Summary-of
           WATER QUALITY CONDITIONS
               POLLUTION SOURCES
           WATER QUALITY REGULATIONS
     UPPER AND CENTRAL SNAKE RIVER BASINS

                Idaho - Oregon
               Preliminary Draft
                   Prepared by

         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
              Office of Enforcement
Division of Field Investigations - Denver Center
                 Denver, Colorado

                   June, 1971

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                            TABLE OF CONTENTS
     LIST OF FIGURES	     iii

     LIST OF TABLES	v	       iv

CHAPTER I.  INTRODUCTION   	     1-1
    s A.   Statement  of Problem	     1-1
     B.   Objectives	     1-2
     C.   Scope	     1-2
     D.   Authority	     1-2
     E.   Acknowledgements   	     1-3
                                 s
CHAPTER II.  SUMMARY  AND  CONCLUSIONS  	     II-l

CHAPTER III.  DESCRIPTION OF AREA	    III-l
     A.   Physical Description  	    III-l
     B.   Climate	    HI-3
     C.   Population & Economy	    III-3
     D.   Hydrology	    Ill-4

CHAPTER IV.  APPLICABLE WATER QUALITY REGULATIONS  	     IV-1
     A.   Water Quality Standards 	     IV-1
          Idaho	     IV-1
          Oregon	     IV-6
     B.   The Rivers and  Harbors Act of 1899	     IV-7
     C.   Water Quality Improvement Act of 1970	     IV-8

CHAPTER V.  WATER QUALITY CONDITIONS  	     V-l
     A.   Upper Basin	     V-2
          Present Water Quality 	     V-2
               Main Stem  Snake River	     V-2
               Tributaries	     V-7
          Summary of Water Quality Problem Areas  	     V-9
     B.   Central Basin	     V-10
          Present Water Quality 	     V-10
               Main Stem  Snake River	     V-10
               Tributaries	     V-13
          Summary of Water Quality Problem Areas  	     V-15

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                       TABLE OF  CONTENTS--Continued
CHAPTER VI.  SUMMARY OF POLLUTION SOURCES  .  .  .
     A.   Municipal and Industrial Waste Sources
          Rexburg Service Area  	
          Rigby Service Area  	
          Idaho Falls Service Area  	
          Blackfoot Service Area  	
          Pocatello Service Area  	
          American Falls Service Area 	
          Burley Service Area 	
          Twin Falls Service Area 	
          Mountain Home Service Airca	
          Boise Service Area  	
          Emmett Service Area 	
          Ontario Service Area  	
     B.   Agricultural Sources  	
          Irrigation Return Flows 	
          Feedlots  	
     C.   Natural Sources 	
                                                     VI-1
                                                     VI-2
                                                     Vl-2
                                                    VI-14
                                                    VI-17
                                                    VI-17
                                                    VI-21
                                                    VI-29
                                                    VI-29
                                                    VI-35
                                                    VI-47
                                                    VI-47
                                                    VI-49
                                                    VI-65
                                                    VI-73
                                                    VI-73
                                                    VI-74
                                                    VI-75
APPENDIX A



APPENDIX B



APPENDIX C

APPENDIX D

APPENDIX E

APPENDIX F
IDAHO WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR
INTERSTATE STREAMS
          June 1967

IDAHO WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR
ALL STATE WATERS
          September 1968

IDAHO IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

RIVERS AND HARBORS ACT OF 1899

EXECUTIVE ORDER 11574

OIL POLLUTION REGULATIONS
                                    ii

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                              LIST OF FIGURES



Figure                            Title                    Follows Page

 III-l         Upper Snake  River  Basin                         III-l

 III-2         Central Snake  River Basin                       III-2

   V-l         Dissolved  Oxygen Profile  (Generalized)           V-2
                 Snake River

   V-2         BOD Profile  (Generated)                        V-2
                 Snake River
                                 «
   V-3         Water Temperature  Profile  (Generalized)          V-4
                 Snake River

   V-4         Total Phosphate Profile  (Generalized)            V-4
                 Snake River

   V-5         Major Water  Quality Problem Areas  -              V-9
                 Upper Basin

   V-6         Major Water  Quality Problem Areas  -              V-15
                 Central  Basin

  VI-1         Location of  Service Areas                        VI-4
                                    iii

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                             LIST OF TABLES


Table                                                      Page


III-l          Upper Basin Streamflow Summary               III-5

III-2          Central  Basin Streamflow Summary             III-8

 VI-1          Summary  of Economic Service Areas             VI-3

 VI-2          Municipal Waste  Sources                       VI-5

 VI-3          Potential Industrial Waste Sources           VI-12
                 Rexburg Service Area

 VI-4  •        Potential Industrial  Waste Sources          VI-15
                 Rigby  Service  Area

 VI-5          Potential Industrial Waste Sources           VI-18
                 Idaho  Falls Service Area

 VI-6          Potential Industrial Waste Sources           VI-22
                 Blackfoot Service Area

 VI-7          Potential Industrial Waste Sources           VI-26
                 Pocatello Service Area

 VI-8          Potential Industrial Waste Sources           VI-30
                 Burley Service Area

 VI-9          Potential Industrial Waste Sources           VI-37
                 Twin Falls  Service Area

 VI-10         Potential Industrial Waste Sources           VI-47
                 Boise  Service  Area

 VI-11         Potential Industrial Waste Sources           VI- 59
                 Ontario Service Area
                                    iv

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                          CHAPTER I.  INTRODUCTION









A.   STATEMENT OF_ PROBLEM




          Water quality in the Snake River and a number of tributaries is




degraded by municipal and industrial waste discharges and agricultural pol-




lution in combination with low streamflow conditions produced by storage and




diversion of water for irrigation uses.  This degradation results in the im-




pairment of water uses including municipal water supply, propagation of aquatic




life, water contact recreation and aesthetics.  Dense aquatic growths, fish




kills and bacterial contamination are indicators of water quality problems




which are found at a number of locations in the Snake River Basin.




     Substantial upgrading of municipal and industrial waste treatment has




been accomplished in the past few years and additional improvements are under




construction or planned.  It is apparent, however, that even higher levels of




treatment will be needed for some waste sources and that control of pollution




from concentrated agricultural pollution sources such as animal feedlots will




be required if applicable water quality standards are to be met.




     Water quality data are collected at a number of points in the Basin by




Federal and State agencies on a continuing and periodic basis.  However, a




comprehensive basinwide evaluation of water quality has not been made since




1966.  A complete inventory of pollution sources and treatment facilities is




not available.  Such a water quality evaluation and inventory is needed to




assess the current status of compliance with water quality standards and other




regulations.

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                                                                      1-2






B.   OBJECTIVES




          The major objectives of this  report are to:




     1.   Summarize applicable water quality regulations.




     2.   Outline significant water quality and pollution  problems.




     3.   Summarize available water quality data.




     4.   Assemble available information on known and potential pollution




          sources .




     5.   Identify needs for additional investigations to  update present




          information and define the present status of compliance with




          water quality regulations.






C.   SCOPE




          This report is a compilation  of existing information on water quality




conditions and pollution sources in the Upper and Central  Snake River Basin.




Emphasis is placed on the main stem Snake River between Brownlee Reservoir and




Rexburg, Idaho, a distance of 500 stream miles, and on the lower reaches of the




Boise River, Rock Creek, Portneuf River, Henry's Fork and  South Fork  Teton




River.  This area includes all major population centers and important agricul-




tural areas along this portion of the Snake River.




     A limited field reconnaissance survey of the area was made in May 1971 to




update information on major waste sources.  The results of this survey were




utilized to develop a more complete waste source inventory than the current




STORET i
D.   AUTHORITY




          This report was prepared in partial fulfillment of a request from




the Interim Regional Coordinator,  Region  X, Portland, Oregon, for the Divicior:

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                                                                      1-3






of Field Investigations - Denver Center to conduct investigations of pollu-




tion problems in the Snake River Basin upstream from Brownlee Dam with regard




to defining the basis for possible enforcement actions.






E.   ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS




          Valuable assistance in compiling reference materials for this report




was provided by various Region X Water Quality Program staff members.  Appre-




ciation is expressed to Messrs. Veirs and Worley in this regard and to Mr.




Tangarone who assisted in the field reconnaissance.

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                   CHAPTER II.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS


1.        Available data on water quality conditions in the Upper and Central

     Snake River Basins are limited.  With the exception of basinwide short-

     term surveys conducted in 1962 and 1966, water quality data prior to

     1968 are available for only a few long-term stations.  Since 1968,  a

     Federal-State surveillance network has been developed to provide regular

     collection of water quality information.  This network provides data

     suitable for assessing general water quality conditions and long-term

     trends, but is not adequate for detailed evaluation of the water quality

     impact of specific pollution sources.


2.        Currently available waste source data are incomplete.  Not all known

     waste discharges are listed in the STORET municipal and industrial  inven-
                                                                     ^
     tories.   Flow data are missing or outdated.  No information is available

     on specific pollutants discharged.  A search of phone directories identi-

     fied several hundred potential pollution sources not included in any waste

     source inventory.  The number of these sources actually discharging wastes

     or causing pollution is unknown.


3.        Implementation of the Refuse Act Permit Program and the Idaho  permit

     system will provide basic data for updating the STORET inventory.   A follow-

     up survey of potential waste sources not included in permit programs will

     be needed to complete a -..'aste source inventory.


4.        Federal-State water quality standards applicable to  the interstate

     waters of  the Snake River Basin have been established pursuant to  the

     Federal Water Pollution Control  Act,  as  amended.  These standards specify

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                                                                     II-2



     water quality  criteria  and  treatment  requirements which must be met by


     all waste  sources  and establish  schedules  for  completion  of necessary


     waste treatment  facilities.  Available  information  is  inadequate to as-


     sess the current status of  compliance with the standards,  although it is


     known that violations of water quality  criteria presently occur in sev-


     eral stream reaches  and that not all  waste sources  are meeting  their  im-


     plementation schedules.



5.        Water quality problems  in the  Snake River Basin are  primarily as-
                                 t

     sociated with population centers, especially areas  where  streamflows  are


     depleted by irrigation  use.  Significant water quality degradation occurs


     in the South Fork Teton River and Henry's  Fork near Rexburg,  in the Snake


     River below Idaho Falls, in  the  lower Portneuf River and  American Falls


     Reservoir  at Pocatello, in  Lake  Milner  at  Burley,  in Rock Creek and  the


     Snake River at Twin  Falls,  in  the Boise River between Boise  and the Oregon


     border, and in the Snake River and  Brownlee Reservoir between Oregon  and


     Idaho. Water quality problems are  most acute in American Falls Reservoir,


     Lake Milner and Brownlee Reservoir.



6.        Municipal and industrial waste sources are primarily located  in  12


     population and economic centers  known  as  service areas.   Six of  these


     service areas, Idaho Falls,  Pocatello,  Burley, Twin Falls, Boise  and


     Ontario,  create significant pollution problems.  Waste sources  in  the


     other six  areas are  generally  relatively  small and waler  quality degrada-


     tion is minor or a local pollution  problem only.

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                                                                      II-3


7.        A number of large food processing plants providing inadequate treat-

     ment are located in Idaho Falls.   The city provides only primary treat-

     ment.  Waste loads from municipal and industrial sources degrade water

     quality in the Snake River at low flow conditions.  Expansion of the
                                       •
     city system to secondary treatment and connection of most industrial

     waste sources are planned but are several years away.  A water quality

     and waste source survey is needed to provide the basis for possible en-

     forcement actions if the completion of the city system is delayed.


8.        Phosphate wastes from two phosphate processing plants and inadequately

     treated municipal and industrial wastes from the Pocatello vicinity, in

     combination with natural sources of phosphates, degrade water quality in

     the lower Portneuf River and contribute to eutrophic conditions in Ameri-

     can Falls Reservoir.  A survey to define the sources and magnitudes of

     phosphate loads discharged to American Falls Reservoir is needed to eval-

     uate the need for potential enforcement actions against the phosphate in-

     dustries .


9.        Large organic waste loads from food processing industries in the Burley

     area have been responsible for severe water quality degradation in Lake

     Milner and several major fish kills.  Secondary treatment facilities will

     be placed in operation in Fall 1971 by all major waste sources in the Eurley

     area.  It is probable that these facilities will not be adequate to main-

     tain suitable water quality in Lake Milner during low flow conditions.  A

     waste source and water quality survey of the Lake Milner area is needed

     during the 1971-72 food processing season to assess the adequacy of treat-

     ment facilities.

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                                                                      II-4


10.       Several food processing plants and a sugar refinery located on Rock

     Creek and the Twin Falls  primary  treatment plant have caused water quality

     degradation in Rock Creek and the Snake River.   Expansion of the city

     system to secondary treatment and connection of all industrial wastes to

     the city system is planned.   Such improvements  would alleviate present

     water quality problems.   A waste  source and water quality survey is needed

     to provide the basis for  possible enforcement actions if the completion

     of the city system is delayed.


11.       A large number of municipal  and industrial waste sources including

     several large food processing plants and a sugar refinery are located in

     the Boise River Valley below Boise.  In the past, these sources contri-
                                           *
     buted to severe degradation  of the Boise River.  Connection of most of the

     major industrial waste sources  to regional secondary treatment facilities

     at Boise, Nampa and Caldwell has  substantially  reduced water quality prob-

     lems but water quality standards  violations persist.  In addition, the

     Nampa plant receives a seasonal organic waste overload from food processing

     industries resulting in reduced treatment efficiencies.  The Caldwell plant

     is troubled by excessive  infiltration during the irrigation sear.on.  A

     comprehensive water quality  and waste source survey of the Boise Riwjr

     Valley is needed to provide  the basis for assessing the present status of

     compliance with water quality standards and the need for enforcement actions

     in this area.  An assessment of the water quality impact of reduced treat-

     ment efficiencies at Nampa and  Caldwell is also needed.  Residual pollution

     from the Boise River creates interstate pollution in the Snake River be-

     tween Oregon and Idaho.

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                                                                      II-5






12.        A number of food processing plants and a sugar refinery in the



     Ontario area contribute waste loads which,  in combination with residual



     wastes from the Boise River,  degrade water  quality in the Snake River and



     Bfownlee Reservoir between Oregon and Idaho.  Pollution in this area is

                                       •

     interstate.   A waste source  and water quality survey is needed in f.bi*



     area to assess the adequacy of waste treatment facilities and to define



     the present status of compliance with water quality standards.
                                                   •




13.        A large number of animal feedlots are  concentrated in the Buriey,



     Twin Falls,  Boise and Ontario areas.  Drainage  from some of  these feed-



     lots is discharged to State waters in violation  of the Idaho water quality
                    •


     standards.   Feedlots also contribute to eutrophic conditions and violation



     of bacterial criteria.  A comprehensive bacteriological investigation



     during wet-weather periods is needed to assess the extent of bacterial con-



     tamination  from these sources.

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                     CHAPTER III.  DESCRIPTION OF AREA






A.   PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION




     The Snake River begins in the northwest corner of Wyoming, flows through




southern Idaho where it receives minor drainage from Utah and Nevada, travels




northward to mark state boundaries between Idaho and Oregon and Idaho and




Washington,  and then flows through the Palouse hills to the Columbia River in




the State of Washington.  The river is over 1,000 miles long and drains an




area of nearly 108,000 square miles.  As the largest tributary of the Columbia




River, the Snake River contributes one-fifth of the total discharge of the




Columbia River system, about 33 million acre-feet of water each year.




     Most of the area is mountainous, but it is the lowlands of the Snake Plain




and the finger valleys like those of the Boise, Payette, and Weiser Rivers which




provide some of the world's most fertile farm areas and which are the focus of




the agricultural economy and the home of most of  the population.




     Of the basin's total area, 42 percent is rangeland; 24 percent is forest;




26 percent is agricultural land; and the remaining 8 percent is divided among




other uses.   Land ownership of the basin is 66 percent Federal, 4 percent state




and local, and 30 percent private.




     For purposes of water quality management planning, the Snake River Basin




is divided into three approximately equal sub-basins; the Upper, the Central




or Middle, and the Lower Basin.  This report is concerned with water quality




in the Upper and Middle basins only.




     The Upper Snake River Basin (see Figure 1II-1) drains an area of 35,857




square miles in Idaho, Wyoming, Nevada, and Utah.  The Snake River is the




dominant stream traversing the subregion from east to west.  From its head-




waters in Yellowstone National Park, the river flows some 500 miles, skirting

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F'.-'ure III-l.  Upper  Snake River Basin

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                                                                      III-2


the Snake River Plain on the south before it leaves the subregion on the

west.  The major tributaries are generally in the southern and eastern por-

tions of the sub-basin.  A large area north of the Snake River is drained by

streamS which sink into the lava fields.  The extensive aquifer benearh the
                                       •
Snake River Plain is a distinguished hydrologic feature.

     The Central Snake River Basin is  the largest sub-basin in the Columbia-

North Pacific Region, containing 36,825 square miles in the states of Idaho,

Oregon, and Nevada.  The largest portion of the sub-basin lies within Lh&

Snake River Plateau province.  The area is bounded on the northeast by th?

Northern Rocky Mountains, on the northwest by the Blue Mountains, and on the

west and southwest by the Great Basin.

     The S'nake River is the dominant stream, flowing westerly through the

basin to the Oregon border and then northward to Brownlee Dam.  A major

portion of the tributary inflow in the basin is contributed by the Boise,

Payette, and Weiser Rivers in the northeast portion of  the basin, while the

large semi-arid areas to the south and west of the Snake River contribute

small flows.

     In both basins, agricultural  areas and population centers are located

in the low-lying and narrow river valleys while range and forest lands occupy

the  foothills and mountains.

     Elevations in the Basin range from less than 2,000 feet above sea level

at Brownlee Dam to more than 13,000 feet in  Grand Teton National Park.  Through-

out  much of its length, the Snake River flows on a relatively steep gradient

"broken by a number of major waterfalls.  Elevations of population centers within

the  study area range from 2,000 to 5,000 feet.

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Figure III-2.  Central Snake  River Basin

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                                                                      III-3


B.   CLIMATE

     Climate is highly variable throughout the Upper Basin because of its

wide range in elevations.  The climate is characterized by warm-to-hot, dry

summers and cold winters, during which most of the precipitation falls,  fix-
                                       •
treme temperatures recorded range from -60 to 110° F.  The average growing

season on the Snake River Plain ranges from 140 to 150 days at the lower

end of  the plain to about 100 days at the upper end.  The average annual

precipitation ranges from 10 to 30 inches.

     The climate of the Central Basin is typical of other areas east of the

Cascade Range -- hot, dry summers and cool winters during which most of the

precipitation falls.* Average annual temperatures range from 40° to bO° F,

and extreme temperatures range from -49° to 117° F.  The plateau receives

only 6 to 15 inches of precipitation a year, while the mountains average as

much as 40 inches.  Much of the precipitation at higher elevations is in the

form of snow, providing water to streams until June.  Summer droughts are a

common characteristic, with precipitation averaging less than an inch through-

out much of the basin.  The growing season ranges from 160 days in the lower

valleys to less than 60 days in the mountain valleys.


C.   POPULATION AND ECONOMY

     The total population of the Upper Basin is about 302,000 people.  About

49 percent reside in four major population centers, Idaho Falls, Pocatello,

Burley and Twin Falls.  The population density in the remainder of the area

is low -- often less than one person per square mile in large areas.

     Agriculture and food-processing are the primary economic activities in

the Upper Basin.  There are over two million acres of irrigated land.  The

principal crops grown and processed are potatoes and sugar beets.  The National

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                                                                      II1-4






Reactor Testing  Station is also an important economic factor.  The phos-




phate industry in southeastern Idaho is  the center of western phosphate




resources and oroduction.   Recreation and tourism are important segments




of the economy.  Grand Teton National Park,  a portion of Yellowstone National




Park, Craters of the Moon National Monument, and several national forests are




significant attractions.  In addition, the sub-basin also contains two of the




nation's best winter sport areas (Jackson Hole and Sun Valley).




     The population of the Central Basin, which is about 270,000, is concen-




trated in the area extending from Boise into eastern Oregon.  As a result,




large areas in the sub-basin are very sparsely populated.




     The economy of the Central Basin is also largely based on agricultural




production and processing.  The principal crops grown and processed are potatoes




and sugar beets.  The processing of livestock, dairy, and poultry products  is




also of importance.  There is a limited amount of manufacturing in the Boise




area.






D.   HYDROLOGY




     The Snake River, flowing westward through the t'jper Basin, has its source




in the remote areas of Yellowstone Park and  is fed by such major tributaries




as the Gros Ventre, Hoback, and Greys Rivers in Wyoming, and Henrys Fork,




Blackfoot, Portneuf, and Big Wood Rivers in  Idaho.  In the north-central portion




of the Basin, the Big Lost and Little Lost Rivers, Birch Creek, and several




other strfiams find no surface outlet to the  Snake, but disappear in sinks in




the desert area of Buttc and Jefferson  Counties.




     At Heise, where the flow of the Snake River is measured above irrigation




diversions in Idaho, the average annual discharge is about 4.7 million acre-feet,

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                                                                              Ill-3



Below Milner Dam,  some  250 miles  downstream,  a residual flow averaging 1.1

million acre-feet  remains  after  irrigation  diversions  and natural losses

to groundwate*-  deplete  the flow.   Below Milner, substantial  inflow --  prin-

cipally from large springs -- increases the average  flow of  the Snake  Pxivor
                                           •
to abojt 6.2 million acre-feet at King Hill.

      The seasonal  runoff  pattern  for most of  the Upper Snake Basin is  modified

by storage regulation,  which outweighs natural influences in determining  cbe

pattern of runoff.  The flood that occurs when spring  rains  release and aug-

ment  snowmelt,  the natural foundation of flows, is  captured  in a network of

irrigation and  flood control reservoirs and distributed through the summer.

In the  fall, the continuing influence of irrigation  return  flows acts  to main-

tain  stream levels; winter streamflows are  restricted  severely as reservoirs

are  filled and  return flows diminish.  Though summer flows  are high at points

below impoundments, high  summer  flows are not an unvarying  situation.   Below

significant diversion points, summer flows  may cease entirely at times.  Mean

monthly discharge data  for selected stations  are summarized  in Table  III-l




                 Table III-l.  Upper Basin Streamflow Summary
      ncntlon         Jan   Ft h  MarfS  Apr! \   Miiv   t..n.   fnl>
       /            	~	"	os.
      Snali v Rlvrr
       at Mor*n. Uvomln*   460   ISO    110    200  1,4'.f>  1.700  I.OHO  l.?&0 1.140   i in   i m  i',(. j  th.>
      SnuLe River
       at Id thb>-Uy(ifl,ing
       Scat* Line      1.810  1.4)0  1.670  1.7BO  10 040  11.200  4.26O  S,rS70 S.I SO  ?.|h(>  {.110 I ISO ~  ;xn
      Snake Rlv«*r
nea
Henry
n •
81a k,
n a
Por n
•
He 1 ftp. Idaho 2.760
Fork
Rr«t>um. Ida 1.160
oot River
UlacklauC. Ida 110
n f Rlvrr
ocatrllo. Idaho 260
2.550

1.460

tin

100
2.520

1.590

14 i

365
5.110

1.910

280

460
1 1 . 7nO

Z.6F.O

no

170
1 1 . !RO

2.110

110

170
1 2 . 1 50

97O

i,1

70
9 7?O

8)0

Vj

80
7 A7n

1 .CIM)

»-n

100


1. 170 1.4411 1. IMP
w
'l*"l /M 21 lO

If. II , i() 2hl)


1 -tl

IV.

ftk
      Sna e River
         Nerley. Idaho  1.790 2.150  4.04Q.  8.170  11.600 11.210 12.ton II.61O h.MO  J.8W   i--.li I n^n •. !1\
      Snokr River
       at Milner. Idaho  2.140 2.960  1.890  J.B80  1.110   210   110   110   «0  I.Oill  I OK) \.ivt I v.<.
      8lg Loic River
       near Kack.y. Idaho  120   130    130   140   440   870   620   180   190    140   «0  mo  .•>••
      818 Wood River
       near Coodlng. Idaho   90   160    100   WO   500   11}    80    50   80    in   tun   un  i-n
      Snalc Rtver
       • : *lnj Hill. Idaho C.9:0 t^'-O  10.470  10.400  7.990  7.1:0  7.: 1C  >.iU 7.400  «.aln  B.4M h .i,.i >. .-n

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                                                                      III-6



     The Upper Snake River is an intensely regulated drainage system.  There

are 25 existing structures which have storage capacities of 5,000 acre-feet

or more.  Active storage amounts to about 5.1 million acre-feet.  Development

has been directed largely to irrigation, and 21 of the major stotage struc-

tures are principally for this purpose.

     Upstream contributions to the Central Basin consist solely of the Snake

River flow at King Hill.  This inflow is primarily groundwater effluent: from

the Thousand Springs area, augmented at times by sizable, uncontrolled flood

flows..  To this inflow is added the runoff from several major tributaries,

which include the Bruneau, Boise,  Owyhee, Malheur, Payette, Weiser, Powder, and

Burnt Rivers.

     The average annual runoff for the present level of development is about

8,600 cfs at King Hill and 16,300 cfs at Oxbow.  This indicates an increase of

7,700 cfs within the Basin.

     The streamflow regimen of the Snake River and its tributaries in the Central

Basin is characterized by high flows from early spring through the first part

of the summer and low flows from late summer through the winter.  This flow

regimen is typical of streams that receive a large part of their annual runoff
                    »
from melting snow.  In general, the maximum floods for the year occur during

the snowmelt period between March and the last of June.  The runoff of the

Snake River at King Hill is relatively uniform throughout the year, since about

70 percent of  the average annual runoff at this point comes from a group of

springs between Milner and King Hill.  Flows of practically every major tri-

butary stream are affected by storage for irrigation and by irrigation diver-

sions which reduce the summer flows and, to some extent, increase the winter

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                                                                      III-7






flows through return of irrigation water.  Mean monthly discharge data for




selected stations are summarized in Table III-2.




     Critical low-flow conditions occur mainly in late summer and through




the winter.  This is also the period of maximum industrial waste production.




Occurrence of low flows is also a function of  the management regimen of the




basin's waters.  Low flows are often the result of withholding water to build




up storage for irrigation or of the actual diversion to the fields of a sig-




nificant part of a stream.




     There are 36 existing structures which have storage capacities of 5,000




acre-feet or more in the Central Basin.  Active storage amounts to about 4.6




million acre-feet.  Development has been directed largely to irrigation.




The high level of irrigation storage capacfty is accompanied by correspond-




ing diversion capacities.  Considerable alteration has been imposed on the




flow pattern, with two significant effects:  winter flows are diminished as




reservoirs are filled for the irrigation season, and summer flows are de-




pleted at points below irrigation diversions.

-------
                                 Table  III-2.   Central Basin  Streamflow Summary
                              Jan.   Feb.   Mar.   April   May   June   July   Aug.    Sept.   Oct.   Nov.    Dec.  Mean
                              	'.				—CFS		—	-	-	
Bruneau River
  near Hot Springs. Idaho

Owyhec River
  below Owyhee 0~a, Oregon

Boise River
  near Boise, Idaho

Boise River
  at Kocus, Id.iho

Malheur River
  near Hope, Oregon

Payctte River
  near Eoraeshoe Bend,  Ida.

