MARCH 1987
JOINT EPA-EPRI
COLD WEATHER PLUME STUDY (CWPS)
Overview of Measurements and Data Base
EJBD
ARCHIVE
EPA
600-
3-
87-
010
ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES RESEARCH LABORATORY
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC 27711
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($OO-
JOINT EPA-EPRI
COLD WEATHER PLUME STUDY (CWPS)
Overview of Measurements and Data Base
r Noor V. Gillani, Vicki L. Bohm
to Mechanical Engineering Department
Washington University
St. Louis, MO 63130
EPA Co-operative Agreement No. CR-809713
Project Officer
Francis Pooler, Jr.
Atmospheric Sciences Research Laboratory
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES RESEARCH LABORATORY
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC 27711
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NOTICE
The information in this document has been funded by the United States
Environmental Protection Agency under Cooperative Agreement CR-8U9713
to Washington University. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer
and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as
an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does
not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
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Ill
ABSTRACT
The Cold Weather Plume Study (CWPS) was a field measurement program carried
out in February 1981 under the joint sponsorship of the U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency and the Electric Power Research Institute. Its objective was to generate
a data base suitable for quantitative analysis of the mesoscale physical dynamics and
SOa, NOa; chemistry of the plume of the 1320 MW coal-fired Kincaid power plant near
Springfield, IL. The data base was intended to complement similar measurements made
by other EPA and EPRI studies in the same region during other seasons. Measurements
included in-situ chemical measurements from two instrumented aircraft, remote-sensing
lidar measurements from an aircraft, meteorological measurements from a surface sta-
tion, two met towers, and from vertical soundings. This report provides a brief overview
of the measurement platforms, the measured parameters, and the daily experiments,
and describes and documents the data base available on magnetic tapes and in hard
copy form.
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CONTENTS
Abstract ............................... iii
List of Tables ............................. vi
List of Abbreviations .......................... vii
Acknowledgments ........................... vii
Executive Summary ..........................
1. INTRODUCTION ........................... 1
2. SUMMARY OF CWPS MEASUREMENTS ................ 2
2.1 In-situ Aircraft Sampling ..................... 2
2.2 Meteorological Measurements ................... 8
2.3 Aircraft Lidar Measurements ................... 11
2.4 Stack Sampling ........................ 11
3. CWPS MISSIONS .......................... 12
4. CWPS DATA BASE ......................... 19
4.1 Hard Copy Data Base of CWPS ................. 21
4.2 GDDB of CWPS on Magnetic Tapes ............... 21
APPENDICES
Al. EMI, MRI AIR-CRAFT FLIGHT OUTLINES AND MAPS ....... 24
Al.l EMI Aircraft ......................... 25
A1.2 MRI Aircraft ......................... 41
A2. GDDB FILES, THEIR CONTENTS AND FORMATS ......... 52
A2.1 Listing of Files in GDDB-CWPS ................ 53
A2.2 Partial Listing of Contents of Data Files of 2/13/81 ........ 55
A2.3 Documentation STATE-20 and STATE- VS File Formats ...... 68
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--V1--
LIST OF TABLES
Number
2.1 EMI Aircraft Instrumentation
2.2 MRI Aircraft Instrumentation
2.3 MRI Aerosol Size Distribution Measurements
2.4 MRI Integrated Sample Collections and Analyses
2.5 Rockwell Source Emissions and Meteorological Measurements
2.6 Locations and Schedule of AV Upper Air Soundings
3.1 Summary of Aircraft Missions
3.2 Summary of Participation of Platforms for 12 February 1981
3.3 Summary of Participation of Platforms for 13 February 1981
3.4 Summary of Participation of Platforms for 14 February 1981
3.5 Summary of Participation of Platforms for 16 February 1981
3.6 Summary of Participation of Platforms for 20 February 1981
4.1 Summary of Measurements and Data Base of CWPS
4.2 Catalog of Files in the GDDB of CWPS
4.3 Listing of the Daily Summary Files of GDDB
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AV
Battelle
EMI
EPA-LV
EPA-RTP
EPRI
ISWS
MRI
NWS
Rockwell
SRI
—vn--
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
AeroVironment Inc.
Battelle Columbus Labs
Environmental Measurements, Inc.
Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas
Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park
Electric Power Research Institute
Illinois State Water Survey
Meteorology Research, Inc.
National Weather Service
Rockwell International
SRI International
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We are grateful to all the participants of the Cold Weather Plume Study for their
co-operation in the compilation of the CWPS data base. This work was supported by
EPA Co-operative Agreement CR-809713.
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— vui —
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
A Cold Weather Plume Study (CWPS) was carried out from a St. Louis base in
February, 1981 under the joint sponsorship of the Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) and the Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. (EPRI). The main objective of
the field measurement program was to generate a data base appropriate for quantitative
characterization of the mesoscale transport and chemical transformations of SOX and
NOa; in the plume of the 1320 MW, coal-fired Kincaid power plant near Springfield, IL,
under winter conditions. The measurements included in-situ airborne chemical sam-
pling in the plume and its background, as well as a variety of meteorological measure-
ments characterizing the PBL structure and dynamics of the wind, temperature and
humidity fields. Previous extensive power plant plume measurements had been carried
out in power plant plumes in the same region in summer and spring periods. Analyses
of the data of these previous studies had already yielded valuable quantitative empirical
descriptions of the plume atmospheric transmission processes, particularly for SOX. A
more specific objective of the winter study was to test the validity of such quantitative
parameterizations under winter conditions and, if necessary, to revise the formulations
to make them seasonally more general. Another important aspect of the winter study
was a more balanced emphasis on SOa as well as NOX atmospheric chemistry. This re-
port overviews the measurement program, identifies other reports which contain more
detailed program description and data, and most importantly, describes and documents
the formal overall centralized data base of CWPS.
There were two teams of participating groups in the field program, one supported
by EPA and the other by EPRI. Each participating group had a specific role in the
study, yet all measurements of a given daily mission were performed within the context
of a co-ordinated overall mission plan. The two teams shared the same overall pro-
gram objectives, but emphasized different specific objectives. The EPA team's focus
was more on SOX chemistry, while the EPRI team placed greater emphasis on NO*
chemistry. Overall, the measurement strategy was focused on detailed aircraft chemical
sampling in the plume over a mesoscale range; two primary sampling aircraft were typi-
cally deployed in each experiment. Supporting measurements included stack sampling,
monitoring of ambient meteorological parameters, and remote sensing of PBL aerosol
structure and dynamics.
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IX
The participating groups and their principal roles are outlined below:
EPA Team
EPA - RTF
EPA - LV
EMI
AV
SRI
WU
technical direction
airborne lidar measurements
program planning; in-situ
aircraft measurements
field program management;
meteorological support
meteorological support
on-site data processing and review;
program data management;
data interpretation
EPRI Team
BATTELLE
MRI
ROCKWELL
program planning;
on-site organic sample analysis;
MRI aircraft instrumentation for NOa and
data management for EPRI team;
data interpretation
in-situ aircraft measurements
Stack sampling;
meteorological support
The in-situ aircraft measurements included continuous monitoring of gas concen-
trations (SO2, NO, NOs, N-rotai, O3), aerosol parameters (ANC, Charge, B8Cat)i mete-
orological variables (temperature, humidity, pressure, turbulence, solar radiation), and
navigational parameters (altitude, VOR, DME). Integrated filter samples were collected
and analysed for aerosol sulfate, nitrate, chloride and ammonium; for gaseous ammonia
and nitric acid; and for elemental composition. Automatic bag samples were also col-
lected nearly instantaneously at regular intervals and analysed on-line for aerosol size
distribution. In addition, integrated samples were collected in Teflon bags and analysed
daily at a ground laboratory for detailed speciation of organic vapors, including PAN.
Stack measurements of S02, NO, O2 and exit gas velocity and temperature were
made at Kincaid. Meteorological support measurements included measurements near
the power plant by ROCKWELL, and at downwind locations near prevailing plume
transport trajectory by AV. Measurements near the power plant were made at a sur-
face station (pressure, temperature, net/solar/sky radiation, cloud cover and precipi-
tation), from 10 and 100m meteorological towers (mean temperature, dewpoint, wind
speed/direction, and u,v,w components of the wind field), and from tracked T-sondes
(T, wind speed/direction). Downwind meteorological measurements by AV included
frequent pibal (wind speed/ direction) and airsonde (temperature and relative humid-
ity) soundings during the experiment periods. Synoptic weather data were gathered
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— x —
and interpreted by SRI at the local NWS forecasting office. SRI provided weather
forecasts and summaries tailored to the needs of the daily missions.
PBL and plume structure and dynamics were "visualized" by remote sensing of
atmospheric aerosol distribution based on lidar returns of aerosol backseattering mon-
itored in the lidar aircraft (EPA-LV) flying well above the PBL.
The Kincaid power plant has two generating units rated at 660 MW each, both
feeding into a single 187 meter tall stack. During the CWPS period, however, one of
the units was inoperative.
The field study period was 9-21 February, 1981. During this period, a total of six
independent field experiments were carried out on five separate days (February 12, 13,
14, 16 and 20). There were two separate experiments on the 20th. In four of these
experiments, both primary sampling aircraft (EMI and MRI) performed co-ordinated
measurements. In three separate missions, the two aircraft flew side-by-side to provide
data for cross-comparison. The first three experiments were conducted under very cold
daytime winter conditions. Ambient conditions were unseasonably warm during the
last three experiments. One of these experiments was during the night. During the
first and the last experiments, the Kincaid plume was sampled within the convective
daytime mixing layer; bulk plume transport was in the stable layers aloft during all
other sampling missions. Plume background was fairly clean during all field missions.
Each participating group was responsible for quality assurance, post-processing,
and validation of its own data. The final data of the EPA team was centralized at the
WU-ME Special Studies Data Center at Washington University in St. Louis. The data
of the EPRI team was centralized at Battelle, Columbus Labs. The EPA and EPRI
data bases were formally exchanged in 1984. Subsequently, both these subsets of the
overall data base were reformatted and standardized into a single unified CWPS data
base at our data center. All data files in this CWPS data base conform to the standard
STATE formats common also to three other data bases of major EPA-sponsored Studies
(MISTT, Tennessee Plume Study, and PEPE-NEROS). This report provides a full
documentation of the final CWPS data base. Future distribution of the data base will
be administered by EPA.
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1. INTRODUCTION
Electric power generating stations using coal and oil as fuel constitute a major
source of S0a and NOa emissions into the atmosphere of the eastern United States. At-
mospheric transmission processes (transport, transformation, removal) acting on these
emissions determine their atmospheric residence time, their contribution to ambient air
pollution, their range of transport, location of impact, and form of deposition. In the
past decade, many field studies have been carried out with the objective of quantitative
investigation of the mechanisms and rates of the atmospheric transmission processes.
The vast majority of these field measurements were carried out during the summer
season when the chemical transformation processes leading to the formation of noxious
secondary products from the precursor emissions are more rapid and secondary pol-
lutant levels (air concentrations and depostions) are more pronounced. Such summer
field studies include the EPA-sponsored Projects MISTT (St. Louis, 1974-1976) and
STATE-Tennessee Plume Study (Tennessee, 1978), and the EPRI-sponsored SURE
Plume Study (Indiana, Michigan, Mississippi, 1977) and the Plume Model Validation
Study (PMV: Kincaid, IL, 1980). In February 1981, EPA and EPRI jointly sponsored
the field program of the Cold Weather Plume Study (CWPS). The measurements of
this study were made in plume of the Kincaid power plant.
EPA's principal objectives in the interpretation of the CWPS data included char-
acterization of winter transport of tall-stack plumes, the quantitative assessment of
mechanisms and rates of SO2-to-sulfate conversion in power plant plumes in winter,
and the testing of an empirical parameterization of plume sulfur conversion rate orig-
inally formulated based on summer data. EPRI's prime objectives were to study the
details of the NOX chemistry of the plume during near-field transport, to test a detailed
reactive plume model, and to extend the simple-terrain short-range plume dispersion
study of PMV to broader seasonal coverage. Such data analyses have been carried out
at WU for EPA and at BATTELLE for EPRI.
Two detailed reports describe the CWPS measurement program: one is by EMI
(EMI, 1984)*, the EPA prime contractor for CWPS; the other is by BATTELLE (Bat-
telle, 1983), the EPRI prime contractor for CWPS. Both describe the full range of
CWPS measurements, but each is focused more on activities of its respective team.
Since these reports adequately cover the details of the measurement program, plat-
forms, data processing and validation, quality assurance, etc., this report contains only
a brief program overview and a description and documentation of the final data base.
Five hard copy data volumes, one for each of the five mission days of CWPS, were
prepared in conjunction with this report. Each data volume contains a daily meteoro-
logical summary, and graphical plots of complete meteorological and aircraft data (EMI
and MRI). The daily data volumes thus collectively contain a compilation of almost all
the available data of CWPS in graphical or tabular form. The data volume contents
are described further in chapter four, "CWPS Data Base".
References are listed in section 4.1.
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— 2 —
2. SUMMARY OF CWPS MEASUREMENTS
2.1 In-situ Aircraft Sampling
Two instrumented aircraft performed in-situ plume and background measure-
ments. They were the EMI and the MRI aircraft. Tables 2.1 and 2.2 summarize the
instrumentation packages of the two aircraft. The common parameters monitored in
the continuous mode in the two aircraft were: SO2, NO/NOX, O3, Aitken nuclei count,
aerosol charge, light scattering coefficient (B8cat), ambient and dew point temperatures,
aircraft altitude and the VOR/DME position co-ordinates. In addition, the MRI air-
craft also monitored broadband and UV solar radiation from an upward-looking sensor,
and small-scale atmospheric turbulence (expressed in terms of the turbulent energy dis-
sipation rate, e). The MRI NOX chemiluminescence analyzer was specially modified by
BATTELLE to measure NO, NT (=NO + NO2 + HNO3 + NO3 + 2N2O5 + PAN),
and NOX(=NT-HNO3). The difference (NT-NO*) is reported in the data base as
HNOs. The EMI aircraft also had a fast response sulfur monitor specially modified to
monitor continuously the particulate sulfur component (5P). The instrument opera-
tion, performance, and data for Sp have, however, been judged of unacceptable quality,
and have been excluded from the data base. The absence of acceptable Sp data is a
critical shortcoming of the chemical data base of CWPS. Another critical shortcoming
of the CWPS data of EMI was due to the malfunction of the nephelometer (£8Cat)
in the first three EMI missions (Feb. 12, 13, 14). A replacement was in place for the
last two experiments (Feb. 16, 20) and performed well. The data logger in the MRI
aircraft malfunctioned in the first mission (Feb. 12). However, most of the continuous
data were recorded on strip charts and were later digitized and incorporated into the
permanent data base.
