^ WATER POLLUTION CONTROL RESEARCH SERIES
16080DF001/71
   /ATKP
     WATER QUALITY CONTROL
            THROUGH
       FLOW AUGMENTATION
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY • WATER QUALITY OFFICE

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               WATER POLLUTION CONTROL RESEARCH SERIES
The Water Pollution Control Research Reports describe the results and
progress in the control and abatement of pollution in our Nation's waters.
They provide a central source of information on the research,  development,
and demonstration activities in the Water Quality Office, in the
Environmental Protection Agency, through inhouse research and  grants and
contracts with Federal, State, and local agencies, research institutions,
and industrial organizations.

Inquiries pertaining to Water Pollution Control Research Reports should be
directed to the Head, Project Reports System, Planning and Resources
Office, Office of Research and Development, Environmental Protection Agency,
Water Quality Office, Room 1108, Washington, D. C.  20242.

 - about our cover

   The cover illustration depicts a city in which man's activities coexist
   in harmony with the natural environment.  The Water Quality Control
   Research Program has as its objective the development of the water
   quality control technology that will make such cities possible.
   Previously issued reports on the Water Quality Control Research
   Program include:

   Report Number                        Title

   16080	06/69    Hydraulic and Mixing Characteristics of Suction
                      Manifolds

   16080	10/69    Nutrient Removal from Enriched Waste Effluent by
                      the Hydroponic Culture of Cool  Season Grasses

   16080DRX10/69    Stratified Reservoir Currents

   16080	11/69    Nutrient Removal from Cannery Wastes by Spray
                      Irrigation of Grassland

   16080DW07/70    Development of Phosphate-free Home Laundry Detergents

   16080	10/70    Induced Hypolimnion Aeration for  Water Quality
                      Improvement of Power Releases

   16080DWP11/70    Induced Air Mixing of Large Bodies of Polluted Water

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     WATER QUALITY CONTROL THROUGH FLOW AUGMENTATION
                     Biology Department
                     Heidelberg College
                       Tiffin, Ohio
                            for the
               ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                    WATER QUALITY OFFICE
                    Program 16080      UFO
                       January, 1971
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price $1.60,
                          Stock Number 8501-0133

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                EPA Review Notice
This report has been reviewed by the Water
Quality Office, EPA, and approved for publication.
Approval does not signify that the contents
necessarily reflect the views and policies of
the Environmental Protection Agency, nor does
mention of trade names or commercial products
constitute endorsement or recommendation for
use.
                   ii

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                         ABSTRACT
To  evaluate  effects of flow augmentation from upground  reservoirs
on water  quality,  studies of the relationship between water quality
and flow volume were undertaken in a 60-mile section of  the
Sandusky  River in North Central Ohio.

Chemicals such  as calcium, magnesium,  fluoride  and sodium,
which  enter  the  river primarily as components of ground  and sur-
face runoff water, had lower concentrations at high flow volumes
and higher concentrations  during low flow  periods.  In contrast,
for most  river sections concentrations  of  total phosphorus and
soluble orthophosphorus were lower during low flow periods  and
increased as flow volume  increased.   These  increases in phos-
phorus concentration  were probably due  to  agricultural surface
runoff.  Immediately downstream from sewage treatment  plants,
orthophosphorus  concentrations  did increase with decreasing  river
flow.   During most of  the study period the total  phosphorus  flux
at the downstream station was  much  less  than the  total  upstream
input  from  sewage treatment plants.   Nitrate  and potassium
concentrations were  variable and showed no correlation  with river
flow.

Oxygen concentrations were near saturation at medium and high
flows  but varied  widely above and  below  saturation  at low flows.
It was concluded that in most river sections  algal respiration
rather than  B. O. D.  was  responsible  for low  D. O. values.  It is
predicted that flow augmentation will significantly reduce  algal
growth in  the stream.   This effect would  probably arise from
increased  flow velocity rather  than dilution of  algal nutrients.

This  report was  submitted in fulfillment  of Grant 16080  DFO
under the  sponsorship of the Environmental Protection Agency.

Keywords:   Water Quality, Water  Analysis, Flow Augmentation,
             Water Management, Reservoirs,  Nutrients,  River flow,
             Water Pollution Sources, Sandusky River, North Central
             Ohio.
                              111

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                      CONTENTS
Section

   I   Summary and Conclusions                            1

   II   Recommendations                                    5

  III   Introduction                                          7
           Project Background                              7
           Original Study Plan                              9

  IV   The Study Area                                     13

   V   Methods                                            17
           Sampling Procedures                            17
           Sampling Frequency                             ZO
           Laboratory  Procedures                          20
           Quality Control                                 23

  VI   Data  Storage and Presentation                      25
           Data  Storage                                    25
           Graphical Presentation of Data                  25
           Tabular Presentation of Data                   27

 VII   River Conditions                                    29

 VIII   Relationships  Between Concentration of
       Chemicals and River Flow                          31
           Background Chemicals                           32
           Plant Nutrients                                 44
           B.O.D. and  D. O.                               54

  IX   Extrapolation  of  Data to  More Severe  Low
       Flow Conditions                                     63
           Background Chemicals                           63
           Plant Nutrients                                 66
           B.O.D. and  D. O.                               67

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Section                                                  Pa-ge

   X   Prospects for Flow  Augmentation Benefits          71
           Background Chemicals                          71
           Plant Nutrients                                 74
           B.O.D.  and D. O.                               76

  XI   Extension of  Data to Related Water  Quality
       Considerations                                      79
           Relationship Between Material Fluxes  and
              Flow Volumes                                79
           Relative Contributions of Domestic and
              Agricultural Sources  of Phosphorus           97
           Relationship Between Total Suspended  Solids
              and Total Phosphorus                        99
           Relationship Between Concentrations and
              Conductivity                                 101
           Concentrations of  Fecal Coliform  Bacteria     101

  XII   Additional Data and  Analyses                      109

 XIII   Acknowledgments                                  111

 XIV   References                                        113

  XV   Glossary                                          115

 XVI   Appendices                                        117
                           VI

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                         FIGURES

Number                                                    Page

    1.   The Sandusky River  Basin                           14

    2.   Location  of Sampling Stations,  U.S.G.S,  Stream
        Gages and Chemical Monitors                       18

    3.   Flow Sheet for Laboratory Analyses                 21

    4.   Relationship Between Specific Conductivity  and
        Flow Volume                                        34

    5.   Relationship Between Fluoride  Concentration and
        Flow Volume                                        3&

    6.  Relationship Between Sodium Concentration  and
        Flow Volume                                        38

    7.  Relationship Between Magnesium Concentration
        and Flow Volume                                    40

    8.  Relationship Between Calcium  Concentration and
        Flow Volume                                        42

    9.  Relationship Between Total Phosphorus  Concentra-
        tion and  Flow Volume                               46

    10.  Relationship Between Soluble Orthophosphorus
        Concentration and Flow Volume                     50

    11.   Relationship Between Nitrate-Nitrogen Concentra-
                                                              r T
         tion  and  Flow Volume                               0£t

    12.   Relationship  Between Potassium Concentration
         and Flow Volume                                   5°

    13.   Relationship  Between  Biochemical  Oxygen
         Demand  and  Flow Volume                           58
                             vn

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Number
   14.  Relationship Between Dissolved Oxygen Concen-
        tration and Flow  Volume                              60

   15.  Concentration-Flow Relationships  for Fluoride,
        Sodium, Calcium and Magnesium  Under  Low
        Flow Conditions                                      "4

   16.  Projected  Dilution Effects During Flow
        Augmentation                                         '^

   17,  Relationship Between Fluoride Flux  and  Flow
        Volume                                              80

   18.  Relationship Between Sodium Flux and Flow
        Volume                                              82

   19.  Relationship Between Magnesium  Flux and  Flow
        Volume                                              84

   20.  Relationship Between Calcium Flux  and  Flow
        Volume                                              86

   21.  Relationship Between Total Phosphorus  Flux  and
        Flow Volume                                         88

   22.  Relationship Between Soluble Orthophosphorus
        Flux and  Flow Volume                                90
                                                         s
   23.  Relationship Between Nitrate -Nitrogen Flux and
        Flow Volume                                         92

   24.  Relationship Between Potassium  Flux and Flow
        Volume                                              94

   25.  Relationship Between Total Phosphorus  Concen-
        tration and Total Suspended Solids                    100
                             Vlll

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Number                                                      Page

   26.  Relationship Between Concentrations of Back-
        ground Chemicals and Specific Conductivity          102

   27.  Relationship Between Concentrations of Plant
        Nutrients and  Specific Conductivity                   104
                              IX

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                          TABLES

Number                                                     Page

    I     Road  Designations  and Mileage  Points  for
          Sampling Stations                                   19

   II     Computer Card Format for the Sandusky
          River Data                                          26

   III     Comparison of Low Flow Frequency Data and
          Low Flows  Observed  During This  Study             30

   IV     Effects  of  Treatment  Plant Effluent on Concen-
          trations of  Total Phosphorus,  Soluble
          Orthophosphorus, Magnesium and  B.O.D.           48

   V     Summary of D. O.  Concentration Data  from
          Continuously Recording Water  Quality
          Monitors                                            62

   VI     Relationship Between  Time of  Travel  and
          Stream Flow in  the Scioto River                    69

  VII     Extremes in Fluxes  of Total Phosphorus  at
          Stations S-26 and S-10                             96

  VIII     Sewage Pollution of the  Sandusky River as
          Indicated  by Fecal Coliform Bacteria              107
                             XI

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                         SECTION I

                SUMMARY  AND CONCLUSIONS
In order to evaluate the effects of flow augmentation from  up-
ground  reservoirs,  a detailed  study  of  the  relationship between
river flow volume and the concentrations of a variety of chemicals
was undertaken on a 60-mile section of the Sandusky River.
Although considerable variation in river flow did occur  during
the study periods, the flows did not drop to the levels where
flow augmentation would have  been implemented.   Using the
patterns of relationships  between  concentration and flow volume
and considerations of input sources,  predictions were made for
conditions  during severe  low flow  periods.   A second set of
predictions was  then made with respect to  the effects of flow
augmentation.   These observations and predictions are sum-
marized below.

1)  The concentrations of calcium, magnesium and sodium  tend
to  increase as flow volume  decreases.   There are, however,
considerable variations  in concentrations at low flows.   Extrapola-
tion of concentration-flow curves  suggests  that during severe low
flows the concentrations of these  chemicals would fall in the  same
range  as  those observed  during the  lowest  flow periods  of  this
study.  Assuming that the reservoir is  filled  during high flow
periods, it should have relatively  low concentrations of  these
chemicals;  and,  consequently,  as  the amount  of flow augmentation
increases,  the concentrations  of calcium,  magnesium and sodium
should decrease.

2)  During  periods  of low flow,  the  domestic  loading of fluoride
represents  a  large  fraction  of the total  fluoride flux in  the  river.
As flow volume  decreases,  the concentration  of fluoride increases.
At high flows  the fluoride concentrations are  low  but the total
flux increases considerably, indicating  the  presence of  natural
fluorides  in the  river.   Under severe low  flows the fluoride
concentration would increase to higher  levels  than those observed
in  this study  due to the relatively constant input from domestic
sources.   During flow augmentation the fluoride concentrations
would  be  similar to those of the  lowest flows observed  in  this
study.

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3)  In most  sections of the river the concentration of total
phosphorus and soluble orthophosphorus  decreased as flow volume
decreased.   The higher  concentrations at higher flows were
probably due to the entrance  of  phosphorus bound  to  silt  particles
accompanying agricultural surface runoff.   At sections immedi-
ately below  sewage treatment plants, orthophosphorus concentra-
tions did increase as  stream flow decreased.   Under severe low
flow conditions,  in most  sections of the river, the total  phos-
phorus and soluble orthophosphorus  would either  remain  in the
same  range  as  observed  in low  flows  during  the  study or would
perhaps decrease  still further.   During  severe low flows  immedi-
ately below  treatment  plants, the orthophosphorus concentration
would increase even higher than observed in  this  study.   Assuming
that the reservoir water  has  low phosphate concentrations, flow
augmentation at sites  immediately downstream from treatment
plants would have phosphorus concentrations  similar  to those
observed during low flows in this  study.  For most  sections of
the  river,  slight dilutions of phosphorus would occur during
augmentation, giving  these periods  the lowest phosphorus  concen-
trations of the  year.

4)   The concentrations of potassium and nitrate-nitrogen  were
extremely variable and showed no correlation with river  flow.
It is anticipated that  this same  variability  would persist  during
both severe low flow  conditions  and flow augmentation.

5)   In most sections  of the  river the  biochemical oxygen  demand
(B.O.D.)  was fairly low and showed little  correlation with flow.
At sites downstream  from treatment plants it is anticipated that
B.O.D. values would  increase  with decreasing flows.  For most
sections of the river  the  B.O.D. values are at their "natural"
levels and would not  increase with further decreases in flow
volume unless associated with algal blooms.   Flow augmentation
would have little direct effect on B.O.D.  values in most  sections
of the river.  Below  treatment  plants flow augmentation  would
prevent B.O.D.  values from increasing to levels higher  than those
observed during the low  flows of this study.

6)   The concentration  of  dissolved  oxygen (D. O.) was near  satura-
tion at medium and high flows  but  varied widely both above and

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below  saturation during low flows.   During severe  low flows the
variations  in D. O.  would probably be  even greater, giving rise
to numerous D. O. values below the  minimum acceptable  values
according  to state water quality standards.   These low D.O.
values are probably caused by  algal respiration.   During  severe
low  flows, increased algal growth could be anticipated based
primarily  on the  longer  time periods available for  algal  growth
during low flows.   Flow augmentation could significantly  reduce
algal growth primarily through decreasing the travel time in the
stream and secondarily through dilution of nutrients.

7)   Examination of the fluxes  of materials in the river indicated
that the most  significant loadings occur during periods of high
flow.   This is  especially so for chemicals whose concentrations
increase with  increasing flow,  such as phosphorus.  On  most
occasions  the  phosphorus fluxes at the downstream  station were
considerably less  than the input from domestic sewage treatment
plants.  It is  not known to what extent the phosphorus that  leaves
the  water  during  low and medium flows re-enters  the water and
contributes to  the high fluxes  during high flows.

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                        SECTION II

                    RECOMMENDATIONS
To  date  the studies have  provided a basis for  concrete predictions
of conditions during both  severe low flows  and flow augmentation.
Significant improvements  in  water quality arising from flow
augmentation are anticipated.

The construction of numerous upground  reservoirs in northwest
Ohio does  represent a considerable  alteration of the environment.
The total effects of flow  augmentation from these reservoirs  on
river ecosystems are  difficult to predict and will require detailed
and specific studies if these  effects are  to be  understood.   It is
recommended that  studies such as  the  one which we have initiated
here  be  considered for additional  support.

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                        SECTION III

                       INTRODUCTION
Project Background

In 1965 the  Ohio Water Commission authorized the preparation
of a comprehensive water resource  development plan for North-
western Ohio.   The  objectives of this study were  to anticipate
the water resource needs for the next 40  years that would give
"maximum  support to  the growth and development of the region"
and to present  "programs for  the  total management of water  so
that the greatest  economic  and social benefits may  be  realized."
The results of  this study were published in January, 1967 as  The
Northwest Ohio Water  Development Plan. 1

The above plan calls for the  construction  of a system  of 37
multipurpose,  upground  reservoirs  as the key facilities for
water  resource development in this  region.   These  reservoirs
will be located in the  upper reaches of  the  mainstreams and  will
be  filled  during periods  of  high  flow.   The  water  stored within
the reservoirs  will then be used for public,  industrial and
agricultural water supplies and  for  recreational purposes.   In
addition,  during periods of low  natural  runoff, water from these
reservoirs  will be used  to  sustain  certain minimum stream flows,
thereby insuring adequate water supplies to downstream users
and improving water quality through flow  augmentation effects.

Although  it is  anticipated that the proposed sustained  flow  program
will result  in  significant improvement in water  quality, actual
documentation  of  such effects  is lacking.   Also,  management
guidelines for  obtaining  maximum benefits of flow augmentation
from upground  reservoirs are not available.  Consequently a
demonstration  study designed to directly evaluate  the  effects  of
flow augmentation from  an upground reservoir on one  of the
streams  of Northwest  Ohio seemed  appropriate  during the  early
stages of implementation of the plan.

In 1968 Heidelberg College,  in collaboration with  the Ohio  Depart-
ment of Natural Resources, proposed to undertake  such a  study

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on the Sandusky River.   Construction of a state  owned and
operated upground reservoir  in the vicinity of  the  Killdeer Plains
Wildlife  Area was scheduled  to begin that  fall.   This reservoir
will  have a total capacity of  2, 018 million gallons  of which 1, 778
million gallons  are designated for sustained  stream  flow.  Excess
flow in Tymochtee  Creek,  a  tributary  of the Sandusky River,  will
be stored  in the  reservoir.  In all,  some  75 miles  of stream
channel  along Tymochtee Creek and  the Saudusky will be affected
by releases from this  reservoir.   This reservoir  will be  entirely
under the  jurisdiction of the  Ohio Department  of Natural  Resources
and  consequently will be ideally  suited for experimentation on the
effects of  various levels of sustained stream flow  on water
quality.

In early January, 1969,  Heidelberg  College  received a grant  from
the  Federal Water  Pollution  Control Administration to initiate the
study.   The project  timetable called for a 3-year  study  and
anticipated that the  reservoir would  be completed  and ready  for
use  during the  last two years of the project.  In view of delays
in the onset of  construction  of the reservoir,  the  F. W.P.C.A.
did  not  approve the application for  support for the second year
of the study.   This  report will therefore summarize the  work
which was  accomplished during the  first year  of a proposed  3-year
project, and a  subsequent  6-month  period  for  bringing the project
to an orderly conclusion.  Although support was received for 18
months, the period encompassed only  one  late summer-early fall
period when low stream flows are most prevalent.

Much of the work during the first year of the  study amounted to
"tooling up" for  the  intensive water quality  surveillance  program
which was  to be the basis for the project.  This tooling  up
included designing,  constructing,  and outfitting a water analysis
laboratory.   Many of these preparations were  completed  during
the  first six months  of the project  so that an  intensive water
quality surveillance program was underway  during the summer and
fall  of 1969.   This  report will consist primarily of  a presentation
and  analysis  of the  data collected during  this  period.

Since  the  state has  subsequently released  funds  for  the construction
of the reservoir and construction is currently underway,  it is

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hoped  that the original project can be resumed.   Completion of
the reservoir is scheduled  for the fall of 1971 and the  first
possibilities for flow augmentation experiments will  be  during
the low flow periods of 1972.

The work which was accomplished during the first year was  not
intended to constitute  a complete  study in itself.   Instead,  it was
mainly intended  to  provide  background data  for  subsequent  evalua-
tion of flow augmentation effects.   Since the work can  best be
understood  in terms of the overall project,  the original study plan
for the 3-year  period will  be  summarized  in the  next section.

Original Study Plan

As sources  of flow  augmentation water,  the  upground reservoirs
proposed in The Northwest Ohio  Water Development Plan differ in
two important ways from the  more typical on-stream reservoirs.
First,  since water is pumped into these reservoirs,  it is possible
to  select the best quality water for storage.  Secondly,  the volume
of  water  stored within the  upground reservoirs  and  available for
flow augmentation is typically smaller than that  available from
on-stream  reservoirs.  In northwestern  Ohio the  proposed  up-
ground reservoirs  have been designed to maintain stream flows
at  levels which  were  equalled or  exceeded 80% of the time  based
on adjusted 1921-1945  flow duration values.   In  other words,  the
lowest 20%  of the flows will  be eliminated.   Generally speaking,
upground reservoirs will provide  a relatively low volume of high
quality water for augmentation purposes.

 There are  two principal ways in  which flow augmentation can affect
water quality.   The first  of these is  through dilution effects
 accompanying the  increased flow.   The augmentation water should
have  a higher D. O. content,   a lower B.O.D. ,  lower nutrient
levels, and lower  concentrations  of toxic chemicals than agricultural,
domestic or industrial effluents entering the  stream.   Conse-
 quently,  the greater the amount  of augmentation  water  relative to
waste effluents, the  better the water  quality  should be.   Effects
 of  augmentation on stream water temperature could also be
 important and can  be considered  as  dilution effects.

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The  second way which  flow  augmentation can affect water  quality
is through physical effects accompanying increased flow.   These
include increases  in flow  velocity (decreases in  time of passage),
altered rates of gas exchange and altered  expanses of riffle
conditions in the stream.

Through  both dilution  effects and physical  effects,  the addition  of
high quality water from upground reservoirs  is bound to bring
about a host of  small changes  in conditions within the river.
One objective of this study  was to document the  "small changes"
which will  accompany the sustained flow program.   Of greater
importance, however,  is  the way the river system as a whole
responds to the set of small changes resulting from  sustained
flow.  A river  constitutes a complex ecosystem  and  it is  very
difficult to predict the effects of the numerous small changes
which will  accompany flow  augmentation.

As evidence  of  responses of the "river system as a whole, "
the  study was to include measurements of as wide a variety of
biological components as  possible.   In particular,  the effects  of
sustained flow  on algal bloom development,  benthic organisms,
fish populations and bacterial populations  were to  be investigated.
Most flow augmentation studies heretofore have concentrated on
the  effects of augmentation  on the  oxygen sag characteristics
downstream from sources of organic loading  such as sewage
treatment plants.

A major  complication in determining both  the small changes and
the  ecosystem  level responses to sustained flow  is that a  wide
variety of other developments will simultaneously  be occurring
within the basin.   Other pollution abatement projects, changing
agricultural practices, increased  population,  etc., will all be
contributing their own  small changes to the  river  and the  river
as a whole will be responding to  these changes.    Untangling cause-
and-effect relationships so  that the  effects of flow augmentation
can  be separated from other factors will be  a difficult task.

The effort  to isolate and  evaluate the  effects of  flow augmentation
was to consist of combining the following  three  approaches:
                              10

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     1)   An intensive water quality surveillance program would  be
     established for the  75-mile  section of the river which will
     be affected by flow augmentation.   The  surveillance would
     be "intensive" in three senses.   We  would measure as many
     different chemical,  biological  and physical parameters as
     possible.   We would  collect samples from as many separate
     locations within the river  section  as  possible.   We would
     collect  samples as  frequently  as possible.  An  important
     initial product  of this program would be a close look at the
     way in  which a wide  variety of  water quality parameters
     vary  with  flow  volume.   The  specific analyses to  be  included,
     sampling locations  and sampling frequency would  be adjusted
     during the course of  the  project as  evaluation of  the  data
     proceeded.

     2)  The intensive surveillance program  would be  in effect
     during the times of the year when low flows are  expected
     (July, August,  September and October).   Less intensive
     surveillance would  be carried out on a  year-round basis.
     Measurements  obtained during low flow  periods prior to the
     completion of  the reservoir would be used as a  baseline
     for comparing  conditions present  during periods of flow
     augmentation.   After completion of the  reservoir, a variety
     of specific flow augmentation  experiments would be carried
     out to help isolate  the  effects of varying  flow volumes  on
     water quality.

     3)  A systems analysis approach would  be used  in the data
     analysis.   The river section would  be treated  as an  "open
     system" and  material fluxes into,  through and out of the
     system would  be analyzed.   This  "balance sheet"  approach
     would help to  isolate the effects of augmentation  from other
     effects.

The  overall project was  to involve  the  close  cooperation of the
Ohio Department of Natural Resources,  the U.S. Geological
Survey and Heidelberg College staff.   Four continuously recording
water quality monitors have been installed within the  study area
by the  Ohio Department  of Natural  Resources and the U.S.
Geological Survey.   These provide  continuous measurements of
                               11

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dissolved oxygen, pH,  temperature and conductivity.   Four
continuously recording stream gages managed  by  the  U.S.
Geological Survey are  also present in  the  study area.  Loading
data from the  sewage  treatment plants  as  well as water chemistry
data from two U.S.  Geological  Survey  sampling stations were  to
have  been incorporated into  the  study.   Measurements of fish
populations were to  have  been done  by  the  Wildlife Division of
the State Department of Natural Resources.   The  flow augmenta-
tion experiments using water from the  Killdeer Reservoir  were
to consist of the joint efforts of Heidelberg  College and  the Ohio
Department  of Natural Resources.
                                12

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                        SECTION IV

                     THE  STUDY AREA
The  Sandusky River  is one  of  the  north central  Ohio tributaries
to Lake Erie  (Figure 1).   The river is about 115 miles  long
and drains an area of 1421  square miles, most of which is
agricultural land.  The profile of  the  river  is  extremely variable,
ranging from  a  drop  of less than  2  feet per  mile in many  areas
to other places,  such as  below Tiffin,  where the  fall is  25 feet
per mile.

The  upper 55% of  the basin is in  the  Till Plain which  is traversed
by a low  east-west moraine south of Upper  Sandusky and another
south of Tiffin.   The lower 45% of the basin is in the  Lake  Plains
subprovince.  The bedrock  at  or near  the surface consists  of
dolomite, limestone,  and shale of Silurian and Devonian  age.
These  formations are relatively dense  and ground water  storage
is not  great.   The overburden of  glacial drift and lacustrine
deposits are generally thin  and relatively impermeable.  In  the
southern part of the   basin near  Upper  Sandusky,  Bucyrus and
Crestline, the drift  thickens and  is  more permeable in the  areas
of morainal deposits.

The  soils of the Sandusky Basin are variable.   In the  lake  plain
area,  the very poorly drained Hoytville silty clay loam and  clay
are  dominant.   In the till plains  the soils are  derived from
moderately  fine  textured  Wisconsin  glacial  till.   In the western
part of the  till plain the  soils have  developed over  limestone while
in the  eastern part they have  developed over a  sand stone-shale
area.   Throughout the basin,  ground water  contribution to stream
flow is small and  sustained flow is  low.

In 1966 the  population of  the basin was  191,000.  The  major towns
along the Sandusky River include  Crestline,   Bucyrus,  Upper
Sandusky,  Tiffin and Fremont.  All of these towns  currently
provide  secondary waste  treatment.   These  towns, as well  as many
smaller communities within the basin, currently have a variety of
projects underway which  should improve water  quality.  These
projects include  expansion  of  secondary treatment plants,
                              13

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           Rivra BASH
                                       snrecA COUNTY
                                       Morrison c
                                             CRAWFORD COUNTY
                                         Saaduaky
                                      KILLDEER HE.-iERVOIS
Figure 1.   The  Sandusky River  Basin
                                 14

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construction of lagoons,  improvement of sewage  collection systems
and separation  of combined sewers.

At present, water quality  in the Sandusky River  is  impaired by
pollutants from both domestic  and agricultural sources  and to  a
lesser extent by industrial effluents.  During the late  summer
and fall,  depressed oxygen levels  are common immediately down-
stream from  Bucyrus  and Fremont.   In the  case of Bucyrus,
most of  the  stream flow  consists  of the treatment plant effluent
during low flow periods.   In  Fremont, a  combination of raw
sewage from  a faulty  collection  system,  wastes  from food
processing plants and  possibly algal blooms  all contribute  to  a
lowering  of the oxygen levels.

Perhaps the most visible  of the  pollutants  entering  the  Sandusky
River is  the  silt  which accompanies  surface  runoff  from farm
land.  Although the basin  is fairly flat, the  relative imperme-
ability of the soils  coupled with their fine  texture result in
serious  sheet erosion.   During much of the  year the Sandusky
River is  brown in color.   Large  quantities  of phosphates are
bound to  the  silt  particles.  These  phosphates,  along with nitrates
of agricultural  origin  and  nutrients  passing through the sewage
treatment plants,  maintain high  nutrient levels in the river and
contribute to  the  nutrient  input into Lake  Erie,

Although  the  Sandusky River does  show many of  the attributes of
a polluted river,  it also  has  considerable potential  for  recrea-
tional development.  In  January,  1970,  a 60-mile section  of the
river was designated as an Ohio State Scenic River.   As  such,
canoe routes,  hiking trails, and overnight camping  areas are
being planned for the  river.   Measurements  taken as part of
this study indicate that the fecal coliform  bacterial counts
throughout the area designated as  a  scenic river exceed the
recommended levels for safe recreational  usage. (See Section XI).

The Northwest Ohio Water Development Plan calls  for  the eventual
construction of 6 upground reservoirs  in the  Sandusky Basin.
With respect to flow augmentation,  the  most  important of  these
reservoirs  will be the Killdeer  Reservoir located in a  state
wildlife area in Wyandot County.
                              15

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More detailed  information on the geology,  physiography,  soils
and geography of the Sandusky River Basin can  be  found  in
The  Northwest Ohio Water Development Plan, 1 the Scenic River
Study;  Sandusky River,L and Flow Duration of Ohio Streams.-3^
                               16

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                         SECTION V

                          METHODS
Sampling Procedures

The  sampling locations are shown in Figure  2.   The designations
for the sampling locations (S-22, W-02,  T-20,  etc.) were arrived
at by using the first initial of the stream or tributary coupled
with a number that reflects a numerical  sequence of bridges
along the stream beginning at Lake  Erie for Sandusky  River
locations or at the  Sandusky  River  for tributary locations.  All
of the sampling was done  from  bridges.   The exact location of
each bridge  used as a sampling site,  along with the corresponding
mileage  point along the river is listed in Table I.

The study  area was bounded  by the  U.S. G. S. stream gages
located at  S-52 below  Upper  Sandusky, at T-20  near Crawford on
Tymochtee  Creek,  and at  S-10 upstream from Fremont.   Addi-
tional sampling locations  on  the Sandusky River were established
at the bridges above and below  the  point where  Tymochtee  Creek
enters the Sandusky River (S-40 and S-38},  at the  U.S.G.S.
stream gage near  Mexico  (S-26), near the water intake for
Tiffin (S-24) and above and below the entrance  of the Tiffin
Sewage Plant effluent  (S-22 and S-20}.   The remainder of the
collection  sites are located on the  major tributaries which  enter
the  river in the study area.   These include  Honey Creek (H-20),
Rock Creek (RC) and  Wolf Creek (W-02).   A typical collection
trip, in which all of the  stations were visited, involved  travelling
approximately 100 miles and  required 4  hours.   Sampling was
done during the morning  hours  and  the  samples were  returned to
the  lab before noon for  the  beginning of analyses.   The  sampling
route  was  reversed on successive days.

