Summary-of
WATER QUALITY CONDITIONS
POLLUTION SOURCES
WATER QUALITY REGULATIONS
UPPER AND CENTRAL SNAKE RIVER BASINS
Idaho - Oregon
Preliminary Draft
Prepared by
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Enforcement
Division of Field Investigations - Denver Center
Denver, Colorado
June, 1971
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES iii
LIST OF TABLES v iv
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 1-1
s A. Statement of Problem 1-1
B. Objectives 1-2
C. Scope 1-2
D. Authority 1-2
E. Acknowledgements 1-3
s
CHAPTER II. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS II-l
CHAPTER III. DESCRIPTION OF AREA III-l
A. Physical Description III-l
B. Climate HI-3
C. Population & Economy III-3
D. Hydrology Ill-4
CHAPTER IV. APPLICABLE WATER QUALITY REGULATIONS IV-1
A. Water Quality Standards IV-1
Idaho IV-1
Oregon IV-6
B. The Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 IV-7
C. Water Quality Improvement Act of 1970 IV-8
CHAPTER V. WATER QUALITY CONDITIONS V-l
A. Upper Basin V-2
Present Water Quality V-2
Main Stem Snake River V-2
Tributaries V-7
Summary of Water Quality Problem Areas V-9
B. Central Basin V-10
Present Water Quality V-10
Main Stem Snake River V-10
Tributaries V-13
Summary of Water Quality Problem Areas V-15
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TABLE OF CONTENTS--Continued
CHAPTER VI. SUMMARY OF POLLUTION SOURCES . . .
A. Municipal and Industrial Waste Sources
Rexburg Service Area
Rigby Service Area
Idaho Falls Service Area
Blackfoot Service Area
Pocatello Service Area
American Falls Service Area
Burley Service Area
Twin Falls Service Area
Mountain Home Service Airca
Boise Service Area
Emmett Service Area
Ontario Service Area
B. Agricultural Sources
Irrigation Return Flows
Feedlots
C. Natural Sources
VI-1
VI-2
Vl-2
VI-14
VI-17
VI-17
VI-21
VI-29
VI-29
VI-35
VI-47
VI-47
VI-49
VI-65
VI-73
VI-73
VI-74
VI-75
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B
APPENDIX C
APPENDIX D
APPENDIX E
APPENDIX F
IDAHO WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR
INTERSTATE STREAMS
June 1967
IDAHO WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR
ALL STATE WATERS
September 1968
IDAHO IMPLEMENTATION PLAN
RIVERS AND HARBORS ACT OF 1899
EXECUTIVE ORDER 11574
OIL POLLUTION REGULATIONS
ii
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Title Follows Page
III-l Upper Snake River Basin III-l
III-2 Central Snake River Basin III-2
V-l Dissolved Oxygen Profile (Generalized) V-2
Snake River
V-2 BOD Profile (Generated) V-2
Snake River
«
V-3 Water Temperature Profile (Generalized) V-4
Snake River
V-4 Total Phosphate Profile (Generalized) V-4
Snake River
V-5 Major Water Quality Problem Areas - V-9
Upper Basin
V-6 Major Water Quality Problem Areas - V-15
Central Basin
VI-1 Location of Service Areas VI-4
iii
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LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
III-l Upper Basin Streamflow Summary III-5
III-2 Central Basin Streamflow Summary III-8
VI-1 Summary of Economic Service Areas VI-3
VI-2 Municipal Waste Sources VI-5
VI-3 Potential Industrial Waste Sources VI-12
Rexburg Service Area
VI-4 • Potential Industrial Waste Sources VI-15
Rigby Service Area
VI-5 Potential Industrial Waste Sources VI-18
Idaho Falls Service Area
VI-6 Potential Industrial Waste Sources VI-22
Blackfoot Service Area
VI-7 Potential Industrial Waste Sources VI-26
Pocatello Service Area
VI-8 Potential Industrial Waste Sources VI-30
Burley Service Area
VI-9 Potential Industrial Waste Sources VI-37
Twin Falls Service Area
VI-10 Potential Industrial Waste Sources VI-47
Boise Service Area
VI-11 Potential Industrial Waste Sources VI- 59
Ontario Service Area
iv
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CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION
A. STATEMENT OF_ PROBLEM
Water quality in the Snake River and a number of tributaries is
degraded by municipal and industrial waste discharges and agricultural pol-
lution in combination with low streamflow conditions produced by storage and
diversion of water for irrigation uses. This degradation results in the im-
pairment of water uses including municipal water supply, propagation of aquatic
life, water contact recreation and aesthetics. Dense aquatic growths, fish
kills and bacterial contamination are indicators of water quality problems
which are found at a number of locations in the Snake River Basin.
Substantial upgrading of municipal and industrial waste treatment has
been accomplished in the past few years and additional improvements are under
construction or planned. It is apparent, however, that even higher levels of
treatment will be needed for some waste sources and that control of pollution
from concentrated agricultural pollution sources such as animal feedlots will
be required if applicable water quality standards are to be met.
Water quality data are collected at a number of points in the Basin by
Federal and State agencies on a continuing and periodic basis. However, a
comprehensive basinwide evaluation of water quality has not been made since
1966. A complete inventory of pollution sources and treatment facilities is
not available. Such a water quality evaluation and inventory is needed to
assess the current status of compliance with water quality standards and other
regulations.
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1-2
B. OBJECTIVES
The major objectives of this report are to:
1. Summarize applicable water quality regulations.
2. Outline significant water quality and pollution problems.
3. Summarize available water quality data.
4. Assemble available information on known and potential pollution
sources .
5. Identify needs for additional investigations to update present
information and define the present status of compliance with
water quality regulations.
C. SCOPE
This report is a compilation of existing information on water quality
conditions and pollution sources in the Upper and Central Snake River Basin.
Emphasis is placed on the main stem Snake River between Brownlee Reservoir and
Rexburg, Idaho, a distance of 500 stream miles, and on the lower reaches of the
Boise River, Rock Creek, Portneuf River, Henry's Fork and South Fork Teton
River. This area includes all major population centers and important agricul-
tural areas along this portion of the Snake River.
A limited field reconnaissance survey of the area was made in May 1971 to
update information on major waste sources. The results of this survey were
utilized to develop a more complete waste source inventory than the current
STORET i
D. AUTHORITY
This report was prepared in partial fulfillment of a request from
the Interim Regional Coordinator, Region X, Portland, Oregon, for the Divicior:
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1-3
of Field Investigations - Denver Center to conduct investigations of pollu-
tion problems in the Snake River Basin upstream from Brownlee Dam with regard
to defining the basis for possible enforcement actions.
E. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Valuable assistance in compiling reference materials for this report
was provided by various Region X Water Quality Program staff members. Appre-
ciation is expressed to Messrs. Veirs and Worley in this regard and to Mr.
Tangarone who assisted in the field reconnaissance.
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CHAPTER II. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
1. Available data on water quality conditions in the Upper and Central
Snake River Basins are limited. With the exception of basinwide short-
term surveys conducted in 1962 and 1966, water quality data prior to
1968 are available for only a few long-term stations. Since 1968, a
Federal-State surveillance network has been developed to provide regular
collection of water quality information. This network provides data
suitable for assessing general water quality conditions and long-term
trends, but is not adequate for detailed evaluation of the water quality
impact of specific pollution sources.
2. Currently available waste source data are incomplete. Not all known
waste discharges are listed in the STORET municipal and industrial inven-
^
tories. Flow data are missing or outdated. No information is available
on specific pollutants discharged. A search of phone directories identi-
fied several hundred potential pollution sources not included in any waste
source inventory. The number of these sources actually discharging wastes
or causing pollution is unknown.
3. Implementation of the Refuse Act Permit Program and the Idaho permit
system will provide basic data for updating the STORET inventory. A follow-
up survey of potential waste sources not included in permit programs will
be needed to complete a -..'aste source inventory.
4. Federal-State water quality standards applicable to the interstate
waters of the Snake River Basin have been established pursuant to the
Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended. These standards specify
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II-2
water quality criteria and treatment requirements which must be met by
all waste sources and establish schedules for completion of necessary
waste treatment facilities. Available information is inadequate to as-
sess the current status of compliance with the standards, although it is
known that violations of water quality criteria presently occur in sev-
eral stream reaches and that not all waste sources are meeting their im-
plementation schedules.
5. Water quality problems in the Snake River Basin are primarily as-
t
sociated with population centers, especially areas where streamflows are
depleted by irrigation use. Significant water quality degradation occurs
in the South Fork Teton River and Henry's Fork near Rexburg, in the Snake
River below Idaho Falls, in the lower Portneuf River and American Falls
Reservoir at Pocatello, in Lake Milner at Burley, in Rock Creek and the
Snake River at Twin Falls, in the Boise River between Boise and the Oregon
border, and in the Snake River and Brownlee Reservoir between Oregon and
Idaho. Water quality problems are most acute in American Falls Reservoir,
Lake Milner and Brownlee Reservoir.
6. Municipal and industrial waste sources are primarily located in 12
population and economic centers known as service areas. Six of these
service areas, Idaho Falls, Pocatello, Burley, Twin Falls, Boise and
Ontario, create significant pollution problems. Waste sources in the
other six areas are generally relatively small and waler quality degrada-
tion is minor or a local pollution problem only.
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II-3
7. A number of large food processing plants providing inadequate treat-
ment are located in Idaho Falls. The city provides only primary treat-
ment. Waste loads from municipal and industrial sources degrade water
quality in the Snake River at low flow conditions. Expansion of the
•
city system to secondary treatment and connection of most industrial
waste sources are planned but are several years away. A water quality
and waste source survey is needed to provide the basis for possible en-
forcement actions if the completion of the city system is delayed.
8. Phosphate wastes from two phosphate processing plants and inadequately
treated municipal and industrial wastes from the Pocatello vicinity, in
combination with natural sources of phosphates, degrade water quality in
the lower Portneuf River and contribute to eutrophic conditions in Ameri-
can Falls Reservoir. A survey to define the sources and magnitudes of
phosphate loads discharged to American Falls Reservoir is needed to eval-
uate the need for potential enforcement actions against the phosphate in-
dustries .
9. Large organic waste loads from food processing industries in the Burley
area have been responsible for severe water quality degradation in Lake
Milner and several major fish kills. Secondary treatment facilities will
be placed in operation in Fall 1971 by all major waste sources in the Eurley
area. It is probable that these facilities will not be adequate to main-
tain suitable water quality in Lake Milner during low flow conditions. A
waste source and water quality survey of the Lake Milner area is needed
during the 1971-72 food processing season to assess the adequacy of treat-
ment facilities.
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II-4
10. Several food processing plants and a sugar refinery located on Rock
Creek and the Twin Falls primary treatment plant have caused water quality
degradation in Rock Creek and the Snake River. Expansion of the city
system to secondary treatment and connection of all industrial wastes to
the city system is planned. Such improvements would alleviate present
water quality problems. A waste source and water quality survey is needed
to provide the basis for possible enforcement actions if the completion
of the city system is delayed.
11. A large number of municipal and industrial waste sources including
several large food processing plants and a sugar refinery are located in
the Boise River Valley below Boise. In the past, these sources contri-
*
buted to severe degradation of the Boise River. Connection of most of the
major industrial waste sources to regional secondary treatment facilities
at Boise, Nampa and Caldwell has substantially reduced water quality prob-
lems but water quality standards violations persist. In addition, the
Nampa plant receives a seasonal organic waste overload from food processing
industries resulting in reduced treatment efficiencies. The Caldwell plant
is troubled by excessive infiltration during the irrigation sear.on. A
comprehensive water quality and waste source survey of the Boise Riwjr
Valley is needed to provide the basis for assessing the present status of
compliance with water quality standards and the need for enforcement actions
in this area. An assessment of the water quality impact of reduced treat-
ment efficiencies at Nampa and Caldwell is also needed. Residual pollution
from the Boise River creates interstate pollution in the Snake River be-
tween Oregon and Idaho.
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II-5
12. A number of food processing plants and a sugar refinery in the
Ontario area contribute waste loads which, in combination with residual
wastes from the Boise River, degrade water quality in the Snake River and
Bfownlee Reservoir between Oregon and Idaho. Pollution in this area is
•
interstate. A waste source and water quality survey is needed in f.bi*
area to assess the adequacy of waste treatment facilities and to define
the present status of compliance with water quality standards.
•
13. A large number of animal feedlots are concentrated in the Buriey,
Twin Falls, Boise and Ontario areas. Drainage from some of these feed-
lots is discharged to State waters in violation of the Idaho water quality
•
standards. Feedlots also contribute to eutrophic conditions and violation
of bacterial criteria. A comprehensive bacteriological investigation
during wet-weather periods is needed to assess the extent of bacterial con-
tamination from these sources.
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CHAPTER III. DESCRIPTION OF AREA
A. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
The Snake River begins in the northwest corner of Wyoming, flows through
southern Idaho where it receives minor drainage from Utah and Nevada, travels
northward to mark state boundaries between Idaho and Oregon and Idaho and
Washington, and then flows through the Palouse hills to the Columbia River in
the State of Washington. The river is over 1,000 miles long and drains an
area of nearly 108,000 square miles. As the largest tributary of the Columbia
River, the Snake River contributes one-fifth of the total discharge of the
Columbia River system, about 33 million acre-feet of water each year.
Most of the area is mountainous, but it is the lowlands of the Snake Plain
and the finger valleys like those of the Boise, Payette, and Weiser Rivers which
provide some of the world's most fertile farm areas and which are the focus of
the agricultural economy and the home of most of the population.
Of the basin's total area, 42 percent is rangeland; 24 percent is forest;
26 percent is agricultural land; and the remaining 8 percent is divided among
other uses. Land ownership of the basin is 66 percent Federal, 4 percent state
and local, and 30 percent private.
For purposes of water quality management planning, the Snake River Basin
is divided into three approximately equal sub-basins; the Upper, the Central
or Middle, and the Lower Basin. This report is concerned with water quality
in the Upper and Middle basins only.
The Upper Snake River Basin (see Figure 1II-1) drains an area of 35,857
square miles in Idaho, Wyoming, Nevada, and Utah. The Snake River is the
dominant stream traversing the subregion from east to west. From its head-
waters in Yellowstone National Park, the river flows some 500 miles, skirting
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F'.-'ure III-l. Upper Snake River Basin
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III-2
the Snake River Plain on the south before it leaves the subregion on the
west. The major tributaries are generally in the southern and eastern por-
tions of the sub-basin. A large area north of the Snake River is drained by
streamS which sink into the lava fields. The extensive aquifer benearh the
•
Snake River Plain is a distinguished hydrologic feature.
The Central Snake River Basin is the largest sub-basin in the Columbia-
North Pacific Region, containing 36,825 square miles in the states of Idaho,
Oregon, and Nevada. The largest portion of the sub-basin lies within Lh&
Snake River Plateau province. The area is bounded on the northeast by th?
Northern Rocky Mountains, on the northwest by the Blue Mountains, and on the
west and southwest by the Great Basin.
The S'nake River is the dominant stream, flowing westerly through the
basin to the Oregon border and then northward to Brownlee Dam. A major
portion of the tributary inflow in the basin is contributed by the Boise,
Payette, and Weiser Rivers in the northeast portion of the basin, while the
large semi-arid areas to the south and west of the Snake River contribute
small flows.
In both basins, agricultural areas and population centers are located
in the low-lying and narrow river valleys while range and forest lands occupy
the foothills and mountains.
Elevations in the Basin range from less than 2,000 feet above sea level
at Brownlee Dam to more than 13,000 feet in Grand Teton National Park. Through-
out much of its length, the Snake River flows on a relatively steep gradient
"broken by a number of major waterfalls. Elevations of population centers within
the study area range from 2,000 to 5,000 feet.
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Figure III-2. Central Snake River Basin
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III-3
B. CLIMATE
Climate is highly variable throughout the Upper Basin because of its
wide range in elevations. The climate is characterized by warm-to-hot, dry
summers and cold winters, during which most of the precipitation falls, fix-
•
treme temperatures recorded range from -60 to 110° F. The average growing
season on the Snake River Plain ranges from 140 to 150 days at the lower
end of the plain to about 100 days at the upper end. The average annual
precipitation ranges from 10 to 30 inches.
The climate of the Central Basin is typical of other areas east of the
Cascade Range -- hot, dry summers and cool winters during which most of the
precipitation falls.* Average annual temperatures range from 40° to bO° F,
and extreme temperatures range from -49° to 117° F. The plateau receives
only 6 to 15 inches of precipitation a year, while the mountains average as
much as 40 inches. Much of the precipitation at higher elevations is in the
form of snow, providing water to streams until June. Summer droughts are a
common characteristic, with precipitation averaging less than an inch through-
out much of the basin. The growing season ranges from 160 days in the lower
valleys to less than 60 days in the mountain valleys.
C. POPULATION AND ECONOMY
The total population of the Upper Basin is about 302,000 people. About
49 percent reside in four major population centers, Idaho Falls, Pocatello,
Burley and Twin Falls. The population density in the remainder of the area
is low -- often less than one person per square mile in large areas.
Agriculture and food-processing are the primary economic activities in
the Upper Basin. There are over two million acres of irrigated land. The
principal crops grown and processed are potatoes and sugar beets. The National
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II1-4
Reactor Testing Station is also an important economic factor. The phos-
phate industry in southeastern Idaho is the center of western phosphate
resources and oroduction. Recreation and tourism are important segments
of the economy. Grand Teton National Park, a portion of Yellowstone National
Park, Craters of the Moon National Monument, and several national forests are
significant attractions. In addition, the sub-basin also contains two of the
nation's best winter sport areas (Jackson Hole and Sun Valley).
The population of the Central Basin, which is about 270,000, is concen-
trated in the area extending from Boise into eastern Oregon. As a result,
large areas in the sub-basin are very sparsely populated.
The economy of the Central Basin is also largely based on agricultural
production and processing. The principal crops grown and processed are potatoes
and sugar beets. The processing of livestock, dairy, and poultry products is
also of importance. There is a limited amount of manufacturing in the Boise
area.
D. HYDROLOGY
The Snake River, flowing westward through the t'jper Basin, has its source
in the remote areas of Yellowstone Park and is fed by such major tributaries
as the Gros Ventre, Hoback, and Greys Rivers in Wyoming, and Henrys Fork,
Blackfoot, Portneuf, and Big Wood Rivers in Idaho. In the north-central portion
of the Basin, the Big Lost and Little Lost Rivers, Birch Creek, and several
other strfiams find no surface outlet to the Snake, but disappear in sinks in
the desert area of Buttc and Jefferson Counties.
At Heise, where the flow of the Snake River is measured above irrigation
diversions in Idaho, the average annual discharge is about 4.7 million acre-feet,
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Ill-3
Below Milner Dam, some 250 miles downstream, a residual flow averaging 1.1
million acre-feet remains after irrigation diversions and natural losses
to groundwate*- deplete the flow. Below Milner, substantial inflow -- prin-
cipally from large springs -- increases the average flow of the Snake Pxivor
•
to abojt 6.2 million acre-feet at King Hill.
The seasonal runoff pattern for most of the Upper Snake Basin is modified
by storage regulation, which outweighs natural influences in determining cbe
pattern of runoff. The flood that occurs when spring rains release and aug-
ment snowmelt, the natural foundation of flows, is captured in a network of
irrigation and flood control reservoirs and distributed through the summer.
In the fall, the continuing influence of irrigation return flows acts to main-
tain stream levels; winter streamflows are restricted severely as reservoirs
are filled and return flows diminish. Though summer flows are high at points
below impoundments, high summer flows are not an unvarying situation. Below
significant diversion points, summer flows may cease entirely at times. Mean
monthly discharge data for selected stations are summarized in Table III-l
Table III-l. Upper Basin Streamflow Summary
ncntlon Jan Ft h MarfS Apr! \ Miiv t..n. fnl>
/ ~ " os.
Snali v Rlvrr
at Mor*n. Uvomln* 460 ISO 110 200 1,4'.f> 1.700 I.OHO l.?&0 1.140 i in i m i',(. j th.>
SnuLe River
at Id thb>-Uy(ifl,ing
Scat* Line 1.810 1.4)0 1.670 1.7BO 10 040 11.200 4.26O S,rS70 S.I SO ?.|h(> {.110 I ISO ~ ;xn
Snake Rlv«*r
nea
Henry
n •
81a k,
n a
Por n
•
He 1 ftp. Idaho 2.760
Fork
Rr«t>um. Ida 1.160
oot River
UlacklauC. Ida 110
n f Rlvrr
ocatrllo. Idaho 260
2.550
1.460
tin
100
2.520
1.590
14 i
365
5.110
1.910
280
460
1 1 . 7nO
Z.6F.O
no
170
1 1 . !RO
2.110
110
170
1 2 . 1 50
97O
i,1
70
9 7?O
8)0
Vj
80
7 A7n
1 .CIM)
»-n
100
1. 170 1.4411 1. IMP
w
'l*"l /M 21 lO
If. II , i() 2hl)
1 -tl
IV.
ftk
Sna e River
Nerley. Idaho 1.790 2.150 4.04Q. 8.170 11.600 11.210 12.ton II.61O h.MO J.8W i--.li I n^n •. !1\
Snokr River
at Milner. Idaho 2.140 2.960 1.890 J.B80 1.110 210 110 110 «0 I.Oill I OK) \.ivt I v.<.
8lg Loic River
near Kack.y. Idaho 120 130 130 140 440 870 620 180 190 140 «0 mo .•>••
818 Wood River
near Coodlng. Idaho 90 160 100 WO 500 11} 80 50 80 in tun un i-n
Snalc Rtver
• : *lnj Hill. Idaho C.9:0 t^'-O 10.470 10.400 7.990 7.1:0 7.: 1C >.iU 7.400 «.aln B.4M h .i,.i >. .-n
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III-6
The Upper Snake River is an intensely regulated drainage system. There
are 25 existing structures which have storage capacities of 5,000 acre-feet
or more. Active storage amounts to about 5.1 million acre-feet. Development
has been directed largely to irrigation, and 21 of the major stotage struc-
tures are principally for this purpose.
Upstream contributions to the Central Basin consist solely of the Snake
River flow at King Hill. This inflow is primarily groundwater effluent: from
the Thousand Springs area, augmented at times by sizable, uncontrolled flood
flows.. To this inflow is added the runoff from several major tributaries,
which include the Bruneau, Boise, Owyhee, Malheur, Payette, Weiser, Powder, and
Burnt Rivers.
The average annual runoff for the present level of development is about
8,600 cfs at King Hill and 16,300 cfs at Oxbow. This indicates an increase of
7,700 cfs within the Basin.
The streamflow regimen of the Snake River and its tributaries in the Central
Basin is characterized by high flows from early spring through the first part
of the summer and low flows from late summer through the winter. This flow
regimen is typical of streams that receive a large part of their annual runoff
»
from melting snow. In general, the maximum floods for the year occur during
the snowmelt period between March and the last of June. The runoff of the
Snake River at King Hill is relatively uniform throughout the year, since about
70 percent of the average annual runoff at this point comes from a group of
springs between Milner and King Hill. Flows of practically every major tri-
butary stream are affected by storage for irrigation and by irrigation diver-
sions which reduce the summer flows and, to some extent, increase the winter
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III-7
flows through return of irrigation water. Mean monthly discharge data for
selected stations are summarized in Table III-2.
Critical low-flow conditions occur mainly in late summer and through
the winter. This is also the period of maximum industrial waste production.
Occurrence of low flows is also a function of the management regimen of the
basin's waters. Low flows are often the result of withholding water to build
up storage for irrigation or of the actual diversion to the fields of a sig-
nificant part of a stream.
There are 36 existing structures which have storage capacities of 5,000
acre-feet or more in the Central Basin. Active storage amounts to about 4.6
million acre-feet. Development has been directed largely to irrigation.
The high level of irrigation storage capacfty is accompanied by correspond-
ing diversion capacities. Considerable alteration has been imposed on the
flow pattern, with two significant effects: winter flows are diminished as
reservoirs are filled for the irrigation season, and summer flows are de-
pleted at points below irrigation diversions.
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Table III-2. Central Basin Streamflow Summary
Jan. Feb. Mar. April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Mean
'. —CFS — - -
Bruneau River
near Hot Springs. Idaho
Owyhec River
below Owyhee 0~a, Oregon
Boise River
near Boise, Idaho
Boise River
at Kocus, Id.iho
Malheur River
near Hope, Oregon
Payctte River
near Eoraeshoe Bend, Ida.