The two aircraft also made some aerosol size distribution measurements. The
EMI aircraft had an electrical aerosol analyzer (EAA, for .0032 to 1 pm size range)
and a ROYCO optical particle counter (OPC for .56-5.6 pm range). The data of these
measurements have not been processed and are not available in the current data base.
The MRI aircraft instrumentation package for aerosol size distribution measurements
is summarized in Table 2.3.
Both aircraft also collected some time-integrated samples for post-facto chemical
analyses. The EMI integrated sampling included a cyclone separator system for collec-
tion of fine aerosols (<3 pm), and a tungstic acid tube system for collection and later
analysis of gaseous and particulate ammonia and nitric acid. The filter sampling of
aerosols was on washed nylon filters (analysed for sulfate and nitrate), and on prepared
cellulose nitrate filters (analysed for chloride). The integrated sample collections and
analyses pertinent to the MRI aircraft sampling are outlined in Table 2.4. They include
bag samples for hydrocarbons and PAN, and filter samples for inorganic gaseous and
aerosol species.
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Table 2.1 EMI Aircraft (Chem-1) Instrumentation Summary for CWPS.
EMI, 198U , Table 3.1)
(Taken from
Category
Air Quality
Continuous
Analyzers
Parameter
°3
SO,
A
NO/NO..
Jfc
SO£, H2S04
bscat
Aitken nuclei
Electronic
Aerosol Analyzer
Aerosol Charge
Acceptance
Optical Particle
Counter
Instrument
Hake and
Model
CSI 2000
Meloy 285 FR
and Hydride
Cylinder
Monitor Labs
8440B modified
for fast response
Meloy 285 PR
modified for SOj
0^p ihi^l Wrt Ann
aerosol heating
MRI 1567 modified
for aircraft.
Environment One
Aitken Nuclei
Counter ncdif led
for high pressure
inlet.
ItieunD-Systans ,
Inc.
Hashington Univ.
toyoo 220
Nominal
Operating
Range
0-200
0-500ppb
0-500ppb depend-
0-100ppb ing on
0-50ppb dista-
nce.
0-500ppb depend-
0-200 ing on
dist-
ance.
0-50ppb
0-lOxlO'V1
0-100k CN/ml
.0032-1 micron
0.01-O.lmicron
0 . 56-5 . Cmicron
Sensitivity
3%
Ippb
3ppb
Ippb
O.lxlO'V1
3kCH/ml
Response
Time
(sec)
•
1
3
1
3
2
5
Time inte-
grated.
1
Time iote-
gratecV
I
U)
continued on next page
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Table 2.1
(Continued)
EMI Aircraft (Chem-1) Instrumentation Summary for CWPS,
(Taken from EMI, 198U , Table 3.1)
Category
Air Quality
Integrated
i*^ 1 1 - •
HeteotxsAtav
••""•"•"""ly
Data
Amtliflit'lm
Boalticn
Parameter
30° NQC
a*
Gaaeaus-Annania
and Nitric Add
rarUCtUBGa—
Anroanium and
Nitrate.
Dewpoint
all
VCR
CHE
Altitude
Instrument
Hake and
Model
cyclone filter
pack
Itmgatic Acid
(Uhiv.of S.FLorida)
General Eastern
1110
Fluke 2240
King KN53
King KN62A
Aeroaonic
Nominal
Operating
Range
-300 to +300°P
-40 to 49°t
0-360°
0-50 n.ml.
feet ml
Sensitivity
0-1°C
±0.5°C
-40 to 440V
*1°
ifl.l n.ml.'
- SO ft.
Response
Time
(sec)
2
3
1 scan/2 set
5
1
0
I
J=-
I
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-5-
Table 2.2
MRI Aircraft (Queen Air) Instrumentation
Summary for CWPS. (Taken from BATTELLE '83
Table 4.2)
Parameter
so2
NO/NOx
HN03
0,
J
Light
Scattering
Condensa-
tion
Nuclei
Aerosol
Charge
Acceptance
Broad Band
Radiation .
Ultraviolet
Radiation
Turbulence
Temperature
Dew Point
Altitude
Indicated
Airspeed
Position
Data Logger
(Includes
time)
Strlpchart
Recorder
Printer
Sampler
Manufacturer
and Model
Meloy 285
Monitor Labs
8440
Monitor Labs
8410
MRI 1569
Environment
One Rich 100
Washington
University
Eppley
PSP
Eppley
MRI 1120
YSI/MRI
Cambridge
Systems 137
Val1 dyne
Vail dyne
King KX170B/
HTI OVOR
MRI Data
System
Linear
Instruments
Axiom
Analysis Technique
Flame Photometric
Cheml luminescence
Modified by BCL
Cheml luminescence
Integrating
Nephelometer
Light Attenuation
In an Expansion
Chamber
Aerosol Charge
Acceptance
Pyranometer
Barrier-Layer
Photocell
Pressure
Fluctuations
Bead Thermistor/
Vortex Housing
Cooled Mirror
Absolute Pressure
Transducer
Differential
Pressure
Transducer
Aircraft OME/VOR
9-Trsck Tape -
6 hour capacity
In continuous
operation
Dual Channel
..
Normal Measure-
ment Ranges
(Full Scale)
100. 500. 1000 ppb
200. 500. 1000 ppb
500 ppb
10"4 and 10"3 m"1
105 en'3
Primarily responds
to .01 - .lu
particles
0 - 1026 w/m2
Cosine response
295 - 385 mu ,
0-34.5 w/m2
Cosine response
0 - 10 cmZ/3 s'1
-55° to *45° C
-50° to +50° C
0 - 3000 m msl
23 - 68 m s"1
0 to 359° and
0 to 150 km from
the station
+9.99 VOC
0.01. 0.1. 1, 10
VOC
80 character lines
Time Response
(to-90S)
30 s
5 - 10 s
5 s
<1 s
3 s
^•1 s
1 s
1 s
3 s (to 602)
5 s
0.5 s/Q C
1 s
1 s
1 s
Records data
once per
second
<1 s
Prints out data
Approximate
Resolution
1 ppb
<5 ppb
S ppb
ID'6 m'1
103 cm'3
..
2 w/m2
0.1 w/m2
0.1 cm2/' s-l
O.S' C
0.5° C
6 m
0.1 ns'1
1s (bearing).
0.2 km
(distance)
0.01 VOC
—
every 10
seconds and at
every event code
or data flag
change
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-6-
Table 2.3 Aerosol Size Distribution Measurements on Queen
Air. (Taken from BATTKLLK 'fl3/ Table 4.3)
Instrument Size Range Method
TSI 3030* 0.006-0.56 Aerosol Charger/Mobility
Analysis
PHS ASASP-Xb
Range 3 0.090-0.195 Optical Particle Counter
Range 2 0.15-0.30 Illumination 1ri Laser
Range 1 0.24-0.84 Cavity and 35° to 120°
Range 0 0.60-3.0 Collection
PMS FSSP-lOQb
Range 3 0.5-8 Forward Scattering
Range 2 1-16 Spectrometer Probe
Range 1 2-32
Range 0 2-47
^Automatic bag sampling system for TSI 3030; bagflll takes place 1n about 3 seconds
and occurs automatically every 5 minutes or on command.
bine Particle Measuring Systems (PMS) optical particle counters can be manually set
to any range, or can be set to automatically cycle through the ranges with 1 second
1n each range.
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Table 2.U Integrated Sample Collections and Analysis for Queen Air.
BATTELLE '83 Table 4.4)
(Taken fr
om
Determination
PAN
Collection
Medium
Hydrocarbons
SO". N0~
Elemental Carbon
Elemental
Composition
Total Inorganic
Nitrate
HN03 as N0~
Ammonia
Elemental
Composition
Teflon bags
2 iim Zefluor 47 mm
Pallflex Quartz 47 nun
2 pm Teflo 25 mm
1 pm Zefluor/1 pm
prewashed nylon
47 mm
2 pm Zefluor/oxallc
acid Impregnated
glass fiber
2 pm Teflo after
filter
Particle
Size Segregation
None
Bendlx 240 cyclone
(2.5 pm cut)
Bendlx 240 cyclone
(2.5 pm cut)
Bendlx 240 cyclone
(2.5 pm cut)
None
None
Impactor (SOX cut
at 4. 2, 1, and
0.5 pm)
Nominal
Flow Rate
(1pm ambient)
<1 (ram flow)
50
20
40
30
10
10
Analysis Method
Cryogenic preconcentratlon/
gas chromatography
Ion chromatography
GRALE: C
light absorption
X-ray fluorescence
EC-GC
colorlmetry
PIXE
i
-0
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— 8 —
The sampling missions and times for the two aircraft are summarized in Table 3.1.
Each aircraft had five flight missions, four being common to both aircraft. During three
of these common missions (viz. February 12, 16, 20), single-traverse, side-by-side and
simultaneous flights were made by the two aircraft for the purpose of inter-comparison
of data. Data plots showing such inter-comparison of common continuous monitors are
included in the EMI data volume (EMI, 1983).
2.2 Meteorological Measurements
Meteorological support for the program was provided by three organizations:
ROCKWELL, AV and SRI. ROCKWELL'S measurements were made at a surface
station, from 10 m and 100 m meteorological towers, and from vertical soundings, all
at a site about 1 km east of the Kincaid power plant. The ROCKWELL measurements
and instrumentation are outlined in Table 2.5. The vertical soundings were based on T-
sondes which were tracked by double theodolites, and which measured vertical profiles
of temperature and wind speed and direction.
Solar radiation is, of course, a crucial parameter for data analyses, for both disper-
sion and chemistry interpretations. The only radiation data collected directly under
CWPS auspices were at the ROCKWELL surface station at Kincaid, and the continu-
ous measurements of UV and broadband radiation in the MRI aircraft. Unfortunately,
good surface data were obtained only on February 20. Consequently, a substitute set of
total radiation data for the mission days was obtained in the form of continuous strip
chart recordings made at the Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) facility in Champaign,
IL, about 80 km to the northeast of Kincaid. The ISWS solar radiation data for each
day were digitized by us, and have been incorporated into the CWPS data base.
AV provided additional upper air soundings for the wind, temperature and hu-
midity vertical profiles in the PEL. A mobile minisonde platform was used to launch
pilot balloons equipped with pressure, temperature and relative humidity sensors. By
tracking the pilot balloon from a single theodolite, vertical profiles of horizontal wind
speed and direction were also determined. The AV minisonde was located at a different
downwind fixed site under the plume trajectory for each mission. The site was typi-
cally about 40-60 km downwind of Kincaid, the actual location being selected based on
the prevailing wind data obtained from the ROCKWELL soundings which commenced
shortly before the start of the aircraft mission. The AV site locations and pibal launch
periods are summarized in Table 2.6. Further details of the AV measurements and data
are contained in the AV data volume (AV, 1983).
SRI provided meteorological support pertaining to synoptic and local weather
review and forecasting tailored to the daily mission needs. An experienced weather
forecast meteorologist, utilizing the extensive resources of the local NWS weather fore-
cast office in St. Peters, MO, (near St. Louis) monitored the weather conditions and
provided frequent weather bulletins and forecasts to guide mission planning and exe-
cution. Some of the raw materials (weather maps, etc.) used by SRI are included in
our daily data volumes (appended to this report). Also included in those data vol-
umes are 3-hourly tabulations of pertinent data collected at the NWS surface weather
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Table 2.5
Source Emmissions and Meteorological Monitoring During CWPS.
from BATTELLE '83f Table 4.5)
(Taken
Variable
Source Emissions
S02 and NO
°2
Velocity
Temperature
Meteorological
100 m Tower
Wind Direction
Wind Speed
Temperature. T
uvw Winds (Gill)
Dewpolnt
10 m Tower
Temperature. T
Surface Station
Atmos. Pressure
Cloud Cover
Precipitation
Surface Temperature
Net Radiation
Solar Radiation
Sky Radiation
Number of Measurement
Locations
Stack
Stack
Stack
Stack
10 m. 30 m. 50 m. 100
10 m. 30 n. 50 m. 100
10 m-50 n; 10 ra-100 n
100 o
100 o
2 m-10 m
Frequency of
Measurements
Continuous
Continuous
Continuous
Continuous
Continuous
Continuous
Continuous
Continuous
Continuous
Continuous
Hourly
Hourly
Hourly
Continuous
Continuous
Continuous
Continuous
Equipment or Method UstI
Lear Slegler SM810
Lear Slegler CM50
Kurz 455 (Hot Wire)
Kurz 455
Teledyne Geotech 15658
Teledyne Geotech 15648
Teledyne Geotech T-200
R. H. Young 27004
Teledyne Geotech 00-200
Teledyne Geotech T-200
Teledyne Geotech 5P-100
Visual Observations
Teledyne Geotech PG2 OOH
Barnes PRT-S
Science Associates 622-1
Eppley NIP
Eppley 8-48
aAdapted from Table 3-1. Reference 3.
-------
-10-
Table 2.6
AV Airsonde Launch Schedule,
AV, 1983 )
(Taken from
Location
Rock Springs Center, Decatur, ILL
Launch Period
LST
121.3 . 1225
1308- 1316
1404- 1414
1533 - 1535
1626 - 1632
2-13-81
Mount Pulaski, ILL
0838
0939
1046
H44
1243
1340
1443
1543
1642
0849
0952
105-1
1158
1254
1354
1457
1554
1651
2-14-81
2-16-81
Boody, ILL
Decatur Airport, ILL
1249 - 1303
1339 - 1347
1129
1243
1338
1441
1536
1632
1744
1141
1257
1352
1455
1549
1646
1759
2-20-81
Pana, ELL
0252
0346
0444
0539
0644
0733
0935
1032
1131
1233
1332
0308
0401
0500
0553
0658
0748
0948
1047
1145
1246
1316
-------
— 11 —
observation stations in about a 100 km radius of Kincaid.
2.3 Aircraft Lidar Measurements
A two-frequency (I.R. and Green), downward-looking, airborne lidar system was
flown and operated by EPA-LV. The aircraft lidar typically flew at about 3 km altitude
in a pattern of cross-plume traverses at several downwind arcs. In normal operation,
the lidar emitted laser pulses downward and the return signal, representing aerosol
backscattering, thus provided a measure of aerosol distribution below. The return
signals were recorded on magnetic tapes. The data provide vertical profiles of aerosol
concentration (at 3 m vertical resolution) at approximately 10 m horizontal resolution.
The lidar data provide a visual depiction of the PBL and plume aerosol structure and
dynamics with broad spatial coverage.
