Selected
Publications
on
Risk Assessment
January 2002
(Cincinnati,
-------
SUMMARY
The Selected Publications on Risk Assessment is a compilation of the published works of
the National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) (formerly known as the
Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office (ECAO) - Cincinnati scientific staff. This report
is arranged by category (i.e. Cancer Risk Assessment, Noncancer Risk Assessment).
Contact:
Donna Tucker
Technical Information Manager
National Center for Environmental Assessment
26 W. Martin Luther King Dr.
Cincinnati, OH 45268
(513)569-7257
tucker.donna@epa.gov
The Selected Publications on Risk Assessment, NCEA-Cin
Prepared by: Linda Ketcham, IntelliTech, Inc.
Prepared for: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental
Assessment
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SELECTED PUBLICATIONS ON RISK ASSESSMENT - NATIONAL CENTER
FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
Summary iii
General Risk Assessment 1-3
Cancer Risk Assessment 4
Noncancer Risk Assessment 4-6
Mixtures Risk Assessment 6-11
Chemical-Specific Risk Assessment 11-16
Ecological Risk Assessment 16-18
11
-------
SELECTED PUBLICATIONS ON RISK ASSESSMENT
(arranged by Category)
GENERAL RISK ASSESSMENT
Belcher, G.D., C.C. Travis and R.F. Bruins.
1991. The food chain as a source of human
exposure from municipal waste combustion:
An uncertainty analysis. In: Municipal Waste
Incineration Risk Assessment: Disposition,
Food Chain Impacts, Uncertainty and
Research Needs, C.C. Travis, ed. Plenum
Press, NY. p. 175-215.
DeRosa, C.T., H. Choudhury and R.S.
Schoeny. 1993. Information needs for risk
assessment. Presented at the Symposium on
Access and Use of Information Resources in
Assessing Health Risks from Chemical
Exposures. June 22-29, 1990. Oak Ridge,
TN. p. 21-29.
Donohue, J.M. and J.C. Lipscomb. 2002.
Health advisory values for drinking water
contaminants and the methodology for
determining acute exposure values. Set. Tot.
Env. 288: 43-49.
Dourson, M.L. and J.M. Clark. 1990. Fish
consumption advisories: Toward a unified,
scientifically credible approach. Reg. Tox.
Pharm. 12: 165-172.
Erdreich, L.S. 1988. Combining animal and
human studies. Resolving conflicts,
summarizing the evidence. In: Epidemiology
and Health Risk Assessment, L. Gordia, ed.
Oxford University Press, NY. p. 197-207.
Erdreich, L.S. and C. Burnett. 1985.
Improving the use of epidemiologic data in
health risk assessment. Tox. Ind. Hlth. 1(4):
65-81.
Erdreich, L.S. and E. Lee. 1981. Use of
relative operating characteristic analysis in
epidemiology. Am. J. Epidem. 114(5): 649-
662.
French, C., W. Peters, B. Maxwell, G. Rice, et
al. 1997. Assessment of health risks due to
hazardous air pollutant emissions from
electric utilities. Proceedings of the 1997 Tn-
Service/EPA/ATSDR toxicology conference
on issues and applications in toxicology and
risk assessment. Drug Chem. Tox. 20(4):
375-386.
Harvey, T., K.R. Mahaffey, S. Velazquez
and M. Dourson. 1995. Holistic risk
assessment: An emerging process for
environmental decisions. Reg. Tox. Pharm.
22: 110-117.
Hertzberg, R.C. 1991. Quantitative
extrapolation of toxicological findings. In.
Statistics in Toxicology, D. Krewski and C.
Franklin, ed. Gordon and Breach Science
Publishers, New York, NY. p. 629-652.
Hertzberg, R.C. 1992. Studies on toxicity of
mixtures and interacting chemicals user's
guide (MIXTOX) U.S. EPA, Environmental
Criteria and Assessment Office, Cincinnati,
OH. 45268. Available on diskette.
Hertzberg, R.C. 1997. "Acceptance of the
benchmark approach to toxicity testing:
proponent's statement". Point-counterpoint
session, Proceedings of the 2nd World
Congress on Alternatives and Animal Use in
the Life Sciences, Utrecht, the Netherlands,
October 1996. L.F.M. van Zutphen and M.
Balls, ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, p. 755-760.
-------
Hertzberg, R.C. 2002. Extrapolation. In:
Encyclopedia of Environmetrics, A.H. El-
Shaarawi and W.W. Piegorsch, eds. John
Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK. pp. 1-7.
Kowal, N.E., R.J.F. Bruins and C. Sonich-
Mullin. 1989. Overview of risk assessment
toxic and pathogenic agents. Proceedings:
Water Quality Technology Conference,
American Waters Works Association.
Philadelphia, PA, Nov. 12-15, 1989. p. 90-
119.
Lipscomb, J.C. and G.L. Kedderis. 2002.
Incorporating human interindividual
biotransformation variance in health risk
assessment. Sci. Tot. Env. 288: 13-21.
Mukerjee, D. 1998. Assessment of risk from
multimedia exposures of children to
environmental chemicals. J. Air Waste
Manage. Assoc. 48:483-501.
(This paper is discussed by a panel of experts
in the Journal of Air & Waste Management
Association, 48:1116-1123, 1998).
Mukerjee, D. 1998. Critical review
summary. Assessment of risk from
multimedia exposures of children to
environmental chemicals. EM June: 19-21.
Mukerjee, D., S. Mukerjee and T.J. Power.
1991. Sanierungspraxis in den USA. In:
Herausforderung Asbest, G. Albracht and
O.A. Schwerdtfeger, Eds. Universum
Verlagsanstalt GmbH KG, Wiesbaden,
Germany, pp. 381-385.
Orme, J., E. Ohanian, L. Papa and C.
Sonich-Mullin. 1989. Advantages and
disadvantages of drinking water disinfectant.
In: Trace Substances in Environmental Health.
Vol.23: 247-257.
Patterson, J., R. Schoeny and P. Daunt.
1991. The U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency's Integrated Risk Information System
(IRIS). In: Regulating Drinking Water
Quality, C. Gilbert and E. Calabrese, ed.
Lewis Publishers, Inc., Chelsea, Michigan, p.
273-281.
Ray, C. and S.C. Schock. 1996. Compara-
bility of large-scale studies of agricultural
chemical contamination of rural private wells.
GWMR. Spring: 92-102.
Reisman, D.J. and E.G. Brady-Roberts.
1998. An overview of the U.S. EPA's
multiple pathway exposure methodology.
Waste Manage. 18:371-376.
Rice, G.E., P.M. McGinnis and R.J.F Bruins.
1991. Indirect exposure: A comparison of
two methodologies. In: Proceedings of the
1991 National Solid Waste Forum on
Integrated Municipal Waste Management.
Held July 15-17, 1991, Flamingo Hilton
Hotel, Las Vegas, Nevada. Sponsored by the
Association of State and Territorial Solid
Waste Management Officials. Washington,
DC. p. 125-136.
Rice, G., E. Brady-Roberts, F. Adeshina
and V. Kier. 2001. Assessing risks from
incineration and combution sources. In:
Environmental Health Secrets, L.K. Williams
and R.L. Langley, eds. Hanley & Belfus, Inc,
Philadelphia, pp. 72-78.
Richard, A.M., R. Bruce and M. Greenberg.
1999. Structure activity relationship methods
applied to chemical toxicity: making better
use of what we have. In: Proceedings of the
World Congress of Alternatives to Testing,
Bologna, Italy, Aug 28-Sept 1, 1999,
Alternatives to Testing in Laboratory Animals
(ATLA).
-------
Scarpino, P.V., L. Fradkin, C.S. Clark, N.E.
Kowal, E. Lomnitz, M. Baseheart, J.M.
Peterson, R.L. Ward and M. Hesford. 1988.
