SAMPLING AND ANALYSES OF SMALL METAL
                      FINISHING INDUSTRIES
                           March 1973
                  CONNECTICUT AND MASSACHUSETTS
     On March 1 and 6, personnel from the Environmental Protection

Agency, Region I sampled a total of five small metal finishing indus-

tries in Connecticut and Massachusetts.

     At the request of Permits Branch, Surveillance and Analysis

Division's Technical Studies Section established a sampling program

at three metal finishing industries in Connecticut and two in

Massachusetts.  The criteria for choosing the sampling locations

were:  1) the industry must discharge less than 76 cubic meters

(20,000 gallons) per day effluent, and 2) the industry must have

an operating waste treatment system employing current technology.

Approximately 20 industries were canvassed before finding five which

met the established constraints.  Four of the industries selected

incorporated integrated systems developed by Lancy Laboratories, and

one was a batch treatment system.  Table 1 is a listing of the indus-

tries sampled, their location, waste flow, and type of treatment, and

Table 2 is a listing of abbreviations.  Field reports and analyses

are appended.

-------
TABLE 1
SMALL METAL FINISHING INDUSTRIES
SA IPLED MARCH 1 & 6, 1973
NAME LOCATION OPERATING DAY FLOW TREATMENT
(HOURS) m 3 /day
(gpd)
Beaton & Corbin Southington, Conn. 0730 — 1630 32 — 40 Lancy
Mfg. Co. (8500 — 10,500)
Empire State Shelton, Conn. 0730 — 1730 59 Lancy
Novelty (15,600)
Star Pin Company ‘ Shelton, Conn. 0700 — 1600 (76 Lancy
(<20,000)
V. H. Blackington Attleboro, Mass. 0800 — 1700 103 Lancy
Company (27,000)
H. F. Barrows Co. North Attleboro, Mass. 0700 — 1700 9.1 Batch Treatment
(2400) by William Domey
max. batch/day

-------
TABLE 2
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION UNITS OF MEASURE
Ag silver micrograms per liter (ugh)
Au gold ugh
degrees centigrade
CN cyanide milligrams per liter (ing/l)
Cr chromium ugh
Cr+ 6 hexavalent chromium ugh
Cu copper ugh
Fe iron ugh
gpd gallons per day
gpm gallons per minute
J value reported is approximate
K actual value known to be less
than reported value
L actual value known to be more
than reported value
lpd liters per day
1p m liters per minute
M 3 /day cubic meters per day
nf it non—f ilterable
Ni nickel ug/l
pH hydrogen ion concentration standard units
Rh rhodium ugh
Sn tin ugh
tnf it total non—filterable residue mg/i
Zn zinc ugh

-------
BEATON & CORBIN MPG. Co.
SOUTHINGTON, CONNECTICUT
MARCH 1, 1973
Beaton & Corbin Manufacturing Co., Southington, Connecticut,
is a machining and plating operation which produces, primarily,
plumbing fixutres. The company plates nickel and chromium on such
plumbing fixutres as sink traps, drain pipes, and pipe collars.
At one time, Beaton & Corbin also plated copper, but they have
eliminated this process and the use of cyanide at the company.
The plating room operated from 0730—1630 hours Monday through
Friday, and the total process waste flow averages 60 — 75 liters
(16 — 20 gallons) per minute during the operating day.
The process for piping begins with brass tubes which are
machined to the desired configurations before being sent to the
plating shop. Pipe collars are stamped from sheets of an unknown
base metal and assembled in the machine shop before being sent to
the plating room.
In the plating room the fixtures are degreased and then sent to
the plating process. The plating operation is on a continuous conveyor.
Parts placed on the conveyor go to an alkali bath, acid dips, nickel
plating and chromium plating, interspersed with rinses. Upon completion
of the cycle, the plated parts are taken to parts bins for examination
and storage until shipment.
Beaton & Corbin Mfg. Co. uses five integrated systems developed
by Lancy Laboratories for eliminating waste sources. The five systems
treat nickel, copper, hexavalent chromium, trivalent chromium, and
alkali plus floor spillage wastes. Copper treatment is required because
of copper being dragged out of the brass tubing during the cleansing
1A

