s
EPA-450/3-75-082-b
eptember 1974
SOURCE INVENTORY
AND EMISSION FACTOR
ANALYSIS,
VOLUME II - APPENDICES
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air and Waste Management
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
-------
EPA-450/3-75-082-b
SOURCE INVENTORY
AND EMISSION FACTOR
ANALYSIS,
VOLUME II - APPENDICES
by
PEDCo-Environmental Specialists , Inc.
Suite 13, Atkinson Square
Cincinnati, Ohio 45246
Contract No. 68-02-1350
EPA Project Officers: Thomas F. Lahre and George Duggan
Prepared for
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air and Waste Management
Office of Air Qualtiy Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
September 1974
-------
This report is issued by the Environmental Protection Agency to report
technical data of interest to a limited number of readers. Copies are
available free of charge to Federal employees, current contractors and
grantees, and nonprofit organizations - as supplies permit - from the
Air Pollution Technical Information Center, Environmental Protection
Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711; or, for a fee,
from the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road,
Springfield, Virginia 22161.
This report was furnished to the Environmental Protection Agency by
PEDCo-Environmental Specialists, Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio 45246, in
fulfillment of Contract No. 68-03-1350. The contents of this report are
reproduced herein as received from PEDCo-Environmental Specialists,
Inc. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed are those of
the author and not necessarily those of the Environmental Protection
Agency. Mention of company or product names is not to be considered
as an endorsement by the Environmental Protection Agency.
Publication No. EPA-450/3~75-082-b
-------
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This report was prepared for the U.S. Environmnetal Protection
Agency by PEDCo-Environmental Specialists, Inc., Cincinnati,
Ohio. Mr. Donald J. Henz was the PEDCo Project Manager.
Principal authors of the report were Mr. Larry L. Gibbs,
Mr. Charles E. Zimmer, and Mr. John M. Zoller. The computer
program was developed by Research Triangle Institute under the
direction of Mr. Richard Haws.
Mr. Thomas P. Lahre and Mr. George Duggan were the Project
Officers for the Environmental Protection Agency. The authors
appreciate the assistance and cooperation extended to them by
Mr. Lahre, Mr. Duggan, and other members of the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency.
iii
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPENDIX A PRECISION OF RESIDENTIAL FUEL USE DATA
APPENDIX B PRECISION FOR DETERMINATION OF HEATING REQUIREMENT
FACTORS FOR DIFFERENT FUELS
APPENDIX C PRECISION FOR AREA SOURCE CONSUMPTION OF BITUMINOUS
COAL
APPENDIX D CALCULATION OF PRECISION OF SOURCE TEST DATA
APPENDIX E CALCULATION OF PRECISION OF LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE
VEHICLE EXHAUST EMISSION FACTORS FOR CO, HC, & NOx
APPENDIX F CALCULATION OF PRECISION OF HEAVY DUTY GASOLINE
VEHICLE EXHAUST EMISSION FACTORS FOR CO, HC, 6 NOX
APPENDIX G EMISSION FACTOR PRECISION TABLES
APPENDIX H TYPICAL VALUES FOR AVERAGE SCC PROCESSES
APPENDIX I POINT SOURCE DATA USED TO DEVELOP PRECISION OP
EMISSION FACTORS
-------
APPENDIX A
PRECISION OF RESIDENTIAL FUEL USE DATA
-------
APPENDIX A
Calculation of standard error for the number of dwelling
units heating with different fuels in average counties Of
Ohio, Michigan, Iowa, and Kentucky.
Tables A-l and A-2 present the data used for the determi-
nation of precisions for various fuels. The values of the
standard error were obtained from Table B in Reference 9.
A-l
-------
to
Table A-l SUMMARY OF DATA USED IN CALCULATING PRECISIONS OP NUMBER
OF DWELLING UNITS UTILIZING DIFFERENT FUELS
State
Ohio
Michigan
Kentucky
Iowa
No. of
Counties
88
84
120
99
No. of
Dwelling
Units
3,389,432
2,653,059
983,665
896,311
No. of D.U.
Coal
101,229
59,002
134,972
13,055
No. of D.U.
Oil
462,939
583,842
88,503
186,079
No. of D.U.
N.G.
2,517,093
1,856,238
570,324
563,016
No. of D.U.
Wood
4,628
5,441
25,097
1,405
No. of D.U.
LPG
72,436
69,503
77,719
112,302
Table A-2 PRECISIONS FOR DIFFERENT FUELS
Fuel
Coal
Oil
N.G. «
L.P.G.
Wood
Avg. No. D.U. /County
20,000
20,000
20,000
20,000
Avg. No. Using Fuel
per County
790
3,380
14,933
94
a (D.U.)
108
206
300
39
-------
APPENDIX B
PRECISION FOR DETERMINATION OF HEATING
REQUIREMENT FACTORS FOR DIFFERENT FUELS
-------
APPENDIX B
The ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals gives examples showing
heat loss from a house having seven rooms and good insulation
for a temperature differential of 70 degrees. Heat loss values
are also given for the same house under the same conditions/
but with no insulation. The amount of fuel required to heat
a dwelling unit for one degree-day is calculated by the following
equation:
H • fieat loss 5 rooms 24 hrs 1 amount of fuel 1
hr-D.U. x 7 rooms 1 day ^jj*" heat content
heating unit
where H •* heating requirement factor
D.U. * dwelling unit
Table B-l lists the factors used and the values obtained for
heating requirement factor for different fuels.
B-l
-------
Table B-l SUMMARY OF DATA USED IN CALCULATING THE
HEATING REQUIREMENT FACTORS FOR DIFFERENT FUELS
Fuel
Coal
Coal
Fuel Oil
Fuel Oil
Wood
Wood
House
Insulated
Non-insulated
Insulated
Non-insulated
Insulated
Non-insulated
Heat Loss
(BTU/hr)
75,230
113,950
75,230
113,950
75,230
113,950
Heat Content
of Fuel
24 x 10 6 BTU/ton
24 x 10 6 BTU/ton
140 x 106 BTU/1000 g
140 x 106 BTU/1000 g
13 x 106 BTU/ton
13 X 106 BTU/ton
Efficiency of
Heating Unit
70%
70%
al. 80%
al. 80%
75%
75%
Heating Require-
ment Factor
0 001097 ton
o.ooiuj/ D>0<_DtDi
ft 00161 ton
0.00161 D>U._D.D>
16B-J7 '. , 3a^,.-
.16847 D>u\_ft.D>
2657fl 9al>
•^3/B D.U.-D.D.
00 109 u. ton
.00189 by._D>D.
-------
APPENDIX C
PRECISION FOR AREA SOURCE CONSUMPTION
OP BITUMINOUS COAL
-------
APPENDIX C
To calculate precisions of emissions inventaries for dif-
ferent counties in different states, it is necessary to assume
a value for point source consumption of bituminous coal by
industry. As a basis for the following calculations assume that
point sources account for 67 percent of the total industrial
usage of bituminous coal. The following tables are calculations
of precision values for random counties in Ohio, Kansas, and Ken-
tucky. Figure C-l is a plot of the calculated values of
0(A^ ~ ) Versus A- „. Equations are derived to describe the
VB.C.— B.V-
*B.C.
curve.
C-l
-------
Table C-l PRECISIONS OP THE AREA SOURCE CONSUMPTION OP BITUMINOUS COAL
BY INDUSTRIAL SOURCES FOR VARIOUS COUNTIES IN OHIO
Ohio
I • 15 206,000 * * * State Consumption (indus.)
P « 10 137 000 ' p * Point Consumption (indus.)
(1B.C." *B.C.1 " 5'069'000 " AB.C E " Mf9' enpl0yee8
8 Std Dev
E_ - 1,397 x 10J
B
EC (io3)
1. 277.3
o
I 2. 151.9
10
3. 92.5
4. 64.4
5. 23.6
6. 1.2
7. .3
AB.C.
1,006,000
551,168
335,635
226,418
85,632
4,354
1,089
Var (A.. r
0* Iw
+ 53,879
* 39,204
i 35,235
+ 31,962
+ 33,063
+ 32,899
32,916
T/Var (A,.-)
w o\^
t) a (ABjCt)
232.1
198.0
187.7
178.8
181.8
Ml. I
181.4
2 ItVar * + tfar Pj
^C II - PP2
2 2
Tfitfj*[5W + 500 +
5,069,0002
Precision
^c?-1
2.307 x IO"4
_j
3.592 x 10 *
5.592 x IO"4
7.896 x 10~4
2.123 x 10~3
4.166 x 10~2
1.666 x 10""1
!• / y.***-*'^ 4> _ J*LI g \ 1 i
r \'m "' ^fc w »^ A » / j
Ec Es
2 2
(50^ f 50^
3002 1,397,0002
where Var -^aiue
- 32,916
-------
Table C-2 PRECISIONS OF THE AREA SOURCE CO
BY INDUSTRIAL SOURCES FOR VARIOUS
Kansas
ZB.c. " 169*000 tons/yr
Pfl>c> - 112,667 tons/yr
XB.C." PB.C. " 56»333 tons/yr
E8 - 143.8 x 103
ION OF BITUMINOUS COAL
:S IN KANSAS
•J CT (A., „ )
O
1
u>
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Ec (10J)
56.1
22.6
9.1
4.3
1.9
.5
.1
AB.
21976
8853
3564
1684
744
195
39
C.
.9
.5
.9
.5
.3
.9
.2
Var
±76
±12
± 2
+
±
t
+
,488
,736
,386
830.8
470.9
389.7
384.2
"B.C.*
'. 6 .
.• .1 2 .
•*5 .
2
-------
Table C-3 PRECISIONS OF THE AREA SOURCE CONSUMPTION OF BITUMINOUS GOAL
BY INDUSTRIAL SOURCES FOR VARIOUS COUNTIES IN KENTUCKY
Kentucky
I- _ - 2,292,000
B.C.
(I - P) •
» 764,000
Ea - 224.6 x 103
8
i.
o
I 2
* * •
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Ec (103)
89.8
16.0
10.1
8.4
5.1
3.3
0.4
AB.C.
305,464
54,426
34,356
28,573
17,348
11,225
1,361
Var (AB c )
£113, 463
+ 31,609
+ 29,988
+ 29,665
+ 29,194
+ 29,039
+ 28,939
0
336.8
177.8
173.1
172.2
170.9
170.4
170.1
S-j^B.C,!
AB.C.
1.102 x 10'
3.266 x 10'
5.040 x 10'
6.028 x 10*
9.849 x 10'
1.518 x 10'
1.250 x 10'
-------
Table C-4 SUMMARY OF PRECISIONS CALCULATED FOR THE
AREA SOURCE CONSUMPTION OF BITUMINOUS COAL BY
, SOURCES IN naNDOM
C
.W..
