United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park NC 27711
EPA-450/3-91-013
JULY 1991
Air
Enabling Document
for Regulations Governing
Compliance Extensions for
Early Reductions of
Hazardous Air Pollutants
                   DRAFT

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     ENABLING DOCUMENT FOR
     REGULATIONS GOVERNING
   COMPLIANCE EXTENSIONS FOR
EARLY REDUCTIONS OF F
          AIR POLLUTANTS
                Prepared By
           Emission Standards Division
     U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
             Office of Air and Radiation
         Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
         Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
                 July 1991

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                        TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                                              Page

 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW	 1-1

 2.0 THE REGULATIONS	2-1

      §63.72      GENERAL PROVISIONS FOR COMPLIANCE
                EXTENSIONS	2-1

      §63.73      SOURCE	2-5

      §63.74      DEMONSTRATION OF EARLY REDUCTION	2-16

      §63.75      ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENTS	2-32

      §63.76      REVIEW OF BASE YEAR EMISSIONS	2-39

      §63.77      APPLICATION PROCEDURES	2-46

      §63.78      EARLY REDUCTION DEMONSTRATION EVALUATION	2-49

      §63.79      APPROVAL OF APPLICATIONS	2-51

      §63.80      ENFORCEMENT	2.53

      §63.81      RULE FOR SPECIAL SITUATIONS	2-55

3.0    PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION	3_.|

     ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENTS	3_-|

     STEPS IN THE SYSTEM	3.3

     REVIEW CHECKLISTS	3.6

     BASELINE SUBMITTALS	    3.7

     REVIEWER CHECKLISTS FOR BASELINE SUBMITTALS	  3-8

     PERMIT APPLICATIONS	3_g




                              '                        07/29/91

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                   TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)






                                                            Page



4.0   INTERFACE WITH THE INDUSTRIAL TOXICS PROJECT	4-1




     DESCRIPTION OF THE 33/50 PROJECT	4-1



     INTERFACE BETWEEN ITP AND THE EARLY REDUCTION PROGRAM	4-2




APPENDIX A: EXAMPLE ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENT



APPENDIX B: REVIEWER CHECKLISTS




APPENDIX C: REVIEWER CHECKLISTS FOR BASELINE APPROVAL
                                                     07/29/91

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                         LIST OF TABLES

Table                                                        Page

 1-1  EMISSIONS COMPARISON EARLY REDUCTIONS VS. SECTION 112(d)
     STANDARD	^3

 2-1  INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS FOR DEMONSTRATION OF EARLY
     REDUCTION	2-17

 2-2  WEIGHTING FACTORS FOR HIGH-RISK POLLUTANTS	2-22

 2-3  ANTICIPATED PROPOSAL DATES FOR EARLY STANDARDS	2-33

 2-4  EPA REGIONAL OFFICE ADDRESSES	2-35

 2-5  COMPONENTS OF AN ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENT	2-36
                                                     07/29/91

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                              LIST OF FIGURES
Figure                                                                    Page
 1-1   Early Reduction Program Duration of Overall Program	1-4
 2-1   Overview of the Early Reduction Program	2-2
 2-2   Chemical Plant Schematic Entire Facility	2-7
 2-3   Chemical Plant Schematic Functional and Geographical	.-	2-9
 2-4   Chemical Plant Schematic Potentially Unacceptable Selective Grouping	2-10
 2-5   Metal Coating Operation	2-12
 2-6   Chemical Plant Schematic Process Train	2-13
 2-7   Early Reduction Program Duration of Key Activities	2-40
 2-8   Enforceable Commitment (or Baseline) Review	2-41
 2-9   Early Reduction Program Duration of Key Activities	2-48
 3-1   Management System for Review of Enforceable Commitments	3-4
                                                                 07/29/91

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                   1.0 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW

       The purpose of this Enabling Document is to provide practical information on
 implementation of the early reduction program, including explanations of the
 requirements and procedures for early reduction demonstration submittals and review
 of the submittals. The primary goal is to enable the EPA Regional Offices and States
 to better understand the program and their roles, and thereby, better implement the
 program.
       This is EPA's first draft of the enabling document and EPA plans to make this a
 living document.  As EPA gains experience with the program, this document will be
 revised and appended as appropriate to better aid the Regional EPA Offices and
 states implement the regulations.
       On November 15, 1990, the Clean Air Act was amended, and significant
 changes were made to Section 112 of the  Act establishing national emission standards
 for hazardous air pollutants.  One of the new features of the Act is an incentive
 program by which an owner or operator can obtain a six-year extension of compliance
 with an applicable 112(d) standard for early reductions in hazardous air pollutant
 emissions.
       The purpose of the program is to encourage early reductions  in HAP emissions.
 Source owners and operators that participate in the program will gain the benefit of
 more time to develop strategies for compliance with 112(d) standards.  Ideally, this will
 give  them an opportunity to develop more cost-effective emission reduction
 approaches.  In addition, participating companies can enjoy the benefit of improved
 community relations when they become recognized as good corporate citizens that
 are concerned about improving the environment.
      At the same time,  the public benefits because HAP emissions are significantly
 reduced earlier than they would be, if sources delayed control until they were subject
to 112(d) standards. Moreover, this early reduction program has the potential to not
only  lower annual emissions early, but also lower overall long-term emissions from the

                                    1-1                          07/29/91

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 source. This long-term environmental benefit is illustrated by example in Table 1-1.
 Consider a source emitting HAP at a rate of 100 tons per year.  Assume that this
 source achieves a 90 percent reduction in HAP emissions, to a rate of 10 tons per
 year, just prior to proposal of an applicable 112(d) standard, and receives a six-year
 compliance extension. In  comparison, consider an identical 100 ton per year source
 which does not achieve early reductions, but complies with the 112(d) standard three
 years after the standard is promulgated.  Assuming that 112(d) standard is 98 percent
 reduction, the source participating in the early reduction program would emit only  100
 tons of HAP over a ten-year period in comparison to 412 tons from the source that
 waits and complies with the 112(d) regulation.  After that time, both sources would be
 subject to 112(d) standard and HAP emissions can be assumed to be equal.
       The early reduction  program has long term implications on the State and
 Regional EPA permitting authorities that will administer the program. As illustrated in
 Figure 1-1, the duration of  the overall program will be about 18 years, from 1991 until
 November 2009.  Figure 1-1 illustrates that some submittals for the program
 (enforceable commitments) will be received beginning in 1991. The last compliance
 extension for the last 112(d) standard promulgated under Title  III of the Act will expire
 by November of 2009, thus formally ending the effects of the early reduction program.
       Initially, the program will be administered by the EPA Regional Offices.  Then, as
 the individual permitting programs of the States are approved under Title V, the
 respective States will take over administration of the program.
      On June 13, 1991, the U.S. Environmental Agency (EPA) proposed regulations
 governing compliance extensions for early reductions of hazardous air pollutants
 under subpart D of 40 CFR 63. The proposed rule establishes requirements and
procedures for source owners and operators to follow in order to obtain compliance
extensions, and for reviewing agencies to follow in evaluating requests for extensions.
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        TABLE 1-1. EMISSIONS COMPARISON EARLY REDUCTIONS VS.
                         SECTION 112(d) STANDARD

TIME
(YEARS)
1 (year between proposal
and promulgation)
2
3
4 (third year after
promulgation)
5
6
7
8
9
10 (last year of
compliance extension)
TOTALS

SECTION 112(d)
100
100
100
100
2
2
2
2
2
2
412
CONTROL SCENARIO
STANDARD EARLY REDUCTION
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
100
SECTION 112 (d) STANDARD = 98%

Assumptions: 100 ton/yr source (uncontrolled); Section 112(d) standard achieves 98%
control; Section  1l2(d) standard is effective 3 years after promulgation;  9 years after
Section 112(d) standard promulgation Section 112(d) standard applies to source which
received a compliance extension.


                                   1-3                         07/29/91

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EPA Administers Program    Transition
States Administer Program
  77777/77777777777,

                          Duration of Overall Program


0
1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

	 •-
1999

2000

(.
     Mid 1991
     Industry
    Consultations
    Earliest E£
                                  EC: Enforceable Commitment
                                 Nov. 1999
                                Proposal of
                                Last112(d)
                                 Standard
                                                                                               2009
 Nov. 2009
   Last
Compliance
 Extension
    Jres
               Figure 1-1.  Early Reduction Program:  Duration of Overall Program

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The regulations are organized according to the following sections:
      63.70   Applicability.
      63.71   Definitions.
      63.72   General provisions for compliance extensions.
      63.73   Source.
      63.74   Demonstration of early reduction.
      63.75   Enforceable Commitments
      63.76   Review of base year emissions.
      63.77   Application procedures.
      63.78   Early reduction demonstration evaluation.
      63.79   Approval of applications.
      63.80   Enforcement.
      63.81   Rule for special situations.
                              1-5                           07/29/91

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                           2.0  THE REGULATIONS

       This chapter provides a discussion of the individual sections of the proposed
 regulation. Where appropriate, the underlying rationale for specific parts of the
 regulation are discussed and guidance on implementation of the regulations is
 provided.  In addition, implications of the standard and answers to anticipated
 questions are provided at the end of each subsection.

 §63.72 GENERAL PROVISIONS FOR COMPLIANCE EXTENSIONS
       This section of the regulation basically restates the main provisions outlined
 under 112(i)(5) of the Clean Air Act.  Under these provisions, the Administrator or a
 State acting pursuant to a permitting program approved under Title V shall by permit
 allow an existing source to meet an  alternative emission limitation in lieu of an emission
 limitation promulgated under 112(d)  standard, for a period of 6 years  from the
 compliance date of the applicable standard, providing the source owner or operator:

       (1)    demonstrates that the source has achieved (i) 90 percent overall (95
             percent for paniculate emissions) reduction in base year HAP emissions
             and (ii) a 90 (95) percent reduction in base year HAP emissions adjusted
             for high-risk pollutant weighting factors; and
       (2)    that such reduction is achieved before proposal of  an applicable  112(d)
             standard, or before January 1, 1994, provided that  an enforceable
             commitment was made prior to proposal of the earliest applicable
             standard.

      As  illustrated in Figure 2-1, this creates two paths for participation in the early
reduction  program.  For sources that achieve reductions prior to proposal of an
applicable 112(d) standard, the owner or operator can submit a permit application
along with a demonstration of early reduction.  For sources that cannot achieve the
early reduction before proposal, but can achieve such reduction  before
                                     2-1                           07/29/91

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                  TWO PATHS TO
              PARTICIPATION IN THE
                EARLY REDUCTION
                     PROGRAM
                    SOURCE ANALYSIS
                    WILL QUALIFYING
                    REDUCTIONS BE
                   ACHIEVED BEFORE
                    PROPOSAL OF AN
                   APPLICABLE 112(d)
                      STANDARD?
                  No
Yes
SUBMIT ENFORCEABLE
   COMMITTMENT
 (COMMIT TO ACHIEVE
 REDUCTION BEFORE
  JANUARY 1,1994)
  I   SUBMIT BASELINE  I
  I ESTIMATE FOR REVIEW I
                    SUBMIT PERMIT
                  APPLICATION WHICH
                   CONTAINS EARLY
                     REDUCTION
                   DEMONSTRATION
               PERMITTING AUTHORITY ISSUES
                 A PERMIT ESTABLISHING
                 ALTERNATIVE EMISSION
                LIMITATION(S) FOR SOURCE
       Figure 2-1. Overview of the early reduction program.
                      2-2
            07/29/91

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 January 1, 1994, the owner or operator can submit an enforceable commitment to
 reduce base year emissions by 90 (95) percent, achieve the reduction before
 January 1, 1994, and submit a permit application prior to December 1, 1993
 demonstrating the early reduction. The difference between the two paths is the timing
 of the reduction with respect to proposal of an applicable 112(d) standard, and the
 ability to submit an enforceable commitment in the case of the initial 112(d) standards.
 In either case, the end result of a successful early reduction demonstration is an
 alternate emission limitation issued by permit which grants the owner or operator a six-
 year extension from compliance with an applicable 112(d) standard.
       In addition to reducing aggregate HAP emissions by 90 (95) percent, the
 general provisions require a separate 90 (95) percent reduction demonstration taking
 into account high-risk pollutant weighting factors. The owner or operator must multiply
 the base year and post-reduction emissions of each individual HAP by the  weighting
 factor associated with the HAP and show that HAP emissions adjusted for  high-risk
 pollutants have been reduced by 90 (95) percent.  Additional discussion of this
 demonstration is provided in later sections.
    The Act specifically gives States the right to require more than 90 (95) percent
 aggregate or individual pollutant reduction when the States are issuing permits under
 this program.  In addition, other procedures or  requirements may apply to the source
 at the State level. For example, a source may be required to obtain State
 preconstruction and operating permits for any action it undertakes under the early
reduction program, or the source may have to meet separate control requirements
imposed by existing State regulations for toxic air pollutants.
      Question and Answer
      What happens if the source is granted an alternative emission limitation  in
      a permit issued by the EPA Regional Office and the State later attempts
      to require greater than 90 (95) percent reduction, when it receives
      permitting approval under Title V?
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       Once an alternative emission limitation is granted by the
       EPA or a State Agency under the Early Reduction Program,
       it remains in effect for the entire six-year period.  Under this
       program, neither the State nor EPA can revoke the permit or
       require an alternative emission limitation more stringent than
       that already approved by the permitting agency, until the
       end of the six-year period.  However, the six year extension
    _   applies only to 112(d) standards and does not universally
       exempt a source from compliance with all other regulations.

 What happens if the source makes an acceptable enforceable commitment to
 the U.S. EPA and the State later requires greater than 90 (95) percent
 reduction, when it receives permitting approval under Title V?

       Nothing precludes a State from requiring greater than 90
       (95) percent reduction under the early reduction program.
       In concept, a source owner or operator could make a
       commitment to reduce HAP emissions by 90 (95) percent
       and later have the state require a greater than 90
       (95) percent reduction. However, this situation should not
       occur.  The EPA's implementation program (see Chapter 3)
       focuses on close communication and coordination between
       the states, EPA Regional Offices, and EPA Headquarters.
       The state will receive a copy of the enforceable commitment
       at the same time as the EPA Region and will review the
       enforceable commitment concurrent with EPA review.  The
       EPA Regional Office will discuss the commitment with the
       state early in the review process and state comments on the
       enforceable commitment will be solicited by the EPA
       Region.

Can States grant extensions for less than six years?

      No.  The provision in Section 112(i)(5)(A) states that,
       "Nothing in this paragraph shall preclude a State from
      requiring reductions in excess of those specified in this
      subparagraph as a condition of granting the extension...".
      The provision allows for States to require greater reduction
      (e.g., greater than 90 or 95 percent) of HAP emissions,  but
      does not allow the State to restrict the extension to less than
      six years.
                               2-4                          07/29/91

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 §63.73  SOURCE

       For purposes of the early reduction program, source is defined as follows:


       (1)   A building, structure, facility or installation identified as a source by
             the EPA in Appendix B;

       (2)   All portions of an entire contiguous facility under common ownership or
             control that emit hazardous air pollutants;

       (3)   Any portion of an entire contiguous facility under common ownership or
             control that emit HAP and can be identified as a facility, building,
             structure,  or installation for purposes of establishing standards  under
             section 112(d) of the Act:

       (4)   Any combination of sources defined in (3) above, provided that emission
             reduction from the aggregation of sources constitutes significant
             reduction of hazardous air pollutant emissions of the entire contiguous
             facility  under common ownership or control; or

       (5)    Any individual emission point or combination of emission points within a
             contiguous facility under common ownership or control, provided that
             emission reduction from such point or aggregation of points constitutes a
             significant  reduction of hazardous air pollutant emissions of the entire
             contiguous facility;


       For purposes of paragraphs  (4) and (5) of this section, emissions  reductions
are considered significant if they are made from base year HAP emissions of not less

than (1) a total of 10 tons per year where the total emissions of hazardous air

pollutants in the base year from the entire contiguous facility is greater than 25 tons;
or (2) a total of 5 tons per year of hazardous air pollutants where the total emissions
of hazardous air pollutants in the base year from the entire contiguous facility is less
than 25 tons per year.

      Depending on a particular 1l2(d)  standard, a source may be defined broadly or
narrowly, from a discrete emission point up to and including an entire plant.  This

definition of source is consistent with the broad flexibility encompassed under section

111(a)(3) of the Act and  is designed to further the  underlying purposes of the early
                                     2-5                           07/29/91

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 reduction program. The final definition of source in the regulation may change as a
 result of the notice and comment process.
       The scope of the definition is best illustrated by examining each paragraph of
 the definition.  Under paragraph  (1), EPA has, to date, identified only one group of
 sources as likely sources for purposes of establishing 112(d) standards.  These are
 fugitive  emissions sources from hazardous organic chemical facilities.
       Fugitive emissions from equipment leaks covered in the Hazardous Organic
 NESHAP,  or HON, proposed in 1991 have  been identified as a source for purposes of
 establishing standards  under 1l2(d) standards with sufficient certainty to consider
 them separately.  EPA  has engaged in an extensive regulatory negotiation to establish
 proposed  112(d) standards for equipment leaks from HON plants. See the  March 16,
 1991 issue of the  Federal Register (56 FR 9315). The proposed regulation defines
 source as the collection of applicable equipment (valves, pumps, connectors, etc.)
 within a process unit that uses as a reactant or makes one of-the organics listed in
 112(b) standard of the Clean Air Act Amendments as hazardous.  For the purposes of
 the negotiated proposed rule, the process unit comprises all equipment from the
 feedstock storage tanks through end product disposition and wastewater treatment.
 Fugitive  equipment leaks are treated as a separate class because they can occur
 throughout the plant wherever process equipment handles fluids and are not
 associated with any particular type of discrete emission point, e.g., storage or process
 vents.  The negotiating  committee recognized the need to treat equipment leaks
 separately.  EPA recognizes that this proposed definition of source is for proposal
 purposes only. It may change as a result of the notice and comment process.
 Nevertheless, for purposes of early reductions, the definition of source for these types
 of emissions will be what is reflected  in the regulatory language in  the March 6 notice.
 EPA notes  that tentatively  identifying equipment leaks as a source for early reductions
 is in  no way meant to limit how  "source" will be defined for the purposes of any
 particular 1l2(d) standard, including the HON equipment leak standard.
      The second part of the definition (paragraph (2)) encompasses the entire
contiguous facility.   (See Figure 2-2)  Under paragraph (2) of the definition, if an
                                     2-6                          07/29/91

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  Tank farm
      A      O
          oo
Process unit X
Transfer/loading
      Wastewater
      Treatment
         Tank
                 Wastewater
                 Treatment
           Tank farm C
                               Tank farm
                                   B
                          Process unit Y
                                 Tank
                                            Process unit YY
         Transfer/loading
                  O O Tank farm
               OOO    D
                   Contiguous plant boundary
              Figure 2-2. Chemical Plant Schematic
                       Entire Facility
                            2-7
                               07/29/91

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 applicant designates the entire contiguous facility as the source and demonstrates that
 the total emissions of hazardous air pollutants from the contiguous facility have been
 reduced by 90 percent (or 95 percent for particulates), then the facility would receive a
 six year extension from any and all 112(d) standards applicable to the facility.  The six
 year extension is added to the promulgated compliance date for each applicable
 standard.  A plantwide definition of source clearly falls within the definition of source
 under section  111(a)(3).
       A "source" may also be defined to encompass less than an entire plant;
 however, only those points identified as part of the source would be eligible for the six
 year 112(d) standard extension.  Under paragraph (3) of the definition, the applicant
 could identify groups of emission points, that have a functional or geographical
 relationship to one another and characterize the collection of points  as a facility (see
 Figure 2-3).  For example, the applicant could identify a group of functionally similar
 points (Tank Farm B)  as a source and achieve a 90% reduction across that source.
 Alternatively, the applicant could identify all tanks in one of the other areas (A, C, or D)
 as a separate source because each of these areas could be defined as a tank farm
 installation or facility.   Moreover, the applicant could take one or more of the tanks  out
 of service and  credit that  reduction towards the 90%, provided the shutdown was
 permanent. Under paragraph (3), however, the applicant could not identify a tank
 farm as the source and then subdivide the tank farm to exclude a portion of the tanks
 because they were already partially controlled.  (Figure 2-4).  This configuration of a
 source may, however, be acceptable if the designated tanks meet the requirements of
 paragraph (4) or (5).
      Generally, geographic grouping to form a source would  only be allowed for
 emission points of the same type within a logical physical area, as in the examples
 above.  Under  paragraph (3) it would not be acceptable to aggregate as a source
 based on a geographical relationship several unrelated tanks, process vents,
wastewater units, etc, simply because they were all located on  the same side of the
road. However, if a building or other enclosed structure houses a collection of
emission points, such a source definition would be consistent with section 111(a)(3)'s
                                      2-8                          07/29/91

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  Tank farm
      A      O
          oo
Process unit X
Transfer/loading
     Wastewater

     Treatment
         Tank
                 Wastewater

                 Treatment
           Tank farm  C
                                    farm
                                               Process unit Y
                                 Tank
                                            Process unit YY
         Transfer/loading
             O O O  Tank farm
               OOO    D
              Figure 2-3. Chemical Plant Schematic

                 Functional and Geographical
                            2-9
                              07/29/91

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  Tank farm
      A     O
          oo
Process unit X
Transfer/loading
      Wastewater

      Treatment
          Tank
                 Wastewater

                 Treatment
            Tank farm  C
                                                Process unit Y
                                  Tank
                                            Process unit YY
         Transfer/loading
              O O O  Tank farm
                OOO    D
               Figure 2-4. Chemical Plant Schematic

             Potentially Unacceptable Selective Grouping

                             2-10                    07/29/91

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 definition of source as "any building, structure, facility, or installation."   For example, a
 metal parts coating operation consisting of degreasers, painting lines, and paint
 strippers within a single enclosed structure could collectively be considered a source.
 (See Figure 2-5).
       Under paragraph (3), the applicant could  also identify a process or production
 unit as a source, such as all equipment-associated with the production of chemical X.
 An applicant, therefore, could identify as one "source" the outlined areas in Figure 2-6
 which constitute a process unit and include all tanks in Area A, the vents  on
 Production Unit X, and the tanks in Area C. All points that are substantially dedicated
 to a particular process must be included in the process unit source.  In many
 instances, however, some components of the plant will be shared by multiple process
 units, e.g., a wastewater treatment system. For  common or shared facilities which
 serve or are linked with multiple process units, the applicant could consider the
 common facility as part of a single process unit or treat it as  a separate source. The
 applicant has fairly broad flexibility to identify those logical points that constitute a
 process unit or production train. However, the applicant must achieve a 90%
 reduction in HAP emissions from the entire process  unit.  However, a 90% reduction of
 each component would not  be required provided the aggregate overall reductions
 achieves 90%.
       Under paragraph (4) and (5), a "source" may defined as any group of sources
 identified under paragraph (3) of the source definition or any  group of emission points
 provided that the aggregation  of sources or emission points represents a  significant
 reduction of the plant total emissions.  In other words, a source may be defined in any
 manner as long  as the reductions meet the significance criterion.  EPA has determined
 that for the purposes of the Early Reductions program a significant reduction  in
 emissions of hazardous air pollutants is a 90% reduction from base year emissions per
 year of at least 10 tons or a  90% reduction from base year emissions of at least 5 tons
for plants that emitted 25 tons or less of hazardous air pollutants during the base year.
These examples of the definition of source are meant to be illustrative of the types  of
groupings that may reasonably fall within the proposed definition of source for
                                     2-11                          07/29/91

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Degreasing
Degreasing
 Painting
   line
         Coated
         parts
  Painting
    line
                            Off
                            Specification
               Paint
             Stripping
         Enclosed building
  Figure 2-5.  Metal Coating Operation
                   2-12
                       07/29/91

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Tank farm
Process unit X
            O
          oo
 Transfer/loading
      Wastewater
      Treatment
        Tank
                 Wastewater
                 Treatment
            Tank farm  C
         Transfer/loading
                          Process unit Y
                                Tank
                                            Process unit YY
                            ©
                          Tank farm
              OOO    D
              Figure 2-6. Chemical Plant Schematic
                       Process Train
                            2-13
                             07/29/91

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 purposes of the early reductions program.  Obviously, each individual plant will be
 configured differently and it is impossible to contemplate all the combinations that may
 be unique to a particular contiguous facility. However, because EPA has not yet
 defined "source" for purposes of establishing  112(d) standards, the test for the
 definition of source under the early reductions program must be whether the
 application includes identifiable "sources" as that term is defined under the Clean Air
 Act.
       The proposed definition provides the maximum benefit to an applicant who is
 capable of making reductions in various parts of its plant, and is trying to make
 reductions without actual knowledge as to how EPA will define various components of
the plant as "sources" for purposes of particular 112(d) standards.  Each  source
identified would receive extensions from the 112(d) standards applicable to it.  If a
plant owner or operator chose to reduce plantwide emissions by 90 percent, the plant
would  receive an extension on all 112(d) standards applicable to it.