Microbiological risk assessment for land
application of municipal sludge. In: Chemical
and Biological Characterization of Sludges,
Sediments, Dredge Spoils and Drilling Muds.
ASTM STP 976. JJ. Lichtenberg, J.A.
Winter, CJ. Weber and L. Fradkin, ed.
American Society for Testing and Materials,
PA. pp. 480-488.
Schock, S.C., E.G. Brady-Roberts and M.
Odin. 1997. Advances in EPA's indirect
exposure modeling methodology.
Proceedings of the 1997 tri-
Service/EPA/ATSDR toxicology conference
on issues and applications in toxicology and
risk assessment. Drug Chem. Tox. 20(4):
369-376.
Scboeny, R.S., J. Patterson, J. Swartout and
L. Tuxen. 1990. The U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency's Integrated Risk
Information System. Proceedings of the 5th
International Conference on Environmental
Mutagens. Held in Cleveland, Ohio, July 10-
15,1989. (Abst)
Schwartz, P.F., C. Gennings, L.K. Teuschler
and M.W. Fariss. 2001. Optimizing the
precision of toxicity threshold estimation
using a two-stage experimental design. J.
Agri. Biol. Env. Stat. 6(4): 409-428.
Stara, J.F. 1989. First generation of a new
science: Risk assessment in transition. Tox.
Ind. Hlth. 5(5): 621-627.
Stara, J.F. and D. Mukerjee. 1983. The
strategy and approach for quantitative risk
assessment in regulation of environmental
pollutants. The Nucleus 26(2): 141-145.
Stara, J., M. Dourson and C.T. DeRosa.
1980. Water quality criteria: Methodology
and applications. In: Conference Proceedings
on Environmental Risk Assessment: How
New Regulations Will Affect the Utility
Industry. Held in New Orleans, Louisiana,
Dec. 10-11, 1980. Prepared for the Electric
Power Res. Inst., Palo Alto, CA. p. 3-1 - 3-18.
Stara, J.F., D. Kello and P. Durkin. 1980.
Human health hazards associated with
chemical contamination of aquatic
environment. Env. Hlth. Persp. 34: 145-158.
Stara, J.F., J. Patterson and M. Dourson.
1986. Risk assessment approaches for ground
water contamination by pesticides and other
organic substances. ACS Symposium series:
Evaluation of Pesticides in Ground Water,
W.Y. Gamer, R.C. Honeycutt, H.N. Nigg, ed.
American Chemical Society, Washington,
DC. pp 445-561
Stiteler, W.M., L.A. Knauf, R.C. Hertzberg
and R.S. Schoeny. 1993. A statistical test of
compatibility of data sets to common dose
response model. Reg. Tox. Pharm. 18: 392-
402.
Swartout, J.C., P.S. Price, M.L. Dourson,
H.L. Carson-Lynch and R.E. Keenan. 1998.
A probabilistic framework for the reference
dose (probabilistic RfD). Risk Analysis
18(3): 271-282.
Teuschler, L.K., G. Rice, J.C. Lipscomb
and J. Swartout. 2000. Extrapolation issues
in human health risk assessment: methods for
potential use in sex-specific health
evaluations. In: Annual Meeting of the
American Statistical Association,
Indianapolis, IN. American Statistical
Association 2000 Proceedings of the Section
on Statistics in Epidemiology and the Health
Policy Statistics Sections, pp. 50-59.
-------
CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT
Kooyoomijian, J., M. Chu and C. DeRosa.
1986. Potential carcinogenicity and chronic
toxicity as criteria for RQ adjustment. In:
Proc. 1986 Hazardous Material Spills
Conference on Preparedness, Control and
Cleanup of Releases. Held in St. Louis, MO.
May 5-8, 1986. pp. 444-448.
Mukerjee, D. and J.F. Stara. 1982.
Rationale for quantitative risk assessment for
carcinogens at uncontrolled hazardous waste
sites. Proceedings of the XIII International
Cancer Congress. Statistical issues in cancer
etiology and survival. Held in Seattle,
Washington, September 8-15. p. 35. (Abst)
Mukerjee, D. and J.F. Stara. 1983.
Rationale for developing criteria for
carcinogens. Proc. 76th Ann. Meeting - Air
Pollution Control Association. Held in
Atlanta, Georgia, June 19-24, 1983. p. 1-8.
Mukerjee, D. and O. Wassermann. 1990.
Rationale for risk assessment of
environmental carcinogens. Proc. XIX
Congress Lationamericano de Quimica. (Abst)
Stara, J.F., D. Mukerjee, R. McGaughy, P.
Durkinand M. Dourson. 1983. The current
use and studies on promoters and
cocarcinogens in quantitative risk assessment.
Env. Hlth. Persp. 50: 359-368.
Vater, ST., P.M. McGinnis, R.S. Schoeny
and S.F. Velazquez. 1993. Biological
considerations for combining carcinogenicity
data for quantitative risk assessment. Reg.
Tox. Pharm. 18:403-418.
Velazquez, S.F., R. Schoeny, G.E. Rice and
V.J. Coghano. 1996. Cancer risk assessment:
Historical perspectives, current issues, and
future directions. In: Toxicology in Risk
Assessment: Principles, Methods and,
Applications. A.M. Fan, L.W. Chang, ed.
Marcel Dekker, NY. p. 219-243.(Also
published in Drug and Chem. Tox. 19(3): 161-
185, 1996.)
NONCANCER RISK ASSESSMENT
Barnes, D.G. and M.L. Dourson. 1988.
Reference dose (RfD): Description and use in
health risk assessment. Reg. Tox. Pharm. 8:
471-486.
Beck, B.D. and M.L. Dourson. 1993. How
toxicity data are used in the process of hazard
identification and dose-response assessment.
In: Basic Risk Assessment: Current
Developments. Society of Toxicology
Continuing Education Course #6, 32nd
Annual Meeting, New Orleans, LA, March 14.
Beck, B.D., R.B. Conolly, M.L. Dourson, D.
Guth, D. Hattis, C. Kimmel and S.C. Lewis.
1993. Improvements in quantitative noncancer
risk assessment. Fund. Appl. Tox. 20: 1-14.
Brown, K.G. and L.S. Erdreich. 1989.
Statistical uncertainty in the no-observed-
adverse-effect level. Fund.Appl.Tox. 13:235-
244.
Carlson-Lynch, H., R.S. Price, J.C. Swartout,
M.L. Dourson and R.E. Keenan. 1999.
Application of quantitative information on the
uncertainty of Rfd to noncarcinogenic risk
assessments. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. 5(3):
527-546.
Cicmanec, J.L., M.L. Dourson and R.C.
Hertzberg. 1995. Noncancer risk assess-
ment: present and emerging issues. In:
Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Fan and
Chang, ed. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York.
pp. 293-309.
-------
Cicmanec, J.L, K,A. Poirier and M.L.
Dourson. 1994. A non-cancer quantitative
risk assessment for aroclor 1016, a commercial
polychlorinated biphenyl mixture. Presented at
the 1994 Annual Meeting of the Society of
Toxicology, March 13-17, 1994, Loews
Anatole Hotel, Dallas, Texas.
DeRosa, C.T., J. Stara and P. Durkin 1985.
Ranking chemicals based on toxicity data.
Tox. Ind. Hlth. 1: 177-199.
Dourson, M.L. 1986. New approaches in the
derivation of the acceptable daily intake (ADI).
Comments Toxicol. 1: 35-48.
Dourson, M.L. 1992. Overview of EPA's
quantitative noncancer guidelines. Air and
Waste Management Association. Presented at
the 84th Annual Meeting and Exhibition,
Vancouver, British Columbia, June 16-21,
1991. p. 1-3.
Dourson, M.L. 1993. Reference dose of the
United States Environmental Protection
Agency. Scand. J. Work Environ. Hlth.
