SAMPLING AND ANALYSES OF SMALL METAL FINISHING INDUSTRIES March 1973 CONNECTICUT AND MASSACHUSETTS On March 1 and 6, personnel from the Environmental Protection Agency, Region I sampled a total of five small metal finishing indus- tries in Connecticut and Massachusetts. At the request of Permits Branch, Surveillance and Analysis Division's Technical Studies Section established a sampling program at three metal finishing industries in Connecticut and two in Massachusetts. The criteria for choosing the sampling locations were: 1) the industry must discharge less than 76 cubic meters (20,000 gallons) per day effluent, and 2) the industry must have an operating waste treatment system employing current technology. Approximately 20 industries were canvassed before finding five which met the established constraints. Four of the industries selected incorporated integrated systems developed by Lancy Laboratories, and one was a batch treatment system. Table 1 is a listing of the indus- tries sampled, their location, waste flow, and type of treatment, and Table 2 is a listing of abbreviations. Field reports and analyses are appended. ------- TABLE 1 SMALL METAL FINISHING INDUSTRIES SA IPLED MARCH 1 & 6, 1973 NAME LOCATION OPERATING DAY FLOW TREATMENT (HOURS) m 3 /day (gpd) Beaton & Corbin Southington, Conn. 0730 — 1630 32 — 40 Lancy Mfg. Co. (8500 — 10,500) Empire State Shelton, Conn. 0730 — 1730 59 Lancy Novelty (15,600) Star Pin Company ‘ Shelton, Conn. 0700 — 1600 (76 Lancy (<20,000) V. H. Blackington Attleboro, Mass. 0800 — 1700 103 Lancy Company (27,000) H. F. Barrows Co. North Attleboro, Mass. 0700 — 1700 9.1 Batch Treatment (2400) by William Domey max. batch/day ------- TABLE 2 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION UNITS OF MEASURE Ag silver micrograms per liter (ugh) Au gold ugh degrees centigrade CN cyanide milligrams per liter (ing/l) Cr chromium ugh Cr+ 6 hexavalent chromium ugh Cu copper ugh Fe iron ugh gpd gallons per day gpm gallons per minute J value reported is approximate K actual value known to be less than reported value L actual value known to be more than reported value lpd liters per day 1p m liters per minute M 3 /day cubic meters per day nf it non—f ilterable Ni nickel ug/l pH hydrogen ion concentration standard units Rh rhodium ugh Sn tin ugh tnf it total non—filterable residue mg/i Zn zinc ugh ------- BEATON & CORBIN MPG. Co. SOUTHINGTON, CONNECTICUT MARCH 1, 1973 Beaton & Corbin Manufacturing Co., Southington, Connecticut, is a machining and plating operation which produces, primarily, plumbing fixutres. The company plates nickel and chromium on such plumbing fixutres as sink traps, drain pipes, and pipe collars. At one time, Beaton & Corbin also plated copper, but they have eliminated this process and the use of cyanide at the company. The plating room operated from 0730—1630 hours Monday through Friday, and the total process waste flow averages 60 — 75 liters (16 — 20 gallons) per minute during the operating day. The process for piping begins with brass tubes which are machined to the desired configurations before being sent to the plating shop. Pipe collars are stamped from sheets of an unknown base metal and assembled in the machine shop before being sent to the plating room. In the plating room the fixtures are degreased and then sent to the plating process. The plating operation is on a continuous conveyor. Parts placed on the conveyor go to an alkali bath, acid dips, nickel plating and chromium plating, interspersed with rinses. Upon completion of the cycle, the plated parts are taken to parts bins for examination and storage until shipment. Beaton & Corbin Mfg. Co. uses five integrated systems developed by Lancy Laboratories for eliminating waste sources. The five systems treat nickel, copper, hexavalent chromium, trivalent