MARINE AND ESTUARINE
ANALYTICAL METHODS WORKSHOP
EPA Regions H and
with support from the
Office of Marine and Estuarine Protection
May 2-3,1990
Annapolis, MD
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MARINE AND ESTUARINE
ANALYTICAL METHODS WORKSHOP
EPA Regions H and ffl
with support from the
Office of Marine and Estuarine Protection
May 2-3,1990
Annapolis, MD
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INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
Environmental Protection Agency personnel on a regional and
national basis are involved with coastal, estuarine and marine
monitoring programs. As many as 95 estuarine projects will
potentially be included in the 17 National Estuary Programs (NEP).
Each program must characterize its estuary and work to improve
conditions demonstrating environmental results through management
actions. Environmental monitoring is usually required.
Several Regions with extensive experience in estuarine and
marine monitoring were seriously concerned about the lack of
validated analytical methods for marine samples. In 1988, Regions
II and III wrote a joint position paper to urge the development and
validation of estuarine and marine methods. The Agency's approved
water-based methods are appropriate for freshwater samples, but
require modification for application to a saline-based matrix.
These modifications are not consistent between laboratories and
they are not validated. Regions II and III urged the establishment
of a nationally coordinated effort to provide validated methods for
estuarine and marine samples.
To test the assumptions of the two Regions and better identify
the estuarine and marine community in the Agency and the States,
questionnaires and a call for methods were distributed to the
Regions through the Regional Quality Assurance Officers and the
National Estuary Program managers. Responses were collated and it
was determined that there was a general concern for analytical
methods and quality assurance in the marine and estuarine
environment.
A mechanism was sought to bring together those charged with
designing and implementing monitoring programs in this problematic
matrix. Further, if the needs of the estuarine community were to
be met in the short time frame involved before methods needs would
be crucial and in these times of tight resources, the estuarine
and marine monitoring communities would have to be intimately
involved. It was felt that much of the work identifying and
evaluating existing methods and quality assurance materials as well
as specifying the needs for development of new or modified methods
and materials was best done by the community responsible for
implementing these monitoring efforts.
To this end, Regions II and III with support from the Office
of Marine and Estuarine Protection held a workshop in Annapolis,
Maryland as the initial national meeting of the National estuarine
and marine monitoring community. The nearly 60 participants
included representatives of the EPA Estuarine Programs and their
Quality Assurance Officers, the Office of Marine and Estuarine
Protection, the Office of Research and Development, the States as
partners in many of the estuarine monitoring efforts, university
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personnel who serve as principal investigators on monitoring many
estuarine programs as well as members of the consulting community.
The workshop focused on estuarine and marine method needs
identified by individuals involved in the sampling and analysis of
saline matrices: water, sediment, and biologicals.
The meeting served to confirm the assumptions of Regions II
and III that the community recognizes a critical need in the area
of analytical methods and quality control materials in this
problematic matrix. Four Workgroups were formed to include:
Nutrients, Demand and Chlorophyll; Metals; Organics; and Biologic.
Each Workgroup is charged with the collection, assembly, review and
evaluation of existing analytical methods and standard reference
materials in saline water, sediments and biologic. A heavy
reliance upon round robins among the participating communities is
anticipated. When methods or standard reference materials needs
are identified, the Workgroups will make recommendations to the
Agency for support from the Office of Research and Development.
The following is a brief proceedings of this meeting. Your
advice and participation are encouraged throughout this continuing
effort.
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TABI.B py CONTENTS
Page
Introduction and Summary i
Table of Contents iii
Meeting Focus and Welcome 1
EMAP Overview 2
Quality Control Samples 5
Low Level Nutrient PE Samples 6
COASTNET and the Compendium 8
Marine Methods Inventory 9
Puget Sound 11
Buzzards Bay 13
Narragansett Bay 16
Long Island Sound 17
Massachusetts Bay 19
Region IX Estuary and Marine Monitoring Programs 20
Harbor Estuary Program 22
Delaware Estuary 24
Chesapeake Bay 25
Virginia Institute of Marine Science 26
Greetings from OMEP 27
Sense of the Meeting and Formation of Workgroups 28
List of Attendees 33
Attachments
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MEETING FOCUS AND WELCOME
Charles Spooner
Bettina Fletcher
Chesapeake Bay Program
Charles Spooner welcomed the attendees to the CBP offices and
offered copies of the latest Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP) documents
for review:
Chesapeake Executive Council. The Second Progress Report
under the 1987 Chesapeake Bay Agreement. December 1989.
The State of the Chesapeake Bay. Third Biennial Monitoring
Report - 1989.
Cleaning Up of the Chesapeake Bay. The Federal Role.
September 1989.
Recognizing that there is a great deal that each program can gain
from the experience of the other, he encouraged meeting
participants to draw from the Chesapeake experiences in the areas
of analytical methods for saline waters and sediments for nutrient
and demand parameters. To the same end, the Chesapeake Bay Program
is eager to learn from the experiences of the other estuarine and
marine monitoring efforts in the areas of toxics.
Bettina Fletcher echoed Charles Spooner's welcome to Region
III and the Chesapeake Bay Program. She reflected on the
considerable interest evidenced by the estuarine and marine
community through their strong attendance at this first Workshop.
She indicated that the basic purposes of this meeting were to get
to know where the expertise lies, to share our problems and define
solutions, and to obtain recommendations from others who have
experienced similar problems. This is meant to be the beginning
of a network of technical program operatives so that each project
does not have to reinvent the proverbial wheel when it comes to the
development of monitoring and quality assurance protocols for this
problematic matrix. The final results of this meeting should be
action items including the formation of workgroups to further
identify our needs and provide guidance in selection of analytical
methods and standard reference materials to those charged with
implementation of monitoring in the estuarine and marine
environments.
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EMAP OVERVIEW
Tom DeMoss
CECEP
John Paul
ORO Narragansett
ORD developed the Ecological Monitoring and Assessment Program
(EMAP) in 1987-88 under Administrator Lee Thomas/ and then Bill
Reilly. It took over two years to get the mandate for the program
and the budget. The first EMAP project area will be Near Coastal
Water and the first project under the Near Coastal Water Initiative
will be the Virginian province. The budget is $4.5-6 M in FY 91-
92 for the Virginian province demonstration project.
EMAP is anxious to work with the Regions and States and wants
to institutionalize EMAP over the long-term. Since there are at
least 7 National Estuary Programs and the NY Bight study in the
Virginian province, EMAP will attempt to integrate EMAP with
existing monitoring work thereby extending the temporal, spatial
and/or parametric coverage of each. The extremely broad spatial
scale and long term monitoring design of the EMAP program will
serve as an interesting contrast to the traditional monitoring
schemes. Existing monitoring programs can serve as ground truth
and verification schemes for the assumptions of the EMAP design.
Conversely, it is anticipated that, for instance, the EMAP sampling
grid design might be adopted by monitoring efforts in the
estuaries. It is logical and likely that both the estuarine and
marine programs and EMAP will be mutually beneficial. One of the
likely areas of common needs may well be in the areas of tested
analytical methods and standard reference materials.
The Center for Excellence for Coastal and Estuarine Programs
(CECEP) wants to develop an inter-estuary information and expertise
program to address the concerns of each estuary program such as
regional testing of indicators, cross-training, and information
sharing.
The Agency has in existence 20 significant coastal initiatives
with common goals and problems and a lot of the same strategies.
The Center will not evaluate, but will make information available
to others to use or adapt. The expertise will include policy and
information that can be exchanged and networked among coastal
managers, with a one-on-one communication of ideas and information.
EMAP will be studying several ecosystems. These include
Agroecosystems, Forests, Inland Waters, Drylands/Range Lands,
Wetlands, and the Near Coastal. The status and trends of these
ecosystems will be monitored on a broad scale, both regional and
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national over the long-term. This is a cooperative multi-agency
Federal Program with EPA in the lead and NOAA, USGS, FWS, US DA,
NSF, DOE, and NASA.
EMAP is involved with several National Estuary Programs to
test and evaluate indicators, identify and resolve logistical
problems, standardize sampling methods (e.g., are perceived
differences actually in the environment or resulting from sampling
technique?), evaluate alternative sampling designs, refine study
design (e.g., establish DQOs), and develop analytical procedures.
An index period for the Virginian province is scheduled for
the 1990 summer period (July - September) due to insufficient
resources for a year round study. Biogeographical provinces are
based on offshore currents and meteorology. Within the provinces,
the water bodies are classified based on physical dimensions,
surface area and aspect ratio:
Large estuaries (>260 km2, L/W <20);
Large tidal rivers (>260 km2, L/W >20); and
Small estuaries and rivers (<260 km2, >2.6 km2).
For this study 220 sampling sites are planned. These include base
sampling sites (some random, some specific), index sites, long-term
DO monitoring sites, indicator testing and evaluation sites, and
supplemental sites.
The major subpopulations will be based upon salinity zones,
geographic zones, and pollution vulnerability zones. The four
types of indicators to be studied are stressor (nutrient loadings,
atmospheric deposition, land use, discharge), exposure, response,
and habitat (water depth, salinity, sediment, dredging). The
impacts to be evaluated are eutrophication, contamination, habitat
modification, and cumulative effects.
A possible constraint to any study is that the available
technology is not always applicable to multiple habitat types.
EMAP indicator strategy is presently divided into three groupings:
Core (sensitivity and reliability known - relatively stable
over impact period);
Developmental (sensitivity and reliability not known but
likely to be acceptable - stability over time needs to
be demonstrated); and
Research (not known - methods need to be developed).
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Quality assurance will be considered throughout the planning
process. EMAP desires data of known quality, with a balance
between cost and acceptable uncertainty. The QA program was
developed jointly with NOAA and the draft program plan is being
updated after review. Overall QA activities include: internal and
external checks; test samples/duplicates/blanks; reference
materials; field and lab audits; complete documentation; and as
much computerization as much as possible (e.g., bar codes for
sample labels).
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QUALITY CONTROL SAMPLES
Carolyn Keefe
Chesapeake Biological Lab
In 1989, CBL conducted a study in which WP 284 series EPA
quality control samples were diluted to concentrations normally
found in estuarine systems, using three different matrices
(deionized water, Chesapeake Bay water at 11 ppt salinity, and
Block Island Sound water at 30 ppt salinity). After initial
analysis (using a Technicon AutoAnalyzer and TrAAcs-800),
subsamples were frozen and then analyzed over a two month period
to determine any possible storage effects on nutrient
concentrations as a function of time. The data are graphically
depicted on several tables included as Attachment A to this
document.
Results indicated excellent percent recoveries (92-105%) in
all matrices of these additions for phosphate, total dissolved
phosphorus, nitrate and total dissolved nitrogen. Some loss of
total dissolved M and P after 30 days indicated that samples should
be analyzed within that time period.
For all nutrients, ambient levels varied. Known spikes were
added and samples analyzed. For ammonium, background levels
deteriorated over time. Salinity corrections (interpolated between
standards at different salinities) gave good spike recoveries.
Knowing the appropriate dilution factor for samples is the key to
the use of WP 284 standards. Refractive index correction for
phosphate analyses was performed. Samples were filtered with glass
fiber filters (GF/Fs) in the field, the spike was added, and then
the samples were frozen (in 3 hr.). Individual samples were frozen
until analysis in glass test tubes or AutoAnalyzer cups.
Ammonium results indicated a 10-15% decline in concentration
after only two weeks. Therefore, samples for ammonium analysis
should be analyzed as soon upon receipt as possible. A matrix
problem was also identified for ammonium values at 30 ppt salinity.
This 20% error was particularly evident at higher concentrations
(>0.1 mg N/L) and it is recommended that for coastal or open ocean
samples, standard curves be prepared in low nutrient filtered
seawater (i.e., Sargasso Sea water). It is also recommended that
for sample sets with a wide salinity range (i.e., estuarine
systems), standards be prepared with good quality deionized water
and that the higher salinity samples be corrected for matrix
effects.
This adaptation of the traditional EPA quality control samples
developed for Agency wastewater programs to a saline matrix
attempts to make available to the monitoring community an immediate
source of nutrient reference materials. Further study in this and
a whole water approach to standard reference materials for low
level nutrients in estuarine and marine waters are indicated.
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LOW LEVEL NUTRIENT PE SAMPLES
Larry Lobring
EMSL/Cincinnati
(Note: Organizational information about EMSL/Cincinnati and the
Water Research Committee is contained in Attachment B to this
document.
The goal of the Marine Methods and Quality Assurance Project
(B101 B 27) is to evaluate and validate standardized chemical
methods for the analysis of contaminants in marine, estuarine and
other saltwater matrices. The near-coastal areas are economically
some of our richest and most sensitive ecosystems. Standardized
methods are needed for the NEP, EMAP, and other programs. EPA does
not have standardized methods and QA materials for monitoring and
regulating chemical pollutants in the marine environment.
Studies will be conducted to determine whether existing (fresh
water) QA materials are applicable to marine and estuarine waters.
Analyte groups will include nutrients, metals, trace elements, and
organics. We recommend the use of "whole water" samples, rather
than concentrates. We would like guidance on which method area is
most critical.
Available methods will be reviewed for applicability in marine
environments and revised as necessary. Methods which are not
applicable will be modified or new methods using state-of-the-art
techniques will be developed.
Applicable methods will be validated with existing,
appropriate QA materials. Method/analyte combinations, sample
types and number of samples, and analyte concentrations will be
selected by personnel experienced in marine studies.
The purpose of the Great Lakes project is to define the
statistics for the measurement of a QC sample to support low-level
phosphorus studies in the Great Lakes by calculating the mean and
standard deviation of the data submitted to determine 95%
confidence limits. These limits would be made available to the
user with the QC sample.
In the first phase, LLP-1, 215 participating labs were
instructed to dilute the sample (resulting in a phosphorus
concentration of 3 ug/L). The analytical results obtained showed
a measured concentration below the method detection limit (MDL).
In the second phase, LLP-2, 109 of the labs from LLP-1
analyzed samples at a concentration of 15 ug/L. Several methods
of analysis (365 series and ASTM) were used. The average measured
concentrations (detects only) were 18.0 to 29 with a standard
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deviation of 7.6 to 32.6 for different methods; therefore, the 95%
confidence interval includes zero!
A description of the Method Validation Study Design is
included in Attachment B.
In saline matrices, metals can be determined by direct AA
analysis, using delayed atomization devices (i.e., platforms) with
matrix modifiers. A dionex metal concentrator may eliminate matrix
interferences in ICP/MS. We want to eliminate chloride
interferences so that HCl digestion can be used.
EMSL is interested in methods for the analysis of tributyltin
(TBT) in marine waters - if you have any to recommend, please send
them to Larry at EMSL/Cinn.
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COASTNET AND THE COMPENDIUM
Joe Hall
Office of Marine and Estuarine Protection
The Analytical Methods Compendium is a framework for
presenting methods so that they can be used as presented. Before
it was developed, there were few standard protocols, few reference
materials, few system-wide studies, and much incompatible data.
At issue were the parameters included in a previous work group, the
availability of reference materials, and which reference materials
are needed. An outline of the Compendium structure and levels is
contained in Attachment C. The analytical methods are formatted
so that each is stand-alone.
In 1985, the Technical Support Division developed an in-house
electronic bulletin board system called "Estuary Program Central
Info Exchange." It provided an effective method for transferring
information between HQ and the Regions. It has served as a conduit
for reports, data, phone numbers, policy updates and distribution
of draft reports for comments and useful microcomputer programs and
databases. COASTNET is an upgrade to that system which allows
concurrent access of two persons to the NEP bulletin board.
COASTNET provides HQ and the Regions with state-of-the-art
"instantaneous" communication and an alternative to "telephone
tag." Users are able to communicate, download and upload
information in files, post questions and E-mail. The bulletin
section includes: about COASTNET, estuary programs, near coastal
waters, activities calendar, legislative update, weekly reports,
workgroups, documents available, and directory. There is a
mechanism for teleconferencing with two or more individuals on-
line. A user registry similar to a telephone book gives personal
user information (duties and expertise) and IDs. There are
currently about 200 people from ocean dumping and estuarine
programs, as well as contractors registered. A prospective user
needs an ID and password, which can be made available within 24 hr.
A draft COASTNET users guide is included in Attachment C.
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MARINE METHODS INVENTORY
Jerry McKenna
Regional Quality Assurance Officer
Region II
In order to focus on the marine analytical areas that actually
present the greatest problems for current and anticipated
monitoring, we surveyed current EPA-funded researchers. First, we
sent a preliminary questionnaire to EPA program managers and
project officers asking for identification of local estuary and
marine studies and accompanying names of the principal
investigators. A second, more detailed questionnaire was then sent
to principal investigators asking several questions relating to
their study: study objectives, main data uses, problems with data
quality, and whether they felt that the levels measured were low
enough to be useful. The returned questionnaires were studied for
common complaints and finally sent to the EPA Regional Quality
Assurance Officers for their concurrence, review, and additions.
Project officers and principal investigators did disagree, but
some commonality was seen. The information was gathered and
categorized, e.g., low level semivolatiles and nutrients,
speciation of copper, mercury and chromium complexes, pesticides
and tributyltin. One question was raised concerning the interim
methods for priority pollutants in sediments and fish: is there
a need for data when no method exists?
The information we received showed us that an approach is
needed for method validation and comparison of marine and estuarine
analytical methods. Standard reference materials are needed for
low level nutrients (Standard Reference Materials, Quality Control
samples, Performance Evaluation samples). Special studies are
needed for the evaluation of, e.g., fluorometric vs.
spectrophotometric methods for the determination of chlorophyll and
separation techniques for dissolved and particulate fractions.
We need to develop low level marine analytical methods for
semivolatiles, nutrients, certain metals (analysis and speciation),
pesticides in water and tributyltin in sediments. We need
validation of methods for analysis of priority pollutants in
sediments and fish. We need reference materials for low level
nutrients. We need to have "round robin" studies to test these
methods.
As a result of the Marine Methods Inventory and discussions
between Regions II and III, seven recommendations were developed
for future funding for Regional Analytical Methods Initiatives
through the Office of Research and Development:
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1. Validation of Low Level Nutrient Methods;
2. Validation of EPA 600/4-81-055 "Interim Methods for
Priority Pollutants in Sediments and Fish Tissue;"
3. Develop Low Level Nutrient Standard Reference Materials;
4. Develop and Validate Methods for Lower Level
Semivolatiles with Emphasis on PAHs;
5. Separation of Particulate and Soluble Phases;
6. Comparison Study of Chlorophyll Spectrophotometric and
Fluorometric Methods and Evaluation of Several Steps; and
7. Development of Preservation and Holding Time
Recommendations.
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PUGET SOUND
John Armstrong
EPA Region 10
The Puget Sound management program, called the Puget Sound
Estuary Program, has been co-managed by three agencies: the Puget
Sound Water Quality Authority (soon to be housed within the
Washington State Department of Ecology), the Department of Ecology,
and the Environmental Protection Agency.
Some of the issues and problems facing Puget Sound's managers
include:
toxics in sediment and seafood;
pathogens causing shellfish bed closures;
loss of wetland and riparian habitat;
depleted natural resources;
nutrient associated problems in some enclosed embayments;
dramatic growth in the human population surrounding Puget
Sound;
phytoplankton-related fish kills; and
paralytic shellfish poisoning closures of shellfishing
areas.
A major effort, and we believe success, in the Puget Sound
Estuary Program has been the development of the Recommended
Protocols and Guidelines for Measuring Selected Environmental
Variables in Puaet Sound. The state-funded Puget Sound Ambient
Monitoring Program, as well as most other data gathering efforts
in Puget Sound, including monitoring for NPDES permitted
discharges, use these Puget Sound Protocols and Guidelines.