Paysetc River
near Payetee. Idaho
Welser River
near Welscr, Idaho
Snake River
at Welser, Idaho
Burnt River
near Hereford. Oregon*
Powder River
near Roblne.tte, Oregon
Snake River
at Oxbow, Oregon
140 180 280 790 1,100 850 250 100 80 80 100 120 342
8 8 200 1,200 600 200 200 200 200 40 8 8 252
400 1,300 1,000 4,200 5,800 5,200 4,700 4,200 3,200 800 300 200 2,615
950 900 1,400 2,250 1,750 1,000 350 380 460 680 700 680 960
80 340 400 600 270 30 50 20 20 20 20 50 162
1,200 1,200 1,700 4,200 7,300 7,400 3,600 3,400 2,800 1,600 1,100 1.300 3,065
1,700 1,900 2,400 4,700 6,500 6,000 1,600 1,400 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,700 2,709
650 1,?!0 2,150 2,750 2,450 1,300 300 200 150 150 250 600 1,006
13,500 15,500 19,000 23,900 21,500 18,000 10,500 10,000 11.500 12,800 12,500 12,800 15,090
20 25 73 275 155 108 89 90 60 35 15 18 82
/
250 380 650 1,100 1,390 1,270 350 -100 100 150 200 220 512
19,500 20,000 22,000 26,500 19,000 17,000 7,300 9.500 12.000 13.400 14,000 16,000 16,277
H
l-l
H
00
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CHAPTER IV. APPLICABLE WATER QUALITY REGULATIONS
The Snake River is an interstate stream. Water quality must meet Federal-
State water quality standards established in accordance with the Federal Watti
•
Pollution Control Act as amended by the-Water Quality Act of 1965 (33 U.S.C.
466 et seq.). The Snake River is also a navigable stream. Discharges of in-
dustrial wastes to navigable waters must comply with the requirements of the
Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401-413).* The Water Quality Improve-
ment Act of 1970 (33 U.S.C. 466 h-1) establishes regulations on discharges of
oil to navigable waters.
A. WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
The reaches of the Snake River and its major tributaries considered in this
report are located in either Idaho or Oregon. The water quality standards es-
tablished by these states are thus of interest.
Idaho
Water quality standards for the interstate waters of Idaho were established
in June, 1967, by the Idaho State Board of Health, in accordance with the pro-
visions of the Water Quality Act of 1965. These standards were subsequently
•
approved as Federal standards by the Secretary of the Interior on August 7, 1967,
In August, 1968, the State Board of Health established additional rules and re-
gulations for all waters of the state including interstate waters and establish-
ing water quality standards for *ll intr?s«-qte waters.
The approved Federal standards consist of three components: (1) a designa-
tion of water uses to be protected for each interstate stream reach, (2) water
quality criteria which specify limits on various water quality parameters, and
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IV-2
(3) an implementation plan which sets forth enforcement and surveillance pro-
cedures and a schedule for completion of necessary pollution control facilities
at all sources of pollution.
Water uses which are to be protected in the Snake River in Idaho include
domestic and industrial water supply, irrigation, livestock watering, salmonid
fish rearing, other fishing and aquatic life, hunting and wildlife, swimming
and aesthetic qualities. In addition, the Snake River is to be protected for
salmonid fish spawning from the Wyoming border to American Falls Reservoir,and
water skiing and pleasure boating are to be protected in all reservoirs.
The 1967 standards established general water quality criteria which are ap-
plicable to all interstate streams and specific water quality criteria which are
applicable to named stream reaches including the Snake River and Henry's Fork
in the area considered by this report. The 1968 standards extended the general
criteria to all State waters and established specific criteria for additional
waters including all tributary waters of interest in the study area. The 1967
and 1968 standards are reproduced in Appendices A and B respectively. Excerpts
from these standards of special interest are discussed below.
A significant requirement contained in the initial standards specifies
that the best practicable treatment and control will be required for all wasti2
sources. The exact requirement is as follows:
"It shall be the policy of the State Board of Health that, notwithstanding
the water quality standards contained herein, where a higher standard can be
achieved, the highest and best practicable treatment and/or control of wastes,
activities and flows shall be provided so as to maintain dissolved oxygen at I'he
highest desirable levels and overall water quality as good as possible, and water
tempei aluires, coliform bacteria concentrations, dissolved chemical
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IV-3
"toxic materials, radioactivity, turbidities, color, odor and other deleterious
factors at the lowest desirable levels. Such policy to apply not only to exist-
ing waste sources but to future waste sources as they may develop and for such
other interstate streams not listed herein."
The 1968 standards further defined" treatment requirements.
"For the purposes of these regulations, minimum adequate treatment Cor
domestic sewage or industrial wastes containing significant organic materirl
•
shall be equal to that which is commonly known as secondary treatment or th«;
equivalent of 85 percent removal of the biochemical oxygen demand including
•
adequate disinfection of any wastes which may contain organisms that may pro-
duce disease in man or animals. In industrial processes, in-plant process con-
trols or alterations, carried out for the primary purpose of waste reduction,
shall be considered as a part of the treatment process. Exceptions to second-
ary treatment requirements may be made by the Department of Health when it can
be demonstrated that such exceptions will not adversely effect classified water
quality and will offer adequate protection for all beneficial uses. Failure
to provide adequate treatment shall be considered a violation of these regula-
tions."
In addition to requiring a minimum of 85 percent BOD removal, the standards
7
require that a treatment facility "shall at all times operate . . . with the
highest efficiency that can reasonably be expected. . . ".
Idaho has thus established relatively stringent waste treatment require-
ments. As discussed In Chap Leu VI, however, many waste sources do not presently
meet these requirements, either because the necessary control facilities have
not been completed or existing facilities are overloaded or improperly operated.
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IV-4
In view of the large number of animal feedlots present in the Snake River
Basin, the following regulation established in 1968 is of interest. Numerous
violations of this regulation have been observed.
"It shall be a violation of these regulations to store, dispose of, or
allow to accumulate any deleterious material adjacent to or in the immediate
vicinity of any portions of the waters of the State in such a manner that such
material will or is likely to enter the stream at times of high water or runoff
or where drainage from such materials or accidental failure of storage facilities
may transport or allow deleterious material into the water course. Such materials
shall include, but not be limited to, trash, rubbish, garbage, oil, gasoline,
chemicals, sawdust and accumulations of manure."
Excessive aquatic growths are present during summer in much of the Snake
River and its major tributaries. The general water quality criteria applicable
to all waters provide that State waters shall not contain "excess nutrients of
other than natural origin that cause visible slime growths or other nuisance
aquatic growths". A number of waste sources discussed in Chapter VI may be in
violation of this criterion.
A stringent limit on phosphorus and nitrogen compounds was established by
the 1968 standards for lakes or reservoirs used primarily for recreation,
drinking water supplies, fish and wildlife propagation and/or aesthetic purposes.
The regulation provides that "no wastes shall be discharged and no activity shall
be conducted which alone or in combination with other wastes will cause in these
waters measurable concentration of phosphorus or nitrogen compounds above those
of natural origin." If applicable to American Falls Reservoir, this regulation
is being violated by phosphate industries at Pocatello on the Portneuf River.
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IV-5
Two specific water quality criteria of interest are applicable to all
waters in the study area.
"No wastes shall he discharged and no activities shall be conducted which
either alone or in combination with other wastes or activities will cause in
these waters:
A. Organisms of the Coliform Group where Associated with Fecal Sources
(MPN, equivalent MF or appropriate test using a representative number
of samples.) Average concentrations of coliform bacteria to exceed
1,000 per 100 milliliters, with 20 percent of samples not to exceed
2,400 per 100 milliliters.
B . Dissolved Oxygen (DO)
DO to be less than 75 percent of saturation at seasonal low or less
than 100 percent saturation in spawning areas during spawning, hatching,
and fry stages of salmonid fishes.
Exception; Five parts per million at Milner Dam based on a minimum
stream flow of 600 cubic feet per second at this point."
The 1968 standards established more stringent bacterial limits for lakes
and reservoirs. The average and upper limit concentrations were reduced from
1,000 to 240 per 100 ml and from 2,400 to 1,000 per 100 ml, respectively. Cor-
responding fecal coliform limits of 50 and 200 per 100 ml were also established.
Available water quality data indicate frequent violation of the bacterial
limits in popvlous areas and/or areas receiving agricultural drainage. Froir. the
data, no distinction can be made between human and animal sources ot" bacterial
contamination. Available data are inadequate to assess the extent of violations
of the more stringent lake and reservoir criteria.
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IV-6
The dissolved oxygen limits have been frequently violated in the past in
certain areas such as Lake Milner and Brownlee Reservoir, during low flow
periods. Although improved treatment facilities have reduced the frequency
of such violations, such violations still persist.
The implementation plan established by the 1967 standards contained a
schedule for completion of necessary treatment facilities by each waste source
not providing adequate treatment. In general, the implementation plan provided
for completion by 1970 of minimum treatment facilities requi • d to meet the
water quality standards and for subsequent upgrading of all facilities to
secondary treatment by various dates ranging from 1969 to late 1973. The ap-
proved implementation schedule is reproduced in Appendix C. The present status
of compliance with this schedule is unknown, although a number of sources are
known to have completed treatment facilities or have them under construction
in accordance with the schedule. Other sources would appear to be substantially
behind schedule.
Oregon
Water quality standards for the Snake River between Oregon and Idaho were
established in 1967 by the Oregon State Department of Environmental Quality
and subsequently approved as Federal standards by the Secretary of the Interior
under the provision? of the Water Quality Act of 1965. The Oregon standards
contain general and specific water quality criteria essentially tbe same PS the
Idaho criteria established for these waters. The Oregon standards also require
"best practicable treatment" for all waste sources. Due to the comparability
of standards, specific details of the Oregon standards are not included here.
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IV-7
B. THE RIVERS AND HARBORS ACT OF 1899
The Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 prohibits the discharge of industrial
wastes to navigable waters without a permit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
Section 407 of the Act, referred to as the Refuse Act of 1899, makes it unlawful
to discharge from any "... manufacturing establishment, or mill of any kind,
any refuse matter of any kind or description whatever other than that flowing
from streets and sewers and passing therefrom in a liquid state, into any
navigable water of the United States, or into any tributary of any navigable
water from which the same shall float or be washed into such navigable water..."
provided that a discharge may be permitted under certain conditions specified
by the Corps of Engineers.
Executive Order No. 11574, signed by President Nixon on December 23, 1970,
tightens enforcement of the Refuse Act of 1899 by requiring that all sources
of industrial wastes discharging to navigable waters or their tributaries must
apply to the Corps of Engineers by July 1, 1971, for permits to continue such
discharges. EPA and the Corps of Engineers have placed in operation a major
joint program to process and review applications for permits. Each industrial
waste source is also required to have a certification from the appropriate stale
pollution control agency that the waste discharge will not violate water quality
standards.
Oregon currently has in operation a permit system which requires all sources
of municipal and industrial wastes to have a permit to discharge. Idaho is in
the process of setting up a permit system. All waste sources of interest in the
study area will thus be required in the near future to obtain both a State dis-
charge permit and 3 Federal permit under provisions of the Refuse Act. These
s will provide the basic information from which a complete r.unicipal and
-------
IV-8
industrial waste inventory can be compiled.
The Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 and Executive Order No. 11574 are re
produced in Appendices D and E, respectively.
C. WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT ACT OF 1970
Federal rules regulating the discharge of oil to navigable waters were
tablished on September 11, 1970, pursuant to the provisions of Section
ll(b)(3) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended by the Water
Quality Improvement Act of 1970. These rules prohibit discharges of oil to
t
navigable waters from any source which:
"(a) Violate applicable water quality standards, or
(b) Cause a film or sheen upon or discoloration of the surface of the
water or adjoining shorelines or cause a sludge or emulsion to be
deposited beneath the surface of the water or upon adjoining shore
lines".
The complete set of rules is reproduced in Appendix F.
-------
CHAPTER V. WATER QUALITY CONDITIONS
Available water quality data for the Central and Upper Snake River
Basins are limited. With the exception of a few long-terra stations in the
Ontario, Oregon - Weiser, Idaho area, water quality data prior to 1968 are
practically non-existent. A survey conducted in November-December, 1962 by
the Public Health Service, and a second survey in August, 1966, conducted
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Administra-
tion, provided the only comprehensive water quality information on the Basin.
Since early 1968, routine water quality monitoring has been initiated at
a number of key locations by the Idaho and Oregon State agencies, and by the
Federal Water Quality Administration, which has largely been taken over by the
Geological Survey under contract to EPA. With the exception of continuous
monitoring during critical seasons at Lake Milner, water quality data are
obtained on a periodic basis, primarily on a monthly frequency. Such a
sampling frequency and density is useful for defining general water quality
conditions and long-term trends but is not adequate to fully evaluate specific
pollution problems.
From the available data, general water quality conditions in the Basin
have been evaluated as discussed below. The data are not adequate, however,
to define any significant: long-term enhancement or degradation of quality. A
more intensive water quality survey during the fall low-flow period is needed
to fully define th-e present status of water quality.
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V-2
A. UPPER BASIN
Present Water Quality
Streams of the Upper Basin generally exhibit high quality in their upper
reaches, which progressively decreases as various uses are made of t.he water,
Water quality degradation is most significant in the lower main-stem Snaks
River and in the lower reaches of the Henry's Fork, Blackfoot River, Portnsu/
•
River and Rock Creek. Water quality problems include excessive production of
aquatic growths, depressed dissolved oxygen levels, high bacterial concentra-
tions and high sediment and dissolved solids concentrations.
•
Main Stem Snake River — Depressed dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations are
one good indicator of polluted areas in the Basin, since a major pollutant is
oxygen-demanding materials. DO concentrations of the Upper Snake are usually
found to be near the saturation level. However, the DO levels are depressed
at two points within the subregion. These depressions are evident in the
generalized DO profile of the Snake River shown in Figure V-l. In summer, the
oxygen level of the wa^er behind American Falls Dam drops several milligrams
per liter (mg/1) below that of the water entering the reservoir. During 1967,
diurnal fluctuations in the dissolved oxygen concentration, caused by the
photosynthetic and respirational cycle of algae, resulted in the depression
of dissolved oxygen to the point that a fish kill occurred. In winter, flow
out of Milner Reservoir drops to a minimum level, ice cover inhibits reaeration
for several months; and, with large amounts of organic wastes entering the re-
servoir, anaerobic conditions and frequent fish kills have resulted.
-------
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FIGURE v-2. BOD Profile (Generalized), Snake River
-------
V-3
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), a measure of the oxygen-utilizing po-
tential of organic materials present in water, is also a good indicator of
pollution. Stream reaches receiving large organic waste loads exhibit sig-
nificantly increased BOD, as shown in Figure V-2.
A significant difference can be noted between the winter and summer
responses of the river to imposed waste loads. In winter, BOD fluctuates
in direct response to waste loadings. Background levels below one mg/1 rise
sharply as Idaho Falls waste loads enter the river. From Idaho Falls to
American Falls Reservoir, the rate of waste stabilization exceeds the rate
at which degradable materials enter the stream; and in the reservoir, BOD
recedes to background levels. In Milner Reservoir, the wastes of the Burley
area create a seo'ond peak. Biodegradation and dilution by groundwater in the
Thousand Springs area again reduce BOD to background levels.
In summer, observed BOD is significantly higher throughout the Upper Snake
Basin than in winter. This increase occurs even though imposed waste loads are
substantially lower than in winter in the Idaho Falls and Lake Milner areas.
Stream flows are also higher than in winter. Apparently, the increased BOD
levels are the result of the extensive aquatic growths present during the
summer. Observed DO levels support this supposition. In contrast to winter
conditions when DO levels are depressed in stream reaches with high BOD, DO
levels during the summer frequently exceed saturation in areas of high BOD.
Bacterial concentrations of the Snake River are highly variable. Coliforn
densities below population centers are high enough that the water is considered
unsuitable for water-contact recreation (greater than 1,000 MPN/100). Very high
bacterial concentrations are found in the Burley and Idaho Falls areas. Discharges
-------
V-4
of sanitary sewage are unquestionably responsible in some measure for high
bacterial concentration throughout most of the Upper Snake; and such sources
can be, and have been, reduced by more efficient disinfection. Bacterial
concentrations in the Upper Snake derive in great part, however, from the
large animal populations and from soil bacteria of the heavily irrigated
agricultural areas. A bacteriological survey to evaluate fecal coliform
and fecal streptococci concentrations is needed to better define the source
of this contamination so that controls may be initiated.
A generalized temperature profile for extreme winter and summer months
under existing conditions for the Snake River is presented in Figure V-3.
Winter temperatures are generally close to freezing except in areas where
flow is derived largely from ground water. Reservoirs in the Upper Snake
freeze over annually, and modest icing occurs at other ponded locations. Near
the headwaters, flows derived from snowmelt remain below 60° F during the summer,
Downstream warming results from exposure to solar radiation and is accelerated
by the effects of some impoundments, streamflow depletion, and irrigation
return flows. At King Hill, temperacures are moderate throughout the year,
reflecting the fact that most of the flow is derived from the Thousand Springs
area.
Sediment and suspended organic material result in turbid conditions at many
points in the Basin. During periods of high runoff, sediment concentrations
reach objectionable levels throughout the area. Suspended organic matter is
often found in heavy concentrations below food-processing sites, although this
problem is abating as improved waste treatment facilities are completed.
-------
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FIGURE y-3; Water Temperature Profile (Generalized), Snake River
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FIGURE v-4. Total Phosphate Profile (General ized) , Snake- River
-------
V-5
The headwaters of the Upper Snake River are relatively low in mineral
content (100 mg/1 dissolved solids or less) and are characterized as calcium
bicarbonate waters. However, dissolved solids and sodium content show marked
increases downstream as a result of irrigation use. Samples collected during
a low-flow period in 1965 in the reach from the Idaho-Wyoming border to Buhl,
Idaho, showed a progressive increase in both dissolved solids concentration
and sodiumradsorption ratio (SAR). Dissolved solids increased from about
175 to more than 400 mg/1, and SAR increased from 0.2 to 1.5 mg/1. Below
Buhl, the dissolved solids concentration dropped to 340 mg/1 because of dilu-
tion by spring inflow. Although pickup of salts from the alluvial materials
in the area contributes somewhat to the downstream increase in mineral content,
pickup of salts by irrigation return flow, coupled with the concentrating effects
of consumptive use for irrigation, are the primary contributors. The water is
still satisfactory for irrigation of crops; however, in some areas treatment
is required before the water can be used as a municipal or industrial water
supply.
Concentrations of the two major nutrients, nitrogen and phosphorus, run
high throughout much of the Snake River. Figure V-4 presents a generalized
total phosphate concentration profile for the Snake River. High phosphate con-
centrations are evident at all points in the Upper Snake River. Phosphate con-
above Idaho Falls,
centrations rise steadily/ then nearly triple at the head of American Falls
P.eservoir as Lite result of large phosphate loads carried by the Blackfoot anc1
Portneuf Rivers. Much of the phosphate load is contributed by Pocatello's
phosphate processing industries. Continuing to rise rapidly througn the se-
quence of reservoirs -- American Falls, Lake Walcott, and Milner -- phosphate
-------
V-6
concentrations suggest the influence of groundwater inflows that pass through
natural phosphate deposits and possibly of irrigation return flows, municipal
wastes, and buildup of populations of aquatic biota as well. In the Thousand
Springs area, phosphates are diluted significantly although concentrations
sustain levels well above those prevailing upstream from American Falls
Reservoir.
There is a progressive rise in nitrates in the Upper Basin that is most
marked in the Thousand Springs and American Falls areas, which suggests that
groundwater inflow may be the major influence determining nitrate concentra-
tions. Concentrations recede below Thousand Springs. Winter levels materially
exceed those encountered in summer. The lower production of algae and other
plants under winter conditions restricts biologic uptake of nitrates, while
nitrates contained in food processing may add in some degree to concentrations.
Throughout its course of passage in the Upper Snake Subregion, the Snake
River supports luxuriant growths of vegetable matter. Thick blooms of algae
make the water a characteristic opaque green. Floating rafts of tangled water
weeds are prevalent on the surface of the Snake and form clinging slimes where
they adhere to rocks and banks. At times the growths of algae and water weeds
form a complete cover over ponded water and clog irrigation canals.
Very little information is available on pesticide concentrations in the
Basin. During the 1966 vater quality survey previously discussed, the FHl'CA
found lelhal pesticide levels in dead fish below American Falls Reservoir. In
view of the large agricultural areas which drain to the Snake River, an evalua-
tion cf pesticide levels is needed.
-------
V-7
In general, the quality of the Upper Snake River deteriorates progres-
sively as it flows through the Subregion and is subjected to intensive use.
Due to a number of factors, however, this degradation exerts only a limited
•
influence on water quality in the Middle Basin downstream. A major portion
of the Upper Basin water supply is consumptively used for irrigation and ether
purposes. Although the concentrations of a number of constituents such as
phosphates exceed desirable limits, the flow carried' by the Snake River rear
the downstream portion of the Basin is relatively small, averaging about
1,500 cubic feet per second (cfs) at Milner Dam. High quality groundwater
inflows in the Thousand Springs area increase the average streamflow leaving
•
the Upper Basin to about 8,600 cfs. The spring flows, in essence, create a
new river of excellent quality. Water quality problems in the Upper Basin can
thus be considered essentially intrastate problems.
Tributaries -- Dissolved oxygen tends to be high in tributaries. Even Rock
Creek, a small stream that receives industrial wastes from Twin Falls, main-
tains good dissolved oxygen levels. Main Drain and Aberdeen Drain, irrigation
return streams, provide exceptions to the generally high dissolved oxygen pat-
tern of the subregion. Even at the height of the irrigation season, oxygen
}
levels in the drains are low in places; and in winter when a large portion of
the flows is food-processing wastes, oxygen contents are often totally depleted,
Bacterial quality in tributaries is highly variable. In general, however,
coliform densities below population centers are high enough that the water is
considered unsuitable for water-contact recreation. Very high bacterial counts
have been recorded in Rock Creek, Aberdeen Drain, and Main Drain.
-------
V-8
Sediment and suspended organic materials result in turbid conditions in
many tributaries. During periods of high runoff, sediment concentrations
reach objectionable levels throughout the area. Inorganic materials are
visible in the waters of the Fortneuf River below the J. R. Simplot phosphate
processing plant near Pocatello and result in thick, unsightly bank and bottom
deposits. Irrigation returns are a summer source of localized turbidity.
Silt, vegetable matter, and colloidal materials of soil or vegetable origin
are often visible floating or in sr-spension in waters flowing through agri-
cultural areas.
The major tributaries entering the Snake River from the north contain
waters of the calcium-magnesium bicarbonate type, with smaller amounts of
sodium, chloride, and sulfate. Their dissolved solids concentrations range
from less than 100 to slightly more than 300 mg/1 and average less than 250 nv§/l.
Tributaries entering the Snake River from the south are usually more mineral-
ized and have larger percentages of sodium, chloride, and sulfate.
Concentrations of basic nutrients, nitrogen and phosphorus, are high in
several tributaries. The Portneuf and Blackfoot Rivers consistently discharge
k
heavy phosphate loadings to the Snake River. The largest increment of Snake
River phosphate loading occurs with the entry of the Portneuf River, which
carries the wastes of phosphate reduction processing plants. At least 35,000
pounds per day of phosphates enter American Falls Reservoir from the Portneuf.
This amount, provides the greatest share of more titan ''sOjGOO pounds per day that
are carried by the Snake River. The Blackfoot Reservoir, near the head of
Blackfoot River, is situated on top of a seam of phosphate-bearing earths.
This has resulted in significant phosphate concentrations in the Blackfoot River.
-------
V-9
Heavy aquatic growths are also present in these streams as a result of the
high nutrient contents. Problems of nuisance aquatic growths occur in many
other tributaries in the Upper Snake Basin, but are generally localized in
extent.
Summary of Water Quality Problem Areas
Water quality problem areas are summarized graphically in Figure V-5.
These problem areas are primarily associated with the Idaho Falls, Pocatello,
Burley, and Twin Falls population Centers.
A combination of inadequately treated municipal and industrial wastes
from the Burley area and reduced stream flows during winter months has pro-
duced severe water quality degradation in Lake Milner, resulting in three
major fish kills. Dissolved oxygen during the fish kills was depressed to
almost anaerobic conditions. Most industrial waste sources in the Burley area
are constructing secondary treatment facilities which are scheduled to be
operational by Fall, 1971. This level of treatment may not be adequate, however,
to maintain suitable water quality in Lake Milner.
American Falls Reservoir suffers from excessive aquatic growths, dissolved
oxygen depressions, and high pesticide levels. Quality problems are caused by
residual waste loads from upstream sources, phosphate-processing wastes from
the Pocatello area, and agricultural waste water from the area immediately ad-
jacent to the reservoir. Excessive nutrient concentrations promote nuisance-
level algal growth within the reservoir. Impairment of reservoir use for rec-
reation and fishery purposes has occurred.
Water quality problems occur in the Snake River below Idaho Falls and in
the South Fork Teton River where low Hissolved oxygen and high b?cterial densities
-------
ALGAE: AQUATIC
SLIME
LDWpH. PHOSPHATES
Figure V-5. Major Water Quality Problem Areas - Upper Basin
-------
V-10
result from a combination of municipal and industrial waste discharges and
streamflow depletions caused by irrigation diversions.
