U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
WORKING PAPER SERIES
REPORT
ON
LAKE ALVIN
Lincoln o
SOITH DAKOTA
EPA REGKY! VIII
WORKING PAPER No, 599
CORVALLIS ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY - CORVALLIS, OREGON
and
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING & SUPPORT LABORATORY - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
•&G.P.O. 699-440
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REPORT
ON
LAKE ALVIN
Lincom OWTY
SOUTH DAKOTA
[?A REGION VI11
WORKING PAPER No, 599
WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE
SOUTH DAKOTA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AND THE
SOUTH DAKOTA NATIONAL GUARD
DECEMBER., 1976
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CONTENTS
Page
Foreward ii
List of South Dakota Study Lakes iv
Lake and Drainage Area Map v
Sections
I. Conclusions 1
II. Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics 3
III. Lake Water Quality Summary 4
IV. Nutrient Loadings 8
V. Literature Reviewed 12
VI. Appendices 13
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FOREWORD
The National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation-
wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to freshwater lakes and
reservoirs.
OBJECTIVES
The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds.
ANALYTIC APPROACH
The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey's eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:
a. A generalized representation or model relating
sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.
b. By applying measurements of relevant parameters
associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
can be transformed into an operational representation of
a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.
c. With such a transformation, an assessment of the
potential for eutrophication control can be made.
LAKE ANALYSIS
In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented. The report is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning [§303(e)J, water
quality criteria/standards review [§303{c)], clean lakes [§314(a,b)]»
and water quality monitoring [§106 and §305(b)] activities mandated
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
-------
iii
Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation's
freshwater lakes. Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of
Research & Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the South Dakota Departments of
Environmental Protection and Game, Fish and Parks for professional
involvement, to the South Dakota National Guard for conducting the
tributary sampling phase of the Survey, and to those wastewater
treatment plant operators who voluntarily provided effluent samples.
Allyn Lockner, Secretary, and Blaine Barker and Duane Murphy,
Department of Environmental Quality; Douglas Hansen, Department
of Game, Fish and Parks; and James Hayden, Director, State Lakes
Preservation Committee provided invaluable lake documentation and
counsel during the Survey, reviewed the preliminary reports, and
provided critiques most useful in the preparation of this Working
Paper series.
Major General Duane L. Corning, the Adjutant General of South
Dakota, and Project Officer Colonel Robert D. Chalberg, who directed
the volunteer efforts of the South Dakota National Guardsmen, are also
gratefully acknowledged for their assistance to the Survey.
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tv
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
STUDY LAKES
STATE OF SOUTH DAKOTA
LAKE NAME
Albert
Alvin
Angostura
Brant
Byron
Clear
Clear
Cochrane
Cottonwood
Deerfield
Enemy Swim
Herman
John
Kampeska
Madison
Mitchell
Norden
East Oakwood
West Oakwood
Pactola
Pickerel
Poinsett
Red Iron South
Richmond
Roy
Sand
Sheridan
Stockdale
East Vermillion
Wall
Waubay
COUNTY
Kingsbury
Lincoln
Fall River
Lake
Beadle
Marshall
Minnehaha
Deuel
Spink
Pennington
Day
Lake
Hamlin
Codington
Lake
Davidson
Hamlin
Brookings
Brookings
Pennington
Day
Brookings,
Marshall
Brown
Marshall
Brown
Pennington
Custer
McCook
Minnehaha
Day
Lake
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LAKE ALVIN
Tributary Sampling Site
Lake Sampling Site
! 2 ? 4Km.
2 Mi.
Scale
43'28 —
43'24 —
96'48'
I
96'44
96'40'
96J36
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LAKE ALVIN
STORE! NO. 4602
I. CONCLUSIONS
A. Trophic Condition:
Survey data indicate that Lake Alvin is eutrophic. It ranked
twelfth in overall trophic quality when the 31 South Dakota lakes
sampled in 1974 were compared using a combination of six lake
parameters*. Ten of the lakes had less median total phosphorus,
11 had less median dissolved phosphorus, all of the other lakes
had less median inorganic nitrogen, three had less mean chloro-
phyll a_, and 13 had greater mean Secchi disc transparency.
Survey limnologists noted littoral beds of macrophytes and
abundant zooplankton in July, and surface concentrations of algae
were observed in September.
B. Rate-Limiting Nutrient:
The algal assay results indicate that the lake was phosphorus
limited when sampled in April and September. However, the lake
data indicate nitrogen limitation in July.