Attachment D contains pages which list the topics and chapters
included in the Puget Sound Protocols and Guidelines and describe
the elements included in the Puget Sound Ambient Monitoring
Program.
If the protocols and guidelines are not used in a Puget Sound
data gathering effort, the resulting analytical data are considered
"qualified". Most federal, state, and local agencies are following
the protocols and guidelines and program management believes that
the data being collected from Puget Sound are of higher quality and
are more comparable between studies than ever before. We believe
others outside the Puget Sound area should use our process
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(described in the papers mentioned below) and the protocols and
guidelines manual as a starting point to develop similar guidance
for other areas.
Copies of the protocols and guidelines, and a brief paper
describing the development and acceptance of these protocols, can
be obtained from:
John Armstrong
EPA Region 10 WD-139
1200 Sixth Avenue
Seattle, WA 98101
The State-funded Puget Sound Monitoring Program for status and
trends has begun. The Puget Sound Water Quality Authority is
asking the state legislature for full funding. The second year
started in March of 1990. The first annual report will be released
in May of this year.
A manual will be available this summer (1990) to help non-
chemists request and review chemical analyses. It will include
sample contracts, what should be requested from the lab, and how
to request and review it.
Nutrients are not high on our list of priorities, although
they are included in the protocols. We also don't measure organics
in water very much, although permittees could use the information.
Papers available include: protocols process, protocols and
guidelines manual, monitoring program, annual report of the
monitoring program, report comparing a regional monitoring program
with the NOAA National Status and Trends Program, and the guidance
manual on requesting and analyzing lab data.
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BUZZARDS BAY
Joe Costa
State Buzzards Bay Project Manager
The Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan (CCMP) for
the Buzzards Bay Project (BBP) was just completed. Buzzards Bay
has a 210 square mile area, with a 450 square mile drainage basin.
It is shallow with a mean depth of 30-35 feet, with more than 95%
of the bay above 25 ppt salinity. The three priority problems are:
1) pathogen and coliform contamination; 2) excessive anthropogenic
nutrient inputs; and 3) contamination of fish, shellfish, and
sediments with toxic materials, particularly PCB contamination in
New Bedford Harbor. In Buzzards Bay, there are several significant
point sources of pollution including a PCB Superfund cleanup site
in New Bedford and five sewage treatment plants which service 40%
of the population in the drainage basin. Although water quality
is being degraded by these point sources, in most of Buzzards Bay
non-point sources, particularly nutrient and coliform inputs, are
the principal cause of water quality decline. The greatest impacts
from these sources are observed nearshore (especially less than 1/2
mile), particularly in shallow, poorly flushed embayments. The
exception to this rule is PCB contamination of seafood which
represents a bay-wide concern.
The BBP has evaluated results from past monitoring efforts and
is now developing a monitoring plan to assess the effectiveness of
management actions taken through the CCMP and to identify new
trends in water quality and living resources. In assessing past
monitoring efforts, a number of problems were encountered,
including difficulty in comparing data from past studies,
difficulty in interpreting data because of sampling strategies that
were poorly thought out or designed, inadequate or inappropriate
field sampling and preservation techniques, poor training of field
and laboratory personnel, poor QA/QC (e.g., no field blanks,
duplicates, etc.), slow turnaround time of laboratory analysis, and
inadequate intercalibration between labs. SAIC Woods Hole is
working with the BBP to develop a monitoring program to fit within
the existing framework and to overcome these problems. In the
monitoring plan, we will identify the specific questions and
objectives we are trying to assess with a monitoring program (for
example, are PCBs contaminating seafood?). We will also identify
appropriate analytical methods and sampling design to answer these
questions. Problems we are facing in developing the plan include:
EPA methods and Standard Methods are inadequate. They
were developed for freshwater or monitoring effluent
discharge. Unfortunately, state labs and contractors use
these methods for their monitoring efforts. This needs
to be changed.
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There is no money in EPA's National Estuary Program (NEP)
for implementation, and funding in Massachusetts is now
limited; hence, monitoring must be limited to essential
issues due to lack of funding.
Buzzards Bay will not develop new protocols, but rather
reference existing appropriate methods, particularly
methods used by academia who are on the cutting edge of
the analytical technique. EPA must also identify new
methods for salt water. We also need QC for non-EPA
approved methods.
Other federal efforts will be inadequate for monitoring
Buzzards Bay. For example, EMAP only plans to have one monitoring
station in Buzzards Bay. This is inadequate for monitoring
embayment problems. We must rely instead on cooperative efforts
by State agencies in Massachusetts that have ongoing monitoring
programs because of limited financial resources to dedicate to new
monitoring programs. We hope the NEP will direct implementation
funds to our effort, particularly because the State is in poor
financial shape.
The monitoring plan will not be a handbook with recipes of
methods. Instead, a sampling strategy and preferred methods (and
sources of the methods) will be identified. We need a guidebook
for certain monitoring situations (if this is the problem, then
this is the monitoring strategy and go to this other document for
technical details). It is clear that the problems faced in
Buzzards Bay are not unique and it is unfortunate that everyone is
going through the same process.
There must be an expanded national effort to address these
problems, specifically:
EPA methods must be expanded to include a seawater
matrix;
Field sampling methods must be documented; and
A general guidance document must be developed, specifying
monitoring options and analytical methods appropriate for
answering a particular management question. This
guidance document should include flow charts, etc.
In Buzzards Bay, we expect that most future monitoring will
be conducted through state agencies. We will try to get agreement
by these agencies on the appropriate methods to use. We don't
control monitoring by researchers, but we should work toward
incorporating research work into the assessment of Buzzards Bay,
and into the management decision process. The monitoring methods
used for discharges of a particular pollutant will be different
than the methods used for monitoring the pollutant in receiving
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waters. Analytical methods should be appropriate to the sample
matrix. For example, TKN is fine for monitoring nitrogen from
CSOs, but not for monitoring nitrogen loads in sea water. Guidance
should include alternative analyses (non-EPA methods).
Data Quality Objectives (DQOs) should be determined upfront.
What and why are you sampling? DQOs will determine what analytical
methods can be used.
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NARRAGANSETT BAY
Charles Porfert
Region I QA Office
The major concerns for the Narragansett Bay study are the
management of fisheries, toxics, human health risks, and
recreational use of the estuary. Toxic chemicals such as PCBs,
pesticides, FAHs, and petroleum hydrocarbons are being studied in
the bay. One problem we see is in data comparability. When two
different analytical methods have been used, the data may vary
widely.
We need definitions for such common concepts as particulate
matter and filter pore size. We need sampling procedures to
minimize contamination from the sampling device, e.g., a plastic
sediment core device should not be used to collect samples for
organic analysis. We suggest the compilation of a list of
available devices, since a QA plan may mention Brand X without
providing manufacturer's specifications.
In addition, we need validated, documented analytical methods.
We would like to see method comparison documentation. All
analytical results for a single parameter should be charted, for
all methods and for all matrices. We need appropriate reference
materials.
Some problems that we see when reviewing QA project plans are
incomplete plans, proprietary methods, and inadequately defined
methods (the use of non-EPA methods with which the reviewers are
not familiar and references which are not provided with the
document). Other problems are missing documentation of the
subcontractor's QA program, inconsistencies within the document,
and the fact that the Regional QA office generally only reviews the
plan and does not look at the final data. We would like to have
more involvement in auditing and data review.
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LONG ISLAND SOUND
Christine Olsen
Connecticut DEP
(presenting Barbara Finazzo's information - EPA Region II)
(outline of presentation in Attachment E)
The agencies involved in the Long Island Sound Study (LISS)
are EPA Regions I and II, ORD, NYSDEC, CTDEP, NOAA (NMFS), COE (New
England district), and the Interstate Sanitation Commission. The
objective of the LISS program is to develop a management plan that
will provide for systematic, technically-sound, region-wide
protection of the water quality and marine resources of the Sound.
Priority issues being studied are low dissolved oxygen
concentrations (hypoxia), toxic contamination, fish and shellfish
health, pathogens, and floatable debris.
Nutrient analysis is very critical in the study of hypoxia.
The two models being developed, the water quality and the
hydrodynamic models, will be run together to evaluate management
strategies. LIS has tidal effects at both ends of the Sound and
the East River is a tidal strait, complicating the hydrodynamics.
Possible recommendations may be to upgrade sewage treatment plants
to reduce nitrogen inputs.
Data collection activities during FY 88 and 89 Water Quality
Monitoring Programs have revolved around the calibration and
verification of the Water Quality model and filling gaps in the
historical data record. The parameters being analyzed for water
quality assessment are BOD5, BOD30, particulate organic carbon,
dissolved organic carbon, total phosphorus, particulate organic
phosphorus, dissolved organic phosphorus, dissolved inorganic
phosphorus, particulate organic nitrogen, dissolved organic
nitrogen, ammonia, nitrate/nitrite, total silica, dissolved silica,
hydrogen sulfide, chlorophyll-a, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH,
and light penetration. Sediment parameters being evaluated are
sediment oxygen demand, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, nitrate,
phosphate, and silica.
We feel that direct measurement of variables is needed. The
measurement of the dissolved and particulate fractions should be
independent, not an estimation by subtraction of one fraction from
the total determination. In addition, the size of the filters
defines the particulate fraction.
LISS has focussed on the nitrogen series. Is this appropriate
and can we detect low levels? Modelers have been surprised at the
difficulty in measuring salinity. Because the program did not
specify equipment and exact procedures, we were not able to measure
comparable nitrogen levels.
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Host laboratories used procedures from EPA 40 CFR 136 and
Standard Methods, but the Chesapeake Biological Laboratory (CBL)
used their own SOPs. Some data sets from laboratories using
traditional EPA fresh water methods were discarded since the
detection limits were not low enough, the data were inconsistent
with historical data, and the particulates were not measured
directly. When results from split samples were found to be
inconsistent, the LISS switched to CBL methods.
Some lessons learned when the State laboratories asked for EPA
to recommend approved methods and EPA had no recommendations were
that:
EPA needs to compile and validate standard methods for
low level nutrients, organics, and metals in marine and
estuarine water;
PE samples need to be developed and used to check
laboratory capabilities, as is done in NPDES and drinking
water programs; and
Protocols are needed to analyze toxics in the water
column, as data are questionable and inconsistent.
One question we have is whether the BOD measurement is
appropriate for the sea water matrix. Considering the high error
of the method, can analysis at low levels be meaningful?
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MASSACHUSETTS BAY
Windsor Sung
Massachusetts Water Resources Authority
The Massachusetts Water Resources Authority (MWRA) is under
a court order mandate to "clean up" Boston Harbor. A major portion
of this task is to build a secondary vastewater treatment plant
(peak capacity of 52.6 m3/s or 1200 MGD) and a 16.4 km (9.5 mile)
long ocean outfall which discharges through a 2 km diffuser under
30 m of water. The outfall is scheduled to be operational by 1995.
As part of its monitoring efforts, MWRA is sponsoring a total
of six cruises from the Fall of 1989 to the summer of 1990 to
gather baseline information about hydrography, nutrients and
productivity in the vicinity of the outfall. The Massachusetts Bay
Program (MBP), a state program recently nominated into the National
Estuary Program (NEP), is also sponsoring a series of transects and
moorings to study the physical oceanography of Massachusetts Bay
and Cape Cod Bay. A map showings these transects is included in
Attachment F.
The MWRA and MBP have recognized the importance of standard
operating procedures and inter-comparison of analytical techniques.
There is an anecdotal account of two different groups on the same
cruise measuring chlorophyll and getting different values; they
were using different size filters! We would like to see Standard
Reference Materials (SRM) developed by EPA for low level nutrients
in marine matrices.
The MWRA also embarked on a monitoring program on combined
sewer overflows (CSOs). The laboratory involved employed NPDES
methods for metals and they came up with mostly non-detects except
for copper and zinc. Another independent CSO research project by
a university group showed that metal levels are typically very low,
with dissolved metals in the sub-ppb range.
It is important to educate and communicate to the managers and
decision makers the importance of monitoring. It is also important
to establish clearly the various levels of data quality and how
they may be used to address different hypotheses.
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REGION IX ESTUARY AND MARINE MONITORING PROGRAMS
Brian Melzian
EPA Region IX
No estuarine programs were discussed since the national
estuary programs in San Francisco and Santa Monica Bays have only
just begun. The San Francisco Estuary Program is planning to
conduct a monitoring workshop this fall in order to start
development of a monitoring program.
Region IX recommends that the "Interim Methods for Priority
Pollutants in Sediments and Fish Tissue" (EPA 600/4-81-055) not be
validated because:
they were published in 1981, and hence outdated; and
practical experience in Region IX has found them to not
be scientifically sound and "state of the art."
Because of the inadequacy of the "Interim" methods, the
national 301(h) estuarine/marine chemistry protocols were produced
to give detailed guidance to permittees.
In lieu of using EPA's "Interim" methods, it is recommended
that we use the 301 (h) chemistry protocols for tissues and
sediments, along with portions of all other appropriate protocols
(e.g., Puget Sound Protocols, NOAA's Status and Trends Program,
EPA's Contract Laboratory Program). We do not need to invent new
protocols.
Because of our past and ongoing experience in developing and
using estuarine/marine inorganic and organic chemistry protocols,
Region IX requests that resources be provided to the Narragansett,
Newport, and Gulf Breeze marine laboratories to assist in the
development efforts now underway in the EMSL/Cincinnati laboratory.
Before EPA publishes FINAL estuarine/marine analytical
chemistry protocols, there should be interlaboratory comparison
exercises between government, academic, and private laboratories.
These exercises would be used to see whether the protocols are:
a) practical; b) cost-effective; and c) scientifically and legally
valid or defensible.
An outline of the presentation is contained in Attachment G.
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Discussion;
question - should Joe Hall put this guidance or the
availability of documents in COASTNET?
comment - Region X does not recognize 301(h) chemistry
methodology due to lack of validation. Region IX disagrees
and feels that some of Region X's comments are valid, but some
are outdated.
We need a clearinghouse for analytical methodology where
the methods are collected, compared, and made available. Bob
King at OHEP is the contact for obtaining documents.
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HARBOR ESTUARY PROGRAM
Eric Stern
EPA Region II
The Harbor Estuary Program (HEP) involves the NY-NJ Harbor,
the Hudson Estuary, and the Raritan Estuary, and is a joint study
involving EPA Region II, NYSDEC, and NJDEP. The goal is to develop
a management plan for the HEP by 1994 that will restore and/or
maintain an ecosystem that supports an optimal diversity of living
resources on a sustained basis. Additional information and maps
are included in Attachment H.
The program objectives are to:
Preserve and restore an ecologically important habitat;
Attain water quality that fully supports bathing and
other recreational uses of the Estuary;
Ensure that fish and shellfish in the Estuary are safe
for unrestricted human consumption;
Restore and enhance the aesthetic quality of the Estuary;
Manage and balance the competing uses of the Estuary to
improve environmental quality; and
Manage pollutants within the Estuary so that they do not
contribute to use impairments outside the Estuary.
In the New York Bight Restoration Plan (NYBRP), priority will
be placed on the control of those pollutants most directly
associated with water use impairments. Problems seen are beach
closures, unsafe seafood, damage to commercial and recreational
fisheries, damage to marine mammals, birds and reptiles, and
adverse effect on commercial navigation.
The relationship between the NYBRP and the HEP is such that:
The NYBRP will define the necessary reduction of
pollutants from each input zone to help eliminate
priority use impairments on the Bight; and
The HEP will develop a plan to meet those requirements
involving management practices and programs to control
pollutant inputs within the Estuary.
At present, studies are underway involving synthesis of
existing data to characterize the spatial and temporal trends of
22
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estuarine resources and the nature, degree, and severity of
pollution and other anthropogenic influences on the Estuary.
The focus during FY 90 will be collection of new data for
management decisions, e.g., the development and implementation of
a biomonitoring program for indicators previously studied. In
addition, the HEP intends to develop a monitoring program for
wasteload allocations for toxics and conventional pollutants and
to model carbon and nutrient cycles relative to dissolved oxygen.
EPA is using the Lake Ontario toxics management plan as a
model for toxics categorization. The three contaminants of
priority concern are PCBs, dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD), and mercury.
General program concerns are:
the validation of analytical methods for metals and PAHs
in marine waters, sediments, and tissues;
the determination of the reliability of "old" data and
methods;
the development of appropriate bioassay tests for ambient
water toxicity studies; and
the further development of Water Quality and Fish Tissue
Standards and Criteria (cadmium, copper, lead, zinc).
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DELAWARE ESTUARY
MARRIA O'MALLEY
EPA Region III
The Delaware Estuary was designated to the National Estuary Program
on July IS, 1988. The preliminary goals of the program were to:
provide for the restoration of living resources of the
Estuary and to protect their habitats and ecological
relationships for future generations;
reduce and control point and nonpoint sources of
pollution, particularly toxic pollution and nutrient
enrichment, and attain the water quality conditions
necessary to support abundant and diverse living
resources in the Delaware Estuary;
protect public water supplies and manage water
allocations while maintaining ecological conditions
within the estuary;
manage the economic growth of the Delaware Estuary in
accordance with the goal to restore and protect the
estuary's living resources; and
promote greater public understanding and participation
in decisions and programs affecting the Delaware Estuary.
During the FY 1988 planning year, the Delaware Estuary Program
initiated a public outreach and education program and established
its management structure. Management and Policy, Citizens
Advisory, Local Government, Scientific and Technical Advisory and
Financial Planning Committees have been established.
At a series of workshops in February 1989, a tri-state kick-
off workshop in April 1989, and the State of the Estuary workshop
in October 1989, four key issues were identified for the program
to address. Scientific characterization of these four issues was
begun by choosing contractors in April 1990 from those responding
to Requests for Proposals. Inventory and assessment of historical
data sets for general water quality parameters, toxics, key plant
and animal species, and habitat loss and alteration will be
conducted by the contractors to determine status and trends. The
Delaware River Basin Commission has conducted a 20 year monitoring
program with 23 stations to evaluate the impact of point sources.
The state of Delaware is conducting an ongoing monitoring
program for the Delaware inland bays. They are looking into the
use of citizen monitoring, shellfish programs, and agricultural
inputs.
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CHESAPEAKE BAY
Ray Alden
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Old Dominion University
In the Chesapeake Bay Program, we have had a significant
impact as a result of changing methods midstream in the study.
Different methods have different biases and variances which should
be evaluated. Everything has to be brought to the highest common
denominator to prevent false downward trends (i.e., decreasing MDLs
with improved methodology could be construed as decreasing amounts
of the analyte). We need to make sure that mid-course corrections
are worth the cost and we now know that we need a long period of
time for the study of method compatibility (comparability studies
must wait out the learning curve). If at all possible, the best
method should be chosen in advance to address predetermined data
quality objectives.
Comment from Bettina Fletcher: The Chesapeake Bay Program started
put using EPA methodology for the first two years, then switched
to CBL methods. Five years into the program, we are still trying
to salvage some of the old data.
It certainly facilitates the evaluation of the effectiveness
of management actions if the analytical methods with associated
detection limits and performance criteria can be clearly defined
in advance of the study. The close relationship between decision
makers, data users and those charged with designing and
implementing monitoring programs is essential. Data quality
objectives (DQOs) or whatever label is applied must be established
to the maximum extent possible before monitoring begins. However,
as Dr. Alden mentioned, we are working in the area of a statistical
based mid-course reevaluation of the Ma instern Monitoring Program
in the Chesapeake. It is quite likely that this evaluation will
result in recommendations for some changes in the current
monitoring scheme. It will be the job of the Quality Assurance
Program to document any changes in protocols and to establish the
comparability of the two designs. The Chesapeake Bay Program will
be eager to share its experience with this DQO effort as it
proceeds.
