL POST OFF BLDG
OLD CITY HALL, HERRI MACK
LIBERTY STREET PARKING
EAST COLUMBUS AVENUE
CENTRAL STREET FIRE STAT
FRANKLIN STREET PARKING
001 7346
001 8348
001 8468
001 8181
001 8593
001 8565
001 8406
001 8359
001 8629
5.0
4.7
6.2
6.6
18.2
9.7
11.6
6.1
4.7
4.9
4.7
6.0
6.1
12.9
9.6
11.1
6.1
4.7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3.8
3.4
3.5
5.3
9.6
8.1
9.2
4.9
3.2
3.6
3.4
3.5
3.7
7.8
7.4
8.4
4.2
3.2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
067
067
067
067
067
067
067
067
067
37
-------
WASHINGTON ST. (OONSENTHO SCHOOL)
HAVERHU.
0.008 V,-./
SUNSET BOULEVARD
NEWBURY
0.006
BERKSHIRE*
390 PAflKLAND AVE. (LYNN WATER TREATMENT)
LYNN
0.006
I
BARNSTABLE
$~ I
HAMPDEN /
/ 0.005
W EAST COLUMBUS A'
\ ~
\ 1
0 5 10 15 20 26 30
i i "
Mile*
MASSACHUSETTS LEAD
Highest-quarterly average lead concentration (ug/m3) for sites in Massachusetts. The quarterly average
lead standard is 1.50 ug/m3.
-------
MASSACHUSETTS LEAD
91
Charlestown Boston, Kenmore Sq. Springfield
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
LEAD (12128)
P
0 M
SITE ID C T
25-025-0002 1 1
25-025-0027 2 1
25-025-0027 3 3
25-009-5005 1 3
25-009-2006 1 3
25-009-4004 1 3
25-013-0011 2 1
25-013-0011 3 3
25-013-2007 1 1
? INDICATES THAT
CITY
BOSTON
BOSTON
BOSTON
HAVERHILL
LYNN
NEUBURY
SPRINGFIELD
SPRINGFIELD
SPRINGFIELD
THE MEAN DOES
COUNTY
SUFFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
ESSEX CO
ESSEX CO
ESSEX CO
HAMPDEN CO
HAMPDEN CO
HAMPDEN CO
NOT SATISFY
MASSACHUSETTS
ADDRESS
KENMORE SQUARE
ONE CITY SQUARE
ONE CITY SQUARE
WASHINGTON ST
390 PARKLAND AVE
SUNSET BOULEVARD
59 HOWARD STREET
59 HOWARD STREET
EAST COLUMBUS AVEN
SUMMARY CRITERIA
REP
ORG
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER
QUARTERLY ARITH MEANS MEANS
#OBS
30
28
26
7
5
3
29
29
30
1ST
.01
.01
.01
.01?
.01?
.01?
.01
.01
.01
2ND 3RD
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
4TH >1.5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(25 C)
MAX VALUES
1ST
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
2ND
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
METH
803
803
803
803
803
803
803
803
803
33
-------
BERKSHIRE,
•*• LIBERTY •mEETPAnKMO
" tPnNOFKLD
9JK14
WORCESTER
•UNSET BOULEVARD
NEWBUflV
0.00*7
MO PAIMAND AVI. (LYNN WMTEfl TREATMENT)
LYNN
urn
MOanEMANtTREET EAST BOSTON
BOSTON
On
KENMORE SQUARE MO COMMONWEALTH AVENUE
BOSTON
MM
MIA EAST RUST STREET
OJOJ17
SW CORNER OF BROOMME AVE • FRANCtS 8T
•ROOKUNR
•MM
CENTRAL 8TBEET F«E STATION
WOHCE8TEH
um
lm ' • / |«»|«m(Wl«TFEL08TBEET.reED(NOHILL8
'•- AOAWAM
EOI4I
0 5 10 IB 20 25 30
••E"
MUM
MO LONQWOOO AVE CHUDfltNS HOBPIT At
BROOKUNE
MtM
MASSACHUSETTS NITROGEN DIOXIDE
Annual average nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentration in ppin for silcs in Massachusetts. The annual average
NO2 standard is 0.05 ppin.
-------
MASSACHUSETTS NITROGEN DIOXIDE
0.04
I 0.035 -
S
2 0.03 -
u5
•j* 0.025 -
uj 0.02 -
g 0.015
< 0.01 -
i 0.005 -
NAAQS 0.05 ppm
91
92
93
YEAR
94
95
Ware Boston, Kenmore Sq. Boston, Breman St. Chelsea Worcester
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
NITROGEN DIOXIDE (42602)
P
MASSACHUSETTS
UNITS: 007 PPM
SITE ID
25-013-0003
25-025-0002
25-025-0021
25-025-0035
25-025-0036
25-025-0040
25-021-0009
25-025-1003
25-013-0008
25-009-2006
25-009-4004
25-013-0016
25-015-4002
25-027-0020
? INDICATES
0
C
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
M
T
2
3
1
4
4
4
4
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
CITY
AGAUAM
BOSTON
BOSTON
BOSTON
BOSTON
BOSTON
BROOKLINE
CHELSEA
CHICOPEE
LYNN
NEU8URY
SPRINGFIELD
WARE
WORCESTER
THAT THE MEAN DOES
COUNTY
HAMPDEN CO
SUFFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
NORFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
HAMPDEN CO
ESSEX CO
ESSEX CO
HAMPDEN CO
HAMPSHIRE CO
WORCESTER CO
ADDRESS
152 SOUTH UESTFIELD STREET
KENMORE SQUARE, 590 COMMON
340 BREMAN STREET
300 LONGWOOD AVE CHILDRENS
SU CORNER OF BROOKLINE AVE
531A EAST FIRST STREET
RTE 9 AND CHESTNUT HILL AV
POWDER HORN HILL
ANDERSON ROAD AIR FORCE BA
390 PARKLAND AVE
SUNSET BOULEVARD
LIBERTY STREET PARKING LOT
QUABBIN SUMMIT
CENTRAL STREET FIRE ST
REP
ORG
001
001
001
030
030
005
030
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
DOBS
2483
7262
8479
4185
4177
8309
4179
8531
8588
8522
8405
8579
8475
8470
MAX
1ST
.060
.078
.086
.071
.100
.077
.066
.088
.091
.082
.046
.101
.069
.079
1-HR MAX 24-HR
2ND 1ST 2ND
.059
.078
.086
.069
.087
.076
.062
.080
.087
.082
.043
.101
.066
.071
ARIT
MEAN
.014?
.031
.027
.023?
.022?
.022
.022?
.023
.015
.016
.007
.022
.007
.021
METH
074
082
082
031
031
074
031
082
082
082
082
000
082
082
NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
41
-------
HK3H STREET 8TOHROW PARK
LAWRENCE
0
I MT. aREYLOCX I
/ADAM,
/ BERKSHIRE I {
-\
\x-./
A
SUNSET BOULEVARD
NEWBURY
ESSEX
WO PARKLAND AVE. (LYNN/WATS* TREATMENT)
LYNN
AMHER8T
HAMPSHIRE
Ijy^
WORCESTER
WATER ROW RD GREAT
BUOBURY
WORCESTER AIRPORT
WORCESTER
0
cS?^1
!H HORN HILL
BEAVER STREET
WALTHAM
0
ANDERSON ROAD)
HAMPDEN J"0
IM SOUTH WE8TFIELD STREET. FEEWNO HILLS
AAAtW AU ^>v ,
CEBASE
AOAWAM
i
6 10 15 20 25 30
POLKS STATION FW8T PAWSH flO
FOX BOTTOM AHEA-CAFE COO NATL SEASHORE
TRURO
t
MASSACHUSETTS OZONE
Number of ozone exceedance days for sites in Massachusetts.
-------
MASSACHUSETTS OZONE
95
Fairtiaven Newburyport Agawam Chicopee
-B-
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
OZONE (44201)
P
0 M
SITE ID C T CITY
25-003-4002 1 2 ADAMS
25-013-0003 1 2 AGAUAM
25-015-0103 1 2 AMHERST
25-025-1003 1 1 CHELSEA
25-013-0008 1 1 CHICOPEE
25-005-1001 1 1 EASTON
25-005-1005 1 8 EASTON
25-005-1002 1 2 FAIRHAVEH
25-009-0005 1 1 LAURENCE
25-009-2006 1 2 LYNN
25-009-4004 1 1 NEUBURY
25-023-2001 1 2 SCITUATE
25-017-1801 1 1 SUDBURY
25-001-0002 1 2 TRURO
25-017-4003 1 2 UALTHAM
25-015-4002 1 1 WARE
25-027-0015 1 1 WORCESTER
COUNTY
BERKSHIRE C
HAMPDEN CO
HAMPSHIRE C
SUFFOLK CO
HAMPDEN CO
BRISTOL CO
BRISTOL CO
BRISTOL CO
ESSEX CO
ESSEX CO
ESSEX CO
PLYMOUTH CO
MIDDLESEX C
BARNSTABLE
MIDDLESEX C
HAMPSHIRE C
WORCESTER C
MASSACHUSETTS
OZONE SEASON: APR 01 TO 01
*
REP *NUM HUM
ADDRESS ORG *MEAS REQ
MT. GREYLOCK
152 SOUTH WESTFI
NORTH PLEASANT
POWDER HORN HILL
ANDERSON ROAD
NORTH EASTON
1 BORDERLAND ST
LEROY WOOD SCH
HIGH STREET
390 PARKLAND AVE
SUNSET BOULEVARD
SCITUATE POLICE
UATER ROW RD
FOX BOTTOM AREA
BEAVER STREET
QUABBIN SUMMIT
WORCESTER AIRPOR
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
170
198
213
199
214
213
70
211
175
212
204
191
212
213
211
212
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
:T 31
VALID
1ST
.087
.136
.115
.112
.140
.143
.089
.144
.086
.125
.125
.106
.125
.143
.114
.138
.124
UNITS: 007 PPM
DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM
2ND 3RD
.086
.128
.112
.106
.128
.125
.078
.138
.081
.119
.113
.104
.113
.134
.108
.129
.118
.084
.111
.100
.095
.117
.125
.077
.120
.080
.110
.099
.102
.109
.131
.104
.123
.116
4TH W
.082
.107
.098
.095
.113
.122
.075
.115
.080
.109
.090
.098
.106
.121
.099
.115
.108
I
'ALS>.