-------
operations. Effluents from the plating process are separated so that
each concentrated waste goes to the appropriate treatment tank for
metal precipitation. With the exception of the alkali and floor
drainage treatment, the treated effluents are recycled back to the
processes from whence they came. Dilute rinse waters are discharged
to a general waste collection sump in the plating room and are
discharged to a sedimentation tank.
Sedimentation is the only treatment given the sewered industrial
waste waters. These industrial wastes come from the dilute rinse
tanks, degreasing operations, and welder compressors. The wastes
are combined In a 32 cubic meter (8500 gallons) rectangular settling
tank which has a baffle at the downstream end. Some of the water
passing over the baffle is recycled to the process rinse tanks and
the excess discharges to an open ditch which drains to the Quinnipiac
River about one—half mile away. Figure A—l is a schematic of the
process operations.
Sludges from the treatment systems are discharged to one of two
on—site sludge drying beds. Dewatering is by evaporation and
percolation to groundwater. The sludge and one quarter of the contents
of each tank is withdrawn and discharged to a sludge bed periodically.
For the alkali tank this occurs weekly and for the copper about once
per month. Thenickel and chromium tanks are drawn down every two weeks.
The system has been in operation approximately two years and to
date only one drying bed has been used. Plant personnel typify the
soil as fine gravel having excellent permeability. The drying bed
2A

-------
NICKEL
PLATE
I
r
El
1 ______
1
L
DRYING
I RACK
t Compressor
L__. ._RecyciedH 2 O __ __ -.
Degr
FLOW DIAGRAN
BEATON & CORBIN MFG.,CO.
k
Sludge ‘ I
Pump
z
cI
0
H
NICKEL
DRAG-OUT
CHROME
PLATE
CHROME
DRAG-OUT
FIGURE A—i

-------
has never been cleaned and total sludge accumulation is estimated
to be 15—23 centimeters (5.9 — 9.1 inches) deep.
The sampling program consisted of obtaining eight grab samples
collected one hour apart, two 4—hour composite samples, and one operat-
ing day composite sample (0730—1630 hours) of the final effluent.
Samples were collected at the discharge to the open ditch (Station BCO1).
All samples collected were analyzed for dissolved hexavalent chromium,
total chromium, total and dissolved copper, nickel and zinc, and
total non—filterable residue. In addition, the operating day composite
was analyzed for cyanide, and the pH and temperature of the hourly
grabs were recorded. The analytical results are shown in Table A—i.
The files of the Connecticut Division of Water Pollution Control
contained analytical data about a sample collected on August 15, 1972.
The data on file are shown below.
total chromium 0.14 mg/i nickel 0.60 mg/i
copper 0.08 mg/i cyanide K0.01 mg/i
zinc 0.26 mg/i total nflt. 3.40 mg/i
residue
3A

-------
TABLE A-i
INDUSTRY NAME: BEATON & CORBIN MPG. CO.
CITY, STATE: SOUTHINGTON, CONNECTICUT
DATE: MARCH 1973
ANALYTICAL RESULTS
STATION DATE TIME SAMPLE TEMP. pH TNPLT CYANIDE
1973 HOURS TYPE °C S.U. mg/i mg/i
BCO1 03/01 0900 GRAB 17.5 6.3
BCO1 03/Oi 1000 GRAB 17.0 6.4 9
BCO1 03/01 1100 GRAB 19.5 7.0 5
BCO1 03/01 1200 CRAB 20.0 5.7 10
BCO1 03/01 1300 CRAB 20.0 5.9 6
BCO1 03/01 1400 GRAB 21.0 6.3 5
BCO1 03/01 1500 GRAB 21.5 6.8 5
BCO1 03/01 0800— COMP 2 KO.005
1600
BCO1 03/01 1300— COMP 5
1600
K — value known to be less than value reported

-------
TABLE s -4
INDUSTRY NAME: BEATON & CORBIN MPG. CO.
CITY, STATE: SOUTHINCTON, CONNECTICUT
DATE: MARCH 1973
ANALYTICAL RESULTS
STATION
DATE
TIME
HOURS
SAMPLE
TYPE
METALS U
/1
NICKEL
ZINC
COPPER
CHROMIUM
TOTAL
DISSOLVED
TOTAL
DISSOLVED
TOTAL
DISSOLVED
TOTAL
DISS . Cr’ 6
BCO1
03/01
0900
grab
380
290
220
60
400
120
960
204
BCO1
BCO1
03/01
03/01
1000
1100
grab
grab
510
620
440
540
300
400
150
350
500
660
220
300
1085
1110
138
50
BCO1
03/01
1200
grab
650
580
460
340
770
0
1310
10
BCO1
03/01
1300
grab
580
500
420
290
650
260
1045
30
BCO1
03/01
1400
grab
660
610
360
240
550
260
1010
103
BCO1
03/01
1500
•‘
grab
780
700
370
240
510
250
1275
275
BCO1
03/01
1600
grab
820
740
500
330
660
370
1305
109
BCO1
03/01
0800—
1600
comp.
600
480
360
220
800
240
990
93
BCO1
03/01
0900—
1200
comp.
560
450
420
190
580
240
1080
68
,
BCO1
03/01
1300—
1600
comp.
710
630
400
280
600
290
1215
115

