WATER POLLUTION CONTROL RESEARCH SERIES • 18010DPV12/70
Water Quality Criteria Data Book
Volume I
Organic Chemical Pollution of Freshwater
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY • WATER QUALITY OFFICE
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WATER POLLUTION COHTROL RESEARCH SERIES
The Water Pollution Control Research Series describes
the results and progress in the control and abatement
of pollution in our Nation's waters. They provide a
central source of information on the research, develop-
ment, and demonstration activities in the Water Quality
Office, Environmental Protection Agency, through inhouse
research and grants and contracts with Federal, State,
and local agencies, research institutions, and industrial
organizations.
Inquiries pertaining to Water Pollution Control Research
Reports should "be directed to the Head, Project Reports
Office, Environmental Protection Agency, Room 1108,
Washington, B.C. 202*12.
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Water Quality Criteria Data Book, Vol. 1
ORGANIC CHEMICAL POLLUTION OF FRESHWATER
for the
ENVIRONMEWTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
s
Water Quality Office
prepared by
ARTHUR D. LITTLE, INC.
CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS
Project #18010 DPV
Contract # llj-12-538
December 1970
442 -963
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C. 20402- Price $3.50
Stock Number 5501-0144
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EPA Review Notice
This report has teen reviewed "by the Water
Quality Office, EPA, and approved for publication.
Approval does not signify that the contents
necessarily reflect the views and policies of
the Environmental Protection Agency, nor does
mention of trade names or commercial products
constitute endorsement or recommendation for
use.
ii
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FOREWORD
The quantity of literature since the
publication of WATER QUALITY CRITERIA,
McKee and Wolfe, Second Edition, 1963,
has "been so great that rather than a
revision, the Environmental Protection
Agency is publishing, as its successor,
a series of volumes under the general
title, WATER QUALITY CRITERIA DATA
BOOK. This series is the Environmental
Protection Agency's response to
California State Water Resources Control
Board Resolution, No. 69-! titled,
"Requesting the Federal Water Pollution
Control Administration to Assume
Responsibility for Conducting Further
Work on the Publication Titled 'Water
Quality Criteria1." The Federal Water
Quality Administration was asked to give
reconsideration to assuming the
responsibility for the continuance of
summarizing and referencing worldwide
literature on water quality criteria.
Volume I, "Organic^Pollution of Fresh-
water," is the first in the series.
Volume II, "Inorganic Chemical Pollution,"
is scheduled for publication late 1971;
Volume III, "Effects of Industrial
Chemicals on Aquatic Life," early
summer 1971; Volume IV, "Recreational
Water Quality Criteria," early autumn
1971.
Subsequent volumes will "be announced at a
later date.
iii
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
I. SUMMARY 1
II. INTRODUCTION 3
III. METHODS AND APPROACH 9
IV. RESULTS 21
V. QUALITY CRITERIA 37
VI. TABLES 49
VII. REFERENCES 327
VIII. INDEX 369
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LIST OF TABLES
Number Page
I. Concentration of Organic Pollutants Looked For and
Found in Fresh Water 49
II. Mammalian Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Organic
Pollutants Found in Fresh Water 126
III. Mammalian Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Potential
Organic Pollutants of Fresh Water 152
IV. Concentration and Effects of Organic Pollutants in
Human and Animal Tissue 249
V. Carcinogenicity in Mammals of Organic Pollutants Found
in Fresh Water Examined by the Oral Route of Adminis-
tration 264
Va. Carcinogenicity in Mammals of Organic Pollutants Found
in Fresh Water Examined Only by Routes of Administra-
tion Other Than Oral 271
VI. Carcinogenicity in Mammals of Potential Organic
Pollutants of Fresh Water Examined by the Oral Routes
of Administration , 272
Via. Carcinogenicity in Mammals of Potential Organic
Pollutants of Fresh Water Examined Only by Routes of
Administration Other Than Oral 281
VII. Mutagenicity and Teratogenicity of Organic Pollutants
Found in Fresh Water in Humans, Animals, and Plants 284
VIII. Mutagenicity and Teratogenicity of Potential Organic
Pollutants of Fresh Water in Humans, Animals, and Plants 288
IX. Sources of Organic Pollutants Found in Fresh Water 295
X. Sources of Potential Organic Pollutants of Fresh Water 298
XI. Reported Maximum Concentration of Organic Chemicals
Found in Fresh Water Producing No Effect in Mammals
When Administered on a Chronic Basis or Tested for
Organoleptic Effects in Man 303
XII. Acute Toxicity Ranking of Organic Chemicals Found in
Fresh Water as Determined by LDso in Mammals Using Oral
Administration 317
XIII. Acute Toxicity Ranking of Potential Organic Pollutants of
Water as Determined by LD5Q in Mammals Using Oral Admin-
istration 319
XIV. Ranking of Reported Threshold Doses Obtained by Chronic
Administration in Rats 325
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I. SUMMARY
A survey of the available literature on organic chemical pollu-
tion of fresh water showed that 496 organic chemicals have been
reported to be found or are suspected to be in fresh water. Of
these, 66 have been identified. The informational and scienti-
fic quality of the literature are not of a high order. As might
be expected, evidence which directly relates the presence of or-
ganic chemicals in fresh water with human health is generally
lacking.
Industrial sources were responsible for the largest number and
variety of structural types of organic chemical pollutants. Re-
ported agricultural sources of pollutants were all pesticides
and domestic sources were all detergents. Animal toxicity
information was available on all compounds in one form or an-
other, but consisted mainly of acute toxicity data. Most of
the limited chronic animal toxicity information pertinent to
the problem of organic chemical pollution of fresh water and
human health came from Russian sources. These results were
used directly by the Russian investigators as quality criteria
for humans. Pesticides were shown to be the most acutely toxic
organic chemicals in water and only methyl mercuric chloride
was found to be more toxic. Although the information on chronic
threshold doses was insufficient for meaningful interpretation,
the organometallies ranked high in chronic toxicity effects.
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Of 120 compounds examined for carcinogenicity in animals, 22.5
percent were positive. Of 32 compounds examined for teratogeni-
city in animals, 62.5 percent were positive. It would appear
that methyl mercuric chloride has been found to be teratogenic
in man. Although there is no proven chemical mutagen for man,
of 29 compounds examined for mutagenicity, mostly in plant cell
systems, all showed some effects on genetic material. High con-
centrations of certain compounds (mostly pesticides) were shown
to be present in the tissues of animals and man. Some of these
have been reported to be potential carcinogens, teratogens or
mutagens. The available data on pesticides are predominantly
American and on non-pesticide compounds predominantly Russian.
This survey has shown that factual information upon which quality
criteria of water can be rationally based, is generally lacking
for compounds occurring in fresh water. This is further compli-
cated by the threshold and no-threshold controversy in terms of
potential carcinogenicity and mutagenicity and to a lesser extent
of teratogenicity. The practical proximate solution will pre-
sumably have to resemble that employed in the radiation area
where some baseline human exposure is unavoidable.
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II. INTRODUCTION
Population growth, increasing demands by this population, new tech-
nology, and a burgeoning industry all contribute to the overall in-
crease in chemical pollution of fresh water and its potential effects
as a health hazard.
The average individual ingests 1 liter of water per day in one form
or another in order to maintain body water requirements in the face
of what has to be excreted for removal of the wastes of metabolism.
This daily intake goes on throughout life and the maintenance of
body water is so important that a loss equivalent to more than 5%
of body weight at any one time seriously affects normal function.
Some, if not most, of the chemicals we ingest with water on a daily
basis can produce acute and/or long-term adverse effects on health.
In the past we have learned how to detect and in large measure to
control the contamination of water by pathogens. Just as clear
water can contain bacteria, so also can clear water contain a host
of chemical substances,many of which are unidentified, which may
be deleterious to health. Just as new knowledge was needed in
the past to identify and control contamination from microorganisms,
so is new technology now needed to identify and control chemicals
in water.
At one time chemical wastes were in quantities which could be dis-
persed efficiently in water. This situation no longer exists as
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witnessed by the frank polluted condition of many of our rivers
and lakes. This condition will undoubtedly get worse unless some-
thing is done about it. Ideally, nothing should be put in water,
b'ut this is unrealistic. The present techniques of haphazard
dumping of wastes into the nearest watercourse is producing damaging
effects when the wastes reach proportions which cannot be handled
by the watercourse. The problem is further compounded by sanitary
landfill operations, presently the only means of disposal of trash
in many urban and rural communities, contaminating underground water
resources. The solution is the formulation of present and new
knowledge into a set of standards which will allow predictions of
the effects of inputs on the system. In general, water has an in-
herent capacity to deal with pollution but our understanding of the
way it deals with chemical pollution is negligible. We can predict
in some general way that chemicals will react with other chemicals
in the water and form new compounds which may or may not be harmful,
that organisms will degrade toxic chemicals to more simple and may-
be less toxic compounds and that toxic metals are difficult to change
chemically and difficult to remove from water. However, few specific
examples are available.
We can probably, in part, physiologically adapt to chemical pollu-
tion in terms of taste, odor, physiological response and perhaps
even cellular response. This adaptability creates difficulties
in relating the chemical components' of a water supply to a health
problem. It is well known that local residents find no cause to
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believe that their water supply can create grastroenteric problems
for newcomers. However, it can be expected that there is a point
at which no further adaptation can take place and that our health
will be impaired by continuous ingestion of water containing a host
of chemical substances some of which are proven to have carcinogenic,
teratogenic, and mutagenic properties, and others of which can induce
histopathological effects. These are effects which in most instances
cannot be evidentially related to water.
In order to understand the meaning of chemical pollution of fresh
water, a baseline is needed. This baseline varies with the intended
use of water. For instance, water which is adequate for industrial
use may not be acceptable for drinking purposes. The problem we
are concerned with in chemical pollution and health is water intended
for human consumption which contains chemicals at concentrations
which can produce harmful effects on an acute or a chronic basis.
Therefore, the baseline for a particular chemical would be a con-
centration which we know will not produce harmful effects.
An aspect of chemical pollution which should not be neglected is
that which is concerned with the accumulation of chemicals in
aquatic food sources. This accumulation can be both direct or
indirect. In either case large concentrations of toxic chemicals
in tissues have been demonstrated. While it is to be admitted
that the consumption of fresh water sources of food is small com-
pared to the consumption of water, this should be considered as
a potential human health hazard.
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The sources of chemical pollution are multiple and may be classi-
fied as arising from agricultural use (fertilizers and pesticides),
natural sources (leaching of chemicals from geological formations),
industrial manufacturing processes, domestic sources (detergents,
pesticides) and accidental spills. In this report we are concerned
with those sources which supply a continuous and often increasing
rate of chemicals in water directly by the use of watercourses as
a means of waste removal or indirectly by the purposeful or unintended
use of chemicals in locations which are watersheds.
The supply of naturally occurring fresh water for the use of mankind
is fixed and increasing pollution of water so that it becomes un-
usable, decreases the total quantity available for use for man's
physiological and domestic needs, for industrial purposes, for
recreational pursuits, for aesthetic enjoyment, and for aquatic
life as a food source.
Methods for detecting chemicals in fresh water are technologically
feasible provided that we know what we want to detect and given
time to develop or modify methods and make the necessary determina-
tions. Our current knowledge of chemicals in water has been entirely
dependent upon the analytical methodology available and chemicals
actually looked for. As a result the chemical pollution picture
of fresh water is undoubtedly far from complete. We already know
that certain rivers are replete with a host of chemicals some of
which are known carcinogens, teratogens, and mutagens. Most of
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these have unknown fates and their toxicity to aquatic life and
terrestrial plants, animals and man are poorly characterized.
Although public health emphasis on food quality has been with us
for sometime, public health concern and action concerning water
quality has not received nearly the same attention despite the
proven presence of chemicals which have visibly changed the bio-
environment so drastically in the past 50 years. At present,
concern with food quality is centered on trace amounts of pesti-
cides, fertilizers, preservatives, radioactive fission products,
and carcinogens, representatives of which can be found in fresh
water, but which to date have not elicited the same degree of
concern or action.
Currently, municipal waters are treated principally to make them
microbiologically safe for drinking. Very little is done to make
them chemically safe and it is difficult to factually relate a
human health problem with the chemical condition of our municipal
water supplies. Since the successful control of communicable
diseases in general and waterborne diseases in particular has in-
creased our average life span, other health problems such as meta-
bolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancer and others have
come to the fore. Although we consider these as diseases of our
increased average life span, we do not know to what extent pollu-
tion is a contributory etiologic agent. On the other hand, we
know that carcinogens exist in a proportion of our water supplies
and we cannot assume that they are not contributory to the rate of
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cancer in our society. Unfortunately, evidence of the relationship
between chemicals in water and the physical ills that beset us is
tenuous.
Americans have become increasingly involved in the area of drug
abuse and the probability of drugs reaching water supplies has in-
creased. It is recognized that disposal of drugs in the waste
water system is one means of destruction by both police depart-
ments and hospitals. This specific area of concern was excluded
from consideration in this report.
Although it is difficult to extrapolate animal data to humans, the
use of animals has served us well in the past for assessing the
effects of therapeutic drugs, environmental stresses, psychological
stresses, and chemical agents on man. The very fact that the bio-
ecology of rivers has been changed by chemical pollution, should
give us food for thought in a rapidly increasing general pollution
problem. Therefore, in the general absence of human data, this
report principally presents available animal toxicological and patho-
logical data on chemicals actually found or potentially could be
found in water so that some assessment of their effects on man can
be made.
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III. METHODS AND APPROACH
1. Literature Search
More than 7,000 publications, the titles of which appeared to
be pertinent, were collected and examined. Of these, approxi-
mately 1,000 were found to have some pertinency and were examined
more closely. Approximately 600 of these were actually found to
have information which could be used. Only those publications
which presented quantitative data were considered. Publications
which contained pertinent data but which were published or received
after completion of our information search are listed separately
in the bibliography. In carrying out the literature search, the
following sources were explored:
a. Abstracts and Indexes
Applied Science & Technology 1960-June 1970
Abstracts on Hygiene 1960-1969
Bibliography of Agriculture 1960-1969
Biological Abstracts 1960-May 1970
Chemical Abstracts 1907-June 1970
Excerpta Medica, Section 17, Public Health,
Social Medicine and Hygiene 1968-1969
Index Medicus • 1960-June 1970
Monthly Catalogue U.S. Government Publications 1960-March 1970
Public Health Engineering Abstracts 1962-1967
Publications of the U.S. Geological Surveys 1941-1964
Toxicity Bibliography 1968-March 1970
Water Pollution Abstracts 1950-February 1970
Technical Translations 1964-July 1967
University of Wisconsin Water Resources Center
Eutrophication Program March-July 1969
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b. Journals
Air and Water Pollution 1964-1966
Archives of Environmental Health (Arch. Ind. Health) 1955-July 1970
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 1966-1969
Food and Cosmetics Toxicology 1969-1970
Gigiena i Sanitaria (Hygiene & Sanitation) 1960-Jan. 1970
Journal of the American Water Works Association 1960-May 1970
Pesticides Monitoring Journal 1967-1969
Toxicology and applied Pharmacology 1969-1970
Water Pollution Control Federation Journal 1957-June 1970
Water Research 1967-1969
Journal of Environmental Health 1968-March 1970
WHO Technical Reports 1966-1968
Gesundheits-Ingenieur 1968-1969
c. Books, proceedings of symposia and international conferences,
bibliographies and citations in review articles.
d. Once the chemicals which were demonstrated to be in fresh
water and the chemicals which potentially could be found in
water were compiled, existing acute and chronic toxicological
information was searched and extracted.
Reviews, abstracts, papers and compilations of information
on carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, and mutagenicity were
examined for pertinent information.
Where possible, the more recent information was used in pre-
ference to information contained in the older literature.
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2. Quality of Literature
The quality of the literature searched was not of a high order
in terms of the information required for the purpose of this
study. Mich of the literature gave no rationale for why a che-
mical was selected for study. Information concerning the origin
of a pollutant and its geographical location from the point at
which the sample was taken for study was rarely reported. Des-
criptions of the waters being investigated, such as approximate
width, depth, and velocity, which would give some general idea
of dilution effects and therefore some idea of the quantities
at the point of origin were never given. Interpretation of
results, their meaning, conclusions, recommendations, and prob-
able relationships of results to health was rarely discussed by
investigators.
In general toxicity information poorly characterized dose rela-
tionships. Therefore, it was difficult to obtain from the data
the probable concentrations which would be of interest for use
in obtaining quality criteria. In fact, much of the toxicity
data, although obtained for the specific purpose of characterizing
toxicity effects, were not always relevant to the problem of
formulating quality criteria. The information on carcinogenicity,
mutagenicity and teratogenicity were not, in general, studied
in terms of dose.;response. In chronic toxicity .studies, including
carcinogenicity studies, information such as dose, duration, species
of animal used and frequency of administration of doses were not
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always given. Frequently doses were expressed in a manner which
could not be converted to units used in most reports. The ra-
tionale for the doses selected for study were generally lacking.
A disproportionately large effort was expended on pesticides and
a disproportionately small amount of effort was put into chemical
pollution of rivers and lakes as a result of industrial wastes.
In the United States, toxicity information were obtained on fish
or other aquatic organisms of little use for the purpose of this
study so that the Russian literature had to be used for toxicity
information on mammals. The quality of the Russian literature
suffered mostly from an absence of information on what was done
and how it was done. Names of researchers were cited with no
literature references and original works could not be examined.
In many cases, the periodicals were not available or translations
could not be obtained and results had to be taken directly from
abstracts. In contrast to information in the English literature,
the Russians did provide most of the acute and chronic toxicity
information although their use of this information can be subject
to criticism.
3. Information extracted
Where available, the concentrations of chemicals in water were
obtained together with information as to source and location.
Available information on chemicals which for one reason or an-
other have not been measured in water, but have been considered
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in the literature to be potentially present in water, was also
obtained along with information on source. Included in this toxi-
city data, information, where available, on duration, dose response,
and specific effects were obtained for both chemicals which have
been found in water and chemicals which have been considered to
be potentially present in water. Only the oral route of administra-
tion was considered for inclusion. However, where no oral data
is available an alternative route of administration is presented
and denoted as such.
4. Chemical Organization of Information
It was hoped to use structure activity relationships as a means
of predicting the potential toxicity of novel compounds. To fur-
ther this end it was necessary to group compounds on the basis
of their structural components which might lead to kindred toxi-
city. Therefore, compounds have been specifically classified
under 17 major headings. Within a number of these major chemi-
cal groupings, sub-groupings exist so that compounds can be
compared as to their toxicity and evaluated for the importance
of various contributing constituents to the toxicity of these
compounds. In this section chemical structures and their
importance as pollutants of fresh water will be discussed.
In accord with standard organic chemical classification, the
first category considered was the alkanes and alkenes. The
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unsubstituted forms of these compounds have low water solubility
and in general a low degree of toxicity. They can occur in fresh
water as natural pollutants arising from petroleum reserves but
may also appear through their use as a basic material in the petro-
chemical industry or as solvents in numerous processes.
The halogenated alkanes and alkenes, by contrast, are all the re-
sult of chemical synthesis. By far the majority of these compounds
which have been found in fresh water are chlorinated pesticides
resulting from their use for agricultural purposes. These com-
pounds have received special notoriety in recent years. While
these compounds in general have a low solubility, their high
degree of toxicity and resistance to natural degradation make them
of great concern in considering potential human health hazard. Be-
sides the hydrocarbon pesticides, other more simple halogenated
alkanes and alkenes do exist and also show a resistance to decay,
but these compounds in general are found to be less toxic. No
nitroalkanes have been found as organic pollutants in water but
some of these are potential pollutants. However, they make up
a small group of compounds.
The alcohols are among the most soluble of organic compounds in
water. Many of these compounds (carbohydrates) are natural food
constituents and are of little danger, therefore, in terms of
toxicity. Others of these compounds, arising from industrial
processes and appearing in fresh water as industrial waste, do
show toxic effects in mammals. However, in general, the lability
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of these compounds to both air and microbial oxidation gives them a
short lifetime in water. Enhancement of microbial growth as a result
of the presence of a pollutant would affect dissolved oxygen levels.
The amines are subdivided into different categories because of the
different properties these may have in terms of structure activity
relationships. The amines show a reasonable solubility in water.
The aliphatic amines are produced by the petro-chemical industry.
A number of these have been found as pollutants in water. As a
class they show an acute toxicity of less than a gram per kilogram
in mammals. Many of these compounds have a sufficient vapor pressure
to be rapidly eliminated from water by evaporation.
The aromatic amines with a potential for being present in water are
mostly derivatives of aniline. These compounds are related to dye
manufacture and use. On the other hand, quarternary amines are
most widely used and would appear in water because of their appli-
cation as cationic surfactants.
The nitriles are nitrogen compounds containing the cyano group
which, in certain cases, can be released as cyanide. These com-
pounds are both pesticides and have a use in organic synthesis
in the petro-chemical industry. According to the literature,
only one of these compounds has been found as a pollutant of
fresh water. Heterocyclic compounds in which nitrogen, sulphur
or oxygen is incorporated into a ring structure with carbon atoms
can occur as natural breakdown products of plants or bacteria.
However, it is the use of such compounds as pesticides and their
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presence in some industrial wastes which is of more concern in
relation to water pollution. Since the heterocyclic ring may
serve as the base of many diverse chemical compounds, more diver-
gency in toxicity is apparent in this subgroup. Thus in this group
we have toxins such as nicotine and strychnine as well as some
herbicides with a low degree of mammalian toxicity.
The carboxylic organic acids can also occur as natural components
of fresh water. The straight chain acids are found in our own
bodies and the short chain forms are one of the major end products
of bacterial catabolism. However, another source of these compounds
is their use in industry and the use of the phenoxyalkylacids as
herbicides. All of these compounds, once diluted in water so as
to limit their specific acidic effect, show a limited toxicity
except in a few occasions where other portions of the molecule
contribute.
The organic sulfates have not been looked for in fresh water. These
compounds are used to some extent as detergents but not to the ex-
tent of the sulfonic acids. Sulfonics are the major active com-
ponents of detergents and have been widely found as pollutants of
fresh water. The form in which the major amount of alkylbenzene
sulfonates are presently synthesized allows them to be readily
degraded by microorganisms present in fresh water.
No carboxylic esters have been reported in fresh water. The labil-
lity to hydrolysis of these compounds would make them nonpersistent.
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Certain of these compounds which are being used as pesticides,
however, do show a high degree of toxicity.
Amides (amine derivatives which are analogous to the esters) also
have not been looked for in fresh water. Certain of the amides
do have a high toxicity, however. Of more concern, because of
their greater use as agricultural products, are the carbamates.
Even though they degrade comparatively rapidly, their high acute
toxicity in mammals should elicit some concern. Of lesser acute
toxicity are the thiocarbamates. The final amine derivatives in
our listing which are potential pollutants are the ureas. These
are widely used as herbicides but do not have the acute toxicity
of the carbamates or thiocarbamates.
The phosphate esters are a specific group of compounds which exist
in fresh water solely because of their use as effective pesticides.
They work specifically by inhibiting nerve transmission in both
insects and man (although presumably more effectively in the
former). They have not been widely reported in fresh water,
probably because of their lability to hydrolysis..
The aldehydes, ketones and ethers are all products of industrial
processes. A few have been used as pesticides and these specific
compounds, because of other portions of their molecules, can be
of concern toxicologically. However, these compounds also have
not yet been reported as being present in fresh water. The group
of compounds as a whole is otherwise generally innocuous. In
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fresh water these compounds are oxidized to carboxylic acids.
The unsubstituted aromatic compounds are not found at high con-
centrations in fresh water because of their limited solubility.
These compounds can occur naturally in oil wastes or may be the
result of industrial processes. Because of their limited solu-
bility they present little threat for acute toxicity. However,
their efficacy in carcinogenesis is well known and, for this
reason, their presence in fresh water should be a matter of con-
cern.
The phenols and quinones are hydroxylated aromatics with increased
water solubility and toxicity. Some of these compounds arise
from natural sources but most arise from industrial wastes or
through their use as biocides. Many of these compounds have a
high level of acute toxicity. A number of them have been dis-
covered as pollutants of fresh water and their concentration in
water is a subject of increasing concern. Many of these compounds
interact in water with other materials to give less toxic deriva-
tives .
The aromatic derivatives are widely distributed because of their
production as industrial products and wastes or because of their
use in agriculture. The most well known halogenated aromatic
derivative is DDT. Compounds such as DDE and DDD are modifica-
tions of this material. The halogenated aromatic derivatives,
just as the halogenated alkanes and alkenes, are extremely
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persistent in fresh water. In general, they have a low acute
toxicity but many of the long-term effects of these compounds are
just beginning to be realized. Because of their low solubility
and, therefore, low concentration in water, they are presumably
of little concern as a problem in drinking water but do become
concentrated through the food chain where their real effect is
felt. The other aromatic derivatives potentially to be found
in fresh water contain nitro groups or alkyl groups. These
compounds result from manufacturing processes or from petroleum
wastes. In general they have a low acute toxicity.
Sulfur compounds which are potential pollutants do not have a
unified mechanism of mammalian toxicity as in some of the other
groupings, but may range from the lethal compound, mustard gas,
to various mercaptans of low acute toxicity but high organoleptic
effect.
Many of the organometallics are highly toxic. On the other
hand, the polymers form a chemical class without any uniform
basis in structure activity relations. The miscellaneous sur-
factants exhibit toxicity by alterations in membrane function.
Other organics are listed in the final miscellaneous organic
classification without any reference to structure-activity
relations.
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5. Indexing
In order to facilitate locating information on any particular
chemical in this report, we have prepared an alphabetical index
which consists of names of chemicals as used in this report with
synonyms, chemical names, trade names, etc. This is presented
in Section X.
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IV. RESULTS
Table I lists the concentrations of organic pollutants that have
been found in water based on the search of the literature. The
chemicals listed in this table as in subsequent tables have been
characterized and tabulated, where appropriate, by their chemical
composition described earlier under Section III-4. The source of
the chemical (agricultural pesticide, industrial waste, domestic
waste, etc.) is also tabulated for each chemical where this in-
formation was available. The location of the sample is tabulated
under a separate heading, and indicates where the sample was taken
from. For a number of chemicals several concentrations found at
the same location at different times or at different locations
are indicated where this information was available.
No attempt was made in searching through the literature to assess
the qualitative or quantitative results of the analytical data.
The techniques used by different investigators, sampling techniques
and the sensitivity of analytical procedures was not assessed.
There will no doubt be variations even with the same investigator
as more sensitive analytical techniques are employed.
t-
The greatest proportion of compounds measured in fresh water was
made up of pesticides. As pointed out earlier, sources were
poorly characterized in terms of physical location, distance from
point of test sample and topographical characteristics which would
throw some light on the nature of chemical pollution of fresh water.
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Where information was available on a sequential time basis, concen-
trations of pesticides varied considerably presumably due either
to times of application of pesticides or to periods of rainfall
run-off or both. Therefore, pertinent climatological data might
have been helpful in assessing the characteristics of pollution
with agricultural products. In some intensely agricultural areas,
such as cotton growing areas, concentrations of pesticides in
rivers and municipal water supplies reached relatively high levels.
Concentrations of pesticides in fresh water formed the largest con-
tribution of the U.S. literature while the largest input of in-
dustrial and domestic sources of chemical pollution were obtained
from the foreign literature. Thus, little information on industrial
chemical pollution in the U.S. is available.
Table II presents acute and chronic toxicological information on
chemicals presented in Table I. LDc0 is the dose at which 50% of
the animals die. TLm designates the Median Tolerance Limit which
is the concentration which kills 50% of fish for the indicated
time in hours. LC50 is the concentration at which 50% of fish
die in 24 hours. TLm and LCS_ were exclusively obtained on fish.
LD_n formed the highest proportion of the acute toxicity information
available and was exclusively for non-aquatic animals. Included
under the LD,-n column was data available on humans where fatali-
ties can occur and are estimates only and are essentially LD-inn
data. As stated earlier, all doses are oral unless otherwise
indicated if oral information was not available.
22
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It will be noted that large gaps of information exist for chronic
toxicity and the greatest proportion of the toxicological data
presented in this table comes from the Russian literature. The
doses presented for chronic toxicity are those which elicited an
effect and where this was not available the doses used are presented.
The chronic toxicity effects varied according to what was looked for.
The Russian data included changes in conditioned behavior and in-
sufficient information was presented in order to determine exactly
how this was done. Other doses which may have been presented in
the literature,but were excluded from this table are presented in
the Quality Criteria Section because of the presumed relevancy to
the problem associated with arriving at quality criteria.
Table III presents acute and chronic toxicity of potential organic
pollutants of fresh water. This table is in all details similar
to Table II with, however, the inclusion of sources. These chemi-
cals are suspected to be in water because of their use for in-
dustrial, agricultural, and domestic purposes or because they are
known to be involved in manufacturing processes the waste products
of which are likely to be discharged into fresh water. This listing
is probably incomplete but what is available involves a far greater
number of chemicals than those which have been measured in water
indicating that available factual information on chemicals in
water gives an incomplete story of the total picture. Again, as
with Table II, there are gaps in our knowledge of both acute and
chronic toxicity information. The human data, though inadequate,
are somewhat more meaningful than those presented in Table II.
23
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Table IV presents the available information of chemicals the con-
centrations and effects of which have been examined in tissues.
It will be noted that all information contained in this table
refers to pesticides. In general, the data indicate that pesti-
cides can be stored in the tissues of humans normally exposed to
them. As a result of accidental exposure, deaths have occurred
and large concentrations of these pesticides were found in tissue.
Sequential data, where this was available, showed that some pesti-
cides had increasing concentrations in body fat with time in the
U.S. and Indian population but not in the English or in some
cases in the French population, indicating that use of the pesti-
cides in question had increased in the U.S. and India during the
periods of study and had decreased or remained steady in countries
like England and France. However, the possibility that these
pesticides were accumulating over the period of study without any
change in usage should not be excluded. The information in this
table also appears to show that storage occurred in all animals
studied. In general, the studies dealt poorly with characteristics
of human population studied in terms of relative exposure potential.
However, a few studies did give information of this nature and
showed that concentrations in tissues were related to degree of
exposure. In like manner, information on animal tissues showed
extremely high tissue concentrations in animals living in highly
pesticide treated areas. Data on aquatic animals generally indi-
cated low concentrations as compared to man and terrestial animals,
presumably because of the generally low concentration of pesticides
24
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in water as shown in Table I. In general, high concentrations
of pesticides in tissues, at least of DDT, were found in India
and Israel. Studies on storage of DDT as a function of dose
ingested for a period of 12 and 18 months indicate that below
0.0034 mg/kg/day storage does not take place while doses higher
than this show storage to be proportional to dosage.
Tables V and VI present the available information on the carci-
nogenicity of chemicals which have been found in water (Table I)
and chemicals which could potentially be present in water
(Table III). Most of the carcinogenicity information was ob-
tained from books which summarize the available data on carci-
nogenicity of chemicals in general. By far the greatest major-
ity of studies reported results on a few animals only and a
few studies attempted to show a dose-response relationship.
These tables include data obtained by oral administration and
where this is not available, the results from other routes of
administration are given in Tables Va and Via. The dosage forms
used varied considerably. Some were given in the diet and,
therefore, the amount of chemical in terms of body weight can-
not be computed without knowledge of food intake and weight of
animals. In other instances, the oral dose was available as
mg/kg of body weight. The incidence of appearance of tumors
in many cases is not available and results are denoted only
25
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as positives. The results appear to be different depending
upon the species of animals studied with mice giving the highest
proportion of positives. Presumably many of the studies used
mice selected for their susceptibility to tumor formation. In
some studies there was a high incidence of tumor formation in
rats used as controls.
Of the 66 chemicals the concentrations of which have been measured
in water,'33 have been examined for carcinogenicity and of these
15 or approximately 45 percent were found to be positive in
one or more animal tests. Of the 430 potential pollutants, 87
have been examined for carcinogenicity and 17 or approximately
20 percent were found to be potentially positive carcinogenic
agents.
Tables VII and VIII present available information with more or
less pertinency to mutagenicity and teratogenicity of chemicals
. measured in water and chemicals which potentially could be pre-
sent in water. In considering presumptive tests for mutageni-
city, caution is necessary in interpreting the results. It
can be seen from the tables that a variety of test systems have
been employed. Although these tell us different things about the
mutagen and the nature of mutation, it should be remembered that
most are of little reliability in terms of extrapolating to
man. Further reservations with respect to pesticides (which
constitute a large proportion of the compounds considered here)
26
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were expressed by others (337):"Although we can point to no
pesticide now in wide use that has been demonstrated to be muta-
genic, the overwhelming majority have, however, not been ade-
quately tested, although appropriate methodologies are now
available." Except in 11 instances in Tables VII and VIII,
all the data relating to mutagenicity or chromosomal effects
were obtained on plants or fungi. Of the 11 exceptions, 4 were
obtained on human cells in culture, 6 on mice, 1 on the kan-
garoo rat, and 1 on the fruit fly. Of the 29 chemicals examined,
all showed positive results in one form or another. Plant
tissues were exposed to the agent usually by soaking in high
concentrations, but duration of exposure was not available
for these and the frequency and duration of dosage for the
animal and human studies were not available or applicable.
The teratogenicity information was obtained on•32 chemicals
and positive results were obtained on 29, and only 1 of these
was obtained on humans while the rest were examined in mammals
and the chick. The latter is often considered to be an overly
sensitive system. The frequency and duration of these doses
were not reported. The one human study concerned methyl
mercury chloride and exposure was through eating contaminated
fish. Teratogenic effects were seen in this instance.
27
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Factors to be considered in assessing Toxicity Data
1. Chemical Interaction
The fate of active chemicals within the environment is im-
portant in assessing their ultimate toxicity. The reactions
which are usually involved in the alteration of chemical spe-
cies introduced into the biosphere are often quite simple and
can be easily predicted, such as hydrolysis, air oxidation,
and changes brought about by UV irradiation. Irradiation,
for instance, converts dieldrin to photodieldrin, a compound
with four times greater toxicity. The ability to predict
the product of such reactions and to evaluate the toxicity
of the resulting materials is possible because the water,
air, and light necessary for these reactions are known parts
of the biosphere. However, more complex interactions are
possible which are not easily predictable.
It has recently been found that the two anilide herbicides, pro-
panil and solan, are capable of interacting in the soil to yield
an asymmetric azobenzene (22). The presence of this new and
28
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potentially toxic agent is dependent upon the high concentration
of both propanil and solan available for degradation and subse-
quent reaction. This example illustrates the importance of having
a thorough knowledge of the individual components involved in any
chemical pollution situation before it can be stated that such
chemicals are not present in the water at concentrations which
may cause toxic symptoms. The extent and importance of such
molecular interaction has not yet begun to be either appreciated
or evaluated. Furthermore, the presence of interacting compounds,
as with any chemical pollutant, can only be suspected until tests
for their detection are available and used.
2. Microbial Decomposition
The molecular structure of almost all pollutants can be altered
by the action of microorganisms. Such bacterial action is the
basis of sewage treatment and is the major mechanism by which
detoxification of our natural waters is effected. Structures,
no matter how complex, can be metabolized by the concerted
action of various microbial species to inorganic compounds
(C0?, NH_, H2S) and the structural elements of the organisms
themselves (polysaccharides,proteins, lipids, nucleic acids,
and the subunits of these macromolecules). Such structural
elements themselves become part of the water's chemical milieu
when the microorganisms die and disassociate.
The decomposition of any complex compound to inorganic end
29
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products is a dynamic process. It is uncommon for one organism
to degrade fully any complex molecule intracellularly. Rather,
individual species will usually effect a single oxidation, dechlo-
rination, demethylation, hydrolysis, etc., converting a known ma-
terial into one of many new compounds. For instance, depending
on the species of microorganism present, even a resistant chemical
like DDT (l,l-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane) may be
converted to DDE (200), DDD, DDA, and a dicofol-like compound.
Other acidic metabolites may also be formed (305).
It is often difficult to predict the compounds which will or will
not be produced by microbial degradation. Of the 20 microorgan-
isms capable of degrading DDT in the second study above, none
produced DDE. Because of this, it is unrealistic to confine
one's attention solely to known parent compounds in natural
waters when assuredly the bacterial flora in the microenvironment
will have produced a spectrum of metabolites, all of which may
have their own toxicological properties. However, the data
available does not allow an evaluation of the impact of chemical
pollution beyond parent compounds.
3. Solubility
Many of the pollutant compounds which have been measured for
acute and chronic toxicity have limited solubility in water.
This may have led to errors in the past in arriving at L°CQ
values for such materials, especially for those measured using
30
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aquatic test animals such as fish. It has only recently been
realized that the inconsistencies in the tolerance of fish to
chlorinated pesticides have been due to the adsorption of these
compounds to the walls of test containers, making them unavailable
to the fish. The toxicity of such compounds may then vary with
the material out of which the test container is constructed.
This leads to errors in the data, in addition to those caused
by such earlier recognized problems as loss by vaporization and
hydrolysis during the course of the study.
In the natural state, chlorinated pesticides have been found
adsorbed to microparticulates in suspension in fresh water. The
presence of these toxic compounds in a colloidal state both de-
creases the reliability of determinations of their concentration
in water, and provides a reservoir of such compounds which may
dissociate back into the water system with time and decreased
soluble concentration. The distribution of compounds on micro-
particulates may vary. Certain molecules may be adsorbed to
inorganic colloids, while others may be associated with detritus
and microorganisms. In addition, the presence of detergents in
the water supply may alter the distribution of such1compounds
between the soluble phase and an adsorbed phase.
4. Analytical Accuracy
In an evaluation of this type the presence of a highly toxic
material in low concentration is more important than the exact
31
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concentration of an inert material. Thus, it is essential that
the analytical methods used be accurate. For instance, the liver
toxicity associated with halothane is thought to be due to a
0.02% contamination by dichlorohexafluorobutene (65). The tera-
togenic effect of 2,4,5-T herbicide is even now in question be-
cause of the presence of active impurities in the samples tested
(142).
Some of the analytical methods used in evaluating water quality
are poorly applicable to the generation of data relevant to a
toxicological evaluation. Atomic absorption spectroscopy indicates
the concentration of elements but not their form. Thus, for
example, it does not differentiate between metallic mercury,
mercuric ion, and organomercurials, all of which have differing
toxicities (306).
Those analytical methods which depend upon separatory methods for
identification (TLC, GLC, liquid chromatography) are likely to
miss or misidentify compounds with migration characteristics
similar to expected compounds or compounds present in high con-
centration. The sensitivity of read out with these methods is
also a source of error. Many highly toxic substances present
in low concentration can be overlooked as a result of such con-
siderations.
Then, too, certain analytical tests are designed to measure only
a particular functional group and we find values in the literature
•32
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for "phenol concentration". While biologically-derived phenols
are generally innocuous, most industrially produced phenols do
show some toxicity which varies with the compound tested. The
same is true within any organic series.
5. Chemical Homogeneity
The literature contains data for both the toxicity and concen-
tration in water sources of alkyl benzene sulfonates. While it
is probably reasonable to correlate the two kinds of data in
order to arrive at an estimate of the potential toxicity of
such water sources, it should be realised that such a correla-
tion is imprecise. Alkyl benzene sulfonate is a mixture of
numerous similar compounds as are many industrial chemicals.
Thus it is never certain that the chemical composition of a
batch which was used for toxicity testing is the same as that
found in fresh, natural water.
Commercial DDT contains less than 80% of the p,p-bis(dichlo-
rophenyl)-tri-chloroethane. Most of the remainder is the o ,p-
isomer with a significant amount of ODD being present. Toxi-
city studies on such a compound would probably be performed
using a homegeneous analytical grade of DDT, yet this compound
would never be introduced into the environment in such a form.
This fact, too, decreases the reliability of correlating toxi-
city data with water concentration data for a compound.
33
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6. Altered Metabolism
The interaction of multiple pollutants within the test organism
or within man is probably of greater importance in invalidating
toxicological correlations than the chemical interactions occurring
within the water system. The presence of one compound can entirely
change the physiological disposition of another. Parathion, para-
oxon and sumithion all interfere with the catabolism of propanil
and thus cause the latter compound to show increased toxicity.
A more important and commoner effect is the induction of liver
enzyme systems, especially microsomal enzymes, which catalyze
the more rapid degradation of coranon pollutants once induced.
Thus the LDsn values obtained in single dose toxicity studies
may bear no resemblance to the LD50 values one would find in an
animal in which these metabolic enzymes had been increased by
prior treatment with the same material or related materials.
This effect is most important in relating toxicity to the real
world where a continued input of drugs and foreign compounds
through ingestion and possibly inhalation may cause these cata-
bolic enzyme systems to exist continually in a more induced state.
Similarly, the increasing use of pesticidal synergists may greatly
alter the toxicity of compounds with which they find themselves
in association. The synergistic toxicity of a variety of actual
and potential pollutants should be considered. The pyrethrum
synergists, for instance, inhibit the microsomal oxygenase system
in the insect. As such, they are important in preventing the
34
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rapid biodegradation in vivo of insecticides. However, such
synergists may also prevent a similar degradation in man of a
wide variety of organic compounds and hence cause increased
toxicity.
Sources
Tables IX and X present chemicals which have been found in water
(Table IX) and chemicals which could potentially be found in water
(Table X) according to sources as given in the literature. The sources
are ranked in accordance with the number of chemicals originating from
each source and are categorized into three groups, namely industrial,
agricultural and domestic. In the industrial category the sources which
were defined as industrial without reference to the specific indus -
try are listed separately. Since Table IX represents chemicals which
have been measured in water on a more or less randomized basis, the
number of chemicals originating from a particular source is a matter
of chance rather than a matter of the contribution of a source to
the total water pollution problem. On the other hand, Table X lists
chemicals which could be present in water and, therefore, to some
extent reflect the contribution of a source to the total problem of
water pollution at least in terms of number of chemicals but not
necessarily in terms of the health aspects of chemical pollution of
water. Taking the two tables together we find that in the industrial
category chemical plants contribute the highest number of chemicals
which have been actually found or could potentially be found in fresh
water and exceeds any other industrial source by at least a factor of 2.
35
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The agricultural source of pollution is one of pesticides, while
domestic sources of pollution consist of detergents. In terms of
numbers of chemicals as well as classes of compounds, chemicals of
industrial origin contribute to fresh water pollution to a greater
extent than those originating from agricultural or domestic sources.
36
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V. QUALITY CRITERIA
From the health point of view, chemical quality criteria of water
should be based on concentrations of chemicals which, when exceeded,
is likely to produce physiologic, toxicologic, histopathologic, car-
cinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic and any other undesirable effects.
Any of these can be considered to be health limiting indices. Al-
though organoleptic effects are undesirable, they may not strictly
be considered to have a health effect if threshold concentrations
are below those indicating a demonstrable health effect as broadly
defined above. However, this approach deals only with chemicals
as entities in water and disregards the products of interactions
between chemicals in water and alterations brought about by or-
ganisms and environmental factors. In addition, it ignores the
synergistic biologic effects of chemicals acting in combination.
If we accept the premise that quality criteria should be based on
the maximum ineffective concentration, then it would appear that
the most important information we require for each chemical in
water is that pertaining to the maximum concentration which can be
shown to have no health effects in humans. Obviously, this cannot
be obtained in a practical manner using humans except by epidemic-
logical studies which, because of the variety of chemicals in water
and the generally polluted condition of our environment together
with adaptive compensations, cannot be expected to be fruitful in
terms of specific information on some chemicals. This epidemiolo-
gical approach in some instances has borne fruit and should not be
•37
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eliminated from consideration. The beneficial (<8 ppm) and harm-
ful concentrations (>10 ppm) of fluoride were demonstrated using
this approach and undoubtedly it should be considered as being
useful for assessing the effects of chemicals which are not easily
altered in water and for which there are specific demonstrable
effects. In general, however, we must resort to animal studies
to obtain the necessary information but must consider the attendant
problems of extrapolation to human effects.
Except for the Russian literature, the basis upon which different
countries arrive at quality criteria is not clear. Publications
which purport to discuss the rationale for arriving at quality
criteria present generalizations which are of little value (70,
82, 109, 145, 146, 162, 163, 171, 172,•326, 327,-391,•398, 446).
The Russians arrive at suggested maximum permissible concentrations
by examination of three factors:
• Organoleptic thresholds using human subjects
• Biochemical oxygen demand
• Toxicological effects from acute, medium, and long-
term animal studies
With this approach the lowest oral maximum ineffective dose obtained
for the parameters examined and animal species tested is used as
the MFC after direct conversion to mg/1.
Generally, their toxicological studies are carried out in one or
more of 4 species, namely mice, rats, guinea pigs, and rabbits
•38
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using the oral route of administration. From the acute studies,
LD__ and acute toxic effects are determined. Chronic effects are
examined in medium-term studies (1-2 months) and are further studied
in long-term studies covering a period ranging from 5 to 8 months.
From the data obtained, the suggested MFC is generally but not al-
ways based on the highest dose examined which does not induce an
effect in either of the three factors studied. If we examine
the table (Table XI) of reported maximum no-effect concentrations,
we find that organoleptic effects form the highest proportion
of cases. This general approach initiated by Cherkinskii (55,
59, 61) does not take into account effects which may be even more
limiting, i.e. carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and teratogenicity.
In addition, it is erroneous to assume that the highest dose which
does not produce toxicological effects for the species of animals
used is directly applicable to man. It may or may not be and a
safety factor is undoubtedly desirable.
Within recent years we have increasingly recognized the importance
of carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic effects of pharmaceu-
tical agents and chemicals used as food additives. Tables V, VI,
VII and VIII show that many of the chemicals which are found in
water or potentially could be present in water are carcinogenic,
teratogenic and/or mutagenic. To date these data have not been
used systematically as limiting indices although food additives
with carcinogenic properties are banned from use. Because of
our daily physiological need for water, we are in much greater
danger from the presence of these chemicals in water.
39
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How carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and teratogeniclty data can be
used for setting water quality criteria is a question of some
concern. Current regulations totally prohibit the addition of
carcinogenic substances to foods regardless of how carcinogeni-
city was demonstrated in animals. At the time this report was
written, the reasonability of this approach is being questioned
and the alternative approach of a threshold dose is favored by
some. However, as can be seen in Tables V and VI, evidence
upon which the threshold approach to the question of carcinogens
in water can be rationally considered is generally lacking.
An approach which prohibits the presence of carcinogenic chemicals
in water is probably impractical and water quality criteria based
on carcinogenicity may have to be resolved using the threshold
approach. However, better information than is currently available
will need to be obtained because currently available data are in-
sufficient for the purposes of arriving at threshold doses.
Although no precedent exists upon which quality criteria of water
can be based for teratogenicity and mutagenicity, the same questions
and lack of data apply.
Information required specifically for use in arriving at quality
criteria for water should be obtained by the oral route of admi-
nistration.
40
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On the basis of the information available, the most useful data
for arriving at permissible concentrations are those obtained
from chronic toxicity studies. However, acute tcxicity data is
useful for determining relative toxicity and for arriving at doses
for chronic toxicity.
The information obtained from animal studies needs to be assessed
in terms of arriving at a basis for permissible concentrations
for humans. In this respect the limiting index selected will be
the lowest maximum ineffective dose found for all the parameters
examined and animal species studied. This, however, can only be
used as a starting point.
The applicability of animal toxicity information for predictions
of toxic effects in man can vary considerably depending upon the
compound and the choice of species. It is readily apparent that
the choice of an insect to determine the toxicity of an organo-
phosphate in man would be absurd. The organophosphates are use-
ful as selective insecticides because of the differential meta-
bolic rate of these compounds between insects and higher forms
of life. However, even among the chordates, great differences
in toxicity of specific compounds are apparent. Rotenone is very
toxic to fish; warfarin is selectively toxic to Norway rats and
mice. An extreme example is the compound norbormide which shows
no toxicity at 1,000 mg/kg in mice, cats, dogs, sheep, swine, or
primates but has an oral LD5Q of about 10 mg/kg in the Norway rat
41
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A number of approaches to the problem of gaining information re-
lating to the possible harmful effects of a compound using model
species has been used. Attempts to obtain data which could more
easily and effectively be applied to human beings using monkeys
as experimental animals in toxicity studies have been made. It
has been shown quite often, however, that although the monkey is
a close phylogenetic relative of man, its metabolism quite often
is not related. In a recent study of 23 anticancer drugs (358)
it was found that the monkey was a predictor for organ-specific
toxicity in man only 5 out of 8 times on the average. When dogs
were included predictions were improved.
Attempts have been made to select a species which simulates man
most closely in the absorption, distribution, metabolism and ex-
cretion of a compound and its metabolites. This is usually per-
formed by giving the compound to a number of different species
and selecting the one which simulates man most in its response
and metabolism. This, of course, requires prior knowledge of the
action and metabolism of the compound in man and although this
approach is useful for screening a variety of chemically related
compounds for pharmaceutical purposes, it may not be applicable
for use in the wide variety of chemical species found in water.
Another attempt to obtain toxicological information which is
applicable to man is the use of tissue culture techniques. These
techniques involve the growing of human and animal cells outside
of the body in chemically defined media. The advantages of this
42
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method are: the low cost of the technique, the fact that less com-
pound is required, the ability to use cells of human origin, the
establishment of reliable controls and the creation of exact con-
ditions of concentration and local environment. Although this
method holds great promise, the results obtained often do not corre-
late with clinical findings. By observing only the component parts
of a complex system, one may miss effects which can be seen only
with the whole system. The form and the concentration of an active
compound which a cell is exposed to by the tissue culture approach
may bear no resemblance to what that same cell may be exposed to
within the living organism.
The Russians have faced this problem as applied to chemical pollu-
tants of water (59) by administering the chemical to a number of
/•
animal species and selecting the species which proved to be most
sensitive for more extensive study using a variety of parameters
which involve a great deal of time and effort.
The foregoing serves as examples of the difficulties involved in
using animal data for prediction of effects of chemicals in man
and the problems involved in the toxicological evaluation of po-
tentially harmful pollutants remain large.
Finally, the interaction of multiple compounds remains to be de-
termined. As mentioned elsewhere in this report, the toxic ef-
fects evidenced when a person is brought into contact with one
43
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chemical entity within a short time after having been exposed to
another may often be dramatically dissimilar to those evoked by
either chemical alone. The type of analysis of the potential
toxicological behavior of compounds present in fresh water pre-
sented in this report appears inadequate in relation to all these
problems, but without extensive experimental programs, it is the
best that can be performed in our current state of knowledge.
The exact means by which animal data can be used to arrive at
permissible criteria will probably continue to be based on the
availability of factual information combined with the best
expert opinion and a reasonable inclination to err on the safe
side. The Russian approach of directly applying the maximum
ineffective concentration obtained in animals to man is not to
be recommended.
With the above considerations in mind the available information
on suggested maximum permissible criteria and information that
can be used for arriving at permissible criteria can be examined
for pertinency and usefulness.
Table XI presents reported maximum concentrations of organic
chemicals which produce no effect when administered chronically
or when tested for organoleptic effects in man. It will be
noted that except in a few instances the sources for the in-
formation in this table are from Russian literature.
44
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Approximately 80% of the data is derived from organoleptic ef-
fects using human subjects. In other words, the organoleptic
threshold was found to be lower than either the biochemical
oxygen demand doses or the maximum ineffective dose in toxicolo-
gical animal studies.
Table XII presents the ranking of acute toxicity based on LDS
data and show that the chlorinated hydrocarbons are outstanding
in terms of their intense acute toxicity as measured by ID
in mammals. Since these compounds have all been found to be
present in fresh water, it becomes of especial concern to
direct our attention to them. Of the six compounds found to
have an oral LD of 1-100 mg/kg, five of these compounds are
chlorinated hydrocarbons. More specifically, endrin, isodrin,
aldrin, endosulfan and toxaphene can be considered to be all
derivatives of norbornene. It is interesting that, except
for methyl mercuric chloride, the most toxic compounds now
found in fresh water should all have the same basic chemical
nucleus.
Heptachlor, the ninth entry in this ordered list, and 'chlordane
also have the same chlorinated norbornene nucleus. Aside from
these compounds, however, the other most highly acute toxic com-
pounds do not share common structural features. Most of them do
45
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contain chlorine atoms, however. Thus, within those compounds that
have a reasonably high toxicity (100-200 mg/kg LD50) in addition
to those compounds already mentioned, can be seen three hexachloro-
cyclohexanes (lindane and BHC); two forms of a chlorinated phenol;
the organometallic methyl mercury compounds; the chlorinated dia-
ry lalkanes, DDT and DDD; two simple amines; a benzonitrile; an
organic phosphate (Def); and two chlorinated phenoxyacetic acids
(2,4,5-T and 2,4-D).
