UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT
EPA-330/l-80-009
OMEGA-1 LIDAR: DATA ANALYSIS REPORT
PUBLIC SERVICE OF INDIANA
GIBSON GENERATING STATION
Princeton, Indiana
October 1980
NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
Denver, Colorado
&EPA

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UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT
EPA-330/1-80-009
OMEGA-1 LIDAR:  DATA ANALYSIS REPORT

PUBLIC SERVICE OF INDIANA
GIBSON GENERATING STATION
Princeton, Indiana

October 1980
NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
Denver, Colorado

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            CONTENTS





  I.   INTRODUCTION



 II.   SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS



III.   METHODS



 IV.   DATA ANALYSIS PRESENTATION

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                           I.   INTRODUCTION
     The National  Enforcement Investigations Center  (NEIC)  conducted  an
investigation of visible emissions from two stationary sources at the Gib-
son Generating  Station operated by Public Service  of Indiana (PSI), in
Princeton,  Indiana, during the afternoon hours of June 16,  1980.   Opacities
of observed visible emissions were measured remotely with a  new instrumen-
tation method* using the NEIC Omega-1 Lidar.   Figure 1 depicts the location
of the Lidar during the observations.

     The Gibson Station contains four coal-fired generating  units (Units 1
through 4)  with each  being  equipped  with an electrostatic  precipitator
(ESP).  Each of the units has a generating capacity of 650 megawatts.  The
emissions from Units 1 and 2 are discharged through Stack A while  the emis-
sions from  Units 3 and 4 and discharged  through  Stack B.   The height of
each  stack  is 500  ft.  Visible emissions  from these sources  are alleged to
be in violation of the applicable opacity limits of the Indiana State Im-
plementation Plan (SIP).

     On April  21,  1980, the Enforcement Division of EPA,  Region V, Chicago,
Illinois, requested  assistance  from NEIC  in  documenting the opacity of
emissions from the  Gibson Station.

     To provide the  requested assistance  to  Region V, NEIC  conducted the
investigation with  the following objectives:

     1.    Document  the opacity of visible emissions from Stacks A  and B.
     2.    Evaluate  the compliance of the observed emissions with the
          Indiana SIP.
*  This method has been proposed in the Federal Register,  Vol.  45,  No.  128,
   Tuesday, July 1, 1980, pages 44329 through 44351,  as an alternate method
   to Reference Method 9.

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                     II.   SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
SUMMARY OF INVESTIGATION

     The opacity of visible emissions from the two stationary sources with-
in the Gibson Generating Station, Public Service of Indiana  (PSI), Prince-
ton, Indiana, were  measured during  the afternoon hours of June 16, 1980.
The sources  investigated were  Stacks A and B.  All  measurements were con-
ducted remotely from off the plant site.

     Opacities were measured remotely with the NEIC Omega-1  Lidar which  is
a new  instrumentation method.  The method has been proposed  in the Federal
Register as Alternate Method 1 to Reference Method 9.

     Four sets of  opacity  measurements were made, the total of which was
about 1  hour of  observation and about 350  individual  measurements.   The
sets of  measurements were  15 minutes in length.  Measurements were made  at
a temporal frequency range from once about every 8 to 9 seconds.

     All  opacity measurements  were  subsequently  analyzed and reduced with
the NEIC  laboratory computer using the methods given in Alternate Method 1
(proposed).

     The results of  the lidar observations are summarized in Table 1 ac-
cording to the official  designation  of each stationary source.


CONCLUSIONS

     The visible emissions from Stacks A and B did not exceed the allowable
limit of the Indiana State Implementation Plan (40% for a 6-minute average)
at any time during the  lidar observations.

