THE SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD:
MAKING PROGRESS
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE STAFF DIRECTOR
OF THE SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD
FOR FISCAL YEAR 1991
DISCLAIMER
This report is an SAB Staff summary of activities of the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency's Science Advisory Board for Fiscal Year 1991, with projections
for Fiscal Year 1992.
The report has not been formally reviewed by the Board or the Agency and
should not be construed as representing the views of either organization.
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ABSTRACT
This sixth Annual Report of the Staff Director of the Science Advisory
Board (SAB) provides background information on the Board: its origins, authori-
ties, and function. The roster of the SAB's Members and Consultants, meetings of
SAB committees, and abstracts of the reports submitted to the Administrator
during FY 91 are included in the report.
A number of the Board's activities are highlighted for special attention,
including the review of the effects of electromagnetic fields by the Radiation
Advisory Committee, a review of environmental tobacco smoke effects by the
Indoor Air and Total Human Exposure Committee, and a joint examination of
wetlands issue^ by the Ecological Processes and Effects and Environmental
Engineering Committees. The Board's continued focus on the Agency's followup
and implementation of the Reducing Risk report are also described.
The emphasis given to "making progress" during FY 91 has included major
improvements in the level of computer capability in the Staff Office, including the
installation of a Local Area Network (LAN) Unking SAB staff at both the
Waterside Mall and Fairchild Building locations, the acquisition of an optical
scanning system, and the provision of a computer for every staff member.
FY 92 should see a continuation of the trend toward making progress and
working more effectively with both the Agency and with the public. This will
result, in part, from continued implementation of the recommendations of previous
management and "self1 studies, as well as the adoption and implementation of the
concepts embodied in "Total Quality Management (TQM)" as all SAB staff receive
formal TQM training. All of these efforts will stand the SAB in good stead as it
confronts a growing number of requests for advice/review on increasingly complex
and contentious issues in protecting public health and the environment.
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FOREWORD
As noted in the titles of past two annual reports of the SAB Staff Director,
the Board has been “ mRking a difference” and “working smarter”. I am pleased to
report that this year we are “ maldng progress.”
For example, the issuance of the Reducing Risk report, in September, 1990,
set the stage for an intensive year of implementation and follow-up within the
Agency. Administrator Reilly and Deputy Adniinigtrator Habicht have been
enthusiastic recipients of the report, featuring it in speeches to audiences outside
of EPA and implementing it through initiatives inside the Agency. SAB members
and Staff have made dozens of presentations to various audiences across the
country. The Chair of the Executive Committee, Dr. Loehr, joined Mr. Reilly as
sole witnesses in a bearing before the U.S. Senate delving into the concepts
developed in the report. With 20,000 printed copies of the report in distribution,
Reducing Risk is certainly the SAB’s “best seller” and continues to attract atten-
tion at the Federal, State, and local levels.
In terms of impact, however, Reducing Risk must share the spotlight with
several of the Board’s other efforts this year. In this issue of the Annual Report,
the reader will find descriptions of highly publicized reviews (e.g., risk assessment
of environmental tobacco smoke and electromagnetic fields) and reviews (e.g., the
Office of Research and Development’s innovative Environmental Monitoring and
Assessment Program (EMAP) activities, and several aspects of the Office of Air
and Radjation’B indoor air radon program) that—while receiving less public
attention—could have a substantial impact on public health and environmental
protection in this country and beyond.
And yet, it must be recognized that each of the more than three dozen topics
attracting attention from the Board this past year was selected from a list of more
than 150 requests for SAB review. Therefore, the Board and the Staff are
working closely with the Agency to insure that that one-out-of-four-requests
selected will make a truly significant contribution to assuring that EPA conducts
its business on the basis of sound scientific principles.
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This Annual Report also contains important information about the history
of the Board, its mode of operation, its personnel, abstracts of its FY 91 reports, a
summary of FY 91 highlights, and projections for FY 92. Our goal is to demon-
strate that the SAB is m icing progress today and setting the stage for further
advances tomorrow.
Donald G. Barnes, Ph.D.
Staff Director
Science Advisory Board
December, 1991
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THE SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD:
MAKING PROGRLSS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. EXECUTIVE SU fAR! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
11 IntroductiontotheReport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Introduction to the Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.3 Review of FT 91 Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.4 Projections and Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2. INTRODUCTIONTOT1 REPORT .. •1••I•• .......... . . 6
2.1 Purpose of theReport . . . . . . . . •....... . . . . 6
2.2 Content of the Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3. INTRODUCTION TO T BOARD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.1 SAB Formation, Authority and Function . . . . . . 8
3.2 SAB Organization and Membership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.3 SAB Activities . . . 13
3.3.1 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.3.2 Criteria for activities . 16
3.3.3 Impacts of activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.3.4 Responses and reactions to SAB activities . . . . . . 18
3.4 Examples of the SAB’s Making Progress . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.4.1 Implementing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.4.2 Risk-based Strategy for Wetlands Research . . . . . . 20
3.4.3 Electromagnetic Fields and Cancer 21
4. REVIEWOFFT91ACTIVITIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.1 Introduction . . . . 23
4.2 Overview of S Q Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.2.1 Executive Co ittee (EC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.2.2 Clean Air Scientific Advisory Coimnittee (CASAC) . . . 24
4.2.3 Drinking Water Co ittee (DWC) . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.2.4 Ecological Processes and Effects Coittee (EPEC) . . 25
4.2.5 Environmental Engineering Coittee (EEC) . . . . . . 25
4.2.6 Environmental Health Cosittee (EEC) . . . . . . . 26
4.2.7 Indoor Air Quality/Total Hlnftnfl Exposure Committee
(IAQC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
4.2.8 Radiation Advisory Co nittee (RAC) . . . . . . . . . . 27
4.2.9 Research Strategies Advisory Co nittee (MAC) . . . . 28
4.2.10 Other Committees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
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4.2.8 Radiation Advisory Committee (RAC) . 27
4.2.9 Research Strategies Advisory Coniinittee (BSAC) .. 28
4.2.10 C)ther Coirrrrdttees . . . . 28
4.3 Making Progress in the SAB Staff Office 29
4.3.1 Computer Systems 29
4.3.2 TotalQualityManagement(TQM) . 30
4.3.3 StaifRetreat 30
4.3.4 Rotational Opportunities 30
4.3.5 Personnel Changes . . . . . . 31
4.3.6 Administrative/Operationalchanges ...... .... 31
4.4 SA.B Staff in !I’ransition . . . . . . . . 31
5. CONCLUSIONS AND PROJECTIONS... 34
FIGURES
1.SABCommitteeStructureforFY9l . 10
TABLF S
I. SABLeadershipDuruigPastTwoDecades .......... ...... 12
II. F’Y 91 S AIB Coininittee Chairs . . . . . . . 13
Ill. SAB Activities and Resources: 1981.1991 15
W. SAB Expenses for Fiscal Years 1988 -91. 15
V. SAB Activities by Committee: FY 88.91 . 16
APPENDICES
A. Charters of the Science Advisory Board and the Clean Air Scientific
Advisory Committee
B. Organizational Chart of the SAB in FY91
C. Staff Support and Committee Leadership in FY91
D. Guidelines for SAB membership adopted in FY91
E. SAB Members and Consultants in FY91
F. SAB ComTnittee Meetings in FY91
G. Abstracts of SAB Reports in FY91
H. Biographical Sketches of SAB Staff
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1. EXI CUTIVE SUMMARY
Li Introduction to the Report
This purpose of this report is three-fold:
a. To provide a succinct introduction to the Science Advisory Board (SAB).
b. To provide a summary of the SAB activities for fiscal year (FY) 1991.
c. To offer a near-term projection of future SAB activities.
Section 2 is a brief introduction to the Report. Section 3 provides background
information on the SAB, its organization, history, membership, and procedures. It
includes specific eTamples of the way in which the SAB is making progress.
Section 4 Containfi the summaries of activities of each of the SAB Committees
during FY 91. nmp1ea of the ways that the SAB Staff Office is “n airing prog-
Teas” are included. Section 5 contains some projections for FY 92.
The Report also includes a number of specialized appendices: charters, organi-
zational charts, membership lists, lists of meetings, abstracts of F? 91 reports, and
information about the SAB Staft
12 Introduction to the Board
The purpose of the Board is to provide independent scientific and engineering
advice to the Administrator of EPA on scientific and engineering issues associated
with the work of the Agency (See charters in Appendix A). The SAB often
functions as a peer review panel, assessing the scientific rationales underlying
current or proposed Agency positions. In recent years, however, it has initiated a
number of activities on its own; e.g., the study of Agency’s scientific approaches to
lead and the study of leachability of hazardous wastes.
The SAB was formally chartered in 1978 by the Environmental Research,
Development, and Demonstration Authorization Act, although its roots extend back
tothebirthofEPAinl970andbeyond. TheBoardisaFederalAdvisory
Committee, complying with the Federal Advisory Committee Act, and is composed
of non-governmental scientists and engineers appointed by the EPA Administrator.
The rough’y 60 members of the Board (see Appendix E) are appointed by the
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Administrator and conduct their business through eight Committees, coordinated
through an Executive Committee (See the organizational chart in Appendix B and
a list of committee structures in Appendix C). The members of the Board are
some of the most qualified scientists and engineers in the country, as evidenced by
the credentials of the F? 91 Committee Chairs (See Table m. The work of the
Board is supported by a cadre of more than 250 consultants to the Board (see
Appendix E), who are also non-governmental scientists and engineers, appointed
by the SAB Staff Director. Scientists employed by the Federal Government who
have special skill or expertise in particular areas participate as LiR j on Members
on several Committees, as needed.
TheSABi s supportedbyaStaffOfficeof l6personsandanFY9 lbudgetof
some $1.7 m 11 ii n (See Tables II I and IV). These resources enabled the Board to
conduct 47 meetings and issue 16 full reports and six letter reports.
The SAB carries out projects at the request of the Agency, at the request of
Congress, and on its own volition. In recent years, the number of requests for
SAB action have been 8-5 times the number that the Board can address. There-
fore, the Board has adopted criteria for use in establishing priorities among the
various requests:
a. Impact on overall environmental protection
b. Address novel scientific problems or principles
C. Integrate science into Agency actions in new ways
d. Influence long-term technological development
e. Respond to emergencies
f. Deal with problems that transcend federal agency or other organizational
boundaries.
g. Strengthen the Agency’s basic capabilities
h. Serve Congressional and other leadership interests
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The reports produced by the SAB have a positiveimpact on many aspects of
the Agency’s operations and policies, to wit:
a. The rigor of the Agency’s technical positions
b. The specific areas to which the Agency allocates resources for scientific
and technical activities
c. The directions taken by emerging science policy
d. The directions taken by the Agency’s pknning
e. The directions and form of public debate of scientific and engineering
issues
Of particular note, in terms of the Boards’s mRking progress” and affecting
major aspects of EPA’s operations in FY 91, were reviews of
a. The Agency’s implementation of the Reducing Riak report.
b. The Board’s involvement in risk-based strate for wetlands research.
c. The Board’s review of the Agency’s risk assessment of the carcinogenic
effects of electromagnetic fields.
With all of these activities, attention and impacts, the Board has maintained
a broad base of support both within and outside the Agency. In particular, the
current Administrator and Deputy Administrator have been strong supporters of
the SAB.
LB Review of Fl 91 Activities
During FT 91 the eight SAB Conimittees conducted 46 public meetings and
one closed meeting, all of which were announced in the Federal Register. Addi-
tional meetings were held for punning , writing, and administrative purposes. A
wide variety of topics were covered: from health effects of specific chemicals (e.g.,
nitrates and perchloroethylene) to techniques for more general use (e.g., use of
computer models in hazardous waste and Superfund programs). Appendices F and
G contain a full listing of FT 91 SAB meetings and reports, including abstracts.
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In addition to its traditional activities of holding SAB meetings and producing
reports, FY 91 was unique in that the Board and the SAB Staff took steps to
develop ways of “ mRkThg progress” by rebuilding the infrastructure that enables
the Board to do its work. These including the following:
a. Continued implementation of the recommendations of the Mission and
Functioning report that was received in October, 1989.
Additional acquisitions, per the recommendations of the 1989 Manage-
ment and Organization report, of modem computers and related sys-
tems, including a Local Area Network (LAN), an image and character
scanning system, and laptop computers for use at meetings.
c. Continued the use of Annual Meetings of the SAB to involve Members in
determining the Board’s long-range view that provides direction for
the Staff.
d. Continued development of formal procedures for setting the agenda for
the SAB, involving many of the Board’s constituencies, including the
Executive Committee, the Administrator’s Office, the Assistant Ad-
ministrators, Regional Administrators, and the EPA program offices-
much of the activity coordinated through the SAB Consultative
Group.
f. Strengthened personnel structure that provides additional manage- ment
asssistance to the Board and the Staff; i.e., filling the positions of
Assistant Staff Director and Program Assistant.
g. Rotated Staff responsibilities to align better individual capabilities and the
existing workload.
1.4 Projections and Conclusions
FY 92 should be an exciting and busy time for the SAB. There will be several
activities associated with completing tasks started in FY 91, as well as a range of
on-going efforts related to the FY 90 Reducing Risk project.
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The FY 92 agenda-building exercise, although not yet completed, has surfaced
many important issues, some of which will generate considerable public interest;
e.g., reviews of health risk assessment guidelines for cancer and non-cancer effects,
review of the first stages of the Agency’s ecological risk assessment guidlines, and
review of the Agency’s reassessment of the risks posed by “dioxin.” In addition, as
i nthepast)FY92islike ytob r inganumberofimportanttopicsthatcannotbe
anticipated at this time.
The Board itself will undergo a significant restructuring in F? 92. The
fledging Environmental Economics Advisory Committee (EEAC)-requeated by the
Administrator in his response to the SAB’s Reducing Risk report—will become
operational, investigating a number of important issues of how economic analysis
is applied to environmental problems. In addition, the Clean Air Act Compliance
Analysis Council (see Section 812 of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990) is
likely to become a distinct entity under the administrative umbrella of’ the SAB in
a manner &inilnr to CASAC. The startup phases of both these groups are likely
to attract considerable attention from the Board, the Agency, the Congress, and
the public.
The Staff Office will join the Agency-wide movement to the employment of
Total Quality Management (TQM), starting with formal training for all members
of the staIt Careful analysis of the Office’s “customers” and “suppliers” and its
capability to meet the needs of the Board, the Agency, and the public for accurate,
timely, and effective advice on issues of health and environmental protection
should lead to additional improvments in our service to our constituents in the
future.
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2. ]NTRODUCTION TO THE REPORT
2.1 Purpose of the Report
The Science Advisory Board (SAB) is a legislatively mandated group of non-
governmental scientists, engineers, and economists, charged with providing
independent technical advice on environmental issues to the Administrator of the
US. Environmental Protection Agency and others; e.g., Congressional committees.
Generally, the MB does not get involved in or provide advice on regulatory policy
aspects of problems confronting the Agency, since such matters are the province
and responsibility of the EPA Administrator. Additional details of the objectives,
responsibilities, composition, and activities of the MB are included in the charter
of the organization (See Appendix A).
Informed observers acknowledge the SAB’s remarkable history and its
continuing importance in the protection of public health and the environment
However, some people both within and outside of the Agency are hard-pressed to
describe the extent of the Board’s activities or the detailed nature of its findings.
This is due, in part, to the complex structure ofthe Board and the aperiodic
issuingofitsreports. Toaome,theSABisviewedasahurdlewhichmustbe
cleared on the way to issuing regulations; much like having to defend one’s thesis
on the way to getting an advanced degree. To others, the SAB is seen as a court
of last resort in which competing scientific arguments are objectively and dispas-
sionatmly evaluated.
For some puzzled observers of the SAB, the biggest problem is simply finding
out “What does the MB do? A somewhat flippant, but accurate, answer to that
question is: “The MB m akes a difference.” For example, the MB makes a
difference in the type and conduct of scientific and engineering researèh at EPA.
The S / sB makes a difference in the way in which the resulting data are interpret-
ed and used to support regulatory positions. The MB also makes a difference to
MB members and consultants (M/Ca) and MB staff by giving them the satisfac-
lion of seeing their information and guidance used appropriately by the Agency to
address environmental problems.
This Report is intended to reveal the S / sB to a wide audience: to those inside
the Agency, to those outside the Agency, to those who understand the Board, to
those who think they understand the Board, and to those who know enough to
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know that they don’t understand the Board. The intent is that each reader gain a
broader perspective of the SAB, its activities, and its impact.
Specifically, the purpose of the Staff Director’s Annual Report is three-fold:
a. To provide a succinct introduction to the SAB.
b. To provide a summai y of the SAB activities for fiscal year 1991.
c. To offer a near-term projection of future SAB activities.
In short, the Report is designed to provide “a group photograph” of the
SAB—its people, its products, and its prospects—in sufficient detail that the
interested reader can distinguish the n*jor features and identify paths for investi-
gating the finer details.
2.2 Content of the Report
The Report consists of five principle sections, plus appendices which supple-
ment the discussion in the main sections. Following the Executive Summary
(Section 1) and this Introduction (Section 2), Section 3 provides basic background
information on the SAB. Here the reader will find brief discussions on the history
of the Board, its organization and membership, and its principal activities and
procedures. Specific mplea are described that illustrate the way in which the
SAB impacts positively on the functions and operations of the Agency.
Section 4 focuses on SAB activities during FT 91. This portion of the Report
contains descriptions of the activities of each of the Board’s Committees during
the past year. Specific mp1ea are given of the way in which FT 91 was a year
of “ making progress.” In addition, changes in the SAB Staff and operations of the
Office are highlighted.
Section 5 provides a glimpse into what FT 92 holds in store for the Board.
Significant topics have already been identified, and some reviews planned; addi-
tional issues will arise during the course of the year.
The Appendices contain important information, such as organiz*tional charts,
membership lists, abstracts of reports, and the like. They provide a source of
more detailed information about specific aspects of the SAB.
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3. INTRODUCTION TO THE BOARD
3.1 SAB Formation, Authority and Function
The Science Advisory Board (SAB) was established by Congress to provide
independent scientific and engineering advice to the Administrator of the Environ-
mental Protection Agency (EPA) on the technical basis for EPA regulations.
Expressed in terms of the current parlance of the risk aaseaamentlriak manage-
ment paradigm of decision mi’king (National Research Council, Managing Risk in
the Federal Government, 1983), the SAB deals with risk assessment (hazard
identification, dose- response assessment, exposure assessment and risk character-
ization) and only that portion of risk management that deals strictly with the
technical issues associated with various control options. Issues of Agency and
Administration policy are generally beyond the scope of SAB mandate and involve-
ment.
The SAB, in its present form, was established in 1978 by the Environmental
Research, Development, and Demonstration Authorization Act (ERDDAA) (42
U.S.C. 4365). Predecessor bodies date back to the early 1970a. In carrying out
the mn,,d&te of ERDDAA, the SAB provides “such scientific advice as may be
requested by the Administrator, the Committee on Environment and Public Works
of the United States Senate, or the Committees on Science and Technolo r,
Interstate and Foreign Commerce, or Public Works and Transportation of the
House of Representative?. Because the Science Advisory Board is a Federal
Advisory Committee, it must comply with the Federal Advisory Committee Act
(FACA) (5 U.S.C. App. C) and related regulations. Consequently, the Board has
an approved charter, which must be renewed biRnnually, announces its meetings ID
the Federal Register, and provides opportunities for public comment on issues
before the Board.
As a practical matter, the function of providing credible technical advice to
EPA and Congress antedates ERDDAA and its nascent SAB. The roots of the
SAB can be traced back through various predecessor commifteea within EPA
and-prior to the creation of EPA—into other agencies, such as the Department of
Health, Education and Welfare. Since 1978, however, the SAB has operated as a
Staff Office, reporting directly to the Administrator.
Members of and consultants to the Board constitute a distinguished body of
engineers and scientists who are recognized, non-governmental experts in their
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respective fields. These Individuals are drawn from academia, industry, and
environmental communities throughout the United States and, in some limited
cases, other countries.
Increasingly, the Agency has placed a premium on basing its regulations on a
solid technical foundation. Therefore, during the past 13 years the SAB has
assumed growing importance and stature. it has become formal practice that
many major scientific points associated with environmental problems are reviewed
by the SAB. For example, the Clean Air Act (CAA) requires that decisions related
to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) be reviewed by the Clean
Air Scientific Advisory Committee (CASAC), which is administratively housed
within the SAB.
Also, mrnly of the standards being proposed under the Safe Drinking Water
Act are brought to the Board for review. In addition, reviews of a more Cr088-
media nature, such as the reassessment of carcinogenic potency of 2,3,7,8-TCDD
(“dioxin”), and of Agencywide scientific approaches to assessing the significance of
lead pollution, are becoming more common.
Generally, the Board functions as a scientific and engineering peer review
panel. The SAB conducts its business in public view and benefits from public
input during its deliberations. Through these proceedings Agency positions are
subjected to critical ewnination by leading experts in the field in order to test the
currency and technical merit of those positions. At the same time, the SAB
recognizes that EPA is sometimes forced to take action to avert an emerging
environmental risk before all of the rigors of scientific proof are inst. To delay
action until the evidence amounts to incontrovertible proof might court irreversible
ecological and health consequences. in such cases, the Agency makes certain
assumptions and extrapolations from what is known in order to reach a rational
science policy position regarding the need (or lack thereof) for regulatory action.
Here, the SAB serves as a council of peers to evaluate the soundness of the
technical basis of the science policy position adopted by the Agency.
3.2 SAB Organization and Membership
The SAB Charter (Appendix A) states that ‘The objective of the Board is to
provide advice to EPA’s Administrator on the scientific and technical aspects of
environmental problems and issues,” that “The Board will consist of a body of
independent scientists and engineers of sufficient size and diversity to provide the
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range of expertise required to assess the scientific and technical aspects of
environmental issues,” and that “No member of the Board shall be a full-time
employee of the Federal Government.” The Charter requires formation of an
Executive Committee and inclusion of the Clean Air Scientific Adviao2y Committee
(see separate charter, also in Appendix A). Otherwise the Board may organize
itself as needed to meet its responsibilities.
The Board’s Executive Committee serves as the focal point for the coordination
of scientific reviews by the Board’s standing committees. Appendix B contains a
chart of the FY 91 SAB organization, which appears in Figure I with long-stand-
ing subcommittees displayed. The Executive Committee meets four times a year to
act on Agency requests for reviews, hear briefings on pertinent issues, initiate
actions/reviews by the Board which it feels are appropriate, and approve final
reports prior to transmittal to the AdmilliRtrator. (Reports from CASAC are
submitted directly to the Administrator, without need for prior Executive Commit-
tee approval.)
FIGURE 1 SAB Committee Structure
F ___ I ___
I 1A0d1I II1 c 1I c I
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Five Committees have historically conducted most Science Advisory Board
reviews:
• Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee (CASAC)
• Ecological Processes and Effects Committee (EPEC)
• Enviorninental Engineering Committee (EEC)
• Environmental Health Committee (EHC)
• Radiation Advisory Committee (RAC)
in recent years three additional coxrmittees have been added:
• Drinking Water Committee (DWC, Evolved from the EHC in FY90)
• Indoor Air Quality!Potal Human Exposure Committee (IAQC, mandated in
the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act in FY 86)
• Research Strategies Advisory Committee (RSAC, requested by the Admin-
istrator in response to SAB recommendations in FY 88).
The activities of these committees are supplemented by a variety of subcom-
mittees (See Figure I), as well as by subcommittees which are created as
required.
The Board has been successful in tapping a continuing vein of top technical
talent to fill its leadership positions. The scientists and engineers who have led
the SAB for the past 15 years are listed in Table I. Table II testifies to the
caliber of individuals who have served as chairs of SAB Committees in FY 91.
Although the number of appointed members is flexible, the F? 91 SAB
consisted of 62 members, appointed by the Administrator, generally for two year
terms, renewable for two more terms in some cases. Service as Committee Chair
can lead to an additional four years of continuous service. A formal guideline on
membership service was adopted by the Executive Committee in making FY 91
appointments (See Appendix D). More than 250 additional scientists and engi.
neere, invited by the Staff Director, serve on an “as needed” basis as consultants to
the Board on various issues where their expertise is relevant The number of
consultants is also flexible, and their one year terms can be renewed. Consultants
are required to meet the same standards of scientific expertise as members.