chromium, and alkali plus floor spillage wastes. Copper treatment is required because of copper being dragged out of the brass tubing during the cleansing 1A ------- operations. Effluents from the plating process are separated so that each concentrated waste goes to the appropriate treatment tank for metal precipitation. With the exception of the alkali and floor drainage treatment, the treated effluents are recycled back to the processes from whence they came. Dilute rinse waters are discharged to a general waste collection sump in the plating room and are discharged to a sedimentation tank. Sedimentation is the only treatment given the sewered industrial waste waters. These industrial wastes come from the dilute rinse tanks, degreasing operations, and welder compressors. The wastes are combined In a 32 cubic meter (8500 gallons) rectangular settling tank which has a baffle at the downstream end. Some of the water passing over the baffle is recycled to the process rinse tanks and the excess discharges to an open ditch which drains to the Quinnipiac River about one—half mile away. Figure A—l is a schematic of the process operations. Sludges from the treatment systems are discharged to one of two on—site sludge drying beds. Dewatering is by evaporation and percolation to groundwater. The sludge and one quarter of the contents of each tank is withdrawn and discharged to a sludge bed periodically. For the alkali tank this occurs weekly and for the copper about once per month. Thenickel and chromium tanks are drawn down every two weeks. The system has been in operation approximately two years and to date only one drying bed has been used. Plant personnel typify the soil as fine gravel having excellent permeability. The drying bed 2A ------- NICKEL PLATE I r El 1 ______ 1 L DRYING I RACK t Compressor L__. ._RecyciedH 2 O __ __ -. Degr FLOW DIAGRAN BEATON & CORBIN MFG.,CO. k Sludge ‘ I Pump z cI 0 H NICKEL DRAG-OUT CHROME PLATE CHROME DRAG-OUT FIGURE A—i ------- has never been cleaned and total sludge accumulation is estimated to be 15—23 centimeters (5.9 — 9.1 inches) deep. The sampling program consisted of obtaining eight grab samples collected one hour apart, two 4—hour composite samples, and one operat- ing day composite sample (0730—1630 hours) of the final effluent. Samples were collected at the discharge to the open ditch (Station BCO1). All samples collected were analyzed for dissolved hexavalent chromium, total chromium, total and dissolved copper, nickel and zinc, and total non—filterable residue. In addition, the operating day composite was analyzed for cyanide, and the pH and temperature of the hourly grabs were recorded. The analytical results are shown in Table A—i. The files of the Connecticut Division of Water Pollution Control contained analytical data about a sample collected on August 15, 1972. The data on file are shown below. total chromium 0.14 mg/i nickel 0.60 mg/i copper 0.08 mg/i cyanide K0.01 mg/i zinc 0.26 mg/i total nflt. 3.40 mg/i residue 3A ------- TABLE A-i INDUSTRY NAME: BEATON & CORBIN MPG. CO. CITY, STATE: SOUTHINGTON, CONNECTICUT DATE: MARCH 1973 ANALYTICAL RESULTS STATION DATE TIME SAMPLE TEMP. pH TNPLT CYANIDE 1973 HOURS TYPE °C S.U. mg/i mg/i BCO1 03/01 0900 GRAB 17.5 6.3 BCO1 03/Oi 1000 GRAB 17.0 6.4 9 BCO1 03/01 1100 GRAB 19.5 7.0 5 BCO1 03/01 1200 CRAB 20.0 5.7 10 BCO1 03/01 1300 CRAB 20.0 5.9 6 BCO1 03/01 1400 GRAB 21.0 6.3 5 BCO1 03/01 1500 GRAB 21.5 6.8 5 BCO1 03/01 0800— COMP 2 KO.005 1600 BCO1 03/01 1300— COMP 5 1600 K — value known to be less than value reported ------- TABLE s -4 INDUSTRY NAME: BEATON & CORBIN MPG. CO. CITY, STATE: SOUTHINCTON, CONNECTICUT DATE: MARCH 1973 ANALYTICAL RESULTS STATION DATE TIME HOURS SAMPLE TYPE METALS U /1 NICKEL ZINC COPPER CHROMIUM TOTAL DISSOLVED TOTAL DISSOLVED TOTAL DISSOLVED TOTAL