1997 Annual Report
on Air Quality
in New England
United States
Environmental Protection Agency, Region I
Office of Environmental Measurement and Evaluation
Lexington, MA 02421
July 1998
Ecosystem Assessment Unit

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This document was prepared by:
The Ecosystems Assesment Branch
And
Tahani Rivers
Jim Fritz. ROW
Shingo Ikeda
Further inquiries may be directed to:
Wend McDougall
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Region I. OEME
60 Westview Street
Lexington. MA 02421
The photograph on the Cover was taken at Fort Popharn
in Maine by Wendy McDougall

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Addendum to pages 97 and 98, Annual Report on Air Quality in New England 1997
Monitor ki ‘County Address
250010002442011 Truro Barnstable id n
\fa 085 Maxi Value Max2 Vaiue
IF Ô di --Th ôë
-- -- --- -
City County Address
Monitor Id
- --
VaI .085
Maxi Value
- --
Max2 Value
330173002442011
Rochester
Stafford 1Roches HfflR
Sullivan South Street
2
0089
- 0088
330190003442011
Claremont
1
0.086
0.083
Rhode Island 1996
— __________
-. .— .— .- -- -.-
-.--...- -——-. . — —- — ——-
Address .j ?.q L Maxi Value Max2Vakie
Monitorld
County
440030002442011
Kent
W. Alton Jones Cam_____
4
0.101
0.087
440070012442011
Providence
Providence
Rockefeller Library, 1 0.085 0.070
Francis School, 64 B 2 0.098 0.089
——— .— - — . .--— -1- —— — . . . . .-1 . —.

440071010442011
— —— - — -- — - —.- ...-
East_Providence
- ....-
Providence
. -. --
Vermont 1996
Monitor Id City
500030004442011 Bennington
County Address - -
Bennington j Airport Rd, Benn
VaI>.085tMaX1 Value Max2 Value
31 0.0931 0.090
500070007442011
Chittenden IProctor Maple R
1 0.0901 0.068
Rhode Island 1997
]
440030002442011
ë nty
Kent
Address Jva o
W.AltonJonesC 10
ValuMax i Iu
0.106 0.100
440070012442011
Providence
Providence
Rockefeller Lib
4
ö ö 092
440071010442011 East Provide Providence Francis_Schoo 3 0.097 0.091
440090007442OlliNarragansett Washington
Vermont 1997
Monftorld lCfty County Add 5s
500030004442011 Bennington Bennington Airpo Rd,_Benn 21 0.09w 093
500070007442011 Chittenden Proctor Maple R 0 1 0.075 0.073
Addendum to page 3 - Footnote E should read: 8-Hour: The standards are met at an ambient air
quality site when the 3-year average of the annual fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average
ozone concentration is less than or equal to 0.08 ppm.

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EPA REGION 1 LJBRARY
JFK FEDERAL BLDG.
BOSTON MA 02203-2211
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 1
NATIONAL AIR QUALITY STANDARDS 3
1997 SUMMARY OF NEW ENGLAND NAMS/SLAMS (TABLE 1) 4
HEALTH EFFECTS OF CRITERIA POLLUTANTS 5
NUMBER OF STATIONS VIOLATING NATIONAL AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (TABLE 2)... 6
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA INCLUDING STATIONS THAT EXCEED
NATIONAL AIR QUALITY STANDARDS, WITH 5YEAR TRENDS (TABLE 3) 7
ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS USED IN TABLE 3 8
1997 PRECISION AND ACCURACY DATA (TABLE 4) 76
REGION 11997 PERFORMANCE AUDIT PROGRAM 77
REGION I NONATTAINMENT AREAS (MAP 1) 78
PHOTOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT MONITORING STATIONS 79
ACID RAIN PROGRAM 87
EPA’S REVISED OZONE STANDARD 96
STATE AND REGIONAL AIRS CONTACTS 99

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1997 ANNUAL REPORT ON AIR QUALITY
IN NEW ENGLAND
This report represents 1997 annual air quality information for all states in
New England. The majority of the data included in this report were submitted
to EPA by the states from their ambient monitoring networks in accordance with
40 CFR 58 . The only data from industrial monitors which have been included
are from the Massachusetts Industrial Network, EPA-required networks in New
Hampshire and Maine’s licensing program which supplements the state network.
This report is intended to list potential nonattainment areas for planning
purposes. The majority of data used have been evaluated and verified by EPA;
however, for the areas listed as nonattainment, the data may require further
evaluation by both EPA and the states. This report reflects the status of the
AIRS database as of April 1998.
Table 1 is a summary of the status of the National Air Monitoring Stations
(NAMS) and the State/Local Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS) submitting data
to Region I. This table lists the number of sites operating, the required number
of sites, the number of sites reporting precision and accuracy data, and the
number of sites not meeting EPA minimum data capture requirements.
Following Table 1 is a list of health effects of the criteria pollutants.
Table 2 shows the number of stations violating the National Ambient Air
Quality Standards (NAAQS) and the total number of stations reporting data in
1997.
Table 3 lists, by state, a summary of criteria pollutant data from sites in
each state in New England, and from industrial sites in New Hampshire,
Massachusetts, and Maine. The information presented compares the measured
values to each NAAQS; it includes the number of violations, the maximum and
second high values, and the annual means (arithmetic mean or average for SO 2 ,
PM 10 and NO 2 ). An annual mean is not valid for intermittent data unless there
are four valid quarters. For PM 10 , 75% of the scheduled samples must be
available for a quarter to be considered valid. For continuous data, 75 % of the
year must be available to calculate a valid annual average.
1

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Included with Table 3, are graphs of selected air quality monitoring sites that
show a ten-year span of data for PM 10 , CO. SO 2 , and NO 2 . A graph of the
number of days ozone exceeded the standard during the last five years is used.
A discussion of the compliance status for each pollutant is located in the front of
the individual state sections. In addition, state maps are included which display
pollutant levels and the location of monitoring sites.
Table 4 lists the precision and accuracy data submitted by the six New
England states. The 95 % probability limit for six criteria pollutants are given
as a network average for each state.
The following page lists the results from the Region I audit program for 03,
CO and Particulates. The results presented on a state-by-state basis give the
number of satisfactory, marginal, and unsatisfactory audits.
Map 1 consists of three maps of the nonattainment areas in New England.
These include the last reported violation and the attainment and unclassified areas
in which there were recent violations of the NAAQS.
The next section contains a description of the Region 1 Photochemical
Assessment Monitoring Stations and program, followed by a description of the
Acid Rain Program.
EPA revised ozone standards are discussed in the next section.
Appendix A is a list of AIRS state and regional Air Quality Contacts, their
addresses and phone numbers.
2

