FRANCONIA MANUFACTURING CORPORATION
EAST BRANCH OF THE PEMIGEWASSET RIVER
      LINCOLN, NEW HAMPSHIRE
          APRIL 5, 1972

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I NTRODUCTION
In July, 1971, the Franconia Manufacturing Corporation in Lincoln,
New Hampshire, started operation of what was originally the Franconia
Paper Company mill. Since that time, several fish kills have been re-
ported downstream of the mill.
The last Federal survey of the pollution problem in the East
Branch of the Pemigewasset River was conducted between 1964 and 1966.
Between 1966 and the present, the pulp and paper mill converted to
an ainmonium based sulfite process with sulfur recovery using the
Copeland Process and installed a white water treatment plant ( rP).
In 1969, the town of Lincoln constructed a new water pollution
control facility(WPCF).
Because of the fish kills and the lack of current data on both
the mill effluent and the stream conditions, Region I, Environmental
Protection Agency, assisted by the New Hampshire Water Supply and
Pollution Control Commission (NHWS & PCC),condücted a study of the
mill’s WWTP, the town’s WPCF, and the East Branch of the Pemigewasset
River.
FRANCONIA MANUFACTURING CORPORATION
Franconia Manufacturing Corporation, an ammonia based sulfite
pulp and paper mill’, produces 110 tons of paper per day with a waste
water discharge of approximately seven million gallons per day to
the ast Branch of the Pemigewasset River. Raw materials used in the
manufacture of paper include anhydrous ammonia and sulfur used to
produce the axnmonium bisulfi cooking liquor, soft and hard-wood logs,

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chlorine bleach, caustic soda, hypochiorite wash, clay, starches,
rosin sizing, and dyes. The mill purchases approximately ten tons
of pulp per day in addition to the ninety tons produced per day.
Figure 1 shows the location of the mill.
PULP MILL OPERATION
The company trucks in both hard and soft wood logs, which are
debarked and chipped for use in the sulfite pulp mill. The bark
from the debarker drums is trucked away to a bark pile located just
upstream of the mill proper. Some transport water is used to carry
the logs to the chipper. ver-f lows and drains in the woodroom are
connected to the WWTP.
The mill burns sulfur to sulfur dioxide gas and absorbs it
in an ammonium hydroxide and water mixture to produce the ammonium
bisulfite cooking liquor.
The chips and ammonium bisulfite are cooked in digesters for
6 hours at 130°C and 90 psi(pounds per square inch). At the end
of that time the mixture is blown into blow tanks.
The pulp is then passed through knotters where knots and other
undigested particles are removed and trucked away to the bark pile
after which the pulp is washed on drum washe s with a counter- --
current washwater flow. The spent sulfite it uà (SSL) is sent
to the Copeland Process incinerator.
After washing, the pulp is screened and sent to the three
stage chlorine bleach, caustic extraction, and hypochiorite wash
bleachery. All wastes from the screen room and bleachery are
sent to the WWTP. The whitened pulp is conveyed to the paper
mill.

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See Fi ure 2 for a flow diagram of the pulp mill.
PAPER MILL OPERATION
Pulp is mixed with clay, starch, and rosin sizing in beaters
and sent through cyclone cleaners to paper machine head boxes Waste-
waters from the paper mill originate from cleaning the pulp, paper
machine white water overflow, and washdown operations. These wastes
are treated in the WWTP. Figure 3 shows a flow diagram of the paper
mill.
WHITE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
All the waste flows from the Franconia Manufacturing Corporation,
except sanitary waste which is treated at the municipal treatment
facility and the spent sulfite liquor (SSL) which is treated separately,
are treated at the white water treabnent plant (WWTP). The WWTP is
located on town owned land within the Franconia Manufacturing
Corporation mill area and operated by mill personnel. Treatment
consists of flocculation and settling. The settled sludge is
thickened, vacuum filtered and trucked to the bark pile dump area.
Chemicals used in the treatment of a calculated 7 mgd(million
gallons per day) care lime (CaO) for pH adjustment, followed by the
addition of an alum (A1 2 0 3 ) solution for flocculation. Only one
of the two clarifiers was in operation on the survey date. Refer
to Figure 4 for a flow diagram of the WWTP and sampling locations.