DISS . Cr’ 6 BCO1 03/01 0900 grab 380 290 220 60 400 120 960 204 BCO1 BCO1 03/01 03/01 1000 1100 grab grab 510 620 440 540 300 400 150 350 500 660 220 300 1085 1110 138 50 BCO1 03/01 1200 grab 650 580 460 340 770 0 1310 10 BCO1 03/01 1300 grab 580 500 420 290 650 260 1045 30 BCO1 03/01 1400 grab 660 610 360 240 550 260 1010 103 BCO1 03/01 1500 •‘ grab 780 700 370 240 510 250 1275 275 BCO1 03/01 1600 grab 820 740 500 330 660 370 1305 109 BCO1 03/01 0800— 1600 comp. 600 480 360 220 800 240 990 93 BCO1 03/01 0900— 1200 comp. 560 450 420 190 580 240 1080 68 , BCO1 03/01 1300— 1600 comp. 710 630 400 280 600 290 1215 115 ------- INDUSTRIAL WASTE SURVEY 1P IRE STATE NOVELTY SHELTON, CONNECTICUT Empire State Novelty Company in Shelton, Connecticut manufac- tures clasps for ladies’ pocketbooks. The clasps are formed at the plant from pieces cut from a steel ribbon, then plated. Plating con- sists of a series of washes and rinses followed by a nickel dip, nickel recovery, nickel treatment, rinse, brass flash, cyanide rinse treat- ment, two more rinses and a drying step. The wastewater from this pro- cess is treated by Lancy integrated systems for nickel and cyanide. Figure B—i Is a flow diagram of the plant’s process. Constant overflow from the nickel treatment and the cyanide rinse treatment tanks in the plating line Is fed by gravity to two approxi- mately 7.5 cubic meter (2000 gallon) treatment tanks. In the nickel tank the pH is adjusted to between 10.5 and 11.0 with caustic soda (NaOH) and the nickel ions bond with hydroxide to form a precipitate which settles to the bottom of the tank. The clear liquid from the top of the tank Is then piped back to the plating system for re—use • The tank and the pipes to and from the tank are periodically cleared of this sludge build—up with an acid solution which is pumped through them. Sludge is deposited into two lagoons outside the plant. The cyanide is treated by alkaline chlorination using sodium hypo— chlorite. The reaction when carried to completion converts the cyanide to carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) and nitrogen (N 2 ) gases. Clear liquid from the top of the tank is then piped back to the plating operation. Spillage from the other tanks in the operation enters floor drains and is gravity fed to one of two 1.9 cubic meter (500 gallon) tanks Bi ------- 1 Wa a 000 WiVWl 000 ,00 —no. “It J c&’ . SV V _ cr. - — MtCKt L Pc rr flc a ____ (_‘_•t-. I ,eA fr1c.\ ( J4 E 5L’JD ‘ ID A o’ J AU U WA j f t iZit S(E 1 ’l R$c + Wt TER.— 4r *1 ‘ I( \AIATER-\ç . - b - - 1 CYMJIp (- (CA S1iC ODA/ 1 ’ VE it?UCFiot ) I 1R tc ) a-_i Fl9ure ------- where it is periodically treated on a batch basis. The rinse tank after the nickel treatment tank and the two rinse tanks following the cyanide rinse treatment tank are gravity fed to a 6.3 cubic meter (2400 gallon) tank. Here the pH is monitored and adjusted before the wastes are discharged into the Housatonic River (See Figure B—i). This water is crystal clear but could contain residual quantities of cyanide, nickel and possibly iron. Sludge from the nickel treatment is sent to a sludge dying bed. Water is removed by evaporation or percolation to groundwater. SAMPLING INFORMATION On March 1, 1973, five sets of grab samples and three composite samples were collected from this holding tank which was being filled at approximately 98 liters (26 gallons) per minute. The grab samples were analyzed for oil and grease, cyanide, total suspended solids, dissolved metals and total metals (copper, nickel, iron, zinc). One operating day composite sample and two four—hour composite samples were prepared and analyzed for cyanide, total nonfilterable residue, dissolved metals and total metals, giving a total of 12 individual composite samples. The results of the analyses are shown in Tables