IEAS
0
2
0
0
2
3
0
2
0
1
1
0
1
3
0
2
0
* MISS DAYS
125 * ASSUMED <
EST * STANDARD METH
0.0
2.1
0.0
0.0
2.0
3.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
1.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
3.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
0
2
0
4
0
1
0
3
7
2
4
4
0
1
1
2
0
047
000
047
000
000
056
087
087
087
087
087
047
047
056
087
087
000
43
-------
BERKSHIRE,
( HIGH STREET STOflROWf
1 LAWRENCE **&
/f'i" 1&
' \ ESSEX
IU
MIDDLESEX
WATER BOW HO (MEAT MEADOW* MAT
/
HAMPSHIRE \
-------
MASSACHUSETTS PM10
30
91
SprtagfieW WTO Boston Charleston Worcester
• • * K B
91
Springfield Ware Boston Chartostown Worcester
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
PM-10 TOTAL 0-10UM (81102) MASSACHUSETTS
p SCHEDULED
0 H REP NUN NUM X NUM -
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY ADDRESS ORG DBS OBS OBS REQ
25-025-0002 1 1 BOSTON SUFFOLK CO KENMORE SQUARE
25-025-0013 1 1 BOSTON SUFFOLK CO 115 SOUTHAMPTON ST
25-025-0012 2 3 BOSTON SUFFOLK CO 115 SOUTHAMPTON ST
25-025-0021 1 2 BOSTON SUFFOLK CO 340 BREMAN STREET
25-025-0024 1 1 BOSTON SUFFOLK CO 200 COLUMBUS AVENUE
25-025-0027 1 1 BOSTON SUFFOLK CO ONE CITY SQUARE
25-025-0027 3 3 BOSTON SUFFOLK CO ONE CITY SQUARE
25-005-3001 1 2 FALL RIVER BRISTOL CO CENTRAL FIRE STATION
25-009-0005 1 2 LAURENCE ESSEX CO HIGH STREET
25-017-3002 1 2 MEDFORD MIDDLESEX 100 TO 120 MAIN ST
25-005-2004 1 2 NEW BEDFOR BRISTOL CO YMCA, 25 WATER ST
25-021-0007 1 2 QUINCY NORFOLK CO HANCOCK STREET
25-013-0011 2 2 SPRINGFIEL HAMPDEN CO 59 HOWARD STREET
25-013-2007 1 1 SPRINGFIEL HAMPDEN CO EAST COLUMBUS AVENUE
25-013-2007 3 3 SPRINGFIEL HAMPDEN CO EAST COLUMBUS AVENUE
25-017-1801 1 2 SUDBURY MIDDLESEX WATER ROW RD
25-015-4002 1 2 WARE HAMPSHIRE OUABBIN SUMMIT
25-013-5003 1 2 WEST SPRIN HAMPDEN CO W. SPRINGFIELD
25-027-0013 1 2 WORCESTER WORCESTER 419 BELMONT STREET
25-027-0016 1 1 WORCESTER WORCESTER 2 WASHINGTON STREET
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
59
55
38
55
34
59
31
56
59
52
58
53
58
58
57
58
109
58
52
49
59
55
38
55
34
59
31
56
59
52
58
53
58
58
57
52
109
58
52
49
94
87
60
87
54
94
49
89
94
83
92
84
92
92
90
83
89
92
83
78
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
123
63
63
63
UNITS: 001 UG/
---MAXIMUM VALUES-
1ST 2ND 3RD
59
47
47
68
59
71
72
59
29
45
46
43
48
60
62
43
36
57
56
49
52
41
43
52
45
51
58
43
28
32
28
29
38
50
49
30
32
52
39
39
48
40
41
40
45
49
42
30
26
32
23
29
37
48
49
30
30
41
38
34
CU METI
4TH Ml
42
39
33
40
37
44
41
29
26
32
23
23
36
47
47
30
28
38
38
33
ER (25 C)
WTD
ALS > 150 ARITH
EAS EST MEAN METH
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
26 063
20 062
21? 062
21 063
26? 064
26 064
28? 064
16 063
13 062
17 062
14 062
15? 062
19 064
27 063
27 063
13? 063
11 062
20 063
19? 064
20? 064
45
-------
HMH8TREET STORROW PA* ^f
"r ..A *
WORCESTER
QUABBM SUMMIT
WARE
M
CHELSEA
ll.l
BEAVER STREET
WALTHAM \
V
MIDDLESEX
—-^^
/K IKENMORE
CENTRAL STREET FIRE STATION CdiTRAL ST. J BOSTON
lui-iru-f ATCQ ^—, 1 f 19 J
•—' i»«HIU STREET SUBSTATION
SPtWMFIELD
1M
BETWEEN OlOBE AND W1LCOX iTS. PARWNO U)T
FAU. RIVER
FAU. RIVER
6 10 15 20 25 30
1« BREMEN 8THEET EAST BOSTON
BOSTON
16-4
611A EAST FIB8T 8THEET
BOSTON
4§A
LONOI81ANO BOSTON HABBOn
', BRISTOL
h
', 8HAHP810T
OLOBE STREET!
FAU RIVER I
ISA '
MASSACHUSETTS SULFUR DIOXIDE
Annual average sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentration in ug/m3 for sites in Massachusetts. The annual average SO2
standard is 80 ug/m3.
-------
MASSACHUSETTS SULFUR DIOXIDE
180 -
FsU River Lawrence Springfield Ware Boston Worcester
• 4- * )K B O-
91
95
River Lawrence Springfield Ware Boeton Worcester
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
SULFUR DIOXIDE (42401) MASSACHUSETTS
P
OM REP
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY ADDRESS ORG #08S
25-025-0002 1 1 BOSTON
25-025-0019 1 4 BOSTON
25-025-0020 1 4 BOSTON
25-025-0021 1 1 BOSTON
25-025-0021 Z 4 BOSTON
25-025-0040
25-025-1003
25-005-0010
25-005-1004
25-009-5004
25-009-0005
25-009-3003
25-009-1004
25-009-1005
25-013-0016
25-013-1009
25-017-1701
25-005-6001
25-017-4003
25-015-4002
25-027-0020
4 BOSTON
1 CHELSEA
4 FALL RIVER
1 FALL RIVER
4 HAVERHILL
1 LAWRENCE
4 MARBLEHEAD
4 PEABODY
4 PEABODY
1 SPRINGFIELD
1 SPRINGFIELD
4 STONEHAM
4 SWANSEA
1 WALTHAM
2 WARE
1 WORCESTER
SUFFOLK CO KENMORE SQUARE
SUFFOLK CO LONG ISLAND
SUFFOLK CO DEWAR STREET
SUFFOLK CO 340 BREMAN STREET
SUFFOLK CO 340 BREMAN STREET
SUFFOLK CO 531A EAST FIRST
SUFFOLK CO POWDER HORN HILL
BRISTOL CO BETWEEN GLOBE
BRISTOL CO GLOBE STREET
ESSEX CO NETTLE SCHOOL
ESSEX CO HIGH STREET
ESSEX CO WATER TOWER
ESSEX CO HILLTOP AT END OF
ESSEX CO PERKINS STREET
HAMPDEN CO LIBERTY STREET
HAMPDEN CO LONGHILL STREET
MIDDLESEX CO HILL STREET
BRISTOL CO SHARPS LOT ROAD
MIDDLESEX CO BEAVER STREET
HAMPSHIRE CO QUABBIN SUMMIT
WORCESTER CO CENTRAL STREET
001 7259
005 8338
005 8353
001 8688
005 8337
005 8353
001 8675
017 8686
001 8682
002 8596
001 8153
017 8677
026 8254
026 8469
001 8663
001 8655
025 8644
017 8618
001 8671
001 8704
001 8219
UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25 C)
OBS OBS
MAX 24-HR > MAX 3-HR > MAX 1-HR ARIT
1ST 2ND 365 1ST 2ND 1300 1ST 2ND MEAN
f "•
57
68
98
65
62
94
229
53
59
49
96
59
83
62
85
71
117
59
40
37
61
55
52
78
58
49
85
71
45
53
41
87
55
60
56
81
62
104
57
35
34
60
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
111
107
146
141
110
187
708
141
146
98
146
137
133
320
123
99
167
269
91
51
120
107
100
134
129
94
154
558
140
116
83
135
108
132
194
117
98
165
217
86
50
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
160
134
162
199
139
236
828
225
197
134
210
199
210
519
162
144
210
301
157
60
141
144
131
160
178
131
189
802
191
178
110
210
149
176
362
152
128
204
293
118
58
121
18
13
19
16
15
19
20
12
12
12
18
16
18
13
15
16
16
12
9
9
15
METH
000
060
060
061
060
060
077
009
077
009
000
009
009
009
009
060
009
009
061
060
060
47
-------
This page intentionally left blank.
48
-------
1995 NEW HAMPSHIRE AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SUMMARY
There were no exceedances or violations of the 1 hour at either of the 2 Carbon Monoxide
(CO) monitoring sites in the state. The Nashua site reported an exceedance (11.5 ppm) of the 8 hour
NAAQS. The highest second maximum 8 hour average at Nashua was 7.6 ppm or 84% of the
NAAQS. The five year trends show that CO levels are relatively stable.
In 1995 New Hampshire discontinued Lead (Pb) monitoring, because air quality levels were
well below (= 0.1%) the Pb NAAQS and were at the lowest levels of method detection. In 1994
There were no violations of the quarterly Lead (Pb) NAAQS at any of the 5 sites in New Hampshire.
Keene and Portsmouth reported the highest Pb level with a maximum quarterly average of 0.02 ug/m3
or 1.5% of the NAAQS. In 1994 no other site reported a maximum quarterly average which was
above 1% of the NAAQS.
In 1995 Nitrogen Dioxide (NOj) monitoring was performed at 2 sites. The site in Manchester
measured the maximum NO2 annual average of 13 ppb or 13% of the NAAQS. There was a slight
decline in the five year trend line for NO2 with Manchester NO2 levels dropping from 16 ppb in 1991
to 13 ppb in 1995. Portsmouth also showed a similar decline in NO2 over the last five years.
Of the 7 Ozone (O3) sites operating in New Hampshire, only the Rye Harbor site, with 3 days
above the O3 NAAQS, reported violations to the O3 NAAQS in 1995. The Rye Harbor site reported
the highest daily maximum values of 0.139 ppm or 116% of the standard. Last year both the Rye
Harbor and Portsmouth sites reported one exceedance each. In 1993 there was only one exceedance
at Rye Harbor and in 1992 there were no sites in New Hampshire reporting any exceedances.
None of the 13 Particulate Matter (with a mass mean diameter of less than 10 microns) (PM10)
sites in New Hampshire had any exceedances or violations of the annual or 24-hour NAAQS for PM10
in 1995. The highest 24 hour values were reported at Groveton (Northumberland) with a highest
second maximum value of 88 ug/m3 or 59% of the daily standard. All the sites were well below the
annual NAAQS. The maximum annual average was in Berlin with a reported concentration of 37
ug/m3 or 74% of the NAAQS. Over the past five years all PM10 monitoring sites have recorded
paniculate matter concentrations below the annual and the 24-hour NAAQS. Yearly variability in
the data is common, in part determined by meteorology, transport of paniculate matter from distant
sources, and changes in the emission strength of local sources. The five year trend graphs show very
slight downward trends for PM10 in Berlin, Manchester, and Portsmouth.