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FRANCONIA MANtJFAU’IUICIN(.i L,UitI’U1UtLiV1
WHITE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
BASIC DESIGN DATA*
Flow Average 10 MCD
Maximum 14 MCD
Mixing I Tank, 15 ft. X 15 ft. and 15 ft. deep.
Detention Period: 2.5 minutes
Flocculation and 2 clarifiers, each 110 ft. diameter and 10 ft. deep.
Sedimentation Detention Periods: Flocculation zone 30 minutes
settling zone 3 hours
Sludge thickening I Unit, 80 ft. diameter and 13 ft. deep
(Sludge quantity: 10 to 15 tons per day dry)
Sludge Dewatering 2 rotary vacuum filters, each 8 ft. X 14 ft.
each 350 sq. ft.
(Loading: 3.55 lbs. minimum per sq. ft. per hour)
* Data from publication by Camp, Dresser , & McKee
UWater Pollution Control Facilities , Lincoln, N.H., Dec., 1969

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COPELAND INCINERATION PROCESS
The spent sulfite cooking liquor (SSL) is being sent to the
Copeland Incinerator Process which is located in the recovery plant
building on town land within the mill yard and operated by mill
personnel. In the process, the SSL is evaporated to 32 to 37 per-
cent solids and burned in an atomized dispersion type fluidized bed
incinerator. The steam generated is sufficient to run the evapora-
tors and to supplement the pulp mill steam requirements.
The combustion of SSL releases sulfur dioxide which is scrubbed
from the exhaust gas by absorption in aminonium hydroxide. The re-
sultant ammoniuin bisulfite is used to supplement the mill ‘a cooking
liquor requirement.
The two wastewater sources from this process are foul condensate
and washwater from the cyclone containing fly ash. Both are sent to
the JWTP for treatment prior to discharge.
Figure 5 is a flow diagram of the incineration process published
by the consultant engineers Camp, Dresser, and NcKee.
POLLUTIONAL RIVER LOADINGS
All process wastewater receives treatment in either the Copeland
Incinerator or the WTJITP. The wastewaters from the incinerator are
sent to the WWTP; the 1 1WTP effluent flows in a ditch for approxi-
mately 200 yards before entering the river on the north bank. Also,
yard and roof drains carry run-off from the WWTP area to the ditch.
Another source of waste is the leachate and run-off from de-
barking and sludge wastes dumped on the north bank of the river up-
stream from the pulp and paper mill.

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LINCOLN, NEW HAMPSHIRE
The town of Lincoln, New Hampshire, is located on the 1 eadwaters
of the Pemigewasset River. The town has an area of a pproximately 128
square miles with a highly variable population with a peak during the
tourist season in the summer months.
The population of Lincoln is concentratedin the southwest corner
of the town along the East Branch of the Pemigewasset River about one
mile upstream from its confluence with the North Branch of the river.
Many summer homes, tourist cabins, and motels in Lincoln are located
on Route 3 along the North Branch of the Pemigewasset River.
The principal industry in the town is the Franconia Manufacturing
Corporation employing approximately 300 people. Sanitary wastes from
the paper mill and part of the town are treated at the municipal water
pollution control facility (WPCF).
WATER POLLUTION CONTROL FACILITY
The WPCF consists of approximately 10 acres of stabilization pond
in two five acre cells, operating in series 0
Sewage flow is comminuted prior to entering the first cell which is
aerated. The overflow from the second non-aerated cell is chlorinated
to a five milligram per liter residual in a chlorine contact chamber
having a designed detention time of fifteen minutes before discharged
to the East Branch of the Pemigewasset River.
Figure 6 is a flow diagram of the WPCF also showing sampling
locations and Figure 1 shows the location of the facility.