B—i and B—2. The State of Connecticut’s files contained analytical data on a one—hour composite sample collected from Empire State Novelty on March 25, 1971. The data are shown below: total chromium 0.0 mg/i zinc 0.2 mg/i copper 0.2 mg/i iron 1.8 mg/i nickel 0.8 mg/i cyanide 0.1 mg/i B2 ------- TABLE b—i EMPIRE STATE NOVELTY SHELTON, CONNECTICUT MARCH 1973 ANALYTICAL RESULTS STATION DATE TIME SAMPLE TYPE TEMP °C p fGL) S.U. TNPLT mg/i CYANIDE mg/i OIL & GREASE mg/i ENO1 3/1/73 0800 grab 7 J8 ———— ———— ENO1 3/1/73 0930 grab 7 j7 ii ———— 2.4 ENO1 3/1/73 1000 grab 7 J8 14 ———— ENO1 3/1/73 1100 grab 6 J8 11 ———— 2.4 ENO1 3/1/73 1204 grab 7’ j7 14 ———— ENO1 3/1/73 1320 grab 6 j7 10 ———— ENO1 3/1/73’ 1406 grab 6 j7 15 ———— ENO]. 3/1/73 1500 grab 6 J8 25 ———— ENO1 3/1/73 1600 grab 7 J8 15’ ———— ENO]. 3/1/73 1700 grab 7, J8 9 ———— ENO1 ENO1 ENO1 3/1/73 3/1/73 3/1/73 0800— 1700 0800— 1100 12flfl— 1700 composite composite composite ———— ———— ———— ———— ———— ———— 8 13. 21 0.095 0.048 0.100 3 1 — Color comparator pH ribbon paper used. J — Approximate value. ------- TABLE B—_ EMPIRE STATE NOVELTY Co. MARCH 1, 1973 ANALYTICAL RESULTS STATION TIME SAMPLE TYPE — METALr ugh COPPER ugh NICKEL ugh 1 IRON - ugh ZINC ugh TOTAL DISSOLVED TOTAL DISSOLVED TOTAL DISSOLVED TOTAL DISSOLVED ENO 1 0800 grab ENO1 0930 grab 240 100 430 280 3065 1210 550 160 ENO1 1000 grab 280 40 420 180 2875 10 460 0 ENO1 1100 grab 250 40 430 190 2725 25 380 ENO1 1204 grab 290 30 50 140 2965 10 380 0 ENO1 1320 grab 280 40 560 180 3060 15 410 10 ENO1 1406 grab 240 20 500 80 3150 10 380 0 ENO1 1500 grab 260 20 560 60 3100 5 360 0 ENO1 1600 grab 260 20 580 70 3150 15 380 0 ENO1 1700 grab 240 20 490 70 3125 5 340 0 ENO 1 0800— composIte 240 80 460 160 3045 2180 460 1700 ENO1 0800— composite 200 50 380 190 3045 445 650 1100 ENO1 1200— composite 260 30 480 140 2900 10 390 0 1700 ------- STAR PIN COMPANY SHELTON, CONNECTICUT MARCH 1, 1973 Star Pin Company, Shelton, Connecticut, manufactures common pins, pins with plastic heads and assorted other small wire formed garment hooks. Base materials are rolls of steel or brass wire of various dia- meters depending on the product. These are plated with nickel or tin or are “black treated” with steel or brass oxides. Prior to the plating operation, the products are tumbled together with sawdust to remove sur- face oil and grease. After separation from the sawdust, they pass through a number of cleaning solutions, rinses and an acid rinse. The pins are then rinsed with clear water and placed in the appropriate plat- ing tank. From the plating tank the pins are transferred to either a nickel or cyanide treatment tank (depending on plating being done). The treatment tank removes and treats the dragout from the plating tank. The pins are then placed in a clear water rinse. Following the plating operation the plated material is passed through a bright dip process. “Bright dipping” consists of immersing the product in a hot cleaner, clean water rinse, CN solution, CN treat- ment rinse and then another clean water rinse. These stages may differ from metal to metal and finish desired, but the process is similar. The products are then tumbled dry and polish d with powdered corn husks and sent to packaging. Star Pin currently uses Lancy Laboratory’s integrated nickel and cyanide treatment systems and batch treatment for floor spills. The nickel is treated in closed system by raising the pH to 11 with caustic soda to precipitate metal hydroxides. The process treatment tankts Cl ------- continuous overflow drains to a settling tank and the treated water is recycled to the process tanks. This is also done for cyanide and other metals. Cyanide treatment employs a solution of hypochiorite. Both Integrated tanks are monitored for pH with an alarm system being activated below pH 9. The floor