There were no exceedances or violations reported at any of the 11 Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) sites
in 1995. The highest annual arithmetic mean was reported in Manchester at 17 ug/m3 or 21% of the
NAAQS. Pembroke reported the highest 24-hour second maximum of 110 ug/m3 or 30% of the
standard, as well as, the highest 3-hour second maximum of 455 ug/m3 or 35% of NAAQS. The SO2
five year data showed no significant trends.
49
-------
\ HILLSBOROUGH
0 5 10 15 20 25 3
s^
MM
NEW HAMPSHIRE CARBON MONOXIDE
Second-highest eight-hour average carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in ppm for sites in New Hampshire.
The eight-hour CO standard is 9 ppm.
50
-------
NEW HAMPSHIRE CARBON MONOXIDE
—s 10
95
Manchester, Bridge St. Nashua
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
SITE ID
CARBON MONOXIDE (42101)
P
0 M
C T CITY COUNTY
NEW HAMPSHIRE
UNITS: 007 PPM
ADDRESS
REP
ORG #OBS
MAX
1ST
-HR
2ND
OBS>
35
MAX 8-HR
1ST 2ND
08S>
9
METH
33-011-0018 1 2 MANCHESTER
33-011-1009 1 2 NASHUA
HILLSBOROUGH CO 20 BRIDGE STREET 0017856 21.0 11.0 0 8.6 5.9 0 011
HILLSBOROUGH CO 25 MAIN STREET, MATARAZZ 001 7183 18.0 16.0 0 11.5 7.6 1 011
51
-------
•••V/t
I
.
1
.f
>
1
coos
VAUSHAN STREET
PORTSMOUTH
0.0122
ROCKINGHAM
NEW HAMPSHIRE NITROGEN DIOXIDE
Annual average nitrogen dioxide (N0:) concentration in ppm for sites in Ne\v Hampshire. The annual average
N0: standard is 0.05 ppm.
52
-------
NEW HAMPSHIRE NITROGEN DIOXIDE
0.02
E
Q.
a.
g
i
0.01
NAAQS 0.05 ppm
_L
91
92 93
YEAR
Manchester Portsmouth
94
95
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
SITE ID
NITROGEN DIOXIDE (42602)
P
0 M
C T CITY COUNTY
NEW HAMPSHIRE
UNITS: 007 PPM
ADDRESS
REP
ORG #OBS
MAX
1ST
1-HR
2ND
MAX
1ST
24-HR
2ND
ARIT
MEAN
METH
33-011-0016 1 2 MANCHESTER
33-015-0009 1 2 PORTSMOUTH
HILLSBOROUGH CO HARNETT PARK, MUNICIPAL
ROCKINGHAM CO VAUGHAN STREET
001 7690 .059
001 7529 .063
.058
.061
.013
.012
014
014
53
-------
/». '*»
S wi
MERRIMACK
RYE HARBOR STATE PARK OCEAN BLVD. 8TE.1A
RYE
' ROCKINGHAM
t VAUGHAN STREET
I PORTSMOUTH
0
JRAJLAOAD STREET g
-" r9* /
\ *
f CHESHIRE \
/r
SANoem ASSOCIATE* PARXMOIOTD
NASHUA
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
^^
Mies
NEW HAMPSHIRE OZONE
Number of ozone exceedance days for sites in New Hampshire.
-------
NEW HAMPSHIRE OZONE
Manchester Nashua Portsmouth Rye
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
SITE ID
OZONE
P
0 M
C T CITY
NEW HAMPSHIRE
OZONE SEASON: APR 01 TO
*
COUNTY
ADDRESS
UNITS: 007 PPM
OCT 31
VALID DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM * MISS DAYS
REP *NUM NUM MAXIMA VALS>.125 * ASSUMED <
ORG *MEAS RED 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH MEAS EST * STANDARD METH
33-019-0003 1
53-013-0007 1
33-005-0007 1
33-011-0016 1
33-011-1010 1
33-015-0009 1
33-015-0012 1
CLAREMONT
CONCORD
KEENE
MANCHESTER
NASHUA
PORTSMOUTH
RYE
001 205 214 .089
001 204 214 .084
001 203 214 .085
001 203 214 .101
HI Ub*»BWIXVrww n»»i»«— f.n^ •"»« / *1C
HILLSBOROUG SANDERS ASSOCIAT 00 207 24 .115
ROCKINGHAM VAUGHAN STREET 001 209 214
SULLIVAN CO SOUTH STREET
MERRIMACK C STORRS STREET
CHESHIRE CO RAILROAD STREET
HILLSBOROUG HARNETT PARK
.123
ROCKINGHAM VAUbHAN SIKCCI «-• --- -•• --—
ROCKINGHAM RYE HARBOR STATE 001 205 214 .139
.088
.082
.082
.093
.111
.117
.130
.087
.081
.080
.091
.108
.113
.130
.082
.079
.079
.088
.106
.094
.120
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.1
4
8
8
4
4
2
2
011
011
014
011
011
011
011
5 5
-------
• ROUTES 110 AND 3 COVERED SPKttE QROVET
t NORTHUMBERLAND I
i AJ _*_ I
GATES HLLRD
STRAFFORD^
CENTRAL AVEi
0 5 X) 15 20 25 30
*£?*"***
\ ** J
SUNDERS ASSOOATeS MHOM LOT D
NASHUA
NEW HAMPSHIRE PM10
Annual average PMlo concentradon in ug/m3 for rite, in New Hampshire. The annual average PM10 standard is
50 ug/m3
-------
NEW HAMPSHIRE PM10
120
NAAQS150ug/m3
.100 -
80 -
I 60
ul
0) 40 H
e
91
92
93
YEAR
94
95
91
95
Berlin Mawhester Portsmouth
+
Berlin Manchi
rPor
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
PM-10 TOTAL 0-10UM (81102) NEW HAMPSHIRE
p SCHEDULED
0 H REP NUM NUM X HUM -
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY ADDRESS ORG DBS OBS DBS REQ
33-013-5001 1 3 HERRI MACK MT. SUNAPEE
33-007-0014 1 2 BERLIN COOS CO LANCASTER STREET
33-007-0014 2 3 BERLIN COOS CO LANCASTER STREET
33-007-0019 1 2 BERLIN COOS CO GATES HILL RD
33-019-0003 1 2 CLAREMONT SULLIVAN C SOUTH STREET
33-019-0003 2 3 CLAREMONT SULLIVAN C SOUTH STREET
33-013-0003 1 2 CONCORD HERRI MACK NO. STATE HOUSE
33-017-0001 1 2 DOVER STRAFFORD CENTRAL AVE
33-011-2001 1 2 HOLLIS HILLSBOROU RTE. 122. SILVER LAKE
33-005-0007 1 2 KEENE CHESHIRE C RAILROAD STREET
33-011-0015 1 1 MANCHESTER HILLSBOROU 351 CHESTNUT STREET
33-011-0015 3 3 MANCHESTER HILLSBOROU 351 CHESTNUT STREET
33-011-1007 1 2 NASHUA HILLSBOROU MAIN STREET
33-011-1010 1 2 NASHUA HILLSBOROU SANDERS ASSOCIATES
33-007-1007 1 2 NORTHUMBER COOS CO ROUTES 110 AND 3
33-015-0009 1 2 PORTSMOUTH ROCKINGHAM VAUGHAN STREET
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
001
902
902
902
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
902
001
52
41
33
41
54
54
55
54
56
55
55
56
56
53
49
56
52
41
33
41
54
54
55
54
56
55
55
56
56
53
49
56
83
87
70
87
86
86
87
86
89
87
87
89
89
84
78
89
63
47
47
47
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
UNITS: 001 UG/
---MAXIMUM VALUES-
1ST 2ND 3RD
39
76
76
36
41
41
48
48
45
62
47
47
42
50
88
53
28
70
75
34
32
32
31
37
31
60
30
29
31
36
79
37
21
63
73
30
31
31
29
28
30
58
29
29
30
31
60
29
CU METI
4TH Ml
19
62
62
29
27
28
29
26
28
51
29
27
29
31
54
29
ER (25 C)
UTD
ALS > 150 ARITH
EAS EST MEAN METH
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
8? 064
33? 064
37? 062
13? 064
14? 064
14? 064
14? 064
15? 064
13? 064
19? 064
14? 064
14? 064
14? 064
14? 064
21? 064
15? 064
57
-------
/
1 \
/
'
coos
t ROUTES 110 AND 1
NORTHUMBERLAND
154
BRIDGE 8ROVET
CATESHU.W
KM.
12.1-
—* I
• OrFHUTCHM* ST. TOWN Of SUCCiSS '
-' BERLIN
tl
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
•ANOCMAMOCUTES MRKMQIOTO
NASHUA
u
NEW HAMPSHIRE SULFUR DIOXIDE
Annual average sulfur dioxide (SO:) concentration in ug/m3 for sites in New Hampshire. The annual average
S0: standard is 80 ug/ni3.
58
-------
NEW HAMPSHIRE SULFUR DIOXIDE
8 -
91
91
Berttn Northumberland Manchester Nashua
92 93 94 95
YEAR
min-Hu -mil • Hariri ilr»j»r>li» *\tmr tltraahi ta
NOftnunrocnanu mancneoier nasnua
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
SULFUR DIOXIDE (42401) NEW
P
Q u
SITE ID C
33-007-0019 1
33-007-0022 1
33-019-0003 1
33-013-0007 1
33-005-0007 1
33-011-0016 1
33-011-1009 1
33-011-1010 1
33-007-1007 1
33-013-1003 1
33-015-0009 1
n
T CITY
2 BERLIN
2 BERLIN
2 CLAREMONT
2 CONCORD
2 KEENE
1 MANCHESTER
2 NASHUA
2 NASHUA
2 NORTHUMBERLAND
2 PEMBROKE
2 PORTSMOUTH
COUNTY ADDRESS
COOS CO CATES HILL RD
COOS CO OFF HUTCH INS ST
SULLIVAN CO SOUTH STREET
MERRIMACK CO STORRS STREET
CHESHIRE CO RAILROAD STREET
HILLSBOROUGH HARNETT PARK
HILLSBOROUGH 25 MAIN STREET
HILLSBOROUGH SANDERS ASSOCIATE
COOS CO ROUTES 110 AND 3
MERRIMACK CO PEMBROKE HILL
ROCKINGHAM C VAUGHAN STREET
HAMPSHIRE
REP
ORG #085
902 8578
902 8080
001 7762
001 7834
001 7754
001 8163
001 7911
001 7844
004 7708
001 8134
001 7911
UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25 C)
DBS OBS
MAX 24-HR > MAX 3-HR > MAX 1-HR ARIT
1ST
74
26
34
40
71
89
54
63
106
147
56
2ND 365
71
23
33
37
67
81
40
42
94
110
46
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1ST
268
74
138
167
136
159
79
117
410
520
164
2ND 1300
258
71
88
155
114
154
77
114
225
455
139
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1ST
375
181
194
252
165
244
131
136
548
757
246
2ND MEAN METH
343
136
157
244
152
236
100
134
403
621
238
12 020
7 020
8 023
9 023
12 023
17 023
9 023
8 023
16 023
13 023
10 023
59
-------
This page intentionally left blank.