-------
INDUSTRIAL WASTE SURVEY
1P IRE STATE NOVELTY
SHELTON, CONNECTICUT
Empire State Novelty Company in Shelton, Connecticut manufac-
tures clasps for ladies’ pocketbooks. The clasps are formed at the
plant from pieces cut from a steel ribbon, then plated. Plating con-
sists of a series of washes and rinses followed by a nickel dip, nickel
recovery, nickel treatment, rinse, brass flash, cyanide rinse treat-
ment, two more rinses and a drying step. The wastewater from this pro-
cess is treated by Lancy integrated systems for nickel and cyanide.
Figure B—i Is a flow diagram of the plant’s process.
Constant overflow from the nickel treatment and the cyanide rinse
treatment tanks in the plating line Is fed by gravity to two approxi-
mately 7.5 cubic meter (2000 gallon) treatment tanks. In the nickel
tank the pH is adjusted to between 10.5 and 11.0 with caustic soda (NaOH)
and the nickel ions bond with hydroxide to form a precipitate which
settles to the bottom of the tank. The clear liquid from the top of the
tank Is then piped back to the plating system for re—use • The tank
and the pipes to and from the tank are periodically cleared of this
sludge build—up with an acid solution which is pumped through them.
Sludge is deposited into two lagoons outside the plant.
The cyanide is treated by alkaline chlorination using sodium hypo—
chlorite. The reaction when carried to completion converts the cyanide
to carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) and nitrogen (N 2 ) gases. Clear liquid from the
top of the tank is then piped back to the plating operation.
Spillage from the other tanks in the operation enters floor drains
and is gravity fed to one of two 1.9 cubic meter (500 gallon) tanks
Bi

-------
1
Wa a
000
WiVWl
000
,00
—no.
“It
J c&’ . SV V _
cr.
-
—
MtCKt L Pc rr flc a
____ (_‘_•t-. I
,eA fr1c.\ ( J4 E
5L’JD ‘ ID A o’ J
AU U WA j
f t
iZit S(E
1 ’l
R$c
+
Wt TER.— 4r
*1
‘
I( \AIATER-\ç
. -
b
- -
1
CYMJIp
(-
(CA S1iC ODA/ 1 ’

VE it?UCFiot )
I
1R tc )
a-_i
Fl9ure

-------
where it is periodically treated on a batch basis. The rinse tank
after the nickel treatment tank and the two rinse tanks following
the cyanide rinse treatment tank are gravity fed to a 6.3 cubic meter
(2400 gallon) tank. Here the pH is monitored and adjusted before the
wastes are discharged into the Housatonic River (See Figure B—i).
This water is crystal clear but could contain residual quantities of
cyanide, nickel and possibly iron. Sludge from the nickel treatment
is sent to a sludge dying bed. Water is removed by evaporation or
percolation to groundwater.
SAMPLING INFORMATION
On March 1, 1973, five sets of grab samples and three composite
samples were collected from this holding tank which was being filled
at approximately 98 liters (26 gallons) per minute. The grab samples
were analyzed for oil and grease, cyanide, total suspended solids,
dissolved metals and total metals (copper, nickel, iron, zinc). One
operating day composite sample and two four—hour composite samples
were prepared and analyzed for cyanide, total nonfilterable residue,
dissolved metals and total metals, giving a total of 12 individual
composite samples. The results of the analyses are shown in Tables B—i
and B—2.
The State of Connecticut’s files contained analytical data on a
one—hour composite sample collected from Empire State Novelty on
March 25, 1971. The data are shown below:
total chromium 0.0 mg/i zinc 0.2 mg/i
copper 0.2 mg/i iron 1.8 mg/i
nickel 0.8 mg/i cyanide 0.1 mg/i
B2