The term “member or consultants (M/C)” is used throughout this report to
refer to these outside technical experts. Appendix E contains a list of the FY 91
M/Ca on the Board. Nearly all of them serve as “special Government employees
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TABLE I SAB L adership Over the Past Two Decades
Executive Comm. Affiliation Date
Ch
Dr. niil Mrak University of California 1974-1978
Dr. John Caution Michigan State University 1979-1981
Dr. Earnest Gloyna University of Texas 1981-1983
Dr. Norton Nelson New York University 1983-1988
Dr. Raymond Loehr University of Texas 1988-present
SAB Staff Directors Date
Dr. Thomas Bath 1975-1977
Dr. Richard Dowd 1978-1981
Dr. Terry Yosie 1981-1988
Dr. Donald Barnes 1988-present
(SGEa),” subject to all appropriate restrictions, including conflict of interest
statutes (18 U.S.C. Sections 202-209).
The SAB Staff consists of a a cadre of full-time EPA employees: a Staff
Director, Assistant Staff Director, five scientist/engineer Designated Federal
Officials (DFOs) (formerLy called “Executive Secretaries”), a Project Coordinator, a
Program Assistant, seven Staff Secretaries, one clerk, and one receptionist. Their
duties include identifying potential issues for SAB attention, focusing questions for
review by the Board, working with the Board to identify and enlist appropriate
MiVs, interfacing between the Board and the Agency and the public, coordinating
logistics for reviews, and producing minutes and reports for submission to the
Administrator. Appendix C cont.RinR information on the Staff support within each
of the Coimnittees.
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TABLE II FY 91 SAB Committee Chairs
m _ Ai ZC)
Dr. Raymond Lashr
KM. AIbai Chair and Pro.
Issor, Civil Eng. at the Uni. .lt 1 of Tans
atA Il %h vi iit , Nat. r.A y of Engine-
Soc. dEnt. Tan. and Chem ry
Memb’ , Waist Poll. C o1 Federation
II ” 1 ’UT , Am. &daiy of Civil V,in., 0
Foemsr c , SlaB En,. Engineering Comm.
Air I— - Mv , V-—- -- .
Dr. Roger McClellan
Prnd sat of the Cham. lad. Inst. of T
Member, N.+lnael InsUtute of ___
Member , Am. Vateelnary Nether] Mean.
Mom , P Rematch 8o e
“ , aeelsty of TaIx ]o ’
DrIe WU fIIWC )
Dr. William Glass
balrmaza , Department of Ironmental Sd
s sad Eagimsrin Scboai of Public
H ’th . Univ. ulty of North Carolina
Mest Ch 4 1 Society
Editor, Eat. 8
Member , Am. Public Health &t4 ’
M. ,. hor , Am. Inst. of Ch. , I Engiesni
Member , Am. Wst..... L. Aas 4 ’o
En,l _ h i Fr. r _ i • 5 fli a
Dr. L. D’-
Director, Iutltut . of Applied ØrIa . s d
D.$. of Rio. Sd, N. Tans State Unh s*ty
Mi ,i l,r, Am.&an Fie Society
Member , Soc. of Env. Ta. and Chamietry
Member, N. American B ai4hi4 Øa.I 5 c
Msinb ’ , J. E 0. Sil ay Society
L . ———’a-’ gba _ L _ ,g O- _ -- ’-- ’ )
Mt. P k. d
Senior Corp. Fellow, Union Carbide Corp.
. r dpi of Engineering
Dip mat. . Am. Aced. of Environ. Eag.
Fsflow, Am. Soc. of Civil Engineer.
Number , N BC W.tar Sd. &
ScaM AffiIiØ ) A. ,i .h., Aemc. of Eat Rag.
PioL
Memb’ Soc. of Eaticca. Ta. 1 ChemIstry
lI. sr . Amer. Inst. dir Pr .fl Put.
kh ! __ i _ .
Dr. Arthur Upton
PrOSM.Or and Diuct e , Institute of Environ
M ’ Nsa York Univ.
Member, Ameriern Mean. for Cans’s , Ba..
Member, Macc, of Path. and Ba ,i a1rgiete
Memb.r , Amerlern College of Taioo1c
Member, American Society for Ezp. Path.
Member, P.A ti n Essesreb Society
W ,i kst , Soe.for Rap. Blo1c & Mad
M hi, , Society for Blab Ana uM
Air Qon fl 3 . C——’” —
Dr. Morton Llpparann
Director of Me’oenl Tiih i +4,., , Iabo
ratory and Pr’Aww, Institute of
Eonmental Med thi. . New York Univ.
Momb ’ , Am. Coat. of Got. lad. Hygienists
Memb’ , Am. Ma of Induct. Hygiene
hlamb., , Am. Industrial Hygiene Macc.
Membiw , American Thorado Society
Nemb.” , Am. Amoc, for Mroeal R ’..eaith
n t kt AC)
Dr. Odd’at Nygeard
of IWI A and 3&nrl l .itry,
Cue-Western Reserve Ual.. ..li,
Va”ihey, Radia’ Rematch Sor ty
Member, Latiroameatal Mutagen Society
Member, American Ck.nthml Society
Number Society of Si a Xi
Str agf a M,L kI AI )
Mt. Am Aim
Director, Senior Vie. P__
Ththns 0 5d Ap
Uca. Intern onal Cor ca
M*a . , Nat. of Public A bnin
Board of Director. of
Law Ins .
1 Reslped during TY 81 ; Dr. Verne R srrsd ne
Acting Chair for the” of the year.
32 SAB Ac es
32.1 Overview
The types of projects and the range of subjects reviewed by SAB continue to
grow. The Board takes on reviews at the request of Congress, the Administrator
13
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and program offices, as well as on its own initiative. In general, the trend over
time has been for more SAD reviews, addressing more varied subjects, requested
by a. wider range of individuals and organizations. In addition, recent requests
have been for more comp1ex interdisciplinary, multi-media reviews, such as the
Agency’s analysis of global climate issues, an in-depth examination of strategies to
guide environmental research during the 1990s, and evaluation of relative risks
posed by a wide array of environmental problems that confront the Agency.
The magnitude of SAB activity has increased dramatically during the past 10
years. Tables Ill - V provide summary information on the Board’s activities and
resources as a whole and on a major committee basis. Note however, that the
number of meetings and reports in FY 91 showed a decrease when compared with
FY 90. This decline results from several factors: first, it is apparent that the
Board’s review topics are increasing in complexity, and in the degree of public
interest, scrutiny, and involvement-all of which requires additional staff time.
The Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS), cancer and electromagnetic fields
(EMF), perchiorothylene, and formaldehyde reviews all fall into this category.
Second, at a time when these demRnd were increasing, the contributions of several
staff members were lost to other worthy activities; for example, Bob Flask served
in the Gulf War, Rick Cothern took a rotational assignment to the Agency’s
emerging statistical analysis staff, and Samuel llondberg filled in for Mr. Flask’s
niai agement and DFO functions while confining to maintain the EHC and initi-
ating the new economics committee. Lastly, the acquistion of a new level of
computer equipment, while promising to contribute to increased productivity in the
future, has absorbed staff time in configuring systems, initial trouble shooting,
staff training, and the like.
From a broader perspective, it should be noted that the Board baa prepared
nearly 300 reports during the past decade. Each report was sent directly to the
Administrator, with copies available to the public upon request. Distribution
varies with interest in the topic. Some are circulated to fewer than 100 readers.
A “beat seller” typically results in distribution of 1000 copies in two years. The
recent FY 88 Future Risk report on strategies for the Agency’s research in the
1990s achieved a distribution of more then 7000 copies. More tb n 20,000 copies
of the FY90 report, Reducing Risk, have been printed and distributed by the
Agency. Additional copies have been distribution by the National Technical
Information System (NTIS). Taken j toto . the number of SAB reports circulated
during the past 10 years is over 100,000 copies.
14
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Table 111 SAB Activities and Resources, 1980-1991
Fed. Reg. I of er.
. .ettnps Oth.r 2 Ileports 3 I of Staff Coats
_ ev £Jos d peek 11 jçr Tot.%” e çr fT s (ro q . 5C
1980 42 1 13 81 IS.8 875
1981 12 1 10 72 13.2 750
198220 0 10 37 10.5
1 9 38 1 11 44 9.1 650
1986 2P I IT 4$ 14.1 1,050
1985 60 1 41 60 14.0 1,200
1986 61 1 28 59 16.1 1,200
1987 57 1 36 74 14.1 1,350
1986 58 1 63 74 13.2 1,400
1989 67 1 36 61 16.9 1,550
1990 60 1 5 Z6 7 33 55 15.0 1,700
199146 1 7 16 6fl 62 16.6 1,700
I Asnoimoed hi the Y.deral E.g atsr . p.r PACA.
2 WritIng. pl ,tii i g and nd I sti ,. . oa do act actice In the T.dersl Ba ster. Data oa
— to 1990 .ie act .vsI1ak
S Appeadhi 0 nnt*iat . aI t of all )‘Y 9t reports. phi. abstract. of each.
$ A full sputt on a topic lea taacivs dioa on of Lbs a*ct, s4 , Viat than 10 pqac. 8spsrat. data
on full .. letter report . era act . suabls prior to 1990.
b A letter report le a ra fuonsed dI ,e’- m of a LapIn. In this cats9ory era m tar to the
MmLnl.trat.r on se of acocern to Lbs SAB.
c Includes three separate 1 nh of appondices to the Rai wing Risk report .
TABLE N SAB Expenses for Fiscal Years 1988-1991
Fiscal Co pensatiou Travel Other TOTAL
Year Staff UC Total Expenses Expenses
1988 $550K $460 $1,O1OK $280K $ 80K $1,370
1989 710 450 1,160 270 140 1,560
l99D 750 390 1,140 210 320 1,680
1991 778 459 1,237 329 162 1,698
I Ia FT 1990 there o rab . sep,ort fur the dsvslcpsesnt end prud” lnn LR 1 with oaiseijuoat
In the aced SAB ftr dseet.d to mva tk
15
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Total D 1 47 4 31 14 4 22
__________ * fl N - — .
_________________ a — ____ . 4
_________ 1 N 1 —
________________________ • I r
3.3.2 Criteria for activities
As the volume of requests for SAB involvement has increased, the Board has
had to decide how to set its priorities. As a part of the “self.study” initiated in
FY89, the Board’s Mission and Functioning Committee developed a list of criteria
which characterizes the more significant projects of the past and which can guide
in the selection of prQjects in the future:
a. Impact on overall environmental protection; e.g., the EMAP review
(report in preparation), and the continuing activity implementing Re.
ducing Risk
TABLE V SAB Activities by Committee
ft.cal I stiii4s • 3apoTt.2
c. tt. . Iia Otbsr Total Pull i tt Total
for Fisial Years 87-91
r-- i • I s fl$•t I
Co ttiis iaH LL Otb.r Total Pull Ltr Totil
“$7
“U
1 $i $
INS
1001
10 17
*i& c 0$.
I , .,
iNS
1001
CA$K 1 S7
1011
a,.,
INS
1 0 0 1
4
4
4
I 5 4
$ 1 5
a’
a’ 3
a,
1$ a
• a S
S
2
I
1 • I
I I I
I
I
S
• • I
• I I
15
7
3
7 I 7
• I I
7
S
1 2 3
2 0 2
1017
104 5
“I’
D OS
i 0 0 1
UK 101?
“U
1000
iNS
1001
I c 0$.
“I,
1000
1901
5 K 1047
a,..
0$,
‘N.
1••i
UK 1OI
1000
1 N1
1091 4 0 1 3 2 3
1151 I I $ 2 I 3
7
9
0
3 I 3
4 I 4
S
$
7
a • a
*0 I 15
I
2
• I I
2 I 2
S
0
2
12 512
• 2 LI
I
2 I 2
3 I S
a
1 0
13
S 0 S
S 4 7
I
4
I
I • I
4 0 4
a
1
• 1 *
1 I 1
S
S
3
• 1 1
• 1 1
4
S I 3
2 0 1
* I4
13
S
191?
7
4
11$.
S
S
1 •0
ii
3
DOS $
S
$ 4
C 4
001 7
1
I 2
1 2
cm
5K
UK
_ JIr - .
&M . .
— v_
L..I. -
- . - -
-
£ ‘ V.&.I 1 - -
u _ . s eu JJi . __ ,
36
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b. Address novel scientific problems or principles; e.g., the Reference Con-
centration concept (SAB-EHC-91-008).
c. Integrate science into Agency actions in new ways; e.g., the Ecoregion
concept (SAB-EPEC-91-003)
d. Influence long-term technological development; e.g., the EMAP research
program (SAB-EPEC-91-001)
e. Respond to emergencies (None in FY91)
f. Deal with problems that transcend federal agency or other organizational
boundaries; e.g., Environmental Tobacco Smoke (SAB-IAQC-91-007)
g. Strengthen the Agency’s basic capabilities; e.g., the review of the exposure
assessment guidelines (report in preparation)
h. Serve Congressional and other leadership interests; e.g., the review of the
President’s F? 92 budget proposal for EPA’s research program (SAB-
EC-91-005)
3.3.3 Impacte of activities
Each SAB activity has a unique set of consequences which can affect
subsequent activity by the Agency, and, by extension, the rest of society. The
listing below provides examples of some of these impacts were during FY 91.
a. Impacts on the rigor of the Agency’s technical positions
For e’nmple, the SAB’s F? 91 review of the relevance of kidney
tumors in the male rat to human health risk assessment helped
to move this strongly debated issue toward resoltujon.
b. Impacts on expenditures of funds
In FY, 91 the SAB reviewed the proposed research programs in the
areas of drinking water microbiolo r (SAB-DWC9I-001), munic-
ipal solid waste (SAB-EC -91-009), ecological studies (SAB-EPE-
C-91-001 , -003, -011, and -012), and the F? 92 R&D budget
(SAB-EC-91..005). A significant percentage of the Agency’s
research dollars will be directed at these areas on a continuing
basis for the next several years.
c. Impacts on emerging science po 11 cy
17
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The SAB review of the Agency’B assessment of formaldehyde ad-
dressed the key issue of do8imetric measures (the use of mon-
key DPX vs. traditional exposure indices) which could signifi-
cance for the assessment of 1flRfl other toxicanta in the future
(report in prepeTation).
d. Impacts on Agency pliinning
In FY 90 the SAB completed its study into comparative risks posed
by environmental problems (Reducing Risk, SAB-EC-90-021,
-021A, .021B, -021C). The Administrator used the report to
launch a national debate on the issues and to set the frame-
work for strategic plsnning and budgeting at EPA. Emphasis
on orienting the Agency to this risk-based operating mode
continues, with the establishment of two Agency task forces to
work on implementation of specific MB recommendations.
e. Impacts on the public debate of i nfifie and engineering issues
In Ti 91 the SAB agreed to review the Agency’s risk assessment of
environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). The F? 91 meeting and
consequent report (SAB-IAQC-91-007) attracted enormous
public interest and comment. Although the report did not end
the debate on this issue, it did provide a firm basis for progress
towards a scientific consensus. The FY 91 review of EMF/Car-
cinogenicity issue was ei?nhlRrly the subject of wide-spread
public interest, and the SAB’s report (in preparation) is eagerly
awaited.
32.4 Responses and reactions to MB activities
Since 1984, the Board has formally requested written Agency responses to
MB reviews. The nmjority of the responses indicate that the Agency has acted
positively on the advice given by the Board. In mpny instances, the Agency
initiated action on the basis of the advice rendered at the public meetings, prior to
receiptoftheformalreportformtheBoard. IneomecaseatheAgencyandthe
Board “agree to disagree”.
Support for the MB both inside and outside the Agency remsins strong. The
Administrator and Deputy Administrator have made its practice to attend
Executive Committee meetings to discuss topics of mutual interest Several
Assistant Administrators also made presentations and requests at meetings of the
Executive Committee in F? 91. The greater number of EPA requests for SAB
reviews speaks to the Agency’s commitment to the SAB. However, resource
18
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constraints continue to limit the extent to which the Board can respond fully to
the needs of the Agency.
Outside the Agency, mention of the meetings and reports of the SAB appear
in the trade press on a regular basis and in the public press on selected topics;
e.g., environmental tobacco smoke, health risk assessment for perchiorethylene,
and carcinogenicity of electromagnetic fields. SAB members, as recognized experts,
are sought out by representatives of the media for comments on various environ-
mental problems.
Congressional interest also continues. The ETS review drew close scrutiny
from certain offices on Capitol Hill. In TI 91, for the first time, a Congressman
asked to make a statement before an SAB committee (the BAC Subcommittee
NIEMP). In addition, the House Subcotnmittee on Natural Reaources, Agriculture
Research and Environment, which oversees the EPA’s research programs, regular-
ly invites members of the SAB’s ORD Budget Review Subcommittee to testify at
its hearings. The Chair has commented favorably on the Board and on the utility
of its report on the magnitude and distribution of the 01W budget. Also, the SAB
is mentioned in recent legislation: the Superfund Amendments and Reauthoriza .
tion Act (SARA) of 1986, the Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments (SDWAA)
amendments of 1986, and the Clean Air Act amendments of 1990.
Extra-Agency support for the Board is heard in rn ny segments of the
community: environmental groups, industrial groups, and within state and local
governments.
3,4 l iiimples of the SAB’S MRkin Progress
3.4.1 Implementing Jcsiucuiz Risk
The SAB report, Reducing Risk, was a xn jor product of TI 90. The Board
produced this document at the request of the Administrator, who was interested in
the SAB’s review and extension of the Agency’s 1988 report, Unfinished Business,
a study of the comparative risks posed by an array of environmental problems
facing EPA, the Nation, and the world. At the end of last year, the SAB submit-
ted its report to the Administrator. On the same day that ha received it, Mr.
Reilly featured the report in an address to the National Press Club, in which he
called for a national debate on the issues raised by the Board; e.g., are our limited
environmental protection resources being directed where they will do the most
good? The Board advanced a total of 10 recommendations, and called on the
country to do a better job of focuabg its resources on those efforts which held the
greatest potential for reducing risks to the public health and the environment.
19
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In the year since its release, Reducing Risk has attracted much attention,
both inside and outside the Agency. It has turned out to be a “best seller”, with
more than 20,000 copies in print, exceeding by a factor of three the demand for
any previous SAB report Administrator Reilly and Deputy Administrator Hsbicht
have used the report repeatedly in speaking to various audiences. They have
directed Agency personnel—at Headquarters and in the Regions—to use the report
as a basis for formulating Agency policy, particularly its strategic plan and budget
In the process of implementing the recommendations of the report, each of the
Regions has conducted its own “comparative risk” project In addition, the Agency
has established two task forces to pursue two major suggestions in the report.
The first effort focuses on the issue of habitats, the loss of which were identified
by the SAB as a major environmental problem. The second effort addresses the
SAB-described need to improve the data base upon which comparative risk
decisions have to be based. The Board continues to be involved in these efforts,
phnning publicly announced “consult.ations”—basically, a collegial discussion of
options the Agency might take in approaching a complex issue-on these subjects.
In January, Mr. Reilly and Dr. Loehr were the only two witnesses at a
Congressional hearing, conducted by Senator Moynihirn of New York. Each of the
eight Senators participating in the 2-hour discussion expressed support for the
concepts in the report, although some of the Congressmen were skeptical about
our ability to carry them out SAB members and Staff have discussed the report
in a wide array of forums, including the National Research Council, various
government agencies, and numerous professional organizations. This activity was
capped by a day-long symposium at the August meeting of the American Chemical
Society in which SAB members participated in an exploration of the topic: “What
is needed to do a better job of comparing risks posed by competing environmental
problems?” The results of that symposium will be published.
3.4.2 Risk-based Strategy for Wetlands Research
The alteration and loss of critical habitats was given a high priority in the
SAB report on Reducing Risk. No habitat was more controversial and contested
in 1991 t n the delineation and protection of wetland habitats. The SAB was
involved in this issue through an unusual combination of professions-engineers
and ecologists.
Specifically, in FY91 two Committees of the SAB, the Ecological Processes
and Effects Committee (EPEC) and the Environmental Engineering Committee
(EEC), combined their talents and varied disciplinary approaches to conduct two
reviews of wetlands research. First, an EPEC subcommittee leda review of the
draft FT 1992-1996 Research Plan Wetlands Researck An Integruted Risk-Based
Research Strategy. The Wetlands Research Subcommittee included ecologists, a
20
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microbiologist, engineers, hydrologists, and botanists as well as prominent re-
searchers from the U.S. Forest Service, Soil Conservation Service, Fish and
Wildlife Service and the Corps of Engineers. The Subcommittee found that the
Agency had made significant progress in applying a risk-based approach for
TnRnnging wetlands and provided substantive recommendations to help continue
that trend.
The EEC subcommittee led the second review of research on constructed
wetlands for wastewater treatment. The Subcommittee included three of the
federal scientists and several of the EPEC aubcoinynittee members. The Subcom.
inittee found that the research program was a modest effort, but recommended
that additional work should be undertaken on constructed wetlands for mitigation
of wetlands losses. The collaboration of engineers and ecologists led to an
increase in the SAB’s ability to provide more comprehensive recommendations to
the Agency, integrating engineering and ecological research.
The SAB found that the Wetlands Research Program made significant
contributions to the delineation of wetland boundaries. It also serves as a model
research program for implementing SAB recommendations for setting priorities
aimed at reducing the greatest environmental risks. In addition, because the
Wetlands Program focuses on a resource which is multimedia, the problems of
restoring wetlands and defining their functions are amenable to a risk-based
approach. The review of the Wetlands Research Program thus provided the Board
with an opportunity to exRmiY,e , perhaps for the first time, the impact of the
Reducing Risk orientation on research plRnning.
3.t3 Electromagnetic Fields and Cancer
hi 1990 the Agency released Evaluation of the Potential Carcinogenicity of
Electromagnetic Fields and in 1991 A Research Strategy for Electric and Magnetic
Fields: Research Needs and Priorities. The former document provided a focus for
both public and scientific controversies concerning the safety of transmission lines
and electrical appliances of various sorts. Paul Brodeur’s book, Currents of Death
sets forth typical public concerns; a series of three Science articles in the fall of
1990 (now available as reprints) captures some of the debate in the scientific
community. In contrast, by the time the latter document was released there was
widespread support in the research community for a program in this area.
In January 1990, the Agency, anticipating the release of these reports, asked
the Radiation Advisory Committee to crticaUy review these documents. In May
1990, the Committee established a specialized Subcommittee-the Nonionizing
Electric and Magnetic Fieldi Subcommittee CNIEMFS). Considerable effort and
care went into the structure of the Subcommittee. Staff and Board members
21
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consulted with dozens of individuals and organizations and considered almost 300
scientists before seventeen were selected. The Subcom,nittee held three meetings
notable for the exceptional public interest. Over 200 members of the public
attended the first of these meetings and there were roughly 20 oral statements,
including presentations by the mayor of an eastern city, a Congressman, and
citizens from foreign countries. The NIEMFS approved its report on the carci-
nogenicity review at a July 1991 public meeting and expects to approve the
research agenda review later in the fall of 1991.
The Subcommittee found that Evaluation of the Potential Carcinogenicity of
Electromagnetic Fields had serious deficiencies in regard to the accuracy and
completeness of the information provided as well as in the interpretation of the
scientific data. The Subcommittee concluded that there is insufficient evidence
from the human epidemiolo r data and from animal/cell experiments to establish
the cause-and-effect relationships between low-frequency electric and magnetic field
exposure and huni n health effects and cancer and the precise nature of the
environmental low frequency electric and magnetic field potentially related to
human disease remains to be elucidated.
22
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4. REVIEW OF FY91 ACTiVITIES
4.1 Introduction
Like last year, FY 91 was a busy and varied year for the Science Advisory
Board. The number of meetings held and the number of issues addressed during
the year continued at a high level. The Board again er mined several new topics
whose rRmificationa for Agency plnnning, policy and practice are far-reaching. The
SAB Staff mnintained its commitment to quality service to the Board, the Agency,
and the public while undertnking various actions to assess and enhance its own
institutional health.