Examination of the rest of the list reveals similar compounds:
amines (some organic), another phenoxycarboxylic acid, another
organic phosphate, another chlorinated diarylakane and a number
of phenolic compounds. The only new group of compounds present
toward the latter part of this list is the surfactant family
represented by different forms of alkyl benzene sulfonates.
A different picture presents itself among those organic compounds
considered potential pollutants of fresh water which have not yet
been reported to be present in fresh water and which are listed
in Table XIII. Because of their greater number, it is probably
best to turn our attention first to those compounds having an
oral LDcQ value of less than 10 mg/kg. Among this group of 23
compounds, 15 are phosphate esters. While the substituent groups
may differ among these 15 compounds, it may be assumed that it is
the phosphate ester constituent itself which is responsible for
the high toxicity. The remaining eight compounds are substituted
46
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pyridines (nicotine and picoline); carbamates (Isolan and Temik);
the substituted indanedione anticoagulant, diphacinone; acrolein;
the organometallic, tetraethyltin; and acetone cyanohydrin (which
is toxic due to the fact that it releases hydrogen cyanide).
Among the remaining compounds with an acute toxicity of 1-100 mg/kg,
the organophosphorus compounds again make up the largest grouping,
with 20 pesticides falling within this category. No other simi-
larly large group is found. Seven of these remaining compounds
are carbamates, five are phenols and four contain the nitrile group.
The ability of the organic phosphate esters and of the carbamates,
for instance, to rapidly hydrolyze in water, may prevent the accu-
mulation of high concentrations of these materials in fresh water
and so decrease the pollution hazard of these compounds.
It is apparent from the relatively small size of Table XIV that
little has been published on the chronic threshold doses of com-
pounds which may appear in fresh water. All of the data presented
in this table are from the Russian literature and include threshold
doses resulting from changes in conditioned reflex behavior. Most
noticeable is the absence of pesticides from this table. Those
which have been investigated, such as carbothione and simazine,
are found to have a low ranking in terms of threshold dose.
Most of the other compounds in the table are common organics
which share little in terms of structural similarity. Extrapola-
tions from this meager data is impossible because it is diffi-
cult to judge how much the presence of data on a functional
47
-------
chemical group is due to investigator interest or how much it is
due to lack of investigation of other compounds.
The most noteworthy feature of Table XIV is the presence of the
three organometallic compounds, tetraethyl tin, ethyl mercuric
chloride, and diethyl mercury at the top of the listing. The
next compound in the list has a 50-fold higher threshold dose
than the least toxic of these compounds. Alcohols and diols
are scattered throughout the list. Although the fourth through
sixth compounds in order of decreasing toxicity are alcohols,
it is difficult to call special attention to this group in terms
of toxicity. This is likewise the case with the chlorinated com-
pounds which are widely scattered throughout the list. The pre-
sence of both aliphatic and aromatic amines at the beginning and
throughout the middle of the listing does not specifically call
attention to amines as potentially toxic functions in relation to
chronic threshold dose. To be able to determine toxicity informa-
tion from such a ranking of threshold doses it would be necessary
for many more compounds to be investigated and placed within such
a ranking.
If, as noted elsewhere, threshold dose from chronic toxicity studies
is an important means for arriving at quality criteria for chemicals
in fresh water, the apparent incompleteness of this table indicates
that efforts have not been particularly directed towards obtaining
this information.
48
-------
TABLE I - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS LOOKED FOR AND FOUND IN
FRESH WATER
This table lists the concentrations of organic pollutants that
have been found in water and tabulated, where appropriate, ac-
cording to their chemical composition described under Section
3 and 4. The source and location of the chemicals are also
tabulated where this information was available. For a number
of chemicals several concentrations found at the same location
at different times or at different locations are shown, if
available. Concentrations of pesticides in fresh water form
the largest contribution in the US literature while the largest
input from industrial and domestic sources were obtained from
the foreign literature.
-------
TABLE I - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS LOOKED FOR AND FOUND IN FRESH WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
VO
UNSUBSTITUTED
291 METHANE
CH,
HALOGENATED
69 ALDRIN
439
ALKANES AND ALKENES
well water, 111.
dissolved gases
product of anaerobic de-
composition of organic
matter in marshes, mines
and sludge, digestion
tanks; waste from
natural gas & petroleum
plants
pesticide 2-6 Ib./acre Snake R. Pullman, Wash.
Hudson R. below Poughkeepsie
W.Y.
Maumee R. Toledo, Ohio
Mississippi R. Dubuque, Iowa
Detroit R. Detroit, Mich.
Missouri R. Kansas City, Kans.
Colorado R. near Boulder City
Nev.
Colorado R.,Page, Arizona
Rio Grande,Brownsville, Tex.
0.8 ml/1
87 ml/1
0.001 mg/1
presumptive Sept. 1964
0.085 ug/1
presumptive
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
In
O
Ref Agent
439 ALDRIN (cont.)
174
42
139
102,
447
37
Source Location
ALKANES AND ALKENES
Snake R. Ice Harbor Dam, Wash.
Bear R. above Preston, Idaho
Snake R. , Wash.
agricultural Missouri R. at Nebraska
Arkansas R. at van Buren, Ark.
Snake R. at King Hill, Idaho
Columbia R. at Dalles, Ore.
Rio Grande, El Paso, Tex.
Snake R. Pullman, Wash
Red R., Alexandria, La.
Snake R. Wawawai, Wash.
Chattahoochee R. Lanett, Ala.
Savannah R. , N. Augusta, S.C.
Merrimack R., Lowell Mass.
Yakima R., Richland, Wash.
Yellowstone R. , Sidney, Mont.
19 stations in various river
Concentration
presumptive
it
0.001 mg/1
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/tf
0.005 ug/3*
0.005 ug/I*
presumptive
0.001 mg/1
0.006 ug/1
0.003 ug/1
0.002 ug/1
<0.001 ug/1
<0.001 ug/1
<0.001 ug/1
<0.001 ug/1
presumptive
Sept. 1964
ii
it
May 1966
June 1966
ti
April 1966
1966
1967
1964
1959
1962
1958-65
1961
1958
1964
259
* samples taken monthly for one year
basins
Hudson R.
other surface waters
0.26 ug/1 1964
0.11 ug/1, minimum value
1964-66
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
357 ALDRIN (cont.)
240
agricultural
24
289 BENZENE HEXACHLORIDE
H
formulating plants at
Greenville, Clarksdale,
Indianola
primary manufacturer of
endrin and heptachlor,
Memphis, Tenn.
pesticide
400 samples (drinking water)
Missouri R. at Nebraska City
Brazos R. at Richmond, Tex.
Rio Grande below Anzaldvas
Dam, Tex.
Colorado R., Yuma, Ariz.
Sacramento R., Verona, Calif.
Yakima R. Kiona, Wash.
Snake R., King Hill, Idaho
Columbia R., Dalles, Ore.
Mississippi R. tributaries
Memphis Wolf R. Cypress Creek
complex
Tombigbee R. Ala.
over 50 samples had
detectable concentrations
none over MFC
0.02 ug/1* May 1968
0.01 ug/1* Feb. 1967
0.04 ug/1* March 1967
0.02 ug/1* June 1967
0.02 ug/1* Feb. 1967
0.01 ug/1* Feb. 1967
0.01 ug/1* Oct. 1966
0.01 ug/1* Feb. 1967
0.01 ug/1* Feb. 1967
1966
1966-67
found in fish
Cl H
* samples taken monthly from each river for 2 years
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
439 BENZENE HEXACHLORIDE
(cont.)
139
Ul
ro
Martins Creek, Pa.
Mississippi R. at West
Memphis, Ark.
Connecticut R. at Enfield
Dam, Conn.
Hudson R. at Narrows N.Y.
presumptive
1964
0.004 ug/1 Sept. 1966
0.034 ug/1 "
Apalachiocola R., Chattahoochee, presumptive
Fla.
Chattahoochee R., Lanett, Ala. 0.008 ug/1
Allegheny R., Pittsburgh, Pa. 0.013 ug/1
Ohio R., Evansville, Ind. 0.002 ug/1
Ohio R., Cincinnati, Ohio 0.056 ug/1
Ohio R., Addison, Ohio 0.026 ug/1
Mississippi R., St.Paul, Minn. 0.012 ug/1
St. Joseph R., Benton Harbor, 0.003 ug/1
Mich.
South Platte R., Julesburg, Colo. 0.022 ug/1
Arkansas R., Ponca City, Okla. 0.008 ug/1
Mississippi R., Vicksburg, Miss. 0.011 ug/1
Rio Grande, El Paso, Tex. 0.023 ug/1
Trinity R., Livingston, Tex. 0.013 ug/1
Colorado R., Loma, Colo. 0.006 ug/1
San Joaquin R., Vernalis, Calif. 0.008 ug/1
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
tn
ALKANES AND ALKENES
439 BENZENE HEXACHLORIDE
(cont.)
448
134 CHLORDANE
C.1 CJ
C]
139
water supply
cotton runoff areas
pesticide applied at
<1 Ib./acre - not
used on edible crops
Delaware R., Martins Creek, Pa.
Mississippi R*, W. Memphis, Ark.
Red R., Grand Forks, N.D.
Ohio R. Cairo , 111.
Verdigris R., Nowata, Okla.
Connecticut R.,Enfield Conn.
Monongahela R., Pittsburgh Pa.
Apalachicola R., Chattahoochee,
Fla.
Sacramento R., Green's Landing
Calif.
Red R. Grand Forks, N.D.
St. Lawrence R., Massena, N.Y.
Missouri R., Kansas City
Savannah R., N. Augusta, S.C.
presumptive 1964
it ii
0.004 ug/1 19655
0.002 ug/1
presumptive "
0.022 ug/1 1958-64
CAM top ten
0.011 ug/1 "
0.004 ug/1
0.003 ug/1
0.003 ug/1
<0.001 ug/1
up to 0.75 ug/1
rain water 0.15 in. Cincinnati - 0.5 mg/1
roof of Taft Center
Delaware Bay
Roanoke R., John H. Kerr
Reservoir and Dam
presumptive Sept 1966
0.019 ug/1 "
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
139 CHLORDANE (cont.)
24
Cn
440 DIELDRIN
439
ALKANES AND ALKENES
primary manufacturer of
endrin & heptachlor
Memphis, Tenn,
pesticide formulating
plants
pesticide
Chattahoochee R., Lanett, Ala.
Tennessee R., Bridgeport, Ala.
Missouri R., St. Louis, Mo.
Sacramento R., Green's Landing,
Calif.
Snake R. American Falls, Idaho presumptive
Memphis Wolf. R., Cypress Creek
complex
Horseshoe Bayou, Fish Lake,
Greenville, Jone's Bayou at
Cleveland & Sunflower at«
Clarksdale & Indianola
0.075 ug/1 Sept. 1966
presumptive "
11 it
0.006 ug/1 "
1966
1966
rain-water 0.15 in. Cincinnati-
roof of Taft Center
Connecticut R. below Northfield
Mass.
Connecticut R.,Wilder Vt.
Hudson R. below Poughkeepsie
N.Y.
Merrimack R. above Lowell, Mass.
St. Lawrence R., Massena, N.Y.
Delaware R., Trenton, N.J.
Potomac R., Great Falls, Md.
0.003 mg/1
>0.022 ug/1 Sept. 1964
0.003 ug/1
0.008 ug/1 "
>0.071 ug/1 "
0.003 ug/1 "
0.009 ug/1
>0.040 ug/1 "
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
439 DIELDRIN (cont.)
In
Oi
Schuylkill R., Philadelphia, Pa.
Shenandoah R., Berryville, Va.
Susquehanna R.,Sayre, Pa.
Apalachicola R., Chattahoochee,
Fla.
Escambia R., Century, Fla.
Roanoke R., John H. Kerr
Reservoir and Dam, Va.
Savannah R., Port Wentworth, Ga.
Savannah R., N. Augusta, S.C.
Clinch R. above Kingston, Tenn.
Tennessee R., Bridgeport, Ala.
Allegheny R., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Ohio R., at Evansville, Ind.
Ohio R., Cincinnati, Ohio
Wabash R., New Harmony, Ind.
Illinois R., Peoria, 111.
Mississippi R., Cape Girardeau,
Mo.
East St. Louis, 111.
Burlington, Iowa
Lock and Dam 3 below
St. Paul, Minn.
Rainy R., Baudette, Minn.
>0.032 ug/1 Sept. 1964
0.005 ug/1 "
0.003 ug/1 "
0.016 ug/1
presumptive " '
0.020 ug/1
>0.118 ug/1
0.014 ug/1
0.006 ug/1
presumptive
0.015 ug/1
0.013 ug/1
0.004 ug/1
0.003 ug/1
0.008 ug/1
presumptive
0.004 ug/1
0.008 ug/1
0.008 ug/1
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
439 DIELDRIN (cont.)
Red. R., Grand Forks, N.D.
Lake Michigan, Milwaukee, Wis.
Lake Superior, Duluth, Minn.
Big Horn R. Hardin, Mont.
Kansas R., DeSoto, Kans.
Missouri R., St.Louis, Mo.
Omaha, Nebr.
Yankton, S.D.
Bismark, N.D.
0.004 ug/1 Sept
0.007 ug/1
presumptive "
0.012 ug/1
0.004 ug/1 "
0.012 ug/1
presumptive
0.009 ug/1
0.005 ug/1
0.006 ug/1
in
N. Platte R. above Henry Nebr.
Platte R. above Plattsmouth, Nebr. 0.023 ug/1
S. Platte R., Julesburg, Colo. 0.016 ug/1
Yellowstone R. near Sidney, Mont. 0.008 ug/1
Arkansas R., Little Rock, Ark. 0.004 ug/1
near Ponca City, Okla. 0.008 ug/1
presumptive
it
0.016 ug/1
0.017 ug/1
presumptive
Coolidge, Kans.
Mississippi R., New Orleans, La
New Roads, La.
Vicksburg, Miss.
Delta, Va.
West Memphis, Tenn. "
0.007 ug/1
0.003 ug/1
Atchafalaya R., Morgan City, La. 0.009 ug/1
Verdigris R., Nowata, Okla. 0.005 ug/1
Red R.
(south), Alexandria La.
Denison Tex.
it
it
1964
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
439 DIELDRIN (cont.)
in
42
agricultural
Colorado R., Yuma, Ariz.
Parker Dam, Ariz.-
Calif.
Bolder City, Nev.
Page, Ariz.
Loma, Colo.
Rio Grande, Brownsville, Tex
Laredo, Tex.
El Paso, Tex.
below Alamosa, Colo.
Columbia R., Clatskanie, Ore.
Pasco, Wash.
Pend Oreille R., Albeni Falls
Dam, Idaho
Snake R., Ice Harbor Dam, Wash.
Wawawai, Wash.
Spokane R., Post Falls Dam,
Idaho
Willamette R., Portland, Ore.
Klamath R. near Keno, Ore.
Sacramento R., Green's Landing,
Calif.
Bear R. above Preston, Idaho
Missouri R. at Nebraska City,
Nebr.
presumptive Sept. 1964
it
0.002 ug/1
0.006 ug/1
0.008 ug/1
0.005 ug/1
0.009 ug/1
0.032 ug/1
0.007 ug/1
0.015 ug/1
0.002 ug/1
presumptive
II
II
0.003 ug/1
presumptive
0.007 ug/1
0.011 ug/1
presumptive
0.004 ug/1
0.006 ug/1 "
0.010 ug/1*' Oct. 1965
* sample taken monthly from each river for one year
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
42 DIELDRIN (cont.)
Missouri R. at Nebraska
City, Nebr.
Arkansas R. below John Martin
Reservoir, Colo.
Arkansas R. at van Buren, Ark.
Cn
CO
Brazos R. at Richmond Tex.
Colorado R. at Wharton, Tex.
Rio Grande below Anzalduas
Dam, Tex.
Colorado R. ( Yuma Main Canal)
at Yuma, Colo.
Sacramento R. at Verona, Calif,
Yakima R. at Kiona, Wash.
0.005 ug/1* Feb. 1966
0.015 ug/1* March 1966
0.005 ug/1* April 1966
0.015 ug/1* May 1966
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
Oct. 1966
April 1966
0.005 ug/1* Dec. 1965
0.005 ug/1* Feb. 1965
0.005 ug/1* Apr. 1966
0.010 ujj/1* July 1966
0.010 ug/1* Aug. 1966
0.010 ug/1* Feb. 1966
0.015 ug/1* May 1966
0.010 ug/1* June 1966
0.005 ug/1* Oct. 1965
0.010 ug/1* Jan.-Feb.
1966
0.010 ug/1* Oct. 1965
0.015 ug/1* Nov. 1965
0.015 ug/1* Dec. 1965
0.010 ug/1* Jan. 1966
0.010 ug/1* July 1965
0.005 ug/1* March 1966
0.010 ug/1*' March 1966
0.005 ug/1* May 1966
0.005 ug/1* March 1966
* sample taken monthly from each river for one year
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
42 DIELDRIN (cont.)
139
SO
ALKANES AND ALKENES
Snake R. at King Hill, Idaho
Columbia R. at Dalles, Ore.
Connecticut R. Enfield Dam, Conn.
Connecticut R. Northfield, Mass.
Hudson R., Poughkeepsie, N.Y.
Hudson R., Narrows, New York
Merrimack R., Lowell, Mass.
Delaware R., Trenton, N.J.
Delaware R., Martins Creek, Pa.
Schuylkill R. Philadelphia, Pa.
Delaware Bay
Shenandoah R., Berryville, Va.
Susquehanna R., Conowingo, Md.
Roanoke R., John H. Kerr
Reservoir and Dam, Va.
Neuse R., Raleigh, N.C.
Alapachicola R., Chattahoochee,
Fla.
Savannah R., Port Wentworth, Ga.
North Augusta, Ga.
0.005 ug/1* April 1966
0.010 ug/1* Dec. 1965
0.016 ug/1 Sept. 1966
0.017 ug/1
0.003 ug/1
presumptive
0.167 ug/1
0.003 ug/1 "
0.014 ug/1 "
0.015 ug/1
0.010 ug/1
0.025 ug/1 "
0.008 ug/1
0.031 ug/1 "
0.006 ug/1
0.004 ug/1 "
0.004 ug/1
0.048 ug/1
0.110 ug/1
* sample taken monthly from each river for one year
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
139 DIELDRIN (cont.)
Tennessee R. , Bridgeport, Ala.
Lenoir City, Tenn.
Allegheny R., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Kanawha R. , Winf ield Dam,
West Va.
Ohio R. Cairo, 111.
Evansville, Ind.
1 Cincinnati, Ohio
Illinois R., Peoria, 111.
Mississippi R., Cape Girardeau, 0.009 ug/1
Mo.
0.004 ug/1 Sept. 1966
0.005 ug/1
0.004 ug/1 "
0.015 ug/1 "
0.004 ug/1 "
0.004 ug/1 "
0.003 ug/1 "
0.003 ug/1 "
o\
o
Mississippi R. , E. St. Louis
111.
Burlington, Iowa
Dubuque , Ipwa
St. Joseph R. , Benton Harbor,
Mich.
Grand R. , Grand Haven, Mich
Kansas R. , De Soto, Kansas
Missouri R., St. Louis, Mo.
Kansas City, Kans.
presumptive
0.007 ug/1
0.002 ug/1
presumptive
0.004 ug/1
presumptive
0.004 ug/1
North Platte R. above Henry,
Nebr.
0.004 ug/1
0.004 ug/1
Red R. (north), Grand Forks, N.D. presumptive
Platte R. above Plattsmouth,
Nebr.
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
139 DIELDRIN (cont.)
Red R., Intern. Boundary
Atchafalaya R., Morgan City, La,
Arkansas R., Pendleton Ferry,
Ark.
Fort Smith, Ark.
Ponca City, Okla.
Brazos R., Arcola, Tex.
Mississippi R., New Orleans, La.
Vicksburg, Miss.
Delta, La.
W. Memphis, Ark.
Red R. (S), Alexandria, La.
Rio Grande, below Alamosa, Colo.
Trinity R., Livingston, Tex.
Verdigris R., Nowata, Okla.
Bear R., Preston, Idaho
Colorado R., Page, Ariz.
Loma, Colo.
Sacramento R., Green's Landing,
Calif.
Waikele Stream, Oahu, Hawaii
Columbia R., Clatskanie, Ore.
Snake R., Payette, Idaho
Willamette R., Portland, Ore.
presumptive Sept. 1966
0.005 ug/1
0.001 ug/1
presumptive
0.004 ug/1
0.005 ug/1
0.003 ug/1
0.005 ug/1
0.004 ug/1
0.012 ug/1
presumptive
0.012 ug/1
presumptive
0.010 ug/1
0.003 ug/1
0.002 ug/1
0.003 ug/1
0.004 ug/1
presumptive
0.004 ug/1
0.004 ug/1
it
it
-------
TABLE I. (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
139 DIELDRIN (cont.)
1965
it
N>
Tombigbee R., Columbus, Miss. 0.100 ug/1
Merrimack R., Lowell, Mass. 0.068 ug/1
Savannah R., N. Augusta, S.C. 0.051 ug/1 "
Kanawha R., Winfield Dam, W. Va. 0.045 ug/1 "
Rio Grande, Alamosa, Colo. 0.029 ug/1 "
Tennessee R., Lenoir City, Tenn. 0.028 ug/1 "
Ohio R., Cairo, 111. 0.028 ug/1 "
Mississippi R., Dubuque, Iowa 0.024 ug/1 "
Missouri R., Kansas City, Kans. 0.023 ug/1 "
Savannah R., Pt. Wentworth, Ga. 0.022 ug/1 "
Mississippi R., W. Memphis, Ark. 0.122 ug/1 1958-64CAM
Savannah R., Augusta, S.C. 0.056 ug/1 "
Ohio R., Cincinnati, Ohio 0.055 ug/1
Schuylkill R., Phila., Pa. 0.035 ug/1 "
Mississippi R., New Orlean, La. 0.034 ug/1 "
Delaware R., Phila., Pa. 0.033 ug/1 "
Apalachicola R., Chattahoochie,
Fla. 0.024 ug/1 "
Mississippi R., Vicksburg, Miss. 0.023 ug/1 "
Delta, La. 0.022 ug/1 "
Savannah R., Pt. Wentworth, Ga. 0.016 ug/1 "
Merrimack R., Lowell, Mass. 0.016 ug/1 "
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Re£ Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
37 DIELDRIN (cont.)
ON
u>
Connecticut R., Northfield,
Mass.
Delaware R., Trenton, N.J.
Potomac R., Washington, D.C.
Great Falls, Md.
Schuylkill R., Phila., Pa.
Susquehanna R., Conowingo, Md.
Sayre, Pa.
Apalachicola R., Chattahoochee
Fla.
Chattahoochee R., Lanett, Ala.
Clinch R., Kingston, Tenn,
Monongahela R., Pittsbuigh, Pa.
Ohio R., Evansville, Ind.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Addison, Ohio
Maumee R., Toledo, Ohio
Mississippi R., E. St. Louis,
111.
Burlington, Iowa
Lock & Dam 3, St. Paul, Minn.
Red R. (N), Grand Forks, N.D.
Detroit R., Detroit, Mich.
Lake Michigan, Milwaukee, Wis.
presumptive Sept. 1965
0.018 ug/1 "
0.003 ug/1 "
0.016 ug/1
0.014 ug/1 "
0.002 ug/1 "
presumptive
0.016 ug/1
0.005 ug/1 "
0.007 ug/1
0.005 ug/1 "
0.002 ug/1
0.006 ug/1
0.007 ug/1
0.024 ug/1
0.005 ug/1
0.009 ug/1
presumptive
0.007 ug/1
0.018 ug/1
0.003 ug/1
it
it
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
37 DIELDRIN (cont.)
448, 385
24
Primary manufacturer
of endrin & heptachlor
Memphis, Tenn,
Kansas R., DeSoto, Kans.
0.003 ug/1 Sept. 1965
0.004 ug/1
Missouri R., St. Louis, Mo.
Kansas City, Kans. 0.023 ug/1 "
Platte R., Plattsmouth, Nebr. 0.010 ug/1 "
Atchafalaya R., Morgan City, La.0.013 ug/1 "
Mississippi R., New Orleans, La. 0.005 ug/1 "
Vicksburg, Miss. 0.004 ug/1 "
Delta, La. 0.004 ug/1 "
W. Memphis, Ark. 0.018 ug/1 "
San Juan R., Shiprock, N. Mex. presumptive "
Rio Grande, El Paso, Tex. 0.003 ug/1 "
Columbia R., Clatskanie, Ore. 0.003 ug/1 "
Willamette R., Portland, Ore. 0.005 ug/1 "
Sacramento R., Greens Landing,
Calif. 0.011 ug/1
San Joaquin R., Vernalis, Calif. 0.005 ug/1 "
Waikele Stream, Hawaii 0.018 ug/1 "
100 locations in U.S. 0.0000-0.118 ug/1 1965
Memphis Wolf R., Cypress Creek 1966-67
Complex
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source.
Location
Concentrat ion
ALKANES AND ALKENES
24 DIELDRIN (cont.)
Pesticide formulating
plants
38
259
application to foliage
soil and water courses
Ui
357
240
agricultural
Horseshoe Bayou and Fish Lake at
Greenville, Jones Bayou at Cleveland
and Sunflower R. at Clarksdale and
Indianola
1966
London, England (rainwater)
Britain
USA (river basins)
Savannah R., N. Augusta, S.C.
Niagara R.
drinking water
Missouri R. at Nebraska City
Nebr.
Platte R., Brady, Nebr.
Arkansas R. below John Martin
Reservoir, Colo.
Brazos R. at Richmond, Tex.
3.3-17.3 ug/1 Aug. 66-July 67
1.5-4.7 ug/1
5.7-7.7 ug/1 1964
2.0-3.4 ug/1 1965
1962
0.083 ug/1 max. value
August 1964
0.006 ug/1 min. value
Sept. 1965
found in 195 out of 455
samples
1 exceeds MPC
0.01 ug/1* March 1967
0.07 ug/1* June 1967
0.04 ug/1* May 1968
0.01 ug/1* Jan. 1968
0.01 ug/1* May 1968
0.01 ug/1* June 1968
0.01 ug/1* July 1968
0.01 ug/1* April 1968
* sample taken monthly from each river for two years.
-------
TABLE I (CONT.). - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Source
Location
Concentration
ON
ALKANES AND ALKENES
240 DIELDRIN (cont.) Colorado R., Wharton, Tex. J.
Gila R.
below Gillespie, Ariz. 0.
0.
0.
Yakima R. , Kiona, Wash. 0.
0.
0.
0.
Snake R
. , King Hill, Idaho 0.
Columbia R., Dalles, Ore. 0.
309 ENDOSULFAN pesticide spillage Rhine R
(Thiodan)
Cl
ci T'CIU-O
Cl Z
ENDRIN chlorinated organic
PI pesticide
•
01
01
02
01
01
02
04
01
oi
01
ug/1*
ug/1*
ug/1*
ug/1*
ug/1*
ug/1*
ug/1*
ug/1*
ug/1*
ug/1*
March
Nov.
April
Sept.
March
April
June
Oct.
June
Oct.
1967
1967
1968
1968
1967
1967
1967
67-July 68
1967
1966
23 />lv/" x^/T^ manufacturing plants Mississippi R. (119 points) High
224 JaCLJH--Hrj) pesticide, cane farming surface
waters in Louisiana 0.
0.
36
70
ug/1
ug/1
1961
1964
439
Cl
pesticides
Connecticut R. below Northfield
Mass.
0.25 ug/1 Sept. 1964
* sample taken monthly from each river for two years.
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
439 ENDRIN (cont.)
presumptive
0.94 ug/1
0.009 ug/1
presumptive
presumptive
ON
St. Lawrence R., Massena, N.Y.
Potomac R., Great Falls, Md.
Shenandoah R., Berryville, Va.
Escambia R., Century, Fla.
Susquehanna R., Sayre, Pa.
Clinch R., above Kingston, Tenn. 0.015 ug/1
Tennessee R., Bridgeport, Ala. 0.005 ug/1
Allegheny R., Pittsburgh, Pa. presumptive
Ohio R., Evansville, Ind. "
Mississippi R., E. St. Louis, ill. "
Burlington, Iowa 0.004 ug/1
Lock & Dam 3
below St. Paul
Rainy R., Baudette, Minn.
Red R. (N), Grand Forks, N.D.
Lake Michigan, Milwaukee, Wis.
Big Horn R., Hardin, Mont.
Kansas R., DeSoto, Kan.
Sept. 1964
0.006 ug/1
0.011 ug/1
0.023 ug/1
0.006 ug/1
0.026 ug/1
0.005 ug/1
Missouri R., St. Louis, Mo. 0.009 ug/1
Bismark, N. D. 0.009 ug/1
S. Platte R., Julesburg, Colo.,
S. Channel 0.014 ug/1
Yellowstone R., near Sidney,
Mont. 0.021 ug/1
-------
TABLE. I, (CQNT.X - CONCENTRATION*OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
439 ENDRIN (cont.)
Arkansas R., Little Rock, Ark.
near Fonca City,
Ark.
0.008 ug/1 Sept. 1964
0.014 ug/1
Mississippi R., New Orleans, La. presumptive
New Roads, La. 0.023 ug/1
Vicksburg, Miss. 0.025 ug/1
Delta, Miss. presumptive
W. Memphis, Ark. "
ON
00
Red R. (S), Alexandria, La.
Denison, Tex.
Atchafalaya R.,Morgan City, La.
Verdrigis R., Nowata, Okla.
Colorado R., Yuma, Ariz.
Colorado R., above Parker Dam
• Ariz.
Page, Ariz.
Rio Grande, Laredo, Tex.
El Paso, Tex.
Columbia R., Olatskanie, Ore.
Pasco, Wash.
Pend Oreille R., Albeni Fall Dam
Idaho "
Willamette R., Portland, Ore. 0.017 ug/1
0.013 ug/1
0.007 ug/1
0.018 ug/1
0.013 ug/1
presumptive
ti
0.012 ug/1
0.003 ug/1
0.067 ug/1
0.019 ug/1
presumptive
Sacramento R., Greens Landing,
Calif.
Bear R., above Preston, Idaho
presumptive
0.009 ug/1
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
-------
TABLE I CCONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
37 ENDRIN (cont.)
Delaware R., Trenton, N.J. 0.018 ug/1
Tombigbee R., Columbus, Miss. 0.015 ug/1
Clinch R., above Kingston, Tenn. 0.015 ug/1
Tennessee R., Lenoir City, Tenn. 0.009 ug/1
Kanawha R., Winfield Dam, W. Va. presumptive
Monongahela R., Pittsburgh, Pa. 0.014 ug/1
Red R. (N), Grand Forks, N.Y. 0.009 ug/1
Sept. 1965
Missouri R., St. Louis, Mo.
Platte R., above Plattmouth,
Nebr.
S. Platte R., Julesburg, Colo.
Atchafalaya R.,Morgan City, La.
Mississippi R., Delta, La.
presumptive Sept. 1965
0.019 ug/1
0.008 ug/1
W. Memphis, Ark. 0.116 ug/1
Colorado R., Page, Ariz. presumptive
Rio Grande, below Alamosa, Colo. 0.014 ug/1
San Joaquin R., near Vernalis,
Calif. 0.005 ug/1
Mississippi R., W. Memphis, Ark. 0.214 ug/1
New Orleans, La. 0.160 ug/1
Vicksburg, Miss. 0.072 ug/1
Delta, La. 0.044 ug/1
Connecticut R., Enfield Dam,
Conn. 0.023 ug/1
Atchafalaya R., Morgan City, La. 0.015 ug/1
1958-1965
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
139 ENDRIN (cont.)
pesticide
VJ
o
Connecticut R., Northfield, Mass.0.014 ug/1 Sept. 1966
Hudson R., Narrows, N.Y. 0.069 ug/1 "
Roanoke R., John Kerr Reservoir
and Dam, Va. 0.011 ug/1 "
Neuse R., Raleigh, N.C. 0.008 ug/1 "
Savannah R., Port Wentworth, Ga. 0.031 ug/1 "
N. Augusta, Ga. 0.022 ug/1 "
Tennessee R., Bridgeport, Ala. 0.004 ug/1 "
Lenoir City, Tenn. 0.006 ug/1 "
Allegheny R., Pittsburgh,Pa. 0.003 ug/1 "
Lake Superior, Duluth, Minn. 0.022 ug/1 "
Mississippi R., Dubuque, Iowa 0.003 ug/1 "
St. Joseph R., Benton Harbor,
Mich. 0.029 ug/1 "
Missouri R., Kansas City, Kan. 0.005 ug/1
N. Platte R., above Henry, Neb. 0.009 ug/1 "
S. Platte R., Julesburg, Colo. 0.063 ug/1 "
AtchafalayaR.,Morgan City, La. 0.006 ug/1 "
Arkansas .., Fort Smith, Ark.- 0.004 ug/1 "
Mississippi R., New Orleans, La. 0.011 ug/1 "
Vicksburg, Miss. 0.012 ug/1 "
Delta, La. 0.014 ug/1 "
Bear R., Preston, Idaho 0.019 ug/1 "
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
139 ENDRIN (cont.)
42
agricultural
269
commercial orchard
447
448
Sacramento R., Greens Landing,
Calif.
Clearwater R., Lewiston, Idaho
Columbia R., Bonneville, Ore.
Willamette R., Portland, Ore.
Mississippi R.
Missouri R., Nebraska City, Nebr
Colorado R., Wharton, Tex.
Rio Grande below Anzalduas Dam,
Tex.
Colorado R. (Yuma Main Canal)
Yuma, Ariz.
Snake-R., King Hill, Idaho
Knights Creek (Dunn County) Wis,
Mississippi R., Cape Girardeau,
Mo.
Allegheny R., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Rio Grande, Brownsville, Tex.
Mississippi R., New Road, La.
Mississippi and Sacramento R.
Analysis of water in 100 loca-
tions in the U.S.
0.005 ug/1
0.015 ug/1 "
0.009 ug/1 "
presumptive
up to .214 ug/1 1963
0.015-0.116 ug/1 1964
.0.035 ug/1* May 1966
0.005 ug/1* Oct. 1965
0.010 ug/1* Feb. 1966
0.040 ug/1* May 1966
0.025 ug/1* June 1966
0.015 ug/1* June 1966
0.025 ug/1* Feb. 1966
June 1966
0.013 ug/1
0.012 ug/1
0.011 ug/1 "
0.010 ug/1 "
0.500 ug/1
0.0-0.94 ug/1 1966
-------
TABLE I CCONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
Is)
ALKANES AND ALKENES
24 ENDRIN (cont.)
23 HEPTACHLOR
Cl
439
cr
Cl Cl H
primary manufacturer of
endrin and heptachlor,
Memphis, Tenn.
pesticides formulating
plants
pesticide
1966-67
Memphis Wolf R., Cypress Creek
Complex
Horseshoe Bayou and Fish Lake
at Greenville, Jones Bayou at
Cleveland and Sunflower R. at
Clarksdale and Indianola
119 point along Mississippi R. High concentration near
plants which manufacture
endrin and heptachlor
Delaware R., Martin's Creek, Pa. presumptive Sept. 1964
Potomac R., Washington, D.C. " "
Escambia R., Century, Fla. " "
Roanoke R., John H. Kerr Reservoir
& Dam, Va. " "
Savannah R., N. Augusta, S.C. " "
Clinch R., Kingston, Tenn. " "
Maumee R., Toledo, Ohio " "
Red R. (N), Grand Forks, N.D. " "
St. Claire R., Port Huron, Mich. " "
Missouri R., Kansas City, Kan. " "
S. Platte R., Julesburg, Colo.
(N. Channel) " "
Arkansas R., Ponca City, Okla. " "
-------
TABLE I. (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
CO
Ref Agent Source Location
ALKANES AND ALKENES
439 HEPTACHLOR (cont.) Mississippi R. , New Orleans, La.
W. Memphis, Ark.
Colorado R., Boulder City, Nev.
Spokane R. , Post Falls Dam,
Idaho
310, 42 agricultural Missouri R. at Nebraska City,
Nebr.
Arkansas R. below John Martin
Reservoir
Arkansas R. , Reservoir, Colo.
at Van Buren, Ark.
Brazos R. at Richmond, Tex.
Colorado R. , at Wharton Tex.
Rio Grande below Anzalduas Dam,
Tex.
Yakima R. at Kiona, Wash.
Snake R. at King Hill, Idaho
139 Missouri R. , Kansas City, Kans.
37 Merrimack R. , Lowell, Mass.
St. Lawrence R. , Massena, N.Y.
Delaware R. , Martins Creek, Pa.
Concentration
presumptive
11
ii
ii
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.015 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.015 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.015 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.004 ug/1
presumptive
0.031 ug/1
0.025 ug/1
Sept. 1964
ii
ti
ii
Aug. 1966
Oct. 1965
May 1966
July 1966
March 1966
June 1966
Oct. 1965
Oct. 1965
Dec. 1965
Jan. 1966
May 1966
July 1966
Feb. 1966
Sept. 1966
Sept. 1965
ii
ii
* samples taken from each river monthly for one year
-------
TABLE I (C.ONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
37 HEPTACHLOR (cont.)
Potomac R., Great Falls, Md.
Savannah R., Pt. Wentworth, Ga.
Tennessee R., Lenoir City, Tenn.
Kanawha R., Winfield Dam, W. Va.
Ohio R., Cincinnati, Ohio
Addison, Ohio
Wabash R., New Harmony, Ind.
Illinois R., Peoria, 111.
Mississippi R., Burlington, Iowa
Dubuque, Iowa
Red R. (N), Grand Forks, N.D.
Detroit R., Detroit, Mich.
Missouri R., St. Louis, Mo.
Kansas City, Kans.
Atchafalaya R., Morgan City, La.
Colorado R., Page, Ariz.
San Juan R., Shiprock, N. Mex.
Rio Grande, Brownsville, Tex.
Alamosa, Colo.
Sabine R., Ruliff, Tex.
Sacramento R., Greens Landing,
Calif.
Atachfalaya R., Morgan City, La.
presumptive Sept. 1965
ti 'I
0.020 ug/1 "
presumptive "
0.024 ug/1 "
presumptive "
0.009 ug/1 "
presumptive "
0.048 ug/1 "
0.115 ug/1 "
0.015 ug/1
0.020 ug/1 "
0.008 ug/1
0.010 ug/1
presumptive
0.012 ug/1 "
0.035 ug/1 "
presumptive
0.020 ug/1
0.002 ug/1
1958-65*
* Highest level during time studied
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
37 HEPTACHLOR (cont.)
240
Ui
Mississippi R., W. Memphis, Ark.
Potomac R., Great Falls, Md.
Detroit R., Detroit, Mich.
Missouri R., at Nebraska City
Arkansas R. below John Martin
Reservoir, Colo.
at van Buren, Ark.
Brazos R. at Richmond, Tex.
Colorado R., Wharton, Tex.
Rio Grande below Anzalduas Dam,
Tex. ,
Colorado R. (Yuma Main Canal),
Yuma, Ariz.
Sacramento R. at Verona, Calif.
Yakima R., Kiona, Wash.
Snake R., King Hill, Idaho
presumptive 1958-65
11
it
0.01 ug/1* March 1967
0.01 ug/1* April 1967
0.04 ug/1* June 1967
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.04 ug/1*
Feb. 1967
June 1967
March 196 /
April 1967
May 1967
Feb. 1967
June 1967
Jan. 1967
Feb. 1967
March 1967
June 1967
March 1967
Feb. 1967
Oct. 1966-
April 1967
Feb. 1967
March 1967
April 1967
* samples taken monthly from each river for two years.
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
Oi
ALKANES AND ALKENES
240 HEPTACHLOR (cont.)
357
24
440 HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE
23
439
42
manufacturer of endrin
and heptachlor
pesticide formulating
plant
pesticide
agricultural
Columbia R., Dalles, Ore.
drinking water
Memphis Wolf R., Cypress Creek
Complex
Horseshoe Bayou and Fish Lake
at Greenville, Jones Bayou at
Cleveland and the Sunflower R.
at Clarksdale and Indianola
rain water 0.15 in. Cincinnati
roof of Taft Center
119 points along Mississippi R.
None detected in any river tested
Missouri R. at Nebraska City,
Nebr.
0.01 ug/1* Jan. 1967
0.01 ug/1* Feb. 1967
0.02 ug/1* March 1967
0.01 ug/1* June 1967
50 out of 125 samples -
none over MPC
1966-1967
1966
0.04 ug/1
High cone, near plants manu-
facturing endrin and hepta-
chlor
Sept. 1964
Arkansas R. below John Martin
Reservoir, Colo.
0.005 ug/1* May 1966
0.005 ug/1* July 1966
0.005 ug/1* Oct. 1965
0.005 ug/1* Feb. 1966
0.005 ug/1* July 1966
* samples taken monthly from each river for one year.
-------
TABLE I, (CQNT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
42 HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE (cont.) Arkansas R. at van Buren, Ark.
Brazos R. at Richmond, Tex.
Colorado R. at Wharton, Tex.
Rio Grande below Anzalduas Dam,
Tex.
Colorado R. (Yuma Main Canal) ,
Yuma, Ariz.
42 pesticide Sacramento R. at Verona, Calif.
Yakima R. at Kiona, Wash.
Snake R. at King Hill, Idaho
Columbia R. at Dalles, Ore.
139 Connecticut R. , Northfield, Mass
Hudson R., Narrows, N.Y.
Schuylkill R. , Philadelphia, Pa.
Shenandoah R., Berryville, Va.
Neuse R. , Raleigh, N.C.
Chattahoochie R. , Lanett, Ala.
Savannah R., Pt. Wentworth, Ga.
Tennessee R. , Bridgeport, Ala.
0.005 ug/1* March 1966
0.005 ug/1* Feb. 1966
0,005 ug/1* April 1966
0.005 ug/1* Oct. 1965
0.005 ug/1* Jan. 1966
0.005 ug/1* Oct. 1965
0.010 ug/1* March 1966
0.005 ug/1* Jan. 1966
0.005 ug/1* Jan. 1966
0.005 ug/1* March 1966
0.005 ug/1* March 1966
0.005 ug/1* July 1966
0.005 ug/1* Jan. 1966
0.005 ug/1* Jan. 1966
.0.001 ug/1 Sept. 1966
0.007 ug/1 "
presumptive "
11 it
0.008 ug/1
0.004 ug/1 "
0.006 ug/1 "
0.001 ug/1
* samples taken monthly for one year from each river.
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
00
ALKANES AND ALKENES
139 HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE (cont.) Kanawha R., Winfield Dam, W. Va.
St. Lawrence R. , Massena, N.Y.
Lake Erie, Buffalo, N.Y.
Lake Superior, Duluth, Minn.
Mississippi R. , Cape Girardeau,
Mo.
St. Paul, Minn.
Fox R. , Green Bay, Wis.
N. Platte R., Henry, Nebr.
Platte R., Plattsmouth, Nebr.
S. Platte R. , Julesburg, Colo.
Mississippi R. , New Orleans, La.
Delta, La.
Trinity R., Livingston, Tex.
Bear R. , Preston, Idaho
37 Lake Erie, Buffalo, N.Y.
Lt. Lawrence R. , Massena, N.Y.
Delaware R. , Martin's Creek, Pa.
Potomac R. , Washington, D.C.
Great Falls, Md.
Schuylkill R. , Philadelphia, Pa.
Tombigbee R. , Columbus, Miss.
Tennessee R., Lenoir, Tenn.
presumptive Sept. 1966
0.003 ug/1
presumptive
0.010 ug/1
0.002 ug/1
0.004 ug/1
presumptive "
0.004 ug/1
presumptive "
0.019 ug/1 "
0.003 ug/1
0.007 ug/1
presumptive "
0.005 ug/1 "
0.002 ug/1 Sept. 1965
0.017 ug/1 "
presumptive
0.003 ug/1 "
presumptive
n "
n "
n -i
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
37 HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE (cont.)
Ohio R. , Cairo, 111.
Addison, Ohio
0.002 ug/1
0.020 ug/1
Wabash R., New Harmony, Ind. 0.012 ug/1
Mississippi R., Burlington, Iowa presumptive
Dubuque, Iowa 0.067 ug/1
Red R. (N), Grand Forks, N.D. 0.020 ug/1
Detroit R., Detroit, Mich.
Missouri R. , St. Louis, Mo.
Kansas City, Kan.
<£>
presumptive
0.007 ug/1
0.014 ug/1
0.002 ug/1
presumptive
Platte R., Plattsmouth, Nebr.
Yellowstone R., Sidney, Mont.
Mississippi R., W. Memphis, Ark. 0.020 ug/1
Colorado R., Page, Ariz. presumptive
Rio Grande, Brownsville, Tex. "
Sabine R., Ruliff, Tex. "
Yakima R., Richland, Wash. 0.002 ug/1
Sacramento R., Greens Landing,
Calif. 0.019 ug/1
Mississippi R., W. Memphis, Ark. 0.020 ug/1
Missouri R., St. Louis, Mo. 0.002 ug/1
Mississippi R., New Orleans, La. 0.001 ug/1
St. Lawrence R., Massena, N.Y. 0.001 ug/1
Potomac R., Great Falls, Md. <0.001 ug/1
Sept.
n
ii
M
1965
1958-65*
* Highest levels during time studied
-------
TABLE. I, (CQNT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
240 HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE (cont.)
Missouri R. at Nebraska City,
Nebr.
Yakima R. at Kiona, Wash.
23, HEPTACHLORONORBORNENE close to plants manufac- 126 places in Mississippi R.
24 turing endrin and hepta- between Tiptonville, Tenn. and
Cl chlor New Orleans, La.
manufacturers of endrin Memphis Wolf R., Cypress Creek
and heptachlor Complex
below W. Memphis, Ark.
0.02 ug/1 June 1967
0.04 ug/1 June 1967
High
no residues in test sensi-
tive enough to detect 0.1 mg/1
00
o
23
24
HEXACHLORONORBORNADIENE close to plants manu-
facturing endrin and
heptachlor
•
-------
TABLE L (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Source
Location
Concentration
oo
ALKANES AND ALKENES
24 ISODRIN (cent.) manufacturers of endrin Memphis Wolf R. , Cypress Creek
and heptachlor Complex
42 LINDANE pesticide
(y-BHC) agricultural Missouri R. at Nebraska City,
Cl ITobr. 0.005 ug/1*
Clvy/\^ci
Ji 1 Arkansas R. below John Martin
Cr^YiSl Reservoir, Colo. 0.005 ug/1*
Cl 0.010 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
at van Bur en, Ark. 0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
Brazos R. at Richmond, Tex. 0.005 ug/1*
Colorado R. at Wharton, Tex. 0.010 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.020 ug/1*
Nov. 1965-
May 1966
Oct. 1965
Nov. 1965
Dec. 1965
Feb. 1966
March 1966
April 1966
May 1966
Dec. 1965
Feb. 1966
March 1966
April 1966
May, 1966
Feb. 1966
April 1966
May 1966
Jan. 1966
Feb. 1966
April 1966
Rio Grande below Anzalduas Dam,
Tex. 0.010 ug/1*
Oct. 1965
* sample from each river taken monthly for two years.
-------
TABLE I. (COOT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
42 LINDANE (cont.)
oo
447
259
cotton growing areas
Rio Grande below Anzalduas Dam,
Tex.
Colorado R. (Yuma Main Canal) at
Yuma, Ariz.
Sacramento R. at Verona, Calif.
Yakima R. at Kiona, Wash.
Snake R., King Hill, Idaho
Columbia R., Dalles, Ore.
river water and municipal water
supply, Alabama
Lake Champlain
0.005 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1
0.010 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.020 ug/1*
Nov. 1965
Dec. 1965
Jan. 1966
Feb. 1966
March 1966
May 1966
Aug. 1966
March 1966
April 1966
May 1966
March 1966
April 1966
May 1966
March 1966
April 1966
May 1966
July 1966
April 1966
Feb. 1966
March 1966
April 1966
Aug. 1966
0.015-0.760 ug/1
0.015 ug/1 Oct. 1965
* samples from each river taken monthly for period of one year.
-------
TABLE L (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLIUTANTS IN WATER
oo
04
448 TOXAPHENE
259 8 (Cl)—fcH
157 GLUCOSE
C6H12°6
Concentration
ALKANES AND ALKENES
240 LINDANE (cont.) Arkansas R. below John Martin
Reservoir, Colo.
Brazos R. at Richmond, Tex.
Rio Grande below Ansalduas Dam,
Tex.
Pecos R. near Artesia, N. Hex.
Gila R. below Gillespie Dam,
Ariz.
Yakima'R. at Kiona, Wash.
24 pesticide formulating Horseshoe Bayou and Fish Lake at
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
July 1968
May 1967
Dec. 1967
June 1967
Dec. 1967
Nov. 1967
Dec. 1967
Jan. 1968
March 1968
April 1968
May 1968
Sept. 1968
Oct. 1966
1966
plant
Greenville, Jones Bayou at Cleve-
land and Sunflower R. at Clarks-
dale and Indianola
water supply in cotton growing
areas
Mohawk R.
Lake Erken, Sweden
0.0004 mg/1
0.00075 mg/1
less than 6 ug/1 all year
* samples from each river taken monthly for two years.
-------
TABLE L (COOT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
oo
*-
ALIPHATIC
288 DIETHYLAMINE
(C2H5)2NH
DIMETHYLAMINE
(CH3)2NH
ETHYLAMINE
C2H5NH2
METHYLAMINE
AMINES
sewage from herbicides
and synthetic rubber
production
sewage from herbicides
and synthetic rubber
production
sewage from herbicides
and synthetic rubber
production
sewage from herbicides
and synthetic rubber
production
U.S.S.R. - river water sewage up to 1000 mg/1 1967
U.S.S.R. - river water sewage up to 1000 mg/1 1967
U.S.S.R. - river water sewage up to 1000 mg/1 1967
U.S.S.R. - river water sewage up to 1000 mg/1 1967
AROMATIC
180 ANILINE
(Phenyl-
amine)
399 BENZIDINE
NH
dye, varnish, rubber,
chemical and gas-plant
wastes
dye and pigment facto
ries
Kama R. (foreign)
0-traces
Sumida R. (Japan), Senjyu Bridge 0.257 mg/1
Shirahig Bridge 0.205 mg/1
Odai Bridge 0.439 mg/1
Dec. 1964
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
00
Ul
AMINES
399 NAPHTHYLAMINE
dye and pigment
factories
110 2,6-DICHLOROBENZONITRILE
(Dichlobenil) pesticide
HETEROCYCLICS
87 PYRIDINE
CARBOXYLIC
273 ACETIC ACID
coke chemical plant's
waste water
waste water of gas
generating plants
Sumida R. (Japan) Odai Bridge 0.290 mg/1*
Senjyu Bridge 0.387 mg/1*
Shirahige Bridge 0.275 mg/1*
irrigation waters in Colo.
Zaporozhye U.S.S.R.
Dnepropetrovsk U.S.S.R.
Ol'Khov U.S.S.R.
Gomel glass plant U.S.S.R.
Dulev porcelain plant
Gus-Khrustal glass plant
Tula "Podzemgas" Station
ORGANIC ACIDS
beet sugar, winery,
vinegar, soured-fruit,
wood distillation,
textile, or chemical
waste
Ohio R.
Lake Erken, Sweden
8.82 ug/1
9.6 mg/1
17.4 mg/1
5.0 mg/1
22.4 mg/1
15.0 mg/1
23.4 mg/1
15.6 mg/1
25.2 ug/1
<10 ug/1
1964
* naphthylamine and benzidine
-------
TABLE I (CONT.l -. CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
273 BUTYRIC ACID
(Butyrate)
ORGANIC ACIDS
used to decalcify
hides for varnishes
mfg. of esters in
artificial flavorings
Ohio R.
0.18 ug/1
273 CAPROIC ACID
Ohio R.
2.5 ug/1
00
42 2,4-1
240
agricultural
pesticide
agricultural
0-CH2-C-OH
Missouri R. at Nebraska City,
Nebr.
Yellowstone R. near Billings,
Mont.
James R. at Huron, S. D.
Arkansas R. below John Martin
Reservoir, Colo.
not present in rivers studied
1965-1966 taken each month
0.07 ug/1*
0.12 ug/1*
0.08 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.07 ug/1*
0.07 ug/1*
0.08 ug/1*
0.11 ug/1*
0.35 ug/1*
0.19 ug/1*
0.04 ug/1*
0.24 ug/1*
Dec. 1967
May 1968
June 1968
May 1968
Aug. 1968
Oct. 1967
April 1968
June 1968
July 1968
Oct. 1968
May 1968
June 1968
* samples taken every month for 1-2 years.