The lidar aircraft flew missions on all five days. The lidar data complement the
other aircraft data of all experiments except the last one during daytime on February 20.
2.4 Stack Sampling
ROCKWELL performed continuous stack sampling for stack 862, NO and Oj,
as well as continuous monitoring of stack exit temperature and velocity. The single
187 m stack at Kincaid has an inner diameter of 9.0 meters. The measurements and
instrumentation for stack sampling are summarized in Table 2.5. The data are included
in the CWPS data base.
-------
— 12 —
3. CWPS MISSIONS
CWPS experiments were conducted on five separate days, viz. February 12, 13,
14, 16 and 20. Table 3.1 summarizes the times, prevailing atmospheric conditions,
and aircraft mission times for EMI, MRI and EPA-LV aircraft for all five days. The
EMI aircraft flew on all five days; The MRI aircraft did not fly on February 14, but
flew a complete predawn mission on February 20 (the only night mission of CWPS)
preceding their full daytime mission on the same day. The lidar aircraft flew all missions
except the daytime mission of February 20. Plume transport was mostly in the elevated
stable layers in all but the first and the last experiments (February 12 and 20 daytime
experiments). In these two leading and trailing experiments, the plume was well-mixed
within the convective daytime mixing layer. Plume background during all but one of
the experiments was fairly clean and dry. On February 16, the PEL air became very
hazy and foggy during the course of the experiment. However, except for a possible
brief period of entrainment of a portion of the plume into the upper portion of the
mixing layer on this day, the bulk of the plume transport was outside the very polluted
mixing layer.
Typical winter conditions did not prevail during the entire CWPS period. During
the first week (including the experiments of Feb. 12,13,14), the ambient conditions were
colder than average for this time of year with snow on the ground. The second week
(including Feb. 16 and 20), however, was unseasonably warm, with daytime ground
level temperatures peaking above 15 C (59°).
Aircraft missions of the five days are summarized in the form of flight outlines
and maps for the two in-situ aircraft, in Appendix Al. Table 3.2 summarizes the
participation of all platforms for all days. All times in the CWPS data base are in
Central Standard Time (GST).
-------
-13-
Table 3. 1 Summary of Plume Missions EMI, MRI and Lidar
Aircraft.
DATE MISSION CONDITIONS
2/12 Hell-mixed, daytime plume
Ground snow cover
(T0 = 12°P @ 0900)
Fairly clean background
2/13 Stable, daytime plume
Ground snow cover
(T0 » 9°P 6 0700)
Fairly clean background
2/14 Stable, daytime plume
Melting snow
(T0 = 15°F @ 745)
2/16 Elevated, daytime plume
Very warm day
(T0 > 60°F in PM)
Humid near ground
Relatively hazy day
2/20 Expt. 1: Stable, night-
time plume
2/20 Expt. 2: Well-mixed,
daytime plume
Very warm day
(T0 > 60°F in FM)
Clean air mass
SAMPLING PERIOD
EMI MRI LIDAR
0945-1430 1300-1845 1130-1345
0745-1600 0900-1530 900-1515
0745-1500
915-1530
1300-1730 1200-1915 1245-1600
0315-0715 245- 430
1030-1415 0900-1400
-------
TABLE 3.2
Summary of the Participation of All Platforms on February 12, 1981,
Organization and Tvne of Pata
iinim
3 li
p«v
6-7 8 9 10 11 12 13 111 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 21! i
EMI In-sltu aircraft
HHI In-situ aircraft
EPA - LV lldar
Rockwell T-80Dde
AV plbal
AV nlnl-aonde
NWS (SpringfieU)
UUS (St. Louis. Peorla. Springfield)
Illinois State Water Survey Solar Radiation
Rockwell Meteorological Tower
Rockwell Stack
MRI Inpactor
MHI liydrocarbon
riHI XHK -
X X
X X
X X
X
X
xxxxxxxx
XXX
xxxxxxxx
X X
X
X X
X X
XXX
XXX
X X X X X
xxxxxxxx
XXX
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X
XXX
X
XXX
XXX
XXX
-------
TABLE 3.3
Summary of the Participation of All Platforms on February 13, 1981,
atU
IIOUR Or IMT
0 1
? 6 7 B 9 10 11 12 13 l*i 15 16 17 16 19 20 21 22 a
[Ml In-sltu aircraft
HKI In-sltu aircraft
EPA - I.V lldar
Huukwell T-oonde
AV plbul
AV nlnl-eonde
NWS (r-prlngfleld)
nus (St. laule. Peorla. Springfield)
Illinois Stale Water Survey Solar Radiation
Rockwell Meteorological Tower
Rockwell Stack
Mill Inipactor
Hill hydrocarbon
ID) I XIIP
XXXXX XXX
X X X X XXX
X X X X X
XX XXXX XXX
XXXXX XXX
xxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
XXXX XXX
XXXX XXX
Jt X X X XXX
VJ1
-------
TABLE 3.U
Summary of the Participation of All Platforms on February 14, 1981.
Uivanliatlon anil Type of Data
linilH Off n«Y
0 1 2 3
; 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Hi IS 16 17 16 19 20 21 22
FMI in-allu aircraft
Mil In-sltu aircraft
EPA - I.V lldar
Rockuell T-aonde
AV plbal
AV ralnl-sonde
NWS (Springfield)
NWS (St. LouU. Peorla, Springfield)
Illinois Slate Water Survey Solar Radiation
Huckuell Meteorological Tower
Rockuell Stack
Mill lapactor
HUI hydrocarbon
Mill XHF
X X X X X X
XXX
XX XXX
XXX XXX
X X
X X
X X X X X X X
XXX
X X X X X X X
xxxxxxxxxxxxx
X X X X
xxxxxxxxxxx-xx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
-------
TABLE 3-5
Summary of the Participation of All Platforms on February 16, 1981,
Oi-l-.au I ration and Type of Data
HOUR Off MY
0 1 2 3
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Hi 15 16 17 16 19 20 21 22 ;-i
KMI In-ellu aircraft
Hill In-sllu aircraft
EI-A - I.V lldar
Hockwe 11 T-sonde
AV plbal
AV nlnl-sonde
NU:; (fiprliififlela)
NUii (St. loula, Peoria. Springfield)
lllliiulo Stale Hater Survey Solar Radiation
Rockwell Meteorological Tower
RuckweU Stuck
fQil lapactor
HHI hydrocarbon
Hill Xllf
X X X X X
X X X X X X
X X X X
XXXXX XXX
X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
XXX XX
XXX XX
XXX XX
H
-]
-------
TABLE 3.6
Summary of the Participation of All Platforms on February 20, 1981.
Uri-anl ration and Type of Data
IIUUH OF DA If
; 6 7 6 9 10 11 12 13 lli 15 16 17 16 19 20 21 & _'i
H4I In-sUii aircraft
MM In-sltu aircraft
EPA - LV lldar
Houkvell T-sonde
AV plbal
AV nlnl-eonde
NUT. (Springfield)
NUS (St. lonU. Peorla. Springfield)
Illlmils State Water Survey Solar Radiation
Rockwell Meteorological Tower
Rockwell Slack
HHI lapactor
Mil I hydrocarbon
Mil XIIK
X X X X X
xxxxx xxxxx
XXX
X XXXXXXXXXXXX
xxxxxx xxxxx
xxxxxx xxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
XXXX1XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
xxxxx xxxxx
xxxxx xxxxx
xxxxx xxxxx
I
H
00
-------
— 19 —
4. CWPS DATA BASE
The data base of CWPS is summarized in Table 4.1. The Table gives, for each
measurement platform, the measured parameters, temporal resolution of the data when
regular, and the form(s) in which the data are available. In general, the data base
exists in two forms—on magnetic tapes and in the form of reports and hard copy data
volumes.
The magnetic tape data base is in two parts—the aircraft raw data base, and the
final GDDB (General Distribution Data Base). The GDDB is the standardized final
user form of the data base on magnetic tapes. It includes all the validated data collected
in CWPS except the aircraft lidar data, and the EMI and MRI aircraft aerosol size
distribution data. The lidar data on tapes are in raw form only, very voluminous, and
not expected to be of interest to most users of CWPS data. The lidar hard copy data
volume contains a complete and easily usable photographic presentation of the data.
Corresponding to each lidar plume traverse, two photographs (one for I.R. return and
one for Green return) give the entire picture of aerosol spatial distribution in grey scale
contrast. The aircraft raw data base includes the raw data of the lidar aircraft as well
as of the two chemical sampling aircraft.
In what follows, we describe the hard copy data base and the GDDB of CWPS.
-------
-20-
TABLE U.I
JOINT EPA-EPRI COLO WEATHER PLUME STUDY (CUPS 1981)
SUMMARY OF MEASUREMENTS
UU/EPA Special Studies Data Center
Washington University
St. Louis, HO
Sponsor
Data Collecting
Organization Platform
Data Description
Archive Fora 4 Availability
EPA EMI Aircraft (Cessna 404)
Continuous
Data:
(2 sec.)
Aerosol
Size
Distribution!
Other
Samples;
5 Sampling Missions
Time. VOR/DME. (LAT/LONG). altitude, tenp.
dev point, SOj, SO/NO^, Oj, Bgca£. ANC.
Aeroaol charge, S0ft, K.SO^ (continuous
sulfate data believed to be of
unacceptable quality)
EM (Data not processed yet)
OPC (Data not processed yet)
Filter samples analyzed for SO*. NO*.
+
NH, and NH., HNO.
Grab aaaplea analyzed for detailed KC
spcclatlon
AV Plbala Discrete vertical soundings during mission days
Mlnlaonde altitude, wind
speed/direction, tenp
Hag tapes
Data Volume
Tabulations
In Data Volume
Tabulations
in Data Volume
Hag tape
Data Volume
SRI
EPA-LV
ILLINOIS (*)
STATE WATER
SURVEY
(Champaign, IL)
(*) Collected Independent of CUPS.
digitised at uu Data Center.
Heather Forecast and
Analysis Support
Aircraft Lidar
Surface station
Meteorological Sunnary Report
Continuous Tine, location, ground speed, ground
Data; te»p, dual frequency lldar return
(aerosol backseatter) at 20 ft. Intervals
( 10000 ft to ground level)
Flight mapa. photographic data pints
Total Incident solar radiation
Report
Man capes
Data Volume
Dnta plots
Mag tape
ISUS broad-band radiation data received In strlpchart fora, and subsequently
EPRI
MRI
Aircraft (Queen Air)
ROCKWELL
INTERNATIONAL
Source Monitoring
Net
Met
tower (10 n)
tower (100 n)
Surface station
Surface station
NWS Surface Obs.
(Springfield)
Continuous Time, location (Distance, heading from origin
Data! of each traverse), altitude, Indicated air
(1 s.) speed, tenp, dev point, turbulence,
UV & Bruad-band Radiation, SO,, NO. MO , HNOV
0Jt Bscat. ANC, Aerosol ChargE *
Aerosol Size
Distribution: EAA, OPC, FSSP
Other Filter
Samples; Samples:
Bag
Samples:
S04, NO (Ion Chromatography)
Elemental (XRP & PIXIE)
Composition
Total Inorg. H0} (EC-CC)
NHj (Colorioetry)
PAH. detailed HC speclatlon (GC)
S-mln average data
SO , NO. O-, Stack exit velocity & tenp
at (2 m - 10 m)
Wind speed/direction (10, 30, 50, 100 m)
a (10 m - 50 D. 10 n - 100 n)
Dev point (100 n)
u, v, v vlnds (100 D)
T , Radiation (Total, net, sky - data good 1 day only)
Hourly data
Acn. pressure, cloud cover, preclp.
Atm. pressure, T, dev point, wind speed/directIon,
celling height, cloud cover, precip.
Hag tapes
Data Volume
Mag tapes
Mag tape
Mag tape
Man tapes
Hag tnpe
Hat tape
Hag tape
-------
— 21 —
4.1 Hard Copy Data Base of CWPS
Besides this report and its appendices, there are two other detailed reports related
to CWPS. They are:
1. EMI (July 1984): Cold Weather Plume Study, Final Report to EPA (Contract
No. 68-02-3411)
2. Battelle, Columbus Labs (May 1983): Nitrogen Oxide Transformations in Power
Plant Plumes, Interim Report to EPRI (Research Project 1369-2)
The above reports describe the EPA and EPRI portions of the field program in
detail. There are three other Data Volumes also:
1. EMI (Dec. 1983): Cold Weather Plume Study, Chem I Data Volume
2. AV (June 1983): Cold Weather Plume Study, Upper Air Measurements, Report
No. DO81-025
3. EPA-Las Vegas (Jan. 1982): Airborne Downward Looking Lidar Measurements
During the Cold Weather Plume Study, Data Volume. EPA-EMSL, Las Vegas, TS-
AMD-81088
The following report prepared by SRI International provides a descriptive summary
of pertinent weather information for each day of the study, based on meteorological data
and guidance that were collected by SRI at the NWS Forecast Office in St. Peters, MO.
This report also includes selected maps and plots depicting radar summaries, satellite
photos, airmass trajectories and the upper air data of the Peoria and Salem, IL upper
air weather stations'.
4. SRI (June 1983): "Meteorological Summary Report, Cold Weather Plume
Study, St. Louis, MO." W. Viezee, SRI Project 1446 Report.
Finally, there are the five daily data volumes related to this report of Washington
University (Appendices A3, A4, A5, A6 and A7). These data volumes present, mostly
in graphical and partly in tabular form, the continuous data of both chemical aircraft
(EMI and MRI) as well as the meteorological data of Rockwell, AV and NWS. These
are the only data volumes which contain plots of the MRI aircraft data. Copies of these
unpublished data volumes can be provided by either the principal author or the EPA
Project Officer.
4.2 GDDB of CWPS on Magnetic Tapes
Table 4.2 summarizes the daily data base of GDDB in matrix form.
The data files are all in STATE-20 or STATE-VS formats. Documentation for
these data formats is included in Appendix A2.3. The only data files in STATE-VS are
the AV upper air (pibal and minisonde) data files and the Rockwell T-sonde data files.
-------
— 22 —
The GDDB of CWPS is written on two 2400 foot long, 1/2-inch wide, industry-
compatible, 9-Track magnetic tapes. The data packing density is 1600 bpi. Blocking
within each file is fixed, and block length is 1600 bytes.* The tapes have no labels
or ANSI standard volume and file labels. Each file on a tape is separated by a single
end-of-file (EOF) mark, and two EOF marks follow the last file on the tape. The data
are encoded in ASCII.
