ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT
EPA-330/2-77-015
Waste Source And Water Quality Investigations
Reno-Sparks Joint Water Pollution Control Plant
And Truckee River
[MARCH-APRIL 1977)
NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
DENVER. COLORADO
y^o S7*>j
AND ^
REGION IX - SAN FRANCISCO
JUNE 1977
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Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Enforcement
EPA-330/2-77-015
WASTE SOURCE AND WATER QUALITY INVESTIGATIONS
RENO-SPARKS JOINT WATER POLLUTION CONTROL PLANT
AND
TRUCKEE RIVER
(March-April 1977)
June 1977
National Enforcement Investigations Center - Denver
Region IX - San Francisco
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CONTENTS
I INTRODUCTION 1
II SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 5
NPDES Compliance Monitoring 5
Water Quality Investigation 6
Biological Investigations 8
III NPDES COMPLIANCE-MONITORING - -.- 11
Plant Description and Performance 11
NEIC Compliance Monitoring 14
Sampling Techniques 14
Sampling Locations 20
Flow Monitoring 22
NPDES Compliance 24
Self-Monitoring by Reno-Sparks
Joint WPCP vs. NEIC Results 24
Analysis of Plant Performance 27
IV WATER QUALITY - TRUCKEE RIVER 31
Effluent Mixing Study 31
Water Quality Study 33
Biochemical Oxygen Demand 35
Dissolved Oxygen 54
Total Dissolved Solids and Chloride ... 54
Nitrogen 56
Phosphorus 56
Bacteriology 59
V BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS 61
Effluent Toxicity 61
Ammonia 61
Chlorine 67
Fish Survival 68
Macroinvertebrate Distribution 71
Algal Growth 80
REFERENCES 85
APPENDICES
A Reno-Sparks NPDES Permit MV0020150
B NEIC Chain of Custody Procedures
C Methods, Analytical Procedures and Quality Control
D Reno-Sparks WPCP Self-Monitoring Data
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TABLES
1 Self-Monitoring Data 13
2 Composite Sampling Data 16
3 Grab Sampling Data 18
4 NPDES Compliance Monitoring 25
5 Fecal Coliform 26
6 Comparison Between Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP 28
7 Effluent Mixing in Truckee River 34
8 Sampling Locations 37
9 Water Quality - Truckee River 38
10 Pollutant Loadings - Water Quality Study,
Truckee River 53
11 Bioassay Survival Data 63
12 Flow Duration Statistics 66
13 Survival of Caged Lahontan Cutthroat Trout 69
14 Macroinvertebrate Sampling Locations 73
15 Riffle Communities 74
16 Pool Communities 76
17 Periphytic Chlorophyll ^Concentrations 81
18 Algal Growth Potential Tests - Effluent Additions 82
FIGURES
1 Truckee River, Plan and Profile, Lake Tahoe
to Pyramid Lake 2
2 Reno-Sparks Joint Water Pollution Control Plant 12
3 Self-Monitoring Data 15
4 NEIC Sampling Locations 21
5 Effluent Mixing in the Truckee River 32
6 Water Quality Sampling Stations 36
7 BOD Profile, Truckee River 52
8 Dissolved Oxygen Profile, Truckee River 55
9 Nitrogen Profile, Truckee River . . . 57
10 Total Phosphorus (P) Profile, Truckee River 58
11 Survival at 24-Hour Intervals of Caged
Lahontan Cutthroat Trout 70
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I. INTRODUCTION
The Truckee River originates at Lake Tahoe and flows approximately
180 km (110 mi), terminating at Pyramid Lake, Nevada [Figure 1]. Reno
and Sparks, Nevada are the only major cities on the river, and operate
the Reno-Sparks Joint Water Pollution Control Plant (WPCP), a 76,000
o
m /day (20 mgd) modified activated sludge process. The effluent from
the WPCP is provided post aeration to maintain a dissolved oxygen (DO)
content of at least 6.0 mg/1, chlorinated and discharged to Steamboat
Creek approximately 180 m (200 yd) upstream from the confluence with the
Truckee River at about river mile (RM) 59. The only other major
tributary (and possible waste source) in the study area is the North
Truckee drain, which intercepts the Truckee River immediately upstream
of and opposite Steamboat Creek.
On January 10, 1975, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region
IX, issued National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)
Permit No. NV0020150 to the Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP to be effective
February 10, 1975, and expire May 1, 1977 [Appendix A].
On September 8, 1976, subsequent to finding violations of permit
limitations for BOD and toxicity, EPA issued an order to the City of
Sparks requiring the development of plans for the achievement of ef-
fluent limitations.
On January 28, 1977, after the EPA order was issued, the Director,
Enforcement Division, Region IX, requested technical assistance from
National Enforcement Investigations Center (NEIC) to:
* NPDES - Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972
(PL 92-500).
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I.I.I , 1
- TAMOE CITY
CONNER CREEK -
TRUCKSE-
L,
BOCA RESERVOIR
LPROSSER CREEK
MARTIS CREEK
DERBY 0AM
Figure 1. Truck** River, Plan and Profile lake Taho* to Pyramid lake
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1) document continuing violations of permit limits for BOD
and toxicity,
2) determine the causative agent of the toxicity,
3) investigate the causes for BOD and toxicity violations
and identify remedial actions,
4) document actual adverse environmental effects attributable
to the present Reno-Sparks discharge and identify potential
adverse effects that could be expected should wastewater
flows increase in the future.
In response to this request, NEIC personnel performed a recon-
naissance of the study area February 14-17, 1977 to gain input from the
affected parties, select sampling sites, and assess logistical require-
ments. Informal meetings were held with personnel from the Reno-Sparks
Joint WPCP, Nevada Environmental Protection Services, U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, Desert Research Institute, and EPA, Region IX.
During March 24 - April 9, 1977 NEIC conducted an extensive study
at the Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP and on the Truckee River. Wastewater and
water quality characterizations were performed in conjunction with a
biological investigation of the effects the WPCP had on the receiving
waters.
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II. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
NPDES COMPLIANCE MONITORING
1. Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP self-monitoring data collected over the
past four years show mean monthly total suspended solids (TSS) and
biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) values have averaged 14 and 9 mg/1,
respectively. This performance record has conclusively documented the
ability of the treatment process units to achieve NPDES limits (BOD and
TSS 30-day limits of 10 and 20 mg/1, respectively).
2. Despite the overall commendable performance record of the WPCP,
based on self-monitoring data, apparent violations of NPDES limits have
also occurred.
3. Regression analyses of the past 4 years of monthly average TSS
and BOD concentrations versus flows in the range of 16 to 20 mgd yielded
no significant relationships (correlation coefficient <0.15). This
indicates that, to date, no relationship has developed to link increased
wastewater flow in the range observed with diminished plant performance.
It is probable that alteration of nearly two-thirds of the plant to
accommodate phosphorus removal experiments since early 1976 is the cause
of reduced removal efficiencies and increased effluent BOD concentrations,
particularly since the plant was previously operating at optimum treat-
ability levels.
4. During the NEIC study, the Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP was not in
compliance with its NPDES permit limitations. Effluent data collected
during April 1-8, 1977 indicated the plant exceeded its NPDES 7-day
average concentration limits for BOD (18 vs. 15 mg/1) and TSS (39 vs. 30
mg/1). The NPDES 7-day loading limits for TSS were also exceeded (2,400
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vs. 2,300 kg/day). In addition, the plant failed to meet its >_ 85%
removal efficiency requirement for TSS (76%). Fecal coliform bacteria
limits for 7-day average were also exceeded (3,900 vs. 400/100 ml). The
daily maximum fecal coliform bacteria limit of 2,000/100 ml was exceeded
in 9 of 14 samples collected with densities ranging from 2,200 to
49,000/100 ml. Limitations prohibiting the discharge of toxic substances
also were violated.
5. Composite and grab samples collected by NEIC were compared to
those collected by Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP. Results indicated comparable
TSS values. BOD values determined by NEIC were generally lower than
WPCP results. There was a significant difference between fecal coliform
bacteria results; in no instance was the density determined by the WPCP
as great as those determined by NEIC. A probable explanation for this
difference is the different analytical technique used by the WPCP and
NEIC. The WPCP uses the membrane filter technique which, when used with
chlorinated wastewater, yields variable recoveries and consistently
lower results than the MPN technique used by NEIC.
WATER QUALITY INVESTIGATION
1. A zone-of-mixing study conducted by NEIC on March 24, 1977
indicated the WPCP effluent was completely mixed in the Truckee River
1,200 m (3,800 ft) downstream from the confluence with Steamboat Creek.
Truckee River flow during the study was 12.3 m /sec (436 cfs). It is
estimated that the geography of the stream, including sharp bends, will
greatly influence the mixing distance and, in most instances complete
mixing will occur by the time the wastewaters reach the U.S. Geological
Survey (USGS) Vista gaging station, 2,100 m (6,900 ft) downstream from
Steamboat Creek.
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2. The WPCP was the major source of BOD, total phosphorous (P),
and total nitrogen (N) loads in the Truckee River immediately downstream
from the plant, contributing 69%, 79%, and 77% respectively.
3. No significant DO sag occurred downstream from WPCP discharges.
DO concentrations upstream of the plant averaged 10.8 mg/1 with a daily
average range of 10.3 to 11.2 mg/1. Average DO concentrations 16.6 km
(10.3 mi.) downstream from the WPCP were 9.9 mg/1 with a daily average
range of 9.5 to 10.3 mg/1.
4. Of the total dissolved solids (IDS) loading in the Truckee
immediately downstream from the WPCP, 19% was contributed by the WPCP,
20% by Steamboat Creek and 14% by North Truckee Drain. The remaining
48% was already borne by the Truckee River upstream of the tributaries
and WPCP.
5. Of the chloride loading in the Truckee immediately downstream
from the WPCP, 25% was contributed by the WPCP, 40% by Steamboat Creek
and 6.7% by North Truckee Drain. The remaining 28% was carried by the
Truckee upstream of the tributaries and WPCP.
6. Total phosphorus (P) concentrations upstream of the WPCP dis-
charge and the two tributaries averaged 0.09 mg/1. Inputs, primarily
from the WPCP, caused total phosphorus (P) concentrations to increase to
0.56 mg/1 at the Vista gaging station, 2.1 km (1.3 mi) downstream from
the WPCP. Concentrations remained nearly constant, equaling 0.56 mg/1
at the Southern Pacific Railroad Bridge near Patrick, 16.6 km (10.3 mi)
downstream from the WPCP.
7. Nitrogen forms upstream of the tributaries and WPCP included
concentrations of organic nitrogen (N), ammonia-N, and nitrite plus
nitrate (N) of 0.39, 0.13, and 0.11 mg/1, respectively. Incoming
nitrogen loads, primarily from the WPCP, resulted in an increase in
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8
downstream nitrogen forms. Concentrations of organic nitrogen (N),
ammonia-N and nitrite plus nitrate (N) at the Vista gaging station were
1.03, 1.02, and 0.66 mg/1, respectively. Nitrogen concentrations
downstream from the Vista gage indicated a gradual increase in nitrite
plus nitrate to 1.3 mg/1 at the Southern Pacific Railroad Bridge (RM
10.3), offset by a gradual decrease in ammonia (N) to 0.85 mg/1. Or-
ganic nitrogen (N), on the other hand, remained relatively constant at
1.11 mg/1.
8. Discharge from the WPCP caused Truckee River geometric mean
fecal coliform (FC) densities to increase from 13/100 ml upstream of the
plant to 90/100 ml at the Vista gage, 2.1 km (1.3 mi) downstream of the
plant. No Salmonella were detected upstream of the plant. However,
Salmonella enteritidis were isolated both in the WPCP effluent and at
the Vista station downstream from the plant, indicating the plant was
the source of these pathogenic organisms.
BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS
1. Native Lahontan cutthroat trout exhibited 50% mortality in a
96-hour exposure (LC5Q) to a mixture of 73% unchlorinated Reno-Sparks
Joint WPCP effluent and 27% Truckee River water. This mixture contained
12.8 mg/1 total ammonia-N or 0.17 mg/1 un-ionized ammonia-N. In a
second bioassay, the LC5Q (50% mortality level) was determined to be a
mixture of 12% chlorinated effluent and 88% Truckee River water in
violation of NPDES permit limitations. This mixture contained 0.05 mg/1
residual chlorine and a minor amount (0.02 mg/1) of un-ionized ammonia-N.
From the results of these bioassays, it is concluded that residual
chlorine was the principal toxic component of the Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP
effluent during the NEIC study. To reduce chlorine residuals to non-
toxic levels while maintaining adequate disinfection, alternative dis-
infection practices or dechlorination must be implemented.
LC^. indicates the concentration (actual or interpolated) at which
50% of the test organisms died or would be expected to die.
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2. To meet the requirements of the NPDES permit and Nevada Water
Quality Standards, total ammonia-N concentrations in the plant effluent
should average 7.7 mg/1, a 56% reduction from ammonia-N concentrations
measured in bioassays (17.6 mg/1). This limitation was calculated from
bioassay data and represents the value which will provide 100% survival
of Lahontan cutthroat trout in acute 96-hour exposures in undiluted,
unchlorinated effluent. The concentration limit is independent of
wastewater flow.
3. Using application factors of 1/20 (24-hour average) and 1/10
(maximum not to be exceeded) of LC5Q values, it was calculated that the
following average and maximum concentrations would guarantee protecting
Truckee River biota on a long-term (chronic) basis: 0.6 and 1.3 mg/1
total ammonia-N; 0.01 and 0.02 mg/1 un-ionized ammonia-N; and, 0.0025
and 0.005 mg/1 residual chlorine. Based on wastewater flows observed
during the survey and Truckee River flows (177 cfs) projected to be ex-
ceeded 99% of the time, chronic toxicity will be prevented if the Reno-
Sparks Joint WPCP effluent total ammonia-N concentrations average 3.4
mg/1 and do not exceed 6.8 mg/1. This is an average reduction of 81%
from bioassay concentrations (17.6 mg/1). If wastewater flows increase
to 30 mgd, average effluent concentrations would be 1.8 mg/1, a reduction
of 90%. Without ammonia removal facilities and assuming present flows
from the plant, and bioassay NH3-N concentrations, Truckee River flows
of 857 and 374 cfs will be necessary to produce 1/20 and 1/10 LC5Q
values. It is projected that 857 cfs will be exceeded 23% of the time
during the entire year and 53% during spawning; flows will exceed 374
cfs 75% of the time during all months and 85% during spawning.
4. In violation of NPDES permit limitations, mortalities occurred
among caged cutthroat trout in the Truckee River downstream from the
Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP discharge. Mortalities were most severe in the
effluent mixing zone, and less severe downstream to the Southern Pacific
Railroad Bridge near Vista, 1.2 miles downstream from the discharge.
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10
Because ammonia concentrations (0.03 mg/1 or 1/8 EC5Q) were lower than
levels determined to be acutely toxic, the Truckee River toxicity is
attributed to residual chlorine.
5. Macroinvertebrate distribution was influenced by the presence
of the Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP discharge. Abundance, community structure,
and variety reflected clean water conditions in areas upstream of the
discharge. In the effluent plume and the Truckee River downstream from
the mixing zone, community structure was altered and variety decreased.
At Patrick, 16.6 km (10.3 mi) downstream from the discharge, complete
recovery was evident.
6. Periphyton growth was severely depressed by the toxicity of
the Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP discharge. Recovery was detected within 10.3
river miles, and profuse growths occurred. Algal growth potential (AGP)
tests showed that the effluent stimulated algal growth. Although both
nitrogen and phosphorus were growth-stimulating nutrients, phosphorus is
the more sensitive nutrient for effecting reductions in algal growth.
Each reduction of 1.0 yg/1 of phosphorus will produce a 0.14 to 0.76
mg/1 reduction of algal growth.
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III. NPDES COMPLIANCE MONITORING
PLANT DESCRIPTION AND PERFORMANCE
The Reno-Sparks Joint Water Pollution Control Plant consists of a
modified activated sludge process [Figure 2] with the following design
criteria:
Average design flow 20 mgd
Peak design flow 32 mgd
Influent BOD 200 mg/1
Effluent BOD 10 mg/1
Influent TSS 200 mg/1
Effluent TSS 10 mg/1
On June 9, 1976, NEIC conducted a Pilot Compliance Monitoring (PCM)
Inspection at the Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP to evaluate self-monitoring
practices. With few exceptions, these were found to be acceptable.
Past self-monitoring data indicate the WPCP personnel have done a
commendable job in operating the plant. Mean monthly TSS and BOD
values, based on daily composite samples collected over the past 4 years
[Table 1], were 14 and 9 mg/1, respectively. This performance record
has conclusively documented the ability of the treatment process units
to achieve NPDES limits (BOD and TSS 30-day limits of 10 and 20 mg/1,
respectively). Percent removal efficiencies averaged 95.0 and 96.2%,
respectively. It should be noted that these average removal efficien-
cies may be higher than actual since the WPCP influent sampling site is
downstream from the waste activated sludge return flow.
Despite this commendable overall performance record, NPDES viola-
tions of monthly average TSS and BOD limitations, as documented by the
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12
CONTROLLED OVERFLOW
TO STEAMOOAT CREEK
EFFLUENT SEV/AGE
TO STEAMDOAT CREEK.,
INTERCEPTOR 023
0240 x.
TRUCKEE MEADOWS
INTERCEPTOR
HEAOWORKS (BAR RACKS/1
AND COMMINUTORS)-
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS
CHLORINE CONTACT CHAMBER
CHLORINE INJECTOR
! POSxT flST"
TANK
LFCEND
@} INFLUENT SEWAGE PUMP
SECONDARY
SEDIMENTATION
TANK NO I
SECONDARY
SEDIMENTATION
TANK NO 2
SECONDARY
SEDIMENTATION
TANK NO 3
AERATION
TANK NO. I
GRIT TANK
7
AERATION
TANK NO. 2
-K
PRIMARY
SEDIMENTATION
TANK NO I
AERATION
TANK NO. 3
-tt
PRIMARY
SEDIMENTATION
TANK NO. 2
PRIMARY
SEDIMENTATION
TANK NO 3
-CO-
PIPELINES
»
RS-
-RAS-
-WftS-
SET OF TWO PROCESS PUMPS
FLOW METER
SLIDE GATE. NORMALLY CLOSED
SEWAGE FLOW STREAM
RAW bLUOGE AND SCUM
RETURN ACTIVATED SLUDGE
WASTE ACTIVATED SLUDGE
DS DIGESTED SLUDGE
0 DRAIN TO HE.AOWORKS
x NEIC Sampling Point
Figure 2. Reno-Sparks Joint Water Pollution Control Plant
Schematic Diagram
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Table J
C DATA
RENO-SPARKS JOIttV HATER IVLLUTION CONTROL PLANT
13
Year/
Month
1973
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
r
May
June
July
Aug.
g
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
1973 Avg.
1974
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
1974 Avg.
1975
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
1975 Avg.
1976
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
1976 Avg.
1977
Jan.
Flow
mgd
18.3
18.2
17.6
17.9
17.8
19.2
20.4
19.3
17.4
16.8
16.5
16.3
18.0
16.9
16.0
16.7
16.8
17.7
Pho
18.8
19.2
19.6
18.8
17.8
17.0
16.8
17.7
17.8
17.9
17.7
17.7
17.8
18.8
19.32
19.52
19.86
18.45
17.96
17.59
18.37
17.74
17.34
18.18
18.04
18.78
19.49
20.52
20. 3^
19.28
18.27
17.71
17.11
18.57
16.99
BOD
Influent Effluent Removal
mg/1 mg/1 2
211
242
212
158
130
168
124
104
155
196
210
181
174
175
259
301
272
272
Strip System
210
207
_
283
274
293
288
258
262
187
187
232
203
191
125
176
194
214
239
253
205
179
207
260
282
288
236
253
231
307
248
285
295
256
299
5
4
6
8
4
4
12
3
6
8
9
6
6
6
8
11
7
5
97.6
98.4
97.2
94.9
96.9
97.6
90.3
97.1
96.1
95.9
95.7
96.7
96.6
96.6
96.8
96.4
97.4
98.2
Experiments, June
10
6
-
6
5
9
8
7
6
7
6
11
10
9
9
8.6
9
11
8
8
9
10
9
6
8
10
14
14
20
16
14
14
20
13
21
95.2
97.1
-
97.9
98.2
97.9
97.2
97.3
97.7
96.3
96.8
95.2
95.1
95.3
93
95
95
95
97
97
96
94
96
98
97
97
94
94
91
95
95
95
93
95
93
TSS
Influent Effluent Removal
mg/1 mg/1 %
263
284
260
272
259
248
251
260
265
252
267
266
263
270
274
303
291
268
1974 - Jan.
259
266
239
255
278
288
281
273
270
196
233
262
277
248
253
250
298
343
365
267
271
251
276
320
283
302
263
254
282
262
272
323
282
28T
285
11
10
20
15
12
11
11
12
11
1C
9
14
12
14
12
17
17
16
1977
21
15
16
12
12
11
12
15
12
17
16
16
14
13
12
11
13
13
14
15
14
12
13
11
11
11
13
12
17
15
18
21
17
14
17
95.8
96.5
92.3
94.5
95.4
95.6
95.6
95.4
95.9
96.0
96.6
94.7
95.4
94.8
95.6
94.4
94.2
94.0
91.9
94.4
93.3
95.3
95.7
96.2
95.7
94.5
95.7
91.3
93.1
93.9
94.9
94.8
95
96
96
96
96
94
95
95
95
97
96
96
95
95
94
95
93
93
94
95
94
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14
WPCP self-monitoring program, have occurred [Figure 3]. Apparent vio-
lations of BOD occurred in April and October 1975, and every month since
May 1976. The only TSS violation occurred in November 1976.
Wastewater flows have steadily increased since 1974 [Table 1],
reaching a yearly average of 18.57 mgd in 1976, or 93% of design flow.
More importantly, monthly average flows have periodically exceeded the
20 mgd design flow. As flows increase, a point is reached where treat-
ment plant performance must diminish. To determine whether or not such
a point has been reached, monthly average TSS, BOD, and flow values,
based on daily composite sampling from 1973 through 1976, were subjected
to regression analyses. The analyses performed included least squares
determinations for linear (y = ax + b), power (y = ax ) and exponential
h V V
(y = ae and y = ab ) relationships. All correlation coefficients were
less than 0.15, indicating that to date, no relationship has developed
to link increased flows with diminished plant performance.
NEIC COMPLIANCE MONITORING
Sampling Techniques
During March 28 to April 8, 1977, the NEIC conducted a study at the
Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP to determine NPDES compliance. Influent and
effluent flow-proportional composite samples for a wide range of param-
eters [Table 2] were'collected. In addition, a number of grab samples
were collected [Table 3] to note diurnal variations. All samples requir-
ing holding were stored at 4°C and preserved by prescribed EPA tech-
niques. NEIC chain-of-custody [Appendix B] and analytical quality
control procedures [Appendix C] were followed. All samples were either
analyzed on site in an NEIC mobile laboratory or air freighted to the
NEIC laboratory in Denver, Colorado for analyses.
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mg/1
36
34
32
30
28
26
24
22
18
r
!