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Source
Location
Concentration
oo
•vl
ORGANIC ACIDS
240 2,4-D (cont.) Arkansas R. at van riuren, Ark. 0.06 ug/1*
0.13 ug/1*
0.05 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
0.11 ug/1*
Canadian R. near Whitefield,
Okla. 0.06 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
Brazos R. at kichmond, lex. 0.01 ug/1*
0.06 ug/1*
0.07 ug/1*
0.11 ug/1*
Colorado R. at Wharton, Tex. 0.05 ug/1*
Green R. at Green River, Utah 0.06 ug/1*
Humboldt R. near Rye Patch, Nev. 0.08 ug/1*
Sacramento R. , Verona, Calif. 0.03 ug/1*
Yakima R. , Kiona, Wash. 0.18 ug/1*
0.30 ug/1*
0.05 ug/1*
0.24 ug/1*
0.33 ug/1*
0.21 ug/1*
0.29 ug/1*
Snake R. , King Hill, Idaho 0.14 ug/1*
0.06 ug/1*
0.05 ug/1*
0.10 ug/1*
Aug. 1967
Dec. 1967
April 1968
May 1968
June 1968
Aug. 1968
April 1968
May 1968
Sept. 1967
April 1968
May 1968
Tuly 1968
April 1968
oept. 1968
Aug. 1968
May 1968
Aug. 1967
Sept. 1967
April 1968
May 1968
June 1968
July 1968
Aug. 1968
Aug. 1967
Oct. 1967
June 1968
July 1968
* all
samples taken every month for 1-2 years.
-------
TABLE L (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
00
00
240 2,4-D
CARBOXYLIC
110 FENAC
Cl Cl
-OH
273 FORMIC ACID
(Formate)
HCOOH
ORGANIC ACIDS
pesticide
Columbia R., Dalles, Ore.
irrigation water, Colo.
decalcifier, reducer in Ohio R.
dying wool fast colors,
dehairing and pulping
hides, tanning, sizing
rubber processing
0.02 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
8.82 mg/1
Nov. 1967
May 1968
24.6 ug/1
31 FULVIC ACID
10 samples from colored water 87.1% of total organics
COOH 0
273 ISOBUTYRIC ACID
Ohio R.
0.3 ug/1
(CH3)2CHCOOH
all samples taken every month for 1-2 years.
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
273 ISOVALERIC ACID
ORGANIC ACIDS
Ohio R.
0.22 ug/1
273 PROPIONIC ACID
(Propionate)
manufacturing of ester Ohio R.
solvents fruit flavors,
perfume
0.38 ug/1
00
IO
325 TEREPHTHALIC ACID
COOH-( T-COOH
production of Laosan
waters, fibers
industrial reservoir
0.1 mg/1
273 VALERIC ACID
Ohio R.
0.16 ug/1
42 SILVEX
(Kuron)
240
pesticide
none found in western rivers
studied 1966
Brazos R., Richmond, Tex.
Colorado R., Whartcu, Tex.
G.U2 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
Nov. 1966
Aug. 1967
Sept. 1967
0.01 ug/1* Feb. 1968
* collected monthly for two years.
-------
TABLE I (CONT). - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Source
Location
Concentration
ORGANIC ACIDS
240 SILVEX (cont.) Humboldt R., Rye Patch, Nev. 0.05 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.21 ug/1*
0.13 ug/1*
0.12 ug/1*
Sacramento R. , Verona, Calif. 0.01 ug/1*
Columbia R. , Dalles, Ore. 0.03 ug/1*
Oct. 1967
March 1968
April 1968
April 1968
June 1968
July 1968
Aug. 1968
Sept. 1968
Oct. 1967
Oct. 1966
VO
o
440 2,4,5-T
42
roof of Taft Center, Cincinnati
Ohio (rainwater)
Western Rivers studied 6 mos.
1966
Arkansas R. below John Martin
Reservoir, Colo.
van Buren, Ark.
Canadian R. , Whitefield, Okla.
0.04 mg/1
none present
0.02 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.04 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.04 ug/1*
0.04 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
Nov. 1967
July 1968
Sept. 1967
Nov. 1967
Dec. 1967
March 1968
April 1968
June 1968
July 1968
Aug. 1968
Dec. 1967
Feb. 1968
March 1968
* samples taken monthly for 1-2 years.
-------
TABLE, i CCQNT). - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
vo
M
ORGANIC ACIDS
240 2,4,5-T (cont.) Canadian R. , Whitefield, Okla.
Brazos R. , Richmond, Tex.
Colorado R. , Wharton, Tex.
Pecos R., Artesia, N. Mex.
Green R. , Green River, Utah
Sacramento R. , Verona, Calif.
Yakima" R. , Kiona, Wash.
SULFONICS
69 ABS (Alkyl benzene detergent, industrial
sulfonate) waste
243 so- surfactants Italian surface water
20 /^\ anionic detergent Czechoslovakia
0.04 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.06 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.05 ug/1*
0.07 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.6 mg/1
3.5-100 mg/1
0.5 mg/1
April 1968
May 1968
July 1968
Sept. 1968
Aug. 1967
Sept. 1967
Oct. 1967
July 1968
April 1968
April 1968
Sept. 1968
Oct. 1967
Dec. 1967
Feb. 1968
Sept. 1967
369
synthetic detergent
synthetic detergent
Worcestershire
Wise, well water
River and water supplies in 32
U.S. cities
0.03 mg/1
10 mg/1
<0.14 mg/1 av. = 0.024 mg/1
* samples taken monthly 1-2 years.
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ORGANIC ACIDS
297 ABS
(cont.)
4
267
78
154
detergent
to
Michigan well waters (30 wells)
surface water
32 U.S. cities
111. streams
111. rivers
streams in Kansas
Ohio R. at Wheeling, W. Va.
Cincinnati, Ohio
sewage in various cities
Ottawa, Kansas sewage
9 cities in Kansas (sewage)
Aurora, 111. (sewage)
Indianapolis, Ind. (sewage)
Benton Harbor, Mich.
Maiais des Cygnes R., Kan.
Neosha R., Kansas
Creek R., Kansas
U.S. average (average)
Tama R., Japan
Nogawa R., Japan
0.0-0.6 mg/1 (21 wells)
0.00-0.14 mg/1 (before 1961)
3.0 mg/1 highly polluted
water
0.01 mg/1 unpolluted waters
0.5 mg/1
1.9-6.6 mg/1
up to 12 mg/1, daily average
4 mg/1
0.1 mg/1
4-45 mg/1
39-44 mg/1
4.1-34 mg/1
45 mg/1
42 mg/1
8 mg/1
3.9-6.6 mg/1
1.0-1.9 mg/1
11 mg/1
10 mg/1
15:18 ) ratio of linear
20:80 ) alkylate sulfonates
25:75 ) to branch chain NBS
measure by infra-red
spectroscopy
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
ORGANIC ACIDS
396 ABS (linear)
394
32 SO'
detergent
sewage water
395 ABS (MBAS)
VO
161 ABS
427
395
anion detergent
14 waste processing
plants
Illinois R.
U.S. rivers
French cities
U.S. cities
Ruhr R.
Seine R.
Rhone R.
water works in England
Ohio R., Cincinnati, Ohio
most U.S. rivers prior to 1960
Illinois R.
at Peoria (pre LAS)
at Peoria (LAS)
Coons Rapids, upper Mississippi
R.
<0.01 mg/1
<0.01 mg/1
3.08-3.5 mg/1
1-15 mg/1
0.7-4.5 mg/1
0.125 mg/1
0.03 mg/1
0.5 mg/1
0.06-0.15 mg/1
0.01-0.02 mg/1
0.5-1.3 mg/1 1959
0.056 mg/1 Sept. 1959-June 1965
0.022 mg/1 July 1965-June 1966
<0.15 mg/1 1963-64
Spring Lake, upper Mississippi R.<0.49 mg/1
Upper Mississippi R., near Spring
Lake
Modena(town sewage truckline)
(outgoing canal)
Germany
Ohio R., Cincinnati, Ohio
up to 1.11 mg/1
23.18 mg/1
33.6 mg/1
5.4 mg/1
1962-1964
0.06-0.15 mg/1
1965
-------
TABLE I (CQNT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
395 ABS (cont.)
39
MBAS (ABS & LAS)
ORGANIC ACIDS
most rivers
Illinois R.
sewage works in England
waste processing plant, Germany
U.S. activated sludge plant
Illinois R.
community water supplies;
Camden, N.J.
rivers in U.S.
0.01-0.02 mg/1
>0.5 mg/1 1964
3.0 mg/1
1.3 mg/1
1962 (pre LAS)
1965 (post LAS)
5.4 mg/1 1962 (pre LAS)
5.0 mg/1 (pre) Sept. 1965
0.7 mg/1 (post) Mar. 1965
0.56 mg/1 (pre) Sept. 1959-
June 1965
0.22 mg/1 (post) July 1965-
June 1966
0.034 mg/1
0.024 mg/1
0.015 mg/1
<0.5 mg/1
Aug. 1959
winter 1959
spring 1960
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
440 RONNELL
(Trolene)
pesticides
Roof of Taft Center, Cincinnati,
Ohio (rainwater) 0.2 mg/1
CH^O
-------
TABLE I X.CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
f> 03 Def
(S,S,S-Tributyl-
phosphorothioate)
chemical manufacturing
plant
outfalls of manufacturing plant
Ashlex R., Charleston Harbor, S.C.
1966
vo
261 PHENYL ETHER
34, 1,2-BENZANTHRACENE*
35
ETHERS
industrial waste from
perfuming soaps and
organic synthesis
St. Glair R., Ohio R.
UNSUBSTITUTED AROMATICS
central portion of Rhine R.
<10 mg/1
10 & 18 ing/kg dry material
from paper chromatqgraphy
and absorption spectra
respectively
* value found is for combination of all these compounds
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
34, 3,4-BENZOFLUORANTHENE*
35
UNSUBSTITUTED AROMATICS
central portion of Rhine R.
10 & 18 mg/kg dry material
from paper chromatography and
absorption spectra respectively
vo
34, 10,11-BENZOFLUORANTHENE*
35
34, 11,12-BENZOFLUORANTHENE *
35
32
central portion of Rhine R.
central portion of Rhine R.
10 & 18 mg/kg dry material
from paper chromatography and
absorption spectra respectively
10 & 18 mg/kg dry material
from paper chromatography and
absorption spectra respectively
sludge from Lake Constance 15 mg dry substance
34, 1,12-BENZOPERYLENE *
35
central portion of Rhine R.
10 & 8 mg dry substance
* value found is for combination of all these compounds
-------
TABLE. I. (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
35 3,4-BENZOPYRENE
336, 35
34
97
409
vo
*" 32
363
UNSUBSTITUTED AROMA.TICS
industrial
(petroleum)
sewage from shale re-
fineries, coke plants,
petroleum refineries
sewage from thermal pro-1
cessing of shales
tunnel method on sewage
from thermal processing
of shales
coke gas plant
processing Kerosene
coke chemical plant
coke chemical plant
oil refinery
drinking water
central portion of Rhine R.
Volga R. below Imeni P.I.
Mendileeva refinery
sample of sand from filter
of Novoyaroslavskii Waterworks
U.S.S.R.
water supplies of above
U.S.S.R. (plant effluent)
U.S.S.R.
sewage effluent
35 km downstream from plant
dried sediment from Seine R.
Lake Constance
Moscow region; absorbed into
soil and makes way to water
eventually consumed by man
0.01 ug/1
0.0001 ug/1
0.216 ug/kg dry sand
0.03-0.3 mg/1
0.001 mg/1
0.5 mg/1
9 mg/kg
0.13-0.29 mg/1
6 mg/1
0.52-0.63 mg/1
8.2-17.0 mg/kg (sediment from
river)
1.5 mg/100 g
15 mg/kg dry substance
-------
TABLE. I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
VO
oo
56
32
166
3,4-EENZOPYRENE
(cont.)
79
348
UNSUBSTITUTED AROMATICS
plants processing coke
and coal tar products
shale by-product manu-
facture
Slansty combine
coke by-product
coke-gas plant
Neflegaz plant
oil refinery
"Shist" plant resins
(effluents - untreated)
(effluents - treated)
effluent of petroleum
chemical enterprises
a. eff. from thermal
cracking, coking &
pyrolysis
U.S.S.R. (plant effluent)
sludge from Lake Constance
U.S.S.R. effluent
U.S.S.R. effluent
U.S.S.R. effluent
U.S.S.R. effluent
U.S.S.R. effluent
U.S.S.R. effluent
U.S.S.R.
Plyasa R. (site of discharge)
(3.5 km downstream)
U.S.S.R. Grozny
3 ug/1-0.29 mg/1
15 mg dry substance
0.1 mg/1
0.312 mg/1
0.04 mg/1
0.13-0.29 mg/1
3-0.03 mg/1
none
10.9 mg/kg
0.312 mg/kg
0.012 mg/kg
0.001 mg/kg
0.48-5.0 ug/1
b. calalytic cracking
0.05-0.29 ug/1
-------
TABLE I (CQNT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
UNSUBSTITUTED AROMATICS
34 CHRYSENE*
central portion of Rhine R. 10 & 18 mg/kg dry material
10
VO
97 1,2,5,6-DIBENZANTHRA- petroleum refineries
CENE *
Volga R., U.S.S.R.
central portion of Rhine R.
not determined
10 & 18 mg/kg dry material
FLUORANTHENE*
INDENO(1,2,3-cd)PYRENE *
central portion of Rhine R. 10 & 18 mg/kg dry material
central portion of Rhine R. 10 & 18 mg/kg dry material
* value found is for combination of all these compounds
-------
TABLE 1 (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
PYRENE*
UNSUBSTITUTED AROMATICS
central portion of Rhine R.
10 & 18 mg/kg dry material
170 CRESOL
o
o
PHENOLS AND QUINONES
distillation and chemical Poland (tap water)
(m-cresol) treatment of coal tar or
wood tar
(p-cresol)
(o-cresol)
0.030 mg/1
0.060 mg/1
0.120 mg/1
0.200 mg/1
0.160 mg/1
53 PENTACHLOROPHENOL
DH
roof timbers sprayed
(house)
cold water storage tank
* value found is for combination of all these compoundr
-------
TABLE I. (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC BOLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
q
141
137
181
419
235
16 PHENOLS & OIL
RESIDUES
246 PYROCATECHOL
QH
DH
PHENOLS AND QUINONES
industrial and domestic Hakensack R. basin
waste
Passaic R. basin
Elizabeth & Rahway R.
Raritan R. basin
Rhine R. at Ludwigshaven
waste water
waste water
industrial waste
tannery sewage
Poland (tap water)
thermal processing of U.S.S.R. (effluent)
oil shale
Missouri R., Omaha, Nebr.
(spring run-off)
certain parts of rivers two regions of Rumania
not subject to industrial
pollution; suggests a
biogenic origin of
phenols in surface water
regenerator of the Syava U.S.S.R. (effluent)
wood chemical factory
Amzya wood chemical (effluent)
factory
Nov.-Dec. 1962
NS-13.0 ug/1
NS-21.0 ug/1
NS-79.0 ug/1
NS-210.0 ug/1
0.40 mg/1
10-20 mg/1
0.050 mg/1
0.100 mg/1
0.200 mg/1
small amount
0.00-10.0 mg/1 1951-66
none
none
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
246 PYROCATECHOL (cent.)
o
S3
PHENOLS AND QUINONES
effluent from continuous U.S.S.R
neutralization at the
Dimitrievskii wood chem-
ical factory
effluent from the washing U.S.S.R.
of pyrolyzate
wash water from ethyl
acetate manufacturing
wash water from Syava
wood chemical factory
total discharge from the
pumping station of the
Syava wood chemical
factory
general drain pit of the
tar-distillation shop of
the Syava wood chemical
factory
supposedly pure water
effluent from the alcohol
shop of the Syava wood
chemical factory
none
1700 mg/1
350 mg/:
none
5 mg/1
1260 mg/1
none
traces
-------
TABLE I C.CQNT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
HALOGENATED
304 ODD
(TDE)
439 H
42 C1-C-C1
_/T\ I jf~\_
269
139
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
spray 0.02 ppm for gnat Clear Lake, Calif.
control
pesticide Shenandoah R., Berry ville, Va.
agricultural Arkansas R. , John Martin
Reservoir, Colo.
van Buren, Ark.
Brazos R. , Richmond, Tex.
Rio Grande, Anzalduas Dam, Tex.
Sacramento R. , Verona, Calif.
Yakima R . , Kiona , Wash .
commercial orchard Knights Creek, Dunn County, Wis.
Connecticut R. , Enfield Dam,
Conn.
Hudson R. , Poughkeepsie, N.Y.
Narrows, N.Y.
Merrimack R., Lowell, Mass.
Delaware R. , Trenton, N.J.
0.083 ug/1
0.010 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.015 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
O.Olu ug/1*
0.013 ug/1
0.006 ug/1
0.005 ug/1
0.007 ug/1
presumptive
Sept. 1964
May 1966
March 1966
Aug. 1966
Feb. 1966
May 1966
Oct. 1965
Nov. 1965
May 1966
July 1966
Sept. 1966
Aug. 1966
June 1966
July 1966
June 1966
Sept. L96^
H
ii
it
* samples taken monthly.
-------
ft
II
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent Source Location Concentration
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
139 ODD (cont.) Schuylkill R., Philadelphia, Pa. 0.009 ug/1 Sept. 1966
Delaware Bay 0.005 ug/1
presumptive
Raritan R., Perth Amboy, N.J. 0.012 ug/1 (bottom)
Potomac R., Great Falls, N.Y. 0.012 ug/1 "
Susquehanna R., Conowingo, Md. 0.003 ug/1 "
Sayre, Pa. 0.005 ug/1 "
Neuse R., Raleigh, N.C. 0.006 ug/1 "
Apalachicola R., Chattahoochee,
Fla. presumptive
Chattahoochee R., Lanett, Ala. 0.011 ug/1 "
Savannah R., Port Wentworth, Ga. 0.004 ug/1 "
N. Augusta, Ga. presumptive "
Tennessee R., Bridgeport, Ala. 0.006 ug/1 "
Tombigbee R., Columbus, Miss. 0.008 ug/1 "
Kanawha R., Winfield Dam, W. Va. 0.005 ug/1 "
Ohio R., Evansville, Ind. 0.003 ug/1 "
Addison, Ohio 0.004 ug/1 "
St. Mary's R., Sault Ste. Marie,
Mich. presumptive "
Lake Superior, Duluth, Minn. 0.005 ug/1 "
Maumee R., Toledo, Ohio 0.006 ug/1 "
Illinois R., Peoria, 111. 0.006 ug/1 "
Mississippi R., St. Paul, Minn. 0.006 ug/1 "
-------
TABLK Z (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
139 ODD (cont.)
St. Joseph R., Benton Harbor,
Mich.
Grand R., Grand Haven, Mich.
Detroit R., Grosse Isle, Mich.
Fox R., Green Bay, Wis.
Missouri R., St. Louis, Mo.
Kansas City, Kan.
N. Platte R., Henry, Nebr.
Platte R., Plattsmouth, Nebr.
S. Platte R., Julesburg, Colo.
Rainy R., Beaudette, Minn.
Red R. (N), Intern, boundary
Atchafalaya R., Morgan City, La.
Arkansas R., Pendleton Ferry,
Ark.
Ponca City, Okla.
Mississippi R., Vicksburg, Miss.
Delta, La.
Rio Grande, Brownsville, Tex.
El Paso, Tex.
Alamosa, Colo.
Sacramento R., Green's Landing,
Calif.
San Joaquin R., Vernalis, Calif.
0.013 ug/1
0.009 ug/1
0.012 ug/1
0.007 ug/1
0.003 ug/1
0.010 ug/1
0.006 ug/1
0.005 ug/1
0.002 ug/1
0.005 ug/1
presumptive
0.010 ug/1
0.012 ug/1
0.005 ug/1
presumptive
0.008 ug/1
0.013 ug/1
0.009 ug/1
0.002 ug/1
0.009 ug/1
0.009 ug/1
Sept. 1966
it
it
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
139 DDD (cont.)
37
Waikele Stream, Oahu, Hawaii
Snake R., Wawawai, Wash.
Spokane R., Post Falls Dam,
Idaho
Willamette R., Portland, Ore.
Hudson R., Poughkeepsie, N.Y.
Meriimack R., Lowell, Mass.
St. Lawrence R., Massena, N.Y.
Delaware R., Trenton, N.Y.
Potomac R., Washington, D.C.
Chattahoochee R., Lanett, Ala.
Savannah R., Port Wentworth, Ga.
Ohio R., Cairo, 111.
above Addison, Ohio
Missouri R., Kansas City, Kans.
Platte R., Plattsmouth, Nebr.
Yellowstone R., Sidney, Mont.
Red R., Alexandria, La.
Brazos R., Arcola, Tex.
Rio Grande, Brownsville, Tex.
Williamette R., Portland, Ore.
Klamath R., Keno, Ore
0.009 ug/1
0.006 ug/1
0.004 ug/1
0.003 ug/1
presumptive
0.007 ug/1
0.010 ug/1
0.018 ug/1
0.007 ug/1
0.012 ug/1
0.006 ug/1
0.003 ug/1
presumptive
0.011 ug/1
0.010 ug/1
0.005 ug/1
0.008 ug/1
presumptive
0.026 ug/1
0.013 ug/1
presumptive
Sept. 1966
Sept. 1965
-------
TABLE X
- CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
37 DDD (cont.) Waikele Stream, Hawaii
Delaware R. , Philadelphia, Pa.
Savannah R., N. Augusta, S.C.
Rio Grande, Brownsille, Tex.
El Paso, Tex.
Mississippi R. , New Roads, La.
Red R. , Alexandria, La.
San Joaquin R. , Vernalis , Calif .
Rio Grande, Laredo, Tex.
Apalachicola.R. , Chattahoochee,
Fla.
Sacramento R. , Green's Landing,
Calif .
156 Cle-ar Lake, Calif.
259 Maximum value in Niagara R.
U.S. surface waters
240 Arkansas R. , van Buren, Ark.
Canadian R. , Whitefield, Okla.
Brazos R., Richmond, Tex.
0.008 ug/1
0.080 ug/1
0.031 ug/1
0.019 ug/1
0.012 ug/1
0.012 ug/1
0.011 ug/1
0.010 ug/1
0.009 ug/1
0.008 ug/1
0.006 ug/1
0.083 ug/1
no trace since
0.006 ug/1
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
Sept. 1965
1958-1965
CAM samples
Top ten
1958-1965
CAM samples
Top ten
Aug. 1964
1964
Sept. 1965
May 1967
Dec. 1967
May 1967
Oct. 1967
Jan 1968
March 1968
July 1968
* sample taken monthly for 2 years.
-------
TABLE I CCQNT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
240 DDD (cont.)
Colorado R., Wharton, Tex.
Rio Grande, Anzalduas Dam, Tex.
Gila R., Gillespie Dam, Ariz.
o
oo
Sacramento R., Verona, Calif.
Yakima R., Kiona, Wash.
Columbia R., Dalles, Ore.
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.04 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ua/l*
0.01 ug/j.*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
June 1967
Nov. 1967
Jan. 1968
Feb. 1968
March 1968
July 1968
Aug. 1968
June 1967
Oct. 1967
Nov. 1967
Dec. 1967
March 1968
May 1968
June 1968
Sept. 1968
Nov. 1966
Jan. 1967
April 1967
Oct. 1967
Dec. 1967
Feb. 1968
June 1968
July 1968
Aug. 1968
Oct. 1966
Nov. 1967
Jan. 1968
* samples taken monthly for two years.
-------
TABLE 1 (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
o
vo
roof of Taft Center, Cincinnati,
Ohio (rainwater)
Connecticut R., Northfield, Mass
Hudson R., Poughkeepsie, N.Y.
St. Lawrence R., Massena, N.Y.
Delaware R., Martin's Creek, Pa.
Potomac R., Great Falls, Md.
Shenandoah R., Berryville, Va.
Savannah R., Port Wentworth, Ga.
N. Augusta, S.C.
Tennessee R., Bridgeport, Ala.
Kanawha R., Winfield Dam, W. Va.
Monongahela R., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Maumee R., Toledo, Ohio
Mississippi R., Burlington, Iowa
Lock & Dam 3,
St. Paul, Minn.
Rainy R., Baudette, Minn.
Red R. (N), Grand Forks, N.D.
St. Clair R., Port Huron, Mich.
Lake Superior, Duluth, Minn. "
Big Horn R., Hardin, Mont. "
Missouri R., Yankton, S;D. 0.004 ug/1
0.2 mg/1
presumptive
0.004 ug/1
presumptive
0.008 ug/1
presumptive
0.002 ug/1
0.004 ug/1
presumptive
0.004 ug/1
0.015 ug/1
presumptive
0.011 ug/1
presumptive
0.004 ug/1
presumptive
Sept. 1964
n
-------
TABLE. I (CONT). - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent Source Location
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
439 DDE (cont.) Missouri R. , Bismarck, N.D.
Platte R., Plattsmouth, Nebr.
S. Platte R., Julesburg, Colo.
(N. channel)
Arkansas R. , Little Rock, Ark.
Mississippi R. , New Roads, La.
Vicksburg, Miss.
W. Memphis, Ark.
Atchafalaya R. , Morgan City, La.
Colorado R. , Yuma, Ariz.
Green R. , Dutch John, Utah
Rio Grande, Brownsville, Tex.
Alamo sa , Colo .
Columbia R., Clatskanie, Ore.
Pas co, Wash.
Snake R., Wawawai, Wash.
Payette, Idaho
San Joaquin R. , Vernalis, Calif.
Bear R. , Preston, Idaho
Arkansas R., John Martin
Reservoir, Colo.
van Buren, Ark.
Concentration
0.003 ug/1
0.004 ug/1
0.018 ug/1
presumptive
presumptive
n
0.007 ug/1
0.003 ug/1
0.004 ug/1
presumptive
n
n
0.005 ug/1
presumptive
0.005 ug/1
0.005 ug/1
0.011 ug/1
0.005 ug/1
0.005 ug/1
0.015 ug/1
0.020 ug/1
0.005 ug/1
Sept.
n
n
"
M
it
M
n
M
II
II
II
II
1964
Oct. 1965
May 1966
July 1966
Oct. 1965
March 1966
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN HATER
Ref Agent Source Location
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
42 DDE (cont.) Brazos R. , Richmond, Tex.
Colorado R. , Wharton, Tex.
Rio Grande, Anzalduas Dam, Tex.
Colorado R. , Yuma, Ariz.
Yakima R. , Kiona, Wash.
269 commercial orchard Knight's Creek, Dunn County, Wis
Concentration
0.005 ug/1
0.010 ug/1
0.015 ug/1
0.005 ug/1
0.005 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.005 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.010 ug/1*
0.015 ug/1*
»
April 1966
Aug. 1966
April 1966
May 1966
Oct. 1965
Feb. 1966
May 1966
Aug. 1966
May 1966
June 1966
April 1966
May 1966
July 1966
June 1966
amount pesticide applied
not determined 1963-65
139
Hudson R. , Poughkeepsie, N.Y.
Narrows, N.Y.
Tennessee R. , Bridgeport, Ala.
St. Lawrence R. , Massena, N.Y.
Lake Superior, Duluth, Minn.
Arkansas R., Pendleton Ferry,
Ark.
Brazos R. , Arcola, Tex.
Red R. , Alexandria, La.
presumptive Sept. 1966
M ii
0.002 ug/1 "
presumptive "
ii ii
0.004 ug/1 "
presumptive "
* sample taken monthly.
-------
TABLE I (CQNT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
139 DDE (cont.)
37
448
259
Rio Grande, El Paso, Tex.
San Joaquin R., Vernalis, Calif.
Columbia R., Clatskanie, Ore.
Rainy R., Baudette, Minn.
Detroit R., Detroit, Mich.
Platte R., Plattsmouth, Nebr.
Yellowstone R., Sidney, Mont.
San Juan R., Shiprock, N. Mex.
Delaware R., Philadelphia, Pa.
Mississippi R., Vicksburg, Miss.
Hudson R., Poughkeepsie, N.Y.
S. Platte R., Julesburg, Colo.
Mississippi R., N. Orleans, La.
Rio Grande, Brownsville, Tex.
Laredo, Tex.
Lake Superior, Duluth, Minn.
12 stations in various river
basins
samples from 100 locations in
U.S.
Seneca R.
Lake Champlain
Sept. 1966
Sept. 1965
CAM samples top
ten 1958-65
presumptive
0.003 ug/1
0.001 ug/1
presumptive
0.008 ug/1
presumptive
0.002 ug/1
0.009 ug/1
0.012 ug/1
0.011 ug/1
0.006 ug/1
0.005 ug/1
0.004 ug/1
0.004 ug/1
0.004 ug/1
0.004 ug/1
0.002 ug/1
0.000-0.018 ug/1 "
0.011 ug/1 Sept. 1965
0.011 ug/1 Oct. 1965
I!
It
-------
TABLE. I. CCONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
240 DDE (cont.) Missouri R., Nebraska City,
Nebr. 0.01 ug/1
Arkansas R. , van Buren, Ark. 0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
Brazos R., Richmond, Tex. 0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.06 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
Colorado R. , Wharton, Tex. 0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
Rio Grande, Ansalduas Dam, Tex. 0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
Gila R., Gillespie Dam, Ariz. 0.03 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
May 1967
April 1967
May 1967
Nov. 1966
May 1967
June 1967
Oct. 1967
Dec. 1967
Jan. 1968
March 1968
May 1968
July 1968
Sept. 1968
June 1967
Jan. 1968
March 1968
April 1968
July 1968
Aug. 1968
Feb. 1967
March 1967
June 1967
Oct. 1967
Nov. 1967
Dec. 1967
May 1968
Sept. 1968
Nov. 1967
Dec. 1967
* samples taken monthly for 1-2 years.
-------
TABLE. I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentrat ion
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
240 DDE (cont.) Gila R. , Gillespie Dam, Ariz. 0.01 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.04 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
0.05 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
Sacramento R. , Verona, Calif. 0.01 ug/1*
Yakima R. , Kiona, Wash. 0.01 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
Columbia R., Dalles, Ore. 0.01 ug/1*
Jan. 1968
Feb. 1968
March 1968
May 1968
June 1968
July 1968
Sept. 1968
May 1968
Feb. 1967
June 1967
Oct. 1967
Dec. 1967
Jan. 1968
Feb. 1968
May 1968
June 1968
July 1968
Aug. 1968
Nov. 1967
436 \==
433
rainwater
mosquito control
Mississippi R., Quincy, 111. 1-20 ug/1
run off 0.02-0.06 ug/1
roof of Taft Center, Cincinnati,
Ohio
1.2 ug/1
48 areas Salt Lake County, Utah
rivers, creeks, canals, ditches, 1.4-4.6 ug/1
drainage areas, etc. 3.6-2.8 ug/1
March 1965
Angara
0.005-0.04 mg/1
* camples taken monthly for 1-2 years,
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
280 DDT (cont.)
290
17
445
439
0.5 Ib/acre
H
Ukranian water reservoirs
rivers in U.S.
Sabago Lake, Maine
Boulder R. drainage area, Mont.
Connecticut R., Northfield, Mass
Potomac R., Great Falls, Md.
Shenandoah R., Berryville, Pa.
Susquehanna R., Sayre, Pa.
Apalachicola R., Chattahoochee,
Fla.
Chattahoochee R., Lanett, Ala.
Savannah R., Port Wentworth, Ga.
Clinch R., Kingston, Tenn.
Tennessee R., Bridgeport, Ala.
Kanawha R., Winfield Dam, W. Va.
Monongahela R., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Wabash R., New Harmony, Ind.
Maumee R., Toledo, Ohio
Mississippi R., Burlington, Iowa
Lock & Dam 3,
St. Paul, Minn.
0.01-0.04 mg/1
0.02-0.07 mg/1
traces - 0.03 mg/1
1.6-3.4 mg/1
0.001-0.2 mg/1
0.02 mg/1
.presumptive
it
0.026 ug/1
presumptive
0.027 ug/1
0.007 ug/1
0.020 ug/1
presumptive
ii
0.017 ug/1
0.018 ug/1
presumptive
0.087 ug/1
presumptive
Sepu. 1964
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
439 DDT (cont.)
Rainy R., Baudette, Minn.
Red R. (N), Grand Forks, N.D.
Lake Michigan, Milwaukee, Wis.
Lake Superior, Duluth, Minn.
Missouri R., Yankton, S.D.
Bismarck, N.D.
Platte R., Plattsmouth, Nebr.
Arkansas R., Little Rock, Ark.
Mississippi R., New Roads, La.
Vicksburg, Miss.
Red R. (S), Alexandria, La.
Atchafalaya R., Morgan City, La.
Colorado R., Yuma, Ariz.
Loma, Colo.
Green R., Dutch John, Utah
Rio Grande, Brownsville, Tex.
Alamosa, Colo.
Clearwater R., Lewiston, Idaho
Columbia R., Clatskanie, Ore.
Pasco, Utah
Pend Oreille R., Albeni Falls
Dam, Idaho
Snake R., Wawawai, Wash.
Payette, Idaho
presumptive
0.072 ug/1
presumptive
tt
0.024 ug/1
0.014 ug/1
0.019 ug/1
presumptive
it
0.041 ug/1
0.031 ug/1
0.047 ug/1
0.021 ug/1
presumptive
n
0.025 ug/1
presumptive
0.012 ug/1
0.034 ug/1
presumptive
0.014 ug/1
presumptive
Sept. 1964
n
n
-------
TABLE Z CCONT;) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
439 DDT (cont.) Willamette R., Portland, Ore.
Klamath R. , Keno, Ore.
Sacramento R. , Green's Landing,
Calif.
San Joaquin R., Vernalis, Calif.
Bear R. , Preston, Idaho
369 Detroit, Missouri & Mississippi
Rivers
42 agricultural Missouri R. at Nebraska
Arkansas R. , John Martin
Reservoir, Colo.
van Bur en, Ark.
Brazos R. , Richmond , Tex .
Colorado R. , Wharton, Tex.
Rio Grande, Anzalduas, Tex.
Colorado R. , Yuma, Ariz.
Yakima R., Kiona, Wash.
Snake R., King Hill, Idaho
128 1 Ib/acre nearby streams
0.029 ug/1
0.016 ug/1
presumptive
0.066 ug/1
0.034 ug/1
0.001-0.2 mg/1
0.050 ug/1
0.045 ug/1
0.075 ug/1
0.070 ug/1
0.110 ug/1
0.055 ug/1
0.045 ug/1
0.105 ug/1
0.025 ug/1
0.070 ug/1
0.050 ug/1
0.070 ug/1
0.065 ug/1
0.060 ug/1
Sept. 1964
ii
ii
ii
ii
ii
May 1966
Sept. 1966
May 1966
July 1966
Aug. 1966
May 1966
June 1966
Aug. 1966
Oct. 1965
April 1966
July 1966
March 1966
Aug. 1966
July 1966
watersheds in Pa.
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
139 DDT (cont.)
oo
Hudson R., Poughkeepsie, N.Y.
Narrows, N.Y.
Delaware R., Trenton, N.J.
Potomac R., Great Falls, Md.
Susquehanna R., Sayre, Pa.
Neuse R., Raleigh, N.C.
Escambia R., Century, Fla.
Tennessee R., Bridgeport, Ala.
Ohio R., Cairo, 111.
Wabash R., Lafayette, Ind.
Lake Superior, Duluth, Minn.
Missouri R., Kansas City, Kans.
Bismarck, N.D.
Platte R., Plattsmouth, Nebr.
Rainy R., Beaudette, Minn.
Arkansas R., Pendleton Ferry,
Ark.
Coolidge, Kans.
Brazos R., Arcola, Tex.
Mississippi R., Vicksburg, Miss.
Delta, La.
Rio Grande, Brownsville, Tex.
El Paso, Tex.
0.005 ug/1
0.007 ug/1
0.028 ug/1
0.038 ug/1
0.010 ug/1
presumptive
0.020 ug/1
0.007 ug/1
0.026 ug/1
0.029 ug/1
0.013 ug/1
0.023 ug/1
0.015 ug/1
0.042 ug/1
presumptive
0.123 ug/1
0.044 ug/1
0.031 ug/1
presumptive
0.046 ug/1
Sept. 1966
it
-------
TABLE I CCONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
139 DDT (cont.)
147
102
37
Colorado R., Page, Ariz.
Kiikii Stream, Oahu, Hawaii
San Joaquin R., Vernalis, Calif.
Waikele Stream, Oahu, Hawaii
Pend Oreille R., Albeni Falls
Dam, Idaho
Snake R., American Falls, Idaho
Willamette R., Portland, Ore.
large U.S. rivers
Lake St. Clair, Ont., Detroit R.
Mississippi & Missouri rivers
x
Chattahoochee R., Lanett, Ala.
Escambia R., Century, Fla.
Savannah R., Port Wentworth, Ga.
Clinch R., Kingston, Tenn.
Tennessee R., Bridgeport, Ala.
Allegheny R., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Monongahela R., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Ohio R., Cairo, 111.
Addison, Ohio
Wabash R., New Harmony, Ind.
Illinois R., Peoria, 111.
presumptive
0.013 ug/1
0.007 ug/1
0.013 ug/1
presumptive
0.025 ug/1
0.018 ug/1
0.02 mg/1
1-20 ug/1
1-20 ug/1
0.017 ug/1
0.017 ug/1
0.016 ug/1
presumptive
0.015 ug/1
0.004 ug/1
0.016 ug/1
0.023 ug/1
presumptive
0.012 ug/1
presumptive
Sept. 1966
1953
1957
Sept. 1965
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
37 DDT (cont.)
NJ
O
Mississippi R., E. St. Louis,
111.
Red R. (N), Grand Forks, N.D.
Missouri R., St. Louis, Mo.
N. Platte R., Henry, Nebr.
S. Platte R., Julesburg, Colo.
Yellowstone R'., Sidney, Mont.
Mississippi R., Vicksburg, Miss.
Delta, La.
Colorado R., Page, Ariz.
San Juan R., Shiprock, N. Hex.
Rio Grande, El Paso, Tex.
Alamosa, Colo.
Spokane R., Post Falls Dam,
Idaho
Truckee R., Farad, Calif.
(Nevada border)
Rio Grande, Brownsville, Tex.
Laredo, Tex.
El Paso, Tex.
Ohio R., Cairo, 111.
Mississippi R., New Orleans, La.
Delaware R., Philadelphia, Pa.
Chattahoochee R., Lanetts Ala.
presumptive
0.034 ug/1
0.016 ug/1
0.039 ug/1
0.023 ug/1
0.002 ug/1
0.017 ug/1
0.019 ug/1
0.058 ug/1
0.125 ug/1
0.012 ug/1
0.149 ug/1
0.037 ug/1
presumptive
0.144 ug/1
0.052 ug/1
0.032 ug/1
0.023 ug/1
0.019 ug/1
0.015 ug/1
0.011 ug/1
Sept. 1965
top ten
CAM samples
1958-1965
-------
TABLE I (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
37 DDT (cont.)
448
240
Tennessee R., Pickwick Landing,
Tenn.
Mississippi R. , Vicksburg, Miss.
Sacramento R., Green's Landing
Calif.
Tombigbee R., Columbus, Miss.
analysis of water at 100 loca-
tions across U.S.
Missouri R., Nebraska City,
Nebr.
Platte R., Brady, Nebr.
Arkansas R., John Martin
Reservoir, Colo.
van Buren, Ark.
Canadian R., Whitefield, Okla.
Brazos R., Richmond, Tex.
0.011 ug/1 1958-65
0.010 ug/1 "
0.009 ug/1 "
0.009 ug/1
0.000-0.087 ug/1 "
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.09 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.04 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.08 ug/1*
0.07 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
April 1967
Dec. 1967
May 1968
Jan. 1968
Oct. 1967
Dec. 1967
July 1968
April 1967
Nov. 1967
Dec. 1967
Sept. 1968
Dec. 1967
Jan. 1968
Sept. 1968
Nov. 1966
Dec. 1966
May 1967
* samples taken monthly for two years.
-------
TABLE I CCQNT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
NJ
Ref Agent Source Location Concentration
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
240 DDT (cont.) Brazos R. , Richmond, Tex. 0.06 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.04 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
Colorado R., Wharton, Tex. 0.03 ug/1*
0.04 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.12 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
0.05 ug/1*
0.04 ug/1*
0.09 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
Rio Grande, Anzalduas Dam, Tex. 0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
Colorado R., Yuma, Ariz. 0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
Green R. , Green River, Utah 0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug.l*
Gila R., Gillespie Dam, Ariz. 0.03 ug/1*
0.07 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
0.04 ug/1*
June 1967
Oct. 1967
Dec. 1967
Jan. 1968
March 1968
July 1968
Sept. 1968
June 1967
Oct. 1967
Nov. 1967
Jan. 1968
Feb. 1968
March 1968
April 1968
May 1968
July 1968
Aug. 1968
Oct. 1967
Nov. 1967
Dec. 1967
Nov. 1967
Jan. 1968
Nov. 1967
Jan. 1968
Nov. 1967
Dec. 1967
Jan. 1968
March 1968
May 1968
July 1968
Sept. 1968
* samples taken monthly for two years,
-------
TABLE r. (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent Source Location Concentration
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
240 DDT (cont.) Humboldt R., Rye Patch, Nev. 0.06 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
Sacramento R., Verona, Calif. 0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.05 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
Feather R. , Oroville, Calif. 0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
Yakima R., Kiona, Wash. 0.02 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
0.03 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
Snake R., King Hill, Idaho 0.02 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.02 ug/1*
Columbia R. , Dalles, Ore. 0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
0.01 ug/1*
Jan 1968
March 1968
Oct. 1967
Nov. 1967
Dec. 1967
Jan. 1968
May 1968
July 1968
Oct. 1967
Jan. 1968
March 1968
April 1967
June 1967
Oct. 1967
Nov. 1967
Dec. 1967
Jan. 1968
Feb. 1968
March 1968
April 1968
May 1968
June 1968
July 1968
Aug. 1968
Oct. 1967
Dec. 1967
Jan. 1968
Oct. 1968
June 1967
Nov. 1967
Jan. 1968
May 1968
samples taken monthly 1-2 years.
-------
TABLE I (CQNT.l - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
432 DDT (cont.)
24 DDT AND ANALOGUES
38
S3
432 HEXACHLORANE
(HCB)
Cl Cl
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
municipal and agri-
cultural
formulation wastes
and/or agricultural
applied to foliage,
water courses
U.S.S.R.: open bodies of water
water supply sources
streams in Louisiana, Missis-
sippi and Arkansas
Coldwater Creek, Mississippi
Bear Creek, Mississippi
soil Susquehanna R., Conowingo, Md.
Delaware R., Philadelphia, Pa.
Chattahoochee R., Lanett, Ala.
Tennessee R., Pickwick Ldg., Tenn.
Rio Grande, El Paso, Tex.
Brownsville, Tex.
San Joaquin R., Vernalis, Calif.
Sacramento R., Green's Landing, Calif.
Yakima R., Richland, Wash.
Columbia R., Northport, Wash.
Wenatchee, Wash.
Pasco, Wash.
McNary Dam, Ore.
0.0005-0.002 mg/1
0.0003-0.0005 mg/1
1966
1964,66
1962
U.S.S.R.: open bodies of water
water supply sources
0.0008-0.003 mg/1
0.0004 mg/1
Cl Cl
-------
TABLE I CCONT.) - CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Ref Agent
Source
Location
Concentration
261 NITROCHLOROBENZENE
NO,
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
industrial waste
dye chemistry
37 ug/1
Mississippi R., New Orleans, La. 1-2 ug/1
Cape Girardeau, Mo.
(Mississippi R.)
N>
in
259
413
TEDION
(Tetradifon)
169 METHYLMERCURIC
CHLORIDE
CH3HgCl
MERCAPTANS AND OTHER SULFUR ORGANICS
pesticide Niagara R.
ORGANOMETALLICS
acetaldehyde plant
acetaldehyde plant
industrial waste
used as seed dressing
0.11 ug/1 Aug. 1964
Minamata Bay, Japan
Agano R., Japan
Lake Erie
Great Lakes, Canada
Lakes and streams in Southern
and Central Sweden
9-85 mg Hg/kg/dry weight of
fish 1960-1963
14.4 mg/1 5km from mouth of
the river 1965
found
5 mg/1 in fish
found
-------
TABLE II - MAMMALIAN ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
FOUND IN FRESH WATER
This table contains acute and chronic toxicological informa-
tion on chemicals found in water presented in Table I. LD50
in mammals form the highest proportion of the acute toxicity
information available and data on non-mammalian species (fish
and birds were included only if toxicity information on mam-
mals was not available or was scant.) Included under the LD50
column was data available on humans at doses where fatalities
can occur and are estimates only. These are essentially LD10Q
data. All doses are oral unless otherwise indicated where
oral information was not available. Large gaps of information
exist for chronic toxicity and the greatest proportion of
chronic toxicological data presented in this table came from
the Russian literature. The doses presented for chronic
toxicity are those which elicited an effect and where this
was not available the doses used are presented. The chronic
toxicity effects varied according to what was looked for.
The Russian data included changes in conditioned behavior
and little information was available on how the data was
obtained or treated.
-------
TABLE II - MAMMALIAN ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS FOUND IN FRESH WATER
Agent
UNSURSTITUTED
METHANE
HALOGENATED
ALDRIN
Ref
252
252
338
124
293
451
252
449
173
252
Acute
Species
sunfish
fathead
human
rat
chick
bobwhite
quail
ringneck
pheasant
mourning
dove
Toxicity
Oral 96 hr. TLm LC50
LD50 mg/kg mg/1 mg/1
ALKANES AND ALKENES
not toxic
not toxic at 65mg/l after 2 hrs
5000 (fatal)
50
39
-------
TABl£ II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
AcuCe Toxicity
Ref
Species
Oral
LD50 mg/kg
96 hr. TLm
mg/1
LC50
rag/1
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
Effect
ALDRIN (cont.)
BKC
101,174,252
449
101
101,449
338
431,438
431
fathead
goldfish
fish
D. magna
rainbow
trout
449
174,252,449 bluegill
252
338
bobwhite
quail
ringneck
pheasant
fish
trout
6CO
200
250
450
ALKANES AND ALKENES
0.033
0.028
0.033
0.028
0.024
0.02
0.01
0.033
0.013
2.0
3.0
0.14
-------
TABLE II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
BUG (cont.)
B-ISOMER BHC
CHLORDANE
Ref
101,449
101,442,449
101,449
252
252
338
293
49
340
451
452
173
124
252
338
Acute
Species
fathead
bluegill
goldfish
guppy
rat
human
rat
bobwhite
quail
ringneck
pheasant
fish
Toxlclty
Oral 96 hr. TLm LC50
LD50 mg/kg mg/1 mg/1
ALKANES AND ALKENES
2.3
0.079
2.3
2.17
6000
100 (fatal)
500
355
490
225-590
450-500
355-590
283
530 (dermal)
250
500
0.69
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
444 rat 1-5 mg/kg Inhibition of steroid
daily for activity
7 days
252 bird Decrease in reproduction
-------
TABLE II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
CHLORDANE (cont.)
DIELDRIN
Acute Toxicity
„ _ c . Oral 96 hr. TLm LCSO
Ref Specie. ^50 mg/kg M/i n8/1
ALKANES AND ALKENES
174 channelcac 0.5
101,449 fathead 0.052
252 0.052-0.069
101,252 goldfish 0.082
101,174,252 guppy 0.19
101,252,442 bluegill 0.022
449 0.054
rainbow n ...
0.022
trout
252 human 5000 (fatal)
338,340 rat 60
126,293 46
173 40
240 37-87
449 40
451 60-90
49 142 (18.6% active substance)
338 fish 0.016
252 0.005-0.042
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
444 rat purified Stimulated activity of
substance liver microsomal enzymes
4 days I.F. that metabolize estrone;
inhibited the estrone-
induced increase in
uterine wet weight and
aecreaped the amount of
trltiated estrogen found
in the uterus after an
injection of tritiated
estrone
-------
TABLE II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Ref
DIELDRIN (cont.) 174,252,442,
449
174,252
101,174,252,
449
ENDOSULFAN 124
252
366
173
EHDRIN 338
124
173
293
451
252
Acute Toxicity
- .... Oral 96 hr. TLm LC50
SP»ci" LD50 mg/kg mg/1 »g/l
ALKANES AND ALKENES
bluegill 0.0079
channel cat < 2.5
. fathead 0.016
goldfish 0.037
guppy 0.022
rat 43 (dermal)
3-6
17.8
10-12
7.3-48
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
311 human 0-0.211 mg/d. No ill effects
434 Japanese 10 mg/kg Affected reproduction
quail
67 catfish Inhibition of electron
transport enzymes and
cholinesterases
270 warmblood- 0.0003 mg/g Threshold concentration
ed animals in blood
-------
TABlf II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Ref
ENDRIN (cont.) 252
338
174,251,252,
449
174
174,251,438,
449
174,252,442,
449
174,252,449
449
Acute Toxicity
Species Oral 96 hr< TLm LC5°
P LD50 mg/kg mg/1 mg/1
ALKANES AM) ALKENES
monkey 3
rabbit 7-10
guinea pig 36
-------
TABLE II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
HEPTACHLOR
ISODRIN
Ret
252,338,340
124
293
451 451
173 173
338 338
174,251,252
174,252
101,174,252,
449
252
252
449
173
252
Acute
Species
rat
fish
bluegill
catfish
fathead
goldfish
guppy
red-sided
shiner
rat
rabbit
chick
Toxlcity
Oral 96 hi. TLm LC50
LD50 mg/kg mg/1 rag/1
ALKANES AND ALKENES
90
100 «
162 *
250 *) (deraal>
100
90-130
40
0.056
0.019
0.175
0.094
0.23
0.25
0.107
0.096-0.11
7-42
10
7-17
5-7
2.7
Chronic Toxlcity
Ref Species Dose Effect
444 rat purified, Stimulated the activity of
I.F., 4 days liver microsomal en-
zymes that metabolize
estrone; Inhibited the
estrone-lndueed increase
in uterine wet weight
and decreased the amount
of trltlated estrogen
found in the uterus
after an injection of
tritiated estrone
54 rat >0.0025 Changes in physiological
mg/kg daily and biochemical actlvitlei
of the organism
-------
TABLE II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Acute
Agen t " """~— *• ~~— — ~~~— "-~~~~
Ref Species
LINDANE 338,340,351 rat
49
124
173
252 bobwhite
quail
ringneck
pheasant
mourning
dove
338 fish
101,174,252, bluegill
449
fathead
goldfish
guppy
449 rainbow
trout
Toxicity
Oral 96 hr. TLm LC50
LD50 mg/kg mg/1 mg/1
ALKANES AND ALKENES
125
107
88
-------
TABLE II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
TOXAPHENE
Ref
252
338
124
293
340
451
252
49
173
338
101,174,449
252
101,
101,251,252,
449
101,174,252,
449
252
252
Acute
Species
human
rat
fish
blueglll
fathead
goldfish
guppy
trout
(finger ling)
rainbow
trout
Toxicity
Oral
LD50 mg/kg
96 hr. TLm LC50
ag/1 ng/1
ALKANES AND ALKENES
5000 (fatal)
40
90
-------
TABlf II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
ALIPHATIC
DIETHYLAMINE
DDtETHYLAMINE
Acute Toxiclty
_ , e.4. Oral 96 hr- TLm LC50
Ref Species LDSO mg/kg mg/1 mg/1
AMINES
252 rat 540
176 mouse 646.6
252 creek chub 85 (46 hrs)
-t
88,89 rat 698
mouse 316
guinea pig 240
rabbit 240
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
176 rabbit 6 mg/kg/day
for 7 mos
rat 64.8 mg/kg
daily for
2 1/2 mos
89 guinea 107 mg/kg
pig for 6 wks
rabbit 160 mg/kg
for 6 wks
guinea 3.5 mg/kg
pig daily for
8 mos
Effect
Disturbance in carbohydrate
function of the liver
No appreciable cumulative
properties; decrease in
weight gain; increase In
ascorbic acid content of
the liver
Increase in blood hemo-
globin; increased act-
ivity of blood cholines-
terase
Increased urea content in
blood serum; increase in
coproporphyrin excretion
In urine; Increase In
weight coefficient of the
liver; decrease in vitamii
C in organs
Increased corproporphyrln
excretion in urine;
increase un urea content
in serum; decrease in
vitamin C content of
auprarenals; Increase in
weight coefficient of
the liver
-------
TABU II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Acute Toxicity
Ref
Species
Oral
LD50 mg/kg
96 hr. TLm
mg/1
LC50
•I/I
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
Effect
AMINES
DIMETHYLAMINE (cont.)