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NATIONAL AIR QUALITY STANDARDSA
Pollutant Averaging Time Primary ScandardsB Secondary Standardsc
SO 2 Annual Arithmetic 80 ug/m 3
Mean (0.03 ppm)
24 hours 365 ug/m 3
(0.14 ppm)
3 hours -- 1300 ug/m 3
(0.5 ppm)
PMIOD Annual Arithmetic 50 ug/m 3 Same as Primary
Mean Standard
24 hours 150 ug/m 3 Same as Primary
Standard
CO S hours 9 ppm Same as Primary
Standard
1 hour 35 ppm Same as Primary
Standard
1 hour 0.125 ppm Same as Primary
Standard
8 hour 0.08 ppm Same as Primary
Standard
NO 2 Annual Arithmetic (0.05 ppm) Same as Primary
Mean 100 ug/m 3 Standard
Pb Calendar Quarter 1.5 ug/m 3 Same as Primary
Arithmetic Mean Standard
A National standards, other than those based on annual arithmetic means, are not to be exceeded more than
once a year.
National Primary Standards: The levels of air quality necessary, with an adequate margin of safety, to
protect the public health.
C National Secondary Standards: The levels of air quality necessary to protect the public welfare from any
known or anticipated adverse effects of a pollutant.
D PM 10 replaced TSP as the ambient particulate standard effective July 31, 1987, and includes only those
particles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than or equal to a nominal 10 microns. Expected number of
exceedances shall not be more than one per year (3 year average) as determined by Appendix K of 4OCFR
Part 50.
1-Hour: Expected number of exceedance days shall not be more than one per year (3 year average) as
determined by Appendix K of 4OCFR Part 50.
8-Hour: The standards are met at an ambient air quality site when the average of the annual fourth-highest
daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentration is less than or equal to 0.08 ppm.
Both standards (1 and 8 hour) apply until the first standard (1 hour) is met, after which, only the 8 hour
standard will apply.
3

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TABLE 1
1997 SUMMARY OF NEW ENGLAND NAMS/ SLAMS
CT ME MA Nil RI VT TOTALS
NAMS - National Air Monitori g Stations
Number of NAMS Designated
Monitors 22 4 26 3 8 2 65
Monitors NOT meet-
ing EPA ’s minimum
data capture
reQuirementsb 3 1 3 0 0 0 7
Ave. completeness
all NAMS monitors 94% 94% 91% 98% 93% 92% 94%
SLAMS - State/Local Air Monitor gStations
Number of SLAMS Designated
Monitors 32 12 24 33 9 13 126
Monitors NOT meet-
mg EPA’s minimum
data capture
recluirementsb 2 0 4 8 1 2 17
Ave. completeness
all SLAMS monitors 93% 95% 89% 84% 95% 92% 91%
b Adjusted for seasonal monitoring and site start-ups and terminations
4

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Health Effects of Criteria Pollutants
Lead (Pb)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Lead causes retardation and brain damage, especially
in children. Lead also causes liver disease, interferes
with blood formation, the nervous system and the
renal system and can affect the normal functions of the
reproduction and cardiovascular systems. The sources
of lead pollution are motor-vehicle exhaust, lead
smelters and battery manufacturing plants.
Ozone (03)
Respiratory tract problems such as difficult breathing
and reduced lung function may be caused by high
ozone levels. Ozone also causes asthma, eye
irritation, nasal congestion, reduced resistance to
infection and premature aging of lung tissue. It
injures vegetation, and has adverse effects on
materials. Ozone is generally highest on sultry
summer afternoons. Ozone is formed in the
atmosphere by the reaction of nitrogen oxides, and
hydrocarbons in the presence of sunlight.
Nitrogen Oxides (NO,)
The health effects of this pollutant include respiratory
illness, lung damage,and increased airway resistance.
It may make one more susceptible to respiratory
infection. Nitrogen oxides can cause edema (in
concentrations of l0ppm for 8 hours); concentrations
of 20-30 ppm for 8 hours can produce fatal lung
damage. NO also reacts with hydrocarbons to form
photochemical oxidants. The sources of nitrogen
oxides are: Motor-vehicle exhaust, heat and power
generation, nitric acid, explosives, fertilizer plants,
and combustion of fuels.
Carbon Monoxide acts in the bloodstream to deprive
the heart and brain of oxygen. It impairs the ability of
the blood to carry oxygen, and affects the
cardiovascular, nervous, and pulmonary systems.
Moderate concentrations significantly reduce brain
functions, and can cause angina. Carbon Monoxide is
caused by the incomplete combustion of carbon, which
occurs in motor-vehicles, and some industrial
processes.
Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2 )
This pollutant causes respiratory tract problems, eye
irritation, and permanent harm to lung tissue. It
combines with water to form acid aerosols and sulfuric
acid mist which falls to earth as acid rain, causing
plant and structural damage, and acidifying bodies of
water. Sources of sulfur dioxide include heat and
power generation facilities, combustion processes that
use oil or coal containing sulfur, sulfuric acid plants,
petroleum refineries and smelters of sulfur-containing
ore.
Suspended Particulate Matter (PM 10 )
This pollutant causes eye and throat irritation,
bronchitis, lung damage, and impaired visibility. It
soils materials, causes corrosion, and acts as a carrier
of toxics adsorbed or absorbed in it. Motor vehicle
exhaust, industrial processes, incinerators, heat and
power generation, steel mills, smelters, demolition,
wood burning stoves, fugitive dust, and plants are
sources of suspended particulate matter.
5

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TABLE 2
NUMBER OF STATIONS VIOLATING
NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
1997
Standard CT ME MA NH RI VT
Annual Primary 0.03 ppm 0/13 0/9 0/20 0/11 0/3 0/2
24-hour Prhnary* 0.14 ppm 0/13 0/9 0/20 0/11 0/3 0/2
3-hour Secondary* 0.5 ppm 0/13 0/9 0120 0/11 0/3 0/2
M 10
Annual Primary 50 uglm 3 0/25 0/22 0/16 0/13 0/7 0/7
24-hour Primary** 150 ug/m 3 0/25 0/22 0/16 0/13 0/7 0/7
CO
8-hour Primary* 9 ppm 0/5 — 0/9 0/2 0/3 0/2
1-hour Primary* 35 ppm 0/5 — 0/9 0/2 0/3 0/2
1-hour Primary*** 0.12 ppm 11/12 3/11 2/16 1/12 0/4 0/2
Annual Primary 0.05 ppm 0/5 0/2 0/13 0/2 013 0/2
Pb
Quarterly Mean 1.5 ug/m 3 — — --- --- —- —
* Unless the second highest average exceeds the NAAQS, there is no violation.
** Expected number of exceedances shall not be more than one per year (3 year average) as determined by
Appendix K of 4OCFR Part 50.
Expected number of exceedance days shall not be more than one per year (3 year average) as determined by
Appendix K of 4OCFR Part 50.
x/y - x is the number of stations in violation.
y is the total number of stations.
This pollutant is not monitored in the state.
- 6