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           Table 1

PSI, GIBSON GENERATING STATION
      Princeton, Indiana
Appl icable
Source Opacity
Designation Limit (%)
Stack B 40

Stack B 40

Stack A 40

Stack A 40

Date Time Interval Approx length of
June 1980 (hr mm sec) Observation (mm)
16 14.38 58 15
14 53 39
16 15 04.46 15
15.19 21
16 15-32-27 15
15.47.00
16 15:52 36 15
16 07 02
ADDTOX Time % of Time ħ Max Lidar Calibration
Exceeding in Excess Peak Opacity Error Mag (%)
Limit (mm) of limit (6-mm avg ) [From 0% to 80%]
0 0 13 -0.19, +0 42

0 0 20 -0.19, +0 42

0 0 29 -0.15, +0.38

0 0 27 -0 15, +0 38


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                             III.   METHODS
LIDAR OPACITY MEASUREMENTS

     Alternate Method 1  (proposed)  employs a lidar (lasar radar) which is
an optical  system  installed  in a truck-mounted van enclosure.  This mobile
lidar is  specifically designed and  fabricated for measuring the opacity of
visible emissions from a given stationary source during both day and night-
time ambient  lighting conditions.   The laser transmitter within the lidar
emits a  short pulse of light.  The  lidar receiver collects the laser light
backscattered from the atmospheric  aerosols before and beyond the visible
plume as  well as that from the aerosols (particulates) within the plume.
The lidar receiver converts the backscattered optical  signals to electronic
signals or data.   The Lidar has an inherent data processing capability that
calculates the opacity values  from  the backscatter data from just before
and beyond the plume.   It subsequently records these opacity values in hard
copy form, and also records the original  lidar receiver data (signal  ampli-
tude vs range) on magnetic tape for future reference or use.

     The nominal  data gathering rate of the lidar is an opacity measurement
or determination once every  10 seconds.   This data rate can be maintained
in continuous operation  for  minutes or even hours.  The  lidar method is
intended for use  during  nighttime,  as well  as during the day.

     The Omega-1 Lidar is  internally calibrated in the field periodically
over the opacity  values  of 0, 10,  20, 40,  60, and 80%.


DATA ANALYSIS AND REDUCTION

     The lidar data were  analyzed  in accordance  with Section 2 of Alternate
Method 1  (proposed)  using  the NEIC  PDP-11-70  laboratory computer.  The

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individual opacity values  were  calculated using the backscatter data re-
corded on magnetic tape, with the opacity equation given in Section 2.4.1.
The  associated  statistics  which includes the standard  deviation,  S  ,  of
each individual opacity value,  were calculated  using the appropriate equa-
tions in  Section  2.4.1.  The running- or  sliding-average, Op, of the indi-
vidual  opacity  values was  calculated over the 6-minute  averaging interval,
given in  the  Indiana State Implementation Plan  (SIP), according to the re-
quirements of Section 2.4.2.

     The  number of opacity values included in the running-average is nomi-
nally 36 (six measurements/minute for 6 minutes  according to the SIP).   The
6-minute  interval remains  constant  although  the number of opacity values
may  vary  above  or below the nominal.   In accordance with the Opacity Data
Acceptance/Rejection Criterion in Section 2.4.3, if the standard deviation,
S ,  for a given opacity value  is greater than  8% (full scale)  then  that
value is discarded from the running-average  set  decreasing  the total  number
by one.   The number of opacity values  in the  6-minute  interval may  be
greater than  36 which  is  caused by the  lidar data  rate being set  faster
than six opacity measurements/minute (one opacity measurement every 10 sec-
onds).
DATA PRESENTATION

     The opacity values are presented in two separate formats in Section IV
of this data  analysis  report.   For each data run the values are given  in
tabular form followed by graphic plots.   An identification header is locat-
ed across the top of the tabular form which provides the following informa-
tion:

          EPA-NEIC identification block.
          EPA-NEIC Omega control number (evidentiary parameter).
          Official designation for the stationary source.
          Facility name.
          Facility location.
          Location of the lidar during tests.
          Length of the running average interval.

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This  tabular presentation provides the applicable data in columns identified
as  follows:

          Date of data run.
          Time of the opacity measurement (nearest second).
          Opacity values as calculated in %.
          Standard deviation SO (S  in Alternate Method 1) in %.
          Individual violation flags, not applicable in Indiana.
          Average opacity (%) calculated over the running-average interval.
          Average standard deviation (%) calculated over the running-aver-
          age interval.
          Average opacity violation flag, applicable in Indiana.
          Number of opacity values discarded due to the Opacity Data
          Acceptance/Rejection Criterion (§ 2.4.3 of the Alternate
          Method 1).

