ENVIRO NMEN TA L
              NEWS
              S U MM A R Y                  feb™r*6 •  i974
   Office of Public Affairs      U.S. Environmental Protection Agency      Washington, D.C. 20460
EPA IGNORES WHITE HOUSE ON CLEAN AIR

        In article titled, "Government Agencies  Struggle  to  Keep  Going  in  Face of
Watergate," Wall St. Journal  (1/30/74) claims  EPA  officials  "openly  fight  to persuade
Congress to reject White House recommendations for relaxation  of  clean-air laws."
Quotes agency official:  "The Office of Management and  Budget  sent the  message to the
Hill without bothering to clear it with us,  so we  said,  'Forget it,  we'll  ignore
it.1"  Says Sansom resignation "partly because of  White House  failure to resolve num-
erous conflicts EPA has had with other agencies."   Sansom cites "the frustration of
trying to participate in the formulation of  national  policy  while the country is
burdened with Watergate."

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CAMPAIGN SPENDING BILL COULD CRIPPLE ENVIRONMENTALISTS

        Although N.Y. Times (2/3/74) says some environ:-ei-tal  leaders feel  '74 will be
"toughest year yet" because of energy crisis and Watergate,  it also  quotes Marion
Edey, coordinator, League of Conservation Voters,  who worries  not about Americans
blaming ecology movement for energy shortages  (only 2 per cs-'t did in recent Gallup
Poll), but about proposed provision of Federal hlections  campaign Bill  favoring incum-
bents over challengers ("our bag"), by limiting  individual,  committee contributions
to $3,000.  Ms. Edey says limit easily circumvented by  industry,  labor  organizations
with many diverse  branches, but will foil smaller, issus--oriented citizen groups.
Also, costs of fund raising to be charged against  contribution ce-.'ling, crippling en-
vironmental organizations dependent on mail  solicitations.

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RESERVE MINING NOW FACES AIR POLLUTION CHARGES

        In case Knight newspaper chain calls "most important environmental suit ever
tried," District Court judge rules federal government can amend its  water  pollution
complaint against Reserve Mining Co. to include  air pollution  charges,  reports N.Y.
Times (2/2/74).  U.S. started proceedings against  Reserve Mining, Silver Bay, Mum.,
several months ago to stop company from dumping  67,000  tons  of waste taconite rock in-
to Lake Superior every day.  Reserve's attorneys oppose^  air amendment, claim no feder<
power over inlrasta'.e air pollution.

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STATES SUE NIXON ON SEWAGE IMPOUNDMENT
        Washington,  Pennsylvania   file  class action suit in D.C. Distri
ct Court on be-
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                                                     ENVIRONMENTAL NEWS SUMMARY
half of  D.C., all states and  territories, seeking release of $9 billion in water pollu-
tion control funds  impounded  by feds  .  Also, Illinois files separate suit in U.S. Dis-
trict Court for  impounded  $196 million  (Oregon Journal . 1/23/74,) Wash. Star, 1/3/74),

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DDT BAN:  EPA NEMESIS?

         In light of Forest Service request for DDT use against tussock moth infestation
in Pacific Northwest, approval of bill by House Agricultural Committee transferring DDT
regulatory power from EPA to Agriculture Dept., EPA holds hearings, comes under "heavy
fire" from Oregon,  Idaho Congressmen, notes Wash. Post (2/2/74), N.Y. Times (2/2/74).
Sen. McClure (R-Idaho) says ban "a mistake of staggering proportions," costing nation
"$83 million in loss of marketable timber, $240 million in income and employment lost,
and unmeasurable losses in terms of watershed and game habitat damaged."  Rep. Hansen
(R- Idaho) says Ag Committee "on the verge" of reporting bill permitting DDT use in tus-
sock emergency.  However. Charles Walker, acting chief of environmental quality, Bureau
of Sport  Fisheries and Wildlife, says, "Compelling e/idence from laboratory and field
studies demonstrates the adverse impact of DDT on fish and birdlife."

        IN OTHER PESTICIDE DEVELOPMENTS.  EPA gives Colorado State University $363,000
to study  pesticide effects on humans in western U.S. Long-term monitoring will include
examinations of farmers, factory workers exposed to pesticides daily (Denver Post, 1/24/
MAYORS WANT DOUBLE PROPOSED TRANSIT AID

        While applauding Nixon's first-time recommendation that federal  funds be used
for mass transit operations, U.S. Conference of Mayors wants double his  urban transit
fund proposal, to $3 billion a year, plus $600,000 annually for operating subsidies,
observes Wash. Post (2/1/74).  Citing energy crisis, Mayors ii'so urge one-time appro-
priation of $400,000 to build new buses.

        IN RELATED DEVELOPMENTS.  N.Y. Times (2/1/74) calls Nixon's commitment to over-
all mass transpo assistance, mostly for capital improvements, inadequate:  "If the au-
tomobile-riding public is to be lured back to public transportation.. .major investments
will have to be made. . .throughout the nation in new and_improved facilities and equip-
ment.  Yet Mr. Nixon's  program, as described so far by hederal transportation officials
offers only modest increases in the $2 billion over-all .. .program that has been developed
over the past few years."

        IN OTHER TRANSPORTATION DEVELOPMENTS.  J'What we now need, .urgently," says Wash.
Post (1/24/74), "is rapid passenger service expansion and improvement. . .Congress. ..
should now make a further substantial investment in railroad travel.   It seems essentia
to... survive the energy crisis in reasonably go?d health." ---- L.A.'s  mass-transit ex-
periment, 10-cent flat Sunday bus fare to anywhere in city, so successful that L.A.
county supervisors urge Southern Cal . Rapid Transit District to extend program at least
through June, with $575,000 subsidy (Christian Science Monitor, 1/30/74).