89
rat
ETHYLAMINE
252
METHYLAKINE
252
rat 400
mouse 530-580
creek chub
creek chub
40 (48 hrs)
tatal at 30
survived at 10 for
24 hrs
117 rabbit
rat
328 rat
rabbit
0.35 mg/kg
daily for
8 rros
0.25 mg/kg
daily for
6 mos
2.5 mg/kg
dally for
6 roos
0.75 mg/kg
daily for
9 mos
0.5 mg/kg
daily for
i 7 mos
Retards appearance and
stabilization of the
positive reflex; prolongs
latent period; decrease
in magnitude amd percent-
age incidence of the
conditioned reflex
Change in albumin/globulin
coefficient
Change in conditioned
reflexes
Change in general condition
of animals; development
of a lymphophenia within
2 months
Decrease in cholinesterase
activity of blood
-------
TABLE II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
AROMATIC
ANILINE
0-ANILIKE
m-ANILINE
Acute Toxicity
R.f TLm LC5°
Ref Speci.s u>50 mg/kg mg/1 mg/1
AMINES
217 rat 750
mouse 1075
252 dog 5CO
fathead 200 (toxic level.)
goldfish 1000 " "
trout 1000 " "
269 rat 1246.1
guinea pig 2350
269 rat 700
guinea pig 450
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Speices Dose Effect
217 rz.t > O.OC5 ng/kgEffect on conditioned
daily reflexes
252 human Anemia, anorexia, loss of
weight, cretaneous lesion
and bladder trouble
253 cat Increase in level of
methaemoglobin
-------
TABLE II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Acute Toxlcity
Ref
Special
Oral
LD50 mg/kg
96 hr. TLm
mg/1
LC50
mg/1
Chronic Toxiclty
Ref Species Dose
Effect
AMINES
NITRILES
2,6-DICHLOROBENZO-
NITRILE
131
417
rat 4500
rabbit .270
guinea pig 2100
blueglll
trout
131
rat
100 mg/kg
dally
200 mg/kg
dally
Increase in liver weight
Increase in kidney weight
22
23
HETEROCY.CLIC
PYRIDINE
252,435,449 mosquito
fish
1300
1350
252
464 warm-
blooded
animals
0.125 mg/kg Pathological effects
daily
0.125 and Failed to gain weight,
0.25 mg/kg change in prothrombln
daily time, slight histological
changes in the liver
-------
TABLE II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Acute Toxiclty
Ref
Species
Oral
LDSO mg/kg
96 hr. TLm
mg/1
LC50
mg/1
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
Effect
CARBOXYLIC
ACETIC ACID
BUTYRIC ACID
CWROIC ACID
ORGANIC ACIDS
252 rat 3310
mouse 4960
bluegill
170 goldfish
252,435 mosquito
fish
435 creek chub
252 rat 8790
88 D. magna
88 bluegill
75
100
423 (toxic dose)
251
100-200
61 (48 hrs)
150-200 ( 48 hrs)
-------
TABLE II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
2,4-D
FENAC
FORMIC ACID
FROPIOKIC ACID
Acute Toxicity
Ref
252
252
173
252,303
252
174
174
252
173
252
88
88
B..O<.. Orml 96 hr- TLn LC5°
SP«ci«« u>50 ng/kg ag/i ng/i
ORGANIC ACIDS
human 15,000 (MLD)
rat 666
400-500
mouse 375
rabbit 800
dog 100
bluegtll 375 (46 hrs)
350 (24 hrs)
largepouth 350 ( 48 hrs)
bass 350 (24 hrs)
rat 1780-3000
dog 4CCC
bluegill 175 (24 hrs)
culex sp. >1000 (48 hrs)
larvae
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
252 dog 20 mg/kg
daily
372 human 500g dully
for 3 wits
378 rat 50 mg/kg
daily for
12 moe
378 aquatic high cone.
fauna applied for
mosquito
control
Effect
Toxic
No unfavorable effects
Slight decrease in blood
catalase; slight decrease
in liver glycogen
concentration; no path-
ological changes
No adverse effects
-------
TABl£ II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Ref
Acute Toxicity
Species
Oral
LD50 ng/kg
96 hr. Tim
mg/1
LCSO
mg/1
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
Effect
SILVEX
2,4,5-T
VALERIC ACID
252
173
252
174
252
173
88
ORGANIC ACIDS
rat
laboratory
animals
emerald
shiner
chlnook
salmon
human
rat
D. magna
650
650-1070
500-2000
7 (72 hrs)
136 (24 hrs)
54,000 (toxic)
300
300-800
45 (48 hrs)
-------
TABl£ II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
SULFONICS
ABS
Acute Toxiclty
Ref
81
397
260
153
397
405
251
252,317
174,251
405
252
387
405
S ecle* Oral 96 hr> njn LC5°
LD50 mg/kg mg/1 mg/1
ORGANIC ACIDS
rat 2200
1400-2500
520
300
mouse 1400-2800
hamster 1130
rabbit 1730
bluegill 8.2
4.2-4.4
5.6
fathead 3.5-4.5
U^
.3
4.6
fathead eggs 12.8
emerald
shiner '
bluntnose . .
minnow
stoneroller 8.9
silver jaw
minnow ' • '
Chronic Toxiclty
Ref Species Dose
266 bluesill 5-6 mg/1
127 rat 230 mg/kg
daily for
45 days
366 trout 0.001 mg/1
10.0 mg/1
265 D. magna small
amounts
323 guinea 2Z in water
pig for 6 mos
pig 0.2Z in
food for
79 days
Effect
Histological changes
Increase in weight of
spleen, liver, and
adrenal gland, Increase
in vitamin C content of
adrenal gland; increase
in cholesterol level of
blood
Avoided water with this
concentration
Caused confusion; unable
to distinguish
Decreased respiration;
decreased metabolism;
decreased reproduction
No alarming symptoms; no
hlstological changes
No effect; 99. 5Z eliminated
within 8 days
-------
TABLE II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Ref
Acute Toxlcity
Sped**
Oral
LD50 mg/kg
96 hr. TLo
mg/1
LC50
mg/1
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
Effect
ABS ( cont.)
tp- ABS
ABS ( linear)
405
397
397
260
251
383
387
rosefln
shiner
common
shiner
carp
black
bul1!
rat
rat
bluegill
flngerllng
fathead
fathead
(eggs)
520-1220
650-1260
650
ORGANIC ACIDS
9.5
17.0
18.0
22.0
0.6-3.0
3.5
3.4 (24 hrs)
-------
TABl£ II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
RONNELL
DEF
Acute Toxicity
c , Oral 96 hr. Tim LC50
Ref Speciee ^^ ^^ ^ ^
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
124 rat 1250 5000 (denral)
340 1700
173 1000-3000
252 guinea pig 3240
rabbit 640
mouse 2140
dog 500
duck 5000
chicken 5000
turkey 500
124 rat 233 *
150 »
360 rf)
168 ?) '
173 325
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
-------
TABLE II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
PYRENE
o-CRESOL
p-CRESOL
CRBSOL
Acute Toxlcicy
R«f SD.C!.. Oral 96 hr> "* LC5°
Ref Spec!.. ujso «g/kg «,/! .g/l
UNSUBSTITUTED AROMATICS
333 mouse 9400
PHENOLS AND QUINONES
252 rat 1350
catfish 11.2
174 blueglll 55-65 (lethal in 1 hr)
perch 10-20 (lethal in 1 hr)
252 rat 1800
174 blueglll 80-90 (lethal in 1 hr)
perch 10-20 (lethal in 1 hr)
435 mosquito ,„
449 fish *•
449 blueglll 10.0-13.6
Chronic Toxlcity
Ref Species Dose Effect
-------
TABLE II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Ref
PENTACHLOROPHENOL 124
115
252
115
PENTACHLOROPHENATE, Na 252
115
115
252
PHENOL 252
449
Acute Toxicity
Oral 96 hr. TLa LC50
Specie* LDSO mg/kg mg/1 mg/1
PHENOLS ANQUINONEj^
rat 146
-------
TABLE II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
PHENOL ( cont,)
PYROCATECHOL
HALOGENATED
DDD
Acute Toxiclty
P f *,«c<.. Oral 96 hr' TtM LC5°
Ref Specl.8 W5Q ^^ ^^ mg/1
PHENOLS AND QUINONES
252,435,449 mosquito ,
fish 56
252 catfish 16.7
252 rat 3890
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
124 rat >4000
252 3400
173 400-3400
252 bluegill 0.03
449 0.056
174,252 channel cat <2.6
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
373 fish 3-5 mg/1 Change in behavior; foam-
>10 mg/1 Ing secretion from skin;
> 16 mg/1 paralyzed and sank;
335 fish damaged nervous system.
epithelial tissue,
intestines, reproductive
system and blood
444 rat Affected steroid metabolism
330 human Significant increase of the
mean DDD concentration
was found in cases of
hypertension
329 h,.n
-------
TABLE II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
DDD (cont.)
DDE
DDT
Acute Toxicity
„ . Oral 96 hr. ILm LC50
Ref Species jjjjo Bg/kg ^ Bg/1
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
124 rat 880
-------
TABlf I! (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
DDT (cent.)
Acute Toxicity
Ref
279
252
252
338
101,174.252
449
101,174,252
383
174,252,449
251
101,174,252
174
252
449
18,416
, Oral
SPecie8 LD50 mg/kg
mouse 580
150
chicken 1300
fish
bluegill
fathead
goldfish
guppy
channel cat
rainbow
trout
goldfish
96 hr. TLm LC50
mg/1 tug /I
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
0.034
0.016
0.007
fl.032
0.0155
0.027
0.028
0.043
>1.0
0.0237-0.074
Onno
• UUO
1.0 (loss of balance)
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
279
and succinic dehydrases
in hepatic tissue;
change in conditioned
reflexes; histological
changes in liver,
kidneys, myocardium,
suprarenals and brain
Affects steroid metabolism
302 rat 200 mg/kg Increase in ringtail
daily
May have effect on
reproduction in the case
of marginal fertility
443 Increase in uterine weight
330 human Significant elevated conc-
entrations in brain and
adipose tissue in cases
of hypertension
311 warmblood- 3.5 & 35 No ill effects up to
ed animals mg/day for 27 mos after study
21 mos
298 poultry 20 mg/kg No effect on reproduction
for 10 wks
1000 mg/kg Reduced egg production and
for 10 wks hatchability
-------
TABLE II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Acute Toxlclty
Ref
Species
Oral
LD50 mg/kg
96 hr. TLm LC50
mg/1 mg/1
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
Effect
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
DDT (cont.)
NITROCHLOROBENZENE
58
rabbit
520
152 mallard 25 mg/1
Significant thinning of
shells; reduced duckling
survival by 355!
324 fish 6.2 mg/1 No physiological stress
(whole body
cone.)
30 Japanese 100 ppm for Decrease in eggshell Ca
quail 45 days
402 mouse 0.4-0.7 Leucocytosis
mg/kg for
5 generations
58 rabbit 0.5 mg/kg Slight delay in the decreaa
at least of the agglutination
4 mos titer; change in
phagocytic activity of
leucocytes
144 rat 0.025 mg/kg Change in conditioned
daily for reflexes
8-9 mos
-------
TABlf II (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Acute Toxicity
Ref
Species
Oral
LD50 mg/kg
96 hr. TLm
mg/1
LC50
mg/1
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
Effect
ORGANOMETALICS
METHYLMERCURIC CHLORIDE
169
cat
rat
10-50 (as Hg/kg) LD
20 ( most ofted LD)
20 (as Hg/lOOg) LD
169 cat 1 mg/kg/day Clumsiness in walking,
unsteady movements,
ataxlc gait, dullness,
tremor, blindness, paro-
xysmal fits (several week:
after administration)
rat 1-2 mg/100g/ Body weight decrease.
day CH.HgCl action slow, occasionally
and (CH.Hg).S clonic cramps; sympton
same as cats
1,169, human fish from Numbness of limbs, constr-
349 Minamata Bay ictlon of visual field,
ataxia, impairment of
hearing and speech; ( in
severe cases unconscious-
ness, marked violent
agitation and death)
1,412, human fish from 22 cases, 5 deaths;Hg found
413 Agano R. In hair of patients
-------
TABLE III - MAMMALIAN ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC
POLLUTANTS OF FRESH WATER
This table contains acute and chronic toxicity of potential
organic pollutants in fresh water. These chemicals are sus-
pected to be in water because of their use for industrial,
/
agricultural or domestic purposes or because they are known
to be involved in manufacturing processes the waste products
of which are likely to be discharged into fresh water. This
listing is probably incomplete. As with Table II, there are
gaps in our knowledge of both acute and chronic toxicity in-
formation.
-------
TABLE III - MAMMALIAN ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS OF FRESH WATER
Agent
UNSUBSTITUTED
AMYLENE
(CH,),C-CHCH,
32 3
BUTYLENE
CH CH CH»CH
32 2
CYCLOHEXANE
C H
°6H12
O
CYCLOHEXENE
C.H,_
6 10
r^.
\J
ETHYLENE
2 2
Source
tar and gas wastes
effluent from
production of
styrene rubber
found in petroleum,
used for solvents,
for lacquers & resins
or for paint remover
petroleum, used as
solvent for lacquers
& resins or for
paint remover
manufacture of plas-
tics, alcohol, mustard
gas, ethylene oxide,
& other organics
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TU. LC50 a
mg/1
ALKANES AND ALKENES
252 sunfish lethal in
174 1 hr at
655-693
252
354 mouse 4700
435 mosquito 15,000
fish
355 mouse 2300
252 sunfish lethal in
1 hr at
22-25 mg/1
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
354 rat 400 mg/kg Decrease in catalase activity;
for 14-40 decrease in cholinesterase
days activity
0.05 mg/kg Change in conditioned reflexes
daily for
4 mos
355 white 500-4000 Decrease in weight
mouse mg/kg
white 100 mg/kg Decrease in catalase and
rat during 14 cholinesterase activity
days
white 400 mg/kg Decrease in capacity of liver
rat during 14 for synthesis of hippuric
days acid
rabbit 0.05-0.005 Decrease in catalase and
mg/kg for 6 cholinesterase activity
mos period
LD50 - dose at which 50% of animals died.
96 hr TLm - concentration at which 50% of fish died in 96
hrs (or other time indicated) .
LC50 - concentration at which 50% of fish died in 24 hrs.
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
ETHYLENE (Cont'd)
HEPTANE
CH3(CH2)5CH3
ISOBUTYLENE
CH \
3
ISOFRENE
CH-
| j
C^-C-CH-C^
PROPYLENE
CH3CH»CH2
HALOGENATED
ALLYL CHLORIDE
CH,-CHCH,C1
2 2
Source
effluent from pro-
duction of synthetic
ethyl alcohol
gasoline or other
petroleum wastes
effluent from pro-
duction of styrene
rubber
synthetic rubber
industry
effluent from pro-
duction of synthetic
ethyl alcohol
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLm LC50 mg/1
mg/1
ALKANES AND ALKENES
252 mosquito 4924
435 fish
179 less toxic
than the
alcohol
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
^•3 8 mg/kg Behavior changes & change in
general condition 15-20 min
after ingest ion
194 warm 5 mg/1 No effect
blooded
animals
191 rabbit 2.5 mg/kg Change in catalase activity
daily for
2 mos
rat 0.25 mg/kg Change in conditioned reflexes
daily
-------
TABL£ III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
BUTANE, POLYCHLORO.
C.C1 H.-
•t X JLU^X
CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
rn
cci4
Source
pesticide
intermediate in hexa-
chlorobutadiene pro-
duction
effluent from: manu-
facture of freons &
tetra-ch lor-alkanes ,
solvent in machine
building, rubber &
chemlcopharmaceutlca 1
industries
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr ™" LC50 mg/1
ALKANES AND ALKENES
274 white mouse 2000-2500
guinea pig 940-1400
219 albino rat 6139cf
5650?
340 rat 5730-9770
219 white mouse 9123
guinea pig 5760
rabbit 5760
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
219 albino 1/10 LD50 Considerable cumulative
rat for 1 mo. properties
dally
15 mg/kg Reduced content of erythrocytes ,
leukocytes, & hemoglobin;
Increase in SH groups in blood
serum followed by decrease;
increased actlvl1"" of glutamlc
oxalacetlc glutamlc-
pyruvlc transminases & lactic
dehydrogenase in blood serum;
prolonged prothrombin time
increased concentration of
urea in blood serum & of
coproporphyrln In the urine;
disturbance of renal function;
increase of vitamin C in liver
& kidneys
1.5 mg/kg Same effects as above; distur-
bance in interrelationships
between the main cortical
processes of inhibition and
stimulation
252 human 5 mg/1 Death
skin Dermatitis
(repeated
contact)
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
CHLOROCYCLOHEXAHE
o
CHLOROFORM
CHC13
DBCP
(NElttGON)
H H H
H-^-C-C-H
BrfcrCl
Source
effluent from indus-
try producing capro-
lactara
solvent for fats &
varnishes manufacture
of alkalies & rayon
pesticide
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 rag/kg 96 hr TUn LC50 mg/i
mg/1
ALKANES AND ALKENES
263 white mouse 1750
white rat 1875
guinea pig 1750
174 bluegill 20 (48 hr)
largemouth 20 (48 hr)
baas
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Speclea Dose Effect
300 experi- 0.25-25 Disturbed conditioned reflex
mental rag/1 for
animals 6 mos
620 guinea 0.4 mg/kg Increase In vitamin C in
pig adrenals
35 mg/kg Decrease In blood catalase; i
decrease in phagocytic capa-
city of leukocytes; structural
lesions in liver, heart muscle
& stomach wall; fatty infil-
tration, necrobiosia, &
cirrhosis of liver parenchyma,
lipoid degeneration & proli-
feration of interstitial cells
in myocardium, and acute edema
of the submucous & muscular
layers of the stomach
albino 0.4 mg/kg No effect
rat 125 mg/kg Decrease in conditioned reflex;
decrease in chollnergic acti-
vity; hlstological changes
60 12.5 mg/kg Affects conditioned reflexes
by fourth month
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
DICHLOB.QBUTANE
CH CH CH CHC1
DICHLOROCYCLOHEXANE
o
Cl
DICHLOROETHANE
C H Cl
(-2B4L12
Source
effluent from plants
producing synthetic
rubber from acetylene
effluent from plants
manufacturing capro-
lactam
Industrial organic
solvent; manufacture
of tobacco extract
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLm LC50 „-/!
mg/1
ALKANES AND ALKENES
175 rabbit 5 mg/1 for 2 hr caused degenera-
cat tive changes in all animals In
mouse bronchial epithelium
3 mg/1 for 2 hr caused purulent
and necrotic pneumonia and pre-
bronchitis, swelling of kidney
canaliculll and irritation of
hemopoietic organs
207 white mouse 480
252 rat 770
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
175 dog Apathy; disturbed coordination;
symptoms of paresis & paraly-
sis; increased rate of respi-
ration, cough, salivation,
diarrhea, and progressive
loss of weight
rabbit 0.005-10 0.005-0.1 mg/kg: no effect
dfily for l and 10 mg/k8: welght loss'
, increase in blood sugar, in-
m crease in leukocyte number,
increase in pyruvic acid
content of blood
10 mg/kg: liver tissue hyper-
emia; change In liver, kid-
neys, brain, lungs & testicles
207 white 12.5 mg/kg Increase In reticulocyte number;
rat for 6 mos decrease in normob lasts; other
blood composition changes;
wrinkling of nerve cells of
brain; inflammation of liver;
tissue edema in all organs;
spleen capsule trabeculi and
vascular walls of all organs
indurated
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
1,2-DlCHLOROHEXA-
FLUORO-1-CYCLOHEXENE
F
F-T — ^~f
F A //Vl
Ft — ^
1,2-DICHLOROHEXA-
FLUORO-CYCLOPENTENE- 1
Cl
J\
C1~V /^
\ / F
F "> < F
F F
DICHLOROMETHANE
CH Cl
Source
synthesis of fluorine-
containing rubbers &
other polymers
production of plas-
tics & synthetic
rubber used in refri-
gerators
Acute Toxic! ty
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLm LC50 mg/1
mg/1
ALKANES AND ALKENES
381 mouse 276
414 mouse 5600
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
380 rat & 0.02 mg/kg No effect on carbohydrate meta-
rabbit daily holism, SH group, or pyruvic
acid blood concentrations, or
conditioned reflexes; higher
doses did produce morphologi-
cal changes
381 rat 28-30 mg/kg Decrease in 0, consumption
daily - 40
days
rabbit 28-30 mg/kg Inhibition of catalase activity;
daily - 90 decrease in SH groups & total
days protein; increase in blood
pyruvic acid; increase in
hemoglobin, RBC & WBC; de-
crease in monocyte & leukocyte
counts; protein dystrophy in
liver; disappearance of trans-
verse striae in cardiac muscle
fibers
rat 8.2 mg/kg Decrease in 02 consumption;
daily - decrease in conditioned re-
185 days flexes; histo logical changes
in kidney, liver & heart cells
414 rat 0.4 mg/kg Disturbance in regulatory
daily - vegetative system
6 mos
guinea 0.4 mg/kg Increase ascorbic acid content
pig daily - of adrenals
5 mos
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
--
ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE
(BROMOFUME, EDB)
BrCHjCHjBr
ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE
CICHjCHjCl
Source
fumigant
fumigant
FREON 253
(TRIFLUOROCHLOROPROPANE)
C.H.F.Cl
343
HEXACHLOROBUTADIENE
cci2-cci-cci-cci2
HEXACHLOROCYCLO-
FENTADIENF.
ci xci
C1~"C ffCi
/-— \
Cl Cl
pesticide
manufacture of heat-
resistant & shock-
proof plastics
Acute Toxiclty
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr^TLm LC50 ^
ALKANES AND ALKENES
340 rat 108-170
174 blueglll 18 (48 hr)
largemouth
bass IS (48 hr)
340 rat 670-890
360 white mouse 62
274 white rat 350
white mouse 87
guinea pig 90
284 white mouse 600
Chronic Toxlclty
Ref Species Dose Effect
360 rabbit 5, 0.005, Weight gain; decrease In glyco-
& rat 0.0005 genlc ability of liver; In-
mg/kg crease in blood pyruvic acid;
daily for conditioned reflexes affected
7 mos at higher doses
274, guinea 2 rag/kg Depressed phagocytic activity;
275 pig daily increase in vitamin C content
of organs; affected condi-
tioned reflexes
275 guinea 2 mg/kg Decrease In serum SH groups;
pig daily histopathological changes in
some organs
284 white 0.002 mg/kg Lymphocytes Is
rat dally - 6
mos
0.0002- No changes in peripheral blood
0.00002 cells; ascorbic acid content,
mg/kg the suprarenals, conditioned
daily - reflexes, or histological
6 mos structure of organs
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
HEXACHLOROETHANE
ci3ccci3
REPOSE
Cl>0
TI I*" y
bV[ J ci
C / 1 ^
dr"v, \i
Cl C1
HIRKX
Cl C1
d^__l»--TCl
raV-l— rCl
ClT^I Iqj
or*2000 (dermal)
340 95
173 114-140
40 red-ear 0.029-0.14
sunfish (variation in
temperature)
124 rat 740cT
6009
340 300-600
124 >2,000 (dermal)
173 600-740
213 rat 450
mouse 360
340, rat 200-500
449 bluegill 12 .
rainbow 15
trout
415 mouse 740
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
US rabbit 0.05 mg/kg No significant effects
daily
2x3 rabbit 10 mg/1 as Change in sugar curve
drinking H20
for > 9 wks
415 rabbit 0.25 mg/kg No significant changes
daily
37 mg/kg Change in blood sugar; patho-
daily logical changes in liver
and heart
-------
TABl£ III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
•
Cl-C^CClj
TETRACHLOROHEPTANE
C12CH(CH2)5CHC12
TEIRACHLORONONANE
C12CH(CH2)?CHC12
TETRACHLOROPENTANE
corn ru PH rnn
22222
TETRACHLOROPROPANE
CljjCHSHjCHCljj
Source
industrial compound
use in future for
synthesis of poly-
amide fibers as emul-
sifiera, solvents,
lacquers & heat
carriers, etc.
use in future for
synthesis of poly-
amide fibers as emul-
siflers, solvents,
lacquers & heat
carriers, etc.
n
ii
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 £r *Lo LC50 mg/1
ALKANES AMD ALKENES
382 rat 8.00 (ml/kg
undiluted)
359 laboratory 475
animals
359 laboratory 920
animals
359 laboratory 430
animals
359 laboratory 600
animals
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
359 labora- 0.03 mg/1 Change in CNS; change In 02 con-
tory 4-6 mos sumption; leukocytes is; thick-
animals daily in- ening of lung septi; moderate
halation protein dystrophy; swelling
of retlculo endothelium
rat 150 mg/kg Increase in blood leukocytes;
daily for no cumulative properties
3 mos
359 labora- 0.03 mg/1 Change in CNS; change in 02 con-
tory 4-6 mos sumption; leukocytosls; thick-
animals daily in- enlng of lung septi; moderate
halation protein dystrophy; swelling
of retlculo endothelium; no
cumulative properties
359 labora- 2.1 mg/1 Decrease in weight; decrease in
tory 2 mos. - 02 consumption; increased size
animals inhala- & weight of liver; leukocy-
tion tosls
rat 150 mg/kg Increase in blood leukocytes;
daily for no cumulative properties
3 mos
359 laboratory 2.1 mg/1 Decrease in weight; decrease in
animals 2 mos - 0. consumption; Increased sizi
inhala- & weight of liver; leukocy-
tion tosls
rat 150 mg/kg Increase in blood leukocytes;
daily for no cumulative properties
3 mos
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
TETRACHLOROUNDECANE
C1,CH(CH ) CHC1,
2 29 i.
TRICHLOROETHYLENE
C1CH-CC12
NITRO COMPOUNDS
CHLORONITROSOCYCLO-
HEXANE
Cl
o
NITROCYCLOHEXANE
NO
6 11 2
NITROETHANE
CH3CH2N02
Source
used in dry cleaning;
manufacture of chemi-
cals & Pharmaceuticals
effluent from plants
manufacturing capro-
lactam
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLm LC50 mg/1
mg/1
ALKANES AND ALKENES
359 laboratory 4300
animals
252 dog 5860
264 mouse 5900
207 white rat 384-450
393 rat 1100
mouse 860
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
359 laboratory 0.03 mg/1 Change in CNS; change in 02 con-
animals 4-6 mos sumption; leukocytosis; thick-
daily in- ening of lung septi; moderate
halation protein dystrophy; swelling
of reticulo endothelium; no
cumulative properties
264 test 300 mg/kg Decrease in phagocytic index;
animals daily for no significant changes
2 mos
207 rat 1 & 10 Increase in blood reticulocytes ;
mg/kg increase in myeloerythroid
proportion in bone marrow;
decrease in erythropoietlc
cells; increase in weight of
liver & spleen; degenerative
necrobiotic changes
12.5 mg/kg All of above plus dystrophic
changes
0.1 mg/kg Slight effect on functional
state of organism
352 rat 1.5 mg/kg Morphological changes in kidney,
daily for liver, & nervous system
6 mos
393 rat 0.05 mg/kg Did not affect conditioned re-
daily for flexes, thiol cholinesterase,
6 mos or residual N concentration
in blood, or tissue morphology
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
NITROMETHANE
CH3N02
ALLYL ALCOHOL
CH2 - CHOUGH
AMYL ALCOHOL
CH-(CH ) OH
^} 24
BUTYL ALCOHOL
3 23"
1 .4-BUTANEDIOL
CH2-(CH2)2CH2
1 '
Source
chemical wastes &
some distilling wastes
wastes from paint,
varnish & chemical
industries
manufacture of poly-
urethanes as well as
divinyl for manufac-
ture of synthetic
rubber; intermediate
product of synthesis
of the blood substi-
tute polyvinyl-pyrro-
lidone; other indus-
trial & agricultural
effluents
Acute Toxtcity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr ™* LC50 mg/1
mg/1
ALKANES AND ALKENES
393 rat 900
mouse 950
ALCOHOLS
77 rat 64
286 human two persons drank a mixture of butyl
& amyl alcohol - state of narcosis
449 goldfish 10
(survival time*
94 hr—o, )
286 human two persons drank a mixture of butyl
& amyl alcohol - state of narcosis
252 rat 4360
77 2750
197 white rat 2062
white mouse 1525
guinea pig 1200
rabbit 2531
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
393 rat 0.05 mg/kg Did not affect conditioned re-
daily for flexes, thiol cholinesterase,
6 mos or residual N concentration in
blood, or tissue morphology
286 cat & 1.85% Reduced activity of pancreatic
dog juice, pepsin, & trypsin
.197 rat 30 mg/kg Change in conditioned reflexes;
6 mos decrease In cholinesterase
study activity; decrease in liver
glycogen; decrease in SH
groups in grey matter of brain
& in whole blood; decrease in
vitamin C in organs; increase
in activity of blood trans -
aminases ; reduced content of
nissl bodies & growth of glial
elements in cerebral tiss".e
-------
TABIE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
1,4-BUTYNEDIOL
CHjOHC = CCH2OH
CYCLOHEXANOL
o-
DICHLOROHYDRIN
CHjClCHOHCHjCl
PIETHYLENEGLYCOL
0(CH2CH2OH)2
Source
Intermediate product
in synthesis of the
blood substitute poly-
vinyl pyrrolidone
(PVP) ; other indus-
trial & agricultural
effluents
effluent from pro-
duction of capro-
lactam
effluent from textile,
pharmaceutical, per-
fumery, & tobacco
industries; effluent
from manufacture of
synthetic resins,
fabrics, plastics, &
explosives
Acute Toxiclty
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLm LC50 mg/1
ng/1
ALCOHOLS
197 white rat 104.75
white mouse 104.50
guinea pig 130.00
rabbit 150.00
353 mouse 1240
210 mouse 93
313 rat 15,650
77 20,760
314 mouse 13,300
guinea pig 14,000
rabbit 2,688
435, mosquito
449 fish 32000
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
197 rat 2 mg/kg Change in conditioned reflexes;
6 mos decrease in cholinesterase
study activity; decrease in liver
glycogen; decrease in SH
groups in grey matter of brainj
& in whole blood; decrease in
vitamin C in organs; increase
in activity of blood serum
transaminases ; reduced cont-
ent of nissl bodies & growth
of gllal elements in cerebral
tissue
353 rabbit 0.2, 2.0 Change in blood sugar levels;
& 20.0 decrease in blood catalase;
mg/kg pathological changes in kid-
daily for neys & liver at 2.0 and 20.0
6 mos mg/kg
rat 0.02 & Significant effect on condi-
2.0 mg/kg tioned reflexes
314 rabbit 0.5 mg/kg Affected kidney & liver function
daily
rabbit 0.5 mg/kg Increase In urea & indican in
daily blood serum; decrease in indi-
can in urine; shortened pro-
thrombln time; inhibited ex-
cretory hepatic function
rabbit 0.05 mg/kg No effect
daily
albino 0.05 mg/kg No effect on conditioned
rat daily reflexes
i
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
DIMETHYLPHENYL-
CARBINOL
CH,
ETHYL ALCOHOL
32
ETHYLEKE GLYCOL
HOCH.CH.OH
2 2
ETHYL HEXANEDIOL
(RUTGERS 612)
HEPTYL ALCOHOL
CHj ICH2 ) jCHjOH
Source
effluent from pro-
duction of phenol &
acetone
used in manufacture of
organic substances,
perfumes, flavors, &
drugs; used for
beverages, fuel, paint
and varnishes
pesticide i repellent
Acute Toxlcity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLm LC50 mg/1
ALCOHOLS
153 rat 2540
mouse 1650
252 stickle- 40,000
back caused intoxication
313 rat 13,000
77 8,540
313 mouse 8,050
guinea pig 11,150
rabbit 5,017
340 rat 2600
Chronic Toxlcity
Ref Species Dose Effect
153 rabbit 2.5 mg/kg Increase in chollnesterase
daily activity; albuminuria; path-
ological changes in kidneys
313, rabbit 0.5 mg/kg Affected kidney & liver function
314 daily
Increase in urea & indican in
blood serum ;decr ease in indicai
in urine; shortened pro-
thrombln time; inhibited ex-
cretory hepatic function
rat 5 mg/kg Functional changes in higher
dally nervous activity
465 0.5 mg/kg No effect
daily for
4 1/2 mos
256 warm- 0.0025 Threshold causing slight
blooded mg/kg changes in conditioned re-
animals flexes and carbohydrate
metabolism
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
HEXYL ALCOHOL
CH3(CH2)5OH
ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL
(CH3)2CHCH2OH
METHYL ALCOHOL
CHjOH
MONOCHLOROHYDRIN
C1CH,CH2OH
NONYL ALCOHOL
CH3(CH2}8°H
OLEYL ALCOHOL EO
CH3(CH2)?CH-CH(CH2)7Cl
PINE OIL
(CYCLIC TERPENE
ALCOHOLS)
PROPYL ALCOHOL
Source
industrial
used in chemical syn-
thesis, as a fuel, as
a solvent & in com-
mercial manufacture
of many products
surfactant
flotoreagents efflu-
ent from non-ferrous
ore concentrating
plants
industrial solvent
i
Acute Toxlcity
Ref Species LD50 rag/kg 96 hr ,TLm LC50 mg/1
mg/1 *
ALCOHOLS
252 rat A.I
286 human intoxication can occur
in cases ingesting im-
pure vodka
252 trout 8100 mg/1
had no harmful
effects in 24 hr
210 mouse 135
77, rat 2700-25800
397
^33 slight toxic properties
when introduced orally
252 rat 3300
Chronic Toxlcity
Ref Species Dose Effect
286 dog & 1.85% Reduced activity of pancreatic
cat cone. juice
252 human small amounts lead to blindness;
10 ml has caused death
256 warm 0.005 Threshold - caused slight
blooded mg/kg changes in conditioned re-
animals flexes and carbohydrate
metabolism
-------
TABl£ III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
STREPTOMYCIN
C21H39N7°12
TERPINEOL
/ v OH
// \ / PtI
CH3 -4f \\ CH3
TETRAHYDROFURFURYL
ALCOHOL
/°VCH2OH
Source
effluent from manu-
facture of strepto-
mycin
flotoreagent efflu-
ent from non-ferrous
ore concentrating
plants
Industrial effluent
Acute Toxiclty
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 h* ' *Ln LC50 mg/1
ALCOHOLS
262 mouse 75
233 slight toxic properties
when introduced orally
322 albino rat 2500
white mouse 2300
guinea pig 3000
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dote Effect
321 rat, 10 mg/kg Affects conditioned reflexes
mouse, dally for
rabbit 4 mos
rat, 20 mg/kg Affects chollnesterase actl-
mouse, daily for vlties, prothrombln times,
rabbit 4 mos liver glycogen concentra-
tions, and rates of Immuni-
zation
320 labora- >5 ml/1 in Pathological changes
tory drinking
animals water
322 rabbit, 20 mg/kg Weight lag; 567. decrease in
mouse, dally chollnesterase activity after
rat 2 mos.; 40-70% Increase in
prothrombln time after 2 mos.
rabbit, 20 mg/kg Increase in liver glycogen
mouse, daily level; leukocytes is ; rise in
rat oxygen consumption; hepatic
lesions
rat 10 mg/kg Decrease in conditioned reflexet
daily
(long
term)
-------
TABLE Ml (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Source
Acute Toxlcity
Ref Species
LD50 mg/kg 96 hr,TLm LC50 mg/1
ng/1
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
Effect
4-(g-TOLYL)-l-
PENTANOL CH.
bleached kraft pulp
mill waste
(_y-
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
DI1SOPROPYLAMINE
CH3 N /CHj
CB3/ "^ \CH3
2-ETHYLBUTYLAMINE
ClUCH-
ETHYLENEDIAMINE
NH2CH,,CH2NH2
HEXAMETHYLENE-
DIAMINE
. .
2 * <>'6 2
HEXAMETHYLENE
DIAMINE ADIPATE
NH,(CH ) NH
I 262
H-
HOOC (CH,)4COOH
Source
effluent from pro-
duction of chemical
poisons
production of nylon
raw product in pro-
duction of nylon
Acute Toxic! ty
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg »6 £r.TLn LC50 ng/1
AMINES
252 rat 770
122 550
122 mouse 690
77, rat 390
252
77, rat 1160
252
41 white mouse 700
Chronic Toxlclty
Ref Species Dose Effect
122, warm 0.025 mg/kg Limiting permissible concen-
361 blooded tration
animals
rat & 0.5 mg/kg Decrease in immunoblologlcal
guinea daily for organism reaction; increase
pig 6 mos in lymphocyte number
43 rat 100 mg/kg Fur ruffled & luster less; lack
daily of desire for food; irrita-
tion of gastro- intestinal
tract; death of most animals
after 6-7 doses
rabbit 0.05 6. Well defined shifts in blood
0.005 leukocytes, nucleic acid con-
mg/kg tent, cholinesterase activity.
daily - glutamic-alanine transferase
6 mos activity, & in blood serum
proteins
41 rabbit 5.0 mg/kg Decrease in cholinesterase
daily for activity; disturbed blood
7 mos sugar curve following heavy
administration of ga lactose: ;
increase in number and total
prottip SH group
i
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
HEXYLAMINE
ISOPROPYLAMINE
CH3^ CHNH2
6 -MERCAPTODIETHltl,-
AMINE
(HSCH2CH2)2NH
MONOETHANOLAMINE
NH2CH2CH2OH
Source
production of Atra-
zlne (a pesticide)
pesticide; found in
waste water from
plants manufacturing
the pesticide
production of dyes,
solvents, Pharmaceu-
ticals, detergents &
some perfume; used in
precision instrument
construction, avia-
tion, shipbuilding &
others as an inhibi-
tor of metal corro-
sion
i
Acute Toxlcity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr JLm LC5Q ^
mg/1
AMINES
252 rat 670
116 white rat 880
77 820
white mouse 600
114 rat 650
mous e 550
rabbit 350
341 mouse 15,000
77 rat 20,000
2,140
Chronic Toxiclty
Ref Species Dose Effect
116 labora- No appreciable cumulative
tory effects; affects CNS
animal
361 warm 0.05 mg/1 Limiting permissible concentra-
blooded tion
animals
114 rabbit 5 mg/kg Decrease in cholinesterase .icti-
daily for vity; pathological changes in
5-1/2 mos gastro-intestinal tract;
slight change in blood sugar
curve
341 rat 0.5 mg/kg Weight change; sick & lethar-
daily for gic; cyanosis; decrease in
7 mos cholinesterase activity; in-
crease in weight of liver;
decrease in blood prothrombin
0.025-0.25 Decrease in blood prothrombin
mg/kg daily
for 7 mos
rabbit 0.5 mg/kg Decrease in cholinesterase acti-
daily for vity; decrease in carbohy-
7 raos drate metabolism in 1 rabbit
-------
TABLE 111 (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Source
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species
LD50 mg/kg
96 hr TLm
mg/1
LC50 mg/1
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species
Dose
Effect
PHENYLHYDRAZINE
TRIETHANOLAMINE
.CHjCHjOH
.OH
TRIETHYLAMINE
AMINES
manufacture of dyes;
& as a reagent for
sugars, aldehydes &
ketonea; chemical
treatment of water in
hot water supply sys-
tems; user in prepar-
ation of synthetic
fibers, films & plas-
tics, as softeners &
plastlclzera in manu-
facture of rubber, as
Inhibitors of plant
growth, aa detergents
& softeners in the
textile Industry
92 rat 188
white mouse 175
guinea pig 80
rabbit 80
77 rat
8680
process of organic
synthesis In the pro-
duction of herbicides
& accelerators for
synthetic rubber
176 white mouse 545.8
77 rat 460
176 rabbit
albino
rat
177 rat
6 mg/kg
daily for
7 mos
54.5 mg/kg
daily for
2 mos
10.0 & 1.0
mg/kg daily
Disturbance In carbohydrate
function of liver
No cumulative effects
Significant changes in electro-
encephalogram & conditioned
reflexes
-------
TABU III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
AROMATIC
3 ,4-DICHLORANILINE
NH_
x4.
CLB
cl
o-NITROANILINE
m-NITROANILINE
p-NITROANILINE
p-PHENYLENEDIAMINE
(URSOL)
NH2 \ / HH2
i
Source
effluent from aniline
dye & fur dyeing
plants
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLm LC50 mg/1
tug/1
AMINES
169 mouse 1246.1
guinea pig 2350
269 rat 700
guinea pig 450
269 rat 1500
guinea pig 450
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
>7 rat 20 mg/kg Change In neutrophil phagocy-
daily tosis
i
i
269 rat Spasms; increased quantity of
hemoglobin, erythrocytes, &
reticulocytes, the phenomenon
of Heinz bodies, leukocytosis.
neutrophilis, lymphopenia
(acute intoxication)
269 rat Same as o-Nitroaniline except
had inhibitions & no spasms
269 rat Same as o-Nitroaniline
461 rabbit 0.05 mg/kg Change in blood sugar; induced
daily for allergic sensitivity
6-7 tnos
460 rabbit 0.5 mg/kg Change in general condition &
daily for behavior; increase in number
7 mos of reticulocytes; disturbed
liver glycogenic function;
disturbed carbohydrate liver
function; induced allergy
sens it ivi tv
0.5-5.0 Ciisrge in conditioned reflexes ,
ng/kg daily
for 7 raos
1
f
! '
-------
TABl£ III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
QUARTERNARY
ALKYLDIMETHYLBENZYL-
AMMON1UM CHLORIDE
CH.-N-CH..
•3 H 3 C1
ALKYLDIMETHYLCHLORO-
BENZYLAMMONIUM
CHLORIDE
BENZETHONIUM CHLORIDE
(HYAMINE 1622)
CETYLDIMETHYL ETHYL-
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
j. .CH,
CHOLINE CHLORIDE
CH3
HOCH,CH,N±CH.C1-
22, '3
CH,
Source
synthetic surfactant;
used in textile, min-
ing, metal-working,
food, paper & other
industries, in agri-
culture, & as deter-
gents
synthetic surfactant;
used in textile, min-
ing, metal-working,
food, paper 6. other
industries, in agri-
culture, & as deter-
gents
pesticide
synthetic surfactant;
used in textile, min-
ing, metal-working,
food, paper & other
industries, in agri-
culture & as deter-
gents
Acute Toxlcity
Ref Species
138 albino rat
138 albino rat
17A coho salmon
138 albino rat
468 human
LD50 mg/kg
340
2000
60
96 hr ,TLm
mg/1
LC50 mg/1
AMINES,
53 (48 hr)
5-20 g/1 -
minimum to affect
human organism
Chronic Toxicity
Ref
Species Dose
Effect
138 human
Skin irritation; CNS poison
138 human
Skin irritation; CNS poison
138 human
Skin irritation; CNS poison
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Source
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species
LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLm LC50 mg/1
mg/ 1
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
Effect
DIQUAT
pesticide
2 Br~
LAURYL IMIDAZOLINE surfactant
PARAQUAT
QUARTERNARY AMMONIUM
CHLORIDE
(PREPARATION 34)
(R)4N+C1~
QUARTERNARY PYRI-
DINIUM
pesticide
surfactant
component in deter-
gent or cleaning
formulation
173 rat
174 chinook
salmon
397, rat
77
124 rat
173
467 rat
mouse
400-440
3200
lOOd1
1109
90? v (dermal)
112-200
750
744
AMINES
38.5 (24 hr)
467 albino 0.05, 0.5 0.05 had no effect on animals;
rat & & 10 mg/kg alterations in transaminase
rabbit daily for activity; inhibition of cho-
6 mos linesterase activity at 0.5
mg/kg only; inhibition of
blood catalase; decrease in
ascorbic acid content in
hepatic tissue; histological
variations in organs
397 rat 200-250
mouse 470-2500
guinea pig 200
rabbit 400
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
STERINOL "^ Br-
C H
HITRItES 16 33
ACETONE CYANOHYDRIN
(CH3)2C(OH)CN
ACETONITRILE
CH3C"N
ACRYLONITRILE
CHjCHCN
Source
detergent
petrochemical
pesticide; used in
manufacture of plas-
tics & synthetic
rubber
Acute Toxlcity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 £r "*> LC5Q mg/1
AMINES
20 rat 250
365 rat 13.3
mouse 2.9
guinea pig 9.0
rabbit 13.5
77 rat 3800
252 bluegill 1850
fathead 1000
guppy 1650
340 rat 81-106
252 pin perch 24.5 (24 hr)
bluegill 11.8
fathead 14.3-18.1
guppy 33.5
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
365 rat 0.0005 Affect on blood morphology.
mg/kg daily catalase and chollnesterase
for 6 mos activity, vitamin C concen-
trations and conditioned
reflexes
454 rat 1 mg/kg Depressed response to weak stim-
daily for ulation and the appearance of
6 mos narcotic, equalizing and para-
doxical phases
rabbit 10 mg/kg Slight microcellular prolifera-
daily for tion in the interstitial
6 mos kidney tissue & some homogen-
ation of blood vessels in
internal organs
-------
TABLE III (CONTJ - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
ADIPONITRILE
NC(CH2)4CN
BENZONITRILE
/7~\
Vs-/0"
LACTONITRILE
CH3
H-C-OH
CN
LETHANE 384
CH3(CH2)3-0-(CH2)2-0-(
OXYDIPROPIONITRILE
NCCH2CH2-0- CH CH2CN
Source
production of nylon;
petrochemical
petrochemical
petrochemical
pesticide
CH2)2-SCN
petrochemical
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 rag/kg 96 h^ TLm LC5Q fl
mg/1
AMINES
196 rat 105
white mouse 48
rabbit 19.4
449 bluegill 720
fathead 820
guppy 775
449 bluegill 78
fathead 78
guppy 400
449 bluegill 0.90
fathead 0.90
guppy 1.37
pin perch 0.215 (24 hr)
340 rat 90
49 1190
(50% active agent)
173 90-300
77 rat 2830
449 bluegill 4200
fathead 3600
guppy 4450
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
196 Change in internal organs &
behavior
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
THANITE
CH, O
HETEROCYCLIC
ACRIDINE
C6H4CHNC6H4
AMITROLE
(ATA, WEEDA ZOL,
AMINOTRIAZOLE)
| I] 2
HN N
ATRAZINE
HJL If
CH.JCH2N'^rvNHCH (C
CYANURIC ACID
OH^'VOH
N^vJl
Source
tar & gas wastes
pesticide
pesticide
H )
Acute Toxlcity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLn LC5Q fl
ng/1
AMINES
340 rat 1600
49 2140 (82% active agent)
49 perch 0.7 (fatal
in 1 hr)
252 rat 14,700
25,000
173 1100-2500
252 red-sided 983.3-1370
shiners
173 rat 2000 1.25 (507. in
251 minnow A36i;48hr)
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
249 rat 6. 30 mg/kg Reduced amount of ascorbic acid
guinea daily for in kidneys and spleen of
pig 6 mos guinea pig; dystrophic cbapgcs
in kidnevs
rat & 200 mg/kg Suppression of weight increase:
guinea daily for reduced amount of ascorbic
pig 6 mos acid in spleen & kidneys of
guinea pig: dystrophic changes
in kidneys
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
2-HTOROXYSIMAZINE
NHC2H5
ISOQUINOLINE
co
MORESTAN
N S
MORPHOLINE
0
H
NICOTINE
,^>-O
^N CH3
PICOLINE
^
Q-m>
Source
pesticii
pesticide
industrial
pesticide
some industrial
wastes
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr ,TLm LC50 ma/1
mg/1
AMINES
174 sunfish 65 (fatal
in 1 hr)
perch 100 (fatal
in 1 hr)
124 rat ISOOrf
11009
>2000 (dermal)
124 rat 1050
304 mammal 2-10
124 rat 83 (as sulfate)
285 (as sulfate)
(dermal)
340 rat 10 (as sulfate)
252 55.2
252 rat 1.29
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
24',' rat & 250 mg/kg Atrophic gastritis
guinea daily for
pig 6 mos
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
PICLORAM JJH,
Cl-j^Sr-Cl
Cl-^j^ C-OH
PROMETRTOE
TT^^n 3
9^3 t y ^3
HC-N'^y'V-CH
CH3 " CH3
QUINALDINE
C10H9N f*VV*3
QUINOLINE
CqH N
l^^jv^N^
WA^
S1MAZINE
n" Cl
7lC.Hc
H 2 5
Source
pesticide
pesticide
coal tar 6> gas plant
wastes
tar & gas wastes
pesticide
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLn LC50 fflg/1
Dg/1
AMINES
19 rat 2138
mouse 3126
252 trout 5.0 (lethal
in 1 hr)
rat 1230
174 sunfish 52-56 (lethal
in 1 hr)
perch 30-50 (lethal
in 1 hr)
252 <30 - lethal
trout 5.0 (lethal
in 14 hr)
bluegill 5.0 (lethal
in 4 hr)
fish 7.5 - lethal
173 rat 5000
17* rainbow 85 (48 hr Tim)
trout
174, chinook 6.6 (48 hr)
252 salmon
251 minnow 0.5 (lethal
in 3 days)
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
182 bird No chronic toxiclty
19 0.625 mg/kg Affects conditioned reflexes,
daily for blood composition, carbohy-
6 rnos drates. metabolism, and
histology
2^2 Paralyzes respiratory muscles
249 rat & 100 mg/kg Suppressed weight increase;
guinea pig daily for increase in number of leuco-
6 mos cytes; decrease in cholines-
terase activity in blood;
atrophic gastritis
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
STRYCHNINE
CARBOXYLIC
ACRYLIC ACID
CH -CHCOOH
ADIPIC ACID
HOOC(CH2)4COOH
BENZOIC ACID
CgHjCOOH
BUTYRIC ACID
CAFROIC ACID
CHLORENANTHIC ACID
6C
Cl(CH2)6COOH
Source
pesticide
Car & gas wastes
effluent from pro-
duction of enantha
fiber
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species
LD50 mg/kg 96 *>r TLa LC5Q mg/1
304 rat
4.0tf )
195 rat 1250
white mouse 830
rabbit 250
88 bluegill
174 sunfish
435, mosquito
252 fish
88 D. magna
88 bluegill
215 white mouse 1800
AMINES
(subcutaneous)
ORGANIC ACIDS
<330 (24 hr)
550-570 (lethal
in 1 hr)
180
61 (48 hr)
>150-<200 (24 hr)
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
Effect
195 mouse
215 rat
5 0.25
mg/kg
daily for
2 mos
Physiological effects
200 mg/kg Slight decrease in choline-
daily for sterase activity
2-1/2 mos
-------
TA3LE III (CCNT.) - ACUTE ANO CHRONIC TGXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
CHLORENANTHIC ACID
(Cont.)
CHLOROPELARGONIC ACID
Cl(CH2)gCOOH
CHLORUNDECANOIC ACID
C1(CH2) 1QCOOH
CITRIC ACID
C6H8°7
DALAPON
(DOWPON)
CH,CCl,COONa
3 2
Source
effluent from pro-
duction of enantha
fiber
effluent from pro-
duction of enantha
fiber
industrial waste
pesticide
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 95 hr TLm LC50 fi
mg/1
ORGANIC ACIDS
215 white mouse 3000
215 white mouse 6000
449 D. magna 185 (fatal in
10-17 hr)
198 albino rat 4700
252 6590-8120
173 4000-9300
198 white mouse 7100
174 coho salmon 340 (48 hr)
438 bass >1000 (48 hr)
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
215 rat & 5 mg/kg No significant change in leuko-
rabbit daily for cyte number, blood sugar,
6-1/2 mos ; blood cholinesterase or con-
50 mg/kg ditioned reflexes
daily for
6-1/2 mos
rat 300 mg/kg Increase in leukocyte number
daily for
1-1/2 mos
rat 300 mg/kg Increase in leukocyte number
daily for
1-1/2 mos
!99 albino 235 6. 940 At 940 mg/kg animals showed a
rat mg/kg daily decrease in weight gain;
for 2 mos decrease in serum SH groups;
increase in vitamin C content
of suprarenals; increase in
weight coefficient of liver,
kidneys, spleen, thyroid,
pituitary & suprarenals;
his to logical changes with
both doses
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
DALAPON (Cont.)