-------
TABLE b—i
EMPIRE STATE NOVELTY
SHELTON, CONNECTICUT
MARCH 1973
ANALYTICAL RESULTS
STATION
DATE
TIME
SAMPLE
TYPE
TEMP
°C
p fGL)
S.U.
TNPLT
mg/i
CYANIDE
mg/i
OIL & GREASE
mg/i
ENO1
3/1/73
0800
grab
7
J8
————
————
ENO1
3/1/73
0930
grab
7
j7
ii
————
2.4
ENO1
3/1/73
1000
grab
7
J8
14
————
ENO1
3/1/73
1100
grab
6
J8
11
————
2.4
ENO1
3/1/73
1204
grab
7’
j7
14
————
ENO1
3/1/73
1320
grab
6
j7
10
————
ENO1
3/1/73’
1406
grab
6
j7
15
————
ENO].
3/1/73
1500
grab
6
J8
25
————
ENO1
3/1/73
1600
grab
7
J8
15’
————
ENO].
3/1/73
1700
grab
7,
J8
9
————
ENO1
ENO1
ENO1
3/1/73
3/1/73
3/1/73
0800—
1700
0800—
1100
12flfl—
1700
composite
composite
composite
————
————
————
————
————
————
8

13.
21
0.095
0.048
0.100
3
1 — Color comparator pH ribbon paper used.
J — Approximate value.

-------
TABLE B—_
EMPIRE STATE NOVELTY Co.
MARCH 1, 1973
ANALYTICAL RESULTS
STATION
TIME
SAMPLE
TYPE
—
METALr
ugh
COPPER ugh
NICKEL ugh 1
IRON -
ugh
ZINC ugh
TOTAL
DISSOLVED
TOTAL
DISSOLVED
TOTAL
DISSOLVED
TOTAL
DISSOLVED
ENO 1 0800 grab
ENO1 0930 grab 240 100 430 280 3065 1210 550 160
ENO1 1000 grab 280 40 420 180 2875 10 460 0
ENO1 1100 grab 250 40 430 190 2725 25 380
ENO1 1204 grab 290 30 50 140 2965 10 380 0
ENO1 1320 grab 280 40 560 180 3060 15 410 10
ENO1 1406 grab 240 20 500 80 3150 10 380 0
ENO1 1500 grab 260 20 560 60 3100 5 360 0
ENO1 1600 grab 260 20 580 70 3150 15 380 0
ENO1 1700 grab 240 20 490 70 3125 5 340 0
ENO 1 0800— composIte 240 80 460 160 3045 2180 460
1700
ENO1 0800— composite 200 50 380 190 3045 445 650
1100
ENO1 1200— composite 260 30 480 140 2900 10 390 0
1700

-------
STAR PIN COMPANY
SHELTON, CONNECTICUT
MARCH 1, 1973
Star Pin Company, Shelton, Connecticut, manufactures common pins,
pins with plastic heads and assorted other small wire formed garment
hooks. Base materials are rolls of steel or brass wire of various dia-
meters depending on the product. These are plated with nickel or tin
or are “black treated” with steel or brass oxides. Prior to the plating
operation, the products are tumbled together with sawdust to remove sur-
face oil and grease. After separation from the sawdust, they pass
through a number of cleaning solutions, rinses and an acid rinse. The
pins are then rinsed with clear water and placed in the appropriate plat-
ing tank. From the plating tank the pins are transferred to either a
nickel or cyanide treatment tank (depending on plating being done). The
treatment tank removes and treats the dragout from the plating tank. The
pins are then placed in a clear water rinse.
Following the plating operation the plated material is passed
through a bright dip process. “Bright dipping” consists of immersing
the product in a hot cleaner, clean water rinse, CN solution, CN treat-
ment rinse and then another clean water rinse. These stages may differ
from metal to metal and finish desired, but the process is similar.
The products are then tumbled dry and polish d with powdered corn husks
and sent to packaging.
Star Pin currently uses Lancy Laboratory’s integrated nickel and
cyanide treatment systems and batch treatment for floor spills. The
nickel is treated in closed system by raising the pH to 11 with caustic
soda to precipitate metal hydroxides. The process treatment tankts
Cl

