1995 Annual Report
             on Air Quality
            in New England
                United States
    Environmental Protection Agency,Region 1
Office of Environmental Measurement and Evaluation
            Lexington, MA 02173

                 July 1996

         Ecosystem Assessment Branch

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         This document was prepared by:

        The Ecosystems Assesment Branch
                     And
               Judith Keefe, MTI
              Stephanie Muse, MTI
                Jim Fritz, ROW

       Further inquiries may be directed to:

               Wendy McDougall
  United States Environmental Protection Agency
                Region I, OEME
               60 Westview Street
             Lexington, MA  02173

The photograph on the Cover was taken by Sue Koski

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                             TABLE OF CONTENTS









INTRODUCTION	1




NATIONAL AIR QUALITY STANDARDS	3




1995 SUMMARY OF NEW ENGLAND NAMS/SLAMS (TABLE 1) 	4




HEALTH EFFECTS OF CRITERIA POLLUTANTS	5




NUMBER OF STATIONS VIOLATING NATIONAL AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (TABLE 2) ... 6




AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA INCLUDING STATIONS THAT EXCEED




  NATIONAL AIR QUALITY STANDARDS, WITH 5 YEAR TRENDS (TABLE 3)	7




ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS USED IN TABLE 3	9




1995 PRECISION AND ACCURACY DATA (TABLE 4)	84




REGION I 1995 PERFORMANCE AUDIT PROGRAM	87




REGION I NONATTAINMENT AREAS (MAP 1) 	88




PHOTOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT MONITORING STATIONS   	89




ACID RAIN PROGRAM AND UVB	96




STATE AND REGIONAL AIRS CONTACTS 	  105

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             1995 ANNUAL REPORT ON AIR QUALITY
                          IN NEW ENGLAND

    Tliis report represents 1995 annual air quality information for all states in New
England. The majority of the data included in this report were submitted to EPA
by the states from their ambient monitoring networks in accordance with 40 CFR
58. The only data from industrial monitors which have been included are from the
Massachusetts Industrial Network, EPA-required networks in New Hampshire and
Maine's licensing program which supplements the state network.

    This report is intended to list potential nonattainment  areas  for planning
purposes.  The majority of data used have been  evaluated and verified by EPA;
however,  for the  areas listed  as nonattainment, the data may require  further
evaluation by both EPA and the states.  This report reflects the status of the AIRS
database as of April, 1996.

    Table 1 is a summary of the status of the National Air Monitoring Stations
(NAMS) and the State/Local Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS) submitting data
to Region  I. This table lists the number of sites operating, the required number of
sites, the number of sites reporting precision and accuracy data, and the number of
sites not meeting EPA minimum data capture requirements. Following Table 1 is
a list of health effects of the criteria pollutants.

    Table 2 shows the number of stations violating the National  Ambient Air
Quality Standards (NAAQS) and the total number of stations reporting data during
1995.

    Table 3 lists, by state, a summary of criteria pollutant data from sites in each
state in New England, and from industrial sites in New Hampshire, Massachusetts,
and Maine. The information presented compares the measured values  to each
NAAQS; it includes the number of exceedances, the maximum and second high
values, and the annual means (arithmetic mean or average for SO2, PM10 and NO2).
For intermittent data, an annual mean is not valid  unless there are four valid
quarters. For PM10, 75% of the scheduled samples must be available for a quarter
to be considered valid.  For continuous data, 75% of the year must be available to
calculate a valid annual average.

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    Included with Table 3 are graphs of selected air quality monitoring sites which
show a five year span of data for PM10, Pb, CO, SO2, and NO2. For ozone, a graph
of the number of days exceeding the standard each year for the last five years is
used. Also included is a discussion of the compliance status for each pollutant, this
is located in the front of the individual state sections. In addition, state maps are
included which display pollutant levels and location of monitoring sites.

    Table 4 lists the precision and  accuracy data  submitted by the  six New
England states. The 95% probability limits for six criteria pollutants are given as
a network average for each state.

    The next page lists the results from the Region I audit program for O3, SO2 and
Particulates.  The results presented on a state-by-state basis give the number of
satisfactory, marginal, and unsatisfactory audits.

    Map 1 consists of three maps of the nonattainment areas in New England with
the last reported violation and the attainment and unclassified areas in which there
were recent violations of the NAAQS.

    A description of the Region 1 Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations
and program follows Map 1.

    The next section contains a description of the Acid Rain Program.

    Appendix A is a list of AIRS state and regional Air Quality Contacts, their
addresses and phone numbers.

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                             NATIONAL AIR QUALITY STANDARDS'*
Pollutant
Averaging Time
Primary Standards3
Secondary Standards0
S02
PM10D
CO

03E
NO2
Pb
Annual Arithmetic
Mean
24 hours
3 hours
Annual Arithmetic
Mean
24 hours
8 hours
1 hour
1 hour
Annual Arithmetic
Mean
Calendar Quarter
Arithmetic Mean
80 ug/m3
(0.03 ppm)
365 ug/m3
(0.1 4 ppm)
50 ug/m3
150 ug/m3
9 ppm
35 ppm
0.125 ppm
(0.05 ppm)
100 ug/m3
1.5 ug/m3
1300 ug/m3
(0.5 ppm)
Same as Primary
Standard
Same as Primary
Standard
Same as Primary
Standard
Same as Primary
Standard
Same as Primary
Standard
Same as Primary
Standard
Same as Primary
Standard
 A  National standards, other than those based on annual arithmetic means, are not to be exceeded more than
 once a year.

 B  National Primary Standards:  The levels of air quality necessary,  with an adequate margin of safety, to
 protect the public health.

 c  National Secondary Standards:  The levels of air quality necessary to protect the public welfare from any
 known or anticipated adverse  effects of a pollutant.

 D  PM10 replaced TSP as the ambient paniculate standard effective July 31,  1987, and includes only those
 panicles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than or equal to a nominal 10 microns.  Expected number of
 exceedances shall not be more than one per year (3 year average) as determined by Appendix  K of 40CFR
 Pan 50.

 E  Expected number of exceedance days shall not be more than one per year (3 year average) as determined
 by  Appendix K of 40CFR Part 50.

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                                            TABLE 1


                         1995 SUMMARY OF NEW ENGLAND NAMS/SLAMS



                                  01    ME    MA    NH   RI     vr           TOTALS

NAMS - National Air Monitoring Stations
 Number of NAMS Designated
 Monitors                          26     4      31      3       8      2             69

 Monitors NOT meet-
 ing EPA's minimum
 data capture
 requirements"                     604100             11

 Ave. completeness
 all NAMS monitors                 91%   96%   91%    93%    93%   97%          94%
SLAMS - State/Local Air Monitoring Stations
 Number of SLAMS Designated
 Monitors                          42     23     34     36     8      12            120

 Monitors NOT meet-
 ing EPA's minimum
 data capture
 requirements"                      402940            19

 Ave. completeness
 all SLAMS monitors                 97%   88%   94%    75%    82%    95%          89%
  Adjusted for seasonal monitoring and site start-ups and terminations

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Health Effects of Criteria Pollutants
Lead (Pb)

Lead causes retardation and brain damage, especially
in children. Lead also causes liver disease, interferes
with blood formation, the  nervous system and  the
renal system and can affect the normal functions of
the reproduction and  cardiovascular systems.   The
sources of lead pollution are motor-vehicle  exhaust,
lead smelters and battery manufacturing plants.
Ozone (Oj)

Respiratory tract problems such as difficult breathing
and reduced lung function may be caused by high
ozone  levels.    Ozone  also  causes  asthma,  eye
irritation,  nasal  congestion,  reduced  resistance  to
infection and  premature aging  of  lung tissue.   It
injures  vegetation,  and  has  adverse  effects   on
materials.    Ozone  is generally highest on sultry
summer  afternoons.    Ozone  is  formed  in  the
atmosphere by the reaction of nitrogen oxides,  and
hydrocarbons in the presence of sunlight.
 Nitrogen Oxides (NO,)

 The health effects of this pollutant include respiratory
 illness, lung damage.and increased airway resistance.
 It  may  make  one  more susceptible  to  respiratory
 infection.   Nitrogen  oxides can cause  edema (in
 concentrations of lOppm for 8 hours);  concentrations
 of 20-30 ppm  for  8  hours can produce  fatal lung
 damage. NOX also reacts with hydrocarbons to form
 photochemical  oxidants.   The sources of nitrogen
 oxides are: Motor-vehicle exhaust, heat  and power
 generation, nitric acid, explosives,  fertilizer plants,
 and combustion of fuels.
Carbon Monoxide (CO)

Carbon Monoxide acts in the bloodstream to deprive
the heart and brain of oxygen.  It impairs the ability
of the  blood  to  carry  oxygen,  and  affects  the
cardiovascular,  nervous,  and  pulmonary systems.
Moderate concentrations  significantly reduce brain
functions, and can cause angina.  Carbon Monoxide
is  caused by the incomplete combustion of carbon,
which occurs in motor-vehicles, and some industrial
processes.
Sulfur Dioxide
This pollutant causes respiratory tract problems, eye
irritation, and permanent harm to  lung  tissue.   It
combines with water  to  form  acid  aerosols  and
sulfuric acid mist which falls to earth as acid rain,
causing plant and structural damage, and acidifying
bodies of water.  Sources of sulfur dioxide include
heat  and power  generation  facilities,  combustion
processes that  use  oil  or  coal containing sulfur,
sulfuric acid plants, petroleum refineries and smelters
of sulfur-containing ore.
Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10)

This  pollutant  causes  eye  and  throat  irritation,
bronchitis, lung damage, and impaired visibility.  It
soils materials, causes corrosion, and acts as a carrier
of toxics adsorbed or absorbed in it.  Motor vehicle
exhaust, industrial processes, incinerators, heat and
power generation, steel  mills, smelters, demolition,
wood burning stoves, fugitive dust, and  plants are
sources of suspended paniculate matter.

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                                               TABLE 2
SO,
  Annual Primary
  24-hour Primary*
  3-hour Secondary*

EM,.
  Annual Primary
  24-hour Primary**
CO
   8-hour Primary*
   1-hour Primary*
                                  NUMBER OF STATIONS VIOLATING
                           NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
                                                 1995
                        Standard
              CT
ME
                                                          MA
NH
                                                       RI
                                           VT
80 ug/m3
365 ug/m3
1300 ug/m3
50 ug/m3
150 ug/m3
9 ppm
35 ppm
0/13
0/13
0/13
0/31
0/31
0/5
0/5
0/13
0/13
0/13
0/27
0/27

_.
0/22
0/22
0/22
0/17
0/17
0/9
0/9
0/11
0/11
0/11
0/13
0/13
0/2
0/2
0/3
0/3
0/3
0/7
0/7
0/3
0/3
0/2
0/2
0/2
0/6
0/6
0/2
0/2
1-hour Primary***      0.12 ppm       8/11      3/14


                      100 ug/m3      0/4       0/2
NO,
   Annual Primary
Ph
   Quarterly Mean
1.5 ug/m3       0/4
                                                           6/17
                                  0/14
                                                           0/8
                                             1/7
                      0/2
                                2/3
          0/3
                                                                                           0/2
                                                                  0/2
 * Unless the second highest average exceeds the NAAQS, there is no violation.

 ** Expected number of excecdanccs shall not be more than one per year (3 year average) as determined by
 Appendix K of 40CFR Part 50.

 *** Expected number of cxceedance days shall not be more than one per year (3 year average) as determined by
 Appendix K of 40CFR Part 50.

 x/y - x is the number of stations in violation.
   y is the total number of stations.
 — This pollutant is not monitored in the state.

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TABLE 3

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This page intentionally left blank.

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SITE ID        Site Identification number

POC          Parameter Occurrence Code -
               differentiates between monitors for a
               given pollutant

MT            Monitor type (1 =NAMS,
               2=SLAMS, 3=Other, 4=lndustrial,
               6,7,8=PAMS 0=Unknown, C=Non
               EPA Federal)
YR            Year

REP ORG     Reporting Organization

#OBS          Number of Observations

MAX 24-HR:   1ST    Highest 24-hour value
                       recorded in the year
        2ND   Second highest 24-hour
               value for  the year
        3RD   Third highest 24-hour
               value for the year.
        4TH   Fourth highest 24-hour
               value for the year.

 ARITHMEAN Arithmetic mean

 WTD ARITH MEAN Weighted arithmetic mean

 GEO MEAN    Geometric mean
               ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS USED IN TABLE 3

                                            OBS>35
 GEO STD
       Geometric standard deviation
 QUARTERLY ARITH MEANS:

       1 ST      First quarter arithmetic mean
       2ND      Second quarter arithmetic mean
       3RD      Third quarter arithmetic mean
       4TH      Fourth quarter arithmetic mean

 MEANS > 1.5   Number of quarterly means
                greater than  1.5 ug/m3 for lead

 MAX VALUES: 1ST    Highest 24-hour value
         recorded for the year (except Pb for
         Connecticut and New Hampshire, which are
         monthly values).
         2ND   Second highest 24-hour value
         recorded for the year (except Pb for
 Connecticut and New Hampshire, which are  monthly
 values).
 METH
 MAX 1-HR:
       Method
        1 ST    Highest 1 -hour value
        recorded in the year
2ND    Second highest 1 -hour
value recorded in the year
              Number of observations greater
              than 3 5 ppm for CO
                                            MAX 8-HR:    1 ST     Highest 8-hour value
                                                           recorded in the year
                                                    2ND   Second highest 8-hour
                                                    value recorded in the year

                                            OBS > 9       Number of 8-hour ave.  greater than
                                                           9 ppm for CO

                                            OBS > 365      Number of 24-hour ave. greater than
                                                           365 ug/m3 for SO2
                                            MAX 3-HR:     1 ST    Highest 3 -hour value
                                                            recorded in the year
                                                    2ND    Second highest 3-hour
                                                    value recorded in the year

                                            Obs > 1300      Number of 3-hour ave. greater
                                                            than 1300 ug/m3 for SO2

                                            NUM MEAS  The valid number of days
                                                    measured

                                            NUM REQ      The valid number of days in the
                                                            ozone season
                                             NUM OBS
               Number of Observations
SCHEDULED NUM OBS
               Number of observations scheduled

% OBS        Percent completed of number of
               observations scheduled

VALID DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM:
       Maximum hourly values for
        1ST    the highest day
       2ND    the second highest day
       3RD    the third hi ghest day
               4TH    the fourth highest day

VALS>.125:   MEAS  Number of measured
               daily maximum > 0.125 ppm
               EST    Number of expected
               violations

MISS DAYS ASSUMED < STANDARD
               Number of missing days assumed to
               be less than the standard

THE DATA IN TABLE 3 CONSISTS OF BOTH
STATE AND PRIVATE NETWORKS.

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This page intentionally left blank.
                                  10

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             1995 CONNECTICUT AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SUMMARY

There are five carbon monoxide (CO) monitoring sites in CT.  Of these sites, the Hartford Morgan
Street site exceeded the 8-hour standard once with a value of 10.1 ppm or 112% of the NAAQS.
This was the first time an exceedance occurred since 1992. The five-year trend graph shows that all
of the other sites are well below the standard and relatively stable.

There were no exceedances or violations of the quarterly lead (Pb) NAAQS at any of the five sites
in CT. The site with the highest values in the state was the New Haven Stiles Street site which had
a maximum quarterly average of 0.06 ug/m3 or 4% of the NAAQS. The Pb five-year trend graph
shows that Pb levels continue to remain very low.

Four sites monitored  for nitrogen dioxide (NO2)  in  1995.  None of which experienced  any
exceedances or violations of the NAAQS.  Bridgeport, East Hartford and New Haven reported values
of 48%, 34% and 50% of the NAAQS. The photochemical assessment monitoring station (PAMS)
in Stafford operates seasonal and had a seasonal arithmetic mean of 16% of the NAAQS. The five-
year trend graph shows that the NO2 levels for these towns has been constant.

All eleven ozone (O3) sites in CT had exceedances or violations of the NAAQS. The Madison and
Stratford sites had the most.  The Madison site also had the highest 1-hour second maximum value
of 0.165 ppm or  132% of the NAAQS.  In the past few years, the coastal ozone sites have been
reporting the most days over the NAAQS.

None of the  particulate matter less than 10 microns (PM,0) sites in  CT had  any exceedances or
violations of the annual or 24-hour standards in 1995. The Norwalk and the New Haven Corner of
Stiles Street sites reported the highest 24-hour second maximum values of 76 ug/m3 or  51% of the
NAAQS. These sites had annual arithmetic means of 64% and 52% of the NAAQS respectively. The
five-year trend graphs  show no discernable trends for PM10, except for the New Haven site which
shows a decrease in the concentration of PM10.

Thirteen sites monitored for sulfur dioxide (S02) in 1995. There were no exceedances or violations
of the annual, 24-hour, or 3-hour NAAQS.  The highest annual arithmetic mean was  reported at
Stamford at 30 ug/m3 or 38% of the NAAQS, while the lowest annual arithmetic mean was reported
at Mansfield at 8 ug/m3 or 10% of the NAAQS.  New Haven reported the highest 24-hour second
maximum of 100 ug/m3 or 27% of the NAAQS. The Bridgeport Congress Street  reported  the highest
3-hour second maximum - 163 ug/m3 or 13% of the NAAQS.  In general the five-year S02 trend
graphs show no discernable trends.
                                           11

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                                      HARTFORD
                                                           TOLLAND
                                                                                 WINDHAM
                                 COURTHOUSE 166 MORGAN 8TREE1
                                 HARTFORD
                                 7.0
   LITCHFIELD
                                   401 FLATBU8H AVENUE
                                   HARTFORD
                                   4J
                                                                            NEW LONDON
                                                 MIDDLESEX
                    NEW HAVEN
                                121 ElM STREET
                                NEW HAVEN
                                3.7
  FAIRFIELD
                    JASPER MCLEVV HALL STATE STREET
                    BRIDGEPORT
                    4.9
                       CONNECTICUT CARBON MONOXIDE

s LIBRARY M BROAD 8T STAMFORD CT
                       Second-highest eight-hour average carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in ppm for sites in Connecticut.  1 he
                       eight-hour CO standard is 9 ppm.

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              CONNECTICUT CARBON MONOXIDE
10
    91
                   Bridgeport Stamford Hartford New Haven
                    EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                             AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
CARBON MONOXIDE (42101)
p
0
SITE ID C
09-001-0004 1
09-003-0013 1
09-003-0017 1
09-009-0025 1
09-001-0020 1
H
T CITY
2 BRIDGEPORT
1 HARTFORD
1 HARTFORD
2 NEW HAVEN
2 STAMFORD

COUNTY
FAIRFIELD CO
HARTFORD CO
HARTFORD CO
NEW HAVEN CO
FAIRFIELD CO
CONNECTICUT

ADDRESS
JASPER MCLEVY HALL
401 FLATBUSH AVENUE
COURTHOUSE, 155 MORGAN S
121 ELM STREET
LIBRARY 96 BROAD ST ST
UNITS: 007 PPM
REP
ORG #OBS
001 8550
001 8671
001 8508
001 7485
001 8270
MAX 1-HR
1ST
7.5
6.5
17.3
7.0
9.5
2ND
7.0
5.6
13.6
5.5
7.6
OBS>
35
0
0
0
0
0
MAX 8-HR
1ST
5.0
4.8
10.1
4.5
5.5
2ND
4.9
4.5
7.0
3.7
5.4
OBS>
9
0
0
1
0
0

METH
011
011
011
011
011
                                  13

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  LITCHFIELD
                                          HARTFORD
                                 AETNA INSURANCE MAIHT OARAGE FLOWER 3T
                                 'HARTFORD
                                 0.0 j
                                  CITY HALL 740 MAIN STREET
                                  EAST HARTFORD
                                  0.0 X
                              MEADOW AND BANK
                           WATERBURY
                           00.4
                     NEW HAVEN
FAIRFIELD
ROOSEVELT SCHOOL P,
BRIDGEPORT
o.o a.
                                       STILES STREET
                                       NEW HAVEN
                                       ao*.
                                                                                           10
                                                                                          -T—
                                                                                          Miles
20
           CONNECTICUT LEAD
           Highest-quarterly average lead concentration (ug/in3) for sites in Connecticut. The quarterly average lead
           standard is 1.50 ug/m3.