Tape 1 contains a total of 35 files comprising the data of February 12, 13, and
14. Thirty-two of these files are data files and three are daily summary files. Tape 2
contains a total of 27 files, 13 for February 16 (1 summary file and 12 data files) and
14 for February 20 (1 summary file and 13 data files). The data files are grouped by
day, and a leader file for each day with the name SUMMARY.mdd (mdd = 212, 213,
214, 216, and 220) simply contains a listing of the data files in that day's data base.
Each entry in the summary files gives the file name, organization collecting data, type
of data, and file format.
A listing of the daily summary files is included in Appendix 2.1. Collectively, this
listing is also a list of all the 62 files on the two tapes. This listing of files is followed
by a partial listing of the contents of each of the 12 data files of 13 February 1981
(Appendix A2.2). For each file, the partial listing gives the full contents of the header
and the comments sections, and in-between, the contents of a few data records at the
beginning and end of the data section.
The partial file content listings in the Appendix are followed by the documentation
of the STATE-20 and STATE-VS file formats (Appendix A2.3).
* All data files have fixed 1600 byte blocks. The daily summary flies (SUMARY.mdd), however,
have maximum block size of 1600 bytes.
-------
TABLE k.2
CATALOG OF FILES IN THE GDDB OF CWPS
ORGANIZATION
EMI
MRI
MRI
MRI
MRI
ROCKWELL
ROCKWELL
ROCKWELL
AV
AV
ROCKWELL
DATA DESCRIPTION
Aircraft continuous data
Aircraft continuous data
Aircraft integrated sample data
Aircraft elemental analysis (PIXE) data
Aircraft elemental analysis (XRF) data
Met tower and surface data at Kincaid
NWS surface weather data at Springfield
Stack sampling data
Pibal data
Airsonde data
T-sonde data
FILENAME*
DATA COLLECTION DATE
EMIA81
MRIA81
MRI INT
MRIPIX
MRIXRF
R81MET
R81NWS
R81STK
AV81PI
AV81AS
R81TS
.mdd
.mdd
.mdd
.mdd
.mdd
.mdd
.mdd
.mdd
.mdd
.mdd
.mdd
12
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
13
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
11*
X
-
-
-
-
X
X
X
X
X
X
16
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
20 (Feb.
X
X**
X
X
X
X
x
X
X
X
X
•81)
1
ro
U)
* The extension .mdd in the filenames identifies the date of the data in month and day, e.g. 212, 213,
2ll», 216 and 220
** There are two MRI continuous data files for 2/20/81 (one for each mission)
-------
— 24 —
APPENDIX Al
EMI, MRI AIRCRAFT FLIGHT OUTLINES AND MAPS
This appendix contains credits for
References 37 and 39. These references
are BATTELLE, 1983 and EMI, 1983, respectively
-------
— 25
APPENDIX Al.l
EMI AIRCRAFT FLIGHT OUTLINES AND MAPS
-------
-26-
EMI Flight Outline for February 12, 1981.
(Taken from Reference 39, Table 5.1)
EVENT
NO. TYPE
1 F
2 F
3 0
4 -T
5 F
6 F
7 T
8 F-0
9 T
10 F
11 S
12 F
13 T
14 F
15 T
16 T
17 T
18 F
19 F
TIME
0920-0945
0945-0954
0954-0959
0959-1003
1003-1014
1014-1026
1026-1037
1037-1043
1043-1048
1048-1054
1054-1106
1106-1116
1116-1124
1124-1134
1134-1141
1142-1146
1147-1152
1152-1200
1200-1231
ROUTE
KSUS-A
A-B
B-C
C-D
D-E-F
F-G
G-H
H-I
I-J
J-K
K
K-V-L
L-M
M-N-0
0-P
P-Q
Q-P
P-R
R-X
ALTITUDE
(m MSL)
622-470
470
470
470
470
470
470
COMMENTS ;
CYCLONE FILTER NO.
No magnetic data
S02 plume seen
(Coffeen?)
CF#15
k
470 If
470-318 1
378-1540 \CF# 18
1540-683 II
683
549
470
409
I Probably outside
1 mixing layer
409 V
409-927
897-592
Bg
CF#21
-------
-27-
(Continued) EMI Flight Outline for February 12,
1981. (Taken from Reference 39,
Table 5.1)
EVENT
NO. TYPE
20 T '
21 T
22 F
23 S
24 F
25 T
26 F
27 T
28 T
29 T
30 T
31 F
32 F
TIME
1231-1242
1243-1254
1254-1258
1302-1307
1307-1314
1314-1325
1325-1343
1343-1350
1351-1359
1401-1409
1410-1419
1419- ?
1540- ?
ROUTE
X-U-T
T-S
S-U
U
U-S
S-T
T-V
V-0
0-V
V-0
0-V
V-KSPI
KSPI-KSUS
ALTITUDE
(m MSL)
470
561
318
318-927
927-278
409
409-836
439
592
683
531
COMMENTS ;
CYCLONE FILTER NO.
,CF#23
Ozone instrument
problem
Ozone instrument
problem
Ozone instrument
problem
Ozone instrument
problem
No valid data after
134700
N
CF#25
J MRI flyby
1 No continuous data
•CF#24
No continuous data
J
-------
-23-
ORBIT
0 10 90 30 40 80
L.>N—•<-
SCALE (km;
EMI Plight Map for February 12, 1981.
(Taken from Reference 39, Figure 5.1)
-------
-29-
EMI Flight Outline for February 13, 1981,
morning flight. (Taken from Reference 39,
Table 5.2)
EVENT
NO. TYPE
1 F
2 F
3 T
4 T
5 T
6 T
7 F
8 S
9 T
10 T
11 T
12 T
13 T
14 F
15 F
16 T
17 Bg
18 T
19 T
20 F
21 T
NO EVENT
TIME
0746-0755
0755-0802
0802-0805
0805-0810
0810-0815
0815-0821
0821-0827
0827-0832
0835-0838
0838-0842
0843-0847
0847-0852
0852-0857
0857-0911
0911-0923
0924-0928
0928-0940
0940-0948
0948-0956
0956-0959
0959-1008
1008-1013
ROUTE
A-B
B-C
C-D
D-E
E-F
F-E
E-G
G
G-H
H-G
G-I
I-J
J-K
K-L-M-N
N-O-P
P-Q
Q-R-S
S-T
T-U
u-v
V-W
ALTITUDE
(m MSL)
905
783
631
631
631
631
631-417
417-1060
925
844
631
631
631
631
631
631
631
631
631
631
631
COMMENTS ;
CYCLONE FILTER NO.
CF#17
\
^
\
/
No plume found
No plume found
• CF#13
No plume found
>CF#16
S02 SOOppb
Data lost
-------
-30-
(Continued) EMI Flight Outline for February 13,
1981, morning flight. (Taken from
Reference 39, Table 5.2)
EVENT
UO. TYPE
22 T
23 T
24 T
25 F
26 T
27 T
NO EVENT
28 F
29 T
30 T
31 T
32 T
33 T
34 T
NO EVENT
35 T
36 S
TIME
1013-1016
1016-1021
1022-1030
1030-1036
1036-1045
1046-1056
1058-1102
1102-1108
1108-1117
1117-1122
1122-1128
1130-1135
1137-1141
1143-1148
1149-1154
1155-1159
1159-1201
ROUTE
Q-X
X-Y
Y-Z
Z-AA
AA-Y
Y-BB
CC-DD
DD-BB
BB-EE
EE-Z
Z-DD
DD-Z
Z-EE
BB-N
ALTITUDE
(m MSL)
539
539
539
509
509
539
539-600
600
600
631
661
600
539
479
448
448-844
COMMENTS ;
CYCLONE FILTER NO.
>CF#16
No plume found
/ S02 900ppb
Data lost
No plume found
\
> CF#30
Magnetic data lost
Manual data show
double plume:
700ppb, lOOppb S02
/
-------
-31-
Springfield
Power Plant
EV»* i
P>Taytorvilto
"V
K *s
SN Litchfield 4
x
Plant
^F SPIRAL
r<
ORBIT
0 10 gQ 30 40 80
SCALE (km;
EMI Plight Map for February 13, 1981,
(Taken from Reference 39, Figure 5.2)
-------
-32-
EMI Flight Outline for February 13, 1981,
afternoon flight. (Taken from Reference 39,
Table 5.3)
EVENT
NO. TYPE
NO EVENT
37 T
38 T
39 S
NO EVENT
40 T
41 T
42 T
43 T
44 T
45 T
46 T
47 T
48 T
49 T
50 T
NO EVENT
51 T
52 T
TIME
1318-1327
1327-1336
1337-1340
1340-1343
1343-1346
1346-1351
1352-1357
1357-1404
1406-1412
1413-1419
1420-1428
1432-1439
1440-1446
1447-1455
1455-1503
1504-1512
1513-1530
1530-1536
1538-1547
ROUTE
KSPI-A1
A'-B1
B'-C1
C1
D'-B1
B'-Ef
E'-B1
B'-F'
F'-B1
B'-G'
G'-Bf
B'-F1
F'-B1
B'-H'
H'-B1
B'-F'-I1
I'-J1
J'-K1
ALTITUDE
(m MSL)
528
437
437-741
650
589
528
467
437
376
406
467
528
528
589
528
589
COMMENTS ;
CYCLONE FILTER NO.
No data
No data
No plume found
>CF#14
|
Tape change; missed
I plume. S02>1000ppb
>CF#19
No data
}CF#31; No USF
-------
-33-
0 tt K) 30 40 50
SCALE (km;
EMI Flight Map for February 13, 1981. afternoon
flight. (Taken from Reference 39, Figure 5.3)
-------
-34-
EMI Flight Outline for February 14, 1981.
(Taken from Reference 39, Table 5.4)
EVENT
NO. TYPE
1 - Bg
2 F
3 T
4 F
S S
NO EVENT
6 T
7 T
8 T
9 T
10 F
11 T
12 F
13 T
14 F
15 T
16 F
17 T
18 0
TIME
0746-0811
0811-0814
0814-0819
0819-0824
0826-0830
0830-0835
0835-0845
0848-0857
0857-0907
0907-0918
0918-0930
0930-0947
0948-0955
0955-1005
1005-1010
1010-1024
1024-1032
1033-1048
1048-1055
ROUTE
A-B
B-C
C-0
D-E
E
D-F
F-D
D-F
F-D
D-G
G-H
H-I
I-J
J-K
K-L
1«™M— H
N-O
0
ALTITUDE
(m MSL)
908
908-542
572
572-390
390-969
969-664
664
572
496
511
COMMENTS;
CYCLONE FILTER NO.
J- CT039
No continuous data
Altitude drop at
Coffeen plume
fCF034
Coffeen again
Coffeen again;
1 30 sec. gap •
511
542
633
633
633-450
450
633
633
572
Probably Springfield too
CoffeenC?) & Kincaid
> CF«8
Coffeen(?) & Kincaid
30 sec. gap
Some plume; not pure
background.
j
-------
-35-
(Continued) EMI Flight Outline for February 14,
1981. (Taken from Reference 39,
Table 5.4)
EVENT
NO. TYPE
19 T
20 F
21 S
22 F
Mission II
23 T
24 T
25 T
26 T
27 F
28 S
NO EVENT
29 T
30 T
31 Zig-zag
32 F
TIME
1055-1104
1104-1109
1109-1112
1112-1124
1312-1318
1318-1328
1329-1339
1340-1350
1351-1354
1354-1359
1400-1403
1403-1408
1408-1410
1410-1454
1454-1528
ROUTE
0-P
P-Q
Q
Q-BLmgtn.
R-S
S-T
T-S
S-T
T-U
D
V-T
T-W
W-Kincaid
Kincald-
KSUS
ALTITUDE
(m MSL)
572
572-329
329-755
755-0
606
606
636
667
453-301
301-941
941-697
697
636
636-545
606
COMMENTS;
CYCLONE FILTER NO.
V
•CF035
/ Diagonal crossing
of Coffeen(?)
•CF037
CF036
-------
-36-
Lincoln a'/
-A-
•\
Decatur\
/ «»a% /
/Sprtngftold /
/Pow«r Plant ,' L
* \ . k
LAKE
Lfl Llf* A ll-\
fc^i r\t
KlNCAlD
^s'm
0 10 70 30 40 50
SCALE (km;
LJtchfield 4
Coff««n
Pow«r Plant
EMI Flight Map for February 14, 1981. (Taken
from Reference 39, Figure 5.4)
-------
-37-
EMI Flight Outline for February 16, 1981,
(Taken from Reference 39, Table 5.5)
EVENT
NO. TYPE
1 F
2 T
3 T
4 T
5 T
6 T
7 F
8 S
9 F
10 T
11 Bg
12 T
13 T
14 T
15 T
16 T
17 F
18 T
19 T
20 Zig-zag
21 F
TIME
1310-1351
1351-1407
1407-1419
1420-1429
1431-1438
1440-1447
1447-1457
1458-1503
1504-1512
1512-1523
1523-1536
1538-1548
1550-1559
1559-1604
1605-1611
1611-1616
1616-1628
1628-1642
1643-1649
1649-1716
1716-1734
ROUTE
A-B-C-D
0-E
E-F
F-E
E-F
G-H
H-I-J
J
J-G
G-E
E-K-L
L-M
M-L
L-N
N-L
L-N
N-O-G
G-P
P-Q
n-Klnfa-td
•^ BW^^HWB^B^
Kincaid-R
ALTITUDE
(m MSL)
739
739
647
678
586
678
678-342
342-921
921-769
769
744
728
708
617
556
495
495-678
678
617
678-586
769
COMMENTS;
CYCLONE FILTER NO.
CF044
\
Fly-by with MRI
> CF046
%
• CF049
30 sec. gap
/
\
" CFtfSl
J
CF47
-------
1 Mason CUy
„---""
Lincoln
- jm
^~8n t.
19 $&
.. Clinton
rCLINTntJ
LAKE
\
\
\
Champaign
JL
I.,'"
\
L\
CAP Decalur ^/
•Hft NNv^"r\
/7T^?_ j^ *c"
Oprlnan^ld y \ x?L.t
/Pow«rn«ni MKfi.--^ \ ^*°BCri
' . Vttl/->jin » -<•'
CofU.n V
Power Plant | .
W M M 40
M—tMC
••••^B
SCALE (kmi
i
CO
CO
EMI Flight Map for February 16, 1981. (Taken from Reference 39,
Figure 5.5)
-------
-39-
EMI Flight Outline for February 20, 1981.