Question and Answer
       If an owner or operator has defined a source (e.g.,  including all the
       emission points from production of chemical X), can any of the same
       emission points be included in another demonstration of early reduction
      from some other defined source within the facility?
             No.  If a facility has shutdown a portion of its operation or
             recently applied good control (i.e., greater than 90 percent)
             on an emission point, that emission point can not be
             repeatedly averaged in with other groups of emission points
             to demonstrate early reduction.
                                                                    •
      Can sources include emission points that have been eliminated due to
      shutdown of a certain unit or portions of a contiguous facility?

            Yes.  If the emission point was operating in the base year
            chosen and will continue to remain unoperational
            throughout the six-year extension period, the reduction may
            be included in the demonstration  of early reduction. This
            requirement will be included as an operating condition in

                                     2-14                         07/29/91

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       the issued permit.  In addition, reduced operating hours
       can be a valid means of reducing emissions, if made a
       permit condition.  However, if the shutdown unit is replaced
       by equipment elsewhere in the contiguous facility or
       production hours are increased elsewhere at the facility to
       compensate for the reduced operating hours of the defined
       source, the HAP emissions from these emission points are
       considered part of the source and must be included in  the
       demonstration. Additionally, if the owner or operator wishes
       to restart the shutdown portion of the facility or increase
       operating hours during the extension period, the owner or
       operator must maintain the 90 (95) percent reduction of
       HAPs at the source and would have to make compensating
       reductions in HAP emissions to offset any HAP emissions
       from  the restarted unit or increased operation.  This may
       require that the source definition be expanded.

 Can a source be defined so that it contains a building, structure, facility or
 installation identified as a source by EPA in Appendix B  along  with other
 emission points?

       /es.  For example, the owner or operator of a chemical
       manufacturing facility could define his source as the entire
       facility, including equipment leak emissions which are
       identified as a source in Appendix B.  Similarly, the
       equipment leak emissions for a single process unit could be
       included in a source defined as the process unit.  If any
       equipment leak emission point (i.e., pumps, valves, etc.) is
       included in the source definition, then all equipment leak
       emission points, as identified by EPA in Appendix B, must
       be included in the source definition.   When the source is
       defined as all emissions points within a process unit, the
       owner/operator has the option of including or excluding
       equipment leak emissions in the source definition.

If a contiguous facility leases a portion of the facility to another operator, can
the host facility take credit for emission reductions which  occur in the leased
portion of the facility?

      A/o. 777e host facility is not responsible for emissions from
      the leased portion and may not take credit for any emission
      reduction  achieved by the leased portion.  The leased
      portion is not included as part of the contiguous facility
      because it is not under "common control." The operator of


                               2-15                           07/29/91

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             the leased portion must apply separately for an extension
             under the early reduction program.

       If a portion of a contiguous facility is owned jointly between the owner/operator
       of the entire facility and another entity (i.e., a joint venture), can the host facility
       take credit for HAP reductions in the jointly owned portion of the facility?

             Only if the host facility has control of emissions. If the host
             facility does not have complete control over emissions, then
             the portion of the facility under joint ownership must apply
             separately for an extension.

       When is a single emission point a source for purposes of the Early Reduction
       Program?

             A single emission point is a source if it is a building,
             structure, facility, or installation; or if it emits more than
             10 TPY of HAP  (5 TPY of HAP at a facility than emits less
             than 25 TPY of  HAP.
 §63.74 DEMONSTRATION OF EARLY REDUCTION

       This section of the regulation establishes the criteria for demonstrating early

 reductions in HAP emissions. Demonstration of early reduction is the responsibility of

 the owner or operator of the facility.  In  summary, the owner or operator must provide

 four sets of information in order to demonstrate early reduction.  These are:


       •     Source identifying information,

       •     Base year emissions,

       •     Post-reduction emissions, and

       •     Calculations to show that a 90 (95) percent reduction in HAP emissions
             has been achieved.


The specific information requirements for demonstration of early reduction are itemized

in Table 2-1.  Most of the  information requirements are straightforward and require no

further discussion.  Rather than discuss  each  requirement, the following discussion

focuses on several key requirements.


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      TABLE 2-1. INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS FOR DEMONSTRATION
                            OF EARLY REDUCTION
Source Identifying Information:
      (1)   A description of the source including a site plan of the entire contiguous
            facility under common control which contains the source, and markings
            on the site plan locating the parts of the site that constitute the source;
      (2)   The activity at the source which causes hazardous air pollutant
            emissions;
      (3)   A complete list of all emission points of hazardous air pollutants in the
            source, including identification numbers and short descriptive titles; and
      (4)   A statement showing that the source conforms to one of the allowable
            definition options from §63.73. If the source conforms to the option in
            §63.73(d), the total base year emissions from the source, as determined
            pursuant to this section, shall be at least:
                  (i)    5 tons per year, for cases in which total hazardous air
                        pollutant emissions from the entire contiguous facility under
                        common control are 25 tons per year or less as calculated
                        under paragraph (1) of this section, or
                  (ii)    10 tons per year in all other cases.


Base Year Emissions:
      (1)    The base year chosen, where the base year shall be 1987 or later,
            except that the base year may be 1985 or 1986 if the owner or operator
            of the source can  demonstrate that emission data for the source for 1985
            or 1986 was submitted to the Administrator pursuant to an information
            request issued under section 114 of the Act and was received by the
            Administrator prior to November 15, 1990;
      (2)    The best available data on an annual basis of actual emissions during the
            chosen base year for each hazardous air pollutant emitted  from each
            emission point or group of emission points listed in the source;
      (3)    The total base year emissions from the source of all hazardous air
            pollutants calculated by summing the data from individual emission
            points;
      (4)    The total base year emissions from the source adjusted for high-risk
            pollutants calculated by multiplying the base year emissions of each
            chemical by the appropriate weighting factor from Table 2-2 and
            summing the result;
      (5)    The supporting basis for each emission number for each emission
            point(s), including;
                                    2-17                         07/29/91

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      TABLE 2-1.  INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS FOR DEMONSTRATION
                         OF EARLY REDUCTION(cont'd)
                   (i)    For test results submitted as the supporting basis, a
                         description of the test protocol followed, any problems
                         encountered during the. testing, and a discussion  of the
                         validity of the method for measuring the subject emissions;
                         and
                   (ii)    For calculations based on emission factors,  material
                         balance,  or engineering principles and submitted as the
                         supporting basis,  a step-by-step description of the
                         calculations, including assumptions used, and a brief
                         rationale  for the validity of the calculation method  used;
      (6)    Evidence that the emissions from individual sources are not artificially or
             substantially greater than emissions in other  years prior to
             implementation of emission reduction measures;

Post-Reduction Emissions:
      (1)    For each emission point or defined group of emission points listed in the
             source, a description of all  control measures employed to achieve the
             required emission reduction;
      (2)    The best available data on an annual basis of actual emissions  and
             following employment of reduction measures of all hazardous air
             pollutants and each emission point(s) in the source;
      (3)    The total post-reduction emissions of all hazardous air pollutants from the
             source calculated by summing the individual  emission data;
      (4)    The total post-control emissions adjusted for high-risk pollutants
             calculated by multiplying the post-reduction emissions for each  pollutant
             by the appropriate weighting factor and summing the results;
      (5)    The supporting basis for each emission number, including;
                   (i)     For test results submitted as the supporting basis, a
                         description of the test protocol followed,  any problems
                         encountered during the testing,  and a discussion of the
                         validity of the method for measuring the subject emissions;
                         and
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TABLE 2-1.  INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS FOR DEMONSTRATION
                OF EARLY REDUCTION (concluded)
            (ii)    For calculations based on emission factors, material
                  balance, or engineering principles and. submitted as the
                  supporting basis, a step-by-step description of the
                  calculations, including assumptions used, and a brief
                  rationale for the validity of the calculation method used;
(6)    Evidence that all emission reduction was achieved prior to proposal of an
      applicable standard issued under section 112(d) of the Act; or prior to
      January 1, 1994 for sources subject to enforceable commitments;
(7)    Evidence that none of the emission reduction achieved was due to lower
      production rates or fewer hours of operation compared to the base year,
      unless such lower rates or hours are shown to be permanent and no
      compensating increases in rates or hours occur at other facilities within
      the contiguous area under common control which contains the source
      or, if they occur, do not result in emissions of hazardous air  pollutants;
      and
(8)    Evidence that emission reductions  achieved due to the shutdown of
      equipment within the source are permanent. If shutdown equipment is
      replaced by new equipment, or will be replaced by new equipment prior
      to the expiration of any compliance extension granted to the  source, the
      HAP emissions from the new equipment or as applicable, the projected
      HAP emissions shall be counted in the  post-control emissions for the
      source.
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       One of the key requirements is evidence that the source conforms to one of the
 allowable source definition options under §63.73. Considerable discussion is provided
 in the previous section on allowable groupings of emission sources. The key here is
 for the owner or operator to identify the source definition option selected under §63.73
 (e.g., paragraph (3)) and provide adequate information to justify the selection.
       Another requirement is specification of the base year selected. The  regulation
 requires that the base year must be 1987 or later, with one exception.  If the owner or
 operator can  provide evidence that data for the source as defined were submitted to
 the Administrator for 1985 or 1986 prior to November  15, 1990 pursuant to a section
 114 request, that data also may be used to determine base year emissions. In this
 case, a copy  of the section 114 request and a copy of the information provided in
 response to the request would be sufficient evidence.
       The owner or operator must also provide evidence that the base year emissions
 were not unusually high.  Here, the owner or operator of the source needs  to compile
 and present information that clearly indicates the base year chosen is not unusual with
 respect to emissions.  In cases where annual emissions are primarily a function of
 production rate, production rates for the year preceding the  base year and following
 the base year could provide an adequate demonstration that the base year is
 representative (not  unusually high).  In other situations, emissions may be more
 dependent on the hours of operation or the quantity of a particular material  processed.
The source  owner or operator must take the initiative in identifying a reasonable
 parameter for  demonstrating  that emissions in the base year were not unusually high.
      In addition to reducing total HAP emissions by 90 (95) percent, there are some
restrictions regarding high-risk pollutants.  A total of thirty-five (35) high-risk pollutants
are identified in the  early reduction regulations and EPA has devised a weighting
procedure to limit the use of offsetting reductions where emissions of any high-risk
                                     2-20                          07/29/91

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 pollutant(s) are not reduced by 90 (95) percent.  The list of high-risk pollutants and
 their respective weighting factors are presented in Table 2-2. The list currently
 includes 35 pollutants, 26 of which are carcinogens or potential carcinogens and 9 of
 which are not carcinogens but cause other toxic effects. The weighting factors for the
 carcinogens on this list were based on estimated carcinogenic potency of the
 substances.  Noncarcinogens on this Hst were subjectively assigned a value of 10.
 There is no quantitative means of comparing carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic health
 affects at this time.  The list and the respective weighting factors are subject to change
 as new information becomes available. Any changes will be published in the Federal
 Register. As  noted in Table 2-2, all HAP not included in the list are assigned a
 weighting factor of one.
       When high-risk pollutants are emitted from the source, the owner or operator
 must demonstrate a 90 (95) percent reduction in base year emissions adjusted for
 high-risk pollutants.  The applicant may use the weighting factors according to the
 following equation to make this demonstration:
                                   MCjFj
       0/ 0 ,
       % Reduction  =   — -   X 100
                             I  MjFj

             where:
             MJ =  mass of base year emissions of pollutant i
           MCj  =  mass of post-reduction emissions of pollutant i
             Fj  = weighting factor for pollutant i
       This weighting procedure is a direct response to the mandate in section
112(i)(5)(E) of the Act which specifies that the Administrator shall limit the use of
offsetting reductions in emissions  for high-risk pollutants.  Originally, EPA considered
requiring 90 (95) percent reduction of each individual high-risk pollutant.  Many of the
high-risk pollutants, however, are  emitted in very small, trace amounts. Reduction of
these emissions by 90 (95) percent can be extremely difficult or even technically
infeasible.  Strict adherence to this requirement would prevent participation for many
                                      2-21                           07/29/91

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TABLE 2-2.  WEIGHTING FACTORS FOR HIGH-RISK POLLUTANTS
    Pollutant
CAS Number
Weighting Factor*
Carcinogens
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
Benzidene
Bis(chloromethyl)ether
Asbestos
Chromium Compounds
Hydrazine
Arsenic Compounds (inorganic including
arsine)
Chloromethyl Methyl Ether
Cadmium Compounds
Heptachlor
Beryllium Compounds
Acrylamide
Coke Oven Emissions
Hexachlorobenzene
Chlordane
Dichloroethyl ether (Bis(2-chloroethyl)
ether)
1 ,3-Butadiene
Benzotrichloride
Ethylene Dibromide (Dibromoethane)
Ethylene oxide
Vinyl chloride
Acrylonitrile
1 ,1 ,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Vinylidene chloride (1,1-Dichloroethylene)
Benzene
1 ,2-Propylenimme (2-Methyl aziridine)

1746016


1332214

302012




76448

79061


57749

111444
106990
98077
106934

75014
107131
79345
75354
71432
75558

100,000
1,000
1,000
100
100
100

100
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10

10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
                         2-22
                    07/29/91

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 TABLE 2-2.  WEIGHTING FACTORS FOR HIGH-RISK POLLUTANTS (Continued)
            Pollutant                    CAS Number         Weighting Factor
Noncarcinogens

 2,4-Toluene diisocyanate                 584849                    10
 Acrolein                               107028                    10
 Acrylic acid                            79107                     10
 Chloroprene                           126998                    10
 Dibenzofurans                          132649                    10
 Mercury Compounds                                              10
 Methyl isocyanate                       624839                    10
 Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI)      101688                    10
 Phosgene                             75445                     10


*HAP not on the high risk list have a weighting factor of 1
                                  2-23                        07/29/91

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 potential applicants.  EPA determined that this was not consistent with encouraging
 participation in the early reduction program and devised the weighting procedure,
 which does not force reduction of any specific high-risk pollutants.  Yet, because the
 weighting factors magnify the importance of high-risk pollutant emissions, significant
 (non-trace) emissions must be reduced in order to achieve "weighted" 90 (95) percent
 reduction.
       If a  source emits only gaseous or only paniculate pollutants,  the calculation of
 reductions achieved is straightforward.  However, a source emitting a combination of
 gases and particulates has the option of separately demonstrating 90 and 95 percent
 reductions, respectively, or applying a weighted average percent reduction between 90
 and 95.  For example, if a source emits equal amounts of gaseous and particulate
 HAPs, then the weighted percent reduction is halfway between 90 and 95, or 92.5
 percent.   If the owner or operator chooses to apply a weighted average percent
 reduction, the percent reduction required for total HAP shall be calculated as follows:
       % W =      0.9 f£ Ma) + 0.95 r£ Mo) x  100
                         £ Mg +  X Mp
       where:      % W = the required percent  reduction
                    Mg = the base year mass rate (e.g. kg/yr) of each
                         gaseous HAP
                    Mp = the base year mass rate (e.g. kg/yr) of each
                         particulate HAP

       A weighted average percent reduction may also be applied to the reduction
demonstration required for high-risk pollutants. If the applicant chooses to use the
weighted percent method for gases and particulates, the percent emissions reduction
required for HAP emissions adjusted for high-risk pollutants shall be calculated by the
following equation:
                0-9 (I Mg.Fj) + 0.95 (I MpjFj)
      %W  =   -   X 100
                                 MpiFi
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       where %W  = the required weighted percent reduction
          Mg. = the base year mass rate (e.g., kg/yr) of each gaseous HAP
           Mp. =  the base year mass rate of each particulate HAP
             FJ = weighting factor for each HAP
       The demonstrations of total HAP reduction and HAP reduction adjusted for
 high-risk pollutants must be calculated separately.  In the case where the owner or
 operator chooses to use a weighted percent reduction for gases and particulates, the
 total HAP reduction may have a different percent reduction requirement than the HAP
 reduction adjusted for high-risk pollutants. If the high-risk pollutants are gaseous, the
 percent reduction  adjusted for high-risk pollutants will be lower than the total HAP
 percent reduction  requirement. If the high-risk pollutants are particulates, the greater
 weight will be given to the particulate or 95 percent requirement and, therefore, the
 required percent reduction adjusted for high-risk pollutants will be higher than the total
 HAP reduction requirement.
       In general source testing is required as the supporting basis for base year and
 post-reduction emissions.  In order of preference, the source testing options are: an
 EPA Reference Method (40 CFR 60 Appendix A and 40 CFR 61 Appendix B), an EPA
 conditional method, or a test method validated by Method 301.  Method 301, "The
 Field Validation of  Emission Concentrations from Stationary Sources", is included in
 Appendix A to 40 CFR Part 63.  A list of validated methods may be obtained from the
 Emission Measurement Technical Information Center (MD-19), U.S. Environmental
 Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina  27711.
      Calculations based on engineering principles, emission factors, or material
                     •
balance may  be acceptable if the applicant demonstrates to the satisfaction  of the
permitting authority that:
      (1)     no source test method exists;
      (2)     it is not technologically or economically feasible to perform source tests;
      (3)     it can be demonstrated that the accuracy of a calculated estimate is
            comparable to source testing;
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       (4)    the base year conditions no longer exists, and emission data cannot be
             produced by performing source tests under current conditions and
             converting test results to reflect base year conditions more accurately
             than a calculation procedure; or
       (5)    emissions from one or a set of points are insignificantly small
             compared to total source emissions.

       The first situation should be straightforward; either there is, or there is not, a
 source test method.  It is possible that an owner or operator would be unaware of an
 existing method. Application reviewers would need to have a reference listing of
 available methods.  In other instances, even if a test method exists, testing may not
 be the most appropriate method for determining the emissions from an emission point.
 For example, if process emissions vary considerably, limited testing may not
 accurately reflect the true annual emissions. The situations outlined in statements (2)
 through (5) above are not straightforward and may be considered in combination with
 one another.  For example, the significance of an emission point may contribute to the
 determination of what is technologically or economically feasible or whether the
 calculated value is comparable to testing.   To apply these reasons to a particular
 source, the owner or operator and reviewer need to use  a common sense approach
 along with a knowledge of the emission point to determine if a calculation procedure is
 appropriate for establishing emissions.
      In general, the owner or operator or reviewer should consider how much
 uncertainty would be introduced through the calculation procedure versus source
 testing.  In some cases, the reviewer may be able to quantify the relative uncertainty.
 In other situations  it may only be possible to make a qualitative judgement of the
 accuracy.  If the uncertainty in emissions  is insignificant when compared to the total
 emissions from the facility or when compared to the uncertainty from source tests,
then a calculation procedure is acceptable. For example, a source has defined three
emission points. Total emissions from two of the three emission points are established
by source testing to be 100 ton/year.  The third emission point  by reasonable
calculation emits about 1/2 ton/year. Testing for this emission point is not necessary.

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 Even if the calculations significantly underestimated the emissions, the resulting
 emissions would not significantly affect the total emissions.
       The applicant and the reviewer should not lose site of the overall goal of the
 reductions demonstration which is to determine whether or not the source has made
 the necessary 90 (95)  percent reduction in emissions of HAP.  The major emission
 points within the source are the critical data points. The most accurate means of
 establishing emissions should be used for these emissions.  The most accurate means
 may or may not be testing.  Smaller, insignificant emissions should be established
 using reasonable but not necessarily the most accurate procedures.  Test methods
 that are unusually expensive or that require equipment to be dismantled or production
 halted should not be imposed on emission points that contribute insignificantly to the
 overall emissions.
      The applicant is responsible for providing sufficient data to the reviewer to
 determine if calculations are acceptable in lieu of testing.  If the reviewer needs
 additional technical  assistance,  support is available through the Office of Air Quality
 Planning and Standards early reductions team.  To assist owners and operators in
 establishing emissions  for their source, EPA will publish procedures for establishing
 emissions that would be considered acceptable for the  source categories  subject to
 112(d) standards. The documents will indicate the appropriate EPA reference method
 or conditional  method that should be used for source testing emission points from the
 subject  source, but  the primary  focus of these documents is accepted techniques for
 establishing emissions when source testing is not performed.  These documents do
 not preclude a source owner or operator from establishing emissions using other
 techniques that are  appropriately documented, but source owners and operators are
 encouraged to use the  techniques prescribed in these documents.  A notice
 announcing the availability of a procedures document for the first group of source
categories (those for which standards will be proposed  in the 1991-1993 time frame)
will  be published in the  Federal Register soon after proposal of the regulations
governing compliance extensions. A copy may be obtained from the EPA Library
(MD-35), Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, Telephone (919)541-2777. Refer to
                                     2-27                          07/29/91

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 "Procedures for Establishing Emissions for Early Reduction Compliance Extensions"
 (EPA-450/3-91-012a).
        If the source owner or operator uses calculation techniques other than those
 prescribed in one of the EPA documents, the burden is on the owner or operator to
 convince the permitting authority that the techniques used are sound and the best
 available means for establishing emissions.
       The early reduction regulation prohibits the use of EPA average emission
 factors for estimating base year equipment leak emissions. Use of these factors may
 produce significant overestimates of base year emissions in many cases.  However,
 source owners or operators could establish base year estimates for equipment leaks
 specific to their sources consistent with other equipment leak emission estimating
 protocols already established by EPA in the document entitled "Protocols for
 Generating Unit-Specific Emission Estimates for Equipment Leaks of VOC and
 VHAP,"EPA-450/3-88-010, October, 1988. These protocols allow the use of "leak/no
 leak" factors or "stratified" emission factors, which better approximate an individual
 source's actual emissions, as well as actual bagging data to establish source-specific
 emission factors. The source must have screening data on each component
 proposed to be covered within the source definition, with the exception of flanges and
 other connectors (a special formula is used to determine the appropriate number of
 these), to which the appropriate emission factors are applied to determine total
 equipment leak emissions. Also, a source owner or operator  may propose an
 alternative estimating method to  account for equipment leak emissions from the
 source.  Such methods would be reviewed and approved or denied on a case-by-case
 basis.
       Emissions reported for base year and post-reduction conditions may not
 exceed allowable emission levels specified in any applicable law, regulation, or permit
 condition.  Sources with base year emissions that exceeded allowable emission  levels
 may still participate in the early reduction program, but the base year emissions  used
to demonstrate 90  (95) percent reduction must be within the allowable level and not
based  on the actual emission level.
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       To demonstrate a 90 percent (95 percent for participate emissions) HAP
 emission reduction, source owners and operators may take credit for emission
 reductions achieved for any reason. The early reduction provisions in the Act and in
 the proposed rule do not distinguish between reductions achieved voluntarily and
 those that result from other regulatory requirements, including emission standards
 promulgated under section 112 prior to the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990.
 Therefore, HAP emission reductions required by State, local, and even Federal
 regulations qualify toward the early reduction goal, if the reduction was achieved after
 the base year.  This includes reductions under the recent Benzene NESHAP.  To the
 extent justified, air emission reductions achieved under the 33/50 Program (Industrial
 Toxics Project) should also be credited toward the early reduction program.  The
 overlap between this program and the early reduction program is discussed fully in
 section 4 of this document. Emission reductions resulting from shutdown or
 curtailment of production can also be included, provided that they are "permanent",
 i.e., for the duration of the 6-year 112(d) standard exemption period.  A unit  that  starts
 up during the 112(d) standard exemption period to replace production lost through
 shutdown or curtailment (where the emission  reduction was used in the early reduction
 demonstration) must be included in the post-reduction emissions.  For example,  if the
 owner or operator of a source that includes a butadiene unit, shuts the unit down but
 builds a new one  on the other side of the plant three years into the 112(d) standard
exemption period, the new unit must be included in the post-reduction emissions
determination, because it has replaced the production of the old unit.