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TABLE 3
7

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PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

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ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS USED IN TABLE 3
Monitor type (I =NAMS,
2=SLAMS, 3=Other,
4=Industrial, 6,7,8=PAMS
0=Unknown, C=Non EPA
Federal)
Year
#OBS Number of Observations
MAX 24-HR: 1ST Highest 24-hour value
recorded in the year
2ND Second highest 24-hour
value for the year
3RD Third highest 24-hour
value for the year.
4TH Fourth highest 24-hour
value for the year.
AJUTH MEAN Arithmetic mean
WTD ARITII MEAN Weighted arithmetic mean
OBS > 35 Number of observations greater
than 35 ppm for CO
MAX 8-HR: 1ST Highest 8-hour value
recorded in the year
2ND Second highest 8-hour
value recorded in the year
OBS > 9 Number of 8-hour ave. greater
than 9 ppm for CO
OBS > 365 Number of 24-hour ave. greater
than 365 ug!m 3 for SO,
MAX 3-LIR: 1ST Highest 3-hour value
recorded in the year
2ND Second highest 3-hour
value recorded in the year
Obs > 1300 Number of 3-hour ave. greater
than 1300 ug/m 3 for SO,
NUT%I MEAS The valid number of days
measured
N1JM REQ The valid number of days in the
ozone season
GEO MEAN
Geometric mean
N1JM OBS Number of Observations
GEO STD Geometric standard deviation
QUARTERLY ARITH MEANS:
First quarter arithmetic mean
Second quarter arithmetic mean
Third quarter arithmetic mean
Fourth quarter arithmetic mean
MEANS > 1.5 Number of quarterly means
greater than 1.5 ug/m 3 for lead
MAX VALUES: 1ST Highest 24-hour value
recorded for the year (except Pb for
Connecticut and New Hampshire, which
are monthly values).
2ND Second highest 24-hour value
recorded for the year (except Pb for
Connecticut and New Hampshire, which
are monthly values).
METH Method
MAX 1-HIR: 1ST Highest 1-hour value
recorded in the year
2ND Second highest 1-hour
value recorded in the year
SCHEDULED NUM OBS
Number of observations scheduled
% OBS Percent completed of number of
observations scheduled
VALID DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM:
Maximum hourly values for
1ST the highest day
2ND the second highest day
3RD the third highest day
4TH the fourth highest day
VALS > .125: MEAS Number of measured
daily maximum > 0.125 ppm
EST Number of expected
violations
MISS DAYS ASSUMED < STANDAJtD
Number of missing days assumed
to be less than the standard
THE DATA IN TABLE 3 CONSISTS OF BOTH
STATE AND PRIVATE NETWORKS.
SITE ID Site Identification number
POC Parameter Occurrence Code -
differentiates between monitors for
a given pollutant
MT
YR
REP ORG Reporting Organization
1ST
2ND
3RD
4TH
8

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1997 NEW ENGLAND AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SUMMARY
Overall air quality in New England in 1997 was similar to 1996, with the exception
of ozone. The summer of 1997 was drier and hotter than the cool, wet summer of 1996
and thus observed ozone concentrations were much higher in 1997. Continued reductions
in ozone precursor emissions throughout 1997 were major factors in mitigating the higher
observed concentrations of ozone. In 1995, twenty ozone monitoring stations recorded
one or more days over the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for ozone. In
1996, only seven monitoring stations recorded one or more days over the standard.
Twenty-five monitoring stations reported one or more days over the standard in 1997.
Ambient concentrations for the other criteria pollutants continued to stay below the National
Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), with no site in New England reporting data for
any other criteria air pollutant above the NMQS. Eight-hour average ozone
concentrations are discussed in a separate section on the new ozone and PM 10 NAAQS.
9

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CONNECTICUT SUMMARY
There are five carbon monoxide (CO) monitoring sites in Connecticut (CT). In
1997, Hartford Courthouse recorded a maximum 8-hour concentration of 6.1 ppm or 68%
of the NAAQS. Beginning in 1988, Hartford experienced a downward trend in CO
concentrations. The ten-year CO trend graph shows that alt of the other sites are well
below the standard and are relatively stable.
Lead (Pb) monitoring in Connecticut was discontinued at the end of 1996. There
had been no violations of the quarterly lead (Pb) NAAQS at any site in Connecticut for
many years. In 1996, the New Haven Stiles Street site had the highest Pb value in the
state, with a maximum quarterly average of 0.08 ug/m 3 or 5% of the NAAQS.
In 1997, none of the three sites that monitored nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) experienced
any violations of the NAAQS. Bridgeport and New Haven reported arithmetic means of
44% and 48% of the NAAQS. The photochemical assessment monitoring stations (PAMS)
in Stafford and Westport operate during the summer season and had seasonal arithmetic
means of approximately 12% and 34% of the NAAQS. The PAMS site in East Hartford
operated for most of the year and had an annual mean of 36% of the NAAQS. The ten-
year trend graph shows that the NO 2 levels for these sites have been constant with only
small year-to-year fluctuations.
In Connecticut, eleven of the twelve ozone (03) sites reported violations of the
NAAQS in 1997. In 1996, only five sites reported ozone concentrations above the NAAQS,
while in 1995 eleven sites reported violations of the NAAQS. The cool, wet summer of
1996 contributed to the lower ozone levels of that year. In 1997, Groton reported the
highest 1-hour second maximum value of 0.150 ppm or 125% of the NAAQS. The ten-
year trend line shows a large fluctuation in the number of days above the NAAQS.
In 1997, none of the sites collecting particulate matter of less than 10 microns
diameter (PM 10 ) had any violations of the annual or 24-hour standards. The Norwalk site
reported the highest 24-hour second maximum value of 65 ug/m 3 or 43% of the NAAQS.
The Norwalk site had an annual arithmetic mean of 62% of the NAAQS. The ten-year
trend graph shows no discernable trends, except for a decrease in the ôoncentration of
PM 10 at the New Haven site.
There were no violations of the annual, 24-hour, or 3-hour SO 2 standards in
Connecticut. The highest annual arithmetic mean, of 7 ppb or 23% of the NAAQS, was
reported in Bridgeport. The lowest annual arithmetic mean, of 3 ppb or 10% of the
NAAQS, was reported in Mansfield. New Haven reported the highest 24-hour second
maximum of 32 ppb or 23% of the NAAQS. Overall, the ten-year SO 2 graph shows
decreasing trends.
10

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WINDHAM
NEW LONDON
r
/ T
LITCHFIELD
HARTFORD
COURThOUSE 156 I4ORGAN STREET
ATFORD
—*
401 FIATBUSH AVENUE
HARTFORD
3.7
TOLLAND
-
ii
( J
NEWHAVEN
FAIRFIELD
MIDDLESEX
121
,
8PER MOLEVY HALl. STATE STREET
BRiDGEPORT
4 0
0 5 10 15 20
CONNECTICUT CARBON MONOXIDE
Miles
Second-highest eight-hour average carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in ppm for sites in Connecticut.
The eight-hour CO standard is 9 ppm.