19(SuppL 1): 115-118.
Dourson, M.L. 1993. Modifying uncertainty
factors for noncancer endpoints. In: Advanced
Topics in Risk Assessment. Society of
Toxicology Continuing Education Course # 10.
32nd Annual Meeting, New Orleans,
Louisiana, March 14.
Dourson, M.L. 1994. Methodology for
establishing oral reference doses (RfDs). In:
Risk Assessment of Essential Elements, W.
Mertz, C.O. Abemathy and S.S. Olin, ed. ILSI
Press, Washington, DC. p. 51-61.
Dourson, M.L. 1994. The chromium
reference doses (RfDs). In: Risk Assessment
of Essential Elements, W. Merts, C.O.
Abernathy, and S.S. Olin, ed. ILSI Press,
Washington, DC. pp. 207-212.
Dourson, M.L. and C.T. DeRosa. 1991.
The use of uncertainty factors in establishing
safe levels of exposure. In: Statistics in
Toxicology, D. Kreski and C. Franklin, ed.
Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New
York, NY. p. 613-627.
Dourson, M.L. and F. C. Lu. 1995.
Safety/risk assessment of chemicals compared
for different expert groups. Biomed. End. Sci.
8: 1-13.
Dourson, M.L. and J. Stara. 1983.
Regulatory history and experimental support
of uncertainty (safety) factors. Reg. Tox.
Pharm. 3: 224-238.
Dourson, M.L., R.C. Hertzberg and J.F.
Stara. 1986. Letter to the editor: Comments
on a new method for determining allowable
daily intakes. Fund. Appl. Tox. 6:182-183.
Dourson, M., L. Knauf and J. Swartout.
1991. On refer- ce dose (RfD) and its
underlying toxicity data base. Tox. Ind. Hlth.
8(3): 171-189.
Dourson, M.L., R. Hertzberg, R. Hartung
and K. Blackburn. 1985. Novel methods for
the estimation of acceptable daily intake
Tox. Ind. Hlth. 1(4): 23-33.
Farland, W. and M.L. Dourson. 1992.
Noncancer health endpoints: approaches to
quantitative risk assessment. In: Comparative
Environmental Risk Assessment. R. Cothem,
ed. Lewis Publishers Inc. Boca Raton. Dec.
1992. p. 87-106.
Fradkin, L., S. Lutkenhoff, J. Stara, E.
Lomnitz and B. Comaby. 1985. Feasibility
for performing a risk assessment on
-------
pathogens. J. Water Poll.Con. Fed. 57: 1183-
1188.
Guth, D.J., A.M. Jarabek, L.Wymer and R.C.
Hertzberg. 1991. Evaluation of risk
assessment methods for short-term inhalation
exposure. Presentation at the 84th Annual
Meeting of the Air & Waste Management
Association, June 16-21, 1991, Vancouver,
British Columbia, p. 1-30.
Hattis, D., L. Erdreich and M. Ballew. 1987.
Human variability in susceptibility to toxic
chemicals - A preliminary analysis of
pharmacokinetic data from normal volunteers.
Risk Analysis. 7(4): 415-424.
Hertzberg, R.C. 1989. Fitting a model to
categorical response data with application to
special extrapolation to toxicity. Health
Physics. 57(Suppl. 1): 404-409.
Hertzberg, R.C. and M.L. Dourson. 1993.
Using categorical regression instead of a
NOAEL to characterize a toxicologist's
judgement in noncancer risk assessment. In:
Proceedings, Second International Symposium
on Uncertainty Modeling and Analysis, B.M.
Ayyub, ed. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los
Alamitos, CA. p. 254-261.
Hertzberg, R.C. and M. Miller. 1985. A
statistical model for species extrapolation using
categorical response data. Tox. Ind. Hlth. 1:
43-57.
Hertzberg, R.C and L. Wymer. 1991.
Modeling the severity of toxic effects. In:
Proceedings papers from the 84th Annual
Meeting and Exhibition, June 16-21, 1991,
British Columbia. Air and Waste Management
Association, p. 2-18.
Jarabek, A.M., M.G. Menache, J.H. Overton,
Jr., M.L. Dourson and F. J. Miller. 1989
Inhalation reference dose (RfD): An
application of interspecies dosimetry
modeling for risk assessment of insoluble
particles. HlthPhys. 57(Suppl. 1): 177-183.
Jarabek, A.M., M.G. Menache, J.H. Overton,
Jr., M.L. Dourson and F.J. Miller. 1990.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's
inhalation RfD methodology: Risk assessment
for air toxics. Tox. Ind. Hlth. 6(5): 279-301.
Lu, F.C. and M.L. Dourson. 1992. Safety
risk assessment of chemicals: Principles,
procedures and examples. J. Occ. Med. Tox.
1(4): 321-335.
Lu, F.C. and M.L. Dourson. 1992. Safety
risk assessment of pesticides: Principles,
procedures and examples. Tox. Let. 64/65:
783-787.
Price, P., R. Keenan, J. Swartout, C. Gillis,
H. Carlson-Lynch and M. Dourson. 1997.
An approach for modeling noncancer dose
responses with an emphasis on uncertainty.
Risk Analysis. 17(4): 427-437.
Schoeny, R. and H. Zenick. 1995. Session
summary: Interspecies extrapolation.
Toxicology 105: 283-284.
Swartout, J.C., P.S. Price, M.L. Dourson,
H.L. Carlson-Lynch and R.E. Keenan. A
probabilistic framework for the reference dose
(probabilistic RfD). Risk Analysis 18(3):
271-282.
MIXTURES RISK ASSESSMENT
Bruins, R.J.B., L. Fradkin and J. Stara.
1987. Summary of risk assessment
methodology for municipal sludge reuse or
disposal options. Proc. National Conference
on Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant Sludge
-------
Management, Boston, MA. May 27-29.
Hazardous Material Control Research Inst.,
SiIver Springs, MD. p. 21-24.
Chancy, R., R. Bruins, D. Baker, R. Korcak, J.
Smith and D. Cole. 1987. Transfer of sludge-
applied trace elements to the food chain. In:
Land Application of Sludge, A.L. Page, T.J.
Logan and J.A. Ryan, ed. Lewis Publishers,
Inc., Chelsea, MI. p. 67-99.
Chen, J.J., Y-J Chen, G. Rice, L.K. Teuschler,
K. Hamernik, A.Protzel and R.L. Kodell.
2001. Using dose addition to estimate
cumulative risks from exposures to multiple
chemicals. Reg. Tox. Pharm. 34: 35-41.
Clevenger, M.A., R.M. Putzrath, S.L. Brown,
M.E. Ginevan, C.T. DeRosa and M.M.
Mumtaz. 1991. Risk assessment of mixtures:
A model based on mechanisms of action and
interaction. In: Advances in Risk Analysis.
Vol. 8, Risk Analysis: Prospects and
Opportunity, C. Zeros, ed. Proc. of the Ann.
Mtg. of the Society for Risk Analysis. Held
Oct. 30-Nov. 2, 1988, Washington, DC.
Plenum Press, New York. p. 293-303.
Cleverly, D., R. Kellam, R. Morrison, L.
Fradkin, R. Bruins, P. McGmnis and N.
Possiel. 1987. Methodology for the assess-
ment of health risks associated with multiple
pathway exposure to municipal waste com-
bustor emissions. Pres. at the 80th Ann. Air
Poll. Con. Assoc. Conf.,NY, June 21-26. p. 1-
19.
Cleverly, D.H., C.C. Travis and G.E. Rice.
1992. The analysis of indirect exposures to
toxic air pollutants emitted from stationary
combustion sources: A case study. Presented
at the 85th Ann. Mtg. of the Air & Waste
Management Association, June 21-26, 1992,
Kansas City, MO. p. 1-16.