-------
continuous overflow drains to a settling tank and the treated water
is recycled to the process tanks. This is also done for cyanide and
other metals. Cyanide treatment employs a solution of hypochiorite.
Both Integrated tanks are monitored for pH with an alarm system being
activated below pH 9. The floor spills are split into acid and alkaline
spills. Both are batch treated by raising the pH and addition of hypo—
chlorite to the alkaline tank for CN treatment. The tanks are settled
overnight and then have the clear liquid pumped off to the final neu-
tralization tank. All of the clear water rinses and detergent cleaning
overflows prior to acid cleaning or plating, are discharged through the
final neutralization tank which is monitored for pH. If the neutraliza-
tion tank drops below pH 6, caustic is fed in automatically to bring
the pH up again. The neutralization tank then discharges to the tail
race of a water wheel and then to the Naugatuck River.
The sludge deposit in the floor spili tanks and integrated treat-
ment tanks are pumped periodically to 55 gallon drums and the contents
removed by a scavenger named Mayhew.
SAMPLING INFORMATION
On March 1, 1973, two four—hour composite samples, an operating
day composite sample and eight grab samples were taken from the final
neutralization tank (Station SP—l). Temperature and pH were recorded
at the time of sampling. Samples were collected and analyzed for total
metals (Ni, Sn, Fe, Zn, Cu), dissolved metals (same), oil and grease,
cyanide, and total suspended solids. A grab sample was taken of the
influent rinse water (canal water designated Station SPC) and a grab
sample was taken of the treated clear liquid from the floor spill tanks
(Station SP—2). Analytical data are in Table Cl.
C2

-------
Accurate flow measuring equipment was not available at the plant.
State of Connecticut records indicate that the discharge from the
plant is less than 75 cubic meters (20,000 gallons) per day.
C3

-------
STAR P 1 1 . OMPANY
SHELTON, CONNECTIC liT
FLOW DIAGRAM
N7
r
See Coding Key

-------
KEY TO FLOW DIAGRAM
STAR PIN COMPANY
1. Preliminary cleaning, degreasing (no discharge) and associated
clear water rinses.
2. Clear water rinses.
3. Plating tank for either nickel or tin.*
4. Integrated treatment process tank for nickel, cyanide and tin.
a. Integrated treatment tank overflow.
b. Integrated treatment reservoir and settling tank.
c. Chemical mix tank, caustic for nickel, hypochiorite for cyanide.
5. a. Floor spill catch basin (acid or alkali).
b. Batch treatment for floor spills (acid or alkali).
6. Final neutralization tank.
7. Barrels sludge is pumped to for holding until removal by scavenger.
A. Clear water overflow line.
B. Integrated treatment return line.
C. Integrated treatment overflow line.
D. Floor spill line.
E. Clear liquid removal line. (After batch treatment, one for each
acid and alkali tanks.)
F. Chemical feed line for integrated treatment.
G. Chemical feed line for floor spill tanks and final neutralization
tank (hypochiorite for alkali spills, caustic for acid floor spill
tank and final neutralization tank).
H. Sludge removal line from integrated treatment and floor spii 1 tanks
(hand held).
* Black treating has similar system but uses an activation tank, then
oxidizing tank and then to cyanide. Bright dip process also follows
similar system after plating operation.
C4

-------
TABLE C
STAR PIN COMPANY
SHELTON, CONNECTICUT
MARCH 1, 1973
ANALYTICAL RESULTS
STATION
DATE
TINE
SAMPLE
TYPE
TEMP
°C
pH
S.U.
TNPLT
mg/i
CYANIDE
mg/i
OIL & GREASE
mg/i
SP—1
3/1/73
0740—
1040
comp.
————
———
1.5
KO.005
SP—1
3/1/73
1140—
1440
comp.
————
———
1
0.005
SP—1
3/1/73
0740—
1540
comp.
————
———
1
0.003
—————
SF—i
3/1/73
0840
grab
4
7.9
5
SP—1
3/1/73
0940
grab
3
7.9
———
SP—i
3/1/73
1040
grab
4
7.6
3 -
SF—i
3/1/73
1140
grab
3
6.9
1
SP—1
3/1/73
1240
grab
3
6.9
2
SP—1
3/1/73
1340
grab
4
7.9
8
SP—1
3/1/73
1440
grab
3
6.9
2
———
SF—i
3/1/73
1540
grab
3
6.8
5
-
SP—2
3/1/73
0700
grab
————
———
12
J 15.3
SPC
3/1/73
1050
grab
4
5.5
3
J - Ap proxiinate value
V — A -f-i, 1 T lI1P kT,twn 1n h 1 cs than renorted value.