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CONNECTICUT CARBON MONOXIDE
I -- I 1
88 89 90
Bridgeport
—•— Stamford
I I I I I 1
92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
A Hartford
—a— New Haven
CARBON MONOXIDE (42101)
P
OM
SITE ID C T CITY
09-001-0004 1
09-001-0020 1
09-003-0013 1
09-003-0017 1
09-009-0025 1
2 BRIDGEPORT
2 STAMFORD
1 HARTFORD
1 HARTFORD
2 NEW HAVEN
COUNTY
CONNECTICUT
ADDRESS
REP
YR ORG #OBS
UNITS: 007 PPM
MAX 1-HR 0 MAX 8-HR OBS>
1ST 2ND 35 1ST 2ND 9 METH
FAIRFIELD CO
JASPER MCLEVY HALL, STAT
97
001
8571
8.2
FAIRFIELD CO
LIBRARY 96 BROAD ST STA
97
001
8667
8
8 0 56
4
0
0
HARTFORD CO
401 FLATBUSH AVENUE
97
001
8403
4.6
0 5 7
5 1
0
54
HARTFORD CO
COURTHOUSE, 155 MORGAN S
9T
001
5732
12.5
0 4
37
0
0
NEW HAVEN CO
121 ELM STREET
97
001
8501
0 6 1
5 9
0
54
E
a
a
w
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
NIAAQS 9 ppm
4— —

\
91
12

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I
r
RDUTE 100. SHEMPIST BTAT FOREST
— STAFFORD
*0
BHER# OOD ISL D STATE PARK
WESTPORT ‘
0017
/
\ ç
HARTFORD
FAIRFIELD
SHED CONGRESS STREET
BRIDGEPORT
*,
CONNECTICUT NITROGEN DIOXIDE
NEW LONDON
r
0 5 10 15 20
Mil
Annual average nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) concentration in ppm for sites in Connecticut. The annual average
NO 2 standard is 0.05 ppm.
WINDHAM
I
LITCHFIELD
TOLLAND
I UUFFEE PARK
EAST HARTFORD
0.01$
C l )
NEW HAVEN
MIDDLESEX
/
I,

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0.035
CONNECTICUT NITROGEN DIOXIDE
NMQS = 0.05 ppm
SITE ID C T CITY
COUNTY ADDRESS
S.
S.
5 5 5 ——
Bridgeport
- -.- - East Hartford
—A-- New Haven
A
1 ’
S.
/
-- p-
— — — S.
S . - 5 5
A
REP MAX 1-HR
YR OR #OBS 1ST 2ND
S.
S. ——
MAX 24-HR ARIT
1ST 2ND MEAN METH
09-001-0113 1 2 BRIDGEPORT FAIRFIELD CO SHED CONGRESS STREET
09-001-9003 1 3 WESTPORT FAIRFIELD CO SHERWOOD ISLAND STATE PA
09-003-1003 1 2 EAST HARTFORD HARTFORD CO MCAULIFFEE PARK
09-009-1123 1 2 NEW HAVEN NEW HAVEN CO 715 STATE STREET
09-013-1001 1 3 STAFFORD TOLLAND CO ROUTE 190, SHENIPSIT STATE
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
. 5 -S
\
+ -4 . .
- - S.
I I I 1
88 89 90 91
E
c i
, 0.03
z
w
0
0.025 —
I
I-
4:
0.02..-
0.015 —
NITROGEN DIOXIDE (42602)
P
OM
— — — — S. 5555
I I I - I I —F — —
92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
UNITS: 007 PPM
CONNECTICUT
97 001 8397 0.091 0.081
97 001 6375 0.076 0.073
97 001 7706 0.081 0.078
97 001 8526 0.118 0.11
97 001 4336 0.034 0.033
0.022 74
.017? 74
0.018 74
0.024 74
.006? 74
14

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I ‘ I 8TAFFORD
p
UPIVERBflV ROAD I
io a o HARTFORD
* I TOLLAND
WINDHAM
EAST HARTFORD
2 \
LITCHFIELD ( j
N
I \
LIDDLETOWN
L ’ K_ . oo.it vAu .Ev H0SP. BHEW HALL EASTE 1 o
2 MIDDLESEX - NEW LONDON
NEWHAVEN
I TRAILER W. OONJIECT1OUT STATE
I DANBURY
4
FAIRFIELD
2
——I
r
USOG UOHThOUSE
STRATFORD
PROSPECT ST1 ET
\
BH NOOD ISLAND STATE PARK
WESTPORT
B
CONNECTICUT OZONE
0 5 10 15 20
Miles
3
Number of ozone exceedance days for sites in Connecticut.