This section of the FY 91 Annual Report consists of a brief overview of SAB
Committee activities, a presentation of the ways in which the SAB is “making
progress,” and staff changes in the Science Advisory Board Office. Additional
details and summaries are found in the appendices.
4.2 Overview of SAB Activities
in FY91, the various Committees and Subcommittees of the SAB conducted
over 50 meetings, including formal public meetings, writing sessions, conference
calls, and the Second Annual Meeting of the Science Advisory Board, held in
October 1991. The Board issued 16 separate full reports and 6 letter reports.
Some of these reports reflected reviews conducted in the previous fiscal year; just
as some FY 91 reviews will result in FT 92 reports. The SAB was involved in
some way with nearly every program office of the Agency. As a result, the Board
affected the Agency very broadly. The SAB both responded to requests for re-
views from the Agency and took the initiative in delving into new areas and new
approaches to providing the kind of scientific and engineering advice that makes a
difference in the Agency’s operations.
These activities are summarized by Committee in the sections below. Appen.
dix F contains a list of all the meetings, arranged by Committee, and Appendix G
contains a list of all the SAB reports, including abstracts, issued during the year.
4.2.1 Executive Committee (BC)
As is its normal practice, the BC met four times duringFY 9 lto conduct its
business of overseeing activities of the Board and reviewing Committee reports for
transmittal to the Administrator. (The separately chartered CASAC submits its
reports directly to the Administrator, with information copies being supplied to the
BC.) The BC also hosted an Annual Meeting of the entire membership in
23
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corUuncton with its first meeting of the year. During this year, the EC has
continued to take a much larger role in the plAnning and prioritizing of the
Board’s activities and in the review of its Committee.prepared reports. This has
helped to provide consistency in SAB products, and worked toward broadening the
Board’s activities. In addition, for the first time, the EC conducted a consultation
in conjunction with one of its meetings. The topic was the Agency’s efforts to
update its 1986 Cancer Risk Assessment Guidelines.
42.2 Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee (CASAC)
CASAC primarily reviews documents relating to National Ambient Air
Quality Standards (NAAQS). By law, these standards are to be reevaluated by
EPA every 5 years; in practice however, the process often takes longer. Under the
provisions of the Clean Air Act Amendments, CASAC must provide advice to the
Administrator regarding such re-evaluations. However, CASAC does not set the
review schedule; rather, its reviews are normally responsive to Agency time tables.
During FY91, the CASAC held one meeting which addressed the Carbon Monoxide
Criteria Document.
Two reports were released in FY 91:
a. Air Quality Criteria for Carbon Monoxide (SAB-CASAC-91-015)
b. Research Plan for the Effects of Tropospheric Ozone on Forest Trees
(SAB-CASAC-91-O1O)
4.2.3 Drinking Water Committee CDWC)
The DWC held five full Committee meetings and three conference calls during
the year. They addressed the following issues:
a. Arsenic Research Plan (Report in preperation)
b. Chlorinated Acids (Report in preperation)
c. Colilert (Microbiological Protocols) (SAB-DWC.91.014)
d. Corrosion Research (Report in preperation)
e. Cyanogen Chloride (Report in preperation)
f. Trlhalomet1 anes Criteria Document (Report in preperation)
Operations of this Committee were slowed in the latter part of FY91 due to
significant staff changes. Dr. Willuirni Glaze, the Chair, resigned due to the press
of other responsibilities, having forcefully and successfully led the Committee
during the past two years. Dr. C. Richard Cothern, the DFO, left on a 4-month
rotational assignment to another EPA office during the latter part of the year.
Ms. Darlene Sewell, the Staff Secretary to the DWC was promoted to Secretary to
24
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the Staff Director, following the successful delivery of a baby girl. The Committee
now has a new Chair for FY92 (Dr. Verne Ray), an acting DPO (Mr. Robert
Flak), and a new Staff Secretary (Ms. Frances Dolby)-as well as a burgeoning
agenda for FY92.
4±4 Ecologies l Processes and Effects Committee (EPEC)
EPEC held nine Committee meetings and Subcommittee meetings this year.
The Committee reviewed topics from several different sources and conducted a
consultation with one program that included presentations from EPA regional
offices and states. In July 1991, EPEC and EEC sponsored two reviews of
Wetlands research which are discussed further in section 3.4.2. The following
issues were addressed during this year:
a. Ecological Indicators for the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
Program (EMAP) (SAB.EPEC-91-O01)
b. Evaluation of the Ecoregion Concept (SAB-EPEC-91-003)
c. Evaluation of the Program Plan for EMAP (SAB-EPEC-91-011)
d. Evaluation of the Proposed Center for Marine and Estuarine Disease
Research (SAB-EPEC-91-012)
e. EPA ’s Ecorisk Assessment Research Program (Report in preperation)
f. EPA’s Research on Expert Systems to Predict the Fate and Effects of
Chemicals (Report in preperation)
g. EPA’s Research on Wetlands (Report in preperation)
b. National Estuary Program Monitoring Guidance (Report in preperation)
i. A consultation on biological criteria for water quality.
(SAB-EPEC-91-CON-004)
4±5 Environmental Engineering Committee (EEC)
The EEC conducted three planning and coordinstion meetings of the full
Committee and five meetings of various subcommittees. Three teleconferences
were held through the year by the EEC and its Subcotntnittees. Additional special
events included
a. Congressional Testimony by Dr. Francis McMicbael, Chair of the EEC’s
Municipal Solid Waste Subcommittee on Municipal Solid Waste
Research before the Subcommittee on Environment of the Committee
on Science, Space and Technolor of the U.S. House of Representa-
tives, June 20, 1991. Dr. McMichael’s testimony was helpful to the
Subcommittee in deciding what revisions, based on “sound science”
25
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may be needed in amendments to the MSW components of the Re-
source Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA).
b. A Pollution Prevention Subcommittee editing teleconference
c. A joint review with the EPEC on Wetlands issues
d. An investigation into the relationships between the SAB and OSWER,
with recommendations for improvements and future projects (auth-
ored by Mr. Norman Neidergang of Region 5)
The following topics were addressed during the year:
a. Review of ORD’s Proposed Project, entitled Potential Hazards of Munici-
pal Waste Recycling.” (SAB-EEC-91-LTR-005)
b. Consultation on the Review of Selection Criteria for Participation of EPA
Staff on the Proposed Agency Task Force on Modeling. (SAB-EEC-91-
CON-002)
c. Review of the ORD’s Municipal Solid Waste Research Program. (SAB-
EEC-91-009)
e. Consultation with EPA/OSW and EMSL-Las Vegas Staff on Review of
Quantitative Data Quality Objectives for Ground-Water Monitoring.
(SAB-EEC-91-CON-003)
f. Review of OSWER’s Draft Report on the Usage of Computer Models in
the Hazardous Wante,Superfund Programs and Proposed Pilot Study.
(Report in preperation)
g. Review of Constructed Wetlands Research. This was the very successful
tandem review of wetlands issues, which was conducted on July 16
through 18, 1991 at the EPA Corvallis Laboratory with the EPEC’S
Wetlands Research Subcommittee and the EEC ’s Constructed Wet
lands Subcommittee. (Report in preperation)
4.2.6 Environmental Health Committee (ERC)
The EHC conducted four full Committee meetings during FT 91. The follow-
ing issues were addressed:
a. Chemical Mixtures Exposure (Report in preperation)
b. Chemical Mixtures Health Research Strategy (Report in preperation)
c. Formaldehyde Consultation (SAB-EHC-9 1-CON-OO1)
d. Formaldehyde Risk Assessment (report in preperation)
e. Perchioroethylene (SAB-EHC-91-013)
f. Rat Kidney Tumors (SAB-EHC-91-LTR-006)
g. RIC lni tion Toxicology (SAB-EHC-91-008)
A number of FT 91 reports reflect issues exRmined in FT 90:
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a. Assessment of Occupational Exposure T.irnits for Reference Concentrations
(SAB-EHC-91-LT&004)
b. Drinking Water Criteria for Nickel (SAB-EHC-LTR-91-002)
c. RID for Essential Metals in Drinkimg Water (SAB-EHC-LTR-91-OO3)
d. Pentachiorophenol (SAB-EHC-91-002)
Three of the FT 91 issues—perclhloroetbylene (pert), formaldehyde, and the
rat kidney tumors—generated considerable public interest, and elicited major
participation by the public. Several public interest groups, industry associations,
and individual members of the public provided articles, reference materials, and
oral comments before, and during the meetings, particularly in reference to perc
and formaldehyde, substances in widespread use in industry and trade. Also, in
the case of formaldehyde, interest was high in the scientific community because of
the Agency’s interest in utilizing a novel approach (DNA protein cross-linking
(DPX)) as a measure of absorbed dose.
4.2.7 Indoor Air Qualityfl”otal Hnmin Exposure Committee (1AQC)
The Committee held two meetings this year 1 addressing the following issues:
a. Environmental Tobacco Smoke Risk Assessment and Policy Guide (SAB-
JAQC-91-007)
b. Exposure Assessment Guidelines (Report in preperation)
One of the most visible issues the Board has undertaken in many years, the
ETh review provided a broad platform for the SAB to provide its advice. Con-
gress, lobbyists, all forms of media including television, radio, newspapers and
various periodicals, and the public all were involved in the public process.
4.2.8 Radiation Advisory Committee (MC)
During FY91 the MC conducted seven public Committee and Subcommittee
meetings, and three writing sessions, two of which were conducted by conference
call. The following topics were addressed at these meetings:
a. Closure/Commentary letter on the proposed regulation for radionuclides
in drinking water and supporting documentation. (Report in prepera-
tion)
b. Commentary on residual radioactivity and contaminated sites. (Report in
preperation)
c. Commentary on transport models for radionucides in the environment.
(Report in preperation)
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d. Correlation of short-term and long-term tests for radon. (Report in
preperation)
e. Design of the national radon survey. (Report in preperation)
f. Radon risks to smokers, non-smokers, and children. (SAB-RAC-91-LTR -
001
g. Revised radon risk estimates (Report in preperation)
h. Review of A Research Strategy br Electric and Magnetic Fields: Research
Needs and Priorities. (Report in preparation)
i. Review of the August, 1991 draft revised Citizen’s Guide to Radon.
(Report in preparation)
j. Review of the Evaluation of the Potential Carcinogenicity of Electromag-
netic Fields. (Report in preparation)
k. Review of the Idaho Radionuclide Study (Report in preperation)
L 1990 Draft Drinking Water Criteria Documents for gross beta, radon,
radium and uranium. (Report in preperation)
4.2.9 Research Strategies Adviscny Committee (RSAC)
During FY91, the RSAC held three Coyntnittee and Subcommittee meetings.
The issues addressed were:
a. New Approaches to Research Plstnning. (Report in preperation)
b. 01W Budget Review. (SAB-EC-91-005)
C. Scientific and Technical Achievement Awards (STAA). (SAB-RSAC-91-006)
The 01W Budget Review and the STAA review are both annual events for
the SAB. The former has been routinely requested by Congress for the past
several years. The latter is an opportunity to review the fine technical work being
done by EPA scientists and engineers and to mRke recommendations for profes-
sional recognition and cash awards from 01W.
4.2.10 Other Committees
a. Environmental Economice Advisory Committee (EEAC)
This Committee was created during FY 91 at the request from the Admini
trator who was responding tea recommendation in the Board’s Reducing Risk
report. The Committee’s mission will include reviewing the quality and relevance
of particular economic analyses (e.g., analyses underpinning the National Ambient
Air Quality Standards); reviewing generic regulatory economic approaches (e.g.,
methods for estimating full costs and benefits of EPA regulations and policies);
reviewing research programs (e.g., alternative approaches to valuing ecological
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assets and investigations of the creative use of market incentives); reviewing the
economic bases of various applied programs (e.g., the economics of pollution
prevention programs); advising on infrastructure and technical management issues
(e.g., the organization and integration of economic assets in the Agency); advising
on emergency and other short-notice problems; and advising on broad strategic
matters (e.g., approaches to incorporating non-monetary considerations into
costlbeneflt valuation, and approaches to evaluating environmental costa and
benefits of alternative policies and practices in areas such as ener r, transporta-
tion, agriculture, and climate change).
Two eminent Co-Chairs were selected. The final selection of Committee
members will be made in early FY 92.
b. Clean Air Compliance Advisory Council (CACAC)
This statutory advisory group (See Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990) is
being formed under the administrative umbrella of the SAB. Like CASAC, it will
report directly to the Administrator. A separate charter is being prepared. The
Council and the EEAC will have complementary responsibilities and some overlap
in membership.
4.3 Mi 1cing Progress in the SAB Staff Office
During FY 89 the SAB was subject to internal and external studies-through a
self-study by Board members and through a management pnalysis of the operation
of the Staff Office by EPA management experts. These two studies were formally
presented to the SAB in early FY 90. During that year, the SAB Staff followed-up
on m iy of the recommendations of the two groups. The FY 90 SAB Director’s
Report summarized the important recommendations and progress to date. In sum,
the reports urged the Board and the Staff Office to “work smarter” to achieve the
goals of the SAB. The Staff believes that they have now met that challenge, and
are now seeing the results of that effort. This portion of the Annual Report is
devoted to nmining these and other evidences that the Board is, in fact, mAking
progress.
4.3.1 Computer Systems
In previous reports, we have discussed our plans for modernization through
computerization. During this year we have added a local area network (LAN),
connecting the Fairchild Staff Office and the Director’s Office (we are about B
blocks apart). The system is also connected to the mnin EPA “backbone” system,
providing us with access to all the other LAN’s within the Agency. The LAN
gives us the capability to share files, transfer information without physically
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traveling to each other’s offices, and it exchanges internal electronic message
traffic. The LAN is not yet fully operational as we go to press (It was brought on
line in late September 1991 and actually became functional in early October 1991).
We have also added a full-page scanner capability and a Macintosh graphics
workstation, and have purchased two laptop computers. The laptope have already
proved their worth in providing useful document retrievallinformation capture
support at on-site at meetings. in FY 92 we will purchase optical character
reading (OCR) software. This year we also added another FAX machine to our
inventory. The combination of high quality fax copy and the scanner with OCR
software will allow us to convert faxed reports into computer files without
retyping them. We are also exploring the use of electronic voice mail and bulletin
board systems to provide better service to our members and consultants and to the
public.
4.32 Total Quality Management (TQM)
Like the rest of EPA, the SAB is embarking on a journey of se1f .impmve-
mont through quality enhitncements. We are in the early stages of this process
and plan to have the entire staff trained in the techniques of TQM in FY 92.
4.3$ Staff Retreat
In the summer of 1991, the entire SAB Staff traveled to WilliRmfiburg,
Virginia and spent three days discussing what we do and how to do it better. In
a sense, this is part of our TQM activities. The Retreat resulted in a 20 page
report that included about two dozen specific projects which will be pursued by
Staff in the coming year. All who attended agreed that the idea was so good that
we plan on doing it again next year. At a follow-up meeting in November 1991
the staff discussed action plans designed to solve some of the identified problems.
4.3.4 Rotational Opportunities
In the past few years individuals have joined the Staff on a rotational basis
from other EPA staff offices. SAB Staff have also gone to other offices on
rotational assignments. In most cases, these temporary arrangements have become
permanent The idea has become so popular that only space restrictions limit the
number of additional rotational sloth available. This is an exciting and active
program at the SAB which will continue.
4.3.5 Personnel Changes
FT 91 has been a year of major personnel changes on the Staff. The Staff
Director’s position was elevated to the Senior Executive Service, an Assistant Staff
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Director’s position was created to manage the Fairchild Staff Office, and a
Program Assistant position was created to coordinate support services. Other
changes included promoting a Staff Secretary to the position of Staff Director’s
Secretary, adding a contract employee as Receptionist, preparing to hire a full time
personnel clerk, hiring two more Staff Secretaries, and changing the primary
Committee assignments of three of the Staff Secretaries.
4.3.6 Administrative/Operationai changes
In the Staff Office, we are preparing standard procedures for many of our
activities, setting-up document control procedures, creating mailing systems,
producing an informational brochure on the SAB, training all staff on administra-
tive and computer systems, and preparing a standard format for SAB reports and
other advisory documents.
4.4 SAB Staff in Transition
This year, the SAB Staff began the year with vacancies on the Support
Staff This is not an uncommon problem due to the heavy workload and limited
opportunities for prolonged breaks from the regular meeting schedules. At the
Fairchild Staff Office, wide-ranging personnel shifts were planned and implement-
ed to allow diversity of experience and to change working as8ignments, allowing a
wider range of internal staff interactions. These changes were designed to foster
increased personnel interdependence and to encourage more diverse interaction
between SAB Staff and the Committees.
Dr. Donald Barnes was promoted to the Agency’s Senior Executive Service
(SES). Elevating the Staff Director’s position to the Senior Executive Service
(SES) was one of the recommendations of the Management and Organization
Report to improve the overall mpnagement structure of the SAB Staff Offices.
This step recognizes the importance of the SAB Staff office by placing its Staff
Director at a level commensurate with other senior Agency officials.
Mr. Randy Bond joined the SAB Staff on a rotational assignment from the
Office of Health Research. His technical expertise and administrative knowledge
have made him a very important member of the staff As of the close of the fiscal
year, Randy has agreed to remain with us permanently where he will serve as the
DFO for both CASAC and RSAC.
Ms. LaShae Cardenas is a new Stay-in-School serving in the Director’s
Office, and attending Bowie State College.
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Dr. Rick Cothern has served as the DFO for the Drinking Water Comn ittee
for the past several years. He left during the spring on a rotational assignment to
provide staff assistance to the Agency’s new initiative in environmental at.atistic8.
As is often the case with rotational assignments, Rick baa found a new home
which provides him with new challenges and opportunities.
Ms. Francas Dolbv who previously served as Staff Secretary for the EPEC,
assisting the EPEC DFO Ed Bender support the SAB’s ecological review efforts,
now serves Staff as Secretary to the DWC, assisting the Acting DWC DFO, Bob
Mr. Robert F1 became the Assistant Staff Director in February, 1991,
after serving as Acting Assistant Staff Director for over a year. He also served as
the DFO for both CASAC and the IAQC. Bob supervises the Fairchild SAB Staff
and oversees the SAB process from the first meeting on an issue until the final
report. From January through May 1991, Bob served in the Persian Gulf War
when his Army Reserve Unit was activated. During his absence,
Rondberg filled as Acting Assistant Staff Director. Since his return from Saudi
Arabia, Kuwait and Ira Bob has turned over his CASAC DFO responsibilities to
Randy Bond, focusing his efforts on the management of the Staff and continuing
his role as DFO for the IAQC. Bob also serves as the Acting DFO for the
Drinking Water Conm,ittee, until a permanent DFO is hired.
Ms. Saritallicks left the Staff in July 1991, after serving as receptionist at
the Fairchild Building.
M&Marcia ( Marc ,) Jolly who previously served as Staff Secretary for the
EEC, assisting the EEC DFO Jack Kooyoom.jian in support of the SAB’s engineer-
ing review efforts, now serves as Staff Secretary to the EPEC, assisting the EPEC
DFO, Ed Bende; on ecological review issues. Marcy made this switch in July
1991.
Mr. Normpn Neidergang Associate Division Director, Office of Superfund in
EPA Region V spent part of the arnnmer in a career developmental assignment
with the SAB to prepare an evaluation of the SAB’B involvement with the Super-
fund Program and to identify areas for greater SAB involvement in the future.
He identified 17 potential areas of SAB/Superfund interaction which he presented
to the Board.
Ma. Carolyn Osborne was promoted to Program Assistant. In this role she
serves as the primary focal point for coordinktion and liaison within the Fairchild
Staff Office. She provides guidance and training to the Staff Secretaries and
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supervises the other members of the Support Staft She also serves as the
principal assistant to the Assistant Staff Director.
(s. )i n J’çuj joined the SAB Fairchild Staff in July 1991 as the new
EEC Staff Secretary, fiLing Marcy Jolly’s former position with the EEC. Diana
has served for many years in the private sector as an Executive Secretary and
brings many critical skills to her new position.
Ma. Darlene Sewefi was promoted to the position of Secretary to the Staff
Director. She previously served as the Staff Secretary to the Drinking Water
Committee. She replaces MaAopnns Foellmer who was promoted to Project
CoordinRtor in FY 90.
Ms. BarbaraSpencer-PnlliRm has joined the SAB Fairchild Office Staff as
Receptionist. Barbara is a retired school teacher who comes to us through the
American Association of Retired Persons (MB ?) program that places retired
individuals in contract-supported positions. Ms. Spencer-Pulliam works full-time
and is usually the first voice the public hears when they call the SAB at the
Fairchild Staff Office.
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5. CONCLUSIONS AND PROJECTIONS
The SAB is entering a new era of activity and involvement in the Agency. It
is clear that the Board is now taking a more proactive stance in its advisory role.
Both the current Administrator, Bifi Reilly, and the Deputy Administrator, Hank
Habicht are supporting this effort to find new ways to bring outside expertise to
bear on a wider variety of scientific and engineering issues facing the Agency.
During FY 91 the SAB Staff will be working with the Agency and the Board
to involve both institutions in the setting of priorities for the SAB. Current
resources do not permit the Board’s examining all of the issues which could be
profitably addressed. The Agency is simply involved in too many substantive
issues. Therefore, there is a need to set priorities, a process which should involve
a wide range of people and ideas. Through an invigorated Executive Committee, a
more active SAB Consultative Group, and more dynamic relationships with
program office staff, the SAB Staff will more clearly identify and describe the
possible projects that could be brought to the Board. They will work with various
SAB Committees to select thot e issues that are the most pertinent and promising,
based on the specific criteria previously established by the Mission and Function-
ing Committee.
FY 92 will find the Board and the SAB Staff will moving ahead at a more
rapid pace, taking on greater responsibilities and providing the Agency and the
public with focused and timely scientific advice to help protect human health and
the environment.
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APPENDIX A
CURRE CHARTERS OF ThE SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD AND
THE CLEAN AIR SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE
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UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
ADVISORY COMMiTTEE CHARTER
ORGANI ZATION AND FUNCTI ONS-CO 4ITTEES, BOARDS, ANEL, & COUNCILS
SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD
1. PURPOSE AND AUTHORITY . This Charter is reissued to renew the
Science Advisory Board in accordance with the requirements of the
Federal Advisory Committee Act, 5 U.S.C. App. 9 (C). The former
Science Advisory Board, administratively established by the
Administrator of EPA on January 11, 1974, was terminated in 1978
when the Congress created the statutorily mandated Science
Advisory Board by the Environmental Research, Development, and
Demonstration Authorization Act (ERDDAA) of 1978, 42 U.S.C. 4365.
The Science Advisory Board charter was renewed October 31, 1979;
November 19, 1981; November 3, 1983; October 25, 1985; November
6 1987; and November 8. 1989.
2. SCOPE OF ACTIVITY . The activities of the Board will, include
analyzing problems, conducting meetings, presenting findings,
making recommendations, and other activities necessary for the
attainment of the Board’s objectives. Ad hoc panels may be
established to carry out these special activities in which
consultants of special expertise may be used who are not members
of the Board.
3. OBJECTIVES AND RESPONSIBILITIES . The objective of the Board
is to provide independent advice to EPA’s Administrator on the
scientific and technical aspects of environmental problems and
issues. While the Board reports to the Administrator, it may
also be requested to provide advice to the U. S. Senate Committee
on Environment and Public Works or the U. S. House Committees on
Science and Technology, Energy and Commerce, or Public Works and
Transportation. The Board will review scientific issues, provide
independent scientific and technical advice on EPA’s major
programs, and perform special assignments as requested by Agency
officials and as required by the Environmental Research,
Develo nent, and Demonstration Authorization Act of 1978 and the
Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977. Responsibilities include the
following:
— Reviewing and advising on the adequacy and scientific
basis of any proposed criteria document, standard,
limitation, or regulation under the Clean Air Act, the
Federal Water Pollution Control Act, the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act, the Noise Control Act,
the Toxic Substances Control Act, the Safe Drinking
Water Act, the Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act, or any other authority
of the Administrator;
A-2
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— Reviewing and advising on the scientific and technical
adequacy of Agency programs, guidelines, methodologies,
protocols, and tests;
— Recommending, as appropriate, new or revised scientific
criteria or standards for protection of human health
and the environment;
— Through the Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee,
providing the technical review and advice required
under the Clean Mr Act, as amended in 1990;
— Reviewing and advising on new information needs and the
quality of Agency plans and programs for research,
development and demonstration.