Paysetc River
  near Payetee.  Idaho

Welser River
  near Welscr, Idaho

Snake River
  at Welser, Idaho

Burnt River
  near Hereford.  Oregon*

Powder River
    near Roblne.tte,  Oregon

Snake River
  at Oxbow, Oregon
   140    180    280    790  1,100    850    250   100      80     80    100    120    342


     8      8    200  1,200    600    200    200   200     200     40      8      8    252


   400  1,300  1,000  4,200  5,800  5,200  4,700  4,200  3,200    800    300    200  2,615


   950    900  1,400  2,250  1,750  1,000    350    380    460    680    700    680    960


    80    340    400    600    270     30     50     20     20     20     20     50    162


 1,200  1,200  1,700  4,200  7,300  7,400  3,600  3,400  2,800  1,600  1,100  1.300  3,065


 1,700  1,900  2,400  4,700  6,500  6,000  1,600  1,400  1,500  1,500  1,500  1,700  2,709


   650  1,?!0  2,150  2,750  2,450  1,300    300    200    150    150    250    600  1,006


13,500 15,500 19,000 23,900 21,500 18,000 10,500 10,000 11.500 12,800 12,500 12,800 15,090


    20     25     73    275    155    108     89     90     60     35     15     18    82
      /

   250    380    650  1,100  1,390  1,270    350   -100    100    150    200    220    512


19,500 20,000 22,000 26,500 19,000 17,000  7,300  9.500 12.000 13.400 14,000 16,000 16,277
H
l-l
H

00

-------
             CHAPTER IV.  APPLICABLE WATER QUALITY REGULATIONS





     The Snake River is an interstate stream.  Water quality must meet Federal-



State water quality standards established in accordance with the Federal Watti
      •


Pollution Control Act as amended by the-Water Quality Act of 1965 (33 U.S.C.



466 et seq.).  The Snake River is also a navigable stream.  Discharges of in-



dustrial wastes to navigable waters must comply with the requirements of the



Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401-413).* The Water Quality Improve-



ment Act of 1970 (33 U.S.C. 466 h-1) establishes regulations on discharges of



oil to navigable waters.





A.   WATER QUALITY STANDARDS



     The reaches of the Snake River and its major tributaries considered in this



report are located in either Idaho or Oregon.  The water quality standards es-



tablished by these states are thus of interest.





Idaho



     Water quality standards for the interstate waters of Idaho were established



in June, 1967, by the Idaho State Board of Health, in accordance with the pro-



visions of the Water Quality Act of 1965.  These standards were subsequently
      •


approved as Federal standards by the Secretary of the Interior on August 7, 1967,



In August, 1968, the State Board of Health established additional rules and re-



gulations for all waters of the state including interstate waters and establish-



ing water quality standards for *ll intr?s«-qte waters.



     The approved Federal standards consist of three components:  (1) a designa-



tion of water uses to be protected for each interstate stream reach,  (2) water



quality criteria which specify limits on various water quality parameters, and

-------
                                                                      IV-2






(3)  an implementation plan which sets forth enforcement and surveillance pro-




cedures and a schedule for completion of necessary pollution control facilities




at all sources of pollution.




     Water uses which are to  be protected in the Snake River in Idaho include




domestic and industrial water supply, irrigation, livestock watering, salmonid




fish rearing, other fishing and aquatic life, hunting and wildlife, swimming




and aesthetic qualities.  In  addition, the Snake River is to be protected for




salmonid fish spawning from the Wyoming border to American Falls Reservoir,and




water skiing and pleasure boating are to be protected in all reservoirs.




     The 1967 standards established general water quality criteria which are ap-




plicable to all interstate streams and specific water quality criteria which are




applicable to named stream reaches including the Snake River and Henry's Fork




in the area considered by this report.  The 1968 standards extended the general




criteria to all State waters  and established specific criteria for additional




waters including all tributary waters of interest in the study area.  The 1967




and 1968 standards are reproduced in Appendices A and B respectively.  Excerpts




from these standards of special interest are discussed below.




     A significant requirement contained in the initial standards specifies




that the best practicable treatment and control will be required for all wasti2




sources.  The exact requirement is as follows:




     "It shall be the policy of  the State Board of Health that, notwithstanding




the water quality standards contained herein, where a higher standard can be




achieved, the highest and best practicable treatment and/or control of wastes,




activities and flows shall be provided so as to maintain dissolved oxygen at I'he




highest desirable levels and  overall water quality as good as possible, and water




tempei aluires, coliform bacteria concentrations,  dissolved chemical

-------
                                                                      IV-3






"toxic materials, radioactivity, turbidities, color, odor and other deleterious



factors at the lowest desirable levels.  Such policy to apply not only to exist-



ing waste sources but to future waste sources as they may develop and for such



other interstate streams not listed herein."



     The 1968 standards further defined" treatment requirements.



     "For the purposes of these regulations, minimum adequate treatment Cor



domestic sewage or industrial wastes containing significant organic materirl

                                                    •


shall be equal to that which is commonly known as secondary treatment or th«;



equivalent of 85 percent removal of the biochemical oxygen demand including
      •


adequate disinfection of any wastes which may contain organisms that may pro-



duce disease in man or animals.  In industrial processes, in-plant process con-



trols or alterations, carried out for the primary purpose of waste reduction,



shall be considered as a part of  the treatment process.  Exceptions to second-



ary treatment requirements may be made by the Department of Health when it can



be demonstrated that such exceptions will not adversely effect classified water



quality and will offer adequate protection for all beneficial uses.  Failure



to provide adequate treatment shall be considered a violation of these regula-



tions."




     In addition to requiring a minimum of 85 percent BOD removal, the standards

      7

require that a treatment facility "shall at all times operate . . . with the



highest efficiency that can reasonably be expected. . . ".



     Idaho has thus established relatively stringent waste treatment require-



ments.   As discussed In Chap Leu VI,  however, many waste sources do not presently



meet these requirements,  either because the necessary control facilities have



not been completed or existing facilities are overloaded or improperly operated.

-------
                                                                      IV-4
     In view of the large number of animal feedlots present in the Snake River




Basin, the following regulation established in 1968 is of interest.  Numerous




violations of this regulation have been observed.




     "It shall be a violation of these regulations to store, dispose of, or




allow to accumulate any deleterious material adjacent to or in the immediate




vicinity of any portions of the waters of the State in such a manner that such




material will or is likely to enter the stream at times of high water or runoff




or where drainage from such materials or accidental failure of storage facilities




may transport or allow deleterious material into the water course.  Such materials




shall include, but not be limited to, trash, rubbish, garbage, oil, gasoline,




chemicals, sawdust and accumulations of manure."




     Excessive aquatic growths are present during summer in much of the Snake




River and its major  tributaries.  The general water quality criteria applicable




to all waters provide that State waters shall not contain "excess nutrients of




other than natural origin that cause visible slime growths or other nuisance




aquatic growths".  A number of waste sources discussed in Chapter VI may be in




violation of this criterion.




     A stringent limit on phosphorus and nitrogen compounds was established by




the 1968 standards for lakes or reservoirs used primarily for recreation,




drinking water supplies, fish and wildlife propagation and/or aesthetic purposes.




The regulation provides that "no wastes shall be discharged and no activity shall




be conducted which alone or in combination with other wastes will cause in these




waters measurable concentration of phosphorus or nitrogen compounds above those




of natural origin."  If applicable to American Falls Reservoir, this regulation




is being violated by phosphate industries at Pocatello on the Portneuf River.

-------
                                                                      IV-5






     Two specific water quality criteria of interest are applicable to all




waters in the study area.




     "No wastes shall he discharged and no activities shall be conducted which




either alone or in combination with other wastes or activities will cause in




these waters:




     A.   Organisms of the Coliform Group where Associated with Fecal Sources




          (MPN, equivalent MF or appropriate test using a representative number




          of samples.)  Average concentrations of coliform bacteria to exceed




          1,000 per 100 milliliters, with 20 percent of samples not to exceed




          2,400 per 100 milliliters.




     B .   Dissolved Oxygen (DO)




          DO to be less than 75 percent of saturation at seasonal low or less




          than 100 percent saturation in spawning areas during spawning, hatching,




          and fry stages of salmonid fishes.




          Exception;   Five parts per million at Milner Dam based on a minimum




          stream flow of 600 cubic feet per second at this point."






     The 1968 standards established more stringent bacterial limits for lakes




and reservoirs.  The average and upper  limit concentrations were reduced from




1,000 to 240 per 100 ml and from 2,400  to 1,000 per 100 ml, respectively.  Cor-




responding fecal coliform limits of 50  and 200 per 100 ml were also established.




     Available water quality data indicate frequent violation of the bacterial




limits in popvlous areas and/or areas receiving agricultural drainage.  Froir. the




data, no distinction can be made between human and animal sources ot" bacterial




contamination.  Available data are inadequate to assess the extent of violations




of the more stringent lake and reservoir criteria.

-------
                                                                      IV-6
     The dissolved oxygen limits have been frequently violated in the past in




certain areas such as Lake Milner and Brownlee Reservoir,  during low flow




periods.  Although improved treatment facilities have reduced the frequency




of such violations, such violations still persist.




     The implementation plan established by the 1967 standards contained a




schedule for completion of necessary treatment facilities  by each waste source




not providing adequate treatment.  In general, the  implementation plan provided




for completion by 1970 of minimum treatment facilities requi • d to meet the




water quality standards and for subsequent upgrading of all facilities to




secondary treatment by various dates ranging from 1969 to late 1973.  The ap-




proved implementation schedule is reproduced in Appendix C.  The present status




of compliance with this schedule is unknown, although a number of sources are




known to have completed treatment facilities or have them under construction




in accordance with the schedule.  Other sources would appear to be substantially




behind schedule.






Oregon




     Water quality standards for the  Snake River between Oregon and Idaho were




established in 1967 by the Oregon State Department of  Environmental Quality




and subsequently approved as Federal standards by the Secretary of the Interior




under the provision? of  the Water Quality Act of 1965.  The Oregon standards




contain general and specific water quality criteria essentially tbe same PS  the




Idaho criteria established for these waters.  The Oregon standards also require




"best practicable  treatment" for all waste sources.  Due to the  comparability




of standards, specific details of the Oregon standards are not included here.

-------
                                                                      IV-7
B.   THE RIVERS AND HARBORS ACT OF 1899




     The Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 prohibits the discharge of industrial




wastes to navigable waters without a permit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.




Section 407 of the Act,  referred to as the Refuse Act of 1899, makes it unlawful




to discharge from any "... manufacturing establishment, or mill of any kind,




any refuse matter of any kind or description whatever other than that flowing




from streets and sewers  and passing therefrom in a liquid state, into any




navigable water of the United States, or into any tributary of any navigable




water from which the same shall float or be washed into such navigable water..."




provided that a discharge may be permitted under certain conditions specified




by the Corps of Engineers.




     Executive Order No. 11574, signed by President Nixon on December 23, 1970,




tightens enforcement of  the Refuse Act of 1899 by requiring that all sources




of industrial wastes discharging to navigable waters or their tributaries must




apply to the Corps of Engineers by July 1, 1971, for permits to continue such




discharges.  EPA and the Corps of Engineers have placed in operation a major




joint program to process and review applications for permits.  Each industrial




waste source is also required to have a certification from the appropriate stale




pollution control agency that the waste discharge will not violate water quality




standards.




     Oregon currently has in operation a permit system which requires all sources




of municipal and industrial wastes to have a permit to discharge.  Idaho is in




the process of setting up a permit system.  All waste sources of interest in the




study area will thus be  required in the near future to obtain both a State dis-




charge permit and 3 Federal permit under provisions of the Refuse Act.   These




      s will provide the basic information from which a complete r.unicipal and

-------
                                                                      IV-8
industrial waste inventory can be compiled.

     The Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 and Executive Order No. 11574 are re

produced in Appendices D and E, respectively.



C.   WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT ACT OF 1970

     Federal rules regulating the discharge of oil to navigable waters were

tablished on September 11, 1970,  pursuant to the provisions of  Section

ll(b)(3) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act,  as amended by the Water

Quality Improvement Act of 1970.   These rules prohibit discharges of oil to
                                 t
navigable waters from any source  which:

     "(a) Violate applicable water quality standards, or

     (b)  Cause a film or sheen upon or discoloration of the surface of the

          water or adjoining shorelines or cause a sludge or emulsion to be

          deposited beneath the surface of the water or upon adjoining shore

          lines".



     The complete set of rules is reproduced in Appendix F.

-------
                    CHAPTER V.  WATER QUALITY CONDITIONS






     Available water quality data for the Central and Upper Snake River




Basins are limited.  With the exception of a few long-terra stations in the




Ontario, Oregon - Weiser, Idaho area,  water quality data prior to 1968 are




practically non-existent.  A survey conducted in November-December, 1962 by




the Public Health Service, and a second survey in August, 1966, conducted




by                            the Federal Water Pollution Control Administra-




tion, provided the only comprehensive water quality information on the Basin.




     Since early 1968, routine water quality monitoring has been initiated at




a number of key locations by the Idaho and Oregon State agencies, and by the




Federal Water Quality Administration, which has largely been taken over by the




Geological Survey under contract to EPA.  With the exception of continuous




monitoring during critical seasons at Lake Milner, water quality data are




obtained on a periodic basis,  primarily on a monthly frequency.  Such a




sampling frequency and density is useful for defining general water quality




conditions and long-term trends but is not adequate to fully evaluate specific




pollution problems.




     From the available data,  general water quality conditions in the Basin




have been evaluated as discussed below.   The data are not adequate, however,




to define any significant: long-term enhancement or degradation of quality.  A




more intensive water quality survey during the fall low-flow period is needed




to fully define th-e present status of water quality.

-------
                                                                      V-2



A.   UPPER BASIN


Present Water Quality


     Streams of the Upper Basin generally exhibit high quality in their upper


reaches, which progressively decreases as various uses are made of t.he water,


Water quality degradation is most significant in the lower main-stem Snaks


River and in the lower reaches of the Henry's Fork,  Blackfoot River, Portnsu/
                                                    •

River and Rock Creek.  Water quality problems include excessive production of


aquatic growths, depressed dissolved oxygen levels, high bacterial concentra-


tions and high sediment and dissolved solids concentrations.

                     •
Main Stem Snake River — Depressed dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations are


one good indicator of polluted areas in the Basin, since a major pollutant is


oxygen-demanding materials.  DO concentrations of the Upper Snake are usually


found to be near the saturation level.  However, the DO levels are depressed


at two points within the subregion.  These depressions are evident in the


generalized DO profile of the Snake River shown in Figure V-l.  In summer, the


oxygen level of the wa^er behind American Falls Dam drops several milligrams


per liter (mg/1) below that of the water entering the reservoir.  During 1967,


diurnal fluctuations in the dissolved oxygen concentration, caused by the


photosynthetic and respirational cycle of algae, resulted in  the depression


of dissolved oxygen to the point that a fish kill occurred.   In winter, flow


out of Milner Reservoir drops to a minimum level, ice cover inhibits reaeration


for several months; and, with large amounts of organic wastes entering the re-


servoir, anaerobic conditions and frequent fish kills have resulted.

-------
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FIGUREv-l.  Dissolved Oxygen Profile (Generalized),  Snake River
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                                            DAM
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     FIGURE v-2. BOD Profile  (Generalized),  Snake River

-------
                                                                       V-3






     Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), a measure of the oxygen-utilizing po-




tential of organic materials present in water,  is also a good indicator of




pollution.  Stream reaches receiving large organic waste loads exhibit sig-




nificantly increased BOD,  as shown in  Figure V-2.




     A significant difference can be noted between the winter and summer




responses of the river to imposed waste loads.   In winter, BOD fluctuates




in direct response to waste loadings.  Background levels below one mg/1 rise




sharply as Idaho Falls waste loads enter the river.  From Idaho Falls to




American Falls Reservoir,  the rate of waste stabilization exceeds the rate




at which degradable materials enter the stream; and in the reservoir, BOD




recedes to background levels.  In Milner Reservoir, the wastes of the Burley




area create a seo'ond peak.  Biodegradation and dilution by groundwater in the




Thousand Springs area again reduce BOD to background levels.




     In summer, observed BOD is significantly higher throughout the Upper Snake




Basin than in winter.  This increase occurs even though imposed waste loads are




substantially lower than in winter in the Idaho Falls and Lake Milner areas.




Stream flows are also higher than in winter.  Apparently, the increased BOD




levels are the result of the extensive aquatic growths present during the




summer.  Observed DO levels support this supposition.  In contrast to winter




conditions when DO levels are depressed in stream reaches with high BOD, DO




levels during the summer frequently exceed saturation in areas of high BOD.




     Bacterial concentrations of the Snake River are highly variable.  Coliforn




densities below population centers are high enough that the water is considered




unsuitable for water-contact recreation (greater than 1,000 MPN/100).  Very high




bacterial concentrations are found in the Burley and Idaho Falls areas.  Discharges

-------
                                                                        V-4






of sanitary sewage are unquestionably responsible in some measure for high




bacterial concentration throughout most of the Upper Snake; and such sources




can be, and have been, reduced by more efficient disinfection.  Bacterial




concentrations in the Upper Snake derive in great part, however, from the




large animal populations and from soil bacteria of the heavily irrigated




agricultural areas.  A bacteriological survey to evaluate fecal coliform




and fecal streptococci concentrations is needed to better define the source




of this contamination so that controls may be initiated.




     A generalized temperature profile for extreme winter and summer months




under existing conditions for the Snake River is presented in Figure V-3.




Winter temperatures are generally close to freezing except in areas where




flow is derived largely from ground water.  Reservoirs in the Upper Snake




freeze over annually, and modest icing occurs at other ponded locations.  Near




the headwaters, flows derived from snowmelt remain below 60° F during the summer,




Downstream warming results from exposure to solar radiation and is accelerated




by the effects of some impoundments, streamflow depletion, and irrigation




return flows.  At King Hill, temperacures are moderate throughout the year,




reflecting the fact that most of the flow is derived from the Thousand Springs




area.




     Sediment and suspended organic material result in turbid conditions at many




points in the Basin.  During periods of high runoff, sediment concentrations




reach objectionable levels throughout the area.  Suspended organic matter is




often found in heavy concentrations below food-processing sites, although this




problem is abating as improved waste treatment facilities are completed.

-------
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                          RIVER MIL
FIGURE  v-4. Total Phosphate Profile  (General ized) ,  Snake- River

-------
                                                                        V-5


     The headwaters of the Upper Snake River are relatively low in mineral

content (100 mg/1 dissolved solids or less) and are characterized as calcium

bicarbonate waters.  However, dissolved solids and sodium content show marked

increases downstream as a result of irrigation use.  Samples collected during

a low-flow period in 1965 in the reach from the Idaho-Wyoming border to Buhl,

Idaho, showed a progressive increase in both  dissolved solids concentration

and sodiumradsorption ratio (SAR).  Dissolved solids increased from about

175 to more than 400 mg/1, and SAR increased from 0.2 to 1.5 mg/1.  Below

Buhl, the dissolved solids concentration dropped to 340 mg/1 because of dilu-

tion by spring inflow.  Although pickup of salts from the alluvial materials

in the area contributes somewhat to the downstream increase in mineral content,

pickup of salts by irrigation return flow, coupled with the concentrating effects

of consumptive use for irrigation, are the primary contributors.  The water is

still satisfactory for irrigation of crops; however, in some areas treatment

is required before the water can be used as a municipal or industrial water

supply.

     Concentrations of the two major nutrients, nitrogen and phosphorus, run

high throughout much of the Snake River.  Figure V-4 presents a generalized

total phosphate concentration profile for the Snake River.  High phosphate con-

centrations are evident at all points in the Upper Snake River.  Phosphate con-
                          above Idaho Falls,
centrations rise steadily/ then nearly triple at the head of American Falls

P.eservoir as Lite result of large phosphate loads carried by the Blackfoot anc1

Portneuf Rivers.  Much of the phosphate load is contributed by Pocatello's

phosphate processing industries.  Continuing to rise rapidly througn the se-

quence of reservoirs -- American Falls, Lake Walcott, and Milner -- phosphate

-------
                                                                        V-6






concentrations suggest the influence of groundwater inflows that pass through




natural phosphate deposits and possibly of irrigation return flows, municipal




wastes, and buildup of populations of aquatic biota as well.  In the Thousand




Springs area, phosphates are diluted significantly although concentrations




sustain levels well above those prevailing upstream from American  Falls




Reservoir.




     There is a progressive rise in nitrates in the Upper Basin that is most




marked in the Thousand Springs and American Falls areas, which suggests that




groundwater inflow may be the major influence determining nitrate concentra-




tions.  Concentrations recede below Thousand Springs.  Winter levels materially




exceed those encountered in summer.  The lower production of algae and other




plants under winter conditions restricts biologic uptake of nitrates, while




nitrates contained in food processing may add in some degree to concentrations.




     Throughout its course of passage in the Upper Snake Subregion, the Snake




River supports luxuriant growths of vegetable matter.  Thick blooms of algae




make the water a characteristic opaque green.  Floating rafts of tangled water




weeds are prevalent on the surface of the  Snake and form clinging slimes where




they adhere to rocks and banks.  At times the growths of algae and water weeds




form a complete cover over ponded water and clog irrigation canals.




     Very little information is available on pesticide concentrations in the




Basin.  During the 1966 vater quality survey previously discussed, the FHl'CA




found lelhal pesticide levels in dead fish below American Falls Reservoir.  In




view of the large agricultural areas which drain to the Snake River, an evalua-




tion cf pesticide levels is needed.

-------
                                                                        V-7





     In general, the quality of the Upper Snake River deteriorates progres-



sively as it flows through the Subregion and is subjected to intensive use.



Due to a number of factors, however, this degradation exerts only a limited
       •


influence on water quality in the Middle Basin downstream.  A major portion



of the Upper Basin water supply is consumptively used for irrigation and ether



purposes.  Although the concentrations of a number of constituents such as



phosphates exceed desirable limits, the flow carried' by the Snake River rear



the downstream portion of the Basin is relatively small, averaging about



1,500 cubic feet per second (cfs)  at Milner Dam.  High quality groundwater



inflows in the Thousand Springs area increase the average streamflow leaving
                     •


the Upper Basin to about 8,600 cfs.  The spring flows, in essence, create a



new river of excellent quality.  Water quality problems in the Upper Basin can



thus be considered essentially intrastate problems.





Tributaries -- Dissolved oxygen tends to be high in tributaries.  Even Rock



Creek, a small stream that receives industrial wastes from Twin Falls, main-



tains good dissolved oxygen levels.  Main Drain and Aberdeen Drain, irrigation



return streams, provide exceptions to the generally high dissolved oxygen pat-



tern of the subregion.  Even at the height of the irrigation season, oxygen
       }


levels in the drains are low in places;  and in winter when a large portion of



the flows is food-processing wastes, oxygen contents are often totally depleted,



     Bacterial quality in tributaries is highly variable.  In general, however,



coliform densities below population centers are high enough that the water is



considered unsuitable for water-contact  recreation.  Very high bacterial counts



have been recorded in Rock Creek,  Aberdeen Drain,  and Main Drain.

-------
                                                                           V-8


     Sediment and suspended organic materials result in turbid conditions in

many tributaries.  During periods of high runoff, sediment concentrations

reach objectionable levels throughout the area.  Inorganic materials are

visible in the waters of the Fortneuf River below the J. R. Simplot phosphate

processing plant near Pocatello and result in thick, unsightly bank and bottom

deposits.  Irrigation returns are a summer source of localized turbidity.

Silt, vegetable matter, and colloidal materials of soil or vegetable origin

are often visible floating or in sr-spension in waters flowing through agri-

cultural areas.

     The major tributaries entering the Snake River from the north contain

waters of the calcium-magnesium bicarbonate type, with smaller amounts of

sodium, chloride, and sulfate.  Their dissolved solids concentrations range

from less than 100 to slightly more than 300 mg/1 and average less than 250 nv§/l.

Tributaries entering the Snake River from the south are usually more mineral-

ized and have larger percentages of sodium, chloride, and sulfate.

     Concentrations of basic nutrients,  nitrogen and phosphorus, are high in

several tributaries.  The Portneuf and Blackfoot Rivers consistently discharge
                                        k
heavy phosphate loadings to the Snake River.  The largest increment of Snake

River phosphate loading occurs with the entry of the Portneuf River, which

carries the wastes of phosphate reduction processing plants.  At least 35,000

pounds per day of phosphates enter American Falls Reservoir from the Portneuf.

This amount, provides the greatest share of more titan ''sOjGOO pounds per day that

are carried by the Snake River.  The Blackfoot Reservoir, near the head of

Blackfoot  River, is situated on top  of a seam of phosphate-bearing earths.

This has resulted in significant phosphate concentrations in the Blackfoot River.

-------
                                                                        V-9






Heavy aquatic growths are also present in these streams as a result of the




high nutrient contents.  Problems of nuisance aquatic growths occur in many




other tributaries in the Upper Snake Basin,  but are generally localized in




extent.






Summary of Water Quality Problem Areas




     Water quality problem areas are summarized graphically in Figure V-5.




These problem areas are primarily associated with the Idaho Falls, Pocatello,




Burley, and Twin Falls population Centers.




     A combination of inadequately treated  municipal and industrial wastes




from the Burley area and reduced stream flows during winter months has pro-




duced severe water quality degradation in Lake Milner, resulting in three




major fish kills.   Dissolved oxygen during the fish kills was depressed to




almost anaerobic conditions.   Most industrial waste sources in the Burley area




are constructing secondary treatment facilities which are scheduled to be




operational by Fall,  1971.  This level of treatment may not be adequate, however,




to maintain suitable water quality in Lake  Milner.




     American Falls Reservoir suffers from  excessive aquatic growths, dissolved




oxygen depressions, and high  pesticide levels.  Quality problems are caused by




residual waste loads from upstream sources,  phosphate-processing wastes from




the Pocatello area, and agricultural waste  water from the area immediately ad-




jacent to the reservoir.  Excessive nutrient concentrations promote nuisance-




level algal growth within the reservoir.  Impairment of reservoir use for rec-




reation and fishery purposes  has occurred.




     Water quality problems occur in the  Snake River below Idaho Falls and in




the South Fork Teton River where low Hissolved oxygen and high b?cterial densities

-------
                                                                      ALGAE: AQUATIC
                                                                          SLIME
                                    LDWpH. PHOSPHATES
Figure V-5.  Major Water Quality  Problem Areas - Upper Basin

-------
                                                                        V-10



result from a combination of municipal and industrial waste discharges and


streamflow depletions caused by irrigation diversions.



     Aberdeen Drain, Main Drain,  and Rock Creek suffer from low dissolved


oxygen levels, high bacterial densities,  and nuisance aesthetic conditions,
      •

Each of these small waterways receives .large quantities of inadequately treated



municipal and industrial wastes and agricultural waste waters.



     The Portneuf River is characterized by low pH levels, high phosphate con-


centrations, sludge beds, and high bacterial counts."  These problems result



from inadequately treated domestic wastes, phosphate processing plant wastes,



and land drainage.


     The Blackfoot Reservoir, located on the top of a seam of phosphate-bearing
                    •

earths,  is fouled with algae.  Downstream, the river is characterized by a thick



silt bottom that is choked with growths of grasses and water weeds.