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                                    CONNECTICUT  LEAD
    0.3
co"
E
2* 0.25
        0.2
    HI 0.15
    o  °-1
    ^
    •I 0.05
                                                                               NAAQS 1.5ug/m3
          o  '  L-
              91
                             Bridgeport  Hartford East Hartford  New Haven
                                    EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                                 AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
LEAD (12128)
p
0 M
SITE ID C T CITY


COUNTY


ADDRESS
CONNECTICUT UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25 C)
REP 	 QUARTERLY ARITH MEANS 	 MEANS MAX VALUES
ORG (WBS 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH >1.5 1ST 2ND
09-001-0010 1 2 BRIDGEPORT
09-003-1004 1 1 EAST  HARTFORD
09-003-0016 1 1 HARTFORD
09-009-0018 1 2 NEW HAVEN
09-009-2123 2 2 UATERBURY
09-009-2123 3 3 WATERBURY
                        FAIRFIELD CO ROOSEVELT SCHOOL  001   12   .01     .02     .02     .02      0   .03    .03
                        HARTFORD CO  CITY HALL         001   12   .01     .01     .01     .02      0   .03    .02
                        HARTFORD CO  AETNA INSURANCE MA 001   12   .01     .02     .02     .03      0   .04    .03
                        NEW HAVEN CO STILES STREET.    001   12   .06     .05     .04     .05      0   .10    .06
                        NEW HAVEN CO SHED MEADOW       001   12   .02     .02     .03     .04      0   .05    .03
                        NEW HAVEN CO SHED MEADOW       001   12   .02     .02     .02     .04      0   .05    .03
                                                      15

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                                                                , ROUTE 1«0,8HENIP8JT 8TA1^ FOREST
                                                               /STAFFORD

                                                              W '
flEFi
BHED CONGRESS 8TREE1
BHDOEPORT
0.0243
                                                                                           15     20
    CONNECTICUT NITROGEN DIOXIDE

    Annual average nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concenlration in ppni for sites in Connecticut. The annual average NO2

    standard is 0.05 ppm.

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                 CONNECTICUT NITROGEN DIOXIDE
 0.035
  0.03 -
 0.025 -
  0.02 -
 0.015
                                                                NAAQSO.OSppm
                                        J_
       91
                        92
  93
YEAR
                                                         94
                                                                         95
                         Bridgeport East Hartford New Haven
                       EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMAT ION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                  AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
NITROGEN DIOXIDE (42602)
                                    CONNECTICUT
                                                          UNITS: 007 PPM

SITE ID
09-001-0113
09-003-1003
09-009-1123
09-013-1001
? INDICATES
0
C
1
1
1
1
M
T
2
2
2
3

CITY
BRIDGEPORT
EAST HARTFORD
NEW HAVEN
STAFFORD
THAT THE MEAN DOES

COUNTY
FAIRFIELD CO
HARTFORD CO
NEW HAVEN CO
TOLLAND CO

ADDRESS
SHED CONGRESS STREET
HCAULIFFEE PARK
715 STATE STREET
ROUTE 190, SHENIPSIT STATE
REP
ORG
001
001
001
001
.
#OBS
8576
8539
8452
6451
MAX
1ST
.099
.076
.092
.058
1-HR MAX
2ND 1ST
.095
.074
.090
.057
24- HR ARIT
2ND MEAN
.024
.017
.025
.008?

METH
014
014
014
014
NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
                                      17

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                                                               ROUTE 190 8H6MIP8rr STATE FOHE!
                                                               STAFFORD

                                                                    *
                      UNIVERSITY HOAO
                      TOnniNOTON
                                            HARTFORD
                                                                 TOLLAND
                                                                                         WINDHAM
                                            MCAUUFFEE PARK
                                            EAST HARTFOBD
                                            I         *
      LITCHFIELD
                                                                                    NEW LONDON
                                                   CONN VALLEY H03P. SHEW HALL EASTt
                                                   MIOOLETOWN
                                                       MIDDLESEX
                        NEW HAVEN
TRAIIER W. CONNECTICUT STATE
DANBURY
                                        715 STATE STRI
                                        NEW HAVEN
                                                                                     UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT. AVERY POINT
                                                                                     QROTON
                                                                                     4
     FAIRFIELD
                                                               HAMMONASSET STATE PARK
                                                               MADISON
                                                               I
         SHED CONGRESS 8T
         BRIDGEPORT
                             U8CQ LIGHTHOUSE PROSPECT 8T
                             STRATFORD
                             7
                                    CONNECTICUT OZONE

                                    Number of ozone exceedance days for sites in Connecticut
GREENWICH POINT PARK
GREENWICH
I

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                              CONNECTICUT OZONE
                                                                                       95
                      Greenwich Stratford East Hartford Middletown Stafford
                           EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                        AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
OZONE (44201)
          CONNECTICUT
OZONE SEASON: APR 01  TO
             UNITS:  007 PPM
OCT 31
p
SITE ID C T CITY

COUNTY ADDRESS
* VALID DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM * MISS DAYS
ORG *HEAS REQ 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH MEAS EST * STANDARD HETH
09-001-0113
09-001-1123
09-003-1003
09-001-0017
09-011-0008
09-009-3002
09-007-0007
09-009-1123
1 BRIDGEPORT
2 DANBURY
1 EAST HARTFORD
2 GREENWICH
2 GROTON
2 MADISON
1 MIDDLETOWN
1 NEW HAVEN
09-013-1001 1 1 STAFFORD
09-001-3007 1 1 STRATFORD
09-005-0006 1 2 TORRINGTON
FAIRFIELD C
FAIRFIELD C
HARTFORD CO
FAIRFIELD C
NEW LONDON
NEW HAVEN C
MIDDLESEX C
NEW HAVEN C
TOLLAND CO
FAIRFIELD C
LITCHFIELD
                             SHED CONGRESS ST
                             TRAILER,  W. CONN
                             MCAULIFFEE PARK
                             GREENWICH POINT
                             UNIVERSITY OF CO
                             HAMMONASSET STAT
                             CONN. VALLEY HOS
                             715 STATE STREET
                             ROUTE 190
                             USCG LIGHTHOUSE
                             UNIVERSITY ROAD
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
208
204
203
212
206
205
206
211
213
213
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
.146
.157
.138
.145
.144
.175
.165
.128
.131
.164
.129
.121
.134
.128
.141
.140
.165
.154
.123
.127
.140
.119
.120
.110
.123
.136
.131
.157
.127
.119
.120
.135
.117
.109
.108
.114
.129
.126
.148
.126
.110
.119
.134
.111
1
2
2
5
4
8
4
1
2
7
1
1.0
2.1
2.1
5.0
4.1
8.3
4.1
1.0
2.0
7.0
1.0
                                                                      014
                                                                      014
                                                                      014
                                                                      014
                                                                      014
                                                                      014
                                                                      014
                                                                      014
                                                                      014
                                                                      014
                                                                      014
                                              19

-------
                            140 MAIN STREET
                            TORRINOTON
                            17.4
         LITCHFIELD
                                                     HARTFORD
                                 , CfTY HALL 740
                                  EASTHARTFr
                                  111
                    PUNCH BROOK ROAD AT FI3B PONDS
                    BURLINGTON

                    "•'               J
                    CfTf HALL 111 N. MAIN STREETl  .A.
                    BRISTOL             T~
                    18.1                 \
401 FLATBU8H AVENUE
HARTFORD
18.7                ""•"
       *x NORTHEAST UnUTIES CURTIS8
        NEW BRITAIN
        17.8
                      SHED MEADOW AND 6ANK STREET;
                      WATERBURY   *»
                                 V
                            s
     61» EAST MAIN 8T
     WATERBURY
     22.1
                                                                          WINDHAM
                                   HELCO400SHEL
                                   HARTFORD
                                                                                                                108 VALLEY ST
                                                                                                                1gs  UILLIHANTIC
                             NEW HAVEN
                if  CITYHALLt
                   MIDDLETOWN
                   117

   STODDAflb BUIUMNQ 186 MILLER STREET
   MFHtM-N 1

         *i       MIDDLESEX
                                                                  PACHAUO STATE FOREST VOUJNTOWN CT
                                                                  VOLUNTOWN           ^\i
                                                                  12.6                   >fr

                                                                  22 COURT HOUSE SQUARE
                                                                  NORWICH
                                                                                                                 NEW LONDON
I TRAILER W. CONNECTICUT STATE
I DANBURY
                                             46 SOUTH MAIN ST
                                             WALLINQFOnD
                                             17.2
                                                                          PERKINS ST TURN-AROUND..
                                                                          NEW LONDON
                                                                          17.1
             ; 22.0
             I
             i
       FAIRFIELD
    xx

' GREENWICH PONT PARK
\ GREENWICH
 \17.7
                                  715 STATE STREET
                                  NEW HAVEN
                    MYRTVEAVE
                    BRIDGEPORT
          HAMILTON AVE
          NEW HAVEN
          22.S
                                                                                              J
                 FIRE HEADQUARTERS ORAN6 AVENUE
                 NEW HAVEN
                ,21.3               ( ,
                                                                     CORNER OF STILES STREET t ALABAMA STREET
                                                                     NEW HAVEN
                                                                     26.8
                                                                    OROTON HIGHWAY OARAGE OFF BRANDEOEE AVE
                                                                    GROT ON
                                                                    18.7
                                 "EGAN CENTER MATHEW 8T
                                  MILFORD
                                  17 J

                        ROOSEVELT SCHOOL PARK AVE.
                        BRIDGEPORT
                        21.7

                                                                          10
                                                                         •n—
                                                                         Mites
                                                                                                                               IE
                                                                        20
                    M» AT WE STAVE
                    NORWALK
                    32.3

             1-85 AT BROOKSIDE DRIVE
             DARIEN
             22.3
CONNECTICUT PM,
       85S MAIN STREET
       STAMFORD
       tar
Annual average PM10 concentration in ug/in3 for sites in Connecticut. The annual average PM10 standard is 50
ug/in3.

-------
                  CONNECTICUT PM10
         YEAR

Bridgeport New Haven Waterbuty
                                       91
Bridgeport New Haven Watertxvy
              EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                         AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
PM-10 TOTAL 0-10UM (81102) CONNECTICUT
0 M REP NUM
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY ADDRESS ORG DBS
09-001-0010 1 BRIDGEPORT FAIRFIELD ROOSEVELT SCHOOL PARK
09-001-0015 1 BRIDGEPORT FAIRFIELD MYRTLE AVE
09-003-1001 2 BRISTOL HARTFORD C CITY HALL 111 N. MAIN
09-003-2001 2 BURLINGTON HARTFORD C PUNCH BROOK ROAD
09-001-1123 2 DANBURY FAIRFIELD TRAILER, W. CONNECTIC
09-001-1401 1 DARIEN FAIRFIELD 1-95 AT BROOKSIDE DRI
09-003-1004 2 EAST HARTF HARTFORD C CITY HALL, 740 MAIN
09-003-1005 2 ENFIELD HARTFORD C SHAKER ROAD
09-001-0017 1 2 GREENWICH FAIRFIELD GREENWICH POINT PARK
09-011-0006 1 2 GROTON NEW LONDON GROTON HIGHWAY GARAGE
09-003-0013 1 1 HARTFORD HARTFORD C 401 FLATBUSH AVENUE
09-003-0015 1 1 HARTFORD HARTFORD C HELCO, 400 SHELDON ST
09-003-0015 3 3 HARTFORD HARTFORD C HELCO, 400 SHELDON ST
09-009-4002 2 MERIOEN NEW HAVEN STODOARD BUILDING
09-007-1003 2 HIDDLETOWN MIDDLESEX CITY HALL, DEKOVEN DR
09-009-0010 2 MILFORD NEW HAVEN EGAN CENTER
09-003-0018 1 NEW BRITAI HARTFORD C NORTHEAST UTILITIES
09-009-0011 1 NEW HAVEN NEW HAVEN HAMILTON AVE
09-009-0013 1 NEW HAVEN NEW HAVEN FIRE HEADQUARTERS
09-009-0018 1 NEW HAVEN NEW HAVEN STILES STREET.
09-009-0021 3 NEW HAVEN NEW HAVEN CORNER OF STILES ST
09-009-1123 2 NEW HAVEN NEW HAVEN 715 STATE STREET
09-009-1123 2 2 NEW HAVEN NEW HAVEN 715 STATE STREET
09-011-0009 1 1 NEW LONDON NEW LONDON PERKINS ST TURN
09-001-2014 1 1 NORWALK FAIRFIELD 1-95 AT WEST AVE
09-011-3002 1 2 NORWICH NEW LONDON 22 COURT HOUSE SQUARE
09-001-8001 1 2 STAMFORD FAIRFIELD 653 MAIN STREET
09-005-6001 1 2 TORRINGTON LITCHFIELD 140 MAIN STREET
09-011-9001 1 2 VOLUNTOWN NEW LONDON PACHAUG STATE FOREST
09-009-4006 1 2 WALLINGFOR NEW HAVEN 45 SOUTH MAIN ST
09-009-2123 1 1 WATERBURY NEW HAVEN SHED MEADOW AND BANK
09-009-2123 2 3 WATERBURY NEW HAVEN SHED MEADOW AND BANK
09-009-3007 1 2 WATERBURY NEW HAVEN 519 EAST MAIN ST
09-015-1002 1 2 WILLIMANTI WINDHAM CO 108 VALLEY ST
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
50
55
56
51
56
51
59
59
52
56
53
50
51
54
50
55
14
53
48
53
001 343
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
21
50
55
55
52
53
53
56
56
55
44
54
54
55

SCHEDULED
NUM % NUM -
OBS OBS REQ
50
55
56
51
56
51
59
59
52
56
53
50
51
54
50
55
14
53
48
53
343
50
55
55
52
53
53
56
56
55
44
54
54
55

79
87
89
81
89
81
94
94
83
89
84
79
81
86
79
87
93
84
76
84
94
79
87
87
83
84
84
89
89
87
70
86
86
87

63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
15
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63

UNITS: 001 UG/
---MAXIMUM VALUES-
1ST 2ND 3RD
71
81
55
30
69
56
64
53
53
68
56
56
45
60
64
62
36
67
70
86
77
56
71
59
84
66
68
52
59
60
72
62
63
40

57
64
39
27
52
44
43
35
34
47
43
45
43
41
40
45
33
52
53
74
76
46
56
42
76
41
38
36
37
42
58
58
53
38

43
61
38
25
41
37
40
35
34
33
36
43
43
40
36
34
28
48
44
69
72
39
55
32
65
35
36
34
30
36
56
46
49
34

CU MET
4TH M
38
60
34
22
39
37
35
30
31
32
35
41
38
37
35
32
26
38
35
69
71
37
51
31
65
32
35
33
27
32
43
45
43
31

ER (25 C)
WTD
ULS > 150 ARITH
EAS EST MEAN METH
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

22? 062
29 062
16 062
12? 062
22? 079
22? 062
18 062
14 062
18 062
17 062
17 062
20 062
21? 062
19? 062
19? 062
17 062
18? 062
22? 062
21? 062
32? 062
26 079
21? 062
23 062
17 062
32? 062
18? 062
21? 062
17 062
13 062
17 062
24? 062
24 062
22 062
16 062


-------
(->
M
                                                     T
                                                                       .;<
                                                                     HARTFORD
                             LITCHFIELD
                             TRAILER W.CONN
                             OANBOHY

                            *»»
                            FAIRFIELD
                                                        SHED MEADOW
                                                        WATERBURY
                                                        1U
                                                NEW HAVEN
                                              STATE UNIVERSITY
                                                                                                               NORTH FRONTAGE ROAD
                                                                                                               MANSFIELD
                                    CORNER OF SHELDON ST. AND COLUMBUS BLVD
                                    HARTFORD

                                                         - *

                                           86 HIGH STREET EAST HARTFORD
                                           EAST HARTFORD
                                           13.4
                                                                                           NEW LONDON
                                                                                                   FIRE HEADQUARTERS  »
                                                                                                   QROTON
                                                                                                   12.5             )

                           SHED CONGRESS STREET
                           BRIDGEPORT
                           16.2
                                                                                                                                         .!
                                                 116 BOSTON TERRACE
                                                 BRIDGEPORT
                                                 17.4
        - HILLANDALE AVENUE
        STAMFORD
        295
' GREENWICH POINT PARK
 GREENWICH
 11.0
CONNECTICUT SULFUR DIOXIDE



Annual average sulfur dioxide (S02) concentration in ug/m3 for sites in Connecticut. The annual average
standard is 80 ug/m3.
                                                                                                                                          S0

-------
                    CONNECTICUT SULFUR DIOXIDE
                                              35
Bridgeport Stamford Danbury New Haven Waterbury Groton
  I     +   *      .      go
                                              Bridgeport Stamford Danbury New Haven Waterbury Groton

                                                •     4-    *    *     BO
                         EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                    AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
SULFUR DIOXIDE (42401)
  P
                                       CONNECTICUT
                                                               UNITS: 001
                                                            OBS
UG/CU METER (25 C)
 OBS
0
SITE ID C
09-001-0012 1
09-001-0113 1
09-001-1123 1
09-003-2006 1
09-009-1003 1
09-003-1005 1
09-001-0017 1
09-011-0007 1
09-003-1018 1
09-013-0003 1
09-009-1123 2
09-001-2124 1
09-009-2123 1
M
T CITY
2 BRIDGEPORT
1 BRIDGEPORT
2 DANBURY
1 EAST HARTFORD
2 EAST HAVEN
2 ENFIELD
2 GREENWICH
2 GROTON
1 HARTFORD
2 MANSFIELD
1 NEW HAVEN
2 STAMFORD
2 WATERBURY
COUNTY ADDRESS
FAIRFIELD CO 115 BOSTON TERRAC
FAIRFIELD CO SHED CONGRESS ST
FAIRFIELD CO TRAILER, W. CONNE
HARTFORD CO 85 HIGH STREET
NEW HAVEN CO ANIMAL SHELTER
HARTFORD CO SHAKER ROAD
FAIRFIELD CO GREENWICH POINT
NEW LONDON C FIRE HEADQUARTERS
HARTFORD CO CORNER OF SHELDON
TOLLAND CO NORTH FRONTAGE RO
NEW HAVEN CO 715 STATE STREET
FAIRFIELD CO HILLANDALE AVENUE
NEW HAVEN CO SHED MEADOW
REP
ORG #OBS
001 8254
001 8200
001 8081
001 8165
001 8342
001 8281
001 8195
001 8346
001 8291
001 8164
001 8222
001 8192
001 8308
MAX 24- HR >
1ST 2ND 365
115
98
66
88
97
55
72
64
82
39
137
93
80
73
90
51
61
60
44
61
46
54
36
100
84
51
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
MAX 3-HR >
1ST 2ND 1300
131
192
115
115
155
70
97
151
108
53
198
133
139
128
163
87
111
121
64
96
118
107
50
158
128
95
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
MAX 1-HR
1ST 2ND
204
202
157
123
165
89
105
204
110
60
233
149
168
204
191
121
115
152
86
102
202
110
58
202
136
141
ARIT
MEAN METH
17 020
16 020
11 020
13 020
10 020
10 020
11 020
13 020
14 020
8 020
21 020
30 020
12 020
                                         23

-------
This page intentionally left blank.
                                   24

-------
                 1995 MAINE AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SUMMARY
At the present time, ME is not operating any carbon monoxide (CO) monitors in the state.