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5
CONNECTICUT OZONE
U)
II
A
C l)
w
-j
S
S
>(
4
S
4
U-
0
w
S
z
20
15
10
5
0
P
OM
SITE ID C T CITY
OZONE(4420 1)
Greenwich
Stratford
COUNTY ADDRESS
YEAR
East Hartford
Middletown
CONNECTICUT
OZONE SEASON: APR 01 TO SEP 30
REP NUM NUM
YR ORG MEA REQ 1ST
--‘-- Stafford
UNITS: 007 PPM
VALID DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM
—MAXIMUM---—--
2ND 3RD 4TH
MIS
DAY
VALS>.12 ASU
ME EST* STAN MET
09-001-0017
1 2 GREENWICH
FAIRFIELD C
GREENWICH POINT
97
001
183
183
0.162
0.142
0.126
0.122
3
3
0
53
09-001-0113
1 1 BRIDGEPORT
FAIRFIELDC
SHEDCONGRESSST
97
001
182
183
0.135
0.129
0.123
0.116
2
2
0
53
09-001-1123
1 2 DANBURY
FAIRFIELD C
TRAILER, W. CONN
97
001
183
183
0.14
0.138
0.134
0.131
4
4
0
53
09-001-3007
1 1 STRATFORD
FAIRFIELD C
USCG LIGHTHOUSE
97
001
181
183
0.187
0.135
0.134
0.132
6
6
2
53
09-001-9003
1 3 WESTPORT
FAIRFIELD C
SHERWOOD ISLAND
97
001
182
183
0.166
0.139
0.132
0.132
6
6
0
53
09-003-1003
1 1 EAST HARTFOR
HARTFORD CO
MCAULIFFEE PARK
97
001
183
183
0.161
0.148
0.114
0.114
2
2
0
53
09-005-0006
1 2 TORRINGTON
LITCHFIELD
UNIVERSITY ROAD
97
001
179
183
0.124
0.124
0.12
0.111
0
0
2
53
09-007-0007
1 1 MIDDLETOWN
MIDDLESEX C
CONN. VALLEY HOS
97
001
176
183
0.178
0.135
0.122
0.121
2
2.1
1
53
09-009-1123
1 1 NEWHAVEN
NEWHAVENC
715STATESTREET
97
001
182
183
0.157
0.127
0.117
0.114
2
2
1
53
09-009-3002
1 2 MADISON
NEW HAVEN C
HAMMONASSET STAT
97
001
182
183
0.163
0.145
0.142
0.133
6
6
1
53
09-011-0008
1 2 GROTON
NEWLONDON
UNIVERSITYOFCO
97
001
181
183
0.183
0.15
0.137
0.132
6
6
1
53
09-013-1001
1 1 STAFFORD
TOLLANDCO
ROUTE 190, SHENI
97
001
183
183
0.166
0.146
0.115
0.111
2
2
0
53
NAAQS 1 day >= 0.125 ppm
88 89
91 92 93
94 95 96 97
16

-------
\
140 MARI
TO NOTON
10 I
*r
LITCHFIELD
PtINOH BROOK ROAD AT FISH POP 8
BURUNQ1ON
14
*
I TRALERW. OOP1 EDflOUT STATE
I DANSURY
21
WINDHAM
r
SHw OOPnREBS STREET
‘ DGEPORT
21
T8CHOO1PARKA 10 15 20
OOmLA
— WESTPORT
15 * BRIDGEPORT
/ Gf E)MIOH POINT PARIC 21
G BM?OH 16ATW TAVE
)RWALX
‘> [ vl) SATOROOKEIDEDRIVE CONNECTICUT PM 10
DARIEN
Annual average PM 10 concentration in ug/m 3 for sites in Connecticut. The annual average PM 10 standard
is 5 uglm 3 .
N
HARTFORD TOLLAND
OORI ER OF OHE.DON ST. OIlY HALL 740 IN 8T ET
RTPORO
7* HELCO 400 SHEIi)ON STREET
401 FLAThU8H AVENUE
HARTFORI)
10
SHED MEAD
WATERBURY
24
-&
*
,j
* 100 VAILEYST
WMAWflO I
17 1
PAOHALJQ STATE FOREST VOUJNTOWN CT
VOWNTOWN
15 * I
fl COURT HOUSE SQUARE
NORWiCH
* I
10
NEW LONDON
NEW HAVEN
46 WJN 81
WAWNOFORD
10
MIDDLESEX
FAIRFIELD
Sfl T
PEW HAVEN
COWER OF STiLES 8T T a ALABAMA STREET
PEW HAVEN
24

-------
cv,
E 120
0)
110
LU
-J
>
90
0
‘80
(- .4
70
60
50
a
40
30
YEAR
-u- Bridgeport Roosevelt School
— New Haven Stiles St.
—*-- Waterbury Shed Meadow P1
PM-1OTOTALO-1OUM (81102) CONNECTICUT
P
50
C’)
E
0)
z
40
0
H
LU
I
I-
a
LU
H
I
220
LU
S.
S.
09-001-0010 1 1 BRIDGEPORT FAIRFIELD ROOSEVELT 97 001 55 55
09-001-0017 1 2 GREENWiCH FAIRFIELD GREENWiCH 97 001 61 61
09-001-0113 3 3 BRIDGEPORT FAIRFIELD SHED CONGR 97 001 4 4
09-001-1123 1 2 DANBURY FAIRFIELD TRAILER,W. 97 001 60 60
09-001-1 401 1 1 DARIEN FAIRFIELD -95 AT BROO 97 001 59 59
09-001.2014 1 1 NORWALK FAIRFIELD I-95ATWEST 97 001 59 59
09-001-9003 1 3 WESTPORT FAIRFIELD SHERWOOD I 97 001 7 7
09-003-0013 1 1 HARTFORD HARTFORD C 401 FLATBUS 97 001 61 61
09-003-0015 1 1 HARTFORD HARTFORD C HELCO, 400 S 97 001 59 59
09-003-0015 3 3 HARTFORD HARTFORD C HELCO, 400 S 97 001 59 59
09-003-1004 1 2 EAST HARTF HARTFORD C CITY HALL, 74 97 001 59 59
09-003-1005 1 2 ENFIELD HARTFORD C SHAKER ROA 97 001 59 59
09-003-1018 3 3 HARTFORD HARTFORD C CORNER OF S 97 001 0 0
09-003-2001 1 2 BURLINGTON HARTFORD C PUNCH BROO 97 001 58 58
09-005-6001 1 2 TORRINGTON LITCHFIELD 140 MAIN STR 97 001 57 57
09-007-1003 1 2 MIDDLETOWN MIDDLESEX CITY HALL, D 97 001 58 58
09-009-0011 1 1 NEW HAVEN NEW HAVEN HAMILTON AV 97 001 61 61
09-009-0018 1 1 NEW HAVEN NEW HAVEN STiLES STRE 97 001 54 54
09-009-0021 1 3 NEW HAVEN NEW HAVEN CORNER OF S 97 001 338 338
09-009-0021 2 3 NEW HAVEN NEW HAVEN CORNER OF S 97 001 338 338
09-009-1123 1 1 NEW HAVEN NEW HAVEN 715STATEST 97 001 61 61
09-009-1123 2 2 NEWHAVEN NEWHAVEN 715STATEST 97 001 61 61
09-009-2123 1 1 WATERBURY NEW HAVEN SHED MEADO 97 001 58 58
09-009-2123 2 3 WATERBURY NEW HAVEN SHED MEADO 97 001 58 58
09-009-2123 4 3 WATERBURY NEW HAVEN SHED MEADO 97 001 272 272
09-009-4006 1 2 WALLINGFOR NEW HAVEN 45 SOUTh MAI 97 001 60 60
09-011-0009 1 1 NEW LONDON NEW LONDON PERKINS ST T 97 001 54 54
09-011-3002 1 2 NORWiCH NEW LONDON 22 COURT HO 97 001 56 56
09-011-9001 1 2 VOLUNTOWN NEW LONDON PACHAUG ST 97 001 59 59
09-015-1002 1 2 WILLIMANT1 W1NDHAM CO 108 VALLEY S 97 001 59 59
? INDICATES THAT ThE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
87 63 61 51 41 40 0 0 21? 62
97 63 90 61 46 43 0 0 20 62
80 5 26 25 21 11 0 0 21? 62
95 63 47 46 46 41 0 0 21 62
94 63
94 63
88 8
97 63
94 63
94 63
94 63
94 63
0 0
92 63
90 63
92 63
97 63
86 63
93 63
93 365
97 63
97 63
92 63
92 63
99 48
95 63
86 63
89 63
94 63
94 63
63 50 47 44 0 0 26 62
67 65 53 52 0 0 31 62
24 20 18 14 0 0 15? 79
47 42 40 39 0 0 19 62
53 45 42 41 0 0 22 62
51 45 42 41 0 0 22 62
50 47 42 39 0 0 21 62
45 41 35 35 0 0 16 62
0 0 31? 79
44 38 37 29 0 0 14 62
41 38 37 31 0 0 19 62
47 44 37 36 0 0 19 62
55 42 40 39 0 0 22 62
63 60 46 45 0 0 29? 62
67 64 58 57 0 0 24 79
67 64 58 57 0 0 24 79
54 41 40 38 0 0 21 62
52 43 41 37 0 0 21 62
46 43 42 41 0 0 23 62
47 45 43 40 0 0 24 62
68 63 59 56 0 0 23? 79
47 44 41 37 0 0 18 62
65 39 36 36 0 0 18 62
52 41 38 36 0 0 19 62
64 45 39 38 0 0 15 62
41 37 37 35 0 0 17 62
NAAQS = 150 ug/m3
NAAQS = 50 ug/m3
*
I’
I’ \
CONNECTICUT PMIO
SCHEDULED
\, -.
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
SITE ID C T CITY
I I I I I I I I I
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
-•- Bridgeport Roosevelt School
—i- New Haven Stiles St.
—*— Waterbury Shed Meadow P1
UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25C)
WTD
O M REP NUM NUM % NUM —MAXIMUM VALUES— VALS> 150 ARIT
COUNTY ADDRESS YR ORG OBS OBS OBS REQ 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH MEA EST MEA METH
18