The water  samples were  collected  by lowering  a plastic  bucket
from the bridge into  the  section of  the  river which was  judged to
have maximum flow.   Tests  indicated that at all of  the  sampling
locations,  mixing  was sufficient for  this procedure to  give
representative  samples.   Oxygen and temperature  measurements
                               17

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                                  S-22     Rock Creak
                                   RC
                                               LEGEBD

                                               USGS  STREAM GAGE

                                             O CHEMICAL WATER QUALITY MONITOR

                                             • SAMPLING LOCATION
Figure 2.   Location of Sampling Stations,  U.S.G. S.  Stream  Gages
             and  Chemical  Monitors
                                 18

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TABLE I.   Road Designations and Mileage Points for Sampling
            Stations
Station   River Miles from
Number      Lake Erie
S-10


S-20

S-22


S-24
19.55


35.75

38.55


41. 15
S-26
S-38
S-40
S-52
W-2
H-20
46.
59.
61.
76.


08
5
0
7


   Bridge


Tyndal (USGS)


Township Line

State  Hospital
                              Scott (USGS)
                              (USGS Gage
                              Station)
 T-20
               (USGS Gage
               Station)
                                     Road
Rice Rd.,  Sandusky
C.R.  221

Seneca Co.  Rd.  38

Huss  Street,
Tiffin

Ella Street,
Tiffin

Seneca Co.  Rd.  90

Wyandot Co.  Rd. 9

State  Route 103

Wyandot Co.  Rd.
121

State  Route 53

State  Route 100  at
Melmore

State Route 199  at
Crawford
 S - Sandusky River
 W - Wolf Creek
 H - Honey  Creek
 T - Tymochtee Creek
                                19

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were taken on water  in  the  bucket using an oxygen meter.  Then
300  ml of -water were poured  into  a  sterilized glass  bottle for
bacterial analysis,  500  ml of  water were added to a plastic
bottle containing 5  ml of concentrated nitric acid  for  atomic
absorption analysis,  and 2 liters  of water were transferred to
a  plastic bottle for the  remainder of the  analyses.  Since the
analyses were usually started within 6 hours  of sample collec-
tion, neither chemicals  nor cooling was used to  preserve the
2.  liter samples.

At the time of sample collection  the river  stage was  determined
by using a U.S.G.S. wire weight gage  (stations S-10,  S-26,  S-52,
T-20  and H-20) or by measuring  the distance to the water surface
from  a  fixed reference  point  on the  bridge (remainder of
stations).

Sampling Frequency

During July and August,  1969,  samples were collected five times
per week at each of the sampling stations.  During September
and October,  sample collections averaged three to four times  per
week.   From November,  1969, through May,  1970,  samples were
collected once per week except when heavy ice conditions were
present.  During  times of heavy  ice conditions,  sampling was
either discontinued or confined to gage station sites.

Laboratory  Procedures

Figure  3 contains a  flow  sheet which outlines the procedures used
in the analysis of  river samples.   Bacterial  analyses were limited
to tests  for fecal coliform  bacteria.   The  membrane filter
procedure was used  as  outlined in the  Millipore Corporation
Application  Data Manual 40,  "Techniques for Microbiological
Analysis. "4  For each  sample, two  volumes  of  river  water were
tested and only those plates with counts falling in the range of
20 to 200 colonies per  filter  were considered valid.

The  analyses  for  calcium,  magnesium,  sodium and potassium
were  done by atomic absorption using a Perkin-Elmer Model 303
Atomic  Absorption Spectrophotometer outfitted with a  recorder
readout.  For the  analyses of calcium and magnesium the samples
                              20

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  SAMPLE
                                  ANALYSIS
1)  Bacterial
    bottle
2) Atomic  absorption
    bottle
3) Two liter
     bottle
50 ml + H2SO4
persulfate,  autoclave

250 ml filtered
through  0. 45
micron membrane
filter 	
                                      Filter —
Membrane filter
 analysis for fecal
 coliform

Na,  K, Ca,  Mg and
 others

Total phosphorus
Chlorophyll
 analysis

Suspended solids
                                      Filtrate—Soluble ortho-
                                                 phosphorus
                 .100  ml, 25°  C.
                 20  ml + 20  ml TISAB
                             — Conductivity,  pH,
                                nitrate

                             ~ Fluoride
                 50  ml
                 50  ml
                 ,600  ml.
                               Chloride

                              . Alkalinity

                              , B. O.D.  tests
(Field measurements included dissolved oxygen,  temperature, time
  of collection  and river stage. )
 Figure 3.   Flow Sheet for Laboratory Analyses
                                21

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were adjusted to  contain  1% lanthanum and 5% HC1.  In all cases
the river samples were bracketed by  known concentrations and
the sample concentrations were  determined  by graphical inter-
polation.   Limited numbers of tests for iron,  copper and zinc
were also made using atomic  absorption.   In  all cases, methods
recommended in  the manufacturer's application manual were
followed.

The phosphorus tests were done  according to  the F. W. P. C. A.
Interim Method Manual5  (September,   1968) using the single
reagent,  potassium antimony tartrate  method.  Optical densities
were read with a Klett-Summerson colorimeter outfitted with  a
filter having  a transmission maximum, of  690  millimicrons.  For
total phosphate a persulfate acid hydrolysis  was carried out.
Samples were heated for 20 minutes  in an autoclave  at 15  pounds
pressure.  During times of high sediment concentration the
samples were filtered through a  0.45  micron  membrane filter
immediately  after removal  from  the autoclave.  All  samples
were then cooled, neutralized and tested as above.   For soluble
orthophosphorus,  the samples were filtered  through a 0.45
micron membrane filter and  the  filtrate analyzed as  described
above.

Chlorophyll measurements  were done  on a few of the filters used
in preparation of soluble orthophosphorus  samples.   The pro-
cedures outlined  by  Creitz  and Richards"  were followed.    On
other occasions,  the  membrane  filters used in preparation of
soluble orthophosphorus samples were used  for determination of
total suspended solids as outlined in  Standard Methods  for  the
Examination  of Water and Waste Water.?  Modifications included
the use of 0.45 micron  membrane filters  and vacuum dessication
over dried calcium chloride instead of drying at 103° centigrade.

Nitrates,  fluorides  and chlorides were measured with specific
ion electrodes using an  Orion Model  104 Specific Ion Meter.  A
two-point calibration  method was used in  all cases.  Solid state
fluoride and  chloride electrodes  and a liquid membrane nitrate
electrode  were used in accordance  with the  manufacturer's
recommendations.
                            22

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Conductivity was measured  with a conductivity  bridge  according
to Standard Methods.   A glass  electrode was used for pH
measurements.   For  both of  the  above measurements and the
specific ion  measurements,  the  sample temperature was adjusted
to 25° Centigrade in a water  bath.

Alkalinity and B.O.D.  were done according  to  Standard  Methods.
A B.O.D.  probe was used  in combination with Y.S.I. Model 54
oxygen meter for oxygen measurement.   It was calibrated  daily
with the  azide  modification  of the Winkler Test.   Field  measure-
ments of D.O.  also  used a Y.S.I.  Model  54 meter  and  probe.
The air calibration method, as recommended  by the  manufacturer,
was used for calibrating the probe  for field measurements of
oxygen.

Quality Control

The procedures which were used were all standard  methods  and
the precautions accompanying the description of the methods were
followed.   Most of  the measurements  involved  the use of standard
solutions  in the calibration  of the equipment which was  done on a
daily basis.   For  all of the phosphate  tests, three  known concen-
trations were used  with  each series of tests.

Normally,  replicate samples  were  obtained  at  two  sampling loca-
tions on each collection  trip.    The replicates were  treated  as
"unknowns"  and were subjected  to all  of  the analyses that were
done  on  the  identified  samples.   The  data obtained  for  the
replicates  generally showed excellent  agreement with  the corres-
ponding river samples.
                              23

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                        SECTION VI

            DATA STORAGE  AND PRESENTATION
Data Storage

The  water quality  monitoring program  outlined in the preceding
section produced in excess of 200 bits  of data per day  of
sampling.   Computer programs  were developed for storing and
analyzing this  data using an I. B. M.  1130 Computer System.   After
the analyses for a given  sample were  completed, the data for that
sample were placed on two I. B. M.  computer cards.   The arrange-
ment of data on the cards is shown in Table  II.   The information
was  then transferred to a computer disk where it was  arranged
by calendar date for  each station.

For  those collection  stations  where  stage-flow tables  were
available (S-10,  S-26,  S-52,  and T-20),  the information relating
stage  to flow in C.F.S. was  also stored on the  disk.   This
information, together  with the stage  measurements,  allowed the
calculation of  the  momentary flow and  momentary flux  for any of
the data at these stations.   The  U.S.G. S.  provided interim data
for the mean daily flows at the  above  stations and this informa-
tion was  also  transferred to  the  disk for use in estimating total
daily fluxes.

Graphical Presentation of Data

A computer  program was designed  to  graphically show the rela-
tionship between any  two variables  at  a  given collection station.
The following  sections  include graphs  showing the relationship
between the  concentration of  a variety of chemicals and flow volume,
the flux of  these  same chemicals  as a function of flow volume,
the concentration of a  variety of chemicals as a  function of
conductivity  and the  relationship of  total phosphorus concentration
to total suspended solids.  In generating these graphs, the computer
surveys all of the data at a  given  station during  a  specified time
interval and picks out  those  samples for which both variables are
listed.  The computer  then determines the  maximum and  minimum
values for the Y-  and  X-axis variables.   For the Y-axis  the  interval
                             25

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TABLE II.  Computer  Card Format for the  Sandusky River Data
Card  1

Column

  1-4
  5-10
11-15
16-19
20-23
24-28
29-35
36-39
40-42
43-46
47-50
51-53
54-57
58-60
61-63
64-66
67-69
70-73
74-76
77-79
    80
Information

Location
Date
Stage
Temperature (°C)
DO
BOD
Fecal  Coliform
cr
F~
PH
Conductivity
Nitrate
Alkaline
O rthophosphate
Total  phosphate
Na+
K+
Ca++
Mg++
Blank
Card number = 1
Card  2

Column

 1-4
 5-10
11-14
15-19
20-23
24-27
 28-31
 32-34
 35-37
 38-41
 42-45
 46-51
 52-57
    58
 59-62

 63-79
    80
Information

Location
Date
Seston
Total solids
Chlorophyll
 absorbance
 @  665  mu
Chlorophyll
 absorbance
 @  645  mu
Chlorophyll
 absorbance
 @  630  mu
Chlorophyll
 volume fil-
 tered (liters)
Chlorophyll
 absorbance
 path length
 constant (K)
Fe
Cu
Cr
Zn
Blank
Time - 24 hour
 clock
Blank
Card number = 2
                               26

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between the maximum and minimum values is divided into  50
equal parts,  while for the X-axis,  the  interval is divided into
100 parts.  A graph  is then plotted on the printer using 50
vertical lines for values of Y  and 100 horizontal spaces  for
values of  X.   The point pairs are thus plotted to the nearest
one-fiftieth of the  range between  the maximum and minimum
values for Y  and the  nearest one-hundredth of the  range between
the maximum and  minimum values  of  X.

The  above method of  plotting the graphs  has  the  advantage of
giving a maximum spread of  points.   Its disadvantage lies in
the fact that the values of Y  and X listed along these axes are
not integral values but instead are  values spaced  evenly between
the maximum and  minimum values  for the  variable.   Care must
be taken  to actually look  at the numbered values along the axes
since they will differ considerably from graph to  graph.

After each graph is plotted,  the  point pairs for that graph are
listed.  Where data are clustered it is possible  that more than
one  point-pair will be represented  by  a single point  on  the graph.

It is  possible to establish a specific range of values for the
X-axis.   For example, where a  closer look  at the  relationship
between concentration and flow at low flows is desired,  the
"scale" of the low flow values can be set so  that these values
extend across the  entire  X-axis.

The graphs which are presented  in this report have  been traced
directly from the  computer printouts.   The values for the Y-
and  X-axis have been retyped using larger type.   The resulting
graphs  were  then  photographically  reduced to the form  in which
they  are  included.

Tabular Presentation of Data

Programs have  been  written  for  three different tabular or
"appendix" arrangements of the  data.   The first arrangement
summarizes all of the  data for a given station.   The individual
variables  are listed across  the page.   For each variable,  space
                              27

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is  provided for both concentration and flux.  The linear  sequence
in  these tables corresponds  to  the  calendar date.

The  second arrangement  treats a  single variable at a time  and
lists  the concentration  or flux  of that variable  at each of the
collection  sites.   The appendix has room for ten collection sites
across  the page.   Again  the  linear  sequence of data corresponds
to the calendar date.   Data included in  the appendices of this
report  are presented in this  form.

The  third  appendix treats a single variable at  a single station.
It  lists the date,  the concentration, the momentary flow,  the
momentary flux,  the mean daily flow, and the  flux calculated
from the mean flow.   The fluxes  are expressed as pounds  per
day.
                                28

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                        SECTION VII

                     RIVER CONDITIONS
During the period of this  study  there  was an  absence of low flow
conditions in the river.  Table  III shows  the  flows  which are
exceeded 80% and 90% of  the time,  and the average low flow
during 2-year frequency,  7-day duration low flow periods.   Infor-
mation is included for all three gage  stations on  the Sandusky
River.  The table also  includes the four lowest flows observed
at each of these stations during sample collections.   Examination
of interim flow  data provided by the U.S.G.S. confirms that,
during the period of this study (January  1,  1969 through June  30,
1970), on no occasion did the flow fall to the 80% level  at
stations S-52  and S-26 and on only  2  days did the flow  reach
the 80% level at S-10.

The  lowest  flows observed during this study were  3- to  4-fold
greater than the average low flow during  2-year frequency,  7-day
duration low flow periods.   In fact, the lowest flows observed
exceed the anticipated augmented flow levels.  Thus, in terms
of flows,  the  data which we have  available  correspond more
closely to the expected  conditions during flow augmentation than
during low flow periods.

During subsequent sections of this report the term "low flow" will
be used for the lowest flows observed during this  study.   The
term "severe low flow" will  be used  with reference to flows less
than those equalled  or exceeded 80% of the  time,  such as  the
average low flow during 2-year frequency,  7-day  duration  low flow
periods.   The term  "severe  low flow" should not be construed
as the "drought of record" but  can  consist  of substantially  higher
flows than during such droughts.
                             29

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 TABLE III.   Comparison  of Low Flow  Frequency Data and Low
              Flows Observed During This Study

 Station Discharge Discharge  2-Year  Frequency   Lowest Flows
        Exceeded  Exceeded    7-Day Duration   Observed During
          80% of    90% of    Average  Low Flow   This Study
          Time *    Time  **               ##
          C.F.S.    C.F.S.          C.F.S.        C.F.S.    Date
 S-52
 S-26
 S-10
12.9
34.5
52.1
 6.40
20.5
31.0
 4.20
13.5
22.0
15    9/16/69
16    9/01/69
18    8/15/69
18   10/14/69

51    9/01/69
55    9/16/69
60    8/29/69
64    8/14/69

64    8/15/69
68    8/29/69
68   10/29/69
75    8/28/69
 * Data from Northwest Ohio Water Development Plan

** Data from Low-Flow Frequency  and  Storage Requirement
     Indices for Ohio Streams
                              30

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                         SECTION VIII

     RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN  CONCENTRATION  OF
            CHEMICALS AND RIVER  FLOW
A  basic assumption justifying the construction  of flow augmenta-
tion facilities is that water quality  is  lowest when  natural
stream flow  is  lowest.   Certainly where there is a relatively
constant influx  of degrading  materials into a stream,  such
as  from a sewage treatment plant or  an industry,  as natural
stream flow  decreases  there is  less  water to dilute  the  wastes
and the wastes  are therefore more concentrated.   If the  degrading
materials come into the stream as part  of surface  runoff water
from either  rural or urban  areas,  then the relationship  between
river flow and  concentration of  wastes is more difficult  to
predict.  Likewise,  it  is difficult to  predict the relationship
between river flow and the concentration of "background"
chemicals which  comprise the natural chemical makeup  of the
water and upon which are superimposed  the  "effluents" of man's
agricultural,  domestic  and industrial  activities.  It should also
be noted  that several of the substances  which  are  included  above
under the term "wastes" are also natural  components  of the
streams.  Plant  nutrients are an important example of this.

Since one of the  major objectives of this study was  to determine
the effects  of flow augmentation on a wide variety of water
quality parameters, the first  step  consisted of investigating the
 relationship between the  concentration of several chemicals  and
the flow  volume  in the stream.

 The  results of these investigations are  shown  in Figures 4-13.
Each figure consists of 4 graphs.   Each graph  shows the relation-
 ship between the concentration  of a single chemical and  volume
 of stream flow at one  of  the four U.S.G.S.  stream gages
 (sampling locations  S-52, T-20, S-26,  and S-10).   The method
 by which these graphs were plotted has been  outlined in Section
 VI of this report.   In  all cases,  only the data collected between
 July 1,  1969 and October 30,  1969 are  included in the  graphs
                               31

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since this  4-month  period encompasses the time  when low flows
are most common and consequently  received  the  most intensive
surveillance.

In comparing the 4 graphs  in  each figure,  note that station  S-52
is located  less  than one mile  downstream from the outfall of
the Upper  Sandusky sewage treatment plant.   The drainage  basin
upstream from  station T-20 is entirely rural.  Stations S-26 and
S-10  are on the mainstream but are located upstream from  Tiffin
and  Fremont,  respectively.   Station  S-26 is approximately 30
miles downstream from the Upper Sandusky sewage  treatment
plant and station S-10 is 18.5 miles downstream from  the Tiffin
sewage treatment plant.

For purposes of discussion the chemicals studied have  been
somewhat  arbitrarily divided into  three groups--"background"
chemicals,  plant nutrients, and  B.O.D.   and D. O.  Fluoride,
sodium, magnesium and  calcium are included under the term
"background" chemicals.  As  a  group, these chemicals  show
increasing  concentrations as the volume  of stream flow
decreases.   Specific conductivity  is included  under this  heading.
Total phosphorus,  soluble orthophosphorus, nitrate-nitrogen  and
potassium are discussed under the heading of plant nutrients.
For these,  the   relationship  between concentration and stream
flow  shows the   effects  of multiple input sources.  Since the
concentration of both B.O.D.  and D.O.  clearly  reflect  the
effects of  stream metabolism  as well as  input sources,  they are
discussed  separately as a third  group.

Background Chemicals

Figure 4 shows  the relationship between  specific conductivity and
flow.   It is apparent that there  were considerable variations in
conductivity and flow during this period.   The high conductivity
values  tend to occur during periods of low flow and low conduc-
tivities predominate during periods  of high flow.   There was,
however, considerable variation in the conductivities observed
during  the periods  of low flow.   For example, at the lowest
flows plotted for Station S-52, the conductivity ranged from about
550 micromhos   to 970 micromhos.
                             32

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The  pattern of high conductivity at low flow and  low conductivity
at high flow  is  most  evident in the upstream stations at S-52
and  T-20.   Stations S-26 and S-10 have somewhat lower conduc-
tivities than  the  upstream stations  and have more  variation in
conductivity in the higher flow  ranges.  Nevertheless, the pattern
of high conductivity at low flow and low conductivity at high flow
is still apparent at these downstream stations.   The larger
drainage basins above the downstream stations could account  for
more variability within a narrower range  of values at  these
locations.   The upstream stations with smaller drainage basins
are  more likely to  encounter uniform weather  and rainfall condi-
tions within their basins.

Several chemicals show  a pattern of  relationship  between concen-
tration and flow that  is  quite similar  to that for conductivity.
These include fluoride (Figure  5),  sodium  (Figure 6),  magnesium
(Figure 7), and calcium (Figure  8).   All of these  show increasing
concentrations  as the volume of stream flow decreases.   As
pointed out earlier, a. pattern of  high concentration at  low flow
and  low concentration at high flow would occur when there  is a
relatively  constant rate  of influx  of materials  into a receiving
stream.  Such constant  rates of  influx could come from a sewage
treatment  plant or industry.  The  above  pattern  would be most
pronounced when  the  constant influx represents a substantial
portion of the total loading into the stream.

In the case of sodium,  magnesium, calcium and conductivity,  the
pattern of high  concentrations at  low  flows cannot be accounted
for  by decreasing dilution of a constant input.   Instead the
pattern reflects the relationship  between the coneentration of
these  chemicals in the  surface runoff water and  ground water
and  the volume of the surface  runoff  water and ground water.
During periods  of high runoff,  and consequently  high flow condi-
tions in the  river,  the  concentrations of these chemicals tend to
be low.   The large variations  in  concentration during  periods of
low  stream flow  could be accounted for by differing relative
contributions of more concentrated ground  water and more  dilute
surface runoff water  which together make  up  the stream flow.

Three aspects of our data  support this interpretation.   First,
given  the assumption that the  daily output  of chemicals from
                               33

-------
          MS
          *"
                                                                      11M
                         FLW II C.F.S.. SI4IIOI S-52 VT/OI/M ID 10/JO/M
          M
                         246          5M          7«3
                         FLOW II C.r.I., STATIOI T-20  07/91/M 10
                                                           (OS4
Figure 4.    Relationship Between  Specific  Conductivity  and Flow
               Volume
                                        34

-------
              - 708
              o°
              IS

              5

              3
              2 582
                llSS
                                     kit              776             "37             'W7

                                     ruw ii c.r.s.,  CTATIOI 3-26  07/01/69 » io/30/M
                 786  •
             -  555
                    6lt             670             1Z75            1M'            *•*

                                    ru.» II C.F.S., STATIOI 5-10  07/01/69 TO 10/JO/M
                                                                                                JOW
Figure  4  Continued
                                                      35

-------
                             *    •
        Mfe
II C.P.9., SUTIOI
                                                 10
                                            07/01 /« *> 10/N/M
                                                            in
             .40
           g .31
                         TB~      ~1S5—      —55!—
                          KLOK II C.r.S., STJITIOI T-2Q 07/01/69 TO 10/30/6')
Figure 5.    Relationship  Between Fluoride  Concentration and  Flow
               Volume
                                         36

-------
            0.51,
             0.1*
           8  0.36
             0.28
                                                779            "»
                                      If C.f.S., SWTIOI S-26  07/01/69 JO 10/JO/M
              .55    .
                                   670             1275            1M'
                                    JUW II C.f.a., 8T»TIOH S-10  07/01/M » 10/30/69
Figure  5  Continued
                                                      37

-------
           15.3
            1.3
                          \k5          279          V*
                           net a C.P.I., aunoi s-w or/n/M n IO/JO/H
           15.0  •
             ..,
                           2M          5M          T«)
                           no* II C.F.I.. RATIO! T-JO OT/01/M 10 !»/»/«
                                                             101*
Figure 6.    Relationship  Between  Sodium  Concentration  and  Flow
               Volume
                                          38

-------
            20.0   •
           f „,
                               in*            m           «»
                                yum M c.r.s.. »»tioi j-J6  or/w/W »
              13.1
            f   „
                               470            1Z7S           'M1
                                nx* n O.F.I., STATIOI 1-10 07/01/M TO io/y>/*9
Figure  6.  Continued
                                                39

-------
           u.a
                          1hk         27*         V*         »*
                           not n c. F. a., stain* s-5*. o7/oi/fc» 10 io/30/*»
             »3
                                      Jit
                            i u O.T.I.. mnw T-M 07/oi/M n
                                                           105*
Figure  7.   Relationship  Between  Magnesium Concentration and

               Flow Volume
                                       40

-------
          n
                         knou a C.T.I.. KITIOI «-M n/ot/M 10
                                                            HOT
          U
Figure 7  Continued
                                         41

-------
                           us          zr>         v*
                            ntH II C.T.S., ST«TIOI S-52 OT/OI/M TB 10/JO/M
              300 .
           3 u,
                               II C.r.l., STATIC! T-ZO OT/01/W TO 10/30/M
                                                              1054
Figure  8.    Relationship  Between  Calcium Concentration  and  Flow
               Volume

-------
             tog
          1
          3
               7  f

                                 FLO* » C.F.S.,  ««I01 3-2*  07/01/W tO 10/JO/W
               131
             3
             S
             6
                u
                                 670            1275            'M'
                                  HX» II C.F.t.. ItiTIOl S-10 07/01/69 TO 10/30/61
Figure   8  Continued
                                                    43

-------
domestic  or industrial  sources will be relatively constant, then
if  domestic or  industri?! sources  are the principal  sources for
these materials,  the  fluxes  of the  materials  in the  river  would
be  relatively constant and independent of flow.  Examination
of Figures  18-20 (see later discussion)  shows  that the fluxes
of these materials  increase tremendously with increasing  flows.
Thus the  lower concentrations at high flows  must reflect  the
concentrations of runoff and/or  ground water rather than  a
dilution of  a  constant input.  Secondly,  examination of the
concentrations of these  chemicals  above  and  below the Tiffin
Sewage treatment plant  (station  S-22 and S-20)  shows that there
is little or no increase in  concentration  of these components
below the treatment plant,  regardless of the flow condition (see
Appendix).   Thus even the high concentrations at low flows
reflect the water quality of the  surface  runoff and/or ground
water rather than the addition of domestic wastes to the  river.

A third reason that the observed high concentration at low flows
and low concentration at high flows cannot reflect dilution of
a  constant  input  is that this  pattern  is very  apparent even at
station T-20  where there are neither sewage treatment plants
nor industrial sources upstream from the station.

In the case of fluorides it  is possible that,  as  a consequence of
fluoridation of drinking  water,  the input  through the treatment
plant represents  a  considerable fraction  of the  total fluoride
loading.   Thus,  in part, the pattern of increasing  concentrations
with  decreasing flows could  represent decreasing amounts of
dilution of  a  constant input.  Even for fluorides there is  a
considerable  amount  of  loading within the ground water and
surface runoff water.  The appearance of this pattern at  station
T-20, as well as the increasing fluoride flux which accompanies
increasing  flow (Figure 17),  supports the importance of surface
runoff and  ground water in influencing the  relationship between
concentration and stream flow for  fluoride.

Plant Nutrients

In contrast to the pattern of concentration versus flow observed
for the above chemicals and for conductivity,  the concentrations of
                              44

-------
jor plant nutrients which are contained within fertilizers
ither no consistent  pattern with  respect to flow or else,
he case for  total phosphorus,  tend to  show higher concen-
s at higher flows.   Figure 9 shows  the  relationship
a the concentration  of  total phosphorus and flow.  At
 S-52 the concentration of total phosphorus at the low flow
does resemble the earlier pattern.   At medium and  high
 however,  the concentration  remains at high levels.  At
s T-20, S-26 and S-10 even  at low flows the pattern is
.ifferent from the earlier pattern.   For  these  stations the
hosphorus concentration  tends  to increase with flow
iout the entire range of  flows.   There is  considerable
on in total phosphorus  concentration at any given  flow.

 case of total phosphorus,  the  relationship between concen-
 and flow reflects  the  contribution of  two major  sources
e river,  domestic  sewage and agricultural runoff.   At
 S-52 within the low flow range,  the concentration increases
ecreasing flow.   This  probably reflects  decreasing amounts
.tion of  the  effluent  from  the treatment plant as flow
.ses.  The contribution of domestic sewage to the total
torus content of the river is  also apparent from the  incre-
 of  total phosphorus concentration above and below the
 sewage  treatment plant.

IV  shows the effects of  effluents from the  Tiffin sewage
tent  plant on the concentrations of  a variety of chemicals.
ita  include the 10 highest flows and  the  10 lowest flows
 the July 1 through October  30 period.   Station S-22 is
0.5  miles upstream from the treatment plant  while  station
s about 2.2 miles downstream.  Phosphorus  loading is
ally apparent during low flow periods.   In contrast  to
torus, note  that there  is no  significant increase in magnesium
ttration  above and below  the  treatment plant under either
r low flow conditions.

ifects of domestic loading of total  phosphorus  are not
;nt at stations T-20, S-26 and S-52.   At these stations  the
>hosphorus concentration actually decreases as flow  volume
.ses.
                         45

-------
            i.M
            0.6S
             0.19 •
                II
                            *2          klk         70S
                            ru>« II C.P.J., ST4TI01 S -52 07/01/M tO WJO/6?
            t.%0
            t.o.
            0.72
            o.oe
                                                             1056
                               II C.F.3.. STATIC! T-20 07/01/69 TO I0/30/t9
Figure 9.    Relationship  Between  Total  Phosphorus Concentration
               and  Flow  Volume
                                         46

-------
              0.58
                                  fcl*            71*            "35           'M7
                                   rU» II C.r.S.. STAIIOI S-Z6 07/01/W 10 10/30/M
                                                                                           1958
                «.o*
                       • •      I
                                   479
                                       II 0. f. I., IUTM 1-10. OT/OVH to '0/30/M
Figure  9  Continued
                                                    47

-------
00
        TABLE IV.
           Date
Comparison of Total Phosphorus, Orthophosphorus,  B.O.D. and
Magnesium Concentrations Above and Below the Tiffin Sewage Treatment
Plant During High and Low Flows
                     Orthophosphorus
                     S-22       S-20
                     Above     Below
   Magnesium
 S-22     S-20
Above    Below

CO
o
l—t
fa
•*->
CO
Ja
60
•H
ffi


co
O
fa
•M
CO

-------
At all of  the  gage stations the  high  concentrations  of  total
phosphorus  during periods of medium and high flow reflect the
high concentrations of phosphorus  in the  surface runoff water.,
During  periods  of high surface runoff considerable sheet erosion
takes place and  large quantities of silt are  carried into the
stream.  The binding of  phosphates to the silt particles probably
accounts  for  the  high phosphate concentrations present  in the
runoff water.  Such binding  of phosphates to  silt is well
established. 8

The relationship  between soluble orthophosphorus concentration
and flow  is similar to that for total phosphorus  (Figure 10).
They differ in that most of  the phosphorus  entering the stream
from sewage  treatment plants  is soluble orthophosphorus whereas
most of the phosphorus accompanying silt  runoff shows up  only
in  the  total phosphorus test.   Also  the  concentration  of soluble
orthophosphorus  is much more subject to modification  through
 biological processes  than is  the concentration of total phosphorus.
 For  example, phosphorus taken up  by phytoplankton disappears as
 soluble orthophosphorus  but  remains  a part of the total phos-
 phorus measurement.