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TOWN OF LINCOLN, NEW HP 1 MPSHIRE
WATER POLLUTION CONTROL FACILITY
BASIC DESIGN DATA *
Population served 2000 (Year 1985)
Sewage flow (Year 2000) Average daily 0.74 mgd.- Peak 2.64 mgd.
Comminution 1 Unit, capacity 2 rngd. Bypass bar racks provided
Stabilization 2 ponds, each 5 acres. Operating depth:
3 to 5 Ft. Detention time: 30 days
(Loading: 200 persons per acre)
Chlorination 2 chiorinators, capacity: 200 lbs. per day each
(Dosage: 20 mg/I)
*Data from publication by Camp, Dressêi , & I fcKee
ttwater Pollution Control Facilities”, Lincoln, N.H., Dec., 1969
PEMIGEWASSEr RIVER
Figure 1 is a map of the general area and Table 1 locates and
describes the sampling stations. The Pemigewasset River originates
in Franconia and Lincoln, New Hampshire. It flows in a southerly
direction through the towns of Woodstock, Thornton, Campton, Holderness,
Plymouth, Ashland, Bridgewater, Bristol, New Hampton, Hill, Sanbornton, -
and Frankj 1 ,in where it joins the Merrimack River. The length of the
Pemigewasset River from the steel highway bridge on Route 3A in Lincoln,
about one-half mile north of the Lincoln-Woodstock town line, to the
highway bridge on Route 3 in Franklin, about 0.2 miles upstream from
Merrimack River, is about 56 miles.

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The I’r tuconia Mt nuCacturJng Corporation discharge is located
approximately one mile upstream from the Route 3A bridge on the
East Branch of the Pemigewasset River, an interstate body of water,
as is the Pemigewasset River downstream from its confluence with
the East Branch.
The East Branch of the Pemigewasset River from the Franconia
Manufacturing Corporation effluent discharge downstream to its
confluence with the North Branch has been classified “C” by the
N.H. WSPCC which was approved by the U.S. Department of Interior
on December 1, 1970.
SAMPLING INFORMATION
Table 1 locates and describes the sampling locations. Most
samples wer collected, preserved, and analyzed according to EPA
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater where
applicable. The only exception being the spent sulfite liquor anal-
ysis by the Pearl-Benson Method recommended by the Technical Assoc-
iation of the Pulp and Paper Industry. The EPA Region I chain of
custody record system was used to safeguard the samples.
RESULTS
Tables 2 through 4 summarize the results of the laboratory
analyses. An efflciencystudy is presented in Table 5 of the WWTP
and WPCF which are the two main pollutionáliources the East
Branch of the Pemigewasset River in Lincoln, New Hampshire.
WHITE WATER TREATMENT PLANT (WWTP )
The WWTP was functioning fully during the survey, with the ex-
ception of one of the two clarifiers. The company reported some
problems with flocculation by liquid alum addition which was started

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on the survey date.
The 1 WTP receives a calculated 7 mgd(inillion gallons per day)
of process wastes containing 5800 pounds of suspended solids and
12,800 pounds of BUD 5 . It removes approximately l2L 0 ppd (pounds
per day) or 21% of the suspended solids. However, the unit only
removes 1360 ppd of 5-day biochemical oxygen demanding (BOD 5 ) material,
or less than 11%. Analyses of the influent and effluent from the W ’ITP
is given in Table 2.
The WWTP effluent constituents are present in concentrations so
as to create the foflowing pollution load on the river:
Plant River
Loading indicated by * Loading indicated by *
Parameter _ grab sample analyses composite sample analyses
BOD 5 11,500 ppd 13,1 00 ppd
Suspended solids 1 6iO ppd 1. 300 ppd
Settleable solids 1830 ppd 6L S ppd
N}1 3 - N 1165 ppd 1980 ppd’
* Based on three grab sample analyses
* Based on twelve hour composite sample analyses collected
from 1730 hours, April L , to 01 30 hours, April 5, 1972