-------
/ -7 P
L!TCHFIELD
TP.’ ILER W. OONI Ebt1O JT STATE UNIVERSITY
DANBURY \
*0.006
FAIRFIELD
HARTFORD
WINDHAM
{ J
* NORTH FRONTAGE ROAD
NBflaD
1 ’ 0.000
J
tJ
NEW LONDON
FIRE HEADQUARTERS
GROTON
0.004
r
SHERWOOD ISLAM)
FAiRFIELD
0.000
* 4$t
, 4 J 14 jJy _J HIUAPJDALE AVENUE
V’ ’ W’ GREENWiCH POINT PARK
GREENWiCH
0.004
116 BOSTON TERRACE
BRIDGEPORT
0.007
0 5 10 15 20
M Ies
CONNECTICUT SULFUR DIOXIDE
Annual average sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) concentration in ppm for sites in Connecticut. The annual average
°2 standard is 0.03 ppm.
1’
7 TOLLAND
r ER OF SHELDON ST. AM) OOWUBUS BLVD
I HARTFORD
\0 . 004 **
$6 H H STREET EAST HARTFORD
EABT HARTFORD
0.006
NEW HAVEN
MIDDLESEX
AMWL SHELTER
EW HAVEN
0.006

-------
CONNECTICUT SULFUR DIOXIDE
I ’ I I I I I I I
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
—4— Bridgeport
— - Danbury
New Haven
- Waterbury
—4— Groton
0.1
0.09 -
E
Q.
2 0.08
w
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.07 -
0.06 -
/ %
/ ‘
NAAQS = 0.03 ppm
I I I I I I I
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
—4— Bridgeport
—A-- Danbury
- —- New Haven
— - Waterbury
—4-— Groton
SULFUR DIOXIDE (42401)
p
OM
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY
CONNECTICUT
ADDRESS
OBS
UNITS: 007 PPM
OBS
REP
MAX 24-HR
>
MAX 3-HR
>
MAX
1-HR
ARIT
YR ORG
#OBS 1ST
2ND
ST
1ST
2ND
ST
1ST
2ND
MEAN METH
09-001-0012 1 1
BRIDGEPORT
FAIRFIELD Co
115 BOSTON TERRA 97
001
8289
0.039
0.031 0 0.074
0.07
0
0.123
0.109
0.007 60
09-001-0017 1 2
GREENWiCH
FAIRFIELD CO
GREENWiCH POINT 97
001
8314
0.027
0.025 0 0.05
0.041
0
0.054
0.051
0.004 60
09-001-1123 1 2
DANBURY
FAIRFIELD CO
TRAILER, W. CONNE 97
001
8295
0.027
0.024 0 0.037
0.029
0
0 044
0.035
0.005 60
09-001-2124 1 2
STAMFORD
FAIRFIELD CO
HILLANDALE AVENU 97
001
8334
0.037
0.03 0 0.042
0.041
0
0.051
0.05
0.006 60
09-001-9003 1 3
WESTPORT
FAIRFIELD CO
SHERWOOD ISLAND 97
001
2093
0.031
0.026 0 0.043
0.04
0
0 052
0.047
0.006? 60
09-003-1005 1 2
ENFIELD
HARTFORD CO
SHAKER ROAD 97
001
8193
0.024
0.021 0 0.032
0.03
0
0.036
0.032
0.004 60
09-003-1018 1 1
HARTFORD
HARTFORD CO
CORNER OF SHELD 97
001
8347
0.027
0.024 0 0.037
0.037
0
0.04
0.039
0.004 60
09-003-2006 1 1
EAST HARTFOR
HARTFORD CO
85 HIGH STREET EA 97
001
8335
0.029
0.025 0 0.036
0.034
0
0.037
0.037
0.005 60
09-009-1003 1 2
EAST HAVEN
NEW HAVEN C
ANIMAL SHELTER, C 97
001
8248
0.025
0.024 0 0.04
0035
0
0 047
0.047
0005 60
09-009-1123 2 1
NEW HAVEN
NEW HAVEN C
715 STATE STREET 97
001
8279
0.041
0.032 0 0.058
0.057
0
0.089
0.066
0.006 60
09-009-2123 1 2
WATERBURY
NEW HAVEN C
SHED MEADOW AND 97
001
8279
0.024
0.02 0 0.032
0.031
0
0.048
0.038
0.005 60
09-011-0007 1 2
GROTON
NEW LONDON
FIRE HEADQUARTER 97
001
8337
0.026
0.022 0 0.045
0,033
0
0.05
0.05
0.004 60
09-013-0003 1 2
MANSFIELD
TOLLAND CO
NORTH FRONTAGE R 97
001
8341
0.019
0.015 0 0.031
0.025
0
0.038
0.031
0.003 60
0.02
- 0.015
0 .
0 .
CO
a)
(-)
• 0.01
E
-C
a)
C
C
< 0.005
NAAQS = 0.14 ppm
‘
•%%\
_ ‘ ,__ r __y
S.
0
--
/
20