C. Mutrient Controllability:
1. Point sources—There were no point sources known to be
impacting Lake Alvin during the sampling year.
The present phosphorus loading of 1.42 g/m2/yr is nearly
3.6 times that proposed by Vollenweider (Vollenweider and Dillon,
* See Appendix A.
-------
1974) as a eutrophic loading (see page 11).
2. Non-point sources--Non-point sources accounted for all of
the total phosphorus load reaching Lake Alvin during the sampling
year. Ninemile Creek contributed 98.4% of the total load.
The phosphorus export rate of Ninemile Creek was C kg/kmVyr
(see page 10). This high rate indicates the possibility of
an unsampled point source impacting this creek. The town of Harris-
burg is located near Ninemile Creek, but the impact of the community
on the creek is not known.
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II. LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHARACTERISTICS1"
A. Lake Morphometry :
1. Surface area: 0.44 kilometers2.
2. Mean depth: 3.7 meters.
3. Maximum depth: 9.1 meters.
4. Volume: 1.628 x 106 m3.
5. Mean hydraulic retention time: 325 days.
G. Tributary and Outlet:
(See Appendix C for flow data)
1. Tributaries -
Drainage Mean flow
Name area (km2)* (m3/sec)*
Ninemile Creek 108.8 0.058
Minor tributaries &
immediate drainage - 4.8 <0.001
Totals 113.6 0.058
2. Outlet -
Ninemile Creek 114.0** 0.058
C. Precipitation***:
1. Year of sampling: 36.8 centimeters.
2. Mean annual: 63.9 centimeters.
t Table of metric conversions—Appendix B.
tt Murphey, 1974.
* For limits of accuracy, see Working Paper No. 175, "...Survey Methods,
1973-1976".
** Includes area of lake.
*** See Working Paper No. 175.
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III. LAKE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
Lake Alvin was sampled three times during the open-water season
of 1974 by means of a pontoon-equipped Huey helicopter. Each
time, samples for physical and chemical parameters were collected
from two or more depths at two stations on the lake (see map, page
v). During each visit, a single depth-integrated (4.6 m or near
bottom to surface) sample was composited from the stations for
phytoplankton identification and enumeration; and during the
first and last visits, a single 18.9-liter depth-integrated sample
was composited for algal assays. Also each time, a depth-integrated
sample was collected from each of the stations for chlorophyll
a_ analysis. The maximum depths sampled were 6.1 meters at station
1 and 1.8 meters at station 2.
The sampling results are presented in full in Appendix D and
are summarized in the following table.
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A.
OF =^YSI
Cria^ACTEhiSTICS FO* ALY!N LAKE
STOKET CODE 4602
TEMP (C)
OISS OXY
CNDCTVY IMCROMO)
PH (STAND UNITS!
TOT ALK (MG/LI
TOT ? (MG/LI
ORTHO P (MG/LI
N02»N03
AMMONIA (MG/LI
KJEL N (M&/L)
INORG N (MG/L)
TOTAL N (MG/LI
CHLRPYL A (UG/LI
SECCHI (METERS)
RANGE
10.5 - 11.2
8.4 - 9.0
887. - 918.
7.9 - 8.0
l<*8. - 152.
0.044 - 0.067
0.013 - 0.017
0.560 - 0.640
0.360 - 0.410
1.200 - 1.300
0.980 - 1.000
1.790 - 1.930
0.9 - 1.2
1.2 - 2.4
NG ( 4/23/74)
TES
MEAN
10.9
8.8
904.
8.0
150.
0.052
0.015
0.012
0.371
1.260
0.990
1.872
1.0
1.8
MEDIAN
10.9
8.9
904.
8.0
150.
0.047
0.014
0.620
0.360
1.300
0.990
1.8*0
1.0
l.b
2ND SAMPLING ( 7/11/74)
2 SITES
HANGE
24.8
5.6
120o.
3.1
152.
0.09]
0.071
0.090
0.450
1.500
0.870
UYBO
1.9
0.9
- 25. B
6.2
- 1358.
8.4
- 185.
- 0.161
- 0.138
- 0.500
- 1.610
- 2.000
- 1.700
- 2.09Q
6.4
1.8
MEAN
25.3
5.9
1318.
8.3
159.
0.128
0.100
0.397
0.660
1.617
1.077
2.013
4.1
1.4
MEDIAN
25.1
6.0
1337.