Grumpier, E.P. and L. Fradkin. 1987. Risk
assessment in development of municipal
sludge incineration regulations under 405(d)
of the Clean Water Act. Proceedings National
Conference on Municipal Sewage Treatment
Plant Sludge Management, Boston, MA. May
27-29. Hazardous Material Control Research
Inst., Silver Springs, MD. p. 30-35.
Dawson, G.W., C.J. English and L. Fradkin.
1988. The regulation of sludge disposal
through application of risk assessment
techniques. Presented at the U.S. EPA/ASTM
Symposium on Chemical and Biological
Characterization of Municipal Sludges,
Sediments, Dredge Spoils and Drilling Muds,
Cincinnati, OH, May 20-22. p. 472-479.
DeRosa, C.T., M.L. Dourson and R.
Osborne. 1989. Risk assessment initiative
for noncancer endpoints: Implications for risk
characterizations of chemical mixtures. Tox.
Ind. Hlth. 5(5): 805-824.
DeRosa, C.T., H. Choudhury and W.B.
Peirano. 1991. An integrated exposure and
pharmacokinetic based approach to the
assessment of complex exposures lead: A case
study. Tox. Ind. Hlth. 79(4): 321-348.
DeRosa, C.T., M.M. Mumtaz, H.
Choudhury and D. McKean. 1992. An
integrated approach to risk characterization of
multiple pathway chemical exposures. In:
Comparative Environmental Risk Assessment,
R.Cothern, ed. Lewis Publishers Inc., Boca
Raton, pp. 165-169.
Durkin, P., R. Hertzberg, W. Stiteler and M.
Mumtaz. 1995. The identification and testing
of interaction patterns. Tox. Let. 79: 251-264.
Fradkin, L., R. Bruins, W.B. Peirano, S.
Lutkenhoff, J. Stara, G. Dawson and J.
English. 1986. Risk assessment methodology
-------
for determining groundwater contamination
from land filling sludge. In: Proc. American
Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
Environmental Engineering Conference,
Cincinnati, OH. July 8-10, 1986. p. 1-7.
Fradkin, L., R. Bruins, S. Lutkenboff, J.
Stara, E. Lomitz and A. Rubin. 1987.
Screening methodology for assessing potential
health effects from municipal sludge
incinerators. J. Air Poll. Con. Assoc. 37:395-
399.
Fradkin, L., N. Kowal and P. Scarpino. 1987.
Multi-media microbiological risk assessment
methodology for municipal wastewater
sludges. Proceedings National Conference on
Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant Sludge
Management. Boston, MA, May 27-29.
Hazardous Material Control Research Inst.,
Silver Springs, MD. p. 25-29.
Fradkin, L., T. Hartlage, R. Harless, J.
Waitings and D. Cleverly. 1988. Multimedia,
multi pollutant field study to establish levels of
toxic contaminants in air, soil sediment, water
and agricultural products from a model
municipal waste combustor. Presented at the
1988 EPA/APCA Symposium on Measure-
ment of Toxic and Related Air Pollutants,
Raleigh, NC. May 1-4, 1988. p. 461-469.
Fradkin, L., C. Gerba, S. Goyal, P. Scarpino,
R. Bruins and J. Stara. 1989. Municipal
wastewater sludge: The potential public health
concerns from pathogens in municipal
wastewater sludge. J. Env. Hlth. 51(3): 148-
152.
Gennings, C., L. Teuschler, W. Hartley, A.
Thiyagarajah and J.E. Simmons. 1999. Novel
statistical methods for risk assessment of water
disinfection by-products. AWWA 1999
Annual Conference Proceedings, Chicago, IL.
TU 22.2 (CD ROM)
Hartley, W.R., C. Gennings, L. Teuschler, A.
Thiyagarajah and J.E. Simmons. 1999.
Advances in the toxicological assessment of
disinfection by-products in rodent and fish
biomedical models. AWWA 1999 Annual
Conference Proceedings, Chicago, IL. TU
22.2 (CD ROM)
Hertzberg, R.C. and M.M. MacDonell.
2002. Synergy and other ineffective mixture
risk definitions. Sci. Tot. Env. 28: 31-42.
Hertzberg, R.C. and J. Patterson. 1987.
Approaches to the quantitative estimation of
health risk from exposure to chemical
mixtures. Proceedings of the Twenty-fourth
Hanford Life Sciences Symposium on Health
and Environment Research on Complex
Organic Mixtures. Oct. 20-24, 1985,
Richland, Washington, pp. 747-757.
Hertzberg, R.C., G. Rice and L.K.
Teuschler. 1999. Methods for health risk
assessment of combustion mixtures. In:
Hazardous Waste Incineration: Evaluating the
Human Healthand Environmental Risks. S.M.
Roberts, C.M. Teaf and J.A. Bean, ed. CRC
Press LLC, Boca Ratan. pp. 105-148.
Kodell, R.L. H. Ahn, J.J. Chen, J.A. Springer,
C.N. Barton and R.C. Hertzberg. 1995.
Upper bound risk estimates for mixtures of
carcinogens. In: Special Issue: Chemical
Mixtures and Quantitative Risk Assessment.
Toxicol. 105: 199-208.
Lomnitz, E., R. Bruins and L. Fradkin.
1985. Screening chemicals in municipal
sludges. Biocycle 26: 52-54.
Loper, J.C., D.R. Lang, R.S. Schoeny, B.B.
Richmond, P.M. Gallagher and C.C. Smith.
1978. Residue organic mixtures from drinking
water show in vitro mutagenic and
-------
transforming activity. J. Tox. Env. Hlth. 4(5-
6): 919-938.
Lutkenhoff, S., R. Hertzberg, C. Sonich-Mullin.
1988. Applicability of U.S. EPA risk assessment
guidelines for chemical mixtures. In: Trace
Substances in Environmental Health-XXII, Proc.
University of Missouri's 22nd Ann. Conf. Trace
Substances in Environmental Health, St. Louis,
Missouri, May 23-26. D.D. Hemphill, ed. pp.
163-193.
Moudgal, C.J., J.C. Lipscomb and R.M. Bruce.
2000. Potential health effects of drinking water
disinfection by-products using quantitative
structure toxicity relationship. Toxicology 147:
109-131.
Mumtaz, M.M. and R.C. Hertzberg. 1992. The
status of interactions data in risk chemical
mixtures. In: Hazard Assessment Chemicals, Vol
I, J.Sexena, ed. Hemisphere Publishing Co.,
Washington, D.C. pp. 47-79.
Mumtaz, M.M., C.T. DeRosa and P.R. Durkm.
1993. Approaches and challenges in risk
assessments of chemical mixtures. In: Toxicology
of Chemical Mixtures: Case Studies, Mechanisms,
and Novel Approaches R.S.H. Yang, ed.
Academic Press, San Diego.
p 565-597.
Mumtaz, M.M., D.L. McKean, R.J. Bruins, R.S.
Schoeny and C.T. DeRosa. 1991 Research
strategy for risk characterization of complex
exposures. Proceedings of the Fourth International
Conference on the Combined Effects of
Environmental Factors. Held in Baltimore,
Maryland Sept. 30,1990 - Oct. 3,1990. Published
by Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene
and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, p. 15-21.
Mumtaz, M.M., P. Durkm, G.L Diamond and
R.C. Hertzberg. 1994. Exercises in the use of
weight-of-evidence approach for chemical
mixtures interactions. In- Hazardous Waste and
Public Health: Hazardous Waste and Public
Health: International Congress on the Health
Effects of Hazardous Waste, Agency for Toxic
Substances and Disease Registry. Princeton
Scientific, Princeton, pp. 637-642.
Mumtaz, M.M., I.G. Sipes, H.J. Clewell and
R.S.H. Yang. 1993. Risk assessment of chemical
mixtures: Biologic and toxicologic issues. Fund.