F
h
r
f
t
r
fi-
<«i
e oT
X xB
NPDES TSS LIMITATION (30-DAY)
7\ /
16
TSS (mg/1)
BOD (mg/1)
* NPDES BOD LIMITOTIUlP (30%Y)
!'J
8
6
4
2
/ ^«. -' \ j/
/ .X " ^X * >
I !^n iF^b |f?rjAor |f-Vw |Jiin» 'i-il vlAu" Spn'JOc*" IN"1/ I PPC Jan J^ph \M»r \ br.r \ Mrivl.Ji.'p'^JiiljjJAu.nJ S^ptlPrt i'-'r>v]l"io'- f"'^n.
| 1975 1976 (ivy/
Figure 3. Self-Momtonng Data
Reno-Sparks Joint UPCP
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Table 2
COMPOSITE SAMPLING DATA
REUO-SPARKS JOINT WPCP
March 28-April 8, 1977
Sampling Station Sampling
DateT
Station 0230 3/29
Reno-Sparks 3/30
Influent 3/31
Interceptor 4/1
4/2
4/3
4/4
Average 3/29-4/4
Average 4/1-4/4
Station 0240 3/29
Truckee Meadows 3/30
Influent 3/31
Interceptor 4/1
4/2
4/3
4/4
Average 3/29-4/4
Average 4/1-4/4
Station 0260 3/29
Effluent in 3/30
Chlorine Contact 3/31
Chamber 4/1
4/2
4/3
4/4
Average 3/29-4/4
Station 0265 4/1
Effluent at Chlorine4/2
Contact Chamber 4/3
Weir 4/4
4/5
4/6
4/7
4/8
Average 4/1-4/8
Average 4/1-4/4
Removal Eff. 4/1-4/4
Flow
m3/day
x TO"5
21
20
20
20
23
19
20
20
21
40
41
41
40
38
42
39
40
40
61
61
61
61
61
61
59
61
61
61
61
59
62
61
61
62
61
61
mgd
5.5
5.3
5.3
5.3
6.1
5.1
5.3
5.4
5.5
10.7
10.8
10.9
10.7
10.0
11.1
10.4
10.7
10.6
16.2
16.1
16.2
16.0
16.1
16.2 '
15.7
16.1
16.0
16.1
16.2
15.7
16.5
16.0
16.0
16.3
16.1
16.0
BOD
mg/1 kg/day
180 3,700
130 2,600
160 3,200
120 2,400
120 2,800
160 3,100
210 4,200
150 3,100
153 3,100
80It 3,200
65" 2,700
98!7 4,000
881"r 3,600
180 6,800
110 4,600
102 4,000
103 4,100"
120 4,800
39 2,400
40.. 2,400
15TT 920
22 1,300
23 1,400
20 1,200
18 1,100
25 1,500
10 610
16 970
17 1,000
17 1,000
17 1,100
16 970
27 1 ,600
22 1,400
18 1,100
15 900
Ib/day
8,300
5,700
7,100
5,300
6,100
6,800
9,300
6,900
6,900
7,100
5,900
8,900
7,900
15,000
10,000
8,900
9,100
10,000
5,300
5,400
2,000
2,900
3,100
2,700
2,400
3,400
1,300
2,100
2,300
2,200
2,300
2,100
3,500
3,000
2,400
2,000
88
TSS
mg/1 kg/day
210 4.400
150 3,000
320 6,400
200 4,000
87 2,000
110 2,100
360 7,200
210 4,200
190 3.800
98 4.000
64 2.600
95 3,900
100 4,000
200 7,600
120 5,000
150 5,900
120 4,700
140 5,600
soolJTsi ,000
240lIIl5,000
120lll7,400
78^114.700
96ILL5.800
. 50 3,100
55 3,300
160 10,000
38 2,300
40 2,400
24 1,500
48 2,900
41 2.600
44 2.700
33 2,000
42 2,600
39 2,400
38 2.300
Ib/day
9.600
6,600
14,000
8.800
4,400
4,700
16.000
9,200
8,500
8,800
5,300
8,600
8,900
17,000
11,000
13,000
10,000
12,000
68,000
32.000
16,000
10.000
13.000
7,000
7,000
22,000
5,100
5,400
3,200
6,300
5,600
5,900
4,400
5,700
5,200
5,000
76
mg/1
440
400
380
360
390
320
340
380
350
400
380
380
370
400
370
390
380
380
380
370
380
340
370
310
300
350
330
380
320
320
400
400
410
420
370
340
IDS
kg/day
9,200
8,000
7,600
7,200
9,000
6,200
6,800
7,700
7,300
16,000
16,000
16,000
15,000
15,000
16,000
15,000
16,000
15,000
23,000
23,000
23,000
21 ,000
23,000
19,000
18,000
21 ,000
20.000
23.000
20,000
19.000
25,000
24,000
25,000
26,000
23,000
21 .000
Chloride
Ib/day
20,000
18,000
17,000
16,000
20,000
14.000
15,000
17,000
16,000
36,000
34,000
35,000
33,000
33,000
34,000
34,000
34,000
34,000
51 ,000
50,000
51 ,000
45,000
50,000
42,000
39,000
47,000
45,000
51 ,000
43,000
42,000
55,000
53,000
55,000
57,000
50,000
45.000
10
mg/1
55
42
32
30
30
28
26
35
29
16
28
28
33
33
35
25
28
32
44
40
41
35'
40
35
35
39
35
40
35
34
41
45
44
44
40
36
kg/day
1.100
840
640
600
690
540
520
700
600
650
1.100
,200
.300
,200
,500
,000
.100
.300
2,700
2,400
2.500
2.100
2,400
2,100
2.100
2,300
2.100
2.400
2.100
2.000
2.600
2,700
2,700
2,700
2,400
2.200
Ib/day
2.500
,900
,400
,300
,500
.200
.100
,600
1,300
1,400
2,500
2,500
2,900
2,800
3,200
2,200
2,500
2.800
5,900
5,400
5.500
4.700
5,400
4,700
4,600
5,200
4,700
5,400
4,700
4.500
5,600
6,000
5,900
6,000
5,400
4,800
-17
-------
Table 2 (Continued)
COMPnSTTF SAfl'LT.-lG DATA
SEHO-ST.\HKS JOINT VifP
Mar,:* 28-/,pril 8, 1377
Sampling Station Sampling
Date*
Station 0230 3/29
Reno-Sparks 3/30
Influent 3/31
Interceptor 4/1
4/2
4/3
4/4
Average 3/29-4/4
Average 4/1-4/4
Station 0240 3/29
Truckee Meadows 3/30
Influent 3/31
interceptor 4/1
4/2
4/3
4/4
Average 3/20-4-4
Average 4/1-4/4
Station C260 3/29
E'flueat in 3/30
Chlorine Contact 3/31
Chanber 4/1
4/2
4/3
Average 3/29-4/4
Station 0265 «/l
Effl-er.t at 4/2
Cnlorins Contact 4/3
Cfa-.se.- Weir 4/4
4/5
4/6
4/7
4/8
Average 4/1-4/8
Average 4/1-4/4
Reroval Eff. 4/1-4/4
Flow
m'/day mgd
x 10s
21
20
20
20
23
19
20
20
21
40
41
41
40
38
42
39
40
40
61
61
61
61
61
61
59
61
61
61
61
59
62
61
61
62
61
61
5.5
5.3
5.3
5.3
6.1
5.1
5.3.
5.4
5.5
10.7
10.8
10.9
10.7
10.0
11.1
10.4
10.7
10.6
16.2
16 1
16.2
16.0
15.1
16 2
15.7
16.1
lb.0
16 1
Id. 2
15.7
16.5
16.0
16.0
16.3
16 1
16.0
Temp.
ec
14.9
15.7
15.3
16.0
15.7
15.5
16.1
15.6
1E.C
15.7
15.5
16..1
13.6
18.5
18.9
17.0
15.8
PH
8.1
8.0
8.7
8.1
7.4
7.2
7.3
7.2-8.7
7.2-8.1
7.2
7.1
7.2
7.1
8.4
7.0
7.8
7.0-8.4
7.0-8.4
7.9
7.2
7.7
8.0
7.3
7.5
7.3
7.2-8.0
7.2
7.3
7.0
7.1
7.2
7.5
7.2
7.4
7.0-7.5
7.0-7.3
Un- unionized
Ammonia /'imioma-N
mg/T"
'0.41
0.07
.0.23
0.45
0.09
0.12
0.10
0.21
0.07
0.08
0 04
0.05
0.08
0.16
0.09
0.08
0.06
mg/l
19.6
17.4
16 8
19.8
18.8
21.2
20.4
19.1
20.1
18.0
16.4
16.4
19.2
19.8
19.2
22.4
18.8
20.2
19.6
15.6
16.4
15.6
16.0
13.6
16.6
16.2
14.4
14.4
14.2
14.8
15.0
14.6
13.8
15.6
14.6
14.5
ko/dsy
410
350
340
400
430
410
410
390
410
730
670
680
730
750
810
880
760
810
1,200
950
1,000
940
970
830
990
980
870
880
870
880
940
£30
840
960
890
880
Ib/day
900
770
740
830
960
900
900
860
910
.600
,500
,500
,700
,700
,300
,900
,700
,80U
2,600
2,100
2,200
2,100
2,100
1,800
2,200
2,200
1,900
1,900
1,900
1,900
2,100
1,900
1.800
2.100
1,900
1,900
30
Organic Hitrogen(N)
mg/l kg/day Ib/day
28.6
12.4
15.2
20.4
12.8
13.4
18.6
17.3
16.3
21.2
8 6
10.0
14.8
20.2
11 2
8.2
13.5
13.6
27.0
6.4
5.2
11 0
8 2
12.6
5.8
10.8
10.8
27.6
11.2
13.0
12.0
16.4
16. &
16.2
15.5
15.7
600
250
300
410
300
260
370
360
340
860
350
410
600
760
470
320
540
540
1.700
390
320
670
500
770
340
670
650
1.700
690
770
750
990
1.000
l.COO
940
950
1.300
550
670
900
650
570
820
780
740
1.900
780
910
1.300
1.700
1.000
710
1,200
1,200
3,700
860
700
1,500
1.100
1.700
760
1.500
1,400
3,700
1,500
1,700
1.700
2.200
2.200
2.200
2.100
2.100
-8
NO
mg/l
7.0
2.4
l.l
3.?
2.4
1.6
0.4
3.1
1.9
1.8
2.0
2.0
0.4
2.1)
0 4
0.4
1.3
0.8
14.3
9.6
6 4
2.1
3..!
2.0
2.0
5.8
3 6
3.2
2.4
2.4
1.6
2.0
2.4
3.2
2.6
2.9
2*N03
kg/day
150
48
96
64
55
31
8.0
65
40
73
82
83
16
76
17
16
52
31
910
5&0
390
150
190
120
120
350
223
190
150
MO
100
120
150
200
160
18C
W
Ib/day
320
110
210
140
120
68
18
140
90
160
180
130
36
170
37
35
110
70
2,000
1.300
870
320
-20
270
2£0
7&0
430
43C
320
310
220
270
320
440
353
390
-144
Total Phosohor-js(Fl
Sg71 kg/day Ib/day
5.5
7.0
5.8
7.8
6.8
8.5
9.2
7.2
8.1
5.2
4.8
5.0
6.5
8.0
8 8
7.2
6.5
7.6
3.2
5.0
4.0
6.8
6.5
6.0
6.8
5.5
6.8
6.8
7.2
7.8
8.0
7.2
6.0
6.2
7.0
7.2
110
140
120
160
160
ieo
ISO
150
170
210
200
210
260
300
370
230
260
300
200
300
250
410
400
370
430
330
410
410
440
4£3
SCO
440
350
330
430
430
250
310
Z63
340
353
353
410
330
360
460
430
450
510
570
823
620
5£0
670
430
670
543
910
670
81C
890
730
910
91P
970
l.COO
1.130
960
300
843
9-3
550
3
t Coyssit-'.r.g period aas 0703-0700. Date listed is day period ended.
tt CO depletions uere less cnan the reaomended 2 mg/l.
ttt Accuse of a. sarpling proolen these TSS values are not considered representative.
See test for explanation.
-------
18
Table S
CRAB SAMPLING DATA
RENO-SPARKS JOINT WPCP
March 28-April 7, 1977
Station Description Sampling
Date & Time
Station 0260 3/29 0600
Effluent after 1145
chlorination 1445
1705
2020
2300
0150
0525
Dally Avg.
3/30 1110
1200
1410
1600
1710
1940
2245
0145
0535
Dally Avg.
3/31 0800
1103
1200
1400
1600
1637
1945
2245
0145
0510
Dally Avg.
4/1 0800
)055
1200
1405
1600
1645
1935
2250
0150
' 0505
Dally Avg.
4/2 0800
1055
1200
1415
1600
1650
1925
2240
0125
0500
Daily Avg. %
4/3 1055
1410
1645
1930
2235
0135
0!>00
Dally Avg.
4/4 10!)5
1420
1650
1930
2230
0130
0450
Daily Avg.
4/5 0800
1?00
1600
27U3
0?00
0500
Dally Avg.
DO
9.3
9.2
9.1
8.9
9.1
9.0
9.3
9.6
9.2
8.8
9.0
9.2
9.2
9.0
9.6
9.5
9.2
9.0
9.0
11.4
8.6
7.8
8.0
7.8
8.8
7.3
7.2
7.3
8.5
7.2
7.8
8.5
7.7
8.1
9.4
8.6
8.7
6.9
9.2
7.2
8.3
8.8
8.2
7.3
8.2
6.8
8.6
7.6
7.9
9.0
7.8
7.6
8.5
7.4
8.8
8.4
8 2
Temp .
°C
14.0
16.0
15.5
15.5
16.0
14.0
14.0
14.0
14.9
16.0
16.6
16.0
15.1
16 0
15.0
16.0
15.5
15.0
15.7
16.0
16.0
15.8
15.0
15.5
15.5
15.0
15.0
14.5
15.0
15.3
15.8
16.0
19.9
16.5
16.5
16.0
16.0
15.0
15.0
13.0
16.0
15.5
16.0
18.0
15.5
16.0
16.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
15.7
15.5
16.0
16.0
16.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
15.5
16.5
17 5
17.0
17.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
16.1
16.7
21.3
20.1
16.5
18.6
PH
7.3
7.4
7.7
7.1
7.9
7.7
7.8
7.9
7.1-7.9
7.5
7.3
7.7
7.2
8.0
7.9
7.9
8.2
7.9
7.2-8.2
7.4
7.4
7.2
7.8
7.3
7.9
7.3
7.7
7.3
7.4
7.2-7.9
7.0
7.4
6.9
7.4
6.9
7.3
7.6
7.4
7.4
8.0
6.9-8.0
7.0
7.5
6.9
7.1
7.0
7.4
7.9
7.3
7.4
7.3
6.9-7.9
7.5
7.4
7.2
7.6
7.3
8.2
7.3
7.2-8.2
7.4
7.2
7.7
7.6
7.3
7.0
7.6
7.0-7.7
7.1
7.1
7.1
7.1
7.1-7.1
Un- ionized
Aiiiiioma-H
mg/1
0.46
0.22
0.28
0.35
0.33
0.08
0.06
0.37
0.39
0.74
0.34
0.33
0.11
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.24
0.09
0.11
0.11
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.23
0.13
0.13
0.44
0.15
' ' 0.04
0.03
0.04
0.39
0.10
0.10
0.08
0.11
0.21
0.09
0.62
0.07
0.25
0.23
0.10
0.05
0.17
0.14
0.00
O.OG
0.07
0.06
0.06
Aiiiuonia-N
aig/1
20.0
17.8
17.9
17.5
18.3
13.4
15.0
17.6
17.0
17.2
16.2
16.1
15.6
13.8
13.6
17.6
17.6
16.6
15.8
15.8
17.2
14.2
17.6
20.0
18.6
19.4
19.0
18.0
14.4
12.8
14.2
18.6
19.0
14.6 '
14.8
15.5
17.8
15.6
15.0
13.4
15.5
18.4
18.4
16.8
15.6
17.3
13.8
11. Q
14.2
1ft. 0
16.2
14.8
14.7
NO, ft NO,(N)
Zmg/l 3
12.0
11.0
8.2
9.6
10.2
17.6
12.0
6.8
4.4
4.8
4.8
8.4
5.6
8.0
8.0
4.0
4.0
3.2
3.2
5.1
0.8
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
1.0
2.8
4.4
1.6
0.8
0.4
1.2
1.6
1.8
1.2
1.2
1.6
1.6
1.4
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
2.0
2.4
2.4
2.0
2.0
2.4
2.2
Residual
Chlorine
mg/1
1.3
0.33
0.43
0.59
0.66
0.16
0.23
0.50
0.43
0.33
0.20
0.50
0.20
0.23
0.28
0.16
0.26
0.66
0.16
0.31
0.23
0.66
0.43
0.53
0.46
0.89
0.46
1.0
0.40
0.69
0.82
0.13
0.63
0.23
0.45
-------
Table 3 (Continued)
CRAB SAMPLING DATA
19
Station Description Soiiiplimp
Date & Time
Station 02GO
(Continued)
Station 0250
Effluent prior to
chlorination
4/6 1700
1600
2000
2400
0400
Daily Avcj.
4/7 0800
1200
1COO
2000
2400
0400
Daily Avg.
3/29 2025
2300
0150
0525
Daily Avg.
3/30 1200
1600
1940
2245
0145
0535
Daily Avg.
3/31 0800
1200
1600
1945
2245
0145
0510
Daily Avg.
4/1 0800
1200
1600
1935
2250
0150
0505
Daily Avg.
4/2 0800
1200
1600
1925
2240
0135
0501
Daily Avg.
4/3 1930
2235
0135
0500
Daily Avg.
4/4 1930
2230
0130
0450
Dally Avg.
4/5 0800
1200
1600
Daily Avg.
4/6 1?00
Daily Avg.
4/7 0(100
1?00
1600
Daily Avg.
Temp.
"C
22.2
20.2
17.3
16.9
16.1
18.5
18.8
22.8
20.4
17.9
16.8
16.4
18.9
14.5
14.0
14.0
14.0
14.1
16.6
15.1
15.0
16.0
15.5
15.0
15.5
16.0
15.8
15.5
15.0
15.0
14.5
15.0
15.3
15.8
16.0
19.9
16.0
15.0
15.0
13.0
15.8
15.5
15.0
15.0
15.0
15 0
15.1
16.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
15.3
17.0
15.0
15.0
13.0
15.0
16.7
21.3
20.1
19.4
22.2
18.8
22.8
20.4
20.7
Un-ioni/crl
pll Aiitiioiiia-N
riin/1
7.3
7.3
7.4
7.2
7.3
7.2-7.3
7.4
7.3
6.5
7.1
7.3
7.3
6.5-7.4
7.4
7.8
7.9
7.9
7.4-7.9
7.3
7.2
8.0
7.9
8.2
8.2
7.2-8.2
7.4
7.2
7.3
7.8
8.0
7.4
7.4
7.2-8.0
7.0
7.4
6.9
7.7
7.4
7.5
8.1
6.9-8.1
7.0
7.1
7.1
7.4
7.2
7.0-7.4
7.5
8.1
7.8
7.4
7.4-8.1
8.5
7.9
7.7
7.6
7.6-8.5
7.1
7.1
7.1
7.1-7.1
7.3
7.4
7.3
6.5
6.5-7.4
0.11
0.12
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.12
0.12
0.02
0.07
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.13
0.32
0.34
0.32
0.28
0.09
0.07
0.49
0.40
0.77
0.66
0.41
0.11
0.06
0.09
0.32
0.46
0.11
0.11
0.18
0.05
0.12
0.06
0.31
0.14
0.16
0.50
0.19
0.05
0.08
0.06
0.12
0.08
0.20
0.68
0.29
0.10
0.32
2.1
0.47
0.27
0.17
0.75
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.00
0.14
0.11
0.1?
0.02
0.08
Aninoniir"
nirj/1
11.6
15.2
18.4
15.6
14.2
15.0
13.2
12.2
15.6
17.6
15.4
13.8
14.6
19.4
20.0
17.4
16.6
18.4
13.4
16.8
18.6
17.6
17.8
16.0
16.7
15.6
14.2
15.8
19.2
17.4
16.0
15.6
16.3
18.2
16.0
17.4
21.4
21.2
18.4
17.2
18.5
17.2
16.0
16.4
22.2
19.0
17.6
17.6
18.0
21.2
19.0
17.2
16.2
18.4
22.8
22.0
20.0
18.8
20.9
16.8
15.6
18.0
16.8
15.0
12.4
12.?
16.6
13.7
Kcsiiluiil
NO, fi NO, (II) Chlorine
*mg/l J ni
-------
20
NEIC also conducted bioassay studies to determine compliance with
NPDES toxicity limitations. These will be covered later in this report
under "Biological Investigation."
Sampling Locations
Influent samples were collected hourly with automatic samplers from
the two interceptors entering the WPCP [Figure 2 and Table 2]. The
first is the Reno-Sparks Interceptor (Station 0230) which receives flow
from the Reno, the North Reno and the Sparks Interceptors. The second
is the Truckee Meadows Interceptor (Station 0240). With the existing
plant configuration it was impossible to collect a representative sample
from the interceptors after they combine in the WPCP headworks since
waste-activated sludge also enters there.
Initially, effluent composite samples were also collected hourly
with an automatic sampler at location 0260A [Figure 4]. When TSS data
for March 29, 30 and 31 indicated inordinately high TSS values [Table 2],
analytical techniques were checked and verified to be acceptable. The
sampling point was assumed to be in an eddy, thereby unrepresentative,
and moved on April 1, 1977 to location 0260B. In addition, sampling
Station 0265 was established at the siphon adjacent to the effluent weir
where the WPCP personnel collect their NPDES samples. Flow-proportional
composite samples of Station 0265 were manually collected at three-hour
intervals, commencing Thursday, March 31. TSS data collected at Station
0260B approximately 0.6 m (2 ft) below the surface continued to appear
unrepresentative when compared to Station 0265 results. A visual compari-
son between samples from 0260 (A and B) and 0265 revealed numerous tiny
grease balls in the former samples.
On April 2, 1977, the sampling station was again relocated to 0260C
at the turbulent downstream end of the post-aeration basin. TSS data
-------
CHLORINE CONTACT
CHAMBER
0265
EFFLUENT
X
O26OA~
POST AERATION BASIN
0260C
Figure 4. NEIC Sampling Locations - Reno/Sparks Joint WPCP Study
/March 28 - April 8, 1977
ro
-------
22
collected at Station 0260C were comparable to 0265 for April 4. Appar-
ently the combination of the turbulent post-aeration basin and the
quiescent chlorine contact chamber act like a dissolved air flotation
unit, floating tiny grease balls to the upper layers of the chamber
where the automatic sampler probe was located, thereby yielding erro-
neous TSS results. Wastewater going over the effluent weir, on the
other hand, is representative of the entire contents of the chamber, not
just the upper portion.
On April 4, 1977, manual sampling of Station 0265 was replaced by
hourly sampling with an automatic sampler. Data from Station 0265 were
used for NPDES compliance determinations. Data collected at Station
0260 for parameters other than TSS showed no appreciable difference from
Station 0265.
Flow Monitoring
Influent flow monitoring devices on the Reno-Sparks Interceptor
include individual metering at remote locations on each of the three
interceptors which comprise it. Both the Reno STP and North Reno in-
terceptors include Parshall flumes and bubbler gages from which flow
measurements are telemetered to the WPCP, recorded and totaled. The
Sparks Interceptor includes a Palmer Bowl us flume and bubbler gage from
which flow measurements are also telemetered to the WPCP, recorded and
totaled. The second interceptor entering the WPCP, Truckee Meadows,
also has a Parshall flume and bubbler gauge from which flow measurements
are telemetered to the WPCP, recorded and totaled.
The effluent flow monitoring device consists of a 26.3 ft broad-
crested weir at the downstream end of the chlorine contact chamber, from
which head measurements are telemetered into the WPCP, converted to
flow, recorded and totaled.
-------
23
Flow monitoring accuracy checks are performed by both WPCP and
Honeywell Inc. personnel. Plant personnel make manual head measure-
ments at the effluent weir every two weeks, convert the measurements
to flow, and compare them to flow meter readings. Honeywell personnel
check the entire influent and effluent sensing, telemetering and record-
ing system every three months. If metering problems are detected by
WPCP personnel, Honeywell is contacted for repair service.
Prior to the startup of the NEIC study, the effluent weir instal-
lation was checked and found to be acceptable. Flow measurement ac-
curacy was within +10% as ascertained by comparing manual measurements
to recorded values. On March 28, 1977, at the request of MEIC, a Honey-
well employee checked the influent and effluent flow metering systems.
All telemetering and recording was found to be accurate. There were,
however, two potential problems. The Truckee Meadows flume is periodi-
cally innundated by backwater from the WPCP and then gives erroneously
high readings. This results from defective flow pacing controls at the
headworks. At the time of the NEIC study, one variable-speed and one
constant-speed pump were being used to deliver flow from the wet well to
the treatment units. These pumps were incapable of evenly pacing the
flow into the plant, often resulting in backwater. A second variable-
speed pump was on site but inoperable. However, new controls were on
order to enable use of the second variable-speed pump. This will re-
portedly eliminate the backwater and enhance the treatment process
through even distribution of the flow to the treatment units.
A second flow monitoring problem existed at the site of the Reno
STP Interceptor Parshall flume. According to plant officials, high
summer flows cause choppy approach conditions in the converging section
of the flume, resulting in erroneously high readings. In the past,
Honeywell Inc. was instructed to calibrate the flow meter and then
manually reduce the actual reading by 23% of the previous month's
* Manufacturer of WPCP flow monitoring equipment.