ME has discontinued lead (Pb) monitoring in the state due to the extremely low lead concentrations
monitored over the past few years.

In 1995, two sites monitored for nitrogen dioxide (NO2).  Both Cape Elizabeth and Kittery are
photochemical assessment  monitoring stations (PAMS) and operate  seasonal.   Neither site
experienced any exceedances or violations of the NAAQS during  1995.  The  seasonal annual
arithmetic mean at Cape Elizabeth was 10% of the NAAQS, and Kittery was 16% of the NAAQS.
Levels have remained very low.

Half of the 14 ozone (O3) sites operating in ME had exceedances or violations of the O3 NAAQS in
1995. The Frisbee School, Navy Road and Ocean Avenue sites had the most. The Navy Road site
in Sagadahoc County had the highest 1-hour second maximum value of 0.139 ppm or 111% of the
standard.  O3 levels in ME have been fairly consistent over the past few years.

The Taylor Mountain site and the labonville site were the only Particulate Matter less than 10 microns
(PM10) sites which had exceedances of the 24-hour PM10 NAAQS. The Taylor Mountain Site had
a value of 164 ug/m3 or 109% of the NAAQS and the Lebonville site had a value of 162 ug/ni  or
108% of the NAAQS. There were no exceedances or violations of the annual standard in 1995. The
highest 24-hour second maximum value was reported at the Post Office site in Lincoln at 92 ug/m3
or 61% of the standard. Tukey's Bridge in Portland reported the maximum annual arithmetic mean
at 34 ug/m3 or 68% of the standard. It appears that PM10 levels in Presque Isle are declining.

There were no exceedances or violations reported at any of the 13 sulfur dioxide (SO2) sites in 1995.
The highest annual arithmetic mean was reported at the Post Office site in Madawaska at 25 ug/m3
or 31% of the NAAQS.  The  Shelter site in Madawaska reported the highest 24-hour second
maximum at 130 ug/m3 or 36% of the standard as well as the highest  3-hour second maximum of 301
ug/m3 or 23% of the standard.  The Riverside street  site in Presque Isle reported the lowest annual
arithmetic mean at 5 ug/m3 or 6% of the NAAQS as well  as the lowest 24-hour second maximum of
 19 ug/m3 or 5% of the NAAQS, and the lowest 3-hour second maximum at 34  ug/m3 or 3% of the
NAAQS.  The five-year trend graphs show that sites are well below the NAAQS and relatively stable.
                                             25

-------
                                   /  ]
                                 /      V.
                                                                      10   20   30  40  SO  60
                                                                             ssess
                                                                             MM
                        aCHOOU 0000806 ROAD
MAINE NITROGEN DIOXIDE


Annual average nitrogen dioxide (N02) concentration in ppm for sites in Maine. Hie annual average NO
standard is 0.05 ppm.
                                          26

-------
             No Sites with five years of data, therefore no five year chart.
                           EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                        AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM

NITROGEM DIOXIDE (42602)                     MAINE                      UNITS: 007 PPM
  P

SITE ID
23-005-2003
23-031 -3002
? INDICATES
0 M
C T
2 3
1 3
THAT

CITY
CAPE


ELIZABETH
KITTERY
THE
MEAN DOES

COUNTY
CUMBERLAND
YORK CO
NOT SATISFY

ADDRESS
CO TWO LIGHTS STATE PARK
FRISBEE SCHOOL
SUMMARY CRITERIA
REP
ORG
001
908


#OBS
5531
3592

MAX
1ST
.040
.048

1-HR MAX
2ND 1ST
.040
.044

24-HR ARIT
2ND MEAN
.005?
.008?


METH
075
014

                                              27

-------
                                                 •V        0
                                                23 CADILLAC SUMKT RO
                                             J.. BAflHAflBOB
                                              ACACXA NP. MACFARLANO HILL
                                              BARHAflflOfl
I
', OXFORD
                  \   > KENNEBEC

                  i   \
      ROUTE 5. NORTH LOVBJJ DOT
    -*- LOVELL
    ^ n
             NAVY ROAD
             PHppsauna
                        PpRTCU'DE. MARSHALL POMT UQKTHOOSE
    TWO UQHTS STATE PARK
    CAFE ELIZABETH

   SHELTER STTE-OXFORO 4 ELM ST
   PORTLANO
SCHOOL OOOOSOE ROAD
 MAINE OZONE
Number of ozone exceedance davs for sites in Maine.
                             28

-------
                                 MAINE OZONE
                                                                 NAAQS1 day>=.125ppm
      91
                           Cape Elizabeth Gardiner Kennebunkport
                         EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                     AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
OZONE (44201)
         MAINE
OZONE SEASON: APR 01
                                                 TO
            UNITS:  007 PPM
OCT 31
p
0 M
SITE ID C T CITY
23-013-0004 2 2
23-017-3001 1 3
23-019-4008 1 2
23-023-0003 1 3
23-031-2002 1 2
23-009-0101 1 2 BAR HARBOR
23-009-0102 1 3 BAR HARBOR
23-005-2003 1 2 CAPE ELIZABET
23-011-2005 1 2 GARDINER
23-021-0002 1 3 GREENVILLE
23-029-0019 1 3 JONESPORT
23-031-3002 1 3 KITTERY
23-005-0014 1 3 PORTLAND
23-025-2003 1 4 SKOUHEGAN
COUNTY ADDRESS
KNOX CO PORT CLYDE, MARS
OXFORD CO ROUTE 5
PENOBSCOT C SUMMIT OF RIDER
SAGADAHOC C NAVY ROAD
YORK CO OCEAN AVE/PARSON
HANCOCK CO AC AD I A NP MACFAR
HANCOCK CO 23 CADILLAC SUMM
CUMBERLAND TWO LIGHTS STATE
KENNEBEC CO PRAY STREET SCH
PISCATAOUIS GREENVILLE MUNIC
WASHINGTON JONESPORT
YORK CO FRISBEE SCHOOL
CUMBERLAND SHELTER SITE-OXF
SOMERSET CO S.D. WARREN
REP
ORG
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
908
001
102
*
*NUM
*MEAS
176
181
196
171
182
212
98
214
212
212
185
146
179
206
NUM
REQ
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
VALID
1ST
.140
.105
.108
.172
.159
.128
.134
.161
.102
.091
.119
.127
.110
.089
DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM
MAVTMA — — — — •-
2ND 3RD
.123
.093
.100
.139
.129
.119
.121
.116
.091
.087
.107
.127
.104
.088
.108
.071
.095
.110
.118
.105
.115
.116
.088
.079
.096
.126
.096
.088
4TH
.104
.071
.095
.107
.117
.104
.088
.107
.084
.075
.096
.103
.092
.078
*
VALS>.125 *
MEAS EST *
1
0
0
2
2
1
1
1
0
0
0
3
0
0
1.2
0.0
0.0
2.5
2.3
1.0
2.2
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.3
0.0
0.0
MISS DAYS
ASSUMED <
STANDARD METH
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
4
2
1
047
047
047
047
047
019
047
047
047
000
047
014
047
053
                                            29

-------
                                                   BIG DAOOrS RESTAURANT BOO
                                                ^•-« MAOAWASKA
                                                 1"
                                                   AROOSTOOK

                                              R REG OFF 58 CFNTRAL OR (SKYWAY MDPK)
                                              PRESQUEISLE
                                              12
                                               mVERSOE STREET PRESOUE ISLE
                                               PRESOUEISLE
                                               19
                                                       NORTHEASTLAin HOTEL-MAIN ST.
                                                       PRESQUEISLE
                                                                                 WASHINGTON    -$&
                                                                                                  ?^
                              . 10.6
                FARM SCHOOL MNKXEYJMAINE
               i  uaONVU£3- ROUTE A
               ir /
                    \  / TAYLOBMOUWAIM-1
  VIOAQ6 CBEEN - BOUTE w
        t'
          [OXFORD
  JEWELL PflbPERTY - CBASH ROAD
  JAY
  IS
                   BIRCH STREET
                   LEWISTON .
   UPPER RtOOE
   anooroN i
   9.0
                                     SHELTER SITE-OXFORD & ELM ST
    57 HRCH STREET - EAOL
    BWO6FORO'          \, T*

            \   YORK ^V

                         /
~1»V
          FROAO
 SOUTH PORTLAM)
 112
MAINE PM,,
Annual a\-erage PM10 concentration in ug/m3 for sites in Maine. The annual average PM10 standard is 50 ug/m3.
                                                      30

-------
120
                                      MAINE PM10

                                                    35
 20 -
 91       92       93       94      95
                YEAR

Madawaska Presque Isle Bridgton Portland Jay


   •       ^     ^    7i\  LZl
                                                        91
                                                        Madawaska Presque Isle Bridgton Portland Jay

                                                           •      +     *    X  B
                                                                                           95
                           EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM  (AIRS)
                                        AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
PM-10 TOTAL 0-10UM (81102) MAINE
P
0 M REP
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY ADDRESS ORG
23-011-0014 1 2 AUGUSTA KENNEBEC C RINES HILL
23-019-0002 2 2 BANGOR PENOBSCOT PUMP STATION
23-031-0005 1 2 B I DDE FORD YORK CO 57 BIRCH STREET
23-005-0002 2 3 BRIDGTON CUMBERLAND UPPER RIDGE ROAD
23-009-0201 1 3 ELLSWORTH HANCOCK CO 21 UATER ST
23-009-0202 1 3 ELLSWORTH HANCOCK CO 190 HIGH ST
23-007-0003 1 4 JAY FRANKLIN C JEWELL PROPERTY
23-007-0004 3 2 JAY FRANKLIN C BOMASTER PROPERTY
23-001-0011 1 2 LEWISTON ANDROSCOGG COUNTRY KITCHEN LOT
23-001-3002 1 3 LEWISTON ANDROSCOGG BIRCH STREET
23-019-1007 2 2 LINCOLN PENOBSCOT THOMAS MOT. TRA. PRK.
23-019-1012 1 4 LINCOLN PENOBSCOT PENOBSCOT RIVER
23-019-2003 1 4 LINCOLN PENOBSCOT POST OFFICE-50 FLEMIN
23-003-0013 2 2 MADAWASKA AROOSTOOK BIG DADDY'S RESTAURAN
23-017-0008 1 2 MEXICO OXFORD CO LABONVILLE'S-ROUTE#2
23-019-2009 1 2 MILLINOCKE PENOBSCOT YORK STREET-MILL
23-005-0014 2 1 PORTLAND CUMBERLAND SHELTER SITE-OXFORD
23-005-0015 1 1 PORTLAND CUMBERLAND TUKEY'S BRIDGE-BEAN
23-003-1005 3 2 PRESQUE IS AROOSTOOK NORTHEASTLAND HOTEL
23-003-1008 1 3 PRESQUE IS AROOSTOOK PI REG OFF 58 CENTRAL
23-003-1011 1 3 PRESQUE IS AROOSTOOK RIVERSIDE STREET
23-003-1011 2 2 PRESQUE IS AROOSTOOK RIVERSIDE STREET
23-017-2005 1 4 RUMFORD OXFORD CO TAYLOR MOUNTAIN- 1
23-017-2007 1 2 RUMFORD OXFORD CO VILLAGE GREEN-ROUTE#1
23-025-2001 1 4 SKOWHEGAN SOMERSET C HINKLEY FARM SCHOOL,
23-025-2002 1 4 SKOWHEGAN SOMERSET C EATON RIDGE-SCOTT PAP
23-005-0022 1 2 SOUTH PORT CUMBERLAND 130 WESCOTT ROAD
23-013-2001 1 2 THOMASTON KNOX CO MITCHELL PROP. -2 DEXT
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
EXCEPTIONAL EVENT DATA EXISTS IN AT LEAST ONE OF THE ABOVE
001
001
001
001
001
001
103
103
001
001
109
109
109
001
104
110
001
001
001
001
001
001
104
104
102
102
001
106

SITES
SCHEDULED
NUM NUM X NUM -
OBS OBS OBS REQ
64 61
62 61
59 59
53 53
44 44
41 41
113 113
117 117
59 59
31 31
62 59
61 60
176 176
58 58
181 181
62 59
61 61
57 57
235 235
116 116
95 85
105 105
59 59
181 180
61 61
57 57
60 60
118 118

97
97
94
84
86
80
92
95
97
67
94
95
96
92
99
94
97
90
86
94
91
97
65
98
97
90
95
96

63
63
63
63
51
51
123
123
61
46
63
63
183
63
183
63
63
63
273
63
123
95
91
63
63
63
63
123

BUT IS NOT INCLUDED
UNITS:
---MAXIMUM
1ST 2ND
102
52
50
30
108
92
58
52
58
43
35
34
139
81
162
41
69
88
78
41
71
38
164
113
36
40
44
67

83
51
33
22
61
65
40
49
46
36
33
24
92
56
54
38
49
86
65
38
60
30
40
46
33
34
29
55

001 UG
VALUES
3RD
63
49
31
21
54
59
35
34
42
34
32
24
75
51
52
37
35
73
58
33
50
30
37
39
30
22
29
53

/CU ME
4TH
47
37
31
18
53
45
33
31
41
31
28
23
73
45
42
36
35
72
56
31
43
29
35
38
26
22
28
45

•TER (25 C)
VALS > 150
MEAS EST
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

WTO
ARITH
MEAN METK
20? 063
20 062
18 064
9? 064
25? 063
17? 063
15 000
13 062
20? 064
20? 064
13 062
9 062
22 063
25 064
17 062
16 062
21 064
34 064
19? 079
12 063
18? 064
15? 079
13? 062
13 062
11 063
11 063
16 064
15 063

IN THE SUMMARY CALCULATIONS
                                               31

-------
                                                          US. POST OFFICE 430 EAST UMH STPEET
                                                          UAOAWA3KA
                                                                PORTABLE
                                                                MADAWA8KA
                                              HK3H SCHOOL-ST. THOMAS ST.
                                              MADAWASKA
                                              114
    TAYUDP MOUMTAJN-1
                           KENNEBEC
           /      ^ VWX3EC»EEN-«XJTE ilOS
                    RUMFORD
    i TAYLOR MOUMTAM4 1X0   \
     RUMFORO
                      COUNTRY NTCHEN LOT-CANAL
            CUMBERLAND
                           SHB.TER SITE-OXFORD t ELM ST
                           PORTLAND
                                                                                              50   60
MAINE SULFUR DIOXIDE


Annual average sulfur dioxide (S0:) concentration in ug/m3 for sites in Maine.  The annual average SO,

standard is 80 ug/m3.
                                                 32

-------
                      MAINE SULFUR DIOXIDE
                    NAAQS 365 ug/m3
Lewiston Madawaska Mexico Rumford Millinocket
  •     +    *    X<    B
                                                91       92       93       94      95
                                                              YEAR
                                               Lewiston Madawaska Mexico Rumford Millinocket
                      EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                  AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
SULFUR DIOXIDE (42401) MAINE
0 M REP
SITE ID C T CITY
23-001-0011 1 1 LEUISTON
23-001-3002 1 3 LEUISTON
23-001-2002 2 4 LIVERMORE FALL
23-003-0009 1 2 MADAUASKA
23-003-0012 1 4 MADAUASKA
23-003-1003 1 4 MADAUASKA
23-017-0011 1 4 MEXICO
23-019-2009 1 2 MILLIMOCKET
23-005-0014 1 1 PORTLAND
23-003-1011 1 3 PRESQUE ISLE
23-017-2005 1 4 RUMFORD
23-017-2006 1 4 RUMFORD
23-017-2007 2 2 RUMFORD
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES
COUNTY ADDRESS
ANDROSCOGGIN COUNTRY KITCHEN
ANDROSCOGGIN BIRCH STREET
ANDROSCOGGIN 10-12 MILLETT ST
AROOSTOOK CO PORTABLE SHELTER
AROOSTOOK CO U.S.POST OFFICE
AROOSTOOK CO HIGH SCHOOL -ST
OXFORD CO HUNT'S PROPERTY
PENOBSCOT CO YORK STREET-MILL!
CUMBERLAND C SHELTER SITE-OXFO
AROOSTOOK CO RIVERSIDE STREET
OXFORD CO TAYLOR MOUNTAIN- 1
OXFORD CO TAYLOR MOUNTAIN-2
OXFORD CO VILLAGE GREEN
NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
ORG #08S
001 8293
001 4309
103 1862
113 8314
113 8317
113 8320
104 8123
110 8684
001 8243
001 8639
104 2676
104 2716
104 8232

UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25 C)
OBS OBS
MAX 24-HR > MAX 3-HR > MAX 1-HR ARIT
1ST
59
72
75
132
126
205
39
56
64
19
71
44
59

2ND 365
53
64
68
130
111
68
38
54
57
19
50
42
58

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1ST
130
166
151
562
243
286
77
126
128
41
116
73
79

2ND 1300
126
150
129
301
242
253
70
126
110
34
98
67
79

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1ST
176
186
183
846
348
341
102
152
136
63
139
105
97

2ND MEAN HETH
168
181
176
765
346
309
86
149
134
45
115
84
94

11 060
13? 060
27? 060
23 060
25 060
12 060
16 009
9 060
15 060
5 060
16? 009
15? 009
13 009

                                        33

-------
            1995 MASSACHUSETTS AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SUMMARY

       Massachusetts maintains nine carbon monoxide (CO) monitoring sites in the Commonwealth.
Four sites are located in Boston (Kenmore Square, Visconti Street-East Boston, Breman Street-East
Boston, and the Federal Post Office Building), two sites are each located in Springfield (East
Columbus Avenue and Liberty Street) and in Worcester (Central Street and Franklin Street), and a
single site is located in Lowell (Old City Hall). No exceedance or violation of the one-hour or 8-hour
NAAQS for CO was recorded at any  of the Massachusetts CO monitoring site except for one
exceedence of the 8 hour NAAQS  (9.6ppm) at the Lowell Old City Hall site.  In general, the
maximum one-hour and 8-hour concentrations of CO decreased in 1995 when compared to 1994.
The Old City Hall, Lowell site showed  an increase in concentration from 1994 CO concentrations
for the one-hour and eight hour NAAQS, as did the Kenmore Square, Boston site and the East
Columbus Ave, Springfield site (for the  8-hour NAAQS). Yearly variability in CO concentrations
is evident from the recent five year data record (1991-1995), due in part to changes in meteorology
and emission source characteristics.  The data, except for those from Springfield, show a general
decrease in the concentration of CO over this period.

       Massachusetts maintains four lead monitoring sites, two each in Boston and Springfield. In
addition, three special study sites in Haverhill, Lynn, and Newbury were run in the first quarter of
 1995. During 1995 maximum lead concentrations at all sites were at or below 0.01 //g/m3, well below
the national standard.   These concentrations  were  less than 1% of the NAAQS for lead.
Concentrations of lead in the ambient air continue to decrease.

       Nitrogen  dioxide measurements  were made  at 14 monitoring sites through  out  the
Commonwealth.  The highest annual average concentrations were recorded in the Metropolitan
Boston area, Worcester, and Springfield.  The lowest concentrations were recorded at the rural sites,
Quabbin Summit and Newbury-Plum Island. The Kenmore Square and Breman Street monitors
recorded the highest average annual NO2 concentrations, 0.031 ppm and 0.027 ppm respectively.
Both rural sites recorded average annual concentrations of N02 of 0.007 ppm. NO2 concentrations
throughout the Commonwealth were generally lower than those recorded in 1994,. Yearly variability
for the Massachusetts average annual N02 data is small and no upward or downward trend is evident
for the sites, over the past five years.