1,006,000 2.307 x 10~*
551,168 3.592 x 10"4
335,635 5.592 x 10~4
85,632 2.123 x 10~3
4,354 4.166 x 10~2
1,089 1.666 x 10'1
21,976.9 1.258 x 10~2
8,853.5 1.275 x 10"2
3,564.9 1.370 x 10"2
1,684.5 1.711 x 10~2
744.3 2.916 x 10~2
195.9 1.007 x 10'1
39.2 5.001 x 10"1
305,464 1.102 x 10~3
54,426 3.266 x 10"3
34,356 5.040 x 10~3
28,573 6.028 x 10*3
17,348 9.849 x 10~3
11,225 1.518 x 10~2
1,361 1.250 x 10-1
C-5
-------
(0.01%)
B.C.
Figure C-l Precision versus industrial bituminous coal usage.
C-6
-------
A straight line on log versus log graphs indicates an
equation of the form:
log Y - b log X + log a
or y - a Xb
Por several points on the plot of 2-~B.C.— versus A c :
JL
1 x 102
1 x 103
1 x 10*
1 x 105
.176 -
-.796 -•
.972 -
Y
1.5
1.6 x 10"1
1.66 x
1.78 x
log a + 2b
log a + 3b
-b
ID'2
lO'3
J
b » -.
Log Y
.176
-.796
-1.780
-2.750
.972
Log X
2
3
4
5
- .796 « log a + 3b
-1.780 - log a + 4b }
.984 «. -b b - 0.984
-1.780 - log a + 4b
,(-2.750 = log a + 5b )
.970 - -b b » -.970
Use b = -.970
.176 - log a * 2b
log a = .176 - 2 (-.970) • 2.116
a - 1.305 x 102
-.796 - log a + 3b
C-7
-------
log a - -.796 - 3 (-.970) « 2.114
a - 1.301 x 102
-1.780 - log a + 4b
log a - -1.780 - 4 (-.97) - 2.100
a - 1.26 x 102
-2.750 » log a + 5b
log a - -2.750 - 5 (.97) - 2.100
a * 1.26 x 102
therefore: Y - 1.26 x 102 X "*97
or
1.26 x 102 (A)"'97
C-8
-------
APPENDIX D
CALCULATION OF PRECISION OF SOURCE
TEST DATA
-------
Table D-l PRECISION OF SOURCE TEST DATA
RELATIVE TO PARTICULATBS*
S - (Max.-
Process
Boiler - oil fired
(units in lb/103 gal.)
Boiler - coal fired
/Detroit Edison Power)
(units in Ib/ton)
Sludge incinerator
(Lower Patomac,Fairfax,Va.)
(units in Ib/ton)
Feed mfg. (inlet)
(Kaiser Agricultural Chem.)
(units in Ib/ton)
Primary aluminum smelting
(inlet) (Alcoa)
(units in Ib/ton)
Pellet cooler (inlet)
(Ralston Purina Co.)
(units in Ib/ton)
Observed
values
22
13
26
27
0,17A
0 27A
W • ft 1 f^
0. 57A
0.34A
3.2
1.2
4.1
0.05650
0.03812
0.19966
11.35
12.36
12.05
4.99
5.51
5.80
Average,
X
22.0
0.338A
2.83
0.098093
11.92
5.433
Max.-min.
14.0
0.40A
2.9
0.16154
1.01
0.81
Factor,
d2
2.06
2.06
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.69
Std. De-
viation,
S
6.80
0.194A
1.72
0.0956
0.598
0.479
S
X
0.309
0.574
0.608
0.976
0.0502
0.0882
X
X
0.155
*
0.287
0.351
0.563
0.0230
0.0509
a) Data from U.S. EPA files unless otherwise noted.
-------
Table D-l (continued) PRECISION OP SOURCE TEST DATA
., s - (Max.-»in.)/d,
RELATIVE TO PARTICULATES 01
Process
Rock dryer scrubber (inlet)
(IMC Corporation)
(units in Ib/ton)
Rock grinder (inlet)
(IMC Corporation)
(units in Ib/ton)
Asphalt concrete
(Plant AI)
(units in Ib/ton)
Asphalt concrete
(Plant B)
(units in Ib/ton)
Asphalt concrete
(Plant C)
(units in lbAon)
Catalytic crackers
(Plant A2)
(units in Ib/hr)
Observed
values
2.307
3.343
2.574
2574
. j 1 *t
1.861
2.223
0007
C WU f
0.011
0.010
0.007
0.012
0.005
0.054
0.051
0.022
0.022
36.7
31.8
35.6
Average,
X
2.741
2.219
0.00933
0.00800
Max.-min.
1.036
0.713
0.004
0.007
0.0373 j 0.032
34.70
4.9
Factor,
d2
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.69
2.06
1.69
Std. De-
viation,
S
0.613
0.422
0.00237
0.00414
0.0155
2.90
S
X
0.224
0.190
0.254
0.518
0.416
0.0836
X
X
0.129
0.110
0.147
0.299
0.208
0.0483
0 Data from U.S. EPA files unless otherwise noted.
-------
Table D-l (continued) PRECISION OF SOURCE TEST DATA
RELATIVE TO PARTICULATES* / " (Max'H
Process
Catalytic crackers
(Plant B)
(units in Ib/hr)
Lead smelting (blast
furnace) (Plant C)
(units in Ib/ton)
Lead smelting
{reverberatory furnace)
(Plant G)
(units in Ib/ton)
Brass and bronze
(reverberatory furnace)
(Plant B)
(units in Ib/ton)
Brass and bronze
(rotary furnace)
(Plant D)
(units in Ib/ton)
Basic oxygen furnace
(Plant A-j^)
(units in Ib/ton)
Observed
values
54.2
56.6
64.1
1.3570
0.7750
1.2849
0.2565
0.1763
0.2046
0.60
0.41
0.43
0,42
0.71
2.00
1.31
0.0021
0.0015
0.0048
Average,
X
58.30
1.1390
0.2125
0.465
1.34
0.0028
Max.-min.
9.9
0.5820
0.0802
0.19
1.29
0.0033
Factor,
d2
1.69
1.69
1.69
2.06
1.69
1.69
Std. De-
viation,
S
5.86
0.344
0.0475
0.0922
0.763
0.00195
S
X
0.101
0.302
0.224
0.198
0.569
0.696
OL
X
X
0.0583
0.174
0.129
0.0990
0.329
0,402
a) Data from U.S. EPA files unless otherwise noted.
-------
Table D-l (continued) PRECISION OF SOURCE TBET DATA
. S « (Max.-min.)/d-
RELATIVE TO PARTICULARS*1 y 2
Process
Basic oxygen furnace
(Plant C)
(units in Ib/ton)
Sludge incinerator
(Plant D)
(units in Ib/ton)
Observed
values
0.730
0.370
0.0471
2.20
3.24
2.87
Average,
X
0.05237
2.77
Max.-min.
0.036
1.04
Factor,
d2
1.69
1.69
Std. De-
viation,
S
0.0213
0.615
S
X
0.407
0.222
X
X
0.235
0.128
Average
0.196
a) Data from U.S. EPA files unless otherwise noted.
-------
Table D-2 PRECISION OP SOURCE TEST DATA
RELATIVE TO SULFUR OXIDES*
(Max.-i
Process
Boiler - coal fired
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Boiler - coal fired
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Sludge incinerator
(Waldwick, N.J.)
(units in Ib/ton)
Boiler - coal fired
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Sludge incinerator
(Barstow, California)
(units in Ib/ton)
Sludge incinerator
(So. Tahoe, California)
(units in Ib/ton)
Observed
values
1.6
1.3
1.2
1.1
5.6
5.9
6.1
5.2
0.088
0.076
0.043
3.6
4.3
0.46
0.74
0.72
1.5
1.3
1.3
Average,
X
1.30
5.70
0.0690
3.95
0.640
1.37
Max.-min.
0.5
0.9
0.045
0.7
0.28
0.2
Factor,
d2
2.06
2.06
1.69
1.13
1.69
1.69
Std. De-
viation,
S
0.243
0.437
0.0267
0.619
0.167
0.118
S
X
0.187
0.0767
0.387
0.157
0.261
0.0861
X
X
0.0935
0.0384
0.223
0.111
0.151
0.0497
o
ui
a) Data from U.S. EPA files unless otherwise noted.
-------
Table D-2 (continued) PRECISION OF SOURCE TEST DATA
RELATIVE TO SULFUR OXIDES* f " <***--mln->/d2
Process
Slude incinerator
(Fairfax Co., Va.)
(units in Ib/ton)
Boiler - coal fired
(Detroit Edison Power)
(units in Ib/ton)
Lead smelting
(blast furnace) (Plant A)
(units in Ib/ton)
Lead smelting (inlet)
(blast furnace) (Plant B)
(units in Ib/ton)
Lead smelting
(blast furnace) (Plant C)
(units in Ib/ton)
Lead smelting
(reverberatory furnace)
(Plant G)
(units in Ib/ton)
Observed
values
0.29
0.21
0.76
52 8
20 S
12 S
30 S
27.3
23.6
15.3
127
66
205
0.0049
0.0041
0.0082
109
110
108
Average,
X
0.420
28.5 S
22.1
133
0.00573
109
Max.-min.
0.55
40.0 S
12.0
139
0.0041
2.0
Factor,
d2
1.69
2.06
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.69
Std. De-
viation,
S
0.325
19.4 S
7.10
82.2
0.00243
1.18
S
X
0.774
0.681
0.321
0.618
0.424
0.0108
X
X
0.447
0.341
0.185
0.357
0.245
0.00624
o
ov
a) Data from U.S. EPA files unless oth»rwi»«
-------
Table D-2 (continued) PRECISION OP SOURCE TEST DATA
^a 8 " (Max.-min.)/d,
x =
RELATIVE TO SULFUR OXIDES
Process
Lead smelting
(reverberatory furnace)
(Plant H)
(units in Ib/ton)
Boiler - oil fired
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Sludge incinerator
(Plant C)
(units in Ib/ton)
Sludge incinerator
(Plant D)
(units in Ib/ton)
Sludge incinerator
(Plant E)
(units in Ib/ton)
Boiler - coal fired pul-
verized
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
lunits in Ibs/mm BTU)
Observed
values
200
197
159
0.92
0.71
1.56
1.47
1.36
0.459
0.738
• 992
7.85
7.97
17.70
3.55
3.83
Average,
X
185
0.815
1.46
0.7297
11.17
3.69
Max.-min.
41.0
0.21
0.20
0.533
9.85
0.28
Factor,
d2
1.69
1.13
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.13
Std. De-
viation,
S
24.3
0.186
0.118
0.315
5.83
0.248
S
X
0.131
0.228
0.0808
•
0.432
0.522
0.0672
-------
Table D-2 (continued) PRECISION OP SOURCE TEST DATA
. s » (Max.-min.)/d0
RELATIVE TO SULFUR OXIDES8 V 2
Process
Boiler - goal fired pul-
verized
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Boiler - coal fired
(Test results taken from
PEECo Environmental files)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Observed
values
4.67
4.20
1.45
1.63
Average,
X
4.44
1.54
Max.-min.