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Rob Hale
Nike Unger
VIMS
Contaminant screening should be carefully planned. There are
many toxic compounds which are not on the priority pollutant list.
Sample extraction methods must be seriously evaluated. For GC,
Hall detectors are more specific and require less cleanup.
Retention markers should be employed for GC analysis. When
compounds are measured against standards, retention times are used
for identification. Unknown peaks can be observed during a review
of the chromatograms from a historical study. When the compound
is eventually identified, the "unknown" can be tracked by
inspection of old raw data.
We need to be able to measure TBT at ppt levels due to its
toxicity. The detection limit of the EPA method is insufficient
for most estuaries. The tendency to regard a nondetect as zero is
inappropriate. Clams could still be taking it up even when we
can't measure it in the environment. We should identify or develop
a reliable method checked with round robins and NIST reference
materials.
Battelle developed a series of SOPs for the ocean dumping
program for OMEP.
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GREETINGS FROM OHEP
Louise Wise
Office of Marine and Estuarine Protection
OHEP would like to assist the efforts of the workgroups
wherever they can and is looking forward to receiving the "sense
of the meeting." A letter describing the list of needs identified
by the group should be sent to ORD (Mike Conlon) for further
support.
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SENSE OF THE MEETING AND FORMATION OF WORKGROUPS
We are looking for a group statement of common problems and
the organization to work on them. Bettina Fletcher asked that:
participants convey back to their managers that there is
a need and help to construct a written response;
the letter should include a list of prioritized needs
since the regional initiatives will be funded in FY 91;
and
we form a series of workgroups: nutrients, organics,
metals, and biologicals.
Each workgroup will address 4 matrices: tissue, water, sediment,
and air (deposition). Field sampling and remote sensing will be
addressed wherever they are relevant to the concerns of the
different workgroups. Each workgroup should ask questions and come
up with the best possible approach without initially worrying about
commonality or EPA methodology. Each group will consider the
measurement process from sample collection on. The workgroups
would get together (in person, by conference call or through
CoastNet) to review existing methods; identify variations; identify
how methods are used; identify needs for study, round robins,
validations, and field tests; conduct intercomparisons, if
possible; offer guidance (continuing and in documents); and
identify ORD initiatives that need funding.
Discussion was held of the many items and problems which
should be investigated and resolved. Volunteers were solicited to
serve on workgroups addressing the above areas. Some of the major
points of discussion are summarized below.
Nutrients:
EPA wastewater methods are not directly applicable to saline
waters without modifications, although State and some other Agency
labs are required to use EPA methods as written. Most labs cannot
modify methods since they lack the time and space and these samples
represent a small component of their workload. Even if
modifications could be made, a lot of the labs are not clean enough
for trace analyses. The State of New Jersey says that it is
illegal for a State-certified contractor laboratory to modify
analytical methods and procedures.
We need to address DQOs. What are the intended uses of the
data? How does this affect the choice of method? We need to
define the filter size used for separating soluble and particulate
fractions. Membrane filters are prone to contamination. Relative
pore size can change during the process of filtering samples.
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There are three major reasons for performance samples:
need to specify method performance capabilities;
blind samples sent to labs to check inter-comparability;
and
reference values known to analyst for QA/QC.
Jonathan Garber of ORD Narragansett asked that any guidance
and methods developed by the workgroups allow flexibility for
discretion of practitioners in the field to make site-specific
modifications, get the units straight and make sure conversion
factors are correct (dry vs. wet weight) and reported with the
data, allow for salt interferences, and field test any new or
modified methods before EPA goes final.
For nitrogen and phosphorus, are there any EPA methods
acceptable for estuarine waters? ODU and Joe Costa say that the
total and ortho phosphorus methods are acceptable for marine waters
(except for the hot plate sample preparation steps). The method
of standard additions should be used for accurate quantitation.
How does acid preservation affect the analysis? A slight
error in the pH of a nitrogen sample can throw off the analysis,
since nitrogen analyses are pH dependent. The alkaline persulfate
method is better for determining nitrogen balance. TKN is too
noisy.
For phosphorus analysis, a lot of acid is added during sample
preparation and analysis, so preservation is not a significant
issue.
The calibration procedure for phosphorus should be modified
for estuaries, since it is unacceptable in a salt water matrix.
Diluted SRMs are not necessarily acceptable because they don't
check method accuracy and precision. The dilution water which is
used can affect results. We need performance evaluation samples
arriving at the lab ready to analyze to eliminate variations.
However, if whole water samples were used, many would be needed so
that the proper salinity can be chosen. If concentrates were used,
they could be diluted with water of the appropriate salinity.
CBL uses NaCl solution with a salinity at about mid-range of
the samples for dilution of standards and for wash water. If the
samples span a wide range of salinities, then break the sample
batch into proportional segments and run separate standards.
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Technicon specifies artificial seawater, although ODU does not
use the commercially available synthetic seawater because dilutions
have not been linear and they have experienced a problem with
precipitation of salts when diluting artificial seawater (due to
altered balance of salts and the ions react with reagents). NaCl
solution should be used to calibrate and as wash water.
Chlorophyll;
There is not an accepted standardized calibration material.
The EPA SRM does not include sample processing steps. There are
six different ways to calculate chlorophy11-a. At two different
labs, one gets half the amount of the other due to different
calculations. In order to compare numbers, all raw data must be
provided so that others can recalculate the numbers using their own
preferred equations.
Can the oceanic equation be used for estuaries? Have the
chlorophy11-a equations been validated for estuaries (where
variable salinities are encountered)?
Demand;
What are the appropriate parameters? Modelers want long-term
measurements to deal with the labile, refractory, and inert
fractions.
Oraanics;
Priority should be given to low level PAHs and phthalates in
the water column and sediments.
One concern is the mutagenic activity of waste water due to
low levels of brominated compounds resulting from chlorinated
byproducts converted to the brominated form in seawater. Some of
these compounds are so reactive that they won't go through a GC
column.
California NPDES and 301(h) permits require measurement of
residual chlorine and require dechlorination before entering
estuarine or marine waters.
The workgroups could provide education to data users about
data quality and uses.
Should the particulate phase be focussed on? The answer
depends on the goal of the study. If the researchers are modelling
fate, whole water should be analyzed. If the researchers are
interested in bioavailability, then the analyses should be
specific. Animals like mussels get their dose from water with
compounds adsorbed on particulates. Mussels, however, feed on
different sized particulates than oysters.
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Attention should be paid to the matrix when analyzing tissue -
wet weight vs. dry weight vs. lipid weight. Where you sample on
a fish affects the lipid content of the sample. Subsequent solvent
extractions would result in different apparent levels of
contaminants.
How should old PCB data be interpreted? We need a way to link
the congener approach vs. aroclor approach, as well as any data
with different detection limits.
We need to evaluate isotope dilution techniques vs. standard
GC/MS as to performance, availability, and cost. We need to
develop guidelines on correcting for bias with GC/MS (isotope
dilution corrects for bias, but costs much more).
We need to develop methods for analysis of organometallics (we
do not have methods for methylmercury, alkyl lead, selenium and
cyanide metalloids, and tributyltin).
Do PAHs leach from CCA-treated wood or creosoted pilings in
marine waters?
Metals;
According to Carlton Hunt, we don't need new methods, we just
have to develop an appropriate QA program to validate and
standardize the methods. Round robins should be conducted.
Should we do total or partial sediment digestion? Each method
will give slightly different results and data will not be
comparable if procedures are not standardized in advance.
We need to deal with biological availability. For ecological
impacts, speciation of metals is becoming the hot issue. Do we
need to do total metals analysis? Ecologists are not that
interested. What does "total metals" tell you? TBT methods need
to be validated. Acid volatile sulfides measurement in sediment
is valuable. What are the questions being asked? What are the
objectives of the study (DQOs)? They need to be identified before
a decision is made on a method. We need to provide guidance on
what the questions, possible uses of the data, and recommended
QA/QC approaches are. A matrix of data uses vs. recommended
analytical QC would be a good product of the workgroup.
Judy Pederson can provide information on a study of tissue
methods (FDA vs. EPA).
According to Ray Alden, sediment analyses can be used for more
purposes than currently applied. Carbon, Eh, aluminum, etc., can
give useful information. Eh has a lot to say about the
bioavailability of metals.
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Bioloaicals!
Major issues or areas of interest include bioassays, round
robins, standard reference toxicants (particularly for sediments),
chronic bioassays, and the FDA National Shellfish Contamination
Committee.
According to Brian Melzian, we need more work in chronic
bioassays and the effect of sediment sizes on toxics
bioavailability.
Bill Muir pointed out many questions on the methods for
pathogens.
General;
We need to develop widely accepted definitions (for such
things as particulates, digestion, sediment, etc.)* We need to
evaluate existing methods and formalize the commonly accepted
modifications. What assistance EPA can provide?
Sampling methods are critical in metals analysis, as are
sample preparation and lab controls. Alkylated lead compounds are
an increasingly important environmental issue.
Charge to the Workgroups!
Each of the workgroups should collect existing methods for
review and evaluation. We should identify the need for round
robins, validation, and/or special studies. Our "grass roots"
intercomparison could lead to a guidance document. We should
contact outside experts, involve academic and other federal
agencies, and identify initiatives within ORO and EHAP.
Tom Pheiffer mentioned that as a renegade committee, we need
to identify sources of support (e.g., EMAP, Regional Operations,
ORD, the Environmental Monitoring Management Council, and new
monitoring committees).
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Attendees at the Marine and Estuarine Analytical Methods Workshop
Annapolis, MO May 2-3, 1990
Name and Address Phone # Fax #
Ray Alden, Ph.D., Director (804) 683-4195 (804) 683-5293
Applied Marine Research Laboratory
Old Dominion University
College of Sciences
Norfolk, VA 23529-0456
Tom Armitage (202) 475-7378
U.S. EPA FTS 475-7378
Office of Marine & Estuarine Protection
Technical Support Division (WH-556F)
401 M St., SW
Washington, DC 20460
John Armstrong, Coordinator (206) 442-1368 (206) 442-0165
Office of Puget Sound FTS 399-1368 FTS 399-0165
U.S. EPA Region X (WD-139)
1200 Sixth Ave.
Seattle, WA 98101
Karen Bankert
U.S. EPA Region IX FTS 382-7942
1235 Mission St. P-3-2
San Francisco, CA 94109
Mark Barath (3ES40) (215) 597-7817
U.S. EPA Region III
841 Chestnut St.
Philadelphia, PA 19107
Grace Batisto (804) 642-7192 (804) 642-7195
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
The College of William and Mary
Gloucester Point, VA 23062
Richard Batiuk, Monitoring Coordinator (301) 266-6873 (301) 266-6864
Chesapeake Bay Liaison Office
410 Severn Ave.
Annapolis, MD 21403
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Attendees at the Marine and Estuarine Analytical Methods Workshop
Annapolis, MD May 2-3, 1990
Name and Address
Phone #
Fax f
Peter Bergstrora
CSC/Chesapeake Bay Liaison Office
410 Severn Avenue
Annapolis, MD 21403
Warren S. Boothman, Ph.D.
U.S. EPA
Environmental Research Laboratory
27 Tarzwell Drive
Narragansett, RI 02882
Cynthia Carusone
NYSDEC
Bureau of Monitoring and Assessment
50 Wolf Road
Albany, NY 12233
William Charlton
ENSECO, Inc.
205 Alewife Brook Parkway
Cambridge, MA 02138
Art Clark
U.S. EPA Region I
60 Westview St.
Lexington, MA 02173
Joe Costa
MA Buzzards Bay Project
2 Spring Street
Marion, MA 02738
Chris D'Ella, Director
University of Maryland
The MD Sea Grant Program
1224 H.J. Patterson Hall
College Park, MD 20742
(301) 266-6873 (301) 266-6864
FTS 922-2285
(401) 782-3161 (401) 782-3030
FTS 838-6161 FTS 838-6030
(617) 661-3111
X257
(617) 860-4374 (617) 860-4397
FTS 828-6374
(508) 748-3600 (508) 748-2845
(301) 454-5690
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Attendees at the Marine and Estuarine Analytical Methods Workshop
Annapolis, MO May 2-3, 1990
Name and Address Phone # Fax #
Thomas DeMoss, Director (301) 266-9180 (301) 266-9180
Center for Excellence in Coastal
Environmental Protection
U.S. EPA Central Regional Laboratory
839 Bestgate Road
Annapolis, MD 21401
Gregg Douglas (617) 934-0571 (617) 934-2124
Battelle Ocean Sciences
397 Washington St.
Duxbury, MA 02332
Brigitte Farren (WH-556F) (202) 475-9799
U.S. EPA FTS 475-9799
Office of Marine and Estuarine Protection
401 M St., SW
Washington, DC 20460
Bettina B. Fletcher (301) 266-9180 (301) 266-9180
U.S. EPA Chesapeake Bay Program Office
839 Bestgate Rd.
Annapolis, MD 21401
Robert C. Hale, Ph.D. (804) 642-7228
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
The College of William and Mary
Gloucester Point, VA 23062
Joe Hall, Quality Assurance Officer (202) 475-7182 (202) 382-6294
U.S. EPA FTS 475-7182 FTS 382-6294
Office of Marine and Estuarine Protection
401 M St., SW (WH-556F)
Washington, DC 20460
Steven G. Halterman
MA Dept. of Environmental Protection
Division of Water Pollution Control-TSB
Lyman School Grounds
Westboro, MA 01581
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Attendees at the Marine and Estuarine Analytical Methods Workshop
Annapolis, MD May 2-3, 1990
Name and Address
Phone #
Fax I
Susan Hitch, Aquatic Biologist
U.S. EPA (WH-556F)
Office of Marine and Estuarine Protection
Marine Operations Division
401 M St., SW
Washington, DC 20460
Ben Honaker
U.S. EPA
OWRS/ITD/Method Staff
401 M St., SW
Washington, DC 20460
Carl ton Hunt, Ph.D.
Trace Metals Laboratory Manager
Battelle Ocean Sciences
397 Washington St.
Duxbury, MA 02332
Margo Hunt, Ph.D.
Quality Assurance Branch
U.S. EPA Region II ESD
2890 Woodbridge Ave.
Ran tan Depot Bldg. 10
Edison, NJ 08837
Dick Huntamer
WA State Dept. of Ecology
Manchester Environmental Laboratory
7411 Beach Drive
Port Orchard, WA 98366
Tim Jacobsen
Shellfish Research Laboratory
Rutgers University
P.O. Box 687
Port Norris, NJ 08349
(202)
FTS
475-7178
475-7178
(202) 382-6294
FTS 382-6294
(202) 382-2272
FTS 382-2272
(617) 934-0571 (617) 934-2124
(201) 321-6606
FTS 340-6606
(201) 321-6640
FTS 340-6640
(206) 895-4737
(609) 785-0074 (609) 785-1544
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Attendees at the Marine and Estuarine Analytical Methods Workshop
Annapolis, MO May 2-3, 1990
Name and Address
Phone #
Fax f
Robert K. Johnston
Code 522
Naval Ocean Systems Center
271 Catalina Blvd.
San Diego, CA 92152-5000
Charles Jones, Jr.
Quality Assurance Office
U.S. EPA Region III (3ESOO)
841 Chestnut St., 8th Floor
Philadelphia, PA 19107
Lloyd Kahn, QA Branch
U.S. EPA Region II ESD
2890 Woodbridge Ave.
Raritan Depot
Edison, NJ 08837
Carolyn Keefe
Nutrient Analysis Laboratory
Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
University of Maryland CEES
Solomons, MD 20688-0038
Linda S. Laughlin
Tetra Tech, Inc.
10306 Eaton Place
Suite 340
Fairfax, VA 22030
Larry Lobring
Chief, Inorganic Chemistry Branch
Environmental Monitoring Systems Lab/CI
26 West Martin Luther King Dr.
Cincinnati, OH 45268
Suzanne Lussier
Chesapeake Bay Liaison Office
410 Severn Avenue
Annapolis, MD 21403
on extended training leave
(401) 792-6220
(215) 597-7210 (215) 597-9238
FTS 597-7210 FTS 597-9238
(201) 321-6709 (201) 321-6640
FTS 340-6709 FTS 340-6640
(301) 326-4281 (301) 326-6342
(703) 385-6000 (703) 385-6007
(513) 569-7372 (513) 569-7424
FTS 684-7372
(301) 266-6873 (301) 266-6864
FTS 922-2285
37
-------
Attendees at the Marine and Estuarine Analytical Methods Workshop
Annapolis, MO May 2-3, 1990
Name and Address
Phone #
Fax f
Joe Macknis
P.O. Mainstem Monitoring Program
Chesapeake Bay Liaison Office
U.S. EPA Region III
410 Severn Avenue
Annapolis, MD 21403
Margaret Matsul
Enseco, Inc.
Doak's Lane at Little Harbor
Marblehead, MA 01945
Owen McCusker
Environmental Research Institute
University of Connecticut
Bldg. UTEB Box U-210
Storrs, CT 06168
Jerry McKenna
U.S. EPA Region II ESD
2890 Uoodbridge Ave.
Raritan Depot
Edison, NJ 08837
Brian Melzian, Ph.D.
U.S. EPA
Environmental Research Laboratory
27 Tarzwell Drive
Narragansett, RI 02882
George Minasian
DEP/Lawrence Experiment Station
37 Shattuck St.
Lawrence, MA 01843
Bill Muir (3ES-42)
U.S. EPA Region III
Environmental Services Division
841 Chestnut St.
Philadelphia, PA 19107
(301) 266-6873 (301) 266-6864
(617) 639-2695
(203) 486-5488
(201) 321-6706
FTS 340-6706
(401) 782-3163 (401) 782-3030
FTS 838-6163 FTS 838-6030
(508) 682-5237 (508) 688-0352
(215) 597-2541 (215) 597-9238
FTS 597-2541 FTS 597-9238
38
-------
Attendees at the Marine and Estuarlne Analytical Methods Workshop
Annapolis, MD May 2-3, 1990
Name and Address
Phone #
Fax #
Bruce Nell son
Division of Physical Oceanography
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
The College of William and Mary
Gloucester Point, VA 23062
Christine 01 sen
CT Dept. of Environmental Protection
Bureau of Water
122 Washington St.
Hartford, CT 06016
Marria O'Malley
U.S. EPA Region III CRL
839 Bestgate Road
Annapolis, MD 21401
Jim Pagenkopf
Tetra Tech, Inc.
10306 Eaton Place
Suite 340
Fairfax, VA 22030
John Paul
U.S. EPA
Environmental Research Laboratory
27 Tarzwell Drive
Narragansett, RI 02882
Judith Pederson
MA Coastal Zone Management
100 Cambridge St., 20th floor
Boston, MA 02202
Tom Pheiffer
U.S. EPA ORD
401 M St., SW (RD-680)
Washington, DC 20460
(804) 642-7204
(203) 566-6690
FTS 566-8650
(203) 566-8650
(301) 266-9180 (301) 266-9180
(703) 385-6000 (703) 385-6007
(401) 782-3037 (401) 782-3030
FTS 838-6037 FTS 838-6030
(617) 727-9530 (617) 727-2754
X413
(202) 382-5798
39
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Attendees at the Marine and Estuarine Analytical Methods Workshop
Annapolis, MD May 2-3, 1990
Name and Address
Phone #
Fax #
Charles Porfert, Ph.D.
U.S. EPA Region I
Environmental Services Division
60 Westview St.
Lexington, MA 02173
Richard Pruell, Ph.D.