Question and Answer

      If a facility has an approved permit under the early reduction program  and,
      because of new information, one of the pollutants emitted by the facility is now
      listed as a high-risk pollutant such that the facility would no longer qualify for the
      early reduction program, what happens to the existing permit?
            As previously mentioned, permits approved under the early
            reduction program are valid for a six-year period. Neither

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        the EPA Region nor the State will revoke an approved
        permit on this basis.  However, the source is responsible for
        meeting other State or Federal regulations that may affect
        emissions from the source.

 What is baseline if the source is constructed and begins operation just prior to
 proposal of a  112(d) standard?

        The  early reduction program was not intended for sources
        that  are built just prior to proposal of an applicable 112(d)
        standard and in most cases it  will not be possible for such
        sources to participate. First, the regulations require that
        actual and verifiable base year emissions be established.
        This means  that a representative operating history is
       required prior to proposal of 112(d) standard.  Additionally,
       most states require a reasonably high  level of control  for
       HAP emissions from new sources as part new source
       permitting.  Although possible,  it will be difficult to achieve
       90 (95)  percent reduction above the level of control
       required.

 Are emission reductions due to enforcement  actions creditable?

       Yes,  if base year emissions for  the defined source are in
       compliance  with all State, Local and Federal Regulations.
       For example, air emissions from a facility may be  in
       compliance  with all regulations.  However, if the wastewater
       treatment unit is in violation of the Clean Water Act, an
       enforcement action may require reduction of wastewater
       concentrations of a pollutant as well as reduction  of air
       emissions of that pollutant.  These reductions in air
       emissions would be creditable  for the early reduction
       program.

Can HAP emission  reductions resulting from criteria pollutant (i.e., VOC, PM)
offsets be credited toward early reductions in HAP?

       Xes.  As long as the reduction in HAP emissions occurred
       after the base year chosen and the base year emissions are
       within all regulatory requirements in the base year.

Can reductions in HAP emissions resulting from participation  in the 33/50
Industrial Toxics Program be  credited  toward  early reductions in HAP?
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       Ves. The reductions in HAP emissions are creditable under
       the Earlier Reduction Program.  However, the Early
       Reduction Program requires different supporting data for
       base year and post-reduction emissions data. In the 33/50
       program, the owner or operator must establish base year
       emissions and post-reduction emissions in accordance with
       the early reduction regulations.

 Must the same base year be used for all emission points within a source?

       Xes, but test data can be used for differing years. If test
       data for various emission points within the source are
       available from different years, the applicant must show that
       they also are appropriate for the base year, or make
       adjustments to the data (such as for production rate
       differences  between the test year and the base year)  so that
       it represents base year conditions.

 Are Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) submissions acceptable as base year
 emissions?

       In general, TRI data alone are not sufficient to support base
       year emissions. The early reduction regulation requires
       more rigorous support for emissions data than is required
       by TRIS.  If the data submitted to TRIS has supporting data
       that meets all the requirements of the early  reduction
       program,  then it is acceptable.  TRIS data will not be
       accepted for the early reduction program simply because it
       was reported to TRIS.

 Do all  emissions within permit levels qualify as not artificially  or substantially
 higher emissions?

       No.  The source owner/operator must provide actual  data
       demonstrating that the base year emissions were not
       artificially high.

Should accidental releases be included in base year and post-reduction
emission or only routine emissions?

       The intent of the early reduction program is to reduce
      routine HAP emissions from sources. The definition of
      actual emissions states that it "does not include excess
      emissions from a malfunction".  Base year and post-


                               2-31                            07/29/91

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             reduction emissions which include "abnormally high
             emissions such as could be caused by equipment
             malfunctions, accidents,..." are considered artificially or
             substantially greater emissions and are not acceptable for
             the early reduction program.  There are some situations
             where standards have been written for what may be
             considered accidental releases.  If malfunctions are
             preventable, it may be possible to consider them not
             accidental.  The State and EPA will work with facilities on a
             case-by-case basis if there is some question as to whether
             a particular emission is considered accidental or routine.
             The facility must keep in mind that if an emission is
             considered routine it must be in compliance with all
             applicable  regulations to be acceptable as a base year
             emission.
§63.75 ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENTS

       This section of the regulation contains special provisions for sources that will be

affected by early 112(d) standards. Anticipated proposal dates for these early

standards are presented in Table 2-3.  Since standards may be proposed for some

sources in the fall of 1991, facilities affected by these standards may not have enough

time to achieve reductions before proposal.  If the source can achieve the reductions

prior to proposal of a 112(d) standard, it may do so and submit a permit application

when part 71 Federal regulations have been promulgated  or the Title V program for

their State is in place, whichever occurs first.  If it can not  achieve reductions  prior to

proposal, this section establishes a set-of procedures by which these sources can

participate in the early reduction program.  The  sources may  participate by:
      (1)    entering into an enforceable commitment before proposal of an
             applicable 112(d) standard; and

      (2)    achieving the reduction prior to January 1, 1994.
                                      2-32                          07/29/91

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    TABLE 2-3. ANTICIPATED PROPOSAL DATES FOR EARLY STANDARDS
          Source
 Anticipated
 Proposal Date
Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing
  Industry

Dry Cleaners Using Perchloroethylene
  and 1,1,1 -trichloroethane

Commercial Sterilizers

Chromium Electroplating and Chromic
  Acid Anodizing

Industrial Cooling Towers

Halogenated Solvent Cleaners

Gasoline Marketing
November 1991


November 1991


March 1992

February 1992


June 1992

September 1992

April 1993
                                  2-33
           07/29/91

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       If the State has an approved permitting program under title V, the applicant
 submits the enforceable commitment to the State and sends a copy to the EPA
 Regional Office; The Office of General Counsel (OGC) (LE-132A), 401 M.  Street, S.W.,
 Washington, DC 20460, and the EPA Emissions Standards Division (ESD) (MD-13),
 RTP, NC 27711; attention The Early Reductions Officer. Addresses for the Regional
 Offices are  provided in Table 2-4.  If the State does not have an approved program,
 the applicant submits the enforceable commitment to the EPA Regional Office and
 sends a copy to the State, OGC and ESD. This will ensure that all involved parties are
 aware of plans companies have for early reductions and will facilitate review of base
 year emissions in enforceable commitments.
       The information that is required in the enforceable commitment is similar to that
 required for a permit application. In summary, the enforceable commitment consists
 of four components:
       •     Source identifying information,
       •     Base year emissions,
       •     General plan for achieving the required reductions,  and
       •     A statement of commitment.
 A list of the  specific requirements for enforceable commitments is provided in
 Table 2-5. The source identifying information and base year emission  requirements
 are identical to the requirements for demonstration of early reduction.
    The plan for achieving reductions may be general (i.e.,  not specify the type control
 on each emission point), but should demonstrate that the source has seriously
 considered the types of control that may be required to control the source by
 90 (95) percent.  In order to  make an enforceable commitment, a company would
 need to have determined with at least some degree of accuracy that the planned
 emission reduction is achievable.
      The commitment must be signed by the owner, operator or responsible party at
the source.  The wording of the statement should follow closely the statement
presented in the regulation under §63.75 which reads:

                                     2-34                         07/29/91

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                TABLE 2-4.  EPA REGIONAL OFFICE ADDRESSES
       Enforceable commitments must be submitted to the appropriate EPA Regional
 Office at the following address:

       Director, Air, Pesticides, and Toxics Management Division, EPA Region I (AAA),
 John F. Kennedy Federal Building,  Boston, MA 02203

       Director, Air and Waste Management Division, EPA Region II, Jacob K. Javits
 Federal Plaza, New York, NY 10278

       Director, Air Toxics and Radiation Management Division, EPA Region III, 841
 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107

       Director, Air Management Division,  EPA Region 4, 345 Courtland Street  N E
 Atlanta, GA 30365                                                     '    "


       Director, Air and Radiation Division, EPA Region 5, 230 South Dearborn Street
 Chicago, IL 60604


       Director, Air, Pesticides and Toxics  Division, EPA Region 6, 1445 Ross Avenue
 12th Floor, Suite 1200, Dallas, TX 75202

       Director, Air; and Toxics Division, EPA Region ;7, 726 Minnesota Avenue
 Kansas City, Ks 66101

       Director, Air ;and Toxics  Division, EPA Region 8, 999 18th Street, Suite 500
 Denver, CO 80202-2405

       Director, Air and Toxics Division, EPA Region 9, 1235 Mission Street San
 Francisco, CA 94103


       Director, Air and Toxics Division, EPA Region 10, 1200 Sixth Avenue, Seattle
WA 98101
                                    2-35                          07/29/91

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       TABLE 2-5. COMPONENTS OF AN ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENT
Source Identifying Information:
      (1)   The name and address of the source.
      (2)   The name and telephone number of the source owner or operator or
            other responsible official who can be contacted concerning the
            commitment;
      (3)   An alternative mailing address if correspondence is to be directed to a
            location other than that given in item (1);

Base Year Emissions:
      (1)   The base year chosen, where the base year shall be 1987 or later except
            that the base year may be 1985 or 1986 if the owner or operator of the
            source can demonstrate that emission data for the source for 1985 or
            1986 was submitted to the Administrator pursuant to an information
            request issued under section 114 of the Act and was received by the
            Administrator prior to November 15, 1990;
      (2)    The best available data on an annual basis of actual emissions during the
            chosen base year for each hazardous air pollutant emitted from each
            emission point or group of emission points listed in the source;
      (3)    The total base year emissions from the source of all hazardous air
            pollutants calculated by summing the data from individual emission
            points;
      (4)    The total base year emissions from the source adjusted for high-risk
            pollutants calculated by multiplying the base year emissions of each
            chemical by the appropriate weighting factor from Table 2-2 and
            summing the result;

     (5)    The supporting basis for each emission number for each emission
            point(s), including;
            (i)     For test results submitted as the supporting basis, a description of
                  the test protocol followed, any  problems encountered during the
                  testing, and a discussion  of the validity of the method for
                  measuring the subject emissions; and
            (ii)     For calculations based  on emission factors, material balance, or
                  engineering principles and submitted as the supporting basis', a
                  step-by-step description of the  calculations, including assumptions
                  used, and a brief rationale for the validity of the calculation method
                  used;
     (7)    Evidence that the emissions from individual sources are not artificially or
           substantially greater than emissions in other years prior to
           implementation of emission reduction measures;
                                    2-36                          07/29/91

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   TABLE 2-5. COMPONENTS OF AN ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENT(confd)


General Control Plan:
      (1)    The general plan, for achieving the required hazardous air pollutant
            emissions reductions at the source including descriptions of emission
            control equipment to be employed, process changes or modifications to
            be made, and any other emission reduction measures to be used; and

Statement of Commitment:
      (1)    A statement of commitment, signed by a responsible official of the
            source, containing the following:
                  (i)     A statement providing the post-reduction emission level for
                        total hazardous air pollutant emissions, total hazardous air
                        pollutant emissions, adjusted for high-risk pollutants, as
                        applicable, from the source on an annual basis which
                        reflects a 90 percent (95 percent for paniculate pollutants)
                        reduction from base year emissions;
                  (ii)     A statement certifying that the base year emission data
                        submitted as part of the enforceable commitment constitute
                        the best available data for base year emissions from the
                        source and are correct to the  best of the responsible
                        official's knowledge;
                  (iii)  A statement that it is understood by the source owner or
                       operator that submission of base  year emissions constitutes
                       a response to an EPA request under the authority of
                       section 114 of the Act and that the commitment is subject
                       to enforcement according to §63.80; and
                  (iv)   A statement committing the source owner or operator to
                       achieving the required emission levels  before January 1
                       1994.
                                   2-37                          07/29/91

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       "I certify to the best of my knowledge that the base year emissions given above
       are accurate and acknowledge that these emission numbers are being
       submitted in response to an EPA request under section 114 of the Act.
       Furthermore, I  commit to achieve before January 1, 1994 the stated post-
       reduction emission level(s) at the source, which will provide the 90 (95) percent
       reduction required to qualify for the compliance extension, and acknowledge
       that this commitment is enforceable as specified in Title 40 Part 63 Subpart D of
       the Code of Federal Regulations"
       The owner or operator of a source may rescind its commitment at any time
prior to December 1,  1993 without penalty. Any source that rescinds its commitment
must comply with the applicable standard issued under section 112 (d) of the Act by
the compliance date specified in such a standard.
       Sources found  submitting false information in their commitment for early
reduction shall be  subject to enforcement action under Section 113 of the Act or other
Federal statutes.  This is an important consideration for a company to weigh when
preparing the commitment.  All data and information submitted should be carefully
reviewed to verify its accuracy and veracity.  The EPA  may exercise its authority to
ensure the integrity of information contained in the commitments by conducting audits
of any  or all submittals.  The purpose of this activity is  to encourage sources to make
only serious commitments that can be backed up with acceptable emission data.
       Enforceable commitments  for several different sources within a contiguous
facility  may be aggregated into one submittal, provided that base year emissions and
post-reduction emission levels committed to are identified  separately for each source.
A single enforceable commitment submittal may not involve sources from more than
one contiguous facility.

       Question and Answer
       Is submittal of unacceptable base year emission data the only  basis for
       denying an enforceable commitment?
            No. But, the base year emission data are the primary basis
            for denial or acceptance.  In  addition to acceptable base
            year data, the enforceable commitment must satisfy all of
            the requirements listed under §63.75 of the regulation.  This

                                     2-38                          07/29/91

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             includes a signed commitment that satisfies the
             requirements and also a general control plan.  The base
             year emissions are the most critical data provided.  Hence,
             most denials will be based on some deficiency in
             establishing base year emissions.
       Under what circumstances will States handle enforceable commitments?
             If a State program is approved prior to December 1, 1993,
             the State would be the permitting authority and would
             handle any enforceable commitments.
       If 112(d) standard turns out to be less than 90 percent control, can the source
       rescind its  enforceable commitment?
            A source may rescind any enforceable commitment prior to
             December 1, 1993 for any reason without penalty.  After this
             date, the facility must comply with its commitment.
§63.76  REVIEW OF BASE YEAR EMISSIONS
      The proposed rule specifies review of base year emissions data for all
enforceable commitments and in the event a source requests review of its base year
emissions prior to submittal of a permit application.  The overall schedule for review of
base year emissions submitted as part of an enforceable commitment or as a request
for base year review is presented in Figure 2-7.  In addition, the schedule for review of
base year emissions relative to the submittal date is presented in Figure 2-8. This
schedule varies greatly depending on the completeness and approvability of the
submittal.  The top line of the figure represents the case in which the initial submittal
was  complete and approvable without any changes.  The bottom line represents the
situation in which the submittal was not complete, the revised submittal was not
approvable, public comments were received during an extended public comment
period and the applicant resubmitted the emissions within 90 days.  It does not
represent worst case because each event only required one revision but could
                                    2-39                         07/29/91

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   EPA Administers Program    Transition
States Administer Program
 IVJ
o
-Nl
CO
            EC (or ba..im.) R.v|.w.d
                                  Additional Baseline Reviews
           EC (.r ba..im.) sub.ni.ui>    Additional Baselines Submitted

Duration of Overall Program " 	 	 _
	
1991 If
Mid 1991
Industry
Consultations
Earliest E*C
J^
J92 199JJ\ 1994

1995 1996 1997 1998
12/1/93 1/1/94
Permit Reductions
Applications Achieved
Due (for EC (for EC sources)
Sources)
-~L— 	 •""" :
	 • 	 --c» *- *
1999 2000 2009

"
Nov. 1999 Nov. 2009
Proposal of Last
Las* 1 1 2(d) Compliance
Standard Extension
Expires
                                       EC: Enforceable Commitment


                          Figure 2-7. Early Reduction Program: Duration of Key Activities

-------
           UNCONTESTED REVIEW
Completeness
Review
	 	 	 	 1
Emission Estimate Review
•
                          n

E<
Subm

: SOD
lied

ays 60 D

ays 90 D

lys 1201

>ays ISO I

lays 1801

lays 2101

lays 240

Daya
ro
      EC

    Submitted
 30 Day*
10
(O

(O
                            REVIEW WITH ADVERSE COMMENT

Icomplsiensss 	 1
Review Corr *

1 	 Emission Estimate Adequacy
Initial Review Corr. *
; i
Subsequent
Review
"--»,
Public
Comment
Period
	 -—
             BO Day*
                        90 Day*
                                    120 Days
                                                ISO Day*
                                                            1 BO Days
                                                                        2^0 Days      240 Day*


                        Corrections period after comment* are received



Figure 2-8. Example Review Times for Enforceable Commitment (or Baseline) Review

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 represent reasonable worst case.  For review requests sent to the State, a copy of the
 request shall also be submitted to the Region. Prior to approval of the State permit
 program, review requests should be sent to the appropriate Regional Office and
 copies should  be sent to the applicable State agency, and the early reductions officers
 in OGC and ESD.  (See addresses §63.75)
       Within 30 days of receipt of an enforceable commitment or a request for review
 of base year emissions, the EPA Regional Office must notify the applicant whether the
 base year emissions data contained  in the submittal are complete or incomplete.  At
 this point in the review process, the determination is whether all information required
 for the base year emission submission has been supplied, not necessarily whether the
 information  is adequate for the purposes of the early reduction program. If the
 Regional Office accepts the submittal as complete, the information is entered into the
 Early Reduction Program Tracking System (ERPTRAX).  Based on the data entered
 into ERPTRAX, EPA Headquarters will publish a monthly list of all submittals nationally.
 If EPA determines the base year emissions data are incomplete, the deficiencies in the
 estimate will be provided to the owner or operator of the source, who must correct the
 deficiencies and resubmit the base year emissions data before further review can
 proceed.
       Within 60 days of a completeness determination, EPA must judge the adequacy
 of the enforceable commitment or emissions data submission  and give notice of that
 determination.  If EPA determines that the base year emissions are approvable, a
 notice providing the aggregate base year emissions will be published by advertisement
 in the area affected. The advertisement will explain that the emissions submitted for
 base year review or as part of an enforceable  commitment are being proposed for
 approval and note the availability of additional  nonconfidential information contained in
 the enforceable commitment for public inspection in at least one location in the
 community in which the source is located, and in the appropriate EPA Regional Office.
A 30 day public comment period will be provided, with an opportunity to extend it to
60 days and/or hold a public hearing upon request by an interested party.

                                     2-42                         07/29/91

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       A recent FEDERAL REGISTER notice regarding categories of data that qualify
 as "emissions data" and thus are not regarded as confidential has been published
 (56 FR 7042, February 21, 1991). Such data includes but is not limited to:
 identification of the facility and emission points, emission types (type of release point
 and specific pollutants), emission rates, release heights, descriptions of terrain and
 surrounding structures, stack or vent diameters at point of emission, release velocities,
 release temperatures, frequencies of releases, durations of releases, concentrations,
 densities of emission streams or average molecular weights, boiler or process design
 capacities, emission estimation methods,  percent space heat, and hourly maximum
 design rates. Additional data may be provided to the reviewing agency that is
 considered confidential and will not be available for public  comment and review.
       If EPA determines that the base year emissions are not approvable because the
 supporting data or calculations are incorrect or deficient in some  manner, the applicant
 will be notified of the decision and the reasons for the decision. The applicant must
 make the necessary corrections and resubmit the base year emissions data. There is
 no time limit for resubmittal of the base  year emissions data that were submitted for
 early review; however, it is assumed that applicant would resubmit as quickly as
 possible to allow adequate time after approval to implement the emission reduction
 plans.  Revised base year  data as part of an enforceable commitment,  however, must
 be resubmitted within 90 days or the enforceable commitment will be considered
 withdrawn.  The permitting agency will send a notice to this effect to the applicant.
 The source  must then comply on the same schedule as other sources to any
 applicable MACT standard. If the applicant chooses to resubmit corrected emissions
 data EPA will review the revised estimate within 30 days and, if approvable,  will publish
 a notice to that effect.
      If no adverse public comments are  received by the reviewing agency on the
 proposed base year emissions for a source, the data submission shall be considered
approved at the close of the public comment period.  The reviewing agency will send
notice of approval to the applicant and publish a similar notice by  advertisement in the
area affected.

                                     2-43                         07/29/91

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       In the event that adverse comments are received, the reviewing agency has the
 authority determine which, if any, public comments need to be addressed for the base
 year emissions to be approved. If the reviewing agency agrees that corrections are
 needed, it will notify the applicant of the disapproval and the reasons for the
 disapproval. An applicant may then correct disapproved base year emission data and
 submit the revised base year emission data or revised enforceable commitment.  The
 same time limitations for resubmittal of base year emissions data apply as described in
 the above paragraph.
       If the  reviewing agency is satisfied that the revised submission accounts for the
 adverse comments, it will send notice of approval to the applicant and publish the
 approval by  advertisement in the area affected.  The revised submission will not be
 open to  public comment.  If the applicant does not address all the comments, the
 agency shall return the submission with a list of  reasons for disapproval.  The same
 time limitations for resubmittal apply as described in the  above paragraph.
       The reviewing agency may determine that the adverse comments do not
 warrant changes.  If this is the case, the reviewing agency will send notice of approval
 to the applicant and publish the approval and  the reasons for not accepting the
 adverse comments by advertisement in the area affected.
       Once  base year emissions have been approved, EPA will honor the data and
 will not change criteria or approval arbitrarily.  However,  review of base year emissions
 does not provide an absolute shield against changes.  Discovery of incorrect or
 fraudulent information in the emission data or supporting materials even after its initial
 approval could potentially invalidate the base year data and require revision to it.   In
 the case of fraudulent information, EPA may bring an enforcement action  against the
 source owner or operator under section 113 of the Clean Air Act.  Such discrepancies
 could be discovered at any stage of the process, including during review of the permit
application.  Base year data should be carefully reviewed and approved by
knowledgeable company officials before submittal.
                                     2-44                         07/29/91

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 Question and Answer

 How do facilities appeal decisions made under this program?