        Seventeen ozone monitoring sites were operated and maintained during the 1995 summer
ozone season. Nine monitoring sites recorded ozone concentrations above the NAAQS for ozone.
Ozone concentrations recorded during 1995 were generally higher than those recorded in 1994. This
may be due to the lack of frequent summer thunderstorms which were common in 1994,  and to a
generally warmer summer season in  1995.  The highest ozone concentrations were recorded at the
Fairhaven (0.144ppm), North Easton (0.143ppm), and Truro (0.143ppm) monitoring sites. The other
 sites, which recorded maximum ozone concentrations above the NAAQS, were in the Connecticut
River Valley at Agawam (0.136 ppm) and  Chicopee (0.140ppm); in the central part of the state at
                                            34

-------
Quabbin Summit (0.138ppm); and in the eastern part of the state at Lynn (0.125ppm), Newbury
(0.125ppm) and Sudbury (0.125ppm). Over the most recent five years the maximum concentration
of ozone and the frequency of concentration in excess of the O3 NAAQS has fluctuated.  This has
been due to changes in the emissions of ozone precursors and changes in meteorology.

       There are seventeen (17) PM10 monitoring sites in Massachusetts. With the exception of the
Quabbin Summit and  Sudbury sites, all  of the  sites are located within urban  areas of the
Commonwealth. The highest annual average concentrations of PM10 were recorded in Springfield
(27 //g/m3), Boston-Charleston (26 /^g/m3), and Boston-Kenmore Sq. (26  //g/m3).  The highest
maximum and second highest maximum 24-hour PM10 concentrations were recorded at Springfield
(62 Afg/m3 and 49 //g/m3), and Boston (Breman St.-68//g/m3 and 52 yug/m3 and Charleston-72 /zg/m3
and 58 Mg/m3). In contrast the lowest average annual concentrations were recorded at Lawrence
(13//g/m3), Sudbury (13 /j-g/m3), and at the Quabbin Summit (11 Mg/m3)- Over the past five years
the concentrations of PM10 at the urban sites have recorded a lot of data variability.  The Boston-
Charleston and Worcester sites have shown a general downward trend in PM10 concentrations. The
other sites, excluding the non-urban sites have shown significant year to-year variability with no
apparent upward or downward trend visible.  The Quabbin Summit site has shown a general reduction
in the average annual concentration of PM10.

       Twenty-one SO2 monitoring sites were operated in Massachusetts during 1995. No
exceedance or violation of the  annual  or 24-hour (primary), nor the 3-hour (secondary) NAAQS for
SO2 was  recorded.  The highest short-term  (3-hour) SO2 concentrations were recorded  at the
Chelsea monitoring site  (708 jug/m3 and 558 Mg/m3 for the  1st and 2nd  maximum 3-hour
concentrations). The Chelsea  site also recorded the maximum 24 hour concentration of 229 //g/m3,
while the second maximum 24 hour concentration of 104 //g/m3 was recorded at the Stoneham site.
The lowest annual average SO2 concentration were recorded at the Quabbin Summit site in Ware (9
//g/m3) and at the Waltham (9 f^e/m3) site. The highest annual SO2 concentration were recorded in
Chelsea (20//g/m3),  South Boston and Dorchester (19//g/m3). All  SO2 monitoring sites  in
Massachusetts showed a slight to moderate decline in SO2 levels over 1994 and a general decline in
SO2 levels over the past five  years.
                                           35

-------
                                                                OLDaTYHAUMEHRIMACK STREET   ,
                                                                LOWELL         V      ••  '
      I
       BERKSHIRE
                              FRANKLIN
                                                    WORCESTER
                           HAMPSHIRE        l-|    J


                     HAMPDEN
 ,                                   . . EAST COLUMBUS AVENU

/                f                 ^ST™"

                           !  /   i intarvirmFFT PARKING UOT
                      	STREET FIRE STATION
                      WORCESTER
                      41

           EAST COLUMBUS AVENUE I
                                                                                    MO OREMAN STREET EAST BOSTON
                                                                                    •OSTON
VI8CONTI STREET EAST BOSTON
BOSTON
1.4

FEDERAL PO«T Off BUM MILK 4 OONOHES8
BOSTON
S.T

KENMORE SQUARE 680 COMMONWEALTH AVENUE
BOSTON
M
I  /   UBEirTYBTBEETfABKINQlOT
      8PRNOFIELO
      7.4
          0   6  10  15  20  25  30
                   ssss
                    Milet
5W4KUN STREET PAHMNfl
                            OBCE8TER

                 MASSACHUSETTS CARBON MONOXIDE
                 Second-highest eight-hour average carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in ppni for sites in Massachusetts.  The
                 eight-hour CO standard is 9 ppni.

-------
            MASSACHUSETTS CARBON MONOXIDE
9 -
                                                           - NAAQS9pm
   91
                                                                95
           Springfield Boston, Kenmore Sq. E. Boston,Breman St. Worcester
                   EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                            AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
CARBON MONOXIDE (42101) MASSACHUSETTS
P COUNTY ADDRESS
0 M
SITE ID C
25-025-0002 1
25-025-0016 1
25-025-0021 1
25-025-0038 1
25-017-0007 1
25-013-0016 1
25-013-2007 1
25-027-0020 1
25-027-0022 1
T CITYORG #OBS
2 BOSTON
2 BOSTON
1 BOSTON
1 BOSTON
2 LOWELL
1 SPRINGFIELD
1 SPRINGFIELD
2 WORCESTER
2 WORCESTER
REP
UNITS: 007 PPM
MAX 1-HR OBS>
MAX 8-HR OBS>
1ST 2ND 35 1ST 2ND 9 METH
SUFFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
MIDDLESEX CO
HAMPDEN CO
HAMPDEN CO
WORCESTER CO
WORCESTER CO
KENMORE SQUARE, 590 COMM
VISCONTI STREET
340 BREMAN STREET
FEDERAL POST OFF BLDG
OLD CITY HALL, HERRI MACK
LIBERTY STREET PARKING
EAST COLUMBUS AVENUE
CENTRAL STREET FIRE STAT
FRANKLIN STREET PARKING
001 7346
001 8348
001 8468
001 8181
001 8593
001 8565
001 8406
001 8359
001 8629
5.0
4.7
6.2
6.6
18.2
9.7
11.6
6.1
4.7
4.9
4.7
6.0
6.1
12.9
9.6
11.1
6.1
4.7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3.8
3.4
3.5
5.3
9.6
8.1
9.2
4.9
3.2
3.6
3.4
3.5
3.7
7.8
7.4
8.4
4.2
3.2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
067
067
067
067
067
067
067
067
067
                                 37

-------
                                                             WASHINGTON ST. (OONSENTHO SCHOOL)
                                                             HAVERHU.
                                                             0.008                    V,-./
                                                                                                    SUNSET BOULEVARD
                                                                                                    NEWBURY
                                                                                                    0.006
       BERKSHIRE*
                                                                                                     390 PAflKLAND AVE. (LYNN WATER TREATMENT)
                                                                                                     LYNN
                                                                                                     0.006
 I
                                                                                                     BARNSTABLE
                                                                                                                $~      I
                    HAMPDEN    /
                                  / 0.005
                                 W EAST COLUMBUS A'
                \                ~
\	1	
0   5   10   15  20  26  30
         i  i  "
          Mile*
              MASSACHUSETTS LEAD
              Highest-quarterly average lead concentration (ug/m3) for sites in Massachusetts.  The quarterly average
              lead standard is 1.50 ug/m3.

-------
                 MASSACHUSETTS LEAD
91
              Charlestown Boston, Kenmore Sq. Springfield
               EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                         AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
LEAD (12128)
P
0 M
SITE ID C T
25-025-0002 1 1
25-025-0027 2 1
25-025-0027 3 3
25-009-5005 1 3
25-009-2006 1 3
25-009-4004 1 3
25-013-0011 2 1
25-013-0011 3 3
25-013-2007 1 1
? INDICATES THAT

CITY
BOSTON
BOSTON
BOSTON
HAVERHILL
LYNN
NEUBURY
SPRINGFIELD
SPRINGFIELD
SPRINGFIELD
THE MEAN DOES

COUNTY
SUFFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
ESSEX CO
ESSEX CO
ESSEX CO
HAMPDEN CO
HAMPDEN CO
HAMPDEN CO
NOT SATISFY
MASSACHUSETTS

ADDRESS
KENMORE SQUARE
ONE CITY SQUARE
ONE CITY SQUARE
WASHINGTON ST
390 PARKLAND AVE
SUNSET BOULEVARD
59 HOWARD STREET
59 HOWARD STREET
EAST COLUMBUS AVEN
SUMMARY CRITERIA
REP
ORG
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001

UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER
	 QUARTERLY ARITH MEANS 	 MEANS
#OBS
30
28
26
7
5
3
29
29
30

1ST
.01
.01
.01
.01?
.01?
.01?
.01
.01
.01

2ND 3RD
.01
.01
.01



.01
.01
.01

4TH >1.5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

(25 C)
MAX VALUES
1ST
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01

2ND
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01

METH
803
803
803
803
803
803
803
803
803

                              33

-------
BERKSHIRE,
                            •*• LIBERTY •mEETPAnKMO
                            " tPnNOFKLD
                               9JK14
                                             WORCESTER
                                                                                                     •UNSET BOULEVARD
                                                                                                     NEWBUflV
                                                                                                     0.00*7
    MO PAIMAND AVI. (LYNN WMTEfl TREATMENT)
    LYNN
    urn

MOanEMANtTREET EAST BOSTON
BOSTON
On
KENMORE SQUARE MO COMMONWEALTH AVENUE
BOSTON
MM
MIA EAST RUST STREET

OJOJ17
SW CORNER OF BROOMME AVE • FRANCtS 8T
•ROOKUNR
•MM
                                            CENTRAL 8TBEET F«E STATION
                                            WOHCE8TEH
                                            um

          lm	'	•  /   |«»|«m(Wl«TFEL08TBEET.reED(NOHILL8
                    '•-    AOAWAM
                          EOI4I
  0   5   10   IB  20  25  30
            ••E"
             MUM
                                                          MO LONQWOOO AVE CHUDfltNS HOBPIT At
                                                          BROOKUNE
                                                          MtM
         MASSACHUSETTS NITROGEN DIOXIDE


         Annual average nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentration in ppin for silcs in Massachusetts. The annual average

         NO2 standard is 0.05 ppin.

-------
                MASSACHUSETTS NITROGEN DIOXIDE
   0.04
I 0.035 -
S
2 0.03 -
u5
•j* 0.025 -

uj 0.02 -

g 0.015

< 0.01 -

i 0.005 -
                                                                 NAAQS 0.05 ppm
         91
92
 93
YEAR
94
95
             Ware Boston, Kenmore Sq. Boston, Breman St. Chelsea Worcester
                         EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                   AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
  NITROGEN DIOXIDE (42602)
   P
                                      MASSACHUSETTS
                                                            UNITS: 007 PPM
SITE ID
25-013-0003
25-025-0002
25-025-0021
25-025-0035
25-025-0036
25-025-0040
25-021-0009
25-025-1003
25-013-0008
25-009-2006
25-009-4004
25-013-0016
25-015-4002
25-027-0020
? INDICATES
0
C
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
M
T
2
3
1
4
4
4
4
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
CITY
AGAUAM
BOSTON
BOSTON
BOSTON
BOSTON
BOSTON
BROOKLINE
CHELSEA
CHICOPEE
LYNN
NEU8URY
SPRINGFIELD
WARE
WORCESTER
THAT THE MEAN DOES
COUNTY
HAMPDEN CO
SUFFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
NORFOLK CO
SUFFOLK CO
HAMPDEN CO
ESSEX CO
ESSEX CO
HAMPDEN CO
HAMPSHIRE CO
WORCESTER CO
ADDRESS
152 SOUTH UESTFIELD STREET
KENMORE SQUARE, 590 COMMON
340 BREMAN STREET
300 LONGWOOD AVE CHILDRENS
SU CORNER OF BROOKLINE AVE
531A EAST FIRST STREET
RTE 9 AND CHESTNUT HILL AV
POWDER HORN HILL
ANDERSON ROAD AIR FORCE BA
390 PARKLAND AVE
SUNSET BOULEVARD
LIBERTY STREET PARKING LOT
QUABBIN SUMMIT
CENTRAL STREET FIRE ST
REP
ORG
001
001
001
030
030
005
030
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
DOBS
2483
7262
8479
4185
4177
8309
4179
8531
8588
8522
8405
8579
8475
8470
MAX
1ST
.060
.078
.086
.071
.100
.077
.066
.088
.091
.082
.046
.101
.069
.079
1-HR MAX 24-HR
2ND 1ST 2ND
.059
.078
.086
.069
.087
.076
.062
.080
.087
.082
.043
.101
.066
.071
ARIT
MEAN
.014?
.031
.027
.023?
.022?
.022
.022?
.023
.015
.016
.007
.022
.007
.021
METH
074
082
082
031
031
074
031
082
082
082
082
000
082
082
NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
                                       41

-------
                                                              HK3H STREET 8TOHROW PARK
                                                              LAWRENCE
                                                              0
     I MT. aREYLOCX I
     /ADAM,
   / BERKSHIRE  I {
                                                                        -\
                                                                  \x-./
                                                                  A
                                                                                               SUNSET BOULEVARD
                                                                                               NEWBURY
                                                                         ESSEX
                                                                   WO PARKLAND AVE. (LYNN/WATS* TREATMENT)
                                                                   LYNN
       AMHER8T
                       HAMPSHIRE
                  Ijy^
WORCESTER

    WATER ROW RD GREAT
    BUOBURY
  WORCESTER AIRPORT
  WORCESTER
  0
                                                                                      cS?^1
                                                                                         !H HORN HILL
BEAVER STREET
WALTHAM
0
                                  ANDERSON ROAD)

                    HAMPDEN    J"0
                IM SOUTH WE8TFIELD STREET. FEEWNO HILLS
                AAAtW AU      ^>v ,
                                                CEBASE
                AOAWAM
i
6  10  15  20 25  30
                                                                                                     POLKS STATION FW8T PAWSH flO
                                                                                                     FOX BOTTOM AHEA-CAFE COO NATL SEASHORE
                                                                                                     TRURO
                                                                                                     t
                                 MASSACHUSETTS OZONE

                                 Number of ozone exceedance days for sites in Massachusetts.

-------
MASSACHUSETTS OZONE
                                              95
Fairtiaven Newburyport Agawam Chicopee

                   -B-
 EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
           AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
OZONE (44201)
P
0 M
SITE ID C T CITY
25-003-4002 1 2 ADAMS
25-013-0003 1 2 AGAUAM
25-015-0103 1 2 AMHERST
25-025-1003 1 1 CHELSEA
25-013-0008 1 1 CHICOPEE
25-005-1001 1 1 EASTON
25-005-1005 1 8 EASTON
25-005-1002 1 2 FAIRHAVEH
25-009-0005 1 1 LAURENCE
25-009-2006 1 2 LYNN
25-009-4004 1 1 NEUBURY
25-023-2001 1 2 SCITUATE
25-017-1801 1 1 SUDBURY
25-001-0002 1 2 TRURO
25-017-4003 1 2 UALTHAM
25-015-4002 1 1 WARE
25-027-0015 1 1 WORCESTER
COUNTY
BERKSHIRE C
HAMPDEN CO
HAMPSHIRE C
SUFFOLK CO
HAMPDEN CO
BRISTOL CO
BRISTOL CO
BRISTOL CO
ESSEX CO
ESSEX CO
ESSEX CO
PLYMOUTH CO
MIDDLESEX C
BARNSTABLE
MIDDLESEX C
HAMPSHIRE C
WORCESTER C
MASSACHUSETTS
OZONE SEASON: APR 01 TO 01
*
REP *NUM HUM
ADDRESS ORG *MEAS REQ
MT. GREYLOCK
152 SOUTH WESTFI
NORTH PLEASANT
POWDER HORN HILL
ANDERSON ROAD
NORTH EASTON
1 BORDERLAND ST
LEROY WOOD SCH
HIGH STREET
390 PARKLAND AVE
SUNSET BOULEVARD
SCITUATE POLICE
UATER ROW RD
FOX BOTTOM AREA
BEAVER STREET
QUABBIN SUMMIT
WORCESTER AIRPOR
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
170
198
213
199
214
213
70
211
175
212
204
191
212
213
211
212
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
214
:T 31
VALID
1ST
.087
.136
.115
.112
.140
.143
.089
.144
.086
.125
.125
.106
.125
.143
.114
.138
.124
UNITS: 007 PPM
DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM
2ND 3RD
.086
.128
.112
.106
.128
.125
.078
.138
.081
.119
.113
.104
.113
.134
.108
.129
.118
.084
.111
.100
.095
.117
.125
.077
.120
.080
.110
.099
.102
.109
.131
.104
.123
.116
4TH W
.082
.107
.098
.095
.113
.122
.075
.115
.080
.109
.090
.098
.106
.121
.099
.115
.108
I
'ALS>.
IEAS
0
2
0
0
2
3
0
2
0
1
1
0
1
3
0
2
0
* MISS DAYS
125 * ASSUMED <
EST * STANDARD METH
0.0
2.1
0.0
0.0
2.0
3.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
1.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
3.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
0
2
0
4
0
1
0
3
7
2
4
4
0
1
1
2
0
047
000
047
000
000
056
087
087
087
087
087
047
047
056
087
087
000
                43

-------
       BERKSHIRE,
                                                                                         (  HIGH STREET STOflROWf
                                                                                         1  LAWRENCE    **&

                                                                                      /f'i"         1&

                                                                                     ' \       ESSEX


                                                                                         
                                                                                    IU
                                                                              MIDDLESEX
                             WATER BOW HO (MEAT MEADOW* MAT
                                                                           /
HAMPSHIRE    \
-------
                        MASSACHUSETTS PM10
30
   91
    SprtagfieW WTO Boston Charleston Worcester

      •   •  *    K     B
                                                91
Springfield Ware Boston Chartostown Worcester
                       EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                  AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
PM-10 TOTAL 0-10UM (81102) MASSACHUSETTS
p SCHEDULED
0 H REP NUN NUM X NUM -
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY ADDRESS ORG DBS OBS OBS REQ
25-025-0002 1 1 BOSTON SUFFOLK CO KENMORE SQUARE
25-025-0013 1 1 BOSTON SUFFOLK CO 115 SOUTHAMPTON ST
25-025-0012 2 3 BOSTON SUFFOLK CO 115 SOUTHAMPTON ST
25-025-0021 1 2 BOSTON SUFFOLK CO 340 BREMAN STREET
25-025-0024 1 1 BOSTON SUFFOLK CO 200 COLUMBUS AVENUE
25-025-0027 1 1 BOSTON SUFFOLK CO ONE CITY SQUARE
25-025-0027 3 3 BOSTON SUFFOLK CO ONE CITY SQUARE
25-005-3001 1 2 FALL RIVER BRISTOL CO CENTRAL FIRE STATION
25-009-0005 1 2 LAURENCE ESSEX CO HIGH STREET
25-017-3002 1 2 MEDFORD MIDDLESEX 100 TO 120 MAIN ST
25-005-2004 1 2 NEW BEDFOR BRISTOL CO YMCA, 25 WATER ST
25-021-0007 1 2 QUINCY NORFOLK CO HANCOCK STREET
25-013-0011 2 2 SPRINGFIEL HAMPDEN CO 59 HOWARD STREET
25-013-2007 1 1 SPRINGFIEL HAMPDEN CO EAST COLUMBUS AVENUE
25-013-2007 3 3 SPRINGFIEL HAMPDEN CO EAST COLUMBUS AVENUE
25-017-1801 1 2 SUDBURY MIDDLESEX WATER ROW RD
25-015-4002 1 2 WARE HAMPSHIRE OUABBIN SUMMIT
25-013-5003 1 2 WEST SPRIN HAMPDEN CO W. SPRINGFIELD
25-027-0013 1 2 WORCESTER WORCESTER 419 BELMONT STREET
25-027-0016 1 1 WORCESTER WORCESTER 2 WASHINGTON STREET
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001