U.S. EPA
Environmental Research Laboratory
27 Tarzwell Drive
Narragansett, RI 02882
Bob Quinn
U.S. EPA Region IV
Environmental Services Division
College Station Road
Athens, GA 30613
Marsha Ramsay
MDR Associates
6009 Lake Manor Drive
Baltimore, MD 21210
Betty Salley, Chief
Nutrient Analysis Laboratory
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
The College of William & Mary
Gloucester Point, VA 23062
Timothy Sanders
U.S. EPA Region VI Laboratory
10625 Fall stone Road
Houston, TX 77074
Paul W. Slunt, Jr.
MD Dept. of the Environment
2500 Broening Highway
Baltimore, MD 21224
(617) 860-4313 (617) 860-4397
(401) 782-3091 (401) 782-3030
FTS 838-6091
(404) 546-3165 (404) 546-2018
FTS 250-3165 FTS 250-2018
(301) 377-7276
(804) 642-7213 (804) 642-7195
(713) 983-2159
(301) 631-3575
40
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Attendees at the Marine and Estuarine Analytical Methods Workshop
Annapolis, MD May 2-3, 1990
Name and Address Phone # Fax #
Steven Sokolowski, CO-PI (804) 683-4195/
Applied Marine Research Laboratory 4524
Old Dominion University
College of Sciences
Norfolk, VA 23529-0456
Charles S. Spooner, Director
Chesapeake Bay Liaison Office
410 Severn Ave.
Annapolis, MD 21403
Eric A. Stern (212) 264-5283 (212) 264-2194
Marine Wetlands Protection Branch - WMD
U.S. EPA Region II
Jacob Javltz Federal Bldg.
26 Federal Plaza
New York, NY 10278
Windsor Sung, Ph.D. (617) 242-6000 (617) 241-6070
MA Water Resource Authority
100 First Avenue
Boston, MA 02129
Mike Unger (804) 642-7236
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
The College of William & Mary
Gloucester Point, VA 23062
Ray Valente (401) 782-3000
SAIC/ U.S. EPA FTS 838-6000
Environmental Research Laboratory
27 Tarzwell Drive
Narragansett, RI 02882
Niranjan Vescio (617) 661-3111
ENSECO, Inc.
205 Alewife Brook Parkway
Cambridge, MA 02138
41
-------
Attendees at the Marine and Estuarine Analytical Methods Workshop
Annapolis, MD May 2-3, 1990
Name and Address Phone # Fax #
Louise Wise (202) 382-7166
U.S. EPA (WH556F) FTS 382-7166
Office of the Director
Office of Marine & Estuarine Protection
401 M St., SW
Washington, DC 20460
42
-------
ATTACHMENTS
-------
Attachment A
Quality Control Samples
Carolyn Keefe
-------
a
0.020
0.016
0.012 ^
0.008
0.004
0
0.030
0.020-
0.010-
0
0.100
0.080
AMBIENT PHOSPHATE CONCENTRATION (mg P/l)
PHOSPHATE CONCENTRATE 3 (0.025 mg P/l) *
PHOSPHATE CONCENTRATE 4 (0.0875 mg P/I)*
0.000
INITIAL 14 DAYS
ambient correction included
31 DAYS
66 DAYS
Figure 1. Mean phosphate concentration* (mg P/l) of ambient and enriched
series from Nay-July 1989. Error bars indicate +/- one standard deviation
of the mean. Dotted line represents the expected concentration.
A-l
-------
0.40
0.30-
0.20-
0.10-
AMBIENT NITRATE CONCENTRATION (mg N/l)
0.00
i
NITRATE CONCENTRATE #3 (0.07 mg N/l)
NITRATE CONCENTRATE #4 (0.3575 mg N/l)
a 0.20
0.10-
0.00
111
mm.
INITIAL
14 DAYS
31 DAYS
66 DAYS
Figure 3. Mean nitrate concentrations (mg N/l) of ambient and enriched
series from May-July 1989. Error bars indicate +/- one standard deviation
ot the mean. Dotted line represents the expected concentration. * denotes
that these concentrations have been corrected for ambient values.
A-2
-------
AMBIENT TOTAL-N CONCENTRATION (mg N/l)
0.60-
0.40-
0.20-
0.00
1
li
1
T
^
\
J
P
rX
1
vto
I
\
0.18-
0.12-
0.06-
0.00
TOTAL-N CONCENTRATE 7 (0.192 mg N/l)
!
III
III
III
III
0.90-
0.60-
0.30-
0.00
TOTAL-N CONCENTRATE 4 (1.056 mg N/l)ซ
1
I
INITIAL 16 DAYS 27 DAYS 78 DAYS 112 DAYS
* ambient correction included
Figure 4. Mean total dissolved nitrogen concentrations (mg N/l) of ambient
and enriched series from May-August 1989. Error bars indicate +/- one
standard deviation of the mean. Dotted line represents the expected concen-
tration.
A-3
-------
AMMONIUM AMBIENT CONCENTRATION (mg N/l)
u.uซt
0.02-
0_
-0.02-
-QfM-
I
T
I
(
i
1
I
Kt^
% rfc
ss
1
i
1
rl^x^
1
1
ZZ 01
KS U
VZ& CB
*
1
1
0.12-
AMMONIUM CONCENTRATE 3 (0.14 mg N/l)'
t
i
^1
iy
งi
^) i
^ i
I
I
1 ^
^ i
II
INITIAL 18 DAYS 20 DAYS 33 DAYS 35 DAYS 76 DAYS
AMMONIUM CONCENTRATE 4 (0.475 mg N/l)*
0.20-
0.00
INITIAL
18 DAYS
35 DAYS
* ambient correction included
Figure 5. Me*n ammonium concentrations (mg N/l) of ambient and enriched
series from May-July 1989. Error bars indicate +/- one standard deviation
of the mean. Dotted line represents the expected concentration. Long Island
Sound concentrate results are uncorrected for possible matrix effects.
A-4
-------
COMPARISON OF STANDARD CURVES PREPARED
IN nnONlZED AND BLOCK IS. SOUND WATER
f
o>
O
I
UJ
8
g
1
0.18-
0.16-
0.14-
0.12-
0.10-
0.08-
0.06
0.04
0.02
0.00
Block Island Sound
slope = 0.81
ซ 20ppt
slope = 0.91
+ deionized water
slope = 1.02
i
i
i i i i i i r ' "
_ ^ ^ m ^k 4*4% 4% ^\^%
I
i
0.02 ' 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18
EXPECTED CONCENTRATION (mg N/l)
Figure 7. Comparison of standard curves prepared in deionized water, in
water from Block Island Sound and Block Island Sound water which had been
diluted to 20 ppt salinity with deionized water. These comparisons were
made relative to a deionized water standard curve (expected concentration)
Data represent mean concentration, +/- one standard deviation of from 3-5
replicate analyses.
A-5
-------
G>
MATRIX CORRECTED Nhฃ-N (0.14 mg N/l)
AMBIENT CORRECTION INCLUDED
u. io -
0.13-
0.11 -
0.09-
0.07-
0.05-
0.03-
0.01-
._^ E
!
7\
'//.
1
!
EZ2 Dl KS3 U ^ CB|
\
1
I.
1
1
\
\
\
\
!
1
I
1
E?
I
\
T
INITIAL 18 DAYS 20 DAYS 33 DAYS 35 DAYS 76 DAYS
MATRIX CORRECTED N^-N (0.475 mg N/l)
AMBIENT CORRECTION INCLUDED
INITIAL
18 DAYS
35 DAYS
Figure 9. Matrix corrected amoniua data for the Long Island Sound concen-
trates # 3 and 4 in relation to the other two treatments. Dotted line
represents the expected concentration.
A-6
-------
Attachment B
Low Level Nutrient PE Samples
Larry Lobring
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEMS
LABORATORY - CINCINNATI
Gary
McKee
Deputy Dlr
Tom
Clark
Director
EM3L-CI
Al
Dufour
Division Director
Microbiology Research
Bob
Safferman
Gerald
Stelma
Walt
Jakubowski
Bill
Budde
Division Director
Chemistry Research
Larry
Lobring
Jim
Eichelberger
John
Winter
Division Director
Quality Asauranoe Res
Bob
Graves
Jim
Lazorchak
Ray
Wesselman
May 1. 1990
-------
I 1,'l^.nj-r/ I
Water Research Committee
Co-Chair
Office Res & Develop
Office of Water
W
to
Water
Quality Sub
Ground
Water Sub.
Drinking
Water Sub
Water
Quality
B 101 A
Marine
Eetuarine
B 101 B
Waste water
Treatment
B 101 C
DW
Technology
December 1989
-------
Project Description
B101 B 27
7
Planned Start Date 9/30/89
Planned Completion Date 9/30/90
FTE(WY) S&E($K) R&D($K)
Resources 2.0 148 50
Project Manager
Larry Lobring
FTS 684-7372
COM 513-569-7372
-------
Marine Methods and Quality Assurance
Marine Methods
GOAL:
To evaluate and validate standardized
chemical methods for the analysis of
contaminants in marine, estuarine and other
saltwater matrices.
-------
Marine Methods and Quality Assurance
Marine Methods
RATIONALE:
The near-coastal areas are economically some
? of our richest and and most sensitive
Ul
ecosystems. Standardized methods are needed
for the NEP, EMAP and other programs. EPA
does not have standardized methods and QA
materials for monitoring and regulating
chemical pollutants in the marine environment.
-------
Marine Methods and Quality Assurance
Marine Methods
OJ
a\
APPROACH:
Studies will be conducted to determine
if existing QA materials are applicable
to marine and estuarine waters. Analyte
groups include nutrients, metals, trace
elements and organics.
-------
Marine Methods and Quality Assurance
Marine Methods
w
-J
APPROACH:
Available methods will be reviewed for
applicability in marine environment and
revised as necessary. Methods not applicable
will be modified or new methods using
state-of-the-art techniques will be developed,
-------
Ml"! ''
Marine Methods and Quality Assurance
Marine Methods
APPROACH:
Applicable methods will be validated with
existing, appropriate, QA materials. Selection
of method/analyte combinations, sample types
and number of samples, and analyte
concentrations will be selected by personnel
experienced in marine studies.
-------
7
vO
Method Validation Study Design
Three Yoden Pair
Six unique concentrations
Each pair may be considered duplicates
Six point weighted least square regression
for overall recovery
Overall precision based on six points
Single operator precision based on three pairs
Statistical comparison between matrices
Includes a blank and QC sample for each matrix
-------
ปl
I.,- C
Low-Level Total Phosphorus
PURPOSE:
? To define the statistics for the measurement
M
o
of a QC sample to support low-level phosphorus
studies in the Great Lakes. To calculate the
mean and standard deviation of the data submitted
and determine the 95% confidence limits. This limit
would be made available to the user with the QC
sample.
-------
Methods Used
Study LLP 2
METHOD METHOD # # of LABS
Automated Ascorbic
Acid 365.1 25
Manual Ascorbic
Acid 365.2 50
Manual Ascorbic
Acid, 2-Reagent 365.3 10
Automated Block
Digester 365.4 14
Other 10
-------
Low Level Total Phosphorus
Study (LLP 1 and LLP 2)
LLP 1 - 215 laboratories participated at a
phosphorus concentration of 3 ug/L
CONCENTRATION BELOW THE MDL
LLP 2-109 laboratories selected from the
participants in LLP 1. Phosphorus
concentrtation of 15 ug/L
-------
Data Summary
LLP 2 - 15ug/L
METHOD # MEAN ua/L S D ua/L
365.1 18.2 8.7
td
H
U>
365.2
365.3
365.4
Other
18.0
23
25
29
7.6
14.5
21.8
32.6
-------
Attachment C
COASTNET and the Compendium
Joe Hall
-------
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Water
(WH-556F)
EPA 503/2-89/001
April 1989
-/EPA
Compendium of Methods
For Marine And Estuarine
Environmental Studies
National Oceangraphic
and Atmospheric Administration
United States
Army Corps of Engineers
Waterways Experiment Station
C-l
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
GENERAL INFORMATION
1. BACKGROUND
2. FORMAT FOR COMPENDIUM OF METHODS
2.1 Sampling Methods Section
22. Analytical Methods Section
3. FORMAT FOR PRESENTATION OF METHODS
4. REFERENCES
SAMPLING METHODS METHOD NO.
1.0 WATER SAMPLERS
1.1 Water column samplers
1.1.1 Discrete samplers
1.1.2 Pump samplers
1.2 Sea-surface microlayer samplers
1.2.1 Plate samplers
122 Rotating drum samplers
1.3 Precipitation samplers
2.0 SEDIMENT SAMPLERS
2.1 Grab samplers
22. Core samplers
22.1 Piston corers
222. Box corers
23 Dredges
2.4 Sediment traps
3.0 BIOLOGICAL SAMPLERS
3.1 Nets
3.2 Trawls
3.3 Dredges
3.4 Lines
35 Traps
4.0 AIR SAMPLERS
4.1 High-volume ambient air samplers
42 Stack samplers
C-2
-------
ANALYTICAL METHODS
METHOD NO.
1.0 WATER
1.1 Marine and EstuarineSeawater
1.1.1 Physical Characteristics
1.1.1.1 Currents and Water Column Structure
1.1.12 Water Mass Movements
1.1.2 Water Quality/Biochemical Parameters
1.1.3 Organic Compounds
1.1.3.1 Purgeable Organic Compounds
1.1.32 Extractable Organic Compounds
1.1.4 Inorganic Compounds
1.1.4.1 Trace Metals
1.1.4.2 Nutrients
1.1.4.2.1 NITROGEN
Colorimetric Automated Phenate Method for
Ammonia Nitrogen
Automated Phenate Method for the Determination
of Ammonia Nitrogen
Automated Method for the Determination of
Ammonia Nitrogen
Manual Method for the Determination of
Ammonia Nitrogen
Colorimetric, Semi-Automated, Block Digester
Method for the Determination of
Total Kjetdahl Nitrogen
Semi-Automated Method for the Determination of
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Manual Method for the Determination of
Total Kjetdahl Nitrogen
Colorimetric, Automated, Cadmium Reduction
Method for Nitrate-Nitrite Nitrogen
Automated Method for the Determination of
Nitrate Plus Nitrite Nitrogen
Automated Method for the Determination of
Nitrite Nitrogen
Manual Method for the Determination of
Nitrite Nitrogen
Manual Method for the Determination of
Nitrate Nitrogen
Determination of Ammonium Nitrogen
Determination of Nitrite Nitrogen
Determination of Nitrate plus Nitrite Nitrogen
Determination of KjekJahl Nitrogen
Determination of Ammonia
Determination of Ammonia plus Amino Acids
Determination of Reactive Nitrite
Determination of Soluble Organic Nitrogen.
Kjefdahl Digestion
Determination of Solubel Organic Nitrogen by
Ultraviolet Oxidation
Distillation Method for the Determination of Ammonia Nitrogen
A-NITROGEN-1
A-NITROGEN-2
A-NITROGEN-3
A-NITROGEN-4
A-NrraOGEN-5
A-NFTROGEN-6
A-NITROGEN-7
A-NITROGEN-8
A-NITROGEN-9
A-NrTROGEN-10
A-NITROGEN-11
A-NITROGEN-12
A-NITROGEN-13
A-NITROGEN-14
A-NITROGEN-15
A-NrmOGEN-16
A-WITROGEN-17
A-NITROGEN-18
A-tHTROGEN-20
A-NFTROGEN-21
A-NTmOGEN-22
A-NrmOGEN-23
C-3
-------
Potentiometric Method for the Determination of
Ammonia Nitrogen A-NfTROGEN-24
Colorimetric, Automated Phenate Method for the
Determination of Total KjeUaht Nitrogen A-NfTROGEN-25
1.1.4.2.2 PHOSPHORUS
Colorimetric, Automated, Block Dlgestor Method for
the Determination of Total Phosphorus A-PHOS-1
Colorimetric, Automated, Ascorbic Add Method
far the Determination of Phosphorus A-PHOS-2
Automated Method for the Determination of Phosphorus A-PHOS-3
Manual Method for the Determination of Phosphorus A-PHO&4
Determination of Orthophospnate A-PHOS-5
1.1.4.2.3 CHLOROPHYLL
Fluorometric Determination of Chlorophyll a A-CHLOR-1
Spectrophotometric Determination of Chlorophylls
and Total Carotenoids A-CHLOR-2
Determination of Chlorophyll c A-CHLOR-3
Spectrophotometric Determination of Chlorophyll c A-CHLOR-4
1.1.5 Bacteria, Viruses, and Parasites
1.1.6 Toxicity Tests
1.1.6.1 Acute Toxicity
1.1.6.2 Chronic Toxicity
1.1.6.3 Bioaccumulation
1.1.7 Biological Communities
1.1.7.1 Microblal Populations
1.1.7.2 Phytoplankton
1.1.7.3 Zooplankton
1.1.7.4 Nekton Larvae
1.1.7.5 Marine Mammals, Turtles, and Seabirds
1.1.8 Radioactivity
1.1.9 Floatable Materials
12 Marine and Estuarine Sea-Surface Microlayer
1.2.1 Water Quality/Biochemical Parameters
1.22 Organic Compounds
1.2.2.1 Purgeable Organic Compounds
1.2.2.2 Extractable Organic Compounds
1.2.3 Inorganic Compounds
1.2.4 Bacteria. Viruses, and Parasites
1.2.5 Toxicity Tests
1.2.5.1 Acute Toxicity
12ฃ2 Chronic Toxicity
1.2.6 Biological Communities
12.6.1 Microbial Populations
1.2.6.2 Phytoplankton
1.2.6.3 Zooplankton
1.2.6.4 Nekton Larvae
1.2.7 Radioactivity
1.3 Precipitation
1.3.1 Water Quality Parameters
1.3.2 Organic Compounds
1.32.1 Purgeable Organic Compounds
1.3.22 Extractable Organic Compounds
C-4
-------
1.3.3 Inorganic Compounds
1.3.4 Radioactivity
1.4 Sediment IntarstrtiaJ Water
1.4.1 Water Quality/Biochemical Parameters
1.4.2 Organic Compounds
1.4.2.1 Purgeable Organic Compounds
1.4.2.2 Extractable Organic Compounds
1.4.3 Inorganic Compounds
1.4.4 Toxicity Tests
1.4.4.1 Acute Toxicity
1.4.4.2 Chronic Toxicity
1.4.4.3 Bioaccumulation
2.0 SEDIMENT
2.1 Marine and EStuarina Sediment
2.1.1 Physical Characteristics
2.1.2 Organic Compounds
2.1.2.1 Purgeable Organic Compounds
2.12.1 Extractable Organic Compounds
2.1.3 Inorganic Compounds
2.1.4 Bacteria, Viruses, and Parasites
2.1.5 Toxicity Tests
2.1.5.1 Acute Toxicity
2.1.5.2 Chronic Toxicity
2.1.5.3 Bioaccumulation
2.1.6 Biological Communities
2.1.6.1 infauna
2.1.6.2 Epifauna
2.1.7 Radioactivity
3.0 TISSUE
3.1 Marine and Estuarine Species (Plankton, Nekton, and Benthos)
3.1.1 Physical Characteristics
3.1.2 Organic Compounds
3.12.1 Purgeable Organic Compounds
3.1.2.2 Extractable Organic Compounds
3.1.3 Inorganic Compounds
3.1.4 Pathology
4.0 AIR
4.1 Ambient Air
4.1.1 Meteorological Observations
4.12 Total Partculates
4.1.3 Organic Compounds
4.1.3.1 Purgeable Organic Compounds
4.1.3.2 Extractable Organic Compounds
4.1.4 Inorganic Compounds
4.1.5 Radioactivity
42 Stack Air
4.2.1 Total Particulates
422 Organic Compounds
422.1 Purgeable Organic Compounds
42.22 Extractable Organic Compounds
C-5
-------
4.2.3 Inorganic Compounds
4.2.4 Toxicity Tests
4.2.4.1 Acute Toxicity
4.2.4.2 Chronic Toxicity
4.2.4.3 Bioaccumulation
4.2.5 Radioactivity
5.0 WASTE
5.1 Munidpal Sludges
&1.1 Physical Characteristics
5.1.2 Organic Compounds
5.1.2.1 Purgeable Organic Compounds
5.122 Extractable Organic Compounds
5.1.3 Inorganic Compounds
5.1.4 Bacteria, Viruses, and Parasites
5.1.5 Toxicity Tests
5.1.5.1 Acute Toxicity
5.1.52 Chronic Toxicity
5.1.5.3 Bioaccumulation
5.1.6 Radioactivity
5.1.7 Floatable Materials
52 Dredged Materials
5.2.1 Physical Characteristics
522 Organic Compounds
5.2.2.1 Purgeable Organic Compounds
5222 Extractable Organic Compounds
5.2.3 Inorganic Compounds
5.2.4 Bacteria, Viruses, and Parasites
5.2.5 Toxicity Tests
5.2.5.1 Acute Toxicity
5.2.5.2 Chronic Toxicity
5.2.5.3 Bioaccumulation
5.2.6 Radioactivity
53 Wastewater/Effluents
5.3.1 Water Quality/Biochemical Parameters
5.3.2 Organic Compounds
5.32.1 Purgeable Organic Compounds
5.32.2 Extractable Organic Compounds
5.3.3 Inorganic Compounds
5.3.4 Bacteria, Viruses, and Parasites
5.3.5 Toxicity Tests
5.3.5.1 Acute Toxicity
5.3.52 Chronic Toxicity
5.35.3 Bioaccumulation
5.3.6 Radioactivity
5.3.7 Floatable Materials
5.4 Industrial Waste
5.4.1 Physical Characteristics
5.42 Organic Compounds
5.4.2.1 Purgeable Organic Compounds
5.4.22 Extractable Organic Compounds
5.4.3 Inorganic Compounds
5.4.4 Toxicity Tests
5.4.4.1 Acute Toxicity
C-6
-------
5.4.4.2 Chronic Toxicity
5.4.4.3 Bioaccumulation
5.4.5 Radioactivity
5.4.6 Floatable Materials
5,5 Oil Waste
5.5.1 Physical Characteristics
5.5.2 Organic Compounds
5.52.1 Purgeable Organic Compounds
5.5.2.2 Extractable Organic Compounds
55.3 Inorganic Compounds
5.5,4 Toxicity Tests
55.4.1 Acute Toxicity
5.5.42 Chronic Toxicity
55.4.3 Bioaccumulation
C-7
-------
What you will
need to access
COASTNET
COASTNET
Electronic
Bulletin Board
Access to a Personal
Computer
1200 or 2400 Baud
Modem
Communication
Software
(CrossTalk, ProComm,
etc,)
A User-ID and Password
assigned by the
COASTNET System
Operator
Providing
up-to-date
information
for people
involved In
near coastal
and
marine issues
For additional information, contact the
COASTNET System Operator:
Joseph N. Hall
Office of Marine and Estuarine Protection
FTS/475-7182
Sponsored and Operated by
The Office of Marine and Estuarine Protection
Office of Water
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
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COASTNET
Electronic Bulletin Board
Providing up-to-date information for
people involved in near coastal
and marine issues.