       Since decisions under the early reduction program are not
       judicially reviewable, there is not formal appeals process for
       decisions regarding base year emissions data.  Appeals
       concerning demonstration of early reduction will be
       handled according to procedures outlined in the permitting
       regulations  (Part 70 or Part 71,  whichever is applicable).

       Although there is no appeals process for baseline emissions
       data, the review process for base year emissions is
       designed to reach agreement.  The State, Region, EPA
       Headquarters review team and public will review the base
       year emissions and allow the facility an opportunity to revise
       and resubmit the emission data, if adverse comments result
       from the review. EPA, however, will not accept poor quality
       base year emissions data.  In the case of disagreements
       regarding base year emissions,  the decision of the
       reviewing authority will be final.

Who pays for the local advertisement and the  announcement in the Federal
Register?

       EPA headquarters will pay for the announcements  in the
       Federal Register. The reviewing agency will pay for the
       notification in local publications.

What action  needs to be taken if the base year emissions data conflict with data
previously submitted to TRIS?

       The early reduction program requires more rigorous support
      for base year emissions than is required by TRIS. It is
      possible that the process of determining emission data
      more rigorously will result in emissions data different from
      what was reported to TRIS. In most instances, it will not be
      possible for the reviewing agency to compare these data
      because  TRIS data  is reported for the entire facility,
      whereas the early reduction application  will likely include
      only a portion of the facility. If the facility realizes that
      emissions are different than those reported under TRIS, the
      facility should submit a modification to the TRIS data.
                               2-45                          07/29/91

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 §63.77  APPLICATION PROCEDURES
       The request for a compliance extension and alternative emission limitation will
 be in the form of a permit application.  The application should contain the information
 necessary to demonstrate achievement of the early emission reduction by the
 appropriate deadline, as well as any additional information required for a complete
 permit application (as specified in regulations under Part 70 or 71, which implement
 permit programs required under Title V of the Act as amended). In most instances,
 the application must be received  by the appropriate permitting authority before
 proposal of an applicable 112(d)  standard.  However, there are two exceptions. The
 first exception is for sources that previously made an enforceable commitment, where
 the permit application must be received no later than December 1, 1993 (which may
 be after proposal of an applicable standard).  The second exception is for sources
 which have achieved qualifying reductions prior to proposal of an applicable MACT
 standard but which are unable to submit a permit application before proposal,
 because the Federal permit program has not been initiated (i.e., Part 71 Federal
 permitting regulations have not been promulgated) and the State does not have a
 permit program approved pursuant to Title V of the Act.  These programs will be
 necessary to define the information needed for a complete permit application.  This
 situation may arise within the next year or so,  before Part 71 regulations are
 promulgated and any State permitting programs are approved.  Therefore, to take this
 situation into account, the proposed rule specifies that the deadline for submitting
 permit applications under the early reduction program is the later of the following
 dates:
      (1) the  date of proposal of  an applicable 112(d) standard; or
      (2) 120 days after promulgation of Part  71  regulations or 120 days after
      approval of a State permit program under Title V of the Act, whichever
      occurs  first.

It is recommended that owners or operators in this situation notify the appropriate EPA
Regional Office of their intent to send in a permit application for the early reduction
program. The EPA Regional Office, in turn, will notify the potential applicant when the
                                     2-46                         07/29/91

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 Part 71 regulations have been promulgated or the appropriate State has received
 approval for a Title V permit program, whichever occurs earlier.  This will give the
 applicant timely notice of an approaching permit application submittal deadline.
       The permit application for sources with an enforceable commitment should
 demonstrate that a qualifying early reduction has been achieved or, where applicable,
 will be achieved by January 1, 1994 (as required in §63.74 of the proposal rule).  Test
 data to support the post-reduction emissions data may be submitted up to 90 days
 after the deadline for submittal of the permit application. This submittal allows the
 source flexibility to provide required post-reduction emission data from tests conducted
 after final controls or reduction strategies are in  place.  The permit application should
 specify appropriate emission limitations for the source and the test method or
 equivalent means used to determine the emission limitation.  Current EPA plans,  under
 proposed permitting regulations published May 10,  1991 (56 FR 21712), would require
 that the permit  be issued within nine months after receipt of the complete permit
 application.  Until that time, the enforceable commitment would remain the enforceable
 instrument for the source (section 112(i)(5)(B) of the Act provides that the commitment
 "shall be enforceable to the same extent as a regulation under this section.").
       If the relevant State has an approved Title V permit  program, it will be
 responsible  for  processing the application according'to provisions in 40 CFR Part 70
 (scheduled for promulgation in November 1991). For sources in States without
 approved Title V permit programs, applications should be submitted to EPA pursuant
 to 40 CFR Part  71.  (These regulations are scheduled for proposal  in November 1991
 and promulgation in  May 1992.)  A fee may be required by States  to offset the costs
 of reviewing applications.  (If EPA is the permitting authority,  a fee as specified in
 40 CFR 71 would be required.)
      The overall schedule for review of permit applications submitted as part of  the
 early reduction program is presented in Figure 2-9.  The last 112(d) proposal date is
 November 1999.  If permit applications must be submitted  prior to proposal and review
of the application must be accomplished with 9 months of receipt of a complete

                                     2-47                          07/29/91

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                                EARLY REDUCTION PROGRAM
                                DURATION OF KEY ACTIVITIES
EPA Administers Program   Transition
 o>
                                          States Administer Program
                            Permit Applications Reviewed
                           Permit Applications Submitted
          EC (or bai.iin.) H.vi.w.   Additional Baseline Reviews
         EC(orba».nn.)submi».dJ> Additional Baselines Submitted
                           Duration of Overall Program


	 • 	
1991

1992
tl
199$ ]\1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

HC*
     Mid 1991
Q    Industry
                     12/1/93         1/1/94
                     Permit          Reductions
^ Consultations    Applications       Achieved
    Earliest EC   Due (for EC sources) (for EC sources)
5
 Nov. 1999
Proposal of
Last 112(d)
 Standard
                                  »
                                   EC: Enforceable Commitment

                      Figure 2-9. Early Reduction Program Duration of Key Activities
                          •
                                                                                               2009
 Nov. 2009
   Last
Compliance
 Extension
 Expires

-------
 application, all early reduction permits will be reviewed by the end of the year 2000.
 This is the last year an extension may be granted.


      Question and Answer

      Do base year emissions submitted for early approval need to be
      resubmitted during application?

             No.  The applicant simply needs to include a statement that
             the data have not changed since the submittal of the base
             year emissions.  However, the rule does not provide an
             absolute shield against rejection of the base year emission
             data. Discovery of incorrect or fraudulent information in the
             emission data or supporting materials even after its initial
             approval, could potentially invalidate the base year data and
             require revision.


§63.78  EARLY REDUCTION DEMONSTRATION EVALUATION

      In determining whether to approve or deny a permit application, the permitting
authority evaluates all available information, including that supplied by the source

owner or operator in the early reduction demonstration and information received from

public comments on the application. Specific to the demonstration  of early reductions,
the permitting authority would decide whether the information and data required  had
been  provided and whether data were valid considering the following:

      1.     Did the facility provide the necessary plant identifying information

            to adequately describe the source and the emission points within
            the source?

      2.    Does the source meet one of the definitions described in
            §63.73?

    3.      Were emission tests conducted in accordance with the
            procedures and requirements of the proposed rule?

      4.     Were justifications acceptable for using something other than testing to
            establish post-reduction emission data?
                                     2-49                          07/29/91

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       5.     Are engineering calculations correct and the assumptions underlying the
             calculations valid?
       6.     Have emission factors been appropriately applied and can their use be
             reasonably expected to represent the emissions from the source
             accurately?
       7.     Are material balance data adequately documented by records and
             sufficiently accurate to give credible emission estimates?
       8.     Have all HAP emissions from each source for which a compliance
             extension is requested been documented and included in the
             calculations?
      9.      Were high-risk weighting factors appropriately applied to all
             high-risk HAP?
       After evaluating a permit application containing an early reduction
demonstration, the permitting authority will make a determination to either approve or
deny it. Specific reasons  for denial include but are not limited to:

       1.      The information provided by the owner or operator is incomplete.
       2.      The source is not  correctly identified.
       3.      The required 90 (95) percent reduction has  not been demonstrated  or it
             has  not continued to be achieved after demonstration.
       4.      The base year or post-reduction emission data are incorrect or not
             sufficiently reliable or well-documented to determine with reasonable
             certainty that required reductions have been achieved.   (Sources which
             submit base  year emission  data for review early, including sources which
             submit an enforceable commitment,  should  not be subject to  a second
             base year review at the permit application stage.  Note,  however, that
             base year emission data could change at this stage if they are found to
             be based on incorrect or fraudulent information.
                                     2-50                          07/29/91

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       5.    The emission of HAPs or the performance of emission control measures
             are sufficiently variable or unreliable as to preclude determination that the
             required reductions have been or will continue to be achieved.

       If the permit is denied, the permitting authority will notify the applicant of the
 denial and state the reasons for that denial.

 §63.79 APPROVAL OF APPLICATIONS
       If the application is approved, the reviewing agency establishes by permit
 issued under Title V of the Act enforceable emissions limitations for the source
 reflecting the control which qualified the source for the compliance extension. The
 permit would also include operating conditions and compliance monitoring, reporting,
 and recordkeeping requirements necessary to ensure continuing compliance.
      Although the demonstration  of 90 (95) percent reduction of HAP emissions
 must be expressed in terms of actual annual emissions, the emission limitation may be
 expressed in a number of different  ways.  A numerical emission limitation in the same
 format as applicable source  category standards would  be preferable. However, this
 may not be possible if, for example, the early reduction is being achieved with
 emission control technology that is different from that on which the standard is based.
 A different format may be necessary in such a case,  or a different time period for
 averaging emissions (e.g., 24 hours vs. 1 month) may be appropriate. The main
 objective in selecting the format and units of the emission limitation, and
 complementary monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements is to ensure
 continuing achievement of the 90 (95) percent  reduction of emissions.  Although a
 numerical emission limitation is the  preferred format, if a numerical limitation is not
feasible for technological or economic reasons, some other requirements could be
established instead as long as  it reflects the reduction which qualified the source for a
compliance extension.
      The emission limitation would be effective and enforceable immediately upon
issuance of the permit for the source and would remain in effect until six years after
                                     2-51                           07/29/91

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 the compliance date for the applicable section 112(d) standard, at which time the
 source would be required to comply with the standard.  Since permits will be issued
 for periods not to exceed five years, there will be at least two permits in effect over the
 six-year compliance extension.  The second and subsequent permit, which will be
 issued when the first one expires, will contain  the alternative emission limitation for the
 remainder of the six-year extension, and as appropriate, the limitations to comply with
 the 112(d) standard.
       Emission reductions of HAP for the purpose of obtaining an alternative
 emissions limitation under section 112(i)(5) of the Act are not creditable for the
 purpose of meeting an offset requirement under section 173(a)(1) of the Act. A
 source in a nonattainment area (an area where a  national ambient air quality standard
 is exceeded) may need to obtain offsets for new construction or modification activities.
 The HAP reductions are not allowed as  offsets in this instance because
 section 173(c)(2) of the Act states: "Emission reductions otherwise required by this Act
 shall not be creditable as emission reductions  for  purposes of any such offset
 requirement."  A source emitting HAPs either will have to comply with a standard
 issued under section 112(d) of the Act or an alternative emissions limitation which is
 granted to the source in lieu of such a standard. Therefore, the reduction of HAP
 emissions under the early reduction program is a substitute for the reduction of HAP
 emissions as "required" under a 112(d) standard.
       However, a source owner or operator may use as offsets any reductions in
 HAP emissions in  excess of those required to qualify for an exemption under the  early
 reduction program or reductions in non-HAP emissions which are obtained through
 use of the HAP emission reduction measures, if such  reductions are not required by
 any other provision of the Act and meet  the other requirements for offsets under Title I
 of the Act.  These reductions are allowed as offsets pursuant to I73(c)(2) of the Act
which further states: "Incidental emission reductions which are not otherwise required
by this Act shall be creditable as emission reductions for such purposes..." As a
simple example, consider a source emitting ethylene (a non-HAP) and ethylene oxide
(a HAP) which is controlled for purposes of qualifying for a compliance extension
                                      2-52                          07/29/91

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 under the early reduction program.  Assume that the control measured used reduced
 ethylene oxide emissions by 92 percent or 46 tons per year and also reduce ethylene
 emissions by 20 tons per year, although there is not a requirement to reduce the
 ethylene emissions.  Further, assume that the permit issued to the source requires a
 continuing 92 percent reduction. In this instance, the 20 ton per year reduction in
 ethylene emissions may be used, if needed, to offset an increase in volatile organic
 compound emissions from new construction or a modification of an existing source.
 Additionally, since the source achieved a 2 percent HAP reduction beyond that
 required to obtain an extension, the extra 2 percent reduction, or 1 ton per year in this
 example,  may be used as an offset.

       Question and  Answer

       May sources whose application for an extension under the Early
       Reduction Program is denied apply for a compliance extension under
       Section 112(i)(3)(B)?
             /es.  The regulation does state that facilities not meeting
             requirements of the early reduction program must comply
             with the 112(d) by its compliance date.  The intent is not
             that these facilities cannot apply for an extension but that
             the same compliance date(s) now apply to the facility as if
             the facility had never applied for the Early Reduction
            program.

§63.80  ENFORCEMENT
      All base year and post-reduction emissions information submitted as part of a
permit application or  an enforceable commitment are considered to have been
requested by the Administrator under the authority of Section 114 of the Act.
Therefore, any fraudulent statements contained in the such submittals will be
considered violations of section 114 and are actionable under section  113 of the Act.
In appropriate situations, fraudulent statements in these submittals will be considered
                                     2-53                         07/29/91

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violations of 18 U.S.C. 1001, the general false swearing provision of the United States
Code.

      If an early reduction demonstration in a permit application is disapproved,

whether or not the source is subject to an enforceable commitment, the owner or

operator must comply with any applicable 112(d) standards. Failure to comply with

the applicable 112(d) standards is actionable under section 113 of the Act.  Similarly,
failure to comply with an alternative emission limitation is actionable under section 113
of the Act.

      Question  and Answers

      At the end of the six year compliance extension, does the source have to
      continue to comply with the alternative emission limitation for emission points
      not covered by the 112(d) standard?

            Nothing in the Early Reduction program requires continued
            compliance with the alternative emission limitation after the
            six-year compliance extension. States, however, may have
            the authority to continue this requirement when issuing the
            renewal permit.

      If a source violates the alternative emission limitation, is the compliance
      extension revoked?

            No.  The source is simply in violation of its permit condition
            and will be treated in the same manner as any other
            violation.

      If a source fails to  meet an enforceable commitment, how long is it subject to
      penalties?'

            The source is subject to penalties until 112(d) standard is
            promulgated and the source is in compliance. If the source
            has made a good faith effort to achieve the enforceable
            commitment and/or the emission reduction meets what has
            been proposed as  112(d) standard, such actions will be
            taken into consideration in establishing penalties.
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§63.81   RULE FOR SPECIAL SITUATIONS
      When a source is subject to multiple 112(d) standards, the proposal date of the
first applicable standard is the proposal date which governs the deadline for early
reduction program.  In other words, a permit application or enforceable commitment
must be submitted prior to proposal of the earliest 112(d) standard that applies to any
emission point in the source definition.  The extension for compliance, however,
begins on the compliance date of the 112(d) standard applicable to the emission point.
This will lead to different compliance extension expiration dates for different emission
points in  a source subject to more than one 112(d) standard.
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                     3.0  PROGRAM  IMPLEMENTATION

       The EPA is committed to making the early reduction program a success and
 will play an active roll in implementation of the early reduction regulations. The EPA
 recognizes the burden this program could put on EPA Regional Offices and state
 agencies.  In an effort to assist the Regional Offices and the states, EPA has
 developed a management system for review of enforceable-commitments and  is also
 committing a pool of its staff to implementation of the program. Depending on the
 needs of the program, EPA may develop similar  management systems for the  review
 of permit applications under the early reduction program.
       The objective of this chapter is to better prepare the Regional EPA and State
 reviewers for implementation of the program. With this in mind, the intent of this
 chapter is to clearly define the roles of EPA Headquarters staff, the Regional Offices,
 and the states in implementing the program.  Additionally, this chapter provides
 checklists,  tracking forms, and examples of the types of materials reviewing agencies
 will need to generate.

 ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENTS
       Initial activity on the early reduction  program is expected to be the submittal of
 enforceable commitments.  In fact, enforceable commitments and  baseline reviews are
 the only submittals EPA Regions and states will be able to process at the outset. In all
 likelihood, neither the EPA Regions nor the States will be able to process a permit
 application  until mid-1992.  The reason for this is  that federal regulations governing air
 permit applications under Title V will not be promulgated until  mid-1992 and the
 approval process for State programs will not get started until the fall of 1991.
      The reviewing agency (EPA Regions or later the State)  is encouraged to  hold
 preapplication meetings with facility representatives, if there is an opportunity to do so.
 In  many cases, the first knowledge that a company wishes to  participate in the
program will be when an application is received.  However, in  situations where the

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 applicant gives advance notice that an application is being prepared, the Regional
 Office should take advantage of the opportunity to hold a preapplication meeting.  This
 can be particularly useful in cases such as chemical manufacturing complexes where
 there are many emission points and the potential exists for numerous source
 definitions.
       As mentioned above, EPA has developed a management system for review of
 enforceable commitments. This draft management system is intended to ensure that
 necessary support is provided to Regional Office reviewers during the early
 implementation phase of the early reduction provision (i.e. post proposal) and that
 consistent review and decision-making occurs.  EPA Headquarters will be learning
 about the scope and complexity of the implementation task, and can minimize
 problems through regular communication and consultation.  This is a highly visible
 rulemaking, and several constituent groups will follow its progress with a keen interest.
 The EPA will likely be asked for progress reports and information on how the provision
 is working.  Thus, the tracking of important milestones, using a system such as
 SIPTRAX is being emphasized. The Headquarters team will prepare periodic summary
 reports as necessary.
       The SIPTRAX system is a computer based system which provides up-to-date
 information on SIP activity in each Region, identified by State and nonattainment  area,
 pollutants involved and other pertinent information.  It allows significant milestones in
 the review process to be scheduled and tracked, such as receipt by the Regional
 Office, date of completeness determination, dates for Federal Register actions, and the
 like. These data handling needs are mirrored in the early reduction regulations, and
 the extension is a  natural one. Moreover, the system is user friendly, enabling direct
 input and access by the Regional Office and Headquarters staff.
      The early reduction management system is not intended to usurp the role  of the
 Regional Offices (and later the States) as primary reviewer/decision makers. Rather,  it
 is designed to get the program off on the right foot. A conference of the Regions,
 interested States, and Headquarters should occur within 90-120 days of proposal to
take stock and discuss improvements, changes in roles, etc.
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 Steps in the System
       A schematic of this system is presented in Figure 3-1 and the individual steps
 are described below.
 1.     Applicant prepares four copies of the enforceable commitment submittal,
       sending one to the Regional Office, one to the State, one to OGC, and one to
       OAQPS.
 2.     Regional Office logs in and advises applicant of receipt; enters date of receipt
       into the computer tracking system.
 3.     Within 2 weeks of receipt of application, Regional Office initiates conference call
       with Headquarters team (and as appropriate, the State) to discuss preliminary
       assessment, identify issues (including schedule) and get Headquarters
       commitment for opinion on completeness.
 4.     Within 30 days, Regional Office, after consultation with  Headquarters, makes
       completeness determination.  (In the early phase of the Early Reduction
       Program, Headquarters team  will have responsibility for final decision if there is
       a dispute.)
 5.     The OAQPS/DC will prepare and submit for publication an FR notice listing all
       Enforceable Commitment applications received in the previous month.
 6.     If application is not deemed complete, Regional Office advises applicant of
       additional information needed.  This may involve asking for submittal of
       additional material, or returning the application for substantive revision.
       Applicant may comply or decide to withdraw the application. If a response is
       not received within 90 days, the application will be considered withdrawn.
7.     If the application is deemed complete, the Regional Office enters the
      completeness date in the computer tracking system and initiates the 60-day
      application review.
                                     3-3                           07/29/91

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                      DRAFT: 07/29/91
           Figure 3-1. Management System for
           Review of Enforceable Commitments
3-4
                            07/29/91

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 8.     If the application cannot be reviewed for approvability in 60 days, Regional
       Office should discuss the problem with the Headquarters team.  Review periods
       longer than 60 days should be exceptions, not the rule, and should directly
       stem from the complexity and scope of a submittal. If it agreed with
       Headquarters that a longer review time is needed, a new schedule should be
       established and the applicant so advised.  (NOTE:  If there has been a pre-
       application conference, the possibility of extended review should be discussed
       at that time.)  Regional Office will enter any revised scheduled into the  computer
       tracking system.
 9.     Throughout the application review  process, the Regional Office, Headquarters
       team (and State,  as appropriate) should consult via conference call to discuss
       issues. Within the review period, Headquarters team (and State) will provide
       Regional Office with their assessment of the approvability of the application.
 10.    Within 60 days (or otherwise agreed upon schedule), the Regional Office, after
       consultation with  the Headquarters team (and the State), will decide on
       approvability of the application.
 11.    If there is a dispute regarding the approvability of the application, it will  be the
       Headquarters team's responsibility to promptly elevate the issue to get  a
       decision.  No action is to be taken  until a decision is made.
 12.    If the application is not approvable, the  Regional Office will advise the applicant
       of the deficiencies and the necessary corrective action.  (NOTE:  Applicant
       should be advised of significant deficiencies as soon as they are identified.)
 13.   Applicant may correct deficiencies and submit to the Regional Office,  or
      withdraw the application. Responsibility lies with the applicant and required
      action is on his clock. If a response is not received within 90 days, the
      application will be considered withdrawn.
14.    Regional Office reviews new information for approvability, consulting with the
      Headquarters team and the State as necessary.  If not approvable,  repeat steps
      13 and 14 with the applicant.  If approvable, go to step 16.

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  15.    If approvable, the Regional Office will publish local notice of intent to approve,
        requesting public comment (30-day comment period).  Region enters notice
        date into computer tracking system.
  16.    Thirty-day comment period can be extended to 60 days upon request of an
        interested party.  Regional Office publishes local notification of extension and
        advises applicant.
  17.    Regional Office provides comments to applicant, Headquarters team and State.
  18.    If adverse comments are received, Regional Office will consult with
        Headquarters team (and State) concerning disposition.
  19.    If comments are not accepted, Regional Office prepares an approval notice
        explaining reasons comments were not accepted.
 20.    If comments are accepted, Regional Office assesses necessary corrective
        action and advises the applicant.
 21.   Applicant may correct deficiencies and submit to Regional Office, or withdraw
       the application. If a response is not received within 90 days, the application will
       be considered withdrawn.
 22.   If revisions are acceptable, Regional Office prepares approval notice explaining
       adverse comments and corrective action taken.  If revisions are not acceptable,
       repeat steps 21 and 22.
 23.   Regional Office publishes local  notice of approval, and enters date into the
       computer tracking system.
 24.    Headquarters includes approval information in the monthly FR notice on
       applications received.