-------
24
average flow. An inspection of the site on March 28, 1977 revealed no
unusual approach conditions. On March 29, 1977 the Honeywell employee
was instructed by the WPCP superintendent to readjust the metering to
give actual readings. If summer flow conditions do indeed cause un-
acceptable approach conditions, it is doubtful whether any one adjust-
ment would compensate for them. Accurate results would only be assured
by eliminating any .unacceptable approach conditions.
NPDES Compliance
Beginning approximately the morning of March 26 (Saturday), the
WPCP plant began to exhibit a noticeable increase in floe going over the
secondary clarifier weirs. As noted in the WPCP monitoring reports for
March and a portion of April [Appendix D], this upset was accompanied by
a marked increase in effluent TSS concentrations. Plant personnel tried
to correct this situation by both altering the amount of air in the
aeration basins and building new biomass. Their efforts were unsuccess-
ful and the upset continued for the duration of the NEIC study.
Effluent data collected during April 1-8, 1977 [Table 4] indicated
the plant was in violation of its NPDES 7-day concentration limits for
BOD (18 vs. 15 mg/1) and TSS (39 vs. 30 mg/1). NPDES 7-day loading
limits for TSS were also violated (2,400 vs. 2,300 kg/day). In addi-
tion, the plant failed to meet its >85% removal efficiency requirement
for TSS (76%). The effluent was also found to be toxic to cutthroat
trout. Fecal coliform bacteria limits for 7-day average were also
violated (3,900 vs. 400/100 ml). The daily maximum fecal coliform
bacteria limit of 2,000/100 ml was exceeded in 9 of 14 samples collected
with densities ranging from 2,200 to 49,000/100 ml [Table 5].
Self-Monitoring by Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP vs. NEIC Results
Composite and grab samples collected by NEIC were compared to those
-------
25
Dissolved
0
-------
26
Table 5
FECAL COLIFORM (MPN^/WO ML)
RENO-SPARKS 1-/PCP AND TRUCKEE RIVER
March 28-April 4y 1977
Station 0200
Truckee River
Date Upstream of Time
North Truckee
Drain
3/28
3/29
3/29
3/30
3/30
3/31
3/31
4/1
4/1
4/2
4/2
4/3
4/3
4/4
Geometric
Mean
5
33
2
79
17
33
<2
23
8
79
<2
33
4
33
13/100 ml
1215
0305
1130
0315
1135
0335
1130
0305
1120
0305
1140
0300
1135
0305
Station 0260
Effluent
after
Chlorination
7,900
2,200
3,300
790
33,000
49,000
4,900
400
1,300
800
13,000
2,300
33,000
1,300
3,900/100 ml
Time
1445
0525
1400
0535
1400
0510
1405
0505
1415
0500
1410
0500
1420
0450
Station 0270
Truckee River
at USGS Vista
Gauge
11
no
no
220
130
4,900
11
170
20
80
20
170
23
490
90/1 00ml
Time
1535
0345
1230
0350
1240
0305
1155
0330
1250
0325
1250
0325
1350
0325
t Most Probable Number.
-------
27
collected by Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP personnel [Table 6]. For the com-
posite days April 1-4, both WPCP and NEIC aliquot samples were collected
every 3 hours, 8 times per day. From April 5-8, aliquots were collected
every hour. The data indicate comparable TSS results. NEIC's BOD
values were generally lower than WPCP results. NEIC and WPCP fecal
coliform bacteria samples were collected at different times and with
varying chlorine residuals. Although this could cause some differences
in results, in no instance was the density determined by the WPCP as
great as some of the densities determined by NEIC. A probable expla-
nation is the difference in analytical techniques used by the WPCP and
NEIC. The WPCP uses the membrane filter technique which, when used with
chlorinated wastewaters, yields variable recoveries and consistently
lower results than the most probable number (MPN) technique used by NEIC.
Analysis of Plant Performance^
In the original permit [Appendix A], the plant was required to make
necessary plans to meet 30-day and 7-day limits for total phosphorus (as
POJ of 3.0 and 4.5 mg/1, respectively. From May 1974 to February 1977,
experiments were conducted at the Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP to determine
the most effective and economical means of meeting these limits. It was
concluded that a PhoStrip system marketed by Union Carbide Company, em-
ploying the luxury uptake of phosphorus, would be used. Experiments
with up to two-thirds of the plant flow were conducted until February
1977, when the State of Nevada ordered the project terminated. It was
alleged that the alteration of the activated sludge process to accommo-
date the PhoStrip experiments was causing NPDES BOD violations. Results
of the PhoStrip experiments indicated the proposed phosphorus (PO^)
limits of 3.0 and 4.5 mg/1 could be achieved.
The cause of the continuing BOD increases in the effluent since the
spring of 1976 [Figure 3] is apparently not a function of increased flow
in the range of approximately 16 to 20 mgd, as discussed previously,
-------
28
Table 6
COMPARISON BETWEEN RENO-SPARKS JOINT l/PCP
EFFLUENT SELF-MONITORING DATA AND NEIC STUDY DATA
March 29> 1977
Date1"
3/29
3/30
3/31
4/1
4/2
4/3
4/4
4/5
4/6
4/7
4/8
TSS
WPCP
mg/1
42
24
30
49
37
30
33
37
NEIC
38
40
24
48
41
44
33
42
BOD
WPCP
mg/1
22
28
26
16
33
30
30
27
NEIC
10
16
17
17
17
16
27
22
WPCP
MF
130
610
860
750
180
290
210
FC+t
NEICtft
MPN
7,900 2
3,300
33,000 49
4,900
1,300
13,000 2
33,000 1
,200
790
,000
400
800
,300
,300
t Dates refer to day compositing period ended.
tt Fecal Coliform - density/100 ml.
ttt Tuo grab samples collected per day.
-------
29
with respect to the statistical regression analysis. A more probable
cause is the alteration of the treatment process to accommodate the
experiments to develop a prototype phosphorus removal system to attain
the phosphorus effluent limitations discussed above. These experiments
began in May 1974 and required the use of one primary.clarifier, one
aeration basin, and one final clarifier. Beginning in early 1976, the
experiments were expanded to include nearly two-thirds of the plant
capacity. It is a reasonably probable that alteration of this much
plant capacity for the phosphorus removal experimental testing would
cause diminished plant performance, decreased removal efficiencies, and
consequent increasing BOD effluent concentrations, particularly since
the plant had been previously performing near the limits of optimal
operation for the activated sludge process.
-------
IV. WATER QUALITY - TRUCKEE RIVER
In conjunction with the WPCP evaluation, NEIC conducted studies on
the Truckee River to define the zone of mixing of WPCP discharges and
assess the effects of these discharges on the Truckee River.
EFFLUENT MIXING STUDY
On March 24, 1977, a study was conducted to define the zone of
mixing of the WPCP effluent in the Truckee River. A series of stakes
were set out at 150 m (500 ft) intervals on the Truckee River from
Steamboat Creek to the Southern Pacific Railroad Bridge, 1,885 m (6,183
ft) downstream [Figure 5]. Beginning at 0930, fluorescent dye of known
concentration was injected into the WPCP effluent at a constant rate of
14.3 ml/min. This rate was checked several times during the day and
ascertained to remain constant.
A dye injection period of approximately 6 hours was allowed before
sampling to assure a steady state in the study area. Surface samples
were then collected at each 20% increment of the stream width, beginning
at the Southern Pacific Railroad Bridge and moving upstream along the
aforementioned grid system toward Steamboat Creek. All samples were
returned to the WPCP where temperatures were recorded prior to injection
into a high-sensitivity f1uorometer for determination of dye concentra-
tions. The fluorometer had previously been calibrated with dye stan-
dards to provide a direct readout of dye concentration. Samples col-
lected on the Truckee River upstream of Steamboat Creek indicated there
was no background fluorescence.
-------
32
Radio Towffi.
(KOH)I ... !
LJ
X RENO/SPARKS WPCP
looo o iooo
E3ZEE;3 3 -^^--
1 5
SCALE 124000
u ^_ ^.:
Moi~3°°y^---^. WO FEET
1 KILOMETRE
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
DOTTED LINES REPRESbN! lOr:>OT CONIOURS
DATUM IS MFAN SEA LEVEL
Figure 5, Effluent Mixing in the Truclcec River, Reno/Sparks Study
March 24, 1977
-------
33
The dye concentration data indicated the effluent was completely
mixed at approximately 1,200 m (3,800 ft) downstream from Steamboat
Creek [Table 7], which corresponds to just downstream from the third
major bend in the stream. The effluent undergoes substantial mixing as
it passes the second bend, as evidenced by the difference in concen-
tration uniformity between the 550 m (1,800 ft) station and the 700 m
(2,300 ft) station.
Using the average dye concentration found at the Southern Pacific
Railroad Bridge, the flow in the Truckee River was calculated using the
following equation:
K is a constant dependent on the concentration and specific
gravity of the injected dye.
q is the dye injection rate in ml/min.
CQ is the adjusted dye concentration (mg/1) at the sample point.
Q = 86,64 (14.3) = 282 MGD
4'4 = 436 cfs
This value is considered accurate within +_ 3%.
Relating the zone of mixing defined above to other flow conditions,
the critical factor is most likely the geography of the stream rather
than the flow. The three sharp bends in the stream [Figure 5] prior to
the 1,200 m (3,800 ft) mark will afford mixing by this point for most
flows. To be conservative, a sampling point at the USGS Vista Gage at
approximately 2,100 m (6,900 ft) downstream from Steamboat Creek would
probably assure complete mixing.
WATER QUALITY STUDY
During March 28 to April 4, 1977, water quality sampling was con-
ducted at five locations on the Truckee River from approximately 2.9 km
-------
34
Table ?
EFFLUENT MIXING IN TRUCKEE RIVER
PENO-SPARKS JOINT WPCP
March 24, 1977
Sampling Point1"1''
(All Dye Concentrations in ppb)
1234 Avg
Station^
Ratio of Value
Farthest from
Average to Average
6183-ttf
5800
5300
4800
4300
3800
3300
2800
2300
1800
1300
800
200
4.5
4.4
4.3
4.4
4.3
4.2
5.0
4.6
4.8
5.4
6.9
13.9
9.4
4.5
4.5
4.3
4.2
4.4
4.3
5^.3
4.9
4.8
3.4
5.1
12.3
2.6
4.4
4.2
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.1
5.2
4.4
4.3
1.2
1.6
7.7
0.04
4.1
3.9
3.8
3.9
4.2
4.0
4.4
3.6
3.9
1.1
0.9
2.6
0.04
4.4
4.3
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.2
5.0
4.4
4.5
2.8
3.6
9.1
3,0
0.93
.91
.93
.93
.98
.95
.88
.82
.87
1.93
1.92
.29
3.13
t Station locations are numbers of feet downstream on Truckee
River from confluence with Steamboat Creek.
tt Sampling points are at 20% increments moving from left to
right while facing upstream.
ttt 6183 = Southern foci fie Railroad Bridge.
-------
(1.8 mi) upstream of the Reno-Sparks WPCP discharge to 16.6 km (10.3 mi)
downstream [Figure 6 and Table 8]. In addition, the two tributaries in
this stretch, North Truckee Drain and Steamboat Creek, were sampled.
The sampling schedule included:
TDS - 1 per 24-hr period at selected locations
Chloride - 1 per 24-hr at selected locations
BOD - 2 per 24-hr at all stations
Nutrient (N & P) - 4 per 24-hr at all stations
DO - 7 per 24-hr at all stations
Fecal coliform bacteria - 2 per 24-hr at selected locations
Salmonella - Selected locations
Flows in the Truckee River, North Truckee Drain, and Steamboat
Creek were determined each time a sample was collected. Flow was
measured on the Truckee River using the existing USGS gaging station
at Vista, Nevada (NEIC Station 0270). At North Truckee Drain and Steam-
boat Creek, stage-height gages were established then stage-flow re-
lationships were developed by measuring flows with a magnetic flow meter
at varying stage heights. During the study, flows in North Truckee
Drain, Steamboat Creek and the Truckee River downstream from the WPCP
averaged 60,000 m3/day (24 cfs), 49,000 m3/day (20 cfs) and 808,000
3 ?
m /day (330 cfs), respectively. WPCP flows averaged 61,000 m /day (16.1
mgd or 25 cfs).
An interpretation of the study results follows.
Biochemical Oxygen Demand
Upstream of WPCP discharge and the two tributaries, BOD averaged
0.6 mg/1 [Table 9 and Figure 7]. The BOD load in the Truckee River
immediately downstream from the WPCP averaged 2,200 kg (4,900 lb)/day
[Table 10], of which 69% was contributed by the WPCP, 4.5% by North
Truckee Drain and 6.9% by Steamboat Creek. The remaining 19% was
already borne by the Truckee River upstream. These added loads,
-------
co
cr>
NOTE: River Mile O.O Is confluenco of
Truckeo River and Steamboat Creek
-N-
North Truckee Oral
STATION 0300
RM 10.3
STATION 0270
RM 1 .3
STATION 0280
RM
-RENO/SPARKS
WPCP
STATION 0290
RM 4.8
STATION 0220
STATION 0200
RM 1.8
2
f
3
i
SCALE IN MILES
Figure o. Wafer Quality Sampling Stations, Reno/Sparks Study, March 28 - April 4, 1977
-------
37
Table 8
SAMPLING LOCATIONS
RENO-SPARKS JOINT WPCP
March 28-April 4, 1977
Station No. Station Description
Truckee River off Kimlick Lane, 2.9 km (1.8 mi)
upstream of Steamboat Oeek and Reno/Sparks
WPCP
0210 North Truckee Drair. st Kleppe Lane, 0.3
(0.2 mi) upstream from confluence with Truckee
River. Confluence is 0.16 km (0.1 mi) upstream
of Steamboat Creek.
0220 Steamboat Creek approximately 0.16 Km (0.1 mi)
upstream of confluence with Truckee River and
immediately upstream of Reno-Sparks WPCP discharge
to Steamboat Creek.
0230 Reno-Sparks influent interceptor.
0240 Truckee Meadows influent interceptor.
0250 Reno-Sparks WPCP effluent prior to chlorination
at head end of post aeration basin.
0260 Reno-Sparks WPCP effluent in chlorine contact
chamber.
0265 Reno-Sparks effluent siphoned from site of
chlorine contact chamber weir.
0270 Truckee River at USGS Gage Station, 2.1 km
(1.3 mi) downstream from Steamboat Creek.
0280 ' Truckee River at Lockwood Bridge, 5.5 km (3.4 mi)
downstream from Steamboat Creek.
0290 Truckee River at old Mustang Bridge, 7.7 km
(4.8 mi) downstream from Steamboat Creek.
0300 Truckee River at Southern Pacific Railroad
Bridge near Patrick, 16.6 km (10.3 mi) downstream
from Steamboat Creek.
-------
Table 9
VATEP QUALITy - TRUCKEE. RIVER
March US-April 1, 197?
Date
Station Description and.
Time1"
Station 0200
Truckee River
Upstream of
North Truckee
Drain
3/28 0737
0940
1215
1508
1815
2105
Dally Avg.
3/29 0005
0305
0908
1130
1500
1805
2100
Daily Avg.
3/30 0000
0315
0845
1135
1455
1815
2105
Daily Avg.
3/31 0005
0305
0835
1130
1430
1800
2110
Daily Avg.
4/1 0001
0305
0845
1120
1440
1800
2105
Dally Avg.
Flow1"1" Temp.
mVday CFS .
x 103 c
4.0
5.5
8.0
9.0
7.5
6.0
582 238 6.7
5.0
3.0
4.5
7.0
8.5
7.0
5.0
619 253 5.7
5.0
3.0
3.5
5.5
6.0
6.0
5.0
646 264 4.9
5.0
4.0
3.5
6.5
8.5
8.0
6.0
639 261 5.9
5.0
6.0
5.5
8.5
9.0
9.0
7.0
670 274 7.1
Un-iom'zed
pH Amnonia
-N
Ammonia
-N
Organic
Nitrogen
(N)
N02 & Total
N03 Phosphorus
(N) (P)
DO
BOD TDS Chloride
(mg/1)
8.5
7.9
7.9
8.7
8.6
8.6
7.9-8.7
8.9
7.0
7.7
7.9
9.2
8.0
8.6
7.0-9.2
7.9
6.5
7.5
8.1
8.2
9.1
8.9
6.5-9.1
7.2
7.0
7.4
8.0
8.5
8.8
8.3
7.0-8.8
7.8
8.4
7.2
8.0
8.6
8.8
8.4
7.2-8.8
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.12
0.15
0.02
0.10
0.17
0.11
0.07
0.21
0.14
0.15
0.14
0.18
0.16
0.16
0.13
0.09
0.16
0.12
0.12
0.14
0.09
0.14
0.11
0.12
0.17
0.45
0.17
0.26
0.44
0.41
0.48
0.50
0.46
0.14
0.14
0.16
0.19
0.16
0.22
0.42
0.53
0.57
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.43
0.49
0.45
0.20
0.22
0.08
0.17
0.12
0.08
0.10
0.16
0.12
0.10
0.06
0.12
0.08
0.09
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.10
0.10
0.12
0.08
0.12
0.10
0.10
0.03
0.06
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.02
0.01
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.07
0.02
0.33
0.12
0.08
0.05
0.05
0.43
0.15
0.06
0.04
0.06
0.26
0.10
11.2
12.4
12.3
11.8
10.5
9.4
11.2
9.9
10.1
12.1
12.6
11.9
10.8
9.6
11.0
10.1
10.4
11.9
12.1
11.7
10.9
10.3
11.0
10.3
10.7
12.1
12.4
11.9
10.5
9.6
11.0
9.5
9.7
11.1
11.8
11.6
10.3
9.1
10.4
...
0.8TTt 27
4.4.4.
1 .2tT1-
0.5TTT 100
0.9
0.6ttt
0.5*" 78
0.6
0.1tTT
o.e"1 100
0.4
0.5tTt
+ + +
0.6tTT 84
0.6
4.3
3.9
4.1
4.3
4.3
co
00
-------
Table 9 (Continued)
WATER QUALITY DATA - T1WCKEE RIVER
Date
Station Description and.
Time*
Station 0200 4/2 0005
(Cont.) 0305
0850
1140
1440
1800
2105
Dally Avg.
4/3 0001
0300
0835
1135
1500
1800
2105
Daily Avg.
4/4 0001
0305
Daily Avg.
7-Day Avg.
3/28-4/4
Avg.
Fl ow Temp .
mVday CFS °C
x 103
6.5
4.0
6.5
8.5
10.5
9.0
8.0
722 295 7.5
7.0
5.0
6.0
9.0
11.0
10.0
10.0
742 303 8.3
7.5
7.5
7.5
660 270
6.6
Un-ionized
pH Ammonia Ammonia
-N -N
8.9
8.4
7.5
8.1
8.7
8.4
8.3
7.5-8.9
7.8
8.2
7.2
8.3
8.0
9.2
8.7
7.2-9.2
8.1
7.2
7.2-8.1
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.13
0.06
0.19
0.16
0.14
0.22
0.11
0.07
0.16
0.14
0.15
0.13
Organic
Nitrogen
(M)
0.45
0.45
0.39
0.59
0.47
0.50
0.38
0.43
0.61
0.48
0.52
0.39
N02 &
NO 3
(N3)
Total
Phosphorus DO BOD TDS Chloride
(P)
(mg/1)
0.10
0.08
0.12
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.08
0.08
0.12
0.10
0.08
0.11
0.06
0.07
0.28
0.05
0.12
0.11
0.07
0.04
0.05
0.07
0.07
0.09
!'S n ,ttt
9.8 0.4
11.8 ...
12.0 0.8TtT 120
11.3
10.7
9.3
10.6 0.6
9-6 » «ttt
9.9 0.9TTT
11.4
10.8 0.5 48
11.5
10.3
8.9
10.3 0.7
9.1
9.2 0.5
10.8 0.6 80
3.8
3.9
4.1
t Times are based on a calendar day
tt Flows at Station 0200 were calculated as follows:
Flowgyga = Plow at Vieta Cagen2~0 - (Flow Steamboat Creek0220 f r«"" "" irvaivim i/i-uwg^g
ttt Because of the low BODs experienced, DO depletions were less than the reconmended 2.0 mg/l.
Flow Ho. Truckee Drain-..,. + Reno-Sparks ^^Q^G^
CJ
VO
-------
Table 9 (Continued)
WATER QUALITY DATA - TRUCKEE RIVER
Date
Station Description and.
Time1"
Station 0210
North Truckee
Drain at Kleppe
Lane
'
Station 0210
North Truckee
Drain at Kleppe
Lane
3/28 0745
1010
1300
1525
- 1825
2115
Daily Avg.
3/29 0015
0325
0935
1215
1315
1815
2110
Daily Avg.
3/30 0010
0330
0930
1230
1505
1825
2115
Daily Avg.
3/31 0015
0315
0920
1140
1500
1810
2120
Daily Avg.
4/1 0020
0315
0920
1235
1510
1810
2120
Daily Avg.
Flow"
mj/day
x 103
76
73
71
39
88
71
71
73
81
81
71
73
54
71
71
71
66
61
73
61
73
64
66
73
73
71
54
51
34
34
36
34
34
29
42
34
51
29
37
CFS
31
30
29
16
36
29
29
30
33
33
29
30
22
29
29
29
27
25
30
25
30
26
27
30
30
29
22
21
14
14
23
14
14
12
17
14
21
12
15
Temp.
°C
3.5
7.0
10.5
11.5
8.0
7.0
7.9
6.0
3.0
6.5
9.0
11.0
9.5
7.0
7.4
8.0
5.0
5.5
7.0
7.0
7.0
6.0
6.5
5.0
5.0
6.5
9.0
12.0
11.0
9.5
8.3
8.0
8.0
8.5
12.0
11.0
9.0
8.0
9.2
PH
8.2
8.4
7.8
7.8
7.8
8.5
7.8-8.5
7.1
7.6
7.8
8.0
8.3
8.0
8.3
7.1-8.3
7.6
7.5
7.7
7.7
8.0
7.4
8.8
7.4-8.8
7.6
7.6
7.7
7.7
7.9
7.4
8.2
7.4-8.2
8.5
7.7
7.6
8.0
7.5
7.8
7.6
7.5-8.5
Un-iom'zed
Ammonia Ammonia
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.04
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.04
0.04
0.24
0.11
0.03
0.04
0.06
0.05
0.4
0.08
0.05
0.08
0.04
0.06
0.04
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.06
0.04
0.05
0.04
0.05
Organic
Nitrogen
(N)
0.40
0.40
1.17
0.66
0.52
0.28
0.48
0.57
0.46
0.65
0.46
0.44
0.51
0.52
0.41
0.53
0.54
0.85
0.58
0.86
0.72
0.97
1.69
1.06
N02 &
NO,
(N?
(mg
0.50
0.60
0.72
0.61
0.60
0.56
0.54
0.50
0.55
0.44
0.48
0.46
0.52
0.48
0.52
0.60
0.66
0.74
0.63
0.64
0.72
0.70
0.68
0.68
Total
Phosphorus DO
(P)
i/l)
0.14
0.11
0.09
0.11
0.05
0.13
0.15
0.06
0.10
0.09
0.11
0.12
0.11
0.11
0.10
0.08
0.11
0.17
0.12
0.13
0.15
0.17
0.18
0.16
9.4
10.0
10.0
10.0
8.8
8.5
9.4
8.9
8.8
9.8
10.4
10.2
9.0
8.3
9.3
8.2
8.5
10.0
10.1
10.3
9.7
9.1
9.4
9.4
9.0
10.0
10.4
10.4
8.9
7.9
9.4
7.7
5.9
9.2
10.3
10.3
9.3
8.5
8.7
BOD TDS
1.8 250
1.7tn
1.5tft 210
1.6
2.7
1 .6tn 230
2.2
0.8m
1.3m 250
1.0
2.3ftt
1.5+tt 350
Chloride
19
8.3
8.8
8.6
12
-------
Table 9 (Continued)
HATER QUALITY DATA - TRUCKEE PIVEP
Date
Station Description and.
Time i
Station 0210 4/2 0010
(Cont.) 0315
0920
1230
1455
1805
2115
Dally Avg.
4/3 0010
0315
0925
1237
1515
1815
2115
Daily Avg.
4/4 0010
0315
Daily Avg.
3/28-4/4 Avg.
Flow"
m3/day
x 103
47
37
61
66
71
51
56
56
44
61
64
71
56
71
66
62
71
81
76
60
CFS
19
15
25
27
29
21
23
23
18
25
26
29
23
29
27
25
29
33
31
24
Temp.