Now, with the touch of your fingers, you can have
rapid access to a vast library of reports, proceedings,
and applications -- 24 hours a day.
The bulletin board also keeps you up-to-date on
meetings, events and key contacts in State, Regional,
and Headquarters marine and estuarine protection
offices around the country.
Bulletins
Calendar of Events
Activity Reports
Directory of Staff
Legislative Highlights
Announcements
... and others
Libraries
(Categories of files for uploading and downloading)
Policy
Program Management
Statements of Work
Legislative Analysis
Financing Programs
Grant Regulations
Quality Assurance
Public Involvement
Toxicants
Nutrients
Habitat Loss
Living Resources
Pathogens
...and others
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If you are interested in becoming a COASTNET user,
please provide the foiiowing information.
Name
Title .
Office
Address.
Phone
Your will be notified by mail of your
user ID and personal password.
You are now signed on as a COASTNET Electronic Bulletin Board User. Please refer to
the enclosed fact sheet for the COASTNET phone numbers and sign-on directions.
Your user-ID is
Your initial password is
(You can change your password once you are on COASTNET.)
COASTNET
Electronic Bulletin Board
C-10
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COASIWET
The Marine and Estuarine
Electronic Bulletin Board System
May 1990
Office of Marine and Estuarine Protection
Office of Water
U.S. EPA
-------
Outline
COASTNET
I. Introduction and Overview
Agenda
II. What is COASTNET?
Purpose
o Users
Structure
III. Demonstration
E-Mail
Bulletins
Files
Other Features
IV. Questions & Hands-On Time
-------
Agenda
COASTNET
o
During this session, we will:
Introduce COASTNET's origins.
Explain how COASTNET is structured.
Demonstrate how COASTNET works.
Allow you to test COASTNET yourselves.
We have two hand-outs for you:
Copy of this Brief ing
'Jump Start* Sheet
-------
What is
COASTNET
COASTNET
o
COASTNET is an electronic Bulletin Board System (BBS)
for persons working with or interested in marine and
estuarine protection. The BBS provides:
Timely Information about Marine and
Estuarine Programs, Projects, and Events
An Alternative to 'Telephone Tag"
Contact Names and Telephone Numbers
Instantaneous Communication to a Wide
Group of Users
-------
What is
COASTNET
COASTNET
COASTNET STRUCTURE
o
l-ป
01
I
E-MAIL
Receiving
Sending
Attaching
Files
COASTNET
1
File Library
Libraries
Downloading
Uploading
Bulletin
Menu
About COASTNET
Estuary Program
Near Coastal Waters
Activities Calendar
Legislative Updates
Weekly Reports
Workgroups
Documents Available
Directory
Other
Features
Teleconferencing
User Registry
Personal User
Information
-------
COASTNET
Features
COASTNEJ
Features of the COASTNET System:
Bulletins
E-Mail
0 File Library
Other Features
- Teleconferencing
- User Registry
- Personal User Information
-------
DRAF
COASTNET
BULLETIN BOARD SYSTEM
User's Guide
and
User* s Reference
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Water
Office of Marine and Esiuarinc Protection
Washington, DC
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This User's Guide and User's Reference was prepared under the
direction of Joseph N. Hall II, Office of Marine and Esiuarine
Protection, Office of Wซer, United Stales Environmental Protection
Agency.
The conlrtbution of Stephanie Sarzone, Margheuta Pryor, and Rebecca
Dernberger in the development of the informational structure were
invaluable. Thanks are due to Arnold Smokier for the development of
the hardware and software structure of COASTNET.
C-18
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INTRODUCTION
The Ndtional Esiuary Program (NEP) and the Near Coastal
(NCW) initiatives arc implemented through EPA Regional Offices
under guidance from the Office of Mir me and Estuurme Protection.
The Congress authorized four million dollars under the Clean Water
Act (CVA.) for four e&tuarics in I98S, expanding to six estuaries with
twelve million in 1986. The National Esiuary Program (NEP) now
encompasses 12 estuary programs and seven coastal EPQA Regions.
The NEP is tasked with protecting, maintaining and restoring esluarine
water quality and living resources. The success of this program is
dependent on the development of and transfer of management and
technical strategics among the estuary programs to accomplish these
idsks. An electronic bulletin board is one tool thai CAR provide eff tcicnl
S5, the Technical Support Division developed an inhouse
electronic bulletin board system culled "Esiuary Program Central Into
Exchange" It provided an effective method for transferring information
between HQ* and the Regions. It has served as a conduit for reports,
data, phone numbers, policy updaies and distribution of draft reports
for comments and useful microcomputer programs and databases.
COASTNET is an upgrade to that system which will ulluw concurrent
dcccss of two persons to the NEP Bulletin Board.
COASTNET will provide HCft and the Regions with sialc-of-thc-art
'instantaneous" communication, provide an alternative to telephone
ijg", up-to-date names and phone numbers of key contacts and timely
information.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgments i
Introduction ii
Ta ble of Conten ts i i i
The COASTNET Bulletin Board System. What iป it? I
CrossTalk Configuration Parameters.._...._... 2
Procomm Plus Configuration Parameters 2
Data Switch Configuration Parameters 3
Connecting to The COASTNET BBS _ 4
Changing Your Password 5
Registry of Users Information _ 6
Teleconferencing g
COASTNET Bulletin Menu 11
Electronic Mail 12
R ead Message(s) 14
Write a Message 16
E-Mail Extended Help Messages... 18
Attaching a File to a Message - 19
Mod i f y a Message 20
Erase a Message _ 21
COASTNET File Library 22
Downloading a File 24
Uploading a File 25
Appendix A: Glossary _ A-l
Appendix B: Universal User Commands, Screen Breaks and
Command Concatenation . B-l
Appendix C: On-Line Editor Entry Mode C-l
On-Line Editor Command Mode C-2
Appendix 0: Library File Definitions & Help Section
Library Information ... _ D-l
Library Information Banks D-l
Keywords and Indexes Information D-t
Card Catalog D-2
Appendix E Connecting to COASTNET via Port Selectors,
Data & Tclccommuncaiiun Switches E-l
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THE COASTNBT BULLETIN BOARD SYSTEM
WHAT IS IT?
The COASTNET Bulletin Board System (BBS) is designed to provide
rapid access and dialogue amoung marine and estuarinc protection staff
in state agencies, EPA regional offices, EPA headquarters, and EPA
Office of Water Staff.
The COASTNET Bulletin Section is like a private bulletin board which
will provide up-to-date information on upcoming program activities,
organzational contacts, and informational sources.
The Electronic Mail section is like a private post office which will
-------
CONNECTING TO THE COASTNET BBS
Before attempting to log on to The COASTNET BBS, you must first
bet the communication parameters within the communications program
that you are using.
Set your system to operate at 1200 or 2400 Baud (depends on your
modem's capabihy), 8 data bits, I stop bit, no parity and Full duplex.
If your communication program has an echo setting, set it for no echo.
The following two tables list the parameters for CrossTalk and
Procomm Plus.
TABLE I: CROSSTALK CONFIGURATION PARAMTERS
NAME: COASTNET BBS
NUMBER: 475-4296 or 475-8482 (sec note 1)
SPEED: 1200 or 2400 (see note 2)
PARITY: None
DUPLEX: Full
DATA: 8
STOP: 1
EMULATE: None
PORT: I or 2 (see note 3)
MODE: Call
TABLE 2: PROCOMM PLUS CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS
NAME: COASTNET BBS
NUMBER: 475-7296 or 47S-8482 (sec note I)
BAUD: 1200 or 2400 (see note 2)
PARITY: None
DATA BITS: 8
STOP BITS: 1
DUPLEX: Full
SCRIPT: (no entry, hit enter key to bypass)
PROTOCOL: X Mod cm
TERMINAL: Ansi
If you have a color monitor with Procomm Plus, you will receive
COASTNET in color. CrossTalk currently does not support color.
I Local csflen caa dial these number* direct They do not roll. 10 if one line it busy
try ihe other. They ซrt on ilw FTS network The area code n 202 far all other callers.
: COASTNET CM amซer at 1300 or 2400 Baud Set ihซ ipecd according 10 the
capabilities of your modem.
3 Thu it the communication port thai your modem will be oonnerieJ lo If you have
one HS232C port, ihit will be port I
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Same EPA Regions and Headquarters use a Port Selector or
Telecommunications Switch (Data Switch) instead of a modem
connected directly to the computer.
Table 3 lists the Cross Talk parameters for this set-up.
TABLE 3. CROSSTALK DATA SWITCH CONFIGURATION
PARAMETERS
NAME: Data Switch Defaults
NUMBER: Local
SPEED: 9600
PARITY: Even
DUPLEX: Full
DATA: 7
STOP: 1
EMULATE: VT-100
PORT: 2
MODE: Call
At the CrossTalk Command? prompt thypc GO LOCAL . You
may have to hit the key more than once to get the Data
Switch menu.
Follow the instructions you were given to access outside lines. Each
Port Selector (Data Switch) has their own way of dialing outside lines
through the modem bank.
The COASTNET BBS currently has two phone lines (202)475-72%
and (202)475-8482, If one line is busy try the other. They do not roll
at this lime.
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CONNECTING TO THE COASTNET BBS
Once you have set the communication parameters for your
communications program, you are ready to dial The COASTNET BBS.
Set the communication program to dial the number listed, either 475-
7296 or 475-8482.
When you connect, your computer will receive and display the
COASTNET welcome screen.
WELCOME TO THE COASTNET BULLETIN BOARD SYSTEM
SPONSORED * OPERATED BY
TUB OFFICE OP MARINE AND HSTUARINE PHOTKCTION
OFFICE OF WATER
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
401 M STREET. S.W. (WH-JS6F)
(Office located at 499 S Capitol Si.)
OPERATING 34 BOURS/DAV - 1200 OR 2400 BPS
INFORMATION CONTACT: JOSEPH N. HALL (202H7J-7IS3
TO CHANGE VOUB PASSWORD TYPE 'A* AT MAIN MENU
THEN -9' CHANGE PASSWORD AND TYPK 'X' TO EXIT BACK
TO MAIN MENU.
Pte*M enter your USER-ID:
Type in your User-ID* and hit the key.
Next you will be prompted Tor your password.
Eater your password:
Type in your password and press the key.
The SYSOP makes angnmeflU of Uwr-IDt ami pauvord* The Uicr-ID cannot be
changed. If JWB prefer a Afferent User-ID, pleatc call (he SYSOP. and tie mil try to
aceomodaic ym whin (he bmii of the lytcem software. Your pauvord can be changed
and it ii advuad to do 10 when Tim ugning on Set union on CHANGING YOUR
PASSWORD.
C-24
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The following will be displayed on your computer screen:
Grecings. >our ID. glad 10 ซee you back again
There is ocซ E-MAIL waning for you'
LIVE' From WASHINGTON, DC 20460' You have xxxxx credits'
The following services are available
T Teleconferencing
C COASTNET Bulletin Menu
E Electronic Mail
A Account display/edit
f COASTNET File Library
H Rcjinry of Uten
X Exit (icrminaie teuton)
CHANGING YOUR PASSWORD
To change your password type the teller A for Account display/edit
and the key.
The Account display/edit screen will took something like this:
Lscr-ID jour 10
Account Created 01/32/90
l.ail Logon .... 07/01/90
I Name .... Your Full Ni
2 Company .. Your Company
J Addr Lin* 1 ... Your Strew Addreia
4 Addr Line 2 .. Your Oiy, Slate. Zip
5 Phone Number Your work phone number
6 System Type . IBM PC or compatible (A.NSI)
7 Screen Width . 80
H Screen Length .. 24
9 Age 0
10. So
II. PauvOftJ (MI tfspUycd. for iccuniy reason*)
13. Cmfcu 199QQ9Q940
linur the line number of ihe item you ith to change or X 10 exit
C-25
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Type II, (he Password line, and press ihc key.
The next prompt will a*k you for your new password.
Eater your new password:
Type in your NEW PASSWORD and press the key. You can
type in upper or lower case, as the system will recognize your
password in either case.
The system will next display the following message:
: WRITE TBISNBW PASSWORD DOWN aad do oo* let .
die kooซ ibat it is. Tftia ia jour ONLY PROTECTION agaiaat other
people tracking your aaปnal. There ซnU be aalbiBf anyone ca* do tor
yoB il yo> either biget yoซr paaavord of pซซ it out to weaaoM who
thซyldn*( have it.
yew pamortf i* TOUR RESPONSIBILITY. V jo* faoe it,
you are 'up the creek'. WRITE IT DOWN.
^Afe recommend that you change your password every quarter to protect
your account from being compromised.
You will next be prompted to:
Eater the line number of the Hen you waat to cbaagc, or X to
exit:
Check the rest of the information in your account Is it correct? If not
change any line by type the line number and touching the
key. Type in the correct information and touch the key. Type
X to return to the MAIN MENU prompt.*
REGISTRY OF USERS INFORMATION
From the MAIN MENU type R to enter the Registry of
Users. The following menu will appear:
Do MI M caacmicd vitft linn 9. 10. A 12 Age will n*ayi iho* up a 0. Sซx u
blank Credit* are required for each user including the SYSOP to K..-CSC ilw tysinn
( rcdiu we lacrcated to the maximum amount each day
C-26
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The following Registry service* are available
C *> General information
D ป Directory of uicn in Registry
( DA' to (tan at beginning)
Y => Create YOUR entry
L ป> Look-up another user's entry
X ป> Exit to main menu
Select a letter from the above list
Type Y
What is your job title? Type your tttie.
What is the name of your company? Type \our company name.
Where are you located (city and state)? Type your city A ttate
What is your voice phone numbers: Type up 10 2 phone numbea
What is your FAX number? Type your FAX number or N/A if none
Ok. now you can enter a brief (39 characters max.) summary of
yourself for others to see in the directory (option "D" from the
Registry menu).
Please eater yoปr summary line: Type your information here
Ok, yow emiry hat bee* added to the database, Thanks for your
participation!
C-27
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Type X to return to the Registry menu.
Type ? to display the Registry menu.
Note that the selection Y has changed from Create YOUR entry" to
Edit YOUR entry". This Function is to be used when you have lo
change, update, your registry database.
Type X to retun lo the Main menu prompt. At the Main
menu prompi, type ? to display the Main menu help list.
You *re logged in 10 The COASTNET Bulletin Board System
You are looking at ihc System Mam Menu We support a wide variety of
online services please feel free to select any one you like
The following service! arc available:
T Teleconferencing
C COASTNET Bulletin Menu
E Electronic Mail
A .. Account display /edit
F . COASTNET File Ubrary
R Registry of Users
X .. Eat (terminate session)
Pka
select one of the letters shown, and press RF.TLRN
TELECONFERENCING
The teleconferencing feature allows several users to converse with one
another from iheir PCs. Whatever one user types is sent lo all other
users on the same teleconference channel, identifying the user il came
from. At present this BBS has the ability to handle three users, two
on phone lines and the SYSOP at ihe BBS terminal.
When you first enter Teleconferencing, by typing T from the
mam menu you tune in" lo channel 1. You are notified who else is
on that channel. You can also type ? for help.
A user entering the Teleconferencing section is prompted with a colon
":". Whea a user types a message, followed by a Carriage Return
(X thai message is broadcast to the user on the other line.
In the Teleconferencing section the following special commands are
to the user:
C-28
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This will let thซ user know who else is on his teleconferencing
channel by listing the User-Id.
PACiE
This will broadcast a message lo the user on the other line requesting
attendance. Paging the SYSOP when the SYSOP is not on line causes
one's User-Id on the User Matrix of the Operator Console to blink.
The optional message, if used, is sent to the recipient's screen along
with the page announcement.
PAGE ON/QFF/QK
Allows/prevenis/encourages others lo page you.
PAGE ON: Enables a user to be paged or to receive chat requests.
This is the the log-on default situation. Paging may only lake place
once in 2 minutes.
PAGE OFF: This prevents a user from being paged b> another user.
It also prevents another user from requesting to CHAT with the user.
PAGE OK: This allows a user lo receive pages or chat requests as
often as other users care to issue them.
WHISPER TO
In this way, a user can send a message to just one other user. No one
else on the teleconferencing channel will be aware of I he exchange.
/<[/serfD>
This is the shorthand form of the whisper command.
CHANNEL *
Switch to another channel. User must specify the channel number.
CHANNEL
Shows the current channel number
CHAT
This command allows two users lo enter "chat mode" where two users
can converse directly with one another.