2 ,4-DB
Source
pesticide
0
II
Ul -ff V 0-CH2-CH2-CH2-C-OH
\=/
Cl
DDA
Cir^\
c^""00"
DELRAD
CH COOH
x>
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
ENDOTHALL
Xts/COOH
•sl^COOH
GLUTARIC ACID
LACTIC ACID
C3H6°3
MALEIC ACID
Hv 'COOH
T
ir""- COOH
MALEIC ANHYDRIDE
»-c
L:_C>
MALONIC ACID
HOOC CH2COOH
MCFB
135
88 bluegill 330 (24 hr)
449 D. magna 191 (fatal
In 6-48 hr)
rat
435 mosquito 230
fish
88 bluegill 150 (24 hr)
173 rat 680
174 blueglll 15 (48 hr)
largemouth 10 (48 hr)
bass
Chronic Toxlcity
Ref Species Doee Effect
229 rat 0.06 mg/kg Affects glycogen synthesizing
daily for liver function
6 mos
rabbit 6 mg/kg Decrease In phagocytic activity
daily for
5 moi
232 rabbit 2.5 mg/kg Disturbance In liver glycogenic
daily for synthesizing function; some
6 nos hlstological changes
5 mg/kg Change in phagocytic activity
dally for
5 mos
-------
TABlf III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
OXALIC ACID
?1
HO-C-C-OH
PHTHALIC ACID
^-COOH
(XcOOH
-TANNIC ACID
COOH
TCA
CCljCOOH
Source
pesticide
pesticide
Acute Toxtcity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr *Lm LC50 mg/1
mg/1
ORGANIC ACIDS
88 bluegill 4000 (24 hr)
435 mosquito 1350
fish
258 rat 1100
435 mosquito 37
fish
174 bluegill 90 (48 hr)
largemouth 55 (48 hr)
bass
252 laboratory 300-1500
animals
174 bluegill 1750 (48 hr)
largemouth 1250 (48 hr)
bass
173 rat 1500
252 *" 3300-3370
174 channel cat >2000 (48 hr)
252 >2000
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
258 labora- 0.56 mg/kg Reduces thrombocyte cone.,
tory daily for increases bilirubin excre-
animals 6 mos tion, morphological changes
in internal organs
252 rat 0.3%/day Inhibited growth rate
for 4 mos
-------
TABlf III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
SULFATES
ALKYL SULFATE
R-0-SO--
3.9-DIETHYL-TRI-
DECVL-6 SULFATE
"SO
Source
surfactant
• V* ? i **
"^CH-(CH2)2-CH-(CH2
2-ETHYLHEXYL SULFATE
7-ETHYL-2-METHYL-
UNDECYL-4 SULFATE
surfactant
Acute Toxiclty
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg
LC50 ng/1
251 fathead
397 rat 1430
guinea pig 425
397 rat 4125
guinea pig 1520
ORGANIC ACIDS
5.1-5.9
397 rat
397 rat
397 rat 1250
guinea pig 650
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
Effect
65 rag/kg
daily for
30 days
No effects
175 mg/kg No effects
30 days
rabbit 100 mg/kg Noticeable effect
397 rat
25 mg/kg
30 days
None
-------
TABl£ III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
1AURIC DIETHANOLAMIDE
SULFONATE
H2CH3OH
Source
surfactant
LAURYL ALCOHOL
SULFATE EO
LAURYL GLYCERYL
SULFATE
LAURYL SULFATE
surfactant
surfactant
surfactant
397 rat
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg
96
397 rat
397 rat
397 rat
LC50 mg/1
ORGANIC ACIDS
2700
4150-9350
1170-7600
1820
1000-2730
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
Effect
397 rat
397
rat
5000 ppm
in diet
2 yrs
None
30 mg/kg None
160 days
10,000 ppm None
in food
2 yrs
60 mg/kg None
5 wks
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
IAURYL SULFATE
(Cont.)
SESONE
(CRAG HERBICIDE I)
ctO" OCH2CH2OS°3Na
SULFONICS
ALKYLARYL SULFONATE
9^*
AUKYl^SULFONATE
ii
R-S-OH
0
4-AMTNO-m-TOLUENE-
SULFONIC ACID
NH2
Source
pesticide
surfactant
surfactant
industrial waste
Acute Toxlcity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 Jjr TLm ^.^ ^
ORGANIC ACIDS
252 rat 640-1330
700-1400
81 rat 2700
3000
435 mosquito 375
fish
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Doae Effect
397 mouse 10,000 ppm None
in food
3 mos
dog 135 mg/kg/ None
day
guinea 2000 ppm None
pig H20 180
days
252 dog 360 mg/kg/ None
day in diet
for 1 yr.
397 rat 700 mg/kg/ Some deaths
day for
2 mos
guinea 2000 mg/1 None
pig in water -
180 days
252 human 100 mg/day No effect
4 mos.
397 rat 0.1 IH None
50/day for
45 days
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TCXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
ANTHRAQUINONE- a
SULFOljATE. Na
oco
BUTYLBIPHENYL1
SULFONATE
BUTYLPHENYLPHENOL
SULFONATE
BUTYL SULFONATE, Na
3 2 2 2 j
p-CHLOROBENZENE
SULFONATE, Na
2-CHLOROTOLUENE-4-
SULFONATE, Na
DECYLBENZENE
SULFONATE
(L y- 803"
C10H21 ~~
Source
surfactant
surfactant
surfactant
Acute Toxlcity
Ref Species LD50 rag/kg 96 hr ,TLm LC50 mg/1
mg/1
ORGANIC ACIDS
88 0. magna 50
397 mouse 3400
397 mouse 2200-3800
88 D. magna 2700
88 D. magna 2150
88 bluegill <1374 (24 hr)
397 mouse 2000
77 albino rat 2320
Chronic Toxiclty
Ref Species Dose Effect
397 guinea 2000 mg/1 None
pig in water
for 180
days
292 rat & 250 mg/kg No effect
rabbit daily
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
2.5-DICHLOROBENZENE
SULFONATE, Na , .
2j - Na+
O"cl
DIOCTYL SUCCINATE
SULFONATE
0-C-0-C8H16S03
1 2
0-C-0-C8H16S03
DODECYLBENZENE
SULFONATE
jSO.H
C12H25
DODECYL DIPHENYL
ETHER SULFONATE
R _ o
Source
surfactant
surfactant
surfactant
i
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 ^r/TLm LC50 mg/1
ORGANIC ACIDS
88 D. magna 938
397 rat 1900
mouse 4800
81 rat 2300
77, rat 700
397
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
397 rat 200-900 None :
mg/kg/day
6 mos
mouse 4 mg/day None
7 mos
rabbit 500 mg/kg/ Some deaths
day 24 wk.
rabbit 250 mg/kg/ None
day 5 mos
dog 250 mg/kg/ None
day 24 wk.
monkey 125 mg/kg/ None
day 24 wk.
guinea 2000 mg/1 None
pig In H20
180 days
241 trout 5 mg/1 Spermotocytes lost their
mobility; fertilized eggs
killed
carp sublethal Growth rates affected
fry amounts
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
ETHYLPHENYLPHENOL
SULFONATE
0tt\==/\=/~ CH2™3
ISOPROPYL NAPHTHALENE
SULFONATE
ra-NITROBENEZ^NE
SULFONATE. Na
^!°3~
4-NITROCHLOROBENZENE
2-SULFONATE, Na
^~^ Cl
4-NITROTOLUENE-2-
SULFONATE, Na
HjC-^ \-N02 Na+
so3- ~
Source
surfactant
surfactant
11
it
11
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 rag/kg 96 J^™* LC50 mg/1
ORGANIC ACIDS
77, rat 2000
397
397 rat 1900
88 D. nutgna 5067
88 bluegill 948-1474
88 bluegill <1440 (24 hr)
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Doae Effect
|
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
OLEOYUffiTHYL TAURIDE
?C!H3
C17H33C-N-CHCH2CH2S03B
AMYL ACETATE
CH3C02C5HU
ARAMITE
Source
surfactant
pesticide
C1CH -0-S-0-CH3-CH -0-/~\C CH
Z^ 2 \ — / l -3'3
BINAPACRYL
9 H
0-C-C-C(CH3)2
i ir''\ ^
^p CH2C^I3
N02
BUTYT, ACETATE
0
H
pesticide
industrial manufacture
of plastics, lacquer,
artificial leather,
photographic films
Acute Toxiclty
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 >>r Tim LC50 ^^
ORGANIC ACIDS
397 rat 4000
mouse 6300-6600
ESTERS
435 mosquito 65
fish
252 rat 6300
3900
mouse 2300
449 bluegill 480
rainbow 730
trout
124 rat 63cf
58?
rat 8lOa )
iinn \ (dermal)
/tuy )
173 58-225
252 rat 4130
46 13-100
rabbit 3200
mouse 7700
252 7060
46 guinea 4700
pig
Chronic Toxiclty
Ref Species Dose Effect
397 rat 20,000 ppm None
in food
4 mos
guinea 2000 ppm None
pig in water
252 rat & 500 mg/kg None
dog in diet of
rat 2 yr
-------
TABLE II! (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
BUTYL MESITYL OXIDE
(INDALONE)
0=(~f^3
CHLOBOBENZILATE
OH
2,4 DEF
E:I-^V-OCH ,CH,O- p
\~/ Z 2 J3
DIBUTYL PHTHAIATE
0 0
•L^~vJ
C4H90~&~^_/<:OC4H9
DIETHYL MALEATE
CH3CH2OOC /COOCH2CH3
H H
Source
pesticide
pesticide
pesticide
effluent from plants
manufacturing kar-
bophos
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 rag/kg 96 hr ,TLm LC50 mg/1
mg/1
ESTERS
340 rat 7400
124 rat 1040*
12209
>5000 (dermal)
\
451 rat 7.5
173 850
340 rat 1200-20,000
346 rat 1350
mouse 2590
guinea pig 1450
Chronic Xoxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
451 rflt & Inhibition of brain choline-
monkey sterase activity
346 rabbit 100 mg/kg Increase in gamma-globulin; de-
day, 6 mos crease ir. albumin; neutro-
philic leukocytosis; increase
in vitamin C in blood; bron-
chial pneumonia; slight fatty
liver infiltration
application Irritation
to skin and
mucous mem-
brane
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
DIMETHRIN
CH CH3 CH
'\ T A ? Jt
C-C-t ^-C-0-CH2
DIMETHYL GARB ATE
^7\XOOCH3
DIMETHYL PHTHALATE
kJ'jjOCHj
D IMETHYLTEREPHTHALATE
DINOBUTON
(DESSIN) H p
Source
pesticide
CH
y
pesticide
pesticide
-CH3
Acute Toxlclty
Ref Species LD50 rag/kg 95 hr ™* LC50 mg/1
ESTERS
124, rat >15,000
173
340 rat 1150
340 rat 8200
325 white rat 2000 (did not lead to death)
mg/kg
124 rat 59cf
719
1500-2000rf (dermal)
>2000 (dermal)
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
DR10NE
S102 +
pyrethrins +
plperonyl butoxide
ETHYL ACETATE
-0-H-CH
METHYL BENZOATE
o
p y-c-ocH3
METHYL HEXAFLUORO-
2-BROMOBUTYRATE
C?3 / r '3
METHYL HEXAFLUORO-
ISOBUTYRATE
3 ^CHCOOCH3
METHYL PERFLUORO-
METHACRYIATE
^•CCOOCH.,
Source
pesticide
refrigerants, pro-
pellants, fire ex-
tinguishers, solvents
refrigerants, pro-
pellants, fire ex-
tinguishers, solvents
refrigerants, pro-
pel lants, fire ex-
tinguishers, solvents
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr ,TLm LC50 mg/1
mg/1 ^
ESTERS
340 mammal 0
221 rat >5000
294 5620
221 white mouse >5000
27 rat 3540
mouse 3000
106 rat 980
106 rat 300
106 rat 220
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
221 labora- 1000 mg/kg None
tory in food for
animals one month
27 labora- 500 mg/kg Various physiological changes
tory 1-1/2 mos
animals
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHROWC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Source
Acute Toxlclty
Ref Species
LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLn LC5Q
Chronic Toxlclty
Ref Species Dose
Effect
METHYL TETRAFLUORO-
PROPIONATE
CF3-CHF-CO-0-CH3
MGK REPELLENT 326
0
OMITE
OSOCH2C«CH
OVEX
(OVOTRAN)
refrigerants, pro-
pellents, fire ex-
tinguishers, solvents
pesticide
H.CH.
106 rat
340 rat
124 rat
PROPYLISOME
COCHjClLCH
' i '
3
;2CH2Cii3
pesticide
synergist
252 rat
449 bluegill
rainbow
trout
340 rat
ESTERS
~10,000
5230-7230
1480
2000
5000-15,000
870
860
252 rat
1000 mg/kg
in diet
10,000
mg/kg
in diet
Minimal liver damage
Adverse growth and pronounced
liver and kidney damage
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
PYRETHRINS
Source
pesticide
3^C £>
CH /\ ° i — T
R>cAX-.-n
c?3
SESAME OIL
mixture of tri-
glycerides
STEAROYL EO
C18H3?c!-(CH2CH20)nH
TABUTREX
CH L(CH
CH2C-0-(CH2)3CH3
0
VINYL ACETATE
H-OCH-0-CCH,
i1
I
synergist
surfactant
pesticide
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 rag/kg 96 hr TLm LC50 A
ng/1
ESTERS
340 rat 200-2600
252 200
449 bluegill 78
rainbow 56 •
trout
252 man fatal dose
for 70 kg
man is 50 g
340 rat >2000-2270
397 rat 53,000-64,000
hamster 20,000-27,000
rabbit 12,000 +
340 rat 8000
133 rat 2120
77 2920
133 mouse 1613
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
-------
TABlf III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
WARFARIN
QC^C<^
OH 0^XCH
AMIDES
ACET AMIDE
CHjCONHj
BAYLUSCIDE
(BAYER 73)
.OH Cl
Source
pesticide
refinery waste
pesticide
/~~\-$ W^~~\-NO
\ — / " \— /' 2
cr
CAPROIACTAM
0
,„_!!
j Y
~N
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Source
Acute Toxlclty
Ref Species
LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TL
LC5Q
Chronic Toxiclty
Ref Species Dose
Effect
AMINE DERIVATIVES
CAFTAN
(ORTHOCIDE)
pesticide
a
\ -
Tl-S-C-Cl
/ Cl
252 rat
173
252 rabbit
15,000
9000
8400
3160
DICYANODIAMIDE
NH-CNHCN
DIETHYLTOLUAMIDE
(DEBT)
121 laboratory 50 mg/kg
animals (not toxic)
D IMETHYLFORMAMIDE
CH3
HEMPA
pesticide
effluent from acrynll
manufacturing plants
pesticide
340 rat
1950
124 rat
2650o-
3360?
3500-4500 (dermal)
CH
CH
3
CH
CH/
457 rabbit >250 mg/kg Reduced respiration rate
456 rat 1 g/kg Affected central nervous system
-------
TABl£ III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
METEPA
U T* W
/ V
METHACRYLAMIDE
?,
CH2"C-CNH2
METHYLOUffiTHACRYL-
AMIDE
*CK 264 p CH3
N\X^y/ 2
SULFANILAMIDE
NU_ -(' y~SO,NH,
SULFATHIA20LF.
(NORSULFAZOLE)
•F~\ x^N
H-N^ ^SOjHHjl |
I
Source
pesticide
aynergist
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLm LC5() ^
1Dg/l
AMINE DERIVATIVES
124 rat 136tf
213?
183 (dermal)
392 rat 1223
mouse 475
rabbit 1365
392 rat 312
mouse 400
rabbit 328
340 rat 2800
99 mouse 6000
'
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
392 labora- 0.05-1.0 Decreased cholinesterase actl-
tory mg/kg vity in blood; increased con-
animals daily centratlon of ascorbic acid
in kidneys; decreased con-
ditioned reflexes
393 labora- 0.05-1.0 Same as above
tory mg/kg
animals daily
99 rabbit 200 mg/kg Decrease in hemoglobin and total
daily for protein; increase in aldolase
9 mos and aniline transamlnase
94 rabbit 0.5 mg/kg Critical concentration
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
TEPA
0
A
CARBAMATES
BAYGON
OC-NH-CH.
CARBARYL
(SEVIN)
0-C-N-CH3
Source
pesticide
pesticide
pesticide
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLm LC5Q ^
mg/1
AMINE DERIVATIVES
124 rat 37
87 (dermal)
124 rat >2400 (dermal)
83-86
340 95-104
173 rat 400
123 white rat 505
309 500
124 850cT
500?
>4000 (dermal)
340 500-700
252 500-2190
cat 125-250
dog 250-795
rabbit 710
174 fathead 12.0
252 6.7-41.0
174 biuegilt 5.5
252 5.6-11.0
44 y 3400
| rainbow 3500
; trout
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
123 white No cumulative properties
rat
J ;' f
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
CHLORPROPHAM
(CHLORO IPC)
0 CH
^Jv-ljI-C-0-CH.
DIMETILAN
CH3 XN~C~>Sr 0-C-Sxc
IPC
(PROPHAM)
Q-gloI3
ISOLAN
0
li
MATACIL
X*^ tt
Source
pesticide
pesticide
U3
H3
pesticide
pesticide
pesticide
ca3
Acute loxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLn LC50 mg/1
ng/1
AMIKE DERIVATIVES
252 rat 1500
173 3800-8000
174 bluegill 12 (48 hr)
largemouth 10 (48 hr)
bass
252 catfish 86.5
rat 25-64
25-50
252 rat 1000
173 1000-9000
124, rat 23cf
252 139
5 6cf }
f'\ (dermal)
173 12
124 rat AOd1
389
32^9 ) (dermal)
173 30
Chronic loxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Source
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg
96
LC50 mg/1
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
Effect
MESUROL
(METMERCAPTURAN)
CH..-S-A y-0-C-N-CH,
Vrr/
METHOMYL
pesticide
pesticide
C-N-0-C-N-CH
H 'J
MOBAM
0-{!-N-CH,
pesticide
SD-8530
CH,,
pesticide
CH,-Y T-O-C-N-CH.
)r=-/ H J
CH3
TEMIK
pesticide
I Cli. -S-C-C=N-0-C-N-CU-
J i,H C !
124 rat
149
carp
124 rat
173
124 rat
124 rat
AMINE DERIVATIVES
609
>2000 (dermal)
4.2 mg/fish
0.036 mg/fish (tropical)
2.0 mg/fish (contact)
ISOrf
1159
>2000 (dermal)
>234
232V
205cf
>2000 (dermal)
O.So-
0.69
2.59 )
(dermal)
-------
TABLf III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Source
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg
96
LC50 mg/1
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
Effect
TRANID
iN-0-C-N-CH.
pesticide
ZECTRAN
pesticide
f M—0-C-N-CH3
THIOCARBAMATES
CARBATHION
CH3-N-|-S-Na
pesticide
124 rat
AMINE DERIVATIVES
19V
>2000 (dermal)
124 rat
25?
1500-2500 (dermal)
276, white rat 700
278 white mouse 266
276
Atfects cholesterol level in
serum & liver; anemia; slight
cumulative effects
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Source
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species
LD50 rag/kg 96 hr TL
tug/I
LC50 mg/1
Chronic Toxicity
Ref
Species Dose
Effect
DAZOMET
(CRAG MYLONE)
CH3-1
DIETHYL DITHIO-
CARBAMATE, Na
(C2H5)2-N-C-S-Na
DIMETHYLDITHIO-
CARBAMATE, NH,
(CH3)2-N-C-S-NHA
FERBAM
(FERMATE)
((CRj)2NCS2)3Fe
METHAM
(VAPAM)
H
CH,N-C-S-Na-2H-0
3 i 2
pesticide
pesticide
pesticide
AMINE DERIVATIVES
173 rat
49
320-1000
325
130 chick embryo 0.0058
276, white rat
278
1458
white mouse 592
guinea pig 1680
438 fish
252 rat
4000
17,000
channe1
catfish
130 chick embryo 0.0022
252 rat 800
173 82
252 mouse 285
1.0-4.0
(toxic level
for fish)
2.2
276
Affects cholesterol level in
serum & liver; anemia; slight
cumulative effect
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Source
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr Tim LC50 fl
rag/1
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
Effect
NABAM
CH2-p-fi-S~Na+
I J - +
CH2-N-C-S Na
THIRAM
CH3X.. 8 . I ^CT1
pesticide
pesticide
TRIARAM
bis (Dimethyl thio-
carbamoyl) ethylene
bis (dithiocarba-
mate)
pesticide
™
>,>§
CH.-N-C-S
CH,-N-C-S"
.E S
Zn"
ZIRAM
ra..
3\M
pest ic ide
pesticide
AMINE DERIVATIVES
252 rat 395
130 chick embryo 0.140
124 rat
173
252
252 rabbit
640rf
620?
>2000 (dermal)
375-1000
350
865
350
130 chick embryo 350
0.0019
252 channel cat
130 chick embryo 0.0048
0.079
124 rat
173
>5000
>2500 (dermal)
1000-8000
130 chick embryo 0.0021
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
UREAS
DCU
tCRAG HERBICIDE DCU)
OH H
(C13C-CH-N)2-C-0
DIURON
(KARMEX)
Cl
Cl— 56
252 human lethal dose 326 g/90 kg
rat 3500
173 3600-3700
74 coho salmon 110 (48 hr)
52 shiner 40.1
red-sided 41.5
shiner
50 rat < 12,000 (did not
cause death)
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
t
50 rat 50 mg/kg Did not alter urea balance or
organism
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
ABATE
CH,0. S , ,
3>o-fA_s_>
CH30 \=/ >
ACETOPHOS
F 1
(C2H50>2 SCH2 2H5
AZODRIN
CH30 0 H 0 H
J >f-o-c=d-d-»^
m3° CH CH
Source
pesticide
ry0_rVOCH3
^/ OCH-
pesticide
I
i
Acute Toxlcity
Ref Species U550 mg/kg 96 hr ,""* LC50 mg/1
Bg/1 ^
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
340 rat 1000-3000
173 1000-4000
124 SfiOOrf
13,000?
>4000 (dermal)
299 rat & mouse 4000
202 rat 45
mouse 2 10
guinea pig 27.8
rabbit 45
124 rat 17tf
20$
S i (d— «
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dote Effect
299 rat 200 ppm 707. Inhibition of blood cho-
for 99 days linesterase
in diet
rabbit 10 mg/kg Minor liver damage; liver
daily necrosis
100 mg/kg
daily
ewe 5 mg/kg Inhibition of cholinesterase
while activity
nura ing
offspring
human 256 mg/day No toxic symptoms in 28
for 5 days volunteers
or 64 mg/
day for
4 wks
!
-------
TABLE
(CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
BIDRIN
Source
pesticide
m r» PU ^^m
LH«U CH_ CH.,
BROMOPHOS
Cl
^^r~0"\ ^Br
CH.O *— \
Cl
CARBOPHENOTHION
(TRITHION)
2 5
CHLORFENVINFOS
CH3CH,,0 0
CH3CH2°X'cyk
Cl
pesticide
pesticide
Cl
I
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLm LC50 mg/1
mg/1
PHOS.PHATE ESTERS
173 rat 22-45
309 25
124 21cf
169
42? ^ (dermal)
124 rat 1600rf
17309
>5000 (dermal)
173 3570-5180
124 rat 30cf
109
27j j (dermal)
49 32
173 7-30
124 rat 15cf
139
173 3 Icf )
loo v (dermal)
173 10-155
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
i
299 rat 10-15 Death
mg/kg
dog 5000 Tolerates this dose probably
mg/k8 due to its more efficient
detoxication, less readily
available blood levels of
pesticide, slower rate of
brain uptake and less sen-
sitive brain central nervous
system
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
CHLORTHION
CH30 \=/~
Source
pesticide
CIODRIN pesticide
CH3 CH3 OCH
tf y— CHOCOCH»C-0-P-OCH3
~ 0
COUMAPHOS I pesticide
( CO- RAD 1
CH3
w>L.O(X
Acute Toxicity
Ref Specie..; LD50 tug/kg 96 *>r TLm LCM ^
ng/1
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
124, rat 880cC
451 9809
1500-4500cf ) ,.„ ,n
41009 )
252 rat 550-1510
173 625-1500
252 bobwhite 700
quail
174 fathead 3.2
442 bluegill 0.70
252 human 60 g/70 kg
is fatal
124 rat HOtf
749
375o" )
ini^ \ (dermal)
^029 /
173 125
124 rat 41rf
169
860o" (dermal)
349 90-110
451 100
252 56-230
173 13-180
174 bluegill 0.18
252 fathead 18
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
252 dog 15 mg in Questionable red cell
diet inhibition
441 goldfish 0.1 rag /I Effect on cholinesterase
activity - may take up to
40 days to regain normal
activity
451 rat Inhibition of brain choline-
sterase activity
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
CRESYL DITHIO-
PHOSPHATE
0
CH3^ M-O-P-OH
OH
DASANIT
(BAYER 25141)
Source
f lotoreagent
pesticide
CH3CH20X ,S --^ 0
jS "~0— ( *V- S— CHg
CH3CH20 \=y
DEMETON
(SYSTOX,
MERCAPTOPHOS)
pesticide
CH3CH20 %
P> P-0-CH2-CH2-S-CH?-CH3
CH3CH20
-}-
CH3CH20 ||
"^>P-S-CH2-CH2-S-CH2-CH,
CH3C11?0
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr ,TLm LC50 mg/1
mg/1
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
124 rat 4.1rf
1.8?
19o- ) ,. ,.
4.10 ) (dermal)
252 human 0.1 g/ 70 kg x
man is fatal
104 rat 7.5
124 6.2o"
2.5?
g^n ) (dermal)
451 rat 30
49 9.2
252 2.5-40
173 3-5
449 bluegill 0.195
101 fathead 3.6
252, 3.6-4.2
449
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
233 rat 2.5 mg/kg Histopathological changes in
daily liver, kidney, heart & lung
441 goldfish 0.1 mg/1 After 24 hr ChE decreased
by 75%
252 dog 2 mg/kg Inhibition of plasma choline-
in diet sterase
5 mg/kg Inhibition of erythrocyte
in diet enzyme
252 cow 0.1 mg/kg Decrease in milk production;
in capsules increase in percent fat
for 3 days
5 mg/kg in Adverse effects on weight gain;
hay for 49 inhibition of red blood cell
days activity
252 sheep 1 mg/kg No toxic effects
single dose
451 human 0.1 g/70 kg Fatal; inhibition of serum and
erythrocyte activity
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
N>
S
Agent
DIAZINON
Source
pesticide
CH-
/H<"3
CH3CH2°\I oM CT3
CH.CH.O/ \J
CH
3
DICAPTHON
Cl
CH-0^ S V- -v
3 ^-O^/VNO.
CH,0 V^/
j
pesticide
t
Acute Toxic! ty
Ref Specie* LD50 ng/kg 96 hr JLm LC5Q ^
mg/1 °
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
252 human 25.0 g/70 kg
is fatal
124 rat 108-250rf
76-285?
200-9009 ) ,. ..
455? ) {demal)
340 150-220
451 76-108
49 354
252 100-150
125
235
252 rat 435rf
408
293
173 300-600
252 mouse 82
124 rat 400d-
3305
1250? ) ««"»»
340 284-650
252 460
173 330-475
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
441 goldfish 0.1 mg/1 407. decrease in cholinesterase
activity after 24 hr
252 dog 6,5 mg/kg Inhibited cholinesterase
daily activity
75.0 mg/kg Depression of red cell cho-
in diet linesterase
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
DICHLORVOS
(DDVP)
CHjO^O H ^Cl
CHjO ^-Cl
DIETHYL DITHIOPHOS-
PHORIC ACID
(CH3CH20)2-P-SH
S
DIISOPROPYL DITHIO-
PHOSPHATE, K
s
(CCH3)2CHO)2-P-S" K+
DTMETHOATE
(rvnoN, ROGOR)
^.P-S-CH2-0-N-CH3
Source
pesticide
intermediate in pro-
duction of M-74
(pesticide)
used in ore flotation
pesticide
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr,TLm LC50 n
rog/1
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
124, rat SOo1
451 56?
124 107tf ) , . .,
7S^ j (dermal)
340 56-80
25-30
8 guinea pig 80
rabbit 15.0
119 mouse 1000-1250
-.
118 mouse 2600
rat 2960
299 human 30
124 rat 28^ 1959
309 1959
6kf 1959 )
559 1959 ) <.dermal>
215o- 1962
2459 1962
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
451 Inhibition of erythrocyte cho-
linesterase activity
118 rabbit 5 mg/kg No significant effects
daily for
5 mos
299 rabbit 5 mg/kg Decrease in cholinesterase acti-
daily for vity; hyperglycemia
6 mos
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
DIMETHOATE (Cont'd)
-. - -
DIMETHYL-DITHIO-
PHOSPHORIC ACID
CH3°\|
^P-SH
DIOXATHION
(HERCULES 528,
DELNAV)
S
x'OS. "
S
DISULFOTON
(DISYSTON)
Cn - CH » 0
340 50
173 20-40
173 rat 4
124 6.8cf
2.39
15. Ocf ) ,. ,.
6.09 ) (derraal)
252 2.6-12.5
guinea pig 10.8
42 bluegill 0.064
52 0.07
fathead 2.6-3.7
2.9-4.1
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
441 goldfish 0.1 mg/1 40% decrease in cholinesterase
activity in 24 hr
388 rat 1 mg/kg Tolerance of cholinesterase
daily inhibition after prolonged
exposure
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
DURSBAN
Source
pesticide
C\f^fCi
CH3CH2°\§ xlxjX
CH3CH20/ "°
EPN
\y
^=\S fi~~\
CH3ca/ \=/~ N°2
ETHION
pesticide
pesticide
3 20^~s~cH2-s^\rr2Un3
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 rag/kg 96 l»r Tin LC50 ^
mg/1
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
124 rat 155cT
829
202tf (dermal)
340 97-276
173 135-163
252 human 0.3 g/70 kg
is fatal
251 rat 36rf
7.79
"** | (dermal)
340 7.65
49 23
252 7-50
173 8-17
101 fathead 0.2
442 bluegill 0.10
124 rat 65cf
279
\^] (dermal)
175 13-34
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
379 rat Dursban itself is not a cho-
linesterase inhibitor; oxygen
analog is a potent inhibitor
441 goldfish 0.1 mg/1 507. decrease in cholinesterase
activity after 24 hr
252 rat 225 and Retarded growth
450 rag/kg
in diet
2 yrs
dog 2 mg/kg Increased weight of kidney
dally for
1 yr
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
FENTHION
(ENIEX, BAYTEX,
TIGUVON)
CH.Ov S — _
Source
pesticide
\p-0 // \v_ S-CH ,
CH30 ^
FOLEX
(MERPHOS)
CVCH^S^^^
GARDONA H_c_cl
C^3\l^lf\
GUIHION
(AZ1NPHOSMETHYL,
BAYER 17147, DBD)
j
pesticide
3CH3
pesticide
pesticide
-^XX^^
f jT x? ,°
^^V.^8 "-CH.-S-P- 0-CH,
i/, 2 1-3
0 OCHj
Acute Toxlcity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr Tim LC50 fi
ng/1 ^
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
124 rat 215d-
2459
330 (dermal)
340 178-310
451 215-245
173 200
124 rat 1475cf
9109
590cf )
& i en \ (dermal)
Duy /
12* rat 11259
>4000 (dermal)
252 human 0.2 g/70 kg
Is fatal
124 rat 13
11
220 (dermal)
49 24
252 11-80
173 7-13
252 mouse 20
174 bluegill 0.0052
252 0.005
Chronic Toxlclty
Ref Speclea Dose Effect
rat Decrease In brain cholinesterase
activity
441 goldfish 0.01 mg/1 50% decrease In chollnesterase
activity
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
HERCULES 9699
o
O-fllJHCH.
60-CH C»CH
HRS-1422
"A 0
\ Vo-N-C-NCH.
y*^/ | tj J
CH3
IMIDAN
(PROLATE)
xi S
[ JT • N-CH2-S-P ^*
0
Source
pesticide
pesticide
OCH3
Acute Toxlcity
Ref Species LD50 rag/kg 96 hr TLa LC50 mg/1
ng/1
PHOSPHATE ESTEBS
124 rat 108cf
609
>2400 (dermal)
L24 rat 280
200
>2400 (dermal)
24 rat 113cf
1609
>2000cf ) ,. ,.
>15509 )
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
MAIAOXON:
SUCCINATE MALAOXON
MALONATE MALAOXON
tt-GLUTARIC MALAOXON
P-CLUTARIC MALAOXON
d-MALAOXON
1-MALAOXON
dl-MALAOXON
MALATHION
(KARBOFOS)
CH.O •>. § H ft
Source
pesticide metabolite
pesticide
* >P-S-C-C-0-CH,CH-
CH.O-^ | 2 3
* H2C-jj-0-CH2CH3
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 £r "* LC50 mg/1
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
62 mouse 243
66*
215
80*
47.2
10.7*
449.1
379.7*
150 163
40*
249
100*
243
66*
* Tri-o-tolyl phosphate given 24 hrs before
testing mice to prevent degregation of
the compound by carboxylesterases
252 human 60 g/70 kg
is fatal
173 rat 1400-1900
304 1500
124 13759
lOOOrf
>4444 (dermal)
340 900-5800
451 940-1200
49 2590
252 1000-2830
1845
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
299 guinea Inhibition of ma lath ion -
pig, esterase activity
mouse,
& rat
441 goldfish 0.1 mg/1 657. inhibition of cholinesterase
activity in 24 hrs
112 rat 1 mg/kg No observable change in cho-
daily for linesterase activity of serum
6 mos or in sugar response curves
451 rat Inhibition of cholinesterase
activity in brain
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
MALATHION (Cont.)
SUCCINATE MALATHION
MALONATE MALATHION
a-GLUTARIC
MALATHION
13-GLUTARIC
MALATHION
d -MA LATH ION
1-MAIATHION
dl-MALATHION
MALATHION
Source
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 rag/kg 96 hr TLm LC50 n
mg/1
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
62 mouse 1942
159*
3090
159*
514
30.8*
3760
183*
150 1014
132*
2357
189*
1942
159*
252 3321
174 channel cat 13.05
101 fathead 12.5
252 salmon 0.12
f ingerling
449 rainbow 0.1
trout
252 red-sided 8.9-9.6
shiner
449 bluegill 0.12
442 0.090
* Tri-o-tolyl phosphate given 24 hrs before
treating with compound to prevent degreda-
tion of the compound by carboxylesterases
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
i
-------
.TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
MENAZON
Source
pesticide
j 2.
S H5*^!}
3 ^^P-S-CH —is. JL
CH O-^ 2 1™2
METHYLACETOPHOS
(CH30)2P-S-CH2COC2H5
O
METHYLDEMETON
(METHYL SYSTOX,
THIOMETON)
pesticide
CH3°\J
'pP-O-CH.-CH.-S-CH.-CH,
CHJK
3 +
Q
't *\ it
">>-S-CH,-CH,-S-CH,-CH,
CH 0^ 22 23
Acute Toxicity
Ref Specie* LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLm LC50 ;i
mg/ 1
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
124 rat 1020rf
14509
>2000 (dermal)
173 1200-1600
202 rat 38
mouse 322
guinea pig 214
rabbit 423
173 rat 50-75
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
124 rat 0.075 No observable changes in
mg/kg growth; conditioned reflexes,
daily cholinesterase activities,
for 10 phosphate metabolism, SH
mos concentration
47 rat 0.008 Affected conditioned reflexes
mg/kg
daily
0.08, 0.8, Decrease in hemoglobin; de-
& 8.0 mg/1 crease in erythrocyte count;
in drinking increase in leukocyte count;
water & by traces of protein in urine;
stomach no changes in internal organs
tube for at
least 6 mos
6 rabbit 1 mg/kg Increase in erythrocyte count;
daily for increase in leukocyte count;
6 mos decrease in cholinesterase
activity
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
METHYLPARATHION
(METAPHOS)
CH30/ ° \=/ N°2
METHYL TRITHION
CH1°\S tf~\
CH 3Q>-S-CH2-S -
MEVINPHOS
(PHOSDRIN)
o o
CH.O\1 H ||
'•» >P-0-C-C-C-OCH.
CH,O/ in '3
3 ""3
Source
pesticide
pesticide
-Cl
pesticide
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLm LC50 mg/1
ng/1
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
252 human 0.15 g/70 kg
is fatal
124 rat 14o-
249
67 (dermal)
252 9-25
173 12-16
101 fathead 8.3
252 7.5-8.3
442 bluegill 1.9
124 rat 98rf
1209
1909 ) (dermal)
173 98-200
369 rat 6.1cf
124 3.79
4.7o' ) ,. ,.
, on * (.dermal)
4.29)
451 4-6
49 6.5
252 6-13.1
173 3-5
252 bobwhite 90
quail
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
252 dog 50 mg/kg Decrease in plasma and erythro-
in diet cyte cholinesterase activity
20 mg/kg Decrease in erythrocyte and
in diet possible decrease in plasma
cholinesterase activity
231 rat & 1 mg/kg Change in conditioned reflexes;
rabbit daily for vacuolization of some brain
6 mos cells
451 human Inhibition of cholinesterase
activity of erythrocytes
169 rat Some cumulative effects
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
NALED
(DIBROM)
CH30
CHjO
- C-C1
H Cl
OXYDEMETONMETHYL
CH,0\ II II
3 P-S-CH-CH-S-C
PARAOXON
N00
Source
pesticide
pesticide
pesticide
Acute Toxicity
Ref Specie* LD50 tng/kg
,
mg/1
LC50 mg/1
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
124 rat
17.1
449 bluegill
rainbcw
trout
124 rat
173
451 rat
252
174 fathead
449
250o-
8009
430
47cf
52?
173o" )
158? )
57
3.0
3.5
0.220
0.070
(dermal)
0.33
0.25-0.33
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
Effect
451 rat
human
Inhibition of cholinesterase
activity in brain
Inhibition of cholinesterase
activity in erythrocytes
-------
TABLE III (CONTJ - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
PARATHION
(THIOPHOS)
IJ^-O"'
PHORATE
CH3CH20-^J
.xP~S-'CH_~S— L.t
CH3CH20 ^
Source
>2
pesticide
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLm LC50 M
mg/1
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
252 human 0.1 g/70 kg
is fatal
173 rat 3-6
124 13. Orf
3.69
21. Oo"
6.89
252 3-15
451 6.5
49 8.1
304 mammal 5-10
i49 bluegill 0.056
442 0.095 v
174 fathead 1.4-2.7
383 1>4
449 rainbow 2.0
trout
252 caddisfly 0.001
Acroneuria 0.0001
pacifica
Peteronarcys 0.0032
califorinica
252 rat 2.3o"
1.19
6.2cf ) , . .
2.59 ) 'derma1'
2-3
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
441 goldfish 0.1 mg/1 407. decrease in cholinesterase
activity after 24 hrs
239 rabbit 1.0 & 5.0 Fluctuation in cholinesterase
mg/kg daily activity; chronaxy changes in
for 6 mos flexor-extensor muscles; de-
crease in rate of weight gain
5.0 mg/kg Non-specific granular edema
daily for changes in parenchymatous
6 mos organs
human 72 deaths caused by pesticides;
44 were due to organophos-
phates and 33 of these due
to par a th ion
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
PHOSPHAMIDON
Source
pesticide
CH,0 0 ClO CH CH
3 VI 1 | /CH2CH3
^p-o-c - c-c-tr
RUELENE
IH3NH ^=^ CH3
SARIN
3 ^P-F
SCHRADAN
(OMPA)
/Nv 0 0 ,N\
CH ' "X
pesticide
nerve gas; pesticide
pesticide
«3
CH3
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr,TLm LC50 ma/1
ng/1
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
124 "t 24
%% I (dennal)
451 7.5-10
173 15
449 bluegill 0.056
rainbow 2.0
trout
124 rat 635cT
4600
340 950
173 460-1000
252 human 0.01 is fatal
124 rat 9.1&
42?
^ y (dermal)
304 20
173 5
174 fathead 121.0
252 121-135
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
252 rat 50 mg/kg Poisoning and diminished growth
in diet in males but not feaiales
2l rag/kg Sotne cholinesterase inhibition
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
SD-7438
S,S'-benzylidene bls-
(0, 0-dimethyl phos-
phorodithioate)
SUMITHION
(FENITROTHION)
CH3°\li j7~\
/ \ / 2
CH-0 >,u
J ^"-l
TEPP
Source
pesticide
pesticide
pesticide
CH CH 0 0 0 OCH.CH,
2 \« «/ 2 3
p-o-F
CH CH o' OCH.CH.
32 23
THIONAZIN
CH.CH.O S
3 2 v | /9""^v
/ \=N/
CH3CH20' "
TRIBUTYL PHOSPHATE
0
ji
( CTT3(C"2)3-0)3P
pesticide
Acute Toxicity
Ref Specie;; LD50 rag/kg 96 hr TLm LCJO fl
n>g/l
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
124 rat 320rf
2659
>5000 (dermal)
124 rat 740cf
5709
300-400 (dermal)
173 250-673
124 «t l.OSo*
2.49
340 °-5-2-0
551 2.0
173 0.5
174 fathead 1.7
252 1.0
174 channel cat 1.6
252 human 0.05 g/70 kg
is fatal
124 rat 6.4d-
3.59
_* * ufy
' j (dermal)
173 9-16
469 rat 1400
mouse 1200
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
252 rat Inhibition of cholinesterase
activity in brain
human 25 ntg Causes severe nervous symptoms
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
TRICHLORFON
(DIPTEREX, DYLOX)
CH.O 0 OHC1
3 \« 1 |
Np_C_C-Cl
CH.O/ H Cl
J
TRICHLORONATE
(BAYER 37289)
3 2 X. ^ ^J — ?i
p-o-/ yci
/ \=<
CH3CH^ ^1
ACETALDEHYDK
CH-CHO
Source
pesticide
pesticide
manufacture of plas-
tics, synthetic
rubber, dyes & other
chemical products
Acute Toxicity
Ref Specie:; LD50 mg/kg 96 hr ^ LC50 mg/1
ng/1
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
252 human 25 g is fatal
to 70 kg man
124 rat 630
560
>2000 (dermal)
340 500
252 400-1100
173 650
449 bluegill 5.6
442 3.8
174 fathead 180
449 rainbow 2S.O
trout
124 rat 55cf
34$
isorf ) (de
64? )
ALDEHYDES AND KETONES
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
15 warm blood- 0.5 mg/kg Ineffective dose during
ed animals sanitary-toxicological tests
-------
TABLE III •
CYCLOHEXANONE OXIME
( VNOH
DIPHACINONE
0 ^
" 9 k>
f IT yCH-C-CH
II if^
0 [1
wastes from chemical
industries, gas
plants, coal tar pro-
cesses, or paint
manufacturing
pesticide
effluent from pro-
duction of caprolac-
tam, resins, and from
distillation of cyclo-
hexanone raw materials
intermediary compound
in production of
caprolactam
pesticide
)
3
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr *Lm LC50 mg/1
mg/1
ALDEHYDES AND KETONES
252 rat 9750
174 sunfish 14,250 (toxic in
15,050 1 hr)
mg/1
435 mosquito 13,000
fish
88 D. magna 10 (48 hr)
252 rat 46
173 42-46
252 rabbit 7.1
174 chinook 0.08 (24 hr)
salmon
422 rabbit 1000-1600
(MLD)
124 rat 1.9
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
292 warmblooded Change in conditioned reflexes;
animals change in blood serum com-
position
351 rabbit 0.5 and Decrease in blood catalase
5.0 mg/kg/ activity
day for
6 mos
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
FORMALDEHYDE
HCHO
FURFURAL
W2
^CHO
METHYL ETHYLKETONE
CHjCOCjHj
MGK REPELLENT 11
-XX s^
I )
^So-T^
H. 0-CR
PIVAL
(PINDONE)
^ 'I 0 CH,
f^^^^. n i 3
L JL / C~C~CH3
II CH
0 J
Source
occurs in tannery
wastes, penicillin
wastes, and effluent
from manufacture of
plastics and resins
used in manufacture
of plastics, as a
solvent in petro-
leum refining, in the
manufacture of var-
nishes and as a
pesticide
solvent for resins,
nitro, and acetyl-
cellulose
pesticide (repellent)
pesticide
Acute Toxicity
Ref Specie:-, LD50 rag/kg 96 hr ,TLn LC50 mg/1
mg/1
ALDEHYDES AND K.ETONES
252 rat 800
channel cat 25
88 D. magna >100 <1000
(24 hr)
220 mouse 425
rat 126.7
252 dog 2300
200 guinea pig 541.7
435, mosquito 24
449 fish
252 bluegill 24
252 rat 3980
bluegill 5640
(48 M)
435 mosquito 5600
fish
340 rat 2500
124 rat 280
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
287 No significant effects on the
animals studies
220 rat 25 mg/kg/ No significant effect
day for
4 mos
442 warmblooded No significant effects
animals
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
ANISOLE
DIBROMOHEPTAFLUORO-
ISOBUTYL METHYL ETHER
CF
BrCBrFOCH_
DIETHYL ETHER
CH3CH2-0-CH2CH
DIMETHYLDIOXANE
C6H12°2
Source
in waste waters from
synthesis of analogs
and derivatives of
DDT; trace amounts in
BKME waste
refrigerant, propel-
lent, fire extin-
guisher, solvent
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species
LD50 mg/kg 96 hr^TLm
ETHERS
283
106 rat
1150
1150
Chronic Toxicity
Ref
Species
Dose
Effect
283
rabbit
0.025 rag/kg Change in blood sugar curve
daily for
6 mos
warmblood- 0.2 mg/kg
ed animals daily
Ineffective dose during
sanitary toxicological tests
.93,
.93
192
labora-
tory
animals
rabbit
0.005 mg/kg Does not affect functional
daily condition
0.25 mg/kg
daily for
6 mos
Decrease in hemoglobin concen-
tration; decrease in blood
sugar; change in glycogenic
liver function
0.0025 Change in rate of 03 consump-
mg/kg tion; change in conditioned
daily for reflexes
6 mos
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
EPICHLOROHYD'RIN
<**"
CH2 CHCH2C1
FATTY ACYL SORBITAN
EO (20)
0
FURAN
XO-x
f 1
\i — y
HEPTAFLUOROISOBUTY-
1ENE METHYL ETHER
CF3
CF/C"CF"°"CH3
Source
manufacture ot epoxy
res ins
surfactant
CH2CH20)20H
organosynthetic
industry
refrigerant, propel-
lent, fire extin-
guisher
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLtn LC50 /x
ng/1
ETHERS
105 rat 141.1
mouse 194.6
guinea pig 280
rabbit 345
397 rat 20,000-60,000+
mouse 25,000+
hamster 18,000
106 rat 1070
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
105 rabbit 0.5 mg/kg Low concentration of reduced
daily for glutathione 15 days after
6 mos beginning of administration
and a higher concentration of
oxidized glutathione toward
the end; change in reticulo-
cyte number; decrease in
vitamin C in liver, kidneys,
and spleen
0.05 mg/kg Similar effects as above
daily for
6 mos
rat 0.005-5 Affected conditioned reflexes
mg/kg/day
0.005-5 Decreased synthesis of hippuric
mg/kg/day acid
343 rat 0.2-50 Liver damage from only the
mg/kg peripheral lobes at the lower
daily for dose to atrophic annular
3 mos cirrhosis at the higher dose
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
HEXAFLUOROPROPYL
METHYL ETHER
CF3CHF-CF20-CH3
IAURYL ALCHOHOL EO
Source
refrigerant, propel-
lent, fire extin-
guisher
surfacant
CH3(CH2)10CH20(CH2CH20)n H
NEOTRAN
"OrO-
NONYL PHENOL EO
OCTAFLUOROISOBUTYL
METHYL ETHER
CF-
OCTYLPHENOL EO
(1-40)
pesticide
surfacant
refrigerant, propel-
lent, fire extin-
guisher, solvent
CflH17-^ Vo(CH CH.O). ,nH
OX/ \ / £. £ 1— 40
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLm LC5Q mg/1
ETHERS
106 rat ~30,000
(IP)
397 mouse 1170-7600
rat 4150-9350
252 rat 5800
channel cat 21.8
397 rat 1600
06 mouse >1000
97 '«' 1800-28,000 +
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Doae Effect
252 rat 100 mg/kg No effect
in diet 50
days
3000 mg/kg Pronounced histo-pathology
in diet 50
days
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
PERFLUOR01SOBUTENYL
ETHYL ETHER
X
JE-CF2-0-CH2CH3
CF3
PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE
OV.""^- CH2CH2CH3
Source
iraste product from
synthesis of fluorine
containing plastics
pesticide synercist
r\r*n ru n/*ru \ ru
Q^f^ CH2OCH2CH2l«.n2w.2U^..2,r..3
POLYETHYLENE-
CYCLOALKYL PHENYL
ETHERS
(OP-7, OP-10)
Alkyl-f y-0(CH2CH2
detergents
D) H
ROTENONE pesticide
OCH3
VvV^i
1 1 S ^9
I I c>^ *
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr .TLm LC50 mg/1
mg/1
ETHERS
364, mouse 164
370
124 rat 7500c'
61509
>7950 (dermal)
340 11,500
252 human 0.2 g/kg is fatal
34Q rat 132-1500
252 132
449 bluegill 0.024
252 fathead 0.006-0.066
catfish 0.47
449 rainbow trout 0.032
Chronic Toxiclty
Ref Specie* Dose Effect
364 rabbit 6 mg/kg Change in blood composition;
daily for decrease in prothrombln time;
7 mos affects glycogenic function
of liver
rat 6 mg/kg Decrease in 0. consumption
dally for weight loss, histological,
7 mos histochemical and neuro-
histological changes
0.15 mg/kg Decrease in conditioned
for 7 mos reflexes
132 rat 150 mg/kg Increase in weight of kidney
OP-10 daily fatty dystrophic liver
for 4 r.-,os changes
mouse 47. (400 No changes
mg/1) CP-
7 daily for
55-62 days
252 rat 5 mg/kg Necrosis of the liver
in diet
daily
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Source
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 rag/kg 96 £r "a
LC50
Chronic Toxicity
Ref
Species Dose
Effect
ETHERS
SAPONIN
industrial effluent;
charging fire extin-
guishers; detergents
216
rat 1, 10, and Affected conditioned reflexes;
50 mg/kg change in nerve cells
dally for
3-4 mos
10 and 50 Histologlcal changes in liver
mg/kg dally and kidneys
for 4 mos
STEARYL ALCOHOL EO
STEROX
TETRAHYDROFURAN
detergent
397 rat
174 silver
salmon
2900
25,000 +
20 tug/1
(80% kill:
in*22 hrs)
319 rat 2300
mouse 3000
guinea pig 2300
320
319
In^ls°ded >5-m8/1 ln Path°l°8ical changes
mouse,
rat,
rabbit
drinking
water daily
20 mg/kg
dally for
5-6 mos
10 mg/kg
daily for
5-6 mos
Decrease in conditioned reflexe
increase in reticulocytes;
decrease in cholinesterase
activity; increase in liver
glycogen
Growth impairment
-------
TABLE 111 (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
BENZENE
NAPHTHALENE
PHENANTHRENE
t^y^r^
CJ[J
p-AMINOPHENOL
BENZOQUINONE
DIOXIME
HON=Q = NOH
Source
tar and gas waste,
dyeing and other
textile operations
tar and gas waste;
refinery textile mill
and other industrial
waste
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr Tim LC50 ^^
UNSUBSTITUTED AROMATICS
252 rat 5600
5700
174 sunfish 35-37
(lethal in
1 hr)
435 mosquito fish 386
124 rat 2000cT
24009
>2500 (dermal)
174 sunfish 4-5
(lethal in
1 hr)
perch 20-40
(lethal in
1 hr)
435 mosquito fish 150
333 mouse 700
174 sunfish 1-2
(lethal in
1 hr)
PHENOLS AND QUINONES
45 rat 1580
mouse 1420
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
410 rat 0.05 mg/kg Ineffective dose
daily for
7 mos
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
CATECHOL -„
UC1
0^H
CHEREMKBOVSK
TAR - INTERMEDIATE
FRACTION
(high MH phenols 30%,
hydrocarbons 50%,
neutral oxycompounds
15%)
CHLOROPHENOL
DICHLONE
(PHYGON)
0
X^N-X^-Cl
L II H
0
Source
semi-coking of coal
petrochemical
pesticide
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLm LC50 mg/1
mg/1
PHENOLS AND QUINONES
174 perch 20
(fatal in
1 hr)
211 mouse 1380
174 bluegill 8.1
252 rat 1500
coho salmon 0.42
(48 hrs)
channel cat 0.14
fathead 0.15
252, largemouth 0.07
449 bass (48 hrs)
252 rainbow trout 0.074
red-sided 0.011
shiner
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
2H guinea pig 100 mg/kg Loss of weight; increase in
daily for weight of adrenals; change
4 mos in electrocardiogram; change
glycemic curves
10 mg/kg Change in g lycemic curves
daily for
4 mos
252 human Skin irritation
rat 1580 mg/kg Retarded growth
in food
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
DIMETHYIRESORCINOLS
(shale phenols)
DINITROCRESOL
(DNOC)
CHj^OH
2, 4-DINITROPHENOL
OH
rY N°2
Wx^
NO
DINOSEB
(DNBP) H c CH
NO"^C\H32 3
DIPHENYLOLPROPANE
. . . .