°C
8.0
7.0
7.5
10.0
12.5
10.0
9.0
9.1
8.0
6.5
6.0
12.0
14.0
12.0
12.0
10.1
9.0
7.0
8.0
8.4
Un-ionized
pH Ammon i a
-N
8.5
7.6
7.6
7.5
8.0
7.8
8.0
7.5-8.5
7.8
7.2
7.6
8.0
7.9
8.1
6.9
6.9-8.1
8.2
7.4
7.4-8.2
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Ammonia
-N
0.08
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.05
0.07
0.09
0.07
0.05
0.11
Organic
Nitrogen
(N)
0.78
0.85
0.82
0.77
0.80
0.91
0.97
0.87
1.11
0.97
1.09
0.72
(NO 3 & Total
NOj Phosphorus
N^ (10
(mg/
0.72
0.66
0.68
0.74
0.70
0.46
0.68
0.72
1.00
0.72
0.92
0.62
1)
0.17
0.13
0.12
0.11
0.13
0.11
0.12
0.11
0.14
0.12
C.10
0.12
DO
8.3
6.3
9.5
10.6
10.2
9.1
8.0
8.8
8.1
8.5
10.3
10.5
10.5
8.3
7.4
9.1
7.3
7.3
7.3
9.2
BOD IDS Chloride
1.6W
2.6 270
2.1
1.3+tt
1.4tft 280
1.4
2.0tn
1.8 260
8.8
13
11
t Times are based on a calendar day
t+t Because of the loa BODs experienced, DO depletions were less than the recommended 2.0 mg/l.
-------
Table g (Continued)
WATER QUALITY DATA - TRUCKEE RIVER
Date
Station Description and.
T1meT
Station 0220
Steamboat Creek
Upstream of
WPCP Effluent
"
3/28 0915
1135
1435
1650
2010
2250
Daily Avg.
3/29 0140
0510
1100
1355
1655
1930
2235
Daily Avg.
3/30 0130
0520
1100
1350
1630
1940
2235
Daily Avg.
3/31 0140
0455
1045
1350
1630
1925
2240
Daily Avg.
4/1 0140
0505
1040
1400
1640
1920
2230
Daily Avg.
Flow
x 103
44
32
34
32
49
49'
40
47
47
69
61
56
59
59
57
49
44
66
59
54
47
51
53
47
49
61
56
29
34
34
44
34
42
64
59
46
54
46
49
tt
CHS
18
13
14
13
20
20
16
19
19
28
25
23
24
24
23
20
18
27
24
22
19
21
22
19
20
25
23
12
14
14
18
14
17
26
24
19
22
19
20
Temp.
°C
2.5
7.0
10.0
10.5
9.5
6.0
7.6
4.0
1.0
5.0
9.0
9.5
8.0
8.0
6.4
6.0
3.0
5.0
7.0
8.0
7.0
6.0
6.0
5.0
3.0
5.5
10.5
11.5
11.0
9.5
8.0
8.0
5.0
7.5
9.0
10.0
8.0
7.0
7.8
pH
7.9
7.4
7.7
7.7
8.2
8.1
7.4-8.2
8.1
8.2
7.2
8.1
8.0
8.4
8.7
7.2-8.7
8.5
8.2
'8.0
8.2
8.5
8.2
9.1
8.0-9.1
7.9
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.5
8.6
7.9-8.6
8.4
8.4
8.4
8.1
8.2
8.1
8.4
8.1-8.4
Un-j'nnized
Ammonia Ammonia
-N -N
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.04
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.26
0.22
0.16
0.21
0.14
0.25
0.23
0.20
0.21
0.12
0.23
0.23
0.32
0.22
0.17
0.27
0.12
0.10
0.16
0.10
0.26
0.14
0.10
0.15
Organic
Nitrogen
(N)
1.29
1.31
1.12
1.24
0.80
1.04
1.04
1.03
0.98
0.56
1.20
0.74
1.47
0.99
0.82
1.04
1.23
0.96
1.01
1.23
1.41
1.08
1.02
1.18
N03 & Total
NO 3 Phosphorus
(N3) (P)
DO
BOD TDS Chloride
(mg/1 )
0.62
0.56
0.46
0.55
0.48
0.48
0.52
0.52
0.50
0.44
0.52
0.44
0.50
0.48
0.44
0.58
0.62
0.56
0.55
0.64
0.82
0.70
0.56
0.68
0.29
0.33
0.31
0.31
0.22
0.28
0.37
0.38
0.31
0.25
0.34
0.33
0.50
0.36
0.21
0.31
0.31
0.83
0.42
0.40
0.48
0.33
0.51
0.43
10.2
11.1
11.3
10.6
9.0
9.0
10.2
9.4
9.8
11.0
11.0
10.9
9.5
8.8
10.0
8.4
9.1
10.7
12.0
8.9
10.6
9.5
9.9
9.7
9.7
11.0
12.9
12.0
10.3
9.0
10.6
8.6
8.2
10.5
11.3
11.1
9.7
9.4
9.8
5.4 450
...
1.9TTT
3.7 500
* ,ttt
1.7
3.2 410
2.5
1 .8tft
2.7 490
2.3
4.0
3.9 440
4.0.
88
75
79
91
84
-------
Table 9 (Continued)
WATER QUALITY DATA - TRUCKEE RIVER
Date
Station Description and
Time1"
Station 0220 4/2 0125
(Cont.) 0445
1045
1405
1637
1920
2230
Dally Avg.
4/3 0125
0455
1050
1412
1640
1925
2225
Daily Avg.
4/4 0120
0445
Daily Avg.
3/28-4/4
Avg.
Flowtt
mVday CFS
x 103
51
49
64
68
dl
42
51
56
44
42
46
56
44
51
51
49
44
39
42
49
21
20
26
28
25
17
21
23
18
17
19
23
18
21
21
20
18
16
17
20
Temp.
°C
6.0
5.0
6.0
9.5
11.0
10.0
9.0
8.1
8.5
5.0
8.5
12.5
12.5
13.0
11.0
10.1
10.0
8.0
9.0
7.7
PH
8.2
8.0
7.8
8.2
8.5
8.6
8.5
7.8-8.6
8.1
8.4
7.8
7.9
8.2
8.5
8.3
7.8-8.5
8.2
7.8
7.8-8.2
Un- ionized
Ammonia Ammonia
-fi -N
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.12
0.19
0.13
0.16
0.15
0.27
0.22
0.26
0.27
0.26
0.32
0.19
Organic
Ni trogen
(N)
1.13
1.19
0.76
1.35
1.11
1.21
0.99
1.04
1.69
1.23
2.00
1.10
N03 & Total
NO 3 Phosphorus DO
(N ) (P)
BOD TDS Chloride
(mg/1)
0.60
0.72
0.60
0.60
0.63
1.00
0.56
0.56
1.08
0.80
0.74
0.60
0.35
0.33
0.28
0.34
0.32
0.40
0.30
0.35
0.57
0.40
0.63
0.36
9.6
9.4
10.9
11.6
11.6
10.6
10.0
10.5
8.8
8.7
9.8
10.8
10.9
9.6
7.9
9.5
7.4
6.7
7.0
10.1
2.6
2.6 440
2.6
2.0
3.4 390
2.7
4.8
3.9 450
67
68
79
t Times are based on a calendar day
ttt Because of the low BODs experienced, DO depletions were less than the recommended 2.0 mg/1.
CJ
-------
Table 9 (Continued)
WATER QUALITY DATA - TRUCKEE RIVER
Date
Station Description and.
Time
Station 0270
Truckee River
at USGS
Vista Gage
3/28 0800
1025
1315
1535
1645
2135
Daily Avg.
3/29 0030
0345
0950
1230
1525
1825
2125
Daily Avg.
3/30 0030
0350
0945
1240
1520
1830
2130
Dally Avg.
3/31 0030
0335
0920
11E5
1320
1820
2135
Daily Avg.
4/1 0030
0330
0935
1250
1525
1820
2125
Daily Avg.
Flow"
mVday CFS
x 103
707
734
769
759
752
769
749
700
707
786
845
854
810
845
793
803
776
786
889
862
786
793
813
737
717
776
845
810
734
717
762
759
717
803
879
815
793
827
798
289
300
314
310
307
314
306
(315;
286
289
321
345
349
331
345
M * *t
(335 r
328
317
321
363
352
321
324
301
293
317
345
331
300
293
311
(Sfo
293
328
359
333
324
338
Temp.
°C
5.0
6.0
8.5
10.0
9.0
7.5
ttt?-7
7.0
3.0
5.0
7.5
9.5
7.0
5.0
TTT
6.5
3.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
6.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
5.0
6.5
9.0
9.0
8.0
6.2
^6.0
7!o
7.0
9.0
9.5
8.0
8.0
. . . / . O
Un-ionized
pH Ammonia
-N
7.9
7.7
8.1
7.8
7.4
8.4
7.4-8.4
7.9
7.5
7.8
7.9
8.6
8.8
8.7
7.5-8.8
8.4
7.8
7.6
7.8
8.4
8.4
8.8
7.6-8.8
7.6
7.6
7.5
7.6
8.0
8.1
8.3
7.5-8.3
7.9
8.6
7.3
7.7
8.1
8.2
8.5
7.3-8.6
0.00
0.02
0.05
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.06
0.03
0.01
0.00
0.04
0.09
0.04
0.01
0.00
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.06
0.00
0.03
0.09
0.05
Ammonia
0.65
1.53
1.38
1.19
1.19
0.49
1.12
1.07
0.97
1.18
0.60
1.24
1.13
1.04
1.26
0.58
1.05
0.95
0.96
1.13
0.60
1.23
1.85
1.20
Organic
Nitrogen
(N)
0.50
1.23
1.16
0.96
2.69
0.50
0.75
0.75
1.17
0.49
0.45
0.34
0.46
0.44
0.47
1.01
1.20
1.73
1.10
1.29
1.16
1.10
1.56
1.28
N0a &
NO 3
(N3)
Total
Phosphorus
(P)
DO
BOD
(mg/1)
0.8'j
2.63
1.20
1.58
1.00
0.62
2.00
0.82
1.11
0.54
0.42
1.08
0.58
0.66
0.48
0.20
0.50
0.34
0.38
0.30
0.26
0.52
0.34
0.36
0.16
0.69
0.54
0.46
0.59
0.25
0.63
0.54
0.50
0.57
0.32
0.48
0.86
0.56
0.61
0.39
0.62
0.92
0.64
0.71
0.40
0.63
1.02
0.69
9.8
10.6
11 .4
11.3
1 A O
10.8
9.7
10.6
9.1
9.4
10.5
11.2
11.5
11.2
10.0
10.4
9.0
9.3
10.5
11.2
10.9
11 .2
10.4
10.3
9.5
9.7
11.2
11.4
11.7
10.9
10.1
10.6
8.9
9.3
10.1
10.7
11.2
10.5
9. '3
10.0
Zd
.4
4.2
2.7
3.5
2.6
3.6
3.1
4.4
1.8
3.1
2.3
3.0
2.7
(341)
-------
Table 9 (Continued)
WATER QUtLITy DATA - TRUCKEE RIVER
Station Description
Station 0270 4/2
(Continued)
Daily
4/3
Daily
4/4
Daily
Date
and
Time*
0020
0325
0935
1250
1520
1815
212(1
Avg.
0020
0325
0940
1350
1525
1820
2120
Avg.
0020
0325
Avg.
Flow* Te_mp.
m^/dd'
x 103'
820
854
862
901
940
879
862
874
999
810
793
854
896
862
862
867
845
845
845
3/28-4/4
Avg.
808
y CFS l-
335 7.0
349 7.0
352 7.5
368 9.0
384 10.5
359 10.0
352 9.0
,3" ttt?-5
(371)TTtT
408 8.0
331 5.0
324 7.0
349 11.0
366 12.5
352 12.0
352 10.0
354 9.4
f365)ttft
345 8.5
345 7.0
(36364)5^7'8
\ * w /
330tm7.4
Un-ionized
pH Ammonia Ammonia
8.0
8.2
7.3
7.2
8.2
8.5
8.5
7.2-8.5
8.0
8.5
7.0
7.5
7.5
8.2
8.5
7.0-8.5
7.9
7.6
7.6-7.9
0.02
0.00
0.03
0.04
0.02
0.04
0.00
0.01
0.06
0.03
0.01
0.03
0.93
0.57
1.04
0.81
'0.84
0.98
0.56
1.20
1.08
0.96
1.10
1.02
Organic
Nitrogen
(N)
0.51
1.04
1.53
1.73
1.20
1.79
0.93
1.08
0.36
1.04
0.40
1.03
NO 3
(N)
Total
Phosphorus DO
(P)
BOD
tmg/1)
0.22
0.18
0.38
0.22
0.25
0.20
0.18
0.36
0.28
0.26
0.24
0.66
0.64
0.46
0.55
0.51
0.54
0.60
0.39
0.65
0.61
0.56
0.72
0.56
8.9
9.2
9.9
11.2
11.3
10.9
9.1
10.1
8.9
9.0
10.0
11.4
11.0
10.2
9.3
9.9
8.3
8.4
10.3
2.4
ttt
1.5
2.0
3.7
, ..ttt
1.9
2.8
4.0
3.0
t Times are based on a calendar day
ttt Because of the low BODs experienced, DO depletions were less than the recommended 2.0 mg/l
tttt Flows in parentheses are 24-hour integrated values recorded by USGS.
en
-------
Table 9 (Continued)
WATER QUALITY DATA - TRUCKEE RIVER
Station Description
Station 0280
Truckee River
at Lockwood
Bridge
3/28
Dally
3/29
Daily
3/30
Dally
3/31
Daily
4/1
Daily
Date
and
TimeT
0815
1025
1330
1550
1900
2145
Avg.
0045
0400
1000
1300
1540
1835
2140
Avg.
0040
0400
0955
1250
1530
1840
2140
Avg.
0040
0345
0945
1215
1530
1825
2145
Avg.
0045
0345
0945
1305
1535
1825
2135
Avg.
Flow Temp.
m3/day CFS c
x 103
5.0
6.0
8.0
9 0
(Daily average 8'0
flows would be 8'0
approximately ,',
the same as
those for 7.0
station 0270 4.0
at Vista Gage) 5.5
7.0
8.5
7.0
8.0
6.7
7.0
4.0
5.5
6.0
7.0
7.0
6.0
6.1
5.5
5.0
5.0
6.5
8.5
7.5
8.0
6.6
8.0
7.5
7.5
8.5
8.5
8.0
8.0
8.0
Un-iomzed
pH Ammonia Ammonia
Organic N03 &
Nitrogen NO,
(N) (N)
Total
Phosphorus DO
(P)
BOD
lmg/1)
7.7
8.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
8.4
7.5-8.5
8.5
7.2
7.8
7.2
8.1
8.2
8.5
7.2-8.5
8.3
7.6
7.8
7.7
8.7
7.9
8.9
7.6-8.9
7.8
7.7
7.8
7.7
7.7
9.0
8.3
7.7-9.0
8.5
7.7
7.5
7.4
7.6
7.8
8.4
7.4-8.5
0.03
0.01
0.07
0.04
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.05
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.08
0.10
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.04
0.02
0.62
1.21
1.73
' 1.19
1.53
0.69
'
1.13
0.95
1.08
1.32
0.68
1.15
1.0
1.04
1.84
0.79
1.12
1.0
1.19
1.57
0.67
1.06
0.95
1.06
0.79
1.15
1.35
1.10
1.41
0.55
0.68
0.58
0.81
0.50
0.50
0.53
0.44
0.49
0.40
0.68
1.77
1.14
1.00
0.45
1.01
1.61
1.92
1.25
1.04
2.64
'2.00
1.89
1.74
0.84
2.26
1.38
1.56
1.00
0.58
1.04
0.86
0.87
0.84
0.24
0.50
0.50
0.52
0.52
0.32
0.56
0.56
0.49
0.37
0.8
0.74
0.64
0.52
0.32
0.63
0.34
0.45
0.59
0.35
0.60
0.55
0.52
0.59
0.54
0.71
1.19
0.76
0.90
0.44
0.68
0.58
0.65
10.2
12.0
11.1
10.5
9.7
9.6
10.5
9.3
9.1
10.8
11.3
11.0
9.9
9.8
10.2
9.3
8.9
10.9
11.0
10.6
10.4
10.2
10.2
9.8
9.4
11.2
11.4
11.1
10.3
9.6
10.4
9.2
8.8
10.4
10.6
10.6
10.1
9.5
9.9
1.3tft
3.8
1.4ttf
2.6
3.2
1.9tt+
2.6
5.0
l.lm
3.1
4.3
2 2ttt
3.3
cn
-------
Table 9 (Continued)
WATER QUALITY DATA - TRUCKEE RIVER
Station Description
Date
and. FlowtT Te
Time1 mj/day CFS "'
x 103
Station 0280 4/2
(Cont.)
Daily
4/3
Daily
4/4
Daily
0030
0335
0945
1308
1535
1825
2130
Avg.
0030
0340
0950
1315
1535
1830
2130
Avg.
0025
0335
Avg.
8
7
7
8
10
10
9
8
7
8
8
10
11
12
11
9
8
8
8
r
Un- ionized
pH Ammonia
-N
Ammonia
.-«
Organic N03 &
Nitrogen N03
(N) (N)
Total
Phosphorus DO
(P)
BOD
(mg/l )
.5
.0
.5
.5
.5
.0
.0
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.5
.0"
.0
.6
.0
.0
.0
8.4
6.3
7.5
7.4
7.7
7.5
8.2
6.3-8.4
7.4
8.2
7.7
8.0
7.9
7.6
7.0
7.0-8.2
8.3
7.5
7.5-8.3
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.04
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
1.07
0.67
0.88
0.90
0.88.
1.44
0.59
0.79
1.18
1.0
1.28
0.04
1.24
1.46
1.44
1.05
2.29
1.49
1.10
1.21
1.52
1.02
0.42
0.28
0/44
0.44
0.40
0.42
0.30
0.38
0.54
0.41
0.48
0.73
0.47
0.63
0.51
0.59
0.87
0.63
0.62
0.56
0.67
0.72
9.0
8.8
10.4
11.2
10.8
9.7
9.2
9.9
8.9
8.8
10.4
10.7
10.8
9.4
8.9
9.7
8.5
8.1
4.6
6.2
5.4
4.1
2.0m
3.1
4.4
3/28-4/4
Avg.
7
.6
0.02
1.06
1.03
0.88
0.61
10.1
3.2
t Times are based on a calendar day
ttt Because of the low BODo experienced, DO depletions aere lees than the recommended 2.0 mg/l
-------
Table 9 (Continued)
WATER QUALITX DATA - TRUCKEE RIVER
Station
Station
Truckee
at Old
Bridge
Description
0290 3/28
River
Mustang
Daily
3/29
Daily
3/30
Daily
3/31
Daily
4/1
Dally
Date
and
Time1"
0830
1050
1340
1600
1915
2200
Avg.
0055
0410
1015
1310
1555
1845
2150
Avg.
0050
0415
1005
1300
1545
1850
2150
Avg.
0050
0400
1000
1300
1540
1835
2155
Avg.
0055
0355
0955
1320
1545
1835
2145
Avg.
Flow Temp.
m-Vday CFS °c
x 103
Daily average **
flows would be ''
approximately 8'c
the same as ,',.
those at '
Station 0270 '"
at Vista Gaoe />J
6.0
4.0
6.5
7.5
8.0
8.0
6.0
6.6
7.0
5.0
5.5
6.5
7.0
6.5
6.0
6.2
5.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.5
8.5
8.5
6.9
7.0
8.0
8.0
9.0
9.5
8.0
7.0
8.1
PH
7.6
8.3
7.6
7.5
7.9
8.5
7.5-8.5
8.2
7.4
7.9
7.8
8.2
8.2
8.4
7.4-8.4
8.4
8.0
7.2
7.8
8.0
8.0
7.7
7.2-8.4
7.8
7.7
7.6
7.9
7.5
7.6
7.9
7.5-7.9
7.9
7.9
7.5
7.7
7.6
7.5
7.7
7.5-7.9
Un- ionized
Ammonia
0.02
0.00
0.07
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.00
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
Ammonia
0.69
0.90
1.51
1.03
1.83
0.80
0.77
1.01
1.10
1.30
0.89
1.11
1.13
1.11
1.72
0.96
0.94
0.97
1.15
1.51
0.74
0.82
0.99
1.02
Organic
Nitrogen
(N)
0.92
1.04
2.57
1.51
1.52
0.43
0.52
0.20
0.67
0.26
0.54
0.49
0.57
0.46
0.53
0.26
1.26
1.07
0.78
1.91
1.16
1.32
1.38
1.44
N03 & TbTiTl
NO 3 Phosphorus
(N) (P)
(mg/1
1.20
2.04
2.82
2.02
2.28
1.08
1.50
1.88
1.69
1.50
0.60
0.96
1.28
1.08
1.16
0.44
0.48
0.70
0.70
0.68
0.48
0.56
0.74
0.62
1)
0.18
0.60
0.69
0.49
0.85
0.46
0.51
0.57
0.60
0.72
0.44
0.55
0.52
0.56
0.61
0.57
0.66
0.97
0.70
0.98
0.46
0.57
0.72
0.68
DO
10.7
11.4
11.1
10.6
9.3
8.8
10.3
9.2
9.2
11.1
11.2
11.0
9.8
9.3
10.1
9.2
9.1
10.9
11.2
10.8
10.0
9.9
10.2
10.0
9.6
11.1
11.6
10.9
9.7
9.2
10.3
9.2
8.8
10.5
11.1
10.3
9.5
9.0
9.8
BOD
1.2W
5.0
i rttt
1.5
3.3
4.6
, ottt
1.8
3.2
4.2
_ _+tt
2.0
3.1
4.3
+++
2.2
3.3
00
-------
Table 8 (Continued}
WATER QUALITY DATA - TRUCKEE RIVER
Station Description
Date ...
and^ Flow Temp.
Time1 mj/day CFS °c
Station 0290
(Cont.)
4/2
Daily
4/3
Daily
4/4
Daily
x 103
0035
0350
0955
1320
1545
1835
2140
Avg.
0040
0350
1000
1325
1545
1840
2140
Avg.
0035
0345
Avg.
7.0
7.0
8.0
8.5
10.0
9.0
8.0
8.2 6
8.0
6.0
8.5
11.0
11.0
10.0
10.0
9.2 7
9.0
9.0
9.0 7
Un-ionized Organic N03 &
pH Ammonia Ammonia Nitrogen N03
~.N -" (N) (N)
7.9
6.5
7.1
7.7
7.6
8.0
6.5
.5-8.0
8.2
7.8
7.2
7.7
7.1
7.9
8.0
.1-8.2
8.0
7.6
.6-8.0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.01
0.00
1.18
0.68
0.61
0.95
0.86.
1.48
0.62
0.59
1.20
0.97
0.53
1.53
1.12
1.77
1.33
1.44
1.87
1.27
1.11
1.53
1.45
2.88
^M|(J
0.62
0.42
0.62
0.70
0.59
0.64
0.42
0.44
0.88
0.60
0.78
Total
Phosphorus DO
(P)
/I)
0.82
0.49
0.45
0.53
0.57
0.80
0.55
0.47
0.58
0.60
0.84
8.9
8.6
10.7
11.2
10.7
9.1
8.9
9.7
8.9
8.7
10.6
10.5
10.6
9.3
8.5
9.6
8.9
8.1
BOD
4.4
2.1ftt
3.3
5.6
2.1ftt
3.9
5.5
3/28-4/4
Avg.
t Time 8 are based on
ttt Because
of the low
a calendar day
BODs experienced,
7.5
DO depletions
were lees
0.01
than
1.03
the recommended
1.11
2.0
1.04
mg/l.
0.60
10.0
3.4
vo
-------
Table 9 (Continued)
WATER QUALITY DATA - TRUCKEE RIVER
Station Description
Station 0300
Truckee River
at S.P.
Railroad Bridge
Near Patrick
3/28
Dally
3/29
Dally
3/30
Daily
3/31
Daily
4/1
Daily
Date
and. Flow
Temp.
Time m^/day CFS <>c
x 103
0840
1100
1350
1615
1935
2215
Avg.
0110
0430
1030
1325
1610
1900
2205
Avg.
0105
0435
1025
1315
1555
1905
2205
Avg.
0105
0415
1015
1315
1555
1855
2210
Avg.
0110
0415
1010
1330
1600
1850
2200
Avg.