(Taken from Reference 39, Table 5.6)
EVENT
NO. TYPE
1 F
2 Bg&O
3 F
4 T
5 T
NO EVENT
6 S
7 T
8 T
9 T
10 T
11 F
12 T
NO EVENT
13 T
14 T
15 T
16 T
17 T
18 F
TIME
1035-1053
1055-1101
1101-1118
1120-1124
1126-1130
1130-1135
1135-1140
1141-1144
1146-1150
1151-1154
1154-1200
1200-1215
1216-1229
1229-1223
1233-1246
1248-1255
1257-1312
1313-1328
1330-1344
1345-1415
ROUTE
A-B-C
C
C-D
D-E
E-F
G
G-E
E-G
G-E
E-F
F-I-J-K
K-L
M-N
N-0
0-P
P-0
0-P
P-Q-R-KSUS
ALTITUDE
(m MSL)
470-896
622
622
622
683
683-226
287-896
683
683
531
470
653
592
592
653
546
470
592
927-165
COMMENTS;
CYCLONE FILTER NO.
\
\ CF»58
J
>
> CF053
MRI fly-by
J
1204-1209 No cape
> Interpret with caution;
see summary text
Interpret with caution;
see summary text
Interpret with caution;
see summary text.
" CF052
Interpret with caution;
see summary text
Interpret with caution;
/ see summary text
CF057
-------
/ SprinofuTd
SHELBYVILLE
RESERVOIR
x Lllchliald4
»•' C^Q QCWNC&i
OoRBir
CARLYLEsCAKE
0 M tO M 40 M
tM^-U
SCALE (km)
I
?
EMI Flight Map for February 20, 1981. (Taken from Reference 39,
Figure 5.6)
-------
— 41 —
APPENDIX A1.2
MRI AIRCRAFT FLIGHT OUTLINES AND MAPS
-------
MRI FLIGHT OUTLINE
COLD WEATHER PLUME STUDY 12 February 1981
Pat!
Ho.
1
z
,
4
1
»
f
1
Plume Chemistry at 30 km and 60 km Ta
Sealing Ttaet Staling Altitude Trevert*
(HSTj Flight End • NSL length
Stirt End Type Paint* Stirt End or Orbit Tine
IZ36 IJ36 Orbit 1 911 60.0 Nln.
1136 1406 Traverse 1 - Z 111 I«.Z Km
1410 1411 Traverie Z - 1 510 1Z.* Km
•
•
144* I30Z Trevors* 4-3 31* 14.4 Rou
1306 1606 Orbit 6 91* 60.O Nil
1610 1613 Spiral 6 1*1- T6Z N.«.
1616 I6Z6 traverae 6 - T 31* 40.0 Km
i.
i
I»Z9 1849 Orbit Z 31* 10.0 Nln.
General weather i Clear, drr. cold: wlnda moderate aoutberlf
Prefll|ht airport tempi -4*C
Surface wlnda: 170* IZ m/a
Plumei North, moderate sUblUtr. well defined, limited
vertical mixing, mixing to giound began 1500-1600
Obaerver comment* I Excellent aamnlhul condition!, good
chemlatrf day
HCBig
ZB
2W
IW
Imicter
drua
Al
A2
A3
filter
Ul
Ul
U4
Ul-Z
teflon
H5
"NO
H6
•NO I
H7
ra-4
eflon
TS
LTER
T6
LTER
T7
TI-4
luirtt
grn
Q4
II
CM
O4
QI-3
OS
ft
Nl
riz
N3
e Number: 212
fflP
AZZ/
AZ1
AZZ/
AZ1
AZZ/
AZ1
AIZ/
AI3
AJ2/
All
Cttnentl
Plume orbit 30 km
Plume to background
Plume traverae 10 km
EMI croaa comparison
'lume traverae 40 km
Mume orbit 60 km
Plume aplral
Plume to background
iackg round
aome plume
contamination
Data afatem Inop all
Motel blanks
Flight blanks
I
*«
to
-------
-43-
City
\
\
Decatur
Springfield
ower Plant
LAKE
KINCAID
\
\
Kincaid
Power Plant
MRI Flight Map for February 12, 1981
-------
-44-
MRI Flight Outline for February 13, 1981.
(Taken from Reference 37, Table 4.30)
Pass
10.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Sanpling Tines
(NST)
Start End
852 901
904 912
913 921
922 930
932 940
944 952
953 958
1011 1016
1030 1035
1036 1043
1049 1054
1056 1100
1102 1106
1108 1113
1114 1118
1120 1124
1126 1129
1308 1317
1318 1324
1325 1330
1331 1341
1342 1350
1357 1400
1406 1417
1431 1531
General >eatner: Clear, dry
»re*ngnt airoort tenoeratun
Su-Tace vinos
»nime- Nortn
• mot caused
Oasemer com
• I JO" J n/s
. vertically sti
sane pluae aeam
ents:
Flight
VP«
Traverse
Traverse
Traverse
Traverse
Traverse
Traverse
Traverse
Spiral
Traverse
Traverse
Traverse
Traverse
Traverse
Traverse
Traverse
Traverse
Spiral
Traverse
Traverse
Traverse
Traverse
Traverse
Spiral
Traverse
Ore it
End
Points
2 - 1
1
2
1
2
1
2
3
4
2
2
4
2
4
2
4
3
S
6
7
6
5
8
S
10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
•
•inds soutnerly-Hgnt AH
!: 9-C
iftle urouotiout
lering earlier
2
1
2
1
2
4
2
4
4
2
4
2
4
2
6
7
6
S
6
9
1.
day. llgnt
in day
Sanpling Altitude
B HSl
Start End
533
488
457
427
549
518
488
305 . 762
579
549
518
488
457
427
396
366
762 - 274
472
549
488
427
396
183 • 762
457
457
oooerate PR
early oornlng
Traverse
lengtn
or Orbit Tine
26.0 KB.
26.0 KB.
26.0 KB.
26.0 Ka.
26.0 KB.
26.0 KB.
IS. 6 KB.
N.A.
15.6 KB.
15.6 KB.
15.6 KB.
15.6 KB.
15.6 KB.
15.6 KB.
15.6 Ka.
15.6 KB.
N.A.
30.8 KB.
17.8 KB.
17.8 KB.
30.8 KB.
30.8 KB.
N.A.
35.5 KB.
60.0 Nln.
Cooaents
Pluna traverse 28 ka
SOj overrange
•
•
Traverse below pluae
Traverse aoove pluae
Pluae traverse 28 u
S02 overrange
Pluae traverse 28 kn
NO,. SO;. "6 overrange
Pluae spiral 28 kn
Pluae traverse 28 ka
•
Pluae traverse 28 ka
S02. DG overrange
•
Pluae traverse 28 ka
S02 overrange
Plune traverse 28 KB
•
Plune spiral 28 «a
Pluae traverse 57 ica
502 overrange
•
Pluae traverse 57 ka
Pluae traverse 57 ka
SOj, bQ overrange
Pluae traverse 57 kn
Plune spiral 57 ka
502 overrange
Pluae traverse 57 kn
502. «G overrange
Background orDlt «1tn
pluae interference
-------
-45-
MRI Plight Map for February 13, 1981,
(Taken from Reference 37, Table 4.6)
-------
MRI Flight Outline for February 16, 1981. (Taken from Reference 37,
Table 4.13)
Pass
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Sampling Times
(MST)
Start End
1200
1300
1328
1428
1441
1452
1503
1300
1307
1428
1433
1447
1457
1507
Flight
Type
Orbit
Traverse
Orbit
Traverse
Traverse
Spiral
Zero Spiral
End
Points
1
1 - 2
3
3 - 4
4 - 5
3
Sampling Altitude
n NSL
Start End
488
640
610
610
671
198 - 914
914 - 244
Traverse
Length
or Orbit Time
60.0 Ntn.
22.4 Km.
60.0 Hln.
18.0 Km.
22.4 Km.
N.A.
N.A.
Comments
Plume orbit 36 km
some sampling In clouds
Plume to background
Plume orbit 81 km
Plume to background
Plume traverse 88 km
EMI cross comparison
Plume spiral 81 km
Zero spiral
1719
1819
Orbit
762
60.0 Mln.
Background orbit
exceptionally hazy
General weather; Overcast, warm, humid; fog and low level clouds
in sampling area, some-sampling done In clouds; winds moderate MSM;
background very hazy, visibility low
Preflight airport temperature; 15°C
Surface winds;240" 14 m/s
Plume: FNE, stable, well defined, no vertical mixing
Observer comments; Should be an Interesting plume chemistry day
-------
-47-
MRI Flight Map for February 16, 1981,
(Taken from Reference 37/Figure 4.2)
-------
MRI Flight Outline for February 20, 1981, first flight. (Taken from
Reference 37, Table 4.19)
Sampling Times
Pass (NST)
No. Start End
1 320 420
2 421 426
3 445 453
4 515 615
5 615 619
6 619 716
General weather: Clear, dry.
Preflight airport temperature:
Surface winds: 320" 16 m/
Flight
Type
Orbit
Traverse
Traverse
Orbit
Traverse
Orbit
End
Points
1
1 - 2
3 - 4
5
5-6
7
Sampling Altitude
in NSL
Start End
518
518
518
518
518
518
strong northwest wind
7°C
Plume: Southeast, stable, very narrow, no mixing
Observer comnents: Plume 400 ft thick from top to bottom.
Traverse
Length
or Orbit Time
60.0 Nln.
17.0 Km.
28.2 Km.
60.0 Hin.
11.2 Km.
56.9 Nin.
Comments
Plume orbit 58 kin
503 overrange
Plume to background
Plume traverse 58 km
Plume orbit 120 km
Plume to background
Background orbit
with plume interference
00
very difricut to stay In the plume
-------
-49-
MRI Plight Map for February 20, 1981, first
flight. (Taken from Reference 37, Figure 4.3)
-------
MRI Flight Outline for February 20, 1981, second flight. (Taken from
Reference 37, Table 4.24)
Pass
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Sampling Tines
(MST)
Start End
1014
1114
1148
1153
1300
1309
1114
1121
1150
1253
1304
1409
Flight
Type
Orbit
Traverse
Traverse
Orbit
Spiral
Orbit
End
Points
1
1 - 2
3-4
5
5
6
Sampling Altitude
• NSL
Start End
488
488
671
610
1067 - 183
610
Traverse
Length
or Orbit Time
60.1 Bin.
22.1 km
7.5 km.
60.0 oln.
N.A.
60.0 mln.
Comments
Plume orbit 32 km
SO^ overrange
Plume to background
32 km
Plume traverse 76 km
Plume orbit 76 km
Plume spiral
Background jorb It
Ui
o
General weather; Clear, dry, warmer than earlier fight: light to
moderate winds west northwest.
Plume; Southeast, wind direction changing during sampling, stable, no
vertical mixing, some meandering.
comments; Best EHI cross comparison In program, plume easier
to it ay with than earlier In the day.
-------
-51—
MRI Plight Map for February 20, 1981, second
flight. (Taken from Reference 37, Figure 4.4)
-------
— 52 —
APPENDIX A2
GDDB FILES, THEIR CONTENTS AND FORMATS
-------
— 53 —
APPENDIX A2.1
Listing of Files in GDDB-CWPS
-------
-54-
GDDB-CWPS: FILES ON TAPE 1
SUKARY.212
EMIA81 .212
MUIA01.212
! 1.' 1 1 MT . ? 1 2
ilJlPiX.212
M31XRF.212
AVaiAS.212
AV3 1 P I . 2 1 2
RaiVi.212
R31J1ET.212
R31NWS.212
K01STK.212
ISWS 01. RAD
SUKARY.213
EMIA81.213
MRIA81 .213
M3 1 1 NT . 2 1 3
M3 1 P I X . 2 1 3
K31XRF.213
AV01AS.213
AV8IPI.213
R31VS.Z13
R31MET.213
R31HWS.213
I131STK.213
ISUS81.RAD
SUMARY.214
EI1IA81 .213
AV81AS.214
AV81PI.214
R31VS.214
R31MET.2U
R3 1 NWS .214
R31STK.214
ISWS81.RAD
LIST OF FILES FOR 2/12/01
EMI EMI AIRCRAFT CONTINUOUS DATA
MRI MRI AIRCRAFT COH1 IIIUOUS DATA
MR I AIRCRAFT INTEGRATED SAMPLE DATA
MRI PIXE ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS DATA
MRI XRF ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS DATA
AV AIRSONDE DATA
AV PIBAL DATA
ROCKWELL SUPPI.EMF.HTAL TSOND DATA
ROCKWELL MET DATA AT KII1KAID
ROCKV/ELL NWS SURFACE STATION DATA
ROCKWELL STACK SAMPLING DATA
ISWS TOTAL SOLAR RADIATION DATA
LIST OF FILES FOR 2/13/81
EMI EMI AIRCRAFT CONTINUOUS DATA
MRI MRI AIRCRAFT CONTINUOUS DATA
MRI AIRCRAFT INTEGRATED SAMPLE DATA
MRI PIXE ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS DATA
MRI XRF ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS DATA
AV AIRSONDE DATA
AV PIBAL DATA
ROCKWELL SUPPLEMENTAL TSOND DATA
ROCKWELL MET DATA AT KINKAID
ROCKWELL NWS SURFACE STATION DATA
ROCKV/ELL STACK SAMPLING DATA
ISWS TOTAL SOLAR RADIATION DATA
LIST OF FILES FOR 2/14/81
EMI EMI AIRCRAFT CONTINUOUS DATA
AV AIRSONDE DATA
AV PIBAL DATA
ROCKWELL SUPPLEMENTAL TSOND DATA
ROCKWELL MET DATA AT KINKAID
ROCKV/ELL NV/S SURFACE STATION DATA
ROCKWELL STACK SAMPLING DATA
ISWS TOTAL SOLAR RADIATION DATA
STATE-20
STATE-20
STATE-20
STATE-20
STATE-20
STATE-VS
STATE-VS
STATE-VS
STATE-20
STATE-20
STATE-20
STATE-20
STATE-20
STATE-20
STATE-20
STATE-20
STATE-20
STATE-VS
STATE-VS
STATE-VS
STATE-20
STATE-20
STATE-20
STATE-20
STATE-20
STATE-VS
STATE-VS
STATE-VS
STATE-20
STATE-20
STATE-20
STATE-20
GDDB-CWPS: FILES ON TAPE 2
SUMARY.216 LIST OF FILES FOR 2/16/81
EMIA81.216 EMI EMI AIRCRAFT CONTINUOUS DATA STATE-20
MRIA81.216 MRI MRI AIRCRAFT CONTINUOUS DATA STATE-20
Mai INT.216 MRI AIRCRAFT INTEGRATED SAMPLE DATA STATE-20
M31PIX.216 MRI PIXE ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS DATA STATE-20
M31XRF.216 MRI XRF ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS DATA STATE-20
AV81AS.216 AV AIRSONDE DATA STATE-VS
AV81PI.216 AV PIBAL DATA STATE-VS
R31VS.21G ROCKWELL SUPPLEMENTAL TSOND DATA STATE-VS
R81MET.216 ROCKV/ELL MET DATA AT KINKAID STATE-20
R31NWS.216 ROCKWELL NWS SURFACE STATION DATA STATE-20
R31STK.216 ROCKV/ELL STACK SAMPLING DATA STATE-20
ISWS81.RAD ISWS TOTAL SOLAR RADIATION DATA STATE-20
LIST OF FILES FOR 2/20/81
SUMARY.220
EMIA81.220 EMI EMI AIRCRAFT CONTINUOUS DATA STATE-20
MR IAS 1.220 MRI MRI AIRCRAFT CONTINUOUS DATA STATE-20
MRIA81B.220 MRI MRI AIRCRAFT CONTINUOUS DATA STATE-20
M31INT.220 MRI AIRCRAFT INTEGRATED SAMPLE DATA STATE-20
M81PIX.220 MRI PIXE ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS DATA STATE-20
M31XRF.220 MRI XRF ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS DATA STATE-20
AV81AS.220 AV AIRSONDE DATA STATE-VS
AV81PI.220 AV PIBAL DATA STATE-VS
R81VS.220 ROCKWELL SUPPLEMENTAL TSOND DATA STATE-VS
R81MET.220 ROCKWELL MET DATA AT KINKAID STATE-20
R31NWS.220 ROCKWELL NWS SURFACE STATION DATA STATE-20
R31STK.220 ROCKWELL STACK SAMPLING DATA STATE-20
ISWS81.RAD ISWS TOTAL SOLAR RADIATION DATA STATE-20
-------
— 55 —
APPENDIX A2.2
Partial Listing of Contents of Data Files of 2/13/81
-------
-56-
18 RECORDS AT BEGINNING OF FILE
20 3 22 EMIA81.213 02/13/81 2. SECONDS
COLD WEATHER PLuMi SfUDY l481 EMI EMI AIRCRAFT CONTINUOUS DATA
<8F10.2,/,8F10.2,/,lF10.2,lF10.0,2F10.2,2F10.3t20X)
DATE TIME CST ALTITUDE 0S02 VOR VORFQ DME
TOP S02 NO NOX OZONE BSCAT ANC
PRESSURE EVENT 0NOX 903 LATITUDE LONGITUD
YYMMDD HHMMSS M MSL PPB DEGREES HZ KM
DEGREE C PPB PPB PPB PPB 10-4M-1 KN/CC
MILLIBAR CODE PPB PPB DD.D N DD.D U
TEMP
CHARGE
DEGREE C
SEE (5)
10857
81
25
1100
0
-25
500
810213
-10000
.02
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
240000
2000
0
0
74632
-2
.00
.00
10.