spills are split into acid and alkaline spills. Both are batch treated by raising the pH and addition of hypo— chlorite to the alkaline tank for CN treatment. The tanks are settled overnight and then have the clear liquid pumped off to the final neu- tralization tank. All of the clear water rinses and detergent cleaning overflows prior to acid cleaning or plating, are discharged through the final neutralization tank which is monitored for pH. If the neutraliza- tion tank drops below pH 6, caustic is fed in automatically to bring the pH up again. The neutralization tank then discharges to the tail race of a water wheel and then to the Naugatuck River. The sludge deposit in the floor spili tanks and integrated treat- ment tanks are pumped periodically to 55 gallon drums and the contents removed by a scavenger named Mayhew. SAMPLING INFORMATION On March 1, 1973, two four—hour composite samples, an operating day composite sample and eight grab samples were taken from the final neutralization tank (Station SP—l). Temperature and pH were recorded at the time of sampling. Samples were collected and analyzed for total metals (Ni, Sn, Fe, Zn, Cu), dissolved metals (same), oil and grease, cyanide, and total suspended solids. A grab sample was taken of the influent rinse water (canal water designated Station SPC) and a grab sample was taken of the treated clear liquid from the floor spill tanks (Station SP—2). Analytical data are in Table Cl. C2 ------- Accurate flow measuring equipment was not available at the plant. State of Connecticut records indicate that the discharge from the plant is less than 75 cubic meters (20,000 gallons) per day. C3 ------- STAR P 1 1 . OMPANY SHELTON, CONNECTIC liT FLOW DIAGRAM N7 r See Coding Key ------- KEY TO FLOW DIAGRAM STAR PIN COMPANY 1. Preliminary cleaning, degreasing (no discharge) and associated clear water rinses. 2. Clear water rinses. 3. Plating tank for either nickel or tin.* 4. Integrated treatment process tank for nickel, cyanide and tin. a. Integrated treatment tank overflow. b. Integrated treatment reservoir and settling tank. c. Chemical mix tank, caustic for nickel, hypochiorite for cyanide. 5. a. Floor spill catch basin (acid or alkali). b. Batch treatment for floor spills (acid or alkali). 6. Final neutralization tank. 7. Barrels sludge is pumped to for holding until removal by scavenger. A. Clear water overflow line. B. Integrated treatment return line. C. Integrated treatment overflow line. D. Floor spill line. E. Clear liquid removal line. (After batch treatment, one for each acid and alkali tanks.) F. Chemical feed line for integrated treatment. G. Chemical feed line for floor spill tanks and final neutralization tank (hypochiorite for alkali spills, caustic for acid floor spill tank and final neutralization tank). H. Sludge removal line from integrated treatment and floor spii 1 tanks (hand held). * Black treating has similar system but uses an activation tank, then oxidizing tank and then to cyanide. Bright dip process also follows similar system after plating operation. C4 ------- TABLE C STAR PIN COMPANY SHELTON, CONNECTICUT MARCH 1, 1973 ANALYTICAL RESULTS STATION DATE TINE SAMPLE TYPE TEMP °C pH S.U. TNPLT mg/i CYANIDE mg/i OIL & GREASE mg/i SP—1 3/1/73 0740— 1040 comp. ———— ——— 1.5 KO.005 SP—1 3/1/73 1140— 1440 comp. ———— ——— 1 0.005 SP—1 3/1/73 0740— 1540 comp. ———— ——— 1 0.003 ————— SF—i 3/1/73 0840 grab 4 7.9 5 SP—1 3/1/73 0940 grab 3 7.9 ——— SP—i 3/1/73 1040 grab 4 7.6 3 - SF—i 3/1/73 1140 grab 3 6.9 1 SP—1 3/1/73 1240 grab 3 6.9 2 SP—1 3/1/73 1340 grab 4 7.9 8 SP—1 3/1/73 1440 grab 3 6.9 2 ——— SF—i 3/1/73 1540 grab 3 6.8 5 - SP—2 3/1/73 0700 grab ———— ——— 12 J 15.3 SPC 3/1/73 1050 grab 4 5.5 3 J - Ap proxiinate value V — A -f-i, 1 T lI1P kT,twn 1n h 1 cs than renorted value. ------- TABLE Cl CONT. STAR PIN COMPANY SHELTON, CONNECTICUT MARCH 1, 1973 ANALYTICAL RESULTS STATION DATE TIME SAMPLE METALS ugh TYPE NICKEL ZINC COPPER TOTAL DISSOLVED TOTAL DISSOLVED TOTAL DISSOLVED SP—1 3/1/73 0740— 1040 camp. 1190 1180 280 180 120 60 SP—1 3/1/73 1140— 1440 camp. —— 940 40 40 20 5 SP—1 3/1/73 0740— 1540 camp. —— 1170 90 30 SP—1- 3/1/73 0840 grab 1100 1040 260 150 50 10 SP—1 3/1/73 0940 grab 1230 760 140 30 220 160 SP—]. 