B.   CENTRAL BASIN


Present Water Quality



     Water quality conditions in the Central Snake Basin follow a pattern simi-



lar to the conditions present in the Upper Basin:  high quality in upper stream



reaches with progressive degradation below areas of intensive water use.  The



most serious water quality problems occur in the Boise River below Boise, Idaho,



and in 'the Snake River between Idaho and Oregon below the mouth of the Boise


River.



Main Stem Snake River -- As the Snake River enters the Central Snake Basin,



groundwater inflows in the Thousand Springs area create, in essence, a new



river of excellent quality.  A progressive deterioration in water quality occurs



as the Snake flows through the Basin, particularly in the reach of the stream



below the mouth of the Boise River.

-------
                                                                        V-il


     Brownlee Reservoir, located on the downstream edge of the Central Basin,

produces substantial enhancement of water quality through assimilation of

upstreafii pollution loads.  Water quality leaving the Central Basin is thus
                                        •
significantly improved over conditions above Brownlee Reservoir.
                   DO
     A generalized/profile  for the Snake River is shown in Figure V-l.

DO concentrations of the Central Snake are usually found to be near the satura-

tion level.  However, a persistent oxygen depression occurs in Brownlee Reser-

voir.  Surface DO levels in the reservoir are consistently four or five mg/1

under the levels found immediately upstream.  During late summer the deeper

portions of the reservoir are frequently devoid of oxygen.

     As shown by Figure V-2, BOD in the Central Snake River varies significantly

from summer to winter.  In winter, BOD directly reflects the effects of imposed

organic waste loads.  Background levels around one mg/1 rise sharply as the

result of food processing and other waste loads in the Boise, Idaho, and Ontario,

Oregon, areas.  Between Ontario, Oregon, and Brownlee Reservoir, BOD declines

since the rate of waste stabilization exceeds the rate at which oxygen-demanding

materials enter the stream.  Further stabilization occurs in Brownlee Reservoir.

     Summer BOD levels are  substantially higher in much of the Snake River.  As

in the Upper Snake Basin, this is apparently the result of extensive aquatic

growths.

     Bacterial concentrations in the Central Snake River are highly variable

with levels exceeding acceptable limits for water-oriented recreation frequently

occurring below agricultural areas and/or population centers.  Very high bac-

terial concentrations are found in the Snake River below the mouth of Boise River,

Runoff from animal fccJlocs may be largely responsible for Lhis contamination.

-------
                                                                        V-12






A comprehensive bacteriological survey is needed to define the sources of bac-




terial pollution.




     Water temperatures in much of the Snake River in this Basin are influenced




by the Thousand Springs' inflow as shown in Figure V-3.  Near the upper end of




the Basin, stream temperatures are moderated by the spring flows.  In winter,




cooling results as the warmer, spring-fed waters pass through the Basin.  In




summer, significant temperature increases occur, since flov* depletions due to




storage and diversions and the surface return of irrigation waters warmed on




fields act together to raise prevailing temperatures.  During June and July




the average monthly water temperature at King Hill is between 65° and 66  F.




The average monthly water temperature is increased to over 70° F at Weiser,




and daily maximum temperatures of 75  to 76° F are commonly recorded.  Brownlee




Reservoir moderates temperatures leaving the Basin, releasing cooler waters than




reservoir inflows in summer and warmer waters in winter.




     Sediment and suspended organic material result in turbid conditions at many




points.  During periods of high runoff, sediment concentrations reach objection-




able levels throughout the area.  Suspended organic matter is often found in




heavy concentrations below food processing plants, although this problem is




receding as waste treatment advances.




     The average dissolved solids concentration as the Snake River enters the




subregion is about 340 mg/1.  The dissolved solids level of the Snake charges




very little, e^en though the highly mineralized waters of t*ie Malheur and Owyh.ce




Rivers may exceed a concentration of 1,000 mg/1.




     Figure V-4 shows a generalized total phosphate profile for the Snake River,




In the Thousand Springs area, phosphate concentrations decline dus to tht effect

-------
                                                                        V-13






of dilution from groandwater inflow.   However,  concentrations are still con-




siderably above 0.03 mg/1,  often considered to be the threshold level for




nuisance algal production.   Tributary inflows of the Owyhee, Malheur, and




Boise Rivers cause an increase in the level of phosphate concentrations.




The deep pool environment of Brownlee Reservoir results in sequestration of




phosphates, probably through the settling of dead aquatic growths that incar-




nate phosphorus.   The result is that the Snake River below Brownlee carries




much lighter loads of phosphates than it does within the reservoir.




     High nitrate concentrations are  evident at most points in the Central




Snake River.  There is a marked rise  in the Thousand Springs area to concen-




trations above 1.0 mg/1, suggesting that groundwater inflows may be the major




influence determining nitrate concentrations.  Concentrations recede below




Thousand Springs to about 0.5 mg/1 at Brownlee Dam.  Winter levels materially




exceed those encountered in summer.  No explanation is available, although it




may be said that lower production of  algae and other plants under winter




climatic conditions restricts biological uptake of nitrates, while nitrates




contained in wastes of food processing may add in some degree to concentrations.




     As in the Upper Basin, the high nutrient concentrations support heavy




aquatic growths throughout the Central Snake River.  These growths are respon-




sible for nuisance conditions in a number of areas.






Tributaries -- Water quality in tributaries of the Central Snake Basin is highly




variable.  The mountain streams (Payette and Weiser) tend to be clear and cool




with h5.gh chemical quality.  The Bruneau, Owyhee, Malheur, and other triburaries




that flow  through the immense plateau south and west of  the Snake are usually

-------
                                                                        V-14


warm and are high in sediment and dissolved solids.  The Boise River is cf

excellent quality in its headwater areas, but various waste sources signifi-

cantly ^degrade the quality in the lower reaches.

     Dissolved oxygen levels tend to be'high in tributaries.  Even IndLar. Crrck,

a small stream that receives the wastes from Nampa, Idaho, maintains good dis-

solved oxygen levels.  However, dissolved oxygen deficiencies have occurred
                                                    »
in sections of the Boise River where, seasonally, waste discharges constitute

the major portion of the floxv.
       •
     Bacterial quality in tributaries is highly variable, with high concentra-

tions frequently occurring below population centers.  As on the Snake River3

animal was.tes may be largely responsible for such contamination.  The Boise

River and Indian Creek, a tributary of the Boise River, have exhibited ex-

cessive bacterial levels.

     As elsewhere in the Basin, sediment and suspended organic materials result

in turbid conditions at many locations, with objectionable levels occurring

during periods of high runoff.  Sludge deposits produced by the settling out

of organic materials from food processing have been a problem in the past in

the Boise River.
       ?
     The natural chemical quality of the tributaries reflects the variation in

climate.  In the headwaters of the Boise, Payette, and Weiser Rivers, where pre-

cipitation averages about 40 inches, the waters are a dilute (less than 100 mg/1

dissolved solids) cal ciur.i-m.ignesium bicarbonate type.  The othor stre.^:..G drain-

ing this Basin (Bruneau, Owyhee, Malheur, and Powder Rivers) are typical of most

semiarid areas of the Snake River.  They contain fairly dilute  (100 to 200 mg/1

dissolved solids) bicarbonate type waters in their upper reaches.  The amounts

-------
                                                                      V-15






of calcium and sodium vary,  with calcium usually predominating during the




high flow periods.  During most of  the year,  however, sodium is the pre-




dominant cation.  Most of the streams show dramatic changes in mineral qual-




ity as a result of irrigation return flows.  The dissolved solids concentra-




tion can increase tenfold or more, and the chemical composition is altered.




The Owyhee, Boise, and Malheur Rivers show the greatest change.








Summary of_ Water Quality Problem Af-'eas




     Water quality problem areas are summarized graphically in Figure V-6.




These areas are primarily located between Boise, Idaho, and Brownlee Dam.




     The lower Boise River has repeatedly become polluted under circumstances




that included deficient streamflow.  Efficient waste  treatment is generally




practiced by the municipalities and industries in this reach, but diversions




for irrigation and flow interruptions connected with  the operation of Lucky




Peak Dam have had undesirable consequences on downstream water quality.  Also,




agricultural drainages from cattle feedlots and irrigation return flows have




contributed to increased stream temperatures, turbidity, bacterial contamina-




tion, and heavy algal growths in  the  lower Boise River.




     The Snake River between the mouth of  the Boise River and Brownlee Reser-




voir is characterized by settling and floating solids  from the discharge of




municipal and industrial wastes.  These conditions have tended  to form offen-




sive and use-inhibiting nuisances.  Bacterial ooiicamination has also been  evi-




dent in this reach.




     Brownlee Reservoir serves as a trap for residual pollution loads and  sedi-




ments  from  the  lower Central Snake Basin.  As a result, the  reservoir has  a

-------
                                                              MUNICIPAL 8 INDUSTRIAL WASTES
     ALGAE.
     LOW DO,
   EXCESSIVE
     SOLIDS
COLIFORM
3ACTERIA,
--XCESSIVE
'SOLIDS
LIFORM BACTERIA. TURBIDITY.
    EXCESSIVE SOLIDS
                    OfttCOH /
                    NEVADA  "^--v""   ~l~
    HIGH SUMMER,
   TEMPERATURES,
     EXCESSIVE
       SOLIDS,
       ALGAE
             4
          Figure V-6.   Major Water Quality  Problem  Areas - Central Basin

-------
                                                                       V-16






constant oxygen deficiency of four to five mg/1.  Lush growths of algae mark




the pool during much of the year,  and anaerobic decomposition of organic ma-




terial that has settled to the bottom of the pool produces noxious odors when




reservoir turnover occurs.




     The Owyhee and Malheur Rivers have naturally low water quality, and in-




tensive irrigation use degrades them further.  These streams are seasonally




warm, high in sediment and dissolved solids, and burdened with heavy aquatic




growths.

-------
                CHAPTER VI.   SUMMARY OF  POLLUTION SOURCES




     With the  exception of  excessive nutrient concentrations and sediment


loads which are partially  attributable  to natural sources of pollution,


the major water quality problems  in the Snake River are the result of


various man-made sources  of pollution  in combination with man's manipula-


tion of stream flows.  Due to the relatively low population density, domes-


tic wastes alone are not  a significant  source of pollution where adequate


treatment is provided.  In a number of  cases, however, municipal waste facilities



treat  large industrial waste loads and  discharge major pollution loads.


     Industrial waste sources, of which food processing plants and  sugar re-


fineries are  the most important,  discharge  large organic waste  loads with
                                            r

inadequate  treatment inmost cases.  Return flows  from large  irrigated areas


and  drainage  from numerous animal feedlots  are  significant  sources  of agri-



cultural pollution.


      Available  data  on pollution sources were compiled from three basic  types



of information.  Most municipal  and industrial  waste  sources  listed in  the


current STORET inventories were  visited  during  the field reconnaissance  and


some updating of  source data was  obtained.   A thorough review of phore  direc-


 tories for all the  major  population centers was utilized to produce an ex-


panded inventory  of potential industrial waste  sources including some feedlots.


A few of these sources were  visited and actual  waste discharges verified.


Water qxiality management  planning reports provided information on other types



 of pollution sources.


      There are a number  of distinct population centers in the Snake River Casin



 whim are created by either proximity  of communities and/or economic ties of

-------
                                                                        VI-2






industries.  There are twelve such areas,  called service areas, which have



been designated within the area covered by this report.  For simplicity, pol-



lution sources will be discussed by service area.  Service area descriptions



are summarized in Table VI-1.  Locations are shown in Figure VI-1.






A.   MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE SOURCES



Rexburg Service Area



     This service area is located at the upstream limit of the study area



covered by this report.  Due to the small population, municipal, waste loads



in this area are small, totaling slightly more than two mgd.  Specific sources



are listed in Table VI-2, which was prepared from STORET Municipal Inventory



data.  For some sources, this table reflects updated information obtained by



the field reconnaissance.  Municipal waste treatment facilities in this area
                                                                      \


are believed to be adequate.



     Potential industrial waste sources for this area  are  listed in Table Vl-3.



Of the 17 potential sources  listed in  the phone directory, five are listed  in



the STORET inventory and two are known  to have waste discharges.  Only  one  dis-



charge is considered  to be  a major waste source  (greater  than  one million gal-



lons per day).  Rogers Brothers Co., a  large potato processing plant, formerly



discharged wastes  to  the South Fork Teton River  following  primary treatment.



A large scale  land disposal  system was  placed  in operation during the past  pro-



cessing season.  The  adenuacy of  this  disposal system  has  not  been evaluated




by field surveys.



     Saint Anthony Starch Co., a  small starch  manufacturing  plant located  in



Saint Anthony, discharges inadequately treated wastes  to  Henry's Fork.  Al-



though  this  source is  small,  at  low streamflow conditions produced by diversion

-------
                           TABLE VI-L

                Summary of Economic Service Areas
               Upper and Middle Snake River  Basins
                                                                  VI-3
Service
Area
1. Rexburg

2. Rigby



3. Idaho Falls *

4. Blackfoot


5. Pocatello *


6. American Falls
7. Burley *



8. Twin Falls *





Communities
Rexburg
St. An th ony
Rigby
Lewisville
Ririe
Roberts
Idaho Falls

Blackfoot
Firth
Shelley
Pocatello
Inkom
Aberdeen
Am. Falls
Burley
Heyburn
Paul
Rupert
Twin Falls
Buhl
Filer
Jerome
Gooding
Tuttle
Counties
Madison
Fremont
Madison
Jefferson
ii
ii
Bonneville

Bingham
ii
"II
Banock
ii
Bingham
Power
Cassia
Minidoka
M
ii
Twin Falls
n •
ii
Jerome
Gooding
n
1965
Population
(1000)
15.0

9.1



52.3

15.9


47.7


4.1
24.5



40.5





Streams
Directly
Affected
Henry's Fork &
S .Fk. Teton R. **
Snake R.



Snake R. below
Idaho Falls **
Snake R. above
American Falls
Reservoir **
Portneuf River **
American Falls
Reservoir **
Snake River
Milner Reser-
Reservoir **


Rock Creek **
Snake River




9. Mtn. Home
Mtn. Home
Elmore
12.0
Snake River
* Major service area

** Water quality problem area

-------
                                                                 VI-4
                 Summary of Economic Service Areas (continued)
                Upper and Middle Snake River Basins
Service
Area
10. Boise *





1 1 . Emme 1 1
12. Ontario





Communities
Boise
Eagle
Garden City
Caldwell
Nampa
Homedale
Emmett
Ontario, Ore .
Nyssa, Ore.
Vale, Ore.
Weiser
Payette
Fruitland
1965
Counties Population
(1000)
Ada 146.3
"
"
Canyon
ti
Owyhee
Gem 4.0
Malheur,0re .
ti
"
Washington
Payette
M
Streams
Directly
Affected
Boise R. **
Snake R.




Payette R.
Snake R.
Brownlee
Reservoir **



13.  Baker
Baker
Baker
10.0
                                                              Powder R.

-------
 PAGE NOT
AVAILABLE
DIGITALLY

-------
                              TABLE VI-2

                         Municipal Waste Sources

                   Upper and Middle Snake River Basins
                                                                    VI-5
Community
Ashton


St. Anthony
 Youth Center

Parker

St. Anthony

Rexburg

Sugar City
Menan

Rigby

Ririe

Roberts
Ammon

Idaho Falls
Receiving
Waters
IDAHO
Rexburg Service
Drain Ditch to
Snake River?
Henry's Fork
--
Henry's Fork
S . Fk. Teton R.
Henry's Fork
Teton River
Rigby Service
No Discharge
Snake River
No Discharge
Roberts Slough to
Snake River
Population
Served

Area
1,167
--
380
2,000
7,025
500
Area
493
2,500
500
--
Flow Type
MGD Treatment

0.13 Lagoons
See St. Anthony
None
0.54 Lagoons
1.35 Lagoons
0.20 Aerated Lagoons
None
Aerated Lagoons
Lagoons
Secondary
Idaho Falls Service Area
No Discharge
Snake River
2,450
33,161
None
6.0 Primary with
                                                                   chlorination

-------
     TABLE VI-2 (continued)
      Municipal Waste Sources
Upper and Middle Snake River Basins
                                                 VI-6
Community
Blackfoot
Firth
Fort Hall
Shelley
Chubbuck
Inkom
Pocatello
Aberdeen
Receiving Population
Waters Served
IDAHO
Blackfoot Service
Snake River
Snake River *
Local Drain to
Snake River
Snake River
Pocatello Service
Portneuf River
Portneuf River
Portneuf River
Aberdeen Drain

Area
7,000
250
600
1,800
Area
2,000
500
38,000
985
Flow Type
MGD Treatment

.9 Primary
.03 Lagoons
Lagoons
.3 Lagoons
None .
Pocatello Future
Aerated Lagoons
5.5 Primary
.1 Septic Tank
American Falls Service Area
American Falls
Snake River
2,000
.3 Trickling Filter
Chlorination
burley Service Area
Albion
Bur ley
Delco
_ _
Snake River
Marsh Creek
415
7,500
235
None
11. Aerated Lagoons
None

-------
                        TABLE VI-2  (continued)

                        Municipal Waste Sources
                   Upper and Middle Snake River Basins
                                                                    VI-7
Community
Heyburn

Paul


Rupert
Gooding



Hagerman

Wendell

Jerome



Buhl

Castleford

Filer

Hansen

Kimberly
Receiving
Waters
IDAHO
Burley Service Area
Snake River
•
Main Drain f
Minidoka Project
Snake River
Population
Served
(continued)
850
500
4,800
Flow Type
MGD Treatment
Primary
2. w/chlorination
.01 Imhoff Tank -
Chlorination
1.8 Aerated Lagoons -
Chlorination
Twin Falls Service Area
Little Wood River

--
No Discharge
Irrigation Canal

Mud Creek
--
Ditch to Lava Crevice
2,000

430
1,400
4,900

2,800
275
1,350
.30 Highrate Tricklin,
Filter-Chlorina-
tion
None
. 10 Lagoons
.80 Highrate Tricklin
Filter-Chlorina-
tion
.30 Aerated Lagoons
None
.13 Aerated Lagoons
Drain to Snake River

Drain Ditch
1,300
       Lagoons

.13     Highrate Tricklin
       Filter-Chlorina-
         tion
Murtaugh
No Discharge
  208
.02
None

-------
                         TABLE VI-2  (continued)
                                                                    VI-8
                         Municipal Waste Sources

                   Upper and Middle Snake River Basins
Community
     Receiving
       Waters
Population     Flow       Type
  Served        MGD     Treatment
                                  IDAHO
                   Twin Falls Service Area (continued)
Twin Falls
Snake River
  18,000
2.6      Primary w/
          Chlorination
                    Mountain Home Service Area
Mountain Home
West Side Canal
   9,000
 .6
Lagoons
                           Boise Service Area
Ada County
 Fairgrounds

Idaho State
 Correction
 Institution

Boise
Boise River
Local Drain to
 Boise River
Boise River
      55
  75,000
                        Aerated Lagoons
                         Chlorination
 .01     Lagoon
9.0      Activated Sludge-
          Chlorination
Boise Bench
 Sewer District

Gowen Field
 Boise

Eagle
Boise City System
Drain to
 Boise River

Eagle Drain to
 Boise River
  21,700


   1,200


     750
         See Boise
         Highrate Tricklir
          Filter

         Lagoons

-------
                         TABLE VI-2 (continued)

                         Municipal  Waste  Sources

                   Upper and Middle Snake River Basins
                                                                    VI-9
Community
     Receiving
       Waters
Population     Flow       Type
  Served        MGD     Treatment
                                  IDAHO
                   Boise
          Service Area (continued)
Garden City



Kuna


Meridian



Northwest Boise


Star


Caldwell



Greenleaf

Melba

Middleton


Nampa
Davis Drain to          1,000
 Boise River
No  Discharge             530
Drain to Ten Mile       1,800
 Creek to Boise Cr.
To City of Boise to     8,000
 Boise River

Drain Ditch to            500
 Boise River

Boise River            10,000
Drain to Boise R.         100

No Discharge              300

N. Middleton Drain        500
 to Boise River

Indian Creek           20,500
                .3      Highrate Tricklir
                         Filter -
                         Chlorination

                . 1      Lagoons -
                         Chlorination

               7.6      Highrate Tricklir
                         Filter -
                         Chlorination

                        See Boise
                 .1      Lagoons


                6. 0      Highrate Tricklit
                         Filter -
                         Chlorination

                        None

                        None

                 . 1      Lagoons
               11.4      Highrate Trickli:
                         Filter -
                         ChLori.ii3Lion

-------
                         TABLE VI-2  (continued)

                         Municipal Waste Sources

                   Upper and Middle Snake River Basins
                                                                    VI-10
Community
     Receiving
       Waters
Population     Flow       Type
  Served        MGD     Treatment
                                  IDAHO
                   Boise
          Service Area (continued)
Notus
Parma
Wilder
Homedale
Mar sing

Boise River
Boise River
Wilder Drain to
Snake River
Snake River
Snake River
Emmett Service
250
1,400
600
1,250
500
Area
.03
.65
.1
.12
.1

                                                                  Lagoons

                                                                  Lagoons

                                                                  None


                                                                  Lagoons

                                                                  Aerated Lagoons
Emme11
Payette River
  3,500
       Lagoons
                          Ontario Service Area
Fruitland

Fruitland
 Gayway Water
 & Sewer Assn.

New Plymouth
Payette
Snake River

Snake River
Drain Ditch to
 Payette River

Payette River
    600

    500



  1,000


  3,500
.9      Lagoons

       Lagoons



.6      Lagoons
.6      Primary w/
        Chlorination

-------
                           TABLE  VI-2  (continued)

                          Municipal Waste Sources
                    Upper and  Middle Snake River Basins
                                                                     VI-11
C ommun i ty
     Receiving
       Waters
Population     Flow       Type
  Served        MGD     Treatment
                                   IDAHO
                     Ontario Service Area (continued)
Weiser
Snake River
  4,000
1.
Primary
                                  OREGON
                           Ontario Service  Area
Nyssa, Ore.

Ontario, Ore,
Ontario, Ore.
 Project #1

Ontario, Ore,
 Project #2
Snake River

Malheur River


Malheur River


Malheur River
  2,500

  6,390


  6,400
 .5      Secondary

2.7      Lagoons  -
          Chlorination

         None
                        None
Vale, Ore.
Malheur River
  1,700
 .2      Lagoons

-------
                                                                     VI-12
                                TABLE VI-3.

         Potential  Industrial Waste  Sources  - Rexburg Service Area
Indus try
  Name
  Madison Co-Op Assn.
    Inc.

  Nelson-Ricks
    Creamery Co.

   arner Ted Ready-Mix
    .Concrete Co.
    r,
   alters Ready-Mix
    Concrete Co.

  Challenge Fine
    Dairy Foods

  Ellen's Dairy &
    Snack Bar

  Young Ron
    Meadow Gold Distr.

  Rexburg Livestock
    Auction Inc.

  Chuck's Custom Pack

./^Rogers Brothers Co.
American Oil Farm Ctr,

Meyers Bros. Feed
  Lots, Inc.
Hopperdietzel Cheese
  Factory
Industry
  Type
                                 Rexburg
                         Agricultural
                         Chemicals

                         Cheese
Address
                    101 East Main
                    17 Carlson Ave,
                                                                    Status
                         Concrete-*Ready Mix   247 N.  1st E.
                         Sand & Gravel

                         Concrete-Ready Mix   342 W.  4th N.
                         Sand & Gravel
                         Dairies
                         Dairies
                         Dairies
                    33 N. 1st E.
                    148 S. Center
                    314 E. 3rd S.
                         Livestock  Auction    N.  of Rexburg
                         Markets
                         Meat  Packers

                         Potatoes-
                          Processed
                    W. of Rexburg

                    N. of Rexburg
       Sugar City

Chemicals           Sugar City

Livescock Buyers    Sugar City
Livestock Feeding

       St. Anthony

Cheese              39 E. 6th S.
                      * * M

-------
                                                                     VI-13
                         TABLE VI-3  (continued)

         Potential  Industrial Waste Sources  - Rexburg Service Area
Indus try
  Name
^Garrett Grover Ready-
Y ' Mix
  ^
      P Concrete Co.


  Dairyland Dairy

    ".  Anthony Starch Co.
Industry
  Type
Address
                          St. Anthony  (continued)

                         Concrete-Ready Mix   1012  S. 4th W.
                         Concrete-Ready Mix  St. Anthony
                         Sand & Gravel
                                 e
                         Dairies             630 E.  2nd N.
                                                                    Status
                         Starch Manuf.
                    251 S.  Bridge
                      * *
*  Source listed in STORET Industrial  Inventory

#  Known waste discharge
M  Major waste source

-------
                                                                      VI-14
and/or storage of flow for  irrigation purposes,  significant pollution has




resulted.   A similar situation exists below Rexburg on the South Fork Teton




River.




     The magnitude of waste sources in this service area would appear to  in-




dicate that pollution is primarily a local nuisance problem and has little




downstream effect.  Provision of adequate treatment for the Saint Anthony




Starch Co. would minimize present problems if the Rogers Bros. Co. disposal




system performs as designed.  Thi^ area could probably be eliminated from an




intensive field investigation.






Rigby Service Area




     This service area also has a small population and few industrial waste




discharges.  Municipal waste sources are listed in Table VI-2.  Municipal




waste treatment facilities  are believed to be adequate.  No known significant




water quality problems exist in this area.




     At Ririe, a small Kraft Food  Co. cheese plant discharges untreated




wastes to an irrigation canal.  This discharge,  which causes nuisance condi-




tions when the canal is dry, would appear to be  a local pollution problem.




     Idaho Fresh Pak, Inc.,  operates a large potato processing plant adjacent




to Dry Bed Creek near Lewisville.  The adequacy  of treatment at this facility




is unknown.  Dry Bed Creek  flows into the Snake  River about five miles below




the waste discharge.  A potential for a local pollution problem exists at this




location.




     A total of 18 potential industrial waste sources have been identified in




this service area.  Of this total, five are listed in the STORET inventory and

-------
                                                                       VI-15
                                 TABLE VI-4

           Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Rigby Service Area
 Industry
   Name
Industry
  Type
Address
Status
 Hunter Chemical
   & Farm Supply

 Kfeatts Food Div. of
Y/K.raftco Corp.
                                    Ririe
Agricultural
 Chemicals

Cheese
350 E. Miller


115 W. Hiway 26
* *
 Rigby Coal, Feed &
   Seed Co.

 Rigby Ready Mixed
   Concrete

 Dairyland Dairy
 Al Straughn
   Livestock Co.

 Jones Custom Meat

 Paramount Locker
   Service

 Rushton Custom
   Butchering

 Utah-Idaho Sugar Co.
Chemicals
201 S. State
Concrete-Ready Mix  Rigby
Sand & Gravel

Dairies             260 S. State
Dairy Prod.-Retail
Livestock Buyers


Meat-Retail

Meat-Retail


Meat-Retail


Sugar Refiners
Rigby


N. of P-igby

171 E. Main


Rigby


Rigby
 Idaho Feeders, Inc.
 Glenwood Custom Pack

 Golden Valley
   Packers, Inc.
         Roberts

Livestock Buyers
 & Com'l Feeding

Meat Packers

Meat-Retail
 "complete render-
  ing service
  available"
Roberts
2 E. Park Ave.