59
55
38
55
34
59
31
56
59
52
58
53
58
58
57
58
109
58
52
49

59
55
38
55
34
59
31
56
59
52
58
53
58
58
57
52
109
58
52
49

94
87
60
87
54
94
49
89
94
83
92
84
92
92
90
83
89
92
83
78

63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
123
63
63
63

UNITS: 001 UG/
---MAXIMUM VALUES-
1ST 2ND 3RD
59
47
47
68
59
71
72
59
29
45
46
43
48
60
62
43
36
57
56
49

52
41
43
52
45
51
58
43
28
32
28
29
38
50
49
30
32
52
39
39

48
40
41
40
45
49
42
30
26
32
23
29
37
48
49
30
30
41
38
34

CU METI
4TH Ml
42
39
33
40
37
44
41
29
26
32
23
23
36
47
47
30
28
38
38
33

ER (25 C)
WTD
ALS > 150 ARITH
EAS EST MEAN METH
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

26 063
20 062
21? 062
21 063
26? 064
26 064
28? 064
16 063
13 062
17 062
14 062
15? 062
19 064
27 063
27 063
13? 063
11 062
20 063
19? 064
20? 064

                                        45

-------
                                                   HMH8TREET STORROW PA* ^f

                                                    "r          ..A  *
                                      WORCESTER
QUABBM SUMMIT
WARE
M
                                                              CHELSEA
                                                              ll.l
                                                              BEAVER STREET
                                                              WALTHAM   \
                                                                       V
                                                          MIDDLESEX
                                                            —-^^
                                                /K                 IKENMORE
                                    CENTRAL STREET FIRE STATION CdiTRAL ST.   J BOSTON
                                    lui-iru-f ATCQ              ^—,	1    f  19 J
          •—'   i»«HIU STREET SUBSTATION
               SPtWMFIELD
               1M
                                           BETWEEN OlOBE AND W1LCOX iTS. PARWNO U)T
                                           FAU. RIVER
                                           FAU. RIVER
6  10  15  20  25  30
                                                                                                         1« BREMEN 8THEET EAST BOSTON
                                                                                                         BOSTON
                                                                                                         16-4
                                                                                                         611A EAST FIB8T 8THEET
                                                                                                         BOSTON
                                                                                                         4§A
                                                                                                         LONOI81ANO BOSTON HABBOn
                                                                       ',  BRISTOL
                                                                       h
                                                                         ', 8HAHP810T
                                                                    OLOBE STREET!
                                                                    FAU RIVER   I
                                                                    ISA        '
MASSACHUSETTS SULFUR DIOXIDE
Annual average sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentration in ug/m3 for sites in Massachusetts.  The annual average SO2
standard is 80 ug/m3.

-------
               MASSACHUSETTS SULFUR DIOXIDE
180 -
 FsU River Lawrence Springfield Ware Boston Worcester

   •   4-    *   )K  B   O-
                                             91
                                                                        95
River Lawrence Springfield Ware Boeton Worcester
                     EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
SULFUR DIOXIDE (42401) MASSACHUSETTS
P
OM REP
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY ADDRESS ORG #08S
25-025-0002 1 1 BOSTON
25-025-0019 1 4 BOSTON
25-025-0020 1 4 BOSTON
25-025-0021 1 1 BOSTON
25-025-0021 Z 4 BOSTON
25-025-0040
25-025-1003
25-005-0010
25-005-1004
25-009-5004
25-009-0005
25-009-3003
25-009-1004
25-009-1005
25-013-0016
25-013-1009
25-017-1701
25-005-6001
25-017-4003
25-015-4002
25-027-0020
4 BOSTON
1 CHELSEA
4 FALL RIVER
1 FALL RIVER
4 HAVERHILL
1 LAWRENCE
4 MARBLEHEAD
4 PEABODY
4 PEABODY
1 SPRINGFIELD
1 SPRINGFIELD
4 STONEHAM
4 SWANSEA
1 WALTHAM
2 WARE
1 WORCESTER
SUFFOLK CO KENMORE SQUARE
SUFFOLK CO LONG ISLAND
SUFFOLK CO DEWAR STREET
SUFFOLK CO 340 BREMAN STREET
SUFFOLK CO 340 BREMAN STREET
SUFFOLK CO 531A EAST FIRST
SUFFOLK CO POWDER HORN HILL
BRISTOL CO BETWEEN GLOBE
BRISTOL CO GLOBE STREET
ESSEX CO NETTLE SCHOOL
ESSEX CO HIGH STREET
ESSEX CO WATER TOWER
ESSEX CO HILLTOP AT END OF
ESSEX CO PERKINS STREET
HAMPDEN CO LIBERTY STREET
HAMPDEN CO LONGHILL STREET
MIDDLESEX CO HILL STREET
BRISTOL CO SHARPS LOT ROAD
MIDDLESEX CO BEAVER STREET
HAMPSHIRE CO QUABBIN SUMMIT
WORCESTER CO CENTRAL STREET
001 7259
005 8338
005 8353
001 8688
005 8337
005 8353
001 8675
017 8686
001 8682
002 8596
001 8153
017 8677
026 8254
026 8469
001 8663
001 8655
025 8644
017 8618
001 8671
001 8704
001 8219
UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25 C)
OBS OBS
MAX 24-HR > MAX 3-HR > MAX 1-HR ARIT
1ST 2ND 365 1ST 2ND 1300 1ST 2ND MEAN
f "•
57
68
98
65
62
94
229
53
59
49
96
59
83
62
85
71
117
59
40
37
61
55
52
78
58
49
85
71
45
53
41
87
55
60
56
81
62
104
57
35
34
60
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
111
107
146
141
110
187
708
141
146
98
146
137
133
320
123
99
167
269
91
51
120
107
100
134
129
94
154
558
140
116
83
135
108
132
194
117
98
165
217
86
50
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
160
134
162
199
139
236
828
225
197
134
210
199
210
519
162
144
210
301
157
60
141
144
131
160
178
131
189
802
191
178
110
210
149
176
362
152
128
204
293
118
58
121
18
13
19
16
15
19
20
12
12
12
18
16
18
13
15
16
16
12
9
9
15
METH
000
060
060
061
060
060
077
009
077
009
000
009
009
009
009
060
009
009
061
060
060
                                    47

-------
This page intentionally left blank.
                                  48

-------
           1995 NEW HAMPSHIRE AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SUMMARY

      There were no exceedances or violations of the 1 hour at either of the 2 Carbon Monoxide
(CO) monitoring sites in the state.  The Nashua site reported an exceedance (11.5 ppm) of the 8 hour
NAAQS.  The highest second maximum  8 hour average at Nashua was 7.6 ppm or 84% of the
NAAQS. The five year trends show that CO levels are relatively stable.

      In 1995 New Hampshire discontinued Lead (Pb) monitoring, because air quality levels were
well below (= 0.1%) the Pb NAAQS and were at the lowest levels of method detection. In 1994
There were no violations of the quarterly Lead (Pb) NAAQS at any of the 5 sites in New Hampshire.
Keene and Portsmouth reported the highest Pb level with a maximum quarterly average of 0.02 ug/m3
or 1.5% of the NAAQS.  In 1994 no other site reported a maximum quarterly average which was
above 1% of the NAAQS.

      In 1995 Nitrogen Dioxide (NOj) monitoring was performed at 2 sites.  The site in Manchester
measured the maximum NO2 annual average of 13 ppb or 13% of the NAAQS.  There was a slight
decline in the five year trend line for NO2 with Manchester NO2 levels dropping from 16 ppb in 1991
to 13 ppb in 1995. Portsmouth also showed a similar decline in NO2 over the last five years.

      Of the 7 Ozone (O3) sites operating in New Hampshire, only the Rye Harbor site, with 3 days
above the O3 NAAQS, reported violations to the O3 NAAQS in  1995. The Rye Harbor site reported
the highest daily maximum values of 0.139 ppm or 116% of the standard.  Last year both the Rye
Harbor and Portsmouth sites reported one exceedance each.  In  1993 there was only one exceedance
at Rye Harbor and in 1992 there were no sites in New Hampshire reporting any exceedances.

      None of the 13 Particulate Matter (with a mass mean diameter of less than 10 microns) (PM10)
sites in New Hampshire had any exceedances or violations of the annual or 24-hour NAAQS for PM10
in 1995.  The highest 24 hour values were reported at Groveton (Northumberland) with a highest
second maximum value of 88 ug/m3 or 59% of the daily standard. All the sites were well below the
annual NAAQS.  The maximum annual average was in Berlin with a reported concentration of 37
ug/m3 or 74% of the NAAQS.  Over the  past five years all PM10 monitoring sites have recorded
paniculate matter concentrations below the annual and the 24-hour NAAQS. Yearly variability in
the data is common, in part determined by meteorology, transport of paniculate matter from distant
sources,  and changes in the emission strength of local sources. The five year trend graphs show very
slight downward trends for PM10 in Berlin, Manchester, and Portsmouth.

      There were no exceedances or violations reported at any of the 11 Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) sites
in 1995.  The highest annual arithmetic mean was reported in Manchester at 17 ug/m3 or 21% of the
NAAQS.  Pembroke reported the highest 24-hour second maximum  of 110 ug/m3 or 30% of the
standard, as well as, the highest 3-hour second maximum of 455 ug/m3 or 35% of NAAQS.  The SO2
five year data showed no significant trends.
                                        49

-------
                            \ HILLSBOROUGH
                                                         0   5  10  15 20 25 3
                                                                 s^
                                                                 MM
NEW HAMPSHIRE CARBON MONOXIDE
Second-highest eight-hour average carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in ppm for sites in New Hampshire.

The eight-hour CO standard is 9 ppm.


                                          50

-------
                         NEW HAMPSHIRE CARBON MONOXIDE
       —s 10
                                                                                          95
                                      Manchester, Bridge St. Nashua
                                 EPA AEROMETRIC  INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                             AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
 SITE ID
       CARBON MONOXIDE (42101)
         P
         0 M
         C T CITY          COUNTY
                                               NEW HAMPSHIRE
                                                                        UNITS: 007 PPM
             ADDRESS
                                   REP
                                   ORG #OBS
 MAX
1ST
-HR
  2ND
OBS>
 35
 MAX 8-HR
1ST    2ND
08S>
 9
METH
33-011-0018 1 2 MANCHESTER
33-011-1009 1 2 NASHUA
HILLSBOROUGH CO 20 BRIDGE STREET        0017856  21.0  11.0     0   8.6    5.9     0  011
HILLSBOROUGH CO 25 MAIN STREET, MATARAZZ 001  7183  18.0  16.0     0  11.5    7.6     1  011
                                                  51

-------

                                           •••V/t
                                                    I
                                                    .
                                                    1
                                      .f
                                       >
                                      1
                                             coos
                                                           VAUSHAN STREET
                                                           PORTSMOUTH
                                                           0.0122

                                                  ROCKINGHAM
NEW HAMPSHIRE NITROGEN DIOXIDE


Annual average nitrogen dioxide (N0:) concentration in ppm for sites in Ne\v Hampshire. The annual average

N0: standard is 0.05 ppm.
                                          52

-------
                        NEW HAMPSHIRE NITROGEN DIOXIDE
       0.02
     E
     Q.
     a.
     g
     i
       0.01
                                                                               NAAQS 0.05 ppm
                                                    _L
             91
      92                  93
                        YEAR

              Manchester Portsmouth
                                                                        94
                                                                                           95
                                  EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                              AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
 SITE ID
       NITROGEN DIOXIDE (42602)
         P
         0 M
         C T CITY          COUNTY
                                                 NEW HAMPSHIRE
                                                                           UNITS: 007 PPM
              ADDRESS
                                      REP
                                      ORG #OBS
         MAX
         1ST
1-HR
  2ND
 MAX
1ST
24-HR
  2ND
ARIT
MEAN
METH
33-011-0016 1 2 MANCHESTER
33-015-0009 1 2 PORTSMOUTH
HILLSBOROUGH CO HARNETT PARK, MUNICIPAL
ROCKINGHAM CO   VAUGHAN STREET
001  7690  .059
001  7529  .063
 .058
 .061
             .013
             .012
              014
              014
                                                   53

-------
                                    /».    '*»
                                S   wi
                      MERRIMACK
                                         RYE HARBOR STATE PARK OCEAN BLVD. 8TE.1A
                                         RYE

                                         '  ROCKINGHAM
                                                          t VAUGHAN STREET
                                                          I PORTSMOUTH
                                                           0
   JRAJLAOAD STREET g
 -" r9*  /
 \        *
f    CHESHIRE    \
                                     /r

                 SANoem ASSOCIATE* PARXMOIOTD
                 NASHUA
0  5  10  15  20  25  30
     ^^
         Mies
            NEW HAMPSHIRE OZONE


            Number of ozone exceedance days for sites in New Hampshire.

-------
                                     NEW HAMPSHIRE OZONE
                                      Manchester Nashua Portsmouth  Rye
                                    EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                                  AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
 SITE ID
        OZONE
P
0 M
C T CITY
                                           NEW HAMPSHIRE
                                 OZONE  SEASON: APR 01  TO
                                                 *
                          COUNTY
                                      ADDRESS
                                                       UNITS:  007 PPM
                                         OCT 31
                                           VALID DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM            * MISS DAYS
                            REP *NUM  NUM  	MAXIMA	  VALS>.125 * ASSUMED <
                            ORG *MEAS RED  1ST    2ND    3RD    4TH   MEAS  EST * STANDARD  METH
33-019-0003 1
53-013-0007 1
33-005-0007 1
33-011-0016 1
33-011-1010 1
33-015-0009 1
33-015-0012 1
    CLAREMONT
    CONCORD
    KEENE
    MANCHESTER
    NASHUA
    PORTSMOUTH
    RYE
                             001  205  214  .089
                             001  204  214  .084
                             001  203  214  .085
                             001  203  214  .101
HI Ub*»BWIXVrww n»»i»«—	          f.n^  •"»« /   *1C
HILLSBOROUG SANDERS ASSOCIAT  00   207  24  .115
ROCKINGHAM  VAUGHAN STREET    001  209  214
SULLIVAN  CO SOUTH STREET
MERRIMACK C STORRS STREET
CHESHIRE  CO RAILROAD STREET
HILLSBOROUG HARNETT PARK
                                           .123
ROCKINGHAM  VAUbHAN SIKCCI    «-•   ---  -••  --—
ROCKINGHAM  RYE HARBOR STATE  001   205  214  .139
.088
.082
.082
.093
.111
.117
.130
.087
.081
.080
.091
.108
.113
.130
.082
.079
.079
.088
.106
.094
.120
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.1
4
8
8
4
4
2
2
011
011
014
011
011
011
011
                                                         5 5

-------
                                         • ROUTES 110 AND 3 COVERED SPKttE QROVET

                                        t NORTHUMBERLAND       I


                                        i AJ        _*_   I
                                           GATES HLLRD
                                                        STRAFFORD^

                                                              CENTRAL AVEi
                                                               0  5  X)  15  20  25  30
                      *£?*"***
            \	**	J	

                          SUNDERS ASSOOATeS MHOM LOT D
                          NASHUA


NEW HAMPSHIRE PM10
Annual average PMlo concentradon in ug/m3 for rite, in New Hampshire. The annual average PM10 standard is


50 ug/m3

-------
                           NEW HAMPSHIRE PM10
  120
                         NAAQS150ug/m3
 .100 -
   80 -
I 60
ul
0) 40 H
                                     e
      91
             92
 93
YEAR
                             94
                 95
91
                                                                                   95
           Berlin Mawhester Portsmouth

                 +
                                                          Berlin Manchi
                                                 rPor
                          EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                      AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
PM-10 TOTAL 0-10UM (81102) NEW HAMPSHIRE
p SCHEDULED
0 H REP NUM NUM X HUM -
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY ADDRESS ORG DBS OBS DBS REQ
33-013-5001 1 3 HERRI MACK MT. SUNAPEE
33-007-0014 1 2 BERLIN COOS CO LANCASTER STREET
33-007-0014 2 3 BERLIN COOS CO LANCASTER STREET
33-007-0019 1 2 BERLIN COOS CO GATES HILL RD
33-019-0003 1 2 CLAREMONT SULLIVAN C SOUTH STREET
33-019-0003 2 3 CLAREMONT SULLIVAN C SOUTH STREET
33-013-0003 1 2 CONCORD HERRI MACK NO. STATE HOUSE
33-017-0001 1 2 DOVER STRAFFORD CENTRAL AVE
33-011-2001 1 2 HOLLIS HILLSBOROU RTE. 122. SILVER LAKE
33-005-0007 1 2 KEENE CHESHIRE C RAILROAD STREET
33-011-0015 1 1 MANCHESTER HILLSBOROU 351 CHESTNUT STREET
33-011-0015 3 3 MANCHESTER HILLSBOROU 351 CHESTNUT STREET
33-011-1007 1 2 NASHUA HILLSBOROU MAIN STREET
33-011-1010 1 2 NASHUA HILLSBOROU SANDERS ASSOCIATES
33-007-1007 1 2 NORTHUMBER COOS CO ROUTES 110 AND 3
33-015-0009 1 2 PORTSMOUTH ROCKINGHAM VAUGHAN STREET
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
001
902
902
902
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
902
001

52
41
33
41
54
54
55
54
56
55
55
56
56
53
49
56

52
41
33
41
54
54
55
54
56
55
55
56
56
53
49
56

83
87
70
87
86
86
87
86
89
87
87
89
89
84
78
89

63
47
47
47
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63

UNITS: 001 UG/
---MAXIMUM VALUES-
1ST 2ND 3RD
39
76
76
36
41
41
48
48
45
62
47
47
42
50
88
53

28
70
75
34
32
32
31
37
31
60
30
29
31
36
79
37

21
63
73
30
31
31
29
28
30
58
29
29
30
31
60
29

CU METI
4TH Ml
19
62
62
29
27
28
29
26
28
51
29
27
29
31
54
29

ER (25 C)
UTD
ALS > 150 ARITH
EAS EST MEAN METH
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

8? 064
33? 064
37? 062
13? 064
14? 064
14? 064
14? 064
15? 064
13? 064
19? 064
14? 064
14? 064
14? 064
14? 064
21? 064
15? 064

                                           57

-------
                                                        /
                                             1        \
                                           /
                                         '
                                                 coos
t                                             ROUTES 110 AND 1
                                             NORTHUMBERLAND
                                             154
                                                             BRIDGE 8ROVET
                                                  CATESHU.W
                                                  KM.
                                                  12.1-
—*     I
                                      • OrFHUTCHM* ST. TOWN Of SUCCiSS  '
                                    -' BERLIN
                                       tl
                                                               0   5   10   15  20  25  30
                        •ANOCMAMOCUTES MRKMQIOTO
                        NASHUA
                        u
NEW HAMPSHIRE SULFUR DIOXIDE


Annual average sulfur dioxide (SO:) concentration in ug/m3 for sites in New Hampshire. The annual average

S0: standard is 80 ug/ni3.
                                                58

-------
            NEW HAMPSHIRE SULFUR DIOXIDE
                                         8 -
91
                                            91
 Berttn Northumberland Manchester Nashua
  92     93      94      95
        YEAR
min-Hu -mil • Hariri ilr»j»r>li» *\tmr tltraahi ta
NOftnunrocnanu mancneoier nasnua
                   EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                              AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
SULFUR DIOXIDE (42401) NEW
P
Q u
SITE ID C
33-007-0019 1
33-007-0022 1
33-019-0003 1
33-013-0007 1
33-005-0007 1
33-011-0016 1
33-011-1009 1
33-011-1010 1
33-007-1007 1
33-013-1003 1
33-015-0009 1
n
T CITY
2 BERLIN
2 BERLIN
2 CLAREMONT
2 CONCORD
2 KEENE
1 MANCHESTER
2 NASHUA
2 NASHUA
2 NORTHUMBERLAND
2 PEMBROKE
2 PORTSMOUTH
COUNTY ADDRESS
COOS CO CATES HILL RD
COOS CO OFF HUTCH INS ST
SULLIVAN CO SOUTH STREET
MERRIMACK CO STORRS STREET
CHESHIRE CO RAILROAD STREET
HILLSBOROUGH HARNETT PARK
HILLSBOROUGH 25 MAIN STREET
HILLSBOROUGH SANDERS ASSOCIATE
COOS CO ROUTES 110 AND 3
MERRIMACK CO PEMBROKE HILL
ROCKINGHAM C VAUGHAN STREET
HAMPSHIRE
REP
ORG #085
902 8578
902 8080
001 7762
001 7834
001 7754
001 8163
001 7911
001 7844
004 7708
001 8134
001 7911
UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25 C)
DBS OBS
MAX 24-HR > MAX 3-HR > MAX 1-HR ARIT
1ST
74
26
34
40
71
89
54
63
106
147
56
2ND 365
71
23
33
37
67
81
40
42
94
110
46
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1ST
268
74
138
167
136
159
79
117
410
520
164
2ND 1300
258
71
88
155
114
154
77
114
225
455
139
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1ST
375
181
194
252
165
244
131
136
548
757
246
2ND MEAN METH
343
136
157
244
152
236
100
134
403
621
238
12 020
7 020
8 023
9 023
12 023
17 023
9 023
8 023
16 023
13 023
10 023
                                    59

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This page intentionally left blank.
                                  60

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             1995 RHODE ISLAND AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SUMMARY

       None of the three carbon monoxide (CO) monitors exceeded or violated the 1-hour or 8-hour
NAAQS. The Dorrance Street site in Providence reported the highest 8-hour second maximum value
of 7.0 ppm or 78% of the NAAQS. The photochemical assessment monitoring station (PAMS) in
East Providence operates seasonal and had a second maximum value of 1.0 ppm or 11% of the
NAAQS. The five-year trend graph shows that CO levels are relatively stable.