3/1/73 1040 grab 2760 2310 320 180 160 40 SP—1 3/1/73 1140 grab —— 990 —— 30 20 10 SP—1 3/1/73 1240 grab —— 530 20 0 20 5 SP—1 3/1/73 1340 grab —— 1790 120 100 60 5 SP—1 3/1/73 1440 grab 340 320 100 10 100 0 SP—1 3/1/73 1540 grab 1860 1840 —— 40 20 20 SP—2 3/1/73 0700 grab 820 120 300 80 310 190 SPC 3/1/73 1050 grab Q 0 10 0 5 ------- VH. BLACKINCTON COMPANY ATTLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS March 6, 1973 V.H. Blackington Company manufactures emblems, badges and trophies. These are die stamped or cast at the plant or purchased from an outside source. The die struck Items are made from steel, tin or brass and the castings are white metal. Some of the badges and emblems are partially enameled prior to plating. Plating is done following degreasing and cleaning in a series of detergent tanks and clear water rinses. The type of plating done is dependent upon customer requirements with gold, nickel, copper, silver or rhodium. The plating operation includes preliminary rinsing, bright dipping, treatment rinse and final clear water rinsing. The plated product is then dried, polished and assembled. Trophies are either free standing or suspended in clear plastic. Treatment consists of Lancy integrated systems for nickel, cyanide and copper. This involves a continuously overflowing process treatment rinse that cycles through a large settling tank. Caustic soda is added to maintain the entire system at pH 11. The pH adjustment causes the metal ions to precipitate out as hydroxides. Hypochiorite is added to treat the cyanide. Settled sludge in the treatment tanks is pumped to a sludge drying lagoon at the rate of approximately 380 liters (100 gallons) per week. Dewatering occurs by evaporation and percolation to groundwater. Floor spills are batch treated in a large tank by addition of caustic soda and hypochiorite if necessary. The solids and liquids from the floor spill tank are both pumped to the lagoon. Clear water rinses overflow and are discharged to a small stream which flows to the Ten Mile River. The rinse water passes through a ------- chemical mix tank prior to discharge and is monitored for pH. If the pH f ails below 6, caustic soda is added to raise the pH to be- tween 6 and 9. This tank also serves as a settling tank but had not been pumped in approximately 18 months. This creates a problem when the caustic is added as a mixer resuspends a great many solids. The discharge from the neutralization tank is about 0.19 cubic meters (50 gallons) per minute. Sampling consisted of collecting two four—hour composite samples, one operating day composite sample and eight grab samples from the final neutralization tank (VHB—1). The samples were analyzed for total metals (Cu, Au, Rh, Sn), dissolved metals (same, cyanide* and total sus- pended solids. All samples were preserved according to EPA Standard Methods. Analytical data appear in Table D—l. *Cyanide was run on composites only D2 ------- TABLE D—1 V. H. BLACKINGTON COMPANY ATTLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS MARCH 1973 ANALYTICAL RESULTS STATION DATE TIME HR SAMPLE TYPE TEMP °C pH S.U. TNFLT mg/i CYANIDE mg/i V}IB—1 03/06 0830— 1130 comp. ———— ———— 7 2.25 VHB—1 03/06 1330— 1630 comp. ———— ———— 2 0.006 VHB—1 03/06 0830— 1630 comp. ———— ———— 20 0.212 VHB—1 03/06 0830 grab 12 ———— 26 ————— VHB—1 03/06 0930 grab 12 6.4 12 ————— V ILE—i 03/06 1030 grab 12 6.1 4, 2.0 VILE—i 