3 mi. S . on
 Idaho FalIs Hwy,

-------
                                                                       VI-16
                           TABLE VI-4 (continued)

          Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Rigby Service Area
  Industry
   Name
 Clement Bros,
   Livestock

 Tolman Merc.
  Clement Bros .

       Fresh -Pak Inc.
Industry
  Type
Address
                                 Lewisville
Livestock Feeding   Lewisville
Meat-Retail
 "meat cut &
 wrapped for
 freezers"
\/Ball Bros. Produce Co.   Potatoes
Lewisville
                    Lewisville
Potatoes
Produce-Wholesale ,  Lewisville

Potatoes
Potatoes-Processed  Lewisville
Status
                                                                    * * M
  *  Source  listed  in STOKET Industrial Inventory

  #  Known waste discharge
  M  Major waste source

-------
                                                                      VI-17



only two are known to have a waste discharge including one major discharge.



Idaho Falls Service Area.

     This major service area, with a population in excess of 50,000 and a

large number of industries, exerts a detrimental effect on water quality in

the Snake River during low flow periods.  Idaho Falls is served by a primary

treatment plant which also treats some industrial wastes.  This treatment

level is inadequate.

     A total of 44 potential industrial waste sources have been identified

for this area.  Only ten of these sources are listed in STORET.  Four sources

are known to discharge inadequately treated wastes, three of which are major

sources.  It is highly probable that a number of other sources discharge in-
                                           •
adequately treated wastes including the large Utah-Idaho Sugar Co. refinery

at Lincoln, for which the waste treatment status is unknown.  Known major

waste sources include the Idaho Potato Division of Western Farmers Associa-

tion, the Idaho Potato Foods Co., and Rogers Bros. Co.

     A number of industrial sources apparently plan to connect to the Idaho

Falls city system when a planned secondary treatment facility is constructed.

The timing on this facility is unknown but would appear to be several years

away.  Water quality conditions below Idaho Falls in the Snake River are sub-

stantially degraded during low flow periods.  A source survey and water qual-

ity investigation is needed in this area to provide a basis for evaluating the

need for enforcement actions.



Blackjfcoj^ Service Area

     This is a small service area.  Its location adjacent to  the reach of  the

Sna!:e River affected by Idaho Falls pollution sources and presence of several

-------
                                                                     VI-18
                               TABLE VI-5

       Potential  Industrial Waste Sources - Idaho Falls Service Area
Industry
  Name
Industry
  Type
                                              Address
Status
  Cominco American


  Geisler Farm  Supply

  Simplot Soilbuilders

  Wasatch Chem.  Co.

  Idaho Portland
\f/ Cement Company

  Wallace Dairy

  Bonneville Supply

  Farm Builder  Bio Chem

    T P Concrete Co.

  Burns Bros. Concrete

  Challenge Fine
    Dairy Foods

  Cream Top Dairy

  Dairyland Dairy

  Eastern Idaho Dairy

  Reed Bros. Dairy
    Farm Depot.

  Rowland's Dairy

  Wallace Dairy
                               Idaho Falls

                        Agr. Chem.
                        Fertilizers-Dlrs

                        Agr. Chem.
                                 t
                        Agr. Chem.

                        Agr. Chem.

                        Cement-Wholesale
                         & Manufacturers

                        Cheese

                        Chemicals

                        Chemicals

                        Concrete-Beady Mix

                        Concrete-Ready Mix

                        Dairies


                        Dairies

                        Dairies

                        Dairies

                        Dairies


                        Dairies

                        Dairies
                    St.  Leon Road


                    2211 Lewisville Hwy

                    1020 W.  Broadway

                    S.  Highway

                    S.  Highway


                    Sunnyside Road

                    350 S. Yellowstone Ave.

                    2090 Industrial Blvd

                    Milligan Road         *

                    2300 Leslie Ave.      *

                    751 Cha;.,berlain Ave.  #


                    751 Chamberlain Ave.

                    2884 FieIdstrearn Ln.

                    465 E. Anderson

                    Reeds Corner - 1 mi.
                     vest ol skyline

                    477 W.  17th

                    Sunnyside Road

-------
                                                                       VI-19
                           TABLE VI-5 (continued)

        Potential Industrial Waste Sources  - Idaho Falls  Service Area
 Indus try
   Name
Indus try
  Type
Address
Status
 Farm Builder Bio Chem

 Geisler Farm Supply

 Idaho Falls Bonded
   Produce & Supply



 Bonneville Supply

 Simplot Soilbuilders

 Kitchen Queen Food
   Products

 Geisler Farm Supply

 Wasatch Chem. Co.

 Idaho Livestock
   Auction

 Maritt, Virgil

 /
Vldaho Falls Meat Co.

 Frank Gompert Inc.

 King B Pack

 Fred's Custom
   Butchering

 Glenn's Cold Storage
   Locker Service
  Idaho Falls (cont'd)

Fertilizers-Dlrs    2090 Industrial Blvd.
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Fertilizers-Dlrs

FerLilizers-Dlrs

Food Products


Insecticides-DIrs

Insecticides-DIrs

Livestock Auction
 Markets

Livestock Buyers


Meat Packers

Meat Packers

Meat Packers

Meat-Retail


Meat-Retail
2211 Lewisville Hwy

(ofc) 201 S. Blvd

(liquid fert. plant)
N. Higbee Avenue

350 S. Yellowstone Ave.

1020 W. Broadway

502 W. 16th


2211 Lewisville Hwy

S. Highway

701 Northgate Mile


Mobile Telephone,
  Idaho Falls

S. Highway            *

325 Briggs

1690 S. Yellowstone

Lincoln


241 Cliff

-------
                                                                       VI-20
                           TABLE VI-5 (continued)

        Potential Industrial Waste Sources  - Idaho Falls Service Area
 Industry
   Name
 Bass & Hurley, Inc.
 Rogers Bros. Co.
   'stern Farmers Assn
   .Idaho Potato Div.

\/Idaho Potato Foods
 Commons Poultry Co.
  Idaho Falls Animal
  yProducts Co.

  Hartwell Excavating
   Company

  Kennaday Paving Co.

^ Idaho Potato Starch Co,

  enan Starch Co.
Industry
  Type
Address
                                                                    Status
                            Idaho Falls (cont'd)
 Idaho Stockyards Co.

•JUtah-Idaho Sugar Co.
Potatoes-
 Processed

Potatoes -
 Processed
         e
Potatoes-
 Processed

Potatoes-
 Processed

Poultry-
 Wholesale
"custom processing"

Rendering
Sand & Gravel


Sand & Gravel

Starch

Starch

Stockyards

Sugar Refiners
177 Market, Ucon


3100 Rollandet


100 S. Utah Ave.


W. River Road


530 W. 20th



1125 N. Higbee Ave.
              o

Milligan Road


Milligan Road

S. Hiway, I.F.

851 Chamberlain Av.

Idaho Falls

Lincoln
                                                                    * # M


                                                                    * # M


                                                                    * * M
                                                                    *

                                                                    *
  *  Source  listed in STORET Industrial Inventory
  #  Known waste discharge
  M  Major waste source

-------
                                                                      VI-21






large food processing industries,  however,  create the potential for a major




impact on Snake River water quality.   Residual wastes from this area also




contribute to pollution of  American Falls  Reservoir.




     With the exception of  Blackfoot  which has a primary treatment plant,




municipalities in this area are  small and  provide adequate treatment.  Muni-




cipal waste sources are listed in Table VI-2.




     A total of 35 potential waste sources identified for this service area




are listed in Table VI-6.   Eight of these  sources are listed in STORET. Three




major sources are known to  have  discharges to the Snake River.  The American




Potato Co. at Collins, near Blackfoot, has the largest single industrial waste




discharge in the study area (13  MGD) .  The adequacy of waste treatment is  un-




known .




     Idaho Supreme Potatoes, Inc., at Firth discharges inadequately treated




wastes.  A land disposal system is planned.




     R. T. French Co. at Shelley has  a secondary treatment facility constructed




under an EPA grant to demonstrate treatment processes for potato wastes.  Com-




plete operating records are available.




     Due  to the interrelationship of the Idaho Falls and Blackfoot areas with




respect to water quality impacts on the Snake River, these areas should be sur-




veyed concurrently.






Pocatello Service Area




      This service area includes PocateLlo and surrounding communities on the




Portneuf  River a short distance upstream from the southeastern shore of American




Falls Reservoir.and waste sources in Aberdeen which discharge  to Aberdeen Drain,




a  small tributary entering  the north side of American Falls Reservoir.  Waste

-------
                                                                       VI-22
                                 TABLE  VI-6

         Potential Industrial  Waste  Sources  - Blackfoot Service Area
 Industry
   Name
 Simplot Soilbuilders
 Kraft Foods Div.  of
   Kraftco Corp.

 American Oil Prod.
   American Oil Farm
   & Home Service

 Bingham Cooperative Inc
^B/lackfoot Ready Mix
^ Concrete Inc.

 R T P Concrete Co.

 Cauimack Dairy


 Dairyland Dairy


 Rowland's Dairy


 Agricultural
   Services Inc.

 Collaer Crop Boosters

 Velvet Foods Inc.

 Bingham Cooperative
   Inc.

 Blackfoot Livestock
   Commission Co.
Industry
  Type

        Blackfoot

Agr. Chem.
Fertilizers-Dlrs

Cheese
Address
Collins
295 S. Ash
Sratus
Chemicals
Fertilizers-Dlrs    '1180 S. Broadway
Chemicals           Arco Hwy
Fertilizers-Dlrs

Concrete-Ready Mix  Airport Road
Concrete-Ready Mix  West Bridge St.

Dairies             498 S. Fisher Ave.
Dairy Prod. - Retail

Dairies
Dairy Prod.-Retail  67 N. Maple

Dairies
Dairy Prod.-Retail  Weeding Lane

Fertilizers-Dlrs    Hiway 26
Fertilizers-Dlrs    445 S. Broadway

Food Processing     321 N.T'.T. Main

Insecticides-DIrs   Arco Highway
Livestock Auction   E. Rich Lane
  Markets

-------
                                                                       VI-23
                                 TABLE VI-6 (continued)

        Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Blackfoot Service Area
  Industry
   Name
  Harding Livestock
   &  Land Co.
Industry
  Type
Address
   Blackfoot (cont*d)

Livestock Feeding   29 W. Bridge
  Nonpareil Angus Feedlot  Livestock Feeding   Rose
  Warren Hill Custom
   Meat & Mobile
   Butchering
Meat Packers
^Hopkins' Packing Co.     Meat Packers
  Jerry's Grocery
 Mickelsen Ray Pack

 Idaho Potato Packers
    Corp.
\AAmerican Potato Co.
Meat-Wholesale
"custom cut, pro- «
 cessed & wrapped"

Meat-Wholesale

Potatoes
Pingree



W. River Bridge

1311 S. Broadway



River ton Road

Collins
  Jorgen.sen Poultry Farm   Poultry-Retail
    &  Hatchery
Potatoes-Processed  Collins

                    SE Blackfoot
  Valley By Products

  Blackfoot Ready Mix
    Concrete  Inc.
  Gary  Hone Excavating
  f
  R T P Concrete Co.
  Indian  Springs  irout
    Farms Div., Thousand
    Springs  Trout Farms Inc.
Rendering

Sand & Gravel


Sand & Gravel

Sand 6e Gravel

Trout Farms
Pingree

Airport Road


400 Horrocks Dr.

W. Bridge

Pingree
Status
                      * # M

-------
                                                                       VI-24
                           TABLE VI-6  (continued)

         Potential Industrial Waste Sources  - Blackfoot Service Area
  Industry
    Name
  Firth Mill  &  Elevator
  Idaho Supreme Potatoes
V   Inc.
Industry
  Type
Address
          Firth

Agr. Chetn.          101 E. Center

Potatoes-Processed  Firth
Status
                      * * M
     iton Ready Mix
  US  Steel Farm Service
   Center
  NvO*l  Wattenbarger
   4leat Packer

  Doug's Wholesale Meat
      .  French Co.

  Utah -Idaho Sugar Co.
         Shelley

Concrete-Ready Mix  E. of Shelley

Fertilizers-Dlrs    N. Hv/y, Shelley
Meat Packers
N. of Shelley
Meat-Wholesale      907 S. State

Potatoes-Processed  434 S. Emerson Ave,

Sugar Refiners      Hays Project Rd.
                      * # M
  *  Source listed  in STORE! Industrial  Inventory
  tf  Known waste  discharge
  M  Major waste  source

-------
                                                                      VI-25
sources in this service area contribute to pollution of American Falls Reser-




voir in addition to degrading water quality in Aberdeen Drain and the lower




Portneuf River.




     Municipal waste facilities (see Table  VI-2)  including Pocatello's




primary plant, provide inadequate treatment.  Secondary treatment facilities




are planned but are presently behind schedule.




     A total of 35 potential industrial waste sources located in this study




area are listed in Table VI-7.  It is probable that many of these sources  are




on the Pocatello city system, but this needs to be verified.  Eight of the




sources are listed in STORET.  Nine sources are known to have waste discharges,




of which three are major.




     The largest waste discharges are produced by  the large phosphate process-




ing plants operated by FMC Corporation and J. R. Simplot Co.  In the past,




these plants were responsible for severe degradation of the lower Portneuf




River and contributed large phosphate loads to the lower Snake River system.




Improved treatment facilities have been installed, but the adequacy of the




facilities has not been evaluated by water quality surveys.




     The Union Pacific Railroad operates a large yard and railroad shops in




Pocatello.  This operation is a potential source of oil pollution.  Waste  dis-




posal practices are unknown.




     Four industrial waste sources are located in  the small community of Aberdeen.




Western Farmers potato processing plant discharges a moderate-sized waste load.




The combination of these sources severely degrades Aberdeen Drain in Fall and




Winter.  Evidence of a recent small oil spill to the drain from an oil bulk




plant was also noted during the field reconnaissance.  Treatment practices in




this location are clearly inadequate.  This is primarily a local pollution

-------
                                                                     VI-25
                                TABLE VI-7

       Potential Industrial  Waste  Sources - Pocatello Service Area
Industry
  Name •
Challenge Cream &
  Butter Assn

FMC Corporation
Industry
  Type
                                 Pocatello
Cheese
Chemicals
Midstate Distributing Co  Chemicals
                         Soil Conditioners
                                            Address               Status



                                            702 S. 1st Av.


                                            West of Pocatello     * # M

                                            Industrial Park
Patton & Linton

•/
RTF Concrete Co.


Cream Top Dairy


Dairyland Dairy


Maple Leaf Dairy
                         Concrete-Ready Mix  Philbin Rd & Hwy 30 W
                         Sand & Gravel

                         Concrete-Ready Mix  2300 N. Main
                         Sand & Gravel

                         Dairies             421 Fredregill Rd.
                         Dairy Prod-Retail

                         Dairies             404 W. Maple
                         Dairy Prod-Retail
                        Dairies
                    739 Wyldwood Ln.
Rowland Bros.  Dairy      Dairies             W. of Pocatello
                        Dairy Prod-Retail

Upper Snake River Valley Dairies             421 Fredregill Rd.
  Dairymen's Assn       Dairy Prod-Retail
Challenge Cream &
  Butter Assn
  Cheese Processing
  Plant

Crop Boosters

J. R. Simplot Co.


Kennedy's Food Town
Dairy Prod -
 Wholesale
                                            702 S. 1st Ave.
Fertilizers-Dlrs    935 S.  1st Ave.

Fertilizers-        W.  of Pocatello
 Wholesale & Mfrs

Frozen Food Locker  5027 Yellowstone Hwy
 Pits "wholcsale
 meats-cutting &
 wrapping"
                                                                  * # M

-------
                                                                       VI-27
                           TABLE VI-7  (continued)

         Potential  Industrial Waste Sources - Pocatello Service Area
  Industry
    Name.
  McMonigle *s



  Pocatello Cold
    Storage Co.

  Bar 61"Inc.

  Nurs-Ette Fed Lot

  Anderson's Custom Pack

  Custom Packing Co.



  Mont's Wholesale Meats
Vzweigart  Packing Co.

  Idaho Metal  Finishing
    & Bumper Exchange

  Bannock Paving Co.
  Christensen  Sand 6.
    Gravel

  Hunziker  Sand & Gravel

  Union Stock  Yards

  Utah-Idaho Sugar Co.

  Papoose Springs Trout
    Ranch Inc.

  Union Pacific Railroad
    Company
Industry
  Type
                    Address
Status
   Pocatello (cont'd)

Frozen Food Locker  800 E. Alameda Rd,
 Pits "cutting -
 wrapping"

Frozen Food Locker  657 S. 1st Ave.
 Plants

Livestock Feeding   Michaud

Livestock Feeding   W. of Pocatello

                    620% Cottage Ave.

                    W. of Pocatello
Meat Packers
Meat Packers
"custom cutting,
 curing & wrapping"

Meat-Wholesale
"custom cutting
 & wrapping"

Meat-Wholesale

Plating


Sand & Gravel

Sand & Gravel


Sand & Gravel

Stock Yards

Sugar.Refiners

Trout Farms


Railroad Shops
                    150 N. 3rd Ave.



                    W. of Pocatello       *

                    Chubbuck


                    Batiste Road

                    N. of Pocatello


                    Phil bin Rd & Hwy 30 W.

                    N. of Pocatello

                    Tyhee

                    W. of Pocatello


                    Pocatello             *

-------
                                                                       VI-23
                            TABLE  VI-7  (continued)

         Potential Industrial Waste  Sources  -  Pocatello  Service  Area


  Industry                 Industry
    Name'                    Type               Address               Status
                                        •
                                  Aberdeen

\/ Western Farmers, Inc.     Food Processing      Aberdeen              * # M

» Idaho Potato Growers     Potatoes-Processed   Aberdeen              #
                                                     •

 /Idaho Potato Starch Co.   Starch  Mfg.          Aberdeen              #

-/ Kraft Foods Co.          Cheese               Aberdeen              * #
                                     Inkom

   Idaho Portland          Cement-Wholesale     Inkom
    Cement Co. Div.          & Manufacturers
    of Oregon Portland
    Cement
  *  Source listed in STORET Industrial  Inventory
  #  Known waste discharge
  M  Major waste source

-------
                                                                      VI-29




problem, although nutrients and residual wastes can be carried into American


Falls Reservoir.


     Pollution sources in the Pocatello area are probably the major factci's


affecting water quality in American Falls Reservoir, although natural sources


of phosphates and residual wastes from the Idaho Falls and Blackfoot arear- &rt.^


also important.  This area needs further study to assess waste treatment re-


quirements .




American Falls Service Area


     This is a very small service area located at the downstream end of


American Falls Reservoir.  The municipal treatment plant, which discharges
                    •

to the Snake River below the falls, is believed to be adequate.


     No industries are listed in STORET for this location and no search of


the phone directory was made.  Lamb-Weston, a large potato processing plant,


is located north of American Falls.  The plant utilizes land disposal for its


wastes, which has resulted in an odor problem.  There are no known water pol-


lution problems in this service area.




Burley Service Area


     This service area is a major source of organic waste loads which severely
      'i

degrade Lake Milner during Winter low streamflow conditions.  Both the Burley


and Rupert municipal waste facilities treat large industrial waste loads.


Burley has large lagoons which achieve high treatment efficiencies.  Rupert


has a pri.mary plant followed by an aerated lagoon whi ch achieves an overall BOD
               t

reduction of seventy percent.  Periodic plant overloads caused by industrial


discharges in excess of contractual BOD loads have caused problems at Rupert.


Additional treatment facilities are planned.

-------
                                                                      VI-30
                                TABLE VI-8

         Potential Industrial Waste  Sources -  Burley  Service  Area
Industry
  Name
Burley Co-Op Supply
 Association, Inc.

Simplot Soilbuilders

Graham Seed & Floral
Hoffbuhr Ready Mix,
 Incorporated

Magic Valley Sand
 and Gravel

Ida Gem Dairymen,
 Incorporated

Stoker Dairy and
 Milk Depot

Young's Dairy Prod.
American Oil Farm
 Service Center
Industry
  Type

         Burley

Agr.Chem.Fertil.
Insecticides

Agr. Chem.
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Chemicals
Insecticides-Dlrs

Concrete-Ready Mix
Sand and Gravel

Concrete-Ready Mix
Sand and Gravel

Dairies
Dairy Prod-Retail

Dairies
Dairies
Dairy Prod-Retail

Fertilizers-Dlrs
Bean Growers Warehouse   Fertilizers-Dlrs
 Association, Inc.
Cenex Plant Food Co.

Pacific Supply Co-Op
Fertilizers-Dlrs

Fertilizers-Dlrs
Fertilizers  -
Wholesale &  Mfg.
Burley Processing Co.    Food Processing

Del Monte Corporation    Food Processing
                                                                     *
 L?  Chiquita Corn
  Products Mfg Co.
 Food  Processing
Address             S ta tu s
1234 Hansen Ave.


1029 Oyerland Ave.

1240 Oakley Ave.


East of Burley


419 W. 2nd.


245 N. Overland Ave.


301 E. 16th


1506 Washington Ave.


1138 Burton Ave.


Milner


(Burley) mobile phone

1234 Hansen Ave.



632 W. Main

305 W. Hiway  30

818 Occidental Ave

-------
                                                                       VI-31
                                    TABLE VI-8 (Continued)

              Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Burley Service Area
 Indus try
   Name
                         Industry
                           Type
 Address
                                      Burley (Continued)
Status
         Foods Inc.
 Burley Livestock
   Commission Co.
                         Food Processing
                         Frozen Foods -
                         Processors

                         Livestock Auction
                         Markets
 Conrad Land t Livestock  Livestock*Buyers
   Inc.  .
 280 W.  Hiv;ay 30



 1100 Occidental Ave.


 450 S.  600 W.
 Interstate Feeders

 Martin & Anderson
   Farms

 Shults & Allred

 Gibson Brothers Meats

 Blaine Nielsen

 Clark's IGA



 Bryant's Packing Co.

 Great Atlantic &
   Pacific Tea Co. Inc.



 Coats Bros.
   Contractors

|V£ustom Packing Co.

       Food Co.
                         Livestock Feeding

                         Livestock Feeding


                         Livestock Feeding

                         Meat Packers

                         Meat Packers
 1100 S 48 W


,575 W 400 S

 E 5 & Hiland

 Mobile Telephone
                         Meat-Retail         201 W. 16th
                         "custom slaughtering,
                         meat processing"

                         Meat-Wholesale

                         Potatoes-Procp.ssed  West of Burley


                                     Rupert

                         Concrete-Rdy Mixed  Rupert
                         Meat Packers

                         Cheese

  ;ic Valley Foods,  Inc.  Food Processing

Simplot Soilbuilders     Fertilizers
 114 E.  Baseline

 Rupert

 Hiway 24

 Rupert
*

it

It

-------
                                                                      VI-3?.
                                   TABLE VI-8 (Continued)

             Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Burley Service Area
Industry
  Name
Industry
  Type
                                             Address
                               Rupert (Continued)

Wasatch Chemical Xo.     Chemicals           200 W. 075 S.

Western Livestock Corp.  Livestock Feeding   300 N. 025 E.
Peoples Packing Co.



Western" Seed, Inc.

Idaho Hide & Tallow


Idaho Portland Cement


Pennwalt Chein. Corp.

Pacific Supply Co-Op


    I. Simplet Co.


Blincoe Farms

Eastern Idaho Packing
  Corp
Kloepfcr Ready Mix
  Concrete Co.
                         Meat Packers        125 S. 125 W.

                                     Heyburn
                         Agr. Chem.

                         Animal Carcass
                         Removal

                         Ceraent-U'sale
                         & Mfr

                         Chemicals
                    1531 Highway 30

                    1341 18th


                    1500 J


                    Heyburn
                         Fertilizers-Whole-  Heyburn
                         sale & Ilanufacturers
                         Food Processing
                         Potatoes
                    Heyburn
Livestock Producers 725 W 200 S

Potatoes            1301 Highway 30


              Paul

Concrete-Rdy Mixed  Highway 25
Sand & Gravel
US Steel Farm
  Service Center
Fertilizers-Dlrs
   Igamatcd Sugar Co.    Sugar Refiners
                                             400 W 075 S
                    Paul
* Source listed in STORET Industrial Inventory
f Known waste discharge
M Major waste source
Status

-------
                                                                      VI-35






     A large number of industrial sources are present in this area,  with 47




potential sources identified.   Many of the sources are connected to the Burley




or Rupert systems.  Major sources which discharge to Lake Milner include




J. R. Simplot Co. in Heyburn,  and Ore-Ida Foods,  Inc., Burley Processing Co.,




and A & P, Inc.,  in Burley.  All of these sources are in the process of in-




stalling additional treatment facilities which are to be in operation by Fall




1971.  These facilities may not be adequate to provide suitable water quality




in Lake Milner.  A follow-up water quality survey is needed during the 1971-72




processing season to assess the adequacy of treatment facilities.




     In Rupert, all of the food processing industries except Peoples Packing Co.




are connected to the city system.  Improved treatment levels at the city fa-




cility would reduce the industrial waste load.




     Amalgamated Sugar Company operates a large refinery at Paul.  The industry




reportedly has a water reuse system which has substantially reduced its waste




discharge,which formerly degraded Main Drain, a small drain tributary to Lake




Milner.  The adequacy of waste disposal practices has not been evaluated by




field surveys.




     Degradation of Lake Milner is one of the most significant water quality




problems in the Snake  River Basin.  Present treatment improvements will prob-




ably not alleviate this problem fully.  Animal feed lots also cause problems in




this area, as discussed in a later section.  Documentation of waste loads and




water quality conditions in this area following treatment improvements 13 needed,






Twin Falls Service Area




     Almost the entire flow of the Snake River is diverted at Lake Milner for




irrigation purposes during low flow periods.  Snake River flows at Twin Falls

-------
                                                                      VI-36

are thus very low.  Due to the diversions, residual wastes from the Burley area
have little effect on the Twin Falls area.  Below Twin Falls, groundwntei ?.n-

flows from the Thousand Springs area dilute these low flows and eliminate ar.y
water quality degradation resulting from the Twin Falls area.  Water pollution
                                       •
in this area is thus essentially a local problem.
                                         «
     With the exception of Twin Falls which has a primary treatment plant,
municipal waste sources in the Twin Falls area are small and provide treatment
                                                   •
facilities which are probably adequate (see Table VI-2).  An engineering stvdy
is currently underway to develop plans for connection of all industrial waste
sources at Twin Falls to the city system and for adding secondary treatment
facilities.  Such improvements would probably eliminate all but a few minor
local pollution problems in this area.  The timing of planned improvements is
unknown.
     There are a very large number (115) of potential industrial pollution
sources in the Twin Falls area.  It is probable that most of these sources
exert little or no impact on water quality, but present information is inade-

quate to determine the extent of waste loads and how many actual waste dis-

charges exist.
     With the exception of several large waste sources discharging to Rock Creek,
      •i
most industries in the area covered by the Twin Falls sewerage system ar.2 con-

nected to the city system.  There are no major waste discharges located  in the
surrounding communities, although the cumulative effect of the various smaller

sources may be significant.
     Agricultural chemicals and fertilizer dealers and handlers account  for  32

of the potential pollution sources.  These facilities in most cases probably
do not produce any waste dischargp, although the potential for adding to

-------
                                                                       VI-3/
               Potential
           TABLE VI-9

Industrial Waste Sources - Twin Falls Area
 Industry
   Name
 Magic Valley Growers


 Simplot Soilbuilders


 L & H Mobile Butchers

 RTF Concrete Co.