— Advising on the relative importance of various natural
and anthropogenic pollution sources;
— As appropriate, consulting and coordinating with the
• Scientific Advisory Panel established by the
Administrator pursuant to section 21 (b) of the Federal
Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act, as amended;
and
— Consulting and coordinating with other Agency advisory
groups, as requested by the Administrator.
4. COMPOSITION . The Board will consist of a body of independent
scientists and engineers of sufficient size and diversity to
provide the ange of expertise required to assess the scientific
and technical aspects of environmental issues. The Board will be
organized into an executive committee and several specialized
committees, all members of which shall be drawn from the Board.
The Board is authorized to constitute such specialized
committees and ad hoc investigative panels and subcommittees as
the Administrator and the Board find necessary to carry out its
responsibilities. The Administrator will review the need for
such specialized committees and investigative panels at least
once a year to decide which should be continued. These committees
and panels will report through the Executive Committee.
The Administrator also shall appoint a Clean Air Scientific
Advisory Committee of the Board to provide the scientific review
and advice required by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990.
This group, established by separate charter, will be an integral
part of the Board • and its members will also be members of the
Science Advisory Board.
5. _____________________ . The Administrator appoints
individuals to serve on the Science Advisory Board for two year
terms and appoints from the membership a Chair of the Board. The
Chair of the Board serves as Chair of the Executive Committee.
; I i i;) ; i ; b* ; ‘ p i I I ; P 4 fr i
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chairs of standing committees or ad hoc specialized subcommittees
serve as members of the Executive Committee during the life of
the specialized subcommittee. Each member of the Board shall be
qualified by education, training, and experience to evaluate
scientific and technical information on matters referred to the
Board. No member of the Board shall be a full-time employee of
the Federal Government. Most members will serve as special
Government employees.
There will be approximately 50-60 meetings of the
specialized committees per year. A full—time salaried officer or
employee of the Agency will be present at all meetings and is
authorized to adjourn any such meeting whenever this official
determines it to be in the public interest.
Support for the Board’s activities will be provided by the
Office of the Administrator, EPA. The estimated total annual
operating cost will be approximately $1,689.0 and the estimated
Federal permanent staff support will be 14.6 workyears.
6. DURATION . The Board shall be needed on a continuing basis.
This charter will be effective until November 8, 1993, at which
time the Board charter may be renewed for another two—year
period.
7. SUPERSESSION . The former charter for the Science Advisory
Board, signed by the Deputy Administrator on November 8, 1989 is
hereby superseded.
OCT 04 1991
Approval Date
NOV -8 L991
Date Filed with Congress
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UNITED STATES ENViRONMENTAL PROTECTiON AGENCY
ADViSORY COMMITTEE CHARTER
ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS-COMMITTEES, bARDS, WNELB AND COUNCILS
Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee
of the Science Advisory Board
1. Pur ose : This charter Is reissued to renew the Clean Air Scientific Advisory
Committee of the Science Advisory Board In accordance with the requirements of
sectIon 9(c) of the Federal Advisory Committee Act, 5 U.S.C. App. I sec. 9 (c).
2. Authority : The Committee Is authorized under sectIon 10901 the Clean Air Act, as
amended EACTI, (42 U.S.C. 7409), arid the charter was renewed on August 6, 1979;
July 22. 1981; August 1,1983: July23, 1985; August 5, 1987; and August 7, 1989.
3. Oblactivç and Scooe of ActMtv : The Commllte shall provide Independent advice
on the sclentifsc and technical aspects of issues related to the criteria for air qu&
standards, research related to air quality, source of air pollution, and the ategles to
attain and maintain air quality standards and to prevent signiricant deterioration of air
quality. Th Committee shall hold meeth gs pellonr studies, make necessary site
visits, and undertake other activities necessary to meet Its responalbilitles. The
Committee will coordinate lt activities with other Committees of the Science Advisory
Board and may. as It deems appropriate, utilize the expertise of other committees end
members of the Science Advisory Board. Establishment of subcommittees Is
authorized for any purpose consistent with this charter The Committee wIfl report to
the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
4. FunctIons : The Committee will review criteria documents for air quality standards
and wilt provide Independent scientific advice W i response to the Agenc e request
and, as required by section 109 of the Act shafl:
Plot later than January 1,1980, and at live year intervals thereatter
complete a review of the criteria published under section 108 of the
Clean Air Act and the national primary and secondary ambient air
quality standards and recommend to the Administrator any new national
ambient sir quality standards or revision of e idst1ng criteria and standards
as may be appropriate,
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ADVISORY COMM JTEE CHARTER
• Advise the Adminlatrator of areas where additional knowledge is
required concerning the adequacy and basis of existing, new, or revised
national ambient air quality atandards,
- Deecribe the research efforts necessary to provide the required
torrnatIon.
• Advise the Mmtrilatrator on the relative contribution to air pollution
concentrations of natural as welles anthropogenic activity, and
- Advise the MmlnI ator of any adverse public heath, welfare, social,
economic, or energy effects which may result from various atrategles for
attainment and maintenance of such national ambient air quality
atandards.
•‘• 1
5. _________The Admh latrator will appoint a Chairperson and six
members Inciuding at least one member of the National Academy of Sciences, one
physician, and one person representing State air pollution control agencies for terms
up to four years. Members shall be persons who have demonstrated high levels of
competence, knowledge, and expertise In the acienttllcAechnical fields relevant to *
pollution and air quality issues. Members of the Committee become members of the
Science Advisory Board, and the Chairperson of the Committee, or his designee. shall
serve as a member of the Executive Committee of the Science Advisory Board. The
Committee will meet three to six times per year A full time salaried officer or employee
of the Agency will be present at all meetings and Is authorized to ad oum any such
meeting whenever this official determines It to be In the public internet. Support shall
be provided by EPA through the Offices of the Science Advisory Board. The estimated
annual operating coat totals approximately $185000 and two worlcyears of etaff
S. Duration : The Committee will be needed on a continuing basis. This tharter will be
effective until Auguat 711993 at which time the Committee charter may be renewed for
another two.year period.
AUG 7 1W /
Approval Date Deity AdmInistrator
Date Flied with Congress
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APPENDIX B
ORGANIZATIONAL CUART OF THE SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD
IN FY91
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SCIENCE ADViSORY BOARD
Committee Structure
RSAC
Alvin
Aim
Environmental Health Committee (EHC)
Research Strategies Advisory Comm. (RSAC)
Radiation Advisory Committee (RAC)
indoor Air Quality/Total Human Exposure
Committee (IAQC)
Executive
Committee
Raymond C Loehr
CASAC
Roger 0.
McClellan
I
I
I
EPEC
iC.nn.th
Dickson
EHC
Arthur
Upton
I I
DWC
William
Olaz•
EEC
Richard
Conway
I I
Cloan A Scientific Advisory Commltt.. (CASAC)
Ecological Procs.sss and Effects Committee (EPEC)
Drkiliklg Water Committee (DWC)
Environmental Engtn.srlng Committee (EEC)
RAC
Oddvar
Nygaard
IAOC
Morton
Llppmann
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APPENDIX C
STAFF SUPPORT AND COMMITTEE LEADERSHIP IN FY 91
Many of the following positions were filled by two people during the year as changes in
personnel or staff alignments were made. Where two persona occupied a position during the
year, both are listed. The latter n ne is the incumbent at the doss of FY 91.
Staff Direct or!s Office
Staff Director: Dr. Donald G. Barnes
Project Coordinator: Ma. JoRn’rn Foelliner
Secretary to the Staff Director: Me. Darlene Sewell
Clerk Typist: Ms. Lori Gross
Stay-rn-School Ma. LaShae Cardenas
Executive Committee
Chair: Dr. Raymond C. Loehr
Designated Federal Official: Dr. Donald G. Barnes
Staff Secretary: Ma. Darlene Sewell
Fairchild$Iaff Office
Assistant Staff Director: Mr. A. Robert Flaak
Program Assistant: Ms. Carolyn Osborne
Receptionist: Mrs. Barbara Spencer-Pulliam
Stay-in-School: Ms. lCi h1i1 Poesy
fljp in Air Scis ti e Adv sqiw ip ttei
Chair: Dr. Roger McClellan
Designated Federal Official: Mr. Robert Flank/Mr. Randy Bond
Staff secretary Ms. Carolyn Osborne
Chair: Dr. Willifim Glaze/Dr. Verne Ray
Designated Federal Official: Dr. Richard CothernfMr. Robert Flank
Staff Secretaiy’ Me. Darlene Sewell/Ma. Frances Dolby
C-’
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E 1o ica1 Processes and Effects Cornmitt
C. Dr. Kenneth Dickson
Designated Federal Official: Dr. Edward Bender
Staff Secretary: Ma. Frances Dolby/Me. Marcy Jolly
RIr,T flflt .a1 P t1 T1flD’ Th i4 t
Chair: Mr. Richard Conway
Designated Federai Official: Dr. Jack Kooyoon jian
Staff Secretary: Me. Marcy JoUy/Ma. Diana Pozun
Environmental Health Coimnittee
Chair Dr. Arthur Upton
Designated Federal Official: Mr. Samuel Rondberg
Staff Secretaiy Ma. Mary Winston
Indoor Air QualityftolaUlumnn Exposure Committee
Chair: Dr. Morton LippmAnn
Designated Federal Official: Mr. Robert Flask
Staff Secretary: Ms. Carolyn Osborne
Radiation Advisory Comynittee
Jhair Dr. Oddvar Nygaard
)esignated Federal Official: Mrs. Kathleen Conway
taff Secretary: Ma. Dorothy Clark
Research Strate $ea Advisor, Conimittee
air Mr. Alvin Aim
esignated Federal Official: Mr. Randy Bond
t.aff Secretary: Ma. Janice Jones
C-2
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APPENDIX D-DRA?r GUIDLINES FOR SERVICE ON THE
SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD
I. BACKGROUND
The Science Advisory Board (SAB) was established in 1974 by the AdminiR-
trator and in 1978 given a Congressional mandate to provide an independent
source of scientific and engineering advice to the EPA Administrator on the
scientific and technical underpinnings of Agency poeitiona.
The SAB consists of approximately 60 members, who are appointed by the
Administrator. These members serve on specific standing committees. The Chairs
of the Committees also serve as members of the Executive Committee, which
oversees all of the activities of the Board.
In inRny of its activities, the members of the Board are supplemented by the
use of consultants, who are appointed by the SAB Staff Director after conferring
with the Chair of the Executive Committee and the Chair of the Committee on
which the consultant is to serve. Also, on occasion, Panels will be supplemented
by “liaison members” from other governmental agencies. These people are invited
by the Staff Director to participate in an ad hoc manner in order to bring their
particular expertise to bear on a matter before the Board.
Both the Executive Committee and the permanent Committees may choose to
conduct issue-specific business through Subcommittees that are chaired by SAB
members. Reports from Subcommittees are reviewed by the respective permanent
Committees. The Executive Committee reviews all reports, independent of their
origin, prior to formal transmission to the Administrator. The sole exception is
reports from the Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee, which is a separately
chartered FACA committee.
fl. CRiTERIA FOR SEL LVIION OF MEMR1 RS AND CONSULTANTS
The SAB is chartered as a Federal Advisory Committee, subject to the rules
and regulations of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA) (Public Law
92-463). The charter provides guidance and restrictions on selection of SAB
members. The four most significant of which are:
D-1
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1. Members must be qualified by education, training and experience to
evaluate scientific and technical information on matters referred to
the Board.
2. The composition of Board committees, subcommittees and panels must be
“balanced”, representing a range of legitimate technical opinion on the
matter.
3. No member of the Board may be a fuiltime government employee.
4. Members are subject to conflict-of-interest regulations.
The scientific and technical quality and the credibility of those selected is
paramount and is the balance of technical opinion achieved. Secondary factors
considered include the geographic, ethnic, sex, and academic/private sector makeup
of committees. Other factors that contribute to, but do not determine, the
selection include demonstrated ability to work well in a committee process, write
well, and complete assignments punctually.
NominAtions for mernberahip/consultantahip on the Board are accepted at any
time. On a bi mnual basis, the SAB Staff Office publishes a notice in the Federal
Register formally soliciting the n ’nea of candidates for SAB activities.
IlL TP HMS OF
Members serve at the pleasure and by appointment of the Administrator. In
order to provide suitable terms of service and to insure the infusion of new talent,
the following guidelines are generally followed:
Members are appointed for two-year terms which may be renewed for two
additional consecutive terms. Chairs of the standing committees are also appoint-
ed for two-year terms which may be renewed for an additional term. If a member
is appointed as Chair, this term of service (2-4 years) is added to whatever term of
service he/she may accrue as a member. For evnm pie,
Years Followed by years Followed by years TOTAL
as member as Chair as member years
2 0 0 2
2 2or4 Oor2 4-6
4 2or4 0 6-8
6 2or4 0 8-10
Reappointment as a member is possible after a two-year hiatus from the SAB,
during which time the individual may be called upon to serve as a consultant for a
specific issue.
D-2
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Since consultanta are appointed to provide the necessary expertise for specific
issues, their terms of appointment are for one year, renewable annually. Their
formal appointments may be continued beyond completion of a given project so
that their expertise can be quickly assessed in future with a minimum of paper-
work.
In general, interagency liaisons participate for the term of issue resolution
only.
N. MRMBER AND CONSULTANT SELECTION PROCESS
Members are appointed by the Administrator based on nominAtions forwarded
by the SAB Staff Director and the Chair of the Executive Committee. These
nomituttions in turn are based on recommendations made by the Designated
Federal Official (DFO—the member of the SAB Staff with principal responsibility
for servicing standing Committees) and the Chairs of the standing Committees.
The DFO has the responsibility for developing a list of candidates, utilizing all
credible sources, including members of the SAB, other DFOs, EPA staff, staff at
the National Academy of Sciences\National Research Council, trade groups,
environmental groups, professional organizations, scientific societies, regulated
industries, and the informed public.
An ad hoc Membership Subcommittee of the Executive Committee has been
established to assist in the selection process. This group is consulted about
possible names and used as a “sounding board TM when decisions are being made
about appointments. The Membership Subcommittee’s principal role is to main-
tain the integrity of the process and to probe the extent to which objective
selection criteria and procedures are being followed. They also raise questions
about adherence to the Statement of Intent on Women and Minorities, adopted by
the Executive Committee in 1990.
Consultants are appointed by the Staff Director following much the same
procedure as for members with the exception that consultants are appointed to
address a epeciflc issue. This is addressed in more detail in the following section.
V. PANEL SELECTION PROCESS
In general, once the Board and the Agencyhave agreed upon a topic for SAB
review, the subject is assigned to one of the standing Committees. The Committee
Chair and the DFO have primary responsibility for forming a review Panel (the
Committee or Subcommittee, as the case may be.) The Panel will contain some or
D-3
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all members of the Co,nn,ittee. In mpny Instances, consultants may also be added
to the Panel in order to obtain specialized expertise on the particular issue under
discussion.
A key aspect in the Panel selection process is the “charge”, the mutually
agreed upon description of what the Agency would like the review to accomplish
and/or what the SAB expects to focus upon. The most helpful charge is one that
prescribes specific areas/questions that need attention and/or answers. At a
minimum, the elements of the charge should be sufficiently precise that the SAB
can determine what additional consultant expertise is needed to conduct the moat
helpful review.
Often the D ’O will begin by soliciting ideas about potential members from the
Agency staff who are intimntely acquainted with the issue and will often be aware
of the moat informed people. A conscious effort is made to avoid selecting
individuals who have had a substantive hand in the development of the document
to he reviewed. At the same time, experience has shown the utility of having
some representation from individuals/groups who may have been involved in prior-
review of the ismie or the document. The goal is to tninimi e the appearance or
practice of an individual’s reviewing his/her own work, while at the same time,
tnsinteining an historical link to earlier deliberations surrounding the docu-
mentlissue. Once the Agency staff has suggested nominees and provided back-
ground information on the individuals, their direct role in the panel selection
process is complete. Agency staff, the requesting office, and others, may be
consulted at a later stage for information about nominees received from other
sources.
The goal is to gather a balanced group of experts who can provide an inde-
pendent assessment of the technical matters before the Board. Discrete inquiries
about the nominees are made with a number of different sources. This might
include, for x mple, mnking inquiries with editors of newsletters, professional
colleagues, and experts who are on “the other side” of the issue. As time and
resources permit and controversy demnnds, names of nominees will be investigated
via computer search of their publications and pronouncements in public meetings.
Of course 1 adeterinining factor is often the avaThtbility of the individual to
participate in the public review. However, in the case of multiple-meeting reviews,
the SAB will enlist the assistance of a particularly skilled consultant who cannot
attend all meetings, but who is willing to do additional homework and/or partici-
pate via conference call.
D-4
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In some cases, the Panel Chair consults with key members of the Panel for
their advice before completing the empaneling process. The final selections for
consultants are compiled by the DFO in conjunction with the Chair of the Panel
and are submitted to the SAB Staff Director for discussion and appointment.
VL CONFLICT-OF-INTEREST AND PUBLIC DISCWSUBE
The intent of FACA is to construct a panel of knowledgeable individuals who
are free of conflicts-of-interest. In this regard, each Panel member must complete
a confidential finRncial information form that is reviewed by the Deputy Ethics
Officer to determine whether there are any obvious conflicts-of-interest. Legal
conflict-of-interests generally arise in connection with “particular party matters”.
in general, the SAB (in contrast with the FIFRA Scientific Advisory Panel
(SAP)) does not get involved in “particular party matters”; hence, legal conflicts-of-
interest are rare on the SAB. However, technical conflicts-of-interest can arise,
particularly for participants from academic institutions, in connection with Panel
recommendations for additional research studies. In moat such cases, the DFOs
work with the Panel members to apply for waivers from the conflict-of-interest
concerns on this matter. The requests for waivers are evaluated on a case-by-case
basis by EPA’s Office of the General Council. (The Agency generally determines
that the benefits to the country derived from these experts’ recommendations for
additional research, outweigh any technical conflict-of-interest that might be
involved.)
However, the Board is also concerned about “apparent conflicts-of-interest”.
Consequently, consultants to the Panel are generally selected from the “broad
middle” spectrum of opinion on the technical issue under discussion. Experience
has shown that achieving bkknce through equal representation of extreme views
reduces the chance of achieving a workable consensus—pro or con—that the Agency
needs to more forward.
The “public disclosure” process is a mechanism aimed resolving the apparent
conflicts-of-interest issues. This procedure involves an oral statement (sometimes
Panel members supplement this with a written document) that lays out the
individual’s connection with the issue under discussion; e.g., his/her area of
expertise, length of experience with the issue, sources of research grants, previous
appearance in public forms where he/she might have expressed an opinion, etc.
This recitation of prior and/or continuing contacts on the issue assists the public,
the Agency, and fellow Panel members in assessing the background from
-------
which particular individual’s comments spring, so that those comments can be
evaluated accordingly. Public disclosure is a standard part of all SAB Panel
meetings.
VIL CONCLUSION
These Guidelines are intended to assist the SAB in adhering to the ,nsrndates
and spirit of the Federal Advisoiy Committee Act. By following these Guidelines
the Board should be well-positioned to provide technically.eound, independent,
bsilnnced advice to the Agency. At the same time, they provide assurance that
there will be adequate participation by and renewal with well-qualified experts
from the various communities served by the Board.
D-6
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APPENDIX E
SAB MRMBERS AND CONSULTANTS IN F? 91
E-1
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Pagelb. 1
WI8/91
ALPHABEr c LISTDE
SIDtE JI9 Y B RD
W1 Lant P4 First N CaTrIttees
N Ale Alvin L. Director aad Swnor Vice Presid t
Sciance A 1icati Internat. Corp.
1710 ridge Drive RB1 C
McLean, VA 22102
N Arx3ers Prof of Geology
University of Wis sin
Naeks Nail, 4 225
Mad sce, WI 53706
14 Auerbath Stanley Ca ultant/ Env Sci Divis1
Oak Ridge Natiosal Laha
Mail St 6036 Bldg. 1505
Oak Ridge, IN 37831—6036
N Boesch Director. Ctr Estuarine Studies
University of Nary1 Eyst
Post Oftine 8 c 775
Ceitridge, K) 21613
N Bull Richard Prof thair, Phars . T c. Graduate DC
washingt i State 1Mw. /Phareacy cXillege
Pufl.man , 99163
N Carlson Gary P. Prof of il cicology DC
Purdue University DL
1334 R.E.Heine Phar.
Mast Lafayette. IN 49707—1334
14 Cares eith S. Director of Mater Quality DC
Enet Bay Municiapi Utility District
375 11th Street
Oaklaad, CA 94607
14 Car iter George F. P r/ iperf si Pre- ia1
Michigan Dept of Natural Baneruces
P0 B c 30028
l 48909
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Pagett. 2
12 /l a m ’
ALPXAStTIC LISTlIC
WtE ADVI Y S RD
NC last Has First Naiie suttees
H Cana Glen it Prof of &ivir$iechamcal gineer.
Cal ifornia Instatuth of Thdu ilogy
Mail e 138—18
Pasadena, 91125
N Cli £ tat rally Prof of Ntsan (Meology t Radiology P l C
Univer. of Wisamsin’tliswi
600 Hiqttlaai Avenue
MañL 1, WI 53792
N r.ey Rithard A. Senior Cwpu&at.e Fellcw Ut
V inc i , Carbide itpaticai
3200 EsiSm l’unipk.
S sth aiarlentat, WV 25303-0361
N er William S. Prof & their of 2alogy Department
Nidugan State University
203 Natural Science Building
East Lancing, Ill 48624
H Cortese Antiniy 0. Dean, Envwac.ental Prcyrsen
tufts University
Carts Hall RRI
Nedford, NA 02115
N asisey Jowt 14. Sr Scientist, Irózr Mr Qual Prog
Lsvrence Berkeley Lakoratory
Die Cyc.1otra Bead 90—3058
Berkeley, Di 94720
H Delal l s Paul F. su1tsvt
11215 Wilding Lane
Ibstat, U 77024-5308
N W i XatL L. Director, last of A lisl Scisias
University of Pbrtb T s
E Bl , IM 47t
t tthn, U 76203-3078
E-3
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Pa9e14). 3
12/18/91
ALPWIBETIC LESTI?13
I Y BOARD
14 ./C Last ?4 C ittees
H Galls Prof of v. I iMty Medicine
ert tod J lii ii Medical Sth l
675 Mees Lane
Piscat. y, NJ 08854
H Glaze William O air, Dept of F w Science S Eng
Univ tbrth Carolina/Sch Public Health
enau Hall 087400
thapel Hill, ?C 27599-7400
H Haszbrlght D r, Burea i of Mr a1lty Caitrol CA IC
Dept of ivai tal Rescerces
Meuse & thestruxt St.
Harriskmrg. PA 17120-2357
N Har.mll Hark A. Assec Prof of Marine aed Atnes Sci
University of Miami
4600 R.ickcnbacker Ca my
Miami, FL 33149—1098
14 Huggett Rebert J. Prof. Sdicel of Marine Sciences
CoLt of William & Mary/VA let Mar Sci
105 Raymend Drive
C1ou ter Point, VA 23062
E.Marshall Prof S thair of Dept of Anatcy DC
Jeffersen Med ical College
1020 Locust St. *520
F1dlade1 ua, PA 19107
M 1 adiel Senior Mu’iaor
Puke I Associates, Inc.
2707 th L Went/e4ta 960
U 77008
H Ke Devid 0. Prof of Patkel.ogy Sth. of Medicine DC
University of brtti Carolina ( *7525)
515 Brinkh e Buliitt B1 .
Diapel Hill, IC 71514
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Pegetb. 4
12/l8/ 1
N P7OBL rIC L1STI
mc
N/C Last e Fir3t Hane rittees
14 Kizi Nancy K. Dir, Div of Eriv Health Assensient
Hew York Department of Health D C
2 University Place
Albany, NY 12203—3313
N Kimono Rithazd A. Senior Science FeU
* swit0 crsçany
800 N Lindbergh Blvd
St. I w.s. I( 63167-5642
N Latios Victor 0. Prof of T ., iv Health Sci. Ctr.