8.3
153.
0.128
0.100
0.450
0.500
1.550
0.965
2.000
4.1
1.4
3*0 SAMPLING ( 9/20/74)
2 SITES
MANGE
17.6
8.4
1165.
8.1
158.
0.043
0.004
0.440
0.230
1.300
0.670
1.760
d. 9
0.8
- 18.3
8.8
- 1177.
a. 2
- 160.
- 0.078
- 0.024
- 0.460
- 0.2bO
- 1.600
- 0.720
- 2.050
8.9
1.5
ME Am
18.0
8.6
1172.
B.I
159.
0.056
0.012
0.452
0.245
1.450
0.697
1.902
6.9
1.2
MEOIAN
18.0
8.6
1172.
8.1
160.
0.055
0.011
0.455
0.245
1.450
0.700
1.900
8.9
1.2
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B. Biological characteristics:
1. Phytoplankton -
Sampling
Date
04/23/74
07/11/74
09/20/74
2. Chlorophyll a_ -
Sampling
Date
04/23/74
07/11/74
09/20/74
Dominant
Genera
1. Chroomonas sp.
Total
1. Chroomonas ££.
2. Centric diatoms
3. Aphanizomenon S£.
4. Synedra sp.
5. Schroederia sp.
Total
1. Aphanizomenon sp_.
2. Chroomonas ^p_.
3. Cryptomonas ^p_.
4. Schroederia sp.
Total
Station
Number
1
2
1
2
1
2
Algal Units
per ml
182
182
183
46
23
23
23
298
1,108
623
173
35
1,939
Chlorophyll a
(ug/1)
1.2
0.9
1.9
6.4
8.9
8.9
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C. Limiting Nutrient Study:
1. Autoclaved, filtered, and nutrient spiked -
a. April sample -
Spike (mg/1)
Control
0.050 P
0.050 P + 1.0 N
1.0 N
b. September sample -
Ortho P
Cone, (mg/1)
Inorganic N Maximum yield
Cone, (mg/1) (mg/1-dry wt.)
0.015
0.065
0.065
0.015
0.790
0.790
1.790
1.790
0.3
10.5
21.6
0.4
Spike (mg/1)
Control
0.050 P
0.050 P + 1.0 N
1.0 N
Ortho P
Cone, (mg/1)
0.035
0.085
0.085
0.035
Inorganic N Maximum yield
Cone, (mg/1) Cmg/1-dry wt.)
0.740
0.740
1.740
1.740
11.1
22.5
58.1
10.9
2. Discussion -
The control yields of the assay alga, Selenastrum capri-
cornutum, indicate that the potential primary productivity
of Lake Alvin was moderate in April and was high in November.
Also, the significant increases in yield with the addition of
phosphorus alone indicate that the lake was limited by phos-
phorus at those times.
The lake data also indicate phosphorus limitation in the
spring and fall; i.e., the mean inorganic nitrogen/orthophos-
phorus ratios were 66/1 and 58/1, respectively. However, the
July mean N/P ratio of 11/1 indicates nitrogen limitation at
that time.
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8
IV. NUTRIENT LOADINGS
(See Appendix E for data)
For the determination of nutrient loadings, the South Dakota
National Guard collected monthly near-surface grab samples when
possible from each of the tributary sites indicated on the map
(page v), except for the high runoff month of June when two samples
were collected. Sampling was begun in October, 1974, and was
completed in October, 1975.
Through an interagency agreement, stream flow estimates for the
year of sampling and a "normalized" or average year were provided by
the South Dakota District Office of the U.S. Geological Survey for the
tributary sites nearest the lake.
In this report, nutrient loads for sampled tributaries were
calculated using mean annual concentrations and mean annual flows.
Flow measurements for minor tributaries and immediate drainage were
negligible, and no loads were calculated.
No known point sources impacted Lake Alvin during the sampling year.
A. Waste Sources:
1. Known municipal - None
2. Known industrial - None
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B. Annual Total Phosphorus Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
kg P/ % of
Source ^r total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Ninemile Creek 615 98.4
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) -
None
c. Known municipal STP's - None
d. Septic tanks - Unknown ?
e. Known industrial - None
f. Direct precipitation* - 10 1.6
Total 625 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Ninemile Creek 295
3. Net annual P accumulation - 330 kg.
* See Working Paper No. 175.