 Reviewer Checklists for Enforceable Commitments
       A set of four checklists are provided in Appendix B to assist the reviewers in
 processing enforceable commitments. The first checklist is an overall checklist for
 enforceable commitments.  This checklist is designed to help keep track of key  dates
 and to insure that all actions required under the regulations are performed. When all
the boxes in the checklist are checked "yes1 then  the review is  considered complete
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 and the enforceable commitment is approved.
       The second checklist provided in Appendix B is for the completeness review.
 This checklist is designed so that the reviewer simply checks the appropriate box
 ("Yes" or "No"). If all of the checks are "Yes", then the application is considered
 complete.  Conversely, if one or more boxes are checked "No", then the application
 should be considered incomplete.
       The third checklist provided in Appendix B is a source definition checklist.  The
 purpose of this checklist is to ensure that the source as defined by the owner or
 operator meets the requirements of §63.73. This checklist is designed so that the
 reviewer simply checks the requirement meet by the owner or operators source
 definition.  If any one box on the checklist is checked "Yes", then the definition of
 source is acceptable.
       The forth checklist provided in Appendix B is a checklist for review of emission
 levels submitted for the base year. This should be the area of emphasis in the review
 of an enforceable  commitment.  A separate checklist should be completed by the
 reviewer for each emission  point or set of grouped emission points.  The form is
 designed to provoke the judgements that need to be made on emissions data
 provided for each  emission point or set of grouped emission points.  Unlike the other
 two checklist, this  one does require a considerable amount of judgement on the part
 of the reviewer.  As discussed in the previous chapter, it is the responsibility of the
 reviewer to insure the accuracy  of the  base year and post-control emissions.  This
 requires that the reviewer keep a broad perspective in reviewing the individual
 emissions data provided and continuously evaluate potential inaccuracies with respect
 to the total source emissions.

 BASELINE SUBMITTALS
      The other activity that Regional Offices and states will become involved in
immediately is review of baseline submittals.  One provision of the early reduction
regulations is that a facility owner or operator considering  participation in the program
can request a review of year emissions. This allows the source owner or operator to
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 establish the base year emission level for the source prior to submitting a permit
 application.
       The review of baseline submittals is nearly identical to the review of enforceable
 commitment submittals. The only difference is that baseline submittals will not include
 a commitment to reduce HAP emission or a general control plan.
       Baseline submittals will also be entered into EPA's early reduction tracking
 system.  In fact the steps for review of baseline submittals will be identical to those
 presented in Figure 3-1 for the review of enforceable commitments.

 Reviewer Checklists for Baseline Submittals
       A set of four checklists are provided in Appendix C to assist reviewers in
 processing requests for baseline review. The first checklist is an overall checklist for
 review of baseline submittals. This checklist is designed to help keep track of key
 dates and to insure that all actions required  under the regulations are performed.
 When all the boxes in the checklist are checked "yes1 then the review is considered
 complete and the base year  emissions are considered approved.
      The second  checklist provided in Appendix C is for the completeness review.
 This checklist is designed so that the reviewer simply checks the appropriate box
 ("Yes" or "No").  If all of the checks are "Yes" then the application is considered
 complete.  Conversely, if one or more boxes are checked "No", then  the application
 should be considered incomplete.
      The third checklist provided in Appendix C is a source definition checklist.  The
 purpose of this checklist is to ensure that the source as defined by the owner or
 operator meets the requirements of §63.73.  If any one box on the  checklist is
 checked "Yes", then the definition of source is acceptable.
      The forth checklist provided in Appendix C is a checklist for review of emission
 levels submitted for the base  year. This should be the area of emphasis in the  review
 of an baseline submittals.  A separate checklist should be completed  by the reviewer
for each emission point or set of grouped emission points. This checklists is identical
to the one provided  in Appendix B for enforceable commitments.
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PERMIT APPLICATIONS
      As indicated earlier, EPA may develop a management system similar to the
system presented in this chapter for enforceable commitments and baseline
submittals.  Such a system will not be introduced until after the permitting regulations
have been proposed.
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  4.0 INTERFACE WITH THE 33/50 (INDUSTRIAL TOXICS) PROJECT


       The 33/50 Project is part of the Agency's overall Pollution Prevention Strategy
 and the first of its new pollution prevention initiatives. Like the early reduction
 program, participation in this project is fully voluntary.  Many of the companies that are
 currently participating in the 33/50 Project may also participate in the early reduction
 program. The two programs are complementary, and the intent  of this chapter is to
 minimize confusion over the differing requirements and encourage participation  in both
 programs.


 DESCRIPTION OF THE 33/50 PROJECT

       The 33/50 Project was announced in February 1991 and is one of the major
 components of the Agency's pollution prevention strategy.  This program is designed
 to encourage voluntary reduction of toxic releases and off-site transfers of 17
 chemicals. The 17 targeted chemicals are:
            Benzene
            Cadmium and Cadmium Compounds
            Carbon  Tetrachloride
            Chloroform (Trichloromethane)
            Chromium and Chromium Compounds
            Cyanide Compounds and Hydrogen Cyanide
            Lead and Lead Compounds
            Mercury and Mercury Compounds
            Methylene Chloride (Dichloromethane)
            Methyl Ethyl Ketone
            Methyl Isobutyl Ketone
            Nickel and Nickel Compounds
            Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene)
            Toluene
            1,1,1 -Trichloroethane (methyl chloroform)
            Trichloroethylene
            Xylenes  (all xylenes)

This list of chemicals is drawn from the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI), based on

recommendations from EPA program offices and considering the  following: high
production; high releases and off-site transfers relative to total production as indicated

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 from TRI reports; potential for pollution prevention activities; and potential for a wide
 range of health and environmental effects.
       The 33/50 Project establishes a national goal to reduce releases and off-site
 transfers of these 17 chemicals by one-third by 1992 and one-half by 1995 with
 emphasis on the use of pollution prevention techniques.  The baseline for these
 reduction goals is the 1988' TRI.  Based on the TRI, aggregate releases and off-site
 transfers of the targeted chemicals was 1.4 billion pounds in 1988.
       The Administrator to date has asked over 600 U.S. companies to participate in
 this program.  Each company has been asked to examine its processes to identify and
 implement cost-effective pollution prevention practices related to the 33/50 Project
 chemicals. Companies have also been asked to  develop written commitments to
 publicly state their reduction goals and how they plan to achieve them.  The following
 are general guidelines and milestones for what EPA has asked companies to do.

       •     May 15, 1991 - receipt of company wide numerical commitments.
       •     July 30, 1991 - receipt of facility specific and chemical specific numerical
             commitments including discussion of pollution prevention activities, as
             appropriate.
       •     November 30, 1991  - receipt of updated information, as needed, on
             company and facility specific commitments as a result of activities with
             other regulatory planning or toxic use reduction programs, or the Early
             Reductions Program for 112(d) standards  under the Clean Air Act.

       Progress in achieving the 33/50 Project goals will be monitored through the use
of information reported to the TRI.

INTERFACE BETWEEN THE 33/50 PROJECT AND THE EARLY REDUCTION
PROGRAM
      The Agency intends to implement the 33/50 Project and the early reduction
program in a coordinated manner to minimize confusion over their differing require-
ments and encourage participation.  The early reduction program is being implement-
ed by a rule defining procedures and requirements that  must be followed to obtain a
                                     4-2                          07/29/91

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 compliance extension.
       Any HAP emission reductions documented under the early reduction program
 also can be submitted and credited under the 33/50 Project and vice versa.  Reduc-
 tion credits are not "used up" when applied to one of these programs. However, it is
 not-necessarily the case that HAP reductions achieved under the 33/50 Project will
 qualify a source for a compliance extension under the early reduction program.  In
 general, the early reduction program documentation requirements are more stringent.
 Also, sufficient control must be employed to achieve at least 90 (95) percent reduction
 in base year HAP emissions from the source.
       Although the reduction requirement for the  early reduction program,  90 (95)
 percent, may  seem much higher than the 33/50 Project reduction goals, it is important
 to note the differences in the emission source. Under the early reduction program, an
 owner or operator may choose to define the source as a subset of the emission points
 within the facility;  whereas, in the 33/50 Project, the source is always the entire
 facility.  Therefore, by voluntarily reducing emissions from a single source or group of
 sources  by 90 (95) percent,  a source owner or operator may or may not achieve the
 33/50 Project goal. Additionally, it is important to  note the  differences in base years.
 The base year for the early reduction program is generally  1987 or later, whereas the
 base year for the 33/50 Project is 1988.  It is important to note that properly
 documented reductions under the 33/50 Project may qualify for credit under the Early
 Reductions Program because of the flexibility afforded an applicant in defining a
 source as a subpart of an entire facility.
      As with the 33/50 Project, the Agency encourages participation  in the early
 reduction program through the adoption of pollution prevention measures.  The
agency defines pollution prevention as the use of materials, processes, practices, or
products that avoid, reduce or eliminate wastes or  toxic releases, through activities
such as toxic use reduction, source reduction and  closed-loop recycling.
                                     4-3                          07/29/91

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           APPENDIX A



EXAMPLE ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENT
                                  07/29/91

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                    EXAMPLE ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENT
      This appendix presents  an example  of  a complete and well  documented
enforceable commitment. It contains all of the requirements of the proposed regulations
gorverning compliance extensions under the early reduction program.
      The example  documentation  of  base year  emissions  includes completed
worksheets .for each emissions point.  These worksheets are from a document entitled,
"Procedures for Establishing Emissions for Early Reduction Compliance Extensions - Vol
I" (EPA-450/3-91-Ol2a).  This procedures document provides guideance  on accepted
techniques for establishing HAP  emissions for SOCMI  and several other source types.
The worksheets obtained from the procedures document and  used to document base
year emissions in the example contain numerous references to tables and  figures.  The
tables and figures referred to are in the procedures document.
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                  EXAMPLE ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENT
                         (Submittal Letter)
 August 25,  1991
 Director
 Air Management Division
 EPA Region IV
 345 Courtland Street,  N.E.
 Atlanta,  Georgia  30365

 RE:   Enforceable Commitment for the  Chloromethanes  Process Train
       and the South Tank Farm

 Dear Sir/Madam:

      In  accordance with Title 40 Part  63 Subpart D  of  the  Code of
 Federal  Regulationsf we wish to participate  in the  early
 reduction program for  two sources located within our Durham,
 North Carolina facility.  These are  the Chloromethanes process
 train and the South Tank Farm.   Attached please find a site plan
 of  the contiguous facility  containing  these  two sources, evidence
 that each of  these sources  conforms  to one of the allowable
 source definitions under §63.73,  our base year emissions along
 with the  supporting basis,  and  evidence that our base  year
 emissions were not unusually high.

      As provided  in the attached documentation, our total  base
 year (1987) HAP emissions from  these two sources were  as follows:

                                    Total         Weighted
                                     HAP             HAP
                                  Emissions       Emissions
          Source                    (Ma/vrl           (Ma/vr)

 Chloromethanes Process  Train       668.5          668  5
 South  Tank Farm                     14.1           19!6

      I certify to  the best of my knowledge that the base year
 emissions given above are accurate and acknowledge that these
emissions data are being submitted in response to an EPA request
under  section  114  of the Act.  I further certify that the  base
year emissions provided for all emission points in the source do
not exceed allowable emission levels specified in any applicable
law, regulation, or permit condition.
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We commit  to  achieve,  before January 1,  1994,  the  following  post-
reduction  emission levels:
                                     Total          Weighted
                                      HAP            HAP
                                   Emissions        Emissions
         Source                    (Ma/vr)          (Ma/vrl

Chloromethanes  Process Train       66.85          66.85
South Tank Farm                     1.41          "1.96,


     These post-reduction emission levels will provide the
90 percent reduction required to qualify for a compliance
extension.  I acknowledge that this  commitment is  enforceable as
specified  in Title 40  Part  63 Subpart D  of the Code of Federal
Regulations.

     If you have any questions concerning the content of this
submittal, please  contact me at (919)555-1000.

                                   Sincerely,
                                   Joe Chemical
                                   President
                              A-3                     07/29/91

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-	9°9*[g,uous f?!ant boundary
  Tank farm A
     «1TO» )  I ,ST09
                    Process unit
     «"«• )  { MTU.
         LJ)
 Transfer/loading
      Wastewater

      Treatment
Tank
               Wastewater

                Treatment
       Tank farm C
                   Tank farm


               f XST10 J    B
                Process unit
                 OTank
                                        Process unit
                              ooo
        Transfer/loading           (^) £) Q   D

                Figure 1.  Site Plan
                         A-4
                  07/29/91

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                  SOURCE IDENTIFYING INFORMATION
 Company Name:
 Address:
 City/State/Zip:

 Responsible Official:
 Telephone Number:
 XY2  Company
 100  XY2 Street
     Joe chemical
      (9191555-1000
Source:

General Source
Description:
Activity Which Causes
HAP Emissions:
Chloromethanea Process Train
The source is defined as the set of
emission points that are associated with
the production of Chloromethanes from
methanol.  This includes storage of raw
materials and intermediates, process
vents, equipment leaks, product storage
losses, and secondary emissions from
wastewater collection and treatment.

The source, as defined for purposes of
the early reduction program, conforms to
§63.73(a)(3)  and §63.73(a)(5).  The
process unit is considered a structure
or installation.   Additionally, HAP
emissions from the set of emission
points defined as the source total more
than 25 TPY.

HAP are emitted from the source as a
result of raw material and product
losses during the production of
Chloromethanes.
                              A-5
                             07/29/91

-------
Source:

Base  Year:

Emission Points:
         BASE YEAR EMISSIONS

      Chloromethanea Process Train

      1987
 ID
Description
 Base Year Emissions (Ma/yrl

Total HAP      Weighted HAP
XPV01      Inert-gas purge vent          44.8
XPV02      Methylene chloride
             condenser vent               0.059
XPV03      Chloroform condenser
             vent                         0.024
XST01      Methanol storage tank          18.3
XST02      Crude product storage
             tank                        14.4
XST03      Crude chloroform storage       11.2
XST04      Methylene chloride day
             tank                        29.2
XST05      Methylene chloride day
             tank                        29.2
XST06      Methylene chloride
             product storage           160.7
XST07      Chloroform day tank            9.5
XST08      Chloroform day tank            9.5
XST09      Chloroform product            62.72
XST10      Crude carbon tetrachloride      4.81
XEL        Equipment leaks               48.2
XL01       Rail  Car Loading              50.9
XL02       Tank  Truck Loading            46.7
XWW01      Wastewater Collection and
             Treatment                 128.3
                                         44.8

                                          0.059

                                          0.024
                                         18.3

                                          9.01
                                          6.80

                                         25.3

                                         25.3

                                        140.1
                                          8.1
                                          8.1
                                         54.4
                                          3.7
                                         48.1
                                         47.7
                                         46.7

                                        128.3
                         TOTAL
                        668.5
                 617.5
                               A-6
                                        07/29/91

-------
        GENERAL PLAN FOR ACHIEVING THE REQUIRED REDUCTION
 ID
Description
Control
XPV01     Inert-gas purge vent
XPV02     Methylene chloride
            condenser vent
XPV03     Chloroform condenser
            vent
XST01     Methanol storage tank

XST02     Crude product storage
            tank
XST03     Crude chloroform storage

XST04     Methylene chloride day
            tank
XST05     Methylene chloride day
            tank
XST06     Methylene chloride
            product storage
XST07     Chloroform day tank

XST08     Chloroform day tank

XST09     Chloroform product

XST10     Crude carbon tetrachloride

XEL       Equipment leaks

XL01      Rail Car Loading

XL02      Tank Truck Loading

XWW01     Wastewater Collection and
            Treatment
                               Incinerator

                               None

                               None
                               Internal  Floating
                                Roof
                               Internal  Floating
                                Roof
                               Internal  Floating
                                Roof
                               Internal  Floating
                                Roof
                               Internal  Floating
                                Roof
                               Internal  Floating
                                Roof
                               Internal  Floating
                                Roof
                               Internal  Floating
                                Roof
                               Internal  Floating
                                Roof
                               Internal  Floating
                                Roof
                               Leak Detection  and
                                Repair  Program
                               Refrigerated
                                Condenser
                               Refrigerated
                                Condenser

                               Steam Stripper
                              A-7
                                        07/29/91

-------
                           Source:Chloromethanes Process Train

        CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                         FROM PROCESS VENTS
 HAP; Methvl Chloride	          Date; 08/20/91
 Year: 1987     "                  .  Calculator;
 Process Vent Identification; XPVOi
 Description:  Inert Gas Purcre Vent
 Process Conditions/Sampling
 Date of flow measurement                                10/05/87
 Method of flow measurement                 EPA Method 2	
 Date of concentration measurement                       10/05/87
 Method of concentration measurement
   (if not an EPA Method give a brief
   description and attach protocol)         EPA Method 18	
 Describe any problems encountered
   during testing none encountered	
 Production rate during flow determination (Ibs/hr)       47.000
 Production rate during sampling (Ibs/hr)                 47.000
 Average production rate during base year (Ibs/hr)        47.000

 Stream Characteristics
 Average vent stream flow rate (ft3/min)         6.57          = Q
 HAP  concentration (ppmv)                       230.OOP       = c
 Annual hours of operation (hrs)                  8500         = h
 Vent stream discharge temperature (°F)            no         , T
 HAP  molecular weight (Ib/lb-mole)            	50.5       _ j/^
 HAP  high-risk weighting factor              	3.         = F
                                             ~~^^~~^~^^^~~        HR
 Control
 Control device	None	
 HAP  control efficiency (%)N/&          = eff

 Calculations5

 Uncontrolled Emissions (Ey)  = 3.94E-08 0  c h MW
                                    T + 460

 Uncontrolled Emissions (EU)  = 3.94E-Q8(6.571^230.0001 fasooi rso.s^
                                         (_110_)  + 460
                                   44.8
Mg/yr
HAP Emissions  (E^p)  =  EU  (1  - eff/100)



                               A-8                      07/29/91

-------
                          Source: Chloromethanes Production Train

       CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                  FROM PROCESS VENTS (CONCLUDED)
 HAP Emissions (Ej^p)  = 44.8 fl - 	Q_/100)


                                   Mg/yr
44.8
 Weighted HAP Emissions  = Ej^p  FHR

 Weighted HAP Emissions  = (44.8)  (1)

                                   Mg/yr
 If the  conditions  during  testing  are not representative  of base
 year operation, make  the  appropriate extrapolation  below and
 explain:

 The process was operating at  the  base year production  rate during
 testing.
If the flow or concentration were not measured using an EPA
reference method, EPA conditional method or validated using
Method 301, provide justification and supporting calculations:
N/A
Expression provided in "Procedures for Establishing Base Year
 and Post-Reduction HAP Emissions" to convert flow and
 concentration into an annual mass rate; the 3.94E-08 constant is
 based on the ideal gas law.


                               A-9                      07/29/91

-------
                          Source:Chloromethanea Process Train

        CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR  ESTABLISHING  HAP EMISSIONS
                         FROM PROCESS VENTS
 HAP;  Methvlene chloride
 Year: 1987
                                    Date; 08/20/91
                                    Calculator :
                                                    RHH
 Process Vent Identification; XPV02
 Vent ID/Description; Methvlene Chloride Condenser Vent
 Process Conditions/Sampling
 Date of flow measurement
 Method of flow measurement
 Date of concentration measurement
 Method of concentration measurement
   (if not an EPA Method give a brief
   description and attach protocol)

 Describe any problems encountered
   during testing
                                                         10/05/87
                                            EPA Method 2
                                                           N/A
Production rate during flow determination (Ibs/hr)
Production rate during sampling (Ibs/hr)
Average production rate during base year  (Ibs/hr)

Stream  Characteristics
Average vent stream flow rate (ft3/min)
HAP concentration (ppmv)
Annual  hours of operation (hrs)
Vent stream discharge temperature  (°F)
HAP molecular weight (Ib/lb-mole)
HAP high-risk weighting factor
                                          None (see est.  below)
                                          N/A
                                                         47,000
                                                           N/A
                                                         47.000
                                                0.042
                                               28.600
                                                8500
                                                 120
                                              	85
  Q
  c
  h
  T
  MW
  F
Control
Control device
HAP control efficiency (%)

Calculations
                                 None
                                                N/A
                                                               HR
= eff
Uncontrolled Emissions
Uncontrolled Emissions
HAP Emissions
                               3.94E-08 O C h MW
                                   T + 460
                            =  3.94E-08  (0.042)^28.6001fSSOOl(BS\
                                         (_12£_) + 460

                                           Mg/yr
                                  0.059
                           (l - eff/100)
                               A-10
                                                       07/29/91

-------
                          Source:Chloromethanes Process Train

       CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                  FROM PROCESS VENTS  (Concluded)
 HAP Emissions (EHAp)  = 0.059(1 - _0__/100)
                           0.059
Mg/yr
 Weighted HAP Emissions = EHar> FHTj
                           nntr  nx\

 Weighted HAP Emissions = (0.059)  (1)

                                    Mg/yr
 If  the  conditions  during testing  are  not  representative of base
 year  operation,  make  the appropriate  extrapolation  below and
 explain:

 The process was  operating at  the  average  base  year  rate during
 flow  measurement.
If the flow or concentration were not measured using an  EPA
reference method, EPA conditional method or validated using
Method 301, provide justification and supporting calculations:

HAP concentration was not measured because the HAP emissions  from
this emission point are small compared to total source HAP
emissions and errors in calculating emissions from this  source  do
not significantly affect the accuracy of total estimated HAP
emissions from the source.  The HAP concentration is based on
saturation of the HAP at process conditions just prior to
discharge (29.4 psi and 110°F) and a methylene chloride  pressure
of 8.4 psia at no°p.  ideal gas behavior is assumed.

      8.4 psia   = 0.286 Ib-mole methvlene chloride
     29.4 psia           Ib-mole of vent gas

Expression provided in "Procedures for Establishing Emissions"
 to convert flow and concentration into an annual mass rate;  the
 3.94E-08 constant is based on the ideal gas law.