60
-------
1995 RHODE ISLAND AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SUMMARY
None of the three carbon monoxide (CO) monitors exceeded or violated the 1-hour or 8-hour
NAAQS. The Dorrance Street site in Providence reported the highest 8-hour second maximum value
of 7.0 ppm or 78% of the NAAQS. The photochemical assessment monitoring station (PAMS) in
East Providence operates seasonal and had a second maximum value of 1.0 ppm or 11% of the
NAAQS. The five-year trend graph shows that CO levels are relatively stable.
Rhode Island has discontinued lead (Pb) monitoring in the state due to the extremely low lead
(Pb) concentrations monitored over the past few years.
In 1995, three sites monitored for nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Two of these sites were
photochemical assessment monitoring stations (PAMS) and operate seasonal. None of the sites
experienced any exceedances or violations of the NAAQS. The Rockefeller Library site in
Providence reported the highest annual arithmetic mean which was 0.022 ppm or 44% of the
NAAQS. The five-year trend graph shows that N02 levels have remained stable.
All three ozone (O3) sites experienced exceedances or violations of the NAAQS during 1995.
The Alton Jones site had the most as well as the highest 1-hour second maximum value of 0.136 ppm
or 109% of the NAAQS. It appears that ozone levels have remained fairly constant over the past few
years.
None of the particulate matter less than 10 microns (PM,0) sites in RI had any exceedances
or violations of the annual or 24-hour standards in 1995. The Aliens Avenue site reported both the
highest 24-hour second maximum value which was 76 ug/m3, or 51% of the standard, and the highest
annual arithmetic mean which was 31 ug/m3 or 62% of the standard. The five-year trend graph shows
no discernable trends for PM10.
Three sites monitored for sulfur dioxide (SO2) this year. There were no exceedances or
violations of the annual, 24-hour, or 3-hour NAAQS. Rockefeller Library in Providence reported the
highest annual arithmetic mean at 17 ug/m3 or 21% of the NAAQS as well as the highest 24-hour
second maximum of 73 ug/m3 or 20% of the NAAQS. Dorrance Street in Providence reported the
highest 3-hour second maximum at 133 ug/m3 or 10% of the NAAQS. The five-year trend graphs
show a slight downward trend.
61
-------
ROCKEFeUEH U8HABY, PROSPECT STREET,
PROVIDENCE
2J»
PROVIDENCE
FRANCIS SCHOOL 84 BOURNE AVE
EAST PROVIDENCE
1.0
71DORRANCE STREET.
PROVIDENCE
7.0
WASHINGTON
234567
Miles
WASHINGTON
RHODE ISLAND CARBON MONOXIDE
Second-highest eight-hour average carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in ppm for sites in Rhode Island. The
eight-hour CO standard is 9 ppm.
62
-------
RHODE ISLAND CARBON MONOXIDE
Dept. of Health Dorrance St.
Rockefeller Lib.
(All Sites in Providence)
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
SITE ID
CARBON MONOXIDE (42101)
P
0 M
C T CITY COUNTY
RHODE ISLAND
UNITS: 007 PPM
ADDRESS
REP
ORG #OBS
MAX 1-HR
1ST 2ND
OBS>
35
MAX 8-HR
1ST 2ND
OBS>
9
METI
44-007-1010 1 3 EAST PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE CO
44-007-0012 2 1 PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE CO
44-007-1009 1 1 PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE CO
FRANCIS SCHOOL, 64 BOURN 001 3994 2.7 1.7 0 1.0 1.0 0
ROCKEFELLER LIBRARY 001 7929 5.4 5.0 0 2.7 2.6 0
76 DORRANCE STREET 001 8242 12.0 10.2 0 7.7 7.0 0
05'
05.
06
63
-------
PROVIDENCE
ROCKEFELLER UBRAHY PROSPECT STREET.
PROVIDENCE
FRANCIS SCHOOL M BOURNE AVE
EAST PROVIDENCE
0011
KENT
W. ALTON JONES CAMPUS UFd PArt(
-------
RHODE ISLAND NITROGEN DIOXIDE
0.026 -
S2 0.024 -
UJ
X
i
_,
0.022 -
0.02
NAAQS .05 ppm
I
91
92
93
YEAR
Providence
94
95
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
NITROGEN DIOXIDE (42602)
P
RHODE ISLAND
UNITS: 007 PPM
SITE ID
0 M
C T CITY
COUNTY
ADDRESS
REP
ORG
#OBS
MAX
1ST
1-HR
2ND
MAX
1ST
24-HR
2ND
ARIT
MEAN
METf
44-003-0002 1 3 KENT CO W. ALTON JONES CAMPUS URI 001 2776 .058 .038
44-007-1010 1 8 EAST PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE CO FRANCIS SCHOOL, 64 BOURNE 001 3817 .050 .050
44-007-0012 2 2 PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE CO ROCKEFELLER LIBRARY 001 7832 .077 .075
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
.004? 074
.011? 000
.022 035
65
-------
PROVIDENCE
If. »^RUNCB SCHOOL M BOURNE AVE
ROCKEFELLER UBRAHY PROSPECT STREET. OW"/ EAST PROVIDENCE
PROVIDENCE \*. S • 2
KEA/7
W. ALTON JONES CAMPUS, URI PARKERF1EU5
WESTQREEN^ICH
WASHINGTON
0123456789 10
^
WASHINGTON
RHODE ISLAND OZONE
Number of ozone exceedance days for sites in Rhode Island.
66
-------
RHODE ISLAND OZONE
10
9 -
7 -
5 -
4 -
>- 3 -
NAAQS 1 day >= .1251
91
92 93
YEAR
West Greenwich Providence
94
95
EPA AEROHETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
OZONE (44201)
P
0 M
SITE ID C T CITY
44-003-0002 1 2
44-007-1010 1 8 EAST PROVIDEN
44-007-0012 1 1 PROVIDENCE
COUNTY
KENT CO
PROVIDENCE
PROVIDENCE
RHODE ISLAND
OZONE SEASON: APR 01 TO 0
*
REP *NUM HUM
ADDRESS ORG *MEAS REQ
U. ALTON JONES
FRANCIS SCHOOL
ROCKEFELLER LIB
001 206 214
001 189 214
001 198 214
CT 31
VALID
1ST
.157
.145
.138
UNITS: 007 P
DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM
2ND 3RD
.136
.131
.118
.133
.117
.113
4TH
.124
.113
.104
PM
*
VALS>.125 *
MEAS EST *
3
2
1
3.0
2.2
1.0
MISS DAYS
ASSUMED <
STANDARD MET)
7
6
11
05:
04;
OOI
67
-------
*
1Z7 SOCIAL STREET ,
WOONSOCKET
174
PROVIDENCE
SUMMIT STREET SAURJNG SITE
PAWTUCXET
w-EAST PROV FIRE STATON NORTH BROADWAY
*^\ EAST PROVIDENCE
ROCKEFELLER UBRAHY, PROSPECT STREET
PROVDENCE
19.6
111 FOUNTAIN ST_
PROVDENCE
8IJ
W. ALTON JONES CAMPUS URIPARKERF1ELD
WEST GREENWICH
WASHINGTON
0123456789 10
as
MM
WASHINGTON
RHODE ISLAND PM
•
Annual average PM10 concentration in ug/m3 for sites in Rhode Island. The annual average PM10 standard is 50
ug/m3.
68
-------
RHODE ISLAND PM10
91
96
Providence Pawtucket
Providence Pawtucket
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
SITE ID
PM-10 TOTAL 0-10UM (81102)
P
0 H
C T CITY COUNTY
ADDRESS
RHODE ISLAND UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25 C)
SCHEDULED
REP NUM NUM % NUM ---- MAXIMUM VALUES ..... VALS > 150
ORC DBS OBS DBS REQ 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH MEAS EST
ARITH
MEAN METH
44-003-0002 1 2 KENT CO U. ALTON JONES CAMPUS
44-007-0008 1 2 EAST PROVI PROVIDENCE EAST PROV FIRE ST
44-007-1005 1 1 PAWTUCKET PROVIDENCE SUMMIT STREET
44-007-0012 1 2 PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE ROCKEFELLER LIBRARY
44-007-0020 1 1 PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE ALLENS AVE
44-007-0021 1 2 PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE 111 FOUNTAIN ST
44-007-4002 1 2 WOONSOCKET PROVIDENCE 127 SOCIAL STREET
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
50
56
58
57
59
58
54
50
56
58
57
59
58
54
79
89
92
90
94
92
86
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
57
66
79
78
78
67
60
37
46
69
67
76
46
40
30
36
52
39
72
39
37
27
35
43
35
55
39
35
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
13? 064
19 064
24 064
20 064
31 064
22 064
18? 064
-------
SUMMIT STREET SAMPLING SHE
PAWTUCKET \
14J \
PROVIDENCE
ROCKEFELLER LIBRARY. PROSPECT SIHtkl
PHOVCENCE
17.1
7B DOIWANCE STREET
PROVIDENCE
1U
J
KENT
WASHINGTON
0123458789 10
E2S
Mies
WASHINGTON
RHODE ISLAND SULFUR DIOXIDE
Annual average sulfur dioxide (S0:) concentration in ug/ni3 for sites in Rliode Island. The annual average SO,
standard is 80 ug/m3.
70
-------
RHODE ISLAND SULFUR DIOXIDE
95
30
NAAQS 80 ug/nd
95
Providence, DOH Providence, Dorrance St.
Providence, DOH Providence, Dorrance St.
Pawtucket
Providence, Rockefeller Lib.