Aberdeen Drain, Main Drain, and Rock Creek suffer from low dissolved
oxygen levels, high bacterial densities, and nuisance aesthetic conditions,
•
Each of these small waterways receives .large quantities of inadequately treated
municipal and industrial wastes and agricultural waste waters.
The Portneuf River is characterized by low pH levels, high phosphate con-
centrations, sludge beds, and high bacterial counts." These problems result
from inadequately treated domestic wastes, phosphate processing plant wastes,
and land drainage.
The Blackfoot Reservoir, located on the top of a seam of phosphate-bearing
•
earths, is fouled with algae. Downstream, the river is characterized by a thick
silt bottom that is choked with growths of grasses and water weeds.
B. CENTRAL BASIN
Present Water Quality
Water quality conditions in the Central Snake Basin follow a pattern simi-
lar to the conditions present in the Upper Basin: high quality in upper stream
reaches with progressive degradation below areas of intensive water use. The
most serious water quality problems occur in the Boise River below Boise, Idaho,
and in 'the Snake River between Idaho and Oregon below the mouth of the Boise
River.
Main Stem Snake River -- As the Snake River enters the Central Snake Basin,
groundwater inflows in the Thousand Springs area create, in essence, a new
river of excellent quality. A progressive deterioration in water quality occurs
as the Snake flows through the Basin, particularly in the reach of the stream
below the mouth of the Boise River.
-------
V-il
Brownlee Reservoir, located on the downstream edge of the Central Basin,
produces substantial enhancement of water quality through assimilation of
upstreafii pollution loads. Water quality leaving the Central Basin is thus
•
significantly improved over conditions above Brownlee Reservoir.
DO
A generalized/profile for the Snake River is shown in Figure V-l.
DO concentrations of the Central Snake are usually found to be near the satura-
tion level. However, a persistent oxygen depression occurs in Brownlee Reser-
voir. Surface DO levels in the reservoir are consistently four or five mg/1
under the levels found immediately upstream. During late summer the deeper
portions of the reservoir are frequently devoid of oxygen.
As shown by Figure V-2, BOD in the Central Snake River varies significantly
from summer to winter. In winter, BOD directly reflects the effects of imposed
organic waste loads. Background levels around one mg/1 rise sharply as the
result of food processing and other waste loads in the Boise, Idaho, and Ontario,
Oregon, areas. Between Ontario, Oregon, and Brownlee Reservoir, BOD declines
since the rate of waste stabilization exceeds the rate at which oxygen-demanding
materials enter the stream. Further stabilization occurs in Brownlee Reservoir.
Summer BOD levels are substantially higher in much of the Snake River. As
in the Upper Snake Basin, this is apparently the result of extensive aquatic
growths.
Bacterial concentrations in the Central Snake River are highly variable
with levels exceeding acceptable limits for water-oriented recreation frequently
occurring below agricultural areas and/or population centers. Very high bac-
terial concentrations are found in the Snake River below the mouth of Boise River,
Runoff from animal fccJlocs may be largely responsible for Lhis contamination.
-------
V-12
A comprehensive bacteriological survey is needed to define the sources of bac-
terial pollution.
Water temperatures in much of the Snake River in this Basin are influenced
by the Thousand Springs' inflow as shown in Figure V-3. Near the upper end of
the Basin, stream temperatures are moderated by the spring flows. In winter,
cooling results as the warmer, spring-fed waters pass through the Basin. In
summer, significant temperature increases occur, since flov* depletions due to
storage and diversions and the surface return of irrigation waters warmed on
fields act together to raise prevailing temperatures. During June and July
the average monthly water temperature at King Hill is between 65° and 66 F.
The average monthly water temperature is increased to over 70° F at Weiser,
and daily maximum temperatures of 75 to 76° F are commonly recorded. Brownlee
Reservoir moderates temperatures leaving the Basin, releasing cooler waters than
reservoir inflows in summer and warmer waters in winter.
Sediment and suspended organic material result in turbid conditions at many
points. During periods of high runoff, sediment concentrations reach objection-
able levels throughout the area. Suspended organic matter is often found in
heavy concentrations below food processing plants, although this problem is
receding as waste treatment advances.
The average dissolved solids concentration as the Snake River enters the
subregion is about 340 mg/1. The dissolved solids level of the Snake charges
very little, e^en though the highly mineralized waters of t*ie Malheur and Owyh.ce
Rivers may exceed a concentration of 1,000 mg/1.
Figure V-4 shows a generalized total phosphate profile for the Snake River,
In the Thousand Springs area, phosphate concentrations decline dus to tht effect
-------
V-13
of dilution from groandwater inflow. However, concentrations are still con-
siderably above 0.03 mg/1, often considered to be the threshold level for
nuisance algal production. Tributary inflows of the Owyhee, Malheur, and
Boise Rivers cause an increase in the level of phosphate concentrations.
The deep pool environment of Brownlee Reservoir results in sequestration of
phosphates, probably through the settling of dead aquatic growths that incar-
nate phosphorus. The result is that the Snake River below Brownlee carries
much lighter loads of phosphates than it does within the reservoir.
High nitrate concentrations are evident at most points in the Central
Snake River. There is a marked rise in the Thousand Springs area to concen-
trations above 1.0 mg/1, suggesting that groundwater inflows may be the major
influence determining nitrate concentrations. Concentrations recede below
Thousand Springs to about 0.5 mg/1 at Brownlee Dam. Winter levels materially
exceed those encountered in summer. No explanation is available, although it
may be said that lower production of algae and other plants under winter
climatic conditions restricts biological uptake of nitrates, while nitrates
contained in wastes of food processing may add in some degree to concentrations.
As in the Upper Basin, the high nutrient concentrations support heavy
aquatic growths throughout the Central Snake River. These growths are respon-
sible for nuisance conditions in a number of areas.
Tributaries -- Water quality in tributaries of the Central Snake Basin is highly
variable. The mountain streams (Payette and Weiser) tend to be clear and cool
with h5.gh chemical quality. The Bruneau, Owyhee, Malheur, and other triburaries
that flow through the immense plateau south and west of the Snake are usually
-------
V-14
warm and are high in sediment and dissolved solids. The Boise River is cf
excellent quality in its headwater areas, but various waste sources signifi-
cantly ^degrade the quality in the lower reaches.
Dissolved oxygen levels tend to be'high in tributaries. Even IndLar. Crrck,
a small stream that receives the wastes from Nampa, Idaho, maintains good dis-
solved oxygen levels. However, dissolved oxygen deficiencies have occurred
»
in sections of the Boise River where, seasonally, waste discharges constitute
the major portion of the floxv.
•
Bacterial quality in tributaries is highly variable, with high concentra-
tions frequently occurring below population centers. As on the Snake River3
animal was.tes may be largely responsible for such contamination. The Boise
River and Indian Creek, a tributary of the Boise River, have exhibited ex-
cessive bacterial levels.
As elsewhere in the Basin, sediment and suspended organic materials result
in turbid conditions at many locations, with objectionable levels occurring
during periods of high runoff. Sludge deposits produced by the settling out
of organic materials from food processing have been a problem in the past in
the Boise River.
?
The natural chemical quality of the tributaries reflects the variation in
climate. In the headwaters of the Boise, Payette, and Weiser Rivers, where pre-
cipitation averages about 40 inches, the waters are a dilute (less than 100 mg/1
dissolved solids) cal ciur.i-m.ignesium bicarbonate type. The othor stre.^:..G drain-
ing this Basin (Bruneau, Owyhee, Malheur, and Powder Rivers) are typical of most
semiarid areas of the Snake River. They contain fairly dilute (100 to 200 mg/1
dissolved solids) bicarbonate type waters in their upper reaches. The amounts
-------
V-15
of calcium and sodium vary, with calcium usually predominating during the
high flow periods. During most of the year, however, sodium is the pre-
dominant cation. Most of the streams show dramatic changes in mineral qual-
ity as a result of irrigation return flows. The dissolved solids concentra-
tion can increase tenfold or more, and the chemical composition is altered.
The Owyhee, Boise, and Malheur Rivers show the greatest change.
Summary of_ Water Quality Problem Af-'eas
Water quality problem areas are summarized graphically in Figure V-6.
These areas are primarily located between Boise, Idaho, and Brownlee Dam.
The lower Boise River has repeatedly become polluted under circumstances
that included deficient streamflow. Efficient waste treatment is generally
practiced by the municipalities and industries in this reach, but diversions
for irrigation and flow interruptions connected with the operation of Lucky
Peak Dam have had undesirable consequences on downstream water quality. Also,
agricultural drainages from cattle feedlots and irrigation return flows have
contributed to increased stream temperatures, turbidity, bacterial contamina-
tion, and heavy algal growths in the lower Boise River.
The Snake River between the mouth of the Boise River and Brownlee Reser-
voir is characterized by settling and floating solids from the discharge of
municipal and industrial wastes. These conditions have tended to form offen-
sive and use-inhibiting nuisances. Bacterial ooiicamination has also been evi-
dent in this reach.
Brownlee Reservoir serves as a trap for residual pollution loads and sedi-
ments from the lower Central Snake Basin. As a result, the reservoir has a
-------
MUNICIPAL 8 INDUSTRIAL WASTES
ALGAE.
LOW DO,
EXCESSIVE
SOLIDS
COLIFORM
3ACTERIA,
--XCESSIVE
'SOLIDS
LIFORM BACTERIA. TURBIDITY.
EXCESSIVE SOLIDS
OfttCOH /
NEVADA "^--v"" ~l~
HIGH SUMMER,
TEMPERATURES,
EXCESSIVE
SOLIDS,
ALGAE
4
Figure V-6. Major Water Quality Problem Areas - Central Basin
-------
V-16
constant oxygen deficiency of four to five mg/1. Lush growths of algae mark
the pool during much of the year, and anaerobic decomposition of organic ma-
terial that has settled to the bottom of the pool produces noxious odors when
reservoir turnover occurs.
The Owyhee and Malheur Rivers have naturally low water quality, and in-
tensive irrigation use degrades them further. These streams are seasonally
warm, high in sediment and dissolved solids, and burdened with heavy aquatic
growths.
-------
CHAPTER VI. SUMMARY OF POLLUTION SOURCES
With the exception of excessive nutrient concentrations and sediment
loads which are partially attributable to natural sources of pollution,
the major water quality problems in the Snake River are the result of
various man-made sources of pollution in combination with man's manipula-
tion of stream flows. Due to the relatively low population density, domes-
tic wastes alone are not a significant source of pollution where adequate
treatment is provided. In a number of cases, however, municipal waste facilities
treat large industrial waste loads and discharge major pollution loads.
Industrial waste sources, of which food processing plants and sugar re-
fineries are the most important, discharge large organic waste loads with
r
inadequate treatment inmost cases. Return flows from large irrigated areas
and drainage from numerous animal feedlots are significant sources of agri-
cultural pollution.
Available data on pollution sources were compiled from three basic types
of information. Most municipal and industrial waste sources listed in the
current STORET inventories were visited during the field reconnaissance and
some updating of source data was obtained. A thorough review of phore direc-
tories for all the major population centers was utilized to produce an ex-
panded inventory of potential industrial waste sources including some feedlots.
A few of these sources were visited and actual waste discharges verified.
Water qxiality management planning reports provided information on other types
of pollution sources.
There are a number of distinct population centers in the Snake River Casin
whim are created by either proximity of communities and/or economic ties of
-------
VI-2
industries. There are twelve such areas, called service areas, which have
been designated within the area covered by this report. For simplicity, pol-
lution sources will be discussed by service area. Service area descriptions
are summarized in Table VI-1. Locations are shown in Figure VI-1.
A. MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE SOURCES
Rexburg Service Area
This service area is located at the upstream limit of the study area
covered by this report. Due to the small population, municipal, waste loads
in this area are small, totaling slightly more than two mgd. Specific sources
are listed in Table VI-2, which was prepared from STORET Municipal Inventory
data. For some sources, this table reflects updated information obtained by
the field reconnaissance. Municipal waste treatment facilities in this area
\
are believed to be adequate.
Potential industrial waste sources for this area are listed in Table Vl-3.
Of the 17 potential sources listed in the phone directory, five are listed in
the STORET inventory and two are known to have waste discharges. Only one dis-
charge is considered to be a major waste source (greater than one million gal-
lons per day). Rogers Brothers Co., a large potato processing plant, formerly
discharged wastes to the South Fork Teton River following primary treatment.
A large scale land disposal system was placed in operation during the past pro-
cessing season. The adenuacy of this disposal system has not been evaluated
by field surveys.
Saint Anthony Starch Co., a small starch manufacturing plant located in
Saint Anthony, discharges inadequately treated wastes to Henry's Fork. Al-
though this source is small, at low streamflow conditions produced by diversion
-------
TABLE VI-L
Summary of Economic Service Areas
Upper and Middle Snake River Basins
VI-3
Service
Area
1. Rexburg
2. Rigby
3. Idaho Falls *
4. Blackfoot
5. Pocatello *
6. American Falls
7. Burley *
8. Twin Falls *
Communities
Rexburg
St. An th ony
Rigby
Lewisville
Ririe
Roberts
Idaho Falls
Blackfoot
Firth
Shelley
Pocatello
Inkom
Aberdeen
Am. Falls
Burley
Heyburn
Paul
Rupert
Twin Falls
Buhl
Filer
Jerome
Gooding
Tuttle
Counties
Madison
Fremont
Madison
Jefferson
ii
ii
Bonneville
Bingham
ii
"II
Banock
ii
Bingham
Power
Cassia
Minidoka
M
ii
Twin Falls
n •
ii
Jerome
Gooding
n
1965
Population
(1000)
15.0
9.1
52.3
15.9
47.7
4.1
24.5
40.5
Streams
Directly
Affected
Henry's Fork &
S .Fk. Teton R. **
Snake R.
Snake R. below
Idaho Falls **
Snake R. above
American Falls
Reservoir **
Portneuf River **
American Falls
Reservoir **
Snake River
Milner Reser-
Reservoir **
Rock Creek **
Snake River
9. Mtn. Home
Mtn. Home
Elmore
12.0
Snake River
* Major service area
** Water quality problem area
-------
VI-4
Summary of Economic Service Areas (continued)
Upper and Middle Snake River Basins
Service
Area
10. Boise *
1 1 . Emme 1 1
12. Ontario
Communities
Boise
Eagle
Garden City
Caldwell
Nampa
Homedale
Emmett
Ontario, Ore .
Nyssa, Ore.
Vale, Ore.
Weiser
Payette
Fruitland
1965
Counties Population
(1000)
Ada 146.3
"
"
Canyon
ti
Owyhee
Gem 4.0
Malheur,0re .
ti
"
Washington
Payette
M
Streams
Directly
Affected
Boise R. **
Snake R.
Payette R.
Snake R.
Brownlee
Reservoir **
13. Baker
Baker
Baker
10.0
Powder R.
-------
PAGE NOT
AVAILABLE
DIGITALLY
-------
TABLE VI-2
Municipal Waste Sources
Upper and Middle Snake River Basins
VI-5
Community
Ashton
St. Anthony
Youth Center
Parker
St. Anthony
Rexburg
Sugar City
Menan
Rigby
Ririe
Roberts
Ammon
Idaho Falls
Receiving
Waters
IDAHO
Rexburg Service
Drain Ditch to
Snake River?
Henry's Fork
--
Henry's Fork
S . Fk. Teton R.
Henry's Fork
Teton River
Rigby Service
No Discharge
Snake River
No Discharge
Roberts Slough to
Snake River
Population
Served
Area
1,167
--
380
2,000
7,025
500
Area
493
2,500
500
--
Flow Type
MGD Treatment
0.13 Lagoons
See St. Anthony
None
0.54 Lagoons
1.35 Lagoons
0.20 Aerated Lagoons
None
Aerated Lagoons
Lagoons
Secondary
Idaho Falls Service Area
No Discharge
Snake River
2,450
33,161
None
6.0 Primary with
chlorination
-------
TABLE VI-2 (continued)
Municipal Waste Sources
Upper and Middle Snake River Basins
VI-6
Community
Blackfoot
Firth
Fort Hall
Shelley
Chubbuck
Inkom
Pocatello
Aberdeen
Receiving Population
Waters Served
IDAHO
Blackfoot Service
Snake River
Snake River *
Local Drain to
Snake River
Snake River
Pocatello Service
Portneuf River
Portneuf River
Portneuf River
Aberdeen Drain
Area
7,000
250
600
1,800
Area
2,000
500
38,000
985
Flow Type
MGD Treatment
.9 Primary
.03 Lagoons
Lagoons
.3 Lagoons
None .
Pocatello Future
Aerated Lagoons
5.5 Primary
.1 Septic Tank
American Falls Service Area
American Falls
Snake River
2,000
.3 Trickling Filter
Chlorination
burley Service Area
Albion
Bur ley
Delco
_ _
Snake River
Marsh Creek
415
7,500
235
None
11. Aerated Lagoons
None
-------
TABLE VI-2 (continued)
Municipal Waste Sources
Upper and Middle Snake River Basins
VI-7
Community
Heyburn
Paul
Rupert
Gooding
Hagerman
Wendell
Jerome
Buhl
Castleford
Filer
Hansen
Kimberly
Receiving
Waters
IDAHO
Burley Service Area
Snake River
•
Main Drain f
Minidoka Project
Snake River
Population
Served
(continued)
850
500
4,800
Flow Type
MGD Treatment
Primary
2. w/chlorination
.01 Imhoff Tank -
Chlorination
1.8 Aerated Lagoons -
Chlorination
Twin Falls Service Area
Little Wood River
--
No Discharge
Irrigation Canal
Mud Creek
--
Ditch to Lava Crevice
2,000
430
1,400
4,900
2,800
275
1,350
.30 Highrate Tricklin,
Filter-Chlorina-
tion
None
. 10 Lagoons
.80 Highrate Tricklin
Filter-Chlorina-
tion
.30 Aerated Lagoons
None
.13 Aerated Lagoons
Drain to Snake River
Drain Ditch
1,300
Lagoons
.13 Highrate Tricklin
Filter-Chlorina-
tion
Murtaugh
No Discharge
208
.02
None
-------
TABLE VI-2 (continued)
VI-8
Municipal Waste Sources
Upper and Middle Snake River Basins
Community
Receiving
Waters
Population Flow Type
Served MGD Treatment
IDAHO
Twin Falls Service Area (continued)
Twin Falls
Snake River
18,000
2.6 Primary w/
Chlorination
Mountain Home Service Area
Mountain Home
West Side Canal
9,000
.6
Lagoons
Boise Service Area
Ada County
Fairgrounds
Idaho State
Correction
Institution
Boise
Boise River
Local Drain to
Boise River
Boise River
55
75,000
Aerated Lagoons
Chlorination
.01 Lagoon
9.0 Activated Sludge-
Chlorination
Boise Bench
Sewer District
Gowen Field
Boise
Eagle
Boise City System
Drain to
Boise River
Eagle Drain to
Boise River
21,700
1,200
750
See Boise
Highrate Tricklir
Filter
Lagoons
-------
TABLE VI-2 (continued)
Municipal Waste Sources
Upper and Middle Snake River Basins
VI-9
Community
Receiving
Waters
Population Flow Type
Served MGD Treatment
IDAHO
Boise
Service Area (continued)
Garden City
Kuna
Meridian
Northwest Boise
Star
Caldwell
Greenleaf
Melba
Middleton
Nampa
Davis Drain to 1,000
Boise River
No Discharge 530
Drain to Ten Mile 1,800
Creek to Boise Cr.
To City of Boise to 8,000
Boise River
Drain Ditch to 500
Boise River
Boise River 10,000
Drain to Boise R. 100
No Discharge 300
N. Middleton Drain 500
to Boise River
Indian Creek 20,500
.3 Highrate Tricklir
Filter -
Chlorination
. 1 Lagoons -
Chlorination
7.6 Highrate Tricklir
Filter -
Chlorination
See Boise
.1 Lagoons
6. 0 Highrate Tricklit
Filter -
Chlorination
None
None
. 1 Lagoons
11.4 Highrate Trickli:
Filter -
ChLori.ii3Lion
-------
TABLE VI-2 (continued)
Municipal Waste Sources
Upper and Middle Snake River Basins
VI-10
Community
Receiving
Waters
Population Flow Type
Served MGD Treatment
IDAHO
Boise
Service Area (continued)
Notus
Parma
Wilder
Homedale
Mar sing
Boise River
Boise River
Wilder Drain to
Snake River
Snake River
Snake River
Emmett Service
250
1,400
600
1,250
500
Area
.03
.65
.1
.12
.1
Lagoons
Lagoons
None
Lagoons
Aerated Lagoons
Emme11
Payette River
3,500
Lagoons
Ontario Service Area
Fruitland
Fruitland
Gayway Water
& Sewer Assn.
New Plymouth
Payette
Snake River
Snake River
Drain Ditch to
Payette River
Payette River
600
500
1,000
3,500
.9 Lagoons
Lagoons
.6 Lagoons
.6 Primary w/
Chlorination
-------
TABLE VI-2 (continued)
Municipal Waste Sources
Upper and Middle Snake River Basins
VI-11
C ommun i ty
Receiving
Waters
Population Flow Type
Served MGD Treatment
IDAHO
Ontario Service Area (continued)
Weiser
Snake River
4,000
1.
Primary
OREGON
Ontario Service Area
Nyssa, Ore.
Ontario, Ore,
Ontario, Ore.
Project #1
Ontario, Ore,
Project #2
Snake River
Malheur River
Malheur River
Malheur River
2,500
6,390
6,400
.5 Secondary
2.7 Lagoons -
Chlorination
None
None
Vale, Ore.
Malheur River
1,700
.2 Lagoons
-------
VI-12
TABLE VI-3.
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Rexburg Service Area
Indus try
Name
Madison Co-Op Assn.
Inc.
Nelson-Ricks
Creamery Co.
arner Ted Ready-Mix
.Concrete Co.
r,
alters Ready-Mix
Concrete Co.
Challenge Fine
Dairy Foods
Ellen's Dairy &
Snack Bar
Young Ron
Meadow Gold Distr.
Rexburg Livestock
Auction Inc.
Chuck's Custom Pack
./^Rogers Brothers Co.
American Oil Farm Ctr,
Meyers Bros. Feed
Lots, Inc.
Hopperdietzel Cheese
Factory
Industry
Type
Rexburg
Agricultural
Chemicals
Cheese
Address
101 East Main
17 Carlson Ave,
Status
Concrete-*Ready Mix 247 N. 1st E.
Sand & Gravel
Concrete-Ready Mix 342 W. 4th N.
Sand & Gravel
Dairies
Dairies
Dairies
33 N. 1st E.
148 S. Center
314 E. 3rd S.
Livestock Auction N. of Rexburg
Markets
Meat Packers
Potatoes-
Processed
W. of Rexburg
N. of Rexburg
Sugar City
Chemicals Sugar City
Livescock Buyers Sugar City
Livestock Feeding
St. Anthony
Cheese 39 E. 6th S.
* * M
-------
VI-13
TABLE VI-3 (continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Rexburg Service Area
Indus try
Name
^Garrett Grover Ready-
Y ' Mix
^
P Concrete Co.
Dairyland Dairy
". Anthony Starch Co.
Industry
Type
Address
St. Anthony (continued)
Concrete-Ready Mix 1012 S. 4th W.
Concrete-Ready Mix St. Anthony
Sand & Gravel
e
Dairies 630 E. 2nd N.
Status
Starch Manuf.
251 S. Bridge
* *
* Source listed in STORET Industrial Inventory
# Known waste discharge
M Major waste source
-------
VI-14
and/or storage of flow for irrigation purposes, significant pollution has
resulted. A similar situation exists below Rexburg on the South Fork Teton
River.
The magnitude of waste sources in this service area would appear to in-
dicate that pollution is primarily a local nuisance problem and has little
downstream effect. Provision of adequate treatment for the Saint Anthony
Starch Co. would minimize present problems if the Rogers Bros. Co. disposal
system performs as designed. Thi^ area could probably be eliminated from an
intensive field investigation.
Rigby Service Area
This service area also has a small population and few industrial waste
discharges. Municipal waste sources are listed in Table VI-2. Municipal
waste treatment facilities are believed to be adequate. No known significant
water quality problems exist in this area.
At Ririe, a small Kraft Food Co. cheese plant discharges untreated
wastes to an irrigation canal. This discharge, which causes nuisance condi-
tions when the canal is dry, would appear to be a local pollution problem.
Idaho Fresh Pak, Inc., operates a large potato processing plant adjacent
to Dry Bed Creek near Lewisville. The adequacy of treatment at this facility
is unknown. Dry Bed Creek flows into the Snake River about five miles below
the waste discharge. A potential for a local pollution problem exists at this
location.
A total of 18 potential industrial waste sources have been identified in
this service area. Of this total, five are listed in the STORET inventory and
-------
VI-15
TABLE VI-4
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Rigby Service Area
Industry
Name
Industry
Type
Address
Status
Hunter Chemical
& Farm Supply
Kfeatts Food Div. of
Y/K.raftco Corp.