03/06 1130 grab 12 7.0 6 ————— VRB—1 03/06 1330 grab 12 9.7 12 VILE—i 03/06 1430 grab 12 9.2 4 ———— VHB—1 03/06 1530 grab 12 6.5 14 - ————— VILE—i 03/06 1630 grab 12 6.4 2 ------- TABLE Dri. cont. V. H. BLACKINCTON COMPANY ATTLEBORO, MASSACIITJSETTS MARCH 6, 1973 ANALYTICAL RESULTS STATION - DATE TIME SAMPLE TYPE . METi LS ugh NICKEL —- ZTNC — COPPER RHODIU}1 TOTAL DISSOLVED TOTAL DISSOLVE] TOTAL DISSOLVED TOTAL DISSOLVED VHB—1 03/06 0830— comp. 285 65 260 250 6100 2900 0 0 1130 VHB—1 03/06 1330— comp. 110 150 1020 380 0 0 1630 VIIB—1 03/06 0830— comp. 135 100 200 2640 1500 0 0 1630 VHB—1 03/06 0830 grab 295 110 580 550 12500 8250 0 0 VMS—i 03/06 0930 grab ——— 110 150 —- — 1880 0 0 VHB—1 03/06 1030 grab 145 120 250 1520 1340 0 0 V aR—i 03/06 1130 grab 120 55 110 0 1550 320 0 0 VMS—i 03/06 1330 grab 105 65 90 0 1160 280 0 0 VHB—1 03/06 1430 grab 145 120 45 0 860 330 0 0 VHB—1 03/06 1530 grab 120 110 280 250 1240 700 0 0 VMS—i 03/06 1630 grab 170 130 50 420 380 0 0 ------- PROCESS FLOW CHART V.H. Blackington Co. Attleboro, Ma. To River it5b To Drying Lagoon I __ 3 4a a 2 See Coding Key ------- KEY TO FLOW CHART V. H. BLACKINCTON COMPANY 1. Preliminary cleaning and degreasing (no discharge). 2. Clear water rinses. 3. Plating tank for one of the following: Ni, Cu, Au, Ag, Rh. 4. a. Process line integrated treatment tank, for one of the following: Ni, Cu, Cn. b. Integrated treatment reservoir and settling tanks. c. Treatment chemical stock tank. Soda ash for nickel, hydro— sulfite for copper and hypochiorite for cyanide treatment. 5. a. Final neutralization tank for clear water rinses. b. Stock tank for caustic soda, if pH of 5a. falls below 6, this is added. 6. a. Floor spii 1 catch for basin. b. Batch treatment for floor spills. A. Clear water rinse continuous overflow line. B. Integrated treatment tank continuous overflow line to reservoir. C. Integrated treatment continuous return line. D. Floor spill drain line. E. Integrated treatment chemical feed line. F. Neutralization tank chemical feed line. C. Treatment sludge removal line. D5 ------- INDUSTRIAL WASTE SURVEY H. F. BARROWS COMPANY NORTH ATTLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS H. F. Barrows Company of North Attleboro, Massachusetts pro- duces various types of fine jewelry. The process operations which contribute to the contamination of the wastewater include barrel finishing, electro—plating, pickling and bright dipping operations. The heaviest contamination comes from the elctro—plating, pickling and bright dipping operations. During the elctro—plating operation, nickel, gold and rhodium are electrolytically bonded to brace and sterling silver, From this operation, large quantities of acids, cyanide and heavy metals contaminate the wastewater flow. The pickling and bright dipping operations create various metal oxide and acid wastes, The wastewaters from the above operations have been completely segregated. The acid wastes are piped to one of the two 5.7 cubic meters (1500 gallon) acid waste treatment tanks. Caustic soda (NaOH) is used’to maintain a pH range of 8.7 to 9.3. Forced air then gently mixes the wastes in the tank for about 15 minutes to facilitate floccu- lation, the contents of the tank are allowed to settle for approximately 12 hours. Every two to two and one—half days a tank of treated acid waste is discharged to the Ten Mile River. The cyanide containing wastes are piped to one of two 3.4 cubic meter (900 gallon) cyanide destruction tanks. Caustic soda is used to raise the pH higher than 9.0 and calcium hypochiorite is added to con- vert the cyanide to cyanate. El ------- As the hypochlorite is added, the tank is gently mixed by forced air for a short time. If a chlorine residual between 2.0 and 3.0 mg/i persists after two hours, the pH is adjusted to between 8.7 and 9.3. The