 For  orthophosphorus  (Figure  10) at  station S-52 the  earlier pattern
 with high concentrations  at  low flows and low concentrations at
 high flows  is very apparent.   At  T-20  the  pattern is  similar to
 the total phosphorus pattern.   At the remaining two  stations, S-26
 and S-10,  there  is  no apparent pattern with  both high  and  low
 concentrations  occurring within the entire range of flow conditions.

 Figure 11  shows  the  relationship between nitrate-nitrogen concen-
 tration and flow.   The scatter within the nitrate-nitrogen graphs
 is probably a consequence of  two factors.   One, domestic sewage
 is not a significant contributor to the nitrate-nitrogen  content of
 water  and,  consequently, dilution  effects downstream from  treat-
 ment plants  will not  be  present.   This is indicated  by the fact
 that the  concentration of nitrate-nitrogen is  in the same range at
 S-52 as  at the  other stations  and  by the fact that there is little
 significant increase  in concentration above and  below the  Tiffin
 sewage treatment plant (see Appendix).
                              49

-------
            O.U,
                          2*2         klk          TOS
                           not n C.F.S.. mnoi s-» OT/OI/W » 10/30/69
            0.28
             0.13
             0.00 •
                           266         W)          79}          1056
                            FLOW I* C.r.S.. SUTIOI I-JO 07/01/69 TO IO/)0/69
Figure 10.    Relationship  Between  Soluble Orthophosphorus
                Concentration and  Flow  Volume
                                        50

-------
                                     rUM II C.F.I., 9MTIOI »-»
                                                                11*
                                                           of/01/*9 TO 10/30/M
                                                                               1WT
                O.W
                                    470            1i7S            1881
                                    FLOW II C.P.3., 3TATIOB 3-10, 07/01/69 TO 10/30/64
Figure 10  Continued
                                                   51

-------
            4.1*
          •
            <.<*
                                     ft*         M
                           no* H c.r.s.. SIATIOI vw 07/01/4* » IO/JO/H
                                                                       ita
            ».oo     •
          •



          f
                           ru» II c.p.a., IMTIOI T-20 07/01/« IS lO/XVM
Figure 11.    Relationship  Between Nitrate  Nitrogen Concentration
                and  Flow  Volume
                                       52

-------
             1.3
              4.1
                   a
                                  1,16             TT»
                                   FIX* ii c.r.s., nuioi
      "J7
07/01 /M TO
                                   670             1279           1861

                                    FLOW II C.r.S., STATIOI S-10  07/01/69 TO  10/30/69
                                                                               J1.86
Figure  11  Continued
                                                  53

-------
The  second factor giving rise to the scatter in the  nitrate-
nitrogen graph  is  that the concentration of nitrate-nitrogen varies
considerably within the  runoff water.   The  nitrate concentration
is correlated more closely with  season than with amount of  runoff
per  se.   Most  of  the  high  nitrate concentrations occurred in July
while low  concentrations occurred  during  August and September.
This probably corresponds  to the application of nitrogen fertilizer
to the fields.   The high solubility  of the  nitrogen fertilizers
could account for  rapid leaching of nitrates from the  soils.

Potassium (Figure 12) shows considerable variation in concentra-
tion at low flows, and at higher flows  there is little if any
tendency for  the  concentration to drop to  the  low range.   This
behavior of potassium can  also be attributed to the application
of potassium fertilizers  and  surface runoff.

Biochemical Oxygen Demand and Dissolved  Oxygen

Figure  13  shows the  relationship between B.O.D.  concentration
and flow.   There are considerable  variations in B.O.D.,
especially  at the low  range of flows.   Even the high  B.O.D.
values  are not excessively high.   The median B.O.D. values  at
stations S-52,  T-20,  S-26  and S-10 were 5.0,  2.6, 3.3 and 3.9
mg/1,  respectively.   Given the location of  S-52 below a treatment
plant,  higher values  could  have  been  anticipated.

The wide  range of B.O.D.  values  at  low flows can be attributed
to any one of several  of the factors which  affect B. O. D.-D. O.
relationships in a stream.    These  include temperature,  rate of
flow,  amounts  of  B. O. D. loading and  algal growth.

The B.O.D.  values at medium and high flows were quite  similar
to those found  at  low flows.   This  indicates that surface runoff
does contain  B.O.D.  materials.  Since oxygen deficiencies  do not
occur during the high water periods (see Figure  14),  the  presence
of this  material would  be of little significance  to conditions in
the  river.  In  terms  of total organic  loading into Lake  Erie,  the
B.O.D. fluxes  during high flows could be significant.
                               54

-------
The  concentrations of oxygen  as  a function  of flow is shown in
Figure 14.   The oxygen  concentrations which are plotted  are
those which were observed at the time of sample collection and
consequently represent neither the highest nor the lowest D.O.
at a given station on a given  day.   Sample  collections were done
during the morning  hours and the collection route was reversed
on alternate  days so at a given station the  D. O.  measurement
does not represent the same time  of  day.

The  graphs are nevertheless quite instructive in  showing  that at
low flows the concentrations range widely both  above and below
saturation values while at medium and high flows the concentra-
tions are near saturation levels.   The wide variations in D.O.
during low flow conditions are most likely due  to the presence
of algae.   The algae could  be responsible for  both  the  high and
low  D.O. values, depending  on time  of collection and weather
conditions.   Effects of B. O. D.  could also be involved in  the low
D.O. values observed  during the low flow periods.    This -would
certainly be  the  case at  station S-52.   The D.O. values  at other
sampling locations fell in the same range as those  shown for
the gage stations  in Figure 14 (see Appendix).

Four water quality monitors which provide  continuous records  of
D.O. are located along the Sandusky River and  Tymochtee  Creek.
A summary  of D.O. data from, these monitors  is shown in Table
V.   Unfortunately the monitor at S-52 was  out  of order for most
of the low flow period.  The monitor near  Mexico  is about two
miles  upstream from the stream gage at S-26 where our measure-
ments are made.  The monitor  at Fremont is located downstream
from the city below the  Fremont treatment plant and is in  no
way comparable  to  our station S-10.   Low  D.O.  values are very
common at this portion of the river.  At the stations where our
own D. O.  measurements  can be directly compared with monitor
data the daily maximum and minimum values bracket our own
measurements.
                              55

-------
                            1*5          279         felt
                            fLW ii e.r.i.. nmoi s-st 07/01/M 10 to/JO/w
            3.1.3
                           »»T          5*1          T*.
                            H0« II C.P.9.. mtlOl T-20 07/01/M TO 10/)0/b9
Figure  12.   Relationship  Between  Potassium  Concentration  and
                Flow  Volume
                                       56

-------
              3.5
              2.5
                                 fUM II C.r.S.. JUTIOI I/M  07/tt/M TO 10/30/M
              M
               4,7
               3.7 ••  •
                               670            1275           1W
                                ru* ii c.r.s.. WHICH §-io  07/oi/M TO IO/JO/M
                                                                                      JOV
Figure  12  Continued
                                                 57

-------
        s
        i
          0.}
                          2*2         kTk

                         ru» ii c.r.s., n»ioi s-». OT/OI/M TO to/»/«
          5.1
        i
        i-
          o.z   •
                         2U          5Z9         793

                         not II C.F.S., STATIC! T-ZO 07/01/69 TO 10/JO/M
Figure  13.    Relationship  Between  Biochemical Oxygen  Demand

                and  Flow  Volume
                                     58

-------
           7.98
            0.9)        •
                                VI            Tlk            "35
                                FLOW II C.F.3., STATIOI 3-26  07/01/W W 10/30/69
             6.3
          t-

          L-

          £
          a  3.2
              1.4
                                      II C.r.8., SIMIOI S-10 07/01/69 10 10/30/69
Figure  13  Continued
                                                   59

-------
         10.1
                                          •
                                          •
                       tu         kn
                       not u C.F.S., SMTIOI S-K, 07/ot/M
         10.5  .
                                 ••»
                           C.r.M.. 3T«TIO« T./O.
Figure 14.   Relationship Between Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
              and Flow  Volume
                                  60

-------
           u.o
                             M*           nk            "is
                             run ii c.r.a., stuioi s-tt. OT/OI/M to IO/JO/M
            8.8
                              711            IK*           '*«

                              run li c.r.x.. TMTIUI a-io. 07/oi/« K> io/»/w
Figure  14  Continued
                                              61

-------
TABLE V.   Summary  of D. O. Concentration Data from
             Continuously  Recording Water Quality Monitors

Location          Period          Minimum D.O.   Maximum D. O.
                                  During Period    During Period

S-52          July 1 - July 31        5.0 ppm          15 ppm
              Aug.  1 - Aug.  7       3.9               15
              Aug.  15 - Aug.  27
              Sept. and Oct.  - out of order

St. Johns     July 1 - July 31        5.7                8.0
Bridge near  Aug.  1 - Aug.  31      5.8               12.2
Mexico       Sept.  1  - Sept.  30     4.9                8.9
              Oct.  1 - Oct. 20       7.6               10. 1

Fremont     July 1  - July 17 - out of order
              July 18  - July  31       2.2                5.0
              Aug.  1 - Aug.  31      2.2               14.7
              Sept.  1  - Sept.  30     2.1                9.4
              Oct.  1 - Oct. 17       2. 1               11. 1

T-20         July  1  - July 31       4.4                9.2
Tymochtee   Aug.  1  - Aug.  31      1.5               13.3
Creek       Sept.  1  - Sept.  30     4.1               11.2
              Oct.  1 -               4.5               12.0
                              62

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                        SECTION IX

      EXTRAPOLATION OF  DATA  TO  MORE  SEVERE
                 LOW  FLOW CONDITIONS
As pointed out in Section VII,  the lowest flows which were
observed during  this study are  3  to  4 times greater than  the
2-year frequency,  7-day duration low flows.   Although it  would
be very useful to have direct measurements of conditions  that
occur during such low flows,  it is possible  to predict conditions
based on the data  and  interpretations presented earlier.

As the graphs  shown in  Figures 4-14 were prepared, the  line
marking  the  Y-axis was  offset from the lowest value on the
X-axis so that the lowest values  of flow would not fall on the
line.   Given the  arithmetic scale of flow values on the X-axis,
the space between the  lowest  flow value listed and the  line
marking  the  Y-axis is more than enough to  include the lowest
flows.   In  other  words,  extrapolating the  graphs  to the left as
far as the  line marking  the Y-axis is more than  sufficient to
reach the lowest flow values.

Background Chemicals

For  the background chemicals such as  fluoride,  sodium,  magnesium
and calcium, the  concentration versus flow graphs  (Figures 5-8)
show  a clustering  of points in the low flow  range  and considerable
variation in concentration at these low  flow  values.   Within the
cluster of points at the low flow  range  there is no pronounced
trend toward higher concentrations at lower flows.

To confirm this  we have replotted the graphs  on  an expanded
scale in  low flow range.   The  results shown in Figure  15 for
fluoride,  sodium,  calcium and magnesium at station S-26  are
typical of those at all  of the  stations.  Only in the case of fluoride
is there  an apparent trend toward higher concentrations at lower
flows within  the  low flow range.   As mentioned earlier, this
probably results  from  the input of fluorides from  domestic  sources.
                               63

-------
          0.1*
          0.36
          0.2*
                         100         200         JOO
                    run ii c.F.9.. LW n.w RAIU. simoi s-z6. OT/OI/W » 10/30/49
                                                                     ffO
           7.Z
           l.i
               0          100         200         '°°
                    FUW II C.F.9., U>» HOW H»M», BAIIOH »-J6. 07/01/M TO 10/30/M
Figure  15.    Concentration-Flow Relationships  for  Fluoride,
                Sodium,   Calcium and  Magnesium  Under Low Flow
                Conditions
                                     64

-------
            Jt.8
             3.0  .
                   0              100             200             300
                          ruw ii c.r.i.. urn not RJUWI, ST«TIO« i-tt, 07/01/69 TO 10/30/69
             W.9
          i
          !
              T.C
                                                                                •
                                                                               UOO
                                  100            200             JOO
                             ii C.F.S., w» ruw B«O«, ««io» s-2t. 07/01/69 TO 10/30/69
Figure  15  Continued
                                                   65

-------
Fluoride seems to provide the only example of dilution effects
accompanying flow which  is apparent  at  all of the  stations.
Possibly various toxic chemicals could respond to flow in a
similar way.

The  remaining chemicals--sodium,  magnesium, and calcium--
show no definite trend toward higher  concentrations  at lower
flows within the  low flow range.   Therefore,  in the event of
more severe  low flows,  the  concentrations of  these  chemicals
would probably fall in the same  range as found in the low flows
observed during  this  study.

Plant Nutrients

For  plant nutrients the expected concentration at  severe low
flows depends on both the particular  nutrients in  question and the
location along the  river.   In  the case of total phosphorus (Figure
9) at station  S-52  there does  appear  to  be a  significant trend
toward  higher concentrations  at  lower flows within  the low flow
range.   This would  be expected  on the basis  of decreasing
amounts of dilution of the effluent from  the Upper Sandusky
sewage treatment plant.   Thus at even lower flows the phosphorus
concentration would  probably  tend to  increase.

At the  other  three stations,  T-20,  S-26 and S-10,  the general
trend is toward  decreasing concentrations of  total phosphorus with
decreasing  flows.   This trend would  probably  continue.   Either
increased uptake of  phosphorus  by fixed aquatic plants, chemical
precipitation  of phosphate  as  flow volume decreases, or  decreased
agricultural loading  through surface runoff are possible explana-
tions for the  observed trend.

The  behavior of soluble  orthophosphorus  (Figure  10) is similar  to
that  of  total phosphorus.   At locations immediately downstream
from treatment plants the concentration of  soluble orthophosphorus
would  be even higher  during  severe low flow  conditions.   Extrapola-
tions of the data for stations   T-20,  S-26 and  S-10  in  Figure 10
suggest  the orthophosphorus concentrations would be variable and
                            66

-------
in the  same  range as observed during this  study.   No  trend
toward higher concentrations at lower flows is  apparent.

For  nitrate-nitrogen and potassium (Figures  11  &: 12),  trends
within  the  low flow range are  generally  lacking.   Possibly under
severe low flow  conditions the same  wide range of concentrations
would  be found as  were found  during  the low flows in this  study.
If agricultural  surface runoff and/or  drain  tile  effluents are the
major  determinants of the concentration of  these materials, then
under  severe low flow it  is  possible  that the concentration of
these materials would drop.

Biochemical  Oxygen Demand and  Dissolved  Oxygen

As for B.O.D.  conditions during  serious low flow periods
extrapolations of the  graphs  in Figure 13 indicate merely that  a
wide range of B.O.D. values  could be  expected.  Probably at
station S-52  under serious low flow  conditions the B.O.D.  would
increase but this depends in part on  how changing flow rates
affect  the position  of  the  D.O.  sag.   Table IV  shows that  even
at low flows  there is  little  increase in B.O.D.  below the Tiffin
sewage treatment plant.

All in  all,  the  B.O.D.  values  in  the  areas  of the river under
study are not excessively high and  probably would not  become  so
under  serious low  flow  conditions unless they were associated  with
algal blooms, combined sewer overflows or bypasses.   We have
data associated  with other investigations  that show high B.O.D.
values are problems  below  both Fremont and Bucyrus.

In the  case of oxygen, extrapolations of the graphs in  Figure 14
would indicate that wider  extremes in the D.O.  can be anticipated
during periods  of lower flows.  Confirmation of this  will  be
possible  upon publication  of  the water quality monitor data during
the low flow  periods  which  occurred  during the  late summer and
fall of 1970.

As mentioned in the preceding section,  along most sections of the
river the low oxygen  levels  are  more likely to  be caused by algal
respiration than  by B.O.D.   loading from sewage treatment plants.
Apart from the  nutrient considerations  which have been discussed
                            67

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earlier,  there is a basis for anticipating much more algal growth
during severe low flow conditions than what occurred during this
study.   The basis is that as the flow decreases the length of
time  it takes for water to move  through  the stream increases.
The increases in time of travel as flow decreases can probably
be  very  large.   In a flow augmentation study  on the Scioto  River
information  is presented  which illustrates this effect. 9  Some
of these data are  summarized in Table VI.   These calculations
were carried out for projected critical flows and  did not extend
to low flows.   If the trend present for the various critical  flows
is extended  to low  flows,  then one could  expect 2- to  4-fold
increases  in the time of  travel  in going from  the  80% flow  to
the low  flows.

A limited  number of dye tracer studies were  done on  the Sandusky
River by Heidelberg  students during  the summer  of 1970. J0   The
times of travel which they observed  in a 0. 56 mile section  of the
river immediately downstream from  the Bucyrus  Treatment Plant
were 3.9  hours  at  13 C. F. S.,  5.05  hours  at  9 C.F.S.  and 6.25
hours at 3.5 C.F.S.   These data support the  trend of longer
travel times at lower flows.

An additional consideration which leads to the prediction of  sub-
stantially  longer travel times  as flow decreases is that  in areas
of the river where water is backed up by low head dams the
volume of water behind the dams will probably not change greatly
during low flow  conditions.  Certainly  the volume  of water  behind
the dam will not be proportional to the flow.  If  the volume were
constant,  then the time of travel would be  inversely proportional
to the flow.   Given the difference in flow between 80%  levels and
2-year frequency,  7-day  duration flows, the effect could lead to
2- to 3-fold increases in time  of travel between these two  flow
levels.   Several such low head dams are present  in the  study area.

The original  study  plan called for extensive time of travel  studies
in the Sandusky using dye tracers.    During the first year we did
become familiar with the techniques  but did not have the opportunity
to actually undertake such studies in the  river.

The increased time of travel probably  constitutes  the most important
change in  the river in going from 80% flow to severe low flow
                              68

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TABLE VI.  Relationships Between Time of Travel and Flow in
             the Scioto River*

  Flow                Cumulative Time of Passage for Travel
  Regime               of 400, 000 ft.  below  Columbus
  C.F.S.

    300                              8.4 days

    200                             11.5 days

    134                             16.8 days

     54 (80% flow level)             No prediction

     10 (frequently observed         No prediction
        to flow)
* Data from  Report on Waste Treatment and Low Flow
  Augmentation Study of the Lower Scioto River.
                             69

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conditions.   If algal bloom development follows an exponential
growth  curve,  then even  slight increases  in time of  travel  could
greatly increase the algal concentration at a given site.   The
extent to which algal growth  is  time limited  as opposed  to  nutrient
limited is a very important question in predicting augmentation
effects,  and the data currently available do not allow evaluation
or even prediction  of the  relative importance  of the  two effects.
Other  limiting factors such as temperature and light would also
have to  be  considered.

The  preceding discussion  assumes that  phytoplankton comprise
the significant plant community  responsible for the diurnal  oxygen
fluctuations.  If attached algae are  the  major factors,  then neither
the time  of passage changes  nor nutrient  concentrations  are likely
to be as  important factors in affecting the extent of  algal  growth
as these  factors would be for phytoplankton growth.   However, the
volume of water present in the  stream  would  still greatly influence
the extent of diurnal oxygen  fluctuations.  As the flow volume
decreases,  given rates of respiration and photosynthesis would
cause  greater fluctuations in oxygen concentration.   Possibly the
flow volume would  also  affect the light  intensity reaching algae
attached to the bottom of  the stream.

Whether the algae  that cause diurnal fluctuations  are planktonic  or
attached, conditions during severe low flows are  such that greater
OT fluctuations  would be  expected.   These fluctuations would  include
many instances where the oxygen level  would fall well below  the
acceptable levels according to state water quality standards.
                              70

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                        SECTION X

   PROSPECTS FOR  FLOW  AUGMENTATION BENEFITS
In the  preceding section,  predictions  of  conditions  in the river
during severe low flow periods were  based on  extrapolation of
data in Figures 4-14  from the conditions in the low flow range
toward the line  marking the  Y-axis and  on consideration of input
sources of the components.   In part,  predictions of the effects
of flow augmentation  involve  retracing the above extrapolations
and looking back  toward the  conditions in  the  river as  they were
observed  in this study.  Consideration must also be given  to  the
fact that the inputs to the  river  which are maintaining  these flows
during flow augmentation  are quite  different from the inputs which
maintain similar  flows  when  supported by natural runoff and/or
ground water.

Background Chemicals

From  Table 3 it  can  be seen that while maintaining  an 80% flow
when the  natural  stream flow is at the 2-year frequency,  7-day
duration low flow value, from 58% to 67% of the water flowing
through the stream would  have come from the upground reservoir.
Since  the reservoirs  are  filled during periods  of high  flow, the
augmentation  water would  have fairly low  concentrations of the
background chemicals.

The previous  extrapolations  to severe low flow conditions  for back-
ground chemicals  predicted  a wide range  of concentrations centered
at fairly  high values.   Based simply  on dilution considerations,  as
the amount of flow augmentation necessary to  maintain 80% flow
levels increases,  the  range  of observed concentration  should  shift
downward  and become narrower.   This  is illustrated in Figure 16
which is  based on the  range of  calcium concentrations  projected
at station  S-26 during  severe low flows.  Again,  the graph assumes
that,  as the natural stream flow drops from the lowest levels
observed  to severe low flow conditions, the range and  distribution
of calcium concentrations  will show -no  significant  change.   Dilu-
tion calculations  were  made  for natural stream flow concentrations
ranging from 60  to 160 mg/1.   The  dilution water from the
                              71

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            160

                        20
40
60
80
100
                Percent of water from upground reservoir
                (Assumes  10 mg/1  calcium in augmentation water
                   and constant total flow)

Figure  16.   Projected Dilution Effects  During Flow  Augmentation
                              72

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upground  reservoir was  assumed to have a  calcium concentra-
tion  of  10 mg/1.  This figure is based on the calcium concentra-
tions of Tymochtee Creek.   It  is assumed  that  the  same  pattern
of concentration versus flow observed during  the  summer-fall
period will  hold during the winter and spring months  when  the
reservoir will be filled.  At present we  have no  data to  support
this.

Dilution calculations were made for maintaining a constant  flow
where the augmentation water comprises 15%, 30%,  45%, 60% and
75% of  the  total flow.   As  can be seen in  the graph,   as  the
percent of flow augmentation water increases, the range  of calcium
concentrations shift downward and become  narrower.

The extent  to which straightforward dilution calculations can  be
applied to the background chemicals  remains  to be seen.   Possibly
exchange  of materials with the stream bottom during these
relatively low flow periods (and consequently longer passage
times)  would prevent the transport of "low  concentration" water
over long distances without considerable increases  in concentra-
tion.  At times  when low concentration water is  moving down
the  stream both the high flow volume and diminished travel time
could mask exchanges with the river  bed.   Concentration by
evaporation in the stream could also  interfere with straightforward
dilution calculations.

In the  absence  of  information on stream bed  exchange and  evapora-
tive  concentration,  the "first  approximation"  prediction for effects
of flow augmentation  on the background group of  chemicals is that
effects similar in principle to  those  outlined  in Figure 16 for
calcium would  occur.   The significance  of  this particular effect
in terms  of the overall  response  of  the  river to  flow augmentation
is difficult to assess.  As with all evaluation of  flow augmentation
effects, one must consider not only  the  conditions  which  have been
produced but also the conditions  which have been prevented.   The
effect of  apparently small  changes in concentration of some chemi-
cal  from low flow to augmented flow conditions could be  greatly
magnified by the altered time  of travel conditions which  accompany
augmented  flow.
                               73

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Plant Nutrients

It is more  difficult to predict the effects  of flow  augmentation on
the concentrations of total  phosphorus and other plant nutrients.
The relationship  between total phosphorus  concentration and  flow
during the  period of  this study indicates that  at high flows the
total phosphorus  concentration tends  to  be high.  At station  T-20
these high  concentrations persist to  fairly low flows and, if
similar  conditions prevail  in early spring  when the reservoir is
to  be filled,  the  initial  phosphate concentrations could be rather
high.  If high phosphorus concentrations are present initially,
then the fate within the reservoir of these concentrations during
spring and summer would  be  of  interest,  especially to  the  extent
that the high total phosphorus enters in combination with silt.
Also,  the  absence of thermal stratification in upground reservoirs
could tend  to keep the  nutrients  circulating within the  entire
volume  of  the reservoirs.   Although it  is  not a foregone conclu-
sion, for  purposes of further analysis,  let us  assume that  the
water for augmentation does have a  total  phosphorus  concentration
equal to 0. 1 mg per liter  which is  the  next to  lowest value  shown
in Figure 9  for  station T-20.

The effects of flow  augmentation on  the concentrations  of chemicals
in the river depend  to a great extent on the input sources of the
chemical.   If the substance is carried to  the river as  part  of  the
surface  runoff or ground water,  then the  fluxes of the  material
into the river will probably decrease as the volume of runoff
and/or  ground water decreases.   This assumes that there is not
a compensating increase in concentration  of the material as the
flow volume decreases.   These  are  the kinds of  substances for
which the  calculations  of  Figure 16  are applicable.   For them,
as the  percent of augmentation  increases, their concentration will
decrease depending on the relative  concentrations of  the natural
stream  flow and the augmentation water.

If  the source of  the  material is primarily from a town  or  industry
which provides a relatively constant input of  the  material
independent of stream  flow,  the results will be different.    Main-
taining flow  by increasing  amounts  of  augmentation as natural
                                74

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stream flow decreases will result in the concentration of the
material in the receiving stream remaining constant rather than
decreasing.

In the case of phosphorus,  domestic  sewage  treatment plants
certainly constitute significant inputs to the river.   These inputs
provide a  relatively constant  flux into the river.  In addition,
agricultural  surface runoff  also  contributes  significant inputs
into  the river.   These fluxes from agricultural runoff vary
tremendously with the amount of runoff.   This double  source
of phosphate greatly complicates the  job of  predicting  the conse-
quences of varying amounts of flow  augmentation on phosphorus
concentrations.   Added to  this is the problem  of uptake  of
phosphorus by fixed plants  and/or precipitation of phosphates
along the  stream;  predictions thus become even more  difficult.

Analyses of  the patterns of concentration versus flow  for total
phosphorus (Figure 9) indicate that at locations immediately down-
stream from sewage  treatment plants the predominant loading at
low  flows  is from the treatment plant.    This is  also  apparent
from the data  in  Table IV.   At  these locations,  as  the amounts
of flow augmentation  increase in maintaining 80% flow,  the
phosphorus concentrations  will probably remain constant and,
consequently, the values would be similar  to those observed at
these locations  during the  low flow periods  of  this  study.

The  graphs for stations  T-20, S-26 and  S-10 indicate  that phos-
phorus  concentrations  decrease  as flows decrease.  Under  these
conditions  the  phosphate fluxes are decreasing rapidly with
decreasing flow and,  consequently,  dilution effects by  flow
augmentation water would  be  very large.   For these three  stations
the lowest phosphate  concentrations  during the year would occur
during the  20% of the  time that  flow was  being augmented.   The
data indicate that  at all  other times  the  phosphorus concentration
would be larger than during periods  of  augmentation.

In summary, with flow augmentation the concentration of total
phosphorus at locations  immediately  downstream from treatment
plants would remain at approximately the same high levels  as were
observed during the lowest flow levels of this  study.   At sites
                              75

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further downstream  the  concentration  would decrease  significantly
as the percent  of flow augmentation increases.

What flow augmentation  prevents is even higher phosphate  concen-
trations  below  treatment plants  and moderately  high phosphate
concentrations  at sites further downstream.   Both of  these would
have occurred  in combination with greatly  increased time  of
travel during severe low flow periods.   Thus the conditions which
conspire to  support serious algal blooms during severe low flow
periods  could be significantly alleviated  by augmented flow.

The effects  of  augmentation on  orthophosphorus would probably
parallel those  of total phosphorus.  Given  the lack of any
significant trends  in the concentration-flow curves for nitrates
and potassium  (Figures  11 &  I2>,  predictions of flow augmentation
effects will  not be attempted.

Biochemical Oxygen Demand and Dissolved Oxygen

For most sections of the river  within the  study area  the projected
B.O.D.  values during severe low flows  were the same as  those
observed  under the low flow conditions in  this  study;  i. e.,
extremely variable  but  generally low.   For the most part, these
values probably represent  "natural" B.O.D.  development as
opposed to  the effects of outside loading (B.O.D.  contained within
 surface runoff water is considered part  of the  natural B. O. D.}.
Since in all sections of the river except those  immediately  below
the reservoir, the  B.O.D.  of the augmentation water would have
 reached its  "natural" level,  it  is not possible to assume direct
dilution effects on B. O. D. values in  most sections of the  stream.
 The  only  exception  for  this is in the  areas immediately below
 sewage  treatment plants.  At these sites the B.O.D. values would
 remain  at the  values observed  during the lowest flow periods in
this  study.   What is prevented  by flow augmentation is even higher
 B.O.D. values at these locations during severe low flow  conditions.