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10
C. Annual Total Nitrogen Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
kg N/ % of
Source y_r total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Ninemile Creek 5,005 91.3
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) -
None
c. Known municipal STP's - None
d. Septic tanks - Unknown ?
e. Known industrial - None
f. Direct precipitation* - 475 8.7
Total 5,480 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Ninemile Creek 4,160
3. Net annual N accumulation - 1,320 kg.
D. Non-point Nutrient Export by Subdrainage Area:
Tributary kg P/km?7yr kg N/kma/yr
Ninemile Creek 6 46
* See Working Paper No. 175.
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11
E. Yearly Loads:
In the following table, the existing phosphorus loadings
are compared to those proposed by Vollenweider (Vollenweider
and Dillon, 1974). Essentially, his "dangerous" loading is
one at which the receiving water would become eutrophic or
remain eutrophic; his "permissible" loading is that which
would result in the receiving water remaining oligotrophic
or becoming oligotrophic if morphometry permitted. A meso-
trophic loading would be considered one between "dangerous"
and "permissible".
Note that Vollenweider's model may not be applicable to
water bodies with short hydraulic retention times.
Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen
Total Accumulated Total Accumulated
grams/m2/yr 1.42 0.75 12.5 3.0
Vollenweider phosphorus loadings
(g/m2/yr) based on mean depth and mean
hydraulic retention time of Lake Alvin:
"Dangerous" (eutrophic loading) 0.40
"Permissible" (oligotrophic loading) 0.20
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12
V. LITERATURE REVIEWED
Murphey, Duane B., 1974. Personal communication (lake morphometry).
SD Dept. of Env. Prot., Pierre.
Schmidt, Artwin E., 1967. Limnology of selected South Dakota lakes.
MS thesis, SD St. U., Brookings.
Vollenweider, R. A., and P. J. Dillon, 1974. The application of
the phosphorus loading concept to eutrophication research.
Natl. Res. Council of Canada Publ. No. 13690, Canada Centre
for Inland Waters, Burlington, Ontario.
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13
VI. APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LAKE RANKINGS
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i_A603 COCHRANE LAKE
4609 COTTONWOOL) LAKE
4610 OEERf IELD RESERVOIR
4611 ENEMY SWIM LAKE
4612 LAKE MERMAN
4613 ST JOHN LAKE
4614 LAKE KAMPESKA
4615 MADISON LAKE
4616 LAKE MITCHELL
««617 LAKE N(WDE.N
4618 OAK400I) LAKE EAST
4614 OAKriOOO LAKE rfEST
462o PACTOLA RESEKVOIR
4621 PICKE*CL LAKE
463? LAKE POINbETT
4623 LAKE RED I«ON SOUTH
4624 RICHMOND LAKE
4625 POY LAKE
4626 SAND LAKE
4627 SHERIDAN LAKE
4628 STOCKADE LAKE
MEDIAN-
TOTAL P
0.321
0.067
0.01*
0.19*»
0.443
0.027
1.400
0.037
0.685
0.033
0.037
0.34Q
0.34M
0.22C
0.250
0.099
0.256
0.146
0.181
0.011
0.049
0.115
0.042
0.107
0.03*
0.489
0.053
0.233
MEDIAN
INOHC N
0.170
0.970
0.160
0.130
0.370
U.075
0.270
0.150
0.265
0.080
0.085
0.155
0.080
0.105
0.090
0.085
0.165
0.175
0.135
0.070
0.095
0.315
0.110
0.150
0.070
0.110
0.105
0.150
500-
MEAN SEC
489.111
442.833
423.333
432.833
488.333
430.167
495.333
446.000
490.333
303.333
442.600
485.000
484.400
468.889