0.47
0.18
Factor,
d2
1.13
1.13
Std. De-
viation,
S
0.416
0.159
S
X
0.294
0.103
I
-------
Table D-3 PRECISION OF SOURCE TEST DATA
RELATIVE TO NITROGEN OXIDES*
S - (Max.
-------
Table D-3 (continued) PRECISION OP SOURCE TEST DATA
. S - (Max.-nin.)/d,
RELATIVE TO NITROGEN OXIDES 0" *
Process
Plant incinerator
(Plant AI)
(units in Ib/ton)
Boiler - coal fired
(Detroit Edison Power)
(units in Ib/ton)
Power plant boiler - n. gas
fired (W.B.Tuttle-Unit 3)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Power plant boiler - n. gas
fired (W.B.Tuttle-Unit 3)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Power plant boiler - n. gas
fired (W.B.Tuttle-Unit 3)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Power plant boiler v n. gas
fired (W.B.Tuttle-Unit 2)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Observed
values
0.16
0.19
0.22
14.6
13.5
13.5
11.5
0.0785
0.0626
0.0548
0.1796
0.2184
0.2232
0.3655
0.3635
0.3421
0.3807
0.3555
0.3555
0.3477
Average,
X
0.190
17.7
0.653
0.2071
0.3570
0.3599
Max.-min.
0.06
3.1
0.0237
0.0436
0.0234
0.0330
Factor,
d2
1.69
2.06
1.69
1.69
1.69
2.06
Std. de-
viation,
S
0.0355
1.50
0.0140
0.0258
0.0138
0.160
S
X
0.187
0.0847
0.0214
0.125
0.0387
0.445
1 5=
X
X
o.ioa
0.0424
0.0124
0.0722
0.0223
0.223
7
H
O
a) Data from U.S. EPA files unless otherwise noted.
-------
Table D-3 (continued) PRECISION OF SOURCE TEST DATA
RELATIVE TO NITROGEN OXIDES*
S - (Max,
or. s
x « 7==
Vn
Process
Power plant boiler - n. gas
fired (W.B.Tuttle-Unit 4)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Power plant boiler - n. gas
fired (W.B.Tuttle-Unit 4)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Power plant boiler - n. gas
fired (W.B.Tuttle-Unit 4)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Power plant boiler - n. gas
fired (W.B.Tuttle-Unit 4)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Power plant boiler -
n. gas fired
(V. H. Brauning - Unit 3)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Phosphate rock calciner
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ibs/nun BTU)
Observed
values
0.1373
0.1341
0.1423
0.1417
0.1914
0.1806
0.1850
0.2263
0.2049
0.1846
0.1919
0.2478
0.2293
0.2301
0.2375
0.2969
0.18496
0.19780
0.19637
140
149
153
126
Average,
X
0.1389
0.1958
0.2073
0.2484
0.19304
142
Max.-min.
0.0082
0.0457
0.0632
0.0676
0.0128
27
Factor,
d2
2.06
2.06
2.06
2.06
1.69
2.06
Std. de-
viation,
S
0.00398
0.0222
0.0307
0.0328
0.00757
13.1
S
X
C.0287
0.113
0.148
0.132
0.0392
0.0923
OL
X
X
0.0144
0.0567
0.074
0.066
0.0226
0.0462
D
a) Data from U.S. EPA files unless otherwise noted,
-------
Table D-3 (continued) PRECISION OP SOURCE TBST DATA
RELATIVE TO NITROGEN OXIDES*
S * (Max.-min.)/d,
01 S 4
v * T&S
Vn
Process
Power plant boiler
n. gas fired
(V. H. Brauning - Unit 3)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Power plant boiler
n. gas fired
(V. H. Brauning - Unit 3)
Observed
values
0.27880
0.32525
0.28454
0.30904
0.35982
0.36454
Average,
X
0.29619
0.34446
Max.-min.
0.0465
0.0555
Factor,
d0
2
1.69
1.69
Std. de-
viation,
S
0.0275
0.0328
•
S
•""^— «•»
X
0.0928
0.0952
•
-------
Table D-4 PRECISION OP SOURCE TEST DATA
RELATIVE TO HYDROCARBONS*
* Reported Ib/hr basis and constant product flow during tests.
S
or.
x
(Max.-roin.)/d2
Process
Lembo machine - coloring
plastic Line PO-1
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ib/hr)
Lembo machine - coloring
plastic Line PO-2
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ib/hr)
Lembo machine - coloring
plastic Line PL-5
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ib/hr)
Lembo machine - coloring
plastic Line PL-6
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ib/hr)
Lembo machine - coloring
plastic Line PL-7
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ib/hr)
11 calender machine-rolling
presses which form plasti-
cizing material into smooth
thin sheets (units in Ib/hr)
(Test results taken from
PEDCo-Environmental files)
Observed
values
85.1
85.8
O A C
80.5
119
117
i 1 *} *1
1 122
•>7 n
•J f • V
39.5
34.2
17.7
18.7
i q n
JL3 . U
21.7
27.6
30.2
2.95
3.54
Average,
X
83.8
119
36.9
18.5
26.5
3 .25
Max.-min.
5.3
5.0
5.3
1.3
8.5
0.59
Factor,
d2
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.13
Std. de-
viation,
S
3.14
2.96
3.14
0.769
5.03
0.522
S
X
0.0375
0.0249
0.0851
0.0416
0.190
0.161
a) Data from U.S. EPA files unless otherwise noted.
-------
Table D-4 (continued) PRECISION OF SOURCE TEST DATA
RELATIVE TO HYDROCARBONS*
* Reported Ib/hr basis and constant product flow during tests.
S » (Max.-min.)/d2
Process
Strike-off printers
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ib/hr)
C-2 oven 1 (plastic from
lembo machine)
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ib/hr)
Laminating embosser
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ib/hr)
Lembo machine - coloring
plastic Line PO-4
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ib/hr) .....
Sludge incinerator
(Fairfax Co., Va.)
(units in Ib/ton)
Power plant boiler
n. gas fired
(W. B. Tuttle - Unit 3)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Observed *
values
34.4
31.0
3.46
4.31
1 1 R
16.9
17.7
56.7
54.5
60.7
0.87
0.63
2.10
0 00026
0.00025
0.00247
Average,
X
32.7
3.64
17.3
57.3
1.20
0.000993
Max.-min,
3.4
1.15
0.8
6.2
1.47
0.00222
Factor,
d2
1.13
1.69
1.13
1.69
1.69
1.69
Std. de-
viation,
8
3.01
0.68
0.708
3.67
0.870
0.00131
S
X
0.0920
0.187
0.0409
0.0640
0.725
i
1.32
X
X
0.0651
0.108
0.0289
0.0369
0.419
0.762
a) Data from U.S. EPA files unless otherwise noted.
-------
Table D-4 (continued) PRECISION OF SOURCE TEST
RELATIVE TO HYDROCARBONS*
* Reported Ib/hr basis and constant product flow during teats
DATA
S - (Max.
°L S
« =
Process
Line 2 - lacquer spray
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ib/hr)
Line 4 - Lacquer spray
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ib/hr)
Line 4 & 5 - lacquer spray
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ib/hr)
1404 Lacquer spray
(Test results taken from
PEDCo Environmental files)
(units in Ib/hr)
Power plant boiler -
n. gas fired
(W. B. Tuttle - #4)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Power plant boiler -
n. gas fired
(W. B. Tuttle - #4)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Observed
values
1.6
2.2
2.6
1.9
4.8
5.7
19.4
20.7
0.00053
0.00822
0.00090
0.00113
0.00004
0.00119
0 00131
0.00109
Average,
X
1.90
2.25
5.25
20.1
0.00270
0.000908
Max.-min.
0.6
0.7
0.9
1.3
0.00769
0.00127
Factor,
d2
1.13
1.13
1.13
1.13
2.06
2.06
Std. de-
viation,
S
0.531
0.619
0.796
1.15
•
0.00373
0.000617
S
X
0.279
0.275
0.152
0.0572
1.38
•
0.680
X
X
0.147
0.122
0.107
0.0404
0.690
0.340
9
H
U1
a) Data from U.S. EPA files unless otherwise noted.
-------
Table D-4 (continued) PRECISION OF SOURCE TEST DATA
RELATIVE TO HYDROCARBONS*
S = (Max
"- JL
X=VH=
,-min.)/d~
Process
Power plant boiler
n. gas fired
(W. B« Tuttle - 14)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Power plant boiler
n. gas fired
(W. B. Tuttle - tl)
(units in Ibs/iran BTU)
-
Observed
values
0.00010
0.00644
0.00197
0.00219
0.00021
0.00084
0.00084
0.00021
Average,
X
0.00268
0.000525
Max.-min.
0.00634
0.00063
Factor,
d2
2.06
2.06
Std. de-
viation,
S
0.00308
0.000306
S
X
1.15
0.583
X
X
0.575
0.292
Average
0.203
7
H
a) Data from U.S. EPA files unless otherwise noted.
-------
Table D-5 PRECISION OF SOURCE TEST DATA
RELATIVE TO CARBON MONOXIDE*
S
-------
Table D-5 (continued) PRECISION OF SOURCE TEST DATA
RELATIVE TO CARBON MONOXIDE8
S - (Max.-min.)/d,
01
*
Process
Power plant boiler
n. gas fired
(W. B. Tuttle - #4)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Power plant boiler
n. gas fired
(W. B. Tuttle - 14)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Power plant boiler
n. gas 'fired
(W. B. Tuttle - #4)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Power plant boiler
n. gas fired
(V. H. Braunig - #3)
(units in Ibs/rom BTU)
Power plant boiler
n. gas fired
(V. H. Braunig - 13)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Power plant boiler
n. gas fired
(V. H. Braunig - 13)
(units in Ibs/mm BTU)
Observed
values
0.0006
0.0020
0.0010
0.0012
0.0014
0.0052
0.0012
0.0010
0.0028
0.0025
0.0002
0.0014
0.00046
0.00023
0.00338
0.00086
0.00064
0.02519
0.01989
0.00743
Average,
X
0.00120
0.00220
0.00173
0.000230
0.00163
0.01750
Max.-min.
0.0014
0.0042
0.0026
0.00046
0.00274
0.01776
Factor,
d2
2.06
2.06
2.06
1.69
1.69
1.69
======
Std. de-
viation,
S
0.000680
0.00204
0.00126
0.000272
0.00162
0.0105
S
X
0.567
0.927
0.728
1.17
0.994
0.600
X
X
0.284
0.464
0.364
0.675
0.574
0.346
a) Data from U.S. EPA files unless otherwise noted.