Since the oxygen  status  of the water  is  closely coupled to  the
 B.O.D. and algal  concentrations,  it  is apparent that  flow  augmenta-
tion will  significantly affect the oxygen condition in the stream.
 The  conditions in the stream during  flow augmentation  should be
                               76

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similar to those found at 80% flow levels or during  the lowest
flows of this  study.   Flow  augmentation  effects on D. O.  through
dilution of B. O. D.  would be  limited  to areas immediately below
treatment plants.   For the study area these effects  would be  much
less important  than the augmentation  effects associated with a
diminution of algal blooms.
                                77

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                         SECTION XI

         EXTENSION OF DATA TO RELATED WATER
                  QUALITY CONSIDERATIONS
Relationship  Between Material  Fluxes and  Flow Volumes

Although the  main  objective of the surveillance program was to
observe the  relationship  between concentration of materials  and
flow volumes,  these  data also  provided information on material
fluxes.   The data from Figures  5-12 have  been  transformed to
material fluxes in  pounds per hour and are  shown in relation
to flow  volumes  (Figures 17-24).   The  fluxes  of the background
chemicals  (fluoride,  sodium, magnesium,  and calcium) are  shown
first, followed by the fluxes of the plant nutrients (total phos-
phorus, orthophosphorus, nitrate  and potassium).

In all cases  the  fluxes increase  markedly  with flow volume.   For
the chemicals  whose concentrations decrease with  increasing flow,
the magnitude  of the increases in  flow  is  sufficient to generate
the large increases in fluxes which occur.   The differences
between the fluxes  during high flows and low flows emphasize the
importance of  high flow  periods  in terms  of loading of materials
to downstream areas such as Lake Erie.   It should be noted that
the data presented  in the graphs include only the July 1 through
October 30,  1969 period.  If the  trends seen in these graphs
hold on a year-round basis,  then much higher fluxes  would  occur
during the high flow  periods of December  through  March.

The  differences in  fluxes between  high  flow  periods and low flow
periods are even more marked for substances where  high concen-
trations are  present  during high flows;  i.e.,  the plant nutrients.
For  these  the  loading during high  flows completely dwarfs the
loading  at  low  flows.   Table VII illustrates  this  point.   The 10
highest  and 10 lowest total  phosphorus  fluxes at stations S-10 and
S-26 are listed.   The  data  from approximately weekly collections
during the winter and spring of 1970  are included.   Also note
that  on  no occasion did the flow value drop  below  the  80% level.
The  conclusion from Table  VII and Figure  21 is  that  the fluxes
                             79

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            63.0
            1,6.4
          r-
          i
             16.1,
                     KtjoRiDi run, uvn
                         Minn    43.0
                         Kdlil    5.7
                         RIIDBX    i .2
                             2^2           kfk           70S
                              rum a c.r.s.. naiot s-sz 07/01/49 TO 10/30/49
                                                                                 1168
            S0.09
            19.75
            0.18 •
                      ILDORIDI PLOX, US/HR
                         KUDTOK   80.09
                                 (.18
                             24*           5M           793
                             »W» » C.F.S., S»TIOI T-20 07/01/49 « 10/30/49
1056
Figure  17.     Relationship  Between  Fluoride  Flux  and  Flow
                   Volume
                                            80

-------
            136.2
              #.1
              4,3
                        PLDORIDI FUJI. LU/U
1 5.0
 6.3
                            XDItl
                            nuncx
                                 420              7T»             "J»
                                  not ii c.r.s., SMIICI s-Z6 07/01/69 n 10/30/69
                                                                                                 185»
            .  122
                          noomn FLDX. us/nt
                             WUUWH   213.Z
                             m>iAi     15.6
                             HIItHUM     6.U
                                  670             1275              '»'
                                    H.OK II O.f.S.. 9T1TIOI S-10  07/01/M TO 10/30/69
                                                                                  2lt>6
Figure  17  Continued
                                                     81

-------
            196.3
              5.*
                        aODIflK PT.DI, LBS/M
                           PUIDTOH  T8lt.9
                           HDIU   914.9
                           «• mm   5.it
                               US            279            V2
                                 PUW II C.T.S.. 3T1II01 S-52 OT/01/M 1C 10/X/W
             327.5
                        SODIW FLD1, LBS/HS
                           uxncm IM.«
                           POBIAI   1*0.5
                           MIIIPTOM   •••
                               265.           S29            79]            1056
                                ru>« 111 c.r.s., SUTIOI 1-20 07/01/69 TO 10/30/49
Figure  18.    Relationship  Between  Sodium Flux  and  Flow
                    Volume
                                              82

-------
             -
                      900IW FUJI, LH/n
                         xunm   uw
                         •BUI    154
             58 -
                5'
l»12             773             "35
 FLO* » C.f.3.. STATIOH S-26 07/01/69 TO 10/JO/M
           KW.5
             *}.«
                       aoom run. uvn
                          noui    245.3
                          •nom   63.8
                                    II C.F.J.. STATIOI S-IO  07/OI/M Tu  10/10/
Figure  18  Continued
                                                 83

-------
        Iftfc.t
         MZ.»
          M.O •
                   TOTAL RAOnaXtM FLUX, LM/Ul
                                 111.1

                                  *T.e
                          u          in          k"
                           nov n C.F.S.. irtTioi s-sa or/vi/H » I«/JB/M
                    TOTAL KAMBSIOH TUSf>t
                                   »OT4
                           M          «M          **•
                           VUM II C.r.J.. mTlul t-» OT/U"M » IO/1U/M
Figure  19.   Relationship  Between  Magnesium  Flux  and  Flow

                 Volume
                                          84

-------
           swe
           27»7
           1520
                       mu Moaaim mo.
                                           ra
                                           K*
                 5»              viz              m              "x
                                 FLOW » C.F.S.,  St»TIO« S-26 07/01/69 TO 10/JO/M
           15287
           11308
            7635
            3963
                        TOTAL PUOKSIBK PUIX. LBS/n

                            HUDDH         1S287

                            NIDIAI            *A
                                 670
                                  l-U* I> C.r.S.. «»TIOI S-10  07/01/69 TO 10/3O/69
Figure   19  Continued
                                                    85

-------
           ioo«S
            7li59
            5033
                       TOTAL CALCIW FLOX, LM/W
                           PUIIOTH      10086
                           NIDUI         627
                           miunm        113
                               W            279            k12            Skt
                                nan ii c.r.s.. JTMIO» 3-52 07/01/69 TO 10/30/69
          11865.8
           872S.9
            58rr.li
                       TOT/U. uuim run
                           Mimn ttM$.8
                           HDIAI   595.4
                           HIIINCm   30.6
                              266            529            793            1056
                                H0t II C.F.9., STATIOH 1-20  07/01/69 TO 10/30/69
Figure   20.    Relationship  Between  Calcium  Flux  and  Flow
                    Volume
                                               86

-------
              11074
               TS10
                377 [•
                         totu. cu.ciw run, IK/I*
                             xunw       iMko
                                   VZ              T73              "M
                                    FLOV II C.P.3., 9TUIOI 9-26  07/01/M TO 10/JO/69
              33799
               991,7
                          KIAi. CILCIUM FLDI. LBS/HB
                              BUDm       J3799
                              IBDUI         2*27
                              uinnm         686
                                                                             .  v
                   Ut             670              127$             1161
                                    PLOW III C.P.8., STATION 8-10  07/01/69 TO 10/30/69
                                                                                  t,Bt
Figure   20  Continued
                                                     87

-------
         ltt.1
       J
       I
          .,3
                       mmm^va run, t.m/m
                                   I.*
                                   1.*
                          •>           M*           T05
                           no* ii c.f.».. *nnoi »-sz OT/OI/W » IO/JO/M
          23S.9*
          >T3.J»
          115.k
           57.W
                    mu rio»io!raj Fun. LB«/«
                                 IIS.*
                                   2.175
                                                               <0ft
                            FLC* ii c.r.s., KITIOI T-JO OT/OI/M TO
Figure  21.    Relationship Between  Total  Phosphorus  Flux and
                 Flow  Volume
                                        88

-------
            307 .k
            205.T
             IOIj.1
              2.*  '
                         TOTU, rn>Bom» run.
                                  12             TTk             "J5
                                   FLW II C.F.S., SI4TIOI »-it  07/01/69 10 10/JO/69
             7»1.8
              1K.2
                          TOTU. riovioras rua..  LBI/O
                                            7*1.7
                                            u.t
                                  670              1275            1M1
                                    nan ii c.r.s., stATioi »-io  or/oi/M TO io/30/w
                                                                                2486
Figure   21  Continued
                                                    89

-------
         307 Ji
         Z05.T
           .-
                   TOTU. rB»KIOI PtUX. Its/Hit
                      Ulimi        it>7.6
                      KOUI         9.9
                           i:          rm
                           FLOK II C.F.S.. »t»TIC» S-» 07/01/49 TO 10/JO/W
          7»i.e
          1K.2
                    TOTAL »»o»acKOJ nn. LSVHH
                       •unnrn       Tk< .7
                               ii c.r.i.. «*«oi
                                                   '*•'
                                                    TO i«/ja/»»
Figure  22.    Relationship Between Soluble  Orthophosphorus  Flux
                 and  Flow Volume
                                         90

-------
           79. JJ
             19.55
                                           MX.  UM/M
                                                 79.3J
                                                 J.07
                                                 0.17
                                   1,12             rn,              "»            iw
                                    TUM I» C.F.9.. STAIIOI 5-26 07/01/W TO 10/JO/W
             118.1
              66.8
              57.9
              28.9
                             JOLDBJ on»KWioiai run,
                                MAXIMUM       116.13
                                •DUI         9.06
                                • IIDDM         0.1,9
                                     70              1J75             >M1
                                      FU* II C.P.3.. SIATIOII S-10 07/01/M TO lfl/JO/69
                                                                                   2496
                                                                                                  JOM
Figure  22  Continued
                                                      91

-------
                      inun IITROOBI ruu. LBVHJ
                         1UIWW       1679.9
                         ND1AI         16.6
                         minm         1.7
                     •     •
                              V*           klk           70S           93?
                              FLOW H C.F.S.. STATIOI S-W 07/01/M TO 10/30/69
            951.5}
            63k.5«
                      IITUTI IITBCOH run, ue/ra
                                     2«.32
                                      0.67
                               •       •
                                                       791,
                                 III C.f.S., ST4TJO* T-iO 07/01/1,9 TO 10/JO/69
                                                                                1 320
Figure 23.    Relationship  Between  Nitrate-Nitrogen  Flux  and  Flow
                  Volume
                                          92

-------
                         •ITMTI nmooB run,
                             MLUHDM         l$»5.6
                             ttDUI          tt .4
                             Riiuni          11. T
                                                                              TtlT
                                   VLOH ti C.T.S., mrioi a-zt OT/OI/M 10 10/30/6*
            J115.S
                         IITUTI iiT»oon run, us/D
                             •uuni       W37.9S
                             •DIU         111.05
                             • IIMDK          T.IT
                                470             1275             e»t
                                  PLW U O.r.l., MillOl 1-10  OT/01/M TO 1V30/*»
                                                                                            30V
Figure  23  Continued
                                                  93

-------
          MZ.3
                   rouum run, ua/n
                               t.4
                           *5           m           MZ
                           PUM n C.F.S., aurioi 9-52 OT/OI/M ic IO/JO/M
          11*7.1
          «99.3
          351.5
                          run, LU/D
                                3.7
                          M7           530          m
                            ruw n a.r.t., STITIOI T-W 07/oi/M TO IO/JO/M
                                                                            1320
Figure  24.   Relationship  Between  Potassium  Flux and Flow

                 Volume
                                         94

-------
              Ml
               -•-•
                           ASSim FUJI, U3/IK

                            tUIOKM    '719

                            MBUI      '04

                                        50
                                  »t              631            *0
                                   FUJK n c.r.s.. auTioi s-26  or/oi/6* » 10/30/69
             1565
                         roTi3sim run. Las/nt

                                    J116.9
                                    161.6

                                     65.7
                  61,             670              1175             1N1
                                  not ii e.r.i., ITATIOI 1-10  07/01/4* n 10/30/1'
Figure  24  Continued
                                                    95

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TABLE VII.   Extremes  in Fluxes of Total Phosphorus at
              Stations  S-26 and S-10
                 Station S-10
Station  S-26




Ten
Highest
Fluxes







Ten
Lowest
Fluxes





Date

4/29/70
5/15/70
2/02/70
7/23/69
7/24/69
4/26/70
4/23/70
7/22/69
7/09/69
7/10/69
10/29/69
8/15/69
8/11/69
8/14/69
8/13/69
8/29/69
9/08/69
8/27/69
8/12/69
8/18/69
Flow
C.F.S.
9160
7704
11185
2539
2350
7760
2824
1902
3092
2245
68
64
75
78
78
68
128
78
78
89
Flux
Ibs/hr
1585
1246
1231
741
580
871
602
324
347
343
4
' 5
5
6
6
5
6
7
7
7
Date

4/29/70
5/15/70
2/05/70
11/20/69
7/23/69
7/22/69
7/09/69
4/20/70
7/10/69
7/24/69
9/01/69
9/04/69
8/15/69
8/14/69
8/12/69
8/18/69
8/11/69
10/27/69
10/20/69
8/29/69
Flow
C.F.S.
3415
1962
3618
3485
1858
1385
1500
2778
1858
1116
51
89
66
72
64
69
70
72
75
60
Flux
Ibs/hr
583
211
227
477
417
404
306
349
221
165
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
                              96

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during the relatively  few days of high flow and flood conditions
completely dwarf the  fluxes  of the majority of  the  time having
medium  and low flows.

The  problem of  estimating nutrient fluxes into  Lake Erie  is
complicated  by the fact  that there is considerable variation in
nutrient  fluxes at  given  flows.   Accurate annual loading data would
require  frequent monitoring  during high flow periods but one could
probably disregard fluxes during medium and low  flow periods.

Relative Contributions of Domestic and Agricultural Sources  of
  Phosphorus

Within the study area,  municipal waste  and rural  runoff constitute
the two  major sources of phosphorus.   Industrial  waste and  urban
runoff are probably insignificant.   The  relative importance of
agricultural  runoff in comparison with municipal waste  as  sources
of phosphorus is very important to  establish since all areas
surrounding  Lake  Erie are under pressure to reduce  phosphorus
loading.   Since  our data may be pertinent  with respect to  deter-
mining loading sources,  it will  be briefly discussed.

The data presented above indicate when the bulk of the phosphorus
is moving into Lake  Erie (i.e.,  during high flows),  but they do not
indicate  where the phosphorus is  coming from.  The  high fluxes
at high  flows have already been  noted by the F. W. Q.A. in the
Lake Erie South Shore Tributary Loading Data  Summary of  1967. J1

Existing data  can  give widely divergent estimates of loading sources
depending on interpretation  and  assumptions.   To illustrate  this,
two  examples will  be discussed using our  own data for the July
through  October period.

Although the fluxes varied  tremendously,  an average  daily flux  at
station S-10  can be calculated as 75  pounds  per hour.  The  average
waste loading from the  Tiffin sewage treatment plant for this
period was  reported  to  be  about 13 pounds  per hour.   Assuming
that this represents  about 40% of the total upstream  municipal
loading,  then the  total upstream municipal loading would  be  32
pounds per  hour or 42% of  the  average hourly flux for the period.
                              97

-------
The  fact that during low flows  the total fluxes  at S-10 dropped
to 4 to 5 pounds  per hour attests  to  a loss of  phosphorus to
the stream bottom during low flow conditions.   Since the  median
flux  was only  18.6  pounds per  hour,  it is  also  apparent that
losses of phosphorus to the  stream  bottom are  not confined to
low flow periods.   In  the absence of losses to the stream bottom
the municipal  wastes themselves  would maintain a flux  of 32
pounds per hour at station S-10.   One can assume that the  high
fluxes during high flow include large amounts of the  phosphorus
that  disappeared during low  flows.   This would mean that
significant amounts of the fluxes  during high flows come from
accumulated municipal wastes washing  out  of the stream.   Given
this  assumption,  the  estimated percentage  of the phosphorus
from municipal wastes remains at 42,  and the  rural  runoff would
be no more  than  58%  of the total  flux.

A second way to  estimate the sources  would be to assume that
the fluxes at low flows represent  the  municipal contributions  to
loading and  that virtually zero rural runoff occurs during these
low  flow  periods.   Averaging the  ten  lowest fluxes at S-10
during this period gives a value  of 6.29 pounds per  hour  which
constitutes 8. 3%  of the average daily  flux.   Rural runoff  could
then  account for  over 90% of the total flux.  This way  of
calculation assumes that the phosphorus from municipal sources
which disappears from the  water during low and medium  flows
does  not  reappear during high  flow.   Thus the  fluxes at high
flows  would represent primarily  rural runoff.   Support for  this
interpretation  comes from the  data from station T-20 where  the
phosphate  concentrations  during high flow periods fall in  the  same
range as at the stations along  the Sandusky.  Yet the basin
upstream from T-20 is  entirely rural.

The calculations  of  the previous  two paragraphs are  merely meant
to illustrate diverse interpretations  of the  same data.  Even  if
one  of the above  would prove to  be  a  "correct" interpretation,  the
figures would  be  inaccurate since the  data do not include the high
flow  and  high  flux conditions in the  late winter and early spring.
The inclusion  of  these data  would tend to increase the  percentage
of phosphorus loading attributed to agricultural runoff.

For the Lake  Erie Basin as a whole,  it is estimated that 72% of
the phosphorus entering the lake comes from domestic  sources and
                              98

-------
17% from agricultural runoff.12  These  percentages undoubtedly
reflect  the  effects of domestic  loading from the population  centers
located on the shores of  the lake.  In the Sandusky River  Basin
and  probably in  most of northwestern  Ohio,  agricultural  runoff
appears to  be a much more important source of phosphorus  than
domestic inputs,  even if  all of the phosphorus  entering streams
from the sewage treatment plants reaches Lake Erie.

Accurate estimates of the importance  of municipal wastes  and
rural runoff would  be valuable  as they relate  to  the benefits to
be  realized  from pending  requirements for tertiary treatment.
To  what extent is tertiary treatment for towns such as Tiffin
and  Upper Sandusky justified on the basis of reducing phosphorus
loading into Lake Erie?   Will  increased phosphorus removal in
sewage treatment plants  improve water  quality in streams  where
agricultural phosphorus  loading is  so  important?   Could
consideration of  river flow conditions  and flow augmentation
possibilities  be  coupled  to some kind  of  intermittent phosphorus
removal process in such  a way as to  provide more favorable
economic benefits?   These questions are raised here not only
because they are important in  themselves but because  the  addi-
tion of tertiary  treatment will  also interact with the benefits to
be  realized  from flow augmentation.

Relationship  Between Suspended Solids and Total Phosphorus

That phosphorus loading  accompanies  silt loading during  agri-
cultural surface  runoff is well established,8'  13»  14  Apparently
the  phosphorus  is physically bound to exchange sites within the
silt particles.   Figure Z5 shows the relationship  between total
suspended solids and concentrations of phosphorus at stations
T-20 and S-10.

The data presented are  taken from all  that was  available during
the  investigation,  hence  it includes lots  of data from the July  to
October period  and limited data from the following winter and
spring.   Total suspended solids were not measured as frequently
as  the  phosphorus  so the data are rather limited.  A  positive
correlation  between  concentrations of  total suspended solids and
total phosphorus is nevertheless apparent.   There is,  however,
considerable scatter.
                               99

-------
          O.T1  ,.
          O.S2
          0.36
          0.03
              3.2
                         96.2         189.1         282.1         37$.0
                          SOLIDS, TOTAL 30SPEMDBD, HG/L STATIOB T-20.  ALL OATBS IKUIOB>.
          0.7»
          0.35
                                       .5        *81'3
                                       D, Uli/L STATIUH 3-10 ALL I
                                           37».'
                                          INCLUDH
Figure 25.
Relationship  Between  Total  Phosphorus Concentration
and  Total Suspended Solids
                                      100

-------
Since trends in farming within the  basin include  increasing  amounts
of plowing during  the fall and winter months it is possible  that silt
loading and phosphorus loading from, rural runoff will increase
w ithin the ba s in.

Relationship Between Concentration  and Conductivity

Since the U. S.  Geological Survey bases its  choice of samples  for
analysis on conductivity,  the relationship  between conductivity  and
concentration of the chemicals studied  here is of some  interest.
Current practice  by the U.S. G. S. in many  basins in the state is
to collect samples twice  per week and then analyze the samples of
maximum and minimum conductivity for a given  month.

Figure 26 shows  the relationship between the concentration  of  the
background group of chemicals and  conductivity.   For all of these
chemicals there is  a strong  positive correlation  between conduc-
tivity  and concentration.   Thus analysis of  the extremes of
conductivity would tend to give extremes  in the values for  the
background chemicals.

Such is  not  the case for the plant  nutrients as can  be seen in
Figure 27.  There  is  no  apparent  correlation between conductivity
and  concentration for the nutrients.  This fact should  be  kept in
mind when using  the U.S. G. S. data.   The  U.S. G. S.  data represent
more-or-less  random  samples with  respect to nutrient  concentra-
tions.

Concentrations of Fecal  Coliform Bacteria

Table 8 shows the  results of measurements of fecal coliform
bacteria  in the study area.   These measurements are of interest
not  only  because  of their utility  as indicators of recent sewage
pollution but also in view of the designation of  the  river  as an
Ohio State  Scenic River,   The data  indicate that the fecal  coliform
counts throughout the  entire study section (which corresponds  to the
scenic river section) considerably exceed the recommended limits
for  safe  recreational water.   Their general presence throughout
the  entire section probably  cannot be  accounted  for exclusively  in
terms  of loading  from towns.   Analysis  of rates of die-off coupled
with time of travel information could  confirm this  but such informa-
tion is currently  not available.  Probably the generally high
                              101

-------
          O.H
          o.W
       I
       Ij
          0.19
               -
                         Itkl         5*8         MU          76
                    STKIFIC comociniTi (nicntmHivcK AT 25°c), STAIIOI s-io. 07/01/69 TO
                                   •     •
                                               6)9
                                          I AT ai°C). 3TATIOH S-IO. 07/01/60 TO 10/30/O9
Figure 26.   Relationship Between Concentrations  of Background
                Chemicals  and Specific  Conductivity
                                    102

-------
                 8.7
              "  5.7


              §
                     33k             Wt<              548             6514             761


                         9KISIC CO«DUCTtVIT» (IIICDOIlliOS/C* AT 2S°C), 3TATIOH 3-10. 07/01/09 TO 10/3C/o9
             s
             _•

             I


             I
                                    ^              w              6St              761            —5&8


                                  IKIHC COH»CTI»ITI (IHSROIIHOS/CK AI 258C),  ST»TIO« 8-10. 07/01/69 10 10/30/69
Figure  26  Continued
                                                   103

-------
      S 0.&7

      8
                          cooocritm
                                                    s-,o. o7/o,/6, TO
         O.M
          c.oo
                          i 00«DOCtI.ITr l«ICROMOV« « ZS°C). S«II« S-10. 07/0./rt TO IO/30/.9
Figure  27.    Relationship Between Concentrations  of  Plant
                Nutrients  and  Specific  Conductivity
                                    104

-------


               i.k
                                                               • •     •«
                                                  A*
                               STICIFIC co«pocii»iir I
                                                           »T 25°o). STAIIOJI s-io. 07/01/69 TO iu/30/69
               ?.a  t    •
            •   S.7
            §

                        ricirie conwcrivm IMICROMHOVCK AT Z5°c), STATIOI s-io, 07/01/69 TO 10/30/69
Figure  27   Continued
                                                  105

-------
bacterial  counts reflect the presence of relatively small sewage
loading throughout the basin.   The extent to  which such loadings
come from domestic  sources as opposed to agricultural feedlot
runoff is  not  known.   Tracing the sources of these  bacteria will
be essential if  the  bacterial counts within the scenic river  area
are to be  reduced to levels  safe for recreation.
                               106

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TABLE VIII.   Sewage  Pollution of Sandusky  River as Indicated by Fecal  Coliform
               Bacteria   July and August,  1969

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Location
Tyndal Bridge
Wolf Creek
Seneca 38
Huss St. Bridge
Rock Creek
Ella Street
Honey Creek
Scotts Bridge
Wyandot 16
Tymochtee
State Rt. 103
Wyandot 121

(S-10)
(W-02)
(S-20)
(S-22)
(R.C.)
(S-24)
(H-20)
(S-26)
(S-38)
(T-20)
(S-40)
(S-52)
Number
of Tests
25
9
29
31
10
28
32
25
26
30
19
29
Geometric
Mean
1, 313
509
1,907
2,042
3,390
1,697
1, 106
675
1,033
1,432
1,460
15, 753
Maximum
Count
16, 000
2, 500
10,220
13,500
20, 000
14,400
6, 000
13, 000
28, 800
12,400
38, 000
148, 000
Minimum
Count
60
70
320
560
1200
230
330
60
320
380
200
1870

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                           SECTION XII

                 ADDITIONAL,  DATA AND ANALYSIS
In addition  to  the  data  presented and discussed  in previous  sections,
data are  available on pH and temperature for all samples  collected.
Analyses  of alkalinities and chlorides -were  done on a less frequent
basis but considerable  data for  these were  accumulated.  Approxi-
mately  six  chlorophyll  tests were done  at each  of  11  collection
sites during the July through October period but discrepancies
between replicate  samples  were large in relation to  the differences
between stations and times, so  meaningful analysis is  not  feasible.

Discussion  of  data has primarily  been limited to the analyses  done
at gage stations.   Comparable data was collected at six other
stations,  but until  stage  discharge curves are developed for these
stations and/or time of travel  information  becomes available,
detailed analysis does  not  seem to  be warranted.  The data
collected at these stations  during the July  through October  period
have been included in the Appendix.

All  of the data collected during this study  has  been  stored  on
computer disks.   At any station,  correlations  between  any  two
variables could be carried  out and  the  results  plotted  in graphical
form.  Any desired transformations of the  variables  can be carried
out  prior to plotting the graphs.   For  example, the logs of the flows
could have been used.   Each plot plus  a listing of all  the point
pairs is  produced in less  than one  minute so literally  thousands  of
correlations could have  been  investigated.   Only the data considered
relevant  to flow augmentation effects have received detailed
analysis.   The  additional analyses  reported in  Section  XI  represent
by-products of the study and  should be viewed  as  such.  They have
been included because  of their  possible relevance  to other  water
quality investigations.
                                109

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                        SECTION  XIII

                    ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This  study was an  outgrowth of consultations with  the Ohio Depart-
ment of Natural Resources.  Thanks are  especially due  to  Mr.
A.  F.  Woldorf of the Division  of Water who was instrumental in
setting  up the early planning and  coordination for this  project.
Mr. J.  J.  Molloy, District Chief of the U.S.  Geological Survey,
has  been extremely helpful throughout this project in supplying
stage-discharge tables,  interim water flow data  and  interim water
quality data.

The Environmental Protection Agency is to be thanked,  not only
for  supporting  this project, but also for the technical  support
extended by Dr.  M.  W.  Lammering and Mr.  B.  Smith  of the
National  Field  Investigations Center  in Cincinnati and Messrs.
G.  Harlow, E.  Kramer and  C. Kleveno of the  Lake Erie Program
Office.   The loan of a fluorometer system for  dye tracer  studies
from the National Field Investigation Center and a current meter
from the Lake Erie  Program Office is  greatly  appreciated.  The
help of the Project Officer,  Dr.  W. R.  Duffer of the  National
Water  Quality  Control  Research Program, Water Quality Office,
Environmental  Protection Agency, Robert  S. Kerr Water Research
Center,  is also greatly appreciated.

The participation of  several of our colleagues in the science
departments  at Heidelberg College contributed greatly to this
project.   These  include  Dr. J.  J.  Jackobs of the Computer  Center,
Mr.  R.  A. Wise of  the  Physics  Department, Dr.  D. Allenson of
the  Chemistry Department (now with the  Division  of Water Pollution
Control, Department of Public  Utilities,  Cleveland,  Ohio), and
Mr.  E.  T. Ashworth of the Geology Department.   Student
technicians who participated in the study included B.  Remick,
J.  Lather, and R.  Stanforth.

The  work  of Mrs. D.  B.  Baker  and Mrs.  G.  D.  Knutson in
preparing  the  figures and  tables  and in  typing  the final  manuscript
has been greatly  appreciated by  the authors.
                              Ill

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                        SECTION  XIV

                        REFERENCES
1.   The Northwest Ohio Water Development  Plan,  Ohio Water
    Commission,  Department of  Natural Resources,  prepared by
    Burgess  & Niple,  Ltd.,  Columbus, Ohio,  January, 1967.

2.   Scenic  River Study;  Sandusky River, Ohio Department of
    Natural Resources,  prepared by Stanley Consultants,  Cleveland,
    Ohio,  September,  1969.

3.   Flow Duration of  Ohio Streams,  State  of Ohio,  Department of
    Natural Resources,  Division of Water,  Bulletin  31,  January,
    1959.

4.   Techniques  for Microbiological  Analysis, Millipore Corpora-
    tion, Application Data Manual Number 40,  November,  1966.

5.   F. W.P.C.A.  Official Interim Methods;  For  Chemical
    Analysis of Surface Waters,  Federal Water Pollution Control
    Administration, Division of Research,  Analytical Quality
    Control Branch,  September,  1968.

6.   Creitz, G.  I.  and F.  A. Richards,  "The  Estimation and
    Characterization of Plankton Populations  by Pigment
    Analysis" (III),  Journal  of Marine Research 14:   211-216,
    1955.

7.   Standard Methods for  the Examination of Water  and
    Wastewater, A. P. H.A., A.W.W.A., W.P.C. F.,  12th
    Edition,  1965.

8.   Weidner,  R.  B. ,  et al, "Rural Runoff as a Factor in
    Stream Pollution,"  Journal W.P. C.F.  41:  377-384,  March,
    1969.
                             113

-------
 9.   Waste Treatment and Low  Flow Augmentation Study of the
     Lower Scioto River,  Sewage  and Industrial Waste Unit,
     Division of Sanitary Engineering,  Ohio Department of
     Health, September,  1963.

10.   Student Originated Research on  the Sandusky River,  Final
     Report to  the National  Science Foundation, Special Project
     Grant to Heidelberg Students,  Robert  Stanforth Student
     Director,  Dr.  Martin Reno,  Faculty  Advisor,  Summer
     1970.