 Challenge Dairy Prod..
 (Ida Gem Dairymen Inc)

 Snoco Dairy
 (Young's Dairy Prod)

 Marshall Warehouses

 Jerome Canning
   Kitchen Inc.

 Producers Livestock
   Marketing Assn

 Circle 4 Cattle Co.

uKing of Spuds

 Producers Livestock
   Marketing Assn
 Henry's Farm Sales
 L. W, Moore W'hse

 Collins Bert & Sons
   Fertilizers and
   Pesticides
 Industry
   Type
 Agr. Chem.
 Fertilizers

 Agr. Chem.
 Fertilizers
                                      Jerome
Address
West of Jerome
W. Avenue C.
 Butchering          222 W. Main

 Concrcte-Rdy Mixed  Jerome

 Dairies             220 S. Birch
 Dairy Prod-Retail
 Dairies
107 W. Ave. C.
 Fertilizers-Dlrs    VIcst Main

 Food Processing     325 North Date


 Livestock Auction   West of Jerome
 Markets

 Livestock Feediiig   Southwest of Jerome

 Potatoes-Processed  West Main

 Stock Yards         West of Jerome


         Kimbcrly-Hansen
 Agr. Chem.
 Fertilizers
446 Hiuay  30
 Agr. Chem.          14 Railroad Ave.

 Fertilizers-Dlrs    Oak
Status
 Farm Service Inc.
 Fertilizers-Dlrs    121 Tyler  St.  E.

-------
                                                                      VI-38
              Potential
      TABLE VI-9 (Continued)

Industrial Waste Sources - Twin Falls Area
Industry
  Name
W. B. Savage Produce
  Co.

USS Farm Svc Center

B & B Cattle
Kimberly Cold
  Storage

McCarty Gravel Co.
Idaho, State of

Aquaculture Industries

Idaho Spgs Trout Farm

Magic Spgs Trout Co.

Ranger Trout Research
  Station

Thousand Springs Trout
  Farms Inc.



Gooding Seed Co.
Challenge Dairy Prod.
(Ida Gem Dairymen Inc.)

Dairy K
 Industry
   Type
Address
   Kimberly-Hansen (Continued)

 Fertilizers-Dlrs    516 Main St. N.


 Fertilizers-Dlrs    West of Hansen

 Livestock Producers Southwest of
                     Kimberly Hansen
 Meat-Retail
 Sand & Gravel
130 Main St. N.
Southeast of
Kimberly-Hansen
            Hagermaii

 Fishery Hatchery    Hagerman

 Frout Farms         Hagerman

 Trout Farms         Hagerman

 Trout Farms         Hagerman

 Trout Farms         Hagerman
 Trout Farms
Hagerman
             Gooding
 Agr. Chcm.
 Fertilizers

 Dairies
 Dairy Prod-Retail
304 1st Ave. E.


222 Idaho
Status
 Dairy Prod-Retail   232 3rd Ave. E,

-------
                                                                       VI-39
                              TABLE VI-9  (Continued)

              Potential Industrial Waste  Sources  -  Twin  Falls Area
 Industry
   Name
                         Industry
                          Type
                    Address
Status
 Gooding Livestock
   Commission Co.

 France Feed Lots

 Magic Valley Packing
   Co.

 Ohlinger  Meat  Co.
 Bean Growers
   Warehouse Assn  Inc.

 0. J. Childs  Seed Co.

 USS Farm Svc  Center
                               Gooding  (Continued)

                        Livestock  Auction
                        Markets

                        Livestock  Feeding    Northeast of Gooding

                        Meat  Packers
                         Meat  Packers

                                      Filer

                         Fertilizers-Dlrs


                         Fertilizers-Dlrs

                         Fertilizers-Dlrs
 Williams Meat  Processing Meat  Packers
                    East of Gooding


                    North Oregon



                    400 Front


                    528 Front

                    West of Filer

                    1156 S. Adell
  Plant

Idaho Trout Processors
  Co.
 Shields Warehouse

  reen Giant Co.

 PvTP Concrete Co.
                          "custom slaughtering1
Trout Farms


             Buhl

Agr. Chem.

Canncrs

Concrete-Rdy Mixed
Sand & Gravel
                                              West of Filer
                                             903 Elm

                                             430 7th Avc. S.
 Challenge Dairy Prod     Dairies             105 13th Ave. S.
 (Ida Gem Dairymen Inc.)   Dairy Prod-Retail
 Smith's Dairy Prod.
v/Tet Mi .Ik Inc.
                         Dairies             205 Broadx^ay S.
                         Dairy Prod-Retail

                         Dairy Prod-W'sale   500 Candensary Road

-------
                                                                      VI-4C
              Potential
      TABLE VI-9 (Continued)

Industrial Waste Sources - Twin Falls Area
Industry
  Name
Rangen Inc.

Shields Warehouse

West End Fertilizer

Magic Valley Growers


Clear Spgs Trout Co.

Rid View Trout Co.

Snake River Trout Farm

Thousand Springs
  Trout Farms Inc.

Northland Cold
  Storage Plant

Cascade Commodities
  Corp.

Clear Spgs Trout Co.

Rainbow Trout Farms Inc.
       •i
Rim View Trout Co.

Snake River Trout
  Farm

Thousand Springs
  Trout Farms Inc.
American Oil Farm
  ft Home Service

Bean Growers W'hse
  Assn Inc.
 Industry
   Type
Address
        Buhl (Cdntinued)

 Fertilissers-Dlrs    115 13th Ave. S.

 Fertilizers-Dlrs    903 Elm
                            •
 Fertilizers-Dlrs    East of Buhl

 Fertilizers-W'sale  West of Buhl
 & Manufacturers
 Fish Hatcheries

 Fish Hatcheries

 Fish Hatcheries

 Fish Hatcheries


 Meat-Retail


 Rendering
 Companies

 Trout Farms

 Trout Farms

 Trout Farms

 Trout Farms


 Trout Farms
North of Buhl

North of Buhl

North of Buhl

North of Buhl


121.llth Ave. S.


Northwest of Buhl


North of Buhl

Northeast of Buhl

North of Buhl

North of Buhl


North of Buhl
                                   Twin Falls
 Agr. Chem.
 Agr. Chem.
Eastland Drive  S,
3/«8 4th Ave.  S.
Status

-------
                                                                        VI-41
                                TABLE VI-9 (Continued)

                Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Twin Falls Area
  Industry
    Name
Industry
  Type
                    Address
Status
  Magic Valley Growers


  Simplot Soilbuilders

 yl'daho Hide & Tallow Co.


  Idaho Portland
    Cement Co.

 |tft?TB~*Concrete Co.


V£o"lonial Concrete Inc.


  Bingham Dairy

  Challenge Dairy Prod
  (Ida Gem Dairymen Inc.)

  Home Dairies of Twin
    Falls

  Meadow Gold Dairy
    Products

  Stoker Drive-In
    Milk Depot
    Twin Falls  (Continued)

                    West of Twin Falls
Agr. Chem.
Fertilizers

Agr. Chem.

Animal Carcass
Removal

Cement-W'sale
& Manufacturers
                    700 Shoshone St. W.

                    East of Twin Falls


                    South Park Ave.
Concrete-Rdy Mixed  Addison Avenue W.
Sand & Gravel

Concrete-Rdy Mixed  Addiscn Avenue W.
Sand & Gravel
                                          *
   >ung*s Dairy Prod.

   ^//
  StfLft & Co.

  Idaho Grange Co-Op

  American Oil Farm &
    Home Service

  Rangen Inc.

  Simplot Soilbuilders
Dairies

Dairies
Dairy Prod-Retail

Dairies
Dairies


Dairies


Dairies

Dairy Prod-W'sale

Fertilizers-Dlrs

Fertilizers-Dlrs


Fertilizers-Dlrs

Fertilizers-Dlrs
                    Addison Avenue E.

                    702 3rd St. W.


                    Madrona Street N.


                    227 Third Avenue W.
                    1138 Morningcide Dr.
                    269 Washinton St. N.
                        4th Avenue U.     *

                    264 4th Avenue S.     *

                    150 2nd Avenue W.

                    Eastland Dr. S.


                    Twin Falls

                    (liquid plant)
                    Floral Avenue

-------
                                                                       VI-42
               Potential
      TABLE VI-9 (Continued)

Industrial Waste Sources - Twin Falls Area
 Industry
   Name
 Western Nursery

 Blue Lakes Trout
   Farm Inc.

 Greene's Trout Farm
 Magic Springs Inc.

 J. R. Simplot Food
   Processing Co.

JTdahtfFrozen Foods Inc.
42"

 Idaho, State of

 American Oil AG
   Chemical Form Plant

 Stockgrower's Com-
   mission Co.

 Twin Falls Livestock
   Commission Co.

 Garrard Feed Lots

 Olmstead Cattle Co.
 Wagner Feed Yark

 Falls Brant1 we?.t -
   Independent Meat Co.

 American Oil Co.
 Industry
   Type
Address
Status
     Twin Falls (Continued)

 Fertilizers-Dlrs    540 Filer Avenue
 Fish Hatcheries
 Trout Farms

 Fish Hatcheries
 Trout Fanjps

 Food Processing

 Food Processing


 Frozen Foods-
 Processors

 Fish Hatchery

 Insecticides-
 W'sale & Nfr

 Livestock Auction
 Markets

 Livestock Auction
 Markets

 Livestock Feeding

 Livestock Feeding


 Livestock Feeding

 Meat Packers


 Oil Refiners
266 Buchanan


266 Buchanan


East of Twin Falls

Twin Falls


856 Fall St


320 Blue Lakes Blvd S,

Eastland Drive South
               -i

536 Maxwell Avenue


630 Rai3 .:oad Avenue .


South of Twin Falls

Southeast of Twin
Falls

Blue Lakes Blvd S.

Orchard Drive
525 Blue Lakes
Blvd North
 Quick Fix Potato Co.
 Potatoes-Processed  384 Locust St. S.

-------
                                                                      VI-43


                              TABLE VI-9 (Continued)

              Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Twin Falls Service Area

Industry                 Industry
  Name                     Type              Address            -   Status

                             Twin Falls (Continued)

Northwest Crane          Sand & Gravel       Addison Ave. W.
  Rigging & Transport Co.

    gamated Sugar Co.    Sugar Refiners      Southeast of          *#M
                                             Twin Falls

Frame Trout Farm         Trout Farms         Pxock Creek Cyn Rd.

Magic Springs Inc.       Trout Farms         East of Twin Falls
* Source list in STORET Industrial Inventory
$ Known vaste discharge
M Major waste source

-------
                                                                      VI-44
pesticide and nutrient loads is present.




     Due to the numerous springs in the area, a large number  (25) of fish




hatcheries and trout farms are located around Twin  Falls.  The potential




water quality impact of thase installations is unknown, but may be significant.




     Rock Creek, which flows through Twin Falls, has been severely degraded in




the past by the Amalgamated Sugar Company refinery discharge  and several food




processing plant discharges.  Treatment facilities have been  installed at




these sources, but additional waste load reductions are needed to maintain




suitable water quality in Rock Creek.




     Contact with several of the industries on Rock Creek produced the informa-




tion that they had delayed installing higher level treatment  pending completion




of the Twin Falls plans for a regional systpm.




     A waste source inventory is needed to define the actual  waste sources in




this service area.  A water quality survey is also needed to  establish the basis




for enforcement actions to speed up the completion of the Twin Falls regional




system if additional delays result in the future.






Mountain Home Service Area




     This is a small service area located remote from the Snake River.  There




are apparently no significant industrial waste sources in the area and manici-




pal wastes are minor.  There are no known pollution problems.






Bo_is_e_ Service Area




     The Boise service area is the iargesc in the study area  and includes the




major cities of Nampa and Caldwell in addition to Boise.  The majority cf the




pollution sources are related to the intensive agricultural development of the




Boir.e River valley between Boise and the Oregon border.  Waste loads from this

-------
                                                                      VI-45






area impact water quality in the lower Boise River and the Snake River down-




stream to Brownlee Reservoir.   Pollution from this area produces interstate




effects on Oregon water uses.




     Some type of secondary waste treatment is provided for all significant




municipal sources in the area  (see Table VI-2).   Boise, Nampa and Caldwell have




regional sewerage systems that treat most industrial wastes in the communities.




There are no major industrial  waste sources on the Boise system.  As a result,




the treatment facility achieves a consistently high level of waste removal




(85-90 percent BOD reduction).  In contrast, the Nampa facility treats large




industrial waste loads including wastes from an Amalgamated Sugar Company re-




finery and a large food processing plant operated by Western Farmers Associa-




tion.  Although achieving high treatment efficiencies during much of the year,




high organic loads during the  peak food processing season reduce BOD removal




efficiency to less than 70 percent at times.  During the 1970-71 season, a




maximum BOD load of 106,000 pounds per day was treated, far in excess of the




design loading of 46,000 pounds per day.  This overload is primarily the result




of inadequate pretreatment and/or violation of waste discharge contracts by the




food processing industries and Amalgamated Sugar Company.  Western Farmers As-




sociation is apparently the worst violator.  Hydraulic loads at the plant are




below design levels.  The water quality impact of reduced plant efficiency has




not been investigated.




     The Caldwell sewerage system has a serious  infiltration problem.  Average




flows at the treatment, facility range from 3 MGD in Winter to 9 MGD during the




irrigation season.  The increased flow is primarily  the result of infiltration.




The plant has a hydraulic design capacity of 10 MGD.  It would appear that sub-




stantial over-design of the plant was needed to handle the infiltration.  The

-------
                                                                      VI-46




impact of the dilute flows on treatment efficiency is unknown.


     A total of 162 potential industrial waste sources have been identified


in the Boise River valley.  As in the Twin Falls service area, a large numbs <:


(42) of these are agricultural chemical and fertilizer dealers and warehouses

                                       •
which may or may not contribute any significant pollution.  Another 31 sources


are various types of meat packing and processing facilities.  Several of these


sources are known to be connected to the three regional systems discussed ^bove".
                                                   •

However,  most of the plants are small, widely scattered operations with unknown


adequacy of treatment or waste magnitude.  There are also 16 dairy facilities


with spatial distribution similar to the meat packing facilities.


     There are at least 27 significant livestock feeding and/or holding facili-


ties in the valley with many more small feedlots.  As discussed in a later sec-


tion, the water quality impact of such pollution sources is not well defined.


     Of the remaining 46 potential waste sources, it is probable that a major-


ity is on a regional treatment system or has no significant discharges.  Only


one major source, the J.  R. Simplot Co. food processing plant west of Caldwell,


is known to have a discharge.  The adequacy of treatment at this source is un-


knov;n.  It is apparent that a complete source inventory of this area is needed


to define which sources are on regional systems and the present status of treat-
      •i

ment at other sources.


     An investigation of the effects of infiltration and industrial waste over-


loads on treatment efficiencies and downstream water quality impacts at Caldwell


and Nampa is needed, also.


Emme11 Service Area


     This it. a small  service area on the Payette River 30 miles upstream from


Payette and the Snake River.  Municipal  wastes from Emir.ett are treated in lagoons

-------
                                                                        VI-47
               Potential
                             TABLE VI-10

                  Industrial Haste Sources  -  Boise  Service Area
  Industry
    Name
  Steve Regan Co.

  VanUaters  6 Rogers

  Aidape Mobile
    Butchering

  Lamert's Mobile
    Butchering

  Main Quickfreeze
    & Mobile Butchering

  Oregon Portland
    Cement Co.

  American Chemical
    Supply Co.

  Sim-Chem
    Div. J.  R. Bimplot

  Smith & Ardussi
  Techni-Chem

'•-Capital Concrete

  Wallace Cements &
    Sons Concrete Co.

1 .Consolidated Concrete
^  Co.

  Morrison-Knudsen
    Ready Mix Div,
Concrete
                     Industry
                      Type
Address
Status
                                  Boise

                    Agr.  Chem.           5115  Gage

                    Agr.  Chem.           3430  Americana Ter.

                    Butchering           604 Main
                     Butchering
                     Butchering
                     Cement-W'salc
                     & Manufacturers

                     Chemicals
                     Chemicals
                     Chemicals
                     W'sale & Mfr
3770 N. Five Mile Road


604 Main


1410 Borah


616 Front


Siinco
Bank of Idaho
Bldg
                     Chemicals           3604 Front

                     Concrete-Rdy Mixed  2502 S. Owyhee

                     Concrete-Rdy Mixed  821 S. 13th
                     Sand ft Gravel

                     Concrete-Rdy Mixed  625 N. 31st
                     Sand & Gravel

                     Concrete-Rdy Mixed  Division & Beacon
                           Concrctc-Rdy Mixed  Hiuay 44
                           Sand & Gravel
  Buchanan's Dairy
                     Dairies
 8011  UsLick Hoad

-------
                                                                      VI-49
             Potential
       TABLE VI-10 (Continued)

Industrial Waste Sources - Boise Service Area
Industry
  Name
Jolley Butchers

Van's Packing Plant


Davis Packing Co.

Pacific- Cold Storage
  Lockers

Bonus Photo Processing
(Film Service Corp)

Gem State Photo Inc.
Anderson Buick-Opol-
  Jeep

Idaho Electroplating
  Service

Wallace Plating Co.

Asphalt Paving &
  Construction Co.

Boise Sand & Gravel

M C II Inc.

Nelson Sand &
  Gravel Co. Inc.

Quinn-Robbins Co.
  Inc.

Snelling & Sons
  Well Drilling

Stafford Excavation
  & Demolition
  Industry
    Type
Address
         Boise (Continued)

  Meat Packers        5529 Overland Road
  Meat Packers
  Meat-W'sale
  Photo Finishing-
  Wholesale

  Photo Finishing-
  Wholesale

  Plating
  Plating


  Plating

  Sand & Gravel


  Sand 6 Gravel

  Sand & Gravel

  Sand & Gravel


  Sand & Gravel


  Sand & Gravel


  Sand & Gravel
717 Stilson Road
  Meat Packers        West of Boise

  Meat-Wholesale      101 S. 23rd
3009 Woodla^m


1025 Main


601 S. Capitol Blvd


2518 Main


3235 Chinden Blvd

3206 Pleasanton Ave.


3206 Pleasanton Ave.

5033 West State

4301 Federal Wy


703 Americana Blvd


6212 V/est State


1904 Overland Road
Status

-------
                                                                        VI-50
              Potential
       TABLE VI-10 (Continued)

Industrial Waste Sources - Boise Service Area
 Industry
   Name
 Steigcr Construction

 Idaho Trout
   Processors Co.

 Rim View Trout
   Farm Inc.
 Feed Service Inc.
 Wasatch Chemical Co.
 Wilbur-Ellis Co.

 American Oil Farm
   & Home Service

 Niagara Chemical Div,
   FMC Corporation
 Idaho Concrete Pipe
   Co. Inc.

 Dairymen's
   Creamery Assn Inc.

 Home Dairies Co.

 Sun Ray Drive-In
   Dairy & Bakery

 American Oil Farm
   & Home Service
  Industry
    Type
Address
        Boise (Continued)

  Sand & Gravel       821 Clover Drive

  Trout Farms         1220 Vista Avenue
  Trout Farms
2903 W. Idaho
                                     Caldvell
  Agr. Chem.
  Fert. Sers.
East Hiway 20
  Agr. Chem.          915 Main
  Fertilizers-Mer.
  Agr. Chem.

  Agr. Chem.
  Fert. Dealers

  Agr. Chem.
VSimplot Soilbuilders     Agr. Chera.
211 N. Airport Ave.

Paynter & Aven Ave,


704 U. Aven Ave.


West of Caldwell
  Concrete-Rdy Mixed  West of Caldv/ell
  Sand & Gravel

  Dairy Products -    520 Albany
  Wholesale
  Dairies

  Dairies
Franklin Lane

4th Ave. & Blaine
  Fertilizers-Dlrs    Paynter & Aven Ave.
Status
 Feed Service Inc.
  Fertilizers-Dlrs    E. Hiway 20

-------
                                                                      VI-51
                              TABLE VI-10 (Continued)

             Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Boise Service Area
Industry
  Name
Cooperative Oil Assn

J. R. Simplot Co.

VJasatch Chemical Co.


Wilbur-Ellis Co.


0 K Livestock


Treasure Valley
  Livestock Auction Co,

ION Cattle Co.

Feed Yard

Western States
  Cattle Co.

Jacobson Feed Lots

Lake Lowell Feeder Co.

Richardson Feed Lot
  Inc.

Greenleaf Pack &
  Freeze

Idaho Meat Packers

Johnston Bros
  Custom Slaughtering
Coiainco American
Industry
  Type
Address
                              Caldwell (Continued)
Fertilizers-Dlrs

Food Processing
423 Main

West of Caldvell
Insecticides-W'sale 915 Main
& Manufacturers

Insecticides-U'sale 211 N. Airport Ave.
& Manufacturers
Livestock Auction
Markets
21st Ave. & Railroad
Livestock Auction   1900 E. Chicago
Markets
Livestock Buyers
Livestock Buyers
116 S 7 Ave.

Middleton

Notus
Livestock Feeding   21st Ave.  & Railroad

Livestock Feeding   South of Caldwell

Livestock Feeding   West of Caldwell
Meat Packers


Meat Packers

Meat Packers
Greenleaf


1602 Chicago

West of Caldvell
                                      Naropa
Agr. Chem.
Fert.-Dlrs
416 1st St.  S.
Status
*J?M

-------
                                                                      VI-52
                              TABLE VI-10 (Continued)

             Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Boise Service Area
Industry
  Name
Kellogg Mills

Idaho Animal
  Products Co.

0 K Lockers Mobile
  Butchering Service

Nampa Custom Cannery

Shields Seed Co.
'
     - Ready Mix
Idaho Concrete Pipe
    . Inc.

Home Dairies

Sun Ray Drive -In
  Dairy & Bakery Inc.

Triangle Dairy

US Steel Farm
  Service Center

Producers Supply
  Co-Op Inc.

NH3 Fertilizer &
  Equipment Co.
  (Shell Farm Serv.)

    s Eye Div. of
  Gen'l Food Corp

World V.'Lde Foods Inc.

Kager. & Son Inc.
Industry
  Type
                    Address
    Nampa (Continued)

Agr. Chem.          104 6th Ave. S.

                    N. Sugar Avenue
Animal Carcass
Removal

Butchering
Canners

Chemicals
Fert.-Dlrs.
West Flamingo Ave.


Central Midland Blvd

16 18th Ave. S.
Dairies

Dairies
                    424 12th Ave. Road

                    923 12th Ave. Rd.
Dairies             11 Canyon

Fertilizers-Dlrs    Karcher Rd.


Fertilizers-Dlrs    Hiway 30 West


Fertilizers-Dlrs    2616 2 St. S Ext
Food Processing
                    City Acre
Food Processing     428 1st St. S.

Livestock Buyers    Middleton Road
                      Status
Concrete-Rdy Mixed " East of Nampa         *

Concrete-Rdy Mixed  222 Nampa-Caldvjell    *

-------
                                                                       53
                              TABLE VI-10 (Continued)

             Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Boise Service Area
 Industry
  Name
McGreggor Feed Lots

R & S Bargain Ranch

Seal Bros Livestock

Ralph Little Feed
   Lots

Lone Star Cattle
   Co. Inc.
 Pitman & Baker

''/Armour & Co.

 H. H. Keim C. Ltd.

    ip,a Packing to.


 C  ft J Custom
    Slaughtering

 Greenfield Packing

 Hillcrest Packing Co.

 Guy's Market


 H  & M Food Service
 Idaho Potato  Div.,
*:  Western  Farmers Assn

 World Uide Potato
   Processing  —
   World Wide  Foods  Inc.
Industry
  Type
                                              Address
Status
    Nampa (Continued)

Livestock Buyers    North Side Blvd

Livestock Buyers    North of Nampa

Livestock Buyers    North of Nampa

Livestock Feeding   West of Nampa


Livestock Feeding   Lone Star Road


Livestock Feeding   East of Nampa
                         Meat Packers

                         Meat Packers

                         Heat Packers
                         Meat Wholesale

                         Meat Packers


                         Meat Packers

                         Meat Packers

                         Meat-Retail
                         "meat custom cut"

                         Meat-Retail &
                         W'sale
                         "custom butchering"
                    East of Nampa         *

                    Northwest of Nampa

                    909 Lake Lowell Ave.  *


                    Firport Road


                    Amity Road

                    East of Nampa

                    1239 Canyon


                    1211 9th St. S.
Potatoes-Processed  Nampa-Caldwell Blvd
                                                                    M
Potatoes
                                              428  1st  St.  S.

-------
                                                                        VI-54
               Potential
       TABLE VI-10 (Continued)

Industrial Waste Sources - Boise Service Area
  Industry
    Name
  Bowman Sand & Gravel
    Co.

  Nampa Rock & Sand

  Strang Sand & Gravel

  G. Wright Construction
    Co.

  Nampa Livestock
    Market Inc.
 ^Amalgamated Sugar Co.
  Idaho, State of


\ftfoi.se Valley
    Packing Co.

  Double R Cattle Co.

  Flying W Ranch
  Ci/Cy Transfer
 X*Ready-Mix Inc.

  Emmett Dairy

  Emmett Valley Fruits
    Inc.

  Emmett Livestock
    Commission Co.

  Gem Island Cattle Co.

  Holstean Heifer
    Ranch Feed Lot Inc.
  Industry
    Type
                    Address
      Nampa (Continued)

  Sand & Gravel       S. Midland Blvd
  Sand & Gravel

  Sand & Gravel

  Sand & Gravel


  Stock Yards
                    Lone Star Road
                           •

                    East of Nampa

                    Hiway 30 East


                    2 St. S Ext
  Sugar Refiners      Northwest of Nampa

               Eagle

                      Eagle
Eagle Fish
Hatchery

Meat Packers
Meat-W'sale
                      Eagle
  Livestock Feeding   Star

  Livestock Feeding   Star

              Emmett

  Concrete-Rdy Mixed  120 E. Park
  Sand & Gravel
  Dairies

  Fertilizers-Dlrs
                    109 East 4th

                    220 East Park
Status
  Livestock Auction   Southwest of Emmett


  Livestock Buyers    East Main

  Livestock Feeding   Northwest of Emmett

-------
                                                                        VI-55
             Potential
       TABLE VI-10 (Continued)

Industrial Waste Sources - Boise Service Area
Indus try
  Name
Highland Livestock
  & Land Co.

High Boy Heats

Emmett Heat Co.

Shamrock Market
     nte Sand Co.
Stone Chemical Co.


Co-operative Oil Assn

J. C. Watson Co.


Keller Feed Lots Inc.

JQriyhee Meat ^Packers



Simplot Soilbuilders


Kaiser Cement
  Order Dept &
  Terminal

Bailey's Kim-Ko Inc.