-------
Table D-5 (continued) PRECISION OF SOURCE TEST DATA
^a S - (Max.
x =
RELATIVE TO CARBON MONOXIDE
Process
Catalytic cracker
(Plant A2)
(units in Ib/hr)
Lead smelter (blast furnace)
(Plant A)
(units in Ib/ton)
Lead smelter (blast furnace)
(Plant B)
(units in Ib/ton)
Lead smelter (blast furnace)
(Plant C)
(units Ib/ton)
Lead smelter
(reverberatory furnace)
(Plant G)
(units in Ib/ton)
Lead smelter
(reverberatory furnace)
(Plant H)
(units in Ib/ton)
Observed
values
8.0
7.2
8.8
136
80
134
33
52
188
280
133
91
30.2
31.4
29.4
42.5
40.8
36.2
Average,
X
8.00
117
91.0
168
30.3
39.83
Max.-min.
1.6
56
155
189
2.0
6.3
Factor,
d2
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.69
1.69
Std. de-
viation,
S
0.947
33.1
91.7
112
1.18
3.73
S
X
0.118
0.283
1.01
0.667
0.0389
0.0936
or
X
X
0.0681
0.163
0.583
0.385
0.0225
0.0540
a) Data from U.S. EPA files unless otherwise noted.
-------
Table D-5 (continued) PRECISION OF SOURCE TEST DATA
RELATIVE TO CARBON MONOXIDE*
S - (Max.-min.)/d
Process
Basic oxygen furnace
(Plant A2)
(units in Ib/ton)
Basic oxygen furnace
(Plant B)
(units in Ib/ton)
Observed
values
140
104
106
134
124
237
Average,
X
117
165
Max.-min.
36
113
Factor,
d2
1.69
1.69
Std. de-
viation,
g
21.3
66.9
S
X
0.182
0.405
1
a) Data from U.S. EPA files unless otherwise noted.
-------
APPENDIX E
CALCULATION OF PRECISION OF LIGHT DUTY
GASOLINE VEHICLE EXHAUST EMISSION
FACTORS FOR CO, HC, & NO
-------
Vthicl«i,pc
Hu»|-
Table B-l CALCULATION OP PRECISION'OP EXHAOST EMISSION FACTORS
••»>
0.00596
0.00596
0.00595
0.00601
0.00360
0.00926
0.00304
0.00260
0.00269
0.00337
87_l29.7 ' 0.00392
87J 43.0
87
0.00568
16.3 0.002153
Deterioration lie lor, d.
«"i
1.18
1.32
1.38
1.401
1.68
1.58
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
Virldj)
0.00309
0.00517
0.00617
0.00633
0.00220
0.00153
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
*j« c,d, m,$.
VjfU.)
0.00222
0.00297
0.00324
0.00323
0.00078
0.00061
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Weighted innuiltrml.iKi
m,
0.107
0.151
0.133
0.111
0.112
0.104
0.078
0.063
0.04J
0.027
0.020
0.012
0.036
Vjrlm,)
0.0000281
0.0000477
0.0000315
0.0000198,
0.0000177
0.0000160
0.0000116
0.0000117
0.0000095
0.0000055
0.0000051
0.0000024
0.0000280
Virlm.l
(m,)'
0.00245
0.00209
0.00178
0.00161
0.00141
0.00148
0.00191
0.00295
0.00449
0.00754
0.01275
0.01667
0.02160
Sptcd correction (JClor, tj
tj
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
O.Blj
0 81
0.81
0.81
0.81
VaMji)
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
',. • 46.54
V*r(ij>
<»i)'
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
L-
[minion fjctor, t,
«i
1.9431
3.0675
5.0547
4.5315
5.9440
6.1226
5.4967
4.4396
3.2416
1.9027
1.4094
0.8456
2.5369
46.5359
ViHt,)
0.05709
0.14594
0.39500
0.31500
0.36320
0.59378
EVjr(ql
UP
0.01512
0.01551
0.01546
0.01534
0.01028
0.01584
ii. j
0.28522J 0.00944
0.19789
0.12263
0.05575
0.04203
0.01919
0.18175
0.01004
0.01167
0.01540
0.02116
0.02684
0.02824
2.77447
«,)- <«,)'
[V'f (Cj > Vjr(dj) Var(mj) V*r«j>]
1 I J
'•„
). 2.774
. 1.666
>. 0.0358
-------
Table B-2 CALCULATION OF PRECISION Of EXHAUST EMISSION FACTORS
Vthidttypr: @ lijM dutj (itolinc
ROXIVP*
Suburban
P»M»l»nl
CO
^KOET
1
2_
3_
4
5
6
7
8
9
1C
11
12
13
[_J Mri>r-dul) laiolin*
Vorifl
1973
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
""1961" "i
older
tj
(minion rait, cj
Vole,)
19J. 2.15
19
34
36
39
46
87
87
87
87
2.15
6.88
7.79
5.48
19.6
23.0
^
0.00596
0.00596
0.00595
0.00601
0.00360
0.00926
0.00304
19.7 ! 0.00260
»:!"
0.00269
0.00337
87!29.7 0.00392
87|43.0 0.00568
87
16.3
0.002153
A»f.»pe«d__35_mpfi
Dtttrioration factor, d.
t,
1.18
1.32
1.38
1.40
_14.6J
1.58
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
Vat(d,l
0.00309
0.00517
0.00617
0.00633
0.00220
0.00153
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
(d,)J
0.00222
0.00297
0.00324
0.00323
0.00078
0.00061
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Weighted annual Iravtl, RIJ
m.
0.107
0.151
0.133
0.111
0.112
0.104
0.078
0.063
0.046
0.027
0.020
0.012
0.036
¥jr(m,(
0.0000281
0.0000477
0.0000315
0.0000198
0.0000177
0.0000160
0.0000116
0.0000117
O.C000095
0.0000055
0.0000051
0.0000024
Varlm,)
(m,)'
0.00245
0.00209
0.00178
0.00161
0.00141
0.00148
0.00191
0.00295
0.00449
0.00754
0.01275
0.01667
0.0000280 | 0.02160
Spied correction ficlor, tj
f.
0.60
0.60
0.60
0..60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
Varli,)
0.00162 j
0.00162
a. 00162
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
VarlSj)
(Si)1
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
Cminionlaclar, *(
e.
1.4394
2.2722
3.7442
3.3566
4.4029
4.5352
4.0716
3.2886
2.4012
1.4094
1.0440
0.6264
1.8792
*i~cjOfmtS| etv * 34 » 47 / , ~ •%* J7QQ
¥„(.,»
,03133
.08008
.21673
.17283
.19928
.32580
.15650
o Vartil
(ill
0.01512
0.01551
0.01546
0.01534
0.01028
0.01584
- • -
0.00944
.loesej 0.01004
.06728
.03059
.023063
.01053
0.01167
0.01540
0.02116
0.02684
.09973 | 0.02824
l.IMM
w
Vir-c,i
[Varlc,) Vittd,) VaHmji
lcT)»~ f 'So~ * Tir^F
1-522
1.234
**t. 0,
,0358
-------
Table E-3 CALCULATION OF PRECISION OP EXHAUST EMISSION FACTORS
Vehicle type [x] li(ht-dut)f fatolint
D H«»7-
Rtld type
Rural
PoUutjnt CO
*«. wed < 5mali
•l«
1
2
3^
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Model
i«r
~..J19-?!
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
1961 &
older
(mission rate, c.
C|
_\3
19
34
36
39
46
87
87
87
87
"-
_JZ
87
Virlc,)
2.15
Varlcj)
ItjM
0.00596
2.15' 0.00596
6.88
7.79
5.48
19.6
0.00595
0.00601
0,00360
0.00926
23.0 1 0.00304
19.7 ! 0.00260
20.4 I 0.00269
25.5
0.00337
29.7 0.00392
43.0
16.3
0.00568
0.002153
Dfter iorjlion lactor, d,
«i
1.18
1.32
1.38
1.40
1.68
1.58
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
Vltld.l
0.00309
0.00517
0.00617
0.00633
0.00220
0.00153
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Virtd,)
(d,)'
0.00222
0.00297
0.00324
0.00323
0.00078
0.00061
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Wttchlcd annual tri»H, m|
m,
0.107
0.151
0.133
0.111
0.112
0.104
0.078
0.063
0.046
0.027
0.020
0.012
0.036
Vjrtrn,)
0.0000281
0.0000477
0.0000315
0.0000198
0.0000177
0.0000160
0.0000116
0. 0000117
0.0000095
0.0000055
0.0000051
0.0000024
0.0000280
Vaflmj)
(ID|)>
..O._0024_5_
0.00209
0.00178
0.00161
0.00141
0.00148
0.00191
0.00295
0.00449
0.00754
0.01275
0.01667
0.02160
Sp«rt correction factor, j.
i,
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0,50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
Vjrdjl
_0_.OOU2
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
Varltj)
!sj)>
.ILtP.PJA?-
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
(minion fjctof, (j
*i
1.1995
1.8935
3.1202
2.7972
3.6691
3.7794
3.3930
2.7405
_ ... . ... ..j
2.0010
1.1745
0.87
0.522
1.566
«i--tidjnii»i *.„ - 28.73
f Var' J
•Z Var(ti) ,
,(«„!• 1.057
. 1.021
, 1». 0.0358
-------
Vthitletype (x] licM-dulj I
PI Htlfj-duly ijtolint
T«bl« E-4 CALCULATION OF PRECISION Of EXHAUST EMISSION FACTORS
*•«< Im Limited Access paiiuunt CO
tiliottt 55
«r
1
2
3
4
5
_ 6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Vadtl
1973
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
1961 &
older
Cftmiion rilt, tj
^
19
VJMC,]
VirU,)
Ujl>
2.15 0.00596
2.1S! 0.00596
341' 6.881 0.00595
36
39
46
87
7.79
5.48
19.6
23.0
87(19^7
87
87
87
87
87
_27
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0. 00449
0.00449
Imnsion Ijctor, *j
t.