Pawtucket
Providence, Rockefeller Lib.
o
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
SITE ID
SULFUR DIOXIDE (42401)
P
0 M
C T CITY COUNTY
ADDRESS
RHODE ISLAND UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25 C)
OBS OBS
REP MAX 24-HR > MAX 3-HR > MAX 1-HR ARIT
ORG #OBS 1ST 2ND 365 1ST 2ND 1300 1ST 2ND MEAN METH
44-007-1005 1 1 PAWTUCKET PROVIDENCE C SUMMIT STREET 001 8390 71 63 0 154 124 0 183 149 14 000
44-007-0012 2 1 PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE C ROCKEFELLER LIB 001 7932 82 73 0 154 129 0 173 170 17 039
44-007-1009 1 1 PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE C 76 DORRANCE ST 001 8189 67 66 0 148 133 0 189 181 15 039
71
-------
This page intentionally left blank.
72
-------
1995 VERMONT AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SUMMARY
During 1995 Vermont operated Carbon Monoxide (CO) sites in Rutland and Burlington. No
exceedance of the NAAQS for CO was recorded at either site. The highest 1st and 2nd maximum
8-hour concentrations of CO were recorded at Rutland (5.0 ppm CO and 4.6 ppm CO, respectively).
The five year trend lines shows only small fluctuations on the second highs with levels between 50%
and 30% of the 8-hour NAAQS.
Vermont is not required to measure the concentration of lead in ambient air. No measurement
data are available.
Vermont operates two nitrogen dioxide (NO2) monitoring sites in the state. One is located
in Rutland and the other is located in Burlington. No exceedance of the NAAQS for NO2 was
recorded at either site. Historical data for the most recent five years (1990-1995) indicate that the
annual average concentrations of NO2 have remained relatively stable. The Rutland site ranged from
0.012 ppmNO2 to 0.015 ppmNO2, and the Burlington site ranged from 0.016 ppmNO2 to 0.018
ppmNO2. The maximum one-hour concentration of NO2, 0.070 ppm, was recorded at Burlington,
Winooski Avenue monitoring site.
Neither of the two ozone monitoring sites in Vermont recorded one-hour concentrations of
ozone in excess of the NAAQS. The highest concentration of ozone, 0.099 ppm, was recorded at
the Bennington site. The highest recorded concentration of ozone at the Proctor Maple Research site
was 0.087 ppm. Vermont has recorded only one exceedance of the 1-hour ozone standard since
1988.
Vermont maintains six monitoring sites that measure particulate matter (PM10). The highest
24-hour concentration was recorded at the Burlington site, which recorded at maximum 24-hour
PM10 concentration of 86 ug/m3. This site also recorded the highest annual average (weighted)
concentration of all Vermont sites, 21 ug/m3. This concentration is well below the annual average
NAAQS for PM10 which is 50 ug/m3. The lowest recorded measurements for PM10 were recorded
at the Proctor Maple Research facility monitoring site. Maximum 24-hour concentrations were at
or below 36 ug/m3, and the annual weighted arithmetic mean was 11 ug/m3. Over the past five years
all five PM10 monitoring sites have recorded particulate matter concentrations below the annual and
the 24-hour NAAQS. Yearly variability in the data is common, in part determined by meteorology,
transport of particulate matter from distant sources, and changes in the emission strength of local
sources. Lower annual concentrations are evident for the Barre, Brattleboro, and Burlington sites.
The monitoring sites at Burlington and Rutland also measure sulfur dioxide (SO2). No
exceedance or violation of the NAAQS for sulfur dioxide was recorded at either site. The highest
24-hour average concentration of SO2, 73 ug/m3, was recorded at the Rutland site. This site also
recorded the highest 3-hour concentration, 155 ug/m3 SO2. In contrast, the Burlington site recorded
a maximum 24-hour average concentration of 16 ug/m3 and a 3-hour maximum concentration of 48
ug/m3 SO2. Five years (1990-1994) of historical SO2 data indicate a general decline in SO2
concentrations in Burlington, but show a one year (1994) spike in SO2 concentrations in Rutland.
73
-------
'.BENNINQT
1
1
;
i
i
\
\
ON \
— 1
/
WINDHAM S
/
i
i
%
>^
15 20 25 30
VERMONT CARBON MONOXIDE
Second-highest eight-hour average carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in ppm
hour CO standard is 9 ppm.
" "74
for sites in Vermont. The eight-
-------
VERMONT CARBON MONOXIDE
91
Burlington Rutland
SITE ID
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
CARBON MONOXIDE (42101)
P
0 M
C T CITY
VERMONT
UNITS: 007 PPM
50-007-0003 1 2 BURLINGTON
50-021-0002 1 2 RUTLAND
COUNTY
CHITTENDEN CO
RUTLAND CO
ADDRESS
ADJ. TO 82
PARKING LOT
S. UINOOSKI
ADJ. TO 9
REP
ORG
001
001
#OBS
8270
8687
MAX 1-HR OBS>
1ST 2ND 35
6.5
8.3
5.6
7.5
0
0
MAX 8-HR
1ST 2ND
3.3
5.0
2.5
4.6
OBS>
9
0
0
METH
067
067
75
-------
V-^DJ. TO az s. WINOOSM AVBUE
x. BUBUNQTON
.
.
: BENNINGTON
•
1
i
WINDHAM
X
i
i
•
\
•
«
S
.
%
\
VERMONT NITROGEN DIOXIDE
Annual average nitrogen dioxide (NO:) concentration in ppin for sites in Vermont. The annual average N02
standard is 0.05 ppm.
76
-------
VERMONT NITROGEN DIOXIDE
0.018
91
Burlington Rutland
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
SITE ID
NITROGEN DIOXIDE (42602)
P
0 M
C T CITY COUNTY
VERMONT
UNITS: 007 PPM
ADDRESS
REP MAX 1-HR
ORG *OBS 1ST 2ND
MAX 24 -HR
1ST 2ND
ARIT
MEAN
METH
50-007-0003 1 2 BURLINGTON
50-021-0002 1 2 RUTLAND
CHITTENDEN CO
RUTLAND CO
ADJ. TO 82 S. UINOOSKI AVE 001 8017 .070 .068
PARKING LOT ADJ. TO 9 MERC 001 8653 .069 .067
.017
.013
074
074
77
-------
PROCTOR MA«£ RESEARCH F
BOLTON
IMWORTRO BENNMOTON VEMMWT
/•HNMTON
VERMONT OZONE
Number of ozone exceedance days for sites in Vermont.
78
-------
VERMONT OZONE
95
Burlington Bennington
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
SITE ID
OZONE (44201)
P
0 M
C T CITY
VERMONT
OZONE SEASON: APR 01
*
COUNTY
ADDRESS
UNITS: 007 PPM
TO OCT 31
VALID DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM * MISS DAYS
REP *NUM NUM MAXIMA VALS>.125 * ASSUMED <
ORG *MEAS REQ 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH MEAS EST * STANDARD METH
50-007-0007 1
50-003-0004 1
2 BENNINGTON
CHITTENDEN
BENNINGTON
PROCTOR MAPLE
AIRPORT RD
001
001
210
211
214
214
.087
.099
.085
.089
.083
.087
.082
.087
0
0
0.0
0.0
087
056
79
-------
\ LAMOILLE
CHITTENDEN
I PROCTOR MAPl£ RESEARCH FARM
BOLTON
WASHINGTON
! BENNINGTON
\
ESSEX
J
.BRADFORD STREET BENNKflTON
XBENNMSTDN
r'
I
232 MAM STREET BRATTLEBORO
BRATTLEBORO
18.S
VERMONT PM,
Annual average PM10 concentration in ug/m3 for sites in Vennont. The annual average PM10 standard is 50
ug/m3.
80
-------
VERMONTPM10
91
91
95
Burlington Bane Brattteboro
• + *
Burlington Barre Brattteboro
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
PM-10 TOTAL 0-10UM (81102)
P
0 M
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY
VERMONT UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25 C)
SCHEDULED M™
REP NUM NUM X NUM ----MAXIMUM VALUES ..... VALS > 150 ARITH
ORG DBS OBS OBS REO 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH MEAS EST MEAN METH
50-007-0007 1 2 CHITTENDEN PROCTOR MAPLE
50-023-0003 3 2 BARRE WASHINGTON SOUTH SEMINARY STREET
50-003-0005 1 2 BENNINGTON BENNINGTON BRADFORD STREET
50-025-0003 2 2 BRATTLEBOR UINDHAM CO 232 MAIN STREET
50-007-0003 1 1 BURLINGTON CHITTENDEN ADJ. TO 82 S. UINOOSK
50-007-0003 2 3 BURLINGTON CHITTENDEN ADJ. TO 82 S. UINOOSK
50-021-0002 1 2 RUTLAND RUTLAND CO PARKING LOT
50-021-0002 2 3 RUTLAND RUTLAND CO PARKING LOT
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
56
58
56
58
61
61
61
60
56
57
56
58
61
61
61
60
89
90
89
92
97
97
97
95
63
63
65
63
63
63
63
63
36
46
42
45
86
84
55
54
26
42
39
40
45
44
45
43
24
37
33
37
44
41
44
43
23
31
30
36
43
41
43
36
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
11
19
17
19
21
20
21
20
062
062
062
062
062
062
062
062
81
-------
ESSEX
; CHfTTENDEN S
i r-
{ CARWNQ LOT ADJ. TO 9 MERCHANTS
/ HUUANDCnY /
; r\ *
WINDSOR •'
I
1
'.BENNINGT
i
'
i
i
j
1
i
\
r —
ON
WINDHAM
r
I
\
1
VERMONT SULFUR DIOXIDE
Annual average sulfur dioxide (S0:) concentration in ug/m3 for sites in Vermont. Tlie annual average S02
standard is 80 ug/m3.
82
-------
VERMONT SULFUR DIOXIDE
40 -
95
Burlington Rutland
EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
SITE ID
SULFUR DIOXIDE (42401)
P
0 M
C T CITY COUNTY
VERMONT
ADDRESS
REP
ORG HUBS
MAX 24-HR
1ST 2ND
UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25 C)
OBS OBS
> MAX 3-HR > MAX 1-HR ARIT
365 1ST 2ND 1300 1ST 2ND MEAN
METH
50-007-0003 1 1 BURLINGTON
50-021-0002 1 2 RUTLAND
CHITTENDEN C ADJ. TO 82 S. WIN 001 8251 16 16 0 48 31 0 68 52 4 000
RUTLAND CO PARKING LOT 001 8435 73 73 0 155 149 0 181 165 14 060
83
-------
Table 4
REGION I PRECISION AND ACCURACY DATA
Limits
Precision Accuracy
SATISFACTORY <±15%
<±20%
HIGH
IHH^
EXCESSIVE
±16% to ±20% ±21 % to ±25%
>±20%
>±25%
Acceptable 95% probability limits as established
by the Quality Assurance Division of EPA
PM10 Accuracy should be less than <±15%
S02 PRECISION
for 1995
J L
CT ME MA NH Rl VT REGIONAL
SO2 ACCURACY
for 1995
I
CT ME MA NH Rl VT RE3IONAL
84
-------
PM10 PRECISION
for 1995
PM10 ACCURACY
for 1995
15
5
0
-5
-10
-15
—
CT ME MA NH Rl VT REGIONAL
0
u
6
4
2
-2
CT ME MA NH Rl VT REGIONAL
O3 PRECISION
for 1995
NH Rl VT REGIONAL
O3 ACCURACY
for 1995
10
J L
_L
CT ME MA NH Rl VT REGIONAL
85
-------
CO PRECISION
for 1995
Rj VT flEGKMAL
CO ACCURACY
for 1995
Rl VT REGCNAL
N02 PRECISION
for 1995
1 - 1 - 1
« VT PEOONW.