^ 32 ^64 2
Source
carbonization of oil
shales; production of
tanning compounds
pesticide
pesticide, production
of dyes
pesticide
Acute Toxicity
Ref Specieu LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLo LC50 mg/1
mg/1
PHENOLS AND QUINONES
420 rat 1000
173 rat 25-40
316 rat 31.2
mouse 46.5
guinea pig 81.0
rabbit 30
173 rat 50
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
420 rat 100 mg/kg Decreased weight
daily for Affected kidneys and liver
20 wks
31° rat 0.031 and Decrease In conditioned re-
0.62 mg/kg flexes; changes In content
for 7 mos of urea; decrease in content
of high-energy phosphorus
compounds In the liver
rabbit 0.03 mg/kg Decrease in SH groups
for 7 mos
104 rat 0.25 mg/kg Change in acid resistance of
dally for erythrocytes ; decrease in
6 mos ascorbic acid concentrations;
Also affects: oxidation-
reduction processes , SH-groups
of reactive proteins, the
liver function, the neuro-
hormonal regulation and the
central nervous system
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
GUAIACOL
CH,OC,H. OH
3 6 4 OH
HYDROQUINONE
C6H4(OH)2
OH
r^\
r j
OH
of. -NAPHTHOL
^«*^ .^-s^
CjCj
^!XOH
B- NAPHTHOL
r^Y^i
L II ^\
•^x^s*-' — OH
Source
tar and gas wastes,
component of BKME
anti-oxidant, as a
reducer in photo-
graphic development
and as a chemical
reagent in phosphate
tests
waste from dye and
insecticide industry;
also from plants en-
gaged in distillation
of bituminous coal
waste from dye and
insecticide Industry;
also from plants en-
gaged in distillation
of bituminous coal
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr ,TLn LC50 mg/1
mg/1
PHENOLS AND QUINONES
174 perch 70-80
(48 hr)
252 rat 320
goldfish 0.287
(48 hrs)
331, rat 2400
332 mouse 280
guinea pig 2000
rabbit 9000
cat 134
331, rat 1960
332 Q,
mouse 70
guinea pig 1335
rabbit 5400
252 3800
331 cat 89
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
i
i
271 warmblooded Considerable effect on bone
anima Is marrow
331 rat 4.4 mg/kg Changes in CNS function; change
daily for in conditioned reflexes; de-
8 mos crease in cholinesterase
activity
196.0 mg/kg Decrease in cholinesterase
/day for activity; Increase in pro-
8 mos thrombln time; decrease in SH
groups; decrease in phagocytic
activity of leucocytes
12.0 mg/kg Change in glycogenic function
/day for of liver
8 mos
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
1, 4-NAPHTHOQUiNONE
NITROPHENOL (5
02y-\ y-OH
NITROTOLUOL
v-Q--
PYROGALLOL
OH
rT OH
QUINONE
6
0
ROSOLIC ACID
JJ^
^1
°H\>C -/°H
Source
used in dyeing of
woolens, & furs, for
staining leather, and
as a developer in
photography
used in photography,
dye manufacture,
tanning, and as an
oxidizing agent
tar and gas waste
1
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 ng/kg 96 hr run LC5Q fflg/1
PHENOLS AND qUINONES
*°0 2000 (lethal)
236 laboratory 328
animals
449 bluegill 46.3
(48 hrs)
204 rat 2400
mouse 330
rabbit 2400
252 dog 25
goldfish 18
(48 hr)
252 rat 130
50 perch 100
(lethal in
1 hr)
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
236 varmblooded Alterations in functional state
anlmal8 of organism
i
215 rat 120 mg/kg Increase in number of leuco-
daily cytes, and methemoglobln
blood levels; decrease in
erythrocytes and hemoglobin
level; affects liver ;raised
prothrombin index
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
TETRACHLOROCATECHOL
OH
Ctfi^rOH
0jJL .jjJLci
Cl
VETLUZHSK OIL
(25-37% high MH
phenols & esters, 10-
15% aromatic acids,
10-15% fatty acids,
20% hydrocarbons)
HALOGENATED
m-CHLOROANILINE
NH.
Ill
U ^ji
^-^ Cl
p-CHLOROANILINE
Nh.
0
Cl
Source
possible component of
Kraft pulp mill
bleach waste
wood resin
distillation; used as
a flotoreagent in con
centratlng iron ore
of low magnetic con-
tent
agricultural and
chemical effluent
agricultural and
chemical effluent
Acute Toxlcity
Ref Species LD50 ng/kg 96 hr TLm LC50 mg/1
ng/1
PHENOLS AND QUINONES
362 fish sub- lethal concentrations caused
an increase in rate of respiration
which was thought to indicate
disruption of cellular processes
by uncoupled oxldative phosphory-
lation
111 mouse 624-2850
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
186 rat 1084 9
880 rf
230 256
136 mouse 1100
230 368
186 guinea pig 750
230 25°
186 rat 370 9
300 rf
mouse 400
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
111 guinea pig 100 mg/kg Decrease in 0. consumption;
daily adrenal hypertrophy shifts
in form of shortened B-P
intervals and changes in
QRST complex revealed by
electrocardiograms; histolog-
ical changes in liver and
kidneys
10 and 100 Effect on glycogen synthesizing
mg/kg daily function of the liver
for 4 mos
230, rat: 25 mg/kg Decrease in hemoglobin &
"' daily for erythrocytes ; increase in
8 mos reticulocytes; decrease in
liver glycogen; change in
CNS; histological changes in
liver and kidney; increase in
vitamin C content of
suprarenals.
186 guinea pig 5 mg/kg Glycogenic malfunction of the
daily for liver; decrease in phagocytic
7 mos activity of leucocytes
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
p-CHLOROANILINE (cont!
2, 5-DICHLOROANILINE
aT^
3, 4-DICHLOROANILINE
^y^ Cl
Cl
DICHLOROBENZENE
DICOFOL
(KELTHANE)
C1-C-C1
|
OH
Source
insulator, plasti-
cizer, pesticide
pesticide
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TUn LC50 «g/l
ng/l
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
186 guinea pig 350
347 rat 3000
mouse 2500
guinea pig 3750
rabbit 3750
347 rat 700
mouse 1000
guinea pig 6750
rabbit 675
340 rat 500-5500
252 rat 575-1100
124 1100 cf
1000 9
1230 rf ) , . ,.
1000 9 ) (derraal)
173 575->2000
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
ISA
guinea 0.5 and 5 Protein dystrophy in liver
pig mg/kg daily
for 8 mos
rat 0.1 mg/kg Disturbance of conditioned
daily for reflexes
8 mos
3*7 rat 20 mg/kg Changes in conditioned reflexes,
daily for kidney and liver function and
6 mos blood concentrations
347 rat 20 mg/kg Changes in conditioned reflexes,
daily for kidney and liver function
6 mos and blood concentrations
143 rat 0.003 mg/kg No significant effects
daily for
5 mos
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
DIIAN R
1
H- C -N02
H
ERBON
(BARON)
clHp_0_CH2-CH2_0-
Cl
HEXACHLOROBENZENE
Cl
"V*1
METHOXYCHLOR
ci-c-ci
i
Cl
Source
pesticide
0 Cl
II 1
C-C-CH3
Cl
pesticide
3
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr *Lm LC50 mg/1
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
124 rat 600 rf
475 9
>3000 (undiluted
technical
grade)
173 475-4000
174 channelcat <0.5
449 chinook 2.3
salmon (48 hrs)
174 channelcat 6.9
(48 hrs)
252 human 350,000 (fatal to 70 g man)
293 rat 6000
252 5000-7000
bobwhite 22,000
quail
ring neck 25,000
pheasant
101 fathead 0.064
449 0.031
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
143 rat 0.005 mg/kg Changes in conditioned reflexes
daily for
4 mos
252 quail 1000 mg/kg 407= reduction in reproduction
in diet
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
METHOXYCHLOR (cont)
PERTHANE
H
I
Source
pesticide
C1-C-C1
— .
H5C2 -f^y C -^_J)-C2H5
"
TETRACHLOROBENZENE
r V1
crV
1
Cl
pesticide; intermedi-
ate product in the
manufacture of the
effective fungicide
copper trichlorophen-
olate
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr ,TLm LC50 rag/1
mg/1
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
101, bluegill 0.062
}?* 0.020
449
101 goldfish 0.056
174 guppies 0. 120
rainbow trout 0.05
(24 hr)
124 rat >4000
340 8170
252 8200
8500
449 bluegill 0.021
rainbow trout 0.009
108 rat 1500
mouse 1035 (in oil)
2650 (in starch)
rabbit 1500
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
i
i
108 rat 0.005 mg/kg Change in conditioned reflexes;
daily for increase in weight coeffi-
8 mos cients of the liver; decrease
in SH groups
0.05 mg/kg Increase in ascorbic acid con-
daily for tent of organs
8 mos
rabbit 0.05 mg/kg Disorders of glycogen function
daily for of the liver; increase in SH
8 mos groups in blood serum follow-
ed by a decrease; increase in
hemoglobin content of blood;
increase in content of
reticulocytes in the peripher-
al blood
8
o
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
TETRACHLOROBENZENE
(cont.)
TRICHLOROBENZENE
Cl
C1
NITRO COMPOUNDS
p-DINITROBENZENE
°2N^)-N02
DINITROTOLUENE
(DINITROTOLUOL)
CJ"c*3
NITROBENZENE 2
C6H5N02
XYLENE
C6H4(CH3)2
Source
insulator, plasti-
cizer, synthesis of
some explosives
aniline dye and other
industries
manufacture of
aniline, soaps, and
shoe polishes
solvent and cleaning
agent; manufacture of
dyes and organics
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLm LC5Q fi
mg/1
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
252 rat 29.4
252 rabbit 700
252 rat 4300
124 sunfish 47-48 (lethal
in 1 hr)
88 D. Magna >100
<1000
(48 hrs)
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
108 rabbit 0.005 mg/kg Disorder of glycogen function
daily for of liver; change in content
8 mos of SH groups in serum in
last month of experiment
255 rat 0.01 mg/kg Increase in eosinophiles,
daily for reticulocytes, and leucocytes
5.5 mos in the blood; reduced 0-
consumption
143 0.003 mg/kg Did not affect conditioned
daily for reflexes
7-8 mos
126 rabbit 0.5 and 0.05 Histological changes in liver
mg/kg daily
for 8 mos
rat 4 and 48 Occasional variation in hemo-
mg/kg daily glob in, erythrocytes , and
for 5 1/2 mos leucocytes; marked eosino-
philia; change in reticulocyte
number
4S mg/kg Lymphopenia
daily for
5 1/2 mos
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
ARYIALKANES
ETHYL BENZENE
f, — ^
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
BUTYL XANTHOGENATE
i__
25~~2223
CARBON DISULFIDE
cs2
DIMETHYLSULFIDE
DIMETHYLSULFOX1DE
0
II
CH.J-S-CH-
METHYL MERCAPTAN
CHjSH
Source
f lotoreagent
waste from production
of cellulose by
sulfate method
bleached Kraft pulp
mill effluent
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 *>r TLm LC50 mg/1
MERCAPTANS AND OTHER SULFUR ORGANICS
234 mouse & rat 600-800
'<35mosquito fish 13.5
201 rat 3300
mouse 3700
2Q1 Chinook 12,000
salmon
sockeye 13,000
salmon
coho salmon 16,000
rainbow trout 17,000
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
, ?' rat 1 mg/kg Decrease in blood prothrombin,
daily for histopathological changes in
4 mos liver and kidneys
233 10 mg/kg Change in conditioned reflexes
daily for
4 mos
rabbit 70 mg/kg Change in phagocytic activity;
daily for change in carbohydrate
6 mos metabolism
201 rat & 15 mg/kg Decrease in rate of weight gain
rabbit daily for in rabbit only; decrease in
7 1/2 mos cholinesterase activity; de-
crease in blood
201 fish high concen- Change in number of various
tration or blood components; histopatho-
over a long logical change in liver,
period of kidney, brain, gills, and
time spleen
449 fish 1 mg/1 Restlessness, a progressive
respiratory depression,
muscular weakness, convul-
sions, spastic paralysis
-------
TABLE III (CONTJ - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
MUSTARD GAS
ClCHjCHjSC^CHjCl
PHOSTEX
CH3CH20
O^O--*-8-8-'-
SULFOXIDE
f^f^°
^JJ 0
CH3
TH10FHENE
A
I! u
D1ETHYIMERCURY
Source
chemical warfare
agent
pesticide
„ OCH2CH3
-OCH CHj
synergist
organosynthetic
industry, tar and
gas waste
effluent from syn-
thesis of ethyl
mercuric chloride and
phosphate
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 ht ,TLn LC50 mg/1
rag/1
MERCAPTANS AND OTHER SULFUR ORGANICS
252 rabbit 500 mg/1 causes gastrointestinal
inflammation
guppy 20 mg/1 fatal in 15 min
124 rat 350
340 rat 500-5000
174 sunflsh 27
(fatal in
1 hr)
ORGANOMETALICS
458 rat 51.2
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
343 rat 10 mg/kg Change In conditioned reflex*
daily for
4 mos.
458 rabbit 0.0005- Decrease in blood serum SH
0.005 mg/kg groups in rabbits; distur-
daily for bance in liver parenchyma
6 mos
rat 0.000005- Higher doses disturbed catalase
0.00005 mg/ activity; higher dose affectec
kg daily for conditioned reflexes
6 mos
rat & 0.005 mg/kg Histopathological changes in
rabbit daily for liver and kidneys
6 mos
*
*•
-------
TABl£ III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
ETHYLMERCURIC
CHLORIDE
CH3CH2HgCl
TETRAETHYL LEAD
Pb(C2H5)4
TETRAETHYL TIN
Sn(02H5)4
BUTOXY POLYPROPYLENE
OLYCOL
(CRAG FLY REPELLENT,
OPS-B)
CAH90(CH2CHO)nH
CH3
Source
effluent from crude
oil distillation
plants
pesticide, flotore-
agent
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr TLn LC50 mg/1
mg/1
ORGANOMETALLICS
458 vat 211.8
449 bluegill 0.20
371 rat 15.9
mouse 39.8
guinea pig 37
rabbit 7
POLYMERS
340 rat 9100-11,200
49 17,000
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
458 rabbit 0.0005- Decrease in blood serum SH
0.005 mg/kg groups
dally for
6 mos
rat 0.000005- Higher dose affects conditioned
0.00005 mg reflexes
/kg dally
for 6 mos
rat & 0.005 mg/kg Histopathological changes In
rabbit /day for liver and kidneys
6 mos
373 rat & 0.0001 mg/ Decrease in hemoglobin; de-
guinea pig kg daily crease in erythrocyte count;
for 7-9 mos decrease in cholinesterase
activity; increased leucocyte
count; change in kidney
function; change in condition-
ed reflexes
308 rat 400 mg/kg Change in cholinesterase
daily for activity
6 mos
7 -400 mg/kg Change in conditioned reflexes
daily for
6 mos
*
UI
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Source
Acute Toxicity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose
Effect
POLYMERS
METHOXYPOIYPROPYLENE
GLYCOI.
(OPS-M)
METHYL SILICONATE
POLY(ETHYLHYDRO-
SILOXANE
POLYMETHACRYLATE,
cationic
(VA-102)
POLYSTYRENE,
cationic
(VA-2, VA-3)
ACTUSOL
flotoreagent
212 mouse
3900
water repellent
used for purification
of vater
flocculant for water
purification
425 laboratory 1500-3000
animals
oil diapersant
407 fingerling
steelhead
SURFACTANTS
(structure unknown)
24.0
308 rat
308
guinea
Pig
308 rat
08
rat
425 rat
2.5 mg/kg
daily for
6 mos
25 mg/kg
dally for
6 HOB
Change in conditioned reflexes;
change in cholines(erase
activity
Slight protein dlstrophy in
liver and kidneys
£80 g/kg no toxic effect
1 g/kg
daily for
30 days
0.1 mg/kg
daily for
10 mos
Decrease in CNS; change in
vegetative nervous system
Slight change in conditioned
reflexes;change in stomach
histology; increase in
eosinophiles
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
BUST
CHEVRON NI-0
COREXIT-7664
E-314
F. 0. 300B
GAMLEN-CW
HOLL-CHEM 662
JAN-SOLV-60
PETROLITE
W-1439
POLYCOMPLEX
A-ll
SEASWEEP
Source
detergent
oil dlspersant
oil dlspersant
oil dlspersant
oil dispersant
used to precipitate
paint from the sur-
face of water
oil dispersant
oil dispersant
oil dispersant
oil disperaant
oil dlspersant
Acute Toxiclty
Ref Species LD50 rag/kg 96 hr TLm LC5Q ^
ng/1
SURFACTANTS
(Structure unknown)
407 finger ling 3.2
steelhead
407 fingerling 15.8
steelhead
407 fingerling 22.5
steelhead
407 fingerling 65.0
steelhead
174 Chinook 10-17.8
salmon (critical
level)
407 fingerling 3.2
steelhead
407 fingerling 35.5
steelhead
407 fingerling 35.5
steelhead
407 fingerling 13.0
steelhead
407 fingerling 20.2
steelhead
Chronic Toxicity
Ref Species Dose Effect
17* fish high con- Fatal due to alkalinity of
centration solutions; exhibited symptoms
of distress, and at death
were excessively slimy with
opaque corneas
!74 fish Irritation and intoxication,
including spasmodic snapping
of the jaws, violent activity
and twitching of eyes and
fins
-------
TABLE III (CONT.) - ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
Source
Acute Toxlcity
Ref Species LD50 mg/kg 96 hr Tim
_ mg/1
fi
Chronic Toxlcity
Ref Species Dose
Effect
SPILL-X
B
oo
ALGIBIOL
C 56
MEZIDINE
SHELL D50
SORICIDE TETRAMINOL
oil dispersant
pesticide
pesticide
aniline dye inter-
mediate
pesticide
pesticide
SURFACTANTS
(Structure unknown)
407 fingerling 35.5
steelhead
251 fathead
174 bluegill
largemouth bass
174 rainbow trout
251 fathead
ORGANICS
(Structure Unknown)
20 (24 hrs)
30 (48 hrs)
35 (48 hrs)
210 (48 hrs)
8 (48 hrs)
28
small doses Changes of the hemopioetic
and nervous systems and
hepatic functions, oxidative
and tropic processes of the
body
-------
T-ABLE IV - CONCENTRATION AND EFFECTS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN HUMAN AND
ANIMAL TISSUE
This table contains available information on chemicals the
concentrations and effects of which have been examined in
tissues. It will be noted that all information contained in
this table refers to pesticides. The data indicates that
pesticides can be stored in the tissues of humans normally
exposed to pesticides and deaths have occurred as a result
of accidental exposure which have resulted in high concentra-
tions in tissue. In some instances sequential information
was examined and shows that some pesticides had increasing
concentrations with time in the US and in India, but not in
England or in some cases in France. Information on animal
tissues shows extremely high tissue concentrations in animals
living in highly pesticide-treated areas while aquatic life
generally indicate low concentrations as compared to man and
terrestrial animals.
-------
TABLE IV - CONCENTRATION AND EFFECTS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL TISSUE
Ref
Agent
Species
Halogenated^
83 BENZENE HEXA-
CHLORIDE
84
man
ho
4s
vo
315
337
71 CHLORDANE
fish (50 na-
tionwide sampling
stations)
Dose or Exposure
ALKANES AND ALKENES
normal exposure to pesticides
during life
France
US
normal exposure to pesti-
cides
us
England
France
India
1961-62
1962-63
1964
1963-64
1964
1961
1964
normal exposure to pesticides
accidental contamination of seed
grain (Turkey)
normal exposure
Effect
stored
stored (< France)
0.20 ppm in body fat
0.57 " " "
0.60 "
0.42 "
0.02 " "
1.19 " "
1.43 "
11 it
11 it
ii it
n ii
ii ii
pregnant women: mean concentra-
tion in fat tissue 0.14 ppm
" " blood " 0.0045 "
non-pregnant women: mean concen-
tration in blood tissue: 0.42ppm
fetus " " " 0.0012 ppm
>3000 cases, 3-11% deaths (an-
nually in different years)
storage in 22% of 590 samples
-------
TABLE. iv.,(CQNi.) — CONCENTRATION AND EFFECTS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL TISSUE
Ref
Agent
Species
Dose or Exposure
Effect
Halogenated
91 DIELDRIN
human
to
<_n
O
83
ALKANES AND ALKENES
normal exposure to pesticides
in various locations
US (3 cities)
US (4 cities)
India
New Orleans
England, Wales
England
Chicago
Toronto, Canada
Miami
normal exposure to pesticides
England
US
normal exposure to pesticides
US 1961-62
1962-63
1964
1964
storage in adipose tissue
0-5 years (white)
range: < .05-.73 ppm (mean 0.23)
6+ years (white)
range: <-05-.77 ppm (mean 0.23)
0-5 years (nonwhite)
range: <.05-.46 (mean .21)
6+ years (nonwhite)
range: <.05-.43 (mean .20)
storage in adipose tissue
range .02-.36 ppm mean .15 ppm
.07-2.82 " " .31 "
< .02-.36
.03-1.15 " "
< .10-.90
.10-.73
.01-1.39
.07-.53
< .05-.77
storage in fat
0.21 ppm (mean)
0.15 ppm (mean)
storage
0.15 ppm in body fat
0.11 "
0.31 " " " "
0.29 "
.03 "
.29 "
.26 "
.22 "
.14 "
.22 "
.22 "
Denmark 1965
0.20
-------
TABLE IV (CONT.) -CONCENTRATION AND EFFECTS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL TISSUE
Ref
Agent
Species
Dose or Exposure
Effect
ALKANES AND ALKENES
DIELDRIN
(continued)
human
84
315
Cn
50
normal exposure to pesticides
England 1961-62
1963-64
1964
India 1964
Italy 1965
general population, male, US, 1965
ti it ii ii ii
female "
England, 1964
occupational exposure, 1964
normal exposure to pesticides
normal exposure to pesticides during
life (range: 28 weeks gestation to
88 years of age)
storage
0.21 ppm in body fat
0.26 " "
0.21 " "
0.04 " " "
0.59 " " " "
0.0014 ppm in whole blood
0.0019 " " plasma
0.0013 " " serum
0.0014 " " whole blood
0.0463 " "
storage
pregnant women: mean cone, in
fat tissue: 0.08 ppm
mean cone, in blood: 0.0016 ppm
nonpregnant women: mean cone, in
blood: 0.17 ppm
fetus: mean cone, in blood: 0.0013
ppm
44 autopsies provided following
mean values:
perirenal fat: 0.0300 ppm of whole
tissue
0.0630 " " "
0.0270 "
0.0620 " " "
0.0190 " " "
0.0060 " " "
0.0056 " " "
0.0037 " " "
0.0031 "
0.0021 "
mesenteric fat
panniculus fat
bone marrow:
TBLN*:
adrenal
kidney
liver
brain
gonad
* tracheo bronchial lymph nodes
-------
TABLE, IV (C.QNT.1 - CONCENTRATION AND EFFECTS OF ORGAiNlC POLLUTAiVTS IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL TISSUE
Ref
Agent
Species
Dose or Exposure
Effect
DIELDRIN
(continued)
337
125
Ui
to
334
71
337
human
fish
bluegills
redears
goldfish
white cat-
fish
eagles
fish from 50
nationwide
sampling
stations
fish
ALKANES AND ALKENES
normal exposure to pesticides during
life (continued)
0; 0.05; 0.211 mg/man/day for two
years (<, 0.0028-0.0036 mg/kg/day)
sublethal concentration followed
by recovery period (up to 41 days)
normal exposure to pesticides
normal exposure to pesticides
poor handling in sandfly con-
trol (Wisconsin or boundary
waters)
lung:
0.0022 ppm of whole
tissue
0.0021 " "
spleen:
only difference was increased con-
centration of dieldrin in adipose
tissue, blood
stored in all tissues in varying
amounts
liver )
gall bladder ) high concen-
pyloric caeca ) trations
intestine )
muscle
low concentration
storage
bald eagles: carcass:(median value)
1965 1964
0.33 ppm 0.65 ppm
liver:
0.21 " 0.35 "
brain:
0.08 " 0.10 "
gold eagles: carcass: 1964-65 0.09
ppm
liver " threshold
brain " "
storage in 75% of 590 samples
U 1.94)
range: trace 12.5 ppm of whole fish
n i ro II II II
average: 0.158 ppm
-------
TABLE. IV (CQNI.) - CONCENTRATION AND EFFECTS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL TISSUE
Ref
Agent
Species
Dose or Exposure
Effect
ALKANES AND ALKENES
140 DIELDRIN
(continued)
84 ENDRIN
hen pheasants
man
334
50
bald eagle
HEPTACHLOR-
EPOXIDE
man
ro
Ul
to
4 mg/week
normal exposure to pesticides
US 1964
1964
England 1964
Italy 1965
normal exposure 1965
from normal exposure to pesti-
cides during life (range 28
weeks gestation to 88 years
of age)
average: 41.2 ppm in fat
had no adverse effect on feeding,
weight or egg production
storage
< 0.02 ppm in body fat
< 0.03 " " "
< 0.02 " "
0.93 " " "
carcass (median value) 0.09 ppm
liver 0.09 "
brain " threshold
44 autopsies provided following
mean values:
perirenal fat 0.0220 ppm of whole
tissue
mesenteric fat 0.0320 " "
panniculus fat 0.0270 " " "
bone marrow 0.0040 " " "
TBLN*
adrenal
kidney
liver
brain
gonad
lung
spleen
0.0001
0.0012
0.0009
0.0019
0.0002
0.0001
0.0003
trace
* tracheobronchial lymph nodes
-------
TABLE IV (CQNT.) -CONCENTRATION AND EFFECTS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL TISSUE
Ref
Agent
Species
Dose or Exposure
Effect
ALKANES AND ALKENES
84
334
71
HEPTACHLOR-
EPOXIDE
(continued)
man
HEPTACHLOR
and/or
HEPTACHLOR
EPOXIDE
bald eagle
golden eagle
fish from 50
nationwide
sampling
stations
normal exposure to pesticides
US 1964
1964
England 1963-64
1964
normal exposure to pesticides
general population, male
US 1965
general population, male
US 1965
general population, female
US 1965
normal exposure
normal exposure to pesticides
storage
0.10 ppm in body fat
0.24 " " " "
< 0.1 "
< 0.01"
storage
0.0008 ppm in whole blood
0.0011
plasma
0.0008 " " serum
(median value)
1965 1964
carcass 0.06 ppm 0.09 ppm
liver threshold 0.15 ppm
brain " 0.10 ppm
carcass (median value)
1964-65 threshold
liver
brain
storage - found in 32% of (590)
samples
-------
TABLE IV (CQNT.) - CONCENTRATION AND EFFECTS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL TISSUE
Ref
Agent
Species
Dose or Exposure
Effect
ALKANES AND ALKENES
125 LINDANE
fish
sublethal concentration followed
by recovery period (up to 41
days)
r-o
Ui
Ln
71
50 DDD
fish (50 nation-
wide sampling
stations
human
normal exposure
normal exposure to pesticides
(28 weeks gestation to 88 yrs.)
storage
visceral fat - concentration
greatly exceeded those of any
other tissue
liver )
gall bladder )
pyloric caeca )
intestine )
high con-
centration
muscle - low concentration
storage in 16% of 590 samples
(< 0.1 ppm)
44 autopsies (whole tissue basis)
perirenal fat
mesenteric fat
panniculus fat
bone marrow
tracheobronchial
lymph nodes
adrenal
kidney
liver
brain
gonad
lung
spleen
0.0110 ppm
0.0470 "
0.0180 "
0.0760 "
0.0100 "
0.0570 "
0.0022 "
0.326 "
0.0020 "
0.0015 "
0.0009 "
0.0031 "
-------
TABLE IV (CQN.T.1 - CONCENTRATION AND EFFECTS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL TISSUE
Ref
Agent
Species
Dose or Exposure
Effect
50
Halogenated
DDE
human
83
NJ
334
bald eagles
golden eagles
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
normal exposure to pesticides
(28 weeks gestation to 88 yrs.)
normal exposure to pesticides;
ordinary dietary habits
appreciable environmental ex-
posure to pesticides from drift
from fields and orchards
moderate occupational exposure
extensive occupational exposure
normal exposure to pesticides
44 autopsies (whole tissue basis)
perirenal fat
mesenteric fat
panniculus fat
bone marrow
tracheobronchial
lymph nodes
adrenal
kidney
liver
brain
gonad
lung
spleen
4.64 ppm
4.40 "
4.48 "
2.08 "
1.38 "
0.875 "
0.209 "
0.200 "
0.0831"
0.0688"
0.0585"
0.0305"
fat 6.1 ppm (average) no adverse
effects
fat 8.6 "
fat
fat
carcass
liver
brain
carcass
liver
brain
19.0 ppm "
434 ppm "
1965
8.90 ppm
4.91 "
1.37 "
0.49 "
0.33 "
0.10 "
ii
M
1964
7 . 80 ppm
5.15 "
1.00 "
(1964-65)
11
11
-------
TABLE. IV (CQNT.)- - CONCENTRATION AND EFFECTS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL TISSUE
Ref Agent
Species
Dose or Exposure
Effect
83 DDT
human
84
KJ
Ln
315
63
50
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
3.5 mg/man/day for 21 mos.
35 mg/man/day for 21 mos.
storage of increasing amounts of
DDE, excretion of increasing
amounts of DDA; steady state
achieved and maintained until
dosage stopped, excretion dropped
off
same as for 3.5; excretion de-
creased very slowly after dosage
stopped and higher than controls
after 27 mos.
0.041 mg/day meat abstainers 1958 2.3 ppm
0.164 mg/day - general population
1954
0.202 mg/day - prison volunteers
1956
normal exposure pregnant women
nonpregnant woman
fetus
normal exposure
US 1961-62
France 1962-63
India 1964 (Delhi area, civilians)
India (other cities - military)
normal exposure to pesticides (28
weeks gestation to 88 yrs.)
4.9 ppm
7.4 ppm
fat 12.6 ppm, blood 0.0183 ppm
fat 13.7 ppm
blood 0.0081 ppm
6.7 ppm
8.8 ppm
27.2ppm
11.8ppm
44 autopsies (whole tissue basis)
perirenal fat
mesenteric fat
panniculus fat
bone marrow
tracheobronchial
lymph nodes
adrenal
1.33 ppm
1.35 "
1.16 "
0.411 "
0.892 "
0.125 "
-------
TABLE IV (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION AND EFFECTS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL TISSUE
Ref
Agent
Species
Dose or Exposure
Effect
DDT (continued) human
73
Ul
00
437
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
normal exposure to pesticides (28
weeks gestation to 88 yrs.)
normal exposure to pesticides
during life
USA (1955)
(1954-56)
(1961-62)
(1963)
(1963)
meat abstainers 1955-56
Eskimos 1960
1964
Canada 1959-60
Germany 1958-59
France 1961
Hungary 1960
England 1961-62
1964
India (I) 1964
(II) 1964
(III) 1964
USA 1964-65
kidney
liver
brain
gonad
lung
spleen
0.0827 ppm
0.0467 "
0.0105 "
0.0150 "
0.0147
0.0112
0-5 years (white)
0.49-25.7 ppm in body fay
6+ years (white)
1.9-21.1 ppm in body fat
0-5 years (nonwhite)
0.81-25.4 ppm in body fat
6+ years (nonwhite)
7.9-32.8 ppm in body fat
19.9 ppm in body fat
11.7 " " " "
12.6 "
6.7 "
11.1 "
5.9 "
3.0 "
10.3 "
4.9 "
2.3 "
5.2 "
12.4 "
2.2 "
4.0 "
26.0 "
31.0 "
12.8 "
n
n
n
n
n
n
ti
n
n
n
n
n
n
it
n
11
it
n
n
n
n
M
ti
n
it
"
ii
n
n
ii
n
n
n
ti
n
u
n
11
n
ii
n
u
it
n
n
3.1-8.6
-------
TABLE IV (COOT.) - CONCENTRATION AND EFFECTS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL TISSUE
Agent Species Dose or Exposure Effect
DDT
(continued)
Human
437
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
Czechoslovakia 1963-64
Israel 1963-64
Group I (0-9 yrs.) 1965-66
Group II (10-89yrs.) "
normal exposure to pesticides in
Israel (range 0-89 yrs. of age)
Ln
VO
84
normal exposure to pesticides
160
normal exposure through life
9.2 ppm in body fat
19.2
10.2
18.1
storage: 0-9 years (in body fat)
stillborns 1.0-49.1 ppni
neonates I (1-7 days)
0.8-32.8 "
" II 8-30 days)l.0-14.0 "
infants (30 days to 2 years)
1.0-60.0 "
children (3-9 yrs.)4.8-13.3 "
total 0.8-60.0 "
storage: 10-89
10-19 years
20-29 "
30-39 "
40-49 "
60-69 "
70-79 "
80-89 "
yrs. (in body f,
5.9-18.3 ppm
6.5-33.0 "
6.4-23.3 "
3.7-35.5 "
2.0-52.3 "
1.9-31.9 "
9.2-41.5 "
total
1.9-82.6
storage (whole tissue basis)
adrenal glands 0.7 ppm
storage (in extractable lipid)
3.4 ppm
" periadrenal fat 7.5 ppm in
extractable lipid
storage found in brain, kidney,
liver, gonads
no correlation between conc-
entration in fat and pathological
abnormalities
-------
TABLE IV CCONT.) - CONCENTRATION AND EFFECTS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL TISSUE
R§f Agent Species Dose or Exposure Effect
151
DDT
(continued)
human
ON
O
337
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
exposure status general population
in USA
< 1942
1950
1955
1954-56
1961-62
meat abstainers 1955-56
Eskimos (Alaska) 1960
residents near orchards 1954-56
agricultural applicators 1954-56
formulator 1951
formulator 1954
Canada - general population
Germany - general population
England - general population
France - general population
variable exposure
0 ppm in body fat
5.3 "
19.9" " "
11.7"
12.9"
5.9 '
3.9 "
15.6"
35.1"
263 "
1.131
4.9 ppm
2.3 "
2.2 "
5.2 " " "
storage directly related to
daily intake; correlation
between concentration of DDT
in blood and other tissues
in 44 autopsies subjects with
highest total residues in
tissues showed emaciation,
variety of cancers, extensive
focal or generalized patholo-
gical conditions of the liver
-------
TABLE IV (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION AND EFFECTS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL TISSUE
Ref Agent Species Dose or Exposure Effect
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
DDT
(continued)
human
OS
337
405
normal exposure - general popula-
tion, male, US 1965
general population, female, US,
1965
general population, England, 1964 0.013 ppm in whole blood
comparison of healthy controls and
those dying of diseases of liver,
CNS, and miscellaneous pathologies
showed:
1. strong association of DDT residues
with some CNS pathologies, carci-
noma, portal cirrhosis and hyper-
tension
2. equally strong association of
these residues in sick with his-
tories of domestic used of pesti-
cides
0.0193 ppm in whole blood
0.0415 ppm in plasma
0.0260 ppm in serum
0.0021-0.0034 mg/kg/day for 12 or
18 months
0.038-0.063 mg/kg/day
0.36-0.61 mg/kg/day "
same as above for 21.5 months
lived in vicinity of aldrin and
dieldrin manufacturing plant
storage proportional to dosage
storage proportional to dosage
no effects
storage proportional to dosage
white matter of brain 0.023 ppm
grey matter of brain 0.020 ppm
liver 0.11 ppm
-------
TABLE IV (CONT.) - CONCENTRATION AND EFFECTS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN HUMAN
Ref Agent Species Dose or Exposure
AND ANIMAL TISSUE
Effect
72
DDT
(continued)
83
to
o>
1-0
189
7L
337
63
334
men and
pregnant and
lactating wo-
man (control:
nonpregnant
women)
fish
birds
ringneck
pheasants
penguins
fish
seals
snails
bluegill
sunfish
bald eagles
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
normal exposure to pesticides in
metropolitan area
normal exposure to pesticides,
ordinary dietary habits
appreciable environmental expo-
sure to pesticides from drift
from fields, orchards
moderate occupational exposure
extensive occupational exposure
normal exposure
found
exposure in highly treated
areas
exposure in untreated areas
20 ug/1
normal exposure
concentration in plasma of preg-
nant and lactating women within
same range as for nonpregnant
small, significant decrease in
concentrations of all DDT derived
compounds, dieldrin, and total BHC
at or soon after delivery; returned
to levels of early pregnancy
body fat 4.9 ppm
( no
body fat 6.0 ppm (difference .; adverse
small but significant) , effects
fat 14.0 ppm
body fat 648 ppm
range: 0.021-16.20 ppm of whole fish
average: 0.845 ppm
in all but 6 of 590 samples
(£ 45 ppm)
influences physiology of egg; pro-
duces thinning of shell
average: 58 ppm
upper limit: 2770 ppm
< 0.18 ppm
< 0.44 ppm
< 0.12 ppm
0.16 ppm
1.0 ppm
(median values) 1965 1964
carcass 0.20 ppm 0.42 ppm
liver threshold 0.10
-------
TABLE IV CCONT.) •- CONCENTRATION AND EFFECTS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN HUMAN AND ANIMAL TISSUE
Ref _ Agent _ Species _ Dose or Exposure _ Effect
334
DDT
(continued)
bald eagles
golden eagles
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
normal exposure
(median values) 1965 1964
brain threshold threshold
carcass 1964-65 threshold
liver
brain
NJ
-------
TABLE V - CARCINOGENICITY IN MAMMALS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS FOUND IN FRESH
WATER EXAMINED BY THE ORAL ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
This table presents the available information on the carcino-
genicity of chemicals which have been found in water and ex-
amined by the oral route of administration. Most of this in-
formation was obtained from books which summarized available
data on carcinogenicity of chemicals in general. The majority
of studies reported results on a few animals only and only a
few studies attempted to show a dose response relationship.
Dosage forms varied considerably and could not be computed to
a common expression. The incidence of appearance of tumors
were not always available and results were expressed only as
positive. The results appear to be different depending
upon the species of animals studied with mice having the high-
est proportion of positives. In some instances there was a
high tumor formation in rats used as controls.
-------
TABLE V - CARCINOGENICITY IN MAMMALS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS FOUND IN FRESH WATER EXAMINED BY THE ORAL
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
Ref Agent Species Tumor Dose
ALKANES AND ALKENES
HALOGENATED
74 ALDRIN mouse 76/215
384 +
368 rat 0/120
dog 0/8
64 rat 2/61*
3/66*
2/59*
9/91*
368 BENZENE HEXACELORIDE rat 0/12
367 CHLORDANE rat ' 0/40
rabbit 0/9
74 DIELDRIN mouse 77/218
384 Positive
64 rat 8/59*
10/70*
7/62*
9/91*
368 rat Negative
10 ppm in diet for 2 yrs.
15 ppm in diet for 330 days .
25.0 ppm in diet for 2 yrs.
3 ppm in diet 6 d./wk for 15.6 mos.
2.5 ppm/ 2 yr in diet.
12.5 ppm in diet for 2 yrs.
25.0 ppm in diet for 2 yrs.
Control
100 ppm in diet up to 8 mos.
150 ppm in diet for 104 wks .
400 mg/kg daily for 31 days.
100 ppm in diet for 2 yrs .
15 ppm in diet for 375 days.
2.5 ppm in diet for 2 yrs.
12.5 ppm in diet for 2 yrs.
25.0 ppm in diet for 2 yrs.
Control
75.0 ppm in diet/6 mos.
* Considered negative because of control data.
-------
TABLE V (CONT.) - CARCINOGENICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS FOUND IN WATER
Ref
Agent
Species
Tumor
Dose
167
337
337
367
368
ENDOSULFAN
HEPTACHLOR
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE
LINDANE
ALKANES AND ALKENES
mouse Negative
mouse Postive
mouse Positive
rat 0/66
rat 0/48
2.15 mg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 6 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
In diet/2 yrs.
In diet/2 yrs.
30 ppm in diet/12 wks.
32 mg/kg in aqueous emuls. (gastric tube)
daily for 6 mos.
Isi
368
GLUCOSE
rat
ALCOHOLS
0/13
1 ml soln in water, 20%, in dose of 0.8 ml
every other day/I yr.
367
368
AROMATIC
ANILINE
BENZIDINE
rat
rat
dog
AMINES
4/12
2/10
2/10
3/10
0/2
1.10% in synthetic basic diet, 10-65 mg/d./
body weight.
0.1% in diet/312 days.
0.017% in diet for 224 days.
0.017% in diet for 424 days.
0.50-0.1 g once a wk for 20-128 days.
-------
TABLE V (CONT.) - CARCINOGENICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS FOUND IN WATER
Ref
Agent
Species
Timor
Dose
BENZIDINE
(continued)
Jo/
148 a-NAPHTHYLAMINE
368 B-NAPHTHYLAMINE
rabbit
dog
rat
dog
AMINES
0/9
1/7
1/10
9/9
10/10
0.50-0.1 g once a wk for 20-128 days.
200 rag in capsule daily (6/wk) for 15 mos.
followed by 300 mg in capsule daily
(6/wk) for 45 mos (total 325 gm) .
0.06% in food for 288 days.
300 mg capsule in diet daily for 24-35 mos
600 mg capsule daily. Dose varied up to
N>
ON
2/4
1/3
2/7
3/3
3/5
1/6
3/3
1/3
2/2
1/2
2/2
2/3
3/3
5/5
17 mos.
200 mg in gelatin capsule 6 d./wk (increased
after 6 mos to 600 mg: max cumulative
dose 310 gm/animals) for 3 yrs.
500 mg daily/18 mos.
500 mg daily/26 mos.
500 mg daily/35 mos.
500 mg daily/34 mos.
500 mg daily/34 mos.
500 mg daily/31 mos.
30 mg daily/ 24 mos.
90 mg daily/29 mos.
60 mg daily/ 29 mos.
120 mg daily/ 22 mos.
500 mg daily/29 mos.
500 mg daily/30 mos.
300 mg daily in food for 372 days.
-------
TABLE V (CONT.) - CARCINOGENICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS FOUND IN WATER
Ref
Agent
Species
Tumor
Dose
to
368 e-NAPHTHYLAMINE
(continued)
68
HETEROCYLIC
367 PYRIDINE
CARBOXYLIC
367 ACETIC ACID
367 n-BUTYRIC ACID
368 2,4-D
367
167
367 2,4,5-T
167
rat
rabbit
dog
rhesus monkey
mouse
rat
rabbit
rat
rat
dog
mouse
dog
mouse
AMINES
6/11
2/29
I/
9/24
Negative
0/8
ORGANIC ACIDS
0/5
+/4
0/5
0/11
Negative
0/11
Negative
0.067% in diet/925 days.
0.1% so In. for 2 yrs. Avg. intake 350 mg/day.
25-50 mg/kg/d./24 mos.
50-100 mg/kg/d./24 mos.
200 mg/kg/d./24 mos.
10% in diet/35 days.
0.1-0.7 gm/kg weight, dissolved in 50-100 ml
drinking water, twice daily for 13 mos.
25% in synthetic diet for 3-35 wks.
1 ml of 2% soln in water in diet/daily/6 mos.
2, 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg in capsules, 5 d./wk/
13 wks.
100 mg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube) , then 323 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
20 mg/kg in capsules, 5 d./wk/113 wks.
21.5 mg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 60 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
-------
TABLE V (CONT.) - CARCIHOGENICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS FOUND IN WATER
Ref
Agent
Species
Tumor
Dose
188
368
SULFONICS
ABS
mouse
rabbit
1,2-BENZANTHRACENE mouse
368
1,12-BENZOPERYLENE mouse
3,4-BENZPYRENE mouse
00
368
ORGANIC ACIDS
Negative
Negative
Positive
Positive
Negative
+/55
+/30
+/20
+/24
17/20
10/30
+/20
+/20
+/20
+/20
0.5 mg in 0.1 ml heavy mineral oil 8 times at
3-7 d. intervals.
0.5 mg in 0.1 ml heavy mineral oil 16 times
at 3-7 d. intervals.
0.3 ml of 0.5% PB in PEG*solvent, once (30
weekly doses .3 ml of 3% croton oil in
PEG after treatment).
30 wkly adm. of 0.3 ml of 0.5% carcinogen in
polyethylene glycol-400.
1 dose of 0.3 ml of 0.5% carcinogen in PEG-400.
0.3 ml of 0.5% in PEG solvent once (30 wkly
doses .3 ml of PEG after treatment).
0.3 ml of 0.5% in PEG solvent.
0.3 ml of 0.5% in PEG/3 times at 24 hr
interval/30 wks.
12.5 ygm in 0.25 ml PEG once.
50 ygm in 0.25 ml PEG once.
200 ygm in 0.25 ml PEG once.
12.5 ygm in 0.25 ml PEG once.
PEG - polyethylene glycol
-------
TABLE V (CQNT.) - CARCINOGENICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS FOUND IN WATER
Ref
Agent
Species
Tumor
Dose
ORGANIC ACIDS
148 CHRYSENE rat Negative
148 1,2,5,6- mouse 3/10
DIBENZANTHRACENE 2,10
148 PENTACHLOROPHENOL rat 0/20
cat 0/4
148 PENTACHLOROPHENATE, rabbit 0/5
Na
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
fT HALOGENATED
CT»
VO
368 ODD mouse Negative
167 ^Potential
402 DDT mouse 196/683
167 Positive
100 rat Positive
fish, trout Positive
107 rat 15/75
0.3% in diet/ 30 days.
10 mg (total dose) in diet/7 mos.
19 mg (total dose) in diet/5 mos.
3.9 or 5 mg in food daily/26-28 wks.
1.25 or 2.8 mg/kg in diet/10 wks.
35-600 mg/kg in water for 34 days.
0.1% in diet up to 6 wks.
100 mg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 300 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
Five generations of mice fed DDT at 2.8-3.0
ppm of the diet for 6 mos.
46.4 mg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube) , then 140 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
200-800 ppm in diet for near-life span.
75 ppm.
100, 200, 400 and 800 ppm in diet for 18 mos.
* Requires additional evaluation.
-------
TABLE V CCONT.) - CARCINOGENICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS FOUND IN WATER
Ref Agent Species Tumor Dose
MERCAPTANS AND OTHER SULFUR ORGANICS
167 TED ION mouse Negative 100 mg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
(TETRAFIDON) stomach tube), then 260 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
to
^J
O
-------
TABLE Va - CARCINOGENICITY IN MAMMALS OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
FOUND IN FRESH WATER IN HUMANS, ANIMALS, AND PLANTS
This table presents available information on the carcinogen-
icity of chemicals found in water which were not examined by
the oral route of administration.
-------
TABLE Va - CARCINOGENICITY IN MAMMALS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS FOUND IN FRESH WATER EXAMINED BY ROUTES OF
ADMINISTRATION OTHER THAN ORAL
Ref
Agent
Species
Tumor
Dose
367
ALIPHATIC
ETHYLAMINE
rabbit
AMINES
0/6
50 and 100 ppm 7 hrs./day, 5 day/week, for 6
weeks. (Inhalation)
148 FLUORANTHENE
368 PYRENE
mouse
mouse
ORGANIC ACIDS
0/10
+/150
6/20
to
•vj
0.3% in benzene twice weekly. (Skin)
3 drops 3% in acetone once weekly (followed by
1 drop 5% croton oil in mineral oil once weekly)
10 thrice weekly applications of 8.3% solution
in acetone (total dose - 0.25 g). (Skin)
148
p-CRESOL
PHENOLS and QUINONES
mouse Negative
rat Negative
3% in alcohol 3 times weekly. (Skin)
3% in alcohol 3 times weekly. (Skin)
-------
TABLE VI - CARCINOGENICITY IN MAMMALS OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS OF
FRESH WATER EXAMINED BY THE ORAL ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
This table presents available information on carcinogenicity
of chemicals which are considered to be potential pollutants
of fresh water and any statements that could be made about
this table are the same as those presented for Table V.
-------
TABLE VI - CARCINOGEN 1CITY IN MAMMALS OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS OF FRESH WATER EXAMINED BY THE ORAL
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
Ref Agent Species Tumor Dose
HALOGENATED
368* CARBON TETRA-
CHLORIDE
to
148 CHLOROFORM
165
167 MIREX
167 STROBANE
367 TETRACHLORO-
ETHYLENE
148 TETRACHLORO-
ETHANE
ALKANES AND ALKENES
dog 0/8
mouse +/37
Positive
mouse 7/20
0/40
mouse Positive
mouse Positive
rat 0/18
dog 0/1
0.125-0.5 ml/kg 3 x wk in a 1:1 soln and
corn oil.
0.2 ml of 2% olive oil soln. 2 x wk interval,
3% soln. given wkly for 17 wks.
0.1 ml of 40% soln. in olive oil, 3 x wk for
45-66 doses/13 1/2 wks.
8 x 10-lf and 4 x lO"1* ml dose in olive oil
every 4 days, 30 times.
2% in diet/13 mos.
10 mg/kg/d. for 7-28 days of age (P.O. stomach
tube), then 26 ppm/d. (0.5% gelatin) in
diet for 18 mos.
4.64 mg/kg/d. for 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 11 ppm/d. for 18 mos
(in diet 0,5% gelatin).
0.33 mg/kg, 8 doses at 4 d. interval.
1 ml 150 times.
* Additional data in 148 and 367.
-------
TABLE VI (CONT.) - CARCINOGENICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Ref
Agent
Species
Tumor
Dose
148 AMYL ALCOHOL rat
368 t-BUTYL ALCOHOL rat
368 DIETHYLENE GLYCOL rat
368 ETHYL ALCOHOL rat
rat
148 ETHYLENE GLYCOL rat
148 ETHYLENE GLYCOL rat
MONO-n-BUTYL ETHER
148 ETHYLENE GLYCOL rat
MONOETHYL ETHER
368 PROPYL ALCOHOL rat
367 HEXAMETHYLENE- guinea pig
ALCOHOLS
Negative
0/4
0/24
0/10
0/60
0/30
0/40
0/20
0/4
AMINES
0/6
In food.
10% in basal diet for 30 d., 20% for 30
more days.
1% and 2% in drinking water/ 13 1/2 wks.
40 ml at 40° added to 100 gm of diet at
15° as drinking water/152 days.
15% in drinking water/226 days.
50% in water, 2 ml/kg body wt. every other
day for 8-79 days .
0.03%, 0.125%, 0.5% or 2.0% incorporated in
diet (total of 0.018 g/kg/d.) for 90 days
1.45% in food/2 yrs.
10% in diet for 30 d.; 20% in diet for 30
more days.
0.02 g daily/98 days.
367
DIAMINE
QUATERNARY
ALKYL DIMETHYL BENZYL
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
rat
0/168
0.015-0.5% in diet/2 yrs.
-------
TABLE VI (CONT.) - CARCINOGENICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Ref
Agent
Species
Tumor
Dose
367 CETYL DIMETHYL
ETHYL AMMONIUM
BROMIDE
HETEROCYCLICS
167 AMITROLE
167 ATRAZ1NE
167 SIMAZINE
mouse
mouse
mouse
mouse
AMINES
0/10
Positive
Negative
Negative
0.060 gm/kg daily, 6 d./wk/30 days,
1000 mg/kg/d. for 28 d. (P.O. stomach tube)
then 2192 ppm (0.5% gelatin) in diet for
18 mos.
21.5 mg/kg/d. for 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube) then 82 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
215 mg/kg/d. for 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 603 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos total.
ORGANIC ACIDS
CARBOXYLIC
148 CAPROIC ACID
367 LACTIC ACID
rat
rabbit
0/2
0/5
10% in food/110 days.
0.1-0.7 gm/kg dissolved in 50-100 ml water,
twice daily for 16 mos (13 mos actual
treatment).
368
TANNIC ACID
rabbit
0/4
1 g/kg body weight daily/40 days.
-------
TABLE VI (CONT.) - CARCINOGENICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Ref
Agent
Species
Tumor
Dose
367
368
367
167
to
Ul
100
390
301
318
367
148
SULFONICS
DECYLBENZENE mouse
SULFONATE, Na
DODECYLBENZENE rat
SULFONATE. Na
ISOPROPYLNAPHTHA- mouse
LENE SULFONATE, Na
ARAMITE mouse
rat
dog
dog
rat
mouse
dog
rat
DIBUTYLPHTHALATE rat
ETHYL ACETATE rat
ORGANIC ACIDS
0/10
0/20
0/10
ESTERS
Positive
Positive
Positive
Positive
+/1500
4-/1000
+/36
+/300
0/40
Negative
0-210 gin/kg daily, 6d./wk/30 days.