Appl.Tox. 21:258-269.
Mumtaz, M.M., L.A. Knauf, D.J. Reisman, et
al. 1995 Assessment of effect levels of
chemicals from quantitative structure-activity
relationship (QSAR) models. I. Chronic lo»vest-
observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL). Tox
Let. 79: 131-143.
Murphy, P.A., T. Harvey and G. Rice. 2000.
Common measures of disease burden, risk trade-
offs, and improved environmental health decision-
making. Epidemiology 11(3): 368-369.
Rice, G., P.A. Murphy, L.K. Teuschler, J.C.
Lipscomb, B.K. Boutin, M.E. Brown and R.M.
Clark. 2001. U.S. EPA's Comparative nsk
framework. In: Microbial Pathogens and
Disinfection By-products in Drinking Water-
Health Effects and Management of Risks. ILSI
Press, Washington, DC. p. 371-394.
Rice, G., L.K. Teuschler, C. Moudgal et al
2001. Risk assessment of complex mixtures of
disinfection byproducts (DBPs): Methods for
considering unidentified DBPs. In: Microbial
Pathogens and Disinfection By-Products in
Drinking Water: Health Effects and Management
of Risks. ILSI Press, Washington, DC. pp. 571-
580.
Schoeny, R.S. 1990. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency processes for consensus
building for hazard identification. In: Pesticide
Residues and Food Safety: A Harvest of
Viewpoints, E.G. Tweed, H.J. Dishburger, L.G.
Ballantine, J. McCarthy and J. Murphy, ed.
American Chemical Society, Washington, DC.
pp.214-220.
Schoeny, R.S. 1993. Creative approaches in the
study of complex mixtures: Evaluating
comparative potencies. In: Principles and
-------
Practices for Petroleum Contaminated Soils
Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton p. 591-600.
Schoeny, R.S. and E. Margosches. 1989.
Evaluating comparative potencies: Developing
approaches to risk assessment of chemical
mixtures. Tox. Ind. Hlth. 5(5): 825-837.
Schoeny, R., T. Cody, D. Warshawsky and M.
Radike. 1988. Metabolism of mutagenic
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by
photosynthetic algal species. Mutat. Res. 197(2):
289-302.
Sexton, K., B.D. Beck, E. Bmgham et al. 1995.
Chemical mixtures from a public health
perspective: The importance of research for
informed decision making. In: Special Issue:
Chemical mixtures and quantitative risk
assessment. Toxicol. 105: 429-441
Simmons, J.E. and L.K. Teuschler. 2001. The
toxicology of disinfection by-product mixtures:
methods for multichemical assessment, present
research efforts, and future research directions. In:
Microbial Pathogens and Disinfection By-products
in Drinking Water: Health Effects and
Management of Risks. ILSI Press, Washington,
DC. pp. 325-340.
Sonich-Mullin, C. and L.R. Papa. 1990. Health
risk assessment issues associated with the
regulation of drinking water disinfectants and
disinfectant by-products. Trace Substance and
Environmental Health. 24: 220-233.
Stara, J., J. Patterson, K. Blackburn, R..
Hertzberg and C. DeRosa. 1985. Health risk
assessment of chemical mixtures In: Trace
Substances in Environmental Health - XIX, D
Hemphill, ed. 19th Ann. Conf.. Trace Substances
in Environmental Health, Columbia, MO, June 3-6,
1985.
Stara, J.F., R.J.F. Bruins, M.L. Dourson, L.S.
Erdreich, R.C. Hertzberg, P.R. Durkin and W.E
Pepelko. 1987. Risk assessment is a developing
science: Approaches to improve evaluation of
single chemicals and chemical mixtures In.
Methods for Assessing the Effects of Mixtures of
Chemicals. V.B. Vouk, G.C. Butler, A.C. Upton,
D.V. Parke and S.C. Asher, ed. 1987 SCOPE, p
419-743.
Stara, J.F., R.C. Hertzberg, R.J.F. Bruins,
M.L. Dourson, P.R. Durkin, L.S. Erdriech and
W.E. Pepelko. 1985. Approaches to risk
assessments of chemical mixtures. In: Karger
Continuing Education Series Vol. 8: Safety
Regulation of Chemicals in the U.S.A. S. Karger
AG: Basil, pp. 71-83.
Svendsgaard, D.J. and R.C. Hertzberg. 1994.
Statistical methods for the lexicological
evaluation of the additivity assumption as used in
the Environmental Protection Agency chemical
mixture risk assessment guidelines. In:
Toxicology of Chemical Mixtures: Case Studies,
Mechanisms, and Novel Approaches, R.S.H.
Yang, ed. Academic Press, San Diego.
pp. 599-642.
Teuschler, L.K. and R.C. Hertzberg. 1995
Current and future risk assessment guidelines,
policy, and methods development for chemical
mixtures. Toxicology 105: 137-144.
Teuschler, L.K., M.L. Dourson, W.M. Stiteler,
P. McClure and H Tully. 1999. Health risk
above the reference dose for multiple chemicals
Reg. Tox. Pharm. 30: S19-S26
Teuschler, L.K., J.P. Groten, R.C. Hertzberg,
M.M. Mumtaz and G. Rice. 2001
Environmental chemical mixtures risk
assessment- Current approaches and emerging
issues. Comments on Toxicology 7(5-6). 453-
493.
Teuschler, L.K., P.A. Murphy, G. Rice, J.
Cohen, C. Moudgal, B. Bruce and J.C.
Lipscomb. 2001. Methods to estimate health
risk perform uncertainty analyses for mixtures of
disinfection by-products (DBPs). Proceedings of
the AWWA2001 Annual Conf, Washington, DC.
WED 23.3 (CD ROM).
Teuschler, L.K., C Gennmgs, W.M.
Stiteler,R.C.Hertzberg,!.T.Colman, A.
Thiyagarajah, J.C. Lipscomb, et al 2000. A
10
-------
multiple-purpose design approach to the evaluation
of risks from mixtures of disinfection by-products.
Drug Chem. Tox. 23(1): 307-321.
Vanderslice, P., J. Orme, E. O'Haman and C.
Sonich-Mullin. 1989. Problems in assessing the
risks of mixtures of contaminants in dnnking
water. Tox Ind. Hlth 5(5)- 747-756
CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC RISK
ASSESSMENT
Adeshina, F. and S.S. Kueberuwa. 1999.
Endocrine disruption, organochlonne pesticides
and human development: An overview In:
Environmental toxicology and risk assessment,
Standardization of Biomarkers for Endocrine
disruption and Environmental Assessment. D.S.
Henshel, M C. Black and M.C. Harrass, ed.
ASTM, West Conshokocken, PA.
Byczkowski, J.Z. and J.C. Lipscomb. 2001.
Physiologically based pharmacokmetic modeling
of the lactational transfer of methymercury. Risk
Anal. 21:869-882.
Choudhury, H., J. Coleman, C.T. DeRosa and
J.F. Stara. 1987. Pentachlorophenol: Health and
Environmental Effects Profile. Tox. Ind. Hlth.
2(4): 483-571.
Choudhury, H., J. Coleman, C. T. DeRosa and
J.F. Stara. 1987. Health and Environmental
Effects Profile for Pentachloromtrobenzene. Tox.
Ind Hlth. 3(1): 5-69.
Choudhury, H., W.B. Peirano, A. Marcus, R.
Elias, S. Griffin and C.T. DeRosa. 1992.
Utilization of uptake biokmetics (UBK) lead model
to assess risk in contaminated sites. In: Superfund
Risk Assessment in Soil Contamination Studies.
ASTM, Philadelphia, PA p. 193-204.
Choudhury, H., T. Harvey, W.C. Thayer et al.