N02 ACCURACY
for 1995
CT tf MA
Rl VT REGIONAL
86
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Region 11995 Performance Audit Program
Region I conducts an audit program to assess the performance of Ambient Air Monitoring
Networks to provide operators of these Networks with technical assistance to maintain and improve
overall data quality. The audit procedures used in Region I are adapted from Volume II, of the U.S.
EPA Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurements. Gaseous pollutant audits are
conducted by introducing a known concentration of a specific pollutant (traceable to the National
Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST) into the monitor's sample intake, recording the
response of the audited instrument, and comparing the instrument's response to the actual or known
concentration. Mass Flow and Volumetric Flow controlled instruments for Paniculate Matter less
than 10 microns in size (PM10) are audited by attaching a reference flow device to the monitor which
restricts air flow to a known rate. The known air flow rate is then compared with the rate of flow
indicated by the sampler. These on site performance audits are conducted by EPA Region I,
Ecosystem Assessment Branch in Lexington. The total number of Audits have been significantly
decreased due to diminished travel funds and an agumented workload focusing on the PAMS
program.
A total of 83 audits were conducted in the six New England States on instruments that
measure Ozone (O3), Sulfur Dioxide (SOj), Paniculate Matter less than 10 microns in size (PM10) and
Carbon Monoxide (CO).
Of the 39 O3 audits conducted in 1995, 36 passed, 3 were Marginal, and none failed. Region
I's O3 audits continue to focus on coastal O3 sites due to the concern that O3 may be transported up
the coast and peak O3 levels are usually experienced at these sites.
Thirty-eight PM10 audits were conducted with no failures in 1995. Of the 6 CO audits
conducted in 1995, all passed.
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Non-Attainment Designations
as of April 1996
Ozone
PM-10
Carbon Monoxide
'JO
00
—i.
L
Non-Attainment Status:
Part of County
Whole County
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Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations (PAMS)
The enhanced ozone precursor monitoring initiative, known as the PAMS program, is one
of the most ambitious air quality monitoring programs ever attempted by the EPA and the States.
The overall purpose of this long-term (10+ years) is to monitor the changes in the atmospheric
concentration of ozone precursors and measure the effectiveness of current and future state and
regional ozone precursor control programs. In addition, the data produced by the PAMS program
should greatly enhance future ozone modeling capabilities, help fine-tune emissions inventories,
and provide measurements of toxic organic compounds that have been identified as Hazardous
Air Pollutants (HAPs).
The PAMS monitoring network is required by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 in
ozone non-attainment areas that are classified as extreme, severe, or serious. In general, there are
four different PAMS sites (Type 1 through Type 4) in each network, each of which serves a
different purpose within the network. The Type 1 site measures ozone and its precursors upwind
of the major metropolitan area located in the ozone non-attainment area. The Type 2 sites
measure ozone and its precursors immediately downwind of the metropolitan area, and are
optimally located to characterize the complex "fresh" emissions that emanate from the
metropolitan area. These sites operate on the more intensive schedule than other PAMS sites,
and are capable of measuring a larger array of ozone precursors than other PAMS sites. The
Type 3 sites are located downwind of the metropolitan area, in the region of maximum ozone
production. These sites generally record higher concentrations of ozone than upwind or near city
PAMS sites. In addition, because the ozone and its precursor emissions have traveled downwind
to these sites, the air masses arriving at these sites carry "aged" precursor emissions. Further
downwind are the Type 4 sites, located far downwind of one or more metropolitan areas. These
sites measure the chemistry of extreme long-range transport (in New England).
In the Northeast, non-attainment areas lay adjacent to each other, along the eastern
seaboard. The abutting nature of these non-attainment areas and the common ozone and ozone
precursor transport across non-attainment areas, provide an opportunity to optimize the overall
New England PAMS network and link it with upwind PAMS sites and research sites to the south
and west. It is anticipated that the New England PAMS network will eventually contain as many
as eighteen (18) PAMS sites. Figure 1 presents the approximate location of existing and recently
deployed PAMS sites in New England.
Most PAMS sites, with some exceptions, measure 56 hydrocarbons (Table 5, located at
the end of this section) on an hourly basis, twenty-four hours a day for the summer (June through
August). Hydrocarbon measurements are generally made using automated gas chromatography.
At the Type 2 sites, carbonyl (aldehydes and ketones) are measured along with the hydrocarbon
compounds. Composite samples of carbonyl are measured every three hours during the summer.
All sites also measure ozone, oxides of nitrogen, and surface meteorological conditions on an
hourly basis. As the PAMS program matures, additional measurements of upper air
meteorological conditions will be made at key locations within New England as part of the PAMS
network. Currently, only one upper air monitoring site has been deployed in New England
(coastal Connecticut).
89
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Table 2, referred to under the section entitled "VOCs and
Ozone" on page 92, is actually Table 3 on the following page.
-------
Addendum Pams Figure 1
Photochemical Assessment
Monitoring Stations
(PAMS)
in New England
1995
New Hampshire/Maine
14-Coastal NH (Typel)
15-Kittery,MECtype2)
16 - Cape Elizabeth, ME (Type 4)
17 - Acadia NP, ME (Type 4)
(Proposed)
I
Massachusetts
5 - North Easton (Type 1)
6-Lynn (Type 2)
7 - Newbury (Type 3)
8-Truro(Type4)
9 - Agawam (Type 1)
10 - Chicopee (Type 2)
11 - Ware/Quabbin Summit (Type 3)
,9
10
11
Connecticut
Rhode Island
12 - East Providence (Type 2)
13 - West Greenwich (Type 1)
1 - Westport (Typel)
2 - East Hartford (Type 2)
3 - Stafford Springs (Type 3)
4 - New Haven (Type 2) (Proposed)
-------
1993 was the first year PAMS ozone precursor data were collected in New England
during an entire summer. Quality control, and quality assurance (QA/QC) procedures for several
PAMS instruments were under development in 1993, and few sophisticated computerized
methods of data transfer and data troubleshooting were available. The field GCs proved
temperamental, producing data of questionable accuracy. Because of these circumstances, most
1993 PAMS hydrocarbon and carbonyl data have not been entered into any national data base.
The 1994 and 1995 PAMS data have undergone much better QA/QC procedures,
although data management issues and Acts-of-God (lightning strikes and electrical outages caused
by storms) remain problems. In 1994, six PAMS sites operated throughout the summer, and
several others underwent field deployment. In 1995 eight PAMS sites were operational and three
additional sites were undergoing field deployment. The eight operating PAMS sites included:
Cape Elizabeth, ME; Newbury/Plum Island, MA; Lynn, MA; Chicopee, MA; Quabbin
Summit/Ware, MA; East Providence, RI; Stafford Springs, CT; and East Hartford, CT. Sites
undergoing field deployment included: Westport/Sherwood Island, CT; Agawam, MA; and
Easton/Borderland, MA. These latter three sites were deployed as combination Type 1/3 sites
(Westport/Sherwood Island, CT and Easton/Borderland, MA) and a "stand alone" site (Agawam,
MA Type 1 site). The Kittery, ME Type 2 site suffered contamination problems and additional
start-up problems that nullified almost all of the 1995 data. In addition to these sites, the Truro,
MA PAMS Type 4 site was deployed and operational as part of the North American Research
Study of Tropospheric Ozone - Northeast (NARSTO-NE) field study. Table 1 presents a list of
the 1995 PAMS sites which were operational or near deployed.
Table 1. List of 1995 PAMS sites in New England, deployed and near deployment.
Site Location PAMS Classification Status
Cape Elizabeth (ME) Type3/4 deployed 1994
Kittery (ME) Type 2 deployed 1995
Newbury/Plumb Island (MA) Type 3 deployed 1994*
Lynn (MA) Type 2 deployed 1993
Easton/Borderland Park (MA) Typel/3 deployed 1995*
Truro (MA) Type 4 deployed 1995
East Providence (RI) Type 2 deployed 1993
Westport/Sherwood Island (CT) Typel/3 deployed 1996
East Hartford (CT) Type 2 deployed 1993
Stafford Springs (CT) Type 3 deployed 1994*
Agawam (MA) Type 1 deployed 1995*
Chicopee (MA) Type 2 deployed 1993*
Ware/Quabbin Summit (MA) Type 3 deployed 1994
* these sites were deployed late in the PAMS season and data were (will) not available until the
following year.
A full assessment of the 1994 and 1995 PAMS data has not been conducted. Such an
90
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assessment is beyond the nature of this report. The 1994 data have been the subject of exploratory
analysis by NESCAUM (Northeast States for Coordinated Air Management) and EPA. The
following data presentation provides a cursory analysis of the 1995 New England PAMS data
base, exploring different features of the data. An extensive analysis of the 1995 PAMS data will
be conducted as part of the NARSTO-NE initiative. These analyses should be available late in
1996.
1995 PAMS Data
The following presentation provides information on the differences in concentration of
biogenic VOCs, highly reactive VOCs, and toxic VOCs at the New England PAMS sites. In
addition, a preliminary analysis of "aged" and "fresh" VOC emissions (as measured by the auto
GCs) is presented for each site.
Chemical Changes in Air Mass
As polluted air moves over New England during the day, many of the compounds undergo
photochemical reactions. The VOCs undergo chemical changes and hence the initial
concentrations of these compounds change during the day. The more highly reactive organic
compounds undergo chemical changes faster than slow reacting VOCs. It is possible to measure
the freshness or aged characteristic of the air masses that pass over the PAMS sites by comparing
the ratios of fast and slow reacting VOCs. Table 2 presents ratio data for fast and slow reacting
VOCs. Previous studies have shown that toluene, benzene and m,p - xylene ratios can provide
useful measures of "fresh" (local) or "aged"(transported) air masses. M,p - xylene:benzene ratios
less than 1.5 generally indicate an "aged" air mass, and ratios -1.5 generally indicate an air mass
with "fresh"emissions. Likewise, benzene:toluene ratios >0.4 indicate an aged air mass, while
those -0.4 indicate "fresh" emissions.