Carroll's Dairy
Dairymen's Creamery
  Assn Inc.
  Industry
    Type
Address
Status
        Emmett (Continued)

  Livestock Producers 210 West Main
  Meat Packers

  Meat - Retail

  Meat - Retail
  "custom-cutting"

  Sand & Gravel

             Homedalc

  Chemicals
  Fert.-Dlrs

  Fertilizers-Dlrs

  Fertilizers-Dlrs
  "& insecticides"

  Livestock Feeding

  Meat Packers

             Meridian

  Agr. Chem.
  Fert.-Dlrs

  Cement-W1sale
  & Manufacturers


  Chemicals

  Dairy  Products-
  Wholesale

  Diary  Products
  Wholesale
711 Williams Road

West 6th

North of Emmett


West of Emmett



Homedale


Homedale

Homedale (SE)


Northeast of Homedale

Southeast of Homedale



360 East Bower


510 E. Bower Avc.



E. Hiway 30

Northwest of Meridian


37 E. Broadway Ave.

-------
                                                                       VI-56
                              TABLE VI-10 (Continued)

             Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Boise Service Area
Indus try
  Name
Siraplot Soilbuilders

Cooperative Oil Assn

Zamzow's Inc.

Meridian Sales Yard


Mosher, Dwight

Meridian Meat Packers'

Meridian Meats &
  Sausage Specialties

Paul's Clover Farm
A Black Cat Sand &
  Gravel Inc.

ADA Sond & Gravel Inc,
Concrete Ready Mix Co.


Davis Packing Co.



Simplot Soilbuilders

Inland Chemical Co.

Simplot Soilbuilders
Industry
  Type
Address
    Meridian  (Continued)

Fertilizers-Dlrs    360 E. Bower

Fertilizers-Dlrs

Fertilizers-Dlrs
E. Bower

611 E. 1st
Livestock Auction   615 East Bower
Markets

Livestock Buyers    West Pine Ave.
Meat Packers

Meat Packers
North of Meridian

119 E. Bower Ave.
Meat-Retail         834 East 2nd
"custom meat cutting"
Sand & Gravel
Black Cat Road
Status
Sand & Gravel       1 4 mi S. of Freeway
                    Kuna Hiway

          Garden City

Concrete-Rdy Mixed  Hiway 20 West
Sand & Gravel

Meat Packers        West of Garden City   *

            Wilder

Agr. Chem.          Wilder

Agr. Chem.          Wilder

Agr. Chem.          Wilder
* Source listed in STOKET Industrial Inventory
# Known waste discharge
M Major waste source

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                                                                      VI-57
                              TABLE VI-10 (Continued)

             Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Boise Service Area

Industry                 Industry
  Name                     Type              Address               Status

                               Wilder (Continued)

Treasure Valley          Fertilizers-Dlrs    Hiv;ay 20-26 East
  Farm Sales                                 Parma

US Steel Farm            Fertilizers-Dlrs    East of Wilder
  Service Center

Choteau Cattle Co.       Livestock^Feeding   Arena Valley

Johnson-Falen            Livestock Feeding   West of Wilder
  Cattle Feeders

-------
                                                                      VI-58


Only one industry, the small Stokely Van Camp food processing plant, is known

to have a waste discharge in this area.  The area was not visitad and a phone

directory listing was not compiled.  This area could probably be eliminated

from an intensive field investigation.



Ontario Service Area

     This service area is situated on the Oregon-Idaho border between the moul'h

of the Boise River and Brownlee Reservoir.  Pollution sources in this area im-

pact water quality in the Snake River and, in combination with residual wastes

from the Boise River, degrade water quality in Brownlee Reservoir.  Since the

Snake River is the boundary between Oregon and Idaho in this area, all poilu-
                     •
tion has interstate  implications.

     With the exception of Payette and Weiser, which have primary treatment

plants, municipal sources are believed to provide adequate treatment (see

Table VI-2).

     Of the 61 potential industrial waste sources identified in this service

area (see Table VI-11), eleven are associated with agricultural chemicals or

fertilizers, nine are meat packing facilities, 13 are livestock feeding or hold-

ing operations and 10 are food processing plants.   The magnitude of waste dis-

charges and adequacy of treatment for most of these sources is unknown.

     Two major waste sources, Amalgamated Sugar Company's refinery at Nyssa and

Ore-Ida Foods, Inc.  food processing plant at Ontario,  are located in this

service area.  The adequacy of present treatment facilities is unknown.

     It is apparent  that a waste source survey is needed in this area to fully

define waste loads and treatment provided.  An intensive water quality survey

is also needed to evaluate the extent of interstate pollution and to document

the sources of water quality degradation in Brownlee Reservoir.

-------
                                                                       VI-59
             Potential
 Industry
  Name
 Andrews Seed  &
   Fertilizer  Co.

 Simplot Soilbuilders

 Home  Dairies  of
   Oregon  Inc.

 Pacific Supply
   Cooperative
   Warehouse

 Flynn's Sand  & Gravel
^Products

 RTF Concrete  Co.

 Meadow Gold Dairies
 Coininco American
                               TABLE  VI-11

                   Industrial  Waste Sources  - Ontario Service Area

                     Industry
 pre^I
Ida Foods Inc.
 Ontario, Livestock
   Commission Co.

 Silver Falls Packing
   Co.  Feed Lot

 Delta Feeders

 Boston's Beef House

   £ct Packing Co.
                                     Ontario
                     Agr.  Chera.
                     Agr.  Chem.

                     Cheese
                     Dairies

                     Chemicals
                    Address



                    580 S. Oregon


                    301 SE 1st

                    65 SU 5 Ave.


                    95 SE 8 Ave.
Dairy Products-
Wholesale

Fertilizers-
Wholesale
& Manufacturers

Frozen Foods -
Processors
256 NE 2 Ave.


1431 SE 1st



175 NE 6 Ave.
                     Livestock Auction   1750 SW 4
                     Markets

                     Livestock Buyers    1831 SE 2
                     Livestock Feeding   Ontario

                     Heat Packers        1515 SE 2

                     Meat Packers        Ontario
                                                               Status
                     Concrete-Rdy llixed  2875 Goodcll Lane     *
                     Concrete-Rdy Mixed  1551 N. Oregon
*//M

-------
                                                                        VI -60
               Potential
       TABLE VI-11 (Continued)

Industrial Waste Sources - Ontario Service Area
  Industry
    Name
  Western Packing Co.

  Jefferies Harry
    Sand ft Gravel

  Ontario Livestock
    Commission Co.
s>-American Fine Foods
 \W Inc.

  Dairymen's Creamery
    Assn Inc.

  Payette Cider &
    Vinegar Co.

  J. R. Simplot Onion
    Processing Plant

  Anderson Cattle Co.

  B & B Feed Lot

  Givens Livestock Co.

     £3- & Daviec Inc.
  Idaho Animal
    Products Co.

  Donoho Sand & Gravel
  Simplot Soilbuilders

  Feed Service Inc.
  Industry
    Type
Address
        Ontario (Continued)

  Meat Packers        32 Valley Lane

  Sand & Gravel       Ontario
  Stock Yards
1750 SW 4
                                       Payette
  Canners
  Dairy Products -
  Wholesale

  Food Processing
25 N. 6th
619 1 Ave. S.
201 S. 6th
  Food Processing     237 10 Ave. N.
  Livestock Feeding   Little Willow

  Livestock Feeding   SE of Payette

  Livestock Feeding   SE of Payette

  Meat Packers        6 Ave. S.

  Rendering Companies N. 9 St. Ext


  Sand & Gravel       S. Park

               Nyssa

  Agr. Chem.          1 Walnut Avenue

  Agr. Chem.          E. Gem Avenue
Status

-------
                                                                      VI-61
                              TABLE VI-11 (Continued)

             Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Ontario Service Area
Industry
  Name
                         Industry
                           Type
Address
Status
American Fine Foods Inc. Canners
                         Food Processing
                                Nyssa (Continued)

                                             Northeast of Nyssa
Oregon Concrete
  Products

Cominco American Inc.
Munn Feed Lot Inc.

Hopkins Wholesale
  Meat
                         Concrete-Rdy liixed  Nyssa


                         Fertilizers-        328 S. 1st
                         VI'sale & Mfr

                         Livestock Feeding   Mitchell Butte Road
                         Meat Packers
Bartron Earl             Sand & Gravel
  Excavating Contractor
Nyssa


1102 Park Avenue
                                    Fruitland
Occidental Chemical Co.  Agr. Chem.
Allen's Custom
  Cannery
                         Canners
                         Food Processing
Fruitland Canning Assn   Canners
                         Food Processing
                         Frozen Foods
                         Processors

                         Canners
                         Food Processing

                         Canners
Iowa Avenue

E. of Snake River
Bridge

Colo
American Fine Foods
  Inc.

Top Canning Inc.
Occidental Chemical Co.   Insecticides-
                         Wholesale & Mfr
Penguin Lockers
Simpl ot. Soilbuilders
                         Meat Packers
                                      Vale
                         Agr.  Chein.
North of New Plyicouth


432 W. Blvd

Iowa Ave.


Fruitland



213 Oregon St. E.
Vale Livestock Auction   Livestock Auction   670 12 St. N.
                         Markets

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                                                                       VI-62
             Potential
       TABLE VI-11 (Continued)

Industrial Waste Sources - Ontario Shrvice Area
 Industry
  Name
Russell Land &
  Livestock
            Pack
Simplot-Soilbuildcrs

Petty Ready Mix
                     0
Home Dairies of Weiser

Lewis Berry Inc.


Weiser Livestock
  Commission Co.

Virgil Sweet
  Livestock

101 Feedlot Co.

Shuck's Freezer Meats


Ron's Meat Service


C.& W Sand & Gravel

Donoho Sand & Gravel
  Industry
    Type
Address
         Vale (Coiitinued)

  Livestock Feeding   431 15 th St. N.


  Meat Packers        Vale

              Weiser

  Agr. Chem.          243 W. Coml

  Concrete-Rdy Mixed  747 E. Coml
  Dairies

  Frozen Foods-
  Processors
Pioneer Raod

Sunnyside
  Livestock Auction   VJest Railroad
  Markets

  Livestock Buyers    430 State
  Livestock Feeding   Sunnyside

  Meat-Retail         W. 7 & Pioneer Rd.
  "mobile butchering..."

  Meat-Retail         Mann Creek
  "mobile butchering..."
  Sand & Gravel

  Sand & Gravel
H. Weiser Flat

E. 12 & River
Status
* Source listed in STORET Industrial Inventory
# Known waste discharge
M Major waste source

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                                                                      VI-63
B.   AGRICULTURAL SOURCES



Irrigation Return Flows


     Irrigation return flows are sources of suspended sediments, pesticides,


nutrients, organic materials, and dissolved solids.  These pollutants are
                                       •

carried from irrigated lands back into watercourses.  Also, return flows are



usually a higher temperature than streams.  In extensive irrigated areas, the


volumes of these return flows are large and significant water quality degrada-


tion may result in streams which have been depleted by diversion and consump-



tive use of water for irrigation.


     Return flows are usually diffuse, entering streams by numerous surface

                    e

and subsurface routes.  For this reason, such pollution sources are difficult



to quantify.  The water quality impact on receiving streams can readily be



evaluated but specific sources may not be identifiable.


     It is probable that irrigation return flows contribute to  the entrophic


conditions found in much of the Basin.  Any nutrient investigations should



give consideration to agricultural sources.


     With the exception of a few possible industrial sources and surface runoff



from lawns and gardens in urban areas, most of the pesticides present in Basin



watercourses probably originated from agricultural areas.  Irrigation return


flows are a prime means for transporting pesticides into   the streams.  There



is some evidence that pesticide concentrations in certain  areas of the Basin



may be significant.  A reconnaissance survey is needed  to  evaluate the potential



presence of a pesticide problem.  Potential problem areas  which receive sub-


stantial irrigation return flows include American Falls Reservoir, Lake Milncr,



the Snake River in the Twin Falls vicinity, the Boise River, and the Snake  River


in the Ontario vicinity.  Since pesticides may be attached to sediments in

-------
                                                                      VI-64






return flows or turbid streams,  a survey should also include examination of




bottom sediments.






Feedlots
     It is estimated that there are more than 800,000 head of cattle concen-




trated in the river valleys of the study area.  Many of these animals are




crowded into feedlots or holding pens in close proximity to various water-




courses.  A total of 80 livestock feedlots or markets (which normally have




sizeable holding pens) were listed, in phone directories for the study area.




These livestock facilities are listed in the tables of potential industrial




waste sources discussed above.  It is probable that there are numerous other




sizeable livestock facilities not listed in the phone directories.  It is also




apparent that the many small feedlots scattered through the agricultural areas




collectively pose a significant pollution source.  Areas with large feedlot




concentrations include the Burley, Twin Falls, and Ontario service areas and




the Boise River valley.




     Drainage from feedlots contains organic materials, nutrients and bacteria.




Such drainage can thus be a significant source of BCD and bacterial contamina-




tion and can contribute to  the eutrophic conditions of Basin streams.




     Idaho's water quality standards prohibit allowing accumulations of manure




in proximity to watercourses in such a manner that surface runoff or drainage




may carry materials into State waters.  In spite of this requirement, numerous




feedlots ve^e observed on the banks of streams where the cattle have direct ac-




cess to the water or where drainage from pens was piped directly into waterways,




Large feedlots adjacent to the Amalgamated Sugar Company refinery at Paul and




the J. R. Simplot Co. food processing plant at Caldwell were examples of  the




latter type of drainage violation.

-------
                                                                      VI-65





     Available bacteriological data are primarily total coliform concentrations



v/hich do not distinguish between animal contamination.  A comprehensive bacte-



riological survey during wet weather periods,  using additional bacterial \ndi-



cators such as fecal coliform and fecal streptococcus concentrations, is needed



to evaluate the significance of bacterial and other pollution from feedlots.





C.   NATURAL SOURCES



     Natural sources contribute sediments, dissolved solids, nitrates and phos-



phates which alone or together with man-made contributions create undesirable



water quality conditions.  The contributions of nitrates and phosphates are



perhaps of the most concern.



     Natural phosphate-bearing earths are found in the drainages of  the Portneuf
                                           0


and Blackfoot rivers southeast of Pocatelio.  Blackfoot Reservoir is located on



top of one outcrop of these phosphate materials.  As a result, the reservoir and



river are fouled with aquatic growths during warm months.  The Blackfoot River



contributes a significant phosphate load  to American Falls Reservoir.



     A number of springs contribute phosphates  to the Portneuf River.  This



stream also receives a  large phosphate load from the phosphate plants at Poca-



cello.  A major portion of  the phosphate  load carried by  the Upper Snake River



at American Falls Reservoir originates in the Portneuf River drainage area.



     Available data on  phosphate concentrations in waters of  the Upper Basin



are very  limited.  Ati intensive survey of phosphate  loads entering American



Falls Reservoir  is needed to define the  sources of phosphates  and to evaluate



the  loads contributed by man-made sources such  as the J.  R. Simplot  Co. and



FMC Corporation  plants  at Pocatelio.  Control of phosphate  sources could po~



tenui-illy achieve a substantial reduction in algal growths  in  American  Falls



Rer. srvo: r.

-------
                                                                      VI-66






     Available data on nitrate concentrations are also limited.  Nitrates are




high below the Thousand Springs area,  suggesting that groundwater inflow may




be a major source of nitrates.  As in  the case of phosphates, the relative




magnitude of natural and man-made sources of nitrates is unknown.

-------
          APPENDIX A




IDAHO WATER QUALITY STANDARDS




    FOR INTERSTATE STREAMS




          JUNE 1967

-------
                          F0~;
          STAui>ARDS Or WATS?. QUALITY FOR IKS
              IKTEilSTAT"  l.:Ait:?.S. 0?  IDAHO
AND DISPOSAL i.T.SRSIi:- OF  SF//AG2 A>:D INDUSTRIAL PASTES
    -\   .-VV\.
     .-. \ .-•  • >  ••-. \
           - '*•- -.X
              IDAHO SV/.TF: i:OA';D 0?

-------
      Adopt.-:?  by Lh£=  !,a»rd  of S-sslth of  the Stcts
of Id.-i.o .VJI-C-J'TI::  tj ths JuLhoricy £r«i.itod' to Lh-i
Bo^vc! in f,:-ctic.is  3-112 ti-.r     '
Idr.ho Ci-.-'i.
                            "   /       ^ '?  •'^"'1  f   .-
                     Attest.   ,O:'.— • ' -:f.i{ J / : _i-., 1 - S-~J.
                              Vs. i' - o 1 3* "b . 3 -i r\- ; r ,  : 1 . 3 .
                              Sesr-.C^ry, SoarJ  =5 Hos
                                of rh:  StFf-e cu  I.Jc'.io

-------
                               TABLE OF CONTENTS
Definitions

Policies of the State Board of Health
Restrictions en the Discharge of Sewage and Industrial Wastes
  and Human Activities vhich Affect: Water Quality in Lhe
  Waters cf the State  ..................................................   2

Maintenance of Standards of Quality ....................................   3

General Water Quality Standards for Interstate Streams  .................   3

Water Quality Standards for Public Waters of the Bear River,
  Bear Lake, Cub River, i.'cnn- Creek and the llalad River  .................   5
                        Vjfj ';<•,
Water Quality Standards for Public Waters of the Main Stem of
  the Snake River  from  the Wyoming-Idaho Border (River  Mile  918)
  to the Oregon-Idaho Border (River Mile 407) ; North Fork Teton
  River; Henry's Fork  fro:n Junction with Falls River to the  Snake
  River; Raft River; Goose Creek; Salmon Falls Cryek;
  River and  the Bruneau River  ......................... n-.V.'. I ..'
V,    r Quality  Standards  for Public Waters  of  the Main  Stem  of  the
   Snake River  from  the Oregon-Idaho Border (River liile 407)  to
   the Hells  Canyon  Dar,i  (River Mile 247)  ........................
 Water  Quality  Standards  for  Public Waters  of  tha }!ain  Sten of  the
   Snake  River  from the Hells Canyon Dan  (River  Jlile  ?47)  to the
   Interstate Line  at  Lewistcn,  Idaho  (River Mile  139)  and  the
   Palouse  River  	   '

 Water  Quality  Standards  for  Public Waters  of  the  Kootenai, Clark
   Fork,  Moyic, Coeur  d'Alcne, Priest  and Spokane  Rivers 	   8

 Water  Quality  Standards  for  Public Waters  of  the  Pend  Oreille
   River, Pend  Oreille Lake,  Priest Lake  and Coeur d'Alcne  Lake 	   8

 Appendix ] - Laboratory  Tests and  Procedures  	   9

 Appendix 2 - Beneficial  Uses of Interstate Streams 	  10

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                                   DEFINITIONS


     The following definitions shall apply to the interpretation and the enforce-


mei   >f these regulations:


     "Sewage" means the water-carried human or animal waste from residences, build-


ings, industrial establishments or other places together with such ground water


infiltration and surface water as ray be present.  The admixture with sewage as.


above defined of industrial wastes cr wastes, as defined in the following para-


graphs 2 and 2, shall also be considered "sewage."


     "Industrial waste" means any liquid, gasecus, radioactive or solid waste sub-


stance or a combination thereof resulting from any process of industry, nvinufac Curing,


trade or business, or from the development or recovery of any natural resources.


     "Wastes" reans sewage, industrial wastes, and all other liquid, gaseous, solid,


radioactive or other substances which will or r.?.y cause pollution or tend to cause


pollution of the public waters of the state.


     ''Pollution." means such contamination or other alteration of the physical,  chem-


ical or biological properties of the public waters of the state, including change  in


temperature, taste,. color, turbidity or odor of the waters, or such discharge of any-


liquid, gaseous, solid, radioactive or other substance into the voters of the stcte
                •

v'e«~ns  the distance in miles a specified location  is  fiom  the  ncuth


cf  "l-c  stream.


                                       -1-

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1.   POLICIES  OF THE STATE  BOARD  OF HEALTH^



     A.    INTERSTATE COMPACTS, COURT  DECREES AND ADJUDICATED WATER RIGHTS



               Jt shall  be  the policy of  the State Board of Health that  the adop-



          tion of water  quality standards  for interstate streams and  the enforce-



          ment of such standards  is not intended to conflict with  the apportion-



          ment of water  to  the State  of Idaho through any of the interstate



          compacts or court decrees or to  interfere with the rights of Idaho



          appropriators  in  the utilization of the v;ater appropriations which have



          been granted to them under  the  statutory procedure or water quality



          criteria established by mutual agreement of the participants in  inter-



          state water pollution control enforcement procedures.



     B.    HIGHEST AND BEST  PRACTICABLE TREATI^T A1ID CONTROL REQUIRED



               It shall  be  the policy of  the State Board of Health that, notwith-

                                                 •

          standing the water quality  standards contained herein, where a higher



          standard can be achieved, the highest and best practicable  treatment
               •


          and/or control of wastes, activities and flows shall be  provided so as



          to maintain dissolved oxygen at  the highest desirable  levels and overall



          vater quality  as  good as possible, and vater  temperatures,  coliforin bac-



          teria concentrations, dissolved  chemical substances, toxic materials,



          radioactivity, turbidities,  color, odor and other deleterious  factors at



          the  lowest desirable levels. Such policy to apply not only  to existing



          vaste sources  but to future waste sources as  they may  develop  and for



          such other interstate streams not listed herein.



2.   RESTRICTIONS 01,' THE DJSCilAKGE OF SC'.'AGF, A1ID IT.TNJSTSIIAL BASTES AND HUMAN
                  •


     ACTIVITIES WHICH AFFECT WATER QUALITY IN THE WATERS OF THE  STATE



          Ho wastes shall be discharged and no activities shall  be conducted  in



     such a way that said wastes  or activities either alone or in  combination with



     other wastes or activities will  violate or can reasonably be  expected to

-------
    violate the  water  quality standards contained herein.



3.  MAINTENANCE  OF STANDARDS OF  QUALITY


    A,   The decree of  sewage or  waste  treatnent  required  to  restore  and  maintain


         the standards of quality  shall be  determined  in  each  instance by  the


         State Board of Health and shall  be based upon the  followins:


         (1)  The uses which are or may likely  be made of the  receiving  stream.



         (2)  The size and nature  of flow of the receiving stream.


         (3)  The quantity f.nd  quality of the sewage or wastes to be treated,


         (A)  The presence or  absence of  other sources of pollution on  the



              same vatershed.


    B.   The water quality standards are  subject to revision (follo:.'ing public


         hearings and concurrence of the  U. S. Secretary of Interior in the


         case of  interstate streams) as technical c!ata. surveillance programs,


         and  technological advances make  such revisions desirable.


    C.   For  purposes of  enforcement of these standards, sampling will  be done


         at a point where these standards  can be evaluated, except  for  areas



         immediately  adjacent to  outfalls.   Cognizance will be  given  to the
                  • •                  "                                     •

         opportunity  for admixture  of waste  effluents vith  receiving  waters.


     D.   Tests  or analytical procedures  to determine  compliance with  standards


         •will,  insofar  as practicable and  applicable,  be ma
-------
   GENERAL WATER QUALITY STANDARDS  FOR INTERSTATE  STREAMS

   7   following General V.'ater Quality Standards  shall  apply  to all interstate

   waters of the state in addition  to the  water quality standards  set forth

   herein for the various specified and unspecified interstate  waters of the

   state. _Interstate waters shall  not contain:

   A.   Toxic chemicals of other than natural origin in concentrations found

        to be of public health significance or adversely affect the use

        indicated.*  -(-See-Appendix-2*)-

   B.   Deleterious substances of other than natural origin in concentrations

        that cause tainting of edible species or tastes and odors  to be

        imparted to drinking water supplies.

   C.   Radioactive materials of other than natural origin shall not be
         *  "	"                                      0
        present  in any amount which reflects failure in any c?se to apply

        all controls which are physically and economically feasible.   In

        no case  shall such ipatcrials exceed  the limits established in  the

         1962 U.  S. Public Health Service Drinking Water Standards.

    D.    Floating or  submerged matter not attributable  to natural causes.

    E.    Excess  nutrients  of other  than natural origin  that cause visible

         slime growths  or  other nuisance rquatic growths.

    F.    Visible concentrations of  oil, sludge  deposits, scum,  foam or other

         wastes  that  may  adversely  affect  the use  indicated.

    G.    Objectionable  turbidity which  can  be traced to a point source.
                   •

*Gul(tc£.  such as  the Water Quality Criteria, published by the State  of  California
rfaler Quality Centrol Board  (Second Edition,  1963)  will be  used in evaluating
the tolcr.'jnccr.  of the various  toxic chemicals for  the use  indicated.
                                    -ft-

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WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR PUBLIC WATERS O.F THE HEAR RIVER, BEAR LAKE, CUB RIVER,

v.totf
JWOHM CREEK AND THE MALAD RIVER

1.   Ko wastes shall be discharged and no activities shall be conducted which either

     alone or in combination with other wastes or activities will cause in these

     waters:

     A.  Organises p_E  the Colifom Group whore Associated with Fecal Sources  (KPH,

          equivalent KF or appropriate test using a representative  number cf  samples)

               Average concentrations o'f coliform bacteria  to exceed 1,000 per  100

          millilitcrs.with 20 per cent of. samples net  to  exceed  2/.00  per 100 nilliliters

      B.  Mssclvco Oxv^en  (DO;

               DO  to  be  less  than 75  per cent  of saturation at  seasonal  low  cr  less

           than  100 per cent  saturation  in  spawning  areas  during spawning, hatching,

           and fry  stages  of  salmonid  fishes.

      C.   }lydrc>.on_ Tsn_ Conccntr.ition (pH)

                pi!  values to  be ^outside  the range of 7.0 to 8.5.  Induced variation not
                i
           to be more than 0.5 pH unit-

      D.  Temperature

                Any measurable increase when stream temperatures are 6S°F. or above,

           or more than 2°F.  increase when stream temperatures are  66CF. cr less.
                   »
 WATER QUALITY STANDARDS 1-0?. PUBLIC WATERS OF THE 11A1N STEM CF THE  SNAKE RIVER  FROM
                                                                                    *
 THE WYOMING-IDAHO BORDER (RIVER MILE 918)  TO THE OREGON-IDAHO BORDER  (RIVER  MILE 407) ;

 NORTH FORK TETCN RIVER; HENRY'S FORK FROM JUNCTION WITH FALLS RIVER TO THE S^.i'JS
                                                     •3Ttrf.vi&~i=
 RIVER; RAFT  RTV.-R; GODSE CREEK; SALMON FALLS CRUEK; JARBR-IDSE RIVER AND THE  FRUNEAU

 RIVFR.

  1.   No wastes shall.be discharged and no activities  shall  be  conducted which  -cithar

      alone  or  in ccmbinalion vith  other wastes or  activities will  Cc-.usc  In  these waters:
       A.

            «quJv.ilenL 1!F or appropriate  te.'.t  using n  representative number of sawplcs)

                                          -5-

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              Average concentrations of colifonn bacteria to exceed  1,000  per  100


         milliliters.with 20 per cent of samples not to exceed  2,400 per  100 milli-


         llters.


     B.   Dissolved  Oxygon  (DO)


              DO  to  be  less  than 75 per cent of saturation at  seasonal low or  less


         than 100  per cent saturation in spavming areas during spanning,  hatching


         and  fry  stages of sclmonid fishes.


         Exception;  Five parts per million at Milner Dam based on a minirura stream


         flow of  GOO cubic feet per second at  this  point.


     C.   Hydrogen  Ion Concentration  (pll)


              pll  values to be  outside  the  range of  7.0  to 9.0.  Induced variation


         not  to be more than 0.5  pH unit.


     D.   Tcn'pcra turc


              Any measurable increase vhen strcan temperatures are 68°F. or above,


          or more  than  2°F.  increase when  ctrean  temperatures are 66°F. or  less.