7.0
8.0
9.5
9.0
7.5
6.0
7.8
6.5
4.0
7.0
9.0
8.5
7.0
5.0
6.7
7.0
6.0
6.5
7.5
7.5
6.5
7.0
6.9
5.0
5.0
6.5
8.5
9.0
8.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
8.0
10.0
10.0
8.5
7.0
8.2
Un-ionized
pH Ammonia
-N
7.6
8.1
7.8
7.6
8.1
8.3
7.6-8.3
8.0
7.6
7.8
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
7.6-8.0
8.0
7.8
7.7
* 8.0
8.1
7.9
7.8
7.7-8.1
7.5
7.5
7.9
8.0
7.7
8.0
7.5
7.5-8.0
7.8
8.1
7.5
7.9
7.8
8.1
7.8
7.5-8.1
0.02
0.00
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Ammonia
-H
1.19
0.55
1.00
0.91
1.25
1.28
0.56
0.94
1.01
0.83
0.98
0.56
0.95
0.83
0.81
1.28
0.62
0.86
0.89
0.84
1.14
0.48
0.82
0.82
Organic
Nitrogen
(N)
1.78
0.80
1.01
1.20
1.00
0.72
0.47
0.53
0.68
0.49
0.53
0.50
0.59
0.53
0.64
2.05
1.01
1.33
1.26
1.37
1.87
1.00
1.61
1.46
NO 3 & Total
NO 3 Phosphorus
(N3) (P)
(mgt
2.08
1.44
2.82
2.11
2.56
2.10
1.18
2.44
2.07
1.76
1.44
0.98
1.48
1.42
1.30
0.84
0.68
0.92
0.94
0.98
1.00
0.68
0.98
0.91
M)
0.64
0.44
0.70
0.59
0.38
0.72
0.39
0.66
0.54
0.41
0.62
0.37
0.56
0.49
0.46
0.70
0.48
1.19
0.71
0.47
0.77
0.45
0.75
0.61
DO
10.0
10.8
11.2
10.4
10.3
9.2
10.3
9.1
9.1
10.5
11.1
10.8
10.1
9.1
10.0
8.9
9.0
10.4
11.0
10.8
10.0
9.6
10.0
9.6
9.8
10.8
11.4
10.7
10.1
9.3
10.2
8.7
8.6
10.1
10.6
10.5
9.7
8.8
9.6
BOD
2.3
4.3
...
2.0TTt
3.2
4.0
2.3
3.2
2.7
1.8
2.3
3.8
3.2
3.5
CJl
o
-------
Table 9 (Continued)
WATER QUALITY DATA - TRUCKEE RIVER
Date
Station Description and Flow
Time mj/day
x TO3
Station 0300 4/2 0050
(Cont.) . 0405
1010
1350
1600
1850
2155
Dally Avg.
4/3 0100
0405
1020
1345
1600
1850
2150
Daily Avg.
4/4 0050
0400
Dally Avg.
3/28-4/4
Avg.
t Times are baaed on a calendar day
ttt Because of the low BODs experienced,
Temp.
CFS °C
Un- ionized
pH Ammonia
Ammonia
-N
Organic N03 &
Nitrogen N03 '
(N) (N3)
Total
Phosphorus DO
(P)
BOD
Img/D
7.5
7.0
8.0
10.0
10.5
9.0
8.0
8.1
6.7
7.6
8.0
7.6
7.9
7.5
8.6 6.7-8.1
8.0
7.0
9.0
11.5
12.0
11.0'
9.0
9.6 7.
8.0
8.0
8.0 7
7.8
DO depletions
7.8
7.6
7.1
7.2
7.6
7.9
7.6
1-7.9
7.8
7.4
.4-7.8
aere lees
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
than the
0.76
0.80
0.46
0.73
0.79.
0.75
0.96
0.48
0.67
0.72
0.82
0.85
1.70
1.30
1.08
1.50
1.40
1.19
1.39
1.19
1.12
1.22
1.37
1.11
recommended 2.0
0.92
0.80
0.66
0.90
0.81
0.92
0.92
0.70
0.88
0.86
1.04
1.30
mg/l.
0.48
0.53
0.40
0.54
0.49
0.38
0.70
0.42
0.43
0.48
0.41
0.56
8q
. 7
8.9
10.4
10.9
10.4
9.6
8.7
9.7
8.8
8.5
10.4
10.6
10.4
9.2
8.6
9.5
8.0
8.1
9.9
4.6
2.7
3.7
4.6
3.1
3.9
4.8
3.4
-------
0
UI
a:
O£.
O
2=
LJ CL
«_> I/)
i^
> ce
§£
g on
-------
Table JO
POLLUTANT LOADINGS - WATER QUALITY STUDY, TRUCKEE RIVER
March 28-April 4, 1977
Station
Station 0200 - Truckee River
Upstream of North Truckee
Drain
Station 0210 - North Truckee
Drain at Kleppe Lane
Station 0220 - Steamboat Creek
Upstream of WPCP Effluent
WPCP Effluent
Total
Station 0300 - Truckee River
at S.P. Railroad Bridge
near Patrick
Recovery Ratio = Station 0300
Total
kg/day
420
100
150
1,500
2,200
2,500
BOD
Ib/day X T-
-------
54
primarily from the WPCP, caused stream BOD concentrations to increase to
3.0 mg/1 at the USGS Vista gaging station, 2.1 km (1.3 mi) downstream of
the plant. Values downstream from this point stayed relatively constant,
averaging 3.4 mg/1 16.6 km (10.3 mi) downstream from the WPCP.
Dissolved Oxygen
Despite the increase in BOD downstream from the WPCP, stream DO
concentrations showed no significant sag [Table 10 and Figure 8].
Upstream concentrations averaged 10.8 mg/1 with a daily average range of
10.3 to 11.2 mg/1. Average DO concentrations 16.6 km (10.3 mi) down-
stream from the WPCP and the two tributaries were 9.9 mg/1 with a range
in daily average concentrations of 9.5 to 10.3 mg/1.
Total Dissolved Solids and Chloride
A limited number of total dissolved solids (IDS) and chloride
samples were collected to characterize the receiving waters into which
the UPCP effluent mixes [Table 9]. Total dissolved solids loading in
the Truckee immediately downstream from the WPCP was 110,000 kg (250,000
lb)/day [Table 10] of which 19% was contributed by the WPCP (340 mg/1),
20% by Steamboat Creek (450 mg/1), and 14% by North Truckee Drain (260
mg/1). The remaining 48% was already borne by the Truckee (80 mg/1)
upstream of the tributaries and WPCP.
Chloride loading was 9,500 kg (21,000 lb)/day, of which the WPCP
(36 mg/1) contributed 25%, Steamboat Creek (79 mg/1) 40%, and North
Truckee Drain (11 mg/1) 6.7%. The remaining 28% was carried in the
Truckee (4.1 mg/1) upstream of the tributaries and WPCP.
-------
o
12-
11 .
j
5 "'
er. _
.= 9 -
§0
8
1*-
t-i
ID -1
a 5 -
X
0
4
o 4
LJ
o3
^^ i
Q 2 -H
1 !
y.
, ,
§
a
UI
UI
o
Q£
1
X
Cf.
O
O
1 »-
L
_
'
-
-
UI «." «t
< ec o:
(9 a I i
o to uj
in o ui =5 ui So
IA 52 Q ~~ a «
3 «_> o -. a. a:
o os _i os co =a
o_ _i ca o sa
s^ u
UI Q.
UI 2
C£
o to
<
RIVER MILES
Figure 8. Dissolved Oxygen Profile, Truckee River, March 28-April 4, 1977
-------
56
Nitrogen
The nitrogen forms upstream of the tributaries and WPCP included
concentrations of organic nitrogen (N), ammonia-N, and nitrite plus
nitrate (N) of 0.39, 0.13, and 0.11 mg/1, respectively [Table 9 and
Figure 9]. This constituted a total nitrogen loading of 420 kg (920
lb)/day [uable 10]. The total nitrogen loadings in the Truckee River
immediately Downstream from the WPCP abruptly increased to 2,600 kg
(5,700 lb)/day, of which 77% was contributed by the WPCP, 3.3% by North
Truckee Drain and 3.7% by Steamboat Creek. This resulted in an increase
in dov/nstream nitrogen concentrations. Concentrations of organic nitrogen
(N), ammonia-N and nitrite plus nitrate (N) at the Vista Gaging Station
were 1.03, 1.02 and 0.66 mg/1, respectively.
Nitrogen concentrations downstream from the Vista gage indicated a
gradual increase in nitrite plus nitrate (N) to 1.3 mg/1 at the Southern
Pacific Railroad Bridge near Patrick (RM 10.3), offset by a gradual
decrease in ammonia-N to 0.85 mg/1. Organic nitrogen (N), on the other
hand, remained relatively constant at 1.11 mg/1.
Mass balance determinations were also performed to determine what
percentage of the nitrogen calculated as being in the Truckee River
immediately downstream from the WPCP was also detected at the Southern
Pacific Railroad Bridge near Patrick, 16.6 km (10.3 mi) downstream
[Table 10]. The calculated recovery ratio for total nitrogen was 1.02
which is excellent, particularly since the determination is based on the
summation of three nitrogen forms.
Phosphorus
Total phosphorus (P) concentrations upstream of the WPCP discharge
and the two tributaries averaged 0.09 mg/1 [Table 9 and Figure 10].
-------
o
o
o
<_J
o
DATA POINTS ARE AVERAGES
FOR DURATION Of STUDY
10
RIVER MILES
Figure 9. Nitrogen Profile, Truckee Piver, March 28-April 4, 1977
-------
«o
+J
o
1.0 -
0.9
0.8 A
0.7
g*
. °-6
oT
0.5
i/>
u
o
"a.
i/)
o
SI
0.4 -J
0.3
0.2
0.1 J
O
o
z:
o 2
_J t-X
o ICQ
01
00
NOTE: DATA POINTS ARE AVERAGES
FOR DURATION OF STUDY
<:
Q.
U)
O
i^ O
LU CL
UJ 2
ae
I C£
O D-
5 o
LU ;r
t- UJ
(S> CH
I
I
4 5
RIVER MILES
10
Figure 10. Total Phosphorus (P) Profile, Trjckee River, March 28-April 4, 1977
-------
59
The total phosphorus (P) load in the Truckee River immediately down-
stream from the WPCP averaged 430 kg (940 lb)/day, of which 79% was
contributed by the WPCP, 1.7% by North Truckee Drain and 4.3% by Steam-
boat Creek [Table 10]. These added loads, primarily from the WPCP,
caused total phosphorus (P) concentrations to increase to 0.56 mg/1 at
the Vista gaging station. Downstream from this station, concentrations
remained nearly constant, equaling 0.56 mg/1 at the Southern Pacific
Railroad Bridge near Patrick, .RM 10.3.
The recovery ratio calculated for total phosphorus was 1.08 which
is excellent.
Bacteriology
Grab surface samples for fecal coliform bacteria were collected
twice daily from the chlorinated WPCP effluent, as well as from the
Truckee River, both upstream of (Station 0200) and downstream from
(Station 0270) the plant [Table 5].
The chlorinated effluent samples contained fecal coliform bacteria
densities ranging from an MPN of 400 to 49,000 FC/100 ml, with a geo-
metric mean of 3,900 FC/100 ml [Table 5], In addition, pathogenic
Salmonella enteritidis ser Typhimurium were isolated in the WPCP dis-
charge.
Upstream of the WPCP discharge at Station 0200, Truckee River water
was of good bacteriological quality. Fecal coliform densities ranged
from <2 to 79 FC/100 ml, with a geometric mean of 13 FC/100 ml. Salmon-
ella were not detected from swabs collected at this station.
Water quality 2.1 km (1.3 mi) downstream from the WPCP discharge at
-------
60
the Vista Gage (Station 0270) was degraded as a result of bacterial
pollution from the WPCP discharge. Fecal coliform densities ranged from
a minimum of 11 FC/100 ml to a maximum of 4,900 FC/100 ml, with a geo-
metric mean of 90 FC/100 ml. Salmonella enteritidis ser Typhimurium
were isolated from swabs exposed in the stream at the same time as those
in the WPCP effluent. Isolation of identical Salmonella serotypes
indicates that the discharge was the source of the pathogen. The
presence of Salmonella constitutes a potential hazard to tho health of
individuals in contact with Truckee River water downstream from the
Reno-Sparks Joint Water Pollution Control Plant.
-------
V. BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS
EFFLUENT TOXICITY
The NPDES Permit for the Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP prohibits the dis-
charge of toxic substances that cause violation of provisions of Water
Quality Standards for the State of Nevada. A series of 96-hour, con-
tinuous-flow bioassays, was conducted beginning at 0900 on March 28,
1977 to determine the potential toxicity of the Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP
discharge on the aquatic biota of the Truckee River. Native Lahontan
cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki henshaui Gill and Jordan) were selected as
the test organisms.
The major toxic components normally present in treated, domestic
wastewater are residual chlorine and un-ionized ammonia. To identify
the principal contributing toxicant, bioassays were conducted using
chlorinated (Station 260) and unchlorinated (Station 250) treated waste-
water diluted with Truckee River water from upstream of Steamboat Creek
(Station 200).
Ammonia
Ammonia is normally present in two states: ionized ammonia (NH,+)
and un-ionized ammonia (NH3). The un-ionized fraction is the toxic
agent; ionized ammonia has little or no toxic effect. The percentage of
total ammonia (NH^ + NH3) that exists as un-ionized ammonia is a function
of pH and temperature, i.e., more un-ionized ammonia exists under higher
pH and temperature conditions. The generally accepted maximum concentra-
tion of un-ionized ammonia-N not to be exceeded in natural waters classi-
fied for fisheries is 0.02 mg/1.1
-------
62
The bioassay using unchlorinated effluent showed that the waste-
water was toxic. Ninety percent of the test fish survived the first 24-
hour exposure in undiluted effluent and 55% survived 48 hours [Table
11]. By the end of 72-hours1 exposure, 100% mortality had occurred in
*
the undiluted effluent. The 96-hour LC5Q for Lahontan cutthroat trout
was calculated to be a mixture of 73% unchlorinated effluent and 27%
Truckee River water, the mixture containing 12.8 ing/1 total ammonia-N or
0.17 mg/1 un-ionized ammonia-M. This concentration of un-ionized ammo-
nia is in the range of values reported to be acutely toxic to trout;2*3
therefore, it appears that ammonia was the principal toxicant in the
unchlorinated effluent, and the bioassay results were not influenced
significantly by other toxicants that may have been present.
From the bioassay data [Table 11], it is calculated that the maxi-
mum concentration of total ammonia-N that would be expected to provide
complete (100%) survival of cutthroat trout in a 96-hour exposure is 7.7
mg/1. This concentration is the maximum which would satisfy specific
provisions of the NPDES permit and Nevada Water Quality Standards prohi-
biting the discharge of toxic materials as measured in a 96-hour (acute)
bioassay, and is independent of flow. To achieve this limitation and
prevent toxicity in the effluent, ammonia removal facilities v/ould have
to be installed which would consistently attain a removal efficiency of
56%, based on the average ammonia concentration in grab samples measured
during the bioassay. To protect aquatic life in the receiving water on
a long-term (chronic) basis, factors of 1/10 (maximum not to be exceeded
at any time) and 1/20 (24-hour average) are generally applied to LCr«
values derived from effluent bioassay data for degradeable or nonpersis-
tent toxicants such as chlorine and ammonia.1 Thus, to prevent chronic
toxicity, Truckee River total ammonia-M and un-ionized ammonia-N maximum
and average concentrations would have to be 1.3 and 0.6, and 0.02 and
0.01 mg/1, respectively. The daily low flow at the Truckee River
LCSf) indicates the concentration (actual or interpolated) at which
50% of the test organisms diedt or would be expected to die.
-------
63
Parameter
Table 12
BIOASSAY SURVIVAL DATA
RENO-SPARKS
March 28-April 1, 197?
Effluent Concentration Control
100% 75% 56% 32% 18% 10% (Truckee
River
Water)
Chlorinated
% Survival
24
48
72
96
hours
hours
hours
hours
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
65
0
0
0
100
100
85
25
100
100
100
60
100
100
100
95
Unchlorinated
% Survival
24 hours
48 hours
72 hours
96 hours
90
55
0
0
95
95
70
45
100
100
95
95
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
-------
64
Vista gage that is projected to be exceeded 99% of the time, based on
the period of record 1939-1976, is 177 cfs. During spawning periods,
selected as April 1 to June 30, 177 cfs will be exceeded 99.9% of the
time. During the NEIC study, the average concentration of ammonia
upstream of the Reno-Sparks discharge was 0.14 mg/1 (Stations 0200,
0210, and 0220) for a background mass loading of approximately 115
Ib/day. To maintain an average concentration of 0.6 mg/1 (1/20 LC^Q)
downstream from the plant at a flow of 177 cfs, the mass loading should
average 570 Ib/day. Therefore, the Reno-Sparks effluent could contain
455 Ib/day of ammonia-N (570 - 115 = 455 Ib/day). Based on the flow of
16.1 mgd observed during the NEIC survey, the ammonia-N concentration
should average 3.4 mg/1, or a removal efficiency of 81% from bioassay
levels. If the effluent flow is increased to 30 mgd, the total ammonia-
N concentration in the effluent should average 1.8 mg/1. Assuming a
concentration of 17.6 mg/1 (from bioassay grab samples) that remains
constant with increased flow, the necessary removal efficiency would be
approximately 90%.
Calculations were performed to determine the Truckee River flows
necessary to achieve concentrations of NH--N corresponsing to 1/20 and
1/10 LCrg without ammonia removal at the plant. These calculated
stream flows are 24.3 and 10.6 m /sec (857 and 374 cfs), respectively.
In other words, with present WPCP flows and effluent NH--N character-
istics measured during the bioassay (17.6 mg/1), a downstream flow of
24.3 m /sec (857 cfs) would be necessary to attain an NH^-N concentration
of 1/20 LC5Q or 0.64 mg/1.
Knowing the flows that would assure sufficient dilution for
long-term protection, it was determined how often they occur. A USGS
computer program was used to retrieve flow data from the downstream gage
at Vista. Although data were available from 1899 to present, records
were retrieved since 1939 corresponding to the first major reservoir,
Boca, becoming operational in December 1938. Major reservoirs which
-------
65
followed included Prosser in January 1963 and Stampede in August 1969.
By retrieving flow duration data it was possible to determine the per-
centage of time the calculated critical flows could be expected to be
exceeded (i.e., the percentage of time conditions in the stream would
be noncritical).
Duration periods were selected to correspond to the addition of
each major reservoir, a process which would be expected to augment
previous low flows. As noted in Table 12, the percentage of time a
given flow was exceeded has increased with the addition of each re-
servoir. However, since the periods of record associated with the
addition of Prosser and Stampede reservoirs are shorter and therefore
potentially less statistically sound, this discussion will only relate
to statistics for the overall period of record 1939-1976. This assures
conservative results.
If an application factor of 1/20 LC5Q is considered, the data
indicate inadequate protection for long-term survival in the completely
mixed zone beginning approximately 1,200 m (3,800 ft) downstream from
the plant in the absence of ammonia removal. Flows will be in excess of
24.3 m3/sec (857 cfs) only 23% of the time. However, if only the most
critical period is considered, approximately April 1 - June 30 during
spawning, it can be expected that flows will exceed the 1/20 LC5Q flow
53% of the time. Flows can be expected to exceed the critical 1/10 LC
flow of 10.6 m3/sec (374 cfs) 75% of the time. During the spawning
period, flows will exceed 10.6 m3/sec (374 cfs) 85% of the time.
50
A note of caution is in order concerning absolute reliance upon
flow projections statistically derived from past records. It is recog-
nized that 1977 drought conditions may produce unpredictably low Truckee
River flows of less than the projected 100-year, 7-day low flow of 76
cfs. Under these conditions, an adequate margin of safety to protect
-------
a\
Table 22
FLOW DURATION STATISTICS
TRUCKEE RIVER AT USCS CAGE NEAR VISTA, NEVADA
Period
of
Record
in Period
1939-62
1963-69
1970-76
1939-76
Ma.ior
Reservoirs 1/20 EC5Q Flow
on System A11 values
in Period
of Record
BOCA (12/38) 18
BOCA (12/38), PROSSER (1/63)
26
BOCA (12/38), PROSSER (1/63),
STAMPEDE (8/69) 31
23
% of Time 1
= 857 cfs
4/1-6/30
Values
45
58
68
53
-low Exceeded
1/10 EC5Q Flow = 374 cfs
All values
in Period
of Record
68
75
95
75
4/1-6/30
Values
78
83
98
85
Flow = 177 cfs
All values
in Period
of Record
97
99.9
100
99
4/1-5/30
Values
99.8
100
100
99.9
-------
67
aquatic life may not exist. However, the computer program used to
formulate flow projections is considered to be reasonably conservative
because it evaluated a period (1961-1962) in which 7-day flows as low as
63 cfs were recorded.
Chlorine
Chlorine, when used as a disinfectant, may be present in water as
free available chlorine in the form of hypochlorous acid or hypochlorite
ion, or both. In municipal wastewater where an abundance of ammonia is
available, chlorine will also be present as combined available chlorine
in the form of chloramines (mono-, di-, and tri-). The toxicity of free
available chlorine is similar to that of chloramines; therefore, for
bioassay purposes a measure of residual chlorine (free available +
combined chlorine) is adequate to define chlorine toxicity.* Studies
conducted on other species of trout (rainbow and brook trout) established
7-day LC5Q values of 0.08 mg/1 residual chlorine.5 An intensive fish-
diversity study of the receiving water downstream from 156 sewage treat-
ment plants showed brook trout and brown trout to be totally absent in
waters having residual chlorine levels greater than approximately 0.02
mg/1.6
NEIC conducted a second bioassay using chlorinated Reno-Sparks
Joint WPCP effluent. The undiluted effluent proved extremely toxic and
resulted in 100% mortality to test fish within three hours of exposure,
a violation of NPDES permit limitations. During the first 24 hours of
this test, residual chlorine concentrations averaged 0.66 mg/1 and total
ammonia-N averaged 18.3 mg/1 or 0.33 mg/1 un-ionized ammonia [Table 3].
The 96-hr LC5Q was calculated to be a mixture of 12% chlorinated ef-
fluent diluted with 88% Truckee River water. This mixture contained
averages of 0.05 mg/1 chlorine and 0.02 mg/1 un-ionized ammonia-N.
-------
68
The bioassay performed on the chlorinated wastewater determined
that chlorine was the major toxic component of the Reno-Sparks Joint
WPCP discharge. Applying the factors 1/20 and 1/10 to the LC5Q value
of 0.05 mg/1 for chlorine indicates in-stream concentrations would have
to be extremely low, averaging 0.0025 and not exceeding 0.005 mg/1.
The WPCP cannot merely lower chlorine residuals and allow stream mixing
to dissipate this toxicity since lowering the residual also drastically
reduces the disinfecting properties for which the chlorination is in-
tended. As noted in the "NPDES Compliance" section, maintaining an
average chlorine residual of only 0.45 mg/1 during the study resulted in
violation of NPDES fecal coliform bacteria limits. It is essential that
both adequate disinfection be accomplished and stream biota be pro-
tected. The only viable alternatives to accomplish both are to either
change to a less persistent disinfectant (e.g., ultraviolet light,
ozone, bromine chloride), or dechlorinate the effluent prior to dis-
charge (e.g., sulfur dioxide or sodium bisulfite).
FISH SURVIVAL
Juvenile Lahontan cutthroat trout,.approximately 10 to 13 cm total
length, were exposed in cages in the Truckee River and Steamboat Creek
for various periods [Table 13]. In violation of NPDES Permit limita-
tions, patterns of survival were influenced by the discharge of toxic
substances from the Reno-Sparks WPCP into Steamboat Creek.
»
All caged trout in Truckee River reaches and Steamboat Creek up-
stream of the discharge survived the entire exposure [Figure 11]. Trout
held at Station 261 in the Truckee River 30 m (100 ft) downstream from
Steamboat Creek (but on the north bank upstream of the area in which
Reno-Sparks effluent mixed) also survived the exposure. Total mortality
occurred within 3 hours among fish placed near the south bank of the
river 30 m (100 ft) downstream from Steamboat Creek. Downstream 700 m
-------
Ta!ila 13
SURVIVAL OP CAGED LAHOSTAti CVTTBKOAT TROUT
THOCKEE RIVER AUD STEAMBOAT CREEK
MARCH AND APRIL 1977
STATION
NUMBER
0200
0200
0211
0220
0261
0261
0262
0262
0263
DESCRIPTION
Truckee R. 1.8 ml. upstream of
Steamboat Cr. . south bank
Truckee R.,1.8 ml. upstream of
Steamboat Cr. , north bank
Truckee R. downstream from North
Truckee Drain, 0.1 mi. upstream
from Steamboat Cr. , north bank
Steamboat Cr. 0.1 mi. upstream
from WPCI' discharge
Truckee R. 30 m (90 ft) downstream
from Steamboat Cr. . north bank
Truckee R. 30 m (90 ft) downstream
from Steamboat Cr. . south bank
Truckee R. 700 m (2300 ft) downstream
fron Steamboat Cr. , south bank
Truckee R. 700 m (2300 ft) downstream
from Steamboat Cr.. north bank
Truckee R. 975 m (3200 ft) downstream
DATE IN
3/26
3/26
3/26
3/26
3/26
3/26
3/26
3/26
3/28
DATE OUT
4/1
4/7
3/31
4/7
3/31
"
3/26
3/27
3/28
3/31
REMARKS
All fish survived 6 days.
then cage lost.