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CALIFORNIA  BOTTLE BILL  GATHERING STEAM
        Over strong opposition by labor groups, Calif.   Assembly Natural  resources and
74

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  ENVIRONMENTAL NEWS SUMMARY
 Conservation Committee approves measure (1)  Requiring  5-cent  bottle  deposit,  (2) makini
 pop-top cans illegal, and (3)  requiring container labeling  to facilitate  returns (L.A.
 Times.  1/24/74)                                                                  	

         IN RELATED DEVELOPMENTS. Oregon Supreme Court  asked to review  State Appeals
Court decision upnoiaing constitutionality of Oregon's  bottle bill (see  1/9/74 News
 Summary),notes Euaene. Ore.  Rpnistpr-fiiiarri (I/17/741	In  letter to Wash. PosT	
 (1/29/74)  Rep. Vigorito (D-pa~.;, cai is  on House Interstate  and Foreign  Commerce "Commit
 tee to  hold hearings  on first  federal  bottle bill, (which he  introduced in '70).  Says
 fuel saved by banning non-returnables  could  heat two million  homes for  eight months,
 operate nearly 1.7 million cars averaging 10 m.p.g. for 10,000 miles.   Adds that 6re-
 qon Bottle Bill  demonstrates net increase in jobs resulting from  this  type of law,
 due to  collection  required for re-use of bottles	"Recycling is a  process whose time
 has come," says  syndicated financial columnist Sylvia  Porter  in Wash. Star (1/29/74 &
 1/30/74).   Provides answer to  dangerous depletion of our key  minerals.  Local collect!
 centers  not economically successful, but scrap collection and sale by communities is:
 "Higher  prices for raw materials  are directly spurring  recycling  because  the value of
scrap, recyclable  material;  (2)  inequities  in  fed procurement policies with "virgin
only" specifications;  and  (3)  tax  discrimination between recyclable, virgin material.

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EPA AXES STEAM CAR CONTRACTOR

        Agency cancels $900,000  contract with  William Lear, designer of Learjet, for
development of steam-powered car,  reveals Wash. Post (1/31/74).  EPA says contract
canceled due to failure  in mee-'.ing government  timetables.  Also reported in Wall Str
Journal, 1/31/74). . .EPA  selects  Scientific  Energy Systems Inc. for $2 million contract
to continue developing steam car (Wall St.  Journal . 2/5/74).

FOREST VS. PHOSPHATE

        Looming shortage of phosphate  (important fertilizer ingredient) could lead to
strip mining 28,000 acres of Fla.'s Osceola National Forest, wiping out, "according to
expert testimony," the best habitat for several threatened species, and severely reduc
ing timber production on permanent basis, warns Christian Science Monitor (1/23/74).
Four companies apply for leases, but state  officials denounce mining, sue to block it.
OFFSHORE DRILLING STILL DANGEROUS

        CEQ head Peterson tells House subcommittee that oil drilling technology has
improved since  '69 Santa Barbara spill, but still not good enough, and potential  for
oil spills caused by human error "remains high"  (Wash. Post. 1/31/74).

        IN OTHER OIL DEVELOPMENTS.  Public hearings on Pitts ton Co.  proposal  for $350
million oil refinery/oil tanker port at Eastport, Me. end 1/23/74, relates Portland,
Me. Press Herald (1/24/74).  Pittston, refinery opponents now have month to file sup-
pi ementaTargumihts , then another week for rebuttal, with final decision by state De-

partment of Environmental Protection by March 29 or earlier.
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                                                     ENVIRONMENTAL NEWS SUMMARY
RECLAMATION  REIGNS?

        Coal companies have never worked so hard at reclaiming strip mined land, feels
Christian Science Monitor (1/16/74), primarily because: (1) Their officials are fearful
of unfavorable environmental publicity, and (2) most state laws now make reclamation
imperative.
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COLORADO BRACES FOR OIL SHALE DEVELOPMENT
        Colorado House State Affairs Committee unanimously approves bill creating
special fund to help state cope with oil shale development problems, says Rocky
Mountain News. (1/23/74).  All monies from shale transactions will be put into special
fund supervised by state treasurer	Environmental Defense Fund attorneys say state
laws ill-prepared to face development pressures:   "The major decisions about oil shale
development are being made by a very strange coalesence of forces, most of them out-
side of Colorado." (Denver Post, 1/16/74)	Despite "the prospect of mountains of
slag and a huge consumption of wate?" the Federal  Bureau of Land Management has not put
any restrictions on methods of oil shale extraction in Colo., and has not required com-
panies bidding on the land to investigate any new  processes of technology (Colorado
Springs Sun, 1/16/74)	Environmental Defense Fund lawyers warn Colo, legislators that
oil shale development may exhaust state's remaining water supply, also might deteriorat
Colo. Rivpr to point of harming agricultural irrigation (Rocky Mountain News. 1/17/74).

AEC'S RAY PROMISES STEPPED-UP SAFETY EFFORTS

        AEC chairman Dixy Lee Ray and reactor safety head Herbert Kouts tell Christian
Science Monitor (1/15/75) that past AEC safety efforts have been insufficient, and that
agency "is moving to re-establish its credibility  in the field of reactor safety among
its own staff as well as scientists in the industry."  Both "adamant" that series of
long-delayed safety tests be run.

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