C-29
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SCAN
Shows a directory of (he other users in Teleconferencing, and if they
are "listed", what channels they are using.
UNL1ST
This prevents a user's teleconference channel from being seen by
others when the scan command is issued, except if the user is on
channel I.
LIST
This allows a user's teleconference channel number to be seen by
others when the scan command is issued.
MODERATE
Sets conference topic and makes you the moderator.
APPOINT
Allows the moderator to appoint another user as moderator.
SQUELCH
The moderator can silence any other user on the teleconference channel
by squelching. That user will no longer be able to communicate on
(hat channel until the moderator un-squclches the uaer or the user logs
off. The SYSOP can also squelch and un-squclch users.
UNSOUELSH
The moderator and the SYSOP can permit a squelched user to
communicate again with this command.
EXIT, or iuat X
This takes the user out of the teleconference section and back to The
CO AST NET BBS Main menu.
* The** command* are of no real value until CO AST NET adds more linn. At present
(here are only two phone line*. You will be advised ai more Imci become available.
C-30
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COASTNET BULLETIN MENU
You arc logged in 10 The COASTNET Bulletin Board System
You dre looking at the System Main Menu We support a ปiJe variety of
online services -- please feel free to select any one you like
The following service* arc available.
T Teleconferencing
C ... COASTNET Bulletin Menu
E Electronic Mat!
A Account display /edit
f COASTNET File Library
R Registry of liters
X EMI {terminate session)
Please select one of (he letters shown and preu RETURN
To enter the COASTNET Bulletin Menu type C and you will
be presented with the list of COASTNET Bulletins.
I he COAVI'NLI Bulletin Uoard Syxem
COASTNET BULLETIN MENU
I About COASINbT
I National Estuar> Program
3 Near Coastal Water*
4 C^cmUr of Activities
5 Legislative Updates
6 Weekly Activity Reports
1 . Workgroup*
8 Documents Available
9 Directory
Select an option, or * (or help-
Type ihe number of the bulletin you wish to read followed by the
key. The bulletin will scroll on your display one screen at a
lime. To fo 10 the next screen ju&i press any key on >our keyboard.
To return to the Main Menu type X .
For a list of auxiliary commands type ?
C-31
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The additional commands available when in the bulletin menu section
are:
- Refresh screen, sec full menu text.
X Exit one menu level (10 parent menu).
EXIT - Exit to the system Main Menu.
GO - Go directly to a page (e.g. GO TOP).
PAUSE - Toggle pausing at screen boundaries.
FIND (stg) - Find a specific topic of interest.
USERS - List all users online at the moment.
RECENT - List users recently logged off.
All bulletins can be downloaded in ASCII or WordPerfect format. See
COASTNET File Library section on downloading to your system.
ELECTRONIC MAIL
This action allows users to leave messages for other users. When a
user has incoming mail, the user is so notified at log-on lime. The
user should then access (he Electronic Mail Section from the main
menu, read the mail and answer if required. The message remains on
file, accessible to both sender and recipient, until the recipient chooses
to delete it. The user is given the choice to delete a message each
time it is read.
You are logged in to The-COASTNET Bulletin Board System.
You ire looking at the Syuem Main Menu. We lupport a wide variety of
online tcrvicci -- pleat* feel free to select any one you like.
The following services arc available:
T Teleconferencing
C COASTNET Bulletin Menu
B . . Elect ionic Mail
A Account display/edit
F COASTNET File Library
R Registry of Users
X . Exit (terminate session)
Item select one of the letter* tltewn, and preu REItRN;
An Electronic Mail message consists of the following parts:
Message Number An arbitrary number assigned when
the message is first written.
C-32
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Topic Up to 40 characters long (including
spaces).
Sender This is a user who writes and sends
the message.
Recipient This is the user thai is identified by
I he sender to receive the message.
Message Up to 1920 characters long,
including spaces and one extra
terminator character per line.
Attachment This is a Tile that ihc sender of a
message may upload for the
rcadcr(s) of the message to
download.
Return receipt option When the sender chooses this option,
he is notified, by return receipt,
when the recipient reads the
message.
When the user types E from ihc Main Menu the following
information is displayed on his screen:
The following L-Vlail services are available:
R -> Read meuage(i)
W > Wnie a menage
M ซ> Modify a menage
E => Eraic a menage
X -> Exit from E-Mail
Select * Utter from the above liu. or * for more info:
If you select the ? for more info you will be presented with the
following:
Anyone caa read electronic mail addressed to themselves, or
write mail addressed to the SYSOP. Only "live" users caa write
messages to other users.
A message may have a file "attached" to it: the message sender
can upload a Tile, which is downloaded by the recipient Message
"forwarding", "return receipts", and a "ccr" (carbon copy) feature
are also available.
C-33
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When yam log on, you are automatically notified if any messages
are waiting for you. Yon should erase your messages after you
read them, so that you will not be bothered with reading your
old messages over and over. Messages arc automatically purged
when 10 days old ia any case.
Read Messagcfs)
To read messages, select type R . The BBS will ask if you
want to:
Read messages (T)o you, (F)rom you, or ? for help:
If you select the ? Tor help, you will be presented with:
Select one of the following letien:
I to read meuign TO you
F 10 read metugei FROM yon
X co mam w ita main E-Matt menu
(( Note tnai you can include your tettaton from ihn menu en the ))
{( same line with your 'R" (election from the main E-Mail menu. ))
ซ ))
ซ For example, type 'fCT from the main E-Mail menu 10 read the )|
ซ menage* TO you (R tor Read. T far Tot. Better yet lypr T.RT" )|
(( from the SYSTEM main menu to go straight mio scanning your )|
(( ici'bwfcci after toggm* on (E fat t-Mtatl. R tot Rtซi. T for To.))
(( and '.' (penod) 10 nan cull the Tint of your neซ meuafci. ))
Read metugei (T)o you. (F)ram you, or X to exit:
Type T to read all messages to you and the screen will
display:
Enter message number to start with, or T Tor help
(Just hit RETURN to start wilh message *36):
Hit (he key and your screen will display something like:
f 3ft Ot-FEB-90 08:39 Proa Ara Toi Sysop R8R ATT
Re: COASTNET DRAFT DOCS (Reply to #30)
(N)eit, (P)revious, or (R)ead this message?
C-34
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What docs this all mean?
#38 This is the message number.
08-FEB-90 08:39 Date and time message was written. Time
is military time.
From: Arn The sender's User-Id.
To: Sysop The recipient's User-Id.
RRR Return receipt was requested. The sender
receives a notification (message) when the
recipient reads this message.
ATT The sender of this message has uploaded
a file and attached it to this message for
the recipient to download.
Re: COASTNET This is the message topic.
DRAFT DOCS.
Reply to #30 This says that this message is a reply to
message #30 sent by Sysop to Arn.
Typing R will display the message on the screen. When you
reach the end of the message you will be given several choices.
(R)cply and erase, just (E)rase, (F)orward it, (P)revious or
/ Ikf \._ ป_ *
(R)eply and erase: Answer the message and erase il,
(E)rase: Erase the message with no reply or other option.
(F)orward it: This option allows the recipient of the message to
forward il to another user. Just one user can be specified with this
option. The forwarded message is identical in terms of message
content, topic, and attachment. The sender is unchanged, and the
identity of the original recipient (the user who is fowarding the
message) appears in a parenthetical note after the topic.
umi or (N)eit Answering P or N scans other mcs&ugv*, just a&
in the question after the summary.
If the sender of a message has uploaded an attachment the recipient
wiil see the following mcssase on his display after the message has
been read.
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Would you like to diaplay or download the file now (Y/N)?
Answering Y for YES w.ll display ihc download screen.
Select one of (he following
I ASCII Text display
2 XMODEM download
3 XMODEM-CRC download
4 Ymodem-CRC download
(I he operation will begin ax soon as you type a digit and press RETURN )
Indicate your choice, or " for help
Your communication program must support these downloading
protocols. CrossTalk supports I and i Procomm Plus supports all Tour.
If the Tile is an ASCII text file you can view the Tile on your screen,
one screen at a time, because the file will automatically be paused
after each screenful. By typing 1C, you can download the ASCII text
file using the "capture" or "log" feature of your communications
program. After the download you can:
(Rjcply and erase, just (E)rase, (F)orward it, (P)rcvious or (Nfcxl?
Write a Message
When the user type W the following question appears:
User-Id to send message to (hit RETURN for "Sysop"):
If you do not know or remember thu User-Id EXIT back to the Main
menu, type R to enter the Registry database, and type DA for a listing
of those who are in the Registry.
As noted, to send a message to the SYSOP just hit the key.
To send a message to anyone else, type the User-Id and hit the
cEntcr> key. You will then be asked for the message topic.
Enter the topic of this message (40 chars.):
Type the topic and press the .
C-36
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The on-line editor will be activated and the following will be shown
on your screen:
Your message can be up to 1920 characters long. When done,
type OK oo a line by itself. (Or, lype /S to save and proceed,
without editing).
The on-line screen editor allows the user 10 lype in text same as on a
typewriter. There are two editor modes, the Entry Mode and the
Command Mode. See appendix for explanation of both modes.
When the user is finished typing the message, he types OK at
(he beginning of the next line and the system will display the
EDITOR MENU.
bUITOR OPTIONS
S)a>e mcuage RVe-iype a Line
A)ppend message Djcletc line
Dm menage l}nten line.
Help it available ปn the following functions
S => Saving your menage to Continuing mill input (append)
L ซ> Listing your message v/line t\
C *> Changing a itrmg o( text
R ป> Rc-iyping a tingle line
D => Deleting line of teat
I => Insertin line{ซ) of test
N -> Sianing ovtr vith new slate
T => Changing the topic of your mcuagc
0 -> Quilting thu edit teuton
Cheat* aa opcioai fram the above litt lor help.
C-37
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E-MAIL EXTENDED HELP MESSAGES
Extended on screen help is available by selecting the letter of the help
message you wish to review.
The S)avc function wilt record your message to disk a ad exit >ou
from the editor. You may quick-save your message directly while in
the input mode by entering a .S or /S on a blank line.
The A)ppcnd message function allows you 10 continue entering your
message from where you last left off.
The L)ist message function will display your message on the screen
with line numbers for your editing convenience.
The Qhange function allows you to replace a portion of text in any
line. Instead of re-typing an entire line because of a misspelled word,
you may relace the incorrect word or phrase with the correct one.
The R)c-type function allows you to re-type an entire line of text, and
will replace the old line with a new one.
The D)clcte function allows you to delete a line of text from your
message.
The l)nscrt linซ(s) function allows you to insert line* of text in front
of any specific line in your message. To add a line or lines after the
last line, use the A)ppcnd function.
The N)cw message function allows you to import a new copy of
another message, to use as a starting point for further editing. You can
also use this feature to make "photocopies" of a message for people
other than Che original recipient, or to customize "form letter" messages
ihat you keep on hand for this purpose. Only messages that are
FROM YOU can be imported.
Another option of the N)cw message function is to clear your edit
area so that you can start your message over from scratch. This clears
the current message from your buffer and lets you begin again with a
clean slate.
The T)opic change option lets you rc-cnicr the message topic line.
The Q)ttti option allows you to exit the Editor Session.
Fntcr just the letter X on a line by itself, to exit the editor at any
ume. If >ou arc writing a message for the first lime, it will not be
vu\cd. If you are modifying a message, any chimgcs you made will
not be updated to disk.
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ATTACHING A FILE TO A MESSAGE
Once the message is saved the user 15 given (he option of dltdching a
I ilc lo the message. This is also known as uploding a Tile 10 be
atidchcd to the message.
Do you wish to "attach* a file to this message (Y/N)?
Answering Y displays the Upload Menu.
Select an upload method.
I regular ASCII text
2 XMODEM
3 XMODEM-CRC
4 YMODEM-CRC
Indicate your choice, or ' for help-
For help press the ? followed by the key and you
will sec:
You may "upload" a file from your machine lo the
BBS, and it will become attached to the message you
just created, which meant thai the person who reads
the message will be able to download the file
afterwards. The upload process can be accomplished
using your choice of protocols:
1 ... regular ASCII text: use this to simply type the file in,
from your keyboard, one line at a lime.
2 ... XMODEM: use the original "Christcnsen protocol' lo
transfer the file lo the BBS, reasonably well-protected
from errors.
3 ... XMODEM-CRC use the more reliable "CRC" form of
XMODEM to transfer the file to the BBS.
4 ... Y MO DEM: use the faster (IK blocked) form of
XMODEM-CRC to transfer the file to the BBS.
Note that methods 2, 3, and 4 require you to invoke the
corresponding upload software on your end of the line, after
choosing a number here.
C-39
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To upload a file using methods 2 to 4 requires thai the user have the
appropriate communications software. CrossTalk XVI supports only
methods 1 and 2. Procomm Plus supports all four methods.
If the user uploads using method one. then at the end of the upload
on the next blank line the user needs to type OK <ฃntcr> to end this
mode of upload.
The next question asked by the system before the message is saved is:
Do you want a "return receipt" when this message is read (Y/N)7
If the user answers Y for yes to this option, he will get back a return
receipt message when the message is read by the recipient.
The message is then saved and the BBS will cause to be displayed on
the user's screen a confirmation message.
<ซ CONFIRMED: MESSAGE #124 WRITTIIN TO DISK >ป
The user is then asked if the message is to be copied to another user.
Do you want to tend * copy of this message lo anyone (Y/NJT
T>ping Y bring up the User-Id prompt:
Enter a User-Id or SIG lo copy this message (cc:) to:
The confirmation message is displayed and the next question appears.
<ซ CONHRMBD: MESSAGE #124 COPIED TO ซ 122 SENT TO 'Vttrlf ป>
Do JQU ซ! lo tend copy of I hi* cMagc to anyone etoc (Y/N)?
You can send up to thirty copies of the message to thirty users.
Modify
When the user types M from the Electronic Mail menu, he is
dskcd for a message number. If the user doesn't recall the message
number, he can type "RF." from, the Electronic Mail menu, and scan
through his outgoing messages that are still on file, to find the
message number of the message to be changed. The user can then
type M and the message number, This will onvokc the on-line
editor with the following menu displayed on the screen:
C-40
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bUITOR OPTION
Sljve message Rte-typc a line
Atppend message 0)elcte a line
l.)isi message Ijnsert line(j)
C)hdflgc text N)ew message
ll)elp T)opie change
Select an option from the above list
See Appendix C, On-Line Editor, for instructions on using the Editor.
Only the topic and body text of the message can be modified. The
recipient, attachment, and return receipt option may not be modified. If
a user has forwarded a message lo several other users, each message
has to be modified individually. Forwarded message have their own
message number and are listed separately when the user scans
messages FROM YOU.
Erase a Message
To erase a message the user type E from the Electronic Mail
menu. He ts then asked for the message number. If the user types the
number of a message the he wrote, or that was written to him, that
message is deleted. Only the sender and recipient of a message are
able to erase (delete) the message.
C-41
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COASTNBT FILE LIBRARY
You are logged m to The COASTNET Bulletin Board System
You are looking ai the System Main Menu. We support a wide variety of
online services please feel free to select any one you like
The fallowing services are available:
T Teleconferencing
C COASTNET Bulletin Menu
E Electronic Mail
A Account display /edit
P COASTNET Pile Library
R Registry of User*
X Km (terminate session)
Please select one of ine letters shown, and press RETURN
The COASTNET library facility allows you to download or upload
files. Files are organized into library information banks, or LIBV Files
are tagged with descriptions and keywords. You can search for a file
through its keywords or specify it directly by its name.
From the main menu type F to enter the COASTNET File
Libray section. You screen will then display the available services.
The following Library service! are available:
G => General Information
S -> Select a LIB (type V for a list)
F ป> File directory
D ป> Download a file (or just search for one)
U > Upload a file
Current LIB MAIN The MAIN LIB
4 new uploads this week
Select a letter from the above list (or X to CMI):
The default LIB is The Main LIB. The system also displays the
number of new files thai were uploaded during the week.
Taping G from this menu places you into the on-screen help
section. See Appendix D for more information.
C-42
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For an on-screen listing of the current LIBs lypc S? . The
luting will show the name of the LIB, the number of files ech LIB
contains and a short description of the LIB.
The Library Information Banks currently on the system are:
LIB
FILES Description
MAIN
OIRA
DIRB
DIRC
DIRD
DIRE
DIRF
DIRG
DIRH
DIRI
DIRJ
DIRK
DIRL
DIRM
DIRN
DIRO
DIRP
DIRO
DIRR
DIRS
S The Main LIB
S Policy
3 Program Management
2 National Estuary Program SOW's
2 Data Management
2 Financing Environmental Programs
4 Quality Assurance
2 Risk Assessment
3 Public Involvement
2 Grant Regulations (Section 320)
2 Toxicants
2 Habitat Loss
2 Living Resources
2 Pathogens
2 COASTNET Newsletters
20 Bulletins for Downloading
2 Proceedings to Major Activities
3 General Documents
4 PC Applications
6 Legislature
To change from one LIB to another type S . Eg.
Tp go from the MAIN LIB to the LIB called DIRS Legislature type S
DIRS .
You screen will display general information on LIB DIRS.
LIB DIRS. Legislature
Com JIM. 6 MCI 1 22383 bytes
Capacity: X fila SOOOO byte* (30000 bytes maximum per upload)
Created: 02/01/90 00:48:08
brill Matin reportt, compansins of pcnUig coastal legislation.
Icptlativc analyses.
Current LIB: OIRS Lepilature
Select a Library option (C.S.F.O.L'.X or " for help).
C-43
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To list (he files in LIB DIRS type F . The system will display
the file directory in alpha order of LIB DIRS.
HLE DIRECTORY OF LIB DIRS Legislature
File Byies Source Description
B1LLS.ASC
BILLS WP
CZMCOMP.WP
FILES
INDEX
WQCOMPWP
10496 Sywp
I ISM Sywp
29056 Sysop
722 Sywp
1669 SyMp
69120 Syiop
122183 bytes
6 file*
Siaiui of Coastal Legislation (ASCII)
Status of Coastal Legislation (WPSO)
Companion of CZM Bills (WPJO)
File Director) of the 'DIRS' LIB
Index of Tiles in the 'DIRS' LIB
Comparison of Water Quality Bills
(WPSO)
Current LIB. DIRS Leplature
Select Library option (G.S.F.D.UX or ? for help)
The user can now download one of the listed files. To download type
D and your screen will display the command line:
File aaoic(s). keyword, date (MM/DD/YY), or days ago (-DD):
To download the file BILLS.ASC type the file name BILLS.ASC
. Your screen will display.
File BILLS.ASC Siaiu* of coastal legislation (ASCII)
Daie 02/01/90 From- Sysop Downloads:
Time 03-22 22 Sue. 10496 bytes Download time:
about I minute
Keywords: bill* legislation plaMin
Summary of currently pending coastal legislation in the IIOLSE and
SENATE
L -> Liu this file, one screen at a time \ Use these options
A -> Download 11 using ASCII mi protocol / only on ASCII files
M --> Download uan| XMODEM
C -> Download using XMODEM-CRC
V -> Download uang YMODEM
Z -> Download using ZMODEM
S > Search for another file
R > Review the dcscnonon of ih.s file
What do you want to do next? (Type 'X* to exit or ' for help)-
C-44
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Typing L send I he Tile to your screen, one *crxxn di * time.
You "hit any key" to view the next screen. This is similar lo viewing
a bulletin in the COASTNET Bulletin section, except that you can
EXIT (typing X ) after any screen.