11.   Lake Erie South Shore  Tributary  Loading Data Summary  1967,
     Federal Water Pollution Control Administration,  Great  Lakes
     Region,  Cleveland Program Office, August,  1968.

12.   Lake Erie Report:   A  Plan for  Water Pollution Control,
     Federal Water Pollution Control Administration,  Great  Lakes
     Region,  August,  1968.

13.   Schmidt,  B. L. , "Reducing Pollution  Caused by  Erosion,"
     Ohio Report 55:   64-65,  July-August, 1970.

14.   Volk,  G.  W. and  L. D.  Baver,  "The Role of  Agriculture
     in Lake Erie Pollution," Ohio Report 55:  108-109,
     September-October,  1970.
                             114

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                        SECTION  XV

                         GLOSSARY
Time of Travel  -  The length of time it takes for water to move
       through a given section of a stream;  also  referred to  as
       "time of  passage."

Flow Velocity -  The linear velocity of  water at a given point in
       a stream; as flow velocity increases,  time of travel
       decreases.

Flow Volume, River  Flow,  Stream  Flow - The  volume  of water
       moving through a total cross  section  of  a  river  per unit
       of time;  expressed here  as cubic feet of water per
       second (C. F. S.).

Flux -  The  amount of material  moving through  a cross section
       of the stream  per unit time; obtained by multiplying the
       flow  volume at a  given site by  the  concentration of the
       material;  expressed as  pounds  per  hour  or pounds per
       day.

Loading  -  Similar to  flux but with the  connotation of input into
       the  river or  input from  the  river  into a downstream  site.

Upground Reservoir - As used  here,  this  term refers  to
       reservoirs that are built adjacent  to  streams  rather than
       by  damming the  streams.   Water  is  usually  pumped into
       the  reservoirs.   Construction generally  involves excavating
       a large  area which  is  then surrounded by dykes formed
       with  the  excavated materials.

Low  Flows  - As used here,  this term refers to  the  lowest flows
       which occurred during the study period  (see  Table III).
       The  lowest flows  which  occurred were greater than the
       levels to  be maintained  by flow augmentation.
                             115

-------
Severe  Low  Flows - As used here,  this term refers to flows
       falling below  those  which are equalled or  exceeded 80%
       of the time.  Flow augmentation  would be used  during
       periods of severe low flows.

Background  Chemicals - As  used here,  refers to chemicals such
       as calcium,  magnesium,  and sodium,  which  are natural
       components of the ground water or surface runoff water.
       As  a group they, along with  fluoride,  show  increasing
       concentration with decreasing flow volume.

Plant Nutrients - As used here,  refers  to total phosphorus,
        soluble orthophosphorus,  nitrate-nitrogen  and potassium.
        These generally do not show increasing concentrations with
       decreasing flow.   These  chemicals also happen to be the
        plant nutrients  (in the physiological sense) which are  major
        constituents of  fertilizer.
                             116

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                          SECTION XVI




                          APPENDICES




                                                            Page





Notes on Appendices                                          118




Appendix Number




    A  Conductivity                                          119




    B  Fluoride Concentration                                122




    C  Sodium Concentration                                 125




    D  Magnesium Concentration                             128




    E  Calcium Concentration                                131




    F  Total Phosphorus Concentration                       134




    G  Soluble Orthophosphorus Concentration                139




    H  Nitrate-Nitrogen Concentration                        142




     I   Potassium  Concentration                              145




    J   Biochemical Oxygen Demand                          148




    K   Dissolved  Oxygen Concentration                       151





     L   Stage                                                 154
                               117

-------
                 NOTES ON APPENDICES
1)  Where concentrations of chemicals  are shown,  the  concentra-
tions  are expressed  in  milligrams per  liter.

2)  Zeros appearing in the tables  mean that no  measurements
were  taken rather than zero concentration of the chemicals.

3)  In Appendix  L where stages are reported, the  units are in
feet and hundredths  of feet.   At stations S-10,  S-26,  S-52,
H-20  and T-20 wire weight gages  were  used  and increasing
numbers  represent increasing  river stages.   At the other loca-
tions  the measurements represent the distances  between the
water surface and a fixed reference point on a  bridge.  For
these  stations increasing numbers represent decreasing river
stages.

4)  The appendix includes data for ten  of the  sampling locations.
Except for total phosphorus,  only the data obtained during the
anticipated low flow periods of July through October are included.
For total  phosphorus, data obtained in  the winter and  spring are
included.   Only the  chemicals  which have been  discussed  within
this report are  listed.   Complete records for these chemicals
as  well as records  of pH and temperature and  partial  records of
alkalinity,  chlorides  and suspended  solids are available upon
request.
                             118

-------
        Appendix  A.   Conductivity   Micromhos/CM at 25° C
                    . .  . CONDUCTIVITY
                         S-10      S-20
                                           S-22
                                                    S-26
                                                             $-31
S-*0
         S-92
                  T-20
                           H-10
•>£>
07/07/69
CONC
07/OS/69
CONC
37/09/69
CONC
07/10/69
CONC
07/11/69
CONC
07/14/69
CONC
07/15/69
CONC
07/16/69
CONC
37/ 17/69
CONC
07/18/69
CONC
07/21/69
CONC
07/22/69
CONC
07/?3/69
CONC
07/24/69
CONC
07/25/69
CONC
07/78/69
CONC
07/29/69
CONC
07/30/69
CONC
07/31/69
CONC
OC/01/69
CONC
08/04/69
CONC
08/05/69
CONC
08/06/69
CONC
Ce/07/69
CONC
08/08/69
cone

362.00

432.00

669.00

434.00

462.00

463.00

524.00

785.00

556.00
593.00
435.00

412.00

582.00
334.00
374.00
478.00
496*00
601.00
600*00
629.00
673.00
634.00
520.00
518.00
556.00

289.00

601.00

437.00

464.00

442.00

518.00

589.00

595.00

545.00
561.00
412.00

430.00

348.00
341.00
386.00
563.00
541.00
693.00
633.00
661*00
614.00
591.00
596.00
609.00
590.00

336.00

637.00

441.00

45J.OO

422.00

510.00

593.00

961.00

537.00
605.00
420.00

947.00

370.00
9*4.00
117.00
907.00
544.00
6M.OO
624.00
647.00
613.00
612.00
594.00
997.00
972.00

730.00

751.00

394.00

409.00

458.00

606.00

965.00

554.00

906.00
926.00
536.00

183.00

129*00
198.00
406.00
9,71*00
591.00
676*00
681.00
709.00
671.00
998.00
627.00
629.00
698.00

770.00

741.00

499.00

441.00

450.00

961.00

491.00

944.00

917.00
642.00
611.00

121.00

114.00
4*6.00
910.00
674.00
987.00
676.00
741.00
7*8.00
711*00
7*9*00
620*00
697.00
740.00

791*00

1*6.00

480.00

131.00

»7f.OO

109.00

494.00

999.00

621*00
699*00
660.00

480.00

451.00
490.00
91*. 00
6M.OO
••••00
7*9.00
690.00
721*00
746*00
729*00
767.00
791.00
•20.00

9*9.00

146.00

4*6.00

921.00

979.00

469*00

498.00

971.00

601.00
699.00
9*9.00

496.00

450.00
911*00
191.00
676.00
6*7.00
719.00
717.00
711*00
779.00
7*1.00
7*1.00
7*4.00
•00.00

721.00

•26*00

2*6.00

*07.00

909.00

116.00

417.00

497.00

921*00
9*2.00
0.00

210. 00

119.00
414.00
110.00
619.00
6*1.00
•10.00
711.00
7*1.00
714*00
474.00
4*4.00
496.00
910.00

671.00

191*00

416.00

491*00

471.00

417.00

470.00

924*00

992.00
911*00
117.00

179.00

406.00
41*. 00
4*9.00
9**, 00
»**.oo
62*. 00
601.00
61*. 00
*01.00
992.00
402.00
61*. 00
614.00

•97.00

701.00

741.00

790*00

72*. 00

7IT.OO

67*. 00

701.00

6*0.00
6*1.00
672.00

70*. 00

6M.OO
6*1.00
709.00
772*00
717.00
•14.00
799.00
0.00
717.00
74*. 00
619.00
6*4.00
44* .00

-------
Appendix A Continued
    VAM|A«).00

6V/. 00

1 1 7.00
712.00
691.00

71%. 00
729.00

0.00
0.00
9*9.00

0.00

ill. 00

409.00

*4*.00

0.00
0.00
0.00

7*9.00
MO. 00
»»7.00
•29.00
712.00

0.00
t'1.00
617.00
6*9.00

'.10,00

O.UO
417.00
417.00

69*. 00
709.00

0.00
0.00
1*0,00

o.oo

)**.oo

441.00

*11.00

0.00
0.00
0.00

712*00
0.00
>«*.oo
417.00
419.00

0.00
*79.00
K7.00
619.00

O.UO

69U.OO
497.00
771.00

17*. 00
1*4.00

0.00
0.00
Ml.OO

U.OO

*ri«oo

>99.00

M4.00

0.00
0.00
414.00

»0.00
444.00
•74.00
•14.00
•77.00

0*00
4)1.00
M*.OU
• M.OO

VI*. OU

Ml. 00
•17.00
90*. OU

911.00
•19.00

0.00
0.00
4M.OO

0.00

479.00

747.00

•00.00

0.00
0.00
491.00

••1.00
40*. 00
0.00
7*2.00
•44.00

0.00
744.00
97)>00
90F.OO

920. UU

•96.00
MU.OO
970.00

942.00
799.00

0.00
0.00
4.10

U.OO

4)*. 00

714.00

7*).00

0.00
0.00
•91.00

7|*. UO
•I*. 00
0.00
149.00
999.00

0.00
910.00
191.00
•71.00

no r.oo

•)^.00
I12>00
7)1.00

•12.00
*)4.00

0.00
0.00
4*7.00

0.00

499.00

7*1.00

779.00

U.OO
0.00
790.00

7»9.00
•01.00
0.00
•24.00
902.00

0.00
479.00
616.00
)'«,.oo

41 '.00

44/.00
• M.OO
7*1.00

7(0.00
•09.00

0.00
0.00
)9*.00

0.00

40V. 00

4}2. 00

42). 00

0.00
0.00
470.00

9H.OO
491.00
O.UO
91'. 00
o.oo

U.OO
•11*00
664.00
6O'.UO

6 J 1.00

41U.UD
404.00
419. UU

412*00
447.00

0.00
0*00
421.00

0.00

4O.OU

497.00

420. UO

0.00
0.00
429.00

4(1*00
920.0U
U.OU
979.00
419.0U

0.00
449.00
•71. OU
'U4.UO

'19.00

'14. UO
497,00
71*. OU

774.00
7T(.00

U.UO
O.UO
49*. 00

0.00

474.00

492.00

470.00

0.00
0.00
711.00

749.00
'74.00
0.00
499.00
700.00

0.00
997.00

-------
Appendix A  Continued

      VAi00
8*3.00
0.00
433.00
0.00
0*00
S72.00
604.00
799.00
747.00
0.00
0.00
680.00
741.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
OtOO
0>00
0.00
0.00
0*00
0.00
0*00
0*00
0.00
0*00
0.00
S71.00
971.00
OtOO
694.00
70S. 00
728.00
893.00
0.00
0.00
827.00
814.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1070.00
OtOO
1009.00
991.00
OtOO
OtOO
OtOO
OtOO
816.00
OtOO
OtOO
OtOO
679.00
OtOO
799.00
•07.00
972.00
1210.00
0.00
0.00
8*8.00
•71.00
o.oo
0.00
0.00
1091.00
0*00
0.00
991.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
OtOO
8*9.00
0.00
0.00
•92.00
•92.00
0.00
•01.00
74*. 00
938.00
••••00
0.00
0.00
777.00
••0*00
0.00
0.00
0.00
•79.00
0.00
0.00
914.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0*00
•920.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
499.00
0.00
•u.oo
•27.00
789.00
727.00
OtOO
OtOO
691.00
748.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
90S. 00
0.00
919.00
907.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
771.00
0.00
OtOO
S91.00
OtOO
OtOO
609.00
S27.00
717.00
617.00
0.00
OtOO
607,00
•27.00
OtOO
OtOO
OtOO
709.00
OtOO
712.00
*««.oo
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
709.00
0.00
OtOO
714.00
0.00
OtOO
741.00
OtOO
OtOO
7«4.00
OtOO
OtOO
762.00
0*00
0.00
OtOO
OtOO
•61 .00
OtOO
OtOO
•39.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
9*1.00
929.00
0.00

-------
Appendix B.   Fluoride Concentration   Mg/L
VARIABLE . .
DATE
07/07/69
CONC
07/08/69
CONC
07/09/69
CONC
07/10/69
CONC
07/11/69
CONC
07/14/69
CONC
07/19/69
CONC
07/16/69
CONC
07/17/69
CONC
07/18/«9
CONC
07/21/69
CONC
07/22/69
CONC
07/23/69
CONC
07/24/69
CONC
07/23/69
CONC
07/28/69
CONC
07/29/69
CONC
07/30/69
CONC
07/31/69
CONC
08/01/69
CONC
OS/04/69
CONC
08/09/69
CONC
08/06/69
CONC
08/07/69
CONC
08/08/19
CONC
. FLUORIDE
S-10 S-20
0.22
0.24
0.39
0.29
0.22
0.23
0.28
0.27
0.44
0.18
0.22
0.31
0.28
0.29
0.31
0.39
0.34
0.37
0.37
0.38
0.42
0.48
0.44
0.37
0.42
0.22
0*31
0.28
0.29
0.20
0.27
0.32
0.2*
0.42
0.22
0.20
0.37
0.28
0.24
0.30
0.38
0.38
0.44
0.49
0.49
0.38
0.4*
0.49
0.92
0.47
8-22
0.22
0.94
0.29
6.24
0.20
0.22
0.33
0*29
0.42
0.20
0.20
0.40
0.23
0.2*
0.32
0.33
0.99
0.40
0.9*
0.9*
0.9*
0.44
0*41
0.98
0.42
$-2*
0*9*
0.40
0.24
0.22
0.21
0.2*
0.99
0.24
0.41
••20
0.24
0.99
••24
0.27
0*92
0.98
••9*
0.44
0.42
0.40
0.99
0.4*
0.44
0.49
0.44
*-38
0.42
0.41
0.24
0.22
0*24
0*29
0*2*
0.29
0.47
0.24
0.24
0.92
0.24
0.90
0*40
0*49
0.41
0.4*
0*49
0*40
0.9*
0.9*
0.49
0.4*
0.48
9-40
0*49
••29
••a*
••a*
0.87
••24
0.99
••17
0.90
o«ao
0.2*
0.97
0*92
0.99
0*47
0*49
0*49
0.92
0*94
0.9*
0*4*
O.M
0.24
0.98
0.44
9-92
0*99
0*24
0.27
0*2*
0*27
0*24
0*94
••2*
••91
••24
••22
O.M
••99
0.42
••M
••49
••44
••99
••91
0*40
0.47
••49
••M
•••9
••74
7-20
••M
••17
•a*
oa*
•at
••M
o.aa
O.M
0.9*
0.18
•*••
o*87
••a*
t*it
o*9a
0*90
•*•*
••»•
0*4*
•.M
••M
••99
O.M
••M
0.94
»»-ao
••94
••it
••ai
••a*
••it
0*10
••a*
••11
••40
••11
t*M
o»a*
••29
ft.84
••a*
••92
0.31
0.9*
0.92
••99
0.99
0*90
«.M
••40
0.41
M-02
0.00
0.90
0*94
0*84
••a*
0.91
••48
0*99
0*98
0*87
0*98
0*49
••44
• •4*
••9*
0*90
0.47
0*94
0.70
••90
••49
0.40
••99
0.92
0.98

-------
Appendix  B Continued
VARIABLE . .
OA7E
08/11/69
CONC
OB/U/69
CONC
08/13/69
CONC
08/14/69
CONC
08/13/69
CONC
08/18/69
CONC
08/19/69
CONC
OR/20/69
CONC
08/21/69
CONC
08/22/69
CONC
08/25/69
CONC
08/26/69
CONC
08/27/69
CONC
08/28/69
CONC
08/29/69
CONC
09/01/69
CONC
09/04/69
CONC
09/08/69
CONC
09/09/69
CONC
09/11/69
CONC
09/12/69
CONC
09/15/69
CONC
09/16/69
CONC
09/17/69
CONC
09/18/69
CONC
. FLUORIDE
S-10 S-20
0.43
0.42
0.52
0.52
0.50
0.53
0.51
0.55
0.00
0.00
0.49
0.00
0.45
0.40
0.42
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.53
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.4*
0.4*
0.32
0.61
0.63
0.48
0.42
0.55
0.00
0.00
0.32
0.00
0.62
0.57
0.54
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.32
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
S-22
0.42
0.1*
0.4*
0.00
0.46
0.41
0.3*
0.44
0.00
0.00
0.48
0.00
0.30
0.38
0.47
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.48
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
S-2*
0.44
O.lt
0.00
0.43
0.44
0.4t
0.41
0.54
0.00
0.00
0.52
0.00
0.54
0.34
0.51
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.37
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
S-M
O.M
0.33
O.M
0.63
0.*4
0.64
0.31
0.36
0.00
0.00
0.36
0.00
0.3*
0.61
0.62
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.4*
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
*-40
O.M
O.ftl
O.M
O.M
0.*4
0.67
0.31
O.M
0.00
0.00
0.5*
0.00
0.38
O.M
O.M
0.00
0.00
0.00
O.M
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
ft-U
O.M
O.*l
0.70
O.M
O.TO
O.M
O.M
0.11
0.00
0.00
O.M
0.00
0.64
0.62
0.71
0.00
0.00
0.00
O.M
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
T-M
O.M
O.M
0.17
0.»T
O.M
O.M
0.14
0.42
0.00
0.00
0.42
0.00
O.M
0.41
O.M
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.2*
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
""*"
0.41
O.M
••41
0.4J
0.41
0.42
O.M
O.M
0.00
0.00
O.M
0.00
0.41
0.41
0.42
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.27
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.11
O.M
O.M
O.M
O.M
O.M
O.M
O.M
0.00
0.00
0.31
0.00
0.31
o.»o
0.32
0.00
0.00
0.00
O.M
O.OO
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
Appendix  B  Continued
     VARIABLE . . .     FLUORIDE
      DATE:          s-io      6-20
                                      $-22
                                               S-2*
»-*0
          S-»2
                   T-20
                             H-20
                                      M-OI
09/19/69
CONC
09/22/69
CONC
09/23/69
CONC
09/24/69
CONC
09/25/69
CONC
09/26/69
CONC
09/29/69
CONC
09/30/69
CONC
10/01/69
CONC
10/02/69
CONC
10/07/69
CONC
10/09/69
CONC
10/14/69
CONC
10/16/69
CONC
10/20/69
CONC
10/21/69
CONC
10/23/69
CONC
10/27/69
CONC
10/28/69
CONC
10/29/69
CONC
11/03/69
CONC
11/04/69
CONC
11/10/69
CONC
11/11/69
CONC
11/12/69
CONC
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.34
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.59
0.00
0.00
0.99
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.36
0.00
0.39
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.44
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.62
0.00
0.00
0.61
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.40
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.33
0.00
0.34
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.35
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.40
0.00
0.00
o.so
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.90
0.00
0.34
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.36
0.40
0.37
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.-.J
0.44
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.4*
0.47
0.44
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.5J
O.S4
0.00
0.00
0.00
o.s*
0.00
0.16
O.S6
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.41
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.»6
0.»4
0.4J
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.»4
0.99
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.64
0.00
0.00
0.64
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.4*
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.61
0.97
0.41
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.34
0.34
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.60
0.00
0.00
0.70
0*00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.»2
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.33
0.33
0.34
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.32
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.41
0.00
0.4S
0.46
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.27
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.21
0.33
0.29
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.31
0.33
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.3*
0.00
0.36
0.37
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.21
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.46
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.44
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.94
0.00
0.00
0.96
0.00
r
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.3S
0.00

-------
Appendix C.    Sodium  Concentration    Mg/L




     VARIABLE . .  .     SODIUM                                             ...      T_20      H-20     «"0»
      DA7t        S-10     5-20     S-22     S-2*     S-18      S-40      S «
07/07/69
CONC
07/08/69
CONC
07/09/69
CONC
07/10/69
CONC
07/11/69
CONC
07/14/69
CONC
07/15/69
CONC
07/16/69
CONC
^ 07/17/69
Ul 07/18/69
CONC
07/21/69
CONC
07/72/69
CONC
07/73/69
CONC
07/74/69
CONC
07/25/69
CONC
07/78/69
CONC
07/79/69
CONC
07/30/69
CONC
07/31/69
CONC
08/01/69
CONC
08/04/69
CONC
08/05/69
CONC
08/06/69
CONC
08/07/69
CONC
00/08/69
CONC
2.50
0.00
7.00
3.40
2.30
0.00
0.00
5.80
5.40
4.00
4.00
4.00
0.00
5.10
2.70
4.20
4.30
4.30
0.00
7.00
8.00
0.00
6.20
8.10
7.50
2.50
0.00
3.60
3.80
2.80
0.00
0.00
5.20
4.00
0.00
3.50
3. SO
0.00
2.60
3*20
4.70
4.80
0.00
4.40
5.40
6.50
0.00
6.20
7.00
7.40
2.60
0.00
3.30
3.90
3.60
0.00
0.00
4.60
4.00
0.00
1.30
4.20
0.00
2* SO
3.10
3.80
4.10
0.00
4.30
4. SO
5.70
0.00
9.30
6.20
6.20
8.60
0.00
2.70
2.80
2.80
0.00
0.00
4.40
3.60
0.00
4.30
3.00
0*00
2.90
2*60
4.20
4.60
0.00
4.50
6.10
6.00
0.00
5.50
6.90
7.40
7.80
0.00
1.20
2.90
1.00
0.00
0.00
4.00
4.40
6.20
0.00
2.10
0.00
2.20
4.20
5.10
5.90
0.00
5.00
6.10
7.10
0*00
5*80
7*20
8.90
9.20
0.00
1.80
4.00
4.10
0.00
0.00
4.40
3.80
0.00
7.60
4.00
0.00
9.10
4.80
6.10
6.40
0.00
6**0
8.50
10.00
0*00
8.90
9.90
12.00
7.40
0.00
1.70
4*10
4.10
0*00
0*00
9.10
9.20
0.00
6.20
4.20
0.00
5.20
9.00
4.10
7.50
0.00
8.80
10.00
19.00
0.00
11.00
1.20
14.00
• •70
0.00
1.00
2.20
2.40
0.00
0.00
1.10
1.10
0.00
0.00
1.90
0.00
1.90
1.20
4.20
4.»0
0.00
4.80
6.90
3.90
0.00
3.80
4.20
4.40
6.00
0.00
1.60
l.»0
2.40
0.00
0.00
4.00
1.90
0.00
2.10
2.40
0.00
I. 00
1.20
4.00
4.90
0.00
4.30
4.80
4.90
0.00
4.80
9.40
9.80
6.00
0.00
6.20
7. JO
7.00
0.00
0.00
10.00
9.40
0*00
10.00
12.00
0.00
10.00
12.00
11.00
11.00
0.00
18.00
14.00
0*00
a. oo
11.00
12.00
14.00

-------
Appendix  C  Continued
    VARIABLE • • •     SODIUM
     DATE         S-10      S-20
S-J1
                                     t-»2
                                              t-M
00/11/69
CONC
00/12/69
CONC
08/13/69
CONC
08/14/69
CONC
08/19/69
CONC
08/18/49
CONC
08/19/69
CONC
00/20/69
CONC
00/21/69
CONC
08/22/69
CONC
08/29/69
CONC
08/26/69
CONC
08/27/69
CONC
08/70/69
CONC
08/29/69
CONC
09/01/69
CONC
09/04/69
CONC
09/00/69
CONC
09/09/69
CONC
09/11/69
CONC
09/12/69
CONC
09/19/69
CONC
09/16/49
CONC
09/17/69
CONC
09/10/69
CONC
7.80
8.10
0.00
0.90
8.20
8.30
0.00
0.00
8.80
0.00
11.00
0.00
6.80
9.90
6.00
0.00
10.00
7.70
6.60
7.20
0.00
3.30
7.20
0.90
0.00
7.20
0.20
0.00
0.60
0.20
7.20
9.20
8.90
7.90
0.00
6.90
0.00
0.20
9.00
6.90
7.00
10.00
7.90
6.00
4.70
0.00
7.60
13.00
7.40
0.00
6*10
• •10
0.00
0*00
4*20
• •20
• •90
• •90
0.90
0.00
7.00
0.00
9.70
9.60
9.20
9*10
• •20
• •90
9*20
4.00
0.00
9.00
7.00
4.00
0.00
••90
•••0
0.00
6.10
4.20
7.10
0.10
0.00
10.00
0.00
6*00
0.00
9.20
9.30
9.00
9.10
6.40
9.90
4.00
9.20
0.00
9.10
9.90
9.10
0.00
••90
10.00
0.00
• •90
9.40
10*00
••00
10*00
• •10
0.00
•.90
0.00
9.90
•••0
4.00
0.10
0.00
•••0
6.00
9.00
0*00
0*90
10.00
7*90
0.00
11*00
0.00
0*00
11*00
11*00
12*00
• •00
10.00
9.20
0*00
9.40
0.00
9*40
».90
• •00
0.20
12.00
12*00
9.00
11.00
0.00
12.00
0*00
12.00
0.00
11*00
9.M
0*00
11*00
19*00
0.00
0.00
9*90
4.20
0.00
7.00
0.00
0.00
9*00
9.20
12.00
19.00
12.00
11.00
19*00
0.00
11*00
0*00
••90
0*00
4.»0
4.M
0.00
9.00
1.40
• •10
••70
7.00
• ••0
0.00
••00
0.00
4.90
9*00
4.90
4.70
3.40
3.10
3.90
3.90
0.00
2*10
0«00
4.00
0*00
4.*0
4.40
0.00
4.10
4.20
4.10
4.90
9.00
9*40
0*00
9.00
0.00
4*00
1.90
1.90
1.60
4.10
4.40
9.10
1.00
0*00
1.00
4.10
1.00
0.00
11*00
9.00
0.00
11*00
12*00
10.00
0.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
9.00
0.00
0.10
0.40
6.90
0.00
10.00
9.10
7.90
11.00
0*00
10.00
11.00
7.40
0.00

-------
Appendix C Continued
     VARIABLE . . .    SODIUM
      DATE          S-10       i-10
S-»2
          s-26
                   S-ll
                                       $-52
                                                 T-20
                                                          H-20
                                                                    •-02
09/19/69
coxc
09/72/69
CONC
Q«/?V69
CONC
09/74/69
CONC
09/75/69
CONC
09/76/69
CONC
09/79/69
CONC
09/JC/69
CONC
10/01/69
CONC
ID/07/69
CONC
10/07/69
CONC
10/P9/69
CONC
10/14/69
COMC
CONC
10/70/69
CONC
ID/71/69
CONC
JO/73/69
CONC
:0/?7/69
CONC
10/7«/69
CONC
10/79/69
CONC
11/53/69
CONC
11/04/69
roNC
11/10/69
CONC
11/11/69
CONC
11/17/69
COMC
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
5.20
0.00
5.90
6.90
0.00
0.00
0.00
8.00
9.7O
17.00
22.00
11.00
13.00
40.00
13.00
15.00
13.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.90
0.00
4.40
0.00
0.00
5.30
5.70
ft.ao
7.40
0.00
0.00
9.50
(.00
10.00
14.00
19.00
14.00
14.00
23.00
12.00
IT. 00
15.00
11.00
0.00
0.00
l.TO
0.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
5.10
5.30
5.40
6.00
0.00
0.00
7.00
7.20
• .40
• •20
1ft. 00
9.80
11.00
0.00
10.00
lft.00
15.00
12.00
0.00
0.00
i.ao
0.00
4.50
4.20
0.00
5.50
5.70
5.70
6.10
12*00
0.00
7.50
7.40
0.00
11.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
20.00
12.00
0.00
11.00
0.00
0*00
0.00
5. TO
0.00
ft. 10
5.50
0.00
ft. 50
0.00
ft. 50
• .00
11.00
0*00
9.50
1.00
9.(0
17.00
10.00
14.00
0.00
71.00
11.00
0*00
10.00
0*00
0.00
0.00
1.20
0.00
(.00
9.50
0.00
9. SO
0.00
4.10
11.00
lft.00
0.00
11.00
1.00
10.00
17.00
0.00
18.00
0.00
75.00
14.00
0.00
11.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
11.00
0.00
14.00
10. CO
0.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
10.00
20.00
0*00
14.00
• .00
10.00
17.00
0.00
24.00
0.00
75.00
lft.00
0.00
12.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
I.ftO
0.00
0.00
4.20
0.00
4.80
0.00
0.00
s.oo
10.00
0*00
7.00
ft. 70
•.so
0.00
IS. 00
11.00
0*00
14.00
12.00
0.00
7.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.20
0.00
».20
4.20
0.00
».10
0.00
0.00
S.10
9.00
0.00
S.20
5.90
6.20
*.70
0.90
ft.ftO
a.oo
S.80
9.80
0.00
8.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.60
0.00
11.00
0.00
0.00
10.00
0.00
11.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
8.00
10.00
0.00
5.90
17.00
lft.00
0.00
IS. 00
19.00
18.00
0.00

-------
Appendix D.    Magnesium Concentration    Mg/L.