       Rhode Island has discontinued lead (Pb) monitoring in the state due to the extremely low lead
(Pb) concentrations monitored over the past few years.

       In 1995, three sites monitored for nitrogen dioxide  (NO2).  Two of these sites were
photochemical assessment monitoring stations (PAMS)  and operate seasonal. None of the sites
experienced any  exceedances or  violations of the NAAQS.   The Rockefeller Library site in
Providence  reported the highest  annual arithmetic mean  which was  0.022 ppm or 44% of the
NAAQS.  The five-year trend graph shows that N02 levels have remained stable.

       All three ozone (O3) sites experienced exceedances or violations of the NAAQS during 1995.
The Alton Jones site had the most as well as the highest 1-hour second maximum value of 0.136 ppm
or 109% of the NAAQS.  It appears that ozone levels have remained fairly constant over the past few
years.

       None of the particulate matter less than 10 microns (PM,0) sites in RI had any exceedances
or violations of the annual or 24-hour standards in 1995.  The Aliens Avenue site reported both the
highest 24-hour second maximum value which was 76 ug/m3, or 51% of the standard, and the highest
annual arithmetic mean which was 31 ug/m3 or 62% of the standard. The five-year trend graph shows
no discernable trends for PM10.

        Three sites monitored for  sulfur dioxide (SO2) this year.  There were no exceedances or
violations of the annual, 24-hour, or 3-hour NAAQS. Rockefeller Library in Providence reported the
highest annual arithmetic mean at  17 ug/m3 or 21% of the NAAQS as well as the highest  24-hour
 second maximum of 73 ug/m3 or 20% of the NAAQS.  Dorrance Street in Providence reported the
 highest 3-hour second maximum at 133 ug/m3 or 10% of the NAAQS. The five-year trend graphs
 show a slight downward trend.
                                       61

-------
               ROCKEFeUEH U8HABY, PROSPECT STREET,
               PROVIDENCE
               2J»
               PROVIDENCE
FRANCIS SCHOOL 84 BOURNE AVE
EAST PROVIDENCE
1.0
                             71DORRANCE STREET.
                             PROVIDENCE
                             7.0
                    WASHINGTON
                                                   234567
                                                       Miles
                                      WASHINGTON
RHODE ISLAND CARBON MONOXIDE


Second-highest eight-hour average carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in ppm for sites in Rhode Island. The
eight-hour CO standard is 9 ppm.
                                      62

-------
                            RHODE  ISLAND CARBON  MONOXIDE
                                  Dept. of Health  Dorrance St.
                                                             Rockefeller Lib.
                                           (All Sites in Providence)
                                   EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                                AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
 SITE ID
        CARBON MONOXIDE (42101)
          P
          0 M
          C T CITY          COUNTY
                                                  RHODE  ISLAND
                                                                            UNITS: 007 PPM
ADDRESS
                       REP
                       ORG #OBS
 MAX 1-HR
1ST     2ND
OBS>
 35
 MAX 8-HR
1ST     2ND
OBS>
 9
METI
44-007-1010 1  3 EAST PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE CO
44-007-0012 2  1 PROVIDENCE     PROVIDENCE CO
44-007-1009 1  1 PROVIDENCE     PROVIDENCE CO
FRANCIS SCHOOL, 64 BOURN  001 3994  2.7   1.7     0   1.0    1.0     0
ROCKEFELLER LIBRARY      001 7929  5.4   5.0     0   2.7    2.6     0
76 DORRANCE STREET       001 8242  12.0   10.2     0   7.7    7.0     0
                                   05'
                                   05.
                                   06
                                                        63

-------
                 PROVIDENCE
                     ROCKEFELLER UBRAHY PROSPECT STREET.
                     PROVIDENCE
FRANCIS SCHOOL M BOURNE AVE
EAST PROVIDENCE
0011
                         KENT
                       W. ALTON JONES CAMPUS UFd PArt(
-------
                             RHODE  ISLAND NITROGEN DIOXIDE
          0.026 -
        S2 0.024 -
        UJ
        X
        i
               _,
          0.022 -
           0.02
                                                                                     NAAQS .05 ppm
                                                         I
                 91
                                     92
                                                        93
                                                      YEAR

                                                  Providence
                         94
                                             95
                                    EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                                AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
         NITROGEN DIOXIDE (42602)
          P
RHODE ISLAND
UNITS: 007 PPM
SITE ID
0 M
C T CITY
COUNTY
ADDRESS
REP
ORG
#OBS
MAX
1ST
1-HR
2ND
MAX
1ST
24-HR
2ND
ARIT
MEAN
METf
44-003-0002 1 3               KENT CO        W. ALTON JONES CAMPUS URI   001 2776  .058   .038
44-007-1010 1 8 EAST PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE CO   FRANCIS SCHOOL, 64 BOURNE   001 3817  .050   .050
44-007-0012 2 2 PROVIDENCE      PROVIDENCE CO   ROCKEFELLER LIBRARY        001 7832  .077   .075
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
                                                  .004?  074
                                                  .011?  000
                                                  .022   035
                                                      65

-------
 PROVIDENCE
                                If. »^RUNCB SCHOOL M BOURNE AVE
        ROCKEFELLER UBRAHY PROSPECT STREET.  OW"/ EAST PROVIDENCE
        PROVIDENCE               \*. S  •  2

         KEA/7
W. ALTON JONES CAMPUS, URI PARKERF1EU5
WESTQREEN^ICH
      WASHINGTON
                                0123456789 10
                                                      ^
                       WASHINGTON
     RHODE ISLAND OZONE

     Number of ozone exceedance days for sites in Rhode Island.
                       66

-------
                         RHODE ISLAND OZONE
  10
   9 -
   7  -
   5 -
   4 -
>-  3 -
      NAAQS 1 day >= .1251
      91
92                93
               YEAR

     West Greenwich Providence
                                                        94
                                                                        95
                       EPA AEROHETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                 AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
OZONE (44201)
P
0 M
SITE ID C T CITY
44-003-0002 1 2
44-007-1010 1 8 EAST PROVIDEN
44-007-0012 1 1 PROVIDENCE
COUNTY
KENT CO
PROVIDENCE
PROVIDENCE
RHODE ISLAND
OZONE SEASON: APR 01 TO 0
*
REP *NUM HUM
ADDRESS ORG *MEAS REQ
U. ALTON JONES
FRANCIS SCHOOL
ROCKEFELLER LIB
001 206 214
001 189 214
001 198 214
CT 31
VALID
1ST
.157
.145
.138
UNITS: 007 P
DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM
2ND 3RD
.136
.131
.118
.133
.117
.113
4TH
.124
.113
.104
PM
*
VALS>.125 *
MEAS EST *
3
2
1
3.0
2.2
1.0
MISS DAYS
ASSUMED <
STANDARD MET)
7
6
11
05:
04;
OOI
                                      67

-------

                                    *
                                    1Z7 SOCIAL STREET ,
                                    WOONSOCKET
                                    174
                  PROVIDENCE
                       SUMMIT STREET SAURJNG SITE
                       PAWTUCXET
                                                    w-EAST PROV FIRE STATON NORTH BROADWAY
                                                  *^\ EAST PROVIDENCE
                       ROCKEFELLER UBRAHY, PROSPECT STREET
                       PROVDENCE
                       19.6
111 FOUNTAIN ST_
PROVDENCE
8IJ
              W. ALTON JONES CAMPUS URIPARKERF1ELD
              WEST GREENWICH
                     WASHINGTON
                                                  0123456789 10
                                                          as
                                                          MM
                                         WASHINGTON
RHODE ISLAND PM
                 •
Annual average PM10 concentration in ug/m3 for sites in Rhode Island. The annual average PM10 standard is 50

ug/m3.
                                         68

-------
                                             RHODE ISLAND PM10
                                                                      91
                                                                                                          96
                         Providence Pawtucket
                                                                               Providence Pawtucket
                                      EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL  SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                                    AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
 SITE ID
         PM-10 TOTAL  0-10UM (81102)
           P
           0 H
           C T CITY      COUNTY
ADDRESS
RHODE ISLAND                 UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25 C)
           SCHEDULED
   REP  NUM NUM %    NUM ---- MAXIMUM VALUES .....  VALS > 150
   ORC  DBS OBS DBS  REQ  1ST   2ND   3RD   4TH  MEAS   EST
                                                                             ARITH
                                                                              MEAN METH
44-003-0002 1 2           KENT CO    U.  ALTON  JONES CAMPUS
44-007-0008 1 2 EAST PROVI PROVIDENCE EAST PROV FIRE ST
44-007-1005 1 1 PAWTUCKET  PROVIDENCE SUMMIT  STREET
44-007-0012 1 2 PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE ROCKEFELLER  LIBRARY
44-007-0020 1 1 PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE ALLENS  AVE
44-007-0021 1 2 PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE 111 FOUNTAIN ST
44-007-4002 1 2 WOONSOCKET PROVIDENCE 127 SOCIAL STREET
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
50
56
58
57
59
58
54
50
56
58
57
59
58
54
79
89
92
90
94
92
86
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
57
66
79
78
78
67
60
37
46
69
67
76
46
40
30
36
52
39
72
39
37
27
35
43
35
55
39
35
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
13? 064
19 064
24 064
20 064
31 064
22 064
18? 064

-------
                          SUMMIT STREET SAMPLING SHE
                          PAWTUCKET          \
                          14J              \
             PROVIDENCE
                    ROCKEFELLER LIBRARY. PROSPECT SIHtkl
                    PHOVCENCE
                    17.1
                            7B DOIWANCE STREET
                            PROVIDENCE
                            1U
                                      J
                     KENT
                  WASHINGTON
                                             0123458789 10
                                                    E2S
                                                     Mies
                                    WASHINGTON
RHODE ISLAND SULFUR DIOXIDE

Annual average sulfur dioxide (S0:) concentration in ug/ni3 for sites in Rliode Island.  The annual average SO,
standard is 80 ug/m3.
                                    70

-------
                                  RHODE ISLAND SULFUR  DIOXIDE
                                                    95
                                                               30
                                                                                           NAAQS 80 ug/nd
                                                                                                      95
                  Providence, DOH  Providence, Dorrance St.
                                                           Providence, DOH Providence, Dorrance St.
                    Pawtucket
                               Providence, Rockefeller Lib.
                                                             Pawtucket
                                                                       Providence, Rockefeller Lib.
                                                                                         o
                                     EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                                  AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
 SITE ID
SULFUR DIOXIDE (42401)
  P
  0 M
  C T CITY          COUNTY
                                        ADDRESS
RHODE  ISLAND                UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER  (25 C)
                        OBS            OBS
    REP       MAX 24-HR   >    MAX 3-HR   >     MAX  1-HR   ARIT
    ORG #OBS  1ST   2ND  365  1ST    2ND 1300   1ST  2ND   MEAN  METH
44-007-1005 1 1 PAWTUCKET     PROVIDENCE C SUMMIT STREET      001 8390    71    63   0   154   124    0   183   149    14  000
44-007-0012 2 1 PROVIDENCE    PROVIDENCE C ROCKEFELLER LIB    001 7932    82    73   0   154   129    0   173   170    17  039
44-007-1009 1 1 PROVIDENCE    PROVIDENCE C 76 DORRANCE ST     001 8189    67    66   0   148   133    0   189   181    15  039
                                                          71

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This page intentionally left blank.
                                    72

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               1995 VERMONT AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SUMMARY

       During 1995 Vermont operated Carbon Monoxide (CO) sites in Rutland and Burlington. No
exceedance of the NAAQS for CO was recorded at either site.  The highest 1st and 2nd maximum
8-hour concentrations of CO were recorded at Rutland (5.0 ppm CO and 4.6 ppm CO, respectively).
The five year trend lines shows only small fluctuations on the second highs with levels between 50%
and 30% of the 8-hour NAAQS.

       Vermont is not required to measure the concentration of lead in ambient air. No measurement
data are available.

       Vermont operates two nitrogen dioxide (NO2) monitoring sites in the state.  One is located
in Rutland  and the  other is located in Burlington.  No exceedance of the NAAQS for NO2 was
recorded at either site. Historical data for the most recent five years (1990-1995) indicate that the
annual average concentrations of NO2 have remained relatively stable. The Rutland site ranged from
0.012 ppmNO2 to 0.015 ppmNO2, and the Burlington site ranged from 0.016 ppmNO2 to 0.018
ppmNO2. The maximum one-hour concentration of NO2, 0.070 ppm, was recorded at Burlington,
Winooski Avenue monitoring site.

       Neither of the two ozone monitoring sites in Vermont recorded one-hour concentrations of
ozone in excess of the NAAQS. The highest concentration of ozone, 0.099 ppm, was recorded at
the Bennington site.  The highest recorded concentration of ozone at the Proctor Maple Research site
was 0.087  ppm.  Vermont has recorded only one exceedance of the  1-hour ozone standard since
1988.

       Vermont maintains six monitoring sites that measure particulate matter (PM10).  The highest
24-hour concentration was recorded at the Burlington site,  which recorded at maximum 24-hour
PM10 concentration of 86 ug/m3. This site also recorded the highest annual average (weighted)
concentration of all Vermont sites,  21 ug/m3. This concentration is well below the  annual average
NAAQS for PM10 which is 50 ug/m3.  The lowest recorded measurements for PM10 were  recorded
at the Proctor Maple Research facility monitoring  site.  Maximum 24-hour concentrations were at
or below 36 ug/m3, and the annual weighted arithmetic mean was 11 ug/m3.  Over the past five years
all five PM10 monitoring sites have  recorded particulate matter concentrations below the annual and
the 24-hour NAAQS.  Yearly variability in the data is common, in part determined by meteorology,
transport of particulate matter from distant sources, and changes in the emission strength of local
sources. Lower annual concentrations are evident  for the Barre, Brattleboro, and Burlington sites.

       The monitoring sites at Burlington and Rutland also measure sulfur dioxide (SO2). No
exceedance or violation of the NAAQS for sulfur dioxide was recorded at either site.  The highest
24-hour average concentration of SO2, 73  ug/m3, was recorded at the Rutland site. This site also
recorded the highest 3-hour concentration, 155 ug/m3 SO2. In contrast, the Burlington site  recorded
a maximum 24-hour average concentration of 16 ug/m3  and a 3-hour maximum concentration of 48
ug/m3 SO2.  Five years (1990-1994) of historical SO2 data indicate a general decline in  SO2
concentrations in Burlington, but show a one year (1994) spike in SO2 concentrations in Rutland.
                                            73

-------
'.BENNINQT
1
1
;
i
i
\
\
ON \
— 1
/
WINDHAM S
/
i
i
%
>^
                                                               15  20  25  30
VERMONT CARBON MONOXIDE

Second-highest eight-hour average carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in ppm
hour CO standard is 9 ppm.
                 "                         "74
for sites in Vermont. The eight-

-------
                            VERMONT CARBON MONOXIDE
              91
                                         Burlington Rutland
 SITE ID
                              EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                         AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
       CARBON MONOXIDE (42101)
         P
         0 M
         C T CITY
                                            VERMONT
                                                                   UNITS: 007 PPM
50-007-0003 1 2 BURLINGTON
50-021-0002 1 2 RUTLAND
COUNTY
CHITTENDEN CO
RUTLAND CO
ADDRESS
ADJ. TO 82
PARKING LOT

S. UINOOSKI
ADJ. TO 9
REP
ORG
001
001
#OBS
8270
8687
MAX 1-HR OBS>
1ST 2ND 35
6.5
8.3
5.6
7.5
0
0
MAX 8-HR
1ST 2ND
3.3
5.0
2.5
4.6
OBS>
9
0
0
METH
067
067
                                                 75

-------
             V-^DJ. TO az s. WINOOSM AVBUE
              x. BUBUNQTON
.
.
: BENNINGTON


•
1
i






WINDHAM

X

i

i
•
\
•
«
S
.
%
\

VERMONT NITROGEN DIOXIDE


Annual average nitrogen dioxide (NO:) concentration in ppin for sites in Vermont.  The annual average N02

standard is 0.05 ppm.
                                            76

-------
                               VERMONT NITROGEN DIOXIDE
         0.018
                 91
                                              Burlington Rutland
                                   EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                                AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
 SITE ID
        NITROGEN DIOXIDE (42602)
          P
          0 M
          C T CITY           COUNTY
                                                  VERMONT
                                                                            UNITS: 007 PPM
              ADDRESS
                                      REP       MAX  1-HR
                                      ORG *OBS  1ST    2ND
                                              MAX  24 -HR
                                             1ST     2ND
ARIT
MEAN
METH
50-007-0003 1 2 BURLINGTON
50-021-0002 1 2 RUTLAND
CHITTENDEN CO
RUTLAND CO
ADJ. TO 82 S. UINOOSKI AVE  001 8017  .070   .068
PARKING LOT ADJ. TO 9 MERC  001 8653  .069   .067
.017
.013
074
074
                                                      77