-------
TABLE Cl CONT.
STAR PIN COMPANY
SHELTON, CONNECTICUT
MARCH 1, 1973
ANALYTICAL RESULTS
STATION DATE TIME SAMPLE METALS ugh
TYPE NICKEL ZINC COPPER
TOTAL DISSOLVED TOTAL DISSOLVED TOTAL DISSOLVED
SP—1
3/1/73
0740—
1040
camp.
1190
1180
280
180
120
60
SP—1
3/1/73
1140—
1440
camp.
——
940
40
40
20
5
SP—1
3/1/73
0740—
1540
camp.
——
1170
90
30
SP—1-
3/1/73
0840
grab
1100
1040
260
150
50
10
SP—1
3/1/73
0940
grab
1230
760
140
30
220
160
SP—].
3/1/73
1040
grab
2760
2310
320
180
160
40
SP—1
3/1/73
1140
grab
——
990
——
30
20
10
SP—1
3/1/73
1240
grab
——
530
20
0
20
5
SP—1
3/1/73
1340
grab
——
1790
120
100
60
5
SP—1
3/1/73
1440
grab
340
320
100
10
100
0
SP—1
3/1/73
1540
grab
1860
1840
——
40
20
20
SP—2
3/1/73
0700
grab
820
120
300
80
310
190
SPC
3/1/73
1050
grab
Q
0
10
0
5

-------
VH. BLACKINCTON COMPANY
ATTLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS
March 6, 1973
V.H. Blackington Company manufactures emblems, badges and
trophies. These are die stamped or cast at the plant or purchased
from an outside source. The die struck Items are made from steel,
tin or brass and the castings are white metal. Some of the badges
and emblems are partially enameled prior to plating. Plating is
done following degreasing and cleaning in a series of detergent tanks
and clear water rinses. The type of plating done is dependent upon
customer requirements with gold, nickel, copper, silver or rhodium.
The plating operation includes preliminary rinsing, bright dipping,
treatment rinse and final clear water rinsing. The plated product is
then dried, polished and assembled. Trophies are either free standing
or suspended in clear plastic.
Treatment consists of Lancy integrated systems for nickel,
cyanide and copper. This involves a continuously overflowing process
treatment rinse that cycles through a large settling tank. Caustic
soda is added to maintain the entire system at pH 11. The pH adjustment
causes the metal ions to precipitate out as hydroxides. Hypochiorite
is added to treat the cyanide. Settled sludge in the treatment tanks is
pumped to a sludge drying lagoon at the rate of approximately 380 liters (100
gallons) per week. Dewatering occurs by evaporation and percolation to
groundwater. Floor spills are batch treated in a large tank by addition
of caustic soda and hypochiorite if necessary. The solids and liquids
from the floor spill tank are both pumped to the lagoon.
Clear water rinses overflow and are discharged to a small stream
which flows to the Ten Mile River. The rinse water passes through a

-------
chemical mix tank prior to discharge and is monitored for pH. If
the pH f ails below 6, caustic soda is added to raise the pH to be-
tween 6 and 9. This tank also serves as a settling tank but had not
been pumped in approximately 18 months. This creates a problem when
the caustic is added as a mixer resuspends a great many solids. The
discharge from the neutralization tank is about 0.19 cubic meters
(50 gallons) per minute.
Sampling consisted of collecting two four—hour composite samples,
one operating day composite sample and eight grab samples from the
final neutralization tank (VHB—1). The samples were analyzed for total
metals (Cu, Au, Rh, Sn), dissolved metals (same, cyanide* and total sus-
pended solids. All samples were preserved according to EPA Standard
Methods. Analytical data appear in Table D—l.
*Cyanide was run on composites only
D2

-------
TABLE D—1
V. H. BLACKINGTON COMPANY
ATTLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS
MARCH 1973
ANALYTICAL RESULTS
STATION
DATE
TIME
HR
SAMPLE
TYPE
TEMP
°C
pH
S.U.
TNFLT
mg/i
CYANIDE
mg/i
V}IB—1
03/06
0830—
1130
comp.
————
————
7
2.25
VHB—1
03/06
1330—
1630
comp.
————
————
2
0.006
VHB—1
03/06
0830—
1630
comp.
————
————
20
0.212
VHB—1
03/06
0830
grab
12
————
26
—————
VHB—1
03/06
0930
grab
12
6.4
12
—————
V ILE—i
03/06
1030
grab
12
6.1
4,
2.0
VILE—i
03/06
1130
grab
12
7.0
6
—————
VRB—1
03/06
1330
grab
12
9.7
12
VILE—i
03/06
1430
grab
12
9.2
4
————
VHB—1
03/06
1530
grab
12
6.5
14 -
—————
VILE—i
03/06
1630
grab
12
6.4
2