.00
.00
0.
.00
.04
3000
1000
1000
0
0
0
904
14
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
.95
.24
1000.00
1000.00
200.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
100.00
19.64
360.00
100.00
40.500
0.00
0.00
38.000
51.00
-9959.69
118.00'
10.00
91.000
108.00
0.00
87.000
117.40
0.21
250
100
0
0
95
3
.00
.00
.00
.00
.19
.54
25.00
12000.00
-25.00
0.00
0.80
4.00
35 RECORDS AT END OF FILE
982.20 0. 500.00 200.00 40.303 88.999
810213.00 154916.00 467.14 500.00 123.00 115.20 545.04
-10002.09 40.98 -0.89 16.63 23.74 0.45 20.09
982.20 0. 500.00 200.00 40.302 88.998
810213.00 154918.00 467.14 500.00 116.00' 115.20 79.27
-10002.52 40.16 1.12 18.07 38.75 0.47 20.05
982.20 .0. 500.00 200.00 40.301 88.997
COMMENTS:
1) 9S02.9NOX.003. AND 0ANC CONTAIN VALUES OF S02. NO/NOX.03. AND ANC
INSTRUMENT RANGE SETTINGS. THE RANGE INFORMATION HAS BEEN INCORPORATED
INTO THE DATA VALUES OF THE APPROPRIATE POLLUTANT CHANNELS.
2) VOR/DME DATA LOGGING VAS BASED ON CONTINUOUS CYCLING (APPROXIMATELY
EVERY FIVE SECONDS) BETWEEN TWO GROUND VORTAC STATIONS. THE VORTAC
FREQUENCIES ARE RECORDED IN THE VORFQ CHANNEL.
3> LONG/LAT DATA ARE INFERRED BASED ON THE VOR/DME DATA.
4) ANC " AITKEN NUCLEI COUNT. KN/CC " 1000 NUCLEI PER CUBIC CENTIMETER.
-1.45
51.63
-1.40
51.00
5) CHARGE
CHARGER.
UNCALIBRATED VOLTAGE SIGNAL OF THE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY AEROSOL
6) THE EMI AIRCRAFT ALSO MADE CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF THE PARTICULATE
SULFUR AND THE H2S04 COMPONENT OF IT. IT IS CURRENTLY BELIEVED THAT THE
DATA OF THESE PARAMETERS ARE NOT USABLE. AND ARE NOT INCLUDED HERE.
ATTEMPTS WILL CONTINUE TO BE MADE TO VERIFY THIS. IF GOOD DATA IS REALIZED,
IT WILL BE MADE AVAILABLE LATER.
7) THE EMI AIRCRAFT ALSO MADE SOME AEROSOL SIZE DISTRIBUTION MEASUREMENTS
BASED ON AN OPTICAL PARTICLE COUNTER AND AN ELECTRICAL AEROSOL ANALYZER.
THESE DATA HAVE NOT YET BEEN PROCESSED, AND THE RAW DATA ARE NOT INCLUDED
HERE. RESULTS OF THE INFERRED AEROSOL SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS WILL BE MADE
AVAILABLE IN HARD COPY FORM IN THE NEAR FUTURE.
-------
-57-
25 RECORDS AT BEGINNING OF FILE
20 4 30 MRIA81.J
COLD WEATHER
DY
2/13/81
1981 MRI
(8FI0.2,/,6F10.1,F10.3,FI0.0,/,8F10.3,/,6F10.2)
10. SECONDS
MRI AIRCRAFT CONTINUOUS DATA
TIME CST ALTITUDE PRESSURE IAS TURB TEMP TOP CNC
CHARGER LOGBSPGR 03 NT NOX S02 DISTANCE BAG FLAG
ALPHAB-G ALPHAG-R BSPGREEN BSP BLUE BSP RED NO NEPHTEMP UVRAD
TOTRAD EAA CURR EVENT RH-CALC LATITUDE LONGITUD
HHMMSS M MSL MB M/SEC R UNIT OEG C DEG C 1000CM-3
PPB PPB PPB PPB KM V
10-4/M 10-4/M 10-4/M PPB DEG K U/M2
W/M2 NAMP CODE PERCENT DEGREES DEGREES
13264
240000.00
385.0
5.780
1624.00
0.00
-38.0
-1.670
0.00
85229.00
-15.0
1.680
467.00
85230.00
3000.00
416.0
5.780
4930.00
0.00
0.0
-1.860
-642.00
523.00
238.0
1.700
-999.00
523.00
1010.00
500.0
14.450
5.00
0.00
-4.0
0.000
0.00
971.00
39.0
0.240
2.00
971.00
71.00
1500.0
18.890
100.00
0.00
-2.0
a. 000
0.00
52.00
11.0
0.330
37.01
52.00
7.00
1500.0
9.594
41.00
0.00
0.0
0.000
38.00
0.30
6.0
0.162
0.00
0.30
14.00
1511.0
1518.000
90.00
-10.10
-11.0
-7.000
88.00
0.00
6.0
6.000
0.00
0.00
7.60
80.000
300.000
-27.70
0.000
0.000
-13.10
0.050
277.000
-13.10
111..
I
37.7
0.J
j
-0.4
2.J
j
15.1
2.J
5.
0.
30 RECORDS AT END OF FILE
35.0
1.540
412.00
153115.00
34.0
1.570
402.00
153115.00
0.0
0.000
0.00
253.0
1.870
3.00
468.00
252.0
1.790
3.00
0.00
0.0
0.000
0.00
35.0
0.339
-999.00
968.00
35.0
0.331
16.0
0.454
35.83
56.00
17.0
0.446
-999.00-100000.00
0.00
0.0
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.0
0.000
100.00
19.0
0.220
0.00
0.40
19.0
0.219
0.00
0.00
0.0
0.000
0.00
STATION,
-1.0
8.000
0.00
-0.90
-1.0
9.000 '
0.00
0.00
0.0
0.000
0.00
59.980
276.000
-999.00
60.000
276.000
0.00
0.000
0.000
0.
15.180
13.00
0.
15.040
0.00
0.
0.000
MRI AIRBORNE SAMPLING
COLD WEATHER PLUME STUDY, KINCAID GENERATING
DATA, COLLECTED FROM 02/12/81 THRU 01/20/81.
1) LOCATION DATA ARE BASED ON INTERPOLATED LONGITUDE AND LATITUDE VALUES
BETWEEN EVENT END POINT VALUES. END POINT VALUES ARE INFERRED FROM AIRCRAFT
NAVIGATIONAL DATA.
2) R UNIT = CM^(2/3)/SEC
3) NT REPRESENTS AL GASEOUS NITROGEN OXIDES, INCLUDING HN03.
NOX - NT-HN03
4> RH-CALC REPRESENTS CALCULATED RELATIVE HUMIDITY BASED ON TEMPERATURE (T)
AND DEW-POINT (TOP) DATA ACCORDING TO FORMULA:
RH-CALC » ( (231.8 + 1.8CTDP - 0.1TH / (231.8 + 1.62T) >**8
5) TIME IS CENTRAL STANDARD TIME (CST).
6) VALUE OF +/- 999 FOR ANY CHANNEL INDICATES NO VALID DATA.
-------
-58-
25 RECORDS AT BEGINNING OF FILE
20 4 26 M81INT.213 2/13/80 0. IREGULAR
CWPS 1981 MRI AIRCRAFT INTEGRATED SAMPLE DATA
(2F10.0,6F10.3./.8F10.3,/,8F10.3,/.2F10.3,60X)
TSTART
PAN
I-PENTAN
M+P-XYL
KHMMSS
PPB
P?BC
PI>BC
TEND
ETHANE
N-PENTAN
0-XYLENE
HHMMSS
PPBC
PPBC
PPBC
N03P
ETHYLENE
2-METHP
UG/M3
PPBC
PPBC
S04P
ACETYLEN
3-METHP
UG/M3
PPBC
PPBC
NH4P
PROPANE
N-HEXANE
UG/M3
PPBC
PPBC
SP
PROPENE
BENZENE
UG/M3
PPBC
PPBC
TN03IO
I-BUTANE
TOLUENE
UG/M3
PPBC
PPBC
TN03P
N-BUTANE
ETHYLBZ
UG/M3
PPBC
PPBC
236000.
0.100
3.900
3.S00
0.
0.100
3.500
2.200
85200.
0.100
3.900
2.200
103000.
236000.
8.000
2.100
1.700
0.
6.900
1.700
1.100
102000.
8.000
2.100
1.100
113000.
0.830
11.700
1.700
-0.180
9.800
0.600
0.480
11.700
1.700
0.830
7.520
6.200
1.700
2.830
5.200
1.100
2.830
6.200
1.700
3.500
1.210
7.400
1.200
0.860
6.600
0.600
0.930
7.400
0.600
0.860
1.870
0.600
3.300
1.230
2.600
1.230
0.100
3.300
1.410
2.840
2.000
6.600
0.920
1.400
4.200
1.160
2.000
4.200
0.920
2.790
5.
1.100
0.670
4.600
0.700
0.980
5.000
0.700
0.860
30 RECORDS AT "END OF FILE
-995.000 -995.000
131000. 142000. 0.770 7.520 1.210 1.870 1.310
0.100 6.900 9.800 5.200 6.600 0.600 1.400
3.500 1.700 0.600 1.100 1.200 2.600 6.600
3.500 1.700
143000. 153000. -0.180 4.540 0.890 1.870 2.840
-995.000 -995.000 -995.000 -995.000 -995.000 -995.000 -995.000
-S95.000 -995.000 -995.000 -995.000 -995.000 -995.000 -995.000
-995.000 -995.000
TSTART,TEND = START/END TIMES (CST) OF INTEGRATED SAMPLE
THE AEROSOL CONCETRATION DATA (CHANNELS 3-8> ARE BASED ON ANALYSES OF
INTEGRATED FILTER SAMPLES.
THE PAN AND HYDROCARBON DATA (CHANNELS 9-26) ARE BASED ON ANALYSES OF
INTEGRATED BAG SAMPLES.
THE FOLLOWING ARE DEFINITIONS OF PARAMETERS WHOSE NAMES MAY NOT BE
SELF-EXPLANATORY:
N03P
S04P
UH4P
SP
TN03IO
TN03P
ACETYLEN
I-PENTAN
N-PENTAN
2-METHP
3-METHP
ETHYLBZ
K+P-XYL
PARTICIPATE NITRATE
PARTICULATE SULFATE
< 2.5 MICRONS
< 2.5 MICRONS
PARTICULATE AMMONIUM < 2.5 MICRONS
PARTICULATE SULFUR < 2.5 MICRONS
TOTAL INORGANI'C NITRATE
TOTAL PARTICULATE NITRATE
ACETYLENE
I-PENTANE
N-PENTANE
2-METHYLPENTANE
3-METHYLPENTANE
ETHYLBENZENE
M+P-XYLENE
0.670
4.600
1.100
2.790
•995.000
•995.000
-------
-59-
35 RECORDS AT BEGINNING OF FILE
20 9 67 M81PIX
CWPS 1981
(3F10.2)
TSTART
AL2
SIF
S 3
K 1
CA4
MN2
FEF
ZN3
KHMMSS
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
TEND
AL3
P 1
S 4
K 2
CAP
MN3
GUI
ZN4
HHMMSS
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
.213 2/13/81 0. IREGULAR
MRI PIXE ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS DATA
NA1
AL4
P 2
S F
K 3
Til
MN4
CU2
ZNF
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
NA2
ALF
P 3
CL1
K 4
TI2
MNF
CU3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
NA3
SI1
P 4
CL2
K F
TI3
FE1
CU4
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
NA4
SI2
P F
CL3
CA1
TI4
FEZ
CUF
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
NAF
SI3
S 1
CL4
CA2
TIF
FE3
ZN1
UG/M3
UG/N3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
AL1
SI4
S 2
CLF
CA3
MN1
FE4
ZN2
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
236000.00 236000.00
30.20
195.00
33.10
262.00
5.20
-0.70
6.20
4.50
0.00
94.80
-35.40
17.30
23.40
-12.60
219.00
54.00
0.00
3.10
3.40
3.20
0.00
27.10
-12.60
19.60
85.00
1.40
-7.10
1240.00
14.90
62.80
0.60
0.80
0.00
68.10
-4.60
-7.10
1650.00
92.50
0.00
-15.00
87.30
5.10
12.00
29.00
0.00
-6.80
0.00
-15.00
25.60
27.70
1900.00
-13.70
17.70
58.90
3.30
1220.00
0.00
35.60
500.00
-13.70
61.50
7.20
317.00
-30.20
0.00
570.00
1.50
194.00
0.00
-4.30
360.00
-30.20
0.00
0.00
96.60
217.00
0.00
78.50
0.00
48.40
11.50
0.00
61.40
23.50
0.00
621.00
23.80
48.20
0.00
20.90
6.10
14.50
10.40
182.00
-0.60
16.50
0.00
18 RECORDS AT END OF FILE
4.50
3
143000.00 153000
THE
MR I
94.80
195.00
17.30
43.90
1.40
-0.70
34.60
26.60
DATA IN
AIRCRAFT
27
-12
19
69
0
3
0
9
THIS
•
.20
.00
.10
.60
.60
.90
.00
.10
.00
.20
FILE
0
68
-4
-7
1650
8
12
-0
0
0
ARE
.00
.10
.60
.10
.00
.80
.50
.20
.00
.00
BASED
92.50 35.60
0.00 500.00
-IS. 00 -13.70
25.60 61.50
-1.90 58.90
7 . 20 2 . 20
29.00 93.70
0.00 0.00
ON IMP ACTOR SAMPLES
-4
360
-30
0
118
-0
95
0
.30
.00
.20
.00
.00
.10
.30
.00
COLLECTED
0.00
61.40
23.50
0.00
84.80
0.00
20.20
23.00
IN THE
182.