University of Rochester Hedica.1 Center
Rochester, NY 14642
N Li aan Prof of va w enta1 I4edicine
NY Univ Nadical Center/Inst of Env Nad
I Hee Road
NY 10987
N Lothr Ra} ld C. H. N Atharthy Cent. air/Prof.
Univer. T as/a1vin/Nater Ros
Engineering PL LwI 9.102 I J
A t3.n. U 78712-1076
N Nartiji James Aen. Prof of Radiological Health
Univ of 1(icMgan
6th001 of Public Health
Na Artor,flI 48109
N J tai i O viame Prof of EpifHygiene 4 Public Health RAC
Johns Ho ins University
617 Herth * fe St.
Baltimore. * 21205
N M iol1m* Roger 0. President
Uimoical ladvetry Inst. of T cies1egy
6 f vis Drive
Romeardi Triangle Pk, P C 27709
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PapePb. S
12/18/91
ALPH .BrrIC LISIIK
ID J DV I 1 B0?IRD
First N ie ttees
N Meyer (R ) H. ert RAC
750 E Park Or, &nte 200
Harrin irg, PA 17111
Sr Nan ./Envircalnent Div
EleCtric Pa’er Research Institute
3412 HiUview ?venie
Palo Alto, CA 94303
Prof of Ratho1 y RAC
University h pita1s of Cleveland
298 bingt Heal
Cleveland, 01 44106—5000
P1 O1 Betty H. Professor
University of Califomis—Irvine
PL J L in Social E logy
Irvine, CA 92717
K Gilt rt Dean I Prof of Public Health
Univ of Washingt VSdi of Public Health
—3D
Seattle, W 98195
N Peters Fredenea Prof of Public Health
Co1 ie Univ/School of Public Health
60 N . Haven 8/U109
Nev York, N T 10032
N Pthl Ftudi ti Prof of mEvn.eata1 igineering
th iversity of Pit z rgh
1140 B Mail
Pittsburgh , PA 15261—2294
N Radike Martha J. . Assoc Prof, Inst of Ezw Health
University of Clncu nati ica1 11e9e
3223 E an Avssue
Cineinsati, 01 45267
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12/18/91
N. BLt1C LISTIN
AThfl BOARD
WC L t Nnee First P e s e ttees
N Pay Verne A. Sr Tech Mvisor, Drug Safety Dzv. DC
Pfi r Inc.
Eastern Point V
Crotne, cr 06340
N Risser Paul G . VP of Ac nic Mfairs/Prw t
University of New P aro
Sd’ioies 4a11, c i 108
A1 iquerque, M I 87131
N b rts Paul Prof of Eavirui ... nta1 Engineering
Stanford Umversity— pt. Cwil Engut.
Ter Pay. Oseter
Stanford, 94305—4020
N Saset J athan K Prof of ) Iicise
New N aee Ti r Registry
900 Cseino DeSali
A1 a uezque. P11 87131
K Sd ker Kerr B. Prof of ( ip a i1 Fiiv ) iic1se
University of California—Davis
VL 95616
N E ttro Richard Sr Scientist, Imleer ?ir ia1 Prog MC
Lner ee Berkeley Lakeratory
BuiUing 90. Rene 3058
Berkeley, 94720
K P1 *th Neltar Presideet
• lee. do
8750 Geergi. Ave.
Silver riag, O 20910
N Saall KItdmLi Past Prof of Civil Pagimering
Carnegie NeUrn Univ.
Sth ay Park
Pittsbzz*. PA 15213
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Page b. 7
12/18/91
A1.P BL7tC LISTING
gm i A WI Y BOARD
M ,’ Leat N e First Neae ittees
N oeyink Vernne L. Prof of Civil Engineering
Univeraity of Illineis
205 H. Mathei Ave.
Urbana, X L 61801
N 5 sey Mark D. Prof of Microbiology D C
University of Mactb Carolina
7400, senau 106
apel Hill, PC 27599
N eng1er Jol D. Prof of Envircivental Health
Harvard Univer/Sd o1 of Public Health
665 H tftigt Ave.
tne , I 02115
N Stolwijk Jan Prof of Epidea & Public Health
Yale thuversityfSct 1 of P eine
60 College S eet
New Haven, CT 06510
N 6y J s N. Director, thu Engineerrag Pr . i 1W
University of Houatne
H istne, 77204-4791
N Uptea Arth* C. Director, Inst of Env Medicine DC
NY University Medical Center
550 First Avenue
York, NY 10016
N UteU Prof of Medicine 1 dro1ogy
Univ of Hethester/ edica1 iter
692
He ter ,. NY 14642
II Voifleque Paul C.
NiP Risk ? .‘—‘— it , Inc.
591 Park Ave (301)/Ben 50430
Idako Falls, ID 83405-0(30
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P ePb. 8
12/18/91
AP BLTIC LISTVC
A fl Y BOARD
Nit Lent N First H e inittees
N Ward C. Herb thair Dept of Dw Science S Fi g
Rice Uxdversity
P0 B c 1892. 6100 S I4ain St.
U 77251
N Weiss Prof of Th,dcology DC
Univ of Unchester Medical Center
Bes D
chester. NY 14642
N Wesel ki thief • Air S 1r mtrtal Hygiene Lab
California Dept of Health
2151 Berkeley Way
Berkeley, CA 94704
N b1ff George T. Princi ml Heseerch Scientist
General Metors Heeearth tAhn
BL c 9055
)U 48090
N Me J S. Prof of Building tructien IAQC
Virginia Polytechnic lest & State Univ
He. 117 Burruss Nail
B1ad sbjrg. VA 24061-0156
K Wy7.ga Pro &cii Ngr. Health Stiiiies Prog. DC
Electric Pcier Research Institute
3412 Hi1lvi Ave/PO B c 10412
Palo 1iito CA 94303
E—9
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Pagetb. I
12/18/91
ALPHME7IC L1STDC
ID E A /I 3RY B0A
P4/C Last t First Pl e vnitteas
C Abrsh i Prof of Zrology
University of Wzsc in
1117 W. Jch St.
P adis t, WI 53706
C Abrio1a-4 r Assoc Prof of Envircumental Eng.
University of Michigan
116 Eng 1-A Building
Aim A r, MI 48109-2125
C M Vice Pres, Aquatic Pw wu Div
ABC Laboratori as
7200E ABC Lane
Col,.mbia, l 65205
C Mars Barry J. Prof of Civil Engineering
University of Tora to
35 St. Gasrge Street
Tor ito, tario JV DA )6S IM
C M’ i Ira R.
University of Minnesota
204 Hodsoc Hail
St. Paul, ) l 55108
C Al d Abdul Ken
ittee for NIE
730 11th Street, N.W.
b b.,OC 20001
c A1 Jat Prof of A i ney
Corsell University
708 Brbdf laid Hall
1th , Mt 14853
C Reaearth Prof easer Envir. Medicine
Ha York University Medical Cent
Hoed
TieasA, Mt 10987
E—1O
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12/18/91
ALPi BETIC LISTI)G
&i ADVI ? BOARD
aJGJL1
lVt Leat N First N ittoes
C 3ncer-J4i , . u Betsy Vke Pree, Fnvitni tal ? ctivities
30400 rd
rree, MI 48090—9015
C Ai )e1 w Julian B. Prof of D vi ju, .itA1 Health
Univeristy of Pittsburgh
130 soto St. A716
Pittsburgh. P 15261
C Aivierson Senior Scientist
ica1 Ivsb tries Institute of T c.
6 vis Drive, 90 B t 12137
Research Triangle 9k. PC 27109
C karen ?izi ers W. Prof of ø mistry/Water Latoretory
University of Wis isin
660 N. Part St.
WI 53715
C 7,ngle Professor of Pediatriea CAPC
University of Ne aska Redical Center
600 B th 4 d Street
aha, t 68198
C Ayres St ien K. Dean, School of Nedicüm
I iica1 CeUege of VW s.ee1th Univ.
C565
Ridr. . .uil , VA 23298
C Baroe1 a Michael . 7. Dir., Inst. for ter Seien
b eteu1 Itidugan University
Be. 1021 ?ri e Hall
MI 49008
C Bertell St Research StaWEINiron. Scianea Div
k Ridge Hatiesal La rstozy
90 B c 2008
Ridge, Th 37831—6335
E-1].
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Pagetb. 3
12/18/91
ALPH EE IC LISTDC
BCID Y W
Thf1
N/C Last Mesa First Mesa 1ttees
C Bates David Prof Seeritus of Nedicine/Epides P l C
5804 Falrview Crane
Van iver BC V611G6
C Bedford
rne11 Univer.. Dept. of Natural Res r
206B Fern Hall
Ithaca, NY 1485.3
C B o4 Neal thief, Dlv. of din. Pharseenlogy Th C
Univ. California, Gui Fran. Gui. Nanpit. EIS
1001 Potrero A .
San Franc2s , 94110
C Berkodtz Joan B.
Parkas. Berk 4tz E Co.
2828 ui Ave P1 305
Wanhingtes, D 20007
C B1ad Jeffery Senior Scientist
Tethnolc ian
1500 Looat i Dr.
iadw, )C) 21152
C B x J A. fl aes1Ogist DC
Qieai .cal. Irdustry Inst. of T dcolcgy
6 Davis Drive
f IP, C 27709
C B eau Philli * Direc of Gen Gel • Research S
Qienjea of the eui O initiee
200ThjedeLaLoi
1049 Brussels, .GI1I
C Br iiay Nicheal ii DC
Batteu.e Pacific tel L ra es
Pant Off i Boa 999
Ridgon& i 99352
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Pagetb. 4
12/l8 ’91
ALPH 5L7IC L lsrvG
mwct w warv
ava
It Last Mesa Firot Nese C vnttees
C Bremsi Eileen C. Prof ritus of Plant Pathology
Rutgers Un iversity
Martin Hall, He 213, P0 Bca231
New Bngsiick, NJ 08903
C Brierley carole thief, bw Pw uel reit
Neicoit MetaLlurgical Services
417 Wakara Way, 8210
Salt Lake City, U I 84108
C Bram Staçiian Project Manager RAt
WiZUI O)qscJLatxal
4350 N. Fairfax Dr. &iita 300
Washington, 20007
C Bryan George T. Prof S Dir of Ibaan CMcology DC
Univ. Wtsc.uisin/Gei. din. Research Ctr.
600 thghlazd Avenue
Madison, WI 53792
C Buff jar Patri c ia D C
univ of Ta/School of public Health
PD Bat 20185
Houeton, ‘1% 77225
C Burke Ibonen A. Met Prof of Public Health DC
Jthns Hopkins Univ/Sdi of Hygiew wet PH
624 trth Bro ey He 551
Batticre, 21205-1901
C ms Prof of Medicine tAX
University of ui/San Diego Medical Ctr
ZZ H. Dichimaz St. 1072<
See Diego, 92203-1990
C fl C. çSrd Vice Presideet
Syst Aççliatias The.
101 las Valley M.
San Rafael, 94903
E- 13
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Pa Pb. 6
12/18/91
ALPHABE7IC LIBTIPt
IDtE 1 Y B RD
W&JLT NIS
N/C L t N First N e itta
C Cl ceri ?ssoc Prof
Raneseleer Polytedruc 1i statute
POt 236
Troy, NY 12181
C Celveli Rita R. President
Maryland Biotech Institute/Univ of PD
. 1123, Micro. Bid
Cellege Park. 10 20742
C C er pt Anatcry S Cell Biology
CLA/Sdioo1 of Medicine
I ? nge1es. 90024
C tansa Prof or EPEZ
Untv of Marylaa1/O,easal ake Rio Lab
90 Bcac 38
Sol is. K) 20688-0038
C Crandall F ezd D. Prof of ) icirtce
University of S ithers California
2025 2a a1 Ave. — C9 Wl1-900
Lee 7 rige1es. 90033
C Crapo .I D. Prof of Medicine
pike University Medical Canter
90 3177
Durhse. Pt 27710
C c tt Warren B. Consultant
i esiica1 iy -
1897 &nldzng
Nidl ed. XI 48567
C Cr Neimy S. Vise President D C
Cl nt International
1201 Gaines Street
Li 11270
E—14
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Paget . S
12/18/91
P.LPHrIC LISTII 3
B IP2 E DVISIR f 80N
JLT S
P 1/C Lest P4 First N e
C Butler Janis C. President
J.C. Butler & Msociates, Inc.
2928 Arnold Avenue
Sa1ina I 67401
C Ca1A U Nartyn H. Professor, Enology Center
Utah Stats Uni rsity
Logan, UT 84322-5230
C Ce1v rt Jack U. Atees theniatry DIV
Hat u a1 Ctr for At Mr Reoearth
180 Table Mesa Dr.
Boulder, 80307
C Carteright
Bural Rt. 1, Bor 14SF
I8nte Heath, Ii. 61884
C 2 & ers Janice S. Prof of Biological Sciesess
NiBsiesiWi State University
P0Dr .vGY
Mi 1ss1 1 State, P 39762-5759
C tha an Peter N. Farther
EVA C teata, Inc.
195 P ert i Ave
N. Vanesuver, B.C. OJ U V7P 4
C t 4w ts J Ju)j Macc Prof of Peliatries
P1ev dy b tltete
704 North Broa dey
Ba1i re , ) ) 21205
C Clar’ C. Sestt Prof of vi . , te1 Health CA C
Univ. of Cthcimiati MethesI Center
crnciimeti , c i 45267-0056
E—15
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ALPHABETIC LISTI7
AD Y SOARD
H/C Last Name First Name Casnittees
C Curran-Snith Anita S. Aast for CUnical Affairs CA
1 bert ) od J 1 i Medical Sc 1
Die Meb. l xd Johnson P1 QU9
N Bp. Aick, NJ 08903-0019
C Cywin Consulting gineer
5 La street Lane
Savannah. 31411
C C I±erdt Walter Sciantist Sonior Manager
National Ctr for At,ou ieric Research
3100 Marine St. R252
B ziJ.der. 80307—3000
C Degirsanjian Prof of Pharmacology & T ac. DC
University of lo.zisville
Louisville, KY 40292
C Devidson James II. Dean for ResfDzr Fl. Ag q Station
University of Florida-X}7,S
1022 H arty Hail
Gainesville, FL 32611
C Dean rt C. Prof of Coastal S 0rea1 ra iic g
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32605
C Deai Richard Sciastist, Trades themicalz
lViL Ital Def iee Fiied
1616 P Street M4
Weshingtan. 20036
C !*utdi J ui K.
Nassadnieetts 1n titute of Technology
BId9. *3. 208
Cambridge. W i 02139
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PageI . 8
1Z’18/91
ALP10BETIC LI Ifl
K/V L t N e Pirst H e C ra ttees
C DiGiavanni J n Asooc Prof of Carclr en s RAC
Univ of T s, 14) Maero i Can r Oitr
151 Ho1 e .
77030
C DICiuJ.io Rid a rd Assoc Prof of a,tc a logy
J ke UniversityfSch. of the vi t
Dirtiem, I C Z7706
C D1 Gary L. Aesoc Dir, them Her Aso 1 nt Div D C
- Remerath rp.
t4errili Lane
Syrac o, HY 13210—4080
C D1i l bort E. mnetitute of At 1ie c Physi
Univer. of An a
PASBIdg , 542
Tu on, AR
C Dxk .y ig1as W. Prof of Eiwir HeelthfEpidemrolcgy
Harvard UniversityfScti. of Public Health
665 Hwitii tcn ? ve. BldgI.1414
Demtcm, 1Q 02115
C Drew bert T. DlnctoL. I
3Iemr1 i Petrolei mrotitute
1220 L Street, t
Wemhui t i, DC 20005
C ft Senioc StatisUctem
. 4 N .Utj08
1700 Ham Street
Santa Ibuem, CA 90407
C ft e
Tectmical Resemrres 1 Inc.
d East Bay Blvd.
i1f Bg e , FL 32561
E—17
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Page 9
12/38/91
ALPXABL7IC USTIIC
WC ADVIStRY BOARD
I C Lest P e First Nase nitteus
C D rk1n Patrick ft. Director, Qitr themical HazeS Ass.
Syraame Reseerdi Carporatles
Merrill Lane
Syracuse, M V 13210
C Dysart, UI Eeijwnin C Prof. Divizuifi wr Rescurses big.
Cl 6cm University
401 RSôes Dig Res. Ctr.
29634—0919
C Eataigh t 1befl Prof of thenistry
Bnghsn Yasig University trs
276 PB pt. of Themstry
Pr , trr 84602
C Enterline Philip Prof of Biestatistica at
University of Pittsbirgh
130 l 6oto Street (Crabtree)
Pitts&zrgh, PA 15621
C Ervin thnstine
Dre i tepertsest of biergy
626 Itneri St, It
icrtlaed, Ut 97310
C biutg Des B. Retired Prof esser Dieritue
4374 cedar Place
Li i Island, th 98262—8672
C c.on.c Laurence Assee Prof of D i v health Sciences DIC
Joisie 14*ins Univ/Sdi of )I)igiene I PH
615 0. Idle Street
Baltice, 10 21M
C Feero Presid e nt
Electric eerdi and Nenageesit
or 165
Stats 11sge, PA 16804
E -18
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10
12/18/91
ALPMPBE7IC LISTIW
AD T1 Y 80 J D
K/C L t P First N e Cotr ttees
C Ford Unvie 1. Divisicm Vice Presld it
Drvts I.. Ford lissociates
701 B — &iite 550
A tin, C 78701
C Frank l bert N. Prof of Env Health Sciences C7 C
Jo v s H ikins Univ/Sth of Hygiene & PH
615 N. Wolfe Street
Balti re. K) 2L )S
C Frs ian A. Ityridi Prof of Eocrccs
8 in Co e
Brus idi, 04011
C Friu11 er Acting air for then. Eng.
University of California at Lee Mgeles
5531 Soelter Nail
Los Mgelns, 90024
C Frzead James P. Prof pf aiemistry
Dr 1 University
Ptd1w3eL iia, PA 19104
C Gad ayne C. Director of ) ica1 Affairs D C
Tenting Services
21 t vis Dr.
Keseerth Triangle Pk, tC 27709
C GdUas) r Joim Pxof of Mrtro BioLogy & BLo
University of 1 1 re 4 Coil of Her Sd
700 Pi1ottom Unad
La . 19958—138
C Se1l sy James N. Prof of Dwir ta1 Sciences
University of Virginia
Ciedi Nail
ø ar1ottee il1e. VA 22903
E—19
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Page Pb. 11
12/18/91
ALPHABETIC LISTUC
ACa BOARD
IVt Last N e P i ist n ittees
C isel Theaas A. Prof of sm , Health Scienros D C
Univensty of Itchester/ t ical ter
575 Elacod Ave. i 44951
Th,d tsr , H? 14642
C Guitile Jases N. 1 an, Nat Sciwices/Prof of Biolcqy ThC
)tçe CoLlege
HoiStS, N i 494223
C Oaths Ciarles P. Prof of lucrobiology
University of Ari a
BuiidM 90
AZ 85721
C Gi ai Jases C. IbCLNC Global Director D C
Regulatory, Ttsacology, Dwirai ML airs
9002 PurduePd —QSIV
bxhanapolas, IN 46268-1189
C Giletti Brwm 3. Prof of Gwlogical Sciei RAC
Bract University
Prwida ea, RI 02912
C OilJntt Prof I Dir 4 Inst of c & &w T c
cornel l University, IT!’
16 Feto Nail
Ithaca, NY 14853-3001
C Ginevwt Nidiaei RAt
6850 Versar O tc
ingf aId, VA 22151
C (kiltthin ert A. Ps 9 sw Isiager II D a t
Electric Po’er ardi Institute
10 B c 10412
Palo Alto, 94303
E—20
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1Z’1B/91
JILP) 8ET1C LISTIPt
9127a AlWI Y BOARD
GJLTh S
N/C Lest 1 e First ? e Oomittees
C 1 tein Prof & thair, Einv &: Wedicine DC
Habert Wxd Joh 1 Sdiool of Medicine
675 ) es Lane
Piscat y, NJ 08854-5635
C 0 Q 1.Dn I nie1 Prof of Biology
Pb’ tAna State University
Louis Hall
Bozenan, icr 59717
C ibrdne Gilbert DC
C Dough Mld es1
Of fine of Scianne and Tedvx logy Ass .
Weshu tou, DC
C Ooyer Prof of Pathology/Health Sri thtr DC
University of Western itario
J ..oró xt. Doterto C31 N6A Wi
C Grahen Doyle 0. Does of Medical ucat ca
Do Univetsityfl4edicel ter
Bor 3005
Dirhea, PC 27710
C Green Doorge P Manager, Elec ratla Sezvi
Public Servine esy of Do3or
5900 Lest 39th St.
B0 7
C Crast Senior Scientist
Methral Me Dofenen il
1440 Men York veiM—S. 300
Weshiag . DC 20005
E—2 1
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12/18/91
ALPHABETIC LISTI?G
ID E AWI Y B RD
N/C I t Ness First Ness nittees
C Grelecki Chester President, Chief Scientist
Hazards Research tiai
200 Valley ad (301)
I mt klingten, 143 07856
C Gr i xu3 David I. indoor Mr Qual Prog
Lawrence Berkisy Laixiratoty
Building 90, 1 3058
Berkeley. 94720
C Hackney Jack 0. viu. tal Health Services/P 51
Rand Los Ami Helical Center
7601 E. Imperial Hwy
D3eiey, i 90242
C Haimes YaWV Y. Ctr . Risk I t. of D g Syst
University of Vir9lnia
Dill Thornten Hall
Charlottesville, ‘1k 22903
C Hall Renald J. Senior Research Scientist I Lender
itario HinistEy of the Enviru eent
I rset Research Chtr. Bcsc 39
Ibreet, 1tanO NPW. 1E0
C H ii Paul B. Prof of Envw.., utal Health
Univ of Cincim ati/Kettering Lab
3223 Eden Ave.
Cincinnati • QI 45267-0056
C H 6 Mtharina Asat Prof. Fenily & mity Red.
Univ Messathi etts Medical Sd o1
55 Lake kv n e lbrth
* ter. W 4 01655
C H i Larry C. Prof of Trrdcolcgy
Univ of IL-Urbana/Coil of Vet Nedith
2001 Sooth Linooln
Urbana, U. 61801
E—22
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Page)b. 14
12/18/91
M h1 BEflC tisrun
1DtE XWI Y BQkRC
ULTM15
IVC Last Nase First W mnittees
C nwmas Fred Director
0reg Dept. Envin.tusentel Wailty
a u auth West 6 Ave
Port.Isd, a 97204-1390
C Hardy Raith W.V. Pz ident,
Doyce Th.-’r”.i I nst. for Plaflt Research
Reed
jtjtaca, NY 14853
C Harley 3dm H. Private R N :
P.O. btzc P4-268
tttr, H 07030
C Harris Jatth C. V ice Preside,t
Rrthur D. Little, Inc.
191-315 crai Park
Cedaridge, 02140
C Harshbaz9er 3dm Dir, Registry in trots WAniaals
Siithsesian Institutes
Nattcmal *mesl of Nat History
btashingtai. X 20560
C Hartaig Reif Prof of Dma iuastal 1taccology
un iv of NidugaiV D iv & led Health
313 Pennc Avwiua
Aim Arr, IC 48108
C B&m Will is 3. tasaltait
6912 8. FiSi Lake S
Maple Groves S 55369
C Heath C isA Vies Pros, Epi £ Statistios RN:
Aserican Cancer Scety
1599 Cliftai M.. C
At lanta, 30329
E—23
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12/18/91
PI4ABETIC L1STD
9mcE ix w I :
P VC i t N ittees
C Heàaan Paul Prof of themical Engineering
Bringhem Y nig University
Pr o, 1?? 84602
C Henry ma1d C. Prof of Civil Engineering
uniwmity of Southern Cahfornia
3620 8. Ver t Ave
L Ingeles. CA 90089—2531
C Hereh d l ..Llen senior Scientist
Natural Hesources Defense Council.