445.555
465.833
488.667
4B7.000
485.833
248.444
439.833
468.444
430.333
410.000
431.000
471. BOO
394.000
432.000
MEAN
CHLOPA
106.239
4.700
3.717
34.150
149.350
11.983
691.000
15.683
112.017
3.650
14.200
58.733
120.880
20.567
22.578
14.883
46.800
113.600
159.667
1.478
15.333
40.211
6.883
18.467
13.333
65.790
15.433
?S.fcOQ
MIN DO
*.200
9.400
13.000
11.800
9.003
8.600
7.000
15.000
8.600
15.000
8.200
8.600
9.800
8.200
14.000
13.800
10.000
10.000
9.000
11.000
9.600
10.000
7.600
10.000
11.000
12.800
15.000
iS.Cnn
MEOI
OIS3 0*T'
0.029
0.017
0.005
0.113
0.146
0.009
0.468
O.OOd
0.417
0.022
0.013
0.174
0.025
0.128
0.107
0.015
0.050
0.009
0.021
O.OOb
0.009
0.023
0.010
0.144
0.010
0.288
0.016
ft. 109
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DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
*629 LAKE
4630 WALL LAKE
46J1 HAUBAV LAKE NOKTH
MEDIAN
TOTAL P
0.211
0.194
0.095
MEDIAN
0.100
0.160
0.145
500-
MEAN SEC
472.833
441.667
469.555
MEAN
CHLOKA
100.800
55.267
127.033
Ib-
MlN DO
9.200
7.400
11.400
MEDIAN
DISS O'UrlC
0.0*2
0.0^6
0.023
-------
LAKE
CODE
4602
4603
4604
4605
4606
4607
4608
4609
4610
4611
4613
461J
4614
4615
4616
4617
4618
4619
4620
4621
4622
4623
4624
4625
4626
4627
I
or LAKES *ITH HIGMEP VALUES »NUMBER OF LAKES *ITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE NAME
LAKE ALBERT
ALVIN LAKE
ANGOSTURA RESE*VOIP
BRANT LAKE
LAKE BYRON
CLEAR LAKE
CLEAR LAKE
COCHRANE LAKE
COTTONtaOOD LAKE
OEERFIELO RESERV01H
ENEMY SWIM LAKE
LAKE HERMAN
ST JOHN LAKE
LAKE KAMPESKA
MADISON LAKE
LAKE MITCHELL
LAKE NOHDEN
OAKWOOO LAKE EAST
OAKrtOOO LAKE WEST
PACTOLA RESERVOIR
PICKEREL LAKE
LAKE POINSETT
LAKE RED IRON SOUTH
RICHMOND LAKE
ROY LAKE
SANO LAKE
SHERIDAN LAKE
AQE
MEDIAN
TOTAL P
?0 (
67 (
97 1
40 1
10 (
93 <
0 (
83 (
3 <
90 <
80 (
17 <
13 <
33 <
27 <
60 <
23 <
53 <
50 (
100 (
73 (
57 (
77 (
47 (
87 (
7 (
70 <
<
61
20)
29)
12)
3)
28)
0)
25)
1)
27)
24)
5)
4)
10)
8)
18)
7)
16)
15)
30)
22)
17)
23)
14)
26)
2)
21)
MEDIAN
INOBG N
20
0
30
53
3
93
10
40
13
88
82
33
88
65
77
82
23
17
50
98
73
7
58
40
9B
58
65
( 6)
( 0)
( 9)
( 16)
( 1)
( 28)
< 3)
< ID
( 4)
( 26)
( 24)
< 10)
( 26)
< 19)
( 23)
( 24)
( 7)
( 5)
( 15)
( 29)
< 22)
( 2)
( 17)
( 11)
( 29)
( 17)
( 19)
111
500-
MEAN
10
57
87
70
17
83
0
50
3
97
60
27
7
40
53
47
13
20
23
100
67
43
80
90
77
33
93
73
SEC
( 3)
< 17)
( 26)
( 21)
< 5)
( 25)
( 0)
< 15)
( 1)
( 29)
( Id)
( 8)
( 2)
( 12)
( 16)
( 14)
( 4)
< 6)
< 7)
( 30)
( 20)
( 13)
( 24)
< 27)
< 23)
( 10)
( 26)
. __
MEAN
CHLO«A
23 1
90 1
93 (
47 1
7 I
83 i
0
67
20
p 97
77
33
13
57
53
73
40
17
3
100
63
43
87
60
80
30
70
--
1 7)
1 27)
! 28)
1 14)
1 2)
1 25)
I 0)
I 20)
1 6)
( 29)
( 23)
( 10)
( 4)
( 17)
( 16)
( 22)
( 12)
< 5)
( 1)
( 30)
( 19)
( 13)
( 26)
( 18)
« 24)
( 9)
( 21)
< 1"
15-
MIN DO
08 (
63 (
20 (
27 (
73 <
77 1
100 1
5 1
82 1
5 1
88 I
82 I
53 I
88 i
13 i
17 i
45 i
45 I
58 i
35 i
58 i
45 i
93
45 i
35 i
23 i
5 <
r
20)
19)
6)
; 8)
; 22)
: 23>
! 30)
! 0)
! 24)
[ 0)
I 26)
[ 24)
[ 16)
[ 26)
I 4)
E 5)
[ 12)
I 12)
1 17)
E 10)
1 17)
[ 12)
( 28)
I 12)
( 10)
t 7)
( 0)
' 0)
MEDIAN
DISS OftTnO P
60 (
63 (
100 i
23 (
13 (
90 (
0 (
93 (
3 (
53 (
73 t
10 (
43 (
20 (
30 (
70 (
40 <
85 (
57 <
97 (
85 (
47 (
78 (
17 (
78 (
7 (
67 (
-7 (
18)
1*)
30)
7)
4)
27)
0)
28)
1)
16)
22)
3)
13)
6)
9)
21)
12)
25)
17)
29)
25)
14)
23)
5)
23)
2)
20)
-.