-0.
16.
0.
15.
3.
3.
35.
00
60
50
00
00
60
90
60
ELEMENTAL IMPACTOR DATA OF THE FOUR STAGES
REPRESENT 50X CUTS AT 4,2,1,0.5 MICRONS.
SAMPLE COLLECTION WAS ON 2 MICRON TEFLON AFTER FILTER, AND ANALYSIS WAS
BY PIXE.
-------
-60-
20 RECORDS AT BEGINNING OF FILE
20 5 34 M31XRF.213 2/13/81
CWPS 1981 MRI
(2F10.0t6F10.3,/,8F10.3,/,8F10.3,/,8F
TSTART
CA
ZiN
ZR
I-:G
KHMMSS
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
TEND
TI
GA
PO
PB
HHMMSS
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
AL
V
AS
AG
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
3
236000.
0.024
0.015
0.013
0.000
0.
23G000.
0.007
0.002
0.008
0.011
0.
SI
CR
SE
CD
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
0. IREGULAR
XRF ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS
10.3,/,2F10.3,60X>
P S CL
MN FE NI
BR RB SR
IN SN SB
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
0.237
0.002
0.007
0.002
0.144
0.
0.
0.
0.
212
001
004
019
0.200
0.073
0.001
0.003
0.001
0.048
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
K
CU
Y
BA
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
UG/M3
1.870
0.065
0.003
0.012
1.240
0,
0,
0,
005
002
001
007
-0.009
0.057
-0.001
IS. 03SI
0.022
0.033
15 RECORDS AT END OF FILE
0.013
0.0'70
103000.
0.021
0.012
-0.008
0.000
131000.
0.021
0.013
.7.002
0.000
ELEMENTAL
0.006
0.007
1 1 3000 .
0.007
0.002
0.008
0.004
153000.
0.006
0.001
0.003
0.011
COMPOSITION
0.002
0.157
0.002
0.007
-0.003
0.237
0.002
0.001
-0.001
DATA ARE
0.019
0.206
0.000
0.003
0.011
0.212
0.000
0.004
0.011
-0.003
0.
0.
0.
-0,
070
000
003
004
0.
0.
.073
.001
0.002
0.001
BASED ON SAMPLE
0.010
1.410
0.065
0.000
0.012
1.870
0.041
0.003
-0.011
-0.011
-0.009
0.002
-0.001
-0.010
-0.005
0.001
0.001
-0.007
COLLECTION ON 2 MICRON TEFLON 25MM FILTERS IN THE MRI AICRAFT.
THE SAMPLES WERE ANALYZED BY X-RAY FLOURESCENCE.
-0.043
0.057
-0.002
0.000
0.022
0.033
-0.001
0.000
-0.028
TOTAL OF 42 RECORDS IN FILE M81XRF.213
-------
-61-
38 RECORDS AT BEGINNING OF FILE
FORMAT: STATE-VS
PHYSICAL RECORD: 80 BYTES LOGICAL RECORD: 80 BYTES
PROJECT: COLD WEATHER PLUME STUDY -- AIRSONDE MEASUREMENTS
ORGANIZATION: AEROVIRONMENT
TYPE OF DATA: COLD WEATHER PLUME STUDY -- AIRSONDE DATA
FILENAME: AV8IAS.2I3 DATE OF DATA COLLECTION: 2/13/81
DELTA T: VALUE = 0 UNITS CODE = 0
NO. OF PARAMETERS PER RECORD: 7
DATA RECORD FORMAT: (2(F8.0.X),3
-------
-62-
38 RECORDS AT BEGINNING OF FILE
FORMAT: STATE-VS
PHYSICAL RECORD: 80 BYTES LOGICAL RECORD: 80 BYTES
PROJECT: COLD WEATHER PLUME STUDY ~ PIBAL MEASUREMENTS
ORGANIZATION: AEROVIRONMENT
TYPE OF DATA: COLD WEATHER PLUME STUDY — PIBAL DATA
FILENAME: AV81PI.213 DATE OF DATA COLLECTION: 2/13/81
DELTA T: VALUE - 0 UNITS CODE = 0
NO. OF PARAMETERS PER RECORD: 7
DATA RECORD FORMAT: <2,F9.1,X.F8.0.X.F9.1,X,2
LAT.
DDDMMSS
0.
90.
39.
41.
0.1810000E+03 M MSL
0.1810000E+03 M MSL
NO. OF SUBFILE DATA RECORDS:
21381.
21381.
21331.
21381.
21381.
21381.
33830.
33900.
83930.
34000.
84030.
84100.
268.0
344.0
415.0
484.0
552.0
620.0
193.
205.
213.
191.
191.
198.
15
8.6
6.6
4.8
4.9
6.3
6.9
890950.
890950.
890950.
890950.
890950.
890950.
400036.
400036.
400036.
400036.
400036.
400036.
10 RECORDS AT END OF FILE
13.2 890950.
13.2 890950.
890950.
890950.
13.4
12.6
21331. 164630. 834.0 229.
21381. 164700. 906.0 229.
21381. 164730. 979.0 227.
21381. 164800. 1051.0 229.
21381. 164330. 1124.0 229.
21381. 164900. 1197.0 226.
OTHER INFORMATION RELEVANT TO SUBFILE
G0END OF SUBFILE 8
&&
FILE CREATION DATE: 24-FEB-84 CREATING PROGRAM: AVVS
11.8 890950.
11.6 890950.
400036.
400036.
400036.
400036.
400036.
400036.
TOTAL OF 282 RECORDS IN FILE AV81PI.213
-------
-63-
33 RECORDS AT BEGINNING OF FILE
FORMAT: STATE-VS
PHYSICAL RECORD: 80 BYTES LOGICAL RECORD: 80 BYTES
PROJECT: COLD WEATHER PLUME STUDY T-SONDE DATA FEB 1981
ORGANIZATION: ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL
TYPE OF DATA: SUPPLEMENTAL TSOND DATA FEB81
FILENAME: R81VS.213 DATE OF DATA COLLECTION: 02/13/81
DELTA T: VALUE = 0 UNITS CODE = 0
NO. OF PARAMETERS PER RECORD: 4
DATA RECORD FORMAT: (4E10.4)
PARAMETER NAMES
1SOND HT TSOND WD TSOND WS TSONDTMP
PARAMETER UNITS
M DEGREES M/S K
DATA MINIMA
0.0000E+000.1610E+030.2700E+010.2607E+03
DATA MAXIMA
0.1630E+040.2730E+030.1540E+020.2754E+03
PLOT MINIMA
0./J000E+000.2000E+020.1000E+010.2500E+03
PLOT MAXIMA
0.2000E +040.4000E +030.3000E +020.2900E +03
NO. OF SUBFILES: 9
&&END OF MAIN HEADER
SUBFILE 1
LOCATION OF OBSERVATION (NAME, LAT, LONG, ELEV)
NAME
INITIAL POSITION:
FINAL POSITION:
TIME OF OBSERVATION
DATE: 02/13/81
TIME: 50000
NO. OF SUBFILE DATA RECORDS: 13
0.JE/000E+00-.9950E+03-.9950E+030.2607E+03
KINCAID ILLINOIS PLANT
0.3935300E+06N 0.8929300E+06W 0.2000000E+03 M MSL
0.3935300E+06N 0.8929300E+06W 0.2000000E+03 M MSL
IS RECORDS AT END OF FILE
0.1370E+040.2220E+030.8700E+010.2730E+03
0.1460E+040.2200E+030.9400E+010.2732E+03
0.1541E+040.2220E+030.7900E+010.2731E+03
OTHER INFORMATION RELEVANT TO SUBFILE 9
00END OF SUBFILE 9
ii
FILE CREATION DATE: 23-FEB-84 CREATING PROGRAM: ROCKVS
COLD WEATHER PLUME STUDY, KINCAID ILLINOIS PLANT, T-SONDE DATA FOR CENTRAL SITE,
COLLECTED ON 02/13/81. DATA FOR 9 SEPARATE LAUNCHINGS ON THIS DATE ARE IN
SEPARATE SUBFILES. THE TIMES FOR EACH LAUNCHING ARE AS FOLLOWS-
0500 0645 0804 0916 1019 1117 1343 1446 1552 CST
ORIGINAL DATA TAPE FOR THIS INTENSIVE STUDY PERIOD PREPARED BY ALAN JONCICH OF
ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL, PHONE 805-498-6771. STATE FORMATTED TAPE PREPARED AT
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SPECIAL STUDIES DATA CENTER.
THE VALUE -995 IS USED TO DENOTE INVALIDATED DATA.
TOTAL OF 313 RECORDS IN FILE R81VS.213
-------
-64-
22 RECORDS AT BEGINNING OF FILE
20 5 38 R81MET.213 02/13/81 5. MINUTES
CUPS 1981 ROCKWELL MET DATA AT KINKAID
lF10.0.7F10.3./,8F10.3,/t8F10.3./,8F10.3,/,6F10.3,20X)
TIME CST
DT10-S0M
RMGST
SGWD030M
UW GILL
HilMMSS
K
K
DEGREES
M2/S2
288
236000.
14.670
273.900
4.958
-999.000
0.
8.776
259.600
WS 10M
DT10-100
T10MTOW
SGV/D050M
VW GILL
M/S
K
K
DEGREES
M2/S2
WS 30M
TOP
DTZ-10M
SGWD100M
SGU GILL
M/S
K
K
DEGREES
M/S
WS 50M
P
WD 10M
V GILL
SGV GILL
M/S
MILLIBAR
DEGREES
M/S
M/S
WS 100M
NI RAD
WD 30M
W GILL
SGW GILL
M/S
WATTS/M2
DEGREES
M/S
M/S
TEMP010M
NET RAD
WD 50M
WS GILL
RH
K
WATTS/M2
DEGREES
M/S
PERCENT
TEMP050M
DIF RAD
WD 100M
WD GILL
K
WATTS/M2
DEGREES
DEGREES
TEMP100M
PRECIP
SGWD010M
UV GILL
K
MM
DEGREES
M2/S2
5.857
1.459
271.600
0.000
-999.000
1.343
14.580
257.800
10.900
264.400
4.970
3.225
-999.000
4.061
259.300
-0.691
-999.000
2037.000
20G.800
10.850
-999.J
-999.Jl
1017.000
1.340
13.370
-999.000
198.900
-0.640
-999.000
4.951
-999.000
145.300
349.100
151.000
-999.000
10.900
0.363
349.000
-96.960
-999.000
360.500
149.400
217.600
179.600
357.800
1.340
151.500
363.700
0.000
6.073
-999.000
363.600
0.000
2.748
18 RECORDS AT END OF FILE
263.200 262.400 1.668 144.800 151.000 -999.000 167.400
1.087 0.000 0.351 10.610 -1.147 10.680 -999.000
-999.000 -999.000 -999.000 -999.000
235500. 2.054 6.406 -999.000
-999.000 -999.000 263.300 1018.000
262.000 262.300 1.628 147.600
2.116 0.000 0.731 10.850
-999.000 -999.000 -999.000 -999.000
COLD WEATHER PLUME STUDY,KINCAID ILLINOIS PLANT.
METEOROLOGICAL DATA FOR CENTRAL SITE, COLLECTED FROM
02/09/81 THRU 02/22/81. ORIGINAL DATA TAPE FOR
THIS INTENSIVE STUDY PERIOD PREPARED BY ALAN
JONCICH OF ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL, PHONE
825-498-6771. STATE FORMATTED TAPE PREPARED AT WU/EPA SPECIAL
STUDIES DATA CENTER. THESE MET DATA WERE COLLECTED FROM TWO
MET TOWERS (10M AND 100M) AND AT A SURFACE SITE.
FOR DETAILS. REFER TO CWPS REPORTS OF WU (GILLANI ET AL. 1985) AND
OF BATTELLE COLUMBUS (1983).
151.000 -999.000
-1.147 10.680
-999.000 -999.000
11.430
-999.000
153.700
-1.004
-999.000
999.000
999.000
-999.000
-38.260
-999.000
10.900
-999.000
-999.000
3.508
169.600
-999.000
-999.000
0.000
-999.000
-999.000
TOTAL OF 1474 RECORDS IN FILE R81MET.213
-------
-65-
12 RECORDS AT BEGINNING OF FILE
20 2 9 R81NWS.213
CWPS 1981
(FQ.0.QF9.2)
TIME CST NWS PRES
NWS PREC
HHMMSS MILLIBAR
MM
236000.
0.
0.
10000.