-------
              PROCTOR MA«£ RESEARCH F
              BOLTON
IMWORTRO BENNMOTON VEMMWT
/•HNMTON
       VERMONT OZONE

       Number of ozone exceedance days for sites in Vermont.
                            78

-------
                                          VERMONT OZONE
                                                                                                   95
                                              Burlington  Bennington
                                     EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION  RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                                  AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
 SITE ID
         OZONE  (44201)

           P
           0 M
           C T  CITY
                                        VERMONT
                              OZONE  SEASON: APR 01
                                             *
               COUNTY
                         ADDRESS
                                          UNITS:  007 PPM
                         TO  OCT 31
                              VALID DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM            * MISS DAYS
                REP *NUM NUM  	MAXIMA	  VALS>.125 * ASSUMED <
                ORG *MEAS REQ  1ST   2ND    3RD    4TH   MEAS  EST * STANDARD METH
50-007-0007 1
50-003-0004 1
2 BENNINGTON
               CHITTENDEN
               BENNINGTON
PROCTOR MAPLE
AIRPORT RD
001
001
210
211
214
214
.087
.099
.085
.089
.083
.087
.082
.087
0
0
0.0
0.0
087
056
                                                         79

-------
                               \  LAMOILLE
                 CHITTENDEN
              I PROCTOR MAPl£ RESEARCH FARM
               BOLTON
                                   WASHINGTON
                ! BENNINGTON
                                                                                  \
                                                                      ESSEX
                                                                              J
                   .BRADFORD STREET BENNKflTON
                   XBENNMSTDN
               r'
               I
                               232 MAM STREET BRATTLEBORO
                               BRATTLEBORO
                               18.S
VERMONT PM,
Annual average PM10 concentration in ug/m3 for sites in Vennont.  The annual average PM10 standard is 50
ug/m3.
                                               80

-------
                                  VERMONTPM10
91
                                                      91
                                                                                          95
        Burlington Bane Brattteboro

          •   +    *
                                                              Burlington Barre Brattteboro
                       EPA AEROMETRIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL  SYSTEM (AIRS)
                                     AIR QUALITY  SUBSYSTEM
        PM-10 TOTAL 0-10UM  (81102)
          P
          0 M
SITE ID    C T CITY       COUNTY
                                        VERMONT                      UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25 C)
                                                   SCHEDULED                                       M™
                                           REP  NUM NUM X    NUM ----MAXIMUM VALUES ..... VALS > 150  ARITH
                                           ORG  DBS OBS OBS  REO  1ST   2ND   3RD   4TH  MEAS   EST   MEAN METH
50-007-0007 1 2 CHITTENDEN PROCTOR MAPLE
50-023-0003 3 2 BARRE WASHINGTON SOUTH SEMINARY STREET
50-003-0005 1 2 BENNINGTON BENNINGTON BRADFORD STREET
50-025-0003 2 2 BRATTLEBOR UINDHAM CO 232 MAIN STREET
50-007-0003 1 1 BURLINGTON CHITTENDEN ADJ. TO 82 S. UINOOSK
50-007-0003 2 3 BURLINGTON CHITTENDEN ADJ. TO 82 S. UINOOSK
50-021-0002 1 2 RUTLAND RUTLAND CO PARKING LOT
50-021-0002 2 3 RUTLAND RUTLAND CO PARKING LOT
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
001
56
58
56
58
61
61
61
60
56
57
56
58
61
61
61
60
89
90
89
92
97
97
97
95
63
63
65
63
63
63
63
63
36
46
42
45
86
84
55
54
26
42
39
40
45
44
45
43
24
37
33
37
44
41
44
43
23
31
30
36
43
41
43
36
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
11
19
17
19
21
20
21
20
062
062
062
062
062
062
062
062
                                           81

-------
                                                               ESSEX
           ;  CHfTTENDEN   S

           i                r-
         { CARWNQ LOT ADJ. TO 9 MERCHANTS
         / HUUANDCnY        /


        ; r\          *
WINDSOR   •'

           I
1
'.BENNINGT
i
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WINDHAM
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                                                               1
VERMONT SULFUR DIOXIDE



Annual average sulfur dioxide (S0:) concentration in ug/m3 for sites in Vermont. Tlie annual average S02


standard is 80 ug/m3.
                                         82

-------
                                     VERMONT SULFUR DIOXIDE
                                                            40 -
                                                                                                   95
                                                                           Burlington Rutland
                                    EPA AEROMETRIC  INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM  (AIRS)
                                                 AIR QUALITY SUBSYSTEM
 SITE ID
         SULFUR DIOXIDE (42401)
           P
           0 M
           C T CITY         COUNTY
                                                    VERMONT
           ADDRESS
                             REP
                             ORG HUBS
MAX 24-HR
1ST  2ND
    UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25 C)
OBS           OBS
 >   MAX 3-HR   >    MAX 1-HR  ARIT
365  1ST    2ND 1300  1ST  2ND  MEAN
METH
50-007-0003 1  1 BURLINGTON
50-021-0002 1  2 RUTLAND
CHITTENDEN C ADJ. TO 82  S. WIN  001 8251    16    16   0    48    31   0    68   52    4  000
RUTLAND CO  PARKING LOT       001 8435    73    73   0   155   149   0   181  165    14  060
                                                        83

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                   Table 4
       REGION I PRECISION AND ACCURACY DATA
     Limits
 Precision     Accuracy
 SATISFACTORY <±15%
                <±20%
 HIGH
 IHH^
 EXCESSIVE
±16% to ±20%  ±21 % to ±25%
>±20%
>±25%
          Acceptable 95% probability limits as established
            by the Quality Assurance Division of EPA
           PM10 Accuracy should be less than <±15%
     S02 PRECISION
        for 1995
   J	L
CT  ME  MA  NH   Rl   VT REGIONAL
                SO2 ACCURACY
                   for 1995
                                I
                             CT   ME  MA  NH  Rl  VT RE3IONAL
                       84

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PM10 PRECISION
     for 1995
PM10 ACCURACY
     for 1995
15
5
0
-5
-10
-15




—




























	



	





	
	

CT ME MA NH Rl VT REGIONAL
0

u

6
4
2

-2


















	


	


















	
	









	
































	


	



                                    CT   ME   MA   NH   Rl    VT REGIONAL
  O3 PRECISION
      for 1995
        NH    Rl   VT  REGIONAL
  O3 ACCURACY
      for 1995
                                 10
                                     J	L
                                                                _L
                                     CT   ME   MA    NH   Rl    VT REGIONAL
                              85

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CO PRECISION
    for 1995
          Rj   VT  flEGKMAL
CO ACCURACY
     for 1995
                                                 Rl   VT  REGCNAL
N02 PRECISION
     for 1995
       1 - 1 - 1
           «    VT  PEOONW.
N02 ACCURACY
     for 1995
                                 CT   tf   MA
                                                  Rl    VT  REGIONAL
                            86

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                       Region 11995 Performance Audit Program

       Region I conducts an audit program to assess the performance of Ambient Air Monitoring
Networks to provide operators of these Networks with technical assistance to maintain and improve
overall data quality. The audit procedures used in Region I are adapted from Volume II, of the U.S.
EPA Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurements. Gaseous pollutant audits are
conducted by introducing a known concentration of a specific pollutant (traceable to the National
Institute of Standards and  Technology, NIST) into the monitor's sample intake, recording the
response of the audited instrument, and comparing the instrument's response to the actual or known
concentration. Mass Flow and Volumetric Flow controlled instruments for Paniculate Matter less
than 10 microns in size (PM10) are audited by attaching a reference flow device to the monitor which
restricts air flow to a known rate. The known air flow rate is then compared with the rate of flow
indicated  by the sampler.  These on site performance audits are conducted by EPA Region I,
Ecosystem Assessment Branch in Lexington.  The total number of Audits have been significantly
decreased due to diminished travel funds and an agumented workload focusing on the PAMS
program.

       A total of 83 audits were conducted in the  six New England States on instruments that
measure Ozone (O3), Sulfur Dioxide (SOj), Paniculate Matter less than 10 microns in size (PM10) and
Carbon Monoxide (CO).

       Of the 39 O3 audits conducted in 1995, 36 passed, 3 were Marginal, and none failed. Region
I's O3 audits continue to focus on coastal O3 sites due to the concern that O3 may be transported up
the coast  and peak O3 levels are usually experienced  at these sites.

        Thirty-eight PM10 audits were conducted with no failures in  1995.  Of the 6 CO audits
 conducted in 1995, all passed.
                                            87

-------
                              Non-Attainment Designations
                                     as of April 1996
     Ozone
                                   PM-10
                                   Carbon Monoxide
'JO
00
                  —i.
                                                                             L
  Non-Attainment Status:
Part of County
                                              Whole County

-------
            Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations (PAMS)

       The enhanced ozone precursor monitoring initiative, known as the PAMS program, is one
of the most ambitious air quality monitoring programs ever attempted by the EPA and the States.
The overall purpose of this long-term (10+ years) is to monitor the changes in the atmospheric
concentration of ozone precursors and measure the effectiveness of current and future state and
regional ozone precursor control programs. In addition, the data produced by the PAMS program
should greatly enhance future ozone modeling capabilities, help fine-tune emissions inventories,
and provide measurements of toxic organic compounds that have been identified as Hazardous
Air Pollutants (HAPs).

       The PAMS monitoring network is required by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 in
ozone non-attainment areas that are classified as extreme, severe, or serious.  In general, there are
four different PAMS sites (Type 1 through Type 4) in each network, each of which serves a
different purpose within the network.  The Type 1 site measures ozone and its precursors upwind
of the major metropolitan area located in the ozone non-attainment area.  The Type 2 sites
measure ozone and its precursors immediately downwind of the metropolitan area, and are
optimally located to characterize the complex "fresh" emissions that emanate from the
metropolitan area.  These sites operate on the more intensive schedule than other PAMS sites,
and are capable of measuring a larger array of ozone precursors than other PAMS sites. The
Type 3 sites are located downwind of the metropolitan area, in the  region of maximum ozone
production. These sites generally record higher concentrations of ozone than upwind or near city
PAMS sites. In addition, because the ozone and its precursor emissions have traveled downwind
to these sites, the air masses arriving at these sites carry "aged" precursor emissions.  Further
downwind are the Type 4 sites, located far downwind of one or more metropolitan areas. These
sites measure the chemistry of extreme long-range transport (in New England).

        In the Northeast, non-attainment areas lay adjacent to each other, along the eastern
seaboard.  The abutting nature of these non-attainment areas and the common ozone and ozone
precursor transport across non-attainment areas, provide an opportunity to optimize the overall
New England PAMS network and link it with upwind PAMS sites and research sites to the south
 and west.  It is anticipated that the New England PAMS network will eventually contain as many
 as eighteen (18) PAMS sites.  Figure 1 presents the approximate location of existing and recently
 deployed PAMS sites in New England.

        Most PAMS sites, with some exceptions, measure 56 hydrocarbons (Table 5, located at
 the end of this section) on an hourly basis, twenty-four hours a day for the summer (June through
 August).  Hydrocarbon measurements are generally made using automated gas chromatography.
 At the Type 2 sites, carbonyl (aldehydes and ketones) are measured along with the hydrocarbon
 compounds. Composite samples of carbonyl are measured every three hours during the summer.
 All sites also measure ozone, oxides of nitrogen, and surface meteorological conditions on an
 hourly basis. As the PAMS program matures, additional measurements of upper air
 meteorological conditions will be made at key locations within New England as part of the PAMS
 network.  Currently, only one upper air monitoring site has been deployed in New England
 (coastal Connecticut).
                                         89

-------
Table 2, referred to under the section entitled "VOCs and
Ozone" on page 92, is actually Table 3 on the following page.

-------
               Addendum  Pams Figure 1
Photochemical Assessment

     Monitoring Stations

                (PAMS)
            in New England
                  1995
New Hampshire/Maine

14-Coastal NH (Typel)
15-Kittery,MECtype2)
16 - Cape Elizabeth, ME (Type 4)
17 - Acadia NP, ME (Type 4)
  (Proposed)
                I
         Massachusetts

        5 - North Easton (Type 1)
        6-Lynn (Type 2)
        7 - Newbury (Type 3)
        8-Truro(Type4)
        9 - Agawam (Type 1)
        10 - Chicopee (Type 2)
        11 - Ware/Quabbin Summit (Type 3)
               ,9
                 10
                    11
                    Connecticut
   Rhode Island
   12 - East Providence (Type 2)
   13 - West Greenwich (Type 1)
                    1 - Westport (Typel)
                    2 - East Hartford (Type 2)
                    3 - Stafford Springs (Type 3)
                    4 - New Haven (Type 2) (Proposed)

-------
       1993 was the first year PAMS ozone precursor data were collected in New England
during an entire summer.  Quality control, and quality assurance (QA/QC) procedures for several
PAMS instruments were under development in 1993, and few sophisticated computerized
methods of data transfer and data troubleshooting were available.  The field GCs proved
temperamental, producing data of questionable accuracy. Because of these circumstances, most
1993 PAMS hydrocarbon and carbonyl data have not been entered into any national data base.

       The 1994 and 1995 PAMS data have undergone much better QA/QC procedures,
although data management issues and Acts-of-God (lightning strikes and electrical outages caused
by storms) remain problems. In  1994, six PAMS sites operated throughout the summer, and
several others underwent field deployment. In 1995 eight PAMS sites were operational and three
additional sites were undergoing field deployment.  The eight operating PAMS sites included:
Cape Elizabeth, ME; Newbury/Plum Island, MA; Lynn, MA; Chicopee, MA; Quabbin
Summit/Ware, MA; East Providence, RI; Stafford Springs, CT; and East Hartford, CT.  Sites
undergoing field deployment included: Westport/Sherwood Island, CT; Agawam, MA; and
Easton/Borderland, MA.  These latter three sites were deployed as combination Type 1/3 sites
(Westport/Sherwood Island, CT and Easton/Borderland, MA) and a "stand alone" site (Agawam,
MA Type 1 site). The Kittery, ME Type 2 site suffered contamination problems and additional
start-up problems that nullified almost all of the 1995 data.  In addition to these sites, the Truro,
MA PAMS Type 4 site was deployed and operational as part of the North American Research
Study of Tropospheric Ozone - Northeast (NARSTO-NE) field study.  Table 1 presents a list of
the 1995 PAMS sites which were operational or near deployed.

Table 1. List of 1995 PAMS sites in New England, deployed and near deployment.

Site Location	PAMS Classification	Status

Cape Elizabeth (ME)                     Type3/4             deployed 1994
Kittery (ME)                            Type 2             deployed 1995
Newbury/Plumb Island (MA)               Type 3             deployed 1994*
Lynn (MA)                              Type 2             deployed 1993
Easton/Borderland Park (MA)             Typel/3             deployed 1995*
Truro (MA)                             Type 4             deployed 1995
East Providence (RI)                     Type 2             deployed 1993
Westport/Sherwood Island (CT)           Typel/3            deployed 1996
East Hartford (CT)                       Type 2             deployed 1993
Stafford Springs (CT)                     Type 3             deployed 1994*
Agawam (MA)                          Type 1             deployed 1995*
Chicopee (MA)                          Type 2             deployed 1993*
Ware/Quabbin Summit (MA)              Type 3             deployed 1994

* these sites were deployed late in the PAMS season and data were (will) not available until the
following year.

       A full assessment of the  1994 and 1995 PAMS data  has not been conducted.  Such an
                                       90

-------
assessment is beyond the nature of this report. The 1994 data have been the subject of exploratory
analysis by NESCAUM (Northeast States for Coordinated Air Management) and EPA. The
following data presentation provides a cursory analysis of the 1995 New England PAMS data
base, exploring different features of the data.  An extensive analysis of the 1995 PAMS data will
be conducted as part of the NARSTO-NE initiative. These analyses should be available late in
1996.

1995 PAMS Data

       The following presentation provides information on the differences in concentration of
biogenic VOCs, highly reactive VOCs, and toxic VOCs at the New England PAMS sites. In
addition, a preliminary analysis of "aged" and "fresh" VOC emissions (as measured by the auto
GCs) is presented for each site.

Chemical Changes in Air Mass

       As polluted air moves over New England during the day, many of the compounds undergo
photochemical reactions.  The VOCs undergo chemical changes and hence the initial
concentrations of these compounds change during the day.  The more highly reactive organic
compounds  undergo chemical changes faster than slow reacting VOCs. It is possible to measure
the freshness or aged characteristic of the air masses that pass over the PAMS sites by comparing
the ratios  of fast and slow reacting VOCs. Table 2 presents ratio data for fast and slow reacting
VOCs. Previous studies have shown that toluene, benzene and m,p - xylene ratios can provide
useful  measures of "fresh" (local) or "aged"(transported) air masses.  M,p - xylene:benzene ratios
less than 1.5 generally indicate an "aged" air mass, and ratios -1.5 generally indicate an air mass
with "fresh"emissions.  Likewise, benzene:toluene ratios >0.4 indicate an aged air mass, while
those -0.4 indicate "fresh" emissions.