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The effluent also contained total coliform bacterial densities
in excess of 3,000,000 per 100 milliliters and was highly turbid.
The samplers noticed a strong odor from the effluent.
Another outfall was observed to be discharging yard drainage
from the vicinity of the WWTP. This yard is caked with lime due to
sloppy feeding methods. The discharge, which was milky white in
appearance, may contain large amounts of lime.
WATER POLLUTION CONTROL FACILITY (wPCF )
Analyses of the influent and effluent from the WPCF is given
in Table 3 • Based upon a calculated discharge rate of 200,000 gpd
and measured effluent concentrations, the following pollutional
loadings are placed on the East Branch of the Pemigewasset River:
River
Parameter Loading (ppd )
BOD 5 14.5
Suspended solids 13.5
Settleable solids 305
NH 3 -N 13.4
The effluent also contains a chlorine residual in excess of 4.5
milligrams per liter (mg/I) and a total coliform bacterial density
of less than 1000 per 100 milliliters. The sampling crew observed
a leak in the chlorine feed line inside the ‘contact chamber during
the reconnaissance survey of March 29, 1972 and again on April 5, 1972
during the sampling survey.
By comparing the WWTP and WPCF loading rates, it can be estab- -
lished that the major pollutional source is that of the Franconia

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Manufacturing Corporation WWTP discharge.
EAST BRANCFI-PEMICEWASSET RIVER
Analytical results generated from river sampling are given in
Table 4.
Upstream of Mill :
The temperature in the river upstream of the mill(EBP1)ranged
between 0.5 and 1.0°C. The level of turbidity was below 5 J.T.U.
and the concentration of total nonfilterable residue (a measure of
suspended solids) averaged approximately 3 mg/i. The dissolved
oxygen content of the river at this location was near saturation.
The average BOD 5 concentration was less than 1.2 mg/I. This is a
normal background BOD 5 for waters caused by natural organics. Also,.
a total coliform bacterial density upstream of the mill averaged
16/100 ml.
In addition, analyses for ammonia-nitrogen (NH 3 -N) and spent
sulfite liquor (S.S.L.) was accomplished in order to determine back-
ground levels present upstream of the mill. The NH 3 -N concentration
averaged 0.0]. mg/i; the S.S.L. concentration was less than 15 mg/i.
Stream conditions at the time of the sampling were characterized
as high flow, turbulence, and low temperature.
Between WWTP effluent and WPCF effluent
The concentrations of all measured constituents increased
markedly between the mill and the WPCF (EBP2) as compared with the
upstream concentrations except for the dissolved oxygen level which
decreased.
A temperature rise of between 4 and 5 Centigrade degrees was

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observed; the level of turbidity increased from an average 3 to 24
J.T.U.; suspended solids concentration rose to an average 15.5 mg/i;
BOD 5 concentration increased to 47 mg/i; total coiiforrn density in-
creased considerably to an average greater than 283,000/100 ml.; NH 3 -N
concentration increased to 5.2 mg/i and S.S.L. concentration averaged
382 mg/i. All increases in concentrations are attributable to the
type of waste being discharged from the Francoriia Manufacturing
Corporation WWTP. The dissolved oxygen level decrease to 11.4 mg/i
in the reach of the rivar between the mill and the WPCF is indic-
ative of the deoxygenating potential of the WWTP effluent.
Downstream of the WPCF
Increased mixing and dilution resulted in lower concentrations
downstream of the WPCF(EBP3) as compared with those in the river be-
tween the mill and the WPCF, with the exception of dissolved oxygen
content. However, the constituents present in the river downstream
of the WPCF still combine to form an antagonistic environment for
fish and other aquatic life.
The temperature level decreased to approximately 1.7°C; tur-
bidity to 10 J.T.U.; suspended solids to 4.3 mg/I; BOD 5 to 9.1 mg/i;
to 1.0 mg/i; and S.S.L. to 83 mg/i. The dissolved oxygen level
rose to an average 12.7 mg/i. The rise in D.0. is attributable to the
reaeration potential of the river in this reach. The average coliform
density downstream of the WPCF was 1,500,000/100 ml. The sampling
crew observed an odor at this location similar to that noticed at the
WWTP effluent.