INGEA
NO
201
340
427
260
123
51*
110
336
124
430
460
202
217
303
253
349
184
237
241
530
419
242
4/3
299
455
158
370
"5
-------
PERCENT of LAKES «HTH HIGHER VALJES (NUMBER OF LAKES WITH HIGHEK VALUES.'
CODE LAKE NAME
4629 LAKE VERMILLION
4630 WALL LAKE
4631 WAUBAY LAKE NORTH
MEOIAN
TOTAL P
37 <
43 (
63 (
ID
13)
19)
MEDIAN
70 < 21)
27 < 8)
47 < 14)
500-
MEAN SEC
30 < 9)
63 < I?)
37 { 11)
MEAN 15-
CHLOtfA
27
37
10
( 8)
( 11)
( 3)
HIN 00
68
97
30
( 20)
< 29)
< 9)
MEDIAN INOE:
OISS ORTnO P
33 (
37 (
50 (
10)
11)
15)
NO
265
304
237
-------
LAKES RANKED BY INOE* NOS.
RANK LAKE CODE LAKE NAME
INDEX NO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
I*
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
32
83
24
25
26
27
4620
4606
4623
4611
4625
4610
4603
4621
4627
4616
4002
4608
4630
4614
4624
4629
4604
4615
4622
4619
4631
4618
4628
4613
4612
4601
4617
4
PACTOLA RESERVOIR
CLEAR LAKE
LAKE RED IKON SOUTH
ENEMY SWIM LAKE
ROY LAKE
DEERFIELD RESERVOIR
ANGOSTURA RESERVOIR
PICKEREL LAKE
SHERIDAN LAKE
LAKE MITCHELL
ALVIN LAKE
COCHRANE LAKE
MALL LAKE
LAKE KAMPESKA
RICHMOND LAKE
LAKE VERMILLION
BRANT LAKE
MAO I SON LAKE
LAKE POINSETT
OAKWOOD LAKE WEST
riAUBAY LAKE NOHTH
OAKWOOD LAKE EAST
STOCKADE LAKE
ST JOHN LAKE
LAKE HERMAN
LAKE ALBERT
LAKE NORDEN
-------
LAKES RANKED BY INDEX NOS.
rJANK LAKE CODE LAKE NAME INDEX NO
39 4604 COTTUNWOOCi LAKE \2<*
30 4605 LAKE BYRON 123
31 4607 CLEAR LAKE 110
-------
APPENDIX B
CONVERSION FACTORS
-------
CONVERSION FACTORS
Hectares x 2.471 = acres
Kilometers x 0.6214 = miles
Meters x 3.281 = feet
Cubic meters x 8.107 x 10 = acre/feet
Square kilometers x 0.3861 = square miles
Cubic meters/sec x 35.315 = cubic feet/sec
Centimeters x 0.3937 = inches
Kilograms x 2.205 = pounds
Kilograms/square kilometer x 5.711 = Ibs/square mile
-------
APPENDIX C
TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA
-------
FLO« INFOKMATIUN FO-> SOUTH DAKOTA
05/03/76
LA«E CGuE
D'AI-iAGE
4602A2
108.8
5.2
o.O
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.035
0.045
0.0
NORMALIZED FLO«5lCMS)
A°0 MAr JUN1 JUL *Ut> SE?
0.227 0.142 0.11.3 0.08S 0.028 0.014
0.227 0.142 0.113 0.085 0.028 0.014
0.003 0.003 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
OCT
O.OOo
0.00ft
0.0
DEC
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
ML AM
0.056
0.058
0.000
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA OF LAKE
SUM OF SOB-DRAINAGE AREAS
MEAN MONTHLY FLOWS AND UAILV FLOWS(CMS)
<»6U2Al
4602A?