In  the  average opacity violation  column, any violations that occurred over
and above the 40% (SIP) average opacity  limit are indicated with a flag of
four asterisks.

     The computer graphical plots, located  in Section IV immediately after
each  respective tabular data set, show the  individual opacity values (col-
umn 3 of the tabular data set) along with their respective standard devia-
tions as error bars  (column 4 of the tabular data set).   The standard devi-
ation gives an indication  of  the magnitude of the  error  associated with
each opacity value due to atmospheric noise along the lidar line-of-sight.
The magnitude of the average opacity established  in  the  SIP is  indicated on
each plot by the  dashed  line  at  the 40% value.   Each graphical plot is
fixed in time along  the horizontal axis,  being  10 minutes  in length.

     The lidar internal calibration  data are presented  in  Table 1  of Sec-
tion II  for each respective observation  period  as the extreme  values that
occurred throughout the opacity range given above.  A negative value indi-
cates that the lidar was  determining opacity low or below the respective
standard while a positive value indicates a high value with respect to the
standard.

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IV.   DATA ANALYSIS PRESENTATION

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            OMEGA-0068
     PUBLIC SERVICE OF INDIANA
          GIBSON STATION
              STACK B
June 16, 1980, 14:38:58 to 14:53:39

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UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
 NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
           DENVER,  COLORADO 80225
OMEGA-0066, STACK B,
DATE
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/30
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/8O
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/8O
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/8O
6/16/8O
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/GO
6/16/80
6/16/8O
6/16/8O
6/16/8O
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
PSI GIBSON £
TIME OPACITY
14 38 58
14 39 16
14 39 25
14 39 43
14 39 52
14 40 1
14 40 1O
14 40 19
14 40 28
14 40 37
14 40 46
14 40 55
14 41 4
14 41 23
14 41 32
14 41 41
14 41 50
14 41 59
14 42 26
14 42 35
14 42 44
14 42 53
14 43 2
14 43 21
14 43 30
14 43 39
14 44 5
14 44 23
14 44 50
14 44 59
14 45 8
14 45 17
14 45 35
14 45 44
14 45 53
14 46 2
14 46 11
14 46 20
14 46 29
14 46 38
14 46 47
14 46 56
14 47 5
14 47 14
14 47 23
14 47 32
14 47 41
14 47 59
14 48 8
14 48 17
11
13
11
14
17
11
12
13
11
5
11
16
17
14
18
13
14
8
14
16
16
12
9
2
18
12
9
11
4
9
10
10
14
2
6
8
6
14
17
15
7
1
12
26
21
12
16
18
9
11
50
3
3
4
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
5
3
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
5
4
3
3
3
3
4
4
5
4
    FATION,  PRINCETON, INDIANA  FROM WEST OF PLANT   SIX  MINUTE AVERAGES
     VIOLATION  AVERAGE OPACITY  AVERAGE SO  VIOLATION  NUMBER DISCARDED
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        o
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        o
                        o
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        12
                        12
                        12
                        12
                        12
                        11
                        11
                        11
                        11
                        11
                        11
                        11
                        11
                        11
                        11
                        11
                        11
                        11
                        11
                        11
                        11
                        11
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
o
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
0 OF
O OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0
0
0
0
0
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
O
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
o
o
29
29
3O
30
30
30
30
30
30
3O
30
30
30
30
30
31
32
32
32
31
31
32

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                             UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION  AGENCY
                              NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT  INVESTIGATIONS  CENTER
                                        DENVER, COLORADO 80525
OMEGA-0068,  STACK D, PSI GIBSON STATION, PRINCETON,  INDIANA  FROM  WEST  OF PLANT  SIX MINUTE AVERAGES
  DATE      TIME    OPACITY   SO  VIOLATION  AVERAGE OPACITY  AVERACE SO  VIOLATION  NUMBER DISCARDED
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/ 16/80
6/16/80
6/16/BO
6/16/BO
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/8O
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
48
48
48
49
49
49
49
49
49
50
50
50
50
51
51
51
51
51
52
52
52
53
53
53
26
44
53
2
11
SO
29
38
47
5
14
40
SB
7
16
25
43
52
1
18
27
21
30
39
7
2
SI
5
6
10
10
6
9
7
9
11
17
22
32
22
IS
16
1 1
1 1
4
10
3
8
2
2
3
4
2
3
2
3
3
4
3
3
3
3
2
4
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
3
                                                     11
                                                     11
                                                     11
                                                     11
                                                     11
                                                     11
                                                     11
                                                     10
                                                     10
                                                     10
                                                     10
                                                     10
                                                     11
                                                     11
                                                     12
                                                     12
                                                     12
                                                     12
                                                     12
                                                     13
                                                     12
                                                     12
                                                     12
                                                     12
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
33
32
32
32
32
33
33
33
33
34
31
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
33
33
28
28
28