                              A-11                     07/29/91

-------
                          Source:Chloronethanes Process Train

        CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR  ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                         FROM PROCESS VENTS
 HAP: Chloroform	Date; 08/20/91
 Year: 1987                         Calculator:   RHH
 Process Vent Identification; XPV03
 Vent ID/Description: Chloroform Condenser Vent _


 Process Conditions/Sampling
 Date of flow measurement                                10/05/87
 Method of flow measurement                  EPA Method 2
 Date of concentration measurement                          N/A
 Method of concentration measurement
   (if not an EPA Method give a brief
   description and attach protocol)       None (see est. below)
 Describe any problems encountered
   during testing    __ N/A
 Production rate during flow determination (Ibs/hr)        47.000
 Production rate during sampling (Ibs/hr)                   N/A
 Average production rate during base year  (Ibs/hr)         47.000

 Stream Characteristics
 Average vent stream flow rate (ft3/min)         p. 015        = Q
 HAP  concentration (ppmv)                       22.900        = c
 Annual hours of operation (hrs)                 8500         = h
 Vent stream discharge temperature (°F)           120         = T
 HAP  molecular weight (Ib/lb-mole)                119.4        =
HAP high-risk weighting factor               _ i          = F
                                              ^~~^^^~~^~~^^~        HR
Control
Control  device      _ None
HAP control  efficiency (%)                       N/A          _  eff

Calculations

Uncontrolled Emissions (Ey)  =  3.94E-08 0 C h MW
                                    T  + 460

Uncontrolled Emissions (Ey)  =  3.94E-08ro.oisi (22900} (asoo\ (119.41
                                         ( 120  1  + 460
                                   0.024
Mg/yr
HAP Emissions  (E^p) =  EU  (l - eff/100)



                               A-12                     07/29/91

-------
                          Source:Chloromethanes Process Train

       CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                  FROM PROCESS VENTS (Concluded)
Emissions
                  = 0.024(1  -
                        0.024
Weighted  HAP  Emissions  =
                                Mg/yr
                                HR
Weighted HAP  Emissions  =  (0.024)  (l)

                                   Mg/yr
If the conditions during testing are not representative  of  base
year operation, make the appropriate extrapolation below and
explain:

The process was operating at the average base year production
rate during flow measurement.
If the flow or concentration were not measured using an EPA
reference method, EPA conditional method or validated using
Method 301, provide justification and supporting calculations:

HAP concentration was not measured because the HAP emissions from
this emission point are small compared to total source HAP
emissions and errors in calculating emissions from this source do
not significantly affect the accuracy of estimated total HAP
emissions from the source.  The HAP concentration is based on
saturation of the HAP at process conditions just prior to
discharge (17 psi and lio°P) and a chloroform vapor pressure of
3.9 psia at no°F. Ideal gas behavior is assumed.
      3.9 psia
     17   psia
                = 0.229 Ib-mole chloroform
                        Ib-mole of vent gas
 Expression provided in "Procedures for Establishing Emissions"
 to convert flow and concentration into an annual mass rate; the
 3.94E-08 constant is based on the ideal gas law.
                              A-13
                                                      07/29/91

-------
                          Source:Chloromethane Process Train

       CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                   FROM FIXED ROOF STORAGE TANKS
 HAP;   Methanol	            Date;  08/20/91

 Vear:_i987	                           Calculator :_Rra_
 Tank  designation;  XST01	

 Product:  Methanol Feed
Tank  Characteristics
   Inside diameter,  (ft)                          60	   =D
   Height,  (ft)                                    48     ~   =HT
   Capacity,  (gal)  = n S £ * 7.48 3*1          1,000.000      =v
                         4        ft3
    if  not known
   Roof  color 	White	
   Shell color 	White
  Vapor  space height,  (ft)a                     24	   =H

Ambient  Conditions
  Average  atmospheric  pressure (psia)            14.7       =pa
     (defaults 14.7 psia)
  Average  ambient diurnal  temperature            20         =Am
     (0F)-b                                    	    T

  Average  annual  ambient temperature         	TO	    =T*
     (°F)                                      	    A

Bulk Liquid  Characteristics
  Stored liquid temperature (°F)C                70	  =T
  Total throughput per year (gal)             24.OOP.OOP    =AN
  Number of  turnovers  per  yeard                  24	.    =N
  Molecular  weight of  vapor (Ib/lb mole)         32	  =MV
  Mole percent of HAP                           ipp           v
  Partial  pressure of  the  HAP  at liquid      	1.9	  =p
    conditions  (psia)
  HAP high-risk weighting  factor             	1	   =FUTS
                                             ^^~^^—~~~^^^—^^^—    HR
Adjustment Factors
  Paint factor  (see Table  2-3)               	i.p	  -p
  Small diameter  tank  factor6                     i.p       =CP
  Turnover factorf                               It0       _K
  Product  factor^                                ^Q       _RN
                               A-14                     07/29/91

-------
                          Source:Chloromethanes Process Train

       CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
             FROM FIXED ROOF STORAGE TANKS (continued)
                            None
Control

  Control device
  HAP control efficiency  (%)

Calculations*1

Breathing Loss  (M9/yr) =

  LB = 1.02E-05MV           °-68
                                                              =eff
     =  1.02E-05
           2.40
                      Pa-P
                   Mg/yr
                                  D1.73H0.51AT0.50FpCKc
                                                       (1)(l)(l)
Working Loss  (Mg/yr)  =  LW =  1.09E-08  MVPVNKNKC

                      =  1.09E-08  (32)(1.9)(1,000,000)(24)(1)(1)

                                    Mg/yr
                          15.90
Total Loss  (Mg/yr) =

  TL = LB + LW  =  (2.40) +  (15.90)  =
                                           18.3
Mg/yr
If a control device is employed,

  HAP Emissions  (E^p)  = Total Loss  (l  - eff/100)

                        =   18.3    (l -  _0_/100)

                                   Mg/yr
                               A-15
                                                       07/29/91

-------
                          Source;Chloromethane3 Process Train


       CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
             FROM FIXED ROOF STORAGE TANKS (continued)
  Weighted HAP Emissions = EHAP

                         = '(18.3) (1)

                                     Mg/yr
  If  vapor space height is unknown or shell,  assume H equals one
half tank height.  If tank has a cone roof,  adjust vapor space
height by adding 1/3 of height of cone.


  If  average ambient diurnal temperature change is unknown,  assume
  20°F.


cStored liquid temperature may be approximated from average
  annual ambient temperature.   See Table 2-2.

dN = AN
           where  N = number of turnovers per  year
                 AN = total throughput per year (gal)
                  V = tank capacity (gal)


eFor D >  30ft,  C=l; For 6 < D < 30ft,  C=0. 0771D-0. 0013D2-0. 1334 .

fFor turnovers  > 36,  KN = (180 + N)/(6 * N)
            where KN = turnover factor (dimensionless)
                   N = number  of turnovers per year
 For turnovers  < 36,  KN = l
    = 1.0 for volatile organic  liquids


Expression for  computing  HAP emissions are from "Procedures  for
 Establishing Emissions."  The  calculation procedure is
 consistent with AP-42.
                                                       07/29/91

-------
                      SUMMARY OF CALCULATION INPUTS FOR ADDITIONAL  FIXED-ROOF STORAGE
                           TANKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE CHLOROMETHANES PROCESS TRAIN


Tank
ID
XST02
XST02
XST02
XST03
XST03
XST04
XSTOS
XST06

XST07
XSTOS
XST09
XST10


Tank
Description
Crude Product
Crude Product
Crude Product
Crude Chloroform
Crude Chloroform
Methylene
Chloride Day Tank
Methylene
Chloride Product
Chloroform
Day Tank
Chloroform
Crude Carbon
Tetrachloride

HAP
MC
C
CT
C
CT

MC

MC

C
C

CT

D

Inside V
Mole Tank Diameter Capacity
Percent Color (ft.) (gal)
55.3 White
40.5 White
4.2 White
90.6 White
9.4 White

White



White
White

White
27
27
27
27
27

30

60

21
47

21
100.000
100,000
100,000
100,000
100,000

40,000

1.000.000

20.000
400,000

20,000
H
Vapor
Space
Height
(ft.)
12
12
12
12
12

4

24

4
16

4
Stored
N
Ljquid Number of
Temperature Turnovers
(°F) per Year
95
95
95
104
104

86

70

104
70

104
6
6
6
6
6

216

17

199
20

32
Mv
Molecular
Weight
(Ib/lbmole)
85
119.4
154
119.4
154

85

85

119.4
119.4

154
P
Partial
Pressure
(psia)
5.4
1-.7
0.11
4.0
0.24

8.8

7.4

4.3
4.3

2.6

Pa?nt
Factor
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0
1.0

1.0
c
Small
Diameter
Factor
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0

1.0

1.0

0.91
1.0

0.91

KN
Turnover
Factor
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0

0.305

1.0

0.317
1.0

1.0
      MC = Methylene Chloride; C = Chloroform; CT = Carbon Tetrachloride
CO
^O

-------
SUMMARY OF CALCULATED EMISSIONS FROM FIXED-ROOF STORAGE TANKS
       ASSOCIATED WITH THE CHLOROMETHANES PROCESS TRAIN




>
00



o
>J
I
CD
Tank
ID
XST02
XST02
XST02
XST03
XST03
XST04/
XST05
XST06
XST07/
XST08
XST09
XST10

LB LW LT
Breathing Working Total
Tank Loss Loss Loss
Description HAP (Mg/yr) (Mg/yr) Mg/yr
Crude Product MC 6.21 3.00 9.21
Crude Product C 3.16 1.33 4.49
Crude Product CT 0.59 o.li 0.70
Crude Chloroform c 6.76 3.12 9.89
Crude Chloroform CT 1.05 0.24 1.29
Methylene Chloride
Day Tank MC 7.69 21.48 29.17
Methylene Chloride
Product MC 44.13 116.55 160.68
Chloroform Day Tank C 2.44 7.06 9.50
Chloroform Product C 17.95 44.77 62.72
Crude Carbon
Tetrachloride CT 2.01 2.79 4.81

. Control Baseline
Control Efficiency Emissions
Device (%) (Mg/yr)
None o
None o
None o
None 0
None o
None o
None o
None o
None o
None 0

9.21
4.49
0.70
9.89
1.29
29.17
160.68
9.50
62.72
4.81


-------
                          Source:Chloromethanes Process Train

       CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                       FROM EQUIPMENT LEAKS3
HAP;   Methvl  Chloride
 Year;  1987

 Process: Chloromethanea Production
  Date:  08/20/91
  Calculator:     RHH
Equipment Counts
Pump Seals  (Light  Liquid)
     0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
     10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
     25-75 wt% HAP of VOC
     75-99 Wt% HAP of VOC
     100   wt% HAP of VOC
Pump Seals  (Heavy Liquid)
     0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
     10-25 Wt% HAP of VOC
     25-75 wt% HAP of VOC
     75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
     100   wt% HAP of VOC
Valves (Gas/Vapor)
                                         Average
                              Total        HAP
                              Number    Wt.  Fract.
5



10

X
X
X
X
X

0.05
0.175 =
0.50
0.87
1.00
Subtotal
0.25



10
10.25
                                                             =PSLL
x
X
X
X
X
 0.05
 0.175  =
 0.50
 0.87
 1.00
Subtotal
                                                            =PSHL
0 -10 Wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
Valves (Light Liquid)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
4 x 0.05
X 0.175 -
x 0.50
X 0.87
6 x 1.00
Subtotal
10 X 0.05
X 0.175 -
X 0.50
X 0.87
16 X 1.00
Subtotal
0.20



6
6.20
0.50



16
16.50

=VGV
=VLL
                              A-19
                 07/29/91

-------
                   Source:Chloromethanes Process Train

CALCULATION  WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
           FROM EQUIPMENT LEAKS (cont.fd)
Valves (Heavy Liquid)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 Wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 Wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
Pressure Relief Valves (Gas/Vapor)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC 2
10-25 Wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 Wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC 2
Open-Ended Lines
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 Wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 Wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC 4
Compressor Seals
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 Wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
Sampling Connections
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC 4
10-25 Wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 Wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 Wt% HAP Of VOC
100 wt% HAP Of VOC 6

X 0.05
X 0.175 =
X 0.50
x 0.87
X 1.00
Subtotal
_ x 0.05 = 0.10
. X 0.175 •=
. X 0.50
. x 0.87
. X 1.00 = 2.0
Subtotal 2.10
. X 0.05
. X 0.175 =
X 0.50
X 0.87
. X 1.00 = 4.0
Subtotal 4 . 0
X 0.05 =
X 0.175 -
X 0.50
X 0.87
X 1.00
Subtotal
X 0.05 = 0.20
X 0.175 =
X 0.50
X 0.87
X 1.00 = 6.0
Subtotal 6.20

=VHL
=PRV
=OEL
=CS
=SC
                        A-20
07/29/91

-------
                   Source:Chloromethanes Process Train

CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING  HAP  EMISSIONS
     FROM EQUIPMENT LEAKS (Stratifled)(cont.«d)
Flanges
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 Wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 Wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
Annual hours process equipment
Screening Calculations
Number
Screened
Pump Seals
Light Liquid 26
Heavy Liquid
Valves
Gas/Vapor 10
Light Liquid 26
Heavy Liquid
Pressure Relief Valves
Gas /Vapor 4
Open-Ended Lines 4
Compressor Seals
Sampling Connections 10
Flanges 70
HAP Emission Calculation
PSLL X EpSTjL x H = 10.25
PSHL X EP]CHL X H =
VGV x EVGV X H = 6.2
VLL X EUTlTj X H = 16.5
VHL X E^/HJ x H -
PRV x Epov x H = 2.1
20 x 0.05 = 1.0
x 0.175 =
x 0.50
x 0.87
50 x 1.00 = 50.0
Subtotal 51.0
contains the HAP 8500
Number of Sources
Screenina fDomvl
0-1000 1000-10000 >10000


14 ~7 ~1

3 1
3 !

4 6
40 20 	 10
X 0.062 x 8500 = 5.401
X x 8500 =
X 0.0094 X 8500 = 495
X 0.019 x 8500 = 2,665
X X 8500 -
X 0.078 x 8500 - 1.392
=F
=H
Computed
Emissions*5
(per source)
ka/hr/ source
0.062 =ET>^T T

	 PSHL
0.0094 =ETT/-TT
0.019 =EVTT
	 "VljLi
	 ^VHL
0 . 078 =EI-IT>TT
	 — 	 ^PRV
0.0023 =EnFT

	 ^CS
0.0053 =E
sc
0.0079 -E^







                       A-21
07/29/91

-------
                           Source:Chloromethanea  Process Train

             CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                  FROM EQUIPMENT LEAKS (Stratified)(cont.'d)
 HAP Emission Calculation  (continued^
      OEL  X EOEL  X H =    4.0   X  0.0023  X   8500  = 	78
      CS   X ECS   X H = 	 x 	  x   8500  = 	.
      SC   x Esc   X H =    6.2   X  0.0053  x   8500  = 	279
      F    X Ep    X H =   51.0   x  0.0079  x   8500

                                HAP  Emissions

      HAP high-risk weighting factor

      Weighted HAP Emissions =  EHao FHD
                                 Hri.tr  UK

                             =  (13,700) (1)

                                         Kg/yr
 Calculation worksheet and methodology from "Procedures for Establishing
  a?I )fvar an? Post-Reduction HAP Emissions."  This procedure is consistent
 with the  methodology presented in "Protocols for Generating Unit-Specific
 Emission  Estimates for Equipment Leaks of VOC and VHAP" (EPA Publication
 No. 450/3-88-010) .

bCompute using the  stratified emission factors provided in Table 2-12-
whor.oE ^ C(£L1 *.SEF1>  + 
-------
              Source:Chloromethanes Process Train

CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP  EMISSIONS
                FROM EQUIPMENT LEAKS3
HAP: Methvlene Chloride
Year: 1987
Date: 08/20/91
Calculator: RHI
I
Process: Chloromethanes Production
•
Equipment Counts
Pump Seals (Light Liquid)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
Pump Seals (Heavy Liquid)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
Valves (Gas/Vapor)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 Wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
Valves (Light Liquid)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 Wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
Average
Total HAP
Number Wt . Frac .
x 0.05
x 0.175 =
5 x 0.50 = 2.50
x 0.87
6 x 1.00 = 6.0
Subtotal 8.50
x 0.05
x 0-175 =
X 0.50
X 0.87
X 1.00
Subtotal
X 0.05 =
4 x 0.175 = 0.70
x 0.50
x 0.87
2 x 1.00 = 2.0
Subtotal 2.70
x 0.05
4 x 0-175 = 0.70
6 x 0.50 = 3.00
x 0.87
10 x 1.00 - 10.0
Subtotal 13.70

=PSLL
=PSHL
=VGV
=VLL
                       A-23
07/29/91

-------
                   Source:Chloromethanea  Process Trai

CALCULATION  WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
           FROM EQUIPMENT LEAKS (cont.'d)
Valves (Heavy Liquid)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
Pressure Relief Valves (Gas/Vapor)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC 2
10-25 wt% HAP .of VOC
25-75 Wt% HAP Of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC 2
Open-Ended Lines
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 Wt% HAP Of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP Of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC 4
Compressor Seals
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 Wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 Wt% HAP Of VOC
75-99 Wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP Of VOC
Sampling Connections
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 Wt% HAP of VOC 4
25-75 Wt% HAP Of VOC
75-99 Wt% HAP Of VOC
100 Wt% HAP of VOC 6

X 0.05
X 0.175 -
X 0.50
X 0.87
X 1.00
Subtotal
X 0.05 = 0.10
_ X 0.175 =
X 0.50
_ X 0.87
_ X 1.00 = 2.0
Subtotal 2.10
. X 0.05
. X 0.175 =
. X 0.50
. X 0.87
. X 1.00 = 4.0
Subtotal 4.0
. x 0.05
X 0.175 -
X 0.50
X 0.87
X 1.00
Subtotal
X 0.05
X 0.175 = 0.70
X 0.50 =
X 0.87
X 1.00 = 6.0
Subtotal 6.70

=VHL
=PRV
=OEL
= CS
=SC
                        A-24
07/29/91

-------
                   Source:Chloromethanea Process Train

CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING  HAP  EMISSIONS
     FROM EQUIPMENT LEAKS (Stratified)(cont.'d)
Flanges
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 Wt% HAP of VOC-
25-75 wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
Annual hours process equipment
Screening Calculations
Number
Screened
Pump Seals
Light Liquid n
Heavy Liquid
Valves
Gas/Vapor 6
Light Liquid 20
Heavy Liquid
Pressure Relief Valves
Gas/Vapor 4
Open-Ended Lines 4
Compressor Seals
Sampling Connections 10
Flanges 60
Baseline Emission Calculation
PSLL X EPSLL x H = 8.50
PSHL x EpCHL x H =
VGV x EVGY x H = 2.70
VLL X EVTJi x H = 13.70
VHL x EVHT( x H =
PRV x Eppv x H = 2.10

10 X 0.05 = 0.50
10 x 0.175 - 1.75
x 0.50
x 0.87
40 X 1.00 = 40.0
Subtotal 42.25
contains the HAP 8500
Number of Sources
Screenincr foomv)
0-1000 1000-10000 >10000
63 2

5 i
12 6 2

3
12 1

4 6
30 20 10
X' 0.090 x 8500 - 6.502
X x 8500 -
X 0.0076 X 8500 = 174
X 0.012 x 8500 - 1.397
X x 8500 -
X 0.078 x 8500 - 1.392

=F
=H
Computed
Emissions*3
(per source)
kg/hr/ source
0.090 =EpoT T

	 PSHLi
0.0076 =ErrrTT
0.012 =EVTT

0.078 =EnnrT
	 fRV
0.0074 -E«T*T
	 — — OEL
=ECo
0.0053 -E
sc
0.0092 =EF







                       A-25
07/29/91

-------
                                Source:Chloromathanea  Process  Train


             CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                  FROM EQUIPMENT LEAKS (Stratified)(cont.'d)
Baseline
OEL
CS
SC
F
Emi
X
X
X
X
ssion
EOEL
ECS .
ESC
EF
ca
X
X
X
X
lonl
H =
H =
H =
H =
at i
4

6
42

on (conti
.0 X
X
.70 x
.25 x
HAP
0.

0.
0.
nuedl
0074 X
X
0053 x
0092 X
Emissions
8500 -
8500 -
8500 -
8500 =
(EHAP) -
252

302
3,303

13,300




kg/yr
   HAP high-risk weighting factor


   Weighted HAP Emissions =
     'HR
                                   HR


                          =  (13,300) (1)


                                      kg/yr
 Calculation worksheet and methodology from "Procedures for Establishing
 Emissions."  This procedure is consistent with the Methodology presented
 in "Protocols for Generating Unit-Specific Emission Estimates for
 Equipment  Leaks of VOC and VHAP" (EPA Publication No.  450/3-88-010).


bCompute using the stratified emission factors provided in Table 2-12-

™v,™E * C(£L1 *.SEF1>  + 
-------
              Source:Chloromethanea Process Train

CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING  HAP EMISSIONS
                FROM EQUIPMENT LEAKS3
HAP: Chloroform
Year: 1987
Date: 08/20/91

Calculator: RHH
Process: Chloromethanea Production

Equipment Counts
Pump Seals (Light Liquid)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 Wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
Pump Seals (Heavy Liquid)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
Valves (Gas/Vapor)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
Valves (Light Liquid)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC

Average
Total HAP
Number Wt . Frac .
x 0.05
X 0.175 =
5 x 0.50 = 2.50
X 0.87 =
6 x 1.00 = 6.0
Subtotal 8.50
x O.Q5
* 0.175 -
x 0.50
x 0.87
x 1.00
Subtotal
X 0.05
4 x 0.175 = 0.70
x 0.50
x 0.87
2 x 1.00 = 2.0
Subtotal 2.70.
x 0.05
4 x 0.175 = 0.70
6 x 0.50 - 3.00
X 0.87
10 X 1-00 = 10.0
Subtotal 13.70


=PSLL
=PSHL
=VGV
=VLL
                       A-27
07/29/91

-------
                    Source:Chloromethanes Process Train

CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP  EMISSIONS
            FROM EQUIPMENT LEAKS  (cont.'d)
Valves (Heavy Liquid)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt%- HAP of VOC
25-75 wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
Pressure Relief Valves (Gas/Vapor)
0 -10 Wt% HAP Of VOC 2
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 Wt% HAP Of VOC
75-99 Wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC 2
Open-Ended Lines
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 Wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC 4
Compressor Seals
0 -10 Wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 Wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 Wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 Wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
Sampling Connections
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC 4
25-75 Wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 Wt% HAP of VOC
100 Wt% HAP of VOC 6

X 0.05
X 0.175 =
X 0.50
X 0.87
X 1.00
Subtotal
_ X 0.05 = 0.10
. X 0.175 =
. X 0.50
X 0.87
. X 1.00 = 2.0
Subtotal 2 . 10
. x 0.05
X 0.175 =
x 0.50
X 0.87
. X 1.00 = 4.0
Subtotal 4.0
X 0.05
. X 0.175 =
X 0.50
X 0.87
x 1.00
Subtotal
x 0.05
X 0.175 = 0.70
X 0.50
X 0.87
X 1.00 = 6.0
Subtotal s.70

=VHL
=PRV
=OEL
= CS
=SC
                        A-28
07/29/91

-------
                   Source:Chloromethane3 Process Train

CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING  HAP  EMISSIONS
     FROM EQUIPMENT LEAKS (Stratified)(cont.«d)
Flanges
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
•10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP Of VOC
Annual hours process equipment
Screening Calculations
Number
Screened
Pump Seals .
Light Liquid n
Heavy Liquid
Valves
Gas/Vapor 6
Light Liquid 20
Heavy Liquid
Pressure Relief Valves
Gas /Vapor 4
Open-Ended Lines 4
Compressor Seals
Sampling Connections 10
Flanges 60
HAP Emission Calculation
PSLL X EPST.T. x H = 8.50
PSHL X Ep«5HTi x H =
VGV x Evnv x H = 2.70
VLL x EVT.T. x H = 13.70
VHL x EVHT x H -
PRV x Eppv x H = 2.10

10 x 0.05 = 0.50
10 . X 0.175 = 1.75
X 0.50
X 0.87
40 x 1.00 = 40.0
Subtotal 42.25
contains the HAP 8500
Number of Sources
Screen ina rppmv)
0-1000 1000-10000 >10000


5 i
12 6 2

3 1
-i- J- -^
4 6 _
30 20 10
X 0.090 x 8500 - 6.502
X x 8500 -
X 0.0076 x 8500 - 174
X 0.012 x 8500 - 1.397
X X 8500 -
X 0.078 X 85OO — 1.7O?