tank is again gently mixed and allowed to settle for approximately 12 hours. After the required settling time, the treated waste having a chlorine residual of 0.5—3.0 mg/i and a pH of 8.7 — 9.3’s discharged to the Ten Mile River. A tank of treated cyanide waste is discharged every three to five days. SAMPL ING INFORMATION On March 6, 1973, three sets of grab samples were collected at the influent to the acid waste treatment tank (ACOI), the effluent from the acid waste treatment tank (ACOE), the influent to the cyanide destruction tank (CNOI) and the effluent from the cyanide destruction tank (CNOE). These samples were collected as the tank was discharging. the first set at the start of discharge , the second when the tanks were half emptied, and the third just prior to the end of the drainage. All samples collected from the acid tank were analyzed for nonfilterable residue, pH and total and dissolved copper, zinc, rhodium and nickel. The samples collected from the cyanide destruction tank were analyzed for nonfilterable residue, pH, cyanide and total and dissolved copper, zinc, rhodium and nickel. One set of grab samples was collected from the town water supply (RFBCWI) and analyzed for total and dissolved copper, zinc, rhodium and nickel. E2 ------- H • F. BARROW MPANY ATTLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS MARCH 6, 1973 ANALYTICAL RESULTS STATION TIME SAMPLE TYPE TEMP °C pH S.U. TNFLT mg/i CYANIDE mg/i CNOI 1030 grab 15 9.6 3 72.25 CNOI 1230 grab 14 9.0 2 CNOI CNOE CNOE CNOE ACOI ACOI 1430 1030 1230 1430 0925 1130 grab grab grab grab grab grab 15 18, 18 20 25 23 9.6 10.7 10.5 10.5 7.2 2.5 1 5 1 4 H 5 69.00 15.00 14.2 12.25 ACOI ACOE ACOE ACOE 1330 0925 1130 1330 grab grab grab grab 25 20 20 20 [ 6.0 10.4 10.2 10.4 0 2 1’ 1 f HFBCW1 1300 grab ———— ———— ------- H. F. BARR. COMPA 1Y ATTLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS MARCH 6, 1973 ANALYT ICAL RESULTS STATION TIME SANPLE TYPE METALS ugh COPPER ZINC NICKEL RHODIUM TOTAL DISSOLVED TOTAL DISSOLVED TOTAL DISSOLVED TOTAL DISSOLVED CNOI 1030 grab ——— 2180 900 250 165 0 0. CNOI 1230 grab ——— 770 — 500 80 0 0 CNOI 1430 grab ——— 890 ——— 850 80 0. 0 CNOE 1030 grab 1520 260 0.0 0.0 75 K25.O 0, 0 CNOE 1230 grab 1390 270 0.0 0.0 105 K25.O 0 0 CNOE 1430 grab 1030 280 0.0 0.0 25 K25.O 0. 0 ACOI 0925 grab 320 300 ——— 50.0 2540 2500 0. 0 ACOI 1130 grab 14,300 960 170 7300 0. 0 ACOI 1330 grab 380 320 ——— 50 3625 3075 0 0 ACOE 0925 grab 880 20 240 50 515 K25.0 0. 0 ACOE 1130 grab 160 20 0.0 0.0 175 K25.0 0, 0 ACOE 1330 grab 150 10 0.0 0.0 200 K25.0 0. 0 HFBCW1 1300 grab 160 160 0.0 0.0 K25.0 K25.O 0. 0. K — actual value known to be less than value shown ------- SAMPLING AND ANALYSES OF SMALL METAL FINISHING INDUSTRIES March 1973 CONNECTICUT AND MASSACHUSETTS On March 1 and 6, personnel from the Environmental Protection Agency, Region I sampled a total of five small metal finishing indus- tries in Connecticut and Massachusetts. At the request of Permits Branch, Surveillance and Analysis Division’s Technical Studies Section established a sampling program at three metal finishing industries in Connecticut and two in Massachusetts. The criteria for choosing the sampling locations were: 1) the industry must discharge less than 76 cubic meters (20,000 gallons) per day effluent, and 2) the industry must have an operating waste treatment system employing current technology. Approximately 20 industries were canvassed before finding five which met the established constraints. Four of the industries selected incorporated integrated systems developed by Lancy Laboratories, and one was a batch treatment system. Table 1 is a listing of the indus- tries sampled, their location, waste flow, and type of treatment, and Table 2 is a listing of abbreviations. Field reports and analyses are appended. ------- |