Typing A sends the Tile to your computer in a steady ASCII
stream. First you have to invoke the "capture on" or "log on" facility
of (he communication program that you are using. Ctrl S (XOFF) will
pduse the sending of the data and Crtl Q (XON) will resume. Hitting
(he key aborts.
M, C, Y, & Z are binary or non-ASCII data Irasfcr methods.
CrossTalk supports only M for XMODEM Procomm Plus supports all
four.
To download in the XMODEM binary format, type M at the
"What do you want lo do next?" prompt.
You will receive the following message:
Ready lo begin XMODEM download (CTRL-X lo cancel)...
You must now invoke the download procecdure on your end.
When the download is completed you will get a message saying that
the download has been successful followed by the library option
prompt.
Select a Library option (G,S,F,D,U,X, or ? for help):
To upload a file, thai is transfering a file from your system lo The
COASTNET BBS, type U . You will be prompted for the file
name.
Name of file to upload (or '' for multiple files):
Vfc will deal with the single file upload as thai is all ihc CorssTalk
will support.
Type the file name and extension if any. The system will then ask
you for a short description.
Type in a short (40 char) _
description of your file:
After typing the short description, you will prompted to type in a
lunger description.
Now plcaae type a longer description of your file. You nay use
up to 320 characters (about 4 lines). When you arc done, type a
single line with only the word 'OK* on it.
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If you do not wish to furnish a longer description type OK
on the next blank line.
You will next be prompted to type in "keywords" for your file.
Please type in the keywords Tor your file, indicating the file's
content or subject. If you don't know our conventions for
keywords, please type '?'. When done typing your keywords,
type ' . '
Keyword I: >
No kcyword(s) type . <ฃnter>. Your screen will now display the
upload protocols that you can use.
A --> ASCII text protocol
M --> XMODI:M protocol
C --> XMODEM protocol with CRC
Z --> ZMODEM protocol
Select a owl hod (ram thit lift for uploading your file.
For example you want to upload a file called FVI26.EXE to the
MAIN LIB. Type U . Then type the file name FVI26.EXE
. Next the description, File Viewer version 1.26 . You
do not want to furnish a longer description, so just type OK .
There are no keywords, therefore type . . To set The
COASTNET BBS to receive the file you now have 10 designate what
protocol to use. For this example the XMODEM protocol will be used.
Now type M . Your screen will display the message:
Beginning XMODEM upload...
Now invoke the upload proccedure from your computer. For CrossTatk,
at the Command? prompt type XX Skiamtexi . For Procomm
Plus, press the Page Up key and answer the prompts. When the
upload has been received by the BBS, your screen will display a
message similar to:
UPLOAD COMPLETE
File PVI26.EXE Pile Viewer version 1.26
Date: 02/15/90 From: Am
Time: 20:47:26 Size 7168 bytes
Keywords:
C-46
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You will also be given a chance to change curtain items on the file
you have just uploaded. The following question will be displayed on
your screen:
Would you like to change anything about your file?
Answering Y will give you the following options:
You have uploaded the file "FVI26.EXE" onto the -MAIN" LIB,
so you may:
S > Change the Short Description
L > Change the Long Description
K. --> Change the Keywords
U --> Upload the file all over again
Select one of the letters (or '?' to review, or 'X* to exit):
Answering N displays the following message and togs the file
in to the LIB that was chosen.
Thank you for uploading file "FV126.EXE". It is BOW available
for other users to download. By the way, you may change this
file, retype its descriptions, change iU keywords, or delete it, by
trying to re-upload it.
Creating file...
Inserting new keywords
File -FVI16.EXE" has been logged into the "MAIN" LIB.
Current LIB: MAIN The Main LIB
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APPENDIX A
GLOSSARY
ASCII American Standard Code for Information
Exchange. This standard defines the character
representation used by microcomputers
BAUD A unit of signalling speed representing
modulations per second. Technically speaking it
is different from bits-pcr-second in some modem
protocols, but the term is frequently used
interchangeably with BPS.
BPS Bits Per Second. The eight data bits of each
communicated byte are cradled between the start
and stop bit, so there are actually ten bit-times
needed to carry one byte of data. That means
that the byte-rate, or bytes per second is one
tenth of the BPS rate.
BBS or A central system that provides a dial-up service
BULLETIN to computers that may be separated by small or
BOARD SYSTEM great distances. Services may include: access to
data, exchange of data, E-Mail, multi-user access,
uploading and downloading of programs and or
information, and so on.
DOWNLOAD Transfer a file from The COASTNET BBS to
the user's system.
KBYTES 1024 8-bit bytes.
LOG OFF The disconnection of a users from The
COASTNET BBS by "exiting" from the main
menu.
LOG ON The connection of a user to The COASTS ET
BBS when the user supplies the correct User-Id
aod password.
MAIN MENU The main pick-list of user services, such as
teleconferencing, electronic mail, bulletin section
and file section.
A-l
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A-2
MESSAGE Text written from one user to another user
MODEM Short for modulator-demodulator. This is a piece
of hardware (hat allows the computer to talk"
over the phone.
ON-LINE A user has logged on to the COASTNET BBS
and is making menu selections, doing file
transfers, etc.
SESSION The period between logging on and logging off
START BIT A bit (always 0) transmuted just before the first
data bit, to synchronize the receiver.
STOP BIT A bit (always I) transmitted jusl after the last
data bit, insuring that there will be a l-to-0
transmission at the beginning of the Start Bit.
SYSOP Short for system operator.
UPLOAD Transfer a file from a user's system to Che
COASTNET BBS.
USER Owner of a system or terminal who acesses The
COASTNET BBS via modems and a telephone
line.
USER-ID Name or "handle" by which a user is known to
The COASTNET BBS, or to other users on-line.
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APPENDIX B
UNIVERSAL USER COMMANDS
Some of ihc commands thai a user types are treated in a consistanl
manner throughout The COASTNET BBS. They are:
? Help. This is a user's request for help. The BBS
sends to the screen the appropriate help message.
X Means EXIT. This is the user* request for a way
out. The user is taken back to the previous menu.
Eventually the user will return to the log-off
menu.
, also Suspend command. Holding the Ctrl key down
known as and then the S key stops the BBS. This is useful
when the user wants lo slop the screen for a
moment. Typing any key resumes the output.
This is an abort message to the computer. Only
the current block of output is chopped off.
This aborts all output. When the BBS is sending
long text to the user, the output is aborted if the
user hits the key.
SCREEN BREAKS
If a prompt or series of messages to a user is longer than will fit on
his screen, he is shown only one screen at a time with the message:
ซ bit any key ป
at the bottom of each screen, giving the user time lo read each screen
one at a time.
COMMAND CONCATENATION
When men become proficient with (he BBS, they can enter a stream
of menu selections all at once. E.g.: after logging on the user may
want to read their incoming E-Mail. They can do this by typing EFT
from the Main Menu, which stands for Elcctonic mail / Read
messages / written Ib that user / starting with I he first message. This
answers four questions at once, instead of one at a lime. The
maximum of six commands that can be concatenated this way.
B-l
C-50
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APPENDIX C
ON-LINE EDITOR
Entry Mode
When the user types the body of a brand new message, he is in the
Entry Mode. Text eniry is like typing on a typewriter, typing line after
line of a message. Text entry is automatically "word wrapped" so that
the user need not hit at the end of each line within a
paragraph. If the user types in an "empty" line (hits the key
when the cursor is at the left margin) then the editor gives a brief
help message but no text is added to the message. To add a blank
line to (he message the user needs to type a space (hil the space bar
once) and hit the key from the left margin.
While in ENTRY mode, if a user He types in a Meaning:
wants to: single line with
only this on it:
Switch to COMMAND mode, OK end-of-
message
Exit the editor and save the message, /S save
Exit the editor, throwing away any X exit
changes to the message since the
editor was last started,
C-l
C-51
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ON-LINE EDITOR
Command Mode
When the user enters Command Mode, the editor menu is displayed:
I.DITOR OPTIONS
S)avc menage
A)pptnd mcstage
DISI mcuage
C)hange text
H)clp
R)ซ-iype a line
D)elete line
l)nicn line(i)
N)cw message
T)opปe change
Select an option from the above list
The short form of the command menu is:
Select ao editor option (S,A,L,C,H,R,D,I,N,T, or ? for mean):
While in Command mode, if a He types in the Meaning:
user wants to: following
command:
Switch to Entry mode (picking
up at the end of the messageX
Exit the editor and save the
message,
Exit the editor, throwing away
any changes to the message
since (he user last started the
editor,
append
save
exit
C-2
C-52
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APPENDIX D
LIBRARY FILE DEFINITIONS & HELP SECTION
LIBRARY INFORMATION
The library facility allows the user 10 download or upload files. Files
are organized into Library Information Banks, or LIB's. Files are
lagged with descriptions and keywords. You can search Tor a Tile
through its keywords, or specify it directly by its name.
From ihe Library Menu, you may select a specific LIB, list the files it
contains, search for a file based on its keywords and the download it,
or upload your own file into the LIB.
LIBRARY INFORMATION BANKS
LIB's arc designed to organize information in The COASTNET BBS
Library. Each LIB represents a unique sphere of interest in which you
nuy retrieve (download) or contribute (upload) data The specialization
associated with a LIB allows you to zero in on your specific needs,
and frees you from interaction with data in which you have no
interest.
Think of a LIB as a section or your neighborhood library. In the
humanities section you would find the classic works of the
philosophers Gobineau and Gocrte. If you were researching the
metabolism of pilot whales, you would go to the science section. Just
as each section of a traditional library has a special i/cd purpose, the
LIB's of The COASTNET BBS Library support a high degree of
specialisation.
When you select a LIB, you have access to all files in that LIB.
When you select the main LIB (named "MAIN") you have access to
all files in the library.
KEYWORDS AND INDEXES INFORMATION
Keywords are attached to each file in the Library so that the file can
be referenced by its content or subject. In INDEX is a list of files,
sorted by these keywords. In the MAIN LIB, the file "INDEX.- is the
Master Index: a list, by keyword, of all files in ihc entire library. In
the other LIB's, the file named 'INDEX." is a list, by keyword, of
ihe files in that LIB. Newly uploaded files will not appear in the
INDEX of ihe MAIN or other LIBs until 3.00AM, which is when the
BBS performs the scheduled cleanup.
D-l
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COMMANDS
D \INDEX. L
D MA1NMNDEX. L
D
S D
S MAIN D
Complete description of a file in current
LIB.
(you must include the period " ." in the
file name).
Complete dcscripiion of Tile in a specific
LIB.
KEYWORD SORTED INDEXES OF
FILES
Index of all files in ihc current LIB.
Index of all files in the LIB.
Master Index of all files in the library.
KEYWORD DRIVEN SEARCHES
Search for a files, based on its keywords,
within the current LIB.
Search for a file, based on its keywords,
within a specific LIB. Side effect:
is selected.
Search for a file, based on its* key words,
across the entire library. Side effect:
MAIN LIB is selected.
D-3
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APPENDIX E
CONNECTING TO COASTNET VIA PORT
SELECTORS. DATA or TELECOMMUNICATIONS
SWITCHES
Some Regions use a Port Selector, also known as a Data Switch or
Telecommunications Switch, instead of a modem. The computer is hard
wired directly to this device along with many other terminals or PCs.
CrossTalk is used as the communications software to access the switch.
From your main menu select CrossTalk. The parameters that are
displayed on the CrossTalk screen should be set as outlined in Table
3, Page 3.
When you have connected with the Switch you should receive a
READY or CONNECTED message, hold the Ctrl key down and hit
the letter E. Release both keys and hit (he key. You should
get the message "HELLO I'M READY". Type D followed by the
phone number and . Ex.: D 8k20247S-7t82 . The
system should tell you it is dialing.
Some Switches will present you with a menu when you connect.
Choose MODEM . You should get a CONNECTED message
displayed on your screen with and asterisk () on the next blank line.
Type D followed by the COASTNET phone number. Ex..
WIC1-S1400012 CONNECTED TO 3671/02
At the Asterisk Prompt type D followed by the phone number:
D 475-7132
The system will tell you that it is DIALING...
When connected to The COASTNET Bulletin Board System your
screen will display the welcome message as illustrated on page 4.
Follow COASTNET log-on procedures. Enter your User-ID and then
your Password.
E-l
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Attachment D
Puget Sound
John Armstrong
-------
PUGET SOUND ESTUARY PROGRAM
PROTOCOLS/GUIDELINES
GENERAL QA/QC
STATION POSITIONING
SEDIMENT CONVENTIONAL PARAMETERS
. ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN MARINE
SEDIMENT AND TISSUES
. METALS IN MARINE WATER, SEDIMENT
AND TISSUES
. BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE
ASSEMBLAGES
D-l
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. SEDIMENT BIOASSAYS
. FISH PATHOLOGY
MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDIES
. CONVENTIONAL WATER QUALITY
VARIABLES AND METALS IN FRESH
WATERS
. SAMPLING SOFT BOTTOM DEMERSAL FISH
BY BEACH SEINE AND TRAWL
. CONVENTIONAL MARINE WATER COLUMN
VARIABLES
. MARINE MAMMAL TISSUE SAMPLING AND
ANALYSIS
D-2
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THE PUGET SOUND AMBIENT MONITORING PROGRAM
SEDIMENT
Sediment Chemistry
Bioassays
Benthic Invertebrates
WATER COLUMN
Temperature
Salinity
Dissolved Oxygen
Turbidity
Nutrients
Chlorophyll
Pathogen Indicators
Odors, Floatablcs, Spills
FISH
Toxic Chemicals in Fish
Fish Disease
Fisheries Harvests and Slock Assessments
D-3
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SHELLFISH
Shellfish Abundances
Toxic Chemicals in Shellfish
PSP in Shellfish
Bacteria in Shellfish
Aquaculture Sites and Yields
BIROS
Avian Abundances
Waterfowl Harvests
MARINE MAMMALS
Marine Mammal Abundances
Tissue Contamination
NEARSHORE HABITAT
Eelgrass Meadows
Kelp Beds
Fringing Marshes
FRESHWATER
Flow in Rivers and Streams
Conventional Parameters in the Water Column
Metals in the Water Column
Fish Tissue Toxicants
RIVER MOUTHS
Nearshore Estuarine Sediments
Nearshore Estuarine Water Column
D-4
-------
Attachment ฃ
Long Island Sound
Christine Olsen
-------
LONG ISLAND SOUND STUDY
AGENCIES INVOLVED IN PROGRAM
EPA, REGIONS I & 0, ORD
NVSDEC, CTDEP
NOM (NMFS)
COE (New England District)
ISC
PROGRAM OBJECTIVES
TO DEVELOP A MANAGEMENT PLAN THAT \\1LL
PROVIDE FOR SYSTEMATIC, TECHNICALLY-SOUND,
REGION-WIDE PROTECTION OF THE WATER
QUALITY AND MARINE RESOURCES OF THE
SOUND.
PRIORITY PROBLEMS
o LOW DISSOLVED OXYGEN CONCENTRATIONS
(HYPOXIA)
o TOXIC CONTAMINATION
o HEALTH OF FISH & SHELLFISH
o PATHOGENS
o FLOATABLE DEBRIS
E-l
-------
LONG ISLAND SOUND STUDY
LOW DISSOLVED OXYGEN CONCENTRATIONS
(1IYPOXIA)
o WATER QUALITY MODEL
o IIYDRODYNAMIC MODEL
The Two Models Will Be Run Together To
Evaluate Management Strategies
E-2
-------
LONG ISLAND SOUND STUDY
FY ftB & 89 WATER QUALITY MONITORING
PROGRAMS
Pnrposc of Data Collection;
o For calibration & verification of the WQ
model of the Sound.
o Will provide baseline data, filling in the
gaps in the historical data.
Data Collectors!
FY88: CTDEP/CTDOHS/CBL
NYSDEC/NYDOH
SUNY-Stony Brook
University of Connecticut
ISC
FY89: CTDEP/CBL
NYSDEC/NYSDOII
SUNY - Stony Brook
University of Connecticut
ISC
NYCDEP
E-3
-------
LONG ISIAND SOUND STUDY
Data Users!
FY88&FV89: HydroQual & NOM
Parameters Analyzed:
Laboratory WQ Measurements:
o BOD5
o BOD30
o Particulatc Organic Carbon
o Dissolved Organic Carbon
o Total Phosphorus
o Particulatc Organic Phosphorus
o Dissolved Organic Phosphorus
o Dissolved Inorganic Phosphorus
o Participate Organic Nitrogen
o Dissolved Organic Nitrogen
o Anunonia
o Nitrate/Nitrite
o Total Silica
o Dissolved Silica
o Hydrogen Sulfide
o Chlorophyll-a
E-4
-------
LONG ISIAND SOUND STUDY
Field WQ Measurements:
o Salinity
o Dissolved Oxygen
o pll
o Light Penetration
Sediment Measurements:
o Sediment Oxygen Demand
o Hydrogen Sulfide
o Ammonia
o Nitrate
o Phosphate
o Silica
E-5
-------
LONG ISIAND SOUND STUDY
Methods Used:
lahnratory WQ Measurements;
- CTDOHS & NYSDOH both used EPA
NPDES methods (CFR Part 136, Table D) and
Sid* Methods, with some modification to reach
lower detection levels.
CBL used their own in-house SOPs that have
much lower detection limits and are specific to
marine and estuarine waters.
FY89 - All the analyses, except BOD were
conducted by CBL using their in-house SOPs.
NYSDOII used a modified BOD method.
E-6
-------
LONG ISIAND SOUND STUDY
Problems Encountered:
FY88 - Results received mid-way through the
sampling period for the nutrient analyses were
not consistent with the historical nutrient data
on the Sound. The NPDES methods did not
reach the level of detection that the models
needed. No detects were reported often.
The methods also did not directly measure
participates - this measurement was done by
subtracting the dissolved fraction from the
total.
A meeting was held with all interested parties,
including CBL Sample collection and analysis
were discussed by both state labs and CBL to
determine the differences.
It was decided that split samples would be
collected and analyzed by both CBL and the
state labs (cost absorbed by CTDEP), to see if
there were any differences.
E-7
-------
LONG ISUM) SOUND STUDY
The results of the split samples using the
NPDES methods still showed inconsistencies
with the historical data. CDL results were
consistent with the historical data. The
required low detection level was also achieved.
FYS9 - All samples were sent to CBL, except for
BOD; they were sent to NYSDOH.
Lessons to be Learned:
First lesson to be learned from the L1SS
experience is that when EPA was asked by the
two state labs what "approved" methods does
EPA recommend for low level nutrient
analyses, there was no answer to give them.
Second lesson to learn is there is also a need
for checking the capability of any lab
conducting marine and estuarine analyses. A
series of Performance Evaluation (PE) samples,
similar to the NPDES and drinking water
E-8
-------
LONG ISIAND SOUND STUDY
series, should be developed specifically for
marine and estuarine waters.
Conclusion:
EPA needs to compilate and validate standard
methods for low level nutrient, organic and
metals analyses in marine and estuarine
waters. PE samples should be developed to
check analytical capabilities of labs using
these methods.
There is a real need for this with the
increasing number of near coastal waters and
estuary programs being initiated even year.
E-9
-------
Attachment F
Massachusetts Bay
Windsor Sung
-------
KM 20
0 NAUTICAL MILES 15
WJLF
/
MAINE
50'
40'
C A;P-E :;:; j&?.
0 NAUTICAL MILES 15
?roo'w
40'
20'
70"00'W
MWRA
30'
MASSACHUSETTS
BAYS
SftH&RED
TWHCECT5
20'
10'
42"00'N
50'
40'
Figure 1: Massachusetts Bay is located on the southwestern end of the
Gulf of Maine. Bathymetry is shown in meters.