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 100


 90


 60


 70


• 60
DRTE:  6/16/80
  	1	1	1—
 T CRLCULRTED OPflCITY PLUS OR
 I MINUS ONE STRNDflRD DEVIATION
 _,	!	!	j	!	j	!	p
    RVERflGE OPflCITlf STRNDflRD	
T	1	1	1	1	1	1	T

 30

 20
 -13
14:37            14:39           14:41
                CENTRRL  TIME
                                                                    4
                                                                            J:
                                                             14:43
                                                                                 14:4-5
      STOCK  B-   PSI  GIBSON  STRTIQN,  PRINCETON,  INDIRNR

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                   CRLCULRTED OPflCITY PLUS OR
   DRTE:  6/16/8İ   1 MINUS ONE STRNDRRD DEVIRTION       RVERR6E OPFlCITY STRHDRRD
100
 9İ


 60


 78


 60
                                 I    I    I   1    I    I    I    I   I    I
 30

 I'O
-10
                                                  I
 l'i:45           14:4?           14:43           14:51           14:53           14:55
                               CENTRflL TIME

     STRCK  B.   PSI  GIBSON  STRT3QN,   PRINCETON,  INDIRNR

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            OMEGA-0068
     PUBLIC SERVICE OF INDIANA
          GIBSON STATION
              STACK B
June 16, 1980, 15:04:46 to 15:19:21

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                             UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AOENCY
                              NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
                                        DENVER.  COLORADO 80225


OMEGA-006B,  STACK B.  PSI GIBSON STATION,  PRINCETON.  INDIANA  FROM WEST OF PLANT  SIX MINUTE AVERAGES
  DATE      TIME    OPACITY   SO  VIOLATION  AVERAGE OPACITY  AVERAGE SO  VIOLATION  NUMDER DISCARDED

