United States     April
       Environmental Protection  1989
       Agency
       Office of Water
vxEPA LEAD
       In School
       Drinking Water

       A Manual For
       Schools And
       Day Care
       Centers

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       EPA estimates that every year
    over a quarter of a million children
      are exposed to lead in drinking
       water at levels high enough to
       impair their intellectual and
      physical development. Some of
      this exposure occurs in sclwols
          and day care centers.
    The children in your school or day
 care center may be drinking water with
 high  concentrations of lead. Medical
 research shows lead to be a toxic metal
 which can be  harmful  to human health
 even at low exposure levels. Young chil-
 dren, infants, and fetuses are  especially
 vulnerable to lead because the physical and
 behavioral effects of lead occur at lower
 exposure levels in children than in adults.
    In passing the Amendment to the Safe
 Drinking  Water Act known as the Lead
 Contamination Control Act,  Congress
 specifically addressed the problem of lead
 in the  drinking water of schools and day
 care centers. EPA's manual, Lead in
 School Drinking Water, explains your
 responsibilities under this important law,
 especially if your school supplies its own
 water.  It also gives you the information
 you need to conduct a thorough and
 accurate testing program and advice on
 implementing  effective lead reduction
measures.

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LEAD
IN SCHOOL
DRINKING
WATER
Taking action
   Lead usually enters a school's drinking
water through the corrosion of materials
containing lead in its interior distributi-
on/plumbing system. Testing is the only sure
way of telling whether or not there are harm-
ful amounts of lead in  the water. EPA's
easy-to-use manual provides not only gener-
al  information on the causes and effects of
lead contamination, but step-by-step instruc-
tions for sampling the water to detect lead
contamination and pinpoint its source.

Who should use this  manual?
   Public and private school officials with
responsibility for the quality of drinking
water in their schools, including:
 • Superintendents of Schools
 • Principals
 • Heads of buildings and grounds or
   facilities departments
 • Science department chairpersons
 • Heads of nursery schools and day
   care organizations

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 What the manual provides
  O  general information on the significance
    of lead in school drinking water and
    specifically its effects on children;
  ©  an overview of the amendments to the
    Safe Drinking Water Act and
    regulations which affect school
    administrators;
  ©  information on how lead gets into your
    school's drinking water, when to expect
    lead contamination, and how to make
    an accurate plumbing profile of your
    school;
  0  a protocol which includes simple, step-
    by-step sampling procedures to help
    you detect the presence of lead in your
    school's water and pinpoint its source;
  0 advice on the options available to
    reduce or eliminate lead in your
    school's drinking water;
  ® information necessary to train your
    personnel in sampling and remedial
    programs.

   Lead in drinking water can be a sensitive
issue.  This manual  will  also help you
respond to public concerns about school
drinking water and prepare informational
materials (such as handouts and bulletins)
for your community.
 Lead In School Drinking Water (GPO Stock
 # 055-000-00281-9), is available for $3.25 per
 copy from the Superintendent of Documents,
 U.S. Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402
               For easier ordering, you may
 use the attached order form.

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Please send me	copy(s) of the EPA publication, Lead in School Drinking Water.
The GPO Stock number is 055-000-00281-9.  I enclose $3.25 for each copy ordered (check or
money order).
Name	          Amount
                                                             Enclosed
Organization,
Address
City	State	Zip.
RETURN TO:    Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402
            (202) 783-3238

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