MONTH YEAP
10
11
12
1
2
3
ft
5
6
7
9
9
10
11
1?
1
2
3
U
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
1?
1
?
3
it
5
6
7
8
9
74
Tt
74
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
74
74
74
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
74
T*
74
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
MEAN FLOW OAT-
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.057
0.085
0.028
0.014
0.0
0.227
0.014
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.023
0.085
0.014
0.003
0.0
0.113
0.006
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.014
0.0
13
10
8
19
1
23
h
18
J
20
23
20
13
10
8
19
1
23
4
18
3
20
23
20
0.011
1U.O
llfc.O
TOTAL FLOW IN
TOTAL FLO* OUT
0.71
0.70
FLOW DAY
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
O.OS7
0.1*2
0.057
0.003 a
0.014
0.085
0.011
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.065
0.170
0.028
0.01<> 6
0.0
FLOW OAY
FLOW
0.003
0.014
-------
APPENDIX D
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA
-------
ST03ET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/05/03
4b0201
43 26 15.0 096 36 30.0 4
ALVIN LAKE
46063 SOUTH DAKOTA
090791
11EPALES 2111202
0022 FEET DEPTH CLASS 00
DATE
FRO*
TO
7-./04/23
74/07/11
74/09/20
DATE
FROM
TO
74/04/23
74/07/11
74/09/20
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
13 00 0000
13 00 0005
13 00 0017
16 00 0000
16 00 OOOS
16 00 0015
16 00 0020
15 15 0000
15 15 0015
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
13 00 0000
13 00 0005
13 00 0017
16 00 0000
16 00 0005
16 00 0015
16 00 0020
15 15 0000
15 15 0002
15 15 0008
15 15 0014
15 15 0015
00010
HATER
TEMP
CENT
10. a
10.6
10.5
25.1
25.1
24.8
18.3
18.3
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.044
0.045
0.047
0.128
0.091
0.136
0.161
0.043
0.05?
00300
DO
MG/L
9.0
8.4
6.0
6.2
5.6
8.4
8.8
32217
CHLRPHYL
A
UG/L
1.2
1.9
8.9
00077
TRANSP
SECCHI
INCHES
96
72
60
00031
INCDT LT
REMNING
PERCENT
50.0
5.0
1.0
00094
CNDUCTVY
FIELD
M1CROMHO
892
892
887
1337
1327
1208
1177
1175
00400
PH
su
8.00
7.95
7.95
8.30
8.20
8.10
8.15
8.21
00410
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
148
148
150
152
152
153
185
160
159
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.360
0.360
0.360
0.480
0.480
0.520
1.610
0.240
0.230
00625
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
.300
.300
.200
.500
.500
.500
2.000
.600
.400
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.620
0.630
0.640
0.480
0.490
0.500
0.090
0.450
0.440
00671
PHOS-UIS
ORTHU
MG/L P
0.013
0.014
0.014
0.105
0.071
0.099
0.138
0.00-4
0.011
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/05/03
460202
43 26 00.0 096 38 00.0 4
ALVIN LAKE
46053 SOUTh DAKOTA
090791
11EPALES 2111202
0010 FEET DEPTH CLASS 00
DATE
FROM
TO
74/04/33
74/07/11
7«»/09/20
DATE
FROM
TO
74/04/33
74/07/11
74/09/20
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
13 20 0000
13 20 0002
13 20 0006
15 45 0000
15 45 0006
15 00 0000
15 00 0006
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
13 20 0000
13 20 0006
15 45 0000
15 45 0006
IS 00 0000
15 00 0006
00010
WATER
TEMP
CENT
11.2
11.2
11.1
25.8
25.7
17.8
17.6
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.058
0.067
0.128
0.122
0.058
0.078
00300
DO
MG/L
8.8
9.0
5.8
6.0
8.6
8.6
32217
CHLRPHYL
A
UG/L
0.9
6.4
8.9
00077
TRANSP
SECCHI
INCHES
48
36
31
00031