     VARIABLE . . . MAGNESIUM                                                       ...
      DATE         S-10      S-20      S-22      S-26      *-3»      i-*0     *"»2     T-JO
07/07/69
CONC
07/00/69
CONC
07/09/69
CONC
07/10/69
CONC
07/ll/ft9
CONC
07/14/69
CONC
07/15/69
CONC
07/16/69
CONC
07/17/69
t-' CONC
tvJ 07/18/69
CO CONC
07/21/69
CONC
07/22/69
CONC
07/23/69
CONC
07/24/69
CONC
07/25/69
CONC
07/28/69
CONC
07/29/69
CONC
07/30/69
CONC
07/31/69
CONC
08/01/69
CONC
08/04/69
CONC
08/05/69
CONC
08/06/69
CONC
08/07/69
CONC
08/08/69
CONC
14.00
0.00
22.00
li.OO
15.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
18.00
0.00
It. 00
13.00
0.00
15.00
13.00
17.00
17.00
20.00
0.00
23.00
24.00
0.00
23.00
23.00
25.00
10.00
0.00
15.00
17.00
17.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
18.00
0.00
13.00
21.00
0.00
12.00
53.00
18.00
18.00
0.00
20.00
21.00
25.00
0.00
26.00
26.00
26.00
10.00
0.00
19.00
16.00
16.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
18.00
0.00
13.00
19.00
0.00
12.00
13.00
17.00
19.00
0.00
22*00
22.00
25*00
0.00
26.00
26*00
25.00
23*00
0.00
14.00
13*00
3.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
17.00
0.00
18.00
12.00
0.00
11.00
14.00
19.00
21.00
0.00
25.00
28.00
24.00
0.00
26.00
27.00
SO. 00
21.00
0.00
14.00
IS. 00
IS. 00
0.00
0.00
0.00
19.00
22.00
0.00
10.00
0.00
11.00
19.00
23.00
25.00
0.00
29.00
28.00
21.00
0.00
24.00
26.00
10.00
2t.OO
0*00
16.00
17.00
17.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
18.00
0.00
22.00
17.00
0.00
13.00
19.00
22.00
24.00
0.00
24.00
29.00
29.00
0.00
31.00
15.00
0.00
2>.00
0.00
IS. 00
17.00
17*00
0.00
0.00
0.00
11.00
0.00
17.00
15.00
0.00
IS. 00
19.00
16.00
25.00
0.00
27.00
29. 00
30.00
0*00
11.00
31.00
10.00
31.00
0.00
9. SO
11.00
14.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
17.00
0.00
0.00
7.00
0.00
11.00
19.00
22.00
21.00
0.00
26.00
27.00
IS. 00
0.00
18.00
16.00
19.00
10.00
0*00
11.00
11.00
14.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
17.00
0.00
9.00
12.00
0.00
11.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
0.00
21.00
21.00
21.00
0.00
24.00
24.00
26.00
11.00
0.00
21.00
10*00
11.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
12.00
0.00
10.00
IS. 00
0.00
16.00
1S.OO
IT. 00
17.00
0.00
17.00
10.00
12.00
0.00
21.00
26.00
21.00

-------
           Appendix D Continued
                VARIABLE ... MAGNFS1UM
                 DATE         s-10      S-20
                                                 S-22
                                                           S-26
                                                                    S-38
                                                                              s-6o
                                                                                        S-S2
T-20
tV
08/11/69
CONC
CONC
IlC/l V6")
CO*tC
08/14/69
CONC
08/15/69
CONC
08/18/69
CONC
OR/19/69
CONC
08/70/69
CONC
08/71/69
CONC
08/22/69
CONC
08/25/69
CONC
08/26/69
CONC
08/27/69
CONC
08/28/69
CONC
08/29/69
CONC
09/01/69
CONC
09/04/69
CONC
09/08/69
CONC
09/09/69
CONC
09/11/69
CONC
09/12/69
CONC
09/15/69
CONC
09/16/69
CONC
09/17/69
CONC
09/18/69
CONC

27.00
28.00

27.00

26.00

28.00

30.00

30.00

0.00

30.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

?0.00

18.00

19.00

0.00

29.00

29.00

25.00

43.00

0.00

23.00
24.00

21.00

0.00

27.00
28.00

28.00

27.00

29.00

26.00

29.00

31.00

38.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

21.00

20.00

21.00

23.00

32.00

31.00

31.00

26.00

0.00

26.00
28.00

19.00

0.00

28.00
28.00

28.00

0.00

29.00

27.00

29.00

31.00

40.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

20.00

20.00

20.00

23.00

33.00

32.00

28.00

24.00

0.00

25.00
27.00

17.00

0.00

30.00
29.00

0.00

26.00

28.00

32.00

33.00

0.00

42.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

21.00

20.00

21.00

22.00

34.00

27.00

19.00

27.00

0.00

25.00
24.00

24.00

0.00

33.00
34.00

35.00

2S.OO

36.00

35.00

34.00

31.00

20.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

25.00

27.00

26.00

32.00

41.00

27.00

26.00

26.00

0.00

29.00
34.00

31.00

0.00

33.00
35.00

33.00

36.00

36.00

34.00

33.00

26.00

16.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

22.00

23.00

25.00

30.00

48.00

37.00

26.00

35.00

0.00

33.00
34.00

33.00

0.00

32.00
31.00

29.00

30.00

29.00

25.00

28.00

16.00

12.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

24.00

24.00

27.00

19.00

43.00

29.00

25.00

31.00

0.00

32.00
31.00

19.00

0.00

20.00
21.00

21.00

22.00

24.00

26.00

28.00

31.00

42.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

23.00

22.00

22.00

26.00

17.00

16.00

19.00

19.00

0.00

21.00
0.00

16.00

0.00

27.00
22.00

26.00

2*. 00

26.00

26.00

28.00

2*. 00

32.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

30.00

30.00

30.00

31.00

46.00

16.00

16.00

21.00

0.00

27.00
2*. 00

16.00

0.00

31.00
31.00

32.00

34.00

34.00

34.00

41.00

49.00

49.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

36.00

39.00

34.00

0.00

54.00

48.00

30.00

65.00

0.00

38.00
38.00

32.00

0.00

-------
Appendix  D  Continued
    VARIABLE .  • • MAGNtSIUM
     DATC         S-10       S-20
i-22
         S-24
                                      t-M
                                                                                   T-IO
                                                                                             H-10
09/19/69
CONC
09/22/69
CONC
09/29/69
CONC
09/74/69
CONC
09/25/69
CONC
09/26/69
CONC
09/29/69
CONC
09/50/69
CONC
H-> 10/01/69
UJ CONC
O 10/02/69
CONC
10/07/69
CONC
10/09/69
CONC
10/14/69
CONC
10/16/69
CONC
10/70/69
CONC
10/71/69
rniyf
LUriv,
10/23/69
CONC
10/77/69
CONC
10/73/69
fT\teC
\-W**-
10/29/69
CONC
11/03/69
CONC
11/04/69
CONC
11/10/69
CONC
11/11/69
CONC
11/12/69
COMC
0.00
0*00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
24.00
0.00
28.00
28.00
0.00
28.00
0.00
33.00
32.00
49.00
36.00
0.00
38.00
39.00
39.00
0.00
34.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
17.00
0.00
18.00
0.00
0.00
25.00
0.00
29.00
29.00
29.00
0.00
33.00
33.00
33.00
49.00
36.00
0.00
47.00
38.00
40.00
0.00
28.00
30.00
0*00
0*00
17.00
0*00
19*00
0.00
0.00
29.00
0.00
29.00
29.00
0.00
29.00
99.00
34.00
34.00
49.00
37.00
0.00
41.00
0.00
39.00
0.00
28.00
31.00
0.00
0.00
18.00
0.00
20.00
23.00
0.00
28.00
0.00
93.00
93.00
97.00
91.00
39.00
95.00
0.00
49.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
99.00
41.00
0.00
39.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
24.00
0.00
li.OO
27.00
0.00
30.00
0.00
94.00
34.00
41.00
34.00
91.00
99.00
40.00
42.00
41.00
0.00
0.00
99.00
38.00
0.00
32.00
0.00
0*00
0.00
19*00
0*00
11*00
10*00
0.00
10.00
0*00
97.00
94.00
99.00
92.00
94.00
99.00
40.00
41.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
39.00
91.00
0.00
91.00
0.00
0.00
0*00
27.00
0*00
28.00
2i«00
0.00
29*00
0.00
0.00
•0*00
•9.00
99.00
94.00
•••00
•0.00
94.00
0.00
0.00
* 0.00
24.00
27.00
0.00
29.00
0.00
0*00
0*00
20.00
0.00
0.00
21*00
0.00
24.00
0*00
0*00
29*00
94.00
92*00
94.00
99*00
94.00
94.00
••.00
0*00
0*00
27.00
41.00
0.00
24.00
0.00
0.00 .
0*00
20.00
0*00
19.00
19*00
0*00
10*00
0*00
0.00
21*00
29.00
29*00
•1.00
29.00
29.00
•1*00
M.OO
0*00
0.00
19.00
29.00
0.00
24.00
0.00
0*00
0*00
10*00
0.00
•2.00
0.00
0.00
•0.00
0.00
•0*00
41*00
0.00
42.00
0*00
47.00
40*00
0*00
•2*00
0*00
•2*00
•2*00
92.00
0.00
40.00
0/\A
•oo

-------
Appendix E.    Calcium  Concentration    Mg/L
      VAftfASLC ...    CALCIUX
       o»re         s-io
                                    S-22
                                             S-26
T-ao
         H-JO
07/07/49
CONC
07/00/69
COHC
07/09/69
CONC
07/10/69
CONC
07/11/69
CONC
07/14/69
CONC
07/19/69
CONC
07/16/69
CONC
07/17/69
CONC
07/18/69
CONC
07/71/69
CONC
07/22/69
CONC
07/23/69
CONC
07/74/69
CONC
07/25/69
CONC
07/2S/69
CONC
07/79/69
CONC
07/30/69
CONC
07/31/69
CONC
08/01/69
CONC
08/04/69
CONC
08/05/69
CONC
08/06/69
CONC
08/07/69
CONC
08/08/69
\ CONC
49.00
0.00
19.00
15.00
Id. 00
0.00
0.00
91.00
15.00
0.00
58.00
52.00
0.00
64.00
52.00
62.00
66.00
60.00
0.00
ao.oo
76.00
0.00
56.00
90.00
54.00
44.00
0.00
10.00
16.00
11.00
0.00
0.00
80.00
18.00
0.00
56.00
»
80.00
0.00
49.00
11.80
67.00
74.00
0.00
60.00
80.00
76.00
0.00
77.00
68.00
62.00
44.00
0.00
10.00
16.00
11.00
0.00
0.00
68.00
18.00
0.00
56.00
75.00
0.00
49.00
48.00
.63.00
79.00
0.00
72.00
75.00
83.00
0.00
77.00
6»*00
61.00
112*00
0.00
7.00
14.00
17.10
0.00
0.00
79.00
13*00
0.00
73.00
48.00
0.00
2 (..00
53.00
78.00
87.00
0.00
77.00
95.00
74.00
0.00
77.00
72.00
70.00
110.00
0.00
7.00
11.00
29.00
0.00
0.00
79.00
14.00
88.00
0.00
45.00
0.00
30.00
69.00
90.00
105.00
0.00
100.90
95.00
99.00
0.00
87.00
17.00
85.00
1*0*00
0.00
10.00
17.00
24. CO
0.00
0.00
•6.00
17.00
0.00
105.00
70.00
0.00
52.00
77.00
92.00
10». 00
0.00
90.00
•8.00
104.00
0.00
115.00
106.00
101.00
•••00
0.00
14,00
20.00
.(4.00
0.00
0.00
•>.oo
24.00
0.00
0.00
66.00
0.00
»5.00
74.00
56.00
95.00
0.00
94.00
0.00
93.00
0.00
102.00
92.00
•6.00
104.00
0.00
»»00
11*00
12.00
0.00
0*00
6».00
16.00
0.00
0.00
40.00
0.00
39.00
65.00
• 7.00
95.00
0.00
95.00
99.00
55.00
0.00
66.00
62.00
S9.00
M.OO
0.00
10.00
l».oo
19.00
0.00
0*00
6*. 00
11.00
0.00
M.OO
48.00
0.00
52.00
60.00
74.00
•0.00
0.00
70.00
76.00
•0.00
0.00
M.OO
11.00
72.00
to.oo
0.00
SltOO
10.00
n.oo
0.00
o»oo
• 7,00
i».00
0*00
6ft,00
70.00
0.00
0.00
70,00
72.00
u»oo
0*00
65.00
70*00
76.00
0,00
70*00
61.00
55.00

-------
Appendix  E  Continued
       VARIABLE . ,  .    CALCIUM
        DATE         S-10       S-20
                                       S-22
                                                S-2»
S-9i
                   S-S1
                            T-*0
                                     M-10
08/11/69
CONC
08/17/69
CONC
06/11/69
CONC
06/14/69
CONC
08/15/69
CONC
06/18/69
CONC
08/19/69
CONC
08/70/69
CONC
08/71/69
CONC
08/72/69
CONC
08/25/69
CONC
08/26/69
CONC
06/77/69
CONC
08/28/69
CONC
06/29/69
CONC
09/01/69
CONC
09/04/69
CONC
09/08/69
CONC
09/09/69
CONC
09/11/69
CONC
09/12/69
CONC
09/19/69
CONC
09/16/69
CONC
09/17/69
CONC
09/18/49
CONC
60.00
72.00
66.00
70.00
70.00
82.00
61.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
80.00
0.00
61.00
62.00
58.00
0.00
50.00
48.00
91.10
111.00
0.00
77.00
65.00
79.00
0.00
74.00
72.00
77*00
80*00
84.00
62.00
84.00
87.00
0.00
0.00
58.00
0.00
65.00
56.00
73.00
46.00
43.00
67.00
115.00
87.00
0.00
86.00
85.00
64.00
0.00
74.00
67.00
•2*00
0.00
• 1.00
•2.00
11.00
• 1.00
0.00
0.00
59.00
0.00
64.00
58.00
68.00
60.00
51.00
70.00
105.00
62.20
0.00
62.00
84.00
50.00
0.00
68.00
82.00
0.00
76.00
77.00
89.00
100.00
107.00
0.00
0.00
65.00
0.00
68.00
59.00
78.00
72.00
64.00
55.00
78.60
96.40
0.00
94.00
85.00
61.00
0.00
114.00
117.00
115.00
112.00
105.00
111.00
117.00
106.00
0.00
0.00
71.00
0.00
65.00
66.00
112.00
112.00
96.00
65.00
102.00
89.20
0.00
122.00
115.00
100.00
0.00
122.00
120.00
107.00
112*00
112*00
117.00
117.00
61.00
0.00
0.00
70.00
0.00
•8.00
86.00
92*00
115*00
126.00
101.00
111.00
145.00
0.00
152.00
111.00
121.00
0.00
101.00
101x00
•6.00
•T.OO
•1*00
•T.OO
70.60
61.00
0.00
0.00
66.00
0.00
60.00
61*00
0.00
0.00
0.00
66.00
115.00
119.00
0.00
0.00
115.00
15.00
0.00
76.00
74.00
7»*00
t4»00
•T.OO
•••00
105.00
10*. 00
0.00
0*00
70.00
0*00
75.00
61*00
67.00
79.00
24.00
11.00
•0.40
71.00
0.00
78.00
0.00
64.00
0*00
T».00
moo
T»«00
moo
71.00
Tt*00
•••00
71.00
0*00
OrOO
71.00
0.00
71.00
77.00
66.00
71.00
62*00
24*00
61*00
74.00
0.00
77.00
76.00
90.00
0*00
74.00
M*00
»T,00
»>«oe
• 1.00
•0*00
•••00
•1*00
0*00
0*00
>».oo
0*00
11.00
49.00
41.00
0*00
1**00
14.00
66.00
6S.OO
0.00
•0.00
69.00
49.00
0.00

-------
Appendix E Continued
VARIABLE . ,
DATE
09/19/69
CONC
09/72/69
CONC
09/71/69
CONC
09/74/69
CONC
09/79/69
CONC
09/26/69
CONC
09/79/69
CONC
09/10/69
CONC
10/01/69
CONC
10/07/69
CONC
10/07/69
CONC
10/09/69
CONC
10/14/69
CONC
10/16/69
CONC
10/70/69
CONC
10/21/69
CONC
10/73/69
CONC
10/77/69
CONC
10/78/69
CONC
10/79/69
CONC
11/03/69
CONC
11/04/69
CONC
11/10/69
CONC
11/11/69
CONC
11/12/69
CONC
> • CALCIUM
S-10 S-20
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
0.00
79.00
81.00
0.00
71.00
0.00
103.00
106.00
200.00
114.00
11.00
170.00
122.00
120.00
0.00
117.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
65.00
0.00
61.00
0.00
0.00
130.00
0.00
84.00
81.00
71.00
0.00
106.00
109.00
109.00
200.00
120.00
118.00
130.00
127.00
130.00
0.00
98.00
100.00
$-22
0.00
0.00
60.00
0.00
70.00
0.00
0.00
104.00
0.00
83.00
82.00
0.00
72.00
107.00
111.00
110.00
204.00
122*00
118.00
137.00
0.00
128.00
0.00
90.00
104.00
$-26
0.00
0.00
69.00
0.00
75.00
• 1.00
0.00
121.00
0.00
84.00
84.00
0.00
100.00
120.00
116.00
0.00
23.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
145.0"
140.00
0.00
96.00
0.00
$-!•
0.00
0.00
97.00
0.00
102.00
101.00
0.00
120.00
0.00
91.00
131.00
0.00
100.00
130.00
135.00
132.00
295.00
140.00
142.00
0.00
155.00
130.00
0.00
91.00
0.00
•-•
0.00
0.00
113.00
0.00
101.00
139.00
0.00
114.00
0.00
0.00
190.00
0.00
119.00
115.00
150.00
135UU)
575.00
0.00
142.00
0.00
155.00
125.00
0.00
104.00
0.00
S-52
0.00
0*00
100*00
0.00
100.00
110.00
0.00
122.00
0.00
0.00
110.00
0.00
100.00
125.00
115.00
106.00
200.00
0.00
141.00
0.00
110.00
105.00
0.00
100.00
0.00
7-10
0*00
0*00
76.00
0.00
0.00
101.00
0.00
101.00
0*00
0.00
109.00
0.00
115.00
120.00
111.00
125.00
100.00
12».00
114.00
0.00
116.00
115.00
0*00
98.00
0.00
H-*0
0.00
0*00
77.00
0*00
73.00
74.00
0.00
•4.00
0*00
0.00
11*00
0*00
76.00
•7.00
•4.00
•••00
200.00
75.00
114.00
0.00
• 9.00
• 5.00
0.00
79.00
0.00
WO*
0*00
0*00
to *oo
0*00
»7.00
0.00
0.00
77.00
0.00
61.00
61.00
0.00
76.00
0.00
76.00
71*00
0.00
••.00
94.00
79.00
79.00
79.00
0.00
79.00
0.00

-------
Appendix F.   Total Phosphorus  Concentration    Mg/L
     VARIABLE .  . . TOTAL PHOSPHATE
     DATE         S-10     S-20
                                  S-22
                                           *-26
t-ao
         H-IO
04/03/69
CONC
04/04/69
CONC
04/10/69
CONC
04/11/69
CONC
04/17/69
CONC
04/18/69
CONC
04/24/69
CONC
04/29/69
CONC
09/01/69
CONC
09/02/69
CONC
09/08/69
CONC
09/09/69
CONC
09/19/69
CONC
09/23/69
CONC
09/?7/69
CONC
09/78/69
CONC
06/09/69
CONC
06/06/69
CONC
06/12/69
CONC
06/13/69
CONC
06/19/69
CONC
06/26/69
CONC
06/30/69
CONC
07/01/69
CONC
(17/02/69
CONC
07/03/69
CONC

0.00

0.21

0.00

0.33

0.00

0.23

0*00

0.27

0.00

0.29

0.00

0.24

0.33

0.00

0.29

0.00

0.33

O.OP

0.23

0.00

0.33

0.39
0.39

0.38

0.91

0.99

0.00

0.23

0.00

0.3S

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.24

0.00

0.31

0.00

0.96

0.33

0.00

0.28

0.00

0.38

0.00

0.24

0.00

0.49

0.42
0.62

0.38

0.90

0.90

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.21

0.00

0.37

0.00

0.44

0.00

0.19

0.00

0.00

0.2*

0.00

0.21

0.00

0.19

0.00

0.16

0.00

0.30

0.24
0.41

0.99

0.39

0.31

0.19

0.00

0.2*

0.00

0.21

0.00

0.10

0*00

0*1*

0*00

0*00

0.00

0.00

0.27

0.00

0.22

0.00

0.2*

0.00

0.14

0.10

0.11
0.41

0.13

0.14

0.10

0.11

0.00

0.2*

0.00

0.22

0.00

0.12

0.00

0.2*

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.2*

0.00

0.27

0.00

0.34

0.00

0.31

0*42

0.10
0.41

0.43

0.41

0.42

o.ao

0.00

o.a*

0.00

o.a*

0.00

0.2*

0.00

0.4*

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.12

0.00

0.27

0.00

0.18

0.00

0.4*

0*00

0.46
O.S6

0.91

0.44

0.44

0.1*

0.00

0.2*

0.00

0.12

0.00

0.2*

0.00

0.22

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.2*

0.00

0.10

0.00

0.4*

0.00

0.4*

0.47

0.61
0.34

0.70

0.91

0*73

0.0*

0.00

o.a*

0*00

o.ia

0.00

0.20

0.00

0.12

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.2*

0.00

0.20

0.00

0.21

0.00

0.18

0.2*

0.32
0.12

0.28

0.2*

0.22

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

o.oo

0.00
0.21

0.20

0.20

0.1*

0.00

0.00

0.00

0*00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00
0.20

0.19

0.19

0.18

-------
         Appendix F  Continued
             VARIABLE . . . TOTAL PHOSPHATE
             DATE        S-10      S-ZO
                                            S-22
8-2*
u>
07/07/69
CONC
07/08/69
CONC
07/09/69
CONC
07/10/69
CONC
07/11/69
CONC
07/14/69
CONC
07/15/69
CONC
07/16/69
CONC
07/17/69
CONC
07/18/69
CONC
07/21/69
CONC
07/22/69
CONC
07/23/69
CONC
07/24/69
CONC
07/25/69
CONC
07/28/69
CONC
07/29/69
CONC
07/30/69
CONC
07/31/69
CONC
08/01/69
CONC
08/04/69
CONC
OB/05/69
CONC
08/06/69
CONC
08/07/69
CONC
08/08/69
CONC

0.00

0.41

0.50

0.68

0.67

0.52

0.44

0.52

0.01

0.51

0*64

0.76

1.30

1.10

0.62

0.50

0.57

0.56

0.51

0.49

0.3*

0.31

0.30

0.36

0.3*

0.00

0.17

0.82

0.5S

0.37

0.52

0.52

0.53

0.48

0.32

0.78

0.60

1.10

0.93

0.59

0.58

0.49

0.51

0.50

0.49

0.41

0.50

0.43

0.46

0.42

0.00

0.19

0.7*

O.S1

0.5*

0.47

0.44

0.47

0.37

0.34

0.48

0.60

1.00

0.92

0.90

4.00

0.3*

0.38

0.36

0.33

0.30

0.31

0.35

0.27

0.24

0.34

0.44

O.*l

0*91

0.45

0.41

0.41

0.47

0.3*

0.31

0.44

1.30

1.00

0.66

0.51

0.3*

0.3*

0.40

0.36

0.34

0.32

0.29

0.11

0.27

0.24

0.91

0.17

0*42

0.44

0.42

0.92

0.97

0.9*

0.44

0.4*

0.70

1.10

0.4*

0.94

0.90

0.43

0.4*

0.44

0.47

0.49

0.41

0.1*

0.46

0.45

0.91

0.49

0*44

0*92

0*41

0*42

0.7*

0.94

0*92

0.48

0*48

0.40

1.10

1.00

0.74

0.49

0.94

0*90

0.94

0.91

0.90

0.90

0.92

0.94

0.92

0.94

0.79

0.1*

0*00

0*44

0.1*

0.97

0.92

0.94

0.4*

0.94

0.4*

1*10

1.00

0*71

0.7T

0.91

0.6*

0.74

O.M

0.79

0.72

O.*0

1.00

0.93

0.9*

0.2*

0.00

O.M

0.1*

0.11

0*49

0.71

0.91

0.11

0.14

O.M

0»7
-------
Appendix F  Continued
     VARIABLE .  .  . TOTAL  PHOSPHATE
     DATE         S-IO      S-20
                                      S-22
                                                S-26
                                                         s-38
S-+0
          S-92
                    T-JO
                             M-20
                                       H-02
0«/ll/69
CONC
08/12/69
CONC
08/13/69
CONC
08/14/69
CONC
OR/13/69
CONC
OR/18/69
CONC
08/19/69
CONC
08/70/69
CONC
08/71/69
CONC
08/22/69
CONC
08/75/69
CONC
08/26/69
CONC
08/77/69
CONC
08/78/69
CONC
08/29/69
CONC
09/01/69
CONC
09/04/69
CONC
09/08/69
CONC
09/09/69
CONC
09/11/69
CONC
09/12/69
CONC
09/15/69
CONC
09/16/69
CONC
09/17/69
CONC
09/18/69
CONC
0.32
0.42
0.36

0.38
0.38
0.38
0.44
0.39

0.45
0.65
0.43
0.39
0.40
0.40
0.38
0.00
0.43
0.22
0.50
0.46
0.00
0.38
0.00
0.37
0.00
0.43
0.72
0.48

0.52
0.47
0.51
0.60
0.58

0.39
0.37
0.42
0.69
0.68
0.81
0.75
0.85
0.66
0.00
0.34
0.37
0.00
0.68
0.00
0.88
0.00
0.24
0.23
0.21

0.00
0.18
0.25
0.24
0.23

0.30
0.38
0.60
0.42
0.44
0.29
0.26
0.27
0.24
0.00
0.22
0.26
0.00
0.18
0.00
0.26
0.11
0.24
0.22
0.00

0.22
0.19
0.24
0.21
0.29

0.33
0.62
0.3i
0.54
0.31
0.27
0.27
0.21
0.14
0.74
0.27
0.24
0.00
0.33
0.00
0.24
0.00
0.51
0.58
0.62

0.50
0.44
0.00
0.66
0.91

1.30
0.55
0.47
0.58
0.51
0.61
0.57
0.52
0.14
0.56
0.47
0.38
0.00
0.32
0.40
0.88
0.61
0.63
0.68
0.70

0,49
0.»2
0.28
0.77
1.00

1.10
0.70
O.S9
O.S4
0.*8
0.60
0.63
0.3*
0.00
0.78
0.60
0.27
0.00
0.64
0.00
0.60
0.77
0*81
0.99
0.99

0*70
1.20
0.82
1.10
1.10

1.00
0.72
0.78
1.20
0.92
0.96
1.10
1.10
1.10
0.75
0.96
1.20
0.00
1.20
0.00
1.10
1.50
0.27
0.24
0.16

o.ai
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19

0.22
0*11
0.10
0.»4
0.27
0.22
0.20
0.18
0.14
0.27
0.41
0.10
0.00
0.26
0.00
0.22
0.66
0.08
0.06
0.11

0*11
0*11
0.11
0.1»
0.14

0.11
0.11
0.61
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.11
1.10
0.56
0.14
0.20
0.00
0.11
0.00
0.47
o.»s
0.10
0*08
0.16

0.1>
0.14
0.11
0.14
0*11

0*11
0.14
0.14
0.17
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.00
0.07
0.11
0.11
0.10
0.00
0.08
0.00
0.06
0.22

-------
w
          Appendix  F  Continued




               VARIABLE .  . . TOTAL PHOSPHATE                                   -.„      ..jj      T-20      H-IO
                DATE         S-10       S-20      S-22       S-26      SO8       -*       » "
P9/19/69
CONC
09/77/69
CONC
09/?3/69
CONC
09/24/69
CONC
09/25/69
CONC
09/76/69
CONC
09/29/69
CONC
09/30/69
CONC
10/01/69
CONC
10/07/69
CONC
10/07/69
CONC
10/09/69
CONC
10/14/69
CONC
10/16/69
CONC
10/70/69
CONC
10/71/69
CONC
10/73/69
cone
10/77/69
COMC
10/28/69
CONC
10/29/69
CONC
11/03/69
CONC
ll/0*/69
CONC
11/10/69
CONC
11/11/69
CONC
11/17/69
cone
0.00
0.46
0.00
0.43
0.00
0.00
0.34
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.27
0.00
0.30
0.00
0.42
0.30
0.36
0.00
O.OO
0.31
0.00
0.99
0.37
0.34
0.00
0.00
0.55
0.57
0.75
0.00
0.00
0.37
0.70
0.62
0.46
0.41
0.93
0.00
0.00
0.57
0.72
0.42
0.45
0.00
0.34
0.43
0.42
0.40
O.S7
0.29
0.00
0.39
0.45
0.52
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.28
0.20
0.19
0.40
0.00
0.22
0.00
0.17
0.07
0.11
0.13
0.00
0.11
0.00
0.18
0.49
0.42
0.57
0.00
0.09
0.37
0.00
0.00
0.28
0.29
0.24
0.67
0.20
0.33
0.19
0.00
0.00
0.1*
0.00
0.37
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.31
0.32
0.00
0.26
0.00
0.00
0.37
0.3*
0.00
0.00
0.28
0.4*
0.2*
0.00
0.33
0.97
0.23
0.28
0.00
0.48
4.40
0.00
0.52
0.00
0.00
0.57
0.47
0.00
0.28
0.00
0.00
0.14
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.4*
0.28
0.50
0.00
9.10
0.41
0.48
0.72
0.00
0.00
O.I*
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.44
0.00
0.00
0.51
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.70
0.4*
1.10
0.00
0.00
O.V4
1.20
1.20
0.00
0.88
2.20
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.12
0.00
0.54
0.00
0.00
0.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.1*
0.17
0.17
0.00
0.00
0.11
0.10
0.15
0.00
0.12
1.10
0.00
0.08
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.00
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.3*
0.37
0.00
0.00
0.1*
0.00
0.12
0.00
0.00
0.0*
0.0*
0.07
0.00
0.12
0.17
0.00
0.04
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.28
0.00
0.09
0.00
0.00
0.12
0.44
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.11
0.00
0.04
0.01
0.00
0.18
0.00
0.05
0.0*
0.05
0.07
0.00
0.09
0.12
0.11
0.1*
0.15
0.00

-------
Appendix F  Continued
VARIABLE . .
DATE
11/13/69
COMC
11/17/69
COMC
11/18/69
cone
11/19/69
CONC
11/70/69
CONC
11/74/69
CONC
11/75/69
CONC
17/02/69
CONC
17/04/69
CONC
17/19/69
CONC
31/06/70
CONC
01/14/70
CONC
01/70/70
COMC
01/71/70
CONC
01/76/70
ccrK
01/79/70
CONC
07/P7/70
CONC
07./C5/70
CONC
07/17/70
CONC
07 /I J/70
CCNC
07/18/70
CONC
O7/19/70
CONC
37/70/70
CONC
07/74/70
CCNC
07/76/70
CONC
. TOTAL PHOSPHATE
S-10 S-20

0.00

0.37

O.S»

0.47

0.00

0.24

0.00

0.00

3.21
o.oc

0.29
0.00
0.00
0.37
0.00
0.37

0.49
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.16
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.21

0.00

0.34

0.41

0.2»

0.00

0.22

0.00

0.00

0.26
0.00

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.40
0.00
0.46

0.51
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.24
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.20
»-22

0.00

0.24

0.21

0.31

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.1S
0.00

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.3S
0.00
0.50

O.iO
0.00
0.09
0.00
0.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
S-26

0.78

0.00

0.2J

0.00

0.61

0*00

0.18

0.16

0.00
0.16

0.26
0.32
0.34
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.00
0.28
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.17
0.24
0.00
-1.