 6/16/80  15  4 46     20      2                     O             0                      O OF   0
 6/16/80  15  5  4     14      2                     O             0                      O OF   O
 6/16/80  15  5 12     20      2                     0             0                      0 OF   0
 6/16/80  15  5 21     13      2                     0             0                      0 OF   0
 6/16/80  15  5 38     20      2                     O             0                      0 OF   0
 6/16/80  15  5 47     20      3                     0             0                      0 OF   0
 6/16/80  15  5 56     10      3                     0             0                      0 OF   0
 6/16/80  15  6  5     1O      3                     0             0                      0 OF   0
 6/16/80  15  6 13     21      2                     O             0                      0 OF   0
 6/16/80  15  6 22     27      2                     O             0                      0 OF   O
 6/16/80  15  6 31     22      3                     0             0                      0 OF   0
 6/16/80  15639213                     0             0                      OOFO
 6/16/80  15648213                     O             0                      OOFO
 6/16/80  15  6 57     17      2                     O             0                      O OF   O
 6/16/80  15  7  6     13      2                     O             0                      0 OF   0
 6/16/80  15  7 15     15      2                     0             0                      0 OF   0
 6/16/80  15  7 23     30      3                     O             0                      O Of   O
 6/16/80  15  7 32     19      2                     0             0                      O OF   O
 6/16/80  15  7 41     18      3                     O             0                      0 OF   O
 6/16/80  15759163                     O             0                      OOFO
 6/16/80  15  8883                     O             0                      OOFO
 6/16/80  15  8 17     18      3                     0             0                      O OF   O
 6/16/80  15  8 26     18      2                     0             0                      0 OF   O
 6/16/80  15  8 35      4      3                     0             0                      O Of   0
 6/16/80  15  8 44     14      3                     0             0                      O OF"   O
 6/16/80  15  8 52     24      2                     O             0                      O OF   O
 6/16/80  15  9 10     23      2                     O             0                      O OF   O
 6/16/80  15  9-19     20      2                     O             0                      0 OF   0
 6/16/80  15  9 28     23      3                     0             0                      O OF   O
 6/16/80  15  9 37     21      3                     0             0                      0 OF   0
 6/16/BO  15  9 45     26      3                     0             0                      0 OF   0
 6/16/80  15  9 54     24      2                     0             0                      0 OF   0
 6/16/80  15 10  3     11      4                     O             0                      0 OF   0
 6/16/80  15 10 12     25      4                     0             0                      O OF   0
 6/16/80  15 10 21     20      4                     0             0                      0 OF   0
 6/16/80  15 10 29     16      3                    18             3                      0 OF  36
 6/16/80  15 10 38     19      2                    IB             3                      O OF  37
 6/16/80  15 10 47     23      2                    19             3                      0 OF  37
 6/16/80  15 10.56     30      2                    19             3                      O OF  3B
 6/16/80  15 11  5     27      2                    19             3                      0 OF  3B
 6/16/80  15 11 13     20      3                    19             3                      O OF  38
 6/16/80  15 11 22     20      2                    19             3                      0 OF  3B
 6/16/80  15 11 31     21      2                    19             3                      O OF  39
 6/16/8O  15 11 4O     26      3                    SO             3                      O OF  39
 6/16/80  15 11 49     12      3                    19             3                      O OF  39
 6/16/80  15 11 58     18      3                    20             3                      0 OF  39
 6/16/80  15 12  7     20      3                    20             3                      0 OF  39
 6/16/8O  15 12 25      8      3                    19             3                      O OF  3Q
 6/16/80  15 12 33     10      3                    19             3                      O OF  3B
 6/16/80  15 12 42      4      2                    19             3                      0 OF  3B

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UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
 NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
           DENVER,  COLORADO 80225
OMEGA-0068. STACK Q,
DATE
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/ 16/60
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
PSI GIBSON J
TIME OPACITY
15 12 51
IS 13 0
15 13 9
15 13 18
15 13-27
15 13 44
15 13 53
15 14 2
15 14 11
15 14 20
15 14 29
15 14 38
15 14 55
15 15 13
IS 15 22
IS 15 31
15 15 39
15 15 57
15 16 6
15 16 15
15 16 24
15 16 32
15 16 41
15 16 50
15 17 8
15 17 16
15 17 25
15 17 34
15 17 52
15 18 1
15 18 10
15 18 19
15 18 37
15 18 45
15 19 3
15 19 12
15 19 21
IS
0
23
10
21
28
16
19
16
21
13
13
7
30
13
15
19
11
21
20
9
21
5
6
14
7
14
9
12
16
25
18
13
1 1
12
13
26
SO
2
2
3
3
2
3
3
3
3
2
2
3
4
3
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
3
4
3
4
5
3
3
4
3
3
2
3
2
3
3
    FATION, PRINCETON, INDIANA  FROM WEST  OF PLANT   SIX  MINUTE AVERAGES
     VIOLATION  AVERAGE OPACITY  AVERAGE SO  VIOLATION   NUMBER DISCARDED
                       18
                       18
                       18
                       18
                       18
                       18
                       18
                       18
                       18
                       18
                       18
                       19
                       18
                       18
                       18
                       18
                       18
                       17
                       18
                       17
                       17
                       17
                       17
                       16
                       16
                       15
                       15
                       15
                       14
                       14
                       15
                       15
                       15
                       15
                       15
                       15
                       16
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
38
36
38
33
38
37
3B
3H
38
38
38
38
37
37
37
37
37
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
35
35
35
35
34
34
34
35
34
34
33
33
33

-------
     DflTE:  6/16/80
                     CRLCULRTED OPRCITY PLUS OR
                     MINUS ONE STRNDRRD DEVIRTION
                                                     RVERRGE OPflCITY STRNDRRD
C_J
0=
Q_
CD
 90


 80


 7Q


 60


 50


 40


. 50


 20


 10


  0


-10
             i     r
15:  0
                                                                      i    i    r
                                              i i
                                                 II
                                                                           i	
                  15:  2
                                    15:  4            15:  6