The New England PAMS sites have been located in up-wind, urban, and downwind
networks. The urban and downwind sites should provide data which help characterize/validate
the fresh emissions or the aged nature of the VOCs measured at these sites. The PAMS data
presented below for 1995 clearly show that the downwind sites receive "aged" air. This is evident
for the PAMS season (June-August), the peak ozone period of the day (1600-1800 hours), and
during ozone episodes. The data for Chicopee (MA), and to some extent East Hartford (CT),
appear to differ from those of the other Type 2 PAMS sites (Lynn and East Providence). This is
expected given their location within the Connecticut River Valley were south to north air flow is
common during the summer. This air transport delivers "aged" air from the lower part of the
valley and southerly upwind emission sources. Hence, the ratio data indicate that these sites
measure "aged" air during much of the ozone season.
91
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Table 2. Measures of "aged" and "fresh" air masses at eight PAMS sites in New England during 1995.
June-
Location m.o-Xvt:Benz(b)
ryp*2SMes
E. Hartford
ftiteopM
Lynn
Steffofd Springs
Quabbin/Ware
, Cape Elizabeth
1.5
1.8
1.3
2.6
1.1
1
1.1
August 1 600-1 800 hr June -August Ozone Episodes (a)
Benz:Tolucne (c) m.D-Xvt:Benz Benz:Toluene m.p-Xyl:Benz Benz:Toluene
0.33
0.26
0.24
0.25
0.45
0.4
0.49
1.3
1.6
0.8
2.5
1,2
1.3
.2
1
0.43
0.32
0.31
0.26
0.59
0.48
0.58
0.64
n/a
0.21 (d)
2.4 (e)
0.06, 0.35 (f)
0.10, 0.10 (g)
n/a
<0.0, <0.0, 0.41 (h)
n/a
0.48 (d)
0.23 (e)
0.64, 0.53 (f)
0.65, 0.58 (g)
n/a
0.54, 0.52, 0.43 (h)
(a) Hours during which the ozone standard (0.12 ppm O3) was exceeded.
(b) m, p-Xytene:Benzene ratios <1.5 Indicate an "aged" air mass, ratios ~1.5 an indicate "fresh" air mass
(c) Benzene:TokMne ratios >0.4 indicate an "aged" air mass, white ratios ~0.4 Indicate a 'fresh' air mass
(d) June 30,1995 Q1700 hr
(e) August 1,1995 Q1700 hr
(I) Jury 13.1995® 1600-1700 his
(8) August 10,1995 Q1600,1700.1800 hrs
VOCs and Ozone
Previous analyses, conducted on PAMS data in New England and elsewhere, have shown
that about twenty (20) of the measured PAMS VOCs generally account for 85% of the ozone
produced in ambient air. These compounds and other VOCs are measured by the automated Gcs
at the PAMS sites. The table below lists the 20 major VOCs and their concentrations (ppbC) for
each the eight PAMS sites in New England. These data show that for almost all of the PAMS
sites, whether Cape Elizabeth, Maine or East Providence, Rhode Island, the top five or six
compounds (by concentration) remain virtually the same: ethane, isopentane, propane, toluene, n-
pentane and n-butane (highlighted in bold in Table 2). The inland Type 2 and 3 sites, which are
located near or within urban or rural forests, also show elevated concentrations of isoprene, a
biogenic VOC. By far the highest concentrations of biogenic VOCs are recorded at the inland
Type 3 sites(Quabbin Summit, MA and Stafford Springs, CT). During 1995, on particularly hot
days, hourly isoprene concentrations exceeded 50 ppbC and approached 100 ppbC at these sites,
dominating the organic presursors in the air.
92
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Table 3. The concentration (ppbC) of twenty ozone precursor VOCs measured at eight PAMS
sites in New England during 1995.
VOC Compound
PAMS Sites
CapeE. Newbury Lynn E. Prov. E. Hart.* Staff. Spr. Ware Chicopee
Ethane 3.0
Isopentane 2.4
Propane 2.9
Isoprene 1.7
Toluene 1.6
n-Butane 1.7
m/p-Xylene 0.7
n-Pentane 1.0
Ethylene 0.8
Benzene 0.8
Acetylene 1 .0
2,2,4-TriMP** 0.6
Isobutane 0.7
1,2,3-TriMB*** 0.6
2-Methylpentane 0.6
Propylene 0.5
l,2,4-TriMB****0.2
n-Hexane 0.5
o-Xylene 0.2
p-Ethyltoluene 0.5
3.0
2.2
3.3
2.4
3.2
1.3
1.4
6.4
1.3
1.3
0.5
1.4
0.8
<0.7
1.2
0.9
1.6 (a)
1.3(b)
0.9
1.2 (a)
4.3
6.4
3.6
4.3
5.3
2.6
2.9
2.7
2.2
1.3
1.8
1.7
1.1
1.3
1.8
1.0
1.4
1.2
1.2
0.7
6.3
7.7
6.2
2.7
7.0
3.7
3.3
3.0
2.7
1.9
2.5
1.5
2.4
0.3
2.9
1.0
1.1
1.7
1.2
0.4
>2.8
11.6
5.5
2.4
5.7
2.9
2.4
2.7
0.5
1.9
1.7
1.5
1.5
0.9
-
3.4
1.6
1.3
1.2
0.7
3.2
2.7
2.7
5.6
2.2
1.4
1.0
1.1
1.0
1.0
0.8
0.9
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.5
0.8
0.6
0.5
2.7
2.3
2.1
16.1
1.9
1.4
0.8
1.1
1.1
0.8
0.6
0.9
0.9
<0.7
0.9
1.2
-
0.6
0.4
0.9
4.1
9.4
3.9
4.5
5.7
2.5
1.6
4.1
1.9
1.3
0.8
1.3
1.3
1.0
1.6
0.9
0.9
1.7
0.9
0.6
* local contamination problems invalidated July 1995 data.
** 2,2,4 - Trimethylpentane
*** 1,2,3 - Trimenthybenzene
**** 1,2,4 - Trimethylbenzene
(a) GC restart caused elevated concentrations (31 hours eliminated from data used in this table).
(b)<600hrsofdata.
Hazardous Air Pollutants and Urban Air Toxic Compounds
Table 4 presents the hourly average concentrations (ppbC) of hazardous organic air pollutants
measured at PAMS sites for three months during the summer of 1995. For consistency with the
other data presented in this section, the data are presented as parts per billion carbon (ppbC).
From the data it is clear that the Type 2 sites, located within urban areas, measure atmosphere
more rich in hazardous organic air pollutants than the Type 3/4 sites. Toluene, 1,2,4 -
trimenthybenzene, benzene, m/p - xylene, and 2,2,4 - trimethylpentane head the list of these
hydrocarbons. Of the carbonyls, formaldehyde, is the most prevalent. This is due to the fact that
formaldehyde is both directly emitted to the atmosphere from industrial activities and mobile
sources (a source of many toxic air pollutants), and is one of the most common chemical reaction
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products of VOC photochemistry. It is important to note that all of the sites, no matter how
remote, record low to moderate levels of these pollutants.
Table 4. The average summer (June - August) concentration (ppbC) often toxic organic
compounds (TOC) measured at the eight New England PAMS sites during 1995.
TQC Cape E.
Formaldehyde** na
Acetaldehyde** na
Toluene 1.6
m,p-Xylene 0.7
Benzene 0.8
Propylene*** 0.5
1,2,4-TriMB 0.2
o-Xylene 0.2
p - Ethyltoluene
2,2,4-TriMP 0.6
Newburv Lvnn
na
na
3.2
1.4
1.3
0.9
1.6
0.9
0.5
1.4
3.3
0.8
5.3
2.9
1.3
1.0
1.4
1.2
1.2
1.7
PAMS Sites
E. Prov.* E. Hart.
na
na
7.0
3.3
1.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
0.7
1.5
5.1
1.6
5.7
2.4
1.9
3.4
1.6
1.2
0.4
1.5
Staff. Spr. Ware
na
na
2.2
1.0
1.0
0.7
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.9
na
na
1.9
0.8
OQ
.8
1.2
1.5
0.4
0.5
0.9
Chicopee
4.3 (a)
1.9
5.2
1.6
1*5
.3
0.9
Of\
.9
Of\
.9
<0.9 0.6
It*
.3
* carbonyl data were not available.
** carbonyl data are available for the PAMS Type 2 sites only.
*** compound measured by the Urban Air Toxics Monitoring Program.
(a) data for June and August.
PAMS Measurements
The PAMS program measures a host of compounds. Table 5 provides a list of the
measurements made at PAMS sites. Many of these compounds are toxic, most others contribute
to the generation and accumulation of ozone. In addition, many of the measured compounds
contribute to the formation of complex organic aerosols and fine paniculate matter (PMf), which
will become the focus of additional national, regional, and local (integrated) air pollution controls
over the next decade. Changes in organic aerosol precursors will undoubtedly provide very useful
measures of the effectiveness of future fine particle control programs.
Table 5. Reported hydrocarbon, carbonyl, and other aerometric measurements at PAMS sites in
New England.
Hydrocarbon Compounds
Ethane 1-Butene 1-Pentene
Ethylene n-Butane n-Pentane
Acetylene trans-2-Butene Isoprene
Propylene cis-2-Butene trans-2-Pentene
Propane 3-Methyl-1-Butene cis-2-Pentene
Isobutane Isopentane 2-Methyl-2-Butene
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2.2-Dimethylbutane
Cyclopentene
2,3-Dimethylbutane
2-Methylpentane
3-Methylpentane
2-Methyl-l-Pentene
n-Hexane
trans-2-Hexene
Methylcyclopentane
2,4-Dimethylpentane
Benzene
Cyclohexane
2-Methylhexane
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
n-Heptane
Methylcyclohexane
2,3,4-Trimethylpentane
Toluene
2-Methylheptane
3-Methylheptane
n-Octane
Ethylbenzene
m,p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene
n-Nonane
Isopropylbenzene
n-Propylbenzene
m-Ethyltoluene
p-Ethylbenzene
1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene
o-Ethylbenzene
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
m-Diethylbenzene
p-Diethylbenzene
n-Decane
n-Undecane
TNMOC (HC)
Formaldehyde
Ozone
Wind Speed
Ultraviolet Radiation
Carbonvl Compounds
Acetaldehyde
Inorganic Gases
NO, NO2, NOx, NOy
Meteorological Measurements
Wind Direction
Barometric Pressure
Acetone
Solar Radiation
Humidity
S5
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Acid Rain Program
Atmospheric Deposition
Atmospheric deposition is composed of both wet and dry deposition. It includes acidic
deposition, deposition of toxic compounds and toxic trace elements, and the deposition of non-toxic
compounds including nutrients. Atmospheric deposition occurs throughout the year, although
weather patterns alter the seasonal amount and type of deposition.