1044.00
1040.00
1042.00
1043.00
02/13/81 1. HOURS
ROCKWELL NWS SURFACE STATION DATA
NWS TEMP
K
273.70
262.60
263.70
263.10
NWS DP
K
NWS WD
DEGREES
26.87 190.00
259.30 160.00
260.40 180.00
259.30 180.00
NWS WS
M/S
NWS CH
M
NWS CC
TENTHS
7.72 33000.00 1.00 0.00
3.09 33000.00 0.00 0.00
6.69 33000.00 0.00 0.00
5.66 33000.00 0.00 0.00
17 RECORDS AT END OF FILE
4.11 33000.00
3.09 33000.00
3.60 33000.00
4.11 33000.00
5.14 33000.00
3.09 33000.00
180000. 1041.00 270.90 266.50 160.00
190000. 1041.00 270.90 267.60 170.00
200000. 1041.00 269.80 267.60 170.00
210000. 1040.00 269.30 267.00 160.00
220000. 1040.00 268.70 264.80 160.00
230000. 1040.00 268.70 265.90 170.00
COLD WEATHER PLUME STUDY,KINCAID ILLINOIS PLANT,
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DATA FOR SPRINGFIELD, IL, COLLECTED
02/09/81 THRU 02/22/81. ORIGINAL DATA TAPE FOR
THIS INTENSIVE STUDY PERIOD PREPARED BY ALAN
JONCICH OF ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL, PHONE
a.ffS-498-6771. STATE FORMATTED TAPE PREPARED BY
WU/EPA SPECIAL STUDIES CENTER.
DP = DEW POINT TEMPERATURE
WD/WS « WIND DIRECTION AND SPEED
CK/CC • CLOUD BASE HEIGHT AND CLOUD COVER
1.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
FROM
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
TOTAL OF 45 RECORDS IN FILE R81NWS.213
-------
-66-
12 RECORDS AT BEGINNING OF FILE
ZS 1 6 R01STK.213 02/13/81 5. MINUTES
CUPS 1931 ROCKWELL STACK SAMPLING DATA
«5F10.2,20X>
TIME STCK S02 STCK NO STCK 02 STCK VEL STCK TMP
HHMMSS PPM PPM PPM M/S K
238
23G00.er.00 1836.00 593.00 119.00 22.00 388.00
0.00 1518.00 436.00 103.00 18.00 379.00
0.00 1637.00 477.00 114.00 19.00 379.00
500.00 1611.00 473.00 114.00 19.00 379.00
1000.00 1617.00 471.00 113.00 19.00 380.00
1500.00 1658.00 495.00 110.00 18.00 380.00
15 RECORDS AT END OF FILE
232500.00 1643.00 533.00 112.00 21.00 384.00
233000.00 1666.00 549.00 111.00 21.00 384.00
233500.00 1704.00 565.00 109.00 20.00 385.00
234000.00 1704.00 569.00 110.00 20.00 386.00
234500.00 1669.00 549.00 111.00 21.00 386.00
235000.00 1666.00 543.00 111.00 21.00 386.00
235500.00 1652.00 535.00 112.00 21.00 386.00
COLD WEATHER PLUME STUDY.KINCAID ILLINOIS PLANT,
STACK DATA FOR CENTRAL SITE, COLLECTED FROM
02/09/81 THRU 02/22/81. ORIGINAL DATA TAPE FOR
THIS INTENSIVE STUDY PERIOD PREPARED BY ALAN
JONCICH OF ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL, PHONE
305-498-6771. STATE FORMATTED TAPE PREPARED BY
VU/EPA SPECIAL STUDIES DATA CENTER AT WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY,
2/12/85.
TOTAL OF 304 RECORDS IN FILE R31STK.213
-------
-67-
15 RECORDS AT BEGINNING OF FILE
20 1 4 ISWS81.RAD 1.
CWPS 1981 ISWS
UF10.2.40X)
DATE TIME SOL ISWS EVENT
VVMMDD HHMMSS W/M2 CODE
117
310222.00 240000.00 1000.00 5.00
310212.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
810212.00 0.00 0.00 2.00
310212.00 10000.00 0.00 2.00
810212.00 20000.00 0.00 2.00
310212.00 30000.00 0.00 2.00
310212.00 40000.00 0.00 2.00
310212.00 50000.00 0.00 2.00
310212.00 60000.00 0.00 2.00
MINUTES
TOTAL SOLAR RADIATION DATA
10 RECORDS AT END OF FILE
310220.00 160000.00
310220.00 170000.00
810220.00 180000.00
310220.00 190000.00
310220.00 200000.00
810220.00 210000.00
310220.00 220000.00
310220.00 230000.00
306.60
175.20
29.20
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
.00
.00
.00
.00
2.00
2.00
DATA WAS OBTAINED FROM ILLINOIS STATE WATER SURVEY, CHAMPAIGN.
DATA WAS DIGITIZED FROM STRIP CHART PLOTS.
00
TOTAL OF 127 RECORDS IN FILE ISWS81.RAD
-------
— 68 —
APPENDIX A2.3
Documentation of STATB-20 and STATE-VS File Formats
-------
-69-
STATE-20 DOCUMENTATION
The STATE-20 data file format has been designed for data of
a time-series form, i.e. sequential data records', each consisting
of a time and corresponding values of a certain number of measured
variables. Most data in the STATE data base, (comprising the GDDBs
of MISTT, TPS, PEPE/NEROS, and CWPS) are of this form. Hence,
STATE-20 is the most predominant data file format in these GDDBs.
File Format
The entire file is written in fixed 80-character card images
(logical records). Each file has the following overall structure:
HEADER SECTION
DATA SECTION
COMMENTS SECTION
EOF (End of File mark)
The comments section consists of an arbitrary number of
logical records with literal information of an elucidatory nature
— who, what, when, where, why, how, problems, quality assessment,
exceptions, definitions, etc. It includes, in particular,
definitions of data variables whose names are not self-explanatory.
The comments section starts immediately following the data section.
No separation markers or records exist. The start of the data
section and its length, however, are predefined. The end of the
comments is followed by an end-of-file (EOF) marker.
The data section contains the actual data of the measured
variables, grouped into individual repeated observations. Each
observation consists of one set of values of the measured variables
(including date and time of the observation). Observations are
sequential and chronological, and they all have the same format
since the same variables are repeated in each observation. This
observation format is a predefined syntactically correct FORTRAN
format incorporating several 80-character records in one observation,
The header section contains important information which
self-documents the file format and contents. It defines the
number of variables (NVAR) and the number of 80-character
logical records (NREC) in each observation; it identifies the
data variables by their assigned names, and gives the specific
FORTRAN format of each observation of data; and'it gives the
averaging time of the observation (i.e. the inter-observation
time interval for continuous data) and the overall size of the
data section, i.e. the total number of observations (NOBS) in
the data section.
-------
-70-
The detailed record-by-record documentation of the file
is as follows:
HI: Content
Header Records (Logical Hi, H2, ... )
- NVERSION, NREC, NVAR, FILENAME, DATEC, DELTAT,
UNITDT
Column(s) - 1-2
Format
Definitions -
5-6 7-10 13-22 25-32 35-39
12 12 12 10A1* 8A1 F5.0
(* = left justified)
41-48
8A1*
NVERSION
NREC •
NVAR
FILENAME
FFFFFF
.XXX
H2:
DATEC
DELTAT
UNITDT
Content
= 20
current version of this STATE format
= number of 80-character logical records per
observation
= number of variables in one observation
= FFFFFF.XXX
= any upto-6-character alphanumeric filename,
starting in column 13. Usually, this name has
the form OOOOyy, where OOOO is an identifier
of organization/platform collecting data, and
yy denotes year of data collection.
Examples: MRI75, WU76, NASA80, UVDIAL
= any upto-3-character alphanumeric filename
extension. For dated missions, we recommend
XXX to provide the date in the form mdd, where
m=month (1-9 = Jan-Sept; A,B,C = Oct,Nov,Dec),
and dd=day of month (1-31)
= Date of data collection, preferably in the
format mm/dd/yy.
= Time interval between successive observations,
if fixed (0 for irregular intervals).
= Unit of DELTAT (e.g. HOURS, MIN, SEC, etc.)
- PROJECT, ORGANIZATION COLLECTING DATA, DATA
DESCRIPTION
Format
- (30A1, 10A1, 40A1)
-------
-71-
H3: Data encoding format in parentheses. The format is assumed
to be syntactically correct FORTRAN format with NVAR fields
in F or E format (no I-format); use of X for spacing and /
for line feed may be used in the format statement. Example
for an observation with NVAR = 17 and NREC = 2:
(9F8.2, 8X, /, 5F7.1, 3E13.6, 6X)
H(4a, 4b, etc...as needed):
Names of the NVAR data variables, 8 per line, in (8(8Al, 2X))
format.
H(5a, 5b, etc...as needed):
Units of the NVAR variables, 8 per line, in (8(8A1, 2X)) format.
H6: Number of total data observations (NOBS) in file in 110 format.
End of Header Section
Data Records (Logical Dl, D2, ... )
The total number of logical records in this section is NREC*
(NOBS+2). The first 2*NREC records contain the physical upper and
lower bounds of all data variables. The remaining NREONOBS records
contain the actual data of the NOBS observations. The data section
thus has the following record-by-record form:
D(l to NREC):
Physical upper bounds of data variable values in specified
FORTRAN format for any data observation
D(NREC+1 to 2*NREC):
Physical lower bounds of data variable values in observation
format
D(2*NREC + 1 to NREC*[NOBS+2]):
The actual observed data in observation format.
End of Data Section
Comment Records (Logical Cl, C2, ... )
Cl to Last logical record of file:
Arbitrary number of logical records with literal comments
containing any useful information concerning the program,
the data variables, data quality assessment, references
to related reports, people to contact for help, or any
other useful message for posterity.
EOF
End of File
-------
-72-
STATE-VS DOCUMENTATION
The STATE-VS format has been designed as a complement to
the currently existing STATE-20 format. STATE-20 is appropriate
for time-series type data, while STATE-VS is appropriate for
vertical soundings type data, e.g. pibal, radiosonde, sodar, etc.
File Format
Each file normally contains the data of all vertical soundings
of a given platform (or station) for a given day. The filename has
the form nnnnnn.mdd, nnnnnn= any I.D. of file (e.g. organization,
type of data, etc.), and
mdd = month, day (e.g. 724=July 24)
= date of data collection
(A=October, B=November, C=December)
The overall file format is as follows:
FILE HEADER RECORDS
SUBFILE 1
(for first sounding)
@@
subfile header records
subfile data records
subfile comment records
SUBFILE 2
(second sounding)
[ subfile header records
< subfile data records
subfile comment records
SUBFILE n
<§<§
&&
FILE COMMENT RECORDS
EOF
-------
-73-
The main file header defines such specific items common to all
soundings in the file as Project, Organization Collecting Data,
Type of Data, Filename, Reported Data Parameters, their Units,
Range, etc./ Data Record Format and Size, etc. If the data are
of vertical soundings, the first parameter should be the height
level (altitude).
The main file comments provide any additional information common
to the total data set which is judged useful, but which cannot be
included in the main file header.
Each subfile contains the information pertinent to a single sounding.
Subfiles must be arranged in chronological order. The subfile header
specifically defines the time and location of the sounding and the
number of records (height levels for a vertical sounding) in the
subfile. Each data record provides a height level and the corres-
ponding data of the measured parameters (e.g. wind speed, wind
direction). The subfile is concluded by any comment records
specific to this sounding.
Logical record size is fixed at 80 characters.
-------
-74-
(a) Main File Header
The main file header defines specific minimum file information
in a specific format. In the following header format description,
underlined character strings are to be fixed, as indicated, and
the rest of the information is variable.
Record 1: FORMAT; STATE-VS
Record 2: PHYSICAL RECORD; 80_ BYTES, LOGICAL RECORD: 80^ BYTES
Record 3: PROJECT: (T10,71A1)
Record 4: ORGANIZATION; (T15,66A1)
Record 5: TYPE OF DATA; (T15,66A1)
Record 6: FILENAME; (Tll,nnnnnn.mdd) DATE OF DATA COLLECTION; MM/DD/YY
Record 7: DELTA T; VALUE =(T20/I3) UNITS CODE = (T39,I2)
This record provides information about time interval between
soundings.
UNITS CODE = 0 indicates interval is irregular
= 1 indicates interval is in seconds
= 2 indicates interval is in minutes
= 3 indicates interval is in hours
(e.g. 3-hourly soundings defined by value = 3, code = 3).
Record 8: NO. OF PARAMETERS PER RECORD; (T30,I4)
Record 9: DATA RECORD FORMAT; (Data encoding format in parenthesis)
Open parenthesis to be placed in column 21. The
encoding format is assumed to contain a syntactically
correct FORTRAN format specification utilizing only
F, E and X format codes (no I-format please!) and
"read record" slashes, suitable for decoding the
data. Example: (F6.0, 2E12.4, 2F5.0, 40X)
Record 10 PARAMETER NAMES
Record 11:Logical record 11 should contain the parameter names in the
format: n(8Al, 2X), n=number of parameters
-------
-75-
Record 12: PARAMETER UNITS
Record 13: Logical record 13 should contain the parameter units in the
format: n(8Al,2X), n=number of parameters.
Record 14: DATA MINIMA
Record 15: The actual or possible minimum values of the parameters in data
record format
Record 16: DATA MAXIMA
The actual or possible maximum values of the parameters in
data record format
Record 17: PLOT MINIMA
Record 18: Suggested lower bound values of the parameters to be used for
general plotting purposes
Record 19: PLOT MAXIMA .
Record' 20: Suggested upper bound values of the parameters to be used for
general plotting purposes.
N.B. Data min/max range should include range of valid data
values, including outlier (but valid) values.
Plot min/max range would normally include normal data
values (and possibly not include valid outliers).
Record 21: NO. OF SUBFILES; (T19,I3)
Record 22: && (end of Main File Header)
-------
-76-
Record
Record
Record
Record
1:
2:
3:
4:
(b) Subfile Header
SUBFILE (T8,I3) Sequential subfile number
LOCATION OF OBSERVATION
NAME; (T26,55A1) Literal name of location, if any.
INITIAL POSITION; (T26,E14.7,2X,E14.7,2X,E14.7}
LAT
LONG
ELEV(m MSL)
Record 5:
FINAL POSITION; (T26,E14.7,2X,E14.7,2X,E14.7)
LAT LONG ELEV
For stationary platforms (e.g. PIBAL during a single sounding),
initial and final positions will be same. For a moving plat-
form, such as an aircraft lidar making a remote vertical profile
sounding, the subfile may contain an average profile measured
between aircraft initial and final positions during averaging
time.
TIME OF OBSERVATION
DATE; (T26, MM/DD/YY)
TIME; (T26, HHMMSS)
NO. OF SUBFILE DATA RECORDS; (T30,I10)
: Start of data records (in specified data record format)
N data records
Record 10 Start of comment records (80A1 format)
+ N:
Record
Record
Record
Record
Record
6:
7:
8:
9:
10
@@
(End of subfile)
------- |