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DISCUSSION
FRANCONIA MANUFACTURING CORPORATION
Figures 2 and 3 are schematic diagrams of the pulp and paper
mill processes. The washing process is the only opera ion in the
pulp mill incorporating a countercurrent flow cycle. Significant
water usage reduction methods using additional recycling and counter-
current flow processes could possibly be proposed by a water management
study. Such a study could show methods for reducing water consumption
thus producing a lower volume but more concentrated waste which would
be easier to treat.
The Copeland Incineration Process appeared to be operating
properly although a significant quantity of ammonia was present in
the WWTP effluent. Facilities for ammonia removal should be incorp-
orated into the WWTP. Such a system may be economically justified
in that recovered ammonia can be used to supplement the cooking
liquor requirements of the pulp mill.
The bark pile is located above the mill on the bank of the
East Branch of the Pemigewasset River in an area which was at one
time, a pond. Bark and knots fromthe pulp mill and sludge from
the WWTP are trucked to the dump. The bark pile should be eliminated
since the leachate produced from the bark and sludge dumped in this
area C&1 create a pollutional load on the river. The bark could be
incinerated and the by-product steam could supplement the steam re-
quirements of the mill. The possibility of burning ‘pludge should be
investigated. If necessary, the sludge could be trucked to a properly
operated sanitary landfill.

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W1ilTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
Table 5 contains an efficiency study of the WWTP. Additional
treatment is necessary to increase the efficiency of this facility.
The lime cake on the ground in the vicinity of the WWTP should be
eliminated. The yard drains in this area carry off the lime into
the river creating another pollutional load on the East Branch of
the Pemigewasset River. Due to a problem in the past with one of
the two clarifiers, sludge was dumped on the ground at the periphery
of the WWTP. This waste could also be carriedto the river through
the yard drains by the spring runoff.
WATER POLLUTION CONTROL FACILITY
As can be seen from the analytical results given in Table 3,
the influent to the WPCF can be categorized as weak. This indicates
a high infiltration rate which should not be present in a new sewer
system such as this.
The WPCF may be overdesigned since the 10 acres of lagoons at
this facility receive only 14 pounds BOD 5 per acre. The effluent
is low in organic content and bacterial density. Table 5 shows the
efficiency of the WPCF.
EAST BRANCH-PEMIGEWASSET RIVER
Analyses of samples taken in the river upstream of the mill
indicate that the State-Federal water quality classification (Class B)
is met. However, the river below the mill contains organic matter,
bacteria, suspended solids, NH 3 -N, and S.S.L in concentrations above
those which would be considered acceptable for the established use

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classification (Class C) for this reach of the river.
The BOD 5 concentrations in the river below the mill indicate
a very strong deoxygenating waste being introduced, ,by the WWTP
effluent and the leachat entering the river from the bark pile
area. The decrease in BOD 5 concentrations between Stations EBP-2
and EBP-3 is attributable to increased dilutionb
The effluent from the WWTP and the bark pile leachate, because
of the organic content, will create an oxygen deficit in the river.
During periods of low river flow and/or warm temperatures, low D.O.
levels can inhibit the growth and activity of fish and other aquatic
life.
Because of the WWTP effluent suspended solids concentration,
fish propagation may be diminished. Suspended solidsare iminical
to aquatic life by causing abrasive injuries; by clogging the hills;
and by blanketing the bottom thereby destroying spawning beds, kill-
ing eggs,young,iand food organisms. In the presence of even low
concentrations of toxic substances, fish may be so weakened that the
abrasive and clogging actions of suspended solids become more effect-
ive and dangerous, and even lethal.
The WWTP effluent contains excessive NH 3 -N thereby creating an
average concentration in the river between the mill and the WPCF of 5.2 rng/l.
The effect of NH 3 -N at a concentration as low as 1.0 mg/i decreases
the ability of hemoglobinto combine with oxygen resulting in suffo-
cation of fish. The toxicity of NH 3 -N is markedly increased by.a
reduced dissolved oxygen content in the water.