       The  New England PAMS sites have been located in up-wind, urban, and downwind
networks. The urban and downwind sites should provide data which help characterize/validate
the fresh emissions or the aged nature of the VOCs measured at these sites.  The PAMS data
presented below for 1995 clearly show that the downwind sites receive "aged" air.  This is evident
for the PAMS season (June-August), the peak ozone period of the day (1600-1800 hours), and
during ozone episodes. The data for Chicopee (MA), and to some extent East Hartford (CT),
appear to differ from those of the other  Type 2 PAMS sites (Lynn and East Providence). This is
expected given their location within the Connecticut River Valley were south to north air flow is
common during the summer.  This air transport delivers "aged" air from the lower part of the
valley and southerly upwind emission sources. Hence, the ratio data indicate that these sites
measure "aged" air  during much of the ozone season.
                                         91

-------
Table 2. Measures of "aged" and "fresh" air masses at eight PAMS sites in New England during 1995.
June-
Location m.o-Xvt:Benz(b)
ryp*2SMes
E. Hartford


ftiteopM
Lynn
Steffofd Springs
Quabbin/Ware
, Cape Elizabeth

1.5
1.8
1.3
2.6
1.1
1
1.1
August 1 600-1 800 hr June -August Ozone Episodes (a)
Benz:Tolucne (c) m.D-Xvt:Benz Benz:Toluene m.p-Xyl:Benz Benz:Toluene

0.33
0.26
0.24
0.25
0.45
0.4
0.49

1.3
1.6
0.8
2.5
1,2
1.3
.2
1

0.43
0.32
0.31
0.26
0.59
0.48
0.58
0.64

n/a

0.21 (d)
2.4 (e)
0.06, 0.35 (f)
0.10, 0.10 (g)
n/a
<0.0, <0.0, 0.41 (h)


n/a

0.48 (d)
0.23 (e)
0.64, 0.53 (f)
0.65, 0.58 (g)
n/a
0.54, 0.52, 0.43 (h)
(a) Hours during which the ozone standard (0.12 ppm O3) was exceeded.
(b) m, p-Xytene:Benzene ratios <1.5 Indicate an "aged" air mass, ratios ~1.5 an indicate "fresh" air mass
(c) Benzene:TokMne ratios >0.4 indicate an "aged" air mass, white ratios ~0.4 Indicate a 'fresh' air mass
(d) June 30,1995 Q1700 hr
(e) August 1,1995 Q1700 hr
(I)  Jury 13.1995® 1600-1700 his
(8) August 10,1995 Q1600,1700.1800 hrs
  VOCs and Ozone

        Previous analyses, conducted on PAMS data in New England and elsewhere, have shown
  that about twenty (20) of the measured PAMS VOCs generally account for 85% of the ozone
  produced in ambient air.  These compounds and other VOCs are measured by the automated Gcs
  at the PAMS sites.  The table below lists the 20 major VOCs and their concentrations (ppbC) for
  each the eight PAMS sites in New England. These data show that for almost all of the PAMS
  sites, whether Cape Elizabeth, Maine or East Providence, Rhode Island, the top five or six
  compounds (by concentration) remain virtually the same: ethane, isopentane, propane, toluene, n-
  pentane and n-butane (highlighted in bold in Table 2). The inland Type 2 and 3 sites, which are
  located near or within urban or rural forests, also show elevated concentrations of isoprene, a
  biogenic VOC. By far the highest concentrations of biogenic VOCs are recorded at the inland
  Type 3 sites(Quabbin Summit, MA and Stafford Springs, CT).  During  1995, on particularly hot
  days, hourly isoprene concentrations exceeded 50 ppbC and approached 100 ppbC at these sites,
  dominating the organic presursors in the air.
                                          92

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Table 3. The concentration (ppbC) of twenty ozone precursor VOCs measured at eight PAMS
sites in New England during 1995.
VOC Compound
PAMS Sites
               CapeE. Newbury Lynn  E. Prov.  E. Hart.*  Staff. Spr. Ware  Chicopee
Ethane 3.0
Isopentane 2.4
Propane 2.9
Isoprene 1.7
Toluene 1.6
n-Butane 1.7
m/p-Xylene 0.7
n-Pentane 1.0
Ethylene 0.8
Benzene 0.8
Acetylene 1 .0
2,2,4-TriMP** 0.6
Isobutane 0.7
1,2,3-TriMB*** 0.6
2-Methylpentane 0.6
Propylene 0.5
l,2,4-TriMB****0.2
n-Hexane 0.5
o-Xylene 0.2
p-Ethyltoluene 0.5
3.0
2.2
3.3
2.4
3.2
1.3
1.4
6.4
1.3
1.3
0.5
1.4
0.8
<0.7
1.2
0.9
1.6 (a)
1.3(b)
0.9
1.2 (a)
4.3
6.4
3.6
4.3
5.3
2.6
2.9
2.7
2.2
1.3
1.8
1.7
1.1
1.3
1.8
1.0
1.4
1.2
1.2
0.7
6.3
7.7
6.2
2.7
7.0
3.7
3.3
3.0
2.7
1.9
2.5
1.5
2.4
0.3
2.9
1.0
1.1
1.7
1.2
0.4
>2.8
11.6
5.5
2.4
5.7
2.9
2.4
2.7
0.5
1.9
1.7
1.5
1.5
0.9
-
3.4
1.6
1.3
1.2
0.7
3.2
2.7
2.7
5.6
2.2
1.4
1.0
1.1
1.0
1.0
0.8
0.9
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.5
0.8
0.6
0.5
2.7
2.3
2.1
16.1
1.9
1.4
0.8
1.1
1.1
0.8
0.6
0.9
0.9
<0.7
0.9
1.2
-
0.6
0.4
0.9
4.1
9.4
3.9
4.5
5.7
2.5
1.6
4.1
1.9
1.3
0.8
1.3
1.3
1.0
1.6
0.9
0.9
1.7
0.9
0.6
* local contamination problems invalidated July 1995 data.
** 2,2,4 - Trimethylpentane
***  1,2,3  - Trimenthybenzene
**** 1,2,4 - Trimethylbenzene
(a) GC restart caused elevated concentrations (31 hours eliminated from data used in this table).
(b)<600hrsofdata.

Hazardous Air Pollutants and Urban Air Toxic Compounds

Table 4 presents the hourly average concentrations (ppbC) of hazardous organic air pollutants
measured at PAMS sites for three months during the summer of 1995. For consistency with the
other data presented in this section, the data are presented as parts per billion carbon (ppbC).
From the data it is clear that the Type 2 sites,  located within urban areas, measure atmosphere
more rich in hazardous organic air pollutants than the Type 3/4 sites.  Toluene,  1,2,4 -
trimenthybenzene, benzene, m/p - xylene, and 2,2,4 - trimethylpentane head the list of these
hydrocarbons.  Of the carbonyls, formaldehyde, is the most prevalent. This is due to the fact that
formaldehyde is both directly emitted to the atmosphere from industrial activities and mobile
sources (a source of many toxic air pollutants), and is one of the most common chemical reaction
                                          93

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products of VOC photochemistry. It is important to note that all of the sites, no matter how
remote, record low to moderate levels of these pollutants.

Table 4. The average summer (June - August) concentration (ppbC) often toxic organic
compounds (TOC) measured at the eight New England PAMS sites during 1995.
TQC 	 Cape E.
Formaldehyde** na
Acetaldehyde** na
Toluene 1.6
m,p-Xylene 0.7
Benzene 0.8
Propylene*** 0.5
1,2,4-TriMB 0.2
o-Xylene 0.2
p - Ethyltoluene
2,2,4-TriMP 0.6
Newburv Lvnn
na
na
3.2
1.4
1.3
0.9
1.6
0.9
0.5
1.4
3.3
0.8
5.3
2.9
1.3
1.0
1.4
1.2
1.2
1.7
PAMS Sites
E. Prov.* E. Hart.
na
na
7.0
3.3
1.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
0.7
1.5
5.1
1.6
5.7
2.4
1.9
3.4
1.6
1.2
0.4
1.5
Staff. Spr. Ware
na
na
2.2
1.0
1.0
0.7
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.9
na
na
1.9
0.8
OQ
.8
1.2
1.5
0.4
0.5
0.9
Chicopee
4.3 (a)
1.9
5.2
1.6
1*5
.3
0.9
Of\
.9
Of\
.9
<0.9 0.6
It*
.3
 * carbonyl data were not available.
 ** carbonyl data are available for the PAMS Type 2 sites only.
 *** compound measured by the Urban Air Toxics Monitoring Program.
 (a) data for June and August.
 PAMS Measurements
       The PAMS program measures a host of compounds.  Table 5 provides a list of the
 measurements made at PAMS sites.  Many of these compounds are toxic, most others contribute
 to the generation and accumulation of ozone.  In addition, many of the measured compounds
 contribute to the formation of complex organic aerosols and fine paniculate matter (PMf), which
 will become the focus of additional national, regional, and local (integrated) air pollution controls
 over the next decade.  Changes in organic aerosol precursors will undoubtedly provide very useful
 measures of the effectiveness of future fine particle control programs.

 Table 5. Reported hydrocarbon,  carbonyl, and other aerometric measurements  at PAMS sites in
 New England.

                               Hydrocarbon Compounds

 Ethane                        1-Butene                      1-Pentene
 Ethylene                       n-Butane                      n-Pentane
 Acetylene                      trans-2-Butene                  Isoprene
 Propylene                      cis-2-Butene                   trans-2-Pentene
 Propane                       3-Methyl-1-Butene              cis-2-Pentene
 Isobutane                      Isopentane                     2-Methyl-2-Butene
                                          94

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2.2-Dimethylbutane
 Cyclopentene
 2,3-Dimethylbutane
 2-Methylpentane
 3-Methylpentane
 2-Methyl-l-Pentene
 n-Hexane
 trans-2-Hexene
 Methylcyclopentane
 2,4-Dimethylpentane
 Benzene
 Cyclohexane
 2-Methylhexane
 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
 n-Heptane
 Methylcyclohexane
 2,3,4-Trimethylpentane
 Toluene
 2-Methylheptane
 3-Methylheptane
 n-Octane
Ethylbenzene
m,p-Xylene
Styrene
o-Xylene
n-Nonane
Isopropylbenzene
n-Propylbenzene
m-Ethyltoluene
p-Ethylbenzene
1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene
o-Ethylbenzene
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
m-Diethylbenzene
p-Diethylbenzene
n-Decane
n-Undecane
TNMOC (HC)
 Formaldehyde
 Ozone
 Wind Speed
 Ultraviolet Radiation
    Carbonvl Compounds
    Acetaldehyde

      Inorganic Gases
    NO, NO2, NOx, NOy

Meteorological Measurements
    Wind Direction
    Barometric Pressure
                                                                  Acetone
      Solar Radiation
      Humidity
                                           S5

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                                  Acid Rain Program
Atmospheric Deposition

       Atmospheric deposition is composed of both wet and dry deposition.  It includes acidic
deposition, deposition of toxic compounds and toxic trace elements, and the deposition of non-toxic
compounds including nutrients.  Atmospheric deposition occurs throughout the year, although
weather patterns alter the seasonal amount and type of deposition.

       Of all the components of atmospheric deposition, acid rain is probably the most commonly
known in New England.  In this section most of the discussion will focus on acid rain, or acidic
precipitation, which includes acid rain and snow, acidic fog and ice.  In addition to the discussion on
acid rain, there will be brief reports on dry deposition in New England and deposition of toxic trace
elements and toxic compound deposition.

Acid Precipitation

       There are ten (10) acid precipitation monitoring stations in New England.  These sites have
measured acid rain and acid snow on a weekly basis (Tuesday to Tuesday) since the early 1980's. The
longest continuous acid precipitation monitoring record in the United States is from a site located in
New Hampshire, the Hubbard Brook site, which was established in 1978. This site and the other nine
New England sites are a part of a national  network of 200+ sites that compose the  National
Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network  (NADP/NTN).    The NADP was
established in 1978 to provide a national network of sites to monitor trends in the  chemistry of wet
and dry deposition throughout the United States.  The NADP merged with the National Trends
Network in the early 1980's to form the NADP/NTN.  The current national network is operated and
maintained by a consortium of federal and state agencies, private industry, and universities.

       The New England map presented  in Figure 1 depicts the approximate location of the  10
NADP/NTN sites in the region. The sites are equipped with a Belford 5-780 Universal Rain Gage,
and an Aerochem Metrics Wet/Dry Precipitation Collector.  Most sites are located well inland, with
the exception of the  Waltham/Boston,  Cape  Cod National Seashore, and Acadia National Park
monitoring sites, which are locate near the coast. Seasonal and annual differences in weather patterns
influence precipitation and chemical deposition patterns at  the inland and coastal sites. Differences
in the annual and seasonal amount of precipitation measured  at the seven New England sites, over
the past fifteen years are presented in Figures 2a and 2b.

       The data presented in Figures 2a and 2b indicate that the amount of precipitation and seasonal
pattern of precipitation changes over time and by site.  These patterns influence the concentration and
deposition of pollutants in precipitation.  Inland sites generally record the most precipitation during
the summer (and fall), and the least precipitation during the winter. Coastal sites (Cape Cod National
Seashore, Acadia National Park, and Waltham/Boston), on the other hand, generally record more
precipitation during the spring. This is clearly evident during the late 1980's and early 1990's.

       Over the past 15 years, the precipitation data collected at the New England NADP sites
suggest two multi-year intervals with enhanced precipitation.  Two-year (paired) averaged data are
                                          96

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presented in Figure 3.  These data show enhanced precipitation in New England during the early
1980's and again during the early 1990's. Less precipitation fell during the period 1985-1988.

Precipitation Chemistry

       Almost all forms of precipitation are efficient scavengers of pollution in the atmosphere.
Hence, the chemistry of precipitation reflects changes in the level of air pollutants in the atmosphere
and can be used to provide evidence of trends in air pollution. The NADP/NTN sites in New England
provide a unique view of changes in concentration of pollutants in precipitation that falls on New
England, in particular, acid rain.

       Precipitation has complex chemistry.  Both beneficial and harmful pollutants are present.
Acid precipitation illustrates this.  In general, the dilute chemical constituents of acid precipitation are
composed of beneficial plant and soil nutrients and harmful acids, principally sulfuric and nitric acids.
Nitrates play  several roles; they contribute to the acidity of the precipitation and to freshwater
acidification, and they can be a plant nutrient. As a plant nutrient they are important to New England
forests, but enhance the eutrophication of some New England coastal marine environments.

        The following  anions and  cations are  measured from precipitation  samples  sent to the
NADP/NTN central analytical laboratory:

              anions                      cations
               Sulfate (SO4)               Hydrogen (H)
              Nitrate (NO3)               Calcium (Ca)
               Orthophosphate (PO4)       Magnesium (Mg)
               Chloride (Cl)                Potassium (K)
                                          Sodium (Na)
                                          Ammonium (NH4)

In addition to the anions and cations, the conductance of each sample (a secondary measure of ionic
strength) is also measured. Precipitation samples from all of the NADP/NTN collectors are shipped
every Tuesday to the Central Analytical Laboratory (CAL) at the Illinois State Water Survey for
analysis.

Spatial and Temporal Chemistry of Precipitation

       Both concentration and deposition of beneficial and harmful constituents of precipitation are
environmentally important.  In this section, the yearly deposition patterns (kg/ha) of key chemical
components of precipitation are presented for the 1979-1995 period.  These include sulfate, nitrate,
chloride, and potassium ions.

       Figure 4 presents the average composite yearly deposition of sulfates, nitrates, and chlorides
for the ten NADP/NTN sites in New England.  Nitrate deposition, in New England,  shows no
significant long-term increase or decrease in deposition over the period of record.  The decrease in
the  1987-1988 may be attributed to lower precipitation.  Sulfate deposition, on the  other hand,
                                          97

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significantly drops during the early 1980's and again during the 1990's.  The decreased deposition
during the 1987-1988 period is attributed to reduced precipitation.  However the long-term trend,
and  the  most  recent declines in  sulfate  deposition cannot be attributed to changes in annual
precipitation.

       The  final series of figures provide sub-regional views of changes in precipitation chemistry
over the past 17 years. Coastal and inland sites show different patterns of deposition, over the years.
Chloride and potassium enrichment is evident at the coastal sites, indicative of precipitation that has
been influenced by sea spray.  This enrichment is especially evident during 1983 and 1984 (Figure 5a
and  5b).  Inland  sites, on the other hand do not show similar patterns of chloride or potassium
enrichment.  Sulfate, which is also a major constituent of seawater, is also enriched at coastal sites,
as noted  at the Acadia NP site in Maine (Figure 6a). The Acadia site also records generally higher
deposition of nitrates than the other Maine sites (Figure 7a).  This is somewhat unexpected, since this
site is located far from major point and mobile emission sources of nitrogen oxides in New England,
and ocean spray does not contain significant concentrations of nitrate.

       The final  set of figures indicates a south to north and west to east gradient of sulfate and
nitrate deposition (except in those instances where sea spray enhances sulfate deposition). As
expected the highest deposition of sulfate generally occurs west of Maine (Figures 6a-6c). The
highest nitrate deposition occurs at the New  Hampshire, Vermont, and  Quabbin  Reservoir-
Massachusetts monitoring sites (Figures 7b and 7c).

       The 1994 and 1995 precipitation chemistry data show no marked deviations from previous
deposition data for the New England sites, except in the case of sulfate deposition.  Sulfate deposition
in 1995 showed a marked decline at every monitoring site except Acadia NP in Maine.  The average
1995 sulfate deposition in New England was the lowest ever recorded during the 17 years of sulfate
deposition monitoring.
                                        98

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    10  National
Acid Precipitation
  Monitor Sites
In New England*
                                               Acadia National
                                                 Park 1981
                                  ruro Cape Cod
                                   ational Park
                                    1981
           * National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network
                      99

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  Figure 2a. Changes in the amount of precipitation (cm) recorded during the
spring at three coastal NADP/NTN sites (bold line) and four inland sites in New
                              England.
                                   Year
 Figure 2b. Changes in the amount of precipitation (cm) recorded during the
summer at three coastal NADP/NTN sites (bold line) and four inland NADP/NTN
                         sites in New England.
                                   Year
                                  100

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      Figure 3.  Average amount of precipitation (cm) recorded for paired years for ten

                      NADP/NTN monitoring sites in New England.
                                         Paired Years
          Figure 4. Annual composite deposition (kg/ha) of nitrate (bold line) and sulfate

          (dotted line) for the ten New England NADP/NTN precipitation monitoring sites

                                        (1979-1995).
   30
   25
   20
oi
o  15
5
    10
en
h.
en
o
CO
o
CO
en
CO
en
eo
CO
en
                                00
                                OD
                                     i
                                           .
                                               I
                                                    -
                                                     0

                                                               e
T-    (M
en    o>
en    en
                                                                              •

r;
:
                                              Year
                                         101

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          Figure 5a. Deposition (kg/ha) of potassium measured at two coastal monitoring
         sites (bold lines) and four representative inland monitoring sites in New England.
                                              Year
w
f,
          Figure 5b. Deposition (kg/ha) of chloride measured at two coastal monitoring
         sites (bold lines) and four representative inland monitoring sites in New England.
                                              Year

                                              102

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       Figure 6a.  Deposition (kg/ha) of sulfate measured at the Acadla NP (bold line).
           Greenville (dotted line), Caribou (solid line), and Bridgton (dashed line)
                         NADP/NTN monitoring sites in Maine.
M
25
 10
   S    I    i    i    i    I    I
                                                                              S    S
                                                                              O)    »
                                           Year
      Figure 6b. Deposition (kg/ha) of sulfate measured at the Hubbard Brook-NH (bold
      line), Underhill-VT (dotted line) and Bennlngton-VT NADP/NTN monitoring sites in
                               northern New England.
   Eli!iiiii!!iiili!
                                          Year
      Figure 6c. Deposition (kg/ha) of sulfate measured at the Truro-CCNS (bold line),
      Waltham (dotted line), and Quabbin Reservoir (solid line) NADP/NTN monitoring
                               sites in Massachusetts.
M
                                          Year

                                        103

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       Figure 7a. Deposition of nitrate measured at Acadla NP (bold line), Greenville
          (dotted line), Caribou (solid line), and Brldgton (dashed line) NADP/NTN
                              monitoring sites in Maine.
M

M

»

id

 l

 6

 4

 :

 :
            i    i    i    I
                                         Year
      Figure 7b. Deposition of nitrate measured at the Hubbard Brook-NH (bold line),
      Underhill-VT (dotted line), and Bennlngton-VT (solid Una) NADP/NTN monitoring
                           sites In northern New England.
II
H
  iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
                                         Year
       Figure 7c. Deposition (kg/ha) of nitrate measured at the Truro-CCNS (bold line),
       Waltham (dotted line), and Quabbin Reservoir (solid line) NADP/NTN monitoring
                                sites In Massachusetts.
                                     104

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Region I:
Connecticut:
Maine:
Massachusetts:
New Hampshire:
Rhode Island:
Vermont:
       AIRS-AO REGIONAL CONTACTS

Ms. Wendy McDougall
EPA, Region I
60 Westview Street
Lexington, MA 02173
(617) 860-4323

Mr. Victor Yanosy
Department of Environmental Protection
Air Monitoring Section
79 Elm Street
Hartford, CT 06106
(860) 424-3524

Mr. Leighton Carver
Department of Environmental Protection
State House Station 17
Augusta, ME 04333
(207) 287-2437

Mr. John Lane
Department of Environmental Protection
Division of Air Quality Control
Lawrence Experiment Station
37 Shattuck Street
Lawrence, MA 01843
(508)975-1138

Mr. Paul Sanborn
Department of Environmental Services
Air Resources Division
64 N. Main Street
Concord, NH 03302-2033
(603) 271-1387

Mr. John Cucco
Rhode Island Department of Health
Air Pollution Laboratory
Health Laboratory Building
50 Orms Street
Providence, RI  02904
(401)274-1011

Mr. George Apgar
Air Pollution Control Division
Agency of Environmental Conservation
103 S. Main St., Bldg. 3  South
Waterbury, VT 05676
(802)241-3842
                   105

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