2001. Urinary cadmium elimination as a
biomarker of exposure for evaluating a oadi^'Mm
dietary exposure - biokmetics model. J. 1o>
Hlth. Part A, 63:321-350.
Dourson, M.L. 1994. The chromium reference
doses (RfDs). In: Risk Assessment of Essential
Elements, W. Merts, C.O Abemathy and S.S.
Olm, ed. ILSI Press, Washington, DC. pp. 207-
212.
Dourson, M.L., B. Stern, S. Griffin and K.
Bailey. 1991. Impact of risk-related concerns on
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Programs.
In: Nitrate Contamination: Exposure,
Consequence and Control, I. Board and R.O.
Kuzella, ed. NATO ASI Series. Series G: Eco.
Sci., Vol. 30. pp. 477-487.
Dourson M.L., L.K. Teuschler, P.R. Durkin and
W.M. Stiteler. 1997. Categorical regression of
toxicity data: A case study using aldicarb. Reg.
Tox. Pharm. 25: 121-129.
Du, J.T., S.F. Velazquez and C. Sonich-Mullin.
1991. Risk assessment of manganese (Mn) in
drinking water. The 1991 Annual Meeting of the
Society of Toxicology. Held at Loews Anatole
Hotel, Dallas, Texas, February 25 - March 1,
1991.
Erdreich, L.S. 1983. Comparing epidemiologic
studies of ingested asbestos for use in nsk
assessment Env. Hlth. Persp.
43: 99-104.
Gulson, B.L., K.R. Mahaffey, K.H. Korsch,
M.A. Cameron and G. Vimpani. 1995.
Contribution of tissue lead to blood in adult
female subjects based on stable lead isotope
methods. J. Lab. Chn. Med. 125 (6)- 703-712
Harvey, T. 1995. Balancing research and
science policy of aquatic stressors. Presented at
the conference on Toxic Substances in Water
Environments: Assessment and Control;
sponsored by the Water Environment Federation;
held at the Westm Hotel, Cincinnati, OH; May
14-17. (Abst)
Harvey, T., R. Keenan, J. Swartout, H. Carlson-
Lynch, C. Gillis and P. Price. 1997 Application
of probabilistic metho :; to noncarcmogenic nsk
assessment: a case stucy of hexachloroethane and
paraquat. Presented at the Society of
11
-------
Toxicologists Conference, Cincinnati. Ohio.
March 10-13, 1997.
Hertzberg, R.C. 1997. "Acceptance of the
benchmark approach to toxicity testing-
proponent'^ statement". Point-counterpoint
session, Proceedings of the 2nd World Congress on
Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences,
Utrecht, The Netherlands. October 1996. L.F.M.
van Zutphen and M. Balls, ed. Elsevier,
Amsterdam, pp. 755-760.
ILSI Risk Science Institute Pathogen Risk
Assessment Working Group. 1996. A
conceptual framework to assess the risks of human
disease following exposure to pathogens Risk
Analysis, 16(6): 841'-848.
Lash, L.H., J.W. Fisher, J.C. Lipscomb and J.C.
Parker. 2000. Metabolism of trichlor- ethylene.
Env. Hlth. Persp. 108(Suppl 2): 177-200.
Lash, L.H., J.C. Lipscomb, D.A Putt and J.C.
Parker. 1999. Glutathione conjugation of
tnchloroethylene in human liver and kidney.
kinetics and individual variation. Drug Metabol
Dispos. 27(3): 351-359.
Lee, S.D., M. Dourson, D. Mukerjee, J.F. Stara
and J. Kawecki. 1983. Assessment of benzene
health effects in ambient water. In: Advances in
Modem Environmental Toxicology, Vol. 4
Carcmogemcity and Toxicity of Benzene, M.A.
Mehlman, ed. Chapters, p. 91-125.
Lipscomb, J.C. and P.D. Confer. 1999. Human
hepatocytes: A novel animal alternative. In:
Toxicity Assessment Alternatives: Methods,
Issues, Opportunities, H. Salem and S.A. Katz, ed.
Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ. p. 227-240.
Lyon, B., R. Ambrose, G. Rice and C. Maxwell.
1997. Calculation of soil-water and benthic
sediment partition coefficients for mercury.
Chemosphere 35(4): 791-808.
Mahaffey, K.R. 1995. Temporal aspects of risk
characterization of lead Inhal Tox. 7:1019-1029
Meylan, W., L. Papa, C.T. DeRosa and J.F.
Stara. 1986. Chemical of current interest
propylene oxide. Health and environmental
effects profile. Tox. Ind. Hlth. 2(3). 219-260.
Mukerjee, D. 1997. Risk assessment of
endocrine disrupting chemicals emitted from
incinerators. Presented at the Fifth International
Congress on Toxic Combustion By-products.
Management of Risk from Combustion Sources
University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio. June 25-27,
1997. (Abst)
Mukerjee, D. 1997. Health risk of endocrine
disrupting ortho-substituted PCBs emitted from
incinerators. J. Env. Eng. Sci. 15(2): 157-168
Mukerjee, D. 1997. Rationale for considering
neurotoxic activities of non-coplanar PCBs in risk
assessment. Organohalogen Comp. J. 34: 145-
149.
Mukerjee, D. 1998. Health impact of
polychlormated dibenzo-p-dioxins: A critical
review. J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc. 48: 157-
165.
Mukerjee, D. and D.H. Cleverly. 1987.
Strategies for assessing risk from exposure to
polyclormated dibenzo-p-dioxms and
dibenzofurans emitted from municipal
incinerators. Waste Mgmt. Res. 5: 269-283.
(Please note: this paper was discussed extensively
in an editorial in BioCycle 29(2): 58-59, 1988.)
Mukerjee, D. and T. Harvey. 1998. Children's
exposure and health risk of endocrine disrupting
orf/io-substituted PCBs. Presented at the Eighth
Symposium on Environmental Toxicology and
risk Assessment: Standardization of Biomarkers
for Endocrine Disruption and Environmental
Assessment, April 20-22, 1998, Georgia.
Sponsored by: ASTM Committee E-47 on
Biological Effects and Environmental
Assessment. (Abst)
Mukerjee, D. and J.F. Stara. 1981. Asbestos
and its threats. Chemical Week 129:5.
12
-------
Mukerjee,D. andJ.F. Stara. 1982. Rationale for
quantitative risk assessment for carcinogens at
uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. Proceedings of
the XIII International Cancer Congress Statistical
issues in cancer etiology and survival. Held m
Seattle, Washington, September 8-15. pp. 35.
Mukerjee, D., J.F. Stara and J.L. Schaum. 1986.
Rationale for assessment of risk exposure to
2,3,7,8-TCDD. Chemosphere 15(9-12): 1805-
1813.
Mukerjee, D., L. Fradkin and D.H. Cleverly.
1988. Multimedia impact of chlorinated polycychc
hydrocarbon emission from combustion sources.
Proc. Dioxin - 8th International Symposium of
chlorinated dioxins and related compounds, p.
330.
Mukerjee, D., O. Papke and W. Karmaus. 1988.
Indoor air contamination with polychlonnated
dibenzo-p-dioxms and dibenzofurans. Tox. Ind.
Hlth. 5(5): 731-745.
Mukerjee, D., S.Q. Hee, and O. Wassermann.
1995. Rationale for considering aroclor 1260 as a
representative PCB m risk assessment. In:
Environmental Contaminants, Ecosystems and
Human Health, S.K. Majumdar, E.W. Miller and
F.J. Brenner, ed. The Pennsylvania Academy of
Science, pp. 476-481.
Mukerjee, D., J. Swartout and T. Harvey. 1997.
An approach for safe exposure levels of mercury in
panthers. Presented at the Society of Toxicologists
Conference, Cincinnati, Ohio. March 10-13,1997.
Mukerjee S., D. Mukerjee, T.J. Powers and O.