0.37

0.00

0.40

0.00

0.42

0.00

0.26

0.23

0.00
0.1*

0.00
O.S4
0.00
0.00
O.S6
0.00

0.00
0.26
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.27
0.00
*-*0

0.42

0.00

O.M

0.00

O.M

0.00

0.21

0.21

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.63
0.00
0.00
0.64
0.00

0.00
0.23
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
O.X1
0.2»
0.00
i-M

0.73

0.00

0.73

0.00

0.70

0.00

0.21

0.37

0.00
0.27

0.63
0.67
0.00
0.00
0.64
o.oo

0.00
0.21
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.22
0.27
0.00
T-ao

0.00

0.00

o.ot

0.00

o.*o

0*00

0.16

o.u

0.00
O.M

0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
O.OT
0.00

0.00
0.2*
0.00
0.00
0*00
0.00
0.00
0.1*
0.00
N-to

0.2*

0.00

0.1*

0.00

O.It

0.00

o.ia

0.19

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.10
0.00
0.00
0.1*
0.00

J.OO
0.21
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.0*
0.00
0.00
W-OI

0.00

0.0*

O.M

O.M

0.00

0.11

0.00

0.00

0.00
0.00

0*00
O.M
O.M
O.M
0.00
0.00

0.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
Appendix G.   Soluble Orthophosphorus    Mg/L
     VfcRUPU »  . . ORTHO PHOSPHATE
      n*Tf         s-io      s-20
S-22
         S-?6
                  S-38
                            S-40
                                     S-52
                                              T-20
                                                       H-20
                                                                H-02
07/P7/69
CONC
07/OP/69
CONC
07/09/69
CONC
07/10/69
CONC
07/11/69
CONC
07/14/69
CONC
07/15/69
CONC
07/16/69
CONC
07/17/69
CONC
07/18/69
CONC
07/71/69
CONC
07/22/69
CONC
07/73/69
CONC
07/74/69
CONC
07/25/69
CONC
07/78/69
CONC
07/79/69
CONC
07/30/69
CONC
07/51/69
COHC
08/01/69
CONC
08/04/69
CONC
08/05/69
CONC
08/06/69
CONC
06/07/69
CONC
08/0«/*9
CONC
0.06
0.09
0.17
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.11
0.18
0.17
0.18
0.12
0.11
0.20
0.17
0.16
0.19
0.20
0.71
0.26
0.25
0.10
0.00
0.00
o.oo
0.02
0.05
0.09
0.10
0.13
0.11
0.15
0.23
0.20
0.21
0.21
0.14
0.18
0.20
0.12
0.19
0.35
0.27
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.02
0.00
0.02
0.19
0.20
0.09
0.07
o.oe
0.09
n.oa
0.08
0.14
0.11
0.09
0.08
0.09
0.11
0.18
0.12
0.13
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.11
0.11
0.00
0.00
0*00
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.16
0.09
0.00
0.09
0.12
0.13
0.11
0.16
0.12
0.12
0.22
0.19
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.15
0.14
0.14
0.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.21
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.14
0.17
0.20
0.11
0.20
0.15
0.15
0.16
0.16
0.17
0.11
0.09
0.06
0.05
0.10
0.06
0.10
0.19
0.26
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.15
0.14
0.1B
0.17
o.ie
0.21
0.23
0.20
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.24
0.25
0.14
0.00
0.02
0.01
0.01
O.OS
0.0*
0.0»
0.20
0.12
0.11
0.13
0.14
0.16
0.17
0<21
0.23
0.30
0.18
0.14
0.23
0.22
0.26
0.25
0.29
0.14
0.42
0.29
0.20
0.1>
0.42
0.»2
O.M
0.03
0.23
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.06
0.00
0.19
0.13
0.10
0.08
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.0*
0.07
0.07
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.06
0.07
o.ut
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.06
J.0»
O.Oi
0.0)

-------
Appendix  G  Continued
      VARIA0LE . . * ONTMO »MOSPM»TC
       0»TI         t-IO      «-tO
*-2*
                            *-»«
                                     T-40
08/11/69
cone
08/17/6*
core
08/11/69
CONC
oi>/l*/6«
CONC
08/19/6*
08/18/69
CONC
08/19/6*
CONC
14/70/69
CONC
08/71/69
CONC
08/72/6*
CONC
08/79/6*
CONC
08/76/69
CONC
PB/27/69
CONC
08/78/69
CONC
P8/79/69
CONC
P9/01/69
CONC
09/0*/69
CONC
09/08/69
CONC
09/09/69
CONC
09/11/69
CONC
09/12/69
CONC
09/19/69
CONC
09/16/69
COKC
09/17/69
CCNC
09/18/69
CO*C
0.0*
0*01
0*10
0*11
0*11
0*16
0.11
0*12
0*10
0.17
0.10
0.12
0.11
0*11
0.17
0.00
0.2*
0.10
0.26
0.20
0.00
0.1*
0.20
0.1*
0*1*
0.2*
0*98
0.12
0.19
0.13
0.27
0.40
0.41
0.0*
0.19
0.12
0.4)
0.16
0.47
O.*0
0.69
0.*9
0.00
0.20
0.19
0.00
0.*6
0.16
0.3*
0*06
0.04
0*09
0*0*
0.00
0*02
0.02
0.0*
0.01
0.09
0.06
0.32
0.07
0.0*
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.00
0.0»
0.06
0.00
0.01
0.07
0.07
0*0*
0.02
0*09
0*00
0*01
0*03
0.09
0.06
0.08
0.08
0.29
0.12
0.10
0.06
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.09
0.09
0.08
0.00
0.04
0.11
0.06
0.09
0.14
0*19
0.11
0.14
0*14
0*22
0*26
0*43
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.21
0.21
0.26
0.17
0.18
0.06
0.26
0.20
0.1*
0.00
0.18
0.00
0.22
0.19
0*11
0.19
0.18
0.08
0*12
0*26
0*90
0*4)
0*19
0.21
0.21
0.29
0.21
0.18
0.16
0.10
0.22
0.3S
0.28
0.26
0.00
0.27
0.11
0.2)
0.2*
0.44
0.96
0.99
o.»*
0.6*
0*42
0.66
0.18
0.21
0.29
0.41
0.9*
0.60
0.60
0.61
0.63
0.70
0.*2
0.96
1.10
0.00
0.7*
0.97
0.12
0.27
0.04
0*04
0.09
0*09
0*09
0.01
0.01
0*01
0.01
0*09
0.19
0.04
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.07
0.07
0.06
0.10
0.00
0.12
0.00
0.07
0.14
O.M
0*09
0*09
0.09
0*01
0*02
0.02
0*09
0*09
0.02
0*04
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
o.ou
0.21
0.1*
0.06
0.00
0.01
0.07
0*00
0.1*
0*01
0.01
4*09
9*01
0*0.
0*01
0*01
0*01
0*01
0.02
0.01
0*02
0.02
0*02
0.02
0.00
0.0*
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.00
0.01
0.08
0*04
0.36

-------
Appendix G Continued
      VARIABLE . .  . ORTMO PHOSPHATE                ...      - M      j^fl      V-SI      *-*»
       RATE         S-10      S-20      S-22       *-2»      *->•      »—"
09/19/69
CONC
09/77/69
CONC
19/73/69
cose
09/?*/69
CO«)C
09/74/69
COMC
19/76/69
CONC
09/79/69
CONC
09/30/69
CONC
10/01/69
CONC
10/07/69
CONC
10/07/69
CONC
10/09/69
CCVC
10/l*/69
CONC
lfi/16/69
CCNC
10/70/69
CONC
10/71/69
CONC
in/23/69
CONC
l"/77/69
CONC
10/78/69
CONC
10/29/69
CONC
11/01/69
CONC
ll/0*/69
CONC
11/10/69
CCNC
11/11/69
CONC
11/12/69
CONC
0.00
0.22
0.00
0.19
0.22
0.00
0.17
0.19
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.00
0.16
0.00
0.23
0.21
0.25
0.23
0.2%
0.22
0.3*
0.3*
0.29
0.28
0.00
0.00
0.2*
0.2*
0.*7
0.18
0.00
0.17
0.21
0.18
0.32
0.23
0.*B
0.00
0.38
0.40
0.21
0.34
0.33
Oil A
• 7O
0_ 81 ft
• 77
0.28
0.19
0- **
• 39
0.41
01 O
• »~
0.00
0.1*
0.11
0.12
o.io
0.00
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.0*
0.11
0.00
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.05
0.03
0.00
0.0*
0.26
0.31
0.*8

o.co
0.0*
0.18
o.oo
0.08
0.10
o.ot
0.09
0.06
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.06
0.01
0.02
0.00
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.12
0.16
0.00
0.20
0.00

0.00
0.1*
0.1*
0.00
0.1*
0.16
o.ot
0.11
0.00
0.13
0.19
0.32
0.28
0.30
0.2*
0.2*
0.39
0.37
O.*l
0.00
O.*0
0.3*
0.00
0.26
0.00

0.00
0.22
0.22
0.00
0.24
0.26
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.27
0.28
0.*3
O.*0
0.00
0.33
0.*3
0.00
O.»0
0.00
0.00
0.»3
0.00
0.37
0.00

0.00
o.*t
0.00
0.*4
0.3*
0.4*
0.68
0.00
0.00
0.60
0.76
0.80
0.72
0.88
1.20
0.00
0.00
1.10
0.00
0.00
1.20
0.00
o.so
0.00

0.00
0.10
0.08
0*00
o.ot
O.OT
0.0*
o.ot
0.00
0.00
0.04
0.0*
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.00
0.0*
0.02
0.00
0.0*
0.00

0.00
0.04
0.0>
0.00
o.ot
0.00
0,07
0.0*
0.00
0.00
o.ot
0.0*
0.0*
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.1*
0.00
0.08
0.00

o.w
0.11
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.04
0.00
0.0*
0.0*
0.06
0.0*
O.OJ
0.7»
o.ot
0.10
0.1S
0.1*
0.00


-------
Appendix  H.   Nitrate-Nitrogen Concentration   Mg/L
    VARIABLE ...     NIT*ATE
     DATE        S-10     $-20
                                  S-22
*-2i
S-H
                 »-*0
                                   r-n
07/07/69
CONC
07/08/69
CONC
07/09/69
CONC
07/10/69
CONC
07/11/69
CONC
07/14/69
CONC
07/1S/69
CONC
07/16/69
CONC
07/17/69
CONC
07/18/69
CONC
07/21/69
CONC
07/22/69
CONC
07/73/69
CONC
07/24/69
CONC
07/29/69
CONC
07/28/69
CONC
07/29/69
CONC
07/30/69
CONC
07/31 /69
CONC
08/01/69
CONC
00/04/69
CONC
08/05/69
CONC
08/06/69
CONC
08/07/69
CONC
08/08/69
CONC

4.60

4.20

2.90

8.40

5.30

3.70

3.20

7.10

4.40

4.20

3.00

2.20

2.20

2.10

2.00

7.10

1.80

1.80

2*90

2.40

1.00
1.10
1.00

0.90
0.90

9.60

2.60

6.20

9.90

9.60

4.20

3.20

6.40

4.90

4.20

2.70

2.90

2.90

2.10

2.10

2.20

1.90

2.00

2.60

2.30

0.90
0.90
0.90

0.90
0.90

4.40

2.30

6*10

6.60

9.90

4.20

3.00

6.40

4.70

3.90

2.60

2*10

2.90

2.10

2.00

i.to

1.90

1.80

2.70

2*00

0.90
0.90
0.90

0.90
0.90

2.60

i.to

7.70

6.00

6.10

4.10

3.00

6*40

9.10

4.60

2.70

1.70

2.40

2.20

2.00

2.20

2.00

1.80

2.10

1.80

4.00
4.00
1.00

J.OO
1*00

2. tO

7*00

T.40

8.90

9.40

1.70

1.40

7.00

4. tO

4.00

2.40

2*40

2.90

2.20

2.00

2.00

1.40

1.30

1.90

0.90

1*10
1*70
1*20

1*20
0.90

2.40

4*10

7. tO

4.40

4.40

1*70

2. tO

4.00

4.00

1.40

2.10

1*40

2.80

2.10

2.10

1»»0

1*40

1.00

1.00

2*10

1*00
1*00
1*00

1.00
1.00

1.10

4*40

4*40

9. tO

4*70

1.40

2. tO

9.90

1.90

1.20

1.00

2*70

2.80

2*40

2*10

1.70

i.to

1*10

1*70

0*90

0*90
0*90
0*90

0*90
0.90

>«40

1*40

9.90

7.40

9*90

4.10

4.20

9*00

9*90

4. tO

0.00

1*90

2.40

2*10

2.00

2.20

i.to

1.90

0.24

2.10

1.90
t.oo
2*10

2*20
1.40

9.10

4*90

4.40

4*00

1.10

1.40

2.80

9*90

1.40

2.00

1*00

1.90

1*70

1*90

1*40

1.70

1*00

1.40

2.40

2.20

2.00
1*10
9*10

1.10
1.40

9*00

9*90

9*70

4*90

J.tO

2*00

1*90

2*40

1*90

1.40

1.00

1*00

1.00

1*00

1*00

1.00

1*00

0.90

0.90

1.90

0.90
0.90
0.90

0.90
0.90

-------
Appendix  H  Continued
                                  S-22     S-26     S-,.      ~0     *-tI
06/11/69
CONC
08/12/69
CONC
08/13/69
CONC
08/14/69
CONC
08/13/69
CONC
08/18/69
CONC
08/19/69
CONC
08/20/69
CONC
08/21/69
CONC
08/22/69
CONC
08/?5/69
CONC
08/26/69
CONC
08/27/69
CONC
08/28/69
CONC
OB/29/69
CONC
09/01/69
CONC
09/04/69
09/08/69
CONC
09/09/69
CONC
09/11/69
CONC
09/12/69
CONC
09/15/69
CONC
09/16/69
CONC
09/17/69
CONC
09/18/69
CONC
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
O.SO
0.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.10
0.00
0.00
o.so
0.50
1.00
0.00
0.50
0.50
0.30
0.50
0.50
O.SO
O.SO
0.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.50
1.50
o.so
1.30
1.00
0.00
1.00
o.so
0.50
0.30
0.00
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
o.so
0.00
1.30
o.so
o.so
0.00
o.so
1.00
l.UO
0.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
I.OO
1.00
0.00
o.oo
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.10
1.00
1.10
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.00
1.00
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.10
0.30
1.30
0.00
0.30
0.30
0.00
2.10
1.00
1.00
1.00
1*00
1*00
1*00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0*00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.70
1.00
1.00
0.00
1.00
1.00
0.00
1.00
0.30
0*30
0*30
0*30
0.30
o.to
o.to
o.to
o.to
0*00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.80
o.to
o.to
0.00
0.30
0.30
0.00
1.30
1.40
1*10
1.00
o.to
OttO
o.to
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.60
o.to
1.70
0.00
i.to
0.00
0.00
1.30
i.to
i.to
1.70
i.to
1*10
i.to
0.00
0*00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0*00
0*00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0*00
4.80
1.40
t.10
0.00
4.40
0.00
0.00
J.»0
0.30
0*30
o.to
o.to
o.to
o.to
0*30
o.to
o.to
0.30
0*00
0*00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
o.oo
1.20
0.30
1.70
0.00
0.30
>.30
0.00
0.30

-------
Appendix H Continued
VARIABLE . .
DATF
09/19/69
CONC
09/72/69
CONC
09/J3/69
CONC
09/24/69
CONC
09/25/69
CONC
09/26/69
CONC
09/29/69
CONC
09/30/69
CONC
10/01/69
CONC
10/02/69
CONC
10/07/69
fONC
10/09/69
CONC
10/14/69
CONC
10/16/69
CONC
10/20/69
CONC
10/71/69
CONC
10/23/69
CONC
10/27/69
CONC
10/78/69
CONC
10/29/69
CONC
11/03/69
CONC
11/04/69
COKC
11/10/69
CONC
11/11/69
CONC
11/12/69
CCNC
. NITRATE
S-10

0.00

4.20

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

6.70

3.10

0.00

0.00

1.20

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00
0.50

0.00

0.00
0.50
0.00

0.00
0.00
1.00
0.50
0.00
S-20

0.00

0.00

4.00

0.00

4.20

0.00

6.60

2.90

3.00

0.00

1.10

0.00

0.00

0.00

o.oo
0.50

0.00

0.00
1.90
0.00

0.00
0.00
1.50
0.50
0.00
S-22

0.00

0.00

3.80

0.00

4.00

0.00

5.90

2.00

o.oo

0.00

0.50

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00
0.90

0.00

0.00
0.50
0.00

0.00
0.00
1.90
0.00
0.90
S-26

0.00

3.70

0.00

0.00

3.40

2.30

6.40

2.90

0.00

0.00

0.50

1.00

0.00

0.00

0.00
0.00

0.00

0.00
0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
S-38

0.00

3.00

3.00

0.00

4.00

3.20

2.90

1.60

0.00

0.00

0.50

1.00

0.00

0.00

0.00
o.so

0.00

1.30
1.50
0.00

0.00
0.00
0.00
1.50
0.00
S-40

0.00

0.00

2.20

0.00

2.30

1.80

6.30

1.00

0.00

0.00

1.00

1.00

0.00

0.00

0.00
1.00

0.00

0.00
1.30
0.00

0.00
0.00
0.00
1.00
0.00
S-52

0.00

2*30

2.30

0.00

2.40

1.70

6.70

1.20

0.00

0.00

0.90

0.90

0.00

0.00

0.00
0.50

0.00

0.00
1.60
0.00

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.50
0.00
T-20

0.00

0.00

3.00

0.00

3.60

2.70

6.»e

1.90

0.00

0.00

0.90

0.90

0.00

0.00

0.00
0.90

0.00

0.50
1.20
0.00

0.00
0.00
0.00
1.60
0.00
rt-20

0.00

6. tO

0.00

0.00

6.10

4.20

7.20

2.80

0.00

0.00

0.50

2.00

0.00

0.00

0.00
1.20

0.00

2.90
2.80
0.00

0.00
0.00
0.00
1.60
0.00

W-02

0.00

1.10

0.00

0.00

4.30

0.00

0.00

4.10

0.00

0.00

2.20

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00
0.50

0.00

0.00
2.00
0.00

0.00
0.00
0.50
0.50
0.00

-------
          Appendix  I.   Potassium Concentration   Mg/L
               VARIABLE ... POTASSIUM
                ~*TC        S-10      S-20
                                             5-22
                                                      S-2*
                                                               S-3«
                                                                                 S-J2
T-ao
         N-»0
^
CONC
07/08/69
CONC
07/09/69
CONC
07/10/69
cose
07/11/69
CONC
07/14/69
CONC
07/14/69
CONC
07/16/69
CONC
07/17/69

37/18/69
CONC
07/71/69
CONC
C7/77/69
cc\c
37/73/69
CONC
07/74/69
CONC
07/75/69
CONC
07/78/69
CONC
07/79/69
CONC
07/30/fc9
CONC
07/31/69
CONC
08/31/69
CONC
08/04/69
CONC
08/05/69
CONC
08/06/69
CONC
08/07/69
CONC
08/08/69
CONC
7.80

0.00

4.50

C.OO

4.40

0.00

0.00

3.90

4. SO

0.00

5.20

4.20

3.00

3.70

4.80

4.50

0.00

3.80

C.OO

4.00

4.20

0.00

3.90

4.20

3.70
6.80

0.00

4.40

0.00

4.00

0.00

0.00

4.50

4.40

O.OO

5.80

5.10

3.00

4.40

4.60

4.20

0.00

C.OO

3.80

3.80

4.20

0.00

3.50

3.60

3.80
7.20

0*00

4.30

0.00

4.10

0.00

0.00

4.10

4.40

0.00

5.70

3.50

0.00

4.40

5.10

4.10

o.oo

0.00

3.80

3.80

4.10

0.00

3.50

3.50

3.80
3.SO

0.00

5.10

3.00

4.20

0.00

0.00

4.10

5.00

0.00

4.50

4.00

0.00

3.90

4.00

3.60

0.00

o.oo

3.50

3.30

4.10

0.00

4.00

3.60

3.90
3.70

0.00

4.00

0.00

3.90

0.00

0.00

4.90

4.60

4.50

0.00

4.20

0.00

3.80

3.80

3.30

0.00

0.00

3.30

3.30

3.50

0.00

4.20

3.80

5.00
i.to

0.00

4.30

0.00

i.to

0.00

0.00

1.90

4. JO

0.00

3.80

3.60

0.00

3.40

3.80

3.60

0.00

o.oo

3.30

3.50

4.50

0.00

4.00

3.80

4.50
».30

0.00

*.oo

0.00

3.80

0.00

0.00

3.80

4,20

0.00

4.80

3.60

0.00

3.60

3.90

3.00

0.00

0.00

4.00

3.80

4.90

0.00

4.80

4.40

5.80
l.»0

0.00

4.JO

0.00

4.00

0.00

0.00

6.10

4.80

0.00

o.oo

4.80

0.00

3.70

3*40

3.00

0.00

0.00

3.00

3.00

6.00

0.00

4.20

4.50

5.80
••TO

0.00

*«>0

1.00

3. 80

0*00

0*00

i.to

3.90

0.00

1.00

3.70

0.00

3.30

4.00

1.60

0.00

0.00

3.60

3.20

4.30

0.00

3.80

3.50

4.30
3.tO

0.00

I.TO

0%00

1*90

0.00

0.00

3.90

4.60

0*00

0.00

3*90

0.00

3.40

4.80

4.50

0.00

0.00

12.00

4.20

5.90

0.00

6.5d

5.40

8.00

-------
Appendix  I  Continued
      VARIABLE ... POTASSIUM
       OATE         fc-10      S-20
                                     *-22
                                               *-26
t-«o
         N-M
08/11/69
CONC
08/17/69
CONC
08/13/69
CONC
OH/14/69
CONC
08/19/69
CONC
08/18/69
CONC
01/19/69
CONC
08/70/69
CONC
08/71/69
CONC
08/77/69
CONC
08/75/69
CONC
00/76/69
CONC
00/27/69
CONC
Oft/78/69
CONC
08/79/69
CONC
09/01/69
CONC
09/04/69
CONC
09/08/69
CONC
09/09/69
CONC
09/11/69
CONC
09/12/69
CONC
09/15/69
CONC
09/16/69
CONC
09/17/69
CONC
09/16/69
CONC

3.90

4.00

4.00
4.80

4*60
4.70
9.10
0.00

4.00

0.00

4.00

0.00

5.00

0.00

4.80

0.00

5.10

4.90

4.90

5.00

0.00

4.90
6.60

6.00

0*00

4.10

4.20

1.60
4.10

4.10
1.70
4.50
4.00

1.80

0.00

3.50

0.00

5. SO

0.00

4.90

4.80

4.80

4.40

4.50

9.30

0.00

9.80
6.60

9.20

0.00

3.70

3.70

3. SO
0.00

3*70
3.90
4.90
3.90

4.00

0.00

3.90

0400

S.OO

0.00

4.70

4.30

4.40

4.30

4.30

4.60

0.00

9.40
6.10

4.00

0.00

3.30

3*10

0.00


3.70
4*20
4.60
0.00

4.10

0.00

2.50

0.00

4. SO

0.00

4. SO

4.50

4.40

9.20

4.80

9.10

0.00

5.90
9.90

6.00

0*00

4.10

4.10

4.70
9.00

9*00
9.20
6.20
3.90

9.60

0.00

2.90

0.00

4.70

0.00

4.60

4.20

4.80

9.00

9.80

9.60

0.00

6.60
6.80

6.10

0.00

i.to

4.10

4. TO
4.80

3*10
9.60
6*00
9.30

4.70

0*00

2.90

0.00

S.OO

0.00

4.60

3.30

9.20

9.70

9.40

6.00

0.00

6.90
4.60

6.10

0.00

4.70

4«*0

9.20
4.20

4*20
••10
3*40
4*00

3*10

0*00

2*60

0.00

9.00

0.00

4.90

9.10

9.90

6.40

6.20

7.10

0.00

7.40
7.60

9.10

0.00

4.20

4.10

4*20
4*10

4.40
4*20
4.40
4.90

4.00

0.00

2.90

0.00

4.30

0.00

4.10

0.00

6.00

9.10

9.40

6.00

0.00

6.20
0.00

9.60

0.00

•••0

••to

i.to
».to

••40
••TO
».40
1.00

••10

0*00

I. 00

0.00

1.00

0.00

1.10

3.10

3.40

7.10

9.60

3.40

0.00

3.20
3.40

7.20

0.00

4*10

••00

• ••0
4*40

4*00
4.10
4.10
9*90

3.20

0*00

3*10

0.00

3.10

0.00

4.90

0.00

3.90

3.10

4.80

6.10

0.00

6.10
4.40

3.60

0.00

-------
Appendix I  Continued
      VAX I ABLE . . • POTASSIUN
       MTE         S-10      S-20
S-22
         S-2*
                   S-9B
                                               t-10
09/19/69
CONC
09/77/69
CONC
09/71/69
CONC
09/74/69
CONC
39/75/69
CONC
09/76/69
CONC
09/79/69
CONC
09/10/69
CONC
10/01/69
CONC
10/07/69
CONC
10/07/69
CONC
10/09/69
CONC
10/14/69
CONC
10/16/69
CONC
10/20/69
fONC
10/71/69
CONC
10/23/69
CONC
10/77/69
CONC
10/78/69
CONC
10/29/69
CONC
11/03/69
CONC
11/04/69
CONC
11/13/69
CONC
11/11/69
CONC
11/12/69
CONC
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.40
0.00
4.50
0.00
0.00
5.10
0.00
6.20
5.40
5.60
5.60
3.90
5.80
5.90
5.80
7.80
6.90
0.00
0.00
0.00
7.90
0.00
4.20
0.00
0.00
4.40
5.80
4.40
0.00
5.20
0.00
7.10
5.50
5.40
5.40
5.40
3.90
6.40
5.50
5.00
7.50
7.20
6.20
0.00
0.00
6.30
0.00
5.00
0.00
0.00
4.00
5.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
5.10
6.20
6.00
4. SO
4.80
6.50
3.40
5.80
0.00
4.70
8.20
7.20
5.80
0.00
0.00
6.30
0.00
4.60
3.70
0.00
4.00
4.80
3.90
0.00
4.30
5.10
6.40
5.50
0.00
5.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
5.90
5.20
0.00
7.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.00
0.00
5. SO
4.00
0.00
3.90
0.00
4.10
0.00
5.00
5.30
7.60
6.80
5.80
6.00
8.00
5.50
0.00
7.10
6.00
0.00
5.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.00
0.00
4.10
4.«0
0.00
4.20
0.00
90.00
0.00
6.00
6.20
9.20
7.50
6.60
7.20
0.00
6.60
0.00
7.00
6.00
0.00
6.20
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.10
0.00
6.30
4.30
0.00
5.40
0.00
0.00
0.00
7.20
6.20
10.30
7.00
7.80
7.40
0.00
7.30
0.00
6.70
7.90
0.00
5.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.»0
0.00
0.00
3. »0
0.00
4.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.70
4.10
6.30
5.10
5.70
4.90
5.50
5.30
0.00
5.10
6.30
0.00
4.00
0.00
0.09
0.00
».TO
OtOtt
».*0
«».«0
0*00
*.10
0.00
0*00
0*00
4.60
4.10
>.90
5.00
4.30
4.70
7.70
4.50
0.00
6.30
7.60
0.00
5.50
0.00
0,00
0.00
»*00
0*00
• •00
0*00
0*00
».6Q
0.00
7.»0
0*00
0*00
6.90
0.00
7.60
7.20
0.00
5.70
7.20
7.90
• .23
7.DO
9.83
9.00
0.00

-------
        Appendix J.   Biochemical Oxygen Demand    Mg/L
00
              VARIABLE . .  . MO OXY DEMAND                                                  . „
               DATE        S-10      S-20      S-ZZ     S-26      S-38      »-*0     *-»2      T-20
07/07/69
CONC
07/08/69
CONC
07/09/69
CONC
07/10/69
CONC
07/11/69
CONC
07/14/69
CONC
07/15/69
CONC
07/16/69
CONC
07/17/69
CONC
07/18/69
CONC
07/21/69
CONC
07/22/69
CONC
07/23/69
CONC
07/24/69
CONC
07/25/69
CONC
07/28/69
CONC
07/29/69
CONC
07/30/69
CONC
07/31/69
CONC
OB/01/69
CONC
08/04/69
CONC
08/05/69
CONC
08/06/69
CONC
08/07/69
CONC
08/08/69
CONC
2.90