All fish sur^.ved 12 days.
All fish survived 5 days.
All fish survived 12 days.
All fish survived 5 days.
Total mortality within 3 hours.
Total mortality within 24 hours.
602 mortality within 24 hours.
100! mortality within 48 hours.
10% mortality at 24 hours. 601
0264
0270
0280
0290
fron Steamboat Cr., mid-channel
Truckee R. 1 mi. (1600 m) downstream
from Steamboat Cr.. mid-channel
Truckee R. 1.2 mi. (1930m) downstream
from Steamboat Cr. at SPRR bridge, mid-
channel
Truckee R. 3.4 mi. downstream from
Steamboat Cr. at Lockwood, mid-channel
Truckee R. 4.8 mi. downstream from
Steamboat Cr. at Mustang, mid-channel
3/28
3/28
3/31
3/31
4/1
4/1
4/7
4/7
mortality at 48 hours. 1002
mortality within 72 hours.
Total survival 24 hours. 802
mortality 48 hours, 90*
mortality 72 hours, 1002
mortality within 96 hours.
lOOt! survival 24 hours, 305
mortality 48 hours, 60" mortality
at 72 hours.
All fish survived 7 days.
All fish survived 7 days.
cn
10
-------
KEY
01
HOURLY EXPOSURE
200= STATION NUMBER
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM, NOT TO SCAlt
Figure 11. Survival at 24 Hour Intervals of Caged Lahontan Cutthroat Trout
Mau -5 tr "'1 7 """*
-------
71
(2,300 ft) from Steamboat Creek at Station 262 all fish exposed near the
south bank were dead within 24 hours. Fish exposed near the north bank
at this location died within 48 hours. Midchannel at Station 263 (975 m
cr 3.POO ft. downstream), 10% mortality occurred the first day and all
fish were dead within 72 hours. All fish survived the first 24 hours at
Station 264, 1,600 m (1.0 mi) downstream from the discharge; conversely,
all of these fish were dead within 96 hours. At the Southern Pacific
Railroad Bridge (1.9 km or 1.2 mi from Steamboat Creek), no mortality
occurred the first day, but 60% mortality occurred within 72 hours.
Downstream at Lockwood (RM 3.4) and Mustang (RM 4.8), all fish survived
7-day exposures in the Truckee River.
These results demonstrate that toxic materials discharged from the
Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP were harmful to native cutthroat trout in the
Truckee River, especially in the zone where complete mixing had not
occurred. As previously discussed, the flow conditions at the time of
the survey caused complete mixing to occur within 1,200 m (3,800 ft) of
Steamboat Creek. Heavy mortalities occurred within the mixing zone, and
lesser degrees of toxicity were detected in the next 770 m (2,500 ft)
downstream to Station 270. Bioassays conducted during this study
showed that the toxicity of the Reno-Sparks Joint WPCP discharge was
caused primarily by chlorine or chlorinated compounds, and stream sam-
pling revealed ammonia concentrations which would not be acutely toxic
to cutthroat trout. Un-ionized ammonia-N concentrations at Station 270
averaged 0.03 mg/1, or about 1/8 of the 96-hr LC5Q. Therefore, it was
concluded that the high degree of toxicity in the mixing area was caused
by residual chlorine, and that this residual chlorine was dissipated or
assimilated in the reach between the Southern Pacific Railroad Bridge
(RM 1.2) and Lockwood (RM 3.4).
MACROINVERTEBRATE DISTRIBUTION
Macroinvertebrate communities were sampled at ten locations along
a 12-mile stretch of the Truckee River extending from 2.9 km (1.8 mi)
-------
72
upstream of the confluence with Steamboat Creek to 16.6 km (10.3 mi
downstream from the confluence, and at two locations in Steamboat Creek
upstream from the Reno-Sparks WPCP discharge [Table 14]. Moderate to
fast currents flowing over gravel-cobble bottoms (riffles) were predomi-
nant at the most upstream Truckee River locations, at the five farthest
downstream locations, and at the two locations in Steamboat Creek. Slow
moving, relatively deep water overlying softer sediments (pool) was
encountered in the Truckee River near the Steamboat Creek confluence.
Ri'ffle communities were most abundant at the farthest upstream
2
location on the Truckee River ranging from 7,638 to 13,275 organisms/m
[Table 15]. Abundance was also large at the most upstream riffle lo-
cation on Steamboat Creek (10,769/m ). A pronounced depletion of or-
ganisms was observed at the first riffle location downstream from the
discharge, ranging from 2,884 to 4,592 organisms/m . Abundance then
returned to near upstream levels at the Southern Pacific Railroad Bridge,
1.9 km (1.2 mi) downstream from the discharge, with numbers ranging from
11,265 to 15,575 organisms/m . At subsequent downstream stations abun-
dance fluctuated between 3,317 and 12,247/m2, generally larger than the
riffle community samples just downstream from the discharge but somewhat
smaller than the upstream reference community.
With the exception of one location just upstream of Steamboat Creek
along the south bank, macroinvertebrates in pool areas numbered 61 to
1,919/m2 [Table 16]. At the noted locality, abundance was the highest
O
of any station sampled during the survey, 15,791/m . Unlike other pool
areas, this station contained coarse sand and cobbles that may have
provided an enhanced habitat for benthos. A notable drop in abundance
occurred a few meters downstream in the mouth of Steamboat Creek (1,205/m ),
followed by a further decrease at the next station 50 m downstream on
the south bank (123/m2), and a subsequent increase 300 m farther down-
stream (711/m2). Community abundance at midchannel and along the north
bank downstream from the discharge also reflected the impoverished
conditions found along the south bank.
-------
73
Table 14
WCROINVERTEBRATE SAMPLING LOCATIONS
TRUCKEE RIVER
March 1977
Station Location
Description
Samples
-1.80 TR
-0.11 TR
-0.01 TR
0.00 TR
-0.50 SC
-0.10 SC
0.01 TR
0.20 TR
0.25 TR
1.20 TR
3.40 TR
10.30 TR
Streamwide riffle 1.8 miles
upstream from Steamboat Creek
confluence
Pool area 100 m upstream from
N. Truckee Drain confluence
Pool area just upstream from
Steamboat Creek confluence
Mouth of Steamboat Creek
Streamwide riffle on Steamboat
Creek upstream from WPCP
discharge
Streamwide riffle on Steamboat
Creek upstream from WPCP
discharge
Pool area just downstream from
Steamboat Creek confluence
Pool area downstream from
Steamboat Creek confluence
Steamwide riffle
Riffle areas along north and
south banks at Southern Pacific
RR bridge upstream of USGS gage
Riffle areas along north and
south banks at bridge at Mustang
1 ea., south, north
banks, midstream (burber
sampler).
1 ea., south, north
banks, midstream
(Petersen dredge).
1 ea., south, north banks,
midstream (Petersen
dredge).
1 @ midstream
(Petersen dredge).
1 @ midstream
(Surber sampler).
1 @ midstream
(Surber sampler).
1 ea., south, north
banks, midstream
(Petersen dredge).
1 ea., south, north
banks, midstream
(Petersen dredge).
1 ea., south, north banks,
midstream (Surber sampler).
1 ea., south, north banks
(Surber sampler).
1 ea., south, north banks
(Surber sampler).
Riffle area along north and south
banks at railroad bridge at Patrick. (Surber sampler).
* Negative numbers indicate distances (river miles) upstream of Steamboat
Creek - Truckee River confluence.
-------
Table -IS
RIFFLE COHHOUITIES
BENTHIC HACROIHVERTEBRATES
TRUCKEK RIVER, NEVADA
Harch 197?
Number of Macroinvertebrates/m*
Classification
Annelida
QHgochaeta
Enchytraeldae
Earthworms
Naididae
Tubiftcidae
Li-mydfilua cloporedianua
L. hoffneisteri
Pzccnorycitidea californionua
Tubifex tubifex
inrjiture uithout copilliform chaatoe
imatura uith copilliform chzetoe
Nematcda
-1.80TR+
SBt+ .M
54
SOB
71
22
11
-0.50SC -0.10SC 0.25 TR
NB M M SB M NB
108 22 11
270
540 11 454
"0 32 896 11 54
22 32
11
1.30TR
SB NB
11
,
32
22 11
« «
11
3.40TR
SB NB
1210 22
1296 11
11
4.80TR 10.
SB NB SB
1]
11 11 151
32
22 248
108 11
30TR
NB
54
194
432
Platyhelminthes
Crustacea
Amphipoda
Hjulella aateea
Gamarus
Decopoda
Astacue (?)
Acarl
HydracaHna
Insecta
Epheroeroptera
Baetidae
Ea-ctis
Heptageniidae
Epheierellidae
11
11
184
11
11 11
11
43
108
11
Trlcorythldae
Triaofjftliadea
Coenis
Trichoptera
Hydropsychidae
fjdfops'johe
C'r.c c-zrops-jche
Hydroptilldae
Agraylea
Ockfotrichia
11
2290 1102 205
205 43 464
119 475 3413
7614 4050 464
259 508 76
11
97
1944
3175
22
821
518
184
32 22 443 421 324
22 140
22
637 227 194 97 11 529
11
292
11
292 162
529 713
32
292
22
11
227 886
130 248
43
907 76
443
11
335 1156 1901 378
216 378 2462 1706
11
11
-------
rable l& i f '
Riri'LK COMHtli. ' -
BE11TI1IC MACROIOVrJlTs: '''.'<..';?
7RUCKEE. RTVER, NEVADA
March 1977
Levcotrichia
Glossosorratidae
Agape tus
Glossoso-ia
Protoptila
Rhyacophilidae
P'r-jacopkila
Plecoptera
Chloroperlidae
Isogeiua
Isossrla
Coleoptera
Elmidae
Zaiszavia
h;:s£\j't-lQ6puB
Lepidoptera
Pyralidae
Parzsyraciia
Diptera
trcpididae
He-.irsdroma
Tipulidae
!',"" 3 a
Simul i idae
Chlronoaidae
Tanypodmae
Chironominae
C/i^/*cpiCJrus
C?*r*'^r'£o3fit7W»(ViUff
P-'^^-rans^B
PsracZitJose Zroi
PoZ tycailicn
Tanytarsini
Oiameslnae
Poticijlia
Orthocladinae
« 77'
Crirotosus
Sukifffarit I la
Orinoclcdiue
Tric'f.octadi-js
Triasoc ladius
PoectrocladiuB
Cafdioclcdiua
Total Number of Kinds
Total Nur.be r/r.2
-1.80TR1
SBt+ M
11
.
..
11
n 11
108 K
518 205
32 11
86 173 1
54
227 130
11
1598 454
54
162
20 19
13717 7638
N3
54
11
65
130
11
,901
292
22
270
n
n
302
1944
302
24
13275
-0.50SC
M
11
54
119
54
983
11
IV
32
22
11
4687
43
17
10769
Number of Nacrolnvertebrates/m .
-0 10SC 0.25 TR 1.30TR 3.10TR 4.80TR 10.30TR
M SB M NB S3 N3 S3 N3 SB KS SB N3
410 119 54 400 11 3402 54 11 5194
43 11 140
108 108 >1
22 108 43
11
43 2614 1231 22 1588 756 853 11 583 86
464
22 22
32 454 572 65 1080 259 43 626 108 173 184
22
11 43 43
508 97 205 896
11 11 11
22
11
11
11
11 11 11 248 11
11
2365 367 259 205 8640 12960 2333 2398 5389 5152 227 324
11 11
184
11
12 9 16 15 13 11 13 8 12 10 12 18
2668 4592 4127 2884 11265 15575 7886 3317 12247 7593 5886 9924
tn
-1.80 7V?t -R'.-jcr miles front Stcorl-oat Creak Confluence (0.00)
SStt tt5S=SouSft Bank, M*Midotrean, HB=ftorth Bank
-------
Table 16
POOL COMMUNITIES
BENTHIC HACHOJNVERTEBRATES
THUCKEB RIVER, NEVADA
tomh J077
CTl
Humber of Hacrolnvertebrates/m
Classification
-0.11TR
SB
SB
-0.01TR '
M NB
O.OOTR
M
SB
0.03TR
M
NB
SB
0.20TR
H
NB
Annelida
Qllgochaeta
cnchytraeldae
Earthworms
Naididae
Tublficidae
Li-mcdrilus claparadiamu
I. koffneiateri
Psa-norysitidcs californionue
Tubifes tubifes
umsture uitlmut eopilliform choetoe
imatura oith copilliform chaetoe
Neiratcda
Platyhelminthes
Crustacsa
Amphipoda
Kjalella aetaca
Ccrroruo
Decopoda
Aatacua (?)
Acarl
Hydracarlna
Insecta
Ephemaroptera
Baetidae
Bastis
Heptagenlidae
Epheirarellidae
Esr-.air.erella
Tricorythidae
Tricoryt'aodae
Caer.ie
Trichoptera
Hydropsychidae
Kydropaycke
46
232
46
15
31
868
93
46
77
496
15
31
31
279
62
15
31
15
46
31
15
93
356
93
356
93
15
46
77
2
31
124
15
15
15
Rydroptilidae
Agraylea
Ockrotrichia
542
8571 15
186
15
483
15
93
T5
15
31
108
-------
POOL ::u:t!riKS
BEIITH1C ;.f/C'.. "VlV/.Ti BRATES
TRUCKUE MVE-i, NEVADA
Classification
Le'ucotT'lc'nia
GlossosoTtatidae
fgspetus
Glossosom
Protoptila
Rhyacophilidae
p.'rfjccopriita
Plecoptera
Chloroperlidae
/sojer.us
Isoperla
Coleoptera
Emidae
Zcitzevic
Paxzcylloepua
Lepldoptera
Pyralidae
Pcrejyrectis
Dipt era
Enpldae
Re-.ervdrorna
Tipulidae
Antoc'rjL
Slmuliidae
CMroncmdae
Tanypodinae
Chi fonoim nae
Cufjp tss'f.'.forjona
Dicrotsrdipea
Erjioe'" ireroTM
Eirfsldic
Parse Icdcpe laa
Polypidil.ai
Tany'tarsinl
Dia.T.esinae
Orthocladinae
or-.ll'.s
Su'-icffcnella
Tric'roclcdiua
Trissoclcdiua
Psscirsclcdi.ua
Total Nu-.ier of Kinds
Total Nur.ber/ni2
Number of Macroinvertebrates/nr
-O.^ITR -0.01TR O.OOTR 0.03tR . b.^iU NB
SB H NB - SB M MB H SB fl NB E «
108
31
15 15
31 15 806
15 62 ,5
15 31 15
15
365
93 31 15
15
31 " 62 1S 31 « 15
15 is 201 31 « 15
15
15
31 77 170 4185 46 496 852 108 15 651 186 124 93
62 248 46
15
31
10 35 18 28 8 4 3 12 6 (6 6
538 216 1573 15791 61 959 1205 216 123 1919 711 ' 309 339
-------
78
Community structure in the study reach of the Truckee River re-
flected a more extensive impact of the WPCP discharge than did abun-
dance. At the upstream riffle station, total types of organisms ranged
from 19 to 24, the largest variety encountered in the entire reach.
These were comprised of typically clean water invertebrates including
Plecoptera, Ephemeroptera, Coleoptera, and Trichoptera which made up
from 52 to 86% of the total abundance.
At the first riffle 400 m (1,300 ft) downstream from the discharge,
a marked change was observed in the community along the south bank which
was not reflected in the midstream or north bank populations. Trichop-
tera, Plecoptera, and Coleoptera were absent from this sample and Epheme-
2
roptera were reduced to a relatively small number (44/m or 1%). The
remaining groups included the tolerant Diptera and Oligochaeta, and one
species of Lepidoptera (Paragyractis sp.). Only 9 types of macroinver-
tebrates were collected from this area. At the midstream and north bank
sampling sites, community structures resembled those found in reference
riffle areas, although variety was reduced somewhat to 16 and 15 types,
respectively. Trichoptera, Plecoptera and Ephemeroptera accounted for
52 and 68% of the respective abundances, similar to reference communities,
Community structures at the next three downstream sampling sites
differed from reference communities primarily by the predominance of
tolerant Diptera, which comprised 57 to 90% of the invertebrates at all
except the south bank station at the Lockwood bridge (34%). At this
latter station, another tolerant group, Oligochaeta, was equally as
abundant as Diptera (32%). Plecoptera were absent at all stations and
Trichoptera, Ephemeroptera, and Coleoptera were reduced considerably
from reference levels (1 to 37% combined percentages). Variety at these
stations varied from 8 to 13 types, below reference levels.
A return of community structure to near reference levels occurred
at the last sampling site, 16.6 km (10.3 mi) downstream from the dis-
charge at Patrick. Here, variety was 12 and 18 on the south and north
-------
79
banks, respectively. Again, Trichoptera, Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera
made up the majority of organisms collected (85% on both banks). Diptera
were reduced to 5 and 7% on the south and north banks respectively,
comparable to reference levels.
Community structures on Steamboat Creek, upstream from the dis-
charge, reflected changing conditions as the point of discharge was
approached. At the farthest upstream sampling point (800 m upstream of
the discharge), the riffle community contained Trichoptera, Ephemeroptera,
and Coleoptera (45% of organisms) and a majority of Diptera (54%). At
the riffle station 200 m upstream of the discharge, Diptera comprised
94% of the community abundance while Trichoptera and Ephemeroptera
contributed only 2%. Plecoptera and Coleoptera were not found. The
community structure here is similar to riffle stations encountered at
the second, third and fourth sampling locations on the Truckee River
downstream from the discharge. Due to its proximity to the discharge,
the community structure at this station may be attributed to a backing
up of the effluent during periods of high water.
In the pool reach encompassing the Steamboat Creek discharge, com-
munity variety was generally lower than riffle station samples along the
Truckee River and in Steamboat Creek. Total types of organisms ranged
from 2 to 12 at all except the station immediately upstream of and
adjacent to Steamboat Creek confluence. This latter station, previously
sited for its abundance of macroinvertebrates, supported 18 types. The
atypical bottom type (i.e. coarse sand and cobbles) may have accounted
for this large variety, which included clean water forms (Trichoptera,
Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera) noted at the reference riffle site. These
made up 62% of the total abundance. Elsewhere in the pool, 74 to 100%
of the macroinvertebrates were tolerant Diptera and Oligochaeta.
In terms of variety, a depletion of total types occurred along the
south bank (discharge side) of the Truckee River. At the farthest
-------
GO
upstream station, across and upstream of North Truckee Drain, 10 types
were collected; 18 types were found at the station immediately upstream
from the discharge; 8 types were found in the confluence; 4 types were
found 50 m downstream; and a slight recovery to 6 types was found 250 m
farther downstream. Variety along the north bank and mid-channel did
not indicate a response to plume influence as it did along the south
bank ("Effluent Mixing Study" sub-section). Total types actually
increased for some distance along the north bank, from 5 types at the
station immediately upstream from north Truckee Drain, to 8 types just
across and upstream from the discharge and then to 12 types 50 m
downstream ^nd across from the discharge. Types were reduced to six
250 m downstream, indicating the influence of the effluent plume.
ALGAL GROWTH
The Truckee River at reference Station 200 contained low concentra-
tions of nitrogen and phosphorus [Table 9]. Periphyton populations
consisted of diverse assemblies of diatoms as well as a few filamentous
green algae. Periphytic chlorophyll ^concentrations averaged 20.8
ug/cm [Table 17]. The algal growth potential (AGP) test using this
water stimulated 11.2 mg/1 dry weight of algae [Table 18].
Downstream from the Reno-Sparks discharge, nutrient concentrations
in the Truckee River increased dramatically [Table 9]. Periphyton
populations and peri-phytic chlorophyll ^concentrations were greatly
reduced, probably by the toxicity of the effluent. An in-situ AGP test
produced no growth. This AGP test appeared to be limited by light and
temperature, because similar laboratory tests produced profuse algal
growths.
From Steamboat Creek 2.1 km (1.3 mi.) downstream to the gaging
station, the nutrient load was not being assimilated by algae. This was
-------
81
Table 17
PERIPHYTIC CHLOROPHYLL a_ CONCENTRATIONS
TRUCKEE RIVER - RENO, NEVADA
March 25 - April 7t 197?
Station
0200
0211
0220
0261
0270
0300
Location
Truckee River off Kimlick Lane
Truckee River Downstream from
North Truckee Drain 0.1 km
Steamboat Creek Upstream of
Reno-Sparks WPCP Discharge
Truckee River Downstream from
Steamboat Creek 0.1 km
Truckee River at USGS Gage
Station
Truckee River at SPRR Bridge
Near Patrick
Chlorophyll a_
(uq/cm2)
20.8
3.8'1'
3.5
0.3
2.3
34.5
t Short Exposure (March 25 - April 1, 1977)
-------
82
Table 18
ALGAL GROWTH POTENTIAL TESTS - EFFLUENT ADDITIONS
TRUCKEE RIVER - RENO, NEVADA
March - April, 1977
Addition
(*)
Reference
(100% Truckee
River Water)
5
10
25
50
Inorganic
Reno-Sparks
. WPCP
N (mg/1)
j.
Treated1
R/S WPCP
Total P
(mg/1 )
Selenastrum
Maximum Yield
Reno-Sparks Treated
WPCP
0.09
1.0
1.9
4.7
9.2
0.7
1.2
2.9
5.7
0.25
0.5
1.2
2.3
R/S
0.03
0.
0.
0.
0.
WPCP
05
08
15
26
(mg/1 dry weight)
Reno-Sparks
WPCP
11
38.9
69.8
333.2
431.1
Treated
R/S WPCF
.2
27.1
38.2
129.9
145.9
-t Treated with 400 mg/l Ca(OH)
-------
83
evidenced by low periphyton densities, low periphytic chlorophyll a_
concentrations, absence of in-situ AGP results, and high nutrient
concentrations.
Algal growth recovered at the station farthest downstream at
Patrick (Station 300). The periphytic chlorophyll a concentration was
2 ~
34.5 yg/cm . The diatom population was diverse and no evidence of
toxicity remained. The nutrient concentrations remained high, 0.56 mg/1
total phosphorus and 2.15 mg/1 inorganic nitrogen.
Laboratory AGP tests showed that the addition of Reno-Sparks ef-
fluent to the receiving water stimulated algal blooms. Additions of
effluent (5 to 50%) stimulated 3 to 39 times more growth than occurred
without effluent additions [Table 18].
The treatment of Reno-Sparks effluent with hydrated lime reduced
the phosphorus concentrations from 5.0 to 0.5 mg/1 (as P). The AGP
tests using treated effluent produced up to 66% reduction of Selenastrum
growth compared to tests using untreated effluent [Table 18].
Additions of nitrogen stimulated algal growth in the laboratory
using Selenastrum. Laboratory tests conducted by the NEIC in the summer
of 1976 using Cladophora (indigenous to the Truckee River) showed both
nitrogen and phosphorus stimulated growth. Because.phosphorus is more
easily removed from wastewaters than nitrogen, it is the nutrient
usually chosen for control. The AGP tests indicate that each reduction
of 1.0 yg/1 of phosphorus will produce a 0.14 mg/1 reduction in
Selenastrum or a 0.76 mg/1 reduction in Cladophova growths.
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85
REFERENCES
1. National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering,
1973. "Water Quality Criteria 1972," EPA - R3.73.033, p. 187.
2. R. Lloyd, and L.D. Orz, 1969. The diuretic response of rainbow
trout to sub-lethal concentrations of ammonia. Water Res.,
3:335-34/1.
3. H. Liebmann, 1960. Handbuch der frischwasser and abwasserbiologie.
II. Munchen.
4. P. Doudoroff, and M. Katz, 1950. Critical Review of Literature
on the Toxicity of Industrial Wastes and Their Components to
Fish. Sewage and Industrial Hastes. 22:1432.