Wassermann. 1991. Strategy to reduce risk of
asbestos in the United States. J Clean Tech. End.
Sci 1(324): 193-207.
Mukerjee, D., O. Papke, W. Karmaus, C. Sonich
Mullin and K. Blackburn. 1988 Risk estimation
from exposure to PCDDs/PCDFs in West German
kindergartens. Presented at the International
Symposium on Chemical Mixtures: Risk
Assessment and Management, Jun 7-9, 1988,
Cincinnati, Ohio. (Abst)
Murphy, P.A. 1990. Avoiding bias: Systematic
and random error. In: Methods for the
Investigation and Prevention of Waterbome
Disease Outbreaks, G.F. Craun, ed. Health
Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Env. Prot.
Agency, Cincinnati, OH. pp. 75-82.
Murphy, P.A. 1993. A quantifying chemical
risk from epidemiologic studies* Application to
the disinfectant by-product issue. In: Safety of
Water Disinfection: Balancing Chemical and
Microbial Risks, G.F. Craun, ed. ILSI Press.
Washington, DC. pp. 373-387.
Murphy, P.A. and G.F. Craun. 1989. A review
of recent epidemiologic studies reporting
associations between dnnking water chlonnation
disinfection and cancer. In: Water Chlormation -
Chemistry, Environmental Impact and Health
Effects. Vol 6. Proceedings of the Sixth
Conference on Water Chlormation:
Environmental and Health Effects, Oak Ridge,
Tennessee, May 3-8, 1987. Lewis Publishers, p
361-372.
Poirier, K.A. 1994. Summary of the derivation
of the reference dose for selenium. In: Risk
Assessment of Essential Elements, W. Mertz,
C.O. Abernathy and S.S. Odin, ed. ILSI Press,
Washington, DC. pp. 157-166.
Poirier, K.A. and S.F. Velazquez. 1991. Risk
assessment of manganese: A comparison of oral
and inhalation denvations 75th Annual Meeting
of the Federation of American Societies for
Expenmental Biology, Atlanta, GA. April 21 -25
FASEB 5(4)- A486.
Reddy, G., T. Reddy, H. Choudhury,
F. B. Daniel and G. Leach. Assessment
of environmental hazards of 1,3,5,- tnnitro-
benzene. J. Tox. Env Hlth. 52:227-260
Reese, S. and D. Mukerjee. 1998. PCBs and
hemorrhagic disease of the newborn
Organohalogen Comp 37 325-329.
Rice, G., K. Mahaffey, J. Swartout and R.
Schoeny. 1998. Derivation of the U.S EPA's
methylmercury oral reference dose (RfD) In-
13
-------
Mercury in Eastern Canada & the Northeast States.
Proc. Of the Conferences held in Fredenction, New
Brunswick, Sept. 21-23, 1998. W. Pilgrim, N.
Burgess and M.F. Giguere, ed. Eman-Rese, New
Bruswick.
Rice, G., J. Swartout, E. Brady-Roberts, D.
Reisman, K. Mahaffey and B. Lyon. 1999
Characterization of risks posed by combustor
emissions Proceedings of the 1998 Tn;
Service/EPA/ATSDR Toxicology Conference on
Tissues and Applications in Toxicology and Risk
Assessment. Drug. Chem. Tox. 22(1): 221-240.
Riley, T.J., J.A. Cauley and P.A. Murphy. 1995.
Water chlonnation and lipo-and apolipoprotems
The relationship in elderly white women of
Western Pennsylvania. Am. J. Pub. Hlth 85(4):
570-573.
Riley, T.J., J.A. Cauley, P.A. Murphy and D.
Black. 1992. The relation of water chlonnation to
serum hpids in elderly white women. (Abstract)
Am J. Epidemiol.
969-970.
Ruoff, W.L., G.L Diamond, S.F. Velazquez,
W.M. Stiteler and D.J Gefell. 1994.
Bioavailabihty of cadmium in food and water: A
case study on the derivation of relative
bioavailabihty factors for inorganics and their
relevance to the reference dose. Reg. Tox Pharm.
20:139-160.
Schoeny, R.S. 1996. Use of genetic toxicology
data in U.S. EPA risk assessment: The mercury
study report as an example. End. Hlth . 104
(Suppl. 3): 663-673.
Schoeny, R., T. Cody, D. Warshawsky and M
Radike. 1988. Metabolism of mutagemc
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by
photosynthetic algal species. Mut. Res. 197(2):
289-302.
Smallwood, C.L., K.M. Scheneck and B.W
Lykins, Jr. 1993. Health effects associated with
halogenated by-products formed from chlorine,
chloramme, or ozone. In: Safety of Water
Disinfection: Balancing Chemical and Microbial
Risks, G.F Craun, ed. ILSI Press, Washington,
DC. p. 599-603.
Smallwood, C.L., M.L. Dourson, L.A. Knauf
and C.O. Abernathy. 1995. Comparison of some
methods for estimating oral doses for boron (B)
regulatory purposes. The Toxicologist. Abstracts
of the 34th Annual Meeting Vol. 15, No 1, March
95. p. 177. (Abst)
Smallwood, C.L., P. McClure and W. Stiller
1997. Estimation of benchmark doses for
trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and comparison of the
RfD derivation using the NOAEL/LOAEL
method and the benchmark dose method. The
Toxicologist Abstracts of the 36th Annual
Meeting. Vol. 36(1), Pt2, March, p. 168.
Snawder, J.E. and J.C. Lipscomb. 2000
Intenndwidual variance of cytochrome P450
forms m human hepatic microsomes- Correlation
of individual forms with xenobiotic metabolism
and implications in risk assessment.Reg. Tox.
Pharm.32- 200-209.
Vater, ST., S.F. Velazquez and V.J. Coghano.
1995. A case study of cancer data set
combinations for PCBs. Reg. Tox. Pharm. 22: 2-
10.
Velazquez, S.F. and K.A. Poirier. 1993
Problematic risk assessments for drinking water
contaminants: Selenium, aldicarb and nickel. In:
Water Contamination and Health: Integration of
Exposure Assessment, Toxicology and Risk
Assessment, R Wang, ed. Marcel Dekker, Inc.
New York, NY. p. 467-495.
Velazquez, S.F., C. Sonich-Mullin and J.T. Du
1989. Risk assessment of manganese: The
essentiality of manganese. Proceedings of the
23rd Annual Conference on Trace Substances in
Environmental Health. Held in the Hotel Westm
in Cincinnati, OH, May 29-June 1,1989. pp. 379-
386.
Velazquez, S.F., P.M. McGmnis, S.T. Vater,
W.M. Stiteler, L.A. Knauf and R.S. Schoeny.
1994. Combination of cancer data in quantitative
risk assessments- Case study using
14
-------
bromodichloromethane. Risk Analysis. 14(3):
285-291.
Young, R.A., D.M. Opresko, A.P Watson, R.H.
Ross, J. King and H. Choudhury. 1999. Denvmg
toxicity values for organophosphate nerve agents:
A position paper in support of the procedures and
rationale for deriving oral RfDs for chemical
warfare nerve agents. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess
5(2): 589-634.
Zamuda, C., C. DeRosa, H. Huizenga, B. Jones
and J. Longstreth. 1985. Development of
chemical-specific parameters for the Superfund
risk assessment process. In: Proceedings of the 6th
National HMCRJ Conference on the Management
of Uncontrolled Hazardous Waste Sites. Held in
Washington, DC., November 4-6, 1985.
ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
Baron, L. A., B.E. Sample and G. W. Suter, II.
1999. Ecological risk assessment in a large
river-reservoir: 5: Aerial insectivorous wildlife.
Env. Tox. Chen. 18:621-627.