40 t 20th Street
N York. NY 10011
C }iidy chair, Envir ,t Division
Electric Pr eardi Inetitute
3412 )4illviaw Ave.
Palo Alto, CA 94103
C Hirsch Allen A. Director, I Offiem
Ki st Research Inetitute
5109 Les Irg Pike, Suite 414
PaUa church. !A 22041
C Sites xiaId A. Prof of Public ar Fziv Affairs
I,diana University
Reem 41
Bloesington, u 47405
C I 1e Jthn E.
The Ecosystees ter
Kane Biological Laboratory
lb s Ible, P . O 4i
E-24
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Page lb. 16
12/18 /91
ALPIU BErIC LISTIIG
mct AD I Y BOMD
li/C l t )l First N nittees
C lbod aid D. Prof of Biological Sciences DC
University of Alabsee
Ttocalrosa AL 35457-0344
C Houny Karryll.
liT State C pt of Env Conservauen
50 lblfe fb, 1
Albany, NY 12233
C 1 Q Ibiter
1415 Bcçp
St. 1js is, 111 63131
C flulebak Karen L. Manager
Envirir q tatiir
4350 Ibrth Fairf c Drive
Arlingtce, VA 22203
C H Jrç*ireyB Lloyd 0. Prof Enerit*
University of Iilinois
603 Last t nie1
D aspaign. IL 61820
C Hiswaker Carolyn Env Sciestiet. Env Sciences Div
k Ridge Natural Laboratory
Enviren. Sciences D
k Ridge, Th 37831—6035
C ar I 1f B. Prof of Ibdianical Engineering
o aro ings Dr.
St. Iris, 10 63130—4899
Jay S. Plant Physiologtat
B en Institete
T r Ho
Ithaca, Iii 14850
E—25
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Pa ePb. 37
12/18/91
ALPHABLTIC 1.XSfl7C
K /C Last Neas First Neae asttees
C Jarlwi i ital igineer
1aheaa Air Rasources Heard
C*laheaa City, OC 73139
C Jenkins Kei ieth Director, I 1 Ecology Institute
California State univeraity
La g 8ead . CA 90840
C . k1t k , I s 0. Prof of Env Sciences & Engineering
University of I brth Carolina
thapel Hill. t 27514
C JQhJD ? sst. Dir. AL u .rjIieriC 7ech. Div.
Natienal Center for At he ic Naseard
90 3000
Boulder, 0) 80303
C Joy ert N. Prof of Vet Ptiareaeslcqy 6
(huvurctty of California
! vis, CA 95616
C I abat Geoffrey S uor earcb Scientist IA
Aaerican Health Foundaticm
320 East 43rd Street
New York. N! 10017
C Xalten Grah G. eazd t Scientist R8C
Univ of 1Iid igas/1nst of Social arth
426 Tbr9 I St.
lurn Arbor. XI 18109
C i y Laurence S thief, BIO IeaiCM 6 G tL L . DC
PlY State apt. of 1Iealth/ .Crth Ctr.
90 509
—, N! 12201-0509
E—26
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1V18/9U
ALPHABETIC USTI!G
ama ADVI Y
N /t Last 1 First Has JMress ittees
C Keith Iacuiro i i Senior Progres Hanager
RSian tbrwration
6501 It-Pac B1cd
Aistin, TX 78120—1068
C Renege Eugene S. isu1t m it
1584 £.Pino River
LdlaS, N Y 48640
C Kirdut ttcmas 8. Senior Research Scientist
ColorSo State University
Natural Eailogy Lab
Fort 1J.ins, 0 80523
C Klaasei Curtis D. Prof of Ptiarsacology and Triocology DC
University of Kansas Nedical Center DC
Kntsas City, KS 66103
C Kliciia Raysad K. Pns a Faigineer
UnVflU cut Cannda
351 St. 3ose i’s S M
U, thes Q M UAOC7
C Koenig Jane 0. Asses Prof of Divrnrae ta1 Health CA C
Un just. of btshingtai
—34
Seattle . 98195
C Kr1 their, Z*pt of Inwclogy DC
K. D. $M r&n Hospital and taor Inst.
1515 WklctS , 81 ê—eec 178
Nfl, IX 77030
C KIWafl 5 Narvin Prof of Pathology, ritis DC
state Miwr. of NY
Basic Ed. Tact lade Re.140
S iy Bze*, NY 11794-8691
E-27
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12/18/91
ALPI DET1C L1STPG
AW 3RY S BD
ICThTNflS
P Last I e First H tittees
C LetS Han H. Prof of Biontatistics RAt
Hafl5Zd Schonl of Public Health
&ri Huntington Ave.
Boston, W A 02115
C Lab Peter .1. Prof/Dir. 5th. Meteorology & CIIC
Un iversity of OkJatnie
100 E. Boyd Street
Ibrean, OC 730L9
C Let Jesse C. Senor Mvzrr
Jellirek. Sthørtz, Qznolly S FrS an
1350 1*’ York Ase,M’
Washington, W 20005
C LeSrigan Philip J. Dir, Div of Saw and cup ISicine
Mt. Sinai H 1taI D C
Hew York, NY 10019
C l ars o n Tiutthy V. Researth Mont. Dept of Civil thg
University of Washington
n - i D
Seattle, WA 98195
C 1.5% Jonathan Director, tivinapnitai La. Canter
Vermont La. Sd l
0 1sea Street
Saab ftqeltai, VT 05068
C Iac Lester B. Prof of £x,aics DC
Carnegie Mellon University
5000 Forbes Ave.01Th
Pitttir*, PA 15213
C Laderer Brtwi P. Asonciete Professor
.John B. Pines Lab
290 WS k ca
Ha. Macan, 01 06519
E-28
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12/ 18/91
M.PHABErIC LISrIPZ
1D E A Y BOARD
We I t Firet t e C !rIttees
C Le Mt2 fI ael Prof of NOdicthe, I piratozy Sri
IJn]v of Ari2roWCollege of Moiicthe
1501 N. Cen ell be
Thcson, AZ 85724
C Leckie .lenes 0. Prof of Cwil Engioaering
Stenfoid Urtiverelty
St fOrd, 94305—4020
C Lth .- iu Peter 8. Vice President
Raritan Center 81, 4th Floor
Edasen. 183 08837
C Lee Rair , C. Directer, ign & Reseerd DC
1025 Loorol OAii Road
Voothees, NJ 08043
C Legge Allan H. Sr Researd Officer for Ezivir nt
AlI rth Researd Council
6515 8th St., NE—Third floor
Calgary, Alberta CN T fl 7
C Lelir Jay It. ztive Director
National Water Wail brociation
6375 Riwreule fir.
D bLin , GI 43017
C Ling Joaefi T. C ult e nt
Rotixad en VP/3 K cocp atioo
9O kceda Street
St. Paul, * 55109
C Lioy PauL J. Prof of v & s 1ty Wadietne
ert NOod Jth ioon Sdiool of Nethcthce DC
675 Woos Lane
Piscet y. III 08554-5635
E-29
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12/ 18 1 ’91
ALPIThSETIC L1STDC
CC ANIS Y BOARD
lye Lent N First Name itteem
C Lb Dnmg Director. A 1iS Science S Tech
CA Eoathaiest A ir ia1ity t Distnct
9150 Flair Drive
El te, CA 91731
C Logan Jennifer A
Harvard University
29 tbcford St/Pierce MaLl 108
C a mbridge, l 02138
C Laq, Lacenee 0 Head, Div of Perinatal Biology
1 a Linda Univ /Sc iteX of H icime
Lena LiSa, 0 92350
C Lenciute Leenard A. Director, Inst f or Survey Hesearth RAC
Temple University
1601 11. Br oS St.
PtuiadeIØua, PA 19122
C joc es Herbert S. Prof of axaa 1ogy ST ciemiogy D C
Rutgers University/College of Pharmacy
P.O. — 789
Piscataey, NJ 08855—0789
C Welling Cecil D irector, Reseerci , and t uelcp ’eut
He -tsr Hecla. Diet of Gtr Th icago
100 E. Ens Street
aticago. IL 60611
C k athy Richard 0. Prof S Head of Civil Faglneering at
Carnegie Nallat University
Porter HaUfPrw St.
Pltttargh, PA 15213—3890
C MacSay Prof of O ig I Pç 11S Ca
University of TbrQIW
Torutto, fl tano 0i W KS 1M
E-30
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12/18 /91
MPI4ABEV1C LISTUC
IDC BOARD
t Lest Mane First t ?ddress attces
C Mactin e Francis L. Prof of Micrthiology & lnnanology
Virgin ia mea1th University
B c 678-ICV Statiai
Ridja.iu.i, VA 23298
C I4agat Wesley A. Prof of C I SC
Dike Uniwrsity/Ftqua Sctool of Business
Dada, it 27706
C MaiLaan Richard B. Prof of Psydology & Pharmacology DC
Univer. tbrth Carolina/Sch. of Medicine
(17250-Brain/Day. W
thapel Hill, it 2 7599-7250
C Maki A ir
Docn Ceepany, UM
600 JoE fersee Street
Meustee, 1% fl002
C Mesas Allan 11. Pççl Stat S Carp P. çl D C
Battelle Meitrial Institute
P.O. B c 13758
Research Triangle Pk, PC 27709
C Masctad.tz David E.
Minnesota Pol1utia Caitrol Agency
520 N. Lafayette .
St. Paul, *1 55155
C Ibttieai Donald Dean, Grad Sdcel of Public Health
University of Prttstnrgti DC
11 Parrwi Hall 4 130 DeBate St.
Pitttirgb. PA 15621
C M aineul Ernest E. Crisuitsit in Vet Path & Twc D .C
D C
oa eu
Raleigh. PC 27613
E—3 1
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12/28/91
ALPHABETIC LIs’rItG
Mj C t N First N e Address Ccrgnttees
C N *me
Bayes institute
ithaco, NV 14853—1801
C N e1l Ju3lth H. Biology Deperteent
Ibods Bale 0ce . hic Institute
l’bols Bale, I 02543
C .ee lv1L .enta1 Censultent
8010 Neff St.
Hcsistai. D C 77036
C Nd4id ee1 Francis C. Prof of Civil Eogi,meriag
cernegie-$ Uen university (123 A)
5000 Forbes Ave/9orter Hall
Pittsburgh, PA 15213
C N 4irry Peter H. Prof of Nethanical Engineenng
University of Ni, esOta
111 Churth St. •
Um eapOlis, I4 55455
C NthL.en )Iyres A. DC
7 Bsuvelt Drive
Put tco, NJ 08540
C P 1 ie1 B. Di ct0r & Profensor
Bake Un iy/P ico1 Ceiter
Dirh , IC 27710
C N 1 cer J s H. Presi lt
jIz .
11688 F Glen Basi
Dektat, VA 22124
E-32
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12/18f91
ALP ?IBE7IC LI TIiC
9IDcE DV1 Y & .RD
LTN S
Mjc 1 t P First t4 e Address caisattees
C Michel
Researdt P1armit Inc.
Post Office D c 328
29202
C IliUer I vid W. Technical Advisor
Oereghty S Miller. Inc.
6800 Jericho Turnpik
Syosset. N Y 11791
C Miller Fred DC
D ke University/Medical caiter
2024 t Main St
fl rh PC 27705
C Ninteer Irving
9514 Ger Street
Silver Spring, tW 20901
C )blesar John V. Vice Prosideet
Mr Resosree cia1ists. Inc.
1901 9 arp Point Dr.—Sulte S
Fort Collins. 8053
C M u ce Richard Prof of Epideatology
Harvard Sdtol of Public Health
677 )hnitingtos Ave.
9ostos, 19 02115
C He Wiiliee R Q tr for Policy Haseard
trld Hee ea Instibits
1735 P York Ave P44
hingtce, It 20006
C ) ki wi N. Grez r Head, igineering S Public Policy
Carnegie Malice Univernity
P1tts 1rgh , PA 15213
E—33
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ALP1thBL7IC LISTI$
9I tE ACV1 RY 8 RD
N/C I t t e First N ittees
C W wn Brooke T. Macc Prof of PatI 1o y
Unive s1ty of Verrait
Medical Ahami Building
&ir1tngtcrt VT 05405-0%8
C taJ.ler Peter K. Pi r Manager
Electric P r Mesear Iestitute
P 0 Bcac 10412
Palo Alto, Q 94303
C Wishek Paul isu.1tant & Ad3wbct Professor
thnversity of Pbrth Carolina
611 lGl Street
1 zrhan, PC 27705
C Kakies I vid Pnncipa l
P , Inc.
3040 Willian Pitt my
Pitts ivgh, PA 15236
C Nep er Bn ee A. Sr. Sciantist n Earth Science RAC
Battelle Pacific Ibrt ’est U xatcry
90999
Ridilaed. 99352
C Neal I bert A Prof of 7 cicv1ogy
Varderbilt University
6J4 Ned ca1 earcb
t4as wiUe. 114 37232-0146
C Ner An S i
ertnant of Netheseties
OxT e11 UniversIty
Ithasa, P11 14853—7901
C Meuiim er Reseerdi cia1iUt
Niagara )d Prier f q rnuties
300 Erie B1 ., Nest
Syrac e. NY 13202
E—34
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26
12/18/ 91
ALPHABETIC LISTIPC
IDCE AU! Sift? BOARD
G ?LThNE5
N/C tnt P First H&oe Carrittees
C NSioid Jdm N. Prof Ereritus of Fisheries and Wild
Utah State Univers ity
1254 IsleS Drive
wgan, UT 84321
C Nivz .enberg WIUISII A. Director Dieritus CMAC
Univ of CA/Scnrcs Inst of Oceanography
Nell Stq A-02l/S)C 022
Lajolla, CA 92093-0221
C tbrth %emer Principal D C
czeiai Foals. Inc.
4984 E l Cestir a1
1 Alto, CA 94022
C D’ nier Prof of Fri Erqurrertng r u Snrrtce
Nanhattan College
S m, NY 10471
C O’Cwnor Nary Ellan Prof of Psycttlogy RAt
University of T ul sa
600 S. Co l lege Ave/tartan 308
1 zlse, OK 14104-3198
C O’Aeefe Patrick E tC
NY State ( par it of health
P C Bat 509
Albany, NY 12201-0509
C O’helia tharS Prof & than of Div &qimering
its )tç*iis University
34th and therlea St.
baltianre, Pm 21218
C U L4a ter Giester Prof of T dce1ogy DC
University of dflr Nadical iter
Sat
deotn , NY 14642
E—35
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PageM. 27
‘w it , , ’
ALP$METIC LISflPG
miac wzsatv B RD
P VC Leat Mae First Mae C ittees
Michae l Senior Scientist CAMC
&wicuvrental Defeeso Find, Inc.
257 Park Ave. Saith
Ma York M I 10010
C Oriaae rdon H. Prof of Zoel y
University of Washmgtai
Seattle, i 98195
C Michael H. Prof of Chesical Engineering
Itrth Carolina State University
Sac 5035
Raleigh, ?C 27695-79D5
C Page Athart L. Prof easer mid Chenst D C
University of California—Irvine
Dept. of Soil & Lnvirai. Scz.
Riverside, CA 92521
C Pellinari Edo 0. Vice President
Research Triangle Institute
RI?. PC 71709
C Petersen Richard Prof. PharrawlogytTaa logy D C
University of Wiscawiw’Sch of Phazeacy
425 N Charter St/th&riberlin H.
)ladisai, WI 51)06
C Proierk K Prof & Dir, lest D i v Stithes
University of ttrth Carolina
315 Pittsthro St.
Chapel PUll, IC 27599—7400
C E’halw ert F. Prof of Cos & D iv PSicine
University of Califua—Irvine
irvine, C A 92717
E-36
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12/18/91
ALPHABETIC LISrI1C
1DCE ADVISRY BOARD
i JLTh1flS
lift t t Ito First it t Cou nittees
C Piolke ger l i Prof of Ata io Aieric Science
Qilorab State University
Fort Collins, Q) 80523
C Pa tot Henry C. Professor of Cmcology S Pathology D C
Uni vet of Wiscensin/ItArdle Lab/Cancer
1400 University Ave
PIsb.sen, WI 53706
C Pojasek Vice President
Geraghty & miler , Inc.
De CDrfx,rate Drive
An&wer, Ia 01810
C biinntz Nithael B.
C Rowoj/ .t Steflei N. Prof of Env Sciences S Fagineenng DC
Univ of N Carolina/Sch of Public Health
7400
Dispel Hill , IC 27599
C Reinhardt Charles Director Haskell Lahoratory DC
Di Pent C any
mB cS0,tlktenR 1
Neicrk, X 19714
C Muhl kerieth R. Prof in Neurotancology Lab DC
Ibstgers University
Dipt. of Ptiaznasolcqy & 1 T C.
Piscatny, NJ 08855-0789
C ette Prof of Biostatistice
Univ of Pittsbirgh/Sth of Pithlic Health
318 Parran Hall
Pltt&nrgh, PA 15261
E—37
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Pagetb. 29
12/i8f9L
M.PIThBEFIC LISTUC
rlDcE ADVI Y 8 RD
N /C Lsst Ns a First tire Carruttees
C eridis Jsser V. DC
thvirat Cttporatioa. aiite 300
4350 N. Fairfax Dr.
Arlington, Va. 22203
C ier Patricia senior scientist, Dept. of 08 0Th DC
University ot Rod cater
B c 668
itchestor, NY 14646
C Itoe Joan B. Roe As c in Kicrctiology D C
Turson, AZ 85721
C _ R obert 0.
R flIag1er, Baifly, inc.
1881 9th St., 5 201
&xdder, 0 60306
C Ponies Earl K Prof of Pharsaonl & T uco1ay D C
University of Kaicas Medical Center
.39th 6 Rainbcw Blvd.
Kar s City, KS 66103
C Russell Milton Prof of tcrzineics
University of Taiinessee
318 8. Stadua Mall
Kjctville, Th 37996-0710
C Russell Lime B. Biology Division DC
k Ridge National Seary
P.O. B c Y
k Ridge, iN 37831
C Safe Steçthen I I. Prof of Vet Physiology aid Thart. DC
A94 University
( ll Station, U 77843—4466
E—38
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P lb. 30
12/18/91
ALPHABEtIC LISTIPG
sIDCt ADVi RY B
JLTMTS
N/C Last N e First N Aàfrens ittoes
C Sarof ii de1 F. Prof of themical Fzigineering
I assathusettss Institute of Technoicqy
Cembrid9e, I c 02139
C Sc* chter Prof of as try
Uo 6tate University
120 W. 18th Avenue
GI 43210
C Echiager eith SAC
University of Uteh
100 0 i- ncer H.
Salt Lake City, ur 84112
C Jere.Id Prof 8 -DuectOr CASAC
University of 1
I a City, IA $2242
C Sdwtz *1d F.
Te1 yne corpoLatlen
50 yen Buren Avenue
Wesb , N J 07675
C ScialI.i Antheny Prof of R pL1x2uctxve T c/ stetriem DC
OeorgetDei University Medical Center
3800 Remervoir R I 10
Wash, 20001-2197
C S.eker 10 RaralaIl Senior Vice President
F.i r9y & Erivircw .. tel Resenrdi Ep.
18 i Street
Irvthe. 92718
C cs art Noreen H. Prof of Eiwiru enta1 Sciences
University of Virginia
tharlotteeville, VA 22903
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12/18/91
ALPHABETIC LIStTlC
IDC IIDVIUJW BQAJW
WC 1 t tCe First t Ccirnittees
C SiJ.bergeld Ellen Prof of Pat1 1ogy DC
University of Nyland—Baltimore
660 W RScod St/Haiell,Ib 544
Daltimre, 1 (3 21201
C Si Steven L. RAt
C Sinclair ltrren Pres ident RAt
Nat Cameil , R.S Prot & Heasur it
Bethesda 1(3 20614
C S1 1c Patti President
Oacisien Unsearcti
1201 Oak Street
Eugene, 57401
C Svith Clifford V Chancellor R N :
Ilniverstty of Wtecuisa.n at Nilieukee
PD Bat 413
Ntlwaukee, VI 53201
C sth Willia H. Prof of Forest 5* 01w
Yale vniversity/Greeley laboratory
370 Pma .uct Street
to. Iia i, Ct 06511
C Gpeinr Frank 6.
aiwnng Laboratory
160 taig’cS Av uje
) 02115
C Starr Theees 5. Princpel E C
bwnat DJqaacti0fl
4350 I i Fairfsc Dr.
Arlingten. fl 22203
E—4 0
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Pa9e It. 32
12/18/91
ALP1 strIc usrnc
sinc AUJI JW BOARD
Wt tat Na First Nate Ccnnttees
C Matter Joserui N. Prestdwtt
Ttwmduoer 1 searth. Inc.
1228 01y s Drive
Napervillo, XL 60540
C stxela. tiger
Bechtel Dwi un.e ital, InC.
50 Scale St./P0 Sac 193965
San Frwmi , CA 94119-3965
C S.sderaan Frederidi Prof of iwno1 y D C
University of Camecticut/Ned Sctnxl
263 Trswqtat Ave.
Farsingtix , C l ’ 06030
C &ssktnd thad Prof of Elec Dig £ 1Iiter Sc i MC
University of California —Berkeley
Berkeley. CA 94720
C aeiberg l enes k. Dept. of Environ. Sciences
and Engineering
lJnvier. North Carolina
Campus Box 7400
C Tart Joel Chapel Bill 1 NC 27599
Carnegie Itllai University
5000 Forbes Avenue
Pittsbzrgh, PA 15213
C Th iS Prieda S. nof/lnst of D iv Studies I T t
Univ of Nadiingtal/Sdflo1 of Fat.rin
Seattle, ia 98195
C Taylor ge £. Pwf r
liniver. of NevSa W1 ert Research I
po 8a sorn
t, IN 89506-0220
E-4!
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Page lb. 33
12118/91
fl.PHAEFIC LIST IIG
IDCE ADVISORY BO7IRD
1 1/C Last M First N e Mdress Crnnttees
C Teepletai Withas L. Senior Manager RAt
Battelle Pacific lbrtleiest La ratory
P U Bat 999
Riduand, MA 99352
C ThTtly Thatas R. Prof of Pharsacology D C
University o r be
Omen Science Building
be City. IA 52242
C Theses Dmcan C. Prof Dept. of Preventive Medicine BK
Univ of Southern California
nO 5201 1420 San Pablo St.
L Angeles, CA 90033—9987
C Till .Jdin E. P resident
Rediological Assesasente Cozpcitatiai
Baste 2, Bat 122
Neeses 4 s 29107
C 7rijans Jctm C. President
Santa Fe Researth Co&yuLnttai
11200 Blcamingtai Ferry
B1 sngtat. I I I 55438
C Tnmaell P. Riaies
300 N Lake Ave 1200
Pasedena, CA 91101—7009
C t n t Willia A. RAt
1 Attn Batnass Pt
At m, MA 04210
C Velq Ciarles 0. President
Diaries K. Velty Associates
355 Main Street
PlY 10504
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Page 34
12/18/91
ALPHPBETIC LISTDC
SWC AThrI Y B RD
I(fC Last tire First tire ress Cean ittees
C Vlaetms Even C. Prof of Sociology
Colorado State University
Fort Coll Ins, W 80523
C n Lindeni Ian President
Te L 09 c hics Div Digineenng
121 South Jackson
ICs ., 10 83643
C S e I mis E. Manager, Safety Technology
Jtnsanth Carpany
800 N.Undbergh Blvd
St. Wins, PC 63167
C Waltu Fzwirn tal Sciences Division
( k Ridge National Lathratory
Post Office B c X
Oak Ridge, IN 37631—6038
C Ware JaDes H. Prof of Biostatistics CAS C
Harvard School of Public Health
Boston, P 02115
C Watson Jres S. Prof of Div Sal and Engineering MC
University of Ptrth Carolina
thapel Hill, PC 27599-7400
C Waits Assoc Prof of Madicive IJI OC
Harvard University
180 Iaigicod Ave.
Boston, P 02115
C tdasr Floyd W. Prof of Radiology & Had Blthiology
Colorado State Uniwrstiy
Fort Colluis,
E—43
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Page Pb. 35
12/18/91
.LPW,8ETIC LISTIM
ma B0
N. Lest Nese First N ? ress Caeaittees
C Ithite Warren H. Senior Researdi Asscciete/Cliesistry
Washzngtce Vniversity
Camps B 1124
St. Louis, I C 63130—4899
C lte Iran L. President
N i York State Energy Des Dcv Auth
2 Thxkefeller Plaza
Albany, NY 12223
C Wieresa G. Bruce Dean, College of Forest Des ar
UT%iverszty Of Naise
206 1tt1ng Hall
Orceo, 1 04469—0125
C Wi11a Debert H. Senior Research Scientist C C
Center for Energy & Environ St dies
Princeton University
Pri .ncetce 143 08544-5263
C Wilson Richard Prof of Physics
Harvard University
231 Lysan Lab
C ridge. W 02138
C Wilson Barry Prof of Aviwt Sciences D C
University of California—Davis
Davis, 95616
C WiI.uon Baty D C
Battelle Pacific 114 Laberatory
P0 999
b 99352
c Wii ier Willies i o Prof of Botany I Plant Path.