                                    CENTRflL  TIME
15:  8
15: 10
        STRCK  B.  PSI  GIBSON  5TRTIQN,  PRINCETON,   INDIRNR

-------
  ORTE:  6/16/80
  CRLCULRTED OPRCITY PLUS OR
  MINUS ONE STRNDRRD DEVIR1ION
                                              RVERRGE OPRCITr STRNDRRD
 SO

 80

 70

 6İ
             I   I   I    I   I
                                        I   I
 30

 20

 10

 8

-10
        jj,

                                    . r
15:10
15:12
                            15:14          15:16          15:18          15:20
                            CENTRflL  TIME
     STRCK  B.   PSI  GIBSON  STRT1QN,  PRINCETON.   INDlfiNR

-------
            OMEGA-0069
     PUBLIC SERVICE OF INDIANA
          GIBSON STATION
              STACK A
June 16, 1980, 15:32:27 to 15:47:00

-------
                             UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                              NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
                                        DENVER, COLORADO 80225
OI1EGA-0069,  STACK A,  PSI GIBSON STATION, PRINCETON, INDIANA  FROM WEST  OF  PLANT   SIX  MINUTE AVERAGES
  DATE      TIME    OPACITY   SO  VIOLATION  AVERAGE OPACITY  AVERAGE SO   VIOLATION   NUMBER DISCARDED
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/8O
6/16/8O
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/60
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/BO
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/8O
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
15 32 37
15 32 35
15 32.44
15 32 53
15 33 1
15 33 10
15 33 19
15 33 27
15 33 36
15 33 45
15 33 53
15 34 2
15 34 11
15 34 20
15 34 28
15 34 37
15 34 46
15 34 55
15 35 3
15 35 12
15 35 21
15 35 30
15 35 39
15 35 47
15 35 56
15 36 5
15 36 14
15 36 23
15 36 32
15 36 41
15 36 50
15 36 58
15 37 7
15 37 25
15 37 33
15 37 42
15 37 51
15 38 0
15 38 9
15 38 18
15 38 27
15 38 36
15 38 45
15 38 54
15 39 3
15 39 12
15 39 20
15 39 29
15 39 38
15 39 47
19
17
19
27
23
19
18
28
20
25
22
27
19
19
22
24
23
20
18
10
21
11
16
20
24
22
44
44
35
29
30
33
26
26
34
31
33
26
2O
29
24
29
24
26
25
24
24
21
26
21
4
3
4
3
3
3
3
4
4
3
2
4
4
4
5
3
4
4
3
4
4
5
5
4
5
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
3
2
3
3
5
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
2
3
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     O
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     O
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     0
                                                     24
                                                     24
                                                     24
                                                     25
                                                     25
                                                     25
                                                     25
                                                     25
                                                     25
                                                     25
                                                     25
                                                     25
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
O
0
0
O
O
0
0
O
0
0
0
O
0
0
0
O
O
O
O
O
0
0
0
O
O
0
O
4
4
4
4
3
4
3
4
4
4
3
3
0 OF
0 OF
0 OK
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
0 OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
0 OF
O
O
0
0
0
0
0
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
O
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
O
0
0
O
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
O
39
40
41
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
4O
40