4.10

3.93
4.00
2.45
2.80
2.90
2.39
1.75
2.60
2.77
3.10
4.80
2.60
1.90
2.15
1.75
2.05
3.68
2.70
4.70
3.20
5.70
5.90
8.05
2.97

3.45

4.10
5.22
2.78
2.60
2.48
2*15
2.05
2.05
3.97
3.10
2.40
2.70
1.75
2.15
1.60
2.00
3.20
2.00
5.60
5.55
5.60
4.80
3.75
3.09

9.13

4.37
5.80
3.45
2.60
1.95
1.90
2.19
1.80
3.00
3.13
3.45
3.45
2.70
1.90
1.35
2.10
2.83
2.10
9.19
9.80
4.28
4. SO
4.10
3.04

3.92

4.82
4.11
3.38
2.48
2.15
1.60
2.25
1.60
1.40
4.60
2.59
2.69
1.85
2.35
1.79
2.49
2.90
3.00
6.00
9.05
4.40
9.40
4.90
2.79

4.59

9.08
3.90
3.39
2.89
2.70
1.93
2.13
1.80
1.93
3.10
2.20
3.40
1.43
2.05
2.89
1.40
3.90
3.90
3.10
3.47
3.90
0.00
4.3k
2.85

9.09

4.78
4.15
3.77
3.49
2.87
2.30
2.40
2.19
3.90
4.47
2.83
3.00
1.25
2.75
3.20
3.90
4.40
• .30
4.80
4.39
9.79
4.30
4.10
6.27

4.17

4.09
1*29
1.11
1.97
3.10
2.34
2.99
2.40
0.00
4.70
1.99
3.08
1.79
4.99
4.90
9.30
9.99

4.70
6.77
6.20
4.69
4.30
2.39

4.83

4.37
1.01
2.44
2.39
2.42
2.02
1.17
1.40
0.00
1.99
2.29
2.80
1.25
1.29
1.40
1.80
1.90
2.00
1.79
2.20
2.85
3*00
3.40
2.48

2.99

1.96
3.89
1.91
4, >0
1.91
1.99
1.80
2.90
2.10
4.90
2.90
2.23
1.62
1.90
2.10
1.85
2.20
2.00
2.15
2.35
3.40
2.90
3.90
1.72

3*32

2.90
9.40
1.94
7.40
4.92
4.79
2.99
2.42
9.04
9.40
4.79
6.20
4.25
2.49
3.00
2.30
2.80
2.90
4.29
1.19
4.90
1.40
4.40

-------
Appendix J  Continued
VARIABLE . .
DATE
08/11/69
CONC
08/12/69
CONC
06/13/69
CONC
06/14/69
CONC
06/15/69
CONC
06/18/69
CONC
08/19/69
CONC
08/20/69
CONC
06/?l/69
CONC
08/22/69
CONC
08/25/69
CONC
08/26/69
CONC
08/27/69
CONC
08/28/69
CONC
08/29/69
CONC
09/01/69
CONC
09/04/69
CONC
09/08/69
CONC
09/09/69
CONC
09/11/69
CONC
09/12/69
CONC
09/15/69
CONC
09/16/69
CONC
09/17/69
CONC
09/18/69
CONC
. RIO OXV DEMAND
S-10 S-20
4.16
2.61
4.10
3.78
4.36
3.85
5.22
4.90
6.57
5.26
5.95
4.18
5.08
5.75
7.70
0.00
0.00
2.00
0.00
3.85
0.00
4.50
7.50
6.89
6.09
2.26
3.32
3.59
3.32
3.46
4.20
5.60
3.95
4.71
4.67
3.85
3.95
5.10
6.10
7.05
3.86
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.38
2.68
5.12
o.oo
7.00
3.32
S-22
2.95
2.90
4.09
0.00
3.78
4.38
4.34
3.25
4.07
5.77
4.20
5.43
4.42
5.45
8.80
5.95
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.90
2.15
0.00
7.30
6.46
3.85
S-26
2.15
9.21
0.00
5.25
2.42
3.23
3.84
2.12
5.57
5.00
4.70
2.98
4.62
6.20
5.02
6.20
5.00
2.60
0.00
1.66
3.02
9.90
3.90
4.99
2.66
$-38
2.06
4.11
9.43
4.67
4.42
9.56
6.51
5.62
6.11
4.03
2.65
3.12
3.06
4.20
9.30
6.20
4.90
2.92
0.00
1.10
0.00
4.TO
4.99
4.82
2.99
S-40
4.60
• •00
9.26
9.10
9.19
10.T9
T.29
9.66
6.54
4.T4
1.46
3.30
4.00
6.99
7.26
6.20
7.60
4.90
0.00
2.04
0.00
6.26
0.90
6.76
1.90
S-52
1.72
5.98
0.00
0.00
0.00
10.62
12.19
6.10
9.90
4.69
1.60
4. TO
4.46
7.50
76.40
76.20
79.19
1.96
0.00
2.96
0.00
76.67
7.04
6.09
2.40
T-20
0.22
0*42
1.T7
1.T1
2.01
LOT
1.21
2. TO
1.60
1.21
3.37
2.00
2.06
4.60
1.90
1.69
3.42
1.96
0.00
1.11
0.00
2.19
0.00
T.67
4.29
M-20
0.47
0.00
1.01
1.66
1.92
1.61
2.19
1.94
1.41
2.00
4.90
0.00
0.00
1.92
1.69
0.00
1.02
2.62
0.00
1.12
0.00
2.10
2.10
0.00
1.00
W-02
1.9*
0.92
2.90
2.92
1.12
2.49
1.11
1.30
1.10
1.09
2.90
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.48
0.00
0.00
1.49
0.00
1.11
0.00
2.26
1.90
1.33
2.16

-------
Appendix J  Continued
     VARIABLE ...  BIO OXV DEMAND
      RATE          S-10      $-10
                                      S-22
                                               S-26
•-40
         8-52
                   T-20
                             M-20
                                      M-Oi
09/19/69
CONC
09/72/69
CONC
09/23/69
CONC
09/24/69
CONC
09/23/69
CONC
09/26/69
CONC
09/29/69
CONC
09/30/69
CONC
10/01/69
CONC
10/02/69
CONC
10/07/69
CONC
10/09/69
CONC
10/14/69
CONC
10/16/69
CONC
10/70/69
CONC
10/21/69
CONC
10/23/69
CONC
10/27/69
CONC
10/28/69
CONC
10/29/69
CONC
11/03/69
CONC
11/04/69
CONC
11/10/69
CONC
11/11/69
CONC
11/12/69
CONC

0.00

3.40

0.00

2.02

6.01

0.00

7.93

2.00
0.00
0.00
3.65
0.00
5.33
0.00
4.05
6.10

2.20
8.10
3.30
1.58
4.90
3.60
4.21
3.43
0.00

2.64

2.23

2.78

3.93

6.60

0.00

1.53

2.97
2.40
0.00
3.42
7.22
0.00
4.80
5.51
6.95

2.02
3.7D
1.85
3.25
8.30
3.80
0.00
0.00
2.00

3.13

2.73

2.05

2.94

4.74

0.00

1.29

1.66
2.80
4.07
1.72
0.00
7.40
6.85
4.60
2.50

1.83
4.40
2.70
4.63
0.00
2*30
2.40
3.89
2.80

2.22

1.86

0.93

0.00

1.76

1.05

7.98

2.05
4.40
0.00
2.60
3.20
3.30
3.23
4.80
0.00

4.90
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.10
3.70
0.00
3.44
0.00

0.00

2.23

0.00

0.00

2*01

1.37

2.30

3. IS
0.00
0.00
2.02
4.60
4.13
3.00
3.23
4.28

2.70
3.46
2.80
0.00
0.00
4.40
0*00
1.40
0.00

0*00

2.33

1.0*

0*00

2*TO

I*M

7.93

4.30
0*00
0*00
4.94
7.43
*.»>
3.03
3.40
3.97

3.18
0*00
3.30
0.00
4.30
2.48
0.00
2.12
0.00

0*00

2.94

3.40

0.00

2*90

4.80

6.46

4.34
0.00
0.00
2*72
••It
4*40
3.87
3.23
3.42

0.00
0.00
4.0»
0.00
••28
4.31
0.00
3.14
0*00

a. oo

1.82

1.49

0.00

••40

1*07

1.30

7.80
0.00
0.00
0*00
4.94
2*40
3.0*
0.00
3.33

2.44
2.30
0*00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.18
0.00

0.00

1.7*

0.1*

0.00

••40

1.44

1.2*

2*02
0.00
0*00
0*00
1.90
*.•*
2.32
0.00
3.16

0.00
2.»1
0.00
0.00
3.40
3.33
0.00
2.46
0.00

0*00

1.90

2.10

0.00

4.16

0.00

1.42

1*12
0*00
2.12
0.00
0*00
S.1I
0.00
2.01
• •SO

0.00
2.80
0.00
4.20
3.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

-------
Appendix  K.   Dissolved Oxygen  Concentration   Mg/L
VMIAHLC ... DISSOLVED OXV6CN
 3ATE        S-10     S-20
                                  S-22
                                           S-2*
                                                   S-M
                                                                    V4S
                                                                            T-M
07/07/69
CONC
07/06/69
CONC
07/09/69
CONC
07/10/69
CONC
07/11/69
CONC
07/14/69
CONC
07/19/69
CONC
07/16/69
CONC
07/17/69
CONC
07/16/69
CONC
07/71/69
CONC
07/72/69
CONC
07/73/69
CONC
07/74/69
CONC
07/79/69
CONC
07/78/69
CONC
07/79/69
CONC
07/30/69
CONC
07/31/69
CONC
08/01/69
CONC
08/04/69
CONC
08/09/69
CONC
08/06/69
CONC
08/07/69
CONC
06/06/69
CONC
6.60
7.10
7.10

7.40
6.90
6.36
6.49
6.40
6.20
6.40
6.30
6.80
6.20
6.2ft
6.90
6.96
6.70
7.20
7.72
7.29
9.60
6.19
10.60
7.70
6.66
7.66
7.96
7.60

6.02
6.62
7.22
7.30
7.08
6.80
6.98
7.12
7.92
6.89
9.98
7.32
7.70
7.90
7.79
6.90
7.79
10.60
6.96
9.60
6.90
9.02
7.62
7.89
7.60

6.02
7.60
7.10
7.30
6.98
6.70
6.90
7.10
7.32
6.70
6.89
7.10
7.33
6.98
7.19
7.70
7.09
11.20
7.30
9.26
6.90
6.90
6.96
7.02
7.02

7.90
6.99
6.66
6.60
6.20
9.90
9.90
9.98
6.40
9.80
9.90
6.20
6.68
6.09
6.96
6.20
7.26
8.09
9.42
7.60
8.69
6.90
6.30
•••2
••90

6.90
6.68
6.16
6.10
9.96
9.62
9.79
6.10
9.80
9.20
9.90
6.30
6.70
6.36
7.73
7.60
8.89
6.69
6.68
6.23
6.40
9.96
9.T2
4.71
••92

6.90
6.60
6.29
6.02
9.62
9.10
9.60
6.20
6.40
ft. 90
3.62
6.02
6.46
6.26
6.90
8.90
11.00
7.62
7. '20
6.96
6.96
6.02
6.44
••TO
7.10

7.02
6.69
6*21
6.46
9.60
9.40
9.99
0.00
6.79
6.10
1.99
6.29
6.89
6.12
6.28
6.72
0.00
6.72
7.96
4.76
9.62
3.96
*.M
••TO
•*•*

••M
6.99
••10
••00
9. TO
9.60
9*60
0.00
9.00
4.79
9.19
6.10
6.66
9.90
6.69
6.J3
6.90
6.70
6.19
6.12
6.19
9.96
»,M
T»H
T,IO

T»10
T.iO
6.99
••to
6.*0
6.20
6.40
••60
7.00
••90
6.40
6.79
7.20
6.69
7.99
6.69
7.20
7.10
6.98
6.70
6.90
9.86
••00
T»TO
ft.N

?%»€
6.70
6.49
••M
••M
4.M
••to
••to
1*00
7.00
6.09
9.70
9.09
6.20
6.16
6.02
9.99
7.92
6.49
7.6»
9.90
7.70

-------
Appendix K Continued
v Aft i AMI r . .
PATf
08/11/69
CONC
08/12/49
CONC
08/19/49
CONC
08/14/49
CONC
01/15/49
CONC
08/18/69
CONC
08/19/69
CONC
08/20/69
CONC
08/21/69
CONC
08/72/69
CONC
08/25/69
CONC
08/76/69
CONC
OK/27/69
CONC
08/28/69
CONC
08/29/69
CONC
09/01/69
CONC
09/04/69
CONC
09/08/69
CONC
09/09/69
CONC
09/11/69
CONC
09/12/69
CONC
09/14/69
CONC
09/16/69
CONC
09/17/69
CONC
09/18/69
CONC
• DIMOLVCO OXVCrN
§-10 §-20
••35 9.10

7.18

(.15

7.15

8.90

6.70

7.95

7.38

9.00

7.65

8.10

7.10

5.60

7.40

10.20

0.00

9.70

7.25

7.20

8.10

0.00

7.20

7.30

7.00

7.10

6.80

9.75

6*50

9.68

5.80

7.25

6.30

• .20

7.20

7.40

6.35

9.85

6.50

9.02

10.50

11.20

7.25

8.80

8.30

11*40

6.90

6.30

6.90

7.60
§-21
4*10

6.40

7.35

0*00

8.40

5.80

6*40

6.10

7.95

7.35

8.00

6.80

8.90

8.05

9.60

7.90

7.40

6.60

7.80

7.90

7.29

8.60

9.20

7.20

6.60
§-14

4*00

0.00

4*10

5*75

5.10

4.40

4.10

6.85

6.20

5.70

6.10

5.65

7.60

6.40

6.85

5.60

6.34

5.50

6.60

9.95

7.60

6.40

4.60

7.03
»M
4.03

7*00

4.75

7*10

• •40

5.20

•*7Q

4.90

5.85

4.11

5.70

4.15

4.20

7.00

4.60

5.90

6.40

6.35

4.70

7.20

0.00

4.95

4.40

4.80

4.30
§-*0
4*4*

7.M

•«••

•«••

••••

3.40

7.10

4.70

6.05

5.65

5.40

5. 90

6.10

8.10

• •45

6.50

6.70

6.10

6.10

7.50

0.00

6.10

6.67

5. tO

5.70
*-»!
4.M

7*00

4*4)0

0*10

3*«0

1*20

2*20

5*30

0*00

4.00

4*40

5.45

4.70

7*00

0.00

0.00

0.00

4.75

5.00

5.45

0.00

0.00

5.40

5.70

4.52
T-10

4«M

4*10

4.»0

••00

••to

5.03

4.4»

4*70

4*10

4*00

4.00

• •40

7.00

5.60

5.90

5.10

5.60

6.35

6.80

0.00

6.15

0.00

7.00

6.30
!*•<*•
4«4J

7«M

**M

7.10

4*00

4.40

3.40

4.40

7.80

7.00

3. tO

6.01

6.45

6.10

5.80

7.20

»••»

4.40

7.43

7.70

0.00

4.40

4*10

4.00

7.00
•-M

4)«O

f.M

•«M

••It

••34

4. tO

».!»

0*00

• •40

4*43

• •23

7.40

».70

7.50

0.00

lO.fO

6.30

7. «0

0.30

0.00

6.60

5.70

4.85

7.40

-------
Appendix K  Continued
      VARIABLE ... OtSSOLVED OXYGEN
       DATE         S-10      S-20
                                      S-22
S-26
          S-J8
                             S-S1
                                       T-ao
                                                W-JO
09/19/69
CONC
09/72/69
CONC
09/73/69
CONC
09/74/69
CONC
09/75/69
CONC
09/76/69
CONC
09/79/69
CONC
09/10/69
CONC
10/01/69
CONC
10/02/69
CONC
10/07/69
CONC
10/09/69
rONC
10/14/69
CONC
10/16/69
CONC
10/70/69
CONC
10/71/69
CONC
10/73/69
CONC
10/27/69
CONC
10/78/69
CONC
10/?9/69
CONC
11/03/69
CONC
11/04/69
CONC
11/10/69
CONC
11/11/69
CONC
11/12/69
CONC
0.00
7.50
0.00
7.20
8.30
0.00
9.10
8.70
0.00
8.00
7.30
0.00
7.20
0.00
9.00
9.40
11.50
10.60
11.40
12.20
7.60
10.40
10.10
10.40
0.00
0.00
a. to
a. oo
7.60
8.30
0.00
8.80
8.70
8.75
8.00
8.10
7.30
0.00
8.20
8.80
8.80
11.80
10.50
11.30
11.70
7.90
10.40
9.90
10.20
9.90
a. to
8*10
7.70
7.29
a. 10
0.00
8.70
8*20
9.00
7.90
8.30
0.00
7.40
8.10
9.20
9.20
12.00
8.90
11.30
12.80
0.00
10.80
9.70
10.50
9.70
7.35
7.10
6.80
0.00
7.10
7.40
9.10
8.90
9.10
8.40
8.30
0.00
6.40
8.40
8.90
0.00
11.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
9.20
10.90
0.00
10.10
0.00
0.00
7.20
7.00
0.00
7.20
7.85
10.20
9.80
0.00
7.60
7.30
0.00
5.20
6.90
8.00
8.60
9.80
8.70
9.80
0.00
7.10
9.20
0.00
9.90
0.00
0.00
6.55
6,40
0.00
6.30
7.60
11. ao
12.00
0.00
10.20
7.60
0.00
4.60
6.90
a. oo
8.70
9.30
0.00
9.00
0.00
6.30
9.10
0.00
9.70
0.00
0.00
«.»»
5. JO
0.00
5.40
a. 10
9.85
a. 90
0.00
0.00
6.70
8.50
5.00
4.90
6.50
4.40
7.60
0.00
9.00
0.00
5.60
9.00
0.00
9.30
0.00
0.00
*«>!
7,00
0.00
».90
7.10
9.10
7.90
0.00
0.00
6.90
0.00
6.00
6.50
a. oo
a. 50
10.10
9.30
10.30
0.00
7.70
9.20
0.00
10.30
0.00
0.00
7.7»
7,10
0*00
• .10
7,7»
a, 70
• .70
0.00
0.00
7.60
a.»o
1,90
a. 20
7.10
0.00
10.90
9.20
11.00
0.00
9.60
9.90
0.00
10.20
0.00
0*00
7,10
0*00
0*00
7.70
0*00
1,10
7,10
0,00
6.7U
6.40
0.00
9.40
0*00
7,ao
7.70
10.00
10.20
10.10
11.90
6.30
a.ao
a. 70
9.30
0.00

-------
Appendix L.   Stage  In Feet and Hundredths  of  Feet
VglMU .
07/07/69
CONC
07/08/69
CONC
07/09/69
CONC
07/10/69
CONC
07/11/69
CONC
C7/14/69
CONC
07/19/69
CONC
07/16/69
CONC
07/17/69
CONC
07/18/69
CONC
07/71/69
CONC
07/72/69
CONC
07/73/69
CONC
07/74/69
CONC
07/29/69
CONC
07/78/69
CONC
07/79/69
CONC
07/10/69
CONC
07/31/69
CONC
08/01/69
CONC
06/04/69
CONC
08/09/69
CONC
06/06/69
CONC
06/07/69
CONC
08/18/69
CONC
. . STAOf
S-10
2.70
7*91
9.14
2*99
2.62
2.37
2.27
1.96
1.74
1.93
0.00
7.78
3.09
3.00
2.12
1.43
1.37
1.33
1.90
1.31
1.34
1.26
1.34
1.24
1.19
S-20
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0*00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
22.40
22.90
S-22
0.00
0*00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
28*90
29.99
29.69
S-26
2*79
6*11
6.28
6.9*
4.26
4.92
4.08
3.40
2.96
2.74
3.09
6.09
6.96
9.48
3.68
2.60
2.93
2.46
2.49
2.39
2.24
2.99
2*96
2.20
2.11
S-»8
0.00
0.00
0.00
0*00
0.00
0.00
o.oo
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
28.19
28*99
10.18
28.89
S-40
0*00
0*00
0.00
0.00
0*00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
10.09'
10.13
10.18
10.20
*-»2
2.TT
4*00
1*10
2*90
2*10
2*44
2*00
1.81
1*68
1*98
0*00
1.20
2.1*
1.99
1.60
1.92
1.61
1.4t
1.49
0.00
1.12
1.10
1*24
1.21
1.21
T«20
2.40
4.M
4,04
4*10
1.10
9.TO
3.10
2.68
2.»4
2*4*
0*00
9.79
9.72
1.70
1.16
2.9*
2*47
2*t7
2.49
2*19
2*97
2.64
2*44
2.27
1.21
H-20
4.09
4*0t
»•**
1.11
2.TI
l.2t
2**9
2*17
1*10
1.40
4*90
1.99
9*19
2.79
2*44
2.08
2*0*
2.04
1.92
1.89
1.84
!*•>
• *•»»
i.n
1.72
»*2
0.00
0*00
0*00
0*00
0*00
0*00
0*00
0*00
0*00
0*00
0*00
0*00
0*00
0*00
0*00
0*00
24,14
24.20
24.21
24.2*
24.1k
24.11
21.9*
24.18
24.4*

-------
         Appendix L,  Continued
Ol
VARIABLE . ,
DATE
OH/11/69
CONC
0«/ 17/69
CONC
08/11/69
CONC
00/14/69
CONC
08/19/69
CONC
Oft/lt/69
CONC
08/19/69
CONC
08/70/69
CONC
08/71/69
CONC
01/72/69
CONC
08/79/69
CONC
08/76/69
CONC
08/77/69
CONC
08/78/69
CONC
08/29/69
CONC
09/01/69
CONC
09/04/69
CONC
09/08/69
CONC
09/09/69
CONC
09/11/69
CONC
09/12/69
CONC
O9/15/69
CONC
09/16/69
CONC
O9/17/69
CONC
09/18/69
CONC
> • STAOC
S-10

t.IO

1.11

1.11

1.11

1.07

1.14

1.13

1.14

1.33

1.90

1.27

1.27*

1.11

1.10

1.08

0.00

0.00

1.23

1.40

1.36

0.00

1.13

1.12

1.23

1.90

*-20

22.**

22.99

22.99

22.61

22.62

22.54

22.96

22.59

21.79

21.65

21.61

22.49

22.65

22.66

22.68

22.73

22.67

0.00

22.19

22.20

0.00

22.60

22.69

0.00

21.16

S-22

29.72

29.74

29.73

0.00

29.80

29.79

29.79

29.79

28.96

28.89

29.38

29.73

29.81

29.83

29.90

29.92

29.80

29.20

29.46

29.46

29.54

29.89

0*00

29.20

28.23

5-2*

2.0?

2.00

0.00

2.01

2.04

2.0*

2.14

2.15

3.97

3.38

2.32

2.1»

2.07

0.00

2.00

1.94

2.19

2.60

2.39

2.96

2.32

0.00

1.97

2.94

3.94

S-lt

20.97

20.15

20.99

20.94

28.97

2t.tl

28.61

26.41

29.09

26.98

28.64

28.85

28.91

29.00

29.11

29.16

27.49

0.00

28.13

28.24

0.00

32.07

29.10

0.00

25.98

*-40

M.14

M.»»

M.29

M.I*

M.2I

29.12

10.02

26.76

29.14

28.37

29.14

10.02

10.11

30.10

30.27

10.lt

•0.28

29.78

29.84

10.20

0.00

10.43

10.47

29.82

27.02

*-92

1.41

1.2T

1.20

1.21

1.20

1.44

I.I*

2.*0

0.00

1.88

1.40

1.11

1.21

1.29

0.00

0*00

0.00

1.47

1.19

1.23

0.00

0.00

1.15

1.16

2.11

t-ao

2.11

2.12

2.10

t.IO

2*00

2.09

2*0*

2.12

2*40

2.72

2.19

2.12

2.0*

2.00

2.01

2.09

1.21

2.21

1.04

2.61

0.00

0.00

0.00

2.48

4.12

<«-*•

l.«9

l.M

l.M

l«*T

l.*2

!.*»

l.TO

l.*t

1*01

l.*l

l.M

l.M

1.12

1.91

1.94

1*99

1.96

2.91

2.10

1.72

0.00

o.oo

i.to

2.20

4.01

*""*

i*>«4)

**•«*

•*/*Tl

•*>«M

«•>«»?

i*>«94

2*.»0

1*.*0

2*.J1

11*20

!*.!*

24.90

2*.*2

26.**

24.71

0.00

24. 7t

24.lt

24.11

24.11

0*00

24.49

2*.*7

24.4ft

21.19

-------
Appendix L  Continued
      VARIABLE . • • STAGE
       DATE        S-10
S-20
         S-22
                   S-26
                            t-Ji
                                               *-»a
                                                        T-«0
                                                                  N-*0
09/19/69
CONC
09/77/69
CONC
09/73/69
CONC
09/74/69
CONC
09/75/69
CONC
09/?6/69
CONC
09/79/69
CONC
00/10/69
CONC
10/01/69
CONC
10/02/69
CONC
10/07/69
CONC
10/09/69
fONC
10/14/69
TONC
10/16/60
CONC
10/70/69
CONC
10/71/69
CONC
10/73/69
CONC
10/77/69
CONC
10/78/69
COMC
IP/79/69
CONC
11/03/69
CONC
11/04/69
CONC
11/10/69
CONC
11/11/69
CONC
11/12/69
CONC
0.00
1.7S
0.00
1.49
0.00
0.00
1.34
0.00
0.00
1.31
l.SO
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.08
1.18
1.22
1.42
1.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
22.07
0.00
22.00
0.00
22.07
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
22.58
0.00
0.00
0.00
22.62
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
29.35
0.00
29.22
0.00
29.36
29.45
30.40
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
29.85
0.00
0.00
29.89
29.80
29.81
0.00
29.43
2*. 39
29.52
29.49
0.00
2.»9
2*44
0.00
2.81
2.58
2*96
2.44
2.39
2.29
2.28
2.21
2.12
2.10
2.10
0.00
2.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.79
0.00
2.47
0.00
0*00
0.00
28.11
0.00
27. t5
0.00
0.00
28.36
0.00
28.19
28.59
28.82
28.96
28.91
0.00
28.89
28.98
0.00
29.02
0.00
0.00
24.89
0.00
28.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
29.84
0.00
29.11
10.47
10. 8»
29.98
0.00
10.14
29.99
10.21
10.12
30.29
30.18
10.36
10.28
0.00
10.29
0.00
29.80
28.14
0*00
29.71
0.00
0.00
1.44
1.17
0.00
1*41
1*41
1.40
1.1*
o.oo
0.00
1.11
1.24
1.20
1.28
1.27
1.24
1.31
0.00
1.21
0.00
0.00
2.02
0.00
1.41
0.00
0.00
a.M
2.42
0*00
a*»o
2.4»
2.12
2.44
0.00
0.00
2.21
2.14
2.17
2.20
2.1»
2.17
2.19
2.11
2.14
0.00
0.00
2.99
0.00
2. 99
0.00
0.00
2.04
l.M
0.00
2.41
2*21
2.24
2.08
0.00
0.00
1.12
1*78
1.71
1.72
1.12
1.84
1.71
1.74
1.79
0.00
0.00
2.31
0.00
1.94
0.00
0*00
0*00
0.00
0*00
2I*M
0*00
24*0*
24*10
0*00
0*00
0*00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
24.41
24.41
24.42
24.4»
0.00
24.07
0.00
0.00

-------
1

5
Accession Number
2

Subject Field & Group
05G
SELECTED WATER RESOURCES ABSTRACTS
INPUT TRANSACTION FORM
Organization
                Heidelberg College
    Title
          Water Quality Control Through Flow Augmentation
1 Q Authors)
	 Baker, David B.
Kramer. Jack W.
16

21
Project Designation
16080DF001/71
Note
22
    Citation
23
    Descriptors (Starred First)
              Water quality,* Water analysis,* Flow augmentation,*
              Vater management,* Reservoirs, Nutrients, River flow,
              Water pollution sources
25
    Identifiers (Starred First)
              Sandusky River,* ITorth Central Ohio
27
Abstract
 To evaluate effects of augmentation from upground reservoirs on water quality,
 studies of the relationship "between water quality and river flow were undertaken
 in a sixty mile section of the Sandusky River in ITorth Central Ohio.

 As river flow decreased from near-flood conditions to low flow conditions,  the
 concentrations of calcium, magnesium, sodium and fluoride increased.  In  contrast,
 for most river sections, concentrations of total phosphorus and soluble orthophos-
 phorus increased as flow volume increased (probably due to agricultural surface
 runoff).  Immediately downstream from sewage treatment plants, orthoohosphorus con-
 centrations did increase with decreasing flow.  During most of the  study  period the
 total phosphorus flux at the downstream station was much less than  the total  up-
 stream innut from sewage treatment plants.  Nitrate and potassium concentrations
 were variable and showed no correlation with flow.

 Oxygen concentrations were near saturation at medium and high flows tut varied
 widely above and "below saturation at low flows.  In most river sections,  algal res-
 piration rather than B.O.D. was responsible for low D.O.   It is predicted that flow
 augmentation will significantly reduce algal growth in the  stream,  with increased
 flow velocity being more important than dilution of algal  nutrients. (Baker-fleidelberg)
Abstractor
        David B. Baker
                              Institution
                                     Heidelberg College
 WR:I02 (REV. JULY 1969)
 WRSIC
                                           SEND TO: VV AT ^*f|^|N T OF TH E INTERIOR
                                                  WASHINGTON. D. C. 20240
                                                                               * GPO: 1969-359-339

-------