Ririe
Agricultural
Chemicals
Cheese
350 E. Miller
115 W. Hiway 26
* *
Rigby Coal, Feed &
Seed Co.
Rigby Ready Mixed
Concrete
Dairyland Dairy
Al Straughn
Livestock Co.
Jones Custom Meat
Paramount Locker
Service
Rushton Custom
Butchering
Utah-Idaho Sugar Co.
Chemicals
201 S. State
Concrete-Ready Mix Rigby
Sand & Gravel
Dairies 260 S. State
Dairy Prod.-Retail
Livestock Buyers
Meat-Retail
Meat-Retail
Meat-Retail
Sugar Refiners
Rigby
N. of P-igby
171 E. Main
Rigby
Rigby
Idaho Feeders, Inc.
Glenwood Custom Pack
Golden Valley
Packers, Inc.
Roberts
Livestock Buyers
& Com'l Feeding
Meat Packers
Meat-Retail
"complete render-
ing service
available"
Roberts
2 E. Park Ave.
3 mi. S . on
Idaho FalIs Hwy,
-------
VI-16
TABLE VI-4 (continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Rigby Service Area
Industry
Name
Clement Bros,
Livestock
Tolman Merc.
Clement Bros .
Fresh -Pak Inc.
Industry
Type
Address
Lewisville
Livestock Feeding Lewisville
Meat-Retail
"meat cut &
wrapped for
freezers"
\/Ball Bros. Produce Co. Potatoes
Lewisville
Lewisville
Potatoes
Produce-Wholesale , Lewisville
Potatoes
Potatoes-Processed Lewisville
Status
* * M
* Source listed in STOKET Industrial Inventory
# Known waste discharge
M Major waste source
-------
VI-17
only two are known to have a waste discharge including one major discharge.
Idaho Falls Service Area.
This major service area, with a population in excess of 50,000 and a
large number of industries, exerts a detrimental effect on water quality in
the Snake River during low flow periods. Idaho Falls is served by a primary
treatment plant which also treats some industrial wastes. This treatment
level is inadequate.
A total of 44 potential industrial waste sources have been identified
for this area. Only ten of these sources are listed in STORET. Four sources
are known to discharge inadequately treated wastes, three of which are major
sources. It is highly probable that a number of other sources discharge in-
•
adequately treated wastes including the large Utah-Idaho Sugar Co. refinery
at Lincoln, for which the waste treatment status is unknown. Known major
waste sources include the Idaho Potato Division of Western Farmers Associa-
tion, the Idaho Potato Foods Co., and Rogers Bros. Co.
A number of industrial sources apparently plan to connect to the Idaho
Falls city system when a planned secondary treatment facility is constructed.
The timing on this facility is unknown but would appear to be several years
away. Water quality conditions below Idaho Falls in the Snake River are sub-
stantially degraded during low flow periods. A source survey and water qual-
ity investigation is needed in this area to provide a basis for evaluating the
need for enforcement actions.
Blackjfcoj^ Service Area
This is a small service area. Its location adjacent to the reach of the
Sna!:e River affected by Idaho Falls pollution sources and presence of several
-------
VI-18
TABLE VI-5
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Idaho Falls Service Area
Industry
Name
Industry
Type
Address
Status
Cominco American
Geisler Farm Supply
Simplot Soilbuilders
Wasatch Chem. Co.
Idaho Portland
\f/ Cement Company
Wallace Dairy
Bonneville Supply
Farm Builder Bio Chem
T P Concrete Co.
Burns Bros. Concrete
Challenge Fine
Dairy Foods
Cream Top Dairy
Dairyland Dairy
Eastern Idaho Dairy
Reed Bros. Dairy
Farm Depot.
Rowland's Dairy
Wallace Dairy
Idaho Falls
Agr. Chem.
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Agr. Chem.
t
Agr. Chem.
Agr. Chem.
Cement-Wholesale
& Manufacturers
Cheese
Chemicals
Chemicals
Concrete-Beady Mix
Concrete-Ready Mix
Dairies
Dairies
Dairies
Dairies
Dairies
Dairies
Dairies
St. Leon Road
2211 Lewisville Hwy
1020 W. Broadway
S. Highway
S. Highway
Sunnyside Road
350 S. Yellowstone Ave.
2090 Industrial Blvd
Milligan Road *
2300 Leslie Ave. *
751 Cha;.,berlain Ave. #
751 Chamberlain Ave.
2884 FieIdstrearn Ln.
465 E. Anderson
Reeds Corner - 1 mi.
vest ol skyline
477 W. 17th
Sunnyside Road
-------
VI-19
TABLE VI-5 (continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Idaho Falls Service Area
Indus try
Name
Indus try
Type
Address
Status
Farm Builder Bio Chem
Geisler Farm Supply
Idaho Falls Bonded
Produce & Supply
Bonneville Supply
Simplot Soilbuilders
Kitchen Queen Food
Products
Geisler Farm Supply
Wasatch Chem. Co.
Idaho Livestock
Auction
Maritt, Virgil
/
Vldaho Falls Meat Co.
Frank Gompert Inc.
King B Pack
Fred's Custom
Butchering
Glenn's Cold Storage
Locker Service
Idaho Falls (cont'd)
Fertilizers-Dlrs 2090 Industrial Blvd.
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Fertilizers-Dlrs
FerLilizers-Dlrs
Food Products
Insecticides-DIrs
Insecticides-DIrs
Livestock Auction
Markets
Livestock Buyers
Meat Packers
Meat Packers
Meat Packers
Meat-Retail
Meat-Retail
2211 Lewisville Hwy
(ofc) 201 S. Blvd
(liquid fert. plant)
N. Higbee Avenue
350 S. Yellowstone Ave.
1020 W. Broadway
502 W. 16th
2211 Lewisville Hwy
S. Highway
701 Northgate Mile
Mobile Telephone,
Idaho Falls
S. Highway *
325 Briggs
1690 S. Yellowstone
Lincoln
241 Cliff
-------
VI-20
TABLE VI-5 (continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Idaho Falls Service Area
Industry
Name
Bass & Hurley, Inc.
Rogers Bros. Co.
'stern Farmers Assn
.Idaho Potato Div.
\/Idaho Potato Foods
Commons Poultry Co.
Idaho Falls Animal
yProducts Co.
Hartwell Excavating
Company
Kennaday Paving Co.
^ Idaho Potato Starch Co,
enan Starch Co.
Industry
Type
Address
Status
Idaho Falls (cont'd)
Idaho Stockyards Co.
•JUtah-Idaho Sugar Co.
Potatoes-
Processed
Potatoes -
Processed
e
Potatoes-
Processed
Potatoes-
Processed
Poultry-
Wholesale
"custom processing"
Rendering
Sand & Gravel
Sand & Gravel
Starch
Starch
Stockyards
Sugar Refiners
177 Market, Ucon
3100 Rollandet
100 S. Utah Ave.
W. River Road
530 W. 20th
1125 N. Higbee Ave.
o
Milligan Road
Milligan Road
S. Hiway, I.F.
851 Chamberlain Av.
Idaho Falls
Lincoln
* # M
* # M
* * M
*
*
* Source listed in STORET Industrial Inventory
# Known waste discharge
M Major waste source
-------
VI-21
large food processing industries, however, create the potential for a major
impact on Snake River water quality. Residual wastes from this area also
contribute to pollution of American Falls Reservoir.
With the exception of Blackfoot which has a primary treatment plant,
municipalities in this area are small and provide adequate treatment. Muni-
cipal waste sources are listed in Table VI-2.
A total of 35 potential waste sources identified for this service area
are listed in Table VI-6. Eight of these sources are listed in STORET. Three
major sources are known to have discharges to the Snake River. The American
Potato Co. at Collins, near Blackfoot, has the largest single industrial waste
discharge in the study area (13 MGD) . The adequacy of waste treatment is un-
known .
Idaho Supreme Potatoes, Inc., at Firth discharges inadequately treated
wastes. A land disposal system is planned.
R. T. French Co. at Shelley has a secondary treatment facility constructed
under an EPA grant to demonstrate treatment processes for potato wastes. Com-
plete operating records are available.
Due to the interrelationship of the Idaho Falls and Blackfoot areas with
respect to water quality impacts on the Snake River, these areas should be sur-
veyed concurrently.
Pocatello Service Area
This service area includes PocateLlo and surrounding communities on the
Portneuf River a short distance upstream from the southeastern shore of American
Falls Reservoir.and waste sources in Aberdeen which discharge to Aberdeen Drain,
a small tributary entering the north side of American Falls Reservoir. Waste
-------
VI-22
TABLE VI-6
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Blackfoot Service Area
Industry
Name
Simplot Soilbuilders
Kraft Foods Div. of
Kraftco Corp.
American Oil Prod.
American Oil Farm
& Home Service
Bingham Cooperative Inc
^B/lackfoot Ready Mix
^ Concrete Inc.
R T P Concrete Co.
Cauimack Dairy
Dairyland Dairy
Rowland's Dairy
Agricultural
Services Inc.
Collaer Crop Boosters
Velvet Foods Inc.
Bingham Cooperative
Inc.
Blackfoot Livestock
Commission Co.
Industry
Type
Blackfoot
Agr. Chem.
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Cheese
Address
Collins
295 S. Ash
Sratus
Chemicals
Fertilizers-Dlrs '1180 S. Broadway
Chemicals Arco Hwy
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Concrete-Ready Mix Airport Road
Concrete-Ready Mix West Bridge St.
Dairies 498 S. Fisher Ave.
Dairy Prod. - Retail
Dairies
Dairy Prod.-Retail 67 N. Maple
Dairies
Dairy Prod.-Retail Weeding Lane
Fertilizers-Dlrs Hiway 26
Fertilizers-Dlrs 445 S. Broadway
Food Processing 321 N.T'.T. Main
Insecticides-DIrs Arco Highway
Livestock Auction E. Rich Lane
Markets
-------
VI-23
TABLE VI-6 (continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Blackfoot Service Area
Industry
Name
Harding Livestock
& Land Co.
Industry
Type
Address
Blackfoot (cont*d)
Livestock Feeding 29 W. Bridge
Nonpareil Angus Feedlot Livestock Feeding Rose
Warren Hill Custom
Meat & Mobile
Butchering
Meat Packers
^Hopkins' Packing Co. Meat Packers
Jerry's Grocery
Mickelsen Ray Pack
Idaho Potato Packers
Corp.
\AAmerican Potato Co.
Meat-Wholesale
"custom cut, pro- «
cessed & wrapped"
Meat-Wholesale
Potatoes
Pingree
W. River Bridge
1311 S. Broadway
River ton Road
Collins
Jorgen.sen Poultry Farm Poultry-Retail
& Hatchery
Potatoes-Processed Collins
SE Blackfoot
Valley By Products
Blackfoot Ready Mix
Concrete Inc.
Gary Hone Excavating
f
R T P Concrete Co.
Indian Springs irout
Farms Div., Thousand
Springs Trout Farms Inc.
Rendering
Sand & Gravel
Sand & Gravel
Sand 6e Gravel
Trout Farms
Pingree
Airport Road
400 Horrocks Dr.
W. Bridge
Pingree
Status
* # M
-------
VI-24
TABLE VI-6 (continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Blackfoot Service Area
Industry
Name
Firth Mill & Elevator
Idaho Supreme Potatoes
V Inc.
Industry
Type
Address
Firth
Agr. Chetn. 101 E. Center
Potatoes-Processed Firth
Status
* * M
iton Ready Mix
US Steel Farm Service
Center
NvO*l Wattenbarger
4leat Packer
Doug's Wholesale Meat
. French Co.
Utah -Idaho Sugar Co.
Shelley
Concrete-Ready Mix E. of Shelley
Fertilizers-Dlrs N. Hv/y, Shelley
Meat Packers
N. of Shelley
Meat-Wholesale 907 S. State
Potatoes-Processed 434 S. Emerson Ave,
Sugar Refiners Hays Project Rd.
* # M
* Source listed in STORE! Industrial Inventory
tf Known waste discharge
M Major waste source
-------
VI-25
sources in this service area contribute to pollution of American Falls Reser-
voir in addition to degrading water quality in Aberdeen Drain and the lower
Portneuf River.
Municipal waste facilities (see Table VI-2) including Pocatello's
primary plant, provide inadequate treatment. Secondary treatment facilities
are planned but are presently behind schedule.
A total of 35 potential industrial waste sources located in this study
area are listed in Table VI-7. It is probable that many of these sources are
on the Pocatello city system, but this needs to be verified. Eight of the
sources are listed in STORET. Nine sources are known to have waste discharges,
of which three are major.
The largest waste discharges are produced by the large phosphate process-
ing plants operated by FMC Corporation and J. R. Simplot Co. In the past,
these plants were responsible for severe degradation of the lower Portneuf
River and contributed large phosphate loads to the lower Snake River system.
Improved treatment facilities have been installed, but the adequacy of the
facilities has not been evaluated by water quality surveys.
The Union Pacific Railroad operates a large yard and railroad shops in
Pocatello. This operation is a potential source of oil pollution. Waste dis-
posal practices are unknown.
Four industrial waste sources are located in the small community of Aberdeen.
Western Farmers potato processing plant discharges a moderate-sized waste load.
The combination of these sources severely degrades Aberdeen Drain in Fall and
Winter. Evidence of a recent small oil spill to the drain from an oil bulk
plant was also noted during the field reconnaissance. Treatment practices in
this location are clearly inadequate. This is primarily a local pollution
-------
VI-25
TABLE VI-7
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Pocatello Service Area
Industry
Name •
Challenge Cream &
Butter Assn
FMC Corporation
Industry
Type
Pocatello
Cheese
Chemicals
Midstate Distributing Co Chemicals
Soil Conditioners
Address Status
702 S. 1st Av.
West of Pocatello * # M
Industrial Park
Patton & Linton
•/
RTF Concrete Co.
Cream Top Dairy
Dairyland Dairy
Maple Leaf Dairy
Concrete-Ready Mix Philbin Rd & Hwy 30 W
Sand & Gravel
Concrete-Ready Mix 2300 N. Main
Sand & Gravel
Dairies 421 Fredregill Rd.
Dairy Prod-Retail
Dairies 404 W. Maple
Dairy Prod-Retail
Dairies
739 Wyldwood Ln.
Rowland Bros. Dairy Dairies W. of Pocatello
Dairy Prod-Retail
Upper Snake River Valley Dairies 421 Fredregill Rd.
Dairymen's Assn Dairy Prod-Retail
Challenge Cream &
Butter Assn
Cheese Processing
Plant
Crop Boosters
J. R. Simplot Co.
Kennedy's Food Town
Dairy Prod -
Wholesale
702 S. 1st Ave.
Fertilizers-Dlrs 935 S. 1st Ave.
Fertilizers- W. of Pocatello
Wholesale & Mfrs
Frozen Food Locker 5027 Yellowstone Hwy
Pits "wholcsale
meats-cutting &
wrapping"
* # M
-------
VI-27
TABLE VI-7 (continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Pocatello Service Area
Industry
Name.
McMonigle *s
Pocatello Cold
Storage Co.
Bar 61"Inc.
Nurs-Ette Fed Lot
Anderson's Custom Pack
Custom Packing Co.
Mont's Wholesale Meats
Vzweigart Packing Co.
Idaho Metal Finishing
& Bumper Exchange
Bannock Paving Co.
Christensen Sand 6.
Gravel
Hunziker Sand & Gravel
Union Stock Yards
Utah-Idaho Sugar Co.
Papoose Springs Trout
Ranch Inc.
Union Pacific Railroad
Company
Industry
Type
Address
Status
Pocatello (cont'd)
Frozen Food Locker 800 E. Alameda Rd,
Pits "cutting -
wrapping"
Frozen Food Locker 657 S. 1st Ave.
Plants
Livestock Feeding Michaud
Livestock Feeding W. of Pocatello
620% Cottage Ave.
W. of Pocatello
Meat Packers
Meat Packers
"custom cutting,
curing & wrapping"
Meat-Wholesale
"custom cutting
& wrapping"
Meat-Wholesale
Plating
Sand & Gravel
Sand & Gravel
Sand & Gravel
Stock Yards
Sugar.Refiners
Trout Farms
Railroad Shops
150 N. 3rd Ave.
W. of Pocatello *
Chubbuck
Batiste Road
N. of Pocatello
Phil bin Rd & Hwy 30 W.
N. of Pocatello
Tyhee
W. of Pocatello
Pocatello *
-------
VI-23
TABLE VI-7 (continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Pocatello Service Area
Industry Industry
Name' Type Address Status
•
Aberdeen
\/ Western Farmers, Inc. Food Processing Aberdeen * # M
» Idaho Potato Growers Potatoes-Processed Aberdeen #
•
/Idaho Potato Starch Co. Starch Mfg. Aberdeen #
-/ Kraft Foods Co. Cheese Aberdeen * #
Inkom
Idaho Portland Cement-Wholesale Inkom
Cement Co. Div. & Manufacturers
of Oregon Portland
Cement
* Source listed in STORET Industrial Inventory
# Known waste discharge
M Major waste source
-------
VI-29
problem, although nutrients and residual wastes can be carried into American
Falls Reservoir.
Pollution sources in the Pocatello area are probably the major factci's
affecting water quality in American Falls Reservoir, although natural sources
of phosphates and residual wastes from the Idaho Falls and Blackfoot arear- &rt.^
also important. This area needs further study to assess waste treatment re-
quirements .
American Falls Service Area
This is a very small service area located at the downstream end of
American Falls Reservoir. The municipal treatment plant, which discharges
•
to the Snake River below the falls, is believed to be adequate.
No industries are listed in STORET for this location and no search of
the phone directory was made. Lamb-Weston, a large potato processing plant,
is located north of American Falls. The plant utilizes land disposal for its
wastes, which has resulted in an odor problem. There are no known water pol-
lution problems in this service area.
Burley Service Area
This service area is a major source of organic waste loads which severely
'i
degrade Lake Milner during Winter low streamflow conditions. Both the Burley
and Rupert municipal waste facilities treat large industrial waste loads.
Burley has large lagoons which achieve high treatment efficiencies. Rupert
has a pri.mary plant followed by an aerated lagoon whi ch achieves an overall BOD
t
reduction of seventy percent. Periodic plant overloads caused by industrial
discharges in excess of contractual BOD loads have caused problems at Rupert.
Additional treatment facilities are planned.
-------
VI-30
TABLE VI-8
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Burley Service Area
Industry
Name
Burley Co-Op Supply
Association, Inc.
Simplot Soilbuilders
Graham Seed & Floral
Hoffbuhr Ready Mix,
Incorporated
Magic Valley Sand
and Gravel
Ida Gem Dairymen,
Incorporated
Stoker Dairy and
Milk Depot
Young's Dairy Prod.
American Oil Farm
Service Center
Industry
Type
Burley
Agr.Chem.Fertil.
Insecticides
Agr. Chem.
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Chemicals
Insecticides-Dlrs
Concrete-Ready Mix
Sand and Gravel
Concrete-Ready Mix
Sand and Gravel
Dairies
Dairy Prod-Retail
Dairies
Dairies
Dairy Prod-Retail
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Bean Growers Warehouse Fertilizers-Dlrs
Association, Inc.
Cenex Plant Food Co.
Pacific Supply Co-Op
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Fertilizers -
Wholesale & Mfg.
Burley Processing Co. Food Processing
Del Monte Corporation Food Processing
*
L? Chiquita Corn
Products Mfg Co.
Food Processing
Address S ta tu s
1234 Hansen Ave.
1029 Oyerland Ave.
1240 Oakley Ave.
East of Burley
419 W. 2nd.
245 N. Overland Ave.
301 E. 16th
1506 Washington Ave.
1138 Burton Ave.
Milner
(Burley) mobile phone
1234 Hansen Ave.
632 W. Main
305 W. Hiway 30
818 Occidental Ave
-------
VI-31
TABLE VI-8 (Continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Burley Service Area
Indus try
Name
Industry
Type
Address
Burley (Continued)
Status
Foods Inc.
Burley Livestock
Commission Co.
Food Processing
Frozen Foods -
Processors
Livestock Auction
Markets
Conrad Land t Livestock Livestock*Buyers
Inc. .
280 W. Hiv;ay 30
1100 Occidental Ave.
450 S. 600 W.
Interstate Feeders
Martin & Anderson
Farms
Shults & Allred
Gibson Brothers Meats
Blaine Nielsen
Clark's IGA
Bryant's Packing Co.
Great Atlantic &
Pacific Tea Co. Inc.
Coats Bros.
Contractors
|V£ustom Packing Co.
Food Co.
Livestock Feeding
Livestock Feeding
Livestock Feeding
Meat Packers
Meat Packers
1100 S 48 W
,575 W 400 S
E 5 & Hiland
Mobile Telephone
Meat-Retail 201 W. 16th
"custom slaughtering,
meat processing"
Meat-Wholesale
Potatoes-Procp.ssed West of Burley
Rupert
Concrete-Rdy Mixed Rupert
Meat Packers
Cheese
;ic Valley Foods, Inc. Food Processing
Simplot Soilbuilders Fertilizers
114 E. Baseline
Rupert
Hiway 24
Rupert
*
it
It
-------
VI-3?.
TABLE VI-8 (Continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Burley Service Area
Industry
Name
Industry
Type
Address
Rupert (Continued)
Wasatch Chemical Xo. Chemicals 200 W. 075 S.
Western Livestock Corp. Livestock Feeding 300 N. 025 E.
Peoples Packing Co.
Western" Seed, Inc.
Idaho Hide & Tallow
Idaho Portland Cement
Pennwalt Chein. Corp.
Pacific Supply Co-Op
I. Simplet Co.
Blincoe Farms
Eastern Idaho Packing
Corp
Kloepfcr Ready Mix
Concrete Co.
Meat Packers 125 S. 125 W.
Heyburn
Agr. Chem.
Animal Carcass
Removal
Ceraent-U'sale
& Mfr
Chemicals
1531 Highway 30
1341 18th
1500 J
Heyburn
Fertilizers-Whole- Heyburn
sale & Ilanufacturers
Food Processing
Potatoes
Heyburn
Livestock Producers 725 W 200 S
Potatoes 1301 Highway 30
Paul
Concrete-Rdy Mixed Highway 25
Sand & Gravel
US Steel Farm
Service Center
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Igamatcd Sugar Co. Sugar Refiners
400 W 075 S
Paul
* Source listed in STORET Industrial Inventory
f Known waste discharge
M Major waste source
Status
-------
VI-35
A large number of industrial sources are present in this area, with 47
potential sources identified. Many of the sources are connected to the Burley
or Rupert systems. Major sources which discharge to Lake Milner include
J. R. Simplot Co. in Heyburn, and Ore-Ida Foods, Inc., Burley Processing Co.,
and A & P, Inc., in Burley. All of these sources are in the process of in-
stalling additional treatment facilities which are to be in operation by Fall
1971. These facilities may not be adequate to provide suitable water quality
in Lake Milner. A follow-up water quality survey is needed during the 1971-72
processing season to assess the adequacy of treatment facilities.
In Rupert, all of the food processing industries except Peoples Packing Co.
are connected to the city system. Improved treatment levels at the city fa-
cility would reduce the industrial waste load.
Amalgamated Sugar Company operates a large refinery at Paul. The industry
reportedly has a water reuse system which has substantially reduced its waste
discharge,which formerly degraded Main Drain, a small drain tributary to Lake
Milner. The adequacy of waste disposal practices has not been evaluated by
field surveys.
Degradation of Lake Milner is one of the most significant water quality
problems in the Snake River Basin. Present treatment improvements will prob-
ably not alleviate this problem fully. Animal feed lots also cause problems in
this area, as discussed in a later section. Documentation of waste loads and
water quality conditions in this area following treatment improvements 13 needed,
Twin Falls Service Area
Almost the entire flow of the Snake River is diverted at Lake Milner for
irrigation purposes during low flow periods. Snake River flows at Twin Falls
-------
VI-36
are thus very low. Due to the diversions, residual wastes from the Burley area
have little effect on the Twin Falls area. Below Twin Falls, groundwntei ?.n-
flows from the Thousand Springs area dilute these low flows and eliminate ar.y
water quality degradation resulting from the Twin Falls area. Water pollution
•
in this area is thus essentially a local problem.
«
With the exception of Twin Falls which has a primary treatment plant,
municipal waste sources in the Twin Falls area are small and provide treatment
•
facilities which are probably adequate (see Table VI-2). An engineering stvdy
is currently underway to develop plans for connection of all industrial waste
sources at Twin Falls to the city system and for adding secondary treatment
facilities. Such improvements would probably eliminate all but a few minor
local pollution problems in this area. The timing of planned improvements is
unknown.
There are a very large number (115) of potential industrial pollution
sources in the Twin Falls area. It is probable that most of these sources
exert little or no impact on water quality, but present information is inade-
quate to determine the extent of waste loads and how many actual waste dis-
charges exist.