Bruins, R.J.F., Cai Shuming, Chen Shijian
and W.J. Mitsch. 1998. Ecological engineer-
ing strategies to reduce flooding damage to
wetland crops on central China. Eco. Eng. 11:
231-259.
Burton, G.A. Jr., S.D. Dyer, S.M. Cormier,
G.W. Suter and E.J. Dorward-King.
Identifying watershed stressors using database
evaluations linked with field and laboratory
studies: A case example. In: Ecological
variability: separating Natural from
Anthropogenic causes of Ecosystem
Impairment. SETAC Press, Pensacola, FL.
pp. 233-253.
Cook, R.J.F., G.W. Suter II and E.R. Sain.
1999. Ecological risk assessment in a large
river-reservoir: 1. Introduction and
background. Env. Tox. Chem. 18:581-588.
Dorward-King, E.J. G.W. Suter II, L.A.
Kaputska et al. 2001. Distinguishing among
factors that influence ecosystems. In:
Ecological variability: separating Natural from
Anthropogenic causes of Ecosystem
Impairment. SETAC Press, Pensacola, FL.
pp. 1-26.
Efroymson, R.A. and G.W. Suter II. 1999.
Finding a niche for soil microbial toxicity
tests in ecological risk assessment. Human
Eco. Risk Assess. 5; 715-727.
Efroymson, R.A. and G.W. Suter II. 2001.
Ecological risk assessment framework for
low-altitude aircraft overflights: II.
Estimating effects on wildlife. Risk Analysis
21(2): 263-274.
Efroymson, R.A., B.E. Sample and G.W.
Suter, II. 2001. Uptake of inorganic
chemicals from soil by plant leaves:
regressions of field data. Env. Tox. Chem.
20(11): 2561-2571.
Efroymson, R.A., G.W. Suter II, W.H. Rose
and S. Nemeth. 2001. Ecological risk
assessment framework for low-altitude aircraft
overflights: I. Planning the analysis and
estimation exposure. Risk Analysis 21(2):
251-262.
Fisher, W.S., L.E. Jackson, G.W. Suter II
and P. Bertram. 2001. Indicators for human
and ecological risk assessment: A U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency perspective.
Human Eco. Risk Assess. 7(5): 961-970.
Jones, D.S., L.W. Barnthouse, G.W. Suter II,
R.A. Efroymson, J.M. Field and J.
Beauchamp. 1999. Ecological risk assess-
ment in a large river-reservoir: 3. Benthic
invertebrates. Env. Tox. Chem. 18: 599-609.
Moore, D.R.J., B. Sample, G.W. Suter II, B.
15
-------
Parkurst and S. Teed. 1999. A probabilistic
risk assessment of the effects of methyl
mercury and PCBs on mink and kingfishers
along East Fork Poplar Creek, Oak Ridge, TN.
Env. Tox. Chem. 18: 2941-2953.
Moore, D.R.J., B. Sample, G.W. Suter II, B.
Parkhurst and S. Teed. 1999. Risk-based
decision making: the East Fork Poplar Creek
case study. Env. Tox. Chem. 18:2941-2953.
Posthuma, L., T.P. Traas and G.W. Suter II.
2001. General introduction to species
sensitivity distributions. In: Species Sensitivity
Distributions in Ecotoxicology, L. Posthuma,
G.W. Suter II and T.P. Traas, eds. Lewis Pub.,
Boca Raton, FL. pp. 3-10.
Posthuma, L., T.P. Traas, D. deZwart and
G.W. Suter II. 2001. Conceptual and
technical outlook on species sensitivity
distributions. In: Species Sensitivity
Disributions in Ecotoxicology, L. Posthuma,
G.W. Suter II and T.P. Traas, eds. Lewis Pub.,
Boca Raton, FL. pp. 475-508.
Sample, B.E. and G.W. Suter II. 1999.
Ecological risk assessment in a large river-
reservoir: 4. Piscivorous wildlife. Env. Tox.
Chem. 18(4): 610-620.
Sample, B.E., G.W. Suter II, J.J. Beauchamp
and R.E. Efroymson. 1999. Literature-derived
bioaccumulation models for earthworms:
development and validation. Env. Tox. Chem.
18(9): 2110-2120.
Suter, G.W. II. 1998. An overview
perspective of uncertainty. In: Uncertainty
Analysis in Ecological Risk assessment, W.J.
Warren-Hicks and D.R.J. Moore, ed. SETAC
Press, Pensacola, FL. p. 121-130.
Suter, G.W. II. 1999. A framework for
assessment of ecological risks from multiple
activities. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. 5: 397-
413.
Suter, G.W. II. 1999. Developing
conceptual models for complex ecological risk
assessments. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. 5:
375-396.
Suter, G.W. II. 1999. Lessons for small
sites from assessments of large sites. Environ.
Toxicol. Chem. 18:579-580.
Suter, G.W. II. 1999. Types of integration
in risk assessment and management and why
they are needed. In: Proceedings of the 3rd
IWA Specialized Conference on Hazard
Assessment and Control of Environmental
Contaminants, S. Matsui, ed. Kyoto
University, Japan, pp. 463-368.
Suter, G.W. II. 2000. Generic assessment
endpoints are needed for ecological risk
assessment. Risk Analysis 20(2): 173-178.
Suter, G.W. II. 2000. The logic of
ecological risk assessment for contaminated
sites. In: Contaminated Site Remediation:
From Source Zones to Ecosystems, C.D.
Johnston, ed. CSIRO Land and Water,
Wembly, W.A. Australia, pp. 1-8.
Suter, G.W. II. 2000. Ecological Risk
Assessment for Contaminated Sites. Lewis
Publishers/CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fl. (Book,
no reprints available).
Suter, G.W. II. 2001. Applicability of
indicator monitoring to ecological risk
assessment. Eco. Indicat. 1:101-112.
Suter, G.W. II. 2001. Focus on exposure-
response relationships, and complex forms
will come naturally. BELLE (Biological
Effects of Low Level Exposures) Newsletter.
10(1): 22. September, 2001.
16
-------
Suter, G.W. II. 2001. Developments and
trends in ecological risk assessment. In:
Assessment and Management of
Environmental Risks, I. Linkov and J.M.
Palma Oliveira, eds. Kluewer Academic Pub.
Amsterdam, pp. 3-9.
Suter, G.W. II. 2001. North American
history of species sensitivity distributions. In:
Species Sensitivity Disributions in
Ecotoxicology, L. Posthuma, G.W. Suter II and
T.P. Traas, eds. Lewis Pub., Boca Raton, FL.
pp. 11-17.
Suter, G.W. II. 2002. A methodology for
inferring the causes of observed impairments in
aquatic ecosystems. (In press).
Suter, G.W. II, T.P. Traas and L. Posthuma.
2001. Issues and practices in the derivation
and use of species sensitivity distribution. In:
Species Sensitivity Disributions in
Ecotoxicology, L. Posthuma, G.W. Suter II and
T.P. Traas, eds. Lewis Pub., Boca Raton, FL.
pp. 437-474.
Suter, G.W., L.W. Barnthouse, R.A.
Efroymson and H. Jager. 1999. Ecological
risk assessment in a large river-reservoir: 2.
Fish Community. Env. Tox. Chem. 18(4):
589-598.
Suter, G.W., B.L. Antcliff, W. Davis et al.
1999. Conceptual approaches to identify and
assess multiple stressors. In: Multiple
Stressors in Ecological Risk and Impact
Assessment, J.A. Foran and S.A. Ferenc, ed.
SETAC Press, Pensacola, FL. p. 2-13.
Suter, G.W., B.L. Antcliff, W. Davis et al.
1999. Biologically directed approach. In:
Multiple Stressors in Ecological Risk and
Impact Assessment, J.A. Foran and S.A.
Ferenc, ed. SETAC Press, Pensacola, FL. p.
2-13.
17
-------
18
------- |