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The S.S.L contains, in dissolved or very finely divided sus-
pension, approximately half the weight of the wood used for pulp-
ing and comprises fibre binding substances such as lignin, pectin,
hemicei].u].oses, sulfur dioxide, sulfites, organic acids, and other
organic and inorganic substances. Acid in reaction, the S.S.L is
high in BOD and organic matter with a pungent odor and has a char-
acteristic tendency to foam in receiving waters. S.S.L is inimical
to fish and other aquatic life in that it results in oxygen depletion
Exposures to S.S.L adversely affects the internal organs of fish
at concentrations as low as 10 mg/i.
Most of the S.S.L is incinerated in the Copeland Process. Flow-
ever, some is carried in the stock past the brown stock washers.
Any S.S.L which Is carried over is, when separated from the stock,
sent to the WWTP and to the river. The knots and other undigested
particles separated by the knotters are coated with S.S.L. This
S.S.L. will be carried into the river by the leachate from the bark
pile where the knots are dumped.
The S.S.L concentration in the East Branch of the Pemigewasset
River between the mill and the WPCF averaged 382 mg/i which reflects
the type of waste discharged to the river by the Franconia Manufac-
turing Corporation WWTP. Moreover, S.S.L imparts a definite taste
to fish flesh.
GENERAL ANALYSIS
The water quality of the East Branch of the Pemigewasset River
is degraded by the waste discharges from Franconia Manufacturing
Corporation and the Lincoln municipal WPCF.

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A marked increase in the river BOD, ba teria1 density, sus-
pended solids, turbidity, ammonia-nitrogen, and spent sulfite
liquor concentrations, and temperature level were.observed from
above the mill to below the WPCF. This is the reach into which
• Franconia Manufacturing Corporation and the WPCF discharge their
wastes.
These concentrations are considered to be above those which
would be considered acceptable for the established use classifica-
tion (Class C) for this reach of the river.

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TABLE J
SAMPLE STATION IDENTIFICATION
STATION LATITUDE LONGITUDE DESCRIPTION
0 0 II
(River)
ERP 1 44 03 25 71 38 05 Pemigewasset River at
Loon Mountain Bridge
EJP2 44 02 05 71 40 22 Pemigewasset River 0.5 miles
downstream from WWTP discharge
EBP3 44 01,49 71 40 47 Pemigewasset River at I - 93
/construction crossing
(WWTP)
FMC1 44 02 25 71 40 06 WWTP influent
FMC2 44 02 24 71 40 04 WWTP effluent to ditch
(wPcF)
LTP I 44 02 12 71 40 34 WPCF influent after
comminutor
LTPE 141402 10 71 40 37 WPCF effluent from chlorine
contact chamber

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LINCOLN. NEW HAMPskIR
J&t?r PoUijt,c p.)
Co,Jtro
p - -
Loo
5CF4LE -
______________________ a
Ft
—I
v i
,1•

Dv ip F Q A
QF PIC i
‘
rcr 1 R’c’cc
4
FIGURE 1

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FRANCONIA MANUFACTURING CORPORATION
PULP MILL FLOW DIAGRAM
BARK! ,DRY TRANSP0RT
I WATER
TO BARK WWTP
PILE
ABSORPTION
COLUMN
150 gpm
J,FOUL
W W TP
AMMONIUM
PA PER
MILL
FIGURE 2

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FRANCONIA MANUFACTURING CORPORATION
PAPER MILL
FROM PULP MILI BEATER
SOT/D ROOM
PURCHASED PULF
$0 T/D
FILLERS- CLAY
STARCH & ROSIN
SIZING CLEANERS
T 1 REJE TS
H O [ J
PAPER TO ____ ____ HEA J
ROLLERS f BOX
MACHIrLES
WHITE ) WWTP
WATER
CHEST
FIGURE 3

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FRANCONIA
WHITE
MANUFACTURING CORPORATI ON
WATER TREATMENT PLANT
PH CONTRI
(LIME OR SULFURIC ACID
TO
BARKPILE.
BY
TRUCK
WATER
0 ITCH
(ACTIVATED
SILICA& ALUM)
STATION FMC-2
FIGURE 4