5. J. C. Merkens, 1958. Studies on the Toxicity of Chlorine and
Chloramines to the Rainbow Trout. Water & Waste Trt. Jour.,
(G.B.), 7:150.
6. C. Tasi, 1971. Water Quality and Fish Life Below Sewage Outfalls.
Progress Report, Nation Resources Institute, University of Maryland,
College Park.
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APPENDIX A
RENO-SPARKS NPDES PERMIT NV0020150
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V V7
t*no"*
89
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
REGION IX
1OO CALIFORNIA STREET
SAN FRANCISCO. CALIFORNIA 94111
Certified Mail No. 704718
:alvin J. Dodson January 10, 1975
)irector of Public v/orks
431 Prater Way
Sparks NV 89431
Jear Mr, Dodson:
In accordance with the provisions of the Federal .VJater
Pollution Control Act (33 USC 1251 et.ceq.), the Environ.-ner.tal
Protection Agency has reviewed the following application for a
ii.itional Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit
to discharge was^ewaters:
Discharger
Reno-Sparks Joint W?C Plant
Application Mo./ NPDES Mo.
NV0020150
This Agency has published a public notice of tentative
determinations regarding the above application.. After con-
sideration of the expressed views of all interested persons and
agencies, pertinent Federal statutes and regulations, and State
action regarding cements or certification of che discharge, the
Regional Administrator has made his final determinations.
Pursuant to 40 CF-R 125.35, the Regional Administrator
is issuing a permit on this application, including certain terrr.s
;.r::l conditions which he has determined are necessary to carry ouc
th° guidelines and requirements of the Act. The final determinations
have been significantly changed from the tentative determinations.
The Regional Administrator is giving public notice of such deter-
minations.
JAN 201975
Bureau of Environmental Heall'n
II TV II
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90
Enclos-d you'will find a copy of the notice and the
uitl'ss thlrets a kitten' request for an adjudicatory hearing
pursuant to 40 CFR 125.36(b).
[40 CFR 125.36(b)].
Sincerely,
.x^ector, Enforcement Division
Enclosures
cc- t^evada Bureau of Environmental Health
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland
COE, Sacramento District
12th Coast Guard District
Mr. Warren Meacham, Public Works Director, Reno
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Permit N.i. NV0020150
Application No.
91
AUTHORIZATION TO DISCHARGE UNDER THE
NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM
Tn compliance with the provisions of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended,
U.S.C. 1251 et. scq; the "Act"),
The City of Sparks
Public Works Department
431 Prater Way
Sparks NV 89431
ithorized to disehar^o from Discharge Serial Mo. 001, the Reno-Sparks Joint
Her Pollution Control Plant, located at 6500 Kimlick Lane near Sparks, Nevada.
eccivins waters named Steamboat Creek (Latitude 39O31'3.7"M; Longitude 119°42I10.0"W)
iccordancc with effluent limitations, monitoring requirements and other conditions set forth
'arts I, II, and III hereof.
This permit shall become effective on
This permit and thr authorization to discharge shall expire at midnight, May ^ 1977
ned thU day of J/\N 1 U 13
For the Regional Administrator
//'
Direct/or, Enforcement Division
'\J
. -n«3J.'?..4 (10-73)
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LIMITATIONS ^ND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS (baccd upon a design treatment capacity
of Q.88m /sec, or 20
r «rj? JESS r sss^i sisss.«« ±«<:>nc -M-JS&S-
Such discharges shall be limited and monitored by the permittee as specified'below:
Kr.,,,nNT ' DISCHARGE LIMITATION'S. ' MONITORING REQUIREMENTS
CMnA'^EliisTic: kg/day(lbs/day) .-Other. Units(Specify) Measurement Sar.ple
-^-^: Average - Daily Max Average" Dally Max Frequency .Type
30-Day 7-Day ' 30-Day 7-Day Continuous 1 -
(1700) 1200 (2500)
spendodsolids* 1500(3400)2300(5000) 4600^10.000) 20HJ/1 30rn_g/l -^ ay
ttlcablc Solids ~ ~ : ;_^. __ m .__ Daily .Discrete
tel Residual chlotrine - " ! j\ 200/100ml 400/lOOml 2000/lOOml Daily Discrete
cal Coiiform Bacteria i Daily Discrete
tal Dissolved Solids' -- ~ j "" __ __ __ vteckly Composite
tal Phosphates
-oth-he influent and effluent shall be sampled.
">. shall be no discharge of toxic substances that cause violation of the provisions of water Cfcality standards for
- State of Nevada.
& r-^ t,,nl dissolved solids data shall be rcportfia
' '"c: toi the voter supply and th3 efrlusn..
^ \^ ^ **>^ *^
c. The discharge shall not cause objectionable odors at the surface of the receiving waters. . ^ ^
d. mere nhall bo no discharge oC floa'iing colido or visible Coan in other than trace amounts, 15
o. Scr-plcs taken in cor-.plianc'e with.the- monitoring requirements specified above shall be taken at the
:Clir"in|cnt°fiar,JlMSohall be taken downstream from anv additions to the trunk sewer and prior to
tre.-\tv..cnt. . -,--,.- 1 -*~r Prr- -nv -'«'«ti~ from the trcatncnt vork's and prior ^
r*ei » !< .IT r\ t\i err tti >j » ~~ g-^
o o
">
*z
< ~
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PARTI
93
FJCe 3 of ig
PcimilNo. NV 0020150
Rr.HEDULE OF COMPLIANCE
The permittee shall achieve compliance with thn efflueat limitations specified for
discharges in accordance with the following schedule:
a. January 1, 1976 complete a facilities plan; and by
b. January 1, 1977 complete engineerir.c plans and specifications for
facilities necessary to assure compliance with the effluent limitations
specified in conditions I.E.4 and I.A.2.
c. Reports of progrsss with respect to achievement Df the above scheduled
events shal'l be submitted to the Regional Administrator no later than
July!, 1975 and July 1, 1976.
No later than 14 calendar d?y<5 follcr.viTfq a date identified in the'above schedule of
compliance, the permittee shall submit cither a report of prop-ess or, in the case of
specific actions borne required by identified dates, a written notice of compliance or
noncompliance. In the latter case, the notice sb.oll include the rause of nop.compliance.
any remedial actions taken, and the probability of meeting the next scheduled
requirement.
A "schedule of compliance" r.ear.s a procran conposed of tv;o
integral parts: (o) plan - description of new or modified
facilities to treat and dispose of the effluent; and (b)
schedule - a tirctablo scttinz? forth the date by which all
waste-waters will be in compliance with the effluent limi-
tations of this pnmit. The schedule shall include (if
appropriate) dates by which the poraittec '..'ill accomplish:
a. Completion of a preliminary engineering plan report;
b. Completion of construction plar.p and specifications;
c. Initiation of construction;
cl. Completion of construction;
c. Demons I-rot 5 on of co?.'.p3 i anre with cCfluont limitations
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B. 4. (based upon a design treatment capacity
of 1.8 mVscc, °r 40 mgd)
Such discharges shall be limited by the permittee as specified below:
EFFLUENT
CHARACTERISTIC
Flownr/Day (MGD)
Biochemical Oxygen
Demand (5-day, 20°C)
Suspended Solids
Total Phosphate
Fecal Coliform
Bacteria
Scttleable Solids
Dissolved Oxygen
pH
DISCHARGE LIMITATIONS
kg/day (Ibs/day) oTher Units (Specify)
Average Daily Max Average Daily Max
30-Day 7-Day
1500
(3300)
2300
(5000)
3000 45*00
(6700) (10,000)
30-Day 7-Dey
4500 10 mg/1 15 mg/1
(10,000)
9100 20 mg/1 30 mg/1
.(20,000)
450
(1000)
680
(1500)
1400
(3000)
3.0mg/l 4.5mg/l
200/lOOml 400/lOOml 2000/lOOml
--- --- 0.1 ml/1 --- 0.2 ml/1
Shall be greater than 6.0 mg/1 at all times
Shall not be less than 6.5 nor greater than 8.5 at any time
VO.
The discharge.shall not cause objectionable odors at the surface of the receiving waters. r
There shall be no discharge of floating solids or visible foam in other than trace amounts.c
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5 of 19 95
Pcrn.il No. NV0020150
MONITORING AND REPORTING
1. Representative Sampling
Samples and measurements taken as required herein shall be representative of the volume
and nature of the monitored discharge.
2. Reporting
Monitoring results obtained during the previous 3 months shall be
summarized for each month and submitted OP. fcms to be supplied by
the Fxegional Administrator, to the extent that the information
reported may be entered on the forms. The results of all monitor-
ing required by this permit shall be submitted in s.uch a format as to
allow direct comparison with the limitations and requirements of
this permit. Unless otherwise specific:!, Jischargs: flows shall be
reported in terms of the avernga flow ov«r each 30-day period and
the maximum daily flow over that 30-day period. Monitoring reports
'shall be postmarked no later than the 2fith day of the nonth following
the completed reporting period. The first report is due on March 28, 19/o
. Duplicate signed copies of these, and .ill other reports
required heroin, shnll be submitted to the Regional Administrator
and the State at the following addresses:
Regional Administrator State of Nevada
Environmental Protection Agency Department of Human Resources
SSS'SlSir^trS?111" - B^auof Ene.al HeaUn
Son Francisco CA 94111 1209 Johnson Street
Carson City NV 89701
3. Definitions
See Part III.
4. Test Procedures
Test procedures for t'nc ?.n;u«:h |>r<;icc!urc3 may l»i« ri-ij'.nrocJ.
5. Recording of /?cs»/rs
for each iiH-ajiirc-rnrnt or vur.plr Liken pursuant lo the ri-c-uiiVMOnts of Urn pi'rmi1.. tho
pcrinillre sli:'.il rrnml tlu% fuJU'win;: iuff.im.
a. Thr ox act pl.uv, d.ilo. ;'.ntl l:nv of v;:r,-,pl:i;«:;
1). Tho cl.id-s t!ir .iiuily.-.-s wi-n- |-i-i i\.r!is- c!;
C. Tlic porson(s) xv'no p'-rffirivn ! l!u- :;i.'!y^>.
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PAR*
$6
IMP 6 Of 19
Permit No. NV0020150
d. The analytical technique* or methods used; and
c. The result? of all required analyses.
' Additional Monitoring by Permittee
above, the results wi aw«-""" » . r«^._
the values required in the D.scharee MomtormR Report Form.
increased frequency shall also he indicated.
, Records Retention
All records and information resulting
permit including all records of analyses Pp^^ shall
^ instmentati°nn*'^^ or lonsrr if requested by the Regional
Adm^nfstrator^rthiTl^c water pollution control a-i-ncy.
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of 19
p«mi«No. NV0020150 97
ANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS
»
. Change in Discharge
All discharges authorized herein shall be consistent with the terms and conditions of this
permit. The discharge of any pollutant identified in this permit more frequently than or
at a level in excess of that authorized shall constitute a violation of the permit. Any
anticipated facility expansions, or treatment modifications which will
result in new, different, or increased discharges of pollutants must be reported by
submission of a new NPDES application or, if such changes will not violate the effluent
limitations specified in this permit, by notice to the permit issuing authority of such
changes. Following sucii notice, the permit may be modified to specify and limit any
pollutants not previously limited.
2. Noncomplicice Nottficntion
If, for any reason, the permittee does not comply wi'h or will oo unable to comply with
any daily maximum effluent l.rtmalion specified in this permit, the permittee shall
provide the Rcponal Administrator and the State with the following information, m
writing, within fi\.e (o) days of becoming aware of such conditiov.
a. A description of the discharge and cause of noncompliancc; and
b. The period of noncompliancc. including exact dates and ti n?s: or, if r.ot corrected,
the anlicip.ited time ilie noiicomphance is expected to continue, and stops being
taken to reduce, eliminate and prevent recurrence of the nor complying discharge.
3. Facilities Operation
The permittee shall at all times mninta:n iZ-SOod working order and operate as efficiently
as possible :ill treatment or control facilities or systems installed or used by the permittee
to achieve compliance \\ith the terms and conditions of this permit.
4. Aducrse Impact
The permittee shall take nil reasonable steps to minimize any adverse impact to receiving
waters result!:^ from noncompliance with any effluent limitations specified in this
permit, including suth atcckratrd or additional monitoring as necessary lo determine the
nature and impart of the noneompK ing disch.irge.
5. Iiypc~sing
Any diversion from or bypass of facilities necessary to maintain compliance with the
lorim ami comlilinii-. uf Ihr- pi-rinil is proliibit-d, i-xivpt (0 wlu-io unaxnul.ihle to prevent
Ins; of life or syvvn* propi rly d.nn.-^o, or (11) v.here OXCCSMVO storm ilrain.i^i1 or runoff
\vould dama-e any r.icilili'-s nercs<:»r>- for eompli.inci1 with Hie effluent limitations and
prohil)ili'..ns"of ihii |ii-rniit. Tl-.i- pi-mullir -lull prnnv.uly notify thu Hc-.oi-al
Aclmini^tr.ilor and tl:-« Siatr in \\iitii-s'of e.wh such d:u-r
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PART II
98
pa.c 8 of 19
PcrmitNo. NV0020150
Removed Substances
Solids sludges filter backwash, or other pollutants removed in the course of treatment or
conuol of wasUwaters shall be disposed of in a manner such as to prevent any pollutant
from such matenals from entering navigable waters.
.Safeguards to Electric Power Failure
See Part III.
RESPONSIBILITIES
1. Right of Entry
credentials:
enter upon the permittee's premises where an effluent source is located o,-in
ich Iny records are requ.red to be kept under the terms and cond.tion, of t.us
permit; and
monng method required in this permit; and to sample an
2 Transfer of Ownership or Control
Admtnhlralor and the Stale u.Ucr pollution control a-oncy.
3. Availability of K
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PART 11
99
Page 9 of jg
Permit No. NV0020150
inspection at the offices of the State water pollution control agency and the Regional
Administrator. As required by the Act, effluent data shall not be considered confidential.
Knowingly making any false statement on any such report may result in the imposition of
criminal penalties as provided for in Section 309 of the Act.
«. Permit Modification
After notice and opportunity for a hearing, this permit may be modified, suspended, or
revoked in whole cr in part during its term for cause including, but not limited to, the
following:
a. Violation of any terms or conditions of this permit;
b. Obtaining this permit by misrepresentation or failure to disclose fully aJl relevant
facts; or
c. A change in any condition that requires cither a temporary or permanent reduction or
elimination of the authonzed discharge.
r, Toxic Pollutants
*'ol\vithstanding Part II, R-4 above, if a toxic effluent standard or prohibition (includinj;
.iiy schedule of compliance specified in such effluent standard or prohibition) is
established under Scj.t-.on 307(a) of the Act for a toxic pollutant uhich is present in the
discharge and such standard or prohibition is more stringent than a- v limitation for such
pollutant in this permit, trr.s permit shall be revised or modified in accordance with the
toxic effluent standard or prohibition and tlije permittee so notified.
6. Cii'il end Criminal Liability
Except as provided in permit conditions on "Bypassing" (Part II, A-5) and "Power
Failures" (Part II, A-7), nothing in this permit shall be construed 10 relieve the permittee
from civil or criminal penalties for noncompliance.
7. Oil and Hazardous Substance Liability
Nothing in this permit shall be construed to preclude the institution of any le^al action or
relieve the permittee from any responsibilities, liabilities, or penalties to which the
permittee is or may bt- subject under Section 311 of the Act.
. Stf.tc Laius
Nothin" in this permit shall bo construed to procli'.df the institution of .my lc;%il action or
relieve Jho pi-rmiitiv from any n-spoi'.sihililirs. liabilities, or prr.-illu-i CitP.bh.Ou-d pi:rsunnt
to r-.ny applicable St:iU' l.iw or ri'^ul.ttinn umiiv authority pri's.'/vi'i' l;y Section 51U of the
Acf.
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100 Pa«« 10 pf 19
p,,mitNo.NV0020150
Property Rights
of this Pomit
- or local laws or
regulations.
Seuercbi/ity
-
ot «.
S o°ff sS ^ron to oe^sta. and «h. ^.n^ of this pe^.t,
shall not be affected thereby.
PART III
,R REQUIREMENTS
art I.A.l.f
with the results of influent and effluent nomtorxng.
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Page 11 of 19 101
Permit No. NV0020150
TART III
OTHER REQUIRi:i:L::VS
Part I. A. 2, -X Tor cor, l: r.eaiov.il
Af tor the effective date of this permit the arith-
metic nciir. of the uioche:r.ical Oxy.jen Demand (5-day)
and Suspended Solids values, by weight, for effluent
samples collected in a period of 30 consecutive cal-
endar days shall not exceed 15 percent of the arith-
metic mean of the values, by weight, for influent
samples collected at approximately the same times ' .
during the 3ara«: period* If fewer than four measure-
ments are made during the 30 consecutive calendar day
period, then compliance or non-conpliance with this
condition shall noc be determined.
.
Part I.B. 5,
The r.ec/ional Administrator nay, upon request of the
permittee, and after public -notice, revise or modify
a schedule of compliance in an issuied permit if he
determines good and valid cause (j;uch as an act of
God, stride, flood, macerials shortage, or other
event over which the por.v.ittee has little or no con-
trol) exists for such revision.
Part I.C.3. Defini±io.'..s
a. The "30-day, or 7-day, average" discharge means
the total discharge by weight during a 30, or 7,
consecutive calcr.dar day period, respectively,
divided by the nunxber of cays in the period that
the facility was discharging. Where less than
daily sampling is required by this permit, the
30-ciay, or 7-day, average discharge shall be
determined by t'ne summation of all the measured
discharges by weiyhc divided by the number of
days during LiiC- 30, or 7, consecutive calendar
day period when the measurements were made.
If fewer tluin four i.-.ortuuremonti; are made during a
30, or V, co:u-.c:c:-JLivc cujU-.iJiM d^-y :»erioci, then
compJ iciiitv or r.L.-n-coMpli.£i;ic^ wj Lli tl.e 30, or 7,
clay avora-jo discharge limitation j.hall not be
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t III
102 Page 12 of 19
Permit Mo. NV0020150
b. .The "daily maximum" discharge means the total
discharge by weight during any calendar day.
i
c. The "30-day, or 7-day, average" concentration,
other Liian for fecal or total coliform bacteria,
means the arithmetic mean of measurements made
during a 30, or 7, consecutive calendar day pe-
riod, r--.jsjj-2ct.ivi.ly. Tho "30-day, or 7-day, aver-
age" concvjntr.-ition for fecal or total coliform
bacteria ii:o
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Page 13 of 19 103
Permit No. NV0020150
listed in the monitoring requirements shall apply for
the duration of each such intermittent discharge. In
no event shall the permittee be required to monitor
and record data moro ofcen than twice the frequencies
listed in the monitoring requirements.
Part I.C.9. Monitoring ''edification
.Monitoring, analytical, and reporting requirements may
be modified by the Regional Administrator upon due
notice.
Part II. A. 2. Non-comr?liance Notification
Non-compliance with tlus conditions of this permit due
to causes outside the reasonable control of the permit-
tee shall nnc be cc-encei oy the Regional Administrator
- to be violations of the terms anci conditions of this
permit.
Part II.A.6. Removed Substances
The return of scuecniiK.-s, sludqes, and other solids
into the waste treatment facility is permitted if the
effluent limitations prescribed by this permit arc not
violated thereoy.
Part II.A.7. Safeguards to Klcctric Power Failure
a. The permittee shall, within ninety (90) days of
the effective* date of this permit, submit to the
Regional Aor-inistrator a description of the exist-
ing safeguards vrovidcjd to assure: that, should
there be reduction, lo=s, or faijure of electric
'power, the porir.ittee she. 11 comply with the terms
and cor.dil. tcv.s of this permit. Such C£ Cecjuarcs
may include alternate power sources, standby cien-
erators, r-.-LoMLion capacity, operating procedures
or other ir.cans. A do^cnplion of the safeguards
provided siKill ir.ciucc an analysis of the fre-
quency, 'UiruLiop., ant; iMpacl oL' pov/er failures,
cxpericMicc-cJ ovor the p^ut five years, on offlutiiit
quality amj a\ Liu: capability of the t-'Orm-Li-tc«
to coi.'.ply '.i'.:i {*.'. t...-i:-.L.- ;i:id condiLions of tho
pernit. Tuo ai.iui:uac- of t!ie s-afocj-jnuci:; is subject
to the approvii] o.1. tin- Keirional Adninistrator.
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PART III
104
Page 14 of 19
Permit No. NV0020150
b. Should tlie treatment works not include safeguards
against reduction, -loss, or failure of electric
power, or, should the Regional Administrator not
approve the existing safeguards, the permittee
shall, within ninety (90) days of the effective
date of this permit, or within ninety (90) days
of having been advised by the Regional Administra-
tor that the existing safe-guards are inadequate,
provide to the Regional Administrator a schedule
of compliance for providing, not later than July 1,
1977, safeguards such that in the event of reduc-
tion, loss, or failure of electric power, the
pernit Lee shall corr.ply with the terms and condi-
tions of this permit. The schedule of compliance
shall, upon approval of the Regional Administrator,
become a ^condition of this permit.
Part II.A.8. Flow Hate Notification
The permittee shall notify the Regional Administrator
and State Agency by letter not later than 90 days
after the 30-day average daily dry-weather discharge
flow rate first equals or exceeds 85C: of the design
treatnant capacity of the permit tee15; facility given
in Part I./i. above. The letter shall include:
.
a. The 30-day average daily discharge flow rate; the
elate on which the instantaneous pefik discharge
flow occurred; the rate of that peak flow; and
the total flow for that day;
b. The permittee's estimate of when "he 30-day aver-
age dry-weather discharge flow ra^e will equal or
exceed the design treatment capacity of the per-
mittee's facility;
c. The porroittctt's schedule of cor.ipli.nnco to provide
additional Lreatnv.inu capacity before the 30-day
average daily clry-v:cathrjr discharge flow rate
equals the present dcuign treatment capacity of
the permittee':; i'ucility.
The pcrnil.tcie shall ir.plor.ent and r;omp".y with the pro-
visions of t'lC: schedule of compliance: at'tor approval
by the Kcqioruil Acis-.ini utrator, jncluuinc; in .saic7 iir.ple-
iftontation or.d conp! i^nrc any acUIi;.ion:i or modifications
v;hic!i LiiO Kuqioiuil yVi:
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Page 15 of 19 105
Permit No. NV0020150
Part II.A.9. Prctreatment of Industrial Kastcwatcrs
a. Submittal of Information
The"permittee shall submit to the Regional
Administrator:
1. Not later than one year from the effective
date of this permit, the information described
in Section IV of EPA Form 7550-22 for each
major contributing industry;
'2. At least thirty days prior to its initiation,
notification of any new introduction of pol-
lutants from sources which, ..1: they v;ere to
discharge to the waters of the* United States,
including the territorial seai;, would be (a) a
new source as defined in Section 306 of the
Act, or (b) a major contributing industry
subject to Section 301 of th-B Act. The noti-
fication in (a) & (b) above 3-hall include the
infomacior. described in Section IV of EPA
Form 7550-22;
3. Notification of any, substantial change in
volume or character of pollutants discharged
by an existing source. Such notice shall
include-th-e isrformation described in Sec-
tion IV of LPA Form 7550-22 and the antici-
pated impact, if any, on the quality or
quantity of effluent discharged from the
permittee's facilities.
After receipt and review of such information, the
Regional Administrator may rovisa or modify the
conditions of this pernit, including any necessary
effluent limitations for any pollutants not iden-
tified and limited herein.
b. Control of Industrial Pollutants
1. The pormi tl-oo shall r<."juii:<.> all incliir;LriK-f ;uul 307 of tlv> Act. All
exirl. Ir.ci major ironl ribul.i IKJ i MI!;IJ I r n*a
pl).j 1 1 l)i.% i'-.' i»i i n-fi to ffMiijily \-:itli pri'-t coa t-
r.u.-iit. r;l .ii-i'.-,:\:.; fuj- :»ri;hibi ' i:J Wtist iv, and
inco:;vtitiL IP li i.ol 1 in ;pil:. viithit^ the- s.l-.ort-
OKt ro.i!;o'Vi:>J'.- Lir.;o b-.il- not 1,-itof than three
-------
I' alT J I f
106
Page 16 "f 19
Permit Mo. NV002C150.
years fron the date of their promulgate on.