-------
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION  AGENCY
 NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS  CENTER
           DENVER.  COLORADO 80225
OMEGA-Q069
DATE
6/16/BO
6/16/80
6/16/8O
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/BO
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/BO
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/30
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/BO
6/16/80
6/16/BO
6/16/BO
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/60
6/16/80
6/16/BO
6/16/80
6/16/BO
6/16/BO
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/BO
6/16/BO
6/16/BO
6/16/80
6/16/80
. STACK A.
TIME
15 39 56
15 40 5
15 40 14
15 40 23
15 40 31
15 40 40
IS 40 58
15 41 7
15 41 34
15 41 33
15 41 42
15 41 51
15 42 0
15 4S 8
15 43 17
15 42 26
15 42 35
15 42 44
15 42 53
15 43 10
15 43 28
15 43 37
15 43 46
15 43 55
15 44 4
15 44 13
15 44 21
15 44 30
15 44 39
15 44 45
15 44 56
15 45 5
15 45 14
15 45 23
15 45 41
15 45 50
15 45 58
15 46 7
15 46 16
15 46 25
15 46 34
15.46 42
15 46 51
15 47 0
PSI GIBSON
£
DP AC I TY SO
21
27
IS
22
21
22
21
26
28
20
19
58
69
30
26
25
22
22
24
21
26
21
22
30
22
17
24
20
28
28
15
26
26
29
24
24
26
25
34
31
25
28
28
25
4
3
4
3
3
2
2
4
4
2
3
4
3
3
5
4
4
5
2
3
2
5
3
3
3
2
4
4
4
5
4
4
a.
3
2
3
3
4
3
2
3
3
3
4
    fATION, PRINCETON, INDIANA  FROM  WEST OF  PLANT  SIX MINUTE AVERAGES
     VIOLATION  AVERAGE OPACITY  AVERAGE  SO  VIOLATION  NUMBER DISCARDED
                       25
                       25
                       25
                       25
                       25
                       25
                       25
                       25
                       26
                       26
                       26
                       27
                       28
                       29
                       28
                       28
                       27
                       27
                       27
                       27
                       27
                       26
                       26
                       26
                       26
                       26
                       26
                       25
                       25
                       26
                       25
                       25
                       25
                       25
                       26
                       26
                       26
                       26
                       26
                       26
                       27
                       27
                       27
                       27
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
40
40
40
40
40
40
39
39
38
38
3B
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
33
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
37
37

-------
                   T CHLCULflTED OPRCITY PLUS OR
     DflTE:   6/16/80   1 MINUS ONE STRNDRRD DEVIRTION       RVERRGE OPRCITV  STRNDfiRD
  108
   98

   8Q

   78

   60
CD
   E.0

   20
  -10
                                            i   i
    Jl
      ?
 ni
I"
                                          n
                                        I	I	I	I	I	I	I
   15:30           15:32           15:3Ğ           15:36          15:.=18           15:40
                                CENTRflL  TIME

       5TRCK R.  PSI  GIBSON  STflTION,  PRINCETON,   INDIRNR

-------
                I CRLCULRTED OPRCITY PLUS OR
 DRTE:   6/i6/so  I MINUS ONE STRMDRRO DEVIRTION
   90 h
   80
   70
   60
Q_
                 1 - 1 - 1 - 1
                                                   ' - '
                                                      RVERRGE OFRCITY  STRHDRRD
                                                           ' - '
                                                                   '    '
   30
   20
   10
    o
   -10
1 5 : 4 0
                                  15:44           13:46           15=48           15 =
                                  CENTRRL  TIME
        5TRCK  fl,  PSI  GIBSON  STRTION,  PRINCETON,   INDIRNFl

-------
            OMEGA-0069
     PUBLIC SERVICE OF INDIANA
          GIBSON STATION
              STACK A
June 16, 1980, 15:52:36 to 16:07:02

-------
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
 NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
           DENVER.  COLORADO 80225
OMECA-O069, STACK A.
DATE
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
PSI GIBSON £
TIME OPACITY
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
16
52
52
52
53
53
53
53
53
53
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
56
56
56
56
56
56
56
57
57
57
57
57
57
58
58
58
53
58
58
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
0
36
45
54
2
11
19
28
45
54
2
11
20
29
37
46
55
4
13
21
30
39
48
56
5
14
33
31
40
49
58
6
15
24
33
41
59
8
16
25
34
43
51
0
9
IB
26
35
44
53
1
29
29
32
32
22
21
32
35
3O
44
38
36
29
30
33
31
35
28
18
27
23
26
25
24
16
19
24
24
31
26
19
21
24
24
25
30
15
34
22
12
18
19
25
16
12
10
13
13
27
28
SO
4
4
5
4
4
6
3
3
4
3
4
4
3
3
4
4
2
2
3
4
3
5
3
4
6
6
6
3
4
2
2
5
4
4
4
5
5
3
5
3
4
3
3
4
4
3
4
4
4
3
    rATION,  PRINCETON,  INDIANA  FROM WEST OF PLANT  SIX  MINUTE AVERAGES
     VIOLATION  AVERAGE OPACITY  AVERAGE SO  VIOLATION   NUMBER DISCARDED
                        0
                        O
                        0
                        O
                        0
                        0
                        O
                        O
                        O
                        O
                        0
                        0
                        O
                        O
                        O
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        O
                        O
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        O
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                        0
                       27
                       27
                       27
                       26
                       26
                       26
                       26
                       25
                       25
                       24
                       24
                       24
0
O
O
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
O
0
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
0 OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
O OK
O OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
0 OF
o or
0 OF
o or
0 OK
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
0
O
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
o
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
39
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
41
41
41