HATER QUALITY STANDARDS  FOR  PUBLIC UATCF.S  0?  THE KA11I STEM OF THE SHAKE RIVER FROM


THE OREGON-IDAHO BORDER  (RIVER  MILE  407)  TO THE HELLS CANYON DAM  (UIVER MILE 247).


1.   No wastes shall  be  discharged and  no activities shall be conducted which  either


     alone or in combination  with  other  wastes or  activities will cause in  these


     vaters:


     A-  Orp.anisps of_ the. Colifom Group where Associated vi th  Focal  Sourer-s (IIPN,


          equivalent IIP or appropriate  test using a representative nirabcr  of sanples)


               Average  concentrations  of coiifocm bacLeria LO  excf.ed 1,000 per 100 milli-


          liters,  with  20 por cent of samples not to exceed 2,400 per 100  mi ilililors.
                      •

     B.  T)issolved Oxyf.on (DO)


               DO  to be less than 75 per cent of saturation at seasonal  lov? or


          less  than  100 per cent saturation in spawning, nrer,s  during spawning,


                                        -6-

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          hatching, and Cry stages of salmonid  fishes.


     C.  Hydrogen Ton Concentration  (pH)

               pH values to be outside  the range  of  7.0  to  9.0.   Induced variation


          not to be more than 0.5 pll unit.


     D.   Temperature

               Any measurable increase  when  stream  temperatures  are 70°F. or above,


          or more than 2°F. increase when river temperatures  are 68°F. or less.


WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR PUBLIC WATERS OF THE  VAIll STEM  OF THE SHAKE RIVCR FROM THE


HULLS .CANYOH DAM (RIVER. MILE 247) TO THE INTERSTATE  LINE AT LEWISTON, IDArfO (UIVER

                                j\ A                  	
MILE 139) AND THE PALOJJSE KJ\LER_.l" *T-

1.   No wastes shall be discharged and  no activities shall  be conducted which either


     nlone or in combination \.-ith other wastes  or activities  \;ill  cause in these


     vatcrs:


     A •   ^£ti£J}i^;:15. £L ,L-l'r. CoHfom Group vhore Associated  wic'n  Fecal Sources (iIPrl,

          equivalent ?rF or appropriate  test  using a  representative number of. samples)


               Average concentration of coliform  bacteria to exceed  3^000 per 100 rr.il li-


          liters, with 20 per cent of samples not to exceed ^/.OO per 100 rnilliliters.


          Except ion:  Average concentration  of.  coliform bacteria to  exceed 2£0  per  100


          millilitcrs for  the lower  Snake River (River Mile 170-139) and the Fa louse


          River.


     B.  1J is solved P_x^/;£n.  (DO)

               DO  to be  less  than  75 per cent  saturation at seasonal  low or less  than


          100 per cent saturation  in spavnine areas during spa\-ning, hat.chi.ng>  and


          fry stages o£  salmonid  fishes.


     C.   Hydror/-n Ton Cone en trr tion (r-H)

               pll vnluss  to be  outside  the  range  of 7.0 to 9.0.   Induced variation


          not Lo be irorc  tlnn 0.5  pH unit.


     U.   Tciujir: rn t u re


                                         -7 -

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               Any measurable increase  when  stream t^pcratures are'66°F. or above.
          or more than 2°F.  Increase when river temperatures are 66°F. or less.
WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR PUBUC INTERS OF ME KOOTEHAl', CLARK K**. j6^>
COEUR D'ALEKE, PRIEST AND^SPOJJANE RIVERS
!.   Ho wastes shaU be discharged and no activities shall be  conducted  which either
     .ion. or  in combination «ith other wastes or activities will cause  in  these
     vaters:
     A.
           Bivalent HF  or  appropriate  test  usin8 a  representative number of sables)
                Average concentrations of l.Uton. bacteria to exceed 1,000 per 100
           Dinners, with 20 per cent o£ sables  not to exceed 2,400 per 100 .1111-

           liters.
                  o,:  Average concentration, of coltform bacteria  to exceed  2,0  per
           ]00 williliwcs for the Spokane and I^oyie Rivers.

      B.  Dissolve^. OxMS-en. (]22^
                BO to be  less  than 75 per cent of saturation  at  seasonal low or less
            than  100 per cent saturation  in  spavnin5 areas  durinS sP?.wninB, hatching

            end  fry stages of salrconid fishes.
                  •
       C .    llydrogcn "Ion Concejritrg tion  (jVH)
                 PI1 values to be outside  the ran£e of 6.5 to 8.0.  Induced variation

            not to be more than 0.5 pH vmit.

       P.   Temperature
                 ,,y «,.»r«bl«, lner.«. vhen strean, temperatures  are 68°F.  or above.
            or more than  2°F.  increase when ctrea™ temperatures  are  66°F. or less.

   HATH QUALITY  ST/.NDAMS V<«  PUBLIC UATEP-S 07 THE TEND  OF.F.ILLE  RIV.R. PEND OREI..LE

   1 "'E PRIEST 1AKE AKD COilUll  D'ALCUi: LAKE
   !   '„. wastes .Mil be discharged and no activities shall be conducted which either
        n,one or i«  combination with  other «.U. or  activities .,11  cause in  the... water,

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     A.._ Organisms  o£ the Coliform Croup whore Associfltcd^jwith Fecal Sources  (MPH,




          equivalent  MF or appropriate  test using a representative number  of  samples)




              Average concentrations of coliform bacteria  to exceed 240 per  100




          milliliters along shore ] inc  of  lakes and 50 per  100 inilliliters in the




          main body of the lake or stream.




     B.   • Dissolved O^y^cn (DO)




              DO to  be less than 75 per cent saturation at seasonal low or  less  than




          100 per cent in spawning areas during spanning, hatching, and fry  stages  of




          salmonid  fishes.




     C.    Hydrogen  Ton Cone entra Li on (r/H)




              pH values  to be outside  the range of 6.5 to  8.0.   Induced variation




          not to  be more  than 0.5 pH unit.




     D.    Tempera turc




              Any measurable increase  when stream  temperatures  are 68 F.  or above,




          or more than 2°F. increase vhen  river tqrcpcratures are 66 F. or  less.
                                  Appendix  1




                        LABORATORY TESTS  AND PROCEDURES




Stan da id Methods for Lh2 ExaninaLion  of_ Water  and  Was tcvn tor,  Twelfth Edition,




1965, prepared and published  jointly  by American  Public Health Association,




American Water Works Association, Water Pollution  Control  Federation.
                                        -9

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                               BENEFICIAL  USES  TO  BE  PROTECTED
                                                      Anocndlx 2

Bear River, Cub River, Worm Creek, and
M-i'.nd River
HC.T I.r.ko
Hor.rv's Fork ar-d Nrrth Fork Toton River
S.i.ilie !\wer:
i'vcs-.jrf, Sorrier to A:ne:ifan Falls Reservoir
^T? rif.-iiLZLill? J19J5? r- r-.:F_ '•r-i'Pts.? T1"11!. , 	
51-M'er"" jn co Molls i*aiiyoa O.'iii
	 l^oli1. C.-^vcn l.'im to Levi«i^a
Rprt River, Goose cTtcc'x, Snir.ion talls> CrceTi7
''.Trlifiilpo Rivor. l-.runo.Tj River
P.- !ou«;e '.livor
i'cnd Oreillc Kivcr. Pond Oi-cille L>ake, Priest
L.ikc, Cocur d'Alenc Like
X.OOLC-.V.I. River, Clark I'ork River, Koyic
River, 1'riest Kivcr
Spokane i'.iver, Cocur d'Alenc River above
Sn.ivil le. ('»)
De-res tic
Un tor
Supply
X(l)
X
X
x
x
L X
X
._x 	
X
X
X
X
Industrial
Water
Supply
1 1
X
X
X
x
"•
x
__x 	
..? 	 ;
? J
-
X
X
• x
Irrigation
X
X
X
X
X
V
A
f-
!v v
jl
Y
•*•
X

X
Livestock
Watering
A
X
x
X
x
X
X
L\p
•*

X
X
Salmon id
r'ish
Spawning
X(5)
X
X
X


V / 7V
^h V J '
.
X
A (5)
X
X
x^
Salncnid
Fish
Rearing
X
X
X
x'
.. X.
X
x
X
V
x
x
X
Othar Fishing &
Aquatic Life
X
X
X
X
:<
y
__x 	
X
X
X
X
X
c -<
•H l-l
1 1 i ^
c .^
S -r-l
sc r:
X
X
X
x
.-:
x
x
X
X
X
X
Water
Skiing and
Swintning
x.'?)
X
i-ro*
~~x
X-2)

"yV™
X(2)
Y
X
X
X
Pleasure
Beating
Xf2,
x
\'/2%


\/')>
jZII'I?
*

X
X

Aesthetic
Qualities
x
" '•- —
~ " ••^•^"^••^^^
«:

«c
*"" """"""
~x

X
X
(1)   Domestic water supply for Bear River

(2)   Water skiing and pleasure boating on reservoir portions of stream

(3)   Anadromous fish passage use as well

(4)   Determination of uses of Cocur d'Alone River below Enavillc will be
     done when construction of domestic and mine waste treatment facilities
     has been cc-nplcter., or noc later than July 1, 1S69

(5)   Upper veachos of sti'erm
                                                          -10-

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          APPENDIX B




IDAHO WATER QUALITY STANDARDS




     FOR ALL STATE WATERS




        SEPTEMBER 1968

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                          RULES AND REGULATIONS




                                   FOR




             THE ESTABLISHMENT  OF  STANDARDS  OF WATER QUALITY




AND FOR WASTE WATER TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR WATERS  OF THE STATE OF IDAHO
                         IDAHO STATE BOARD OF HEALTH




                               September 1968

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                              RULES AND  REGULATIONS
          FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT  OF STANDARDS OF UATER QUALITY AND  FOR
     WASTE '-ATER TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS  FOR WATERS OF THE STATE OF IDAHO
LEGAL AUTHORITY
     The Idaho State Board of  Health,  pursuant  to  the authority granted in Title
39, Chapter 1, Idaho Code, sections  39-105 and  39-112,  did adopt the following
Rules and. Regulations for the  Establishment  of  Scandards  of Water Quality and
for Waste Water Treatment Requirements for Waters  of  the  State of Idaho while
in regular quarterly session on August 15,  1968, at Coeur d Alene, Idaho, and
did deterpine the effective date to  be September 4, 1968.

PREAMBLE

     It shall be the policy of the State Board  of  Health  to  provide for an orderly
and economically feasible comprehensive water pollution control program, which
program shall be administered  to conserve*the waters  of the  State for all legiti-
mate beneficial uses, including uses for domestic  purposes,  agriculture, industry,
recreation, and fish and wildlife propagation.

     The Board recognizes that the control of water  pollution involves irany ^
factors, including rmJtiple water uses, economic considerations and overall Bene-
fits to the citizens of the State.  It shall ba the  policy of the Board  to carry
out such a program on a cooperative voluntary and educational casis insofar as
such a policy  is compatible '-ith statutory di-txes of i.l:c Beard.

     The Department of Health shall, on the basis of necessary  technical studies
determine waste  treatment needs throughout the State and shall  establish recommended
time tables for  the provision of such  treatment facilities as will  be  necessary  to
abate pollution  of  tha waters of the State.

     These regulations are  intended to be in haruony uith existing  interstate
stream regulations  and as an administrative  guide for  the continuation and sup-
plementation  of  the program previously carried out by  the Hoard.  The  regulation-
are  general  in nature and are  intended  for use until such time  as the  start  oc cue
Departn^nt of Health way  be able to gather sufficient  data to determine more
precise  quality  standards for  such  individual  streams  as uses a:ay indicate_and    _
until  such  time  as  the  staff  of  the Department develops  the  capability of initiating
a permit  system  as  provided in  the  Idaho statutes.

      For  these reasons,  paragraph 3A  should  be considered as the basic working
arrangement  of the  water  pollution  control  program which provides,  in  effect,
 special  consideration for each  and  every waste source  on the basis  of  special
 problems peculiar to that source•

 DF.FINTTT.OITS

      The following  definitions shall  apply  to  the interpretation and the enforce-
 ment of these regulations:

      "Sewage" means the water-carried hui.ian or ar.iiv.al  waste frorj rcsicte-.iccs,
 holdings, Industrial establishments  or other  plncrs together with such ground

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                                       -2-

 water  infiltration and surface water as iray be present,  The admixture with sewage
 as above defined of industrial wastes or wastes, as defined in the following
   agraphs 2 and 3, shall also be considered "sewage."

     "Industrial waste" means any liquid, gaseous, radioactive or solid waste
 substance or a combination thereof resulting from any process of industry, manu-
 facturing, trade or business, or from the development or recovery of any natural
 resources.

     "Wastes" means sewage, industrial vastes,  and all other liquid, gaseous,
 solid, radioactive or other substances which will or itay cause pollution or tend
 to cause pollution of the public waters of the State.

     "Pollution" means such contamination or other alteration of the physical,
 chemical or biological properties of the public waters of the State, including
 change in temperature, taste, color, turoidity or odor of the waters, or such
 discharge of any liquid,  gaseous, solidlf radioactive or other substance into the
 waters of the State which either by itself or in connection with any other sub-
 stance present, will or can reasonably be expected to create a public nuisance or
 render sjch waters harmful, detrimental or injurious to public health,  safety, or
 welfare, or to domestic,  commercial, industrial,  agricultural, recreational, or
 other legitimate uses or to livestock, wildlife,  fish or other aquatic  life or the
 habitat thereof.

     "Standard" or "standards" means such measure of quality or purity  in relation
 to their reasonable and necessary ui>e as rnay be established by the State Board of
F  Uh.

 1.   WATER RIGHTS

     It shall be the policy of the State Board  of Health that the adoption of
     water quality standards and regulations and the enforcement of such standards
     and regulations is not intended to conflict with the apportionment of wate)-
     to the State of Idaho, to any of the interstate compacts or court  decrees, or
     to interfere with the ri^htD of Idaho appropriators in the utilization of
     water rights.

 2.   HIGHEST AND BEST PRACTICABLE TREATMENT AND CONTROL REQUIRED

     Notwithstanding the  water quality standards  contained herein,  where a higher
     standard can be achieved, the highest and  best practicable treatment and/or
     control of wastes,  activities and flows shall be provided so as to maintain
     dissolved oxygen at  the highest desirable  levels and overall water quality as
     good as practicable,  and water tempera Lures,  coliforsn bacteria concentrations,
     dissolved cheisical  sjbr, ta-.iccs ,  toxic naterio Is,  r-.d^o-'.-rfi «••! Cy,  tuvbidiLiftC,
     color,  odor and other deleterious factors  at  the lowest desirable  levels.

 3.   RESTRICTIONS ON THE  DISCHARGE OF SEUAGE AND  INDUSTRIAL WASTES  AND  HUMAN
     ACTIVITIES WHICH AFFECT UATKR. QUALITY IN THE  WATERS OF THE STATE

     A.   No vastes shnll  be discharged and  no  activities shall be  conducted in
          such a way that  said wastes or  activities  either alone or in  combination

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                                      -3-

          v/ith  other  wastes or activities will violate or can reasonably be ex-
          pected  to violate the water qualicy standards and/or regulations con-
          tained  herein.

     B.   It is noted that from time to tine certain short-term activities which
          are deemed  necessary to accommodate essential activities and protect the
          public  interest nvay be specially authorized by the Department of Health
          under such  conditions as the Department of Health nay prescribe even
          though  such activities may result in a reduction of water quality con-
          ditions below those criteria and classifications established by this
          regulation.

4.   MAINTENANCE  OF STANDARDS OF QUALITY

     A.   The degree  of sewage or waste treatment required to restore and/or
          maintain the standards of quality and/or maintain existing quality shall
          be determined in each instance by the  State Board of Health and shall be
          based upon  the following:

          (1)  The uses which arc or may  likely  be made  of the receiving stream.

          (2)  The size and nature of  flow of  the receiving stream.

          (3)  The quantity and quality of the sewage or wastes  to be  treated.

          (4)  The presence  or absence of other  sources  of pollution on  the  same
     B.   For purposes of enforcement of these standards and regulations,  sampling
          will he done at a point where these standards and/or regulations can be
          evaluated, except for areas ir^.ediately adjacent to outlalJs.  Cognizance
          will be given to the opportunity for admixture of waste effluents with
          receiving waters, where such admixing is planned and carried ouL in a
          manner that will provide minimum degradation to receiving waters.

     GENERAL WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR WATERS OF THE STA1E

     The  following general water quality standards will apply to waters of the
     State, both surface and underground, in addition to the water quality sta™l-
     ards set forth on specifically identified waters,  waters of the State shall
     not  contain:

     A.   Toxic chemicals of other than natural origin in concentrations found co
          be of public health significance or to adversely affect the use  indicated.
           (Guides such as the Water Quality Criteria, published by the State of
          California Water Quality Control Board  (Second Edition. 1963) will DC
          used  in evaluating the  tolerances of the various  toxic chemicals for
           the use indicated.)

      B.   Deleterious  substances  of other than natural origin in concentrations
           that  cause  tainting of  edible species or tastes and odors  to be  imparted
           to drinking  water supplies.

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                                       -4-

    C.   Radioactive materials or radioactivity in water which exceed (1) l/30th
         of the MPC values given in Column 2, Table I, Appendix A, Part C, Rules.
         and Regulations for the Control of Radiation in the State of Idahjj.,
         72)" exceeds concentration limits of the Idaho prinking Water. Standards.
         for waters used for, or likely to be used for, domestic supplies,
         (3) results in accumulations of radioactivity in edible plants and
         animals  that present a hazard to consumers, and/or (4) is harmful to
         aquaiic  life.

    D.   Floating or submersed matter not attributable to natural causes.

    E.   Excess nutrients of other than natural origin that cause visible eliice
         growths  or other nuisance aquatic growths.

    F.   Visible  concentrations of oil, sludge deposits, .scum,  foam  or  other
         v?astes that may adversely aftect  the use  indicated.

    G.   Objectionable  turbidity which can be traced  to  a  point source  or sources.
     ON THE BASIS OF THE PRECEDING GENERAL WATER QUALITY STANDARDS  ™ FOLLOWING
NUMERICAL STANDARDS, WHERE APPLICABLE,  SHALL BE APPLIED, EXCE PT WHbRi «^^Ea
OCCUR BETWEEN NUMERICAL STANDARDS CONTAINED HEREIN AND THOSE ^lOUSLY AD OPTED
FOR SPECIFICALLY IDENTIFIED INTERSTATE STREAMS.  IN SUCH CASES, STANDARDS FOR
INTERSTATE STREAMS SHALL APPLY.

6.   NO WASTES SHALL BE DISCHARGED AND NO ACTIVITIES SHALL BE CONDUCTED WHICH
     EITHER ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER WASTES OR ACTIVIflES WILL CAUSE iN
     THESE WATERS:
         Oranisms of the Coliform Grou
          (HPN, equivalent MF or appropriate test using a representative
          Lnpi.es?)  Avera3e concentrations of coliform bacteria to exceed 1 000
          per  100 irillilxters, with 20 percent of saraplec not to exceed Z.4M, per
          100 taillilitcrs.

      B.   Dissolved Oxyp,en  (DO)

          DO ''to be  less  than 75 percent of  saturation at  seasonal  low  or  less than
          100  percent  saturation  in spawning areas during spawning, hatching, and
          fry  stages of  salmonid  fishes.

      C.   Hydrogen  Ion Concentration  (pll)

          pH values to be outside the range of  6.5 and  9.0.   Induced variation  not
           to be more  than 0.5  pH.  unit.

      D.  Temperature

          Any measurable increases when stream  temperatures  are 68° F«o°r  above,
           or more than 2° F.  increase when streau temperatures are 66   F. or less.

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                                       -5-.

     E.   Turbidity
          Turbidity,  other than of natural  origin,  to  exceed  10 Jackson TurbidiLy
          Units (JTU) .   (This turbidity requirement shill  not be  deemed to  rigidy
          apply to streams,  drain ditches,  etc.,  receiving irrigation  return  How.
          However, every reasonable .effort  should be made  to  prevent excessive
          turbidity from such wastes.)
     IN ADDITION TO THE GENERAL STANDARDS  CONTAINED HEREIN,  THE FOLLOWING
STANDARDS SHALL APPLY TO THOSE WATERS  OF THE STATE  IJHICH ARE PRESENTLY UPS_VSF.\M
FROM EXISTING SIGNIFICANT WASTE SOURCES AND TO ALL  LAKES AND RESERVOIRS USED
PRIMARILY FOR RECREATION, DRINKING WATER SUPPLIES,  FISH AND WILDLIFE PROPOGAT '.(«
AND/OR AESTHETIC PURPOSES .

7.   NO WASTES SHALL BE DISCHARGED AND NO  ACTIVITY  SHALL BE CONDUCTED WHICH ALONE
     OR IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER WASTES WILL CAUSE IN THESE WATERS:

     A.  Organisms £f the Coliforin Group

          Average concentration of coliform bacteria to exceed 240 per 100 ciilli-
          littfcs with 20 percent of the samples not to exceed 1,000 per 100
          milliliters and fecal coliform not to exceed 50 per 100 milliliters with
          20 percent of the samples not to exceed 200 per 100 milliliters.

     B.   Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

          DO to be less than 75 percent of saturation at seasonal low or less than
          100 percent saturation in spavming areas during spawning, hatching, and
          fry stages of salinonid fishes.

     C.   Hydrogen Ion Concentration (nH)

          pH values  to be outside  the range of 6.5  to  9.0.  Induced variation not.
          to be more than 0.5  pll unit,
          Any measurable increase whsn stream temperatures are S&° F. or above, or
          more  than 2° F. increase when strcan temperatures are 64  F. or less.

      E.   Turbidity

          Turbidity, other  than of natural origin,  to  exceed  5 Jackson Turbidity
          Units (JTU) .

      F.   Phosphorus or Nitrogen Compounds

          Measurable concentration of phosphorus or nitrogen  compounds above  those
          o£ natural origin.

 8.   REGULATIONS GOVERNING  WASTE DISCHARGES

      A.   Any  porson or persons, corporation, officexs of any municipality,  sewer
          district or  association which owns or operates  any  facility or carries

-------
                                  -6-
     out ?ny operation which results  in  the discharge  of  waste  vatei  shall
     furnish to the Department of Health such infcriration concerning  quality
     «nd quantity of discharged waste waters and maintain such  ""^^
     records as the Department may reasonably require  to  evaluaca  the e.fec.s
     on any receiving waters.

B    For the purposes of these reSulations, nininuu adequate treat.wat for
     domestic sewage or industrial wastes containing significant «£.«-
     Lterial shall be equal to that^hich is eonamly known •• """J^J
     treatment or the equivalent of. 35}percent rctr.oval of the Dioc.iera.ca*
     oxy-en SLand including adequatVdisinfection of any wastes unich «.y
     contain organis-ns that uay produce disease, in iran or annrais.  ^
     industrial processes, .in-?lant process controls « "r11"0^  1^:^ as'
     out for the prieary purpose of wistc reduction, shall « consiJ...^.
                _r         .  	   r-..-««»• {/-.no to Gecondary trt!3i_nie..t. ic
                                                         ;.

                                                          T     >
Failure to provide adequate treatment shall be considered a violation
of these regulations.
Any person, persons, corporation or officials o£ a municipality or sewer
district «hoPou«. or operates any .euaje or «^.r i»at«-borne -jnst.
treatment facility shall at all tines operate such racxlxty u..der
rLtonabfy coapetJnt s.oexvision and uith  the «8h«t «f ««ncy th-t
can reasonably be expected end »h«H maintain such facility in good
repair.
in cases of subsurface .ei.6o or waste  disposal,  such di.posal facilities

                                                        |
Jisposal  sysfu  be  located closer  than  50  £eet  horizontally
edSe  of any uater course,  ineludins l-Ues  or  reservoirs,  a, de ">
from  the  kno.m highest vnter  level of  such mt.r  course  la,e «
       rom   e  no.
      voii.  improperly or inadequately treated sevaSe .nail not
      to accumulate on the sround surface in such a manner that it *ay create
      a health hazard.

      It shall be a violation of these reflations to store  dispose of, or
      allow to accumulate any deleterious material ad-«accfn^0s^.^^h;uch
      ioiediate vicinity of any portions or the waters of  ^e Sta.e in  ,uch
      a manner that such rater ial .,111 or is likely  to enter the st.cnu a
      tiroes o£ hi5h water oc runoff or ^Jherc drainage fron such "J««J- ^
      accidental  failure of storage facilities «y transport or al lo,i dele
      terious »terial into the uater course.  Such  Mteciala shall     luoe
      but  not be  United  to, trash, rubbish, garbage, oil, gasoline,
              ar.
-------
                                    -7-

               _  _        *•*	^ _. __ ^ « '
   G.

        use.

   H.
        Standards.   The  provisions of
                       ~«?=
         significant pollution.
                      P."*.*  .1.11
                                                                     s=.
                                                                         be
         used for  other beneficial  purposes, provided necessary
         are tal-.en to prevent contamination of usable aquifers.
    1.   Sewage Treatment Design Standards and Subsurface Sewago Disposal
         Standards, as adopted by the  Idaho Department o£ "J'1^'^^^'^
         vised from tine to time and shall be used as   guide in  the rev ew o
         plans and specifications for  waste treatment facilities  as rcquireo
         by Section 39-112, Idaho Code.

    Regulations relatin3 to Water Pollution Control adopted by the Idaho State
Boaid  of Health May 11,  1959, are hereby rescinded.

    These Reflations shall be in full force  and effect on and after  September
1968.