=F
=H
Computed
Emissions*3
(per source)
kg/hr/source
0.090 =Er~LL

	 EPSHL
0.0076 =ETTS*TT
0.012 — ETTT T

	 	 EVHL
0.078 =EpTjTT
0.0074 =EQrT
	 p
	 ^CS
0.0053 =F
sc
0.0092 =EF



                       A-29
07/29/91

-------
                                Source:Chloromethanea Process Train

             CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                  FROM EQUIPMENT LEAKS (Stratifled)(cont.»d)
 HAP Emission Calculation  (continued!
      OEL  X EOEL  X H =    4.0   x   0.0074  x  8500  =     252
      CS   x Ecs   X H = 	  x 	  x  8500  = 	
      SC   x Esc   X H =    6.70  x   O.OOS3  x  8500  =     302
      F    X Ep    X H =   42.25 X   0.0092 x  8500  =  3.303

                              HAP Emissions  (Ej^p) =  13,300  kg/yr
  HAP high-risk weighting factor                    	i    = FUT5
                                                                  fir\

  Weighted HAP Emissions = EHaD  FHt>
                             tine   tlK

                          = (13,300) (1)

                                      kg/yr
 Calculation worksheet and methodology from "Procedures for Establishing
 Base Year  and Post-Reduction HAP Emissions."  This procedure is consistent
 with the Methodology presented in "Protocols for Generating Unit-Specific
 Emission Estimates for Equipment Leaks of VOC and VHAP" (EPA Publication
 No. 450/3-88-010).

bCompute using the  stratified emission factors provided in Table 2-12-
w*-r. E ^ [(SL1 *.SEF1>  + 
-------
              Source:Chloromethanea Process Train

CALCULATION WORKSHEET  FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                FROM EQUIPMENT LEAKSa
HAP: Carbon Tetrachloride
Year: 1987
Process: Chloromethanes Production

Equipment Counts
Total
Number
Pump Seals (Light Liquid)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC 2
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 Wt% HAP of VOC 3
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC 4
Pump Seals (Heavy Liquid)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 Wt% HAP Of VOC
25-75 Wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
Valves (Gas /Vapor)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC 2
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 wt% HAP of VOC 2
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC 2
Valves (Light Liquid)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 Wt% HAP of VOC 2
25-75 Wt% HAP of VOC 2
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP Of VOC 4

Date: 08/20/91
Calculator: RHH

Average
HAP
Wt . Frac .
X 0.05 = 0.10
X 0.175 =
X 0.50 = 1.50
X 0.87
X 1.00 = 4.0
Subtotal 5.60 =PSLL
X 0.05
X 0.175 =
X 0.50
X 0.87
X 1.00
Subtotal =PSHL
X 0.05 = 0.10
X 0.175 =
X 0.50 = 1.00
X 0.87
X 1.00 = 2.00
Subtotal 3.10 =VGV
x 0.05
X 0.175 = 0.35
X 0.50 = 1.00
X 0.87
X 1.00 = 4.00
Subtotal 5.35 =VLL

                       A-31
07/29/91

-------
                   Source:Chloromethanea Process Train

CALCULATION  WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
           FROM EQUIPMENT LEAKS (cont.«d)
Valves (Heavy Liquid)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP Of VOC
25-75 Wt% HAP Of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
Pressure Relief Valves (Gas/Vapor)
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC 2
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 Wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC 2
Open-Ended Lines
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 Wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 Wt% HAP Of VOC
75-99 wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC 2
Compressor Seals
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 Wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 Wt% HAP Of VOC
100 Wt% HAP Of VOC
Sampling Connections
0 -10 wt% HAP of VOC 2
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 Wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 Wt% HAP Of VOC
100 Wt% HAP of VOC

X 0.05
X 0.175 =
X 0.50
X 0.87
X 1.00
Subtotal
x 0.05 = 0.10
_ x 0.175 =
_ X 0.50
. X 0.87
X 1.00 - 2.00
Subtotal 2 . 10
. x 0.05
. X 0.175 -
. X 0.50
X 0.87
. X 1.00 = 2.00
Subtotal 2.00
. x 0.05
x 0.175 -
x 0.50
X 0.87
X 1.00
Subtotal
X 0.05 = 0.10
X 0.175 =
X 0.50
X 0.87
X 1.00
Subtotal 0.10

=VHL
=PRV
=OEL
= CS
=SC
                        A-32
07/29/91

-------
                   Source:Chloromethanea Process Train

CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
     FROM EQUIPMENT LEAKS (Stratified)(cont.«d)
Flanges
0 -10 Wt% HAP of VOC
10-25 wt% HAP of VOC
25-75 Wt% HAP of VOC
75-99 Wt% HAP of VOC
100 wt% HAP of VOC
Annual hours process equipment
Screening Calculations
Number
Screened i
Pump Seals
Light Liquid 9
Heavy Liquid
Valves
Gas/Vapor 6
Light Liquid 8
Heavy Liquid
Pressure Relief Valves
Gas/Vapor 4
Open-Ended Lines 2
Compressor Seals
Sampling Connections 2
Flanges 26
HAP Emission Calculation
PSLL X EDCT.T. X H = 5.60
PSHL X EDCUT X H -
••" •"• "BVIM^j »»• **
VGV x EVr=v X H = 3.10
VLL x EVT.T. X H = 5.35
VHL X ETTOT X H —
* '"-1 A "VHTj A. n
PRV x EpRV x H = 2.10

20 x 0.05 = l.'OO
X 0.175 =
X 0.50
x 0.87
6 x 1.00 = 6.00
Subtotal 7.00
contains the HAP 8500
Number of Sources
Screening fcomv)
0-1000 1000-10000 >10000
5 2 1


61 i

3 1
2

I i
14 7 5
X 0.106 x 8500 = 5,046
X 8500 —
X 0.0076 X 8500 = 900
X 0.012 X 8500 - *4«
X x 8500 =
X 0.078 x 8500 = 1.392

=F
=H
Computed
Emissions*3
(per source)
kg /hr/ source
0. 106 =Eiic>T T
	 PSLL
	 '•'PSHL
0.0076 =ETT/~TT
0.012 -ETTTT
— -f
	 ^VHL
0.078 =EnnTT
	 PRV
0.00876 ='Em->T

	 ^CS
0.019 =E
sc
0.010 -Ep





                       A-33
07/29/91

-------
                                Source:Chloromethanea  Process Train

             CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                  FROM EQUIPMENT LEAKS (Stratified)(cont.«d)
 HAP Emission Calculation  ^continued)
      OEL  X EOEL  X H =    2.00  x  0.00876  x  8500  =     149
      CS   X Ecs   X H = 	  x  	  x  8500  = ^HH
      SC   X Esc   X H =    0.10  X   0.019   x  8500  =     16
      F    X EF    X H =    7.00  x   0.010   x  8500  =     595
                             HAP Emissions  (Ej^p)  =   7,944   kg/yr
      HAP high-risk weighting factor

      Weighted HAP Emissions = E^p  FHR

                             = (7,944) (1)

                                         kg/yr
acalculation worksheet and methodology from "Procedures for Establishing
 X"5J2£;  i  T51S Procedure is consistent with the Methodology presented
 in "Protocols for Generating Unit-Specific Emission Estimates for
 Equipment Leaks of VOC and VHAP" (EPA Publication No.  450/3-88-010) .

bCompute using the stratified emission factors provided in Table 2-12-
«H™  * [(2L* *.SEF1>  + 
-------
       CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                      FROM LOADING OPERATIONS
HAP; Methvlene chloride            Date;  08/20/91
Year:  1987                          Calculator;  RHH
Loading  Operation:   XLOl/Methylene Chloride/Chloroform Rail Car
                     Loading


Loading  Parameters

Cargo carrier  (tank  truck,  rail  car,  etc.)    rail  car
Mode of operation  (choose  from Table  2-16)    submerged loading
Annual volume  of liquid  loaded (gallons)           6.970.000   = G
Temperature  of liquid  loaded  (°F)                      70	 = T
Weight percent HAP  in  the  loaded material             100	
True vapor pressure of the HAP loaded (psia)       	4.3    = P
 [Note: For  mixtures,  use  the  HAP partial
  pressure]
Molecular weight of the  HAP  (Ib/lb-mole)              119.4    = M
Saturation factor  (see Table 2-16)                 	0.60   = s
HAP high-risk  weighting  factor                    	i    = PUD
                                                   ~~^^^—^^^^—    tlK
Control

Control device                                       none
HAP control  efficiency (%)                             N/A   = eff

Calculation3
Uncontrolled Loading Loss Eu = 5.65E-06 s P M G
                                T + 460

Uncontrolled Loading Loss Eu = 5.65E-06 (0.601(7.4)(BS)(6.970.000^
                                   (70) + 460
                                     Mg/yr

     HAP Emissions (E^p) = Eu (l - eff/100)

                          = 22.9 (1 - 0/100)

                                      Mg/yr
                               A-35                07/29/91

-------
       CALCULATION WORKSHEET  FOR  ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                FROM LOADING OPERATIONS (CONCLUDED)
Calculation (continued)

     Weighted HAP Emissions = Ejj^^p FHP

                             = (22.9)  (l)

                                          Mg/yr
Calculation worksheet and procedure from "Procedures for
 Establishing Emissions."  This procedure is consistent with AP-42
                               A-36                07/29/91

-------
       CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                      FROM LOADING OPERATIONS
HAP:  Chloroform
Year;  1987
    Date: 08/20/91
    Calculator:
Loading  Operation:   XLOl/Methylene Chloride/Chloroform Rail Car
                     Loading
Loading  Parameters

Cargo  carrier  (tank  truck,  rail car,  etc.)
Mode of  operation  (choose  from Table  2-16)
Annual volume  of liquid  loaded (gallons)
Temperature  of liquid  loaded  (°F)
Weight percent HAP in  the  loaded material
True vapor pressure  of the  HAP loaded (psia)
  [Note:  For  mixtures,  use the  HAP partial
  pressure]
Molecular weight of  the  HAP (Ib/lb-mole)
Saturation factor  (see Table 2-13)
HAP high-risk  weighting  factor

Control

Control  device
HAP control  efficiency (%)

Calculation5•
              tank truck
              submerged  loading
                    6,970.000   =  G
                       70	 =  T
                      100	
                        7.4
                       85
                        0.60
                      None
                       N/A
_ = M
  _. C

 = FHR
 = ef f
Uncontrolled Loading Loss Eu =


Uncontrolled Loading Loss Eu =
5.65E-06 S P M G
         T + 460
5.65E-06f0.601 (7.4)(BS)(6.970.000)
              (70)  + 460
                                     Mg/yr

     HAP Emissions (EHAP) = Eu (1 - eff/100)

                          = 28.0 (1 - 0/100)

                                      Mg/yr
                               A-37
                   07/29/91

-------
       CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                FROM LOADING OPERATIONS (CONCLUDED)
Calculation  (continued)

     Weighted  HAP Emissions
~ EHAP FHP

= (28.0)  (1)
                                          Mg/yr
Calculation worksheet and procedure  from  "Procedures  for
 Establishing Emissions."   This  procedure  is consistent with
 AP-42.
                               A-38
                     07/29/91

-------
        CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTIMATING HAP EMISSIONS
                     FROM LOADING OPERATIONS
 HAP;Methvlene Chloride
 Year;  1987 —
                                   Date; 08/20/91
                                   Calculator;  RHH
Loading Operation:  XL02/Methylene Chloride/ Chloroform Tank  Truck
                    Loading
 Loading Parameters

 Cargo  carrier (tank truck,  rail car,  etc.)
 Mode of operation (choose from Table  2-16)
 dedicated  normal  service.
                                             rail ear
                         _ _
Annual volume of  liquid  loaded  (gallons)
Temperature of liquid  loaded  (°F)
Mole percent HAP  in the  loaded material
True vapor pressure of the HAP loaded  (psia)
 [Note: For mixtures,  use the HAP partial
  pressure]
Molecular weight  of the  HAP (Ib/lb-mole)
Saturation factor (see Table 2-16)
HAP high-risk weighting  factor

Control

Control device
HAP control efficiency (%)

Calculation5
                                             10. OOP. OOP
                                                 70
                                                  7.4
                                                 as
                                                   0.60
                                                None
                                                 N/A
                                                          = T

                                                          = P
                                                         = s
                                                            u_
                                                            HR
                                                         _ eff
Uncontrolled Loading Loss =
Uncontrolled Loading Loss =
                            5.65E-06  S  P  M  G
                                     T  +  460
    HAP Emissions
                            5.65E-06  (0.60) f?.4i (851
                                        (70)  +  460
                                      Mg/yr
                         = Eu  (l - eff/ 100)

                         = 40.2 (1 - 0/100)

                                     Mg/yr
                               A-39
                                                 07/29/91

-------
        CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                FROM LOADING OPERATIONS  (CONCLUDED)
Calculation  (continued^
     Weighted  HAP Emissions = E    FHP
                             = (40.2)  (1)


                                         Mg/yr
Calculation worksheet and procedure  from  "Procedures  for
 Establishing Emissions."   This  procedure  is consistent with
 AP-42.
                               A-40                07/29/91

-------
       CALCULATION WORKSHEET  FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                      FROM LOADING OPERATIONS
HAP ; Chloroform
Year: 1987
                                   Date;  08/20/91
                                   Calculator;  RHH
Loading Operating:
                    XL02/Methylene Chloride/ Chloroform Tank Truck
                    Loading
Loading Parameters

Cargo carrier  (tank truck, rail car, etc.)
Mode of operation (choose from Table 2-16)
dedicated normal service
                                             tank truck
                                             submerged loading;
                                              1.990.000
                                                 70
                                                100
                                                  4.3
                                                119.4
                                                  0.60
                                                None
                                                 N/A
                                                           G
                                                           T
                                                         = M
                                                         = S
Annual  volume of liquid loaded (gallons)
Temperature of liquid loaded (°F)
Weight  percent HAP in the loaded material
True vapor  pressure of the HAP loaded (psia)
  [Note:  For mixtures,  use the  HAP partial
  pressure]
Molecular weight of the HAP (Ib/lb-mole)
Saturation  factor (see Table 2-16)
HAP high-risk weighting factor

Control

Control  device
HAP control  efficiency (%)                       N/A      = eff

Calculation3

Uncontrolled  Loading Loss =  5.65E-06  S P M G
                                      T + 460

Uncontrolled'Loading Loss =  5.65E-06  fQ.60W4.awii9.4 wi.ago,
                                             (70) + 460
    HAP Emissions
                                      Mg/yr


                           Eu  (1 - eff/100)

                           6.5  (1 - 0/100)

                                       Mg/yr
                              A-41
                                                 07/29/91

-------
       CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS

                FROM LOADING OPERATIONS (CONCLUDED)
Calculation  (continued^


     Weighted  HAP Emissions
                                         Mg/yr
Calculation worksheet and  procedure  from "Procedures for
 Establishing Emissions."   This procedure is consistent with
 AP-42.
A-42
                                                 07/29/91

-------
        CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                       FROM WASTEWATER SOURCES
 HAPrMethanol	Date; 05/20/91
 Year:  1987                         Calculator:
 Wastewater Stream Identification; XWWOl


                   DeSCriPtion: Waate aeid fr°* th« m«thyl chloride
 Process Condit ions / Samp T i ng

 Date of flow measurement                                 04/24/91
 Method of flow measurement           __ __      -
 Date of concentration measurement                       04/24/91
 Method of concentration measurement   Method 25D/18    ~   -
 Production rate during flow determination  (Ibs/hr)       42.000
 Production rate during sampling (Ibs/hr)                 42 ooo
 Average production rate during base year  (Ibs/hr)        47.000

 Stream Characteristics

 Average flow rate during discharge  (1pm)         100         = o
 HAP  concentration (mg/1)                        3000 -     = £
 Annual hours of stream flow (hrs)               i~500 -     = „
 HAP  high-risk weighting factor                  3.    —

 Control
~ FHR
Control device                                  None
HAP control efficiency  (%)                      N/A          = eff

Calculations3

Wastewater Emissions Potential  (WEU) = p.63 O c H
                                        1.67E07.


Wastewater Emissions Potential  (WEU) = 0.63 floowaooowasoo)
                                            1.67E07

                                           96.2     Mg/yr
                               A-43                07/29/91

-------
        CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                 FROM WASTEWATER SOURCES  (CONCLUDED)
Potential HAP  Emissions
                                     = WEU (1 - eff/100)

                                     = 96.2 (1 - 0/100)

                                                 Mg/yr
     Weighted HAP Potential Emissions
                                                HP
                                       = (96.2)  (1)
                                                   Mg/yr
Calculation worksheet and procedure from  "Procedures  for
 Establishing  Emissions".
                               A-44
                                            07/29/91

-------
       CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                      FROM WASTEWATER SOURCES
HAP;Methvl Chloride
 Year; 1987
                                   Date; 08/20/91
                                   Calculator :_RIffl
Wastewater Stream Identification; XWWOl

Wastewater Stream Description; Waste acid from the methvl chloride
drvina tower _ _
 Process Conditions /Sampling

 Date of flow measurement
 Method of flow measurement
 Date of concentration measurement
 Method of concentration measurement
 Production rate during flow determination  (Ibs/hr)
 Production rate during sampling (Ibs/hr)
 Average production rate during base  year  (Ibs/hr)

 Stream Characteristics
                                      Method 2SD/18
                                               1000
                                               8SOO
Average  flow rate during discharge  (1pm)
HAP concentration (mg/1)
Annual hours of stream flow  (hrs)
HAP high-risk weighting factor

Control

Control device
HAP control efficiency (%)

Calculations3

Wastewater Emissions Potential (WEU) = 0.63 O c H
                                        1.67E07
                                                100
                                               None
                                                N/A
                                                        04/24/91
                                                        04/24/91
                                                        42.000
                                                        42.000
                                                        47.000
                                                            = Q
                                                              H
                                                               HR
                                                            _ eff
Wastewater Emissions Potential (WEU) = 0.63
                                                 fioooi
32
.1
                                            1.67E07

                                                  Mg/yr
                               A-45
                                                 07/29/91

-------
        CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
                 FROM WASTEWATER SOURCES (CONCLUDED)
Calculations fcontinuedl


      Potential HAP Emissions
= .WEU (1 - eff/100)


= 32.1 (1 - 0/100)


            Mg/yr
     Weighted Potential HAP Emissions
    EHAP  FHP

    (32.1)  (1)
                                                   Mg/yr
aCalculation worksheet and procedure from  "Procedures  for
 Establishing  Emissions."
                               A-46
             07/29/91

-------
              EVIDENCE THAT BASE YEAR EMISSIONS WERE
                         NOT USUALLY HIGH

Emissions are believed to be most directly related to production
rate.  Production rate during the base year was 180,000 Mg of
chloromethanes.  Production rates in other years are provided
below:

               1986           170,000 Mg
               1988           185,000 Mg
               1989           175,000 Mg
               1990           175,000 Mg
                              A-47               07/29/91

-------
                   SOURCE IDENTIFYING INFORMATION
 Company Name:
 Address:
 City/State/Zip:

 Responsible Official:
 Telephone Number:

 Source:

 General Source Description:
 XYZ Company
 100 XYZ Street
Activity Which  Causes
HAP Emissions:
        North Carolina  27704
Joe Chemical _ . _
 (919)555-1000 _

South Tank Farm _

The source is defined as the set of
emission points associated with the
South Tank Farm.  This includes two
fixed-roof carbon tetrachloride
storage tanks and two floating roof
benzene storage tanks.

The source, as defined for purposes
of the early reduction program,
conforms to §63.73 (a) (3) ,   The
South Tank Farm is considered an
installation.   All emission points
included in the source definition
are similar and are physically
related to one another.
                               HAP  are  emitted  from  the  source  as
                               a  result of  breathing, working,  and
                               seal losses.
                                 A-48
                        07/29/91

-------
                        BASE YEAR EMISSIONS
Source:  South Tank Farm

Base Year:  1987

Emission. Points:
 ID


STF01



STF02



STF03


STF04
   Description

Carbon Tetrachloride
  Storage Tank

Carbon Tetrachloride
  Storage Tank

Benzene Storage Tank

Benzene Storage Tank

          TOTAL
   Base Year Emission  (Mg/yr)
Total HAP     Weighted HAP
   6.72



   6.72



   0.31


   0.31

  14.1
 6.72



 6.72



 3.1


 3.1

19.6
                                A-49
                                            07/29/91

-------
        GENERAL PLAN FOR ACHIEVING THE REQUIRED REDUCTION
ID
STF01

STF02

STF03

STF04
     Description
Carbon Tetrachloride
 Storage Tank
Carbon Tetrachloride
 storage Tank
Benzene Storage Tank
Benzene Storage Tank
     Control
Internal Floating
 Roof
Internal Floating
 Roof
Route Vent To
 Incinerator
Route Vent To
 Incinerator
                                 A-50
                                       07/29/91

-------
                                    Source:South Tank Farm

       CALCULATION  WORKSHEET  FOR  ESTABLISHING  HAP  EMISSIONS
                   FROM FIXED ROOF STORAGE TANKS
 HAP;  Carbon Tetrachloride	            Date;  08/20/91

 Year:_1987	                           Calculator;   RHH

 Tank  designation;  STF01/STF02	

 Product:  Carbon Tetrachloride	


 Tank  Characteristics
   Inside diameter,  (ft)                           27	   =D
                                                  24	
                             ..._     • i          100.oon
                         4         ft3
 •^ • • *~ -^ **• *»  «M ^ W»*l»*Mi W ^^ •Mm f  \ Am \f I                           & i

 Height,  (ft)                                    24          =HT

 Capacity,  (gal)  = n  £  k *  7.48 3*1  /          lOO.ooo       =v
     if  not  known
  Roof  color 	white
   Shell  color _ white _
   Vapor  space 'height,  (ft)a                       12 _   =H

Ambient  Conditions

   Average  atmospheric  pressure  (psia)             14.7        =p
     (defaults 14.7  psia)                                       A
   Average  ambient diurnal temperature             20          =A™
     (OF)TD                                    -   «T

   Average  annual ambient  temperature              70          =T,
     (°F)                                      -    A

Bulk Liquid Characteristics

   Stored liquid temperature  (°F)C                 70 _  =f
   Total throughput  per year  (gal)             1.200.000      =A
                                             .
Number of turnovers per year"              _ 12
                                                              N
                                                               M
                                             _   _
  Molecular weight of vapor  (Ib/lb mole)        154            T
  Mole percent of HAP                           100
  Partial pressure of the HAP at liquid           2.2        =p
    conditions (psia)

Adjustment Factors
Paint factor (see Table 2-3)
Small diameter tank factor6
Turnover factorf
Product factor"?
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0

=Fr
=C
=KN
=KC

                                 A-51                   07/29/91

-------
                                    Source:South Tank Farm
       CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
             FROM FIXED ROOF STORAGE TANKS (continued)
 Baseline Control
   Control device   None
  HAP control  efficiency (%)

Calculations

Breathing Loss

  LB = 1.02E-05MV
                                                    N/A
                                  =eff
                    Mg/yr
Working  Loss (Mg/yr)  = Ly = 1.09E-08 MVPVNKNKC

                      = 1.09E-08 (154) (2.2) (100,000) (12) (1) (1)
4.43
                                    Mg/yr
Total Loss  (Mg/yr)  =

  TL = LB + LW   =  (2.29)  + (4.43)  =
                6.72
                                                   Mg/yr
If a control device  is  employed,

  Base year emission (Mg/yr)   = Total Loss  (l - eff/100)

                               =   6.72     (1 -  0 7100)
                                         Mg/yr
                                 A-52
                            07/29/91

-------
                                    Source:South Tank Farm
           CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR BASELINE EMISSIONS
             FROM FIXED ROOF STORAGE TANKS (concluded)
Calculation  (Continued!

       Weighted  HAP  Emissions  = Ej^p FHP

                               = (6.72)  (l)

                                          Mr/yr
 If vapor space height  is unknown  for  shell,  assume  H equals one
 half tank height.   If  tank has  a  cone roof,  adjust  vapor space
 height by adding  1/3 of height  of cone.