-------
                             UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION  AGENCY
                              NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT  INVESTIGATIONS  CENTER
                                        DENVER. COLORADO  80225
OMEGA-0069,  STACK A, PSI GIBSON STATION, PRINCETON,  INDIANA   FROM  WEST OF PLANT  SIX MINUTE AVERAGES
  DATE      TIME    OPACITY   SO  VIOLATION  AVERAGE OPACITY  AVERAGE  SO  VIOLATION  NUMBER DISCARDKD
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/SO
6/16/80
6/16/SO
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/BO
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/SO
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/BO
6/16/BO
6/16/BO
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
6/16/80
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
0 19
0 26
0 36
0 45
0 54
1 3
1 12
1 SO
1 29
1 38
1 47
1 56
2 5
2 22
2 31
2 40
2 48
2 57
3 6
3 15
3 24
3 32
3 41
3 50
3 59
4 7
4 16
4 25
4 42
4 51
5 0
5 17
5 26
5 35
5 43
5 52
6 1
6 10
6 18
6 27
6 36
6 44
6 53
7 2
23
24
21
B
0
21
13
9
14
31
30
19
24
IS
33
30
32
31
25
22
13
6
4
9
21
12
0
0
4
38
5
30
23
8
22
79
35
25
5
18
32
21
14
19
4
2
3
3
5
3
4
4
5
4
2
4
6
4
3
3
4
4
2
4
4
4
3
3
3
4
3
3
3
4
4
3
4
5
3
7
6
3
3
5
3
4
4
5
                                                    23
                                                    23
                                                    23
                                                    22
                                                    21
                                                    21
                                                    21
                                                    20
                                                    20
                                                    20
                                                    20
                                                    20
                                                    20
                                                    2O
                                                    20
                                                    21
                                                    21
                                                    21
                                                    21
                                                    21
                                                    21
                                                    20
                                                    20
                                                     19
                                                     19
                                                     19
                                                     19
                                                     18
                                                     17
                                                     18
                                                     17
                                                     18
                                                     18
                                                     18
                                                     18
                                                    20
                                                    20
                                                    20
                                                    20
                                                     19
                                                    20
                                                    20
                                                    20
                                                    20
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
0 OK
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
O OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
0 OF
O OF
O OF
0 OF
40
4O
40
40
40
40
40
40
4O
4O
40
40
40
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
4O
40
40
40
39
39
39
38
38
38
38
38
38
30
39
39
39
39
39
39

-------
                   T CRLCULflTED OPflCITY PLUS OR
    DRTE:  6/16/30   1 MINUS ONE STRNDflRD DEVIRTION       RVERR&E OPflCITY STRHDRRD
 10 Hi
 90


 80


 70


 60
 3@
*


 20


 10


  0


 -10
  15:50            15:52            15:51            15:56            15:58            16:  0

                                  CENTRRL  TIME

      5TRCK  fl.  PSI  GIBSON  STRTION,   PRINCETON.   INDIRNR

-------
     DRTE:  6/16/80
                     CRLCULRTED  OPflCITY PLUS OR
                     MINUS ONE STflNDflRD DEVIRTIOH
                     RVERREE OPflCITY  STRNDRRD 	
CJ
oz
Cl-
 90


 SO


 70

 60

 50


 40


> SO

 20


 10

  0


 -10
             I    I
    16: 0
                  It
                  16: 2
                                                         I    I
                 r
16:  4
16:  6
16:  8
16: 10
                                    CENTRflL  TIME

        5TRCK  R.   PSI  GIBSON  5TRT10N,   PRINCETON,   INDIRNR

-------