1.0555
1.6663
2.7458
2.4615
3.2288
3.3258
2.9858
2.4116
1.7609
1.0336
0.7656
0.4594
1.3781
25.28 T,s 25.2787
.01684
r-Vjr(«)
^ (I)'
0.01512
I
.04306 0.01551
• y16-5^ ,
.09295
0.01546
'
0.01534
.10717 * 0.01028
.17521
.08416
0.01584
0.00944
.05839 0.01004
.03619
.01645
.01240
.00566
.05363
0.01167
0.01540
0.02116
0.02684
0.02824
.81867
14
I
r-V«rlci> Vjr(dj) Virlm,) Varliill
[ (tj)» f 7ii\i~- + (q,j)i *TiiT>~J
0.8187
0.9048
0.0358
-------
Table 1-5 CALCULATION OP PRECISION OF BXHA08T BUMZOM FACTORS
Vehicle type: f xj tigfil-dulr sMSoline
(~~! Hea»)-ijul> catoliite
ȣ'
1
2
3
4
.5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Model
>e»r
J.973
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
1961 i
older
Emission rile, c;
Ci
2.7
2.7
2.9
3.6
4.4
4.5
8.3
8.3
8.8
8.8
8.8
8.8
8.8
Var(c,)
0.0166
0.0166
Vatic,)
(',)'
0.00228
0.00228
t
0.0192 0.00228
0.0483
0.153
0.410
0.786
0.672
0.658
0.872
1.015
1.4&9
0.558
0.00373
0.00790
0.019BO
0.01015
0.00868
0.00901
0.01126
0.01311
0.01897
0.0072
Rom type Urban Pollutant »C
««. speed _i5_mph
Deterioration (actor. A,
«li
1.05
1.10
1.13
1.15
1.23
1.28
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
V..W,)
0.000662
0.000984
0.00134
0.00133
0.000507
0.000441
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
V*r(,lj)
Id™
0.00060
(K qoogi
0.00105
0.00100
0.00034
0.00027
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
We,
111,
0.107
JK151
0.133
0.111
0.112
0.104
0.078
0.063
0.046
0.027
0.020
0.012
0.036
Hhted .innujl Irjttl, fflj
Vjrfm,)
0.0000281
0.0000477
O.OOD0315
0.00001D8
0.0000177
0.0000160
0.0000116
0.0000117
0.0000095
0.0000055
0.0000051
0.0000024
0.0000280
Var(m,)
("•,) =
0.00245
0.00209
0.00178
0.00161
0.00141
0.00148
0.00191
0.00295
0.00449
0.00754
0.01275
0.01667
0.02160
Speed correction (actor, sj
«i
0.87
0.87
-O.JLL
0.67
0.87
0.87
0.87
0.87
O.B7
0.87
0.87
0.87
0.87
Var(sj)
.0.00119.
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
Var(sj)
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
{mission lector, ej
ei
0.2639
0.3902
0.3792
0.3998
0.5273
0.5212
0.5972
0.4823
0.3522
0.2067
0.1531
C.0919
Vart',)
r- Var(i)
<- (,)'
I
.0004805 0.0069
.00103
0.00675
.00096 0.00668
.00126 ! 0.00791
.00312
0.01122
.00628 0.02312
.00486
.00307
.00187
.00087
.00064
.00031
0.2756 ,.00231
*;=cj(ijm,ij *w - 4.641 £= 4.6406
0.01363
0.01320
0.01507
0.02037
0.02743
0.03721
0.03037
.02706
M
m
Vaud.) Varfmj) V»r(tj>
is;,-
«n '
t, , Var Jtn) • I
[»»r (*„>]
C. 02706
. 0.1«45
*. 0.035445
-------
Tabl« B-« CA1CUIAT1O* OF PRECISION Or EXHAUST 0USSION FACTORS
W
t
«t«
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
JLO
1L
J.2
13
Vtliitltlfp*: Q liihl-dut| (Jtolint
r| Ht»ij-dut» (Jiolint
Model
yfJt
1973
1972
19 7 1_
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
1961 &
older
Cnnssion ratr, c.
Cj
2.7
;.,
?-JL.
3^6
4.4
4.5
8.8
8.8
8.8
8.8
8.8
3.8
8.8
Vjr(c,}
Vjr(ti)
~uYF-
0.0166 0.00228
0.0166
0.0192
0.0483
0.153
0.410
0.786
0.672
0.698
0.872
1.015
1.469
0.558
0.00228
0.00228_
0.00373
0.00790
0.01980
0.01015
O.OOC^'3
0.00901
0.01126
0.01311
0.01897
0.0072
Roidtrpt Suburban P0ii«tii.i HC
*»C.totid 35 imh
Ofltrianlion liclcr, t(
<>i
1.05
1.10
1.13
1.15
1.23
1^28
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
V»r00725
0.000725
0.000725
0.000725
0.000725
0.000725
0.000725
JK000725
0.000725
JO. 000 72 5
0.000725
Vir(sj)
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
[minion liclor, tj
»i
0.2063
0.3050
0.29^4_
0.3125
0.4122
_JK4073
0.4668
0.3770
0.2753
0.1616
0.1197
0.0718
0.2154
•i- V).(nij)
t. - 1 1 j , Vir dn) • I ¥», (»j ) .
[V«r fc
0.01654
0.1216
, 1*. 0.03546
••e
-------
w
-J
VViich typt: [xj Light-duty guolinc
Q H«a»y -
T«bl« 1-7 CALCOIATIOW OF
"••iiTpe _ Rural
PRECISION OF EXHAUST BMISSHW FACTORS
roliutjnt «C ___
«f
1973
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
1961 6
older
Ennuion rait, Cj
«i
2.7
2.7
2.9
3.6
4.4
4.5
8.8
8.8
8.8
8.8
8.8
8.8
8.8
V»rlc.)
VirUj)
"(c",P
0.0166* 0.00228
1
o.oiee! 0.00228
0.0192
0.0483
0.153
0.410
0.786
0.672
0.698
0.872
1.015
1.469 1
0.558 1
'i = c, <1 j m, ij
0.00228
0.00373
0.00790
0.01980
0.01015
0.00868
0.00901
0.01126
0.01311
0.01897
0.0072
Detcriorjtion (actor, dj
«,
1.05
1.10
1.13
1.15
1.23
1.28
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
V)r(dj)
0,000662
0.000984
0.00134
0.00133
0.000507
0.000441
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
»»(«!,)
J!
0.00245
0.00209
0.00178
0.00161
0.00141
0.00148
0.00191
0.00295
0.00449
0.00754
0.01275
0.01667
0.02160
Spt,
e,
0.1759
0.2601
0.2528
0.2665
0.3516
0.3474
0.3981
0.3216
0.2348
0.1378
0.1021
0.0612
0.1837
'.c - 3.094 I> 3-0936
^•V.ir(i)
Va.(»,) ', L, (,y~-
.00021 0.0069
i
.00046 0.00675
.00043
.00056
.00139
.00279
.00216
.00136
.00083
.00039
.00029
.00014
.00103
0.001-68
0.00791
0.01122
0.02312
0.01363
0.01320
0.01507
0.02037
0.02743
0.03721
0.03037
0.01204
...... f V«tci) Var(dj) Vjr(m
V"('')'(")l [ lor ^ Taip- + liSiJT
t.-Zti, hr *») • 1 it,Uj) , %
,). 0.01204
. 0.1*97
«. 0.03546
«•€
-------
Table B-8 CALCULATION OF PRECISION OF EXHAUST EMISSION FACTORS
Vehicle l»pt:
M
oo
*•»* type Limited Acce»» Poiliiiant HC
^c*
2
_3
4
6
7
8
,9
10
11
13
Q Heavy-duty gasoline Atf. sprtd 5' mpfc
Moilel
1973
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
1961 fc
older
Emission rate, c;
.,
2.7
2.7
¥ar(c,)
vn(c,)i Tc'iF"
0.0166 0.00228
0.0166
0.00228
2.9 ,oioi92! 0.00228
3.6
4.4
4.5
8.8
8.8
8.8
8.8
8.8
8.8
8.8
0.0483
0.153
0.410
0.786
0.672
0.698
0.872
1.015
1.469
0.558
0.00373
0.00790
0.01980
0.01015
0.00868
0.00901
0.01126
0.01311
0.01897
0.0072
Deterioration lacier, dj
«i
1.05
1.10
1.13
1.15
1.23
1.28
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
Var(r),)
0.000662
0.000984
0.00134
0.00133
0.000507
0.000441
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
^.rjdj)
0.00060
0.00081
0.00105
0.00100
0.00034
0.00027
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Weighted annual lra>el, mj
m,
0.107
0.151
J1.133
0.111
0.112
0.104
0.078
0.063
0.046
0,027
0.020
0.012
0.036
Vjr(m,)
0.0000281
0.0000477
0.0000315
0.0000198
0.0000177
0.0000160
0.0000116
0.0000117
0.0000095
0.0000055
0.0000051
0.0000024
0.0000280
V»r(m,)
(m,)'
0.00245
0.00209
0.00178
0.00161
0.00141
0.00148
0.00191
0.00295
0.00449
0.00754
0.01275
0.01667
0.02160
Speed correction factor, Si
*i
Oj.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
Var(s()
0.000393
0.000393
0.000393
0.000393
0.000393
0.000393
0.000393
0.000393
0.000393
0.000393
0.000393
0.000393
Var(ij)
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.000393 0.00157
(mission f.iclor,
0.1517
0.2242
Var(e,)
_.J)0016
.00034
0.2179 ! .00032
0.2298
0.3031
0.2995
0.3432
0.2772
0.2024
0.1188
0.0880
0.0528
.00042
.00103
.00207
.00161
.00101
.00062
.00029
.00021
.00010
0.1584 , .00076
«i'«i«l,mjij '« - 2.667 E* 2.6670
.00894
'.
•••.,,(,)
-1 (<)•
0.0069
0.00675
0.00668
0.00791,
0.01122
0.02312
....
0.01363
0.01320
0.01507
0.02037
0.02743
0.03721
0.03037
« , ^ f ^
V"("M")3
*B « £ Ci , V.r
-------
Table 1-* CALCULATION OF PRECISIOK OF EXHAUST EMISSION FACTORS
Vehicle type;
'
l
2
3
_J
5
6
8
10
13
Model
vear
-1973.
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
196i i
older
| H light-duty gasoline Road type Urban • pollutant NOX
1 1 Heavy-duty gasoline
Cj
2,3.
4.8
4 R
•i.l
5.5
3.6
1.6
1.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
[mission rate, c;
Var(c.)
,0071.5
0.031:
0.031:
0.0324
0.045f
0.044!
0.0503
0.043C
0.0447
0.055E
Va. (e,>
U,)'
0.00136
0.00136
0.00136
0.00125
0.00151
0.00241
0.00388
0.00332
0.00345
0.00431
0.0650 0. 00^02
0.035"
! 0.00725
0.00275
»»E spetd 25 mph
Deterioration (actor, 4,
d
1.11
1.00
i 1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
V«r(dj)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Vir(dt)
0.00141*
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Weighted annual travel, m.
0.107
0.151
0.133
0.111
0.112
0.104
0.078
0.063
0.046
0.027
0.020
0.012
0.036
VarU.)
0.0000281.