 If average ambient  diurnal temperature change is unknown,  assume
 20°F.

GStored liquid temperature may be  approximated from  average
annual   ambient temperature.  See Table 2-2.

dN = AN
          where  N = number of turnovers per  year
                AN = total throughput  per year (gal)
                 V = tank capacity (gal)

eFor D > 30ft, C=l; For 6 < D <  30ft,  C=0.0771D-0.0013D2-0.1334.

fFor turnovers > 36, KN = (180 + N)/(6 * N)
           where KN = turnover factor  (dimensionless)
                  N = number of turnovers per year
 For turnovers < 36, KN = l

    =1.0 for volatile organic liquids
                                 A-53                   07/29/91

-------
                                    Source:South Tank Farm
           CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR BASELINE  EMISSIONS
             FROM INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF STORAGE TANKS
HAP:—Benzene	              Date;   08/20/91
 Year;  1987                              Calculator;  RHH
 Tank designation;  STF03/STFQ4	
 Product:  Benzene	
Tank  Characteristics

  Inside  diameter,  (ft)                      27 _       = D
  Rim Seal  type: _
  Number  of columns3                    _ 1 _       = N
  Effective column  diameter  (ft)b        _ i.o          = FP
Ambient Conditions

  Average atmosphe
  Average annual ambient temperature
  Average atmospheric  pressure  (psia)       14.7          = p
     I *)                                     70	      = T

Bulk Liquid Characteristics

  Stored liquid temperature  (°F)             70	      = T
  Total throughput per year  (bbl/yr)
     [Note: 42 gal/bbl]                    28.570          = Q
  Molecular weight of HAP  (Ib/lb -mole)     78	      = MV
  True vapor pressure at bulk liquid
    conditions (psia)                    	1.9	      _ p
  HAP liquid density  (Ib/gal)                7.0          = w

Factors

  Rim seal loss factor (Ib mole/ft yr) ;
    obtain from Table 2-4                    2.5          = K
  Product factor  (dimensionless)              i.o          = KJ!
  Shell clinage factor (bbl/1000 ft2) ;
    obtain from Table 2-9                    Q.QIS         _ c
  Deck fitting loss factor                  92.4          = F
  Deck seam loss factor                  	034          =K
    (Ib-mole/ft yr)d                     	        D
  Deck seam length factor;                   0.20          =p
  obtain from Table 2-7                                     D
                                 A-54                  07/29/91

-------
        CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
       FROM INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF  STORAGE TANKS (CONTINUED)
                      None
Control

Control Device
Control HAP  Efficiency (%)                    _

Calculations6

P* = 0.068 P/C  (1  +  (1 - 0.068 P)°-5)2)
   = 0.068 (1.9)/((1  + (1 - 0.068 (1.9))°-5)2) =
                                                  N/A
eff
                                                            psia
   =  f 0.94 3^ OCWL  [1 + (MCFC)]/2205

   =  (0.943) (28.7501 (0.01S) (^^ [^ +   (j) m]/22Q5  =
                (27)
                                        (27)
LR = KR  D P* MVKC/2205 = (2.5)(27)(0.035)(78)(1)/2205 =
LF = FF  P*  MVKC/2205 = (92.4)  (0.035) (78)  (1)/2205  =
LD = KDFD°2  p*  MVKC/2205 = (0.34) (0.20) (27)2(0.035) (78) (1)/2205
Uncontrolled  Emission  Eu = LR + Lw + LF + LD
                          = (0.084)+(0.050)+(0.114) +  (0.061)
                                   Mg/yr
     HAP Emission  (EHAp)  =  Eu (1 - eff/100)

                          =  0.31  (1 - 0/100)

                                      Mg/yr
                                 A-55
                                                       07/29/91

-------
       CALCULATION WORKSHEET FOR ESTABLISHING HAP EMISSIONS
       FROM INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF STORAGE TANKS  (CONCLUDED)
      Weighted HAP Emissions = E^^p  FHP
                               (0.31) (10)

                                         Mg/yr
aFor  self -supported fixed roof or external floating roof tank,
 Nc = o.   If Nc is unavailable,  see Table 2-6.

blf Fc  is  unavailable;
    Fc  = 1.1 for 9 inch by 7 inch built-up columns;
         0.7 for 8 inch diameter pipe column;
         1.0 if column construction details are not known

CFF is  determined using Table 2-10 and the following calculation
d
 KD = 0.0 for welded deck  and  0.34  for  non-welded deck.

Calculation worksheet and procedures from  "Procedures for
              Emissions-"   These procedures are consistent with
                                 A-56                   07/29/91

-------
                EVIDENCE THAT BASE YEAR EMISSIONS
                      WERE NOT UNUSUALLY HIGH


The most significant variable affecting emissions from these
storage tanks is annual throughput.  The combined throughputs  were
2.4 million gallons for carbon tetrachloride and benzene,
respectively, in the base year.  Throughputs in other years  were
as follows:
                        Carbon
                     Tetrachloride                Benzene
                       (106 gal)                 (106 gal)

1986                     ~3                      T~3
1988                     2.5                      2.4
1989                     2.2                      2.1
1990                     2.4                      2.2
                              A-57                      07/29/91

-------
       APPENDIX B

 REVIEWER CHECKLISTS FOR
ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENTS
                               07/29/91

-------
                ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENT
                         OVERALL CHECKLIST
 Company Name
 Source	
A.  KEY DATES

                 Date submittal received.


                 Deadline for completeness review (30 days from receipt of the
                 enforceable commitment).

                 Deadline for review of base year emissions (60 days from
                 completeness determination).

                 Closing date for the public comment period (30 days from
                 determination that the base year emission submittal is approvable
                 or may be extended to 60 days if requested by interested party)


                 Date of public hearing - if requested.
B. COMPLETENESS REVIEW

Yes    No

D    D
1.    Did both the EPA Region and the State receive a copy of the
     enforceable commitment?
n    D    2.


D    D    3.


D    D    4.
     Did the OGC and ESD Early Reduction Officers receive a copy of
     the enforceable commitment?

     Was the "Checklist for Completeness Review" completed and were
     all responses "Yes"

     Was the applicant notified that the enforceable commitment is
     complete/incomplete.  If the submittal is incomplete was the
     applicant provided a list of deficiencies? [STOP HERE IF THE
     SUBMITTAL IS INCOMPLETE]
                                 B-1
                                                 07/29/91

-------
 Yes    No
                 ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENT
                      OVERALL CHECKLIST (cont.'d)
 das.    Was the data for the complete enforceable commitment entered
                  into the ERPTRAX.

 D     D     6.    Was an announcement made in the Federal Register that- a
                  complete base year emission submittal was received from the
                  source?  [Place a copy of the notice in the file.]

 C.  APPROVAL OF BASE YEAR EMISSIONS
             1.     Was the "Checklist for Baseline Approval of Emissions Data"
                  completed for each emission point and were all responses to
                  section B or C (as appropriate) "Yes".

             2.     Was the applicant notified that  the base year emissions are judged
                  approvable/disapproved.  If the submittal was disapproved, was
                  the applicant provided a list of  deficiencies  and errors?  [STOP
                  HERE IF THE SUBMITTAL IS DISAPPROVED]

            3.     Was a public notice published in the local newspaper where.the
                  source is located, providing the aggregate  base year emissions
                  proposed for approval? [Place a copy of the notice in the file and
                  record the closing date for the  comment period above.]

            4.     In view of public comments received during the comment period,
                  was the applicant notified of approval/disapproval?  If public
                  comments warrant revision of the base year emissions, were
                  errors and deficiencies identified in the notice.
D.  ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENT

            1.     Does the statement of commitment include:

ED          a.    A Post control emission level for total hazardous air
                       pollutant emissions that represents a 90 (95) percent
                       reduction in base year emissions;
                                   B-2                         07/29/91

-------
Yes    No
                ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENT
                    OVERALL CHECKLIST (cont.'d)
                 b.    A post control emission level for hazardous air pollutants
                      adjusted for high-risk pollutants that represents a 90 (95)
                      percent reduction in base year emissions that are also
                      adjusted for high-risk pollutants;

           2.    Based on a review of the general plan for achieving required
                 reductions in hazardous air pollutant emissions, is it conceivable
                 that the required post-control emission level can be achieved?

           3.    Was the applicant notified that the enforceable commitment is
                 accepted?
REVIEWING AGENCY
REVIEWER	
DATE	
                                 B-3                        07/29/91

-------
                 ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENT
               CHECKLIST FOR COMPLETENESS REVIEW
Company Name
Source	
            A. PLANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION
 Yes    NO

OO          1.     Is adequate facility identifying information provided?

                        a.    Name and address of the source.

                        b.    Name and telephone number of the source owner or
                             operator or other responsible official.

n    D          2.     Is a complete description of the source provided, including:

Od                a.    A site plan of the contiguous area under common
                             control which contains the source.

On                b.    Markings on the site plan locating the building,
                             structure, facility, or installation that constitutes the
                             source.

n    n                c.    A description of the activity at the source which
                             causes hazardous and  pollutant emissions.

      H                d.    A list of all emission points of hazardous air
                             pollutants in the source.

      n                e.    Evidence that the source conforms to one of the
                             allowable source definitions.  (See Source Checklist).

            B.     BASE  YEAR EMISSIONS

      n          1.     Is the base year indicated?  If  1985 or 1986, is evidence
                       provided that emission data for one of these years provided
                       to the Administrator before November 15, 1990.
                                   B-4                        07/29/91

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                ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENT
       CHECKLIST FOR COMPLETENESS REVIEW (Continued)
Yes    No
     D          2.     Are base year emissions provided for each HAP from each
                       emission point?

     O          3.     Is a total base year emissions of hazardous air pollutant
                       emissions from the source provided?

     D          4.     Is a total base year emissions adjusted for high-risk
                       hazardous air pollutant emissions provided?

     n          6.     Is the supporting basis provided for each emission estimate
                       (each HAP from each emission point)?

                       a.    For estimates based on test results:

     n                     1.     A description of the test protocol followed and
                                  any problems encountered during testing.

     O                     2.     A discussion of the validity of the method used
                                  for measuring the subject  emissions.

     n                     3.     A record of the test results.

                      b.    For estimates based on calculations:

     O                     1.     A rationale for not conducting a source test
                                  and the validity of the calculation.

     O                     2.     A step-by-step description of the calculations
                                  including assumptions.

     D         7.    Are base year emissions within  allowable emission levels
                      specified in any air pollution control laws or regulations
                      applicable to the base year?

     n         8.    Is evidence provided that the base year emissions are not
                      artificially or substantially greater than emissions in years
                      prior to the base year?


                                  B-5                         07/29/91

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 Yes

 D
 D


 D


 n
                 ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENT
        CHECKLIST FOR COMPLETENESS REVIEW (Continued)
No

D



D
C.    ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENT


      1.    Is a general plan for achieving the required hazardous air
           pollutant emission reductions at the source provided?

      2.    Is a statement of commitment signed by a responsible
           official of the source provided, including:

           a.    The Post control emission level for total hazardous
                 air pollutant emissions.-

           b.    The post control emissions adjusted for high-risk
                 hazardous air pollutant emissions.

           c.    A statement certifying that the base year emission
               -  estimates submitted constitute the best available
                 estimates.

           d.    A statement of understanding that the base year
                 emission estimates constitute a response to an EPA
                 request under the authority of §114.
      D
                 e.    A statement committing the source owner or
                      operator to achieving the required post-control levels
                      by January 1, 1994.
Reviewing Agency
Reviewer	
Date Reviewed
                                  B-6
                                                       07/29/91

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                ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENT
                   SOURCE DEFINITION CHECKLIST
 COMPANY NAME
 SOURCE
    If the answer to any of the following questions is yes, you may stop filling
 out the questionnaire. A yes answer to any of the following questions qualifies
 the source as meeting the definition of source.
 YES  NO

 D    D

 a    n
      n
1.

2.


3.
REVIEWING AGENCY
REVIEWER	
DATE
Does the source emit greater than 10 tons/year of HAP?

Does the source emit greater than 5 tons/year of HAP at a
facility that emits less than 25 tons/year of HAP?

Is the source defined as the entire contiguous facility under
common ownership or control?
4.     Is the source a facility, building, structure or installation and

      a)    Are the emission points functionally related (e.g., are
           all emission points from a process unit or do all
           emission points have similar purpose)?

      b)    are all the emission points geographically related?

5.     Is the source defined as a source in Appendix B of the
      regulation (e.g., equipment leaks from the HON)?
                                 B-7
                                            07/29/91

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               ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENT
         CHECKLIST FOR APPROVAL OF EMISSIONS DATA
THIS CHECKLIST IS TO BE COMPLETED FOR EACH EMISSION
POINT OR GROUP OF EMISSION POINTS FOR WHICH A SINGLE
EMISSION RATE IS REPORTED.
COMPANY NAME
SOURCE	
EMISSION POINT
A. SUPPORTING DATA

YES NO
               1 •    Was a validated test method used to establish base year
                    emissions? [If "yes", move on to section B.]

               2.    Was some other method used due to: [If "yes" to any of the
                    following, skip section B and move to section C]

                    a)   lack of a test method,

                    b)   the economic or technical infeasibility of testing,

                    c)   the demonstration that emission data based on
                         engineering principles, emission factors, or material
                         balances are as accurate as results gained through
                         testing,

                    d)   the emissions from this emission point are
                         insignificant compared to total emissions from
                         source, or

                    e)   the base year condition no longer exists?
                               B-8                      07/29/91

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                ENFORCEABLE COMMITMENT
    CHECKLIST FOR APPROVAL OF EMISSIONS DATA (Continued)
 B.  TEST DATA

 YES   NO
                 1.     Is a description of the test protocol and any problems
                       encountered during testing included?
On          2.    Was the test method appropriate for the source and
                       pollutants tested?

OO          3.    Are emissions reported as annual emission rates for each
                       hazardous air pollutant?

OO          4.    Is the annual emission rate presented consistent with the
                       test results?

Od          5.    If the test data was collected from a year different from the
                       base year was the data appropriately scaled to the base
                       year?

On          6.    Are the pollutants emitted consistent with the described
                       process?

E    Q          ?•    Are the quantities emitted consistent with the quantities
                       expected based on a rough material balance or comparison
                       with similar industries?

C. CALCULATION METHODS

OD          1 •     Is the rationale for not conducting tests acceptable?
                 2.    Are all calculations described step-by step and are all
                      assumptions provided?
                                  B-9                         07/29/91

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                ENFORCEABLE  COMMITMENT
    CHECKLIST FOR APPROVAL OF EMISSIONS DATA (Continued)
 YES   NO
 ED         3.    Is the calculation method one of the acceptable methods
                       for that source category as presented in one of the EPA
                       documents, or if not, is the method appropriately
                       documented and acceptable?

 ^    E         4.    Were all the calculations performed correctly?

 ^    E         5.    If the emission source is equipment leaks, was some
                       method other than EPA average emission factors used?

 ED         6.    Are the pollutants emitted consistent with the described
                       process?

 ED         7-    Are the quantities emitted consistent with the quantities
                       expected based on a rough material balance or comparison
                       with similar industries?
REVIEWING AGENCY
REVIEWER	
DATE	
                                 B-10                      07/29/91

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       APPENDIX C

REVIEWER CHECKLISTS FOR
   BASELINE APPROVAL
                              07/29/91

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             REQUEST FOR  BASELINE REVIEW
                         OVERALL CHECKLIST
 COMPANY
 SOURCE
 A.    KEY DATES
                               Date base year emissions submitted for review.
                              Deadline for completeness review (30 days from
                              receipt of the base year review submittal)


                      Deadline for review of base year emissions (60 days from
                      completeness determination)


                      Closing date for the public comment period (30 days from
                      determination that the base year emission submittal is
                      approvable or 60 days if requested by interested party)
                      Date of Public Hearing - if requested.
B.    APPROVAL OF BASE YEAR EMISSIONS
D    D
                 1.
                2.
3.
Was the "Checklist for Completeness Review" completed and
were all responses "yes".

Was the "Checklist for Approval of Emissions Data" completed
for each emission point and were all responses for sections
B or C "yes"?

Was the applicant notified that the base year emissions are
judged  approvable/disapproved.   If the  submittal was
disapproved, was the applicant provided a list of deficiencies
and  errors?    [STOP  HERE  IF THE  SUBMITTAL  IS
DISAPPROVED]
                                 C-1
                                           07/29/91

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             REQUEST FOR  BASELINE REVIEW
                  OVERALL CHECKLIST (Continued)
                 4.    Was a public notice published in the local newspaper where
                      the source is located, providing the aggregate base year
                      emissions proposed for approval?  [Place a copy of the
                      notice in the file and record the closing date for the
                      comment period above.]

                 5.    In view of public comments received during the comment
                      period, was the applicant notified of approval/disapproval?
                      If disapproved, were errors and deficiencies identified in the
                      notice to the applicant?
REVIEWING AGENCY
REVIEWER	
DATE COMPLETED
                                 C-2                       07/29/91

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             REQUEST FOR BASELINE  REVIEW
              CHECKLIST FOR COMPLETENESS REVIEW
 COMPANY NAME
 SOURCE
A.  PLANT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION

 YES   NO
Od         1 .    Is adequate facility identifying information provided?

                      a.    Name and address of the source.

                      b.    Name and telephone number of the source owner or
                           operator or other responsible official.

^    E         2.    Is a complete description of the source provided, including:

                      a.    A site plan of the contiguous area under common
                           control which contains the source.

                      b.    Markings on the site plan locating the building,
                           structure, facility, or installation that constitutes the
                           source.

                      c.    A description of the activity at the source which
                           causes hazardous and pollutant emissions.

                      d.    A list of all emission points of hazardous air
                           pollutants in the source.

                      e.    Evidence that the source conforms to one of the
                           allowable source definitions. (See source checklist).

B. BASE YEAR EMISSIONS [A "NO" RESPONSE TO ANY OF THE QUESTIONS
IN THIS  SECTION INDICATES THAT THE BASE YEAR IS NOT COMPLETE AND
DOES NOT MEET THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE REGULATION.]
                1-    Base year is 1987 or later, OR base year is 1985 or 1986
                     and data was submitted to the Administrator prior to
                     November 15, 1990.

                                 C-3                       07/29/91

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             REQUEST  FOR  BASELINE REVIEW
       CHECKLIST FOR COMPLETENESS REVIEW (Continued)
YES  NO
                 2.    Is evidence provided that the base year emissions are not
                       artificially or substantially greater than emissions in years
                       prior to the base year?

                 3.    Is evidence provided that the emission estimates are within
                       allowable emission levels specified in any air pollution
                       control laws or regulations applicable to the base year?

                 4.    is the data presented as an annual emission rate (e.g.,
                       Mg/year)?

                 5.    Are base year emissions provided for each HAP from each
                       emission  point?

                 6.    Are total emissions of hazardous air pollutants provided?

                 7-    Are total emissions adjusted for high-risk hazardous air
                       pollutants provided?

                 8.    Is the supporting basis provided for each emission point?

                       a.     For emissions based on test results:

                             1 .     A description of the test protocol followed and
                                  any problems encountered during the test.

                            2.     A discussion of the validity of the method used
                                  for measuring the subject emissions.

                            3.     A record of the test results.

                       b.    For emissions based on calculations:

                            1 .     A rationale for not conducting a source test
                                  and the validity of the calculation.
                                   C-4                         07/29/91

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           REQUEST FOR BASELINE REVIEW
      CHECKLIST FOR COMPLETENESS REVIEW (Continued)
 YES  NO
                       2.   A step-by-step description of the calculations
                           including assumptions.
REVIEWING AGENCY
REVIEWER
DATE REVIEWED
                            C-5                   07/29/91

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              REQUEST FOR BASELINE  REVIEW
                    SOURCE DEFINTION CHECKLIST
 COMPANY NAME
 SOURCE
    If the answer to any of the following questions is yes, you may stop filling
 out the questionnaire.  A yes answer to any of the following questions qualifies
 the source as meeting the definition of source under the early reduction
 regulation.

 YES  NO

 E    E          1.    Does the source emit greater than 10 tons/year of HAP?

 ED          2.    Does the source emit greater than 5 tons/year of HAP at a
                       facility that emits less than 25 tons/year of HAP?

 E    n          3.    Does the source include the entire contiguous facility under
                       common ownership or control?

 ED          4.    Is the source a facility, building, structure or installation and

                       a)    Are the emission points functionally related (e.g., are
                            all emission points from a process unit or do all
                            emission points have similar purpose)?

                       b)    are all the emission points geographically related?

 n    n          5.    Is the source defined as a source in Appendix B of the
                       regulation  (e.g., equipment leaks from the HON)?
REVIEWING AGENCY
REVIEWER	
DATE
                                   C-6                        07/29/91

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            REQUEST FOR BASELINE REVIEW
         CHECKLIST FOR APPROVAL OF EMISSIONS DATA
THIS CHECKLIST IS TO BE COMPLETED FOR EACH EMISSION
POINT OR GROUP OF EMISSION POINTS FOR WHICH A SINGLE
EMISSION RATE IS REPORTED.
COMPANY
SOURCE
EMISSION POINT
A. SUPPORTING DATA

YES  NO
               1.    Was a validated test method used to establish base year
                    emissions? [If "yes", move on to section B.]

               2.    Was some other method used due to: [If "yes" to any of the
                    following, skip section B and move to section C]

                    a)    lack of a test method,

                    b)    the economic or technical infeasibility of testing,

                    c)    the demonstration that emission data based on
                         engineering principles, emission factors, or material
                         balances are as accurate as results gained through
                         testing,

                    d)    the emissions from this emission point are
                         insignificant compared to total emissions from
                         source, or

                    e)    the base year condition no longer exists?
                              C-7                     07/29/91

-------
              REQUEST FOR  BASELINE REVIEW
    CHECKLIST FOR APPROVAL OF EMISSIONS DATA (Continued)
 B.  TEST DATA

 YES    NO
                  1.     Is a description of the test protocol and any problems
                        encountered during testing included?
 a    E          2.    Was the test method appropriate for the source and
                       pollutants tested?

 E    d          3.    Are emissions reported as annual emission rates for each
                       hazardous air pollutant?

 ED          4.    Is the annual emission rate presented consistent with the
                       test results?

 n    E          5.    If the test data was collected from a year different from the
                       base year was the data appropriately scaled to the base
                       year?

 ^    E          6.    Are the pollutants emitted consistent with the described
                       process?

 ED          7-    Are the quantities emitted consistent with the quantities
                       expected based on a rough material balance or comparison
                       with similar industries?

C. CALCULATION METHODS

^    ^          1 .    Is the rationale for not conducting tests acceptable?
                 2-    Are all calculations described step-by step and are all
                       assumptions provided?
                                   C-8                        07/29/91

-------
             REQUEST FOR  BASELINE  REVIEW
   CHECKLIST FOR APPROVAL OF EMISSIONS DATA (Continued)
 YES   NO
                3.     Is the calculation method one of the acceptable methods
                      for that source category as presented in one of the EPA
                      documents, or if not, is the method appropriately
                      documented and acceptable?

                4.     Were all the calculations performed correctly?

                5.     If the emission source  is equipment leaks, was some
                      method other than EPA average emission factors used?

                6.     Are the pollutants emitted consistent with the described
                      process?

                7.     Are the quantities emitted consistent with the quantities
                      expected based on a rough material balance or comparison
                      with similar industries?
REVIEWING AGENCY
REVIEWER	
DATE	
                                C-9                       07/29/91

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