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PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

-------
MAINE SUMMARY
At the present time, ME is not operating any carbon monoxide (CO) monitors.
Maine has also discontinued lead (Pb) monitoring due to the extremely low lead
concentrations monitored over the past few years. In 1997, two photochemical
assessment monitoring stations (PAMS) monitored for nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) during the
summer (Kittery operated throughout the year). Neither of these sites experienced any
violations of the NAAQS during 1997. Kittery reported the highest annual arithmetic mean
of 22% of the NAAQS.
Seven of the eleven ozone (03) sites operating in ME had violations of the 03
NAAQS in 1997. This compares with none of the sites reporting ozone levels above the
NAAQS in 1996 and seven sites reporting at least one day above the NAAQS in 1995. In
1997, the Two Lights State Park in Cape Elizabeth and the Ocean Ave site in
Kennebunkport had the highest 1-hour maximum values of 0.154 ppm or 128% of the
standard.
In 1997, none of the sites in ME reported air quality levels above the particulate
matter (PM 10 ) NAAQS. The Post Office site in Lincoln reported the maximum daily
concentration of 88 ug/m 3 or 59% of the NAAQS. There were no violations of the annual
standard in 1997. Tukey’s Bridge in Portland reported the maximum annual arithmetic
mean of 29 ug/m 3 or 58% of the standard. The ten-year trend lines continue to show a
downward trend.
There were not any violations reported at the thirteen sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) sites in
1997. The highest annual arithmetic mean was reported at the Shelter sites in Madawaska
and Portland at 5 ppb or 17% of the NAAQS. The Shelter site in Portland reported the
highest 24-hour second maximum of 23 ppb or 16% of the standard. The US Post Office
site at Madawaska reported the highest 3-hour second maximum of 64 ppb or 13% of the
standard. The ten-year trend graph shows that sites are well below the NAAQS and are
relatively stable. Since 1992, the trend line for the Madawaska US Post Office site has
shown a significant downward trend.
21

-------
/ -i
I
I’
/
‘I
‘*...—. 1 Jp 1 I
t
)
0 304O 5060
sa OOHOOL. ooeo€ .D
‘ -- IaTm v
W 0.011
MAINE NITROGEN DIOXIDE
Annual average nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) concentration in ppm for sites in Maine. The annual average NO 2
standard is 0.05 ppm.
/
/
/
AROOS TO OK
I
‘I .
/
J
11
S
PISC ,ATAQUIS
PEN S T
SOMERSET
(1t
OXFORD
WASHINGTON
I
- Top OF CAD AO I*DUWTAIN
MR H OR
0.001?
0
PM00
22

-------
MAINE NITROGEN DIOXIDE
NAAQS 0.05 ppm
E
0
0.025 /
0.02- /
o /
0.015— /
E o.01-
-J
0.005—
z ....._ ——
z ——
0- - - - - ___ ___
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
- - - - Cape Elizabeth —fr - Kittery
—.. - Portland v Cadillac Mtn
NITROGEN DIOXIDE (42602) MAINE UNITS: 007 PPM
P
0 M REP MAX 1-HR MAX 24-HR ARIT
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YR OR #OBS 1ST 2ND 1ST 2ND MEAN METH
23-009-0102 1 U BAR HARBOR HANCOCK CO TOP OF CADILLAC MOUNTAIN 97 001 3010 0.01 0.01 .001? 75
23-031-3002 1 3 KI1TERY YORK CO FRISBEE SCHOOL, GOODSOE R 97 019 8532 0.06 0.052 0.011 14
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
23

-------
/
J
•1
/
/
/
/
/
/
/ I
. S
I
•
AROOS TOOK
I
OXFORD \ KENNEBEC
UTE 5, NORTH OVB.L DOT *p y 6T T O
. IOVB.L c i v
/ 1?JNOOLN
(cUMBERAND I J 1 ) __
1 4!
I
i LJ 4TS STATE PAFV(
aOU H HOWS * PEL1ZA ETH

‘4 OOEANAV AA9OP WAY
I . . . A S SOHOOL 0000eo€ F AD
MAINE OZONE
Number of ozone exceedance days for sites in Maine.
I
S
Ii
I
I
PISGATAQUIS
I
‘4
SOMERSET
EN S OT
4 .
I .
WASHINGTON
4q
PORT cLYDE. WJ 6HAiJ PO4NT UOHThOU&E
I ST.
1 0 3040 5060
24

-------
MAINE OZONE
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
• Cape Elizabeth
o Gardiner
* Kennebunkport
OZONE(44201)
P
OM
SITE ID C T CITY
COUNTY
MAINE
OZONE SEASON: APR 01 TO SEP 30
ADDRESS
REP NUM NUM
YR ORG MEA REQ 1ST
23-005-2003
1 8 CAPE ELIZABET CUMBERLAND
TWO LIGHTS STATE
97 001
180
183
0.154
0.13
0.121
0.118
2
2
1
47
23-009-0101
1 2 BAR HARBOR
HANCOCK CO
ACADIA NP_MACFAR
97 001
180
183
0.117
0099
0.098
0.097
0
0
0
19
23-009-0102
1 U BAR HARBOR
HANCOCK CO
TOP OF CADILLAC
97 001
148
183
0.126
0.114
0.106
0.102
1
1.2
0
47
23-011-2005
1 2 GARDINER
KENNEBEC CO
PRAY STREET SCHO
97 001
182
183
0.117
0.102
0.098
0.094
0
0
1
47
23-013-0004
2 2
KNOX CO
PORT CLYDE, MARS
97 001
180
183
0.134
0.119
0.113
0.104
1
1
0
47
23-017-3001
1 3
OXFORD CO
ROUTE 5, NORTH L
97 001
183
183
0.077
0.067
0.067
0.066
0
0
0
47
23-019-4008
1 2
PENOBSCOT C
SUMMIT OF RIDER
97 001
183
183
0.098
0.094
0.092
0.085
0
0
0
47
23-023-0003
1 2
SAGADAHOC C
NAVY ROAD
97 001
175
183
0.143
0.125
0.115
0.109
2
2.1
0
47
23-031-0037
1 3
YORKCO
ROUTE4, SOUTH
97 001
172
183
0.125
0.105
0.097
0.087
1
1.1
2
47
23-031-2002
1 2
YORKCO
OCEANAVE/PARSON
97 001
183
183
0.154
0.125
0.121
0.119
2
2
0
47
23-031-3002
1 3 KITTERY
YORKCO
FRISBEESCHOOL,
97 019
180
183
0.132
0.121
0.114
0.112
1
1
2
11
U,
c’J
(I)
w
NAAQS 1 day >= .125 ppm
UNITS: 007 PPM
MIS
VALID DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM DAY
MAXIMUM VALS>.12 ASU
2ND 3RD 4TH ME EST * STAN MET
25