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R JCON!A PAPER CORPORATION
ACIE) RECO\/ER”? SYSTEM
COPELAND PROCESS CORPORATION
TO\VM of LIWCOLP J
L COL , H& PS 4I!Z
SULHTE L)QUOR DISPOSAL PLANT
FIGURE 5
cop.Jc,GNse
GPM
I or2.A T Qc 5
CLW4 GA5
10 AXMO6. WATE.
p oxyGr 44 h
l00
U.
XCI48. JGEfL
5CB! 4 L% UI

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LINCOLN, NEW HAMPSHIRE
WATER POLLUTION CONTROL
BAR
RACKS•
FACILITY
STATION LTPI
CHLORINE
CONTACT
CHAMBER
FIGURE 6

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SANPLE ANALYSES
ABBREVIATIONS & UNITS OF MEASURE
ANALYSI S
Temp.
pH
D.O. (Probe)
BOD5
Total Coliforms
Fecal Coliforms
NH3 - N
S.S.L.
Cl 2 Residual
Turbidity
Settleable Solids
Total Residue
Total N.F.Residue
Fixed Residue
Fixed N.F.Residue
Letter Code:
DESCRIPTION
Temperature
Hydrogen ion concentration
Dissolved Oxygen
5 day biochemical
oxygen demand
Total Coliform bacteria
Fecal Coliform bacteria
Ammonia reported as Nitrogen
Spent sulfite liquor
Chlorine Residual
Turbidity
Weight of matter that mg/I
settles out in one hour
Total Solids mg/I
Total non-filterable residue
A measure of Suspended Solids) mg/I
Fixed Solids —
(A measure of inorganic Solid) mg/I
Fixed non-filterable Solids
(A measure of inorgani Suspended mg/I
Solids)
K - less than
J - estimated value
-L - greater than
UNITS OF MEASURE
0
Degrees Centigrade C C)
Standard Units (S.u.)
mg/i (milligrams/liter)
mg /1
per 100 milliliters(/IOO ml)
(/100 ml)
mg/I as nitrogen
mg/i as sulfur
mg / I
J.T.U.
(Jackson Candle Turbidity Uni

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TABLE
FRANCONIA MANUFACT “ IC CORPORATION
_WFIITEJ1ATER TRE I1 ENT PLANT
ANALYSES RESULTS
APRIL 5. 1972
DEPTH
TIME (FT.)
pH PROBE D.O.
(S.U.) (mg/i)
BOD COLIFORMS (MF/100m1)
(mg/i) Total Fecal
TATION
FMC 1 0630
- 0810
- 1000
FMC. 2 0630
- 0810
- 1000
- COMPOSITE
(1730-0430)
TATION TIME
FMC.1 0630
- 0810
- 1000
FMC 2 0630
- 0810
- 1000
- COMPOSITE
(1730-0430)
4.4
--
230
K100
K100
3.0
--
210
100
K100
302
220
200
K100
8.4
180
L3,000,000
KiOO
709
200
L3,000,000
K100
802
210
L3,000,000
K100
230
TEMP.
(°c)
15,0
15.0
15.0
1500
1600
1600
Total
(mg/i)
1053.2
1043.1
924.5
1329.7
1223.5
1221.5
1137.4
1.0
1.0
1 .0
1.0
100
1.0
100
Set .Solids
(mg/I)
iO7 3
_67 1
5202
1906
46 • 7
8.1
i4 5
7. 2
7.4
702
RESIDUE SERIES
F ± xe d
(mg / 1)
38709
610.6
54305
858.5
77305
78101
688.1
Total NP Fixed NP Turbidity NH 3 -N Cl 2 Residual
(mg/i) (mg/i) (J 0 T.U .) (mg/l) (mg/i)
130.9
9105
7900
8309
85.9
68.5
7305
6004
38.2
21.0
3208
i6 i
22.1
1102
110
80
96
54
63
52
73
2700
1500
1500
3400
KO . I
KU. 1