Of all the components of atmospheric deposition, acid rain is probably the most commonly
known in New England. In this section most of the discussion will focus on acid rain, or acidic
precipitation, which includes acid rain and snow, acidic fog and ice. In addition to the discussion on
acid rain, there will be brief reports on dry deposition in New England and deposition of toxic trace
elements and toxic compound deposition.
Acid Precipitation
There are ten (10) acid precipitation monitoring stations in New England. These sites have
measured acid rain and acid snow on a weekly basis (Tuesday to Tuesday) since the early 1980's. The
longest continuous acid precipitation monitoring record in the United States is from a site located in
New Hampshire, the Hubbard Brook site, which was established in 1978. This site and the other nine
New England sites are a part of a national network of 200+ sites that compose the National
Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network (NADP/NTN). The NADP was
established in 1978 to provide a national network of sites to monitor trends in the chemistry of wet
and dry deposition throughout the United States. The NADP merged with the National Trends
Network in the early 1980's to form the NADP/NTN. The current national network is operated and
maintained by a consortium of federal and state agencies, private industry, and universities.
The New England map presented in Figure 1 depicts the approximate location of the 10
NADP/NTN sites in the region. The sites are equipped with a Belford 5-780 Universal Rain Gage,
and an Aerochem Metrics Wet/Dry Precipitation Collector. Most sites are located well inland, with
the exception of the Waltham/Boston, Cape Cod National Seashore, and Acadia National Park
monitoring sites, which are locate near the coast. Seasonal and annual differences in weather patterns
influence precipitation and chemical deposition patterns at the inland and coastal sites. Differences
in the annual and seasonal amount of precipitation measured at the seven New England sites, over
the past fifteen years are presented in Figures 2a and 2b.
The data presented in Figures 2a and 2b indicate that the amount of precipitation and seasonal
pattern of precipitation changes over time and by site. These patterns influence the concentration and
deposition of pollutants in precipitation. Inland sites generally record the most precipitation during
the summer (and fall), and the least precipitation during the winter. Coastal sites (Cape Cod National
Seashore, Acadia National Park, and Waltham/Boston), on the other hand, generally record more
precipitation during the spring. This is clearly evident during the late 1980's and early 1990's.
Over the past 15 years, the precipitation data collected at the New England NADP sites
suggest two multi-year intervals with enhanced precipitation. Two-year (paired) averaged data are
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presented in Figure 3. These data show enhanced precipitation in New England during the early
1980's and again during the early 1990's. Less precipitation fell during the period 1985-1988.
Precipitation Chemistry
Almost all forms of precipitation are efficient scavengers of pollution in the atmosphere.
Hence, the chemistry of precipitation reflects changes in the level of air pollutants in the atmosphere
and can be used to provide evidence of trends in air pollution. The NADP/NTN sites in New England
provide a unique view of changes in concentration of pollutants in precipitation that falls on New
England, in particular, acid rain.
Precipitation has complex chemistry. Both beneficial and harmful pollutants are present.
Acid precipitation illustrates this. In general, the dilute chemical constituents of acid precipitation are
composed of beneficial plant and soil nutrients and harmful acids, principally sulfuric and nitric acids.
Nitrates play several roles; they contribute to the acidity of the precipitation and to freshwater
acidification, and they can be a plant nutrient. As a plant nutrient they are important to New England
forests, but enhance the eutrophication of some New England coastal marine environments.
The following anions and cations are measured from precipitation samples sent to the
NADP/NTN central analytical laboratory:
anions cations
Sulfate (SO4) Hydrogen (H)
Nitrate (NO3) Calcium (Ca)
Orthophosphate (PO4) Magnesium (Mg)
Chloride (Cl) Potassium (K)
Sodium (Na)
Ammonium (NH4)
In addition to the anions and cations, the conductance of each sample (a secondary measure of ionic
strength) is also measured. Precipitation samples from all of the NADP/NTN collectors are shipped
every Tuesday to the Central Analytical Laboratory (CAL) at the Illinois State Water Survey for
analysis.
Spatial and Temporal Chemistry of Precipitation
Both concentration and deposition of beneficial and harmful constituents of precipitation are
environmentally important. In this section, the yearly deposition patterns (kg/ha) of key chemical
components of precipitation are presented for the 1979-1995 period. These include sulfate, nitrate,
chloride, and potassium ions.
Figure 4 presents the average composite yearly deposition of sulfates, nitrates, and chlorides
for the ten NADP/NTN sites in New England. Nitrate deposition, in New England, shows no
significant long-term increase or decrease in deposition over the period of record. The decrease in
the 1987-1988 may be attributed to lower precipitation. Sulfate deposition, on the other hand,
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significantly drops during the early 1980's and again during the 1990's. The decreased deposition
during the 1987-1988 period is attributed to reduced precipitation. However the long-term trend,
and the most recent declines in sulfate deposition cannot be attributed to changes in annual
precipitation.
The final series of figures provide sub-regional views of changes in precipitation chemistry
over the past 17 years. Coastal and inland sites show different patterns of deposition, over the years.
Chloride and potassium enrichment is evident at the coastal sites, indicative of precipitation that has
been influenced by sea spray. This enrichment is especially evident during 1983 and 1984 (Figure 5a
and 5b). Inland sites, on the other hand do not show similar patterns of chloride or potassium
enrichment. Sulfate, which is also a major constituent of seawater, is also enriched at coastal sites,
as noted at the Acadia NP site in Maine (Figure 6a). The Acadia site also records generally higher
deposition of nitrates than the other Maine sites (Figure 7a). This is somewhat unexpected, since this
site is located far from major point and mobile emission sources of nitrogen oxides in New England,
and ocean spray does not contain significant concentrations of nitrate.
The final set of figures indicates a south to north and west to east gradient of sulfate and
nitrate deposition (except in those instances where sea spray enhances sulfate deposition). As
expected the highest deposition of sulfate generally occurs west of Maine (Figures 6a-6c). The
highest nitrate deposition occurs at the New Hampshire, Vermont, and Quabbin Reservoir-
Massachusetts monitoring sites (Figures 7b and 7c).
The 1994 and 1995 precipitation chemistry data show no marked deviations from previous
deposition data for the New England sites, except in the case of sulfate deposition. Sulfate deposition
in 1995 showed a marked decline at every monitoring site except Acadia NP in Maine. The average
1995 sulfate deposition in New England was the lowest ever recorded during the 17 years of sulfate
deposition monitoring.
98
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10 National
Acid Precipitation
Monitor Sites
In New England*
Acadia National
Park 1981
ruro Cape Cod
ational Park
1981
* National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network
99
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Figure 2a. Changes in the amount of precipitation (cm) recorded during the
spring at three coastal NADP/NTN sites (bold line) and four inland sites in New
England.
Year
Figure 2b. Changes in the amount of precipitation (cm) recorded during the
summer at three coastal NADP/NTN sites (bold line) and four inland NADP/NTN
sites in New England.
Year
100
-------
Figure 3. Average amount of precipitation (cm) recorded for paired years for ten
NADP/NTN monitoring sites in New England.
Paired Years
Figure 4. Annual composite deposition (kg/ha) of nitrate (bold line) and sulfate
(dotted line) for the ten New England NADP/NTN precipitation monitoring sites
(1979-1995).
30
25
20
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5
10
en
h.
en
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CO
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CO
en
CO
en
eo
CO
en
00
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.
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Year
101
-------
Figure 5a. Deposition (kg/ha) of potassium measured at two coastal monitoring
sites (bold lines) and four representative inland monitoring sites in New England.
Year
w
f,
Figure 5b. Deposition (kg/ha) of chloride measured at two coastal monitoring
sites (bold lines) and four representative inland monitoring sites in New England.
Year
102
-------
Figure 6a. Deposition (kg/ha) of sulfate measured at the Acadla NP (bold line).
Greenville (dotted line), Caribou (solid line), and Bridgton (dashed line)
NADP/NTN monitoring sites in Maine.
M
25
10
S I i i i I I
S S
O) »
Year
Figure 6b. Deposition (kg/ha) of sulfate measured at the Hubbard Brook-NH (bold
line), Underhill-VT (dotted line) and Bennlngton-VT NADP/NTN monitoring sites in
northern New England.
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Year
Figure 6c. Deposition (kg/ha) of sulfate measured at the Truro-CCNS (bold line),
Waltham (dotted line), and Quabbin Reservoir (solid line) NADP/NTN monitoring
sites in Massachusetts.
M
Year
103
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Figure 7a. Deposition of nitrate measured at Acadla NP (bold line), Greenville
(dotted line), Caribou (solid line), and Brldgton (dashed line) NADP/NTN
monitoring sites in Maine.
M
M
»
id
l
6
4
:
:
i i i I
Year
Figure 7b. Deposition of nitrate measured at the Hubbard Brook-NH (bold line),
Underhill-VT (dotted line), and Bennlngton-VT (solid Una) NADP/NTN monitoring
sites In northern New England.
II
H
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
Year
Figure 7c. Deposition (kg/ha) of nitrate measured at the Truro-CCNS (bold line),
Waltham (dotted line), and Quabbin Reservoir (solid line) NADP/NTN monitoring
sites In Massachusetts.
104
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Region I:
Connecticut:
Maine:
Massachusetts:
New Hampshire:
Rhode Island:
Vermont:
AIRS-AO REGIONAL CONTACTS
Ms. Wendy McDougall
EPA, Region I
60 Westview Street
Lexington, MA 02173
(617) 860-4323
Mr. Victor Yanosy
Department of Environmental Protection
Air Monitoring Section
79 Elm Street
Hartford, CT 06106
(860) 424-3524
Mr. Leighton Carver
Department of Environmental Protection
State House Station 17
Augusta, ME 04333
(207) 287-2437
Mr. John Lane
Department of Environmental Protection
Division of Air Quality Control
Lawrence Experiment Station
37 Shattuck Street
Lawrence, MA 01843
(508)975-1138
Mr. Paul Sanborn
Department of Environmental Services
Air Resources Division
64 N. Main Street
Concord, NH 03302-2033
(603) 271-1387
Mr. John Cucco
Rhode Island Department of Health
Air Pollution Laboratory
Health Laboratory Building
50 Orms Street
Providence, RI 02904
(401)274-1011
Mr. George Apgar
Air Pollution Control Division
Agency of Environmental Conservation
103 S. Main St., Bldg. 3 South
Waterbury, VT 05676
(802)241-3842
105
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