0.0000477
0.0000315
0.0000198
0.0000177
0.0000160
0.0000116
0.0000117
0.0000095
0.0000055
0.0000051
0.0000024
0.0000280
Vir(mj)
(m,)'
0.00245_
0.00209
0.00178
0.00161
0.00141
0.00148
0.00191
0.00295
0.00449
0.00754
0.01275
0.01667
0.02160
Speed correction (actor, Sj
Si
1.05
1.05
1.05
1.05
1.05
1.05
1.05
1.05
1.05
1.05
1.05
1.05
Vardj)
•
Var(sj)
(Si)7
0.00303*
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
Cmission factor, ej
(i-
0.2868
Vatle,!
r.v-"('l
.00068 i O.OOR2-3
I
Oj76104 1 ,00375 O.Od ' •! =>
0.6703
0.5944
0.6468
0.4696
0.2948
0.2381
0.1739
0.1021
0.0756
0.0454
0.1361
ti t.u.m.si e.n -- 4.495 £ = 4.4949
, .00277
.00208
.00249
O.OOt-J .'
0.00539
0.00-^95
.00153 : 0.00692
.00077
.00053
.00033
.00015
.00012
.00005
.00051
0.00882
0.00930
0.01095
0.01490
0.02080
0.02695
0.02738
0.01576
n
Va,(t|>
Vji(d,)
__-
Vjr(sj)")
+ __
en- le, , V»(en) - I Varfe;) , «en • [Vjr(en)]V>
*Tk« t«trt|t »r*tftlM tf 1C and Ct ««tirl»ritl»i fatten wit n*4.
Var(eNOl). 0.01576
*„ • 0.1255
^•0.0279
*Tkt mragt irHltlM rf HC iitf C« «p«e< ctrrictlei fKtort MIIM!
-------
I
M
O
Vfhictt tjpt Q liiM-dulrfitolini
Table B-10 CALCULATION OF PRECISION OF EXHAUST EMISSION FACTORS
Ro»d trpt Suburban poiiutini J±°x
•ft
3
6
7
9
10
11
j.2
1,1
Modrl
_J973
1972
19J1
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
,.1965 _.
1964
1963
1962
1961 t
older
•i-c.dim,^
(minion ratt, ti
t,
1:1"
4.8
5.1
5.5
4.3
3.6
3.6
3.6
1.6
3.6
3.6
tfjr|(|>
,PO_71?
0.031J
0.031:
0.045E
0.044!
o.oso:
0.043(
0.044"
0.055E
V»r(ej)
O.MJ36
0.00136
0 ..00136
0.00125
0.00151
0.00241
O.OOJ88
O.OOJ32
0.00345
0.0043?
1
Q,06Sd O.OOSO?.
C.094C
0.0351
0.007X5
0.00275
OtUritialion tictir, dj
d
.1.1.1.
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
J..OO
1.00
1.00
1.00
V«r(dj)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
JVT-
0.00141*
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
JKO
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Wtighltd jniutl If i»tl. raj
Q..1.07
0.133
.P. -.I.1.!.
.0,112
0.104
0.078
0.046
0.027
0.020
0.036
Vjr(m,)
0.0000281
0.0000477
0.0000315
0.0000198
0.0000177
0.0000160
O.OOQ0116
0.0000117
0.0000095
0.0000055
0.0000051
0.0000024
0.0000280
v.rUi)
(m,)'
0.00245
0.00209
0.00178
0.00161
0.00141
0.00148
0.00191
0.00295
0.00449.
0.00754
0.01275
0.01667
0.02160
Spetdctrrtclitn factor, i,
,.
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
».(.,)
.
Var(s;)
l»i)J
0.00303'
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
Emission lie lor, t,
e,
0.3251
0.8625
0.7597
0.6737
0.7330
0.5322
0.3341
0.2699
0.1971
0.1157
0.0857
0.0514
0.1542
tMm • 5.094 £* 5.0943
V,,,,
.00087
.00482
.00356
EVtid)
(x):
0 . 00825
0.00648
0.00617
.00267 0.00589
.00320 1 0.00595
.00196
.00098
.00068
.00042
.00020
.00015
.00007
.00065
0.00692
0.00882
0.00930
0.01095
0.01490
0.02080
0.02695
0.02738
0.02023
[V»r(c,) Var(d.) Vjr(m.) V>r(sj)1
Tel~ * (d )»' + (my 4 TTTT
»»• E ti . Vjri»n) - I Vjr(e() , '(, • [vjrfc,)]'''
*Tkt attraft »r»cltl*« ri K MdCt dtUritnlUo l*cItrt mu lltd. *Tfct iftrift prMblM tl 1C nd Ct «p««d orricll** lwl«ri
»o> 0.02023 .-j-
• 0.1422
-------
Tabl« B-U CALCULATION OF PRECISION OF EXHAUST EMISSION FACTORS
Vtliicle Irpe ]J3 Ulht-dut» jaioline
LJ Heny-duly Eiselint
,1
2
,
4
6
7
9
9
10
11
13
*.»,
1 Ql •*
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
1961 &
o 1 d*r
[mission tilt, Cj
Cj
4.8
4.8
LJL
«l3_
3,6
3.6
3.6
3.6
•». K
Vjr(c,)
Vir(Cj)
,OOJ.li 0,00116. _
0.0313 0.00136
0.0313 0.00136
0.045f
0.050:
0.0431
0.044:
0.0551
0 065(
0.094C
n.ms-
0.00125
0.00151
0.00241
0.00388
0.00332
0.00345
0.00431
0 00502
0.00725
ft.nn?7«;
Ro>d type Rural ' Pollulanl NC
IX.SDttd 45 moh
Dtttrtoiition lattoi, rj.
d.
_i..ii_
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1 00
1.00
1 .00
Vai(d,)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
(d,)'
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
*
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
)..
Wufhtf J innu.i) trirtl, m.
m,
0.151
0-133
0.111
0.112
0.104
0.078
0.063
0.020_
0.012
0.036
Vj.(m)
0.0000281
0.000047J_
0.0000315
0.0000198_
0.0000177
0.0000160
0.0000116
0.0000117
0.0000095
0.0000055
O..000p051_
0.0000024
0.0000280
Var(mi)
O.Q0245
0.00209
0.00178
0.00161
0.00141
0.00148
0.00191
0.00295
0.00449
0.00754
0.01275
0.01667
0.02160
Spftd correction factor, s,
„
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
VatUj)
Vjr(ij)
(»i):
0.00303*
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
tmission factor, ej
«.
0.3578
»„..,.
.00106
0.9495 ; .00584
0.8363
0.7416
0.8070
0.5858
0.3678
0.2971
0.2169
.00432
^ (.)-
0.00825
0.00648
O.OOC.17
.00324 0.00589
.00387
.00237
.00119
O.OOS-J5
0.00692
0.00882
.00082 | 0.00930
.00052 ; 0.01095
0.1273J .00024 0.01490
0.0943
.00019
0.0566_J .00009
0.1698
0.02080
0.02695
.00079 0.02738
.:..:-..:., .M • 5.«08 La 5.6078 I 0.02454
n
i
„ „,.-,
0.02454
-
He MI Cl MtritritlM IMIMS Mt w»*. k Tkt m»ft fntbl* »t W ••< tt t^ttd «*rrtttl«n lMl*rt M* IM4.
-------
Table «-12 CALCUIATIOH OF PRECISION OF EXHAUST EMISSION FACTORS
Vthitli tjpf. [jg 0(M
R*a00303
(million Ijrlor, f,
«i
0.3961_
,1.0510
0.9257
0.8208
0.8932
0.6484
0.4072
0.3289
0.2401
0.1409
0.1044
0.0626
0.1879
•„., • 6.207 Ex 6.2072
1 r Varl.)
Vir'V L, (,),
.00129 : 0_.Ji825
.00716 0.00648
.00529 ! 0.00617
.00397 0.00589
.00475 0.00595
.00291 0.00692
.00146 : 0.00882
.00101 j 0.00930
.00063 i 0.01095
.00030 ! 0.01490
.00023 ! 0.02080
.00011 j 0.02695
.00097 | 0.02738
0.03008
F Vir(c,) V.u(
-------
APPENDIX F
CALCULATION OF PRECISION OF HEAVY DUTY
GASOLINE VEHICLE EXHAUST EMISSION
FACTORS FOR CO, HC, & NO
-------
Table T-l CALCULATION OF PRECISIOR OF EXHAUST EMISSION FACTORS
Vehicle type |_J lijlit- duty gasoline
Ijtl Heavy- duly gasoline
* e
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Model
year
1973
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
19~ol &
older
Emission rale, cj
Cj
Vjr(c,I
130 194
130 194
130
130
140
140
140
140
140
194
194
15.9
15.9
15.9
15.9
15.9
Var»
0.01147
0.01147
0.01147
0.01147
0.00081
0.00081
0.00081
0.00081
0.00081
140 | 15.9; 0.00081
140
140
15.9
15.9
140 15.9
0.00081
0.00081
0.00081
Road type Urban Pollutant CO
«»{ speed JJJLmph
Deterioration factor, dj
d.
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
Varld,)
0
Varld,)
Id,)'
0
0 j 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
• ••'•
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 j 0
Weighted annual travel, m,
mj
0.107
0.159_i
0.120
0.112
0.095
0.086
0.062
0.052
0.037
0.028
0.018
0.016
0.108
Vjflm,)
78 x 10"7
r— - --7"
174 x 10
36 x 10~
31 x 10"7
15 x 10~7
17 x 10"7
6 x 10~7
4 x 10
1 x 10~
••7
0.5 x 10
0.2 x 10
0.2 x 10
-7
8 X 10
Vartm,)
0.00069
0.00069
0.00025
0.00025
0.00017
0.00017
0.00017
0.00017
0,00007
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
Speed correction (actor, Sj '
,(
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
o.ei
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.81
V.,C.i>
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
0.00295
Vlrls,)
-------
»»iidt t»p« n
Table P-2 CALCULATION OF PRECISION OF EXHAUST EMISSION FACTORS
Rtid l>p« Suburban r*n»iini CO
'•«.
_ 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
13
M«d«|
1972
1971
_1970_
1969
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
older
Cj
13tL
130
130
130
140
140
140
140
140
140
140
140
140
Cmiivion r j)t, C{
Vjric,)
194
194
194
194
15.9
15.9
15.9
15. S
-..5/!
V4f(t,l
(t,)'
0.01147
0.01147
0.01147
0,01147
0.00081
0.0008)
0.00081
0.00081
0.00081
15.9' O.OOOfU
15.9! 0.00081
35.9) 0.00081
15.9
0.00081
DtlrriorJlion tielor, d,
d.