-------
TABLE Dri. cont.
V. H. BLACKINCTON COMPANY
ATTLEBORO, MASSACIITJSETTS
MARCH 6, 1973
ANALYTICAL RESULTS
STATION
- DATE
TIME
SAMPLE
TYPE
.
METi
LS ugh
NICKEL
—- ZTNC —
COPPER
RHODIU}1
TOTAL
DISSOLVED
TOTAL
DISSOLVE]
TOTAL
DISSOLVED
TOTAL
DISSOLVED
VHB—1 03/06 0830— comp. 285 65 260 250 6100 2900 0 0
1130
VHB—1 03/06 1330— comp. 110 150 1020 380 0 0
1630
VIIB—1 03/06 0830— comp. 135 100 200 2640 1500 0 0
1630
VHB—1 03/06 0830 grab 295 110 580 550 12500 8250 0 0
VMS—i 03/06 0930 grab ——— 110 150 —- — 1880 0 0
VHB—1 03/06 1030 grab 145 120 250 1520 1340 0 0
V aR—i 03/06 1130 grab 120 55 110 0 1550 320 0 0
VMS—i 03/06 1330 grab 105 65 90 0 1160 280 0 0
VHB—1 03/06 1430 grab 145 120 45 0 860 330 0 0
VHB—1 03/06 1530 grab 120 110 280 250 1240 700 0 0
VMS—i 03/06 1630 grab 170 130 50 420 380 0 0

-------
PROCESS FLOW CHART
V.H. Blackington Co.
Attleboro, Ma.
To River
it5b
To Drying
Lagoon
I __
3
4a
a
2
See Coding Key

-------
KEY TO FLOW CHART
V. H. BLACKINCTON COMPANY
1. Preliminary cleaning and degreasing (no discharge).
2. Clear water rinses.
3. Plating tank for one of the following: Ni, Cu, Au, Ag, Rh.
4. a. Process line integrated treatment tank, for one of the
following: Ni, Cu, Cn.
b. Integrated treatment reservoir and settling tanks.
c. Treatment chemical stock tank. Soda ash for nickel, hydro—
sulfite for copper and hypochiorite for cyanide treatment.
5. a. Final neutralization tank for clear water rinses.
b. Stock tank for caustic soda, if pH of 5a. falls below 6,
this is added.
6. a. Floor spii 1 catch for basin.
b. Batch treatment for floor spills.
A. Clear water rinse continuous overflow line.
B. Integrated treatment tank continuous overflow line to reservoir.
C. Integrated treatment continuous return line.
D. Floor spill drain line.
E. Integrated treatment chemical feed line.
F. Neutralization tank chemical feed line.
C. Treatment sludge removal line.
D5

-------
INDUSTRIAL WASTE SURVEY
H. F. BARROWS COMPANY
NORTH ATTLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS
H. F. Barrows Company of North Attleboro, Massachusetts pro-
duces various types of fine jewelry. The process operations which
contribute to the contamination of the wastewater include barrel
finishing, electro—plating, pickling and bright dipping operations.
The heaviest contamination comes from the elctro—plating, pickling
and bright dipping operations.
During the elctro—plating operation, nickel, gold and rhodium
are electrolytically bonded to brace and sterling silver, From
this operation, large quantities of acids, cyanide and heavy metals
contaminate the wastewater flow. The pickling and bright dipping
operations create various metal oxide and acid wastes,
The wastewaters from the above operations have been completely
segregated. The acid wastes are piped to one of the two 5.7 cubic
meters (1500 gallon) acid waste treatment tanks. Caustic soda (NaOH)
is used’to maintain a pH range of 8.7 to 9.3. Forced air then gently
mixes the wastes in the tank for about 15 minutes to facilitate floccu-
lation, the contents of the tank are allowed to settle for approximately
12 hours. Every two to two and one—half days a tank of treated acid
waste is discharged to the Ten Mile River.
The cyanide containing wastes are piped to one of two 3.4 cubic
meter (900 gallon) cyanide destruction tanks. Caustic soda is used
to raise the pH higher than 9.0 and calcium hypochiorite is added to con-
vert the cyanide to cyanate.
El