Or State University
Wenager )iall 355
Corvallis. t 97331—6511
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Pagelb. 36
12/18/91
ALPHAB T1C LISFDG
1DCE 1 Z JI RY BOARD
Pt/C Last I e First Nase C iriittees
C Witsthii Haj ter T ars Piu i flTh
University of Caiifornte—1 vis
Davis, 95616
C Ibrking Peter Senior T ci Iogist
Genetech. Inc.
460 Brw O Blvd.
San Francis , 94080
C Zagzvuski Pebecca Asst. n. Occ atienal S Envircn.
P w Jersey Dapart t of Health
O 360
ftsnt , Pt.3 08625
C Zi r sn R. Eric Principal
Bacro Inwqx r ted
629 Creenbay . - Suite 5
WiluEtte, IL 60091
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APPENDIX F - SAB MRF TINGS FOR FY 91
EXECUTIVE COMM T EE
1990 Oct 23-24 Quarterly Meeting
Oct 24 Annual Meeting
1991 Jan 17-18 Quarterly Meeting
Apr 18-19 Quarterly Meeting
Jul 28-24 Quarterly Meeting
CLEAN AIR SGL NTw1C ADVISORY COMMITTEE
1991 Apr 29-May 1 Carbon Monoxide
DRINKING WAT g COMMITTEE
1990 Oct 25-26 Trihalomethanea
Dec 6-7 VIRACT (groundwater viral transmission)
1991 Jan 2 Arsenic Research I (teleconference)
Jan 15 Arsenic Research II (teleconference)
Jan 25 Arsenic Research Ill (teleconference)
Feb 7-8 Colilert (Microbiological Protocols)
Apr 4-5 Cyanogen Chloride/Chlorinated Acids
May 9-10 Corrosion Research
ECOWGICAL PROC& SL AND EFFECTS COMMITTEE
1990 Oct 25-26 EPEC Committee Meeting
1991 Jan 9-11 Expert Systems for Predicting the Environmental Fate
and Effects of Chemicals
Feb 19-20 Proposed National Center for Marine and Estuarine
Disease Research
Mar 18-19 EMAP Program Plan
Apr 15-16 National Estuary Program Monitoring Guidance Docu-
ment
Apr 16-17 EPA OE guidance document “Bio-evaluation for Pro-
posed Ocean Disposal of Dredged Material TM I
May 20-22 EPA a Research for Ecorisk Assessment
Jun 13-14 Consultation on Biological Criteria
F-i
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Jul 16-17 EPA’s Wetlands Research Program
Sep 24 EPA/COE guidance document “Bio-evaluation for Pro-
posed Ocean Disposal of Dredged Materia l t ’ I I
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING COMMTI’TEE
1990 Oct 25-26 PknninglCoordination/Review Meeting
Dec 7 OSWER Modeling (teleconference)
Dec 19 Recycling Health Consultation (teleconference)
1991 Feb 7-8 Mid-year Plnnning Coordination/Review Meeting
Apr 11-12 Pollution Prevention Research Plan
May 29-30 Explosives and F11im’nAbles
Jun 27-28 End-year P1 nnrngfCoordination/Review Meeting and
Groundwater Consultation
Jul 17-18 Wetlands Construction
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH COMMITTEE
1990 Oct 25-26 Formaldehyde Conaultation/RIC Inhalation Tozicolo r
and Occupational Exposure Limita
1991 Feb 28-Mar 1 Chemical Mixtures Health Research Strate ’/Cheinical
M u Exposure
Mar 26-27 Perchioroethylene/Rat Kidney Tumors
Jul 17-18 Formaldehyde Risk Assessment
INDOOR AIR QIJAUTY AND TOTAL HUMAN EXPOSURE COMMITTEE
1990 Dec 4 -5 ETS Risk Assessment and Policy Guide
1991 Sep 12-13 Exposure Assessment Guidelines
RADIATION ADVISORY COMMITTEE
1990 Oct 25-26 Radionucidee in Drinking Water/ Correlation of Short
and Long Term teats for Radon/National Survey of Ra-
don in Schools
1991 Jan 14-16 ElectromRgnetic Fields (EMF) I
Feb 4-6 Residual Radioactivity Commentary/Eadionudlidea in
Drinking Water Cover Letter/Idaho Radionuclide Study
Apr 12-13 Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) II
May 20-22 Radon Risk MseasmentMaho llPrransport Commenta!y’
Jun 8-4 Writing Session on __
Jun 14 Writing Session on EMP (Teleconference)
F-2
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Jun 19 Writing Session on EMF (Teleconference)
Jul 23.25 EMF Cancer and Research
Sep 18-20 Citizen’s Guide/EMF Cancer Risk Assessment! Radionu-
cides in Drinking Water / Idaho 111/Residual Radioactivi-
tyfl’ransport Commentary
RESEARCH STRATEGIES ADVISORY COMMfl E
1991 Feb 26-27 ORD Research Budget
Mar 11-12 Scientific and Technical Achievement Awards
Jul 19 New Approach to Research Pifinning
F-S
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APPENDIX G
FT 1991 - SAB REPORTS AND AGENCY RESPONSES
NUMBER COMMITrEE CHAIR TOPIC DATE RESPONSE
001 EPEC Dickson Evaluation of the 11/6190 01/18/91
Ecological Indicators
Report for EMAP
002 EHC Upton Review of issues 11i26/90 05/07/91
relating to the
health effects of
ingested pentachiorophenol
003 EPEC Dickson Evaluation of the 01/22/91 04/29/91
Ecoregion Concept
004 DWC Glaze Review of ORD’s 02 ,27/91 05/02/91
Drinking Water
Microbiology
Research Plan
005 EC Neuhold Review of the FY92 03/08/91 05/02/91
President’s Budget
for Research and
Development
006 RSAC Aim Scientific & Tech. 04/29/91 08/05/91
Achievement Awards
Letter
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NUMBER (J}!flTEE CHAIR TOPIC DATE RESPONSE
007 IAQTHEC Lippmann Health Effects of 04/19/91
Passive Smoking:
Assessment of Lung
Cancer in Adults &
Respiratory Disorders
in Children
008 EHC Upton Interim Methods for 04/29/91 07/01/91
Development of
Inhalation Reference
Concentrations
009 EEC Conway Review of the 05/16/91 08/05/91
Office of Research &
Development’s
Municipal Solid Waste
Research Program
010 CASAC McClellan Review of ORD Draft 07/23/91
Research Plan Effects
of Tropospheric
Ozone on Forest Trees
011 EPEC Dickson Evaluation of the 07/30191 11/6/91
Program Plan for EMAP
012 EPEC Dickson EvaL Proposed Ctr. for 07/30/91 10/9/91
Marine & Estuarine
Disease Research
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NUMBER X)MMirrEE CHAIR TOPIC DATE RESPONSE
013 EHC Weiss Review of ORD Draft 08/16/91
Document “Response to
Issues & Data Submissions
on the Carcinogenicity of
Perchioroetbylene.
014 DWC Ray Review of Protocol 08/16191 10/24191
for Microbiological
Testing of Drinldng Water
015 CASAC McClellan Air Quality Criteria 07/17/91
for Carbon Monoxide
016 EEC Conway Usage of Computer Models in 09/06/91 11/27/91
the Hazardous Waste &
Superfund Programs
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FY 1991 - SAB LETTER REPORTS AND AGENCY RESPONSES
NUMBER COMMiTTEE CHAIR TOPIC DATE RESPONSE
LTR-O01 RAC Nygaard Radon Risk 01 ,22191 04/11/91
Estimates for
General Population
and Smokers, Non-
Smokers, and Children
LTR-002 EHCfMetaIs Upton/Weiss Review of a Proposed 03115 / 91 03/15/91
Revision to the Reference
Dose for Nickel
LTR -003 EHC/Metale Upton/Weiss Review of the 03/26/91 06/06/91
Calculation of RID’s for
Minerals which are
nutritionally essential
LTR-004 EHC Upton Occupational Exposure 04/29/91 06/19/9 1
Limit Data in Relation
to Inhalation Reference
Concentrations
LTR-005 EEC Conway Potential Hazards of 04/29/91 07/3/9 1
McMichael Municipal Waste Recycling
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NUMBER COMMInEE CHAIR TOPIC DATE RESPONSE
RESPONSE
LTR-006 EHC Weiss Review of the draft document 08 (20191 11/27/91
Alpha-2u Globulin: Association
Association with Chemically
Induced Renal Toxicity and
Neoplasia in the Male Rat.
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FY 1991 - SAB CONSULTATIONS
NUMBER COMMITTEE CHAIR TOPIC DATE
CON-0O1 EHC Upton Assessment of Health Risks 11/21/90
to Garment Workers and
Certain Home Residents from
Exposure to Formaldehyde
CON-002 EEC Conway/Small Review of Selection Criteria 04/29/91
for Participation of EPA
Staff on the Proposed Agency
Task Force on Modeling
CON-003 EEC Conway Review of Quantitative 07j24J91
Data Quality Objectives for
Ground-Water Monitoring
CON-004 EPEC Dickson Biological Criteria 07/30/91
CON-005 EXEC Loehr Cancer Risk Assessment 09/30/91
Guidelines
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FY 1991 - SAB REPORT ABSTRACTS
001 Evaluation of the Ecologicalindicators Report for EMAP
This report presents the conclusions and recommendations of the U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency’s Science Advisory Board following a review of
the draft document “Ecological indicator Report for the Environmental Monitoring
and Assessment Program” (EM.AP). EMAP, the Agency’s program to monitor the
status and trends of regional and national ecological resources, will evaluate and
use indicators to measure and describe the overall condition of ecosystems.
Specific sets of indicators which quantify response to anthropogenic stress (re-
sponse indicators), exposure to pollutants or causes of poor condition (exposure
indicators), and measure human activities which are suggestive of environmental
stress (stressor indicators) are being evaluated for each class of ecosystem. This
approach is evo1ving and the Subcommittee considered that EMAP had made good
progress through its peer reviews of the overall approach and the interim plan for
indicators. The development of indicators was in different stages for each of the
ecosystems; however, the use of a field demonstration pilot is a good technique
which could promote interactions between the ecosystem scientists. The terininol-
ogy for defining “nominal”, “subnominal”, and “habitat indicator ’ should be clarified
and selection of indicators by all ecosystem classes should be better coordinated
and integrated with ecological risk assessment principles. The EMAP team should
rely on historical data, where possible, to estimate sampling requirements and
assess trends, and they should reassess their ability to identif ’ casual relationships
through this regional scale of monitoring. Other comments and suggestions for
clarification are provided in the report.
Key Words: indicators; environmental quallty monitoring; stress.
002 SAB review of issues relating to the health effects of ingested pentachloro-
phenol
The SAB’s Environmental Health Committee (EHC) reviewed issues relating
to the health effects of ingested pentachiorophenol. Cl) interpretation of the
observed relationship between mouse liver toxicity and tumor incidence. The
Committee recommended that the dose-dependent increase in the incidence of
hepatocelluiar carcinomas and adenonias that was observed should be considered a
valid indicator of oncogenicity. (2) relevance of the observed increase in incidence
of mouse pheochromocytomas to himisrn . The Committee concluded that the
incidence and dose-response pattern of such tumors in mice suggest that their
increased rate of occurrence was clearly related to the administration of the test
agent; however, the fact that the increase was limited to benign and not malignant
pheochromocytomas led the Committee to question whether these tumors are
related to humnn cancer. (3) selection of the data set(s) that should be used in
formulating quantitative estimates of buutRn cancer risk. The Committee recom-
mended the use of the observed dose-incidence data on hemRngiomas and heman-
giosarcomas as the basis on which to assess the cancer risk for huTnans, since
G-7
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these tumors are more likely than the others to be known human cancers. (4)
whether a toxicity-equivalence-factor approach should be considered for the liver
tumors. The Committee recommended that it not be used.
Key Words: pentachlorophenol; health effects.
003 Evaluation of the Ecoregion Concepi
This report presents the conclusions and recommendations of the U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency’s MB following a review of EPA research on
the Ecoregion Concept and presentation of the results of its application for water
quality management by three states. The Ecoregion Concept is a method of
dividing large geographic areas into regions or subunits in which the variability of
selected ecological and physical characteristics is less than that of the entire area.
The Ecoregion Concept, as published by EPA, is being used by some states for
water quality management. The principal concerns of the Subcommittee are that
limited guidance and documentation is available to users for defining and locating
the boundaries and establishing adequate reference sites and that informal
methods are used to subdivide areas. The Subcommittee endorsed the concept but
recommended that EPA renew and sustain its research in critical areas, conduct a
pilot project to compare the effectiveness of Ecoregions with other regionalization
techniques, and develop a users guide, which includes case studies, to assist future
applications.
Key Words: ecoregions; regionitlization; environmental management
004 Review of the Office of Research and])evelopmentiflrinking Water Microbi-
don Research Plan
The SAB’s Drinking Water Committee reviewed the Office of Research and
Development’s research program in the area of drinking water microbiolo ’. The
charge to the committee was to determine if the current and future programs in
the area of microbiolo r research by the ORD were adequate to provide the
scientific basis for regulations.
The Committee concluded that the drinking water microbiolo r research
program to support the regulatory effort is inadequate, underfunded and dispro-
portionately low compared to the research effort on chemical contsnninsnts. The
DWC made four recommendations concerning the microbiolo research program.
First the DWC recommended that the Agency engage in prospective epidentiologi-
cal-microbiological studies in order to verify the models for assessing microbial
health risks and to identify the best indicators of the microbial quality of water.
Second the Committee recommended that research on microbial risk modeling and
risk assessment be extended, formalized and reconciled with the level and nature
of such current research for chemical continninants. Third the Committee
recommended the re-direction of several existing research efforts and the addition
of new ones in order to best meet regulatory priorities. Specifically, new and/or
G-8
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expanded research efforts are needed on (i) direct detection and improved indica-
tors of viral and protozoan pathogens; (ii) Legionella contrnnination of drinking
water (iii) Methods to measure microbial growth potential in water; and (iv) the
development of gene probe detection methods for the highest priority waterborne
viruses, specifically Norwalk and related viruses, hepatitis A virus and rotaviruses.
Lastly the Committee recommended the expansion of research on distribution
systems to include: (i) better measures of microbial growth potential, (ii) mainte-
nance of disinfectant residual, (iii) distribution system maintenance, (iv) nitrifica-
tion, biof hnR, particulate and opportunistic pathogens in distribution systems, (v)
modeling of distribution systems, and (vi) establishing the relationships between
system design, operation, maintenance and water quality.
Kçy Words: microbiology; research plan; drinking water
005 Review of the Fiscal Year 199i. President’s Budget for Research and Develop-
ment
The SAB reviewed the FY91 budget proposed for ORB and found that ORD
has responded admirably to a myriad of environmental concerns facing our nation,
and even the world. Still, the office will continue to be incapable of providing an
adequate response to environmental issues without a significant infusion of
resources. Base programs (both core and non-core, including professional develop-
ment) must be shored up to prevent further erosion of the in-house capabilities.
Extramural resources (including those for competitive grants, centers, and profes-
sional fellowships) must be increased in order to foster innovative and timely
research by other leading researchers in the environmental research fields.
Finally, serious attention must be paid to the aging equipment and facilities
(infrastructure) of the organization through increases each year which are ear-
marked for these areas. The SAB applauds ORD’s continuing efforts to imple-
ment certain recommendations in the SAB reports “Future RiskH and ‘ Reducing
Risk? However, continuing budgetary disruptions consistently hinder its manage-
ment’s ability to stabilize its core program and expand high priority areas which
are sorely underfunded. In light of these circumstances, the Board strongly
recommends significant increases for ORB over the next 5 years. Several specific
activities which should receive immediate attention include:
1. Inadequate base for replacementlupgrade of scientific equipment
2. Insufficient funding to cover salary and expense costs.
3. Lack of training resources for scientific staff
4. Inmifficient funding for competitive grants and centers.
Key Words: core, extramural, infrastructure, budget, research
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006 Recommendations on the 1990 EP.& Scientific and.TechnoJo ical Achievement
Award Nominations
The report represents the conclusions and recommendations of the U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency’s Science Advisory Board regarding the 1990
EPA Scientific and Technological Achievement Awards (STAA) program. The
Board reviewed and evaluated 120 papers that were nominated by EPA managers
and recommended twenty-four (20%) papers for awards, plus four additional
papers with honorable mention. Eleven EPA research laboratories were represent-
ed among these awards. The report recommends that the Agency clarify its
instfl CtiOnS to nominators. The Subcommittee also encouraged the Agency to
support the program at the highest levels of management.
Key Words: awards, scientific achievements, contest
007 Health Effects of Passive Smoking: Assessment of Lung Cancer in Adults and
Respiratory Disorders in Children
The Indoor Air Quality and Total Hum Exposure Committee conducted
its review of the environmental tobacco smoke draft documents. in summary, the
Committee found the risk assessment document to be a good faith effort to
address complex and difficult issues affecting public health. Since the task is
extremely difficult, it should come to no surprise that the Committee also found
the document to be incomplete in many respects. The IAQTHEC has suggested
changes both in the organization and specific technical content of the draft, that if
followed, can result in an improved ETS risk assessment document. The Commit-
tee also suggested changes that would strengthen the use of the incorporated
scientific database to support the recommendations contained in the policy guide.
Key Words: environmental tobacco smoke (ETS); carcinogenicity passive smoking
sidestream smoke; meta-analysis; confounders; lung cancer, respiratory disease
008 Interim Methods forDeveloDment of Inhalation Reference Concentrations
Inhalation Reference Concentrations (RfCs) were developed to serve as a
basis for health risk estimates for non-cancer effects (RnRlogous to the oral
Reference Dose (RID)) resulting from exposure to airborne pollutants. The SAB
reviewed the methodolo for development of inhalation RIO values, as described
in the document “Interim Methods for Development of Inhalntion Reference
Concentrations,” as requested by EPA’s Office of Research and Development.
The Committee found the proposed methods for deriving RfCs to be
reasonable, although some specific improvements, such as the use of the bench-
mark dose in place of the No Observed Adverse Effects Level/Lowest Observed
Adverse Effects Level (NOAELJLiOAEL), were proposed. Methods to determine
RICs should retain flexibility to accommodate the specific information and charac-
teristics of various toxic substances, and could incorporate a tiered approach in
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which simpler methods are applied before the more Bopilisticated methods defined
in the documents reviewed are used.
Key Words: RfC; in11Rb tion reference concentration; benchmark dose; dosimetry;
methodolo r
009 Review of the Office of Research and Development’s Municipal Solid Waste
Research Program
The Municipal Solid Waste Subcommittee of the Environmental Engineering
Committee of the Science Advisory Board has prepared a Research-In-Progress
report on the Agency’s Municipal Solid Waste research program. The review
a amined the Agency’s strategic planning for integrated waste nvlnilgement, source
reduction, recycling, thermal destruction, land disposal and special wastes manage-
ment (combustion residuals, sewage sludge and medical/infectious wastes).
The Subcommittee suggested priority shifts in the proposed research areas,
recommending that source reduction and disposal in landfills should be top
research priorities, while thermal destruction and special wastes management
should have lower research priorities. It was further recommended that recycling
research should be coordinated with source reduction research. Also stressed was
the need for the Agency to serve as a catalyst in dealing with MSW issues. Such
activities as information dissemination, sponsoring conferences and workshops,
developing decision tools, providing technolo r evaluation expertise, catalyzing
market and product development, conducting fate and effect and treatability
studies, developing incentives, providing grants and loans, and related supportive
activities were viewed as vital to the Agency’s mission for MSW research. The
SAB views the MSW research program to be very important to the thousands of
operating state and local MSW programs throughout the country.
Key Words: municipal solid waste, municipal solid waste research, municipal solid
waste research programs, integrated waste management -
010 Review of OR]Ys draft research plan Effects of Tropospheric Ozone onYorest
Trees
The Forest Research Subcommittee of the Clean Air Scientific Advisory
Committee reviewed in public session the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency’s
research plan: “Effects of Tropospheric Ozone on Forest Trees.” The Subcommit-
tee unanimously endorses the plan as a scientifically sound program and one that
is responsive to the needs of the Agency. The plan addresses the role of welfare
effects in standard setting, and provides for parallel modeling and experimental
task to scale site-specific and time-specific data to regional and national concerns.
The Subcoi’nmittee offers recommendations on selected aspects of the plan, and
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looks forward to the plan’s products providing a unique data base which will help
in developing the secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standards for ozone.
Key Words: ozone; forest; ambient air standards; productivity; welfare
011 Evaluation of the Program Plan for EMAP
This report presents the conclusions and recommendations of the U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency’s Science Advisory Board following a review of
EPA’s Program Plan and a briefing on ecological risk characterization for the
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). This is the second
in a series of reviews by the SAB of the components of EMAP. The Subcommittee
recommended that EPA revise its Program Plan to clarify the purpose, goals, and
objectiv a of EMAP and so exp]ain how EMAP can support policy decisions. They
recommended that EMAP further exfimine its role in risk assessment; one which is
critical toward accomplishing Agency goals. The Subcommittee recommended that
EMAP illustrate the integration and assessment portion of its program using data
from the Near-Coastal and Forest pilot projects and present this analysis to the
SAB for review.
Key Words: environmental monitoring; ecosystem assessment; ecological risk
assessment
012 Evaluationof the Propated CenteriorMarine and Estuarine Disease Re-
search
This report presents the conclusions and recommendations of the U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency’s Science Advisory Board following a review of
an EPA proposal for a national center for marine and estuarine disease research.
The Task Group agreed that there is a need for a center related to diseases of
marine and estuarine organisms and that the Gulf Breeze Environmental Research
Laboratory was a logical site for an EPA center. The Task Group was concerned
that in. order to achieve the desired results the proposal needed to be revised. The
recommended that the scope of the proposal be reduced, more details be added,
and that the pathobiolo ’ group reach out to other technical areas for support and
ideas in. the planning and implementation stage. Strategies on how each of the
proposed programs will be chosen and implemented should be added.
Key Words: marine diseases; pollution induced disease; research center
013 Review of ORJ) draft document Response to Issues and Data Submissions on
the CarcinoEenicity of Tetracbloroethylene (Perchloroethylene) .
The available scientific evidence confirms that perchioroethylene should be
considered as an. animal carcinogen, based on three endpoints in two species: liver
tumors in male and female mice, kidney tumors in male rate, and, possible,
mononuclear cell leukemia in male and female rats. However, each of these
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endpoints is problematic with respect to its relevance for humpn cancer. The
Committee found that the evidence does not warrant designation of perc as a
probable human carcinogen, but noted that the evidence for carcinogenicity is
stronger than for most other compounds classified as possible human carcinogens.
Therefore, in the spirit of the flexibility encouraged by the Guidelines, the Com-
mittee places this compound on a continuum between these two categories.