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
V«r(tf,l
0
_ 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
t)
0
0
0
0
•Sir1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Wfijhlfd innuil Ir J»el, mi
m, 1 Vjrlm,)
0.107
78 x 10"7
1 -7
0.159 J174 x 10
0.120 ! 36 x lo"7
0.112
0.095
0.086
0.062
0.052
0.037
0.028
0.018
0.016
31 x 10"7
15 x 10"7
17 x lo"7
6 x 10"7
4 x 10"
—7
1 x 10
0.5 x lo"
0.2 x 10*
-7
0.2 x 10
0.108| 8 x 10"
Varlmp
(m 1'
0.00069
0.00069
0.00025
0.00025
0.00017
0.00017
0.00017
0.00017
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
Speed cor reel ion (atlor, »j*
ij
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
Vjf U,l
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
0.00162
Virdj)
i)»
0.01665
0.01665
0.01621
0.01621
0.00547
0.00547
0.00547
0.00547
0.00537
0.00537
0.00537
0.00537
0.00537
7.81
I
to
Vjrlmj} Vardj)
(mi)' (I,)
[V4r(c,J ViMd.l
ir.lT--Til,—
tB- Ztj . »ir(f.l • Z »««!,) .
* Spttd ctrrtCltM ftcltf I t«M 41 Iw li|M-Art| |tMNM vthicltl.
Vn (t)
7.81
2.79
L-. 0.03444
-------
T»bl« F-3 CALCULATION OF PRECISIOH OF EXHAUST HUSSION FACTORS
Vfhicl* t»p«:[_] lithl-duty jjsoline
Q Huvy-dutr {JUtine
*(t
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Model
1'"
1973
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
I9T61 &
older
Emission ritt, Cj
Cj
130
130
130
130
140
140
140
140
140
140
140
140
140
VartCj!
194
194
194
194
15.9
15.9
15.9
15.9
15.9
15.9
V»rUjl
(Cj)'
0.01147
0.01147
0.01147
0.01147
0.00081
0.00081
0.00081
o.oooei
0.00081
0.00081
15. 9J 0,00081
15.9
15.9
0.00081
0.00081
Road t»p« Rural Poliui^t CO
»»l tmed _15mDh
Deterioration Ijctor, dj
"i
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
Vitdfj)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Virld,)
TdTTT-
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Weighted Jnnull truel, rnj
mj
0.107
,0.159
0.120
0.112
0.095
0.086
0.062
0.052
0.037
0.028
0.018
0.016
0.108
Virlm,)
78 x 10"7
174 x 10*
36 x 10"
31 x 10"7
15 x 10"7
17 x 10"7
6 x 10"7
4 x 10~7
1 x 10~
0.5 x 10~
0.2 x 10
0.2 x 10
8 x 10
Var lm, )
lm))>
0.00069
0.00069
0.00025
0.00025
0.00017
0.00017
0.00017
0.00017
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
Spttd correction tictor, Jj'
'i
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
Vir(sj)
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
0.00112
VirUj)
(»i)'
OJ0449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
Emission IJclor, *;
«i
6.96
10.30
7.80
7.28
6.65
6.02
4.34
• 3.64
2.59
1.96
1.26
1.12
7.56
*j= c.djmjsj t • 67.50 Vji(i)
^ .,.'
0.01665
0.01665
0.01621
0.01621
0.00547
0.198 ! 0.00547
0.103
0.0725
0.0360
0.0206
0.00853
0.00674
0.307
0.00547
0.00547
0.00537
0.00537
0.00537
0.00537
0.00537
5.42
U)
Var«j)
— ,-
dj j
Vjr(*jl ,
Vl' 1C)
•t
5.42
2.33
-ir- 0,03452
1 Spt*' ttfrttllM fKtcrt H4M M Itr HfM-M; intHM utMctet.
-------
-4«tr |it«l)nf
Table F-4 CALCULATION OF PRECISION Of EXHAUST EMISSION FACTORS
l>pt Limited Acce»» p«ll«u«t CO
•r m •m — i
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12'
13
LxJ H»j»j-d»tnj4o!iot
Model
1973
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
older
(million rile, Cj
Cj
130
.... -,,_
130
130
130
140
140
140
140
140
140
140
140
140
Vine,)
194
194
194
194
15.9
15.9
15.9
15.9
15.9
15.9
Var(cj)
<€,) =
0.01147
0.01147
0.01147
0.01147
0.00081
0.00081
0.00081
0.00081
0.00081
0.00081
15.9 0.00081
15. 9[ 0.00081
15.9| 0.00081
*•(. tpttd JJL iiiph
Deterioration (actor, d)
„.
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
Virtd,)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
*%*
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Wt.jhud innmltri'tl.nij
m,
0.107
0.159
0.120
0.112
0.095
0.086
0.062
0.052
0.037
0.028
0.018
0.016
0.108
Varfm 1
78 X 10~7
174 x 10"7
36 X 10"7
31 x 10"7
15 x 10"7
17 x 10"7
6 x 10~7
4 x 10"7
1 x lo"7
0.5 x 10"7
0.2 x 10~
0.2 x 10
8 x 10~
Vatlm,)
(m,l?
0.00069
0.00069
0.00025
0.00025
0.00017
0.00017
0.00017
0.00017
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
Speed correction factor, l(*
,.
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
Vjr(Si)
0.000869
0.000869
0.000869
0.000869
0.000869
0.000869
0.000869
0.000869
0.000869
0.000869
0.000869
0.000869
0.000869
VirUj)
(»()'
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
0.00449
[minion (actor, (,
„
6.12
9.09
6.86
6.41
5.85
5.30
3.82
.3.20
2.28
1.72
1.11
0.986
6.65
«. C|il,m,»j « • 59.40 £_," 59.40
V,,
-------
Table F-5
CALCULATION OF PRECISION OF EXHAUST KHI88ION FACTORS
Vehicle tjp«: | ] licht-duty (asolint
[J Meaii-duty fisoline
•l.
2
3
4
5
_6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Model
>ear
_1973
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
1961 t
older
Emission rtte, cj
Cj
16
16
16
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
VJHC,|
1.21
1.21
1.21
1.21
0.272
0.272
0.272
0.272
0.272
0.272
0.2721
0.272
0.2721
Var(cj)
(CjM
0.00472
0.00472
0.00472
0.00472
0.00094
0.00094
: 0.00094
0.00094
0.00094
0.00094
0.00094
0.00094
0.00094
liojd t.pe Urban pnii,,tmi HC
A'l.speed 2
5mph
Deterioration (actor, d.
d)
1.00
1.00
1.00
VartoV
0.0
0.0
0.0
i.ool o.o
l.OOj 0.0
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.001 0.0
i.ool o.o
i.ooj o.o
i.oq o.o
Vir(dj)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Weighted annual travel, m,
m,
0.107
0.159
0.120
0.112
0.095
0.086
0.062
0.052
0.037
0.028
0.018
0.016
0.108
Varlm,)
78 X 10"?
174 x 10"7
36 x 10"7
31 x 10~7
IS x 10"7
17 x 10~7
6 x 10~?
4 x 10"7
1 x 10"7
0.5 x lo"7
0.2 x lo"7
0.2 x 10~7
8 x 10"7
Varlmjl
(ntj)>
0.00069
0.00069
0.00025
0.00025
0.00017
0.00017
0.00017
0.00017
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
Speed correction (actor, s, *
,.
0.87
0.87
0.87
0.87
0.87
0.87
0.87
0.87
0.87
0.87
0.87
0.87
0.87
Varlti)
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
0.00119
Var(Sj)
(Si)'
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
Emission (actor, e,
1.49
2.21
1,67
1.56
1.41
1.27
0.917
.0.769
0.547
0.414
0.266
0.237
1.600
«i=ejdjmji t .14.36 £ = 14.36
Varle,)
0.0155
0,0341
0.0182
0.0159
0.00533
0.00432
0.00225
0.00158
0.000772
0.000442
0.000182
0.000145
0.006600
EVarli)
• ;,,,
0.00698
0.00698
0.00654
0.006S4
0.00268
0.00268
0.00268
0.00268
0.00258
0.00258
0.00258
0.00258
0.00258
0.1053
I
Ul
*r.'
VirlCj) Varld.) Vjr
Varfen)
—
0.1053
0.3245
4~- 0.0226
nkkto.
-------
0%
T*bl« f-« CALCULATION OF PRECISION OT EXHAUST MISSION FACTORS
*
Venklt typt Q ti|M-dgl|t|«tolim Boid typt Suburban Nllvtmt HC
•it
2
3_
4
5
7
8
3_
_J.2
13
McJtl
1972
-...1.971..
1970
1969
1968
1966
1965
'964
1962
1961 V
older
(minion rjl« cj
16
16
16
17
17
17
1JL
J7
17
17
17
17
Vjtlc,)
1.2.1
1.21
1.21
1.21
0.272
0.272
0.272
0.272
VirU,)
0.00472
0.00472
0.00472
0.00472
0.00094
0.00094
0.00094
0.00094
1
0.27-
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
W«nhtid innuil trml, m.
m,
0.107
0.159
0.120
0.112
0.095
0.086
0.062
0.052
O.C37
0.028
0.018
0.016
0.108
Vjrlm,)
78 x 10"7
174 x 10~7
36 x 10"7
31 x 10~7
15 x 10~7
17 x 10~7
6 x 10"7
4 x 10~7
1 x 10~7
0.5 x 10"7
V*r liriit
(m,)'
0.00069
0.00069
0.00025
0.00025
0.00017
0.00017
0.00017
0.00017
0.00007
0.00007
0.2 x 10~7| 0.00007
- - - - ;7
0.2 x 10 1
8 x 10~7
0.00007
0.00007
Sptcd correction Ijclof, S[ '
0.68
0.68
0.68
0.68
0.68
0.68
0.68
0.68
0.68
0.68
0.68
0.68
0.68
Vjrls,)
0.000725
0.000725
0.000725
0.000725
0.000725
0.000725
0,000725
0.000725
0.000725
0.000725
0.000725
0.000725
0.000725
VirlSj)
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
[million Ijclor, t,
e.
1.16
1.73
1.31
1.22
1.10
0.994
0.717
JO. 601
0.428
0.324
,„„,
0.00939
0.0209
0.0112
0.00973
0.00324
c-« Yjrli)
'-• Hi'
0.00698
0.00698
0.00654
0.00654
0.00268
0.00265 0.00268
0.00138 | 0.00268
0.000968
0.000473
—
0.000271
0.00268
0.00258
0.00258
0.208 0.000112 0.00258
0.185 [0.0000883
1.250
0.00403
0.00258
0.00258
[" Vir Vartd,) Vjilm,)
in'Ztj, »*'(«B) • S V»r(«jl ,
* $»*•' eotrKliM facltrt *•«• M l»r Hi
) Vjrlijl
- 11
• 0.
. 0
23
0644
254
11.23 0.0644
0.0226
|*MHnt vthitltl.