2000 ppm in diet/104 wks.
0.19 gin/kg daily, 6 d./wk/30 days.
464 mg/kg/d. for 7-28 d. of age (P.O. stomach
tube), then 1112 ppm/d. (0.5% gelatin)
in diet for 18 mos .
200-400 ppm.
500-1400 ppm.
500-1429 ppm/d. /3 1/2 yrs in diet.
200-400 ppm in diet for 2 yrs.
200-400 ppm in diet for 2 yrs.
500-1400 ppm in diet for 3.5 yrs.
200-400 ppm in diet for 2 yrs.
0.01-1.25% in diet/1 yr.
In diet/^300 days.
-------
TABLE VI (CONT.) - CARCINOGENICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Ref
Agent
Species
Tumor
Dose
167 OVEX
167 n-PROPYL ISOME
337 PYRETHRINS
mouse
mouse
rat
ESTERS
Negative
Negative
*Potential
464 mg/kg/d. for 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 1019 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
2000 yg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 6000 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
to
148
167
367
368
167
49
AMIDES
CAPROLACTAM
CAPTAN
SULFAGUANIDINE
SULFANILAMIDE
CARBAMATES
CARBARYL
rat
mouse
rat
rat
mouse
rat
AMINE DERIVATIVES
0/6
Negative
0/24
0/12
Negative
Negative
Avg. of 0.667 g/kg/d. in drinking water/70 days,
215 mg/kg/d. for 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 560 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
1% in diet/70 d., 12 with Vitamin E rich diet.
Rat cube diet containing sulphanilamide at
levels of 0.04%/450 days.
4.64 mg/kg/d. for 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 14 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
0.04, .02, .01, and .005% in diet for 2 yrs.
* Requires additional evaluation
-------
TABLE VI (CONT.) - CARCINOGENICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Ref
Agent
Species
Tumor
Dose
Ni
49 CARBARYL
(continued)
222 CHLOROPROPHAM
167 IPC
164
167 ISOLAN
167 ZECTRAN
167
159
167
THIOCARBAMATES
FERBAM
NABAM
dog
rat
dog
mouse
rat
mouse
mouse
mouse
mouse
rat
mouse
AMINE DERIVATIVES
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
Negative
*Potential
Negative
Negative
Negative
414, 95, and 24 ppm in diet for 1 yr.
2.0% in diet for 2 yrs.
2.0% in diet for 1 yr.
215 mg/kg/d. for 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 560 ppm in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
2% in diet for 18 mos.
2% in diet for 18 mos.
0.0215 mg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 0.0603 ppm/d. in
distilled water for 18 mos.
4.64 mg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 11 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
10 mg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 32 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
.0025, .025, and .25% in diet/2 yrs.
21.5 mg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 73 ppm in distilled
water for 18 mos.
* Require additional evaluation.
-------
TABLE VI (.COOT.) - CARCINOGENICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Ref
Agent
Species
Tumor
Dose
S3
^j
oo
167
100
167
159
167
167
167
THIRAM
ZIRAM
ZINEB
UREAS
DIURON
MONURON
mouse
mouse
mouse
AMINE DERIVATIVES
Negative
rat
mouse
rat
mouse
Positive
Negative
Negative
*Potential
Negative
*Potential
10 mg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 26 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
4.6 mg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 15 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
0.0025, .025, and .25% in diet/2 yrs.
464 mg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 1298 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
464 mg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 1000 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
215 mg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 517 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
367
MALATHION
rat
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
Negative
5000 ppm in diet as 65, 90, or 99%
technical product for 2 yrs.
*Requires additional evaluation.
-------
TABLE VI (CQNT.) - CARCINOGENICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Ref
Agent
Species
Tumor
Dose
148 ACETALDEHYDE rat
148 METHYL ETHYL KETONE rat
ALDEHYDES AND KETONES
Negative
Negative
In diet/300 days.
In food/300 days.
ETHERS
to
V4
VO
148
167
147
167
DIOXANE rat
PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE mouse
ROTENONE
rat
mouse
0/2
*0
Negative
Negative
1% in water/110 days; 3% in water/48 days.
100 mg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 300 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
5-15 mg/kg body weight daily/37 days.
1 mg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
stomach tube), then 3 ppm/d. in diet (0.5%
gelatin) for 18 mos.
368
NAPHTHALENE
rat
UNSUBSTITUTED AROMATICS
Negative
In oil (in synthetic diet) 6 times a week,
10-20 mg until dose of 10 g/rat in food.
367 2,4-DINOTROPHENOL rat
367 6-NAPHTHOL rat
PHENOLS AND QUINONES
Negative
0/5
* Requires additional evaluation.
0.01-0.10 in diet/179 days.
2% in diet/2 mos.
-------
TABLE VI CCONT.) - CARCINOGENICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Ref
10
oo
o
Agent
Species
Tumor
Dose
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
HALOGENATED
368 p-DICHLOROBENZENE rabbit
100 METHOXYCHLOR rat
158 rat
167 PERTHANE mouse
0/7
Positive
+/13
+/10
+/16
*Potential
500 rag/kg fed 5 d./wk for a total of 263 doses
2000 ppm for 18 mos.
0.0025% in diet/18 mos.
.02% in diet/ 18 mos.
.16% in diet/ 18 mos.
215 mg/kg/d. from 7-28 days of age (P.O.
368
ARYLALKANES
TOLUENE
rat
Negative
stomach tube), then 815 ppm/d. in diet
(0.5% gelatin) for 18 mos.
118, 354, or 590 mg/kg/d. in 2-3 ml olive oil
soln. emulsified and 5-10% aqueous soln.
of acacia for 138 feedings.
* Requires additional evaluation.
-------
TABLE Via - CARCINOGEN1CITY IN MAMMALS OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
OF FRESH WATER EXAMINED ONLY BY ROUTES OF ADMINISTRATION
OTHER THAN ORAL
This table presents available information on carcinogenicity
of chemicals which are potential pollutants of fresh water
and which were not examined by the oral route of administra-
tion.
-------
OO
TABLE Via - CARCINOGENICITY IN MAMMALS OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS OF FRESH WATER EXAMINED ONLY BY ROUTES
OF ADMINISTRATION OTHER THAN ORAL
Ref
Agent
Species
Tumor
Dose
148
148
368
367
367
367
367
148
368
HALOGENATED
DICHLOROMETHANE
ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE
TRICHLORETHYLENE
2-ETHYL HEXANEDIOL-
1,3
STREPTOMYCIN
ALIPHATIC
DIETHYLAMINE
PHENYLHYDRAZINE
HETEROCYCLICS
ACRIDINE
NICOTINE
ALKANES AND ALKENES
animal 1 Negative
rat Negative
cat Negative
ALCOHOLS
animal1 Negative
guinea pig Negative
AMINES
rabbit Negative
rabbit 0/2
mouse 0/100
rat 0/16
34 mg (10,000 ppm) 5 x wk. , 4 hr. exposure.
(Inhalation)
50 ppm air, up to 63 seven hr. exposures daily.
(Inhalation)
20 ppm, 75 min. daily. (Inhalation)
Undiluted daily/90 d. (Skin)
13.7-55.8 gm/kg body weight (total dose). (I.M.)*
50 and 100 ppm 7 hrs/d./wk./16 weeks. (Inhalation)
40 mg (S.C.).*
1% in "90% benzol"/9 mos. (Skin)
2.5 mg (as the bitartrate) for 10 doses, 4 mg
every work day for 4 mos., then 2 mg every
work day until 6-1/2 mos. (S.C.)
I.M. - intramuscular
S.C. - subcutaneous
-------
TABLE Via .(CONT.) - CARCINOGENICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Ref
Agent
Species
Tumor
Dose
ORGANIC ACIDS
CARBOXYLIC
148 BENZOIC ACID rabbit Negative
148 PHTHALIC ACID rabbit Negative
148 TRICHLOROACETIC mouse Negative
Daily/40 days. (S.C.
Daily/40 days. (S.C.
In acetone, weekly, 3
or I.V.)*
or I.V.)
applications.
(Skin)
ACID
10
00
368 ACETONE
148 ACETOPHENONE
368 ACROLEIN
367 CYCLOHEXANONE
368 FORMALDEHYDE
368 BENZENE
ALKEHYDES AND KETONES
mouse Negative
rabbit Negative
mouse 2/15
guinea pig Negative
rat 4/10
UNSUBSTITUTED AROMATICS
mouse +/21
+/36
+/40
Negative
0.2 ml of 100% 3 x week/1 year. (skin)
Daily/40 days. (S.C. or I.V.)
10 weekly applications of 0.5% solution in
acetone (total dose - 12.6 rag) (weekly
application of croton oil in acetone begun 25
day post-treatment 2 of 0.08% solution and
16 of 0.17% solution, alternating with test
substance at 3-4 day intervals). (Skin)
10 mg/20 days, 50 mg/40 days, and 100 mg/20-
40 days. (S.C.)
1 cc of a 0.4% aqueous solution, weekly/15
(S.C.)
mos,
Twice weekly. (Skin)
25 yl 2 x wk/24 weeks. (Skin)
Painted 2 x week/40 weeks. (Skin)
Once a week/4 mos., thrice weekly thereafter for
108 applications in 12 mos. (total dose -
8.9 gin). (Skin)
* I.V. intravenous
-------
TABLE Via (CONT.) - CARCINOGENIGITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Ref
Agent
Species
Tumor
Dose
UNSUBSTITUTED AROMATICS
368 PHENANTHRENE mouse +/100
5/20
PHENOLS AND QUINONES
148 CATECHOL rabbit Negative
367 GUAIACOL rat Negative
148 a-NAPHTHOL mouse Negative
148 PYROGALLOL mouse, Negative
g rabbit
u>
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
NITRO COMPOUNDS
148 XYLENE mouse Negative
SULFUR ORGANICS
3 drops 3% in acetone once weekly followed by
1 drop 5% croton oil in. mineral oil once wkl;
10 thrice weekly applications of 18.0% solutii
in acetone (total dose - 0.54 g) . (Skin)
Daily for 40 days. (S.C. or I.V.)
1-4% in olive oil, 26 inj . (S.C.)
5% in lard (0.25 ml, repeated inj.). (S.C.)
5-20% in acetone weekly. (Skin)
Weekly application. (Skin)
367 MUSTARD GAS
mouse
Negative
250 pg/ml in acetone, 0.05 ml, 5 times weekly.
(Skin)
-------
TABLE VII - MUTAGENICITY AND TERATOGENICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS FOUND
IN FRESH WATER IN HUMANS, ANIMALS, AND PLANTS
AND
TABLE VIII - MUTAGENICITY AND TERATOGENICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
OF FRESH WATER IN HUMANS, ANIMALS, AND PLANTS
These tables contain available information with more or less
pertinence to mutagenicity and teratogenicity on chemicals
found in water. In considering presumptive tests for muta-
genicity, caution is necessary for interpreting the results.
It can be seen from the tables that a variety of test systems
have been employed and it should be remembered that most are
of little reliability in terms of extrapolating to man.
Further reservations with respect to pesticides are needed
because no pesticides now in wide use have been demonstrated
to be mutagenic and the overwhelming majority has not been
adequately tested. The majority of data in this table relates
to mutagenicity or chromosomal effects obtained on plants or
fungi. The teratogenicity information showed positive results
on 29 of 32 chemicals and one of these was obtained on humans
(methyl mercuric chloride). The data on the chick needs to be
qualified since it is considered by some to be an overly sensi-
tive system.
-------
TABLE VII - MUTAGENICITY AND TERATOGENICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS FOUND IN FRESH WATER IN HUMANS,
ANIMALS AND PLANTS
MUTAGENICITY
TERATOGENICITY
OO
Agent
HALOGENATED
DIELDRIN
ENDRIN
LINDANE
Species
Plant
sprout
Barley
Onion
root tip
1!
Other
plant
root tip
Dose
10% soln.
1000 ppm
for 12 hrs.
0.00125%
0.0006-
2.0%
solid
particles
Effect Ref Species Dose Effect Ref
ALKANES AND ALKENES
C-mitosis 337
Point 453
mutations
Chromosome 337 Chick 5 mg/egg Negative 244
breaks
Aneuploidy 337
and chromo-
some frag-
mentation
C-mitosis 337
Chromosome 337
aberrations
-------
TABLE VUL (CONT.) - MUTAGENICITY AND TERATOGENICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
MUTAGENICITY
TERATOGENICITY
Agent Species
CARBOmiC
2,4-D Narcissus
root tip
Cotton
NO
oo
l/l
Onion root
tip
Vicia faba
root tip
Onion root
tip
Trades cantia
2,4,5-T Apricot
Onion root
tip
Dose
0.01-
0.1%
0.01-
0.1%
0.001-
0.1%
25-500
ppm
0.001-
0.1%
100 mg/1
sprayed
25-500
ppm
Effect Ref
ORGANIC ACIDS
C-mitosis 337
Effect on 25
nucleic acid
synthesis
C-mitosis 337
chromosome
aberrations
Abnormal 337
mitosis
Chromosome 337
aberrations
Abnormal 356
mitosis
Slight anti- 36
mitotic effect
Chromosome 337
aberrations
Species Dose Effect Ref
Mouse 98 mg/kg Eye anomalies 337
Mouse 98-100 Negative 337
mg/kg
Mouse 46-150 Eye anomalies, 95
mg/kg S.C. agnathia
day 6-14
Mouse 113 mg/kg Cleft palate 337
Cystic kidney
Mouse 150 mg/kg Cleft palate 95
Chick Cleft plate 76
Beak deformities
-------
TABLE VII (COOT.) - MUTAGENICITY AND TERATOGENICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
MUTAGENICITY
TERATOGENICITY
N3
00
Agent
BENZOPYRENE
1,2,5,6-
DIBENZ-
ANTHRACENE
Soecies Dose Effect
Ref Species Dose Effect Ref
UNSUBSTITUTED AROMATICS
Mouse 750 mg/kg Induction of
I. P. single dominant
dose lethals
Fungus Positive
96
21
PHENOLS AND QUINONES
PENTACHLORO-
PHENOL
Plant cells Positive
11
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
HALOGENATED
DDD
DDT
Mouse 105 mg/kg Negative
Plant saturated C- Mitosis
solution Chromosome
breaks
Mouse 46.4 mg/kg Negative 33
96 Chick Negative 24
337
TEDION
MERCAPTANS AND OTHER SULFUR ORGANICS
Mouse
217 mg/kg Negative
337
-------
TABLE VII (CONT.) - MUTAGENICITY AND TERATOGENICITY OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
MUTAGENICITY
TERATOGENICITY
Agent
Species
Dose
Effect
Ref
Species Dose
Effect
Ref
METHYL MERCURY Fruit fly 0.25 ppm
in food
ORGANOMETALICS
Offspring
with extra
chromosome
Human From fish Congenital 169
cases born
ro
00
-------
TABLE VIII - MUTAGENICITY AND TERATOGENICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS OF FRESH WATER IN HUMANS,
ANIMALS AND PLANTS
Agent
MUTAGENICITY
Species Dose
TERATOGENICITY
Effect
Ref
Species Dose
Effect
Ref
HALOGENATED
CHLOROFORM
ETHYLENE
DIBROMIDE
Onion
Bull testis
ALKANES AND'ALKENES
Positive 389
Positive 12
AMINES
£ HETEROCYCLIC
oo — - - .
ATRAZINE
SIMAZINE
Barley
anther
Barley
anther
1000 ppm
for 12 hrs
1000 ppm
for 12 hrs
On meiosis 453
On meiosis 453
ORGANIC ACIDS
CARBOXYLIC
ENDOTHALL
Plant cell
Chromosome
aberrations
ESTERS
337
Mouse
Negative 337
OVEX
Mouse
Negative 337
-------
MUTAGENICITY
TERATOGENICITY
Agent
Species Dose
Effect
Ref
Species Dose Effect
Ref
AMINE DERIVATIVES
AMIDES
CAFTAN
Human 0
.010 mg/1
in culture
Mouse 9
Kangaroo rat 1
& 500 mg/kg
.25 & 5.0
Inhibition of
DNA synthesis
Negative
Chromosome
225
96
225
Mouse Negative
Chick 18-20 ppm Cleft palate
Eye anomalies
Bone anomalies
(~* *-\T^ rr r\ m -I <- i 1
337
421
o/. /.
to
oo
vo
mg/1 in aberrations
culture
METEPA
Mouse
TEPA
Point mutations 337
Chromosome
alterations
40 mg/kg Induction of 96
dominant
lethals
Point Mutations 337
Chromosome
alterations
Rabbit
Rat
Hamster
Rat
malformations
Negative 183, 187
50-2000 mg/kg Negative 183
P.O.
125-1000 Negative 183
mg/kg P.O.
Ectrodactyly
Multiple mal-
formations
187
Positive
51
-------
TABLE VIII (CONT.) - MUTAGENICITY AND TERATOGENICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
MUTAGENICITY
TERATOGENICITY
Agent
Species
Dose
Effect
Ref
Species Dose
Effect
Ref
AMINE DERIVATIVES
TEPA (cont.)
Mouse
Positive
52
7 mg/kg I.P. Induction of 95
dominant
lethals
10
vo
o
CARBAMATES
CARBARYL
Barley
anther
Plant
root tip
500 & 1000
ppm 12 hrs
0.5 & 0.25
saturated
Abnormal meiosis 453
Chromosome
aberrations
10
Mouse
Guinea pig
Hamster
Chick
Dog
100 mg/kg
Hydrocephaly,
skeletal
337
300 mg/ kg Bone defects 339
P.O. dur- Lack of kidneys
ing organ- and genital
ogenesis organs
350 mg/kg
Congenital mal- 187
formations
125 & 150 Negative
mg/kg P.O.
1 mg/egg
Congenital
ma 1fo rmat ions
75 ppm/day Congenital
malformations
6.25-50 Skeletal
mg/kg/day anomalies
Failure in
organ devel-
opment
339
244
187
374
-------
TABLE VILI (CONT.) - MUTAGENICITY AND TERATOGENICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
MUTAGENICITY
TERATOGENICITY
Species
Dose
Effect
Ref
Species Dose
Effect
Ref
AMINE DERIVATIVES
VO
CIPC
IPC
ZECTRAN
Plant cell 2.5,5,10,20, C-Mitotic 242
40,80 ppm effect
up to 8 hrs Nuclear dis-
integration
Avena root 0.1-0.5 ppm Mitotic 337
and stem tip aberrations
Plant cells 2.5,5,10,20, C-Mitotic 242
40,80 ppm effect
up to 8 hrs Nuclear dis-
integration
Mouse
Mouse
850 mg/kg Eye anomalies 337
Negative
337
THIOCARBAMATES
FERBAM
Aspergillus 1000 ppm
niger spores
Onion root 240 ppm
tip
Morphological 337
mutants and
reverse muta-
tions
Chromosome
aberrations
337
Mouse
Negative
337
NABAM
THIRAM
Mouse Negative 337
Mouse Negative 337
250 mg/kg Bone & heart 339
P.O. dur- anomalies
ing organ-
ogenesis
-------
TABLE VILL (CONT.) - MUTAGENICITY. AND TERATOGENICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
MUTAGENICITY
Species
Dose
Effect
Ref
TERATOGENICITY
Species Dose
Effect
Ref
THIRAM
(cont.)
AMINE DERIVATIVES
Hamster
Rat
Congenital 187
malformations
100 ppm Negative
187
txi
VO
to
UREAS
DIURON
MONURON
ABATE
BIDRIN
DEMETON
DIAZINON
Barley
anther
500 & 1000
ppm for 12
hrs
Abnormal
meiosis
453
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
Human 0.5 mg/1 Chromosome 411
lymphocytes aberrations
Mouse
Mouse
Lamb
Chick
Chick
Rabbit
Hamster
Chick
Negative
Negative
Negative
337
337
299
Bone anomalies 187
Parrot beak
Congenital
malformations
7 or 30
mg/kg P.O. Negative
0.125 or
0.25 mg/kg Negative
Congenital
malformations
244
339
339
187
-------
TABLE VIII (COOT.) - MUTAGENICITY AND TERATOGENICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
MUTAGENICITY
TERATOGENICITY
u>
Agent Species Dose Effect Ref
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
DICAPTHION Onion 0.5-6.0 Chromosome 337
root tip sq. cm. breaks
DICHLORVOS Onion 0.5-6.0 Chromosome 337
root tip sq. cm. breaks
EPN
GUTHION
IMIDAN
MALATHION
METHYL DEMETON
METHYL PARATHION
PARATHION Onion root 0.01,0.005, C-Mitosis 337
tip 0.0075%
PHOSPHAMIDON Barley 1000 & 500 Slight effect 453
anther ppm for 12 on meiosis
Species Dose Effect
Chick Congenital
malformations
Chick Congenital
malformations
Rabbit Negative
Chick 75 ppm/day Congenital
malformations
Chick Congenital
malformations
Mouse Cleft palate
Chick 0.1 mg/egg Congenital
malformations
Ref
187
187
187
187
244
187
187
hrs
TRITHION
Mouse
Cleft palate 187
-------
TABLE VIII (CONT.) - MUTAGENICITY AND TERATOGENICITY OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
Agent
MUTAGENICITY
Species Dose
Effect
Ref
TESATOGENICITY
Species Dose Effect
Ref
ro
vo
FORMALDEHYDE Mouse
NAPHTHOL
ETHYLMERCURY
CHLORIDE Triticum
root tip
ALDEHYDES AND KETONES,
20 mg/kg I.P. Negative gg
PHENOLS AND QUINONES
Mouse 10 mg/kg Eye anomalies 337
0.5-1.
ORGANOMETALS
Mitotic 337
aberrations
-------
TABLE IX - SOURCES OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS FOUND IN FRESH WATER
AND
TABLE X - SOURCES OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTMS OF FRESH WATER
These tables contain chemicals which have been found in water
(Table IX) and chemicals which could potentially be found in
water (Table X) according to sources given in the literature.
The sources are ranked in accordance with a number of chemicals
originating from each source and are categorized into the
three groups: industrial, agricultural and domestic. Indus-
trial sources which did not specify the industry are listed
separately. Taking the two tables together we find that chem-
ical plants contribute the highest number of chemicals which
either have been found or could potentially be found in fresh
water. The agricultural source of pollution is one of pesti-
cides and the domestic source of pollution consists of deter-
gents. In terms of numbers of chemicals as well as classes of
compounds, industrial sources contribute to fresh water pol-
lution to a greater extent than agricultural or domestic
sources.
-------
TABLE IX - SOURCES OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS FOUND IN FRESH WATER
INDUSTRIAL
Pesticide Formulating Plants;
Aldrin
Chlordane
ODD
DDE
DDT
Dieldrin
Diethylamine
Dimethylamine
Endrin
Ethylamine
Heptachor
Heptachloronorbornene
Hexachloronorbornadiene
Isodrin
Methylamine
Chemical Plants:
Acetic acid
Aniline
Butyric acid
Def
Formic acid
Methane
Propionic acid
Pyrocatechol
Dye and Pigment Factories;
Aniline
Benzidine
Formic acid
Naphthylamine
Phenol
Propionic acid
Synthetic Rubber Plants;
Diethylamine
Dimethylamine
Ethylamine
Methylamine
Coal Tar Products Plants;
Benzopyrene
3,4-Benzopyrene
Cresol
Pyrocatechol
Gas Plants;
Aniline
Benzopyrene
Methane
Pyridine
295
-------
TABLE IX (CONT.) - SOURCES OF POLLUTANTS FOUND IN WATER
Coke Chemical Plants:
Benzopyrene
3,4-Benzopyrene
Pyridine
Petroleum Refineries;
3,4-Benzopyrene
1,2,5,6-Dibenzanthracene
Methane
Shale Refineries:
Benzopyrene
3,4-Benzopyrene
Cosmetic Plants (soaps and perfumes):
Phenyl ether Propionic acid
Phenol
Wood Distillation Plants;
Acetic acid
Pyrocatechol
Rubber Plants:
Aniline
Formic acid
Sugar Factory (beet);
Acetic acid
Acetaldehyde Plant;
Methylmercuric chloride
Varnish Manufacturing;
Butyric acid
Textile Mills;
Acetic acid
Winery;
Acetic acid
296
-------
TABLE IX (CONT.) - SOURCES OF POLLUTANTS FOUND IN WATER
Pyrolyzate Washing (effluent);
Pyrocatechol
Industrial (unspecified);
ABS
1,2-Benzanthracene
3,4-Benzfluoranthene
10,11-Benzfluoranthene
11>12-Benzfluoranthene
1,12-Benzperylene
3,4-Benzpyrene
Fluoranthene
Indeno (1,2,3-cd) pyrene
Methylmercuric chloride
Phenol
Pyrene
Aldrin
Benzene hexachloride
Chlordane
DDD
DDE
DDT
Dieldrin
AGRICULTURAL
2,4-D
2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile
Endrin
Endosulfan
Fenac
Heptachlor
Heptachlor epoxide
Isodrin
Lindane
Ronnell
Sllvex
Toxaphene
Detergents:
ABS
DOMESTIC
LAS
Waste Processing Plants:
ABS
Phenol
297
-------
TABLE X - SOURCES OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS OF FRESH WATER
Chemical Plants:
Acetone
Amyl alcohol
Butyl alcohol
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Chloroaniline
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexene
Dlbromo-heptafluoroisobutyl
methyl ether
Diethylmercury
Diisopropylamine
Dimethylformamide
DimethyIphenylcarbinol
INDUSTRIAL
Dimethyl sulfide
Epichlorhydrin
Ethylene
Furfural
Maleic acid
Methyl alcohol
Methylethyl ketone
Methyl hexafluro-2-bromobuty-
rate
Methyltetrafluoropropionate
MGK 264
Monoethanolamine
Nitrobenzene
Octafluoroisobutyl methyl
ether
Phenylhydrazine
Propylene
Propylisome
Saponin
Sesame Oil
Sulfoxide
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachloroheptane
Tetrachlorononane
Trichloroethylene
Xylene
Petroleum Plants:
Acetonitrile
Actusol
Adiponitrile
Benzonitrile
Butyl mercaptan
Chevron NI-0
Chloronitrosocyclohexane
Chlorophenol
Corexit 7664
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexanol
Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexene
E-314
F.O. 300B
Heptane
Holl-Chem 622
Jan-Solv-60
Lactonitrile
Oxydipropionitrile
Petrolite W-1439
Seasweep
Spill-X
Tetraethyl lead
298
-------
TABLE X (CONT.) - SOURCES OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS OF WATER
Plastic Manufacturing:
Butyl acetate
Dichloromethane
Diethylene glycol
Ethylene
Formaldehyde
Furfural
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Perfluoroisobutenyl ethyl ether
PhenyIhyd r a z i ne
Tetrachloroethane
Trichlorobenzene
Tar and Gas Plants:
Acridine
Amyline
Benzene
Benzole acid
Guaiacol
Naphthalene
Quinaldine
Quinoline
Rosolic acid
Thiophene
Toluene
Rubber Plants;
1,4-Butanediol
Butylene
Carbon tetrachloride
Dichlorobutane
1,2-Dichlorohexafluorocyclo-
pentene-1
Dichloromethane
Isobutylene
Isoprene
PhenyIhydrazine
Triethanolamine
Dye and Tanning Plants:
Dimethylresorcinols
Formaldehyde
a-Naphthol
3-Naphthol
Pyrogallol
Qulnone
Ursol
Xylene
Ore Processing Plants;
Acetamide
Butyl xanthogenate
Cresyl dithiophosphate
Diisopropyl dithiophosphate Pine Oil
Octylphenol EO Terpineol
Oleoylmethyl tauride
Textile Plants;
Benzene
Chlorenanthic acid
Chloropelargonic acid
Chloroundecanoic acid
Naphthalene
299
-------
TABLE X (CONT.) - SOURCES OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS OF WATER
Photographic Wastes;
Butyl acetate
Hydroquinone
Pyrogallol
Quinone
Nylon Manufacturing;
Adiponitrile
Hexamethylenediamine
Hexamethylenediamine adipate
Pulp Mill:
Methyl mercaptan
4-(p-Tolyl)-l-pentanol
Tetrachlorocatechol
Organic Synthesis Plants;
Formaldehyde
Phenylhydrazine
Pharmaceutical Manufacturing:
Monoethanolamine
Streptomycin
General Industry (unspecified);
Acetone
Alkyldimethyl benzylammonium
chloride
Alkyldimethyl chlorobenzyl-
ammonium chloride
4-Amino-m-toluene-sulfonic
acid
Butyl xanthogenate
1,4-Butynediol
Cetyldimethylethylaranonium
bromide
Citric acid
Cresyl dithiophosphate
Diethylene glycol
Dinitrotoluene
Ethyl alcohol
Ethylene
Fur an
Isobutyl alcohol
Lactic acid
Methoxy polypropylene glycol
Morpholine
Phenylhydrazine
Picoline
Propyl alcohol
Propylene
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
Vetluzhsk Oil
300
-------
TABLE X (CONT.) - SOURCES OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS OF WATER
Abate
Acrolein
Acrylonitrile
Algibiol
Alkydimethyl benzylammonium
chloride
Alkydimethyl chlorobenzyl
ammonium chloride
Amitrole
Anisole
Apholate
Aramite
Atrazine
Azodrin
Baygon
Bayluscide
Benzethonium chloride
Bidrin
Binapacryl
Bromophos
Butane
Butoxy polypropene glycol
Butyl mesityl oxide oxalate
C 56
Captan
Carbaryl
Carbathion
Carbophenothion
Cetyldimethylethylammonium
bromide
Chloroaniline
Chlorobenzilate
Chlorpropham
Chlorthion
Ciodrin
AGRICULTURAL
Coumaphos
Dalapon
Dasanit
Dazomet
2,4-DB
DCU
Delrad
Demeton
2,4-DEP
Diazinon
Dicapthon
Dichlone
Dichlorobenzene
Dichlorvos
Dicofol
Diethyl dithiophosphoric acid
Diethyl maleate
Diethyl toluamide
Dilan
Dlmethrin
Dimethyl carbate
Dimetilan
Dinitrocresol
2,4-Dinitrophenol
Dinobuton
Dinoseb
Dioxathion
Diphacinone
Diquat
Disulfoton
Diuron
Drione
Endothall
EPN
301
Ethion
Ethyl hexanediol
Fenthion
Fenuron
Ferbam
Folex
Furfural
Gardona
Guthion
Hemp a
Hercules 9699
Hexachlorobutadiene
Hexachloroethane
Imidan
IPC
Isolan
Isopropylamine
Kepone
Lethane 384
Malathion
Matacil
MCPB
Menazon
3-Mercaptodiethylamine
Mesurol
Metepa
Metham
Methoxychlor
S-Methyl-N-(methylcarbamoyloxy)
thioacetamidate
Methyl parathion
Methyl trithion
Mevinphos
MGK Repellent 11
-------
TABLE X (CONT.) - SOURCES OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS OF WATER
MGK Repellent 326
Mirex
Mo bam
Monuron
Nab am
Naled
a-Naphthol
0-Naphthol
Nemagon
Neotran
Nicotine
Ovex
Oxydemetonmethyl
Paraoxon
Paraquat
Perthane
Phorate
Phosphamidon
AGRICULTURAL
(continued)
Phostex
Pinene
Piperonyl butoxide
Pival
Pyrethrins
Rotenone
Ruelene
Sarin
Schradan
SD 7438
SD 8530
Sesone
Shell D50
Simazine
Soricide tetraminol
Strobane
Strychnine
Sumithion
Tabutrex
2,3,5-TBA
2,3,6-TBA
Temik
Tepa
TEPP
Tetrachlorobenzene
Tetrachloroethane
Thionazin
Thiram
Tranid
Triaram
Trichlorfon
Trichloronate
Warfarin
Zectran
Zineb
Ziram
DOMESTIC
Alkyldimethyl benzylairanonium
chloride
Alkyldimethyl chlorobenzyl
ammonium chloride
Blast
Butylbiphenyl sulfonate
Cetyldimethylethylammonium
bromide
Decylbenzene sulfonate
3,9-Diethyl-tridecyl-6-
sulfonate
Dodecylbenzene sulfonate
7-Ethyl-2-methyl-undecyl-4-
sulfate
Ethyl phenylphenol sulfate
Fatty sorbitan
Isorpopylnaphthalene sulfonate
Laurie diethanolamide sulfonate
Lauryl alcohol EO
Lauryl alcohol sulfate EO
Lauryl glyceryl ether sulfonate
Lauryl imidazoline
Lauryl sulfate
302
Monoethanolamine
Nonyl Phenol EO
Oleyl alcohol EO
Phenylhydrazine
Polyethyleneglycolalkylphenol
esters
Quaternary ammonium chloride
Quaternary pyridinium
Stearoyl EO
Sterinol
Sterox
-------
TABLE XI - REPORTED MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND IN
FRESH WATER PRODUCING NO EFFECT IN MAMMALS WHEN ADMINISTERED
ON A CHRONIC BASIS OR TESTED FOR ORGANOLEPTIC EFFECTS IN MAN
This table presents the reported maximum no-effect concentra-
tions of organic chemicals when administered chronically to
mammals or when tested for organoleptic effects in man. Ex-
cept in a few instances, the sources for the information are
from the Russian literature. Approximately 80% of the data
is derived from organoleptic effects using human subjects.
-------
TABLE XI - REPORTED MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND IN FRESH WATER
PRODUCING NO EFFECT IN MAMMALS WHEN ADMINISTERED ON A CHRONIC BASIS
OR TESTED FOR ORGANOLEPTIC EFFECTS IN MAN
ALKANES AND ALKENES
Limiting Index
Reference
13
354
355
355
13
194,190,
228,191
13
429,430,
431
214,438,
459
48
357
178,179
274,275
219,252
228
438
357
228,185
300
Agent
Unsubstituted
butylene
cyclohexane
cyclohexene
ethyl ene
Isobutylene
isoprene
propylene
Halogenated
aldrin
allyl chloride
butane, poly-
chloro
carbon tetra-
chloride
chlordane
chloroprene
chlorocyclo-
hexane
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.005
0.5
0.002
0.017*
0.00025*
0.31
0.01-0.02
0.3
5.0
0.003
0.00025
0.1
0.05
Location
reservoir water
well water
"
"
reservoir water
"
ii
reservoir water
surface water for
public water
supplies
reservoir water
finished water
reservoir water
"
"
surface water
for public water
supplies
finished water
reservoir water
M
* From American Maximum permissible concentration data.
303
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
-------
TABLE XL (CONT.) -
REPORTED MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND IN
FRESH WATER PRODUCING NO EFFECT IN MAMMALS WHEN ADMINISTERED
ON A CHRONIC BASIS OR TESTED FOR ORGANOLEPTIC EFFECTS IN MAN
ALKANES AND ALKENES
Limiting Index
organoleptic
Reference
132,228
184
206,207,
228,230
380
381
414
214,438
214,438
357
214,438
214,438
274,275
284
415,438
214,438
357
Agent
Halogenated
dichlorobutane
dichlorobutene
dichlorocyclo-
hexane
1,2-dichloro-
hexaf luoro-
1-cyclohexene
1,2-dichloro-
hexaf luoro-
cyclopentene-1
dichlorome thane
dieldrin
end r in
freon 253
heptachlor
heptachlor
epoxide
hexachlorobuta-
diene
hexachloropenta-
diene
hexachloroethane
lindane
mg/1
0.05
0.05
0.02
0.4
0.4
7.5
0.017*
0.001*
0.0001*
0.1
0.018*
0.018*
0.01
0.001
0.01
0.056*
0.005*
Location
reservoir water
"
"
„
it
"
surface water for
public water supply
ii
finished water
reservoir water
surface water for
public water supply
..
reservoir water
..
"
surface water for
public water supplie
finished water
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
* From American maximum permissible concentration data.
304
-------
TABLE XI (CONT.) - REPORTED MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND IN
FRESH WATER PRODUCING NO EFFECT IN MAMMALS WHEN ADMINISTERED
ON A CHRONIC BASIS OR TESTED FOR ORGANOLEPTIC EFFECTS IN MAN
ALKANES AND ALKENES
Reference
213
415
228
359
359
Agent
Halogenated
plnene, poly-
chloro
tetrachloro-
ethane
tetrachloro-
heptane
tetrachloro-
nonane
mg/1
0.2
0.01
0.2
0.0025
0.003
359
359
359
214,438
357
264,228
tetrachloro-
pentane
tetrachloro-.
propane
tetrachloro-
undecane
toxaphene
trichloro-
ethylene
0.005
0.01
0.007
0.005*
0.0025*
0.5
Location
reservoir water
surface water for
public water supply
finished water
reservoir water
Limiting Index
sanitary-toxicological
organolaptic
organoleptic
206,207,
228,230
352,228
393
Nitro Compounds
chloronitroso-
cyclohexane
0.005
nitrocyclohexane 0.1
nitromethane 0,005
reservoir water
organoleptic
based on possibility of
forming chloropicrin
178,179
227,228,
286
allyl alcohol 0.1
butyl alcohol 1.0
ALCOHOLS
reservoir water
* From American maximum permissible concentration data.
305
organoleptic
-------
TABLE XI (CONT.) - REPORTED MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND IN
FRESH WATER PRODUCING NO EFFECT IN MAMMALS WHEN ADMINISTERED
ON A CHRONIC BASIS OR TESTED FOR ORGANOLEPTIC EFFECTS IN MAN
ALCOHOLS
Reference
197
197
228,353
210
313
376
313
466
256,257
227,228
286
227,228
210
205,256
233
262
233
321,322,
320
462
85
86
Agent mg/1
1,4-butanediol 5.0
1,4-butynediol 1.0
cyclohexanol 0.5
dichlorohydrin 1.0
diethylene glycol 1.0
dimethylphenyl- 0.05
carbinol
ethylene glycol 1.0
ethylene glycol 1.0
monoethyl ether
heptyl alcohol 0.005
isobutyl alcohol 1.0
methyl alcohol
monochlorohydrin 0.7
nonyl alcohol 0.01
pine oil
streptomycin
terpineol
Location
reservoir water
tetrahydro-
furfuryl alcohol
0.2
0.1
0.05
1.0
0.5
Aliphatic
diazobutylamine 0.07
diethylanolamine 1.0
0.8
AMINES
reservoir water
306
Limiting Index
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
dissolved 0 and BOD
organic matter content,
BOD, & dissolved 0.
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
sanitary-toxicological
BOD
organoleptic
-------
TABLE XI (CONT.) - REPORTED MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND IN
FRESH WATER PRODUCING NO EFFECT IN MAMMALS WHEN ADMINISTERED
ON A CHRONIC BASIS OR TESTED FOR ORGANOLEPTIC EFFECTS IN MAN
AMINES
Reference
176
122
88,89
117
43
44
93
116
328
114
92,93
85
227,228,
461
217,455
347
138
467
Agent mg/1
diethylamine 2.0
diisopropylamine 0.5
dimethylamine 0.1
ethylamine
hexame thylene-
diamine
hexame thylene-
diamine adlpate
0.5
0.01
1.0
hydrazine hydrate 0.01
isopropylamlne 2.0
methylamine
g-mercaptodi-
ethylamine
1.0
0.1
phenylhydrazine 0.01
triethanolamine 5.0
ursol 0.1
Aromatic
aniline 0.1
dichloroaniline 0.05
Quarternary
alkyldimethyl-
b enzylammonium
chloride
0.5
Location
reservoir water
quarternary 0.05
ammonium chloride
drinking water
reservoir water
Limiting Index
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
BOD
organoleptic
reservoir water sanitary toxicological
" organoleptic
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
307
-------
TABLE XI (CONT.) - REPORTED MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND IN
FRESH WATER PRODUCING NO EFFECT IN MAMMALS WHEN ADMINISTERED
ON A CHRONIC BASIS OR TESTED FOR ORGANOLEPTIC EFFECTS IN MAN
AMINES
Reference
365
454
196
249
214,438
423
227,464
228
195
228
228
214,438
272
303
198,199
129
Agent
Nitriles
acetone cyano-
hydrin
aery lonitr lie
adiponitrile
Heterocycllc
cyanuric acid
2,5-lutidine
picoline
pyridine
Carboxylic
acetic acid
acrylic acid
benzoic acid
butyric acid
2,4-D
dalapon
2,4-DB
mg/1 Location
0.001 reservoir water
2.0 "
0.1
6.0 reservoir water
0.056 "
0.05
0.2
ORGANIC ACIDS
based on organic reservoir water
matter content,
BOD, & dissolved 0
0.5
based on organic "
matter content,
BOD, & dissolved 0
it ii
0.1* surface water for
public water supply
1.0 reservoir water
3.0
2.0
1.0
Limiting Index
sanitary toxicological
M
it
organoleptic
sanitary-tox:i.cological
n
ti
general sanitary
general sanitary
n
organoleptic
M
n
sanitary- toxicological
* From American maximum permissible concentration data.
308
-------
TABLE XI (CONT.) - REPORTED MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND IN
FRESH WATER PRODUCING NO EFFECT IN MAMMALS WHEN ADMINISTERED
ON A CHRONIC BASIS OR TESTED FOR ORGANOLEPTIC EFFECTS IN MAN
ORGANIC ACIDS
Reference Agent
mg/1
Location
227,228
227,228
229
232
254,258
214-438
formic acid
Limiting Index
based on organic reservoir water general sanitary
matter content,
BOD, & dissolved 0
lactic acid
maleic acid 1.0
maleic anhydride 1.0
phthalic acid 0.5
2,4,5-T 0.1*
surface water for
public water supply
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
Sulfonics
168 alkyl benzene 0.5
sulfonate
282 p-chlorobenzene 5.0
sulfonate, Na
281,292 chlorophenyl 0.2
chlorobenzene
sulfonate
reservoir water
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
ESTERS
46
346
325
245
27
134,135
butyl acetate 0.3
diethyl maleate 1.0
dimethyltere-
phthalate
1.81
dioctylphthalate 2.0
methyl benzoate 0.001
vinyl acetate 0.2-0.25
reservoir water
inland waters
reservoir water
* From American maximum permissible concentration data
organoleptic
conjunctival irritation
tests
sanitary-toxicological-
organoleptic
309
-------
TABLE XL (CONT.) - REPORTED MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND IN
FRESH WATER PRODUCING NO EFFECT IN MAMMALS WHEN ADMINISTERED
ON A CHRONIC BASIS OR TESTED FOR ORGANOLEPTIC EFFECTS IN MAN
AMINE DERIVATIVES
Limiting Index
depends on watercourse
organoleptic
sanitary-toxlcological
M
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
Reference
227,350
121
456
392
99
99
99
94
123
5
5
278
276
277
278
Agent
Amides
caprolactam
dicyanodiamide
d ime thyl f o rmamid e
methacrylamide
sulfadimesine
sulfaguanidine
sulfanilamide
sulfathiazole
Carbamates
carbaryl
chloroprophatn
IPC
Thiocarbamates
carbathion
dimethyldithio-
mg/1 Location
1-2
10.0 reservoir water
10.0 "
0.1 "
1.0
0.01
0.5
0.1 "
0.1 reservoir water
1.0
0.2
0.0256 reservoir water
0.02 "
0.026
0.1 "
13
carbamate, NH,
Ureas
urea
10.0
reservoir water
organoleptic
310
-------
TABLE XL (CONT.) -
119
118
7
113
112,227,
228
202
6,101,
228
101
227,239
469
REPORTED MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND 'IN
FRESH WATER PRODUCING NO EFFECT IN MAMMALS WHEN ADMINISTERED
ON A CHRONIC BASIS OR TESTED FOR ORGANOLEPTIC EFFECTS IN MAN
PHOSPHATE ESTERS
Reference
202
344
233,234
223,227
218
Agent
acetophos
chlorophos
cresyl dithio-
phosphate
demeton
diethylchloro-
mg/1
0.03
0.05
0.001
0.01
0.02
Location Limiting Index
reservoir water organoleptic
it ti
it
" organoleptic
11 ii
thiophos
dlethyldithio- 0.2
phosphoric acid
diisopropyl di- 0.02
thio phosphate, K
dimethoate
0.03
dimethyldithio- 0.01
phosphoric acid
malathion
0.05
methylacetophos 0.03
methyl-demeton 0.01
methyl parathion 0.02
parathion 0.003
tributylphosphate 0.01
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
15
227,228
acelaldehyde
acetone
ALDEHYDES AND KETONES
0.2
reservoir water
based on content
of organic matter,
BOD, & dissolved 0,
organoleptic
general sanitary
311
-------
TABLE XI (CONT.) - REPORTED MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND IN
FRESH WATER PRODUCING NO EFFECT IN MAMMALS WHEN ADMINISTERED
ON A CHRONIC BASIS OR TESTED FOR ORGANOLEPTIC EFFECTS IN MAN
ALDEHYDES AND KETONES
Limiting Index
sanitary-toxicological
self-clarification
processes
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
Reference
377
136
292
422
227,228,
287
220
227,422
283
245
14
192,193,
252
343
37,364
132,228
132,228
216,227,
228
Agent mg/1 Location
acetophenone 0.1 reservoir watei
acrolein 0.01 "
cyclohexanone 0.2 "
1.0 "
formaldehyde 0.5 "
furfural i.o "
methylethylketone 1.0 "
ETHERS
anisole 0.05 reservoir water
dibutyl phthalate 2.0 "
diethyl ether 0.3 "
dimethyldioxane 0.005 "
furan 0.2 "
perfluoroiso- 0.3 "
butenyl ethyl
ether
polyethylene-
glycolalkyl-
phenyl ethers
OP-7 0.4 "
OP- 10 1.5 "
saponin 0.2 "
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
319,320
tetrahydrofuran 0.5
312
-------
TABLE XL (CONT.) -'REPORTED MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND IN
FRESH WATER PRODUCING NO EFFECT IN MAMMALS WHEN ADMINISTERED
ON A CHRONIC BASIS OR TESTED FOR ORGANOLEPTIC EFFECTS IN MAN
UNSUBSTITUTED AROMATICS
Limiting Index
sanitary-toxicological
Reference
307
227,228
455
333
333
410
410
45
211,228
120
420
316,317
104
271
455
455
401
204
103,227
460,461
111,228
Agent
benzene
naphthalene
phenanthrene
pyrene
o - ami no ph eno 1
p-aminophenol
benzoquinone
dioxime
Cheremkhovsk tar
dichlorophenol
dimethyl-
re sore ino Is
2,4-dinitrophenol
diphenylolpropane
hydroquinone
a-naphthol
6-naphthol
mg/1 Location
0.25 reservoir water
0.5
0.05
0.4 reservoir water
0.4
PHENOLS AND QUINONES
0.01 reservoir water
0.05 "
0.1 "
0.002
0.002 "
0.07
0.03 "
0.01
0.2-0.4 "
1.0
0.5
1.4-naphthoqu±none 0.1 "
nltrotoluol
phenol
qulnone
Vetluzhsk oil
0.01-0.2
0.001 "
0.2
0.02 "
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
organoleptic
313
-------
TABLE XI (CONT.) - REPORTED MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND IN
FRESH WATER PRODUCING NO EFFECT IN MAMMALS WHEN ADMINISTERED
ON A CHRONIC BASIS OR TESTED FOR ORGANOLEPTIC EFFECTS IN MAN
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
Reference
186
237,238
186,237
418
214,438
227,228
357
347
418
143
143,228
214,438
101
98
75
108
143
143,227
9
435
Agent
Halogenated
m-chloroaniline
p-chloroaniline
chlorobenzene
DDT
dichloroaniline
dichlorobensSene
hexachloro-
benzene
methoxychlor
nitrochloro-
benzene
tetrachloro-
benzene
trichloro-
benzene
Nitro compounds
nitrobenzene
xylene
mg/1
0.2
1.0
0.2
0.02
0.042*
0.2
0.5*
0.05
0.002
0.03
0.05
0.035*
0.05
20.0
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.2
0.05
Location
reservoir water
i>
ir
it
surface water for
public water supply
reservoir water
finished water
reservoir water
it
ii
M
surface water for
public water supply
reservoir water
streams
reservoir water
M
ii
ii
reservoir water
it
Limiting Index
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
it
organoleptic-toxicological
organoleptic-toxicological
organoleptic
ii
sanitary-toxicological
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
organoleptic
it
organoleptic
n
* From American maximum permissible concentration data.
314
-------
TABLE XI (CONT.) - REPORTED MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND IN
FRESH WATER PRODUCING NO EFFECT IN MAMMALS WHEN ADMINISTERED
ON A CHRONIC BASIS OR TESTED FOR ORGANOLEPTIC EFFECTS IN MAN
AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
Reference Agent
mg/1
463
296
375
2
3,228
Aryl alkanes
ethylbenzene
methylstyrene
propylbenzene
toluene
.fcafc" - .-
0.01
0.1
0.2
1.0
0.5
Location
reservoir water
Limiting Index
organoleptic
MERCAPTANS AND OTHER SULFUR ORGANICS
233,234
227,228,
424
201
343
butyl xantho- 0.0001
genate
carbon disulfide 1.0
dimethyl sulfide 0.03
thiophene 2.0
reservoir water
organoleptic
458 diethylmercury 0.0001
458 ethylmercuric 0.0001
chloride
227,228 tetraethyl lead 0.0
371 tetraethyl tin 0.0002
ORGANOMETALS
reservoir water
sanitary-toxicological
308
308
butoxy propylene 2.0
glycol
methoxy polyprop- Q.5
ylene glycol
POLYMERS
reservoir water
organoleptic
sanitary-toxicological
315
-------
TABLE XI CCONT.) - REPORTED MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND IN
FRESH WATER PRODUCING NO EFFECT IN MAMMALS WHEN ADMINISTERED
ON A CHRONIC BASIS OR TESTED FOR ORGANOLEPTIC EFFECTS IN MAN
POLYMERS
Reference Agent
212
209
408
425
methy1-
siliconate, Na
mg/1
1.5
poly(ethylhydro- 8.0
siloxane)
polymethacrylate 2.0
polystyrene, 0.5
cationic
Location
Limiting Index
reservoir water organoleptic
potable water
sanitary-toxicological
316
-------
TABLE XII - ACUTE TOXICITY RANKING OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND IN FRESH
WATER AS DETERMINED BY LD IN MAMMALS USING ORAL ADMINISTRATION
This table ranks acute toxicity of organic chemicals found in
water based on LD^ data to show relative acute toxic effects.
Chlorinated hydrocarbons show intense acute toxicity and all
can be considered to be derivatives of norbornene. With the
exception of methyl mercuric chloride they are the most toxic
compounds now found in fresh water. Heptachlor and Chlor-
dane also have the same chlorinated norbornene nucleus but
are not as toxic. Apart from these compounds, the other
most highly acute toxic compounds do not share common struc-
tural features but most of them contain chlorine atoms. (See
pages 44 to 46 for a more detailed discussion of this table.)
-------
TABLE XII - ACUTE TOXICITY RANKING OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND IN FRESH
WATER AS DETERMINED BY LD-- IN MAMMALS USING ORAL
ADMINISTRATION
0-99 mg/kg
1. Endrin
2. Methyl mercuric chloride
3. Isodrin
4. Aldrin
5. Endosulfan
6. Toxaphene
100-199 mg/kg
7. Lindane
8. Pentachlorophenol
9. Heptachlor
10.Sodium pentachlorophenate
11.Methyl mercuric chloride
200-299 mg/kg
12. DDT
13. Dimethylamine
14. 2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile
15. Def
16. 2,4,5-T
17. 2,4-D
18. 3-Isomer BHC
19. Chlordane
300-399 mg/kg
20. Benzene hexachloride
21. Ethylamine
22. DDD
23. o-Aniline
24. Aniline
400^499 mg/kg
25. Silvex
500-599 mg/kg
26. tp-ABS
27. Nitrochlorobenzene
28. Diethylamine
317
-------
TABLE XII (CONT.) - ACUTE TOXICITY RANKING OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND
IN FRESH WATER AS DETERMINED BY LD Q IN MAMMALS
USING ORAL ADMINISTRATION
600-799 mg/kg
29. Ronnell
30. ABS Linear
31. DDE
800-999 mg/kg
1000-2499 mg/kg
32. ABS
•33. o-Cresol
• 34. Fenac
•35. p-Cresol
2500-5000 mg/kg
36. Acetic acid
•37. Pyrocatechol
•37. Formic acid
>5000 mg/kg
38. Butyric acid
• 39. Pyrene
318
-------
TABLE XIII - ACUTE TOXICITY RANKING OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS OF
WATER AS DETERMINED BY LD50 IN MAMMALS USING ORAL ADMINISTRATION
This table ranks the acute toxicity of organic compounds which
are considered to be potential pollutants of fresh water. Of
the most toxic compounds, 15 out of 23 are phosphate esters.