New industrial sources shall be required to
compiv v:f.n yre treatment standards pronul-
gatod* pursvant to Section 307 (c) of the Act
uucn initiation of 'heir discharge to the
permittee's facilities.
2. The permittee shall within 12 months of the
effective d.:\t:e of this permit, submit to the
Regional Administrator for eac.i major contrib-
uting indus r.ry either (a) evidence of compli-
ance "with pretrcit.-n9:it standards pronmi.qat'.ad
pursuant to Sec-i-"i 307 (b) of the Act, or
0>: a report, OP a forr, to be Eurnisheci by
tho /idninistr-i'-or which shall set forth. the
effiuen1- ".iriitb -.o be achieved and a sch
of co-r-rjl'.cjrc-i for trie achievement oi the
3ir.u*.s" ':;y L:in required date. ouch comvl
schedules snail in every case orovide for the
initiation, of any needed construction ol
pretrea«:^>ent facilities within -'i.8 months of
the dace of promulgation of applicable
pre treatment standards.
c. Compliance l-'.oni toring
1. The pcrr.it tee shall monitor the compliance of
all affected-sources with the provisions of
this condition ana shall submiz quarterly
reports on the status of such compliance tc
the Reuional Administrator. Thes^ quarter'.'/
corapliancc reporra shall cover t.hc sar.v. pf.ciods
and shall be subr.it ted on the .same schn'lalc is
the monitoring reports require-: by vop-'iiti.
I.C. 2 of' t.his -.icrnit. be.ginnincj one y«ar at
the effective date of this perni*..
2. The permittee nhall report quarterly to the-
Rccjionol Ada-: nis- r-itoi' each ir.sl-aj.c--' of cnn
pJianco ;jr no-i-con-.r-ii-ince by a:-. .iLi"<:cr.c-d
source v-ith the provisions of c-otp:»lia:u;t:
schedules i-u:-.v.Lt.:.?f: -:u rctiuiroc: by &uh-
paragrctph b. of «:!iis condition.
3. Tin: VMStoyal.-.'i f'o-: of each aficcfi'Tl
that i« :^.cl covcrff! ;jy -i c-irront coiri;.- '. \ ai:c'-
Kcheciul- :ih.::L h.: ,.i::ii tore-: l--y t-'ifc jifi sr.-. t1 o
or uL i.'.ic- liirc-cLi.;.*. of the noir.ii LLuc , l-y
-------
III
107
Pacje 17 of 19
Permit Mo. NV0020150
the source, or by both, in such a manner
and frequency so as to produce information
that will demonstrate to the satisfaction of
the Regional Adninistrator compliance or non-
compliance with the pretreatment standards
applicable to such source. Such monitoring
shall comply with Parts 1, 3, 4r 5, 6, 7, and
8 of Condition I.e. The results of such moni-
torinc shall be reported by the permittee on
the Discharge Mor.itonnc Report Form and. shall
be included in the quarterly compliance report
described in 1. above.
d. Definitions
1. An "industry" means any facility identified in
the Suar-.da::d Industrial Classification Manual,
1972, Office of Man ac or.cn t and Budget, as
amended and supplemented, under the following
divisions:
(a) Division A - Agriculture, Forestry,
and Fishing;
(b) Division B - Mining;
(c) Division D - Manufacturing;
(d) Division E -"Transportation, Communica-
tions, Electric, GdS, and Sanitary
Services;
(e) Division I - Services.
i
«
A facility in the Divisions listed may be
excluded if it is determined by the Regional
Administrator that it introduces primarily
domestic wastes or wastes from sanitary con-
veniences .
2 A "mu-jor contributing industry" moans one
that:" (1) has a flov; oC 50,000 cjalions or
roo-'-c per avcra^fr work dciy; (2) has a flow
greater ihiin five percent of tho f lev curried
by the nu:iicip«i system reccivi:'.'] the waste;
(3) has in i'.is v;ar,t-j n toxic pollutant in
toxic ;i!i.:r:-it-s --s c]'.:.firjod in sUindaros issued
uncler So ~L j f.:\ id": (n) o r tho Act; or ('.) 1 s
found by I ho Ho.jioiuil Adr.-.i r.isLrotor to have
icunt in^acl, cither singly or in
-------
V, KT III
108
Page 18 of ig
Permit Mo. NV0020150
combination v;ith other contributing industries,
on the treatment works or the quality of its
effluent.
3. A "treatment works" means any facility, method
or system for the storage, treatment, recy-
cling, or reclamation of municipal sewage or
industrial wastes of a liquid nature, includ-
ing waste in cosnbined storm water and sanitary
sewer systems.
4 "Prohibited wastes" means any of the following
wastes, which shall not be introduced into the
treatment works:
(a) y:astes which create a fi::c or explosion
hasard in the treatment works;
(b) V.Tastcs which will cause Corrosive struc-
tural damage to treatment works, but in
no case wastes with" a pH 'lower than 5.0
unless the works is designed to accon-jr.o-
date such wastes;
(c) Solid or viscous wastes in amounts which
would cause obstruction to the flow in
sewers, or other interference with the
proper- operation of the treatment works;
or
(d) Wastes at a flow rate and/or pollutant
discharge rate which is excessive over
relatively short time periods so that
there is a treatment process upset and
subsequent loss of treatment efficiency.
5. An "incompatible pollutant" msans any pollu-
tant which is not a compatible pollutant.
6. A "compatible pollutant" means biochemical
oxyor.n der,us:i:i, suspended solids, pll and feca-
co]ifoL-m bacteria, plus additional pollutants
identified as compatible in this permit if
the trcatmonL i;oukr- wjs designed to treat
such uonutantu, and in fact doer, remove such
pollutants to a substcmLial dcjroo.
-------
PART III
109
Page 19 of 19
Permit l!o. NV0020150
Part III.A. Reapplication
If the permittee desires to continue to discharge, he
shall reapply not later than 180 days before this per-
mit expires, on the application forns then in use.
-------
APPENDIX B
NEIC CHAIN OF CUSTODY PROCEDURES
-------
113
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
CHAIN OF CUSTODY PROCEDURES
June 1, 1975
GENERAL
The evidence gathering portion of a survey should be characterized by the minimum
number of samples required to give a fair representation of the effluent or water body
from which taken. To the extent possible, the quantity of saniples and sample loca-
tions will be determined prior to tne survey.
Chain of Custody procedures must be follov/ed to maintain the documentation necessary
to trace sample possession from the time taken until the evidence is introduced into
court. A sample is in your "custody" if:
1. It is in your actual physical possession, or
2. It is in your view, after being in your physical possession, or
3. It was in your physical possession and then you locked it up in a manner so
that no one could tamper with it.
All survey participants will receive a copy of the survey study plan and will be
knowledgeable of its contents prior to the survey. A pre-survey briefing will be hslc
to re-appraise all participants of the survey objectives, sample locations and Chain
of Custody procedures. After all Chain of Custody sanoles are collected, a de-briefing
will be held in the field to determine adherence to Chain of Custody procedures and
whether additional evidence type samples are required.
SAMPLE COLLECTION
1. To the maximum extent achievable, as few people as possible should handle
the sample.
2. Stream and effluent samples shall be obtained, using standard field sampling
techniques.
3. Sample-tags (Exhibit I) shall be securely attached to the sample container
at the time the complete sample is collected and shall contain, at a minimum,
the following infornation: station number, station location, data taken,
time taken, type of sample, sequence nun,ber (first sample of the day -
sequence No. 1, second sample - sequence No. 2, etc.), analyses required ar.d
samplers. The tags must be legibly filled out in ballpoint (waterproof ink).
4. Blank samples shall also be taken with preservatives which will be analyzed
by the laboratory to exclude the possibility of container or preservative
contamination.
5. A pre-printed, bound Field Data Record logbook shall be maintained to re-
cord field measurements and other pertinent information necessary to refresh
the sampler's memory in the event he later takes the stand to testify re-
garding his actions during the evidence gathering activity. A separate
set of field notebooks shall be maintained for each survey and stored in a
safe place where they could be protected and accounted for at all times.
Standard formats (Exhibits II and III) have been established to minimize
field entries and include the date, time, survey, type of samples taken,
volume of each sample, type of analysis, sample numbers, preservatives,
sample location and field measurements such as temperature, conductivity,
-------
114
DO, pH, flow and any other pertinent information or observations. The
entries shall be signed by the field sampler. The preparation and conser-
vation of the field logbooks during the survey will be the responsibility
of the survey coordinator. Once the survey is complete, field logs will be
retained by the survey coordinator, or his designated representative, as a
part of the permanent record.
6. The field sampler is responsible for the care and custody of the samples
collected until properly dispatched to the receiving laboratory or turned
over to an assigned custodian. He must assure that each container is in his
physical possession or in his view at all times, or locked in such a place
and manner that no one can tamper with it.
7. Colored slides or photographs should be taken which would visually show the
outfall sample location and any water pollution to substantiate any con-
clusions of the investigation. Written documentation on the back of the
photo should include the signature of the photographer, time, date and site
location. Photographs of this nature, which may be used as evidence, shall
be handled recognizing Chain of Custody procedures to prevent alteration.
TRANSFER OF CUSTODY AHD SHIPMENT
1. Samples will be accompanied by a Chain of Custody Record which includes the
name of the survey, samplers' signatures, station number, station location,
date, time, type of sample, sequence number, number of containers and analy-
ses required (Fig. IV). When turning over the possession of samples, the
transferor and transferee will sign, date and time the sheet. This record
sheet allows transfer of custody of a group of samples in the field, to the
mobile laboratory or when samples are dispatched to the HEIC - Denver labora-
tory. When transferring a portion of the samples identified on the sheet to
the field mobile laboratory, the individual samples must be noted in the
column with the signature of the person relinquishing the samples. The field
laboratory person receiving the samples will acknowledge receipt by signing
In the appropriate column.
2. The field custodian or field sampler, if a custodian has not been assigned,
will have the responsibility of properly packaging and dispatching samples
to the proper laboratory for analysis. The "Dispatch" portion of the "Chain
of Custody Record shall be properly filled out, dated, and signed.
3. Samples will be properly packed in shipment containers such as ice chests, to
avoid breakage. The shipping containers will be padlocked for shipment to
the receiving laboratory.
4. All packages will be accompanied by the Chain of Custody Record showing iden-
tification of the contents. The original will accompany the shipment, and a
copy will be retained by the survey coordinator.
5. If sent by mail, register the package with return receipt requested. If sent
by common carrier, a Government Bill of Lading should be obtained. Receipts
from post offices, and bills of lading will be retained as part of the perma-
nent Chain of Custody documentation.
6. If samples are delivered to the laboratory when appropriate personnel are not
there to receive them, the samples must be locked in a designated area within
the laboratory in a manner so that no one can tamper with them. The same per-
son must then return to the laboratory and unlock the samples and deliver
custody to the appropriate custodian.
-------
115
LABORATORY CUSTODY PROCEDURES
storage security area." This should be a clean, dry, elated room -
which can be securely locked from the outside.
2. All samples should be handled by the minimum possible number of persons.
3 All incoming samples shall be received only by the custodian, who will in-
dicatc receipt by signing the Cham of Custody Sheet accompanying the samoles
and retaining the sheet as permanent records. Couners picking up samples at
tte a?rnlrl"gpost office, etc. shall sign jointly with the laboratory custodian,
4 Immediately upon receipt, the custodian will place the sample in the sample
room which will be locked at all times except when samples are removed or
Seed by the custodian. To the maximum extent possible, only the custo-
dian should be permitted in the sample room.
5 The custodian shall ensure that heat-sensitive or light-sensitive samples,
or other sample materials having unusual physncal characteristics, or re-
quiring special handling, are properly stored and maintained.
6. Only the custodian will distribute samples to personnel who are to perform
tests.
7 The analyst will record in his laboratory notebook or analytical worksheet,
identifying information describing the sample, the procedures oerforMd
and the results of tne testing. The notes shall be dated and indicate wno
performed the tests. The notes shall be retained as a permanent record in
the laboratory and should note any abnormal ties which occurred during the
testing procedure. In the event that the person who performed the tests is
not available as a witness at time of trial, the government may be able to
introduce the notes in evidence under the Federal Business Records Act.
8 Standard methods of laboratory analyses shall be used as described in the
"Guidelines Establishing Test Procedures for Analysis of Pollutants,
38 F.R. 28758, October 16, 1973. If laboratory personnel deviate from
standard procedures, they should be prepared to justify their decision dur-
ing cross-examination.
9 Laboratory personnel are responsible for the care and custody of the sample
once it is handed over to them and should be prepared to testify that the
sample was in their possession and view or secured in the laboratory at all
times from the moment it was received from the custodian until the tests
were run.
10. Once the sample testing is completed, the unused portion of the sample to-
gether with all identifying tags and laboratory records, should be returned
to the custodian. The returned tagged sample will be retained in the sample
room until it is required for trial. Strip charts and other documentation
of work will also be turned over to the custodian.
11. Samples, tags and laboratory records of tests may be destroyed only upon the
order of the laboratory director, who will first confer with the Chief,
Enforcement Specialist Office, to make certain that the information is no
longer required or the samples have deteriorated.
-------
116
EXHIBIT I
EPA, NATIONAL
Sj Station No.
ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
i Dale | Timo Sequence No.
g Station Location
"^ BOD
YI
)' SsSi
con
Mulrienlc
Molalf
Oil cr.H Grcaso
DO
, Barf.
,^ OiKor,
Samplers:
Sv
firnk
romp
Romarb/Prosorvalivo:
Front
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF ENFORCEA/iENT
NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
BUILDING 53, BOX 25227, DENVER FEDERAL CENTER
DENVER, COLORADO 80225
Back
-------
EXHIBTT'II
SURVEY, PHASE.
DATE
: OF SAMPLE.
'ANALYSES REQUIRED
MION
IW3ER
STATION DESCRIPTION
TOTAL VOLUME ' |
TYPE CONTAINER
PRESERVATIVE '
%
NUTRIENTS
Q
O
CO
Q
0
U
U
O
>
1 TOTAL SOLIDS |
| SUSPENDED SOLIDS
>-
~*
<
u.
<
O
a
z
a
!
>
-}.
o
u
UJ
IX
3
"<
L^J
O
^
UJ
r
| TOTAL COll FORM
FLG'.L COLIFORM
>-
Q
u:
ra
*
UJ
en
<
iu
ce.
O
O
<
6
S1V1JVY
G
<
C3
UJ
""l
^
v/>
UJ
o_
^2
dj
k*J
1
IJV.Cr. OKGANICS I
O
JL_
-------
EXHIBIT III
Sampler*: __J_
09
FIELD DATA RECORD
STAT10M
NUMBER
'
DATE
TIME
TEMPERATURE
c
CONDUCTIVITY
fj. mhos/cm
pH
S.U..
D.O.
mg/J
Gcgc Ht.
or Flow
Ff. or CFS
"
-------
' . JUl I 1 *
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office Of Enforcement
NATIONAL ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATIONS CENTER
Building 53. Box 2522X, Dorwer Federal Center
Denver, Colorado 60225
CHAIN OF CUSTODY RECORD
119
SURVEY
STATION
NUMBER
STATION LOCATION
.
DATE
* *
lelmquished by: (s.3natuie)
lelinquished by: {Signature;
Iclinquishcd by: (S,gnoiurt)
Relinquished by: is^noiuie)
>ispaklicd by: (S.gno/urej
Dole/
TIME
-
SAMPLERS: (s>gnoiu,«}
SAMPIE IYPE
Woler
Comp
Grab
Air
SEO
NO
NO OF
CONIAINERS
ANALYSIS
REQUIRED
"
Received by: fs.gnoiure;
Received by: (s,gnon,ic)
Received by: (S.gnaiutr)
Received by Mobile Laboratory for field
analysis: (s.gnoiu/t;
Time
RcccivcrJ for Laboratory by:
/iclhod of Shipment:
Dale/Time
Dale/Time
Dale/Time
Date/Time
Dale/Time
Distribution: Orig. Accompany Sliipmcnl
-------
APPENDIX C
METHODS, ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES AND QUALITY CONTROL
-------
123
BACTERIOLOGICAL
Bacteriological analyses of fecal coliform bacteria were performed
according to standard procedures using the Most Probable Number tech-
*
nique. Using acsptic techniques, all samples were collected in sterile
bottles prepared by the accepted procedure.
Salmonella sampling involved placement of sterile gauze pads at the
sampling sites for 3-day periods. The pads were retrieved aseptically,
placed in sterile plastic bags, chilled, and transported to the labora-
tory within one hour for analyses. There is no standard procedure for
detection of Salmonella in surface waters. The method employed by NEIC
**
is the elevated temperature technique of Spino, with modifications.
Selective enrichment media consisted of dulcitol-selenite broth. Incu-
bation temperature was 41.5°C (107°F). On each of four successive days,
growth in each of the enrichment media containing the pads was streaked
onto selective plating media that consisted of xylose-lysine-deoxychlolate
agar. After 24 hours incubation at 35°C, colonies with characteristics
typical of Salmonella were picked from the plates and subjected to
biochemical and serological identification.
BIOASSAY
All 96-hour bioassays were performed according to standardized
methods. A continuous-flow proportional diluter provided a series
of six effluent concentrations plus a 100% dilution water control.
* Rand, M. et al.3 1975. Standard Methods for- Examination of Water
and Vasteuater, 14th Ed. 3 Amer. Public Health Assn.3 New York, N. Y.
** Spino, D. F. July, 1966. Elevated Temperature Technique for the
Isolation of Salmonella from Streams. Applied Microbiology, 14, 4;
American Society for Microbiology.
-------
124
Dilution water was obtained from the Truckee River 2.9 km (1.8
mi.) upstream from the Reno-Sparks WPCP. Effluent water was siphoned
directly from the plant source, flowed continuously through 120 liter
stainless steel reservoirs and then pumped directly into the diluter
system. A continuous flow was maintained to reduce the possibility of
toxicant loss between the effluent discharge and the diluter system.
Test chambers were immersed in a constant temperature water bath
to minimize temperature variation throughout the 96-hour test. Water
flow through the system provided a minimum of nine volumetric turn-
overs for each test chamber for a 24-hour period.
Each test chamber was monitored daily for pH, temperature, and
dissolved oxygen. Temperature variation of the test water was main-
tained at +_ 1°C for the 96-hour duration of the bioassays. Dissolved
oxygen levels ranged from 5.0 to 10.5 mg/1 and were never below 60% of
saturation. In addition, chlorinated effluent was monitored for tem-
perature, dissolved oxygen, and pH at 30-minute intervals using a re-
cording instrument.
Bioassays were conducted for 96 hours and mortalities were recorded
at 24-hour intervals. EC5Q values were estimated by using a straight
line graphical interpolation method.
BENTHOS
Benthic macroinvertebrates were quantitatively sampled, using a
Peterson dredge or Surber sampler at one to three sites (cross-stream
transects) per station. In addition, qualitative samples were taken
at each location by sampling available habitats, including the screening
of sediments and manual removal of organisms from beneath submerged
rocks, logs and debris. In the laboratory, the 70% alcohol-preserved
-------
125
samples were separated from the debris, identified and counted. Results
of quantitative sampling were expressed as numbers of organisms per
square meter of stream bed.
ALGAL GROWTH POTENTIAL
Algal growth potential (AGP) tests were performed as outlined in
Algal Assay Procedure-Bottle Test, August, 1971. Water samples from
the Reno-Sparks WPCP effluent and the Truckee River were used for AGP
tests and related nutrient analyses. Samples for AGP tests were auto-
claved to kill indigenous algae. An inoculum of the green alga
Selenastrwn capricornutum (standard test organisms) was added to each
test container. Receiving water was collected from the Truckee River
near Kimlick Lane (Station 0200). Effluent from the Reno-Sparks WPCP
was treated to remove phosphorus and duplicate serial additions of
treated and untreated effluent were made to receiving water. Nitrogen
and phosphorus additions were also made to receiving water. Standard
test conditions (volume, light, temperature, shaking, incubation period)
remained constant in each test. Algal growth was measured by -in vivo
fluorescence, and gravimetrically. Tests were performed in situ and in
the laboratory. In situ tests were conducted using one-liter plastic
containers in the river under ambient light and temperature conditions.
Laboratory tests were done using 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks under 24-hour
light and constant temperature conditions.
Phosphorus removal was attempted on Reno-Sparks WPCP effluent
samples. Phosphorus was precipitated by adding hydrated lime (400 mg/1
* Environmental Protection Agency, Algal Assay Procedure-Bottle Test*
Pacific Northwest Water Laboratory^ Corvallis, Ore., 1971, 82 p.
-------
126
Ca(OH)2) to the sample and shaking it vigorously for two minutes. The
effluent was allowed to settle and the supernatant was drawn off.
Nutrient analyses were performed at NEIC.
PERIPHYTON
Attached algal growths were sampled using artificial substrates,
1 x 3-in. glass microscope slides. The substrate assemblies consisted
of floating wooden racks that exposed the slides horizontally under 2 to
4 centimeters of water. After a 13-day exposure in the stream, two
slides from each substrate were placed in acetone, refrigerated, and
held in the dark for subsequent chlorophyll analyses. The other two
slides were placed in formalin to determine periphyton density and to
identify prevalent algal types.
In the laboratory, the slides preserved in acetone were scraped
and rinsed into the acetone solution. Periphytic chlorophyll a_ was
determined fluorometrically, as outlined in Standard Methods - 14th
Edition, 1975.*
Slides preserved in formalin were scraped and rinsed into the
formalin solution. Aliquots of the formalin solution were examined
microscopically to determine density and types of periphyton.
CHEMICAL
Samples collected during this survey were analyzed according to
* Rand, M. C.3 et at, Standard Methods for- the Examination of Water
and Wastewater, 14th ed., American Public Health Association, New
1975, 1193 p.
-------
procedures approved by EPA for the monitoring of industrial effluents.
The procedures used are listed in the following table.
127
Parameter
Method
Reference
BOD
IDS
TSS
DO
Serial Dilution, DO Probe, &
Winkler-Azide
Glass Fiber Filtration, 180°C
Glass Fiber Filtration, 103°C
to 105°C
Modified Winkler, with full
bottle
Chloride Mercuric Nitrate, low level
Total Residual
Chlorine lodometric Filtration
Total P
Ortho P
NH3-N
TKN
N02-N03
Automated ascorbic acid
reduction
Automated ascorbic acid
reduction
Automated Colorimetric
phenate
Automated phenate
Automated Cadmium reduction
EPA Methods for chemical
Analysis of Water and
Wastewater, 1974, page 11
IBID, page 266
IBID, page 268
IBID, page 51
IBID, page 29
IBID, page 35
IBID, page 256
IBID, page 256
IBID, page 168
IBID, page 182
IBID, page 207
Reliability of the analytical results was documented through an
active Analytical Quality Control Program. As part of this program,
replicate analyses were normally performed with every tenth sample to
ascertain the reproducibility of the results. In addition, where
appropriate, every tenth sample was spiked with an known amount of
* Federal Register, vol. 41, No. 232, Dec. 1, 1976.
-------
128
the constituents to be measured and reanalyzed to determine the per-
cent recovery. These results were evaluated in regard to past AQC
data on the precision, accuracy and detection limits of each test. On
the basis of these findings, all analytical results reported for the
survey were found to be acceptable with respect to the precision and
accuracy control of this laboratory.
-------
APPENDIX D
RENO-SPARKS WPCP SELF-MONITORING DATA
March-April, 1977
-------
RENO-SPARKS JOINT WATER POLLUTION CONTROL PLANT
PLANT MONITORING REPORT
Sheet 1 of 2
Monlh of
.19.
DAILY FLOW - MGO
SPARKS
STP.
TELEMETERED FLO'.1/
RENO
STP
S. REVO
IS'CPTfl
N RENO
I.'JCPTR
TOTAL
PLANT
INF.
WASTE
SLUDGE
INF
LESS
V/ASTE
SLUDGF.
PLANT
E:FF.
SUSPENDCO SOLIDS
mg/L
INF.
EFF.
KG/DAY
REM
BOO 9
mg/L
INF.
EFF.
KG/DAY
REM
SETTLEA8LE
SOLIDS
ITQ/L
INF.
CFF.
REM
DISSOLVED
OXYGEN
rrg/L
L'JF.
EFF
PH
INF
EFr
COLIFORJ.
FECAL
Ho/W
ml
LCC
TEMPERATURE
F
INF
AIR
HI
10
RAIN
IN.
I'J.X'JO
e> /*
7J"
/; 2?
J£L
o.£.
7?
Jl.-V
/7'/V
7*
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0.2
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>> no
ft S:
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110
./'/
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