-------
Vehicle Irpe^Q titdl-dotf usoline
Tkble F-7 CALCOLATIOM OF PRECISION OP BXHA03T EMISSION'FACTORS
"old «W«___gUjea]i fotlnUnt HC
•l«
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
13
Model
._1973_
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
1961 &
older
16
16
16
16
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
[mission rate, c,
Virtcj)
1.21
1.21
1.21
1.21
0.272
0.272
V*rUj>
0.00472
0.00472
0.00472
0.00472
0.00094
0.00094
0.272 0.00094
0.272 0.00094
0.272 0.00094
0.272! 0.00094
0.272! 0.00094
^UJ
0.272
0.00094
0.00094
Dettriontion Ijclor, t,
„.
1.00
1.00
1 1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
l.OC
Varldj)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Virld,)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0,0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Weighted jnnull trjvtl, m;
m,
0.159
0.120
0.112
0.095
0.086
0.062
0.052
0.037
0.028
0.018
0.016
0.108
Virlm,)
78 X 10~7
174 x 10"7
36 x 10"7
31 x 10"7
15 x lo"7
17 x lo"7
6 x 10"7
4 x 10~?
1 x 10"7
0.5 x 10~7
0.2 x 10"7
0.2 x lo"7
8 x lo"7
Virlmj)
0.00069
0.00069
0.00025
0.00025
0.00017
0.00017
0.00017
0.00017
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
0,00007
0.00007
Speed carted ion (actor, s, '
Sj
0.58
0.58
0.58
0.58
0.58
0.58
0.58
0.58
0.58
0.58
0.58
0,58
0.58
Vir(ij)
0.000528
0.000528
0.00052B
0.000528
0.000528
0.000528
0.000528
0.000528
0.000528
0.000528
0.000526
0.000528
0.000528
Virt»|)
(»j)'
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0,00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
0.00157
Emission f«lor, t,
(
0.993
1.48
1.11
1.04
0.937
0.848
0.611
JO. 513
0.365
0.277
0.177
0.158
1.060
«i t.o.m.s, t - 9.57 E* 9'57
Varlej)
0.00688
0.0153
0.00806
0.00707
o V«r(D
<-> (|)7
0.00698
0.00698
0.00654
0.00654
0.00235 1 0.00268
I
0.00193 0.00268
0.00100
0.00268
0.000705 1 0.00268
0,000344
0.000198
0,0000808
0.0000644
0.00290
0.00258
0.00258
0.00258
0.00258
0.00258
0.0469
"9
-J
[VJf(Ci> Virld,) Voilm,) V>r(sj)
^-.-^^-^IST^^lTrir
Vaitcl -
V*r(tj> , «en -
IMW n Itr H|dt- *»lj |»»UM nkkln.
0.0469
0.217
^-. 0.0227
-------
I
00
Table r-t CALCULATION OF PRECISION OF EXHAUST EMISSION FACTORS
V;Sclt l»pf Q li(M-*ul»caiolii
Hold Itn Limited Access Pall«u«t
HC
Q H*jtj-dut» cisotini A«I. intod 55 mah ^ _ — _, __, — ^^.._L_. — .=3=.— i a..-.-
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Mod«l
1973
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
_1967
1966
1965
1964
_1963
1962
"1961 *
older
(mission rjt», t;
t, ! Vjrlc,)
16
16
16
17
17
J.7
17
17
17
17
-Al
17
1 ?1
1.21
I. 21
1.21
0.272
0.272
0^272
0.27;
Virlc,)
'Ci>:
0.00472
0.00472
0.00472
0.00472
0.00094
0.00094
r "
0.00094
0.00094
0.00094
0.272 0.00094
1- ;•-
0.272 0.00094
0.272J 0.00094
0.272 0.00094
* i - e . a . n. . \ .
Ofttriocition l»ctor, d,
(» • 0.0348
- O.U7
,
-y • 0.0227
* Spud cotr«clio« Ixlort HIM ti tar lifkl- Mr |IMHM vtkkltt.
-------
Table .F-9 CALCULATION OF PRECISION Of EXHAUST EMISSION FACTORS
Vehicle t>pt:[_J lighl-dut> cjsoline
Road type_
Urban
Poilnlint
NO
IxJ Heavy-duty gasoline ' Hvg.j|te*d 25 moh
« e
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Moitfl
teat
.1973
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
"1961 i.
older
Imisiion rate, c;
c.
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
Va.(c,)
0.510
0.510
0.510
0.510
0.110
0.110
0.10
0.110
0.110
0.110
0.110
0.110
0.110
V,rt,tj)
<'i)7
0.00602
0.00602
0.00602
0.00602
0.00125
0.00125
0.00125
0_.00125
0.00125
0.00125
0.00125
0.00125
0.00125
Deterioration (actor, d,
<•
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
l._00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
Vjr(
'-• («)•
0.00974
0.0231 ! 0.00974
0.0125 jj). 00930
0.0108 J 0.00930
0.00392
0.00445
0.00321 • 0.00445
0.00167
0.00117
'0.000580
0.000331
0.00445
0.00445
0.00435
0.00435
0.178 0. 000138i 0.00435
0.158 ! 0.000109J 0.00435
1.070 0.000498J 0.00435
V.ir(d,)
Vjr(jj)
(0
en= Ze;, Var (eB) - 1 Var(ej) .
* Spterf carrectitii ftctcrt »nx n f»r li;
[v« (.„)]"'
If gMalim nkicltl.
9.77
0.0728
0.270
9.77
0.0728
, ~ . 0.0276
kTlM *»«f»|« fftd»t»« *f 1C«*< Ci iptti Mfr*tllM latter» ••• *M*.
-------
Tabl* P-10 CALCULATION OP PRECISION OF EXHAUST EMISSION FACTORS
Vehicl* type Q
»•»<» i»pt
Suburban
NO_
|xj Mem- dvty c.jsolint ' |«( tptid 35 mph
,,
2
-JL_
4
6
7
10
11
12
13
Model
»ear
1973
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
.1965
1964
19*3
1962
1961 4
older
[mission rile, c,
t.
9.2
__
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
Vjr(c,)
0.510
0.510
0.510
0.110
0.110
0.10
0.110
0.110
0.110
0.110
0.110
0.110
W
0.00602
0.00602
0.00602
0.00125
0.00)25
0.00125
0.00125
0.00125
0.00125
0.00125
0.00125
0.00125
Deterioration (actor, dj
«i
.L.oo
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
V,»
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
o.o
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.00(0.0
1.00
0.0
V»(J,)
Td,):
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Wtifhttd innuJt trjtel, mj
m,
0.107
0.159
0.120
0.112
0.095
0.086
0.062
0.052
0.037
0.028
0.018
0.016
0.108
" Vjr(m,}
78 x 10"7
174 x 10"7
36 x 10"7
31 x 10"?
15 x 10"7
17 x 10"
_6 x 10"7
4 x 10~
1 x 10*
0.5 x 10"?
0.2 x 10"7
0.2 x 10~
8 x 10"7
V«(mj)
(m,).'
0.00069
0.00069
0.00025
0.00025
0.00017
0.00017
0.00017
0.00017
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
Speed correction fictor, ij*
,.
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
V.r(»i)
.
V»r(sj)
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
Emission Ijclor,
(j
1.17
1.74
1.31
1.23
1.06
0.962
0.694
.0.562
0.414
0.313
0.201
Vjr(f,)
0.0133
0.0295
0.0160
0.0141
0.00500
0.00412
0.00214
0.00151
t,
Vird)
0.00974
0.00974
0.00930
0.00930
0.00445
0.00445
0.00445
0.00445
0. 000746^ 0.00435
0.000426 0.00435
0.000176 0.00435
0.179 { 0.00013S
0.00435
1 T
1.210 0.000637 0.00435
f, -- c, il, mj s,
V*r(cj) Vattil,) VJI(BI,) ¥11(1;)]
T(Tr - -$y + W + -piyr I
V»(e)
11.07
0.0935
0.306
11.070 0.0935
, -V - 0-0276
Speed cotrKlioi iKtort UM n tar M|M-<»t| fittliM wkicltl.
' Tbt ntr*|t prKtaiM •!«••<€• i^tH ctrrttllw IMtMt MS a*rt.
-------
Table 7-
CALCULATION OF PRECISION OF EXHAUST EMISSION FACTORS
Vehicle t»pe:Q lilM-diitj gasoline
Hold l,p« Rural Polluljnl N°X
j_ [x] He«y-ilu»y gjiotinj Avg.ipetd 45 jnph
•t'
1
2
_. .3_..
4__
5
6
7
8
9
_10_
11
_i2
13
Model
year
1973
,_1?72_
1971
1970
1969
1968 _
1967
1966
1965
J.964
1963
1962
~1961" 4"
older
(mission rate, Cj
«i
Vjr(c,)
9.2lo.510
?il
.9.2.
9.2
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.4
0.510
0.510
0.510
_0_.j.lO
0.110
0.10
0.110
0.110
0.110
0.110
0.110
0.110
VJr(r/>
Ui)'
0.00602
0.00602
0.00602
0.00602
0.00125
0.00125
0.00125
0.00125
0.00125
0.00125
0.00125
0.00125
0.00125
Deterioration (actor, d,
d,
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
- 1,:°°
1.00
1.00
Vat(d,)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
VifW.)
T3^~
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
•
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
WticMtd innuit tnvcl, m.
mj
0.107
0.159
O.JL2_0
0.112
0.095
0.08«j
0.062
0.052
0.037
0.026
0.018
0.016
0.108
* Vai(m,)
~7
78 x 10
174 x 10"7
36 x 10"?
31 x 10~7
15 x 10"7
17 x 10~7
6 x 10~7
4 x 10"?
1 x 10"7
0.5 X_10"7
0.2 x 10*
0.2 x 10"7
8 x 10*
Vjr(m,)
(m,);
0.00069
0.00069
0.00025
0.00025
0.00017
0.00017
0.00017
0.00017
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
0.00007
Sprtd correction factor, sj*
Ji
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
V>,(Si)
Vjr(si)
(s()}
0.003031
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
0.00303
Emission Ijclor, f,
«i
1.29
1.92
1.45
1.35
1.17 '
1.06 j
0.763
0.640
0.456
0.345
0.222
Vjr(.,)
pVirf.)
L (,)r '
0.0162 0.00974
0,0359 0.00974
0.0196
0.00930
0.0169 i 0.00930
0.00609
0.00500
0.00259
0.00182
0.000905
0.000518
0.000214
._ _. .-
0.197 (0.000169
1.330
*>=ci«'inliSi t - 12.19 £= 12.190
0.00769
0.00445
0.00445
0.00445
0.00445
0.00435
0.00435
0.00435
0.00435
0.00435
0.1136
•fl
I
Va,(cj) V»i(ilj) V.»K) Va,{s,)
-¥,H-^ w- +w +TST
e» ' Z e, , Var (en) - I Var(e,) , "e,, • [Vai (.„)]"?
* Sp«t4 cwrKtiM betwrt (*IM M Hr NfM-My |*MliM wkicUt.
V»i(e) . 0.1136 , ~ - 0.0276
|