     Section 39-112,  Par. E  -All plans and specifications  for the construction

-------
       APPENDIX C




IDAHO IMPLEMENTATION  PLAN

-------
•vj
I
    A  - Engineering Report
    S  - Arrangement of Financing
    C  - Conslice:ion  Plans
    D  - St.?rc  o! Construction
    E  - Placed in Operation
    1  - January - .*une
    2  - July  - Dcccnbcr
         TIME SCHEDULE FOR
   CURRENT WASl'K TRUATliCKT NEEDS
              TO MEET
ESTABLISHED WA'.'UR QUALITY STANDARDS

             TABLE II
Cit.v or Industry
Be?r P.ivor. Cub River, Mal.-.d River, Worm Creek and
Be.': La'o Potato Foods, Potato Processing - Idaho Falls
*/:cn.in Starch Co., Potato Starch - I-iaho Falls
* Idaho Potato Starch Co., Potato Starch - Idaho Falls
*R. T. Frri'Ch Co., Potato Processing - Shelley
M'Jano Supmnic, Potato Processing - Firth
•*A"iurlca:\ Potato Co., "ota^o Processing - Blacktoot
* Silt RCT.OV.lt
1967 1
2


A
C
C


D;E


E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E

1<
1


B.C
D,E
D,E














)G8
2


D.E





A
A









1«
1








B .
B









?69
2








C
C









1?
1
~1
i







D
D









>70
2








E
E










-------
O)
I
    A - Engineering Report
    B - Arrangement of Financing
    C - Construction Plar-s
    D - Start of Construction
    E - Placed IP. Operation
    1 - January - June
    2 - July - December
TABLE II continued
Cltv c" Industry
*Idaho Potato Starch Co., Potato Starch - Blackfooc
Sr?Vc River fron A-orican Falls Reservoir (River Mile
736) to Tviti Falls (River Mile 600)
. *Lzirlj-V.fcston Inc., Pot.-.to Processing - American Falls
City of Aberdeen
Idaho Potato Growers, Potato Processing - Aberdeen
Idaho Potat:« Starch Co., Potato Starch - Aberdeen
Kraft Foods Co., Xilk Products - Aberdeen
City of Rupert
Kraft Foods Co., Kilk Products - Rupert
Magic Valley Foods, Potato Processing - Rupert
City of Paul
City of Hey'jurn
J. R. Sl!r.plot Co., Potato Processing - Hcyburn
Ore-Ic?a Co.. Potato Processing - Burley
A Li ? Co., Potato Processing - Burley
C'.ty of Kiuborly
1967
2
E
E




3.C.D
B,C,D
B.C.D





A
1968
1 2


A
A
A
A
E
E
E
A




B


8
B
3
B



B
A
A
A
A
C
1969
1 2


C,D
C,D
C,D
C,D



C
B
B
B
B
D


E
E
E
E



D,E
C
C
C
C
E
19
1










D
D
D
D

* Si! Removal
                                                                                                                      E

                                                                                                                      E

                                                                                                                      E

                                                                                                                      E

-------
     	
A - EngtnccviRE Report
p. - Ari.-"-i£cricnt of Financing
C - Construeliop Plans
D - Stan of Construction
E - Placed in Operation
1 - January - June
2 - July - December
TABLE II continued
Citv or Tidustrv
Anttlgamatcd Sugar Co., Beet Susar - Tvin Falls
Independent Meat Co., Meat Packers - Twin Falls
City of Filer
City o£ JeroT.e
Ida-Gem Dairy, Milk Products - Jerome
Kinfi of Spues, Potato Flour - Jeronc
S"a^e Riv-r fro-i Twin Falls (River Mile 600) to Kells
Cnpvon Dam (River Mile 7A7)
City of Gleans Ferry
City of Wilc'cr
Northwest Boise Sewer District
City of Boise
Swift & Co., Meat Packing - Boise
Triangle- Dairy, Milk Products - Boise
Star Sower District
J. X. Sinplot Co., Potato Processing - Cri 1 1
L967
2

D
E
A
A
A
B
3

E

E
•

B
B,C
1968
1 2
A
E

B
B
B
C,D
C.D
B

E

B

C
D
B.C


C.D
C.D
C,D
E
E
C



C
A
D
E
1969
1 2
D,E


E
E
E


D



D
5
E









E



E
C


1970
1 2













D















E



-------
-D
i
         LEGEXD
    A - Engl-Te~s.ln{; Report
    3 - Avr.'nscpient of Financing
    C - Cons true'.ion Plans
    D - Start o£ Construction
    E - Placed in Operation
    I - January - June
    ? - July - December
TABLE II continued
Citv or Industry
City of Donnelly
City of Cascade
Gem Canning, Food Processing - Enrnctt
Del Monte Sa:id & Gravel, Gravel Wash - Enmctt
Cambridge
Stvke River fro™ Hells Ca-woti Dan (River Mile 247) to
Lewis io-i, Ic'aho (River Xile 139) and the Pa louse River
City of Lewiston
Lewiston Orchards Sewer District - Lewiston
Scabrook Parrs Inc., Pea Processing - Lewiston
Smith Foods Inc., Pea Processing - Lewiston
Potlatch Forests, Inc., Pulp & Paper - Lewiston
Riverside Sower and Water District
City of Craig-^ont
City of Sali-on
Koo:cRai River, T.'iest River, Pcnd Orellle Lake ar.d
P. iver, Cei-.-:- d'Aie::^ Lake and River, and Spokane River
Ci'.y of Ilon.-crs Ferry
19C7
2
A
C,D
C
C
C,D
•



C
E
A
A

1968
1 2
B.C
E
D,E
D,E
E
A
A
A
A
D

B
B.C
E
D




B
B
3
E
E

C
D,E

1969
1 2
E




C
C
C
C


D







D
D
D
D


E


19
1





E
E
E
E





70
2















-------
       . -
  A  - Enslnccring Report
  B  - Art-Tigemcnt of Financing
  C  - Construction Plans
  D  - Stnrt of Construction
  E  - Placed  In Operation
  1  - January - June
  2  - July -  December
   	   City_or__?ndustry
   City of Cocur d'Alene

   City of Kullan

   City of Wallace

   City of Burke

   City of Silverton

   City of Osburn
i
£  City of Wardner

   Elizabeth Park Sever District

   City of Sncltcrvillc

   Plnchurst Community

   Lucky  Fridsy Mine & Kill  - Kullan

   Star Mine &  Mill  - Osburn

   Cr.lena Mine  & Mill  - Wallace

    Polaris Mill - Wallace

    Bunker Hill
TABLE II continued
















1967
2
A
3
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B





1968
1 2
E
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
D
C
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
E
E
E
E
E
1969
1 2
D
E
*
E
E
E
E
E
E
E





E














19'0
1































-------
     LEGEND
A - Engineer Ing 3>cP°rt
B - Arrrnge-icnt of Financing
C - Construe ticn  Plans
D - Stnrt of Construction
E - Placed  in  Operation
I - January -  Jure
2 - July  - December
                      SCHEDULE FOR
        WASTE TREATMENT NF.LDS V-'EKEBY ALT-
DOMESTIC AND IKD'JSIRIAL WASTE TREAT! IEST FACILITIES
   WILL BE UPGRADED TO SECONDARY 01? EQUIVALENT

                     TADLE III


Rr.ir River, Cub River, to lad River, Vorm
Creek and Bear Lake

City of Xontpelier

City of Soda Springs
Sn."'*" liver from Wyoming-Idaho Border
(Rlvpr Jlilc 9185 to American Falls
, reservoir (River Mile 736)
•C-
tJ
1 City of Idc^o Falls
U c. I Sugar Co., Idaho Falls
Rogers Bros ., Potato Processing-Ida. Falls
Idaho Potato Growers, Potato Processing,
Idaho Falls
Idaho Potato Foods, Potato Processing,
Idaho F a 1 1 s
R.T. French Co. .Potato Processing, Shelley
Idaho SuprcTC, Potato Processing, Firth
A"ierlc.in Potato Co., Potato Processing,
Blac'itfool
Konin Starch Co.. Potato Starch, Idaho
F.i I Is
I<1. -he "ota to St.-.rch, Potato Slr.rch, Idaho
r« ™ >
1969
1 2












C



j





















D.E
A










i
1970
1 2













B




A






A '.. i>


A

.





c


C
c
w
B

B
A


c


c
1971
1 2


B

B





D


D
D

c

C
B
B

D





C

C





E


E
E

D

D
C
C

E


"
• 1972
1


D

D











E

E
D
D




Z


E

E














Z
Z




1973
1O

























t.











1













1

-------
A -    jinecrirg  Report
B - Arr-tngcncnL  of  Financing
C - Construction Plans
D - Stave o: Ccp.= tr'j
E - Placed  i:i Operation
1 - J.-nuaty - J-jr.c
2 - Ju^y - Doce"lber
                                                    TABLi: III continued
C: cv or Industry
City of Blackfoot
Idaho Potato Starch Co., Potato Starch,
Blacitfoot

St. Anthopy Starch Co., Potato Starch,
St. Anthony
City of Pocatello

Sia'r-0 River fro-n American FMls ResTvoi--
.jKivesi- VI!G 736) to Twin Fails (Rivor
K.ilg 600) ' ^ 	
M?bic Vnl'.cy Co., Potato Starch, Twin Falls
City of Twin Falls

Bertie's Poultry, Chicken Proceeding, --/in
Falls

Swift £. Co., Milk Products, Twin Falls

Young's Dairy, Xilk Produces, Tw*n F.I i Is

Idaho Frozun Foods, PotTtc Eroccssing,
Twin Falls

S-.nkc River frorr T"in Falls -fRiver Vila 400)
Lo He 1 is Canyon D.n riivcr M?!P ?/.7\
~" " " ' 	 ^~—
CiLy of Payccce
T 1969 | -1970
1 211 2



















































A












1


















A


A

8






















1971
1 7
c
1

B

C

*



A

A


A

A



A




A
c
i

C

D

A



&

B


B

B

3

2




5
1972 T '
T 1 ! i
D


D

E

B


i
f*
tm
I
£


1 JL
"1


E i
1
J 1
1

C



,
D
1
C


C

c

c

c
D


D



c

E

1
D
i
Z

D ! E
1
0 I o
1
i) i £
I {
1 t
i


c
i
1
!
D 1 E

-------
A - E-sir.cering Report
B - Arrr.rigc-v^nt oC Financing
C - Construceion Plans
D - Start oC Construction
E. - Placed in Operation
I - Jinuary - June
2 - July - Doccnbcr
TABLE III continued
City or Industry
Wells & Dav-.os, Meat Packing, Payettc
City of Wciscr
Sn-.ke River Eroir "ells Canyon Ban (River
Milt 247) co Lcwiston, Idaho (River Kile
139) ar.d the P.ilouso River
City of Orofiro
Xooccral River, Priest River, Pend Crftille
Lake and Hivcr, Coeur d'Aleue L-ike and
River, ap'i Spokane River
City of Sandpoint
City o£ Priest River
1969 i 1970
1 2 i 1 2









A










B
A





A



C
B





B



D
C
X971
1 2
A




C



E
D
3
A
*


D




E
1972
1 2
C
B



E




i
D
C









__!__
7.
D









                                                                                                             L973

-------
           APPENDIX D




RIVERS AND HARBORS ACT OF 1899

-------
                                  RIVERS AND HARBORS  ACT  OF  1899
                                        (33 U.S.C. 401-413; Section 407
                                    is referred  to as the Refuse Act of 1899)
   §401. Const i net ion of bridges, causeways, dams or dikes
 generally
   It shall  not lie lawful to consducl  or commence  tlie
 construction of any budge, dam, dike, or causeway over or
 in any port, roadstead, haven, harbor, canal, navigable river,
 or  other navigable watci of the United  States until  the
 consent of Congress  to the building of such structures shall
 have been  obtained  and  until the plans for the same shrj1
 have  been  submitted to and  approved by  the  Chief of
 Engineers  and by the Secretary of the Army: Piovidcd
 That such  slruclmcs may be built under aulhoiity of the
 legislature  of a State  across  rivers and other watciways the
 navigable portions of winch lie wholly within the limits of a
 single  State,  provided (lie location  and pians  thcicof me
 submitted  to and approved by the Chief of Engmecis  and'
 by  the  Sccrctaiy  of the  Army bcfoic  construction is
 commenced:  And piovitled fiiither. That when  plans for
    ' budge 01 other  stiucture have  been  approved  by the
    jf of Enginccis and  by  the Secretary  of the  Army, it
 shall not be lawful to deviate from such plans cithci before
 or after completion of the stiucture unless the modification
 of snid plans  has previously been submitted to and received
 the approval of the Chief of Engmccis and of the Sccrctaiy
 of the Army.

   §403. Obsttaction of excn\ntions  and filling  in  of
 navigable waters generally; wharves; piers, etc.;
   The creation of any obstruction not affirmatively author-
ized by Congress, to the navigable capacity of any of the
 waters of the  United Stales is prohibited; and it shall not be
 lawful to  build or commence  the building of  any  wharf,
 pier, dolphin, boom, wcii, breakwater, bulkhead, jetty, or
 other  structures  in  any port, roadstead, haven, harboi,
 canal,  navigable river, or other water of the United States,
 outside established harbor lines,  01  whcie no haibor lines
 have  been  established, except  on plans recommended by
 the Chief of Engineers and authonzccl by  the Secretary of
 the Army; and it'«!iall not b." lawful to r.ycvytc or Oil, or IP
 any manner  to  alter or  modify   the couisc,  location,
 condition, or capacity of, any poit, roadstead, haven, canal,
 lake, harbor or refuge, or mclosurc within the limits of any
 breakwater, or of the channel of any navigable water of the
 United States, unless the work has been recommended by
 the Chief of  Engineers and authorized by  the Secretary of
 i!»e Anr.y prior to the beginning the same.

    .$404. Establishment of harboi' lines; conditions to grants
 foi extension of piers, etc.
    Where it is made  manifest to the  Sccrctaiy of the Army
 that the establishment  of  haibor lines is essential to the
preservation  and protection of harbors he  may, and  is,
fuillion/.ccl to cause such lines to be established, beyond
which no piers, whaivcs, bulkheads, or oilier works shall  be
extended  or  deposits made, except under such regulations
as may be prescribed fiom time to time by him: Provided,
That whenever  the  Sccictary of the Army grants  to any
person or poisons  permission to extend  piers, wharves,
bulkheads, or other woiks, or to make deposits in any tidal
harbor or river  of  the United States beyond  any  harbor
lines established under authority of the United States,  he
shall cause  to  be  ascertained the  amount  of tidewater
displaced  by any such structuic or by  any such deposits,
and he shall, if he deem it necessary, require the parties to
whom  the pcimission is given to make compensation for
such displacement cither by excavating in some part of the
harboi, including tidewater channels between high and low
water mark, to  such an extent  as to create  a  basin for as
much tidewater  as may be displaced by such structure or  by
such deposits,  or in any other mode  that  may be satis-
factory to him.

   §<106.  Penalty for wiongful construction  of bridges,
picis, etc.; removal of structures
   Every  person  and every corporation that shall violate any
of the  provisions of sections 401,403, and 404 of this title
or any  nilc  or  regulation made by  the Sccrctaiy  of the
Army in puisuancc  of the provisions of section 404 of this
title slull be deemed  guilty  of a misdemeanor, and  on
conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine not exceed-
ing S2.500 nor less  than S500, or by imprisonment  (in the
case of a natural person) not exceeding one year, or  by
both such punishments, in the discretion of the court. And
further, the removal of any structures or parts of structures
erected in violation  of the piovisions of the said sections
may be  enforced by the injunction of any  district court
exercising jurisdiction  in  any district  in  which such
structures may  exist, and  proper proceedings  to this end
may be  instituted  under  the direction of the Attorney
Gcncial of the United States.

   §407. Deposit of refuse in, navigable waters generally
  It shall not be lawful to throw, discharge, or deposit, or
cause,  suffer, or procuie  to be  thrown, discharged,  or
deposited cither from or out  of any ship, barge, 01 other
floating  craft of any  kind,  or  from  the shore,  wharf,
manufacturing  establishment, or mill of  any kind, any
refuse  matter of any  kind or description  whatever other
than that flowing  from  streets  and  sewers  and passing
thercfiom in a liquid state, into any navigable v/atcr of the
United States, or into any tributary of any navigable water

-------
 from which (he s.mic shall  final  or be washed into such
 navigable wntci, and it shall not  bo lawful lo deposit, or
 cause, suffer, or |>mcuic  to  be deposited  malciial of'.my
 kind in  any place on  the bank  of any navigable walcr,
 wlu'ic I he  same  shall  In- liable lo he washed niio  Mich
 navigable walei, eillier by oidinaty 01  hi^h  lides, 01  by
 sloniis or floods, or olheiwise, wheiehy navigation shall or
 may be impeded 01 obstructed,  hornlcd. 'I hat  nothing
 heiein contained shall extent In, apply lo, or prohibit ihc
 opcialions in cnnncelinn wilh  Ihc  impinvemcnl  of  navi-
 gable wateis or cnnsliiiction of public wniks, considered
 ncccssaiy and proper by  the Umlcd Slates officers super-
 vising  s,tich improvement or public work:  Anil provided
 further, That  Ihc  Secretary of Ihc Army, whenever in Ihc
 judgment of the Chief of Engineers anchorage or navigation
 will not be injuicd thereby, may permit the deposit ofany
 material above mentioned in  navigable waters, within limits
 to  be  defined and under conditions to be prescribed by
 him, provided application is made  to him prior to  deposit-
 ing  such material: and whenever any pcimit is so granted
 the  conditions thereof shall be strictly complied with, and
 any violation thereof shall be unlawful.


   §407a. Deposit of debris of mines and stamp woiks
   In places where liaibor-hncs have not been established,
 and  where deposits of debris  of mines or stamp works can
 be  made without  injury  to navigation, within lines to be
 established by the Sccictary of the Aimy.said officer may,
 'nd  is authorized to, cause such lines to be established; and
 ivilhin  such  lines  such  deposits  may  be made, under
 regulations to be from time to time prescribed by him ...


   §408. Taking possession of, use of, or injury to harbor
 or river improvement!)
  It shall not be lawful for any person  or persons to  take
 possession  of  or make  use of for any purpose, or build
 upon,  alter, deface,  destroy, move, injure, obstruct by
 fastening vessels thereto or otherwise,  or  in any  manner
 whatever impair the usefulness of any sea wall, bulkhead,
jetty, dike, levee, wharf, pier, or other work built by the
 United Slates, or any piece of plant, floating, or otherwise, '
 used in the construction of such work undci the contiol of
 the United States, in whole or in part, for the preservation
 and  improvement  of any  of its  navigable waters or lo
 prevent floods, or as boundary marks, tide gauges, survey-
 ing stations, buoys, or other established marks, nor remove
 for ballast  or other purposes any  stone or other material
 composing such works: Piovided, That the Secretary of the
 Army  may,  on  the  recommendation  of  the  Chief of
Engineers, grant  permission for the temporary occupation
or use of any of the aforementioned  public works when in
  Ins judgment such occupation or use will not be injurious lo
  (he public mleicsl.

     §411. Penally for wmiigful  deposit of refuse; use of or
  injury  lo  liaiboi inipiovcmciils, and obstruction of n.ivi-
  gaMc wa In s gcnci ally
     l-»ciy poison and  every corporation that shall violate, or
  (hat  shall knowingly aid, abet,  aulhori/c, or  instigate a
  violation of  ihc provisions of sections 407.40S, and 409 of
  (his  lillc  shall  be  gmlly  of  a misdemeanor,  and  on
  conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine not exceed-
  ing S2.500 nor less than $500 or by imprisonment (in  Ihc
  case  of a natural person) fur not less than  thirty days nor
  more than one year, or by bolh such fine and imprison-
  ment ,  in the dcscrclion of the  court. One half of said fine
  to be  paid  lo  the  person or persons giving information
  which shall lead lo conviction.

     §413. Duty of United States attorneys and other Federal
  officers in enforcement of provisions; arrest  of offenders
    The   Dcpaitmcnt  of  Justice  shall conduct  the legal
  proceedings necessary to enforce  the provisions of sections
  401,  403, 404, 406, 407, 408, 409,411, 549,  686, and 687
  of this title; and  it shall  be  the duty  of United  Slates
  attorneys to vigorously  prosecute ail  offenders against  the
  same whenever requested to do so by the Secretary of the
  Army or by  any of the  official  hereinafter  designated, and
  it  shall furtheimorc  be the duly  of said United  Stales
  attorneys lo report lo the Attorney General of the United
  Slates  the   action  taken  by   him  against  offenders  so
  reported, and a  transcript of such reports shall be trans-
  nutted   to the Secretary  of the Army  by the Attorney
  General; and  for  the  better  enforcement  of the  said
  provisions and to facilitate the detection and bringing  to
-  punishment  of such  offenders,  the  officers and agents of
  the United States in charge or  river and harbor improve-
  ments,  and the assistant engineers and inspectors employed
  under them by avhority of the Secretary of the Army, and
  the United States collectors of customs and olhcr revenue
^ officers  shall have   power and  authority  lo swear  out
  process, and  lo  arrest  and lake into custody, with  or
^without process,  any person or persons who  may commit
  any of  the acts or offenses proiubilcd bj  the oaid sections,
  or  who  may  violate  any of the  provisions of the  same:
 Provided, That no person shall be arrested without process
  for any offense not committed in the picscncc  of some one
  of  the   aforesaid  officials: And provided  further,  That
 whenever any arrest is made under such sections, the person
 so  Crested shall  be  brought forthwith before a co-rmi:-
 sioncr, judge, or court of the United Stales for  examination
 of the offenses alleged against him; and such commissioner,
 judge, or court shall proceed in respect thereto  as aulhoizcd
 by Jaw in case of crimes against the United Slates.

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     APPENDIX E




EXECUTIVE ORDER 11574

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                                        EXECUTIVE  ORDER  11574
                              Administration of (he Refuse Act Permit Program
  By virtue of the authority vested in me as President of
the United States, and in furtherance  of ihc purposes and
policies of section 13 of the Act of March 3, 1899, c. 425,
30 Slat. 1152 (33 U.S.C. 407), the Federal Water Pollution
Control Act, as amended (33 U.S.C. 115J ct. scq.), the Fish
and  Wildlife Coordination  Act, as amended  (16 U.S.C.
66l-666c), and the National  Environmental Policy Act of.
1969 (12  U.S.C.  4321-4347),  it is hereby  ordered as
follows:
  Section  1. Rcjn\c Act iH-rinit /»<;/;;
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       APPENDIX F




OIL POLLUTION REGULATIONS

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                                            DISCHARGE OF OIL
                         (Code of Fedeiiil Regulations, Title 18, Clmptcr V, Part 610)
Sec.
6,10.1   Definitions.
610.2   Applicability.
610.3   Discharge into navigable waters harmful.
610.4   Dischaigc into contiguous zone harmful.
610.5   Discharge prohibited.
610.G   Exception for vessel engines.
610.7   Dispcrsants.
610.8   Demonstration projects.
610.9   Notice.
   AUTHORITY: The  piovisions of tins Part 610 arc issued
under sec.  11 (b) (3) of the Federal Water Pollution Control
Act, as amended (84 Slat. 92; 33 U.S.C. 1161).

 §610.1 Definitions.
   As used in (his part,  the following terms shall have the
'meaning indicated below:
   (a) "Oil"  means oil  of  any kind or  in  any  form,
including, but not limited to, petroleum, fuel oil, sludge, oil
refuse, oil  mixed with ballast or biJgc, and oil mixed with
wastes other than dredged spoil;
   (b) "Dischaigc"  includes,  but  is  not limited  to,  any
spilling, leaking,  pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying or
dumping;
   (c) "Vessel"  means every  description  of watcrcraft or
other artificial contrivance used, or capable of being used,
as a means of transportation on water other than  a public
vessel;
   (d) "Public vessel"  means  a vessel  owned or bare-boat
chartered and operated by the United Stales, or by a State
or  political  subdivision  thereof, or by  a foreign nation,
except when such vessel is engaged in commerce;
   (e) "United States" means  the Stales, the  District of
Columbia,  the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico,  the Canal
Zone, Guam, American Samoa, the Virgin Islands, and the
Trust Tenitory of the Pacific Islands;
   (f) "Person"  includes an individual, firm, corporation,
association, and a paitncrship;
   (g) "Contiguous 7onc" menus the entire zone established
or to be established by the United Stales under article 24 of
the Convention  on the Territorial  Sea and the Contiguous
Zone;
   (h) "Onshore  facility" means any facility (including, but
not limited to motor vehicles and rolling stock) of any kind
located in, on, or under, any land  williin the United States
other t'ljn submerged l.uid;
   (i) "Oflshore  facility" means  any  facility of any  kind
located in, on, or under, any of the navigable waters of the
United Stales other than  a vessel or public vessel,
   (j) "Applicable water quality standards" means water
quality standards adopted pursuant to section 10(c)ofthc
Federal Act and State-adopted water quality standards for
waters which arc not interstate within the meaning of that
Act.
   (k)  "Federal  Act"  means  the  Federal  Water Pollution
Control Act, as amended, 33 U.S.C. 466, el scq.
   (1) "Sheen" means  an  iridescent  appearance  on the
surface of water.
   (m) "Sludge" means an aggregate of oil or oil and other
matter of any kind in any form other than dredged spoil
having a combined specific  gravily equivalent to or greater
than water.

§610.2 Applicability.
   The regulations of this part apply to the discharge of oil
rin(o or upon the  navigable waters of the United States,
adjoining shorelines  or into  or upon the waters of the
contiguous  zone,  prohibited  by  section  11 (b)  of the
Federal Act.


§610.3 Dischaige into navigable waters harmful.
   For  pin poses of  section  11 (b)  of the Federal Act,
discharges of such quantities of oil into or upon (he navigable
waters of the United  Stales or adjoining  shorelines deter-
mined to be harmful to the public health or welfare of the
United States,  at  all  times  and  locations and under  all
circumstances and conditions, except as provided in scct'.in
610.6 of this part, include discharges which:
   (a)  Violate applicable water quali'.y standards, or
   (b)  Cause a film or sheen  upon or discoloration of the
surface of  the  water  or adjoining shorelines  or cause a
sludge or emulsion to be deposited beneath  the surface of
the water or upon adjoining shorelines.


§610.4 Discharge into contiguous zone linr nfi:l.
   For  purposes of  section  11 (b)  of the Fcdcial Act,
discharge? of such quantities of oil into or "pon tlic watn«
of the contiguous  zone determined to be harmful to the
public health  or welfare of the United States,  at al!  times
and locations and  under all circumstances and  conditions,
except as  provided in section 610.6  cf  this part, include
discharges which:
   (a)  Violate applicable w.tlcr quality sf.'.iulnriU In navign-
blc wateis of the United Slater, 01
   (b) Cause a film or sheen  ;ipon or dhcolcra^o" of the
surface of  the  water  or  adjoiivng shornlir.es  or  cause a
sludge or emulsion to be deposited beneath the suiface of
the v/atcr or upon adjoining shorelines. -

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t§610.5 Discharge prohibited.
   As provided in section J J (h) (2) of the Fcdci;il Act, no
person shall discharge  or cause or permit to be discharged
into or upon  the navigable waters  of the United Stales,
adjoining  shorelines, or  into  or  upon  the waters of the
contiguous zone  any oil, in harmful  quantities  as deter-
mined in  sections 6]0.3  and 610.4 of this part, except as
the same  may be permitted in tiic contiguous zone under
Article IV of  the International Convention  for the Preven-
tion of Pollution of the Sea by  Oil, 1954, as  amended.
§610.6 Exception for vessel engines.
   For purposes  of section  11 (b)  of the Federal  Act,
discharges of oil fioin a properly functioning vessel engine
arc not deemed to be harmful; but such oil accumulated in
a vessel's bilges shall not be so exempt.
 §610.7 Dispcrsants.
   Addition of  dispersants or  emulsifiers  to  oil to  be
 discharged which would circumvent the provisions of this
 part is prohibited.
§610.8 Demonstration projects.
  Notwithstanding any  other provisions of this part, the
Secretary  of the  Interior may permit  the discharge of oil
into or upon the navigable  waters  of the United States,
adjoining  shorelines,  or into  or  upon  the waters of the
contiguous /.one, in connection  with research, demonstra-
tion projects, or studies relating  to the prevention,control,
or abatement of oil pollution,

§610.9 Notice.
  Any  person  in  charge of  any  vessel  or onshore  or
offshore facility shall, as soon as he  has knowledge of any
discharge  of oil from such vessel or  facility in violation of
section  610.5  of this part,  immediately  notify the U.S.
Coast Guard of  such  discharge in accordance  with such
procedures  as  the Secretary of Transportation may pre-
scribe.
  Dated: September 9,1970.

                                   WALTER J.H1CKEL,
                                Secretory of the Interior.

        IF.R. Doc. 70-12180; Filed, Sept. 10, 1970;
                       8:52 a.m.]

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