With the exception of several large waste sources discharging to Rock Creek,
•i
most industries in the area covered by the Twin Falls sewerage system ar.2 con-
nected to the city system. There are no major waste discharges located in the
surrounding communities, although the cumulative effect of the various smaller
sources may be significant.
Agricultural chemicals and fertilizer dealers and handlers account for 32
of the potential pollution sources. These facilities in most cases probably
do not produce any waste dischargp, although the potential for adding to
-------
VI-3/
Potential
TABLE VI-9
Industrial Waste Sources - Twin Falls Area
Industry
Name
Magic Valley Growers
Simplot Soilbuilders
L & H Mobile Butchers
RTF Concrete Co.
Challenge Dairy Prod..
(Ida Gem Dairymen Inc)
Snoco Dairy
(Young's Dairy Prod)
Marshall Warehouses
Jerome Canning
Kitchen Inc.
Producers Livestock
Marketing Assn
Circle 4 Cattle Co.
uKing of Spuds
Producers Livestock
Marketing Assn
Henry's Farm Sales
L. W, Moore W'hse
Collins Bert & Sons
Fertilizers and
Pesticides
Industry
Type
Agr. Chem.
Fertilizers
Agr. Chem.
Fertilizers
Jerome
Address
West of Jerome
W. Avenue C.
Butchering 222 W. Main
Concrcte-Rdy Mixed Jerome
Dairies 220 S. Birch
Dairy Prod-Retail
Dairies
107 W. Ave. C.
Fertilizers-Dlrs VIcst Main
Food Processing 325 North Date
Livestock Auction West of Jerome
Markets
Livestock Feediiig Southwest of Jerome
Potatoes-Processed West Main
Stock Yards West of Jerome
Kimbcrly-Hansen
Agr. Chem.
Fertilizers
446 Hiuay 30
Agr. Chem. 14 Railroad Ave.
Fertilizers-Dlrs Oak
Status
Farm Service Inc.
Fertilizers-Dlrs 121 Tyler St. E.
-------
VI-38
Potential
TABLE VI-9 (Continued)
Industrial Waste Sources - Twin Falls Area
Industry
Name
W. B. Savage Produce
Co.
USS Farm Svc Center
B & B Cattle
Kimberly Cold
Storage
McCarty Gravel Co.
Idaho, State of
Aquaculture Industries
Idaho Spgs Trout Farm
Magic Spgs Trout Co.
Ranger Trout Research
Station
Thousand Springs Trout
Farms Inc.
Gooding Seed Co.
Challenge Dairy Prod.
(Ida Gem Dairymen Inc.)
Dairy K
Industry
Type
Address
Kimberly-Hansen (Continued)
Fertilizers-Dlrs 516 Main St. N.
Fertilizers-Dlrs West of Hansen
Livestock Producers Southwest of
Kimberly Hansen
Meat-Retail
Sand & Gravel
130 Main St. N.
Southeast of
Kimberly-Hansen
Hagermaii
Fishery Hatchery Hagerman
Frout Farms Hagerman
Trout Farms Hagerman
Trout Farms Hagerman
Trout Farms Hagerman
Trout Farms
Hagerman
Gooding
Agr. Chcm.
Fertilizers
Dairies
Dairy Prod-Retail
304 1st Ave. E.
222 Idaho
Status
Dairy Prod-Retail 232 3rd Ave. E,
-------
VI-39
TABLE VI-9 (Continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Twin Falls Area
Industry
Name
Industry
Type
Address
Status
Gooding Livestock
Commission Co.
France Feed Lots
Magic Valley Packing
Co.
Ohlinger Meat Co.
Bean Growers
Warehouse Assn Inc.
0. J. Childs Seed Co.
USS Farm Svc Center
Gooding (Continued)
Livestock Auction
Markets
Livestock Feeding Northeast of Gooding
Meat Packers
Meat Packers
Filer
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Williams Meat Processing Meat Packers
East of Gooding
North Oregon
400 Front
528 Front
West of Filer
1156 S. Adell
Plant
Idaho Trout Processors
Co.
Shields Warehouse
reen Giant Co.
PvTP Concrete Co.
"custom slaughtering1
Trout Farms
Buhl
Agr. Chem.
Canncrs
Concrete-Rdy Mixed
Sand & Gravel
West of Filer
903 Elm
430 7th Avc. S.
Challenge Dairy Prod Dairies 105 13th Ave. S.
(Ida Gem Dairymen Inc.) Dairy Prod-Retail
Smith's Dairy Prod.
v/Tet Mi .Ik Inc.
Dairies 205 Broadx^ay S.
Dairy Prod-Retail
Dairy Prod-W'sale 500 Candensary Road
-------
VI-4C
Potential
TABLE VI-9 (Continued)
Industrial Waste Sources - Twin Falls Area
Industry
Name
Rangen Inc.
Shields Warehouse
West End Fertilizer
Magic Valley Growers
Clear Spgs Trout Co.
Rid View Trout Co.
Snake River Trout Farm
Thousand Springs
Trout Farms Inc.
Northland Cold
Storage Plant
Cascade Commodities
Corp.
Clear Spgs Trout Co.
Rainbow Trout Farms Inc.
•i
Rim View Trout Co.
Snake River Trout
Farm
Thousand Springs
Trout Farms Inc.
American Oil Farm
ft Home Service
Bean Growers W'hse
Assn Inc.
Industry
Type
Address
Buhl (Cdntinued)
Fertilissers-Dlrs 115 13th Ave. S.
Fertilizers-Dlrs 903 Elm
•
Fertilizers-Dlrs East of Buhl
Fertilizers-W'sale West of Buhl
& Manufacturers
Fish Hatcheries
Fish Hatcheries
Fish Hatcheries
Fish Hatcheries
Meat-Retail
Rendering
Companies
Trout Farms
Trout Farms
Trout Farms
Trout Farms
Trout Farms
North of Buhl
North of Buhl
North of Buhl
North of Buhl
121.llth Ave. S.
Northwest of Buhl
North of Buhl
Northeast of Buhl
North of Buhl
North of Buhl
North of Buhl
Twin Falls
Agr. Chem.
Agr. Chem.
Eastland Drive S,
3/«8 4th Ave. S.
Status
-------
VI-41
TABLE VI-9 (Continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Twin Falls Area
Industry
Name
Industry
Type
Address
Status
Magic Valley Growers
Simplot Soilbuilders
yl'daho Hide & Tallow Co.
Idaho Portland
Cement Co.
|tft?TB~*Concrete Co.
V£o"lonial Concrete Inc.
Bingham Dairy
Challenge Dairy Prod
(Ida Gem Dairymen Inc.)
Home Dairies of Twin
Falls
Meadow Gold Dairy
Products
Stoker Drive-In
Milk Depot
Twin Falls (Continued)
West of Twin Falls
Agr. Chem.
Fertilizers
Agr. Chem.
Animal Carcass
Removal
Cement-W'sale
& Manufacturers
700 Shoshone St. W.
East of Twin Falls
South Park Ave.
Concrete-Rdy Mixed Addison Avenue W.
Sand & Gravel
Concrete-Rdy Mixed Addiscn Avenue W.
Sand & Gravel
*
>ung*s Dairy Prod.
^//
StfLft & Co.
Idaho Grange Co-Op
American Oil Farm &
Home Service
Rangen Inc.
Simplot Soilbuilders
Dairies
Dairies
Dairy Prod-Retail
Dairies
Dairies
Dairies
Dairies
Dairy Prod-W'sale
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Addison Avenue E.
702 3rd St. W.
Madrona Street N.
227 Third Avenue W.
1138 Morningcide Dr.
269 Washinton St. N.
4th Avenue U. *
264 4th Avenue S. *
150 2nd Avenue W.
Eastland Dr. S.
Twin Falls
(liquid plant)
Floral Avenue
-------
VI-42
Potential
TABLE VI-9 (Continued)
Industrial Waste Sources - Twin Falls Area
Industry
Name
Western Nursery
Blue Lakes Trout
Farm Inc.
Greene's Trout Farm
Magic Springs Inc.
J. R. Simplot Food
Processing Co.
JTdahtfFrozen Foods Inc.
42"
Idaho, State of
American Oil AG
Chemical Form Plant
Stockgrower's Com-
mission Co.
Twin Falls Livestock
Commission Co.
Garrard Feed Lots
Olmstead Cattle Co.
Wagner Feed Yark
Falls Brant1 we?.t -
Independent Meat Co.
American Oil Co.
Industry
Type
Address
Status
Twin Falls (Continued)
Fertilizers-Dlrs 540 Filer Avenue
Fish Hatcheries
Trout Farms
Fish Hatcheries
Trout Fanjps
Food Processing
Food Processing
Frozen Foods-
Processors
Fish Hatchery
Insecticides-
W'sale & Nfr
Livestock Auction
Markets
Livestock Auction
Markets
Livestock Feeding
Livestock Feeding
Livestock Feeding
Meat Packers
Oil Refiners
266 Buchanan
266 Buchanan
East of Twin Falls
Twin Falls
856 Fall St
320 Blue Lakes Blvd S,
Eastland Drive South
-i
536 Maxwell Avenue
630 Rai3 .:oad Avenue .
South of Twin Falls
Southeast of Twin
Falls
Blue Lakes Blvd S.
Orchard Drive
525 Blue Lakes
Blvd North
Quick Fix Potato Co.
Potatoes-Processed 384 Locust St. S.
-------
VI-43
TABLE VI-9 (Continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Twin Falls Service Area
Industry Industry
Name Type Address - Status
Twin Falls (Continued)
Northwest Crane Sand & Gravel Addison Ave. W.
Rigging & Transport Co.
gamated Sugar Co. Sugar Refiners Southeast of *#M
Twin Falls
Frame Trout Farm Trout Farms Pxock Creek Cyn Rd.
Magic Springs Inc. Trout Farms East of Twin Falls
* Source list in STORET Industrial Inventory
$ Known vaste discharge
M Major waste source
-------
VI-44
pesticide and nutrient loads is present.
Due to the numerous springs in the area, a large number (25) of fish
hatcheries and trout farms are located around Twin Falls. The potential
water quality impact of thase installations is unknown, but may be significant.
Rock Creek, which flows through Twin Falls, has been severely degraded in
the past by the Amalgamated Sugar Company refinery discharge and several food
processing plant discharges. Treatment facilities have been installed at
these sources, but additional waste load reductions are needed to maintain
suitable water quality in Rock Creek.
Contact with several of the industries on Rock Creek produced the informa-
tion that they had delayed installing higher level treatment pending completion
of the Twin Falls plans for a regional systpm.
A waste source inventory is needed to define the actual waste sources in
this service area. A water quality survey is also needed to establish the basis
for enforcement actions to speed up the completion of the Twin Falls regional
system if additional delays result in the future.
Mountain Home Service Area
This is a small service area located remote from the Snake River. There
are apparently no significant industrial waste sources in the area and manici-
pal wastes are minor. There are no known pollution problems.
Bo_is_e_ Service Area
The Boise service area is the iargesc in the study area and includes the
major cities of Nampa and Caldwell in addition to Boise. The majority cf the
pollution sources are related to the intensive agricultural development of the
Boir.e River valley between Boise and the Oregon border. Waste loads from this
-------
VI-45
area impact water quality in the lower Boise River and the Snake River down-
stream to Brownlee Reservoir. Pollution from this area produces interstate
effects on Oregon water uses.
Some type of secondary waste treatment is provided for all significant
municipal sources in the area (see Table VI-2). Boise, Nampa and Caldwell have
regional sewerage systems that treat most industrial wastes in the communities.
There are no major industrial waste sources on the Boise system. As a result,
the treatment facility achieves a consistently high level of waste removal
(85-90 percent BOD reduction). In contrast, the Nampa facility treats large
industrial waste loads including wastes from an Amalgamated Sugar Company re-
finery and a large food processing plant operated by Western Farmers Associa-
tion. Although achieving high treatment efficiencies during much of the year,
high organic loads during the peak food processing season reduce BOD removal
efficiency to less than 70 percent at times. During the 1970-71 season, a
maximum BOD load of 106,000 pounds per day was treated, far in excess of the
design loading of 46,000 pounds per day. This overload is primarily the result
of inadequate pretreatment and/or violation of waste discharge contracts by the
food processing industries and Amalgamated Sugar Company. Western Farmers As-
sociation is apparently the worst violator. Hydraulic loads at the plant are
below design levels. The water quality impact of reduced plant efficiency has
not been investigated.
The Caldwell sewerage system has a serious infiltration problem. Average
flows at the treatment, facility range from 3 MGD in Winter to 9 MGD during the
irrigation season. The increased flow is primarily the result of infiltration.
The plant has a hydraulic design capacity of 10 MGD. It would appear that sub-
stantial over-design of the plant was needed to handle the infiltration. The
-------
VI-46
impact of the dilute flows on treatment efficiency is unknown.
A total of 162 potential industrial waste sources have been identified
in the Boise River valley. As in the Twin Falls service area, a large numbs <:
(42) of these are agricultural chemical and fertilizer dealers and warehouses
•
which may or may not contribute any significant pollution. Another 31 sources
are various types of meat packing and processing facilities. Several of these
sources are known to be connected to the three regional systems discussed ^bove".
•
However, most of the plants are small, widely scattered operations with unknown
adequacy of treatment or waste magnitude. There are also 16 dairy facilities
with spatial distribution similar to the meat packing facilities.
There are at least 27 significant livestock feeding and/or holding facili-
ties in the valley with many more small feedlots. As discussed in a later sec-
tion, the water quality impact of such pollution sources is not well defined.
Of the remaining 46 potential waste sources, it is probable that a major-
ity is on a regional treatment system or has no significant discharges. Only
one major source, the J. R. Simplot Co. food processing plant west of Caldwell,
is known to have a discharge. The adequacy of treatment at this source is un-
knov;n. It is apparent that a complete source inventory of this area is needed
to define which sources are on regional systems and the present status of treat-
•i
ment at other sources.
An investigation of the effects of infiltration and industrial waste over-
loads on treatment efficiencies and downstream water quality impacts at Caldwell
and Nampa is needed, also.
Emme11 Service Area
This it. a small service area on the Payette River 30 miles upstream from
Payette and the Snake River. Municipal wastes from Emir.ett are treated in lagoons
-------
VI-47
Potential
TABLE VI-10
Industrial Haste Sources - Boise Service Area
Industry
Name
Steve Regan Co.
VanUaters 6 Rogers
Aidape Mobile
Butchering
Lamert's Mobile
Butchering
Main Quickfreeze
& Mobile Butchering
Oregon Portland
Cement Co.
American Chemical
Supply Co.
Sim-Chem
Div. J. R. Bimplot
Smith & Ardussi
Techni-Chem
'•-Capital Concrete
Wallace Cements &
Sons Concrete Co.
1 .Consolidated Concrete
^ Co.
Morrison-Knudsen
Ready Mix Div,
Concrete
Industry
Type
Address
Status
Boise
Agr. Chem. 5115 Gage
Agr. Chem. 3430 Americana Ter.
Butchering 604 Main
Butchering
Butchering
Cement-W'salc
& Manufacturers
Chemicals
Chemicals
Chemicals
W'sale & Mfr
3770 N. Five Mile Road
604 Main
1410 Borah
616 Front
Siinco
Bank of Idaho
Bldg
Chemicals 3604 Front
Concrete-Rdy Mixed 2502 S. Owyhee
Concrete-Rdy Mixed 821 S. 13th
Sand ft Gravel
Concrete-Rdy Mixed 625 N. 31st
Sand & Gravel
Concrete-Rdy Mixed Division & Beacon
Concrctc-Rdy Mixed Hiuay 44
Sand & Gravel
Buchanan's Dairy
Dairies
8011 UsLick Hoad
-------
VI-49
Potential
TABLE VI-10 (Continued)
Industrial Waste Sources - Boise Service Area
Industry
Name
Jolley Butchers
Van's Packing Plant
Davis Packing Co.
Pacific- Cold Storage
Lockers
Bonus Photo Processing
(Film Service Corp)
Gem State Photo Inc.
Anderson Buick-Opol-
Jeep
Idaho Electroplating
Service
Wallace Plating Co.
Asphalt Paving &
Construction Co.
Boise Sand & Gravel
M C II Inc.
Nelson Sand &
Gravel Co. Inc.
Quinn-Robbins Co.
Inc.
Snelling & Sons
Well Drilling
Stafford Excavation
& Demolition
Industry
Type
Address
Boise (Continued)
Meat Packers 5529 Overland Road
Meat Packers
Meat-W'sale
Photo Finishing-
Wholesale
Photo Finishing-
Wholesale
Plating
Plating
Plating
Sand & Gravel
Sand 6 Gravel
Sand & Gravel
Sand & Gravel
Sand & Gravel
Sand & Gravel
Sand & Gravel
717 Stilson Road
Meat Packers West of Boise
Meat-Wholesale 101 S. 23rd
3009 Woodla^m
1025 Main
601 S. Capitol Blvd
2518 Main
3235 Chinden Blvd
3206 Pleasanton Ave.
3206 Pleasanton Ave.
5033 West State
4301 Federal Wy
703 Americana Blvd
6212 V/est State
1904 Overland Road
Status
-------
VI-50
Potential
TABLE VI-10 (Continued)
Industrial Waste Sources - Boise Service Area
Industry
Name
Steigcr Construction
Idaho Trout
Processors Co.
Rim View Trout
Farm Inc.
Feed Service Inc.
Wasatch Chemical Co.
Wilbur-Ellis Co.
American Oil Farm
& Home Service
Niagara Chemical Div,
FMC Corporation
Idaho Concrete Pipe
Co. Inc.
Dairymen's
Creamery Assn Inc.
Home Dairies Co.
Sun Ray Drive-In
Dairy & Bakery
American Oil Farm
& Home Service
Industry
Type
Address
Boise (Continued)
Sand & Gravel 821 Clover Drive
Trout Farms 1220 Vista Avenue
Trout Farms
2903 W. Idaho
Caldvell
Agr. Chem.
Fert. Sers.
East Hiway 20
Agr. Chem. 915 Main
Fertilizers-Mer.
Agr. Chem.
Agr. Chem.
Fert. Dealers
Agr. Chem.
VSimplot Soilbuilders Agr. Chera.
211 N. Airport Ave.
Paynter & Aven Ave,
704 U. Aven Ave.
West of Caldwell
Concrete-Rdy Mixed West of Caldv/ell
Sand & Gravel
Dairy Products - 520 Albany
Wholesale
Dairies
Dairies
Franklin Lane
4th Ave. & Blaine
Fertilizers-Dlrs Paynter & Aven Ave.
Status
Feed Service Inc.
Fertilizers-Dlrs E. Hiway 20
-------
VI-51
TABLE VI-10 (Continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Boise Service Area
Industry
Name
Cooperative Oil Assn
J. R. Simplot Co.
VJasatch Chemical Co.
Wilbur-Ellis Co.
0 K Livestock
Treasure Valley
Livestock Auction Co,
ION Cattle Co.
Feed Yard
Western States
Cattle Co.
Jacobson Feed Lots
Lake Lowell Feeder Co.
Richardson Feed Lot
Inc.
Greenleaf Pack &
Freeze
Idaho Meat Packers
Johnston Bros
Custom Slaughtering
Coiainco American
Industry
Type
Address
Caldwell (Continued)
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Food Processing
423 Main
West of Caldvell
Insecticides-W'sale 915 Main
& Manufacturers
Insecticides-U'sale 211 N. Airport Ave.
& Manufacturers
Livestock Auction
Markets
21st Ave. & Railroad
Livestock Auction 1900 E. Chicago
Markets
Livestock Buyers
Livestock Buyers
116 S 7 Ave.
Middleton
Notus
Livestock Feeding 21st Ave. & Railroad
Livestock Feeding South of Caldwell
Livestock Feeding West of Caldwell
Meat Packers
Meat Packers
Meat Packers
Greenleaf
1602 Chicago
West of Caldvell
Naropa
Agr. Chem.
Fert.-Dlrs
416 1st St. S.
Status
*J?M
-------
VI-52
TABLE VI-10 (Continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Boise Service Area
Industry
Name
Kellogg Mills
Idaho Animal
Products Co.
0 K Lockers Mobile
Butchering Service
Nampa Custom Cannery
Shields Seed Co.
'
- Ready Mix
Idaho Concrete Pipe
. Inc.
Home Dairies
Sun Ray Drive -In
Dairy & Bakery Inc.
Triangle Dairy
US Steel Farm
Service Center
Producers Supply
Co-Op Inc.
NH3 Fertilizer &
Equipment Co.
(Shell Farm Serv.)
s Eye Div. of
Gen'l Food Corp
World V.'Lde Foods Inc.
Kager. & Son Inc.
Industry
Type
Address
Nampa (Continued)
Agr. Chem. 104 6th Ave. S.
N. Sugar Avenue
Animal Carcass
Removal
Butchering
Canners
Chemicals
Fert.-Dlrs.
West Flamingo Ave.
Central Midland Blvd
16 18th Ave. S.
Dairies
Dairies
424 12th Ave. Road
923 12th Ave. Rd.
Dairies 11 Canyon
Fertilizers-Dlrs Karcher Rd.
Fertilizers-Dlrs Hiway 30 West
Fertilizers-Dlrs 2616 2 St. S Ext
Food Processing
City Acre
Food Processing 428 1st St. S.
Livestock Buyers Middleton Road
Status
Concrete-Rdy Mixed " East of Nampa *
Concrete-Rdy Mixed 222 Nampa-Caldvjell *
-------
53
TABLE VI-10 (Continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Boise Service Area
Industry
Name
McGreggor Feed Lots
R & S Bargain Ranch
Seal Bros Livestock
Ralph Little Feed
Lots
Lone Star Cattle
Co. Inc.
Pitman & Baker
''/Armour & Co.
H. H. Keim C. Ltd.
ip,a Packing to.
C ft J Custom
Slaughtering
Greenfield Packing
Hillcrest Packing Co.
Guy's Market
H & M Food Service
Idaho Potato Div.,
*: Western Farmers Assn
World Uide Potato
Processing —
World Wide Foods Inc.
Industry
Type
Address
Status
Nampa (Continued)
Livestock Buyers North Side Blvd
Livestock Buyers North of Nampa
Livestock Buyers North of Nampa
Livestock Feeding West of Nampa
Livestock Feeding Lone Star Road
Livestock Feeding East of Nampa
Meat Packers
Meat Packers
Heat Packers
Meat Wholesale
Meat Packers
Meat Packers
Meat Packers
Meat-Retail
"meat custom cut"
Meat-Retail &
W'sale
"custom butchering"
East of Nampa *
Northwest of Nampa
909 Lake Lowell Ave. *
Firport Road
Amity Road
East of Nampa
1239 Canyon
1211 9th St. S.
Potatoes-Processed Nampa-Caldwell Blvd
M
Potatoes
428 1st St. S.
-------
VI-54
Potential
TABLE VI-10 (Continued)
Industrial Waste Sources - Boise Service Area
Industry
Name
Bowman Sand & Gravel
Co.
Nampa Rock & Sand
Strang Sand & Gravel
G. Wright Construction
Co.
Nampa Livestock
Market Inc.
^Amalgamated Sugar Co.
Idaho, State of
\ftfoi.se Valley
Packing Co.
Double R Cattle Co.
Flying W Ranch
Ci/Cy Transfer
X*Ready-Mix Inc.
Emmett Dairy
Emmett Valley Fruits
Inc.
Emmett Livestock
Commission Co.
Gem Island Cattle Co.
Holstean Heifer
Ranch Feed Lot Inc.
Industry
Type
Address
Nampa (Continued)
Sand & Gravel S. Midland Blvd
Sand & Gravel
Sand & Gravel
Sand & Gravel
Stock Yards
Lone Star Road
•
East of Nampa
Hiway 30 East
2 St. S Ext
Sugar Refiners Northwest of Nampa
Eagle
Eagle
Eagle Fish
Hatchery
Meat Packers
Meat-W'sale
Eagle
Livestock Feeding Star
Livestock Feeding Star
Emmett
Concrete-Rdy Mixed 120 E. Park
Sand & Gravel
Dairies
Fertilizers-Dlrs
109 East 4th
220 East Park
Status
Livestock Auction Southwest of Emmett
Livestock Buyers East Main
Livestock Feeding Northwest of Emmett
-------
VI-55
Potential
TABLE VI-10 (Continued)
Industrial Waste Sources - Boise Service Area
Indus try
Name
Highland Livestock
& Land Co.
High Boy Heats
Emmett Heat Co.
Shamrock Market
nte Sand Co.
Stone Chemical Co.
Co-operative Oil Assn
J. C. Watson Co.
Keller Feed Lots Inc.
JQriyhee Meat ^Packers
Simplot Soilbuilders
Kaiser Cement
Order Dept &
Terminal
Bailey's Kim-Ko Inc.
Carroll's Dairy
Dairymen's Creamery
Assn Inc.
Industry
Type
Address
Status
Emmett (Continued)
Livestock Producers 210 West Main
Meat Packers
Meat - Retail
Meat - Retail
"custom-cutting"
Sand & Gravel
Homedalc
Chemicals
Fert.-Dlrs
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Fertilizers-Dlrs
"& insecticides"
Livestock Feeding
Meat Packers
Meridian
Agr. Chem.