-------
As the hypochlorite is added, the tank is gently mixed by forced
air for a short time. If a chlorine residual between 2.0 and 3.0 mg/i
persists after two hours, the pH is adjusted to between 8.7 and 9.3.
The tank is again gently mixed and allowed to settle for approximately
12 hours. After the required settling time, the treated waste having
a chlorine residual of 0.5—3.0 mg/i and a pH of 8.7 — 9.3’s discharged
to the Ten Mile River. A tank of treated cyanide waste is discharged
every three to five days.
SAMPL ING INFORMATION
On March 6, 1973, three sets of grab samples were collected at
the influent to the acid waste treatment tank (ACOI), the effluent
from the acid waste treatment tank (ACOE), the influent to the cyanide
destruction tank (CNOI) and the effluent from the cyanide destruction
tank (CNOE). These samples were collected as the tank was discharging.
the first set at the start of discharge , the second when the tanks
were half emptied, and the third just prior to the end of the drainage.
All samples collected from the acid tank were analyzed for nonfilterable
residue, pH and total and dissolved copper, zinc, rhodium and nickel.
The samples collected from the cyanide destruction tank were
analyzed for nonfilterable residue, pH, cyanide and total and dissolved
copper, zinc, rhodium and nickel.
One set of grab samples was collected from the town water supply
(RFBCWI) and analyzed for total and dissolved copper, zinc, rhodium
and nickel.
E2

-------
H • F. BARROW MPANY
ATTLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS
MARCH 6, 1973
ANALYTICAL RESULTS
STATION
TIME
SAMPLE
TYPE
TEMP
°C
pH
S.U.
TNFLT
mg/i
CYANIDE
mg/i
CNOI
1030
grab
15
9.6
3
72.25
CNOI
1230
grab
14
9.0
2
CNOI
CNOE
CNOE
CNOE
ACOI
ACOI
1430
1030
1230
1430
0925
1130
grab
grab
grab
grab
grab
grab
15
18,
18
20
25
23
9.6
10.7
10.5
10.5
7.2
2.5
1
5
1
4
H
5
69.00
15.00
14.2
12.25

ACOI
ACOE
ACOE
ACOE
1330
0925
1130
1330
grab
grab
grab
grab
25
20
20
20
[

6.0
10.4
10.2
10.4
0
2
1’
1 f
HFBCW1
1300
grab
————
————

-------
H. F. BARR. COMPA 1Y
ATTLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS
MARCH 6, 1973
ANALYT ICAL RESULTS
STATION
TIME
SANPLE
TYPE
METALS ugh
COPPER
ZINC
NICKEL
RHODIUM
TOTAL
DISSOLVED
TOTAL
DISSOLVED
TOTAL
DISSOLVED
TOTAL
DISSOLVED
CNOI
1030
grab
———
2180
900
250
165
0
0.
CNOI
1230
grab
———
770
—
500
80
0
0
CNOI
1430
grab
———
890
———
850
80
0.
0
CNOE
1030
grab
1520
260
0.0
0.0
75
K25.O
0,
0
CNOE
1230
grab
1390
270
0.0
0.0
105
K25.O
0
0
CNOE
1430
grab
1030
280
0.0
0.0
25
K25.O
0.
0
ACOI
0925
grab
320
300
———
50.0
2540
2500
0.
0
ACOI
1130
grab
14,300
960
170
7300
0.
0
ACOI
1330
grab
380
320
———
50
3625
3075
0
0
ACOE
0925
grab
880
20
240
50
515
K25.0
0.
0
ACOE
1130
grab
160
20
0.0
0.0
175
K25.0
0,
0
ACOE
1330
grab
150
10
0.0
0.0
200
K25.0
0.
0
HFBCW1
1300
grab
160
160
0.0
0.0
K25.0
K25.O
0.
0.
K — actual value known to be less than value shown

-------
SAMPLING AND ANALYSES OF SMALL METAL
FINISHING INDUSTRIES
March 1973
CONNECTICUT AND MASSACHUSETTS
On March 1 and 6, personnel from the Environmental Protection
Agency, Region I sampled a total of five small metal finishing indus-
tries in Connecticut and Massachusetts.
At the request of Permits Branch, Surveillance and Analysis
Division’s Technical Studies Section established a sampling program
at three metal finishing industries in Connecticut and two in
Massachusetts. The criteria for choosing the sampling locations
were: 1) the industry must discharge less than 76 cubic meters
(20,000 gallons) per day effluent, and 2) the industry must have
an operating waste treatment system employing current technology.
Approximately 20 industries were canvassed before finding five which
met the established constraints. Four of the industries selected
incorporated integrated systems developed by Lancy Laboratories, and
one was a batch treatment system. Table 1 is a listing of the indus-
tries sampled, their location, waste flow, and type of treatment, and
Table 2 is a listing of abbreviations. Field reports and analyses
are appended.

-------