F-l
-------
Attachment G
Region IX Estuary and Marine Monitoring Programs
Brian Melzian
-------
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
SOUTH FERRY ROAO
NAARAGANSETT RHODE ISLAND 02882
O.S. EPA ESTOARINE AND MARINE ANALYTICAL METHODS WORKSHOP
May 2 and 3, 1990
Annapolis, Maryland
TITLE
EPA REGION IX'S EXPERIENCE IN DEVELOPING AND IMPLEMENTING
ESTUARINE AND MARINE MONITORING PROGRAMS
By
Brian D. Melzian, Ph.D.
Regional Oceanographer
Wetlands, Oceans and Estuaries Branch (W-7)
Region IX
San Francisco, California
G-l
-------
ABSTRACT
Estuarine and marine monitoring programs are often required by
EPA near sewage outfalls [e.g., 301(h) permits], at designated near
coastal water disposal sites (e.g., sites used for disposal of
drilling muds or dredged materials), at outer continental shelf
(OCS) oil and gas facilities, and near outfalls from industries
that have a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPOES)
permit. Alone or after consultation with state agencies (e.g.,
California Regional Water Quality Control Boards) or federal agencies
(e.g., NOAA, USFWS, COE, MHS), EPA is often required to design the
monitoring programs found in the permits. In many cases, these
programs require the collection of various physical, chemical,
geological, and biological measurements. In addition, EPA is also
required to give technical and scientific guidance during the
implementation of the monitoring programs, and during the analysis
and interpretations of the data and information collected. Examples
of west coast 301(h), NPDES, and dredged material monitoring/sampling
programs will be illustrated and discussed.
G-2
-------
OUTLINE
A. EXAMPLE OF A 301(h) MONITORING PROGRAM;
9 County Sanitation Districts of Orange County (CSDOC):
- Largest 301(h) permitte in the country (e.g., about
240 MGD; 1.5 million dollars/year spent on monitoring).
Hater Column Sampling:
- "Rosette* Sampler (discrete water samples and vertical profiles)
9 Current Meter Moorings:
- Electromagnetic Current Meters (e.g., Interoceanฎ S4)
0 Benthic Sampling (sediments and infauna):
- 0.1 m2 Modified "Double van Veen* grab sampler: used
for sampling silt/clay and fine sandy sediments;
- Infauna and sediment chemistry (EPA Priority Pollutants
and 301(h) pesticides); and
- Replication and statistical "power analyses" (benthic infauna).
Demersal Fish and Hacroinvertebrate Saaping:
- Marinovich 7.6 m (25 ft.) headrope otter trawl;
- Community analyses; and
- Bioaccumulation monitoring.
Mussel (Mytilus californianus) Bioaccumulation Monitoring:
- Priority pollutant analyses and growth measurements; and
- Deployment and retrieval after one month of exposure at
40 meters water depth.
Development and use of the 301(h) TECHNICAL SUPPORT AND
GUIDANCE DOCUMENTS (see attached list of titles).
B. HAWAII SUGARCANE MILLS MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY:
0 Two Hilo-HamaJcua coast sugarcane mills (i.e., Hamakua Sugar
Company, Inc. and Hilo Coast Processing Company) requested
that the NPDES effluent limitation guidelines for total
suspended solids be waived because of economic hardship.
As required by the U.S Congress, EPA formed a "Task Force"
to evaluate pertinent factors relating to wastewater discharges
from the sugarcane mills.
G-3
-------
(2)
Marine environmental study conducted in February of 1989.
Remote sensing.
0 Conversion of U.S. Coast Guard Cutter {CAPE CROSS) to
an oceanographic vessel.
0 Collection of Discrete Water Samples (Nisken* 10 Liter water
bottle) for chemical analyses (i.e., nutrients, metals,
pesticides ) .
Preservation, storage, and shipment of water samples (QA/QC
concerns).
Collection of sediment samples by Scuba Divers.
Scuba diver transect surveys of coral communities.
ROV surveys with PHANTOM* IV.
Results.
C. PORT OF OAKLAHD DREDGING PROJECT;
Oakland Inner Harbor sampling stations:
- Turning Basin (Schnitzer Steel and Todd Shipyard).
Collection and shipment of sediment samples:
- Gravity cores (clay layer problems); and
- Chemical analyses and toxicity testing.
0 Production of suspended particulate and solid phases for
toxicity testing.
ซ Suspended Particulate Phase Toxicity Tests:
- Oyster Larvae (48 hours: development and mortality);
- Mysid shrimp (96 hours: mortality); and
- Speckled Sandabs (96 hours: mortality).
0 Solid Phase Toxicity Tests:
- Clams (10 days: mortality and bioaccumulation)i
- Polychaete worms (10 days: mortality); and
- Amphipods (10 days: mortality);
Rhepoxynius abronius; and
Ampelisea abdita.
Results (sediment chemistry and toxicity).
0 EPA ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS.
G-4
-------
(3)
D. SOME PROBLEMS WITH THE DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION, AND ENFORCEMENT
OF ESTUARINE/HARINE MONITORING PROGRAM?;
0 Lack of detailed knowledge of relevant federal, state, and
local statutory regulations and requirements;
0 Major differences in interpretation of federal and state
regulations (e.g., ocean dumping regulations);
Not enough sharing of expertise between federal, state, and
local agencies;
0 Economical and "to the extent practicable" limitations;
0 Scientific unknowns and uncertainities (e.g., how is
"unreasonable degradation" measured and quantified?); and
Lack of flexibility in changing programs after they have
been implemented.
E. SOME RECENT POSITIVE DEVELOPMENTS;
0 Production of 301(h) Technical Support and Guidance Documents:
- Reviewed by EPA's national 301(h) Task Force; and
- Contain much state-of-the-art information and guidance.
0 Development of Puget Sound Protocols:
- State of the art guidance and recommendations.
Development of the new dredged material testing document
(i.e., "Green Book*);
Development of protocols to support NOAA'a national Status
and Trends program (sediments and tissues); and
0 Development and refinement of "indicators" by EPA's Ecological
Monitoring and Assessment Program's (EMAP) Near Coastal
Demonstration Project (1990).
G-5
-------
301(h) TECHNICAL SUPPORT AND GUIDANCE DOCUMENTS
Prepared by Tetra Tech, Inc.
jjpcpdFcd tort
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Marine and Estuarine Protection
Marine Operations Division
March 1989
Monitoring Program Development, Implementation and Evaluation
Design of 301(h) Monitoring Programs for Municipal Wastewater
Discharges to Marine Waters. 1982, EPA 430/9-82-010.
Ecological Impacts of Sewage Discharges on Coral Reef Communities. 1983,
EPA 430/9-83-010.
Initial Mixing Characteristics of Municipal Ocean Discharges.
1985, EPA 600/3-85/073a
Summary of U.S. EPA-Approved Methods, Standard Methods, and
Other Guidance for 301(h) Monitoring Variables. 1985, Tetra Tech, Inc.,
Final Report, EPA Contract No. 68-01-6938.
Analytical Methods for U.S. EPA Priority Pollutants and 301(h) Pesticides
in Estuarine and Marine Sediments. 1986, Tetra Tech, Inc., Final Report,
EPA Contract No. 68-01-6938.
Evaluation of Survey Positioning Methods for Nearshore Marine and
Estuarine Waters. 1987, EPA 430/9-86-003
Framework for 301 (h) Monitoring Programs. 1987, EPA
430/09-88-002.
Guidance for Conducting Fish Liver Hi
301(h) Monitoring. 1987, EPA 430/9-87-
Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA/QQ for 301 (h)
Monitoring Programs: Guidance on Field and Laboratory Methods.
1987, EPA 430/9-86-004.
Recommended Biological Indices for 30 l(h) Monitoring Programs.
1987, EPA 430/9-86-002.
A Simplified Deposition Calculation (DECAL) for Organic
Accumulation Near Marine Outfalls. 1987, EPA 430/09-88-001
Technical Support Document for ODES Statistical Power Analysis.
1987, EPA 430/9-87-005.
Evaluation of Differential Loran-C for Positioning in Nearshore Marine and
Estuarine Waters. 1988, Tetra Tech., Inc., Draft Report, EPA Contract No.
68-C8-0001.
G-6
-------
301(h) TECHNICAL SUPPORT AND GUIDANCE DOCUMENTS
(Continued)
Bioaccumulation Monitoring Guidance Series
Bioaccumulation Monitoring Guidance: 1) Estimating the Potential
for Bioaccumulation of Priority Pollutants and 301(h) Pesticides
Into Marine and Estuarine Waters. 1985, Tetra Tech, Inc., Final Report,
EPA Contract No. 68-01-6938.
Bioaccumulation Monitoring Guidance: 2) Selection of Target
Species and Review of Available Bioaccumulation Data. 1985, EPA 430/9-86-005.
Bioaccumulation Monitoring Guidance: 2) Selection of Target
Species and Review of Available Bioaccumulation Data, Appendix. 1985, EPA
430/9-86-006.
Bioaccumulation Monitoring Guidance: 3) Recommended Analytical
Detection Limits. 1985, Tetra Tech, Inc., Final Report, EPA Contract No. 68-01-6938.
Bioaccumulation Monitoring Guidance: 4) Analytical Methods for
U.S. EPA Priority Pollutants and 301(h) Pesticides in Tissue from
Estuarine and Marine Organisms. 1986, Tetra Tech, Inc., Final Report, EPA
Contract No. 68-01-6938.
Bioaccumulation Monitoring Guidance: 5) Strategies for Sample
Replication and Compositing. 1987, EPA 430/9-87-003.
Permit Application and Evaluation
Revised Section 301(h) Technical Support Document 1982, EPA 430/9-82-011.
301(h) Permit Reissuance Guidance Document for Small
Dischargers. 1988, Tetra Tech, Inc., Draft Final Report, EPA Contract No. 68-01-6922.
Data Management
Ocean Data Evaluation System (ODES) Data Submissions Manual 1988, Tetra
Tech, Inc. and American Management Systems, Final Report, EPA Contract
No. 68-01-6938.
Ocean Data Evaluation System (ODES): User Guide. 1988, Tetra
Tech, Inc. and American Management Systems, Final Report, EPA Contract
No. 68-01-6938.
Ocean Data Evaluation System (ODES): Data Briefs
1. Use of ODES Reference Information
2. Analysis of Influent/Effluent Data
3. Use of Numerical Classification Tools
4. Use of Graphic and Mapping Tools
5. Downloading ODES Graphics for Enhancement
6. Use of the Analysis of Variance Tool
1988, Tetra Tech, Inc. and American Management Systems, Final Report,
EPA Contract No. 68-01-6938.
G-7
-------
Attachment H
Harbor Estuary Program
Eric Stern
-------
The New York-New Jersey Harbor t Estuary Program
Goal; To develop a management plan for the
Hudson/Raritan Estuary by 1994 that
will restore and/or maintain an ecosystem
that supports an optimal diversity of
living resources on a sustained basis.
Program Objectives:
-Preserve and restore ecologically important habitat.
-Attain water quality that fully supports
bathing and other recreational uses
of the Estuary.
-Ensure that fish and shellfish in the Estuary
are safe for unrestricted human consumption.
-Restore and enhance the aesthetic quality
of the Estuary.
-Manage and balance the competing
uses of the Estuary to improve
environmental quality.
-Manage pollutants within the Estuary
so that they do not contribute to use
impairments outside the Estuary.
H-l
-------
NEW YORK BIGHT RESTORATION PLAN
Objective: Plan will place priority on
control of those pollutants most
directly associated with water use
impairments.
Will provide an ecosystem perspective
within which more detailed site-
specific solutions can be developed.
A. BEACH CLOSURES
B. UNSAFE SEA FOODS
C. DAMAGE TO COMMERCIAL AND
RECREATIONAL FISHERIES
D. DAMAGE TO MARINE MAMMALS,
BIRDS and REPTILES
E. EFFECT ON COMMERCIAL
NAVIGATION
H-2
-------
TLANTIC
PASSAICXVALLEY
H-3
-------
CORE AREA OP TEZ KY-KJ XARBOX ESTUAXY PJtOGXAM
H-4
-------
0 5 10 20 33 40 SO
L.
c
- 38* N
LONGFTUOS
KTH YORK BIGHT OCZAM DISPOSAL SITES
H-5
-------
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
NYBRP and NY-NJ HEP
A. The NYBRP defines the
necessary reduction of
pollutants from each input zone
to help eliminate priority use
impairments on the Bight.
B. NY-NJ HEP will have the
responsibility for developing the
plan to meet those requrements.
- Technology
- Management Practices
- Costs
- Developing programs needed to
control pollutant inputs within
the Estuary
H-6
-------
Present; Studies are underway involving
SYNTHESIS OF EXISTING DATA
THAT WELL CHARACTERIZE THE:
1. spatial/temporal trends of
estuarine resources
2. evaluate the nature/degree/severity
of pollution and other anthropoegenic
influences on the Estuary '
H-7
-------
Specific Efforts: FY 89:
1. Inventory/Categorization of Ambient Toxicants
in Water, Sediments and Biota .
(NYU Environmental Lab, Tuxedo, NY)
2. Ambient Water Toxicity Testing to
Characterize Toxic Effects on
Early-Life Stages throughout the Estuary.
(NJ Medicine and Dentistry, Newark, NJ)
3. Analysis of the Distributions of DO,
Nutrients and Organic Carbon.
(University of Rhode Island)
4. Inventory of Pollutant Loadings for
Source Categories.
(HydroQual, Inc., Mahwah, NJ)
5. Effects of Toxicants on Distribution
of Benthic Organisms.
(Ramapo College, Ramapo, NJ)
6. Inventory of Habitat and Wildlife
Population.
(University of Conneticut)
7. Analysis of Fish Distribution
in Relation to Habitat and Toxicants.
(SUNY-Stony Brook)
H-8
-------
Specific Efforts: FY 89: (continued)
8. Effects of Toxicants on Marine
Birds.
(Rutgers University, New Brunswick)
9. Inventory of Pathogen Contamination.
(NJ Department of Environmental
Protection)
H-9
-------
Direction/Studies Planned for FY 90.
1. Focus: Collection of new data for management.
A. Develop and Implement a Long-Term
Toxicant Effects Biomonitoring Program
for. Indicators Studied in FY 89.
1. reproductive success of selected
marine birds
2. toxic effects on benthic invertebrates
3. effects on fish and shellfish,
particularly sensitive life stages
and resource species
H-10
-------
Direction/Studies Planned for Dฃ 2Q. (continued)
B. Continue Assessment fif the Extent
of Early-Life Toxicant Induced Impacts
in Sensitive Species.
Objectives:
1. quantify the extent of toxkhy
of ambient waters
2. provide ambient baseline data for load
reductions by whole effluent or
by numerical standards and/or criteria
3. support development of whole effluent
toxicity testing protocols by NY and NJ
H-ll
-------
Direction Studies Flapped for EC 2fi. (continued)
C. Develop a Monitoring
Wasteload Allocations for
Toxics and Conventional Pollutants.
Monitoring Objectives Include:
- sampling of ambient water discharges
(CSO's and stormwater and atmospheric
deposition)
D. Monitoring for conventional pollutants
as needed to Model carbon and nutrient
cycling relative to Dissolved oxygen
in the NY-N.I Harbor/Bight/LIS Complex.
H-12
-------
eRDM:EPfl/FfiM REGION 2
10=7033856007
PIUG 2. 1990 3:12PM 8713 P.03
PRELIMINARY TOXICS CATEGORIZATION TABLE 2
NEW YORK BIQHT BASELINE flPMMARY
OP PRIORITY TOXICS OP CONCERN
CATEGORIZATION
W.O. Overall
PCBS (total)
Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD)
Mercury
Chlordane
DDT + ODD, DDE
Dieldrin
Aldrin
Heptachlor 4- Hept. Epoxide
Hexachl orobenzene
Hexaehlorocyclohexane (BHC)
a-alpha
r-gamma (Lindane)
PAHs
LMW: Anthracene
Phenanthrene
HMWr Ben 20 (a) anthracene
Benzoj a) pyrene
Chrysene
Fluor an thene
pyrene
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Silver
2inc
Endrin
Hexachlorocyclohexane (BHC)
b-beta
Mirex
Cl -produced Oxidants
Total Organics
Antimony
Chromium (Hexa- + Trivalent)
Nickel
Selenium
I. A.
I. A.
I. A.
I.E.
I.B.
I.E.
I.B.
i.e.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.E.
I.E.
I.B.
I.E.
i.e.
II. A. 2
i.e.
-
-
i.e.
i.e.
i.e.
i.e.
I. A.
II. A.I.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
i.e.
i.e.
I.B.
I.B.
i.e..
i.e.
I.B.
I.B.
i.e.
i.e.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
i.e.
I.B.
i.e.
i.e.
i.e.
i.e.
i.e.
i.e.
i.e.
i.e.
II. A.I
I. A.
I. A.
I. A.
.B.
.&,
.B.
.B.
.B.
.B.
.B.
.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
I.B.
i.e.
i.e.
i.e.
i.e.
i.e.
i.e.
i.e.
i.e.
i.e.
No toxics appear on Category ID in the Preliminary Categorization
Bis (2-Chloroethoxy) Methane II.A.I I.E.
Chloronaphthalene II.A.I I.E.
Dibenzothiophene I.E. I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
H-13
-------
=RDM:EPfl/FRM REGION 2
70:7033856007
PUG 2, 1990 3=13PM 8713 P.04
TOXIC
Dibromochloropropane
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
1,2-Transdichloroethylene
TCDF
Trans-Nonachlor
PAHs
LMW: Biphenyl
1-Methylnaphthalene
2-Methylnaphthalene
Methylphenanthrene
Naphthalene
HHW: Benzo(e)pyrene
Perylene
Oil and Grease
Petroleum HC - Aromatic
Aliphatic
Aluminum
chloride
cobalt
Fluoride
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Magnesium
Potassium
Plutonium
Radium
Rubidium
Sodium
Thorium
Tin
Vanadium
TABLE IX
UL,.
I.E.
II. A.I
II. A.I
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
II. A.I
II. A.I
I.E.
II. A. 2
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
II. A.I
II. B.
II. B.
I.E.
II. B.
I.E.
II. B.
(cont.)
CATEGORIZATION
W.O.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
II. A. 2.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
Z.E%
II. A. 2
I.E.
i.e.
i.e.
II. A.I
II. A.I
II. A.I
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
II. A. 2
I.E.
II. A. 2
I.E.
Overall
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
I.E.
H-14
-------
FROtTEPfVFflM REGION 2
TO=7033855007
PUG 2, 1390 3=13PM B713 P.05
F.T. CAT. - Fish Tissue Categorization
W.Q, CAT. = Water Quality Categorization
Category I.A. -> Ambient Data Exceeds Enforceable Standard
Category I.E. = Ambient Data Exceeds More stringent But
Unenforceable Criteria
Category I.e. = Ambient Data Is Below Most Stringent Criteria
Category I.E. - There Is No Criteria Available For Ambient Data
Category II.A.I. = No Ambient Data Available, Yet Evidence of
Input Into the New York Bight Proper
Category II.A.2. - No Ambient Data Available, Yet Evidence of
input the NY-NJ Harbor and Coastal Tributaries
No Ambient Data Available, No Evidence of Input
Category II.B.
LMW <= LOW Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon
HMW - High Molecular Weight PAH
(PAH)
H-15
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PROGRAM NEEDS:
1. validation of analytical methods for
metals and PAH's (priority pollutants,
Dioxins ) in marine waters, sediment
and tissue.
2. How reliable is "old" data and methods
for categorization evaluation? ie: [Hg]
3. Appropriate bioassay consensus?
ie: show ambient water toxicity
4. Further development of Water Quality and
Fish Tissue Standards/Criteria
Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn
H-16
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