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TABLF 3
FRANCONIA MANIJFAC’ NC CORPORATION
LINCOLN MUNICIPAL LREATMENT PLANT
ANALYSES RESULTS
APRIL 5, 1972
DEPTH TEMP. p 11 PROBE D.O. BOD5 COLIFORNS (MF/ lOOml)
ATION TIME (FT.) (°C) (S.U.) (mg/i) (mg/i) Total Fecal
TPI 0730 1.0 5.0 J 118 4,000,000 1,000,000
0900 1.0 4.0 6.4 J 70 11,000,000 190,000
1000 1.0 -- 6.6 J 66 11,000,000 480,000
TPE 0730 1.0 2.0 6 8 504 1100 Ki000 KiOO
- 0900 1.0 1.0 - 6.2 7.3 K1000 K100
1030 1.0 1.0 6.8 7,4 7.6 Kl 000 K100
RESIDUE SERIES
Set. Solids o al Fixed Total NF Fixed NF ‘urbidity Nh —N Cl 2 Residual
ATION TIME (mg/i) mg/l) (mg/i) (rig/i) (mg/i) (J.T.U.) (mg/I)
0730 57.4 277.8 129.5 82.2 10,2 48
0900 13.7 230.2 141.6 29.4 0.8, 20
1000 25.6 241.8 139.9 42.8 40.5 27
TPE 0730 3.0 171.6 103.4 7.7 1,0 7.3 7,0 4.5
- 0900 0.0 i67 0 110.4 7.4 0.1 7 9.0 K5.O
1030 3.4 163.4 90.7 9.1 0,4 ii 7.0 4.5

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TABLI 4
FRANCONIA MANUFACTUR C CORPORATION
EAST BRANCH-PEMICEWASSET RIVER
ANALYSES RESULTS
APRIL 5, 1972
DEPTH TEMP. PROBE D.O.
STATION TIME (FT.) (°C) (mg/i)
S.S.L. BOD COLIFORMS (MF/1oc ].)
(mg/I) (mg/i) Total Fecal
Cl 2 Residual
(mg / 1)
NH 3 - N
(mg/I)
E BP 1
E BP 2
E BP3
0630
0820
0930
0710
0845
0955
0740
0915
1015
2.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.5
1.0
1.0
5.0
5.0
6.0
1.0
2.0
2.0
K15
K15
Kl5
396
381
369
80
86
85
Kl.2
Kl .2
Kl.2
46
48
48
8.5
10.0
8.8
STATION TIME
12
30
L 350,000
L 200,000
L 300,000
1,800,000
1,500,000
1,200,000
K2
2
K2
K1O
RiO
Kl0
KiOO
1 (100
Kl00
13.4
14.0
11.4
11.4
11.3
13.1
12.7
12.3
Total
(mg/i)
25.5
47.5
45.5
323.8
301.6
306.3
89.4
97.7
97.0
0
0
0
0
0.01
0.01
0.01
11.0
3.8
0.8
1.5
0.9
0.5
E BP 1
E BP2
E BP3
Set. Solids
(mg/l)
2.4
2.3
5.9
4.1
3.0
1.7
0630
0820
0930
0710
0845
0955
0740
0915
1015
RESIDUE SERIES
Fixed
(mg/i)
Total
(mg/i)
NF
Fixed
(mg/i)
NF
Turbidity
(J.T.U.)
1.5
9.9
33 .0
214.3
178.7
188.5
51.5
60. 5
59.0
2.6
3.2
3.2
14.7
17.6
14.3
5.9
6.9
1.2
0.4
1.0
0.2
3.2
0.1
2.0
0.8
0.5
0.2
0.7
4
5
24
28
21
11
10
10

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TABLE 5
EFFICI ENCY
WHITE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
Parameter PPD In PPD Out Removal efficiency
BOD 5 12,860 11,400 11%
Suspended solids 5800 4610 2l7
Settleable solids 4300 1800 58%
WATER POLLUTION CONTROL FACILITY
Parameter PPD In PPD Out Removal efficiency
BOD 5 J 142.0 14.4 J90%
Suspended solids 86.0 13.5 85%
Settleable solids 53.5 3.5 940/

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 FRANCONIA MANUFACTURING CORPORATION
EAST BRANCH OF THE PEMIGEWASSET RIVER
      LINCOLN, NEW HAMPSHIRE
          APRIL 5, 1972

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