Key Words: carcinogen; alpha-2u-globulin; peroxisome proliferation; carcinogen
assessment guidelines; perchioroethylene; perc; PCE; liver tumors; mononuclear
cell leukemia
014 Review of Protocol fprMjcrobjojogical Testing of Drinking Water
The Science Advisory Board’s Drinking Water Committee discussed the
Office of Drinking Water’s and Office of Research and Development’s proposed
protocol for microbiological testing of drinking water. The specific charge to the
Committee addressed the adequacy of the protocols for a study in which detection
of low densities of chlorine-injured E. coli is being compared among several
analytical methods, including the Colilert test; methods for subculture (transfer) of
E. coli from Colilert tubes to EPA-approved media; needed incubation times for
such subcultures; and the use of sewage as a ‘spike” for drinking water samples.
The Committee found that additional testing is necessary to validate the useful-
ness of the Colilert and similar tests for the detection of low levels of chlorine
injured coliforms. The Committee feels that the protocols reviewed at this meeting
are a correct approach and have only some minor suggestions for improving them.
Among these suggestions are; evaluating the effect of the centrifugation procedure
in possibly inducing collateral injury; assessing the effect of holding time on
bacterial detection; measuring the concentrations and species of chlorine at several
time intervals; and using a minimum of 40 tubes inoculated per dilution.
Key Words: colilert; E. coli; chlorine-injured; subculture; inicrobiolo ’
015 Review of Draft Air Quality Criteria for Carbon Monoxide
The Committee unpnimously concluded that the document, with minor
revisions provides a scientifically balanced and defensible summary of the current
knowledge of the effects of this pollutant and provides an adequate basis for the
EPA to make a decision as to the appropriate primary NAAQS for carbon monox-
ide.
Key Words: air quality carbon monoxide
016 Use of Computer Models in the Hazardous Waste and Supcrfund Prozrams
The Subcommittee stated that the conclusions drawn in the report are
consistent with the data and information presented. The Subcommittee suggested
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a number of improvements to the draft report, particularly regarding the accuracy
of models listed and the use of multiple npmes for a given model.
Follow-up studies were recommended, involving case studies of model use in
OSWER programs and ft1rther consideration of the types of trfiining and education
that are appropriate for different modeling activities.
The Subcommittee found that the proposed OSWER pilot study on soil
contaminAton models, while addressing an issue of great concern to the Agency,
was probably not well suited as a test case for exRmining issues in model admii s-
tration, due to the significant scientific uncertainty and research nature of these
models. Rather, a project in a more established modeling domain, such as ground
water flow models, was suggested to allow the study to focus better on adminigtra-
tive issues related to model selection and use at EPA.
The SubcaTn,nittee strongly supports the model management initiative taken
by the OSWER information Management stafl and endorses extension of the
activity Agency-wide through an Agency Task Force on Modeling.
Key Words: mathematical models, superfund, CERCL& RCRA, computer model
validation, ground water models, soil cont.nmin tion
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F l ’ 1991 - SAD LEflER REPORT ABSTRA(YFS
BAC-IJSR-91-001 Radon Risk Estimates for General Population and Smokers.
Non-Smokers. and Children
Review of the draft document “Estimation of Risks from indoor Radon
Exposure.” For the general population, EPA derived an average life-time risk of
360 excess lung cancers per million person-working level months. While the
Committee found this acceptable, it recommended presenting the risk estimate
with an uncertainty range. Because of the near-multiplicative interaction between
radon exposure and smoking, the Committee recommended that EPA qualify the
overall population risk from exposure to radon by indicating the comparative risks
to smokers and non-smokers. Technical consensus documents disagree over
whether children are at greater risk Until such time as additional data and
analyses addressing this issue become available, the Committee finds it acceptable
for EPA to consider those exposed to radon as children to be at slightly higher
risk for lung cancer. However, as new data and new analyses become available,
EPA should prepare to re-evaluate these risks.
EHC-LTR-91-002 Review of a l2roposed revision to the Reference Dose (RID) for
Nickel
The Metals Subcommittee of the SAB considered a revision of the RID for
nickel, based on reproductive toxicity and dermatoxicity data. The Office of
Drinking Water proposal called for a new RID derived either from reproductive
studies (yielding an RID of 1.0 pg/kg daf 1 ) 4 or a RID derived from dermal toxicity
research (yielding an RID of 2.0 pg/kg daf’). The Subcommittee recommended
against both these options. First, it was not persuaded by the empirical data.
Second these values are less than the amounts consumed in typical diets distorting
their translation into regulatory standards. Moreover, a compilation of the most
cogent of the alternative data fails to yield an fill) substantially different from the
current one.
The Subcommittee recommends that 12 pg/I serve as the MCLG until supplant-
ed by newer data.
EHC-LTR-91ALQ3 Review of the Calculation of R IDs for Minerals which are
nutritionally essential
The Metals Subcommittee met to consider the calculation of RIDs for
minerals which are nutritionally essential but which present the possibility of
toxicity. Chromium, selenium, and zinc are examples of minerals that serve
rssential biological functions at low dietary levels but that can elicit toxic respons-
at high levels. Such a dual role poses difficulties for EPA’s attempts to set
1)s and to translate them into exposure standards. The Subcommittee noted
;aat at least part of the problem stemmed from current Agency practices, which
rely upon arbitrary values, such as NOAELIS, to calculate RIDs.
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Inadequate and excessive intakes both incur health costs. Consequently, a
different method of calculating exposure standards than that currently practiced by
the agency is required to deal with this unique condition. In particular, a method
is required that uses the complete dose-response function in calculating allowable
levels. It recommended that the Agency develop and maintain liaisons with the
Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academy of Sciences, which establishes
Recommended Daily Allowances, and the Food and Drug Administration, to
coordinAte the roles and interests of the three organizations in proposing dietary
intake standards.
EHC-LTR-91-004 Review of the Risk Assessment Forum’s Draft Report “ Occqpa-
tional Exposure Limit Data in Relation to Inhalation Reference Concentrations
The Forum asked the SAB to comment upon the following Forum recoin-
mendations:
1. Occupational Exposure Limit (OEL) values, per Be, should not be used to
develop inhalation RICa.
2. An adequate scientilic data base supporting an DEL may be used in the
development of an inhAlation RfC. Such data should be used in accordance with
EPA’s suggested methodology.
3, In the absence of an adequate data base, an RFC cannot be developed.
Risk assessors then must make a professional judgement about protective levels of
airborne toxicants based on whatever information is availAble. This information
may include an OEL and its data base.
4. Once a determination is made that the existing data are inadequate, the
Agency group expressing interest in the chemical should initiate action to see that
data are developed through the interagency committee.
The EHC believes that it is very important that the Agency employ consis-
tent methods to evaluate and access toxicity information. The Committee recog-
nizes that the methods used to define OELs can be subjective and can differ from
the methods suggested by the Agency. Hence the EHC heartiJy endorses the Risk
Assessment Forum’s recommendations on the use of OELs, adding only to the
Forum’s recommendation that data additional to that in the data base supporting
an OEL, if avi ikhle, should also be included when deriving an inhAlAtion RIO.
The EHC also suggests that OELs be incorporated for informational purposes
within EPA documents deriving inhnktion RICa, and when there is a substantial
difference between the OEL and the inhAlation RIO, some discussion of this
difference should be made.
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EEC-LTR-91-005Review of ORD’s Proposed Project Entitled ‘Potential Hazards
of Municinal Waste Recycling ’
To confer with the Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office of the
Office of Health and Environmental Assessment of the Office of Research and
Development on recommendations related to the balance of the scope of work for
the project entitled Potential Hazards of Municipal Waste Recycling,” and to
provide recommendations for a proposed expert panel to be formed by ECAO to
guide and critique the study. The Subcommittee suggested that the Agency reduce
the scope of the project to identify hazards associated with recycling municipal
solid waste; to identify the target audience of the project; to recognize and define
the type of recyclables for this study, to embrace the notion of a requirement of
ultimate (waste) disposal for fractions not amenable to recycling; to avoid an g
priori declaration of recyclable material types based upon a predisposition toward a
particular technology; to focus on post-consumer flows; to consider dispeuing
myths and clarifying or substantiating anecdotal information associated with
recycling and; to consider data from developing countries which may have have
epideiniological studies on scavenging from disposal areas should be sought.
EHC-LTR-91-006 Raview of the draft document Ainha-2U Globulin: Associa-
tion with Chemically Induced Renal Toxicity and Neorilasia in the Male Rate ,
The EHC was asked to review the Risk Assessment Forum’s analysis of the
following three issues (a, b, c) and to comment on the fundamental tenets (1
through 5) underlying their conclusions:
a. The specificity of the alpha-2u.globulin nephropathy for the male rate.
b. The lirik ige of alpha-2u-globulin nepbropathy in them male rate to
neoplasia of the renal tubules.
c. The recommendation advising against the use of male rate renal tubule
tumors associated with the alpba-2u-globulin syndrome for human risk assessment.
Comments on the five fundamental elements in the Technical Panel’s
rationale:
1. Since renal tubule toxicity induced in the male rate by the a]pha -2u-
globulin mechanism is unlikely to occur in humans, renal tumors in hnmanR are
not likely to occur via this mechanism.
2. The applicability of the alpba-2u-globulin mechanism to the male rat
renal tubule response can be determined even when there are other forms of
chemically-induced nepbrotoxicity or increased incidence of cancer at other sites in
the rat or other species.
3. If a chemical induces alpha-2u-globulin accumulation in hyaline droplet
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the associated nephropathy observed in male rats may not be an appropriate
endpoint for assessing non-cancer risk in huxnaiis.
4. Renal tubule tumors in the male rat that appear following adminifitra.
tion of clearly mutagenic agents may be appropriate for the characterization of
hnmnn k on a case-by-case basis even when alpba-2u-globulin accumulation has
been observed.
5. The information on other laboratory species tested to date supports the
conclusion that the protein-induced renal tubule toxicity occurs only in the male
rate. The Technical Panel expressed a low level of concern for the possibility that
functionally analogous hiimnn proteins exist.
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APPENDIX H
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF THE SCIENTIFIC STAFF MF MRERS
Staff Director: Dr. Donald G. Barnes
Assistant Staff Director: Mr. A. Robert Fksdc
Designated Federal Officials:
Dr. Ed Bender
Mr. Randy Bond
Mrs. Kathleen Conway
Dr. C. Richard Cothern
Dr. K Jack Kooyoomjian
Mr. Samuel Rondberg
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DIL DONALD G. BARNES
Staff Director and Designated Federal Official for the Executive Committee
DR. DONALD G. BARNES assumed his position as Staff Director in March,
1988. He came to the SAB from nearly ten years’ service as Senior Science
Advisor to the Assistant Adminuitrator for Pesticides and Toxic Substances. In
that role be became involved with a number of controversial issues; e.g., pesticide
re-reg strations and the implementation of Section 6 of TSCA. His claim to
infamy, however, is his long association with “dioxin’ t ; i.e., 2,S,7,8-TCDD. For
many years, be served as the Agency’s principal technical point of contact on
“dioxin” issues; e.g., 2,4,5-T cancellation hearings, Agent Orange resolution, and
emissions from municipal waste combustora. His national and international (WHO
and NATO) contributions, while not stilling the controversy, have generally not
exacerbated it—reason enough, one might say, to justify his receiving two EPA
Gold Medals for Superior Service for these activities.
Dr. Barnes has also been active in the area of risk assessment. He was one of
the Agency representatives to the Office of Science and Technology Policy-led
effort to produce a consensus view of cancer in the Federal government; i.e.,
Cancer Principles . He was active in the writing of Agency’s risk assessment
guidelines for cancer and for mixtures. As a member of the EPA Risk Assessment
Forum, he joins with other senior scientists in addressing complex risk issues that
affect different program offices. As former Coordinator and now Member of the
EPA Risk Assessment Council, he is actively involved with the policy review of
scientific positions on risk.
FY 91 saw his induction into the Senior Executive Service and receipt of a
Gold Metal for his coordination of the Reducing Risk report..
Prior to coming to EPA, Dr. Barnes was Associate Professor and Science
Division Chair at the innovative St. Andrews Presbyterian College in North
Carolina - Today, his teaching itch gets scratched through stints as “risk assess-
ment trainer” in EPA’s Training Institute.
His formal education includes a BA (chemistry) from the College of Wooster, a
PhD (physical chemistry, with a minor in physics) from Florida State University,
and subsequent graduate courses in severe] health-related areas; i.e., pharmacolo-
gy, toxicology, immunology and epidemiology. His real world education is provided
by Dr. Karen K. Barnes and two college-aged eons.
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DIL EDWARD BENDER
Designated Federal Official for the Ecological Processes and Effects Committee.
DR. EDWARD S. BENDER is the Designated Federal Official for the
Ecological Processes and Effects Committee. He has assisted the Committee to
expand its agenda with reviews of several interesting and diverse iaauea, including
sediment criteria, ecological risk assessment research, wetlands, marine monitoring
and disease research, and plRnning for the Environmental Monitoring and Assess-
ment Program.
Prior to joining the SAB, Dr. Bender spent ten years working in EPA’s
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System enforcement program as an
expert in biological monitoring of effluents. In this position 1 he helped develop
and/or revise the program policies and guidance for seLl.mothtoring by permit
holders, compliance inspections and reporting, and civil and administrative
penalties. He reviewed over 100 litigation reports that alleged violations of permit
conditions and he also provided technical support, including expert testimony in
two trials. In one case, the US vs Olin Corp . he helped negotiate the clean-up and
restoration of a National Wildlife Refuge that was contRminRted with DDT. Prior
to his work with EPA, he conducted ecological assessments and research for the
Army at nmniunition plants, arsenals, and depots throughout the United States.
He also joined an expedition to Greenland, where he backpacked through the
tundra to band nestlings and to collect from series of peregrine falcons.
Dr. Bender received a B.S. from Westminster College, New Wilmington, PA,
an MS. (Zoolo&y) from the University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, and a PhD. from
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Vk His disserta-
tion research focused on the process of recoveiy of a stream macroinvertebrate
community from chronic DDT contamination.
Dr. Bender and his wife, June, share their interests and labors in horticul-
ture end home improvement projects and in raising their three daughters.
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M W &&J DALL BOND
Designated Federal Official: Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee and Research
Strategies Advisory Committee
Randall Bond joined the Science Advisory Board staff in December, 1990.
Randy started with EPA as student assistant to the Medical Science Advisor in
1976 while working on his undergraduate degrees in chemistry and biolo i. After
finWiing school, he accepted a position with ORD’s Oflice of Research Program
Management where be served as Executive Secretary to the newly formed Pesti.
cides Research Co nti ittee and the Chemical Testing and Assessment Research
Committee. Randy has also served as participant in the LEGIS (Congressional
Fellowship) program, and serves as EPA coordinAtor for finiynal welfare issues.
He has also chaired a number of International committees related to biological
environmental specimen bRn ing. His moat recent position was in ORD’s Office of
Health Research where he coordinated pesticides and toxic substances health
research issues and served as the Chairman for the committee responsible for
plRnning all TSCA related research and development activities.
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MRS. KATHLEEN CONWAY
Designated Federal Official: Radiation Advisory Committee
MRS. KATHLEEN CONWAY received her BS and MS from Tufts University
where she studied biolo , public health, and sanitary engineering. Between
degrees she wrote for the Hartford Courant . Mrs. Conway was a unitary engi-
neer for the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, where she worked with
80 cities and towns on a variety of water supply, waste disposal, and sanitation
issues. She initiated training programs on sanitary landfill operations for local
Boards of Health and landfill operators. She joined the U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency’s Region I in 1974 to work in the wastewater treatment plant
operations and maintenance program. She inspected wastewater treatment plants
constructed with federal money, taught classes for operators, and served on a team
which investigated the MDC system, one of the ten largest in the nation. During
this time she chaired the Boston Section of the Society of Women Engineers.
In 1977 abe joined the Office of Research and Development. Her subsequent
service as acting Director for two divisions in the Office of Health Research lead
to her selection, in 1982, as a participant in the President’s Executive Exchange
Program. During her exchange year she worked with an occupational health and
safety unit at IBM. She served the Science Advisory Board as Deputy Director
from 1984 to 1989 when she resigned the position to work part-time.
She continues as Designated Federal Official to the Radiation Advisory
Committee. She prepares HAPPENINGS, a monthly publication of the Science
Advisory Board staff.
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DR. C. RICHARD COTHERN
Designated Federal Official: Drinking Water Committee
DR. E. RICHARD COTHERN received a BA (Physics and Math) from Miami
University (Ohio), a MS (Physics) Yale, and a PhD (Physics) from the University
of Manitoba.
Iinmediate y prior to joining SAB in 1987, Dr. Cothern served as the Agency
National Expert on Radioactivity and Risk Assessment in Drinking Water. His.
earlier activities includes service in the Office of Toxic Substances, Science Advisor
to the Ohio Senate Committee on Ener r, and appointmenth an the University of
Dayton, Wright-Paterson Air Force Base, and University of Manitoba. He current-
ly maintains a relationship with George Washington University as Associate
Professorial Lecturer in Chemistry.
Dr. Cothern joined the SAB Staff as the then-called Executive Secretaiy of the
Environmental Health Committee in 1986. Under his direction the activity of the
Drinking Water Subcommittee grew to such an extent that it become a full
standing Committee in FT 90. His principal duty involves servicing the Corrimit-
tee. In addition, he is active in a number of professional organizations, leading
local groups and serving on national committees. These activities have allowed
him to share his interest and abffitiei in the area of risk assessment and radiation.
Since the Spring of FT 91, Dr. Cothern has been on a rotational assignment to the
Center for Environmental Statistics in the Office of Policy, Planning, and Evalua-
tion.
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MR. A. ROBERT FL&AK
Assistant Staff Director Designated Federal Official (DFO) for the Clean Air
Scientific Advisory Committee, Indoor Air Quality and Total Humpn Exposure
Committee, and Acting DFO for the Drinking Water Committee.
MR A. ROBERT FLAAK is the most experienced of the SAB’s Designated
Federal Officials, having served for six months as the original Executive Secretary
for CASAC 1978-1979 and re-occupying that position from 1984 to 1991. He
currently serves as the DFO for the Indoor Air Qualityfrotal Human Exposure
Committee, and, since June 1991, has served as the Acting DFO for the Drinking
Water Committee. In January, 1990 be assumed the duties of Acting Assistant
SAB Staff Director. He was formally appointed as Assistant Staff Director in
February 1991.
In between appointments with the SAB, he served for five years with the U.S.
Coast Guard Office of Marine Environment and Systems as Senior Environmental
Specialist developing and implementing environmental policy and guidance for the
preparation of environmental impact statements for bridge construction throughout
the United States and its territories.
Prior to his first tour with the SAB, Mr. Flask served as Staff Marine Biologist
with an engineering consulting company where he assisted in the design and
coordination of sampling and data nnRly8is for oceanographic surveys. He has ilso
worked as a cot sulting marine taxonomist for cients,including the National
Oceanic Atmospheric Administration, the du Pont Co., Roy F. Weston Inc., and the
University of Delaware’s College of Marine Studies. These activities reflect his
research interest in pbytoplankton ecolo r, bivalve nutrition, and bivalve and
invertebrate mariculture.
Mr. Flask has graduated from Stuyvesant High School in New York City, the
City College of New York CBS in zoolo ’), the University of Delaware (MA in
marine studies), and Central Michigan University (MA in public administration).
He has taken other graduate level environmental and mRnagement courses.
His 25 years of military service include three years of active duty with a tour
in South Vietnam in 1968.69. He is currently an active US Army Reserve
Lieutenant Colonel, serving as the Assistant Chief of Staff-Logistics for a Civil
Affairs brigade, part. of the 1st Special Operations Command. He was recently
called to active duty and served for four months (Jan - May 1991) in Saudi Arabia,
Kuwait and Iraq during Operation Desert Storm. He lives with his wife, Dottie,
and their aix-year old son, Chris in Fairfax, Virgirii
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DR. JACK KOOYOOMTIAN
Designated Federal Official for the Environmental Engineering Committee
DR. JACK KOOYOOMJIAN joined the &ience Advisory Board (SAB) in July,
1988 as Designated Federal Official of the Environmental Engineering Committee.
He brings to his work at the SAB over 22 years of experience with environmental
issues, including over 17 years of diverse experience within EPA Headquarters.
In the mid-1970’a he worked in the Office of Solid Waste, documenting cases
involving the improper disposal of hazardous wastes which contributed to the
passage of landmark RCRA in 1976. He also gained experience with saturated
and unsaturated zone modeling and ground-water model assessment during this
time. He has over four years experience in the Office of Water developing guide-
lines and regulations for industrial wastewater sources. In 1979, Jack joined the
Superfund’s Emergency Response program, where be developed the multi-media
hazardous substance reportable quantity regulations. He also was responsible for
oil and hazardous substance pollution prevention regulations, oil spill reporting,
the emergency response data base known asOHMTADS (Oil and Hazardous
Materials Technical Assistance Data System), as well as the oil and disperaant
testing and registration program (old Subpart H, now Subpart J) of the National
Contingency Plan.
Dr. KooyoomJian received a BS (Mechanical Engineering) from the University
of Massachusetts, and a MS (Management Science) and a Ph.D. (Environmental
Engineering, with a minor in Economics) from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.
His academic career included his induction into a number of honorary societies:
e.g., Sigma Xi (research), Chi-Epsion (civil engineering),Omicron Delta Epsilon
(economics). His professional activities continue apace. He served as a member of
the Board of Control of the Water Pollution Control Federation (WPCF) from
1986 to 1989, and was a member of its Policy Advisory Committee in 198811989.
In 1988 he received the Arthur Sidney Bedell Award from WPCF for extraordinary
personal service in the water pollution control field. He served as Local Arrange-
ments Co-Chair of WPCF’S 63rd Conference and Exposition, which was held
October 6-li, 1990 in Washington, D.C. and hosted nearly 13,000 registrants. He
is also active in the Federal Water Quality Association (FWQA), the local member
association of WPCF, where be has served in numerous capacities, including
President.
Closer to home, which he shares with his wife Gerry, and their three daugh-
ters, Jennifer (17), Melissa (12) and Jessica (10), Dr. Kooyoom.jian is involved in
numerous civic activities which focus on development and land-use issues in his
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area. He received both an EPA Public Service Recognition Award in 1988 and
several County Recognition Awards. Moat recently he was recognized as a
candidate for the Governor’s Award for voluntherism for the state of Virginia in
1991.
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MR. SAMUEL RONDBERG
Designated Federal Official for the Environmental Health Committee
MR. SAMUEL RONDBERG retired from the Senior Executive Service (SES)
in August, 1988 and re-entered federal service in November 1988, when he joined
the SAB staff. During his previous full and fruitful career at EPA, he served as
an Office Director and Associate Office Director in EPA’s Office of Research
Development (ORD) and the Office of Information Resources Management (OIRM).
Before joining EPA in 1974, Mr. Rondberg held research ni nagement,
analytical, and policy formulation positions with the Department of Transportation
and the Veterans Administration’s Department of Medicine Surgery. He also
served in the U. S. Army for two years, with the rank of Captain. Most of his
federal career has been devoted to advancing the use of Analytic methodologies to
address public policy issues, and to improving the management of federal research
activities. At EPA, he baa directed particular efforts to the complex problems and
issues engendered by operating a research program within the context of a
regulatory agency-coordinntion between legal and scientific “cultures”; maintAining
a stable long-term program in the face of urgent and frequently changing needs
for short.-terni support; and mfiint.Rining an adequate resource base in the face of
competition from regulatory programs struggling to meet court or Congressionally
mandated deadlines.
Mr. Rondberg pursued undergraduate (AB, 1959) and graduate studies at
Washington University, where he also served as a Teaching Assistant in the
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences and as a Public Health Service Fellow and
Research Associate in the Medical SchooL In 1967, he was awarded a National
Institute of Public Administration Fellowship in Systematic Analysis at Stanford
university and completed a special interdisciplinary curriculum in the Schools of
Engineering, Graduate Business, and the Departments of Economics and Computer
Science.
Mr. Rondberg has authored publications in clinical psychology, research
mnnai ement, and the applications of electronic systems and telemetry to urban
transportat1on.
Sam is married, the father of one graduate student daughter, and attempts to
find time to pursue interests in modern history, the impacts of technology on
society and culture, amateur radio, marine aquaria keeping, and antique art
(posters and advertising graphics) as a reflection of our social history.
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