INCDT LT
REMNING
PERCENT
00094
CNDUCTVY
FIELD
MICROMHO
918
918
916
1358
1358
1165
1169
00400
PM
SU
8.00
8.00
8.40
8.30
8.07
8.09
00410
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
151
152
152
158
158
160
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MO/L
0.400
0.410
0.450
0.540
0.260
0.250
00625
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
1.200
1.300
1.600
1.600
1.300
1.500
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.590
0.580
0.420
0.400
0.460
0.460
00671
PnOS-DIS
0«THO
MG/L P
0.016
0.017
0.088
0.102
0.011
0.024
-------
APPENDIX E
TRIBUTARY DATA
-------
STORE! rfETSIEVAL DATE 76/05/0*
DATE TIME DEPTH N02&N03
FSOM or
TO DAY FEET
75/03/23
75/04/06
75/05/18
75/06/03
75/06/08
75/07/20
75/08/23
75/09/20
75/10/05
10 00
09 05
09 45
14 10
09 25
12 50
14 05
09 20
10 10
46J2A1
0.110
C.100
0.140
0.070
0.390
0.160
0.180
0.110
0.180
K VALUE KixOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
ST3RET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/05/0^
43 25 SO.O 096 38 00.0 4
DATE
FPQM
TO
75/03/23
75/04/04
75/05/18
75/06/03
75/06/06
75/07/20
75/08/23
75/09/20
75/10/05
TIME DEPTH
OF
UAY FEET
09 50
09 00
09 55
13 50
09 45
10 35
13 50
09 10
10 00
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
1.005
1.570
0.005
0.025
0.015
0.005
0.890
0.060
0.050
00625
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
1.900
2.200
2.600
3.450
2.700
1.550
2.700
2.400
1.500
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.462
0.800
0.045
0.075
0.040
0.025
0.085
0.075
0.085
00671
PHOS-DIS
OHTHO
MG/L P
0.135
0.490
0.030
0.075
0.045
0.030
0.590
0.020
0.030
46 7.5
T/6LVIN LAf>
SEC *0 BtfOG
HE^ALES
0000 FEET
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.1 90
0.560
0.240
0.440
0.382
0.170
0.780
0.120
0.140
090791
3 MI E OF
2111204
DEPTH CLASS 00
-------
STCHET
DATE 7b/os/u«i
43 20 35.0 096 3S- 50.0 4
46 LINCOLN CO riwr
T/ALVlN I_A-\E 090792
SEC -<0 riROG .8 MI * OF SD HWY 11
11EPALES 2111204
oooo FEET DEi'Tr CLASS oo
DATE
FROM
TO
74/10/12
74/11/10
74/12/08
75/03/23
75/04/06
75/05/18
75/06/03
75/06/08
75/07/20
75/08/23
75/09/20
75/10/05
00630 00625
TIME OEPTri N02&N03 TOT KjEL
OF N-TOTAL N
DAV FEET
13
10
10
10
09
10
14
10
13
11
10
10
15
35
50
45
40
40
30
30
30
40
00
40
MG/L
0.144
0.208
0.416
0.975
O.B60
0.020
0.040
0.015
0.115
0.260
0.090
0.155
MG/L
0.300
1.400
1.700
1.450
2.100
0.550
0.650
1.150
1.350
2.700
0.700
0.700
00610 00t>71 00665
Nri3-N PnOS-OIS PrlOS-TOT
TOTAL OHTHO
MG/L
0.075
0.170
0.460
0.444
0.375
0.055
0.04Q
0.045
0.095
9.110
0.050
0.040
MG/L P
0.020
0.055
0.012
0.033
0.060
0.015
0.020
0.020
O.OSO
0.675
0.010
0.065
MG/L P
O.C55
0.170
0.030
0.120
0.140
0.120
C.170
o.oao
0.230
0.750
0.480
0.120
-------
STOnET RETRIEVAL DATE 76/05/04
43 <>0 35.0 096 32 20.0 4
UNNAMED CREEK
46 LINCOLN CO HwY
T/flLVIN LAnE 090791
SEC Kl> BRUG 4.5 Ml Nt OF CANTON
0000 FEET DEPTH CLASS 00
DATE
FROM
TO
75/03/23
75/04/06
75/06/03
75/08/23
TIME DEPTH
OF
DAY FEET
10 20
09 25
14 50
14 30
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
1.665
1.400
0.040
0.375
00625
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
0.950
1.050
0.350
1.800
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
C.I 29
0.055
0.045
0.230
00671
pHos-ors
ORTnO
MG/L P
0.089
0.055
0.010
0.210
0066S
PhOS-TOT
M&/L P
0.130
0.060
0.120
0.250
------- |