The remaining 8 compounds are substituted pyridines (nicotine
and picoline), carbamates (Isolan and Temik), an anticoagulant
(diphacinone), acrolein, the organometallic tetraethyltin, and
cyanohydrin. Among the remaining more toxic compounds (1 to
100 mg/kg), the organophosphorus compounds make up the largest
grouping with 20 pesticides falling within this category.
-------
TABLE XIII - ACUTE TOXICITY RANKING OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS AS
DETERMINED BY LD Q IN MAMMALS USING ORAL ADMINISTRATION
0-49 mg/kg
1. Tepp
2. Temik
3. Phorate
4. Picoline
5. Dasanit
6. Diphacinone
7. Nicotine
8. Disulfoton
9. Deraeton
10. Acetone cyanohydrin
11. Parathion
12. Paraoxon
13. Warfarin
14. Mevinphos
15. Thionazin
16. Schradan
17. Isolan
18. Carbophenothion
19. EPN
20. Guthion
21. Tetraethyl tin
22. Acrolein
23. 2,4-DEP
24. Phosphamidon
25. Methyl parathion
26. Chlorfenvinfos
27. Malaoxon
28. Coumaphos
29. Ethion
30. Dichlorvos
31. Bidrin
32. Azodrin
33. Tranid
34. Adiponitrile
35. Dioxathion
36. Mustard Gas
37. Dinitrocresol
38. Zectran
39. Pyrogallol
40. Dimetilan
41. Acetophos
42. Dimethoate
43. p-Dinitrobenzene
44. Matacil
45. Methylamine
46. 2,4-Dinitrophenol
47. Malathion
48. Trichloronate
49. Endothall
50. Tepa
51. Methylacetophos
52. Oxydemetonmethyl
319
-------
TABLE XIII (CONT.) - ACUTE TOXICITY RANKING OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS AS
DETERMINED BY LD5Q IN MAMMALS USING ORAL ADMINISTRATION
50-99 mg/kg
53. Methyl demeton
54. Dinoseb
55. Diethyl mercury
56. Binapacryl
57. Cetyldimethyethylammonium bromide
58. Mesurol
59. Hercules 9699
60. Freon 253
61. Allyl Alcohol
62. Ciodrin
63. Streptomycin
64. Diazinon
65. Phenylhydrazine
66. Acrylonitrile
67. Dursban
68. Baygon
69. Hexachlorobutadiene
70. B-Naphthol
71. Paraquat
72. Lethane
73. Dichlorohydrin
74. Kepone
75. Apholate
100-199 ms/kg
76* 1,4-Butynediol
77. Ethylene dibromide
78. Imidan
79. Mobam
80. Carbaryl
81. Furfural
82. Quinone
83. Rotenone
84. a-Naphthol
85. Carbon Bisulfide
86. Monochlorohydrin
87. Metepa
88. Epichlorhydrin
89. Perfluoroisobutenyl ethyl ether
90. Fenthion
200-299 mg/kg
91. HRS-1422
92. Pyrethrins
93. Quarternary pyridintum
94. Strobane
95. SD-8530
96. Ethyl iitercuric chloride
97. Methyl perfluoromethylacrylate
98. Diraethylamine
99. Sterinol
100. Acrylic acid
101. Omite
102. Naled
103. Sumithion
104. m-Chloroaniline
105. Phostex
106. Carbathion
107. 1,2-Dichlorohexafluoro-cyclopentene-1
108. Pival
109. Dicapthon
110. Metham
320
-------
TABLE XIII (CONT.) _ ACUTE TOXICITY RANKING OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS AS
DETERMINED BY LD5Q IN MAMMALS USING ORAL ADMINISTRATION
300-399 mg/kg
111. p-Chloroaniline
112. Methyl hexafluoroisobutyrate
113. 2,3,5-TBA
114. Mirex
115. Methylomethacrylamide
116. Dazomet
117. Hydroqulnone
118. Nitrophenol
119. Nitrotoluol
120. AlkydimethyIbenzyl ammonium chloride
121. 3-Mercaptodiethylamine
122. Thlram
123. Pinene, polychloro
124. Chloronitrosocyclohexane
125. 2-Ethylbutylamine
400-499 mg/kg
126. Ethylamine
127. Diquat
128. Trichlorfon
129. 3,9-Diethyltridecyl-6-sulfate
130. Tetrachloropentane
131. m-Nitroaniline
132. p-Nitroaniline
133. Triethylamine
134. Ruelene
135. Methacrylamide
136. Dilan
137. Tetrachloroheptane
138. Dichlorocyclohexane
139. Dichlorobenzene
140. Sulfoxide
141. Diethylamine
142. Dibutylamlne
500-599 me/kg
143. Diisopropylamine
144. Chlorthion
145. Dimethyldithiocarbamate
600-699 mg/kg
146. Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
147. Tetrachloropropane
148. Isopropylamlne
149. DDA
150. Butyl xanthogenate
151. Vetuzhsk Oil
152. Sesone
153. 7-Ethyl-2-methylundecil-4 sulfate
154. Ethylene dichlorlde
155. 3,4-Dichloroaniline
156. MCPB
321
-------
TABLE XIII (CONT.) - ACUTE TOXICITY RANKING OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS AS
DETERMINED BY LD Q IN MAMMALS USING ORAL ADMINISTRATION
700-799 mg/kg
157. Phenanthrene
158. Nitrobenzene
159. Dodecyldiphenyl ether sulfonate
160. Tetrachloroethane
161. Quaternary ammonium chloride
162. Dichloroethane
163. Formaldehyde
164. Delrad
800-899 mg/kg
165. Nitroethane
166. Nitromethane
167. Folex
168. Tetrachlorononane
900-999 mg/kg
169. Butane
170. Methylhexafluoro-2-bromobutyrate
1000-2499 mg/kg
171. Diethyldithiophosphoric acid 191.
172. Dimethyl resorcinols 192.
173. Lauryl sulfate 193.
174. IPC 194.
175. Zineb 195.
176. Abate 196.
177, Octafluoroisobutyl methyl ether 197.
178. Menazon 198.
179. Tetrachlorobenzene 199.
180. Chlorobenzilate 200.
181. Morpholine 201.
182. Heptafluoroisobutylene methyl ether 202.
183. Phthalic acid 203.
184. Morestan 204.
185. Amitrole 205.
186. Gardona 206.
187. Dimethyl carbate 207.
188. Anisole 208.
189. Dibromoheptafluoroisobutyl methyl ether 209.
190. Ethylenediamine 210.
Lauryl alcohol EO
Lauryl alcohol sulfate EO
Tributyl phosphate
Dibutyl phthalate
1,4-Butanediol
Quinaldine
Cyclohexanol
o-Nitroaniline
Diethyl maleate
Cheremichousk Tar
Diethanolamine
Dichlone
Polystyrene, cationic
Chloropropham
2,3,6-TBA
Monoethanolamine
2-Ethylhexyl sulfate
Thanite
Bromophos
Nonyl phenol EO
322
-------
TABLE XIII (CONT.) - ACUTE TOXICITY RANKING OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS AS
DETERMINED BY LD5Q IN MAMMALS USING ORAL ADMINISTRATION
1000-2499 mg/kg
continued
211. Vinyl acetate
212. DimethyIphenyl carbinol
213. Chloroform
214. Octylphenol EO
215. Chlorenanthic acid
216. Lauryl glyceryl ether sulfonate
217. Dioctyl succinate sulfonate
218. Isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate
219. Diethyltoluamide
220. Ethylphenylphenol sulfonate
221. Ovex
222. Sesame Oil
223. Alkyldimethylchlorobenzyl ammonium
chloride
224. Decylbenzene sulfonate
225. Atrazine
226. Prometryne
227. Butylphenylphenol sulfonate
228. Naphthalene
229. Dodecylbenzene sulfonate
230. Aramite
2500-5000 mg/kg
231. MGK Repellent 11
232. 2,5-Dichloroaniline
233. Ethyl hexanediol
234. Hempa
235. Oleyl alcohol
236. Alkyl sulfonate
237. Laurie diethanolamide
238. Butyl Alcohol
239. MGK 264
240. Chloropelargonic acid
241. Methyl benzoate
242. Hexachloroethane
243. Captan
244. Butyl acetate
245. Lauryl imidazoline.
246. Dimethyl sulfide
247. Propyl alcohol
248. Butybiphenyl'sulfonate
sulfonate
249. Diuron
250. Monuron
251. Methyl siliconate
252. Methyl ethyl ketone
253. Ferbam
254. Perthane
255. Dalapon
256. Oleoylmethyl tauride
257. Xylene
258. Cyclohexane
DCU
Propylisome
Methylstyrene
Simazine
Ethyl Acetate
Dimethrin
Methyl tetrafluoropropionate
259.
260.
261.
262.
263.
264.
265.
266. Methoxychlor
323
-------
TABLE XIII (CONT.) - ACUTE TOXICITY RANKING OF POTENTIAL ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
DETERMINED BY LD . IN MAMMALS USING ORAL ADMINISTRATION
>5000 mg/kg
267. Ethylene gylcol
268. MGK Repellent 326
269. Benzene
270. Dichloromethane
271. Carbon tetrachloride
272. Neotran
273. Trichloroethylene
274. Chloroundecanoic acid
275. Sulfanilamide
276. Piperonyl butoxide
277. Fenuron
278. Toluene
279. Butyl mesityl oxide
280. Tabutrex
281. Triethanolamine
282. Stearoyl EO
283. Urea
284. Dimethylsulfoxide
285. Butoxy polypropylene g'lycol
286. Fatty acyl sorbitan EO
287. Hexafluoropropylmethyl ether
324
-------
TABLE XIV - RANKING OF REPORTED THRESHOLD DOSES OBTAINED BY CHRONIC
ADMINISTRATION IN RATS
This table presents ranking of reported threshold doses which
happen to have been obtained in rats as reported in the Rus-
sian literature. The small size of this table indicates that
little has been published on chronic threshold doses of com-
pounds which may appear in fresh water. There is a notable
absence of pesticides except for carbathion and simazine which
have a low ranking. Most of the other compounds in the table
are common organics which share little in terms of structural
similarity. A noteworthy feature is the presence of the three
organometallic compounds: tetraethyltin, ethyl mercuric
chloride and diethyl mercury at the top of the listing. The
next compound listed has a 50-fold higher threshold dose in
the listing of toxicity of these compounds. Alcohols, diols
and chlorinated compounds are scattered throughout the list,
as are aliphatic and aromatic amines. Threshold dose from
chronic toxicity studies is an important means for arriving
at quality criteria for chemicals in fresh water, the apparent
incompleteness of this table indicates that efforts have not
been particularly directed towards obtaining this information.
-------
TABLE XIV - RANKING OF REPORTED THRESHOLD DOSES OBTAINED BY CHRONIC
ADMINISTRATION IN RATS
Tetraethyl tin
Ethylmercuric chloride
Diethyl mercury
DimethyIphenylcarbinol
Heptyl alcohol
Nonyl alcohol
Cyclohexane
Epichlorhydrin
Tetrachlorobenzene
Dimethylamine
Diisopropylamine
Monoethanolamine
2,4-Dinitrophenol
Hexachlorobutadiene
Freon 253
Ursol
Chloronitrosocyclohexane
Methylamine
Furan
Saponin
Carbon tetrachloride
Perfluorobutenyl ethyl ether
1,4-Butynediol
Cyclohexanol
3-Naphthol
2,5-Dichloraniline
3,4-Dichloraniline
1,2-Dichlorohexafluorocyclopentene-1
Methoxypolypropylene
m-Chloroaniline
Isoprene
Diethylene glycol
Ethylene glycol
Carbathion
mg/kg
0.00001
0.00005
0.00005
0.0025
0.0025
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.007
0.025
0.025
0.031
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.15
0.15
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.5
0.5
0.5
mg/1
0.0002
0.001
0.001
0.05
0.05
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.14
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
3.0
3.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
325
-------
TABLE XIV (CONT.) - RANKING OF THRESHOLD DOSES
mg/kg mg/1
Pinene, polychloro 1.0 20.0
Dimethyldithiocarbamate 1.0 20.0
1,4-Butanediol 3.0 60.0
Isopropylamine 6.0 120.0
Vetluzhsk Oil 10.0 200.0
Simazine 20.0 400.0
2-Hydroxysimazine 50.0 1000.0
Dimethylformamide 50.0 1000.0
326
-------
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INDEX
Abate, 206, 292, 301, 322
ABS, 91, 142, 268, 297, 309, 317, 318
Acetaldehyde, 224, 279, 311
Acetamide, 196, 299
Acetic acid, 85, 139, 267, 295, 296,
308, 318
Acetone, 225, 282, 298, 300, 311
Acetone cyanohydrin, 174, 308, 319
Acetonitrile, 174, 298
3-(a-Acetonylbenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin
(see Warfarin)
Acetophenone, 282, 312
Acetophos, 206, 311, 319
ACP-M-569 (see Amitrole)
Acridine, 176, 281, 299
Acrolein, 225, 282, 301, 312, 319
Acrylic acid, 179, 308, 320
Acrylonitrile, 174, 301, 308, 320
Actusol, 246, 298
Adipic acid, 179
Adiponitrile, 175, 298, 300, 308, 319
Aldrin, 49, 126, 264, 295, 297, 303,
317
Algibiol, 248, 301
Alkylaryl sulfonate, 186
Alkylbenzene sulfonate (see ABS)
Alkylbenzene sulfonate, linear, 93,
297, 318
Alkyldimethyl benzylanmonium chloride,
172, 273, 300, 301, 302, 307, 322
Alkyldimethyl chlorobenzylammonium
chloride, 172, 300, 301, 302, 323
Alkyl sulfate, 184, 323
Alkyl sulfonate, 186
Allyl alcohol, 162, 305, 320
Allyl chloride, 153, 303
Alodan
2-Aminoethanol salt of 2',5-dichloro 4'-
nitrosalicylanilide (see Bayluscide)
2-Amino-5-naphthol-7-sulfonic acid
o-Aminophenol, 313
p-Aminophenol, 232, 313
4-Amino-m-toluene-sulfonic acid, 186,
300
Aminotriazole (see Amitrole)
4-Amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid
(see Picloram)
Amitrole, 176, 274, 301, 322
Amyl acetate, 190
Amyl alcohol, 162, 273, 298
Amylene, 152, 299
Aniline, 84, 137, 265, 295, 296, 307, 317
Anisole, 227, 301, 312, 322
Anthraquinone oc-sulfonate, Na, 187
Apholate, 167, 301, 320
Aramite, 190, 275, 301, 323
ATA (see Amitrole)
Atrazine, 176, 274, 288, 301, 323
Azinphosmethyl (see Guthion)
Apholate, 167
Tris(l-Aziridinyl) phosphine oxide (see
Tepa)
Azodrin, 206, 301, 319
B
Baron (see Erbon)
Bayer 73 (see Bayluscide)
Bayer 17147 (see Guthion)
Bayer 25141 (see Dasanit)
Bayer 37289 (see Trichloronate)
Baygon, 199, 301, 320
Bayluscide, 196, 301
Baytex (see Fenthion)
1,2-Benzanthracene, 95, 268, 297
Benzene, 232, 282, 299, 313, 324
Benzene Hexachloride, 51, 126, 249, 264,
297, 317
Benzethonium chloride, 172, 301
Benzidine, 84, 265, 295
S,S'-Benzylidene bis-(o,o-dimethyl phos-
phoro-dithioate) (see SD-7438)
3,4- and 10,11-Benzofluoranthene, 96,
297
11,12-Benzofluoranthene, 96, 297
Benzoic acid, 179, 282, 299, 308
Benzonitrile, 175, 298
1,12-Benzoperylene, 96, 268, 297
3,4,-Benzopyrene, 97, 268, 286, 295, 296,
297
Benzoquinone dioxime, 232, 313
Benzo [b] thien-4-yl methylcarbamate (see
Mobam)
BHC, 51, 126, 249, 264
y-BHC (see Lindane)
369
-------
Bidrin, 207, 292, 301, 319
Binapacryl, 190, 301, 320
Blast, 247. 302
0-(4-Bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl)0,0-
dimethyl phosphorothioate (see
Bromophos)
Bromophos, 207, 301, 322
1,4-Butanediol, 162, 299, 306, 322,
326
Butane, polychloro, 154, 301, 303,
322
a-[2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethoxy]-4,5-
(methylenedioxy)-2-propyltuluene
(see Plperonyl)
Butoxy polypropylene glycol, 245, 301,
315, 324
Butyl acetate, 190, 299, 300, 309, 323
Butyl alcohol, 162, 272, 298, 305, 323
Butyl biphenyl sulfonate, 187, 302, 323
4-tert-Butyl-2-chlorophenyl methyl
methylphosphoromidate (see Ruelene)
2-sec-Butyl—4,6-dinitrophenyl isopropyl
carbonate (see Dinobuton)
2-sec-Butyl-4,6-dinitrophenyl 3-methyl-
2-butenoate (see Binapacryl)
Butylene, 152, 299, 303
Butyl ether
Butyl mercaptan, 242, 298
Butyl mesityl oxide oxalate, 191, 301,
324
2-(p-tert Butylphenoxy)cyclohexyl 2-
propynyl sulfite (see Omite)
2-(p-tert-Butylphenoxy)-isopropyl 2-
chloroethylsulfite (see Aramite)
Butyl phenylphenol sulfonate, 187, 323
Butyl sulfonate, Na, 187
Butyl xanthogenate, 243, 299, 300, 315,
321
1,4-Butynediol, 163, 300, 306, 320, 325
Butyraldehyde, 225
Butyric acid, 86, 139, 179, 267, 295,
296, 308, 318
274
C56, 248, 301
Caproic acid, 86, 139, 179,
Caprolactam, 196, 276, 310
Captan, 197, 276, 289, 301, 323
Carbaryl, 199, 276, 290, 301, 310, 320
Carbathion, 202, 301, 310, 320, 325
Carbon disulfide, 243, 315, 320
Carbon tetrachloride, 154, 272, 298, 299
303, 324, 325
Carbophenothion, 207, 293, 301, 319
Catechol, 233, 283
Cetyldimethylethylammoniumbromide, 172,
274, 300, 301, 302, 320
Cheremkhovsk tar intermediate fraction,
233, 313, 322
Chevron NI-0, 247, 298
Chloramine
Chlordane, 53, 128, 249, 264, 295, 297,
303, 317
Chlorea (see Monuron)
Chlorenanthic acid, 179, 299, 323
Chlorfenvinfos, 207, 319
Chloroaniline, 237, 298, 301, 314, 320,
321, 325
Chlorobenzene, 314
p-Chlorobenzene sulfonate, Na, 187, 309
Chlorobenzilate, 191, 301, 322
2-Chloro-l,3-butadiene (see Chloroprene)
Chlorocyclohexane, 155, 303
2-Chloro-l-(2,4-dichlorophenyl) vinyl
diethyl phosphate (see Chlorfenvinfos)
2-Chloro-2-diethylcarbamoyl-l-methyl vinyl
dimethyl phosphate (see Phosphamidon)
2-Chloro-4-6-bis-ethylaminotriazine
(see Simazine)
2-Chloro-4-ethylamino 6-isopropylamine
S-triazine (see Atrazine)
Chloroform, 155, 272, 288, 298, 323
Chloro IPC (see Chlorpropham)
0-(2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl)0,0-dimethyl
phosphorothioate (see Dicapthon)
0-(3-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl)0,0-dimethyl
phosphorothioate (see Chlorthion)
Chloronitrocyclohexane, 161, 298, 305, 325
5-Chloro-6-oxo-2-norboranecarbonitrlle 0-
(methylcarbamoyl) oxime (see Tranid)
Chloropelargonic acid, 180, 299, 323
Chlorophenol, 233, 298
bis(p-Chlorophenoxy)methane (see Neotran)
bis(Chlorophenyl) acetic acid (see DBA)
Chlorophenyl chlorobenzene sulfonate, 309
3-(p-Chlorophenyl)-l,l-dimethylurea (see
Monuron)
1,1-bis(p-Chlorophenyl)-2-nitropropane and
butane mixture (see Dilan)
370
-------
S-([(p-Chlorophenyl)thio]methyl}0,0-
dimethyl phosphorodithioate (see
Methyl trithion)
S-{[(p-Chlorophenyl)thio]methyl}0,0-
diethyl phosphorodithioate (see
Trithion)
1,1-bis(p-Chlorophenyl)2,2,2-
trichloroethanol (see Dicofol)
Chlorophos, 311
Chloroprene s 303
Chloropropham, 200, 277, 291, 301, 310,
322
2-Chlorotoluene-4-sulfonate, Na, 187
2-Chlorotoluene-5-sulfonate, Na, 187
2-Chloro-l-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl)
vinyl dimethyl phosphate (see
Gardona)
Chloroundecanoic acid, 180, 299, 324
Choline chloride, 172
Chlorthion, 208, 301, 321
Chrysene, 99, 269
Ciodrin, 208, 301, 320
Citric acid, 180, 300
CMU (see Monuron)
Co-Ral (see Coumaphos)
Corexit 7664, 247, 298
Coumaphos, 208, 301, 319
Crag fly repellent (see Butoxy poly-
propheneglycol)
Crag herbicide (see DCU)
Crag herbicide 1 (see Sesone)
Carg mylone (see Dazomet)
Cresol, 100, 145, 271, 295, 318
Cresyl dithiophosphate, 209, 299, 300,
311
Cresylic acid (see Cresol)
Cyanuric acid, 176, 308
Cyclohexane, 152, 298, 303, 323, 325
Cyclohexanol, 163, 298, 306, 322, 325
Cyclohexanone, 225, 282, 298, 312
Cyclohexanone oxime, 225
Cyclohexene, 152, 298, 302
Cygon (see Dimethoate)
D
2,4-D, 86, 140, 267, 285, 297, 308, 317
Dalapon, 180, 301, 308, 323
Dasanit, 209, 301, 319
Dazomet, 203, 301, 321
2,4-DB, 181, 301, 308
DBCP, 155
DBD (see Guthion)
DCU, 205, 301, 323
DDA, 181, 321
DDD, 103, 147, 255, 269, 286, 295, 297,
317
DDE, 109, 148, 256, 295, 297, 318
DDT, 114, 148, 257, 269, 286, 295, 297,
314, 317
DDVP (see Dichlorvos)
Decachlorooctahydro-1,3,4-metheno-2H-
cyclobuta(CD)pentalen-2-one) (see
Kepone)
Decylbenzene sulfonate, Na, 187, 275,
302, 323
Deet (see Diethyltoluamide)
Def, 95, 144, 295, 317
Delnav (see Dioxathion)
Delrad, 181, 301, 322
Demeton, 209, 292, 301, 311, 319
2,4TDep, 191, 301, 319
Dessin (see Dinobuton)
bis(Dialkoxyphosphinothioyl)disulfides
(see Phostex)
S-[(4,6-Diamino-s-triazin-2-yl)methyl]
0,0-dimethyl phosphorodithioate (see
Menazon)
Diazinon, 210, 292, 301, 320
Diazobutylamine, 167, 306
1,2,5,6-Dibenzanthracene, 99, 269, 286
Dibrom (see Naled)
l,2-Dibromo-2,2-dlchloroethyl dimethyl
phosphate (see Naled)
Dibromo-heptafluoroisobutyl methyl ether,
227, 298, 322
Dibutylamine, 167, 321
Dibutyl phthalate, 191, 275, 279, 312,
322
Dicapthon, 210, 293, 301, 320
Dichlobenil (see 2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile)
Dichlone, 233, 301, 322
2,5-Dichloroaniline, 307, 323
3,4-Dichloroaniline, 171, 238, 307, 321,
325
p-Dichlorobenzene, 238, 280, 301, 321
2,5-Dichlorobenzene sulfonate, Na, 188
2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile, 85, 138, 297,
317
Dichlorobutane, 156, 299, 304
Dichlorobutene, 304
371
-------
1,l-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)
ethane (see DDD)
1,l-Dichloro-2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)
ethylene (see DDE)
Dichlorocyclohexane, 156, 304, 321
Dichloroethane, 156, 322
1,l-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p-ethylphenyl)
ethane (see Perthane)
1,2-Dichlorohexafluoro-1-cyclohexene,
157, 304
1,2-Dichlorohexafluorocyclopentene-1,
157, 299, 304, 320, 325
Dichlorohydrin, 163, 306, 320
Dichloromethane, 157, 281, 299, 304, 324
Dichloronaphthoquinone (see Dichlone)
Dichlorophenol, 313
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (see
2,4-D)
3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl
urea (see Diuron)
2,2-Dichloropropionic acid (see
Dalapon)
2,2-Dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate
(see Dichlorvos)
Dichlorvos, 211, 293, 301, 319
Dicofol, 238, 301
Dicyanodiamide, 197, 310
Dieldrin, 54, 129, 250, 264, 284, 295,
297, 304
Diethanolamine, 167, 306, 322
Diethylamine, 84, 135, 281, 295, 307,
317, 321
0,0-Diethyl 0- (3-'chloro-4-methyl-2-
oxo-2H-l-benzopyran-7-yl) phosphoro-
thioate (see Coumaphos)
Diethylchlorthiophos, 311
Diethyl dithiocarbamate, Na, 203
Diethyl dithiophosphoric acid, 211,
301, 311, 322
Diethylene glycol, 163, 273, 299, 300,
306, 325
Diethyl ether, 227, 312
0,0-Diethyl S-[2-(ethylthio)ethyl]
phosphorodithioate (see Disulfoton)
0,0-Diethyl S-[(ethylthio) methyl] phos-
phorodithioate (see Phorate)
0,0-Diethyl 0-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl-
6-pyrimidinyl) phosphorothioate (see
Diazinon)
Diethyl maleate, 191, 301, 309, 322
Diethyl mercury, 244, 298, 315, 320,
324
0,0-Diethyl-0-[p(methylsufinyl)phenyl]
phosphorothioate (see Dasanit)
0,0-Diethyl-O-p-nitrophenyl phosphoro-
thionate (see Parathion)
0,0-Diethyl-O-p-nitrophenyl phosphate
(see Paraoxon)
0,0-Diethyl-0-2-pyrazinyl phosphorothioate
(see Thionazin)
Diethyl toluamide, 197, 301, 323
0,0-Diethyl 0-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl)
phosphorothioate (see Dursban)
3,9-Diethyl-tridecyl-6-sulfonate, 184,
302, 321
6,7-Dihydrodipyrido[1,2a:2'1'c]pyrazinedium
bromide (see Diquat)
Diisopropylamine, 168, 298, 307, 321, 325
Diisopropyl dithiophosphate, K, 211, 299,
311
3,5-Diisopropylphenyl N-methylcarbamate
(see HRS-1422)
Dilan, 239, 301, 321
Dimethoate, 211, 311, 319
2,2-Di-(p-methoxypheny1)-1,1,1-trichlor-
ethane (see Methoxychlor)
Dimethrin, 192, 301, 323
Dimethylamine, 84, 135, 295, 307, 317,
320, 325
4-(Dimethylamino)-m-tolyl methylcarbamate
(see Matacil)
4-(Dimethylamino)-3,5-xylyl methyl-
carbamate (see Zectran)
Dimethylaniline
0,0-Dimethyl S[4-oxo-l,2,3-benzotriazin-
3(4H)-ylmethyl]phosphorodithioate (see
Guthion)
Dimethyl carbate, 192, 301, 322
0,0-Dimethyl-S-(1,2-dicarbethoxyethyl)
phosphorodithionate (see Malathion)
DimethyIdioxane, 227, 321
1,1'-Dimethyl-4,4'-dipyridinium di-
(methyl sulfate) (see Paraquat)
Dimethyldithiocarbamate, NH^, 203, 310,
321, 326
Dimethyldithiophosphoric acid, 212, 311
0,0-Dimethyl-3-ethyImercaptoethyl
dithiophos (see Methyl demeton)
Dimethylformamide, 197, 298, 310, 326
Dimethyllaurylbenzylammonium bromide
(see Sterinol)
0,0-Dimethyl S-(N-methylcarbamoyl methyl)
phosphorodithioate (see Dimethoate)
372
-------
0,0-Dimethyl 0-[4-(methylthio)-m-
tolyl] phosphorothioate (see Fenthion)
0,0-Dimethyl 0-p-nitrophenyl phos-
phorothioate (see Methyl parathion)
D ime thyIpheno1
Dimethylphenylcarbinol, 164, 298, 306,
323, 325
Dimethylphthalate, 192
0,0-Dimethyl S-phthalimidomethyl
phosphorodithioate (see Imidan)
Dimethyl resorcinols, 234, 299, 313, 322
Dimethyl sulfide, 243, 298, 315, 323
Dimethylsulfoxide, 243, 324
Dimethylterephthalate, 192, 309
bis(Dimethyl thiocarbamoyl) ethylene
bis(dithiocarbamate) (see Triaram)
bis(Dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
(see Thiram)
Dimethyl (2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxy-
ethyl) phosphate (see Trichlorfon)
0,0-Dimethyl 0-2,4,5-trichlorophenyl
phosphorothioate (see Ronnell)
Dimetilan, 200, 301, 319
p-Dinitrobenzene, 241, 319
Dinitrocresol, 234, 301, 319
2,4-Dinitrophenol, 279, 301, 313, 319,
325
Dinitrotoluene, 241, 300
Dinitrotoluol (see Dinitrotoluene)
Dlnobuton, 192, 301
Dinoseb, 201, 320
Dinoterb acetate
Dioctylphthalate, 309
Dioctyl succinate sulfonate, 188, 323
Dioxane, 279
S, S'-p-Dioxane-2,3-diyl-O,0-diethyl
phosphorodithioate (see Dioxathion)
Dioxathion, 212, 301, 319
Diphacinone, 225, 301, 319
2-(Diphenylacetyl)-1,3-indandione
(see Diphacinone)
Diphenylolpropane, 234, 313
Dipterex (see Trichlorfon)
Diquat, 173, 301, 321
Disodium ethylene bis-dithiocarbamate
(see Nabam)
Disulfoton, 212, 301, 319
Disyston (see Disulfoton)
Diuron, 205, 278, 292, 301, 323
DNBP (see Dinoseb)
DNOC (see Dinitrocresol)
Dodecachlorooctahydro-1,3,4-metheno-2H-
cyclobuta (cd) pentalene (see Mirex)
Dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 188, 275, 302,
323
Dodecyldiphenyl ether sulfonate, 188, 322
Dowpon (see Dalapon)
Drione, 193, 301
Dursban, 213, 320
Dylox (see Trichlorfon)
E-314, 247, 298
EDB (see Ethylene dibromide)
Endosulfan, 66, 130, 265, 297, 317
Endothall, 182, 288, 301, 319
Endrin, 66, 130, 253, 284, 295, 297, 304,
417
Entex (see Fenthion)
Epichlorhydrin, 228, 298, 320, 325
EPN, 293, 301, 319
Erbon, 239
Ethion, 213, 301, 319
Ethyl acetate, 193, 275, 323
Ethyl alcohol, 164, 273, 300
Ethylamine, 84, 136, 271, 295, 307, 317,
321
Ethylbenzene, 242, 315
2-Ethylbutylamine, 168
Ethyl 4,4'-dichlorobenzilate (see Chloro-
benzilate)
Ethylene, 152, 298, 299, 300, 302
Ethylenediamine, 168, 322
Ethylene dibromide, 158, 281, 288, 320
Ethylene dichloride, 158, 321
Ethylene glycol, 164, 273, 306, 324, 325
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 273
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, 273, 306
Ethylhexanediol, 164, 281, 301, 323
2-Ethylhexyl sulfate, 184, 322
Ethylmercuric chloride, 245, 294, 315,
320, 325
7-Ethyl-2-methyl-undecyl-4-sulfate, 184,
302, 321
0-Ethyl-O-p-nitrophenyl phenylphosphoro-
thioate (see EPN)
Ethyl phenylphenol sulfonate, 189, 302,
323
S[(2-Ethylsulfinyl)ethyl]0,0-dimethyl
phosphorothioate (see Oxydemetonmethyl)
373
-------
0-Ethyl 0-2,4,5-trichlorophenyl
ethyl phosphorothioate (see
Trlchloronate)
F-98 (see Acrolein)
Fatty acyl sorbitan EO-20, 228, 302,
324
Fenac, 88, 140, 297, 318
Fenitrothion (see Sumlthion)
Fenthion, 214, 301, 320
Fenuron, 205, 301, 324
Ferbam, 203, 277, 391, 301, 323
Fermate (see Ferbam)
Fluoranthene, 99, 271, 297
FO-300B, 247, 298
Folex, 214, 301, 322
Formaldehyde, 226, 282, 294, 299, 300,
312, 322
Formate (see Formic acid)
Formic acid, 88, 140, 295, 296, 309, 318
Freon 253, 158, 304, 320, 325
Fulvic acid, 88
Furan, 228, 300, 312, 325
Furfural, 226, 298, 299, 301, 312, 320
Gamlen-CW, 247
Gardona, 214, 301, 322
Glucose, 83, 265
Glutaric acid, 182
Guaiacol, 235, 283, 299
Guthion, 214, 293, 301, 319
H
HCB (see Hexachlorane)
HCE (see Heptachlor epoxide)
Hempa, 197, 301, 323
Heptachlor, 72, 132, 254, 265, 295,
297, 304, 317
Heptachlor epoxide, 76, 253, 265, 297,
304
Heptachloronorbornene, 80, 295
l,4,5,6,7,8,8a-Heptachloro-3a,4,7a-
tetrahydro-4,7-methanoindene (see
Heptachlor)
Heptafluoroisobutylene methyl ether,
228, 322
Heptane, 153, 298
Heptyl alcohol, 164, 306, 325
Hercules 528 (see Dioxathion)
Hercules 9699, 215, 301, 320
Hexachlorane, 124
Hexachlorobenzene, 239, 314
Hexachlorobutadiene, 158, 301, 304, 320,
325
Hexachlorobutane
1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane (see
Lindane)
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene, 158, 299, 304,
321
Hexachloroethane, 159, 299, 301, 304, 323
l,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro-l,4,4a,5,8,8a-
hexahydro-1,4,5,8-endo-endo dimethanona-
phthalene (see Isodrin)
l,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro-l,4,4a,5,8,8a-
hexahydro-1,4-endo-exo-5,8-dimethano-
naphthalene (see Aldrin)
6,7,8,9,10,10-Hexachloro-l,5,5a,6,9,9a-
hexahydro-6-9wmethano-2,3,4-benzo-
dioxathiepin-3-oxide (see Endosulfan)
Hexachloronorbornadiene, 80, 295
l,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro-6,7-epoxy-l,4,
4a,5,6,7,8,8a-oxtahydro-l,4-endo-endo~
5,8-dimethanonaphthalene (see Endrin)
1,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro-6,7-epoxy,1,4,
4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1,4-endo-exo-
5,8-dimethanonaphthalene (see Dieldrin)
Hexafluoropropyl methyl ether, 229, 324
Hexamethylenediamine, 168, 300, 307
Hexamethylenediamine adipate, 168, 273,
300, 307
Hexamethylphosphoric triamide (see Hempa)
Hexyl alcohol, 165
Hexylamine, 169
Holl-Chem 622, 247, 298
HRS-1422, 215, 320
Hyamine 1622 (see Benzethorium chloride)
Hydrazine hydrate, 307
Hydroquinone, 235, 300, 313, 321
3-Hydroxy-N,N-dimethylcrotonamide dimethyl
phosphate (see Bidrin)
3-Hydroxy-N-methyl-cis-crotonamide dimethyl
phosphate (see Azodrin)
2-Hydroxysimazine, 177, 326
374
-------
Imidan, 215, 293, 301, 320
Indalone (see Butyl mesityl oxide
oxalate)
Indeno[l,2,3-cd]pyrene, 99, 297
IPC, 200, 277, 291, 301, 310, 322
Isobutyl alcohol, 165, 300, 306
Isobutylene, 153, 299, 303
Isobutyric acid, 88
Isodrin, 80, 132, 295, 297, 317
Isolan, 200, 277, 301, 319
Isoprene, 153, 299, 303, 325
Isopropylamine, 169, 301, 307, 321, 326
Isopropyl-N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate
(see Ch.loropropb.am)
Isopropyl-N-phenyl carbamate (see IPC)
0-Isopropoxyphenyl-N-methyl carbamate
(see Baygon)
l-Isopropyl-3~methylpyrazol<~5^yl di~
methylcarbamate (see Isolan)
Isopropylmethyl phosphoryl fluoride
(see Sarin)
Isopropylnaphthalene sulfonate, Na, 189,
275, 302, 323
Isoquinoline, 177
Isovaleric acid, 89
Jan-Solv-60, 247, 298
K
Karbofos (see Malathion)
Kelthane (see Dicotol)
Kepone, 159, 301, 320
Kuron (see Silvex)
Lactic acid, 182, 274, 300, 309
Lactonitrile, 175, 298
LAS (see Alkyl benzene sulfonate,
linear)
Laurie diethanolamide sulfonate, 185,
302, 323
Lauryl alcohol EO, 229, 302
Lauryl alcohol sulfate EO, 185, 302, 322
Lauryl glyceryl ether sulfonate, 302, 323
Lauryl glyceryl sulfate, 185
Lauryl imidazoline, 173, 302, 323
Lauryl sulfate, 185, 302, 322
Lethane 384, 175, 301, 320
Lindane, 81, 128, 133, 255, 265, 284, 297
304, 317
M
Malaoxon, 216, 319
Malathion, 216, 278, 293, 301, 311, 319
Maleic acid, 182, 298, 309
Maleic anhydride, 182, 309
Malonic acid, 182
Matacil, 200, 301, 319
MCPB, 182, 301, 321
Menazon, 218, 301, 322
e-Mercaptodiethylamine, 169, 301, 307
Mercaptophos (see Demeton)
Merphos (see Folex)
Mesurol, 201, 301, 320
Metaphos (see Methyl parathion)
Metepa, 198, 89, 01, 320
Methacrylamide, 198, 310, 321
Metham, 203, 301, 320
Methane, 49, 126, 295, 296
Methomyl, 201
Methoxychlor, 239, 280, 301, 314, 323
Methoxy polypropylene glycol, 246, 300,
315, 325
Methylacetophos, 218, 311, 319
Methyl alcohol, 165, 298, 306
Methylamine, 84, 136, 295, 307, 319, 325
Tris(2-Methyl-l-aziridinyl) phosphine
oxide (see Metepa)
Methyl benzoate, 193, 309, 323
a-Methylbenzyl 3-hydroxycrotonate dimethyl
phosphate (see Ciodrin)
Methyl-demeton, 218, 293, 311, 320
Methyldithiocarbamate, Na (see
Carbathion)
Methylethylketone, 226, 279, 298, 312, 323
Methyl hexafluoro-2-bromobutyrate, 193,
298, 322
Methyl hexafluoroisobutyrate, 193, 321
Methyl 3-hydroxy-a-crotonate dimethyl
phosphate (see Mevinphos)
Methyl mercapton, 243, 300
375
-------
S-Methyl-N-(methylcarbamoyloxy)thio-
acetamidate, 301
(2-Methyl-2-methylthio)propionaldehyde
0-(methylcarbamoyl)oxime (see
Temik)
Methylmercurlc chloride, 125, 151, 287,
296, 297, 317
Methylolmethacrylamide, 198, 321
Methylparathlon, 219, 293, 301, 311, 319
Methyl perfluoromethacrylate, 193, 320
6-Methyl-2,3-quinoxalinedithiol cyclic
S,S'-dithiocarbonate (see Morestan)
Methylsiliconate, Na, 246, 316, 323
Methylstyrene, 242, 315, 323
Methyl systox (see Methyl-demeton)
Methyl tetrafluoropropionate, 194, 298,
323
4-(Methylthio)-3,5-xylyl methylcarbamate
(see Mesurol)
2-(Methylthio)~4,6-bis(isopropylamino)-
S-triazine (see Prometryne)
Methyl trithion, 219, 301
Methyl zimate (see Ziram)
Mevinphos, 219, 301, 319
MGK Repellent 11, 226, 301, 323
MGK 264, 198, 398, 323
MGK Repellent 326, 194, 302, 324
Mirex, 159, 272, 302, 321
Mobam, 201, 302, 320
Monochlorohydrin, 165, 306, 320
Monoethanolamine, 169, 298, 300, 302,
322, 324
Monuron, 205, 278, 292, 302, 323
Morestan, 177, 322
Morpholine, 177, 300, 322
Mustard gas, 244, 283, 319
N
Nabam, 204, 277, 291, 302
Naled, 220, 301, 320
Naphthalene, 232, 279, 299, 313, 323
Naphthol, 235, 279, 283, 294, 299,
302, 313, 320, 325
1,4-Naphthoquinone, 236, 313
Naphthylamine, 85, 266, 295
1-Naphthyl N-methylcarbamate (see
Carbaryl)
Nemagon (see DBCP)
Neotran, 229, 302, 324
Nicotine, 177, 281, 302, 319
Nitroaniline, 171, 321, 322
Nitrobenzene, 241, 298, 314, 322
mrvNitrobenzene sulfonate, Na, 189
Nitrochlorobenzene, 125, 150, 314, 317
4<-Nitrochlorobenzene-2-sulfonate, Na
Nitrocyclohexane, 161, 305
Nitromethane, 162, 305, 322
Nitroethane, 161, 322
Nitrophenol, 236, 321
4-Nitrotoluene-2-sulfonate, Na, 189
Nitrotoluol, 236, 313
Nonyl alcohol, 165, 306, 325
Nonyl phenol EO, 229, 302, 322
Norsulfazole, (see Sulfathiazole)
l,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-0ctochloro-2,3,3a,4,7,
7a-hexahydro-4,7-metanoindene (see
Chlordane)
Octafluoroisobutyl methyl ether, 229,
298, 322
Octamethylpyrophosphoramide (see Schradan)
Octylphenol EO, 229, 323
Oleoylmethyl tauride, 190, 299, 323
Oleyl alcohol EO, 165, 302, 323
Omite, 194, 320
OMPA (see Schradan)
OP-7 (see Polyethyleneglycolakylphenyl
ether)
OP-10 (see Polyethyleneglycolakylphenyl
ether)
OPS-B (see Butoxy polypropheneglycol)
OPS-M (see Methoxy polypropylene glycol)
Orthocide (see Captan)
Ovex, 194, 276, 288, 302, 323
Ovotran (see Ovex)
Oxalic acid, 183
Oxydemetonmethyl, 220, 302, 319
Oxydipropionitrile, 175, 298
Paraoxon, 220, 302, 319
Paraquat, 173, 302, 320
Parathion, 221, 293, 311, 319
Pentachlorophenolate, Na, 146, 269, 317
376
-------
Pentachlorophenol, 110, 146, 269, 286,
317
4-(p-tolyl)-l-Pentanol, 167, 300
Perf]uoroisobutenyl ethyl ether, 230,
299, 312, 320, 325
Perthane, 240, 280, 302, 323
Petrollte W-1439, 247, 298
Phenanthrene, 232, 283, 313, 322
Phenol, 101, 146, 295, 296, 297,
313
Phenols (shale) (see Dimethyl
resorcinols)
Phenylamine (see Aniline)
3-Phenyl-l,l-dimethylurea (see Fenuron)
p-Phenylenediamine (see Ursol)
Phenyl ether, 95, 296
Phenylhydrazine, 170, 281, 298, 299, 300,
302, 306, 320
Phorate, 221, 302, 319
Phosdrin (see Mevinphos)
Phosphamidon, 222, 293, 302, 319
Phostex, 244, 302, 320
Phthalic acid, 183, 282, 309, 322
Phygonyl (see Dichlone)
Picloram, 178
Picoline, 177, 300, 308, 3 9
Pindone (see Pival)
Pinene, polychloro, 159, 302, 305, 326
Pine oil, 165, 299, 306
Piperonyl butoxide, 230, 279, 302, 324
Pival, 226, 302, 320
2-Pivalyl-l,3-indandione (see Pival)
Polycomplex A-ll, 247
Polyethyleneglycolakylphenyl ethers,
302, 312
Poly(ethylhydrosiloxane), 246, 316
Polymethacrylate, cationic, 246, 316
Polystyrene, cationic, 246, 316, 322
Prolate (see Imidan)
Prometryne, 178, 323
Propham (see IPC)
Propionate, 89, 140
Propionic acid (see Propionate)
Propyl alcohol, 165, 273, 300, 323
Propyl benzene, 315
Propylene, 153, 298, 300, 303
Propyl isotne, 194, 276, 298, 323
2-(2-Propynyloxy)phenyl N-methyl-
carbamate (see Hercules 9699)
Pyrene, 100, 145, 271, 297, 313, 318
Pyrethrins, 195, 276, 302, 320
Pyridine, 85, 138, 267, 295, 296, 308
Pyrocatechol, 101, 147, 295, 296, 297,
318
Pyrogallol, 236, 283, 299, 300, 319
Quaternary ammonium chloride, 173, 302,
307, 322
Quaternary pyridinium, 173, 302, 320
Quinaldine, 178, 299, 322
Quinoline, 178, 299
Quinone, 236, 299, 300, 313, 320
R
Rogor (see Dimethoate)
Ronnell, 94, 144, 297, 318
Rosolic acid, 236, 299
Rotenone, 230, 279, 302, 320
Ruelene, 222, 302, 321
Rutgers 612 (see Ethyl hexanediol)
Saponin, 231, 298, 312, 325
Sarin, 222
Schradan, 222, 302, 319
SD-7438, 223, 302
SD-8530, 201, 302, 320
Seasweep, 247, 298
Sesame oil, 195, 298, 323
Sesone, 186, 302, 321
Sevin (see Carbaryl)
Shell D-50, 248, 302
Silvex, 89, 141, 297, 317
Simazine, 178, 274, 288, 302, 323, 326
Sodium N-methyl dithiocarbamate (see
Metham)
Soricide tetraminol, 248, 302
Spill-X, 248, 298
Stearoyl EO, 195, 302, 324
Stearyl alcohol EO, 231
Sterinol, 174, 302, 320
Sterox, 302
Streptomycin, 166, 281, 300, 306, 320
Strobane, 159, 272, 302, 320
Strychnine, 179, 302
377
-------
Sulfadimesine, 310
Sulfaguanidine, 276, 310
Sulfanilamide, 198, 276, 310,.324
Sulfathiazole, 198, 310
Sulfoxide, 244, 298, 321
Sumithion, 223, 302, 320
Systox (see Demeton)
2,4,5-T, 90, 141, 267, 285, 309
Tabutrex, 195, 302, 324
Tannic acid, 183, 274
2,3,5-TBA, 183, 302, 321
2,3,6-TBA, 183, 302, 322
TCA, 183
IDE (see DDD)
Tedion, 125, 270, 286
Temik, 201, 302, 319
Tepa, 199, 289, 302, 319
TEPP, 223, 302, 319
Terephthalic acid, 89
Terpene polychlorinates (see Strobane)
Terpineol, 166, 299, 306
Tetrachlorobenzene, 240, 302, 314, 322,
325
Tetrachlorocatechol, 237, 300
Tetrachloroethane, 159, 272, 299, 302,
305, 322
Tetrachloroethylene, 160, 272, 298
Tetrachloroheptane, 160, 298, 305, 321
Tetrachlorononane, 160, 298, 305, 322
Tetrachloropentane, 160, 305, 321
Tetrachloropropane, 160, 305, 321
Tetrachloroundecane, 161, 305
Tetraethyl lead, 245, 298, 315
Tetraethyl pyrophosphate (see TEPP)
O.O.O'.O'-Tetraethyl-S.S'-methylene bis
phosphorodithioate (see Ethion)
Tetraethyl tin, 245, 315, 319, 325
Tetradifon (see Tedion)
Tetrahydrofuran, 231, 312
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, 166, 300,
306
0,0,0',0'-Tetramethyl 0,0'-thio di-p-
phenylene phosphorothioate (see
Abate)
Thanite, 176, 322
Thiodan (see Endosulfan)
Thiometon (see Methyl-demeton)
Thionazin, 223, 302, 319
Thiophene, 244, 299, 315
Thlophos (see Parathion)
Thiram, 204, 278, 291, 302
Tiguvon (see Fenthion)
Toluene, 242, 280, 299, 315, 324
Toxaphene, 83, 134, 297, 305, 317
2,4,5-TP (see Silvex)
Tranid, 202, 302, 319
Triaram, 204, 302
Tributyl phosphate, 223, 311, 322
Tributyl phosphorotrithioite, (see Folex)
S,S,S-Tributyl phosphorotrithioate (see
Def)
Trichlorfon, 224, 302, 321
Trichloroacetic acid (see TCA)
Trichlorobenzene, 241, 299, 314
Trichlorobenzoic acid (see 2,3,5-TBA
and 2,3,6-TBA)
1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)
ethane (see DDT)
Trichloroethylene, 161, 281, 298, 305,
324
N~Trichloromethylmercapto-4-cyclo-
hexene-l,2-dicarboximide (see Captan)
Trichloronate, 224, 302, 319
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic ac id
(see 2,4,5-T)
2-(2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy) ethyl 2,2-
dichloropropionate (see Erbon)
2,3,6-Trichlorophenylacetic acid (see
Fenac)
Triethanolamine, 170, 299, 307, 324
Triethylamine, 170, 321
Trifluorochloropropane (see Freon 253)
3,4,5-Trimethylphenyl methyl carbamate
(see SD-8530)
Trithion (see Carbophenothion)
Trolene (see Ronnell)
U
Urea, 205, 310, 324
Ursol, 171, 299, 307, 325
VA-102 (see Polymethacrylate, cationic)
VA-2 (see Polystyrene, cationic)
378
-------
VA-3 (see Polystyrene, cationic)
Valeric acid, 89, 141
Vapam (see Metham)
Vetluzhsk oil, 237, 300, 313, 321, 326
Vinyl acetate, 195, 309, 323
X
Xylene, 241, 283, 298, 299, 314, 323
W
Warfarin, 196, 302, 319
Weedazol (see Amitrole)
Weedex (see 2,4-D)
Zectran, 202, 277, 291, 302, 319
Zinc ethylene bis(dithiocarbamate) (see
Zineb)
Zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate (see Ziram)
Zineb, 204, 278, 302, 322
Ziram, 204, 278, 302
379
-------
Accession Number
W
A I Subject Field & Group
SELECTED WATER RESOURCES ABSTRACTS
INPUT TRANSACTION FORM
Organization
Arthur D. Little, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
Life Sciences Division
Tltlo
Water Quality Criteria Data Book, Vol. 1 - Organic Chemical Pollution of
Freshwater
1 0 1 Authot{8)
Davis, Thomas R. A.
Burg, Alan W.
Neumeyer, John L.
Butters, Kathleen M.
Wadler, Bella D.
M.D.
PhD.
PhD.
A.B.
M.S.
'O |
18010DPV
2| I JVoto
22
Citation
December, 1970. 379 pp., 16 tab, 577 ref.
23
Deac'riptora (Starred First)
*0rganic Compounds, *Fresh Water, *Water Pollution Sources, *Water Quality,
*Toxicity, Human Pathology, Animal Pathology, Public Health, Water Pollution
Effects
25
Identifiers (Starred First)
*Acute Toxicity, *Chronic Toxicity, *Carcinogenicity, Mutagenicity,
Teratogenicity, Tissue Concentrations
27
Abstract
Four hundred, ninety six organic chemicals have been reported to "be found or are
suspected to be in fresh water. Of these, sixty six have been identified. As
might be expected, evidence which directly relates the presence of organic
chemicals in fresh water with human health is generally lacking.
Industrial sources were responsible for the largest number and variety of
structural types of organic chemical pollutants. Reported agricultural sources
of pollutants were all pesticides and domestic sources were all detergents.
Animal toxicity consisted mainly of acute toxicity data. Pesticides were shown
to be the most acutely toxic organic chemicals in water and only methyl mercuric
chloride was found to be more toxic. Although the information on chronic threshold
doses was insufficient for meaningful interpretation, the organometallics ranked
high in chronic toxicity effects.
Of one hundred twenty compounds examined for carcinogenicity in animals, 22.5
percent were positive. Of thirty two compounds examined for teratogenicity in
animals, 62.5 percent were positive. Although there is no proven chemical mutagen
for man, all showed some effects on genetic material.
Factual information upon which quality criteria of water can be rationally
based is generally lacking.
Abstractor
Thomas R. A. Davis, M.D.
IftNlitiilion
Arthur D. Little, Inc.
WR:ID2 (REV. JUI_r 19691
WRSIC
SEND, WITH COPY OF DOCUMENT. VO: WATER RESOURCES SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION CENTER
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
WASHINGTON. O. C. 20240
O GPO : 1911 O - 442- 9«3 I
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