Fert.-Dlrs
Cement-W1sale
& Manufacturers
Chemicals
Dairy Products-
Wholesale
Diary Products
Wholesale
711 Williams Road
West 6th
North of Emmett
West of Emmett
Homedale
Homedale
Homedale (SE)
Northeast of Homedale
Southeast of Homedale
360 East Bower
510 E. Bower Avc.
E. Hiway 30
Northwest of Meridian
37 E. Broadway Ave.
-------
VI-56
TABLE VI-10 (Continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Boise Service Area
Indus try
Name
Siraplot Soilbuilders
Cooperative Oil Assn
Zamzow's Inc.
Meridian Sales Yard
Mosher, Dwight
Meridian Meat Packers'
Meridian Meats &
Sausage Specialties
Paul's Clover Farm
A Black Cat Sand &
Gravel Inc.
ADA Sond & Gravel Inc,
Concrete Ready Mix Co.
Davis Packing Co.
Simplot Soilbuilders
Inland Chemical Co.
Simplot Soilbuilders
Industry
Type
Address
Meridian (Continued)
Fertilizers-Dlrs 360 E. Bower
Fertilizers-Dlrs
Fertilizers-Dlrs
E. Bower
611 E. 1st
Livestock Auction 615 East Bower
Markets
Livestock Buyers West Pine Ave.
Meat Packers
Meat Packers
North of Meridian
119 E. Bower Ave.
Meat-Retail 834 East 2nd
"custom meat cutting"
Sand & Gravel
Black Cat Road
Status
Sand & Gravel 1 4 mi S. of Freeway
Kuna Hiway
Garden City
Concrete-Rdy Mixed Hiway 20 West
Sand & Gravel
Meat Packers West of Garden City *
Wilder
Agr. Chem. Wilder
Agr. Chem. Wilder
Agr. Chem. Wilder
* Source listed in STOKET Industrial Inventory
# Known waste discharge
M Major waste source
-------
VI-57
TABLE VI-10 (Continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Boise Service Area
Industry Industry
Name Type Address Status
Wilder (Continued)
Treasure Valley Fertilizers-Dlrs Hiv;ay 20-26 East
Farm Sales Parma
US Steel Farm Fertilizers-Dlrs East of Wilder
Service Center
Choteau Cattle Co. Livestock^Feeding Arena Valley
Johnson-Falen Livestock Feeding West of Wilder
Cattle Feeders
-------
VI-58
Only one industry, the small Stokely Van Camp food processing plant, is known
to have a waste discharge in this area. The area was not visitad and a phone
directory listing was not compiled. This area could probably be eliminated
from an intensive field investigation.
Ontario Service Area
This service area is situated on the Oregon-Idaho border between the moul'h
of the Boise River and Brownlee Reservoir. Pollution sources in this area im-
pact water quality in the Snake River and, in combination with residual wastes
from the Boise River, degrade water quality in Brownlee Reservoir. Since the
Snake River is the boundary between Oregon and Idaho in this area, all poilu-
•
tion has interstate implications.
With the exception of Payette and Weiser, which have primary treatment
plants, municipal sources are believed to provide adequate treatment (see
Table VI-2).
Of the 61 potential industrial waste sources identified in this service
area (see Table VI-11), eleven are associated with agricultural chemicals or
fertilizers, nine are meat packing facilities, 13 are livestock feeding or hold-
ing operations and 10 are food processing plants. The magnitude of waste dis-
charges and adequacy of treatment for most of these sources is unknown.
Two major waste sources, Amalgamated Sugar Company's refinery at Nyssa and
Ore-Ida Foods, Inc. food processing plant at Ontario, are located in this
service area. The adequacy of present treatment facilities is unknown.
It is apparent that a waste source survey is needed in this area to fully
define waste loads and treatment provided. An intensive water quality survey
is also needed to evaluate the extent of interstate pollution and to document
the sources of water quality degradation in Brownlee Reservoir.
-------
VI-59
Potential
Industry
Name
Andrews Seed &
Fertilizer Co.
Simplot Soilbuilders
Home Dairies of
Oregon Inc.
Pacific Supply
Cooperative
Warehouse
Flynn's Sand & Gravel
^Products
RTF Concrete Co.
Meadow Gold Dairies
Coininco American
TABLE VI-11
Industrial Waste Sources - Ontario Service Area
Industry
pre^I
Ida Foods Inc.
Ontario, Livestock
Commission Co.
Silver Falls Packing
Co. Feed Lot
Delta Feeders
Boston's Beef House
£ct Packing Co.
Ontario
Agr. Chera.
Agr. Chem.
Cheese
Dairies
Chemicals
Address
580 S. Oregon
301 SE 1st
65 SU 5 Ave.
95 SE 8 Ave.
Dairy Products-
Wholesale
Fertilizers-
Wholesale
& Manufacturers
Frozen Foods -
Processors
256 NE 2 Ave.
1431 SE 1st
175 NE 6 Ave.
Livestock Auction 1750 SW 4
Markets
Livestock Buyers 1831 SE 2
Livestock Feeding Ontario
Heat Packers 1515 SE 2
Meat Packers Ontario
Status
Concrete-Rdy llixed 2875 Goodcll Lane *
Concrete-Rdy Mixed 1551 N. Oregon
*//M
-------
VI -60
Potential
TABLE VI-11 (Continued)
Industrial Waste Sources - Ontario Service Area
Industry
Name
Western Packing Co.
Jefferies Harry
Sand ft Gravel
Ontario Livestock
Commission Co.
s>-American Fine Foods
\W Inc.
Dairymen's Creamery
Assn Inc.
Payette Cider &
Vinegar Co.
J. R. Simplot Onion
Processing Plant
Anderson Cattle Co.
B & B Feed Lot
Givens Livestock Co.
£3- & Daviec Inc.
Idaho Animal
Products Co.
Donoho Sand & Gravel
Simplot Soilbuilders
Feed Service Inc.
Industry
Type
Address
Ontario (Continued)
Meat Packers 32 Valley Lane
Sand & Gravel Ontario
Stock Yards
1750 SW 4
Payette
Canners
Dairy Products -
Wholesale
Food Processing
25 N. 6th
619 1 Ave. S.
201 S. 6th
Food Processing 237 10 Ave. N.
Livestock Feeding Little Willow
Livestock Feeding SE of Payette
Livestock Feeding SE of Payette
Meat Packers 6 Ave. S.
Rendering Companies N. 9 St. Ext
Sand & Gravel S. Park
Nyssa
Agr. Chem. 1 Walnut Avenue
Agr. Chem. E. Gem Avenue
Status
-------
VI-61
TABLE VI-11 (Continued)
Potential Industrial Waste Sources - Ontario Service Area
Industry
Name
Industry
Type
Address
Status
American Fine Foods Inc. Canners
Food Processing
Nyssa (Continued)
Northeast of Nyssa
Oregon Concrete
Products
Cominco American Inc.
Munn Feed Lot Inc.
Hopkins Wholesale
Meat
Concrete-Rdy liixed Nyssa
Fertilizers- 328 S. 1st
VI'sale & Mfr
Livestock Feeding Mitchell Butte Road
Meat Packers
Bartron Earl Sand & Gravel
Excavating Contractor
Nyssa
1102 Park Avenue
Fruitland
Occidental Chemical Co. Agr. Chem.
Allen's Custom
Cannery
Canners
Food Processing
Fruitland Canning Assn Canners
Food Processing
Frozen Foods
Processors
Canners
Food Processing
Canners
Iowa Avenue
E. of Snake River
Bridge
Colo
American Fine Foods
Inc.
Top Canning Inc.
Occidental Chemical Co. Insecticides-
Wholesale & Mfr
Penguin Lockers
Simpl ot. Soilbuilders
Meat Packers
Vale
Agr. Chein.
North of New Plyicouth
432 W. Blvd
Iowa Ave.
Fruitland
213 Oregon St. E.
Vale Livestock Auction Livestock Auction 670 12 St. N.
Markets
-------
VI-62
Potential
TABLE VI-11 (Continued)
Industrial Waste Sources - Ontario Shrvice Area
Industry
Name
Russell Land &
Livestock
Pack
Simplot-Soilbuildcrs
Petty Ready Mix
0
Home Dairies of Weiser
Lewis Berry Inc.
Weiser Livestock
Commission Co.
Virgil Sweet
Livestock
101 Feedlot Co.
Shuck's Freezer Meats
Ron's Meat Service
C.& W Sand & Gravel
Donoho Sand & Gravel
Industry
Type
Address
Vale (Coiitinued)
Livestock Feeding 431 15 th St. N.
Meat Packers Vale
Weiser
Agr. Chem. 243 W. Coml
Concrete-Rdy Mixed 747 E. Coml
Dairies
Frozen Foods-
Processors
Pioneer Raod
Sunnyside
Livestock Auction VJest Railroad
Markets
Livestock Buyers 430 State
Livestock Feeding Sunnyside
Meat-Retail W. 7 & Pioneer Rd.
"mobile butchering..."
Meat-Retail Mann Creek
"mobile butchering..."
Sand & Gravel
Sand & Gravel
H. Weiser Flat
E. 12 & River
Status
* Source listed in STORET Industrial Inventory
# Known waste discharge
M Major waste source
-------
VI-63
B. AGRICULTURAL SOURCES
Irrigation Return Flows
Irrigation return flows are sources of suspended sediments, pesticides,
nutrients, organic materials, and dissolved solids. These pollutants are
•
carried from irrigated lands back into watercourses. Also, return flows are
usually a higher temperature than streams. In extensive irrigated areas, the
volumes of these return flows are large and significant water quality degrada-
tion may result in streams which have been depleted by diversion and consump-
tive use of water for irrigation.
Return flows are usually diffuse, entering streams by numerous surface
e
and subsurface routes. For this reason, such pollution sources are difficult
to quantify. The water quality impact on receiving streams can readily be
evaluated but specific sources may not be identifiable.
It is probable that irrigation return flows contribute to the entrophic
conditions found in much of the Basin. Any nutrient investigations should
give consideration to agricultural sources.
With the exception of a few possible industrial sources and surface runoff
from lawns and gardens in urban areas, most of the pesticides present in Basin
watercourses probably originated from agricultural areas. Irrigation return
flows are a prime means for transporting pesticides into the streams. There
is some evidence that pesticide concentrations in certain areas of the Basin
may be significant. A reconnaissance survey is needed to evaluate the potential
presence of a pesticide problem. Potential problem areas which receive sub-
stantial irrigation return flows include American Falls Reservoir, Lake Milncr,
the Snake River in the Twin Falls vicinity, the Boise River, and the Snake River
in the Ontario vicinity. Since pesticides may be attached to sediments in
-------
VI-64
return flows or turbid streams, a survey should also include examination of
bottom sediments.
Feedlots
It is estimated that there are more than 800,000 head of cattle concen-
trated in the river valleys of the study area. Many of these animals are
crowded into feedlots or holding pens in close proximity to various water-
courses. A total of 80 livestock feedlots or markets (which normally have
sizeable holding pens) were listed, in phone directories for the study area.
These livestock facilities are listed in the tables of potential industrial
waste sources discussed above. It is probable that there are numerous other
sizeable livestock facilities not listed in the phone directories. It is also
apparent that the many small feedlots scattered through the agricultural areas
collectively pose a significant pollution source. Areas with large feedlot
concentrations include the Burley, Twin Falls, and Ontario service areas and
the Boise River valley.
Drainage from feedlots contains organic materials, nutrients and bacteria.
Such drainage can thus be a significant source of BCD and bacterial contamina-
tion and can contribute to the eutrophic conditions of Basin streams.
Idaho's water quality standards prohibit allowing accumulations of manure
in proximity to watercourses in such a manner that surface runoff or drainage
may carry materials into State waters. In spite of this requirement, numerous
feedlots ve^e observed on the banks of streams where the cattle have direct ac-
cess to the water or where drainage from pens was piped directly into waterways,
Large feedlots adjacent to the Amalgamated Sugar Company refinery at Paul and
the J. R. Simplot Co. food processing plant at Caldwell were examples of the
latter type of drainage violation.
-------
VI-65
Available bacteriological data are primarily total coliform concentrations
v/hich do not distinguish between animal contamination. A comprehensive bacte-
riological survey during wet weather periods, using additional bacterial \ndi-
cators such as fecal coliform and fecal streptococcus concentrations, is needed
to evaluate the significance of bacterial and other pollution from feedlots.
C. NATURAL SOURCES
Natural sources contribute sediments, dissolved solids, nitrates and phos-
phates which alone or together with man-made contributions create undesirable
water quality conditions. The contributions of nitrates and phosphates are
perhaps of the most concern.
Natural phosphate-bearing earths are found in the drainages of the Portneuf
0
and Blackfoot rivers southeast of Pocatelio. Blackfoot Reservoir is located on
top of one outcrop of these phosphate materials. As a result, the reservoir and
river are fouled with aquatic growths during warm months. The Blackfoot River
contributes a significant phosphate load to American Falls Reservoir.
A number of springs contribute phosphates to the Portneuf River. This
stream also receives a large phosphate load from the phosphate plants at Poca-
cello. A major portion of the phosphate load carried by the Upper Snake River
at American Falls Reservoir originates in the Portneuf River drainage area.
Available data on phosphate concentrations in waters of the Upper Basin
are very limited. Ati intensive survey of phosphate loads entering American
Falls Reservoir is needed to define the sources of phosphates and to evaluate
the loads contributed by man-made sources such as the J. R. Simplot Co. and
FMC Corporation plants at Pocatelio. Control of phosphate sources could po~
tenui-illy achieve a substantial reduction in algal growths in American Falls
Rer. srvo: r.
-------
VI-66
Available data on nitrate concentrations are also limited. Nitrates are
high below the Thousand Springs area, suggesting that groundwater inflow may
be a major source of nitrates. As in the case of phosphates, the relative
magnitude of natural and man-made sources of nitrates is unknown.
-------
APPENDIX A
IDAHO WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
FOR INTERSTATE STREAMS
JUNE 1967
-------
F0~;
STAui>ARDS Or WATS?. QUALITY FOR IKS
IKTEilSTAT" l.:Ait:?.S. 0? IDAHO
AND DISPOSAL i.T.SRSIi:- OF SF//AG2 A>:D INDUSTRIAL PASTES
-\ .-VV\.
.-. \ .-• • > ••-. \
- '*•- -.X
IDAHO SV/.TF: i:OA';D 0?
-------
Adopt.-:? by Lh£= !,a»rd of S-sslth of the Stcts
of Id.-i.o .VJI-C-J'TI:: tj ths JuLhoricy £r«i.itod' to Lh-i
Bo^vc! in f,:-ctic.is 3-112 ti-.r '
Idr.ho Ci-.-'i.
" / ^ '? •'^"'1 f .-
Attest. ,O:'.— • ' -:f.i{ J / : _i-., 1 - S-~J.
Vs. i' - o 1 3* "b . 3 -i r\- ; r , : 1 . 3 .
Sesr-.C^ry, SoarJ =5 Hos
of rh: StFf-e cu I.Jc'.io
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Definitions
Policies of the State Board of Health
Restrictions en the Discharge of Sewage and Industrial Wastes
and Human Activities vhich Affect: Water Quality in Lhe
Waters cf the State .................................................. 2
Maintenance of Standards of Quality .................................... 3
General Water Quality Standards for Interstate Streams ................. 3
Water Quality Standards for Public Waters of the Bear River,
Bear Lake, Cub River, i.'cnn- Creek and the llalad River ................. 5
Vjfj ';<•,
Water Quality Standards for Public Waters of the Main Stem of
the Snake River from the Wyoming-Idaho Border (River Mile 918)
to the Oregon-Idaho Border (River Mile 407) ; North Fork Teton
River; Henry's Fork fro:n Junction with Falls River to the Snake
River; Raft River; Goose Creek; Salmon Falls Cryek;
River and the Bruneau River ......................... n-.V.'. I ..'
V, r Quality Standards for Public Waters of the Main Stem of the
Snake River from the Oregon-Idaho Border (River liile 407) to
the Hells Canyon Dar,i (River Mile 247) ........................
Water Quality Standards for Public Waters of tha }!ain Sten of the
Snake River from the Hells Canyon Dan (River Jlile ?47) to the
Interstate Line at Lewistcn, Idaho (River Mile 139) and the
Palouse River '
Water Quality Standards for Public Waters of the Kootenai, Clark
Fork, Moyic, Coeur d'Alcne, Priest and Spokane Rivers 8
Water Quality Standards for Public Waters of the Pend Oreille
River, Pend Oreille Lake, Priest Lake and Coeur d'Alcne Lake 8
Appendix ] - Laboratory Tests and Procedures 9
Appendix 2 - Beneficial Uses of Interstate Streams 10
-------
DEFINITIONS
The following definitions shall apply to the interpretation and the enforce-
mei >f these regulations:
"Sewage" means the water-carried human or animal waste from residences, build-
ings, industrial establishments or other places together with such ground water
infiltration and surface water as ray be present. The admixture with sewage as.
above defined of industrial wastes cr wastes, as defined in the following para-
graphs 2 and 2, shall also be considered "sewage."
"Industrial waste" means any liquid, gasecus, radioactive or solid waste sub-
stance or a combination thereof resulting from any process of industry, nvinufac Curing,
trade or business, or from the development or recovery of any natural resources.
"Wastes" reans sewage, industrial wastes, and all other liquid, gaseous, solid,
radioactive or other substances which will or r.?.y cause pollution or tend to cause
pollution of the public waters of the state.
''Pollution." means such contamination or other alteration of the physical, chem-
ical or biological properties of the public waters of the state, including change in
temperature, taste,. color, turbidity or odor of the waters, or such discharge of any-
liquid, gaseous, solid, radioactive or other substance into the voters of the stcte
•
v'e«~ns the distance in miles a specified location is fiom the ncuth
cf "l-c stream.
-1-
-------
1. POLICIES OF THE STATE BOARD OF HEALTH^
A. INTERSTATE COMPACTS, COURT DECREES AND ADJUDICATED WATER RIGHTS
Jt shall be the policy of the State Board of Health that the adop-
tion of water quality standards for interstate streams and the enforce-
ment of such standards is not intended to conflict with the apportion-
ment of water to the State of Idaho through any of the interstate
compacts or court decrees or to interfere with the rights of Idaho
appropriators in the utilization of the v;ater appropriations which have
been granted to them under the statutory procedure or water quality
criteria established by mutual agreement of the participants in inter-
state water pollution control enforcement procedures.
B. HIGHEST AND BEST PRACTICABLE TREATI^T A1ID CONTROL REQUIRED
It shall be the policy of the State Board of Health that, notwith-
•
standing the water quality standards contained herein, where a higher
standard can be achieved, the highest and best practicable treatment
•
and/or control of wastes, activities and flows shall be provided so as
to maintain dissolved oxygen at the highest desirable levels and overall
vater quality as good as possible, and vater temperatures, coliforin bac-
teria concentrations, dissolved chemical substances, toxic materials,
radioactivity, turbidities, color, odor and other deleterious factors at
the lowest desirable levels. Such policy to apply not only to existing
vaste sources but to future waste sources as they may develop and for
such other interstate streams not listed herein.
2. RESTRICTIONS 01,' THE DJSCilAKGE OF SC'.'AGF, A1ID IT.TNJSTSIIAL BASTES AND HUMAN
•
ACTIVITIES WHICH AFFECT WATER QUALITY IN THE WATERS OF THE STATE
Ho wastes shall be discharged and no activities shall be conducted in
such a way that said wastes or activities either alone or in combination with
other wastes or activities will violate or can reasonably be expected to
-------
violate the water quality standards contained herein.
3. MAINTENANCE OF STANDARDS OF QUALITY
A, The decree of sewage or waste treatnent required to restore and maintain
the standards of quality shall be determined in each instance by the
State Board of Health and shall be based upon the followins:
(1) The uses which are or may likely be made of the receiving stream.
(2) The size and nature of flow of the receiving stream.
(3) The quantity f.nd quality of the sewage or wastes to be treated,
(A) The presence or absence of other sources of pollution on the
same vatershed.
B. The water quality standards are subject to revision (follo:.'ing public
hearings and concurrence of the U. S. Secretary of Interior in the
case of interstate streams) as technical c!ata. surveillance programs,
and technological advances make such revisions desirable.
C. For purposes of enforcement of these standards, sampling will be done
at a point where these standards can be evaluated, except for areas
immediately adjacent to outfalls. Cognizance will be given to the
• • " •
opportunity for admixture of waste effluents vith receiving waters.
D. Tests or analytical procedures to determine compliance with standards
•will, insofar as practicable and applicable, be ma
-------
GENERAL WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR INTERSTATE STREAMS
7 following General V.'ater Quality Standards shall apply to all interstate
waters of the state in addition to the water quality standards set forth
herein for the various specified and unspecified interstate waters of the
state. _Interstate waters shall not contain:
A. Toxic chemicals of other than natural origin in concentrations found
to be of public health significance or adversely affect the use
indicated.* -(-See-Appendix-2*)-
B. Deleterious substances of other than natural origin in concentrations
that cause tainting of edible species or tastes and odors to be
imparted to drinking water supplies.
C. Radioactive materials of other than natural origin shall not be
* " " 0
present in any amount which reflects failure in any c?se to apply
all controls which are physically and economically feasible. In
no case shall such ipatcrials exceed the limits established in the
1962 U. S. Public Health Service Drinking Water Standards.
D. Floating or submerged matter not attributable to natural causes.
E. Excess nutrients of other than natural origin that cause visible
slime growths or other nuisance rquatic growths.
F. Visible concentrations of oil, sludge deposits, scum, foam or other
wastes that may adversely affect the use indicated.
G. Objectionable turbidity which can be traced to a point source.
•
*Gul(tc£. such as the Water Quality Criteria, published by the State of California
rfaler Quality Centrol Board (Second Edition, 1963) will be used in evaluating
the tolcr.'jnccr. of the various toxic chemicals for the use indicated.
-ft-
-------
WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR PUBLIC WATERS O.F THE HEAR RIVER, BEAR LAKE, CUB RIVER,
v.totf
JWOHM CREEK AND THE MALAD RIVER
1. Ko wastes shall be discharged and no activities shall be conducted which either
alone or in combination with other wastes or activities will cause in these
waters:
A. Organises p_E the Colifom Group whore Associated with Fecal Sources (KPH,
equivalent KF or appropriate test using a representative number cf samples)
Average concentrations o'f coliform bacteria to exceed 1,000 per 100
millilitcrs.with 20 per cent of. samples net to exceed 2/.00 per 100 nilliliters
B. Mssclvco Oxv^en (DO;
DO to be less than 75 per cent of saturation at seasonal low cr less
than 100 per cent saturation in spawning areas during spawning, hatching,
and fry stages of salmonid fishes.
C. }lydrc>.on_ Tsn_ Conccntr.ition (pH)
pi! values to be ^outside the range of 7.0 to 8.5. Induced variation not
i
to be more than 0.5 pH unit-
D. Temperature
Any measurable increase when stream temperatures are 6S°F. or above,
or more than 2°F. increase when stream temperatures are 66CF. cr less.
»
WATER QUALITY STANDARDS 1-0?. PUBLIC WATERS OF THE 11A1N STEM CF THE SNAKE RIVER FROM
*
THE WYOMING-IDAHO BORDER (RIVER MILE 918) TO THE OREGON-IDAHO BORDER (RIVER MILE 407) ;
NORTH FORK TETCN RIVER; HENRY'S FORK FROM JUNCTION WITH FALLS RIVER TO THE S^.i'JS
•3Ttrf.vi&~i=
RIVER; RAFT RTV.-R; GODSE CREEK; SALMON FALLS CRUEK; JARBR-IDSE RIVER AND THE FRUNEAU
RIVFR.
1. No wastes shall.be discharged and no activities shall be conducted which -cithar
alone or in ccmbinalion vith other wastes or activities will Cc-.usc In these waters:
A.
«quJv.ilenL 1!F or appropriate te.'.t using n representative number of sawplcs)
-5-
-------
Average concentrations of colifonn bacteria to exceed 1,000 per 100
milliliters.with 20 per cent of samples not to exceed 2,400 per 100 milli-
llters.
B. Dissolved Oxygon (DO)
DO to be less than 75 per cent of saturation at seasonal low or less
than 100 per cent saturation in spavming areas during spanning, hatching
and fry stages of sclmonid fishes.
Exception; Five parts per million at Milner Dam based on a minirura stream
flow of GOO cubic feet per second at this point.
C. Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pll)
pll values to be outside the range of 7.0 to 9.0. Induced variation
not to be more than 0.5 pH unit.
D. Tcn'pcra turc
Any measurable increase vhen strcan temperatures are 68°F. or above,
or more than 2°F. increase when ctrean temperatures are 66°F. or less.
HATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR PUBLIC UATCF.S 0? THE KA11I STEM OF THE SHAKE RIVER FROM
THE OREGON-IDAHO BORDER (RIVER MILE 407) TO THE HELLS CANYON DAM (UIVER MILE 247).
1. No wastes shall be discharged and no activities shall be conducted which either
alone or in combination with other wastes or activities will cause in these
vaters:
A- Orp.anisps of_ the. Colifom Group where Associated vi th Focal Sourer-s (IIPN,
equivalent IIP or appropriate test using a representative nirabcr of sanples)
Average concentrations of coiifocm bacLeria LO excf.ed 1,000 per 100 milli-
liters, with 20 por cent of samples not to exceed 2,400 per 100 mi ilililors.
•
B. T)issolved Oxyf.on (DO)
DO to be less than 75 per cent of saturation at seasonal lov? or
less than 100 per cent saturation in spawning, nrer,s during spawning,
-6-
-------
hatching, and Cry stages of salmonid fishes.
C. Hydrogen Ton Concentration (pH)
pH values to be outside the range of 7.0 to 9.0. Induced variation
not to be more than 0.5 pll unit.
D. Temperature
Any measurable increase when stream temperatures are 70°F. or above,
or more than 2°F. increase when river temperatures are 68°F. or less.
WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR PUBLIC WATERS OF THE VAIll STEM OF THE SHAKE RIVCR FROM THE
HULLS .CANYOH DAM (RIVER. MILE 247) TO THE INTERSTATE LINE AT LEWISTON, IDArfO (UIVER
j\ A
MILE 139) AND THE PALOJJSE KJ\LER_.l" *T-
1. No wastes shall be discharged and no activities shall be conducted which either
nlone or in combination \.-ith other wastes or activities \;ill cause in these
vatcrs:
A • ^£ti£J}i^;:15. £L ,L-l'r. CoHfom Group vhore Associated wic'n Fecal Sources (iIPrl,
equivalent ?rF or appropriate test using a representative number of. samples)
Average concentration of coliform bacteria to exceed 3^000 per 100 rr.il li-
liters, with 20 per cent of samples not to exceed ^/.OO per 100 rnilliliters.
Except ion: Average concentration of. coliform bacteria to exceed 2£0 per 100
millilitcrs for the lower Snake River (River Mile 170-139) and the Fa louse
River.
B. 1J is solved P_x^/;£n. (DO)
DO to be less than 75 per cent saturation at seasonal low or less than
100 per cent saturation in spavnine areas during spa\-ning, hat.chi.ng> and
fry stages o£ salmonid fishes.
C. Hydror/-n Ton Cone en trr tion (r-H)
pll vnluss to be outside the range of 7.0 to 9.0. Induced variation
not Lo be irorc tlnn 0.5 pH unit.
U. Tciujir: rn t u re
-7 -
-------
Any measurable increase when stream t^pcratures are'66°F. or above.
or more than 2°F. Increase when river temperatures are 66°F. or less.
WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR PUBUC INTERS OF ME KOOTEHAl', CLARK K**. j6^>
COEUR D'ALEKE, PRIEST AND^SPOJJANE RIVERS
!. Ho wastes shaU be discharged and no activities shall be conducted which either
.ion. or in combination «ith other wastes or activities will cause in these
vaters:
A.
Bivalent HF or appropriate test usin8 a representative number of sables)
Average concentrations of l.Uton. bacteria to exceed 1,000 per 100
Dinners, with 20 per cent o£ sables not to exceed 2,400 per 100 .1111-
liters.
o,: Average concentration, of coltform bacteria to exceed 2,0 per
]00 williliwcs for the Spokane and I^oyie Rivers.
B. Dissolve^. OxMS-en. (]22^
BO to be less than 75 per cent of saturation at seasonal low or less
than 100 per cent saturation in spavnin5 areas durinS sP?.wninB, hatching
end fry stages of salrconid fishes.
•
C . llydrogcn "Ion Concejritrg tion (jVH)
PI1 values to be outside the ran£e of 6.5 to 8.0. Induced variation
not to be more than 0.5 pH vmit.
P. Temperature
,,y «,.»r«bl«, lner.«. vhen strean, temperatures are 68°F. or above.
or more than 2°F. increase when ctrea™ temperatures are 66°F. or less.
HATH QUALITY ST/.NDAMS V<« PUBLIC UATEP-S 07 THE TEND OF.F.ILLE RIV.R. PEND OREI..LE
1 "'E PRIEST 1AKE AKD COilUll D'ALCUi: LAKE
! '„. wastes .Mil be discharged and no activities shall be conducted which either
n,one or i« combination with other «.U. or activities .,11 cause in the... water,
-------
A.._ Organisms o£ the Coliform Croup whore Associfltcd^jwith Fecal Sources (MPH,
equivalent MF or appropriate test using a representative number of samples)
Average concentrations of coliform bacteria to exceed 240 per 100
milliliters along shore ] inc of lakes and 50 per 100 inilliliters in the
main body of the lake or stream.
B. • Dissolved O^y^cn (DO)
DO to be less than 75 per cent saturation at seasonal low or less than
100 per cent in spawning areas during spanning, hatching, and fry stages of
salmonid fishes.
C. Hydrogen Ton Cone entra Li on (r/H)
pH values to be outside the range of 6.5 to 8.0. Induced variation
not to be more than 0.5 pH unit.
D. Tempera turc
Any measurable increase when stream temperatures are 68 F. or above,
or more than 2°F. increase vhen river tqrcpcratures are 66 F. or less.
Appendix 1
LABORATORY TESTS AND PROCEDURES
Stan da id Methods for Lh2 ExaninaLion of_ Water and Was tcvn tor, Twelfth Edition,
1965, prepared and published jointly by American Public Health Association,
American Water Works Association, Water Pollution Control Federation.
-9
-------
BENEFICIAL USES TO BE PROTECTED
Anocndlx 2
Bear River, Cub River, Worm Creek, and
M-i'.nd River
HC.T I.r.ko
Hor.rv's Fork ar-d Nrrth Fork Toton River
S.i.ilie !\wer:
i'vcs-.jrf, Sorrier to A:ne:ifan Falls Reservoir
^T? rif.-iiLZLill? J19J5? r- r-.:F_ '•r-i'Pts.? T1"11!. ,
51-M'er"" jn co Molls i*aiiyoa O.'iii
l^oli1. C.-^vcn l.'im to Levi«i^a
Rprt River, Goose cTtcc'x, Snir.ion talls> CrceTi7
''.Trlifiilpo Rivor. l-.runo.Tj River
P.- !ou«;e '.livor
i'cnd Oreillc Kivcr. Pond Oi-cille L>ake, Priest
L.ikc, Cocur d'Alenc Like
X.OOLC-.V.I. River, Clark I'ork River, Koyic
River, 1'riest Kivcr
Spokane i'.iver, Cocur d'Alenc River above
Sn.ivil le. ('»)
De-res tic
Un tor
Supply
X(l)
X
X
x
x
L X
X
._x
X
X
X
X
Industrial
Water
Supply
1 1
X
X
X
x
"•
x
__x
..? ;
? J
-
X
X
• x
Irrigation
X
X
X
X
X
V
A
f-
!v v
jl
Y
•*•
X
X
Livestock
Watering
A
X
x
X
x
X
X
L\p
•*
X
X
Salmon id
r'ish
Spawning
X(5)
X
X
X
V / 7V
^h V J '
.
X
A (5)
X
X
x^
Salncnid
Fish
Rearing
X
X
X
x'
.. X.
X
x
X
V
x
x
X
Othar Fishing &
Aquatic Life
X
X
X
X
:<
y
__x
X
X
X
X
X
c -<
•H l-l
1 1 i ^
c .^
S -r-l
sc r:
X
X
X
x
.-:
x
x
X
X
X
X
Water
Skiing and
Swintning
x.'?)
X
i-ro*
~~x
X-2)
"yV™
X(2)
Y
X
X
X
Pleasure
Beating
Xf2,
x
\'/2%
\/')>
jZII'I?
*
X
X
Aesthetic
Qualities
x
" '•- —
~ " ••^•^"^••^^^
«:
«c
*"" """"""
~x
X
X
(1) Domestic water supply for Bear River
(2) Water skiing and pleasure boating on reservoir portions of stream
(3) Anadromous fish passage use as well
(4) Determination of uses of Cocur d'Alone River below Enavillc will be
done when construction of domestic and mine waste treatment facilities
has been cc-nplcter., or noc later than July 1, 1S69
(5) Upper veachos of sti'erm
-10-
-------
APPENDIX B
IDAHO WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
FOR ALL STATE WATERS
SEPTEMBER 1968
-------
RULES AND REGULATIONS
FOR
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF STANDARDS OF WATER QUALITY
AND FOR WASTE WATER TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR WATERS OF THE STATE OF IDAHO
IDAHO STATE BOARD OF HEALTH
September 1968
-------
RULES AND REGULATIONS
FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF STANDARDS OF UATER QUALITY AND FOR
WASTE '-ATER TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR WATERS OF THE STATE OF IDAHO
LEGAL AUTHORITY
The Idaho State Board of Health, pursuant to the authority granted in Title
39, Chapter 1, Idaho Code, sections 39-105 and 39-112, did adopt the following
Rules and. Regulations for the Establishment of Scandards of Water Quality and
for Waste Water Treatment Requirements for Waters of the State of Idaho while
in regular quarterly session on August 15, 1968, at Coeur d Alene, Idaho, and
did deterpine the effective date to be September 4, 1968.
PREAMBLE
It shall be the policy of the State Board of Health to provide for an orderly
and economically feasible comprehensive water pollution control program, which
program shall be administered to conserve*the waters of the State for all legiti-
mate beneficial uses, including uses for domestic purposes, agriculture, industry,
recreation, and fish and wildlife propagation.
The Board recognizes that the control of water pollution involves irany ^
factors, including rmJtiple water uses, economic considerations and overall Bene-
fits to the citizens of the State. It shall ba the policy of the Board to carry
out such a program on a cooperative voluntary and educational casis insofar as
such a policy is compatible '-ith statutory di-txes of i.l:c Beard.
The Department of Health shall, on the basis of necessary technical studies
determine waste treatment needs throughout the State and shall establish recommended
time tables for the provision of such treatment facilities as will be necessary to
abate pollution of tha waters of the State.
These regulations are intended to be in haruony uith existing interstate
stream regulations and as an administrative guide for the continuation and sup-
plementation of the program previously carried out by the Hoard. The regulation-
are general in nature and are intended for use until such time as the start oc cue
Departn^nt of Health way be able to gather sufficient data to determine more
precise quality standards for such individual streams as uses a:ay indicate_and _
until such time as the staff of the Department develops the capability of initiating
a permit system as provided in the Idaho statutes.
For these reasons, paragraph 3A should be considered as the basic working
arrangement of the water pollution control program which provides, in effect,
special consideration for each and every waste source on the basis of special
problems peculiar to that source•
DF.FINTTT.OITS
The following definitions shall apply to the interpretation and the enforce-
ment of these regulations:
"Sewage" means the water-carried hui.ian or ar.iiv.al waste frorj rcsicte-.iccs,
holdings, Industrial establishments or other plncrs together with such ground
-------
-2-
water infiltration and surface water as iray be present, The admixture with sewage
as above defined of industrial wastes or wastes, as defined in the following
agraphs 2 and 3, shall also be considered "sewage."
"Industrial waste" means any liquid, gaseous, radioactive or solid waste
substance or a combination thereof resulting from any process of industry, manu-
facturing, trade or business, or from the development or recovery of any natural
resources.
"Wastes" means sewage, industrial vastes, and all other liquid, gaseous,
solid, radioactive or other substances which will or itay cause pollution or tend
to cause pollution of the public waters of the State.
"Pollution" means such contamination or other alteration of the physical,
chemical or biological properties of the public waters of the State, including
change in temperature, taste, color, turoidity or odor of the waters, or such
discharge of any liquid, gaseous, solidlf radioactive or other substance into the
waters of the State which either by itself or in connection with any other sub-
stance present, will or can reasonably be expected to create a public nuisance or
render sjch waters harmful, detrimental or injurious to public health, safety, or
welfare, or to domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural, recreational, or
other legitimate uses or to livestock, wildlife, fish or other aquatic life or the
habitat thereof.
"Standard" or "standards" means such measure of quality or purity in relation
to their reasonable and necessary ui>e as rnay be established by the State Board of
F Uh.
1. WATER RIGHTS
It shall be the policy of the State Board of Health that the adoption of
water quality standards and regulations and the enforcement of such standards
and regulations is not intended to conflict with the apportionment of wate)-
to the State of Idaho, to any of the interstate compacts or court decrees, or
to interfere with the ri^htD of Idaho appropriators in the utilization of
water rights.
2. HIGHEST AND BEST PRACTICABLE TREATMENT AND CONTROL REQUIRED
Notwithstanding the water quality standards contained herein, where a higher
standard can be achieved, the highest and best practicable treatment and/or
control of wastes, activities and flows shall be provided so as to maintain
dissolved oxygen at the highest desirable levels and overall water quality as
good as practicable, and water tempera Lures, coliforsn bacteria concentrations,
dissolved cheisical sjbr, ta-.iccs , toxic naterio Is, r-.d^o-'.-rfi «••! Cy, tuvbidiLiftC,
color, odor and other deleterious factors at the lowest desirable levels.
3. RESTRICTIONS ON THE DISCHARGE OF SEUAGE AND INDUSTRIAL WASTES AND HUMAN
ACTIVITIES WHICH AFFECT UATKR. QUALITY IN THE WATERS OF THE STATE
A. No vastes shnll be discharged and no activities shall be conducted in
such a way that said wastes or activities either alone or in combination
-------
-3-
v/ith other wastes or activities will violate or can reasonably be ex-
pected to violate the water qualicy standards and/or regulations con-
tained herein.
B. It is noted that from time to tine certain short-term activities which
are deemed necessary to accommodate essential activities and protect the
public interest nvay be specially authorized by the Department of Health
under such conditions as the Department of Health nay prescribe even
though such activities may result in a reduction of water quality con-
ditions below those criteria and classifications established by this
regulation.
4. MAINTENANCE OF STANDARDS OF QUALITY
A. The degree of sewage or waste treatment required to restore and/or
maintain the standards of quality and/or maintain existing quality shall
be determined in each instance by the State Board of Health and shall be
based upon the following:
(1) The uses which arc or may likely be made of the receiving stream.
(2) The size and nature of flow of the receiving stream.
(3) The quantity and quality of the sewage or wastes to be treated.
(4) The presence or absence of other sources of pollution on the same
B. For purposes of enforcement of these standards and regulations, sampling
will he done at a point where these standards and/or regulations can be
evaluated, except for areas ir^.ediately adjacent to outlalJs. Cognizance
will be given to the opportunity for admixture of waste effluents with
receiving waters, where such admixing is planned and carried ouL in a
manner that will provide minimum degradation to receiving waters.
GENERAL WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR WATERS OF THE STA1E
The following general water quality standards will apply to waters of the
State, both surface and underground, in addition to the water quality sta™l-
ards set forth on specifically identified waters, waters of the State shall
not contain:
A. Toxic chemicals of other than natural origin in concentrations found co
be of public health significance or to adversely affect the use indicated.
(Guides such as the Water Quality Criteria, published by the State of
California Water Quality Control Board (Second Edition. 1963) will DC
used in evaluating the tolerances of the various toxic chemicals for
the use indicated.)
B. Deleterious substances of other than natural origin in concentrations
that cause tainting of edible species or tastes and odors to be imparted
to drinking water supplies.
-------
-4-
C. Radioactive materials or radioactivity in water which exceed (1) l/30th
of the MPC values given in Column 2, Table I, Appendix A, Part C, Rules.
and Regulations for the Control of Radiation in the State of Idahjj.,
72)" exceeds concentration limits of the Idaho prinking Water. Standards.
for waters used for, or likely to be used for, domestic supplies,
(3) results in accumulations of radioactivity in edible plants and
animals that present a hazard to consumers, and/or (4) is harmful to
aquaiic life.
D. Floating or submersed matter not attributable to natural causes.
E. Excess nutrients of other than natural origin that cause visible eliice
growths or other nuisance aquatic growths.
F. Visible concentrations of oil, sludge deposits, .scum, foam or other
v?astes that may adversely aftect the use indicated.
G. Objectionable turbidity which can be traced to a point source or sources.
ON THE BASIS OF THE PRECEDING GENERAL WATER QUALITY STANDARDS ™ FOLLOWING
NUMERICAL STANDARDS, WHERE APPLICABLE, SHALL BE APPLIED, EXCE PT WHbRi «^^Ea
OCCUR BETWEEN NUMERICAL STANDARDS CONTAINED HEREIN AND THOSE ^lOUSLY AD OPTED
FOR SPECIFICALLY IDENTIFIED INTERSTATE STREAMS. IN SUCH CASES, STANDARDS FOR
INTERSTATE STREAMS SHALL APPLY.
6. NO WASTES SHALL BE DISCHARGED AND NO ACTIVITIES SHALL BE CONDUCTED WHICH
EITHER ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER WASTES OR ACTIVIflES WILL CAUSE iN
THESE WATERS:
Oranisms of the Coliform Grou
(HPN, equivalent MF or appropriate test using a representative
Lnpi.es?) Avera3e concentrations of coliform bacteria to exceed 1 000
per 100 irillilxters, with 20 percent of saraplec not to exceed Z.4M, per
100 taillilitcrs.
B. Dissolved Oxyp,en (DO)
DO ''to be less than 75 percent of saturation at seasonal low or less than
100 percent saturation in spawning areas during spawning, hatching, and
fry stages of salmonid fishes.
C. Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pll)
pH values to be outside the range of 6.5 and 9.0. Induced variation not
to be more than 0.5 pH. unit.
D. Temperature
Any measurable increases when stream temperatures are 68° F«o°r above,
or more than 2° F. increase when streau temperatures are 66 F. or less.
-------
-5-.
E. Turbidity
Turbidity, other than of natural origin, to exceed 10 Jackson TurbidiLy
Units (JTU) . (This turbidity requirement shill not be deemed to rigidy
apply to streams, drain ditches, etc., receiving irrigation return How.
However, every reasonable .effort should be made to prevent excessive
turbidity from such wastes.)
IN ADDITION TO THE GENERAL STANDARDS CONTAINED HEREIN, THE FOLLOWING
STANDARDS SHALL APPLY TO THOSE WATERS OF THE STATE IJHICH ARE PRESENTLY UPS_VSF.\M
FROM EXISTING SIGNIFICANT WASTE SOURCES AND TO ALL LAKES AND RESERVOIRS USED
PRIMARILY FOR RECREATION, DRINKING WATER SUPPLIES, FISH AND WILDLIFE PROPOGAT '.(«
AND/OR AESTHETIC PURPOSES .
7. NO WASTES SHALL BE DISCHARGED AND NO ACTIVITY SHALL BE CONDUCTED WHICH ALONE
OR IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER WASTES WILL CAUSE IN THESE WATERS:
A. Organisms £f the Coliforin Group
Average concentration of coliform bacteria to exceed 240 per 100 ciilli-
littfcs with 20 percent of the samples not to exceed 1,000 per 100
milliliters and fecal coliform not to exceed 50 per 100 milliliters with
20 percent of the samples not to exceed 200 per 100 milliliters.
B. Dissolved Oxygen (DO)
DO to be less than 75 percent of saturation at seasonal low or less than
100 percent saturation in spavming areas during spawning, hatching, and
fry stages of salinonid fishes.
C. Hydrogen Ion Concentration (nH)
pH values to be outside the range of 6.5 to 9.0. Induced variation not.
to be more than 0.5 pll unit,
Any measurable increase whsn stream temperatures are S&° F. or above, or
more than 2° F. increase when strcan temperatures are 64 F. or less.
E. Turbidity
Turbidity, other than of natural origin, to exceed 5 Jackson Turbidity
Units (JTU) .
F. Phosphorus or Nitrogen Compounds
Measurable concentration of phosphorus or nitrogen compounds above those
o£ natural origin.
8. REGULATIONS GOVERNING WASTE DISCHARGES
A. Any porson or persons, corporation, officexs of any municipality, sewer
district or association which owns or operates any facility or carries
-------
-6-
out ?ny operation which results in the discharge of waste vatei shall
furnish to the Department of Health such infcriration concerning quality
«nd quantity of discharged waste waters and maintain such ""^^
records as the Department may reasonably require to evaluaca the e.fec.s
on any receiving waters.
B For the purposes of these reSulations, nininuu adequate treat.wat for
domestic sewage or industrial wastes containing significant «£.«-
Lterial shall be equal to that^hich is eonamly known •• """J^J
treatment or the equivalent of. 35}percent rctr.oval of the Dioc.iera.ca*
oxy-en SLand including adequatVdisinfection of any wastes unich «.y
contain organis-ns that uay produce disease, in iran or annrais. ^
industrial processes, .in-?lant process controls « "r11"0^ 1^:^ as'
out for the prieary purpose of wistc reduction, shall « consiJ...^.
_r . r-..-««»• {/-.no to Gecondary trt!3i_nie..t. ic
;.
T >
Failure to provide adequate treatment shall be considered a violation
of these regulations.
Any person, persons, corporation or officials o£ a municipality or sewer
district «hoPou«. or operates any .euaje or «^.r i»at«-borne -jnst.
treatment facility shall at all tines operate such racxlxty u..der
rLtonabfy coapetJnt s.oexvision and uith the «8h«t «f ««ncy th-t
can reasonably be expected end »h«H maintain such facility in good
repair.
in cases of subsurface .ei.6o or waste disposal, such di.posal facilities
|
Jisposal sysfu be located closer than 50 £eet horizontally
edSe of any uater course, ineludins l-Ues or reservoirs, a, de ">
from the kno.m highest vnter level of such mt.r course la,e «
rom e no.
voii. improperly or inadequately treated sevaSe .nail not
to accumulate on the sround surface in such a manner that it *ay create
a health hazard.
It shall be a violation of these reflations to store dispose of, or
allow to accumulate any deleterious material ad-«accfn^0s^.^^h;uch
ioiediate vicinity of any portions or the waters of ^e Sta.e in ,uch
a manner that such rater ial .,111 or is likely to enter the st.cnu a
tiroes o£ hi5h water oc runoff or ^Jherc drainage fron such "J««J- ^
accidental failure of storage facilities «y transport or al lo,i dele
terious »terial into the uater course. Such Mteciala shall luoe
but not be United to, trash, rubbish, garbage, oil, gasoline,
ar.
-------
-7-
_ _ *•* ^ _. __ ^ « '
G.
use.
H.
Standards. The provisions of
~«?=
significant pollution.
P."*.* .1.11
s=.
be
used for other beneficial purposes, provided necessary
are tal-.en to prevent contamination of usable aquifers.
1. Sewage Treatment Design Standards and Subsurface Sewago Disposal
Standards, as adopted by the Idaho Department o£ "J'1^'^^^'^
vised from tine to time and shall be used as guide in the rev ew o
plans and specifications for waste treatment facilities as rcquireo
by Section 39-112, Idaho Code.
Regulations relatin3 to Water Pollution Control adopted by the Idaho State
Boaid of Health May 11, 1959, are hereby rescinded.
These Reflations shall be in full force and effect on and after September
1968.
Section 39-112, Par. E -All plans and specifications for the construction
-------
APPENDIX C
IDAHO IMPLEMENTATION PLAN
-------
•vj
I
A - Engineering Report
S - Arrangement of Financing
C - Conslice:ion Plans
D - St.?rc o! Construction
E - Placed in Operation
1 - January - .*une
2 - July - Dcccnbcr
TIME SCHEDULE FOR
CURRENT WASl'K TRUATliCKT NEEDS
TO MEET
ESTABLISHED WA'.'UR QUALITY STANDARDS
TABLE II
Cit.v or Industry
Be?r P.ivor. Cub River, Mal.-.d River, Worm Creek and
Be.': La'o Potato Foods, Potato Processing - Idaho Falls
*/:cn.in Starch Co., Potato Starch - I-iaho Falls
* Idaho Potato Starch Co., Potato Starch - Idaho Falls
*R. T. Frri'Ch Co., Potato Processing - Shelley
M'Jano Supmnic, Potato Processing - Firth
•*A"iurlca:\ Potato Co., "ota^o Processing - Blacktoot
* Silt RCT.OV.lt
1967 1
2
A
C
C
D;E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
1<
1
B.C
D,E
D,E
)G8
2
D.E
A
A
1«
1
B .
B
?69
2
C
C
1?
1
~1
i
D
D
>70
2
E
E
-------
O)
I
A - Engineering Report
B - Arrangement of Financing
C - Construction Plar-s
D - Start of Construction
E - Placed IP. Operation
1 - January - June
2 - July - December
TABLE II continued
Cltv c" Industry
*Idaho Potato Starch Co., Potato Starch - Blackfooc
Sr?Vc River fron A-orican Falls Reservoir (River Mile
736) to Tviti Falls (River Mile 600)
. *Lzirlj-V.fcston Inc., Pot.-.to Processing - American Falls
City of Aberdeen
Idaho Potato Growers, Potato Processing - Aberdeen
Idaho Potat:« Starch Co., Potato Starch - Aberdeen
Kraft Foods Co., Xilk Products - Aberdeen
City of Rupert
Kraft Foods Co., Kilk Products - Rupert
Magic Valley Foods, Potato Processing - Rupert
City of Paul
City of Hey'jurn
J. R. Sl!r.plot Co., Potato Processing - Hcyburn
Ore-Ic?a Co.. Potato Processing - Burley
A Li ? Co., Potato Processing - Burley
C'.ty of Kiuborly
1967
2
E
E
3.C.D
B,C,D
B.C.D
A
1968
1 2
A
A
A
A
E
E
E
A
B
8
B
3
B
B
A
A
A
A
C
1969
1 2
C,D
C,D
C,D
C,D
C
B
B
B
B
D
E
E
E
E
D,E
C
C
C
C
E
19
1
D
D
D
D
* Si! Removal
E
E
E
E
-------
A - EngtnccviRE Report
p. - Ari.-"-i£cricnt of Financing
C - Construeliop Plans
D - Stan of Construction
E - Placed in Operation
1 - January - June
2 - July - December
TABLE II continued
Citv or Tidustrv
Anttlgamatcd Sugar Co., Beet Susar - Tvin Falls
Independent Meat Co., Meat Packers - Twin Falls
City of Filer
City o£ JeroT.e
Ida-Gem Dairy, Milk Products - Jerome
Kinfi of Spues, Potato Flour - Jeronc
S"a^e Riv-r fro-i Twin Falls (River Mile 600) to Kells
Cnpvon Dam (River Mile 7A7)
City of Gleans Ferry
City of Wilc'cr
Northwest Boise Sewer District
City of Boise
Swift & Co., Meat Packing - Boise
Triangle- Dairy, Milk Products - Boise
Star Sower District
J. X. Sinplot Co., Potato Processing - Cri 1 1
L967
2
D
E
A
A
A
B
3
E
E
•
B
B,C
1968
1 2
A
E
B
B
B
C,D
C.D
B
E
B
C
D
B.C
C.D
C.D
C,D
E
E
C
C
A
D
E
1969
1 2
D,E
E
E
E
D
D
5
E
E
E
C
1970
1 2
D
E
-------
-D
i
LEGEXD
A - Engl-Te~s.ln{; Report
3 - Avr.'nscpient of Financing
C - Cons true'.ion Plans
D - Start o£ Construction
E - Placed in Operation
I - January - June
? - July - December
TABLE II continued
Citv or Industry
City of Donnelly
City of Cascade
Gem Canning, Food Processing - Enrnctt
Del Monte Sa:id & Gravel, Gravel Wash - Enmctt
Cambridge
Stvke River fro™ Hells Ca-woti Dan (River Mile 247) to
Lewis io-i, Ic'aho (River Xile 139) and the Pa louse River
City of Lewiston
Lewiston Orchards Sewer District - Lewiston
Scabrook Parrs Inc., Pea Processing - Lewiston
Smith Foods Inc., Pea Processing - Lewiston
Potlatch Forests, Inc., Pulp & Paper - Lewiston
Riverside Sower and Water District
City of Craig-^ont
City of Sali-on
Koo:cRai River, T.'iest River, Pcnd Orellle Lake ar.d
P. iver, Cei-.-:- d'Aie::^ Lake and River, and Spokane River
Ci'.y of Ilon.-crs Ferry
19C7
2
A
C,D
C
C
C,D
•
C
E
A
A
1968
1 2
B.C
E
D,E
D,E
E
A
A
A
A
D
B
B.C
E
D
B
B
3
E
E
C
D,E
1969
1 2
E
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
D
E
19
1
E
E
E
E
70
2
-------
. -
A - Enslnccring Report
B - Art-Tigemcnt of Financing
C - Construction Plans
D - Stnrt of Construction
E - Placed In Operation
1 - January - June
2 - July - December
City_or__?ndustry
City of Cocur d'Alene
City of Kullan
City of Wallace
City of Burke
City of Silverton
City of Osburn
i
£ City of Wardner
Elizabeth Park Sever District
City of Sncltcrvillc
Plnchurst Community
Lucky Fridsy Mine & Kill - Kullan
Star Mine & Mill - Osburn
Cr.lena Mine & Mill - Wallace
Polaris Mill - Wallace
Bunker Hill
TABLE II continued
1967
2
A
3
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
1968
1 2
E
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
D
C
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
E
E
E
E
E
1969
1 2
D
E
*
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
19'0
1
-------
LEGEND
A - Engineer Ing 3>cP°rt
B - Arrrnge-icnt of Financing
C - Construe ticn Plans
D - Stnrt of Construction
E - Placed in Operation
I - January - Jure
2 - July - December
SCHEDULE FOR
WASTE TREATMENT NF.LDS V-'EKEBY ALT-
DOMESTIC AND IKD'JSIRIAL WASTE TREAT! IEST FACILITIES
WILL BE UPGRADED TO SECONDARY 01? EQUIVALENT
TADLE III
Rr.ir River, Cub River, to lad River, Vorm
Creek and Bear Lake
City of Xontpelier
City of Soda Springs
Sn."'*" liver from Wyoming-Idaho Border
(Rlvpr Jlilc 9185 to American Falls
, reservoir (River Mile 736)
•C-
tJ
1 City of Idc^o Falls
U c. I Sugar Co., Idaho Falls
Rogers Bros ., Potato Processing-Ida. Falls
Idaho Potato Growers, Potato Processing,
Idaho Falls
Idaho Potato Foods, Potato Processing,
Idaho F a 1 1 s
R.T. French Co. .Potato Processing, Shelley
Idaho SuprcTC, Potato Processing, Firth
A"ierlc.in Potato Co., Potato Processing,
Blac'itfool
Konin Starch Co.. Potato Starch, Idaho
F.i I Is
I<1. -he "ota to St.-.rch, Potato Slr.rch, Idaho
r« ™ >
1969
1 2
C
j
D.E
A
i
1970
1 2
B
A
A '.. i>
A
.
c
C
c
w
B
B
A
c
c
1971
1 2
B
B
D
D
D
c
C
B
B
D
C
C
E
E
E
D
D
C
C
E
"
• 1972
1
D
D
E
E
D
D
Z
E
E
Z
Z
1973
1O
t.
1
1
-------
A - jinecrirg Report
B - Arr-tngcncnL of Financing
C - Construction Plans
D - Stave o: Ccp.= tr'j
E - Placed i:i Operation
1 - J.-nuaty - J-jr.c
2 - Ju^y - Doce"lber
TABLi: III continued
C: cv or Industry
City of Blackfoot
Idaho Potato Starch Co., Potato Starch,
Blacitfoot
St. Anthopy Starch Co., Potato Starch,
St. Anthony
City of Pocatello
Sia'r-0 River fro-n American FMls ResTvoi--
.jKivesi- VI!G 736) to Twin Fails (Rivor
K.ilg 600) ' ^
M?bic Vnl'.cy Co., Potato Starch, Twin Falls
City of Twin Falls
Bertie's Poultry, Chicken Proceeding, --/in
Falls
Swift £. Co., Milk Products, Twin Falls
Young's Dairy, Xilk Produces, Tw*n F.I i Is
Idaho Frozun Foods, PotTtc Eroccssing,
Twin Falls
S-.nkc River frorr T"in Falls -fRiver Vila 400)
Lo He 1 is Canyon D.n riivcr M?!P ?/.7\
~" " " ' ^~—
CiLy of Payccce
T 1969 | -1970
1 211 2
A
1
A
A
8
1971
1 7
c
1
B
C
*
A
A
A
A
A
A
c
i
C
D
A
&
B
B
B
3
2
5
1972 T '
T 1 ! i
D
D
E
B
i
f*
tm
I
£
1 JL
"1
E i
1
J 1
1
C
,
D
1
C
C
c
c
c
D
D
c
E
1
D
i
Z
D ! E
1
0 I o
1
i) i £
I {
1 t
i
c
i
1
!
D 1 E
-------
A - E-sir.cering Report
B - Arrr.rigc-v^nt oC Financing
C - Construceion Plans
D - Start oC Construction
E. - Placed in Operation
I - Jinuary - June
2 - July - Doccnbcr
TABLE III continued
City or Industry
Wells & Dav-.os, Meat Packing, Payettc
City of Wciscr
Sn-.ke River Eroir "ells Canyon Ban (River
Milt 247) co Lcwiston, Idaho (River Kile
139) ar.d the P.ilouso River
City of Orofiro
Xooccral River, Priest River, Pend Crftille
Lake and Hivcr, Coeur d'Aleue L-ike and
River, ap'i Spokane River
City of Sandpoint
City o£ Priest River
1969 i 1970
1 2 i 1 2
A
B
A
A
C
B
B
D
C
X971
1 2
A
C
E
D
3
A
*
D
E
1972
1 2
C
B
E
i
D
C
__!__
7.
D
L973
-------
APPENDIX D
RIVERS AND HARBORS ACT OF 1899
-------
RIVERS AND HARBORS ACT OF 1899
(33 U.S.C. 401-413; Section 407
is referred to as the Refuse Act of 1899)
§401. Const i net ion of bridges, causeways, dams or dikes
generally
It shall not lie lawful to consducl or commence tlie
construction of any budge, dam, dike, or causeway over or
in any port, roadstead, haven, harbor, canal, navigable river,
or other navigable watci of the United States until the
consent of Congress to the building of such structures shall
have been obtained and until the plans for the same shrj1
have been submitted to and approved by the Chief of
Engineers and by the Secretary of the Army: Piovidcd
That such slruclmcs may be built under aulhoiity of the
legislature of a State across rivers and other watciways the
navigable portions of winch lie wholly within the limits of a
single State, provided (lie location and pians thcicof me
submitted to and approved by the Chief of Engmecis and'
by the Sccrctaiy of the Army bcfoic construction is
commenced: And piovitled fiiither. That when plans for
' budge 01 other stiucture have been approved by the
jf of Enginccis and by the Secretary of the Army, it
shall not be lawful to deviate from such plans cithci before
or after completion of the stiucture unless the modification
of snid plans has previously been submitted to and received
the approval of the Chief of Engmccis and of the Sccrctaiy
of the Army.
§403. Obsttaction of excn\ntions and filling in of
navigable waters generally; wharves; piers, etc.;
The creation of any obstruction not affirmatively author-
ized by Congress, to the navigable capacity of any of the
waters of the United Stales is prohibited; and it shall not be
lawful to build or commence the building of any wharf,
pier, dolphin, boom, wcii, breakwater, bulkhead, jetty, or
other structures in any port, roadstead, haven, harboi,
canal, navigable river, or other water of the United States,
outside established harbor lines, 01 whcie no haibor lines
have been established, except on plans recommended by
the Chief of Engineers and authonzccl by the Secretary of
the Army; and it'«!iall not b." lawful to r.ycvytc or Oil, or IP
any manner to alter or modify the couisc, location,
condition, or capacity of, any poit, roadstead, haven, canal,
lake, harbor or refuge, or mclosurc within the limits of any
breakwater, or of the channel of any navigable water of the
United States, unless the work has been recommended by
the Chief of Engineers and authorized by the Secretary of
i!»e Anr.y prior to the beginning the same.
.$404. Establishment of harboi' lines; conditions to grants
foi extension of piers, etc.
Where it is made manifest to the Sccrctaiy of the Army
that the establishment of haibor lines is essential to the
preservation and protection of harbors he may, and is,
fuillion/.ccl to cause such lines to be established, beyond
which no piers, whaivcs, bulkheads, or oilier works shall be
extended or deposits made, except under such regulations
as may be prescribed fiom time to time by him: Provided,
That whenever the Sccictary of the Army grants to any
person or poisons permission to extend piers, wharves,
bulkheads, or other woiks, or to make deposits in any tidal
harbor or river of the United States beyond any harbor
lines established under authority of the United States, he
shall cause to be ascertained the amount of tidewater
displaced by any such structuic or by any such deposits,
and he shall, if he deem it necessary, require the parties to
whom the pcimission is given to make compensation for
such displacement cither by excavating in some part of the
harboi, including tidewater channels between high and low
water mark, to such an extent as to create a basin for as
much tidewater as may be displaced by such structure or by
such deposits, or in any other mode that may be satis-
factory to him.
§<106. Penalty for wiongful construction of bridges,
picis, etc.; removal of structures
Every person and every corporation that shall violate any
of the provisions of sections 401,403, and 404 of this title
or any nilc or regulation made by the Sccrctaiy of the
Army in puisuancc of the provisions of section 404 of this
title slull be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on
conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine not exceed-
ing S2.500 nor less than S500, or by imprisonment (in the
case of a natural person) not exceeding one year, or by
both such punishments, in the discretion of the court. And
further, the removal of any structures or parts of structures
erected in violation of the piovisions of the said sections
may be enforced by the injunction of any district court
exercising jurisdiction in any district in which such
structures may exist, and proper proceedings to this end
may be instituted under the direction of the Attorney
Gcncial of the United States.
§407. Deposit of refuse in, navigable waters generally
It shall not be lawful to throw, discharge, or deposit, or
cause, suffer, or procuie to be thrown, discharged, or
deposited cither from or out of any ship, barge, 01 other
floating craft of any kind, or from the shore, wharf,
manufacturing establishment, or mill of any kind, any
refuse matter of any kind or description whatever other
than that flowing from streets and sewers and passing
thercfiom in a liquid state, into any navigable v/atcr of the
United States, or into any tributary of any navigable water
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from which (he s.mic shall final or be washed into such
navigable wntci, and it shall not bo lawful lo deposit, or
cause, suffer, or |>mcuic to be deposited malciial of'.my
kind in any place on the bank of any navigable walcr,
wlu'ic I he same shall In- liable lo he washed niio Mich
navigable walei, eillier by oidinaty 01 hi^h lides, 01 by
sloniis or floods, or olheiwise, wheiehy navigation shall or
may be impeded 01 obstructed, hornlcd. 'I hat nothing
heiein contained shall extent In, apply lo, or prohibit ihc
opcialions in cnnncelinn wilh Ihc impinvemcnl of navi-
gable wateis or cnnsliiiction of public wniks, considered
ncccssaiy and proper by the Umlcd Slates officers super-
vising s,tich improvement or public work: Anil provided
further, That Ihc Secretary of Ihc Army, whenever in Ihc
judgment of the Chief of Engineers anchorage or navigation
will not be injuicd thereby, may permit the deposit ofany
material above mentioned in navigable waters, within limits
to be defined and under conditions to be prescribed by
him, provided application is made to him prior to deposit-
ing such material: and whenever any pcimit is so granted
the conditions thereof shall be strictly complied with, and
any violation thereof shall be unlawful.
§407a. Deposit of debris of mines and stamp woiks
In places where liaibor-hncs have not been established,
and where deposits of debris of mines or stamp works can
be made without injury to navigation, within lines to be
established by the Sccictary of the Aimy.said officer may,
'nd is authorized to, cause such lines to be established; and
ivilhin such lines such deposits may be made, under
regulations to be from time to time prescribed by him ...
§408. Taking possession of, use of, or injury to harbor
or river improvement!)
It shall not be lawful for any person or persons to take
possession of or make use of for any purpose, or build
upon, alter, deface, destroy, move, injure, obstruct by
fastening vessels thereto or otherwise, or in any manner
whatever impair the usefulness of any sea wall, bulkhead,
jetty, dike, levee, wharf, pier, or other work built by the
United Slates, or any piece of plant, floating, or otherwise, '
used in the construction of such work undci the contiol of
the United States, in whole or in part, for the preservation
and improvement of any of its navigable waters or lo
prevent floods, or as boundary marks, tide gauges, survey-
ing stations, buoys, or other established marks, nor remove
for ballast or other purposes any stone or other material
composing such works: Piovided, That the Secretary of the
Army may, on the recommendation of the Chief of
Engineers, grant permission for the temporary occupation
or use of any of the aforementioned public works when in
Ins judgment such occupation or use will not be injurious lo
(he public mleicsl.
§411. Penally for wmiigful deposit of refuse; use of or
injury lo liaiboi inipiovcmciils, and obstruction of n.ivi-
gaMc wa In s gcnci ally
l-»ciy poison and every corporation that shall violate, or
(hat shall knowingly aid, abet, aulhori/c, or instigate a
violation of ihc provisions of sections 407.40S, and 409 of
(his lillc shall be gmlly of a misdemeanor, and on
conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine not exceed-
ing S2.500 nor less than $500 or by imprisonment (in Ihc
case of a natural person) fur not less than thirty days nor
more than one year, or by bolh such fine and imprison-
ment , in the dcscrclion of the court. One half of said fine
to be paid lo the person or persons giving information
which shall lead lo conviction.
§413. Duty of United States attorneys and other Federal
officers in enforcement of provisions; arrest of offenders
The Dcpaitmcnt of Justice shall conduct the legal
proceedings necessary to enforce the provisions of sections
401, 403, 404, 406, 407, 408, 409,411, 549, 686, and 687
of this title; and it shall be the duty of United Slates
attorneys to vigorously prosecute ail offenders against the
same whenever requested to do so by the Secretary of the
Army or by any of the official hereinafter designated, and
it shall furtheimorc be the duly of said United Stales
attorneys lo report lo the Attorney General of the United
Slates the action taken by him against offenders so
reported, and a transcript of such reports shall be trans-
nutted to the Secretary of the Army by the Attorney
General; and for the better enforcement of the said
provisions and to facilitate the detection and bringing to
- punishment of such offenders, the officers and agents of
the United States in charge or river and harbor improve-
ments, and the assistant engineers and inspectors employed
under them by avhority of the Secretary of the Army, and
the United States collectors of customs and olhcr revenue
^ officers shall have power and authority lo swear out
process, and lo arrest and lake into custody, with or
^without process, any person or persons who may commit
any of the acts or offenses proiubilcd bj the oaid sections,
or who may violate any of the provisions of the same:
Provided, That no person shall be arrested without process
for any offense not committed in the picscncc of some one
of the aforesaid officials: And provided further, That
whenever any arrest is made under such sections, the person
so Crested shall be brought forthwith before a co-rmi:-
sioncr, judge, or court of the United Stales for examination
of the offenses alleged against him; and such commissioner,
judge, or court shall proceed in respect thereto as aulhoizcd
by Jaw in case of crimes against the United Slates.
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APPENDIX E
EXECUTIVE ORDER 11574
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EXECUTIVE ORDER 11574
Administration of (he Refuse Act Permit Program
By virtue of the authority vested in me as President of
the United States, and in furtherance of ihc purposes and
policies of section 13 of the Act of March 3, 1899, c. 425,
30 Slat. 1152 (33 U.S.C. 407), the Federal Water Pollution
Control Act, as amended (33 U.S.C. 115J ct. scq.), the Fish
and Wildlife Coordination Act, as amended (16 U.S.C.
66l-666c), and the National Environmental Policy Act of.
1969 (12 U.S.C. 4321-4347), it is hereby ordered as
follows:
Section 1. Rcjn\c Act iH-rinit /»<;/;;
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APPENDIX F
OIL POLLUTION REGULATIONS
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DISCHARGE OF OIL
(Code of Fedeiiil Regulations, Title 18, Clmptcr V, Part 610)
Sec.
6,10.1 Definitions.
610.2 Applicability.
610.3 Discharge into navigable waters harmful.
610.4 Dischaigc into contiguous zone harmful.
610.5 Discharge prohibited.
610.G Exception for vessel engines.
610.7 Dispcrsants.
610.8 Demonstration projects.
610.9 Notice.
AUTHORITY: The piovisions of tins Part 610 arc issued
under sec. 11 (b) (3) of the Federal Water Pollution Control
Act, as amended (84 Slat. 92; 33 U.S.C. 1161).
§610.1 Definitions.
As used in (his part, the following terms shall have the
'meaning indicated below:
(a) "Oil" means oil of any kind or in any form,
including, but not limited to, petroleum, fuel oil, sludge, oil
refuse, oil mixed with ballast or biJgc, and oil mixed with
wastes other than dredged spoil;
(b) "Dischaigc" includes, but is not limited to, any
spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying or
dumping;
(c) "Vessel" means every description of watcrcraft or
other artificial contrivance used, or capable of being used,
as a means of transportation on water other than a public
vessel;
(d) "Public vessel" means a vessel owned or bare-boat
chartered and operated by the United Stales, or by a State
or political subdivision thereof, or by a foreign nation,
except when such vessel is engaged in commerce;
(e) "United States" means the Stales, the District of
Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Canal
Zone, Guam, American Samoa, the Virgin Islands, and the
Trust Tenitory of the Pacific Islands;
(f) "Person" includes an individual, firm, corporation,
association, and a paitncrship;
(g) "Contiguous 7onc" menus the entire zone established
or to be established by the United Stales under article 24 of
the Convention on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous
Zone;
(h) "Onshore facility" means any facility (including, but
not limited to motor vehicles and rolling stock) of any kind
located in, on, or under, any land williin the United States
other t'ljn submerged l.uid;
(i) "Oflshore facility" means any facility of any kind
located in, on, or under, any of the navigable waters of the
United Stales other than a vessel or public vessel,
(j) "Applicable water quality standards" means water
quality standards adopted pursuant to section 10(c)ofthc
Federal Act and State-adopted water quality standards for
waters which arc not interstate within the meaning of that
Act.
(k) "Federal Act" means the Federal Water Pollution
Control Act, as amended, 33 U.S.C. 466, el scq.
(1) "Sheen" means an iridescent appearance on the
surface of water.
(m) "Sludge" means an aggregate of oil or oil and other
matter of any kind in any form other than dredged spoil
having a combined specific gravily equivalent to or greater
than water.
§610.2 Applicability.
The regulations of this part apply to the discharge of oil
rin(o or upon the navigable waters of the United States,
adjoining shorelines or into or upon the waters of the
contiguous zone, prohibited by section 11 (b) of the
Federal Act.
§610.3 Dischaige into navigable waters harmful.
For pin poses of section 11 (b) of the Federal Act,
discharges of such quantities of oil into or upon (he navigable
waters of the United Stales or adjoining shorelines deter-
mined to be harmful to the public health or welfare of the
United States, at all times and locations and under all
circumstances and conditions, except as provided in scct'.in
610.6 of this part, include discharges which:
(a) Violate applicable water quali'.y standards, or
(b) Cause a film or sheen upon or discoloration of the
surface of the water or adjoining shorelines or cause a
sludge or emulsion to be deposited beneath the surface of
the water or upon adjoining shorelines.
§610.4 Discharge into contiguous zone linr nfi:l.
For purposes of section 11 (b) of the Fcdcial Act,
discharge? of such quantities of oil into or "pon tlic watn«
of the contiguous zone determined to be harmful to the
public health or welfare of the United States, at al! times
and locations and under all circumstances and conditions,
except as provided in section 610.6 cf this part, include
discharges which:
(a) Violate applicable w.tlcr quality sf.'.iulnriU In navign-
blc wateis of the United Slater, 01
(b) Cause a film or sheen ;ipon or dhcolcra^o" of the
surface of the water or adjoiivng shornlir.es or cause a
sludge or emulsion to be deposited beneath the suiface of
the v/atcr or upon adjoining shorelines. -
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t§610.5 Discharge prohibited.
As provided in section J J (h) (2) of the Fcdci;il Act, no
person shall discharge or cause or permit to be discharged
into or upon the navigable waters of the United Stales,
adjoining shorelines, or into or upon the waters of the
contiguous zone any oil, in harmful quantities as deter-
mined in sections 6]0.3 and 610.4 of this part, except as
the same may be permitted in tiic contiguous zone under
Article IV of the International Convention for the Preven-
tion of Pollution of the Sea by Oil, 1954, as amended.
§610.6 Exception for vessel engines.
For purposes of section 11 (b) of the Federal Act,
discharges of oil fioin a properly functioning vessel engine
arc not deemed to be harmful; but such oil accumulated in
a vessel's bilges shall not be so exempt.
§610.7 Dispcrsants.
Addition of dispersants or emulsifiers to oil to be
discharged which would circumvent the provisions of this
part is prohibited.
§610.8 Demonstration projects.
Notwithstanding any other provisions of this part, the
Secretary of the Interior may permit the discharge of oil
into or upon the navigable waters of the United States,
adjoining shorelines, or into or upon the waters of the
contiguous /.one, in connection with research, demonstra-
tion projects, or studies relating to the prevention,control,
or abatement of oil pollution,
§610.9 Notice.
Any person in charge of any vessel or onshore or
offshore facility shall, as soon as he has knowledge of any
discharge of oil from such vessel or facility in violation of
section 610.5 of this part, immediately notify the U.S.
Coast Guard of such discharge in accordance with such
procedures as the Secretary of Transportation may pre-
scribe.
Dated: September 9,1970.
WALTER J.H1CKEL,
Secretory of the Interior.
IF.R. Doc. 70-12180; Filed, Sept. 10, 1970;
8:52 a.m.]
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