-------
/
/
/
/
/
B G DADO S R TAUR.NT SOR
• — WASKA
Il fr
/
/
.
HOULTON .. STATKfrI
N
PISCATAQUIS
R
R .EJAWOST.
P 6S0OT
\LPI0OIN
11
UFS.ROUTEfl
. ;N WALDO
13 *
I ---- . Y
1 L,Ar nw 12 S I-ILL PAl
#ELLP+IERTY - CPA 4 F )AD - . ENNE Q AOOU6 Y
I ‘ .KNOX
COIR 1RY IGTOIIEN LOT-CANAL ST
LE 8TON CTY
21
- * .. - * J UNCOLN ,
\ SA W ?C
— /‘---I’. i ’ s) ‘ D
CUMBERLAND f TL3cEr8DfUDO€-eEANPOTFC.
-• ‘ r( 1. 27
—— $HBT WE-O3 & Bil ST
W• PORllJJ CIV
22
G1DN
- EA ES A 1 -
‘° ‘ YORK
0102030405060
M es
BLflLDING 6100. WRI Q AFB
T ONE
P1 I G OFF 58 oe4lw.L DR (SKYWAY lI-I) P19
PSES JE ISLE CIV
13
OE&m P Q
PWJE ISLE OTY
f AROOSTOOK
MAINE PM 10
Annual average PM 10 concentration in ug/m 3 for sites in Maine. The annul
uglm 3 .
26
average PM 10 standard is SO
/
J
I L
I
V
p
/•
t
I
Pt*E 1 STA11ON-WASI-INOTON ST.
B €W CTY
21
21 WA1 ST.
W RTh
22

-------
MAINE PMIO
NAAQS 150 ug/m3
C )
E
C)
120-
100
i80
(\J
60
2O>T TT
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
. Madawaska
• Bridgton
* Portland Oxford St.
Jay Bomaster Prop.
NAAQS 50 ug/m3
(I)
E
F°
YEAR
• Madawaska
• Bridgton
— * Portland Oxford St.
Jay Bomaster Prop.
PM-b TOTAL 0-1OUM (81102)
MAINE UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25C)
SCHEDULED WTD
0 M REP NUM NUM % NUM —MAXIMUM VALUES— VALS> 150 ARIT
COUNTY ADDRESS YR ORG OBS OBS OBS REQ 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH MEA EST MEA METH
SITEID C T CITY
23-001-0011 1 2 LE’MSTON ANDROSCOG COUNTRY KIT 97 001 59 59 94 63 54
23-003-0013 2 2 MADAWASKA AROOSTOOK BIG DADDYS 97 001 62 61 97 63 56
23-003-1008 1 3 PRESQUE IS AROOSTOOK P1 REG OFF 5 97 001 61 58 62 63 37
23-003-1011 1 3 PRESQUE IS AROOSTOOK RIVERSIDE ST 97 001 73 70 90 123 54
23-003-1011 2 2 PRESQUE IS AROOSTOOK RIVERSIDE ST 97 001 272 272 100 273 57
23-003-1012 1 3 LORINGAFB AROOSTOOK BUILDING51O 97 001 256 256 89 365 35
23-003-1013 1 3 HOULTON AROOSTOOK HOULTON FIR 97 001 60 58 92 63 47
23-005-0002 2 3 BRIDGTON CUMBERI.AN UPPER RIDGE 97 001 54 54 86 63 40
23-005-0014 2 1 PORTLAND CUMBERLAN SHELTER SIT 97 001 60 60 95 63 60
23-005-0015 1 1 PORTLAND CUMBERLAN TUKEYS BRID 97 001 61 54 86 63 87
23.007-0003 1 4 JAY FRANKLIN C JEWELL PRO 97 103 121 121 98 123 34
23-007-0004 3 2 JAY FRANKLIN C BOMASTER P 97 103 118 118 96 123 34
23-009-0201 1 3 ELLSWORTH HANCOCK CO 21 WATER ST 97 001 58 57 90 63 78
23-009-0202 1 3 ELLSWORTH HANCOCK CO TRIANGLE EX 97 001 14 13 87 15 79
23-011-0014 1 2 AUGUSTA KENNEBEC C RINES HILL P 97 001 65 60 95 63 88
23-013-2001 1 2 THOMASTON KNOX CO MITCHELL PR 97 106 120 120 98 123 57
23.017-0008 1 2 MEXICO OXFORD CO LABONVILLES 97 104 179 179 98 183 43
23-017-2007 1 2 RUMFORD OXFORD CO VILLAGE GRE 97 104 171 171 93 63 37
23-019-0002 2 2 BANGOR PENOBSCOT PUMP STATIO 97 001 61 59 94 63 52
23-019-1007 2 4 LINCOLN PENOBSCOT THOMAS MOT 97 109 14 12 80 15 37
23-019-1012 1 4 LINCOLN PENOBSCOT PENOBSCOT 97 109 13 11 73 15 20
23-019-2003 1 2 LINCOLN PENOBSCOT POST OFFICE- 97 109 40 40 89 45 88
23-031-0005 1 2 BIDDEFORD YORK CO 57 BIRCH STR 97 001 59 59 94 63 59
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
48 41
49 48
36 35
47 45
57 53
35 33
45 42
23 19
56 41
81 55
31 30
33 33
74 65
58 50
81 70
53 53
42 41
30 30
52 46
31 25
20 19
60 50
33 32
38 0 0 21 64
46 0 0 22 64
28 0 0 13? 63
38 0 0 19? 64
52 0 0 21? 79
32 0 0 10? 0
41 0 0 15 0
13 0 0 8? 62
39 0 0 23 64
54 0 0 29? 64
28 0 0 13 63
26 0 0 12 62
60 0 0 22 63
33 0 0 27? 63
57 0 0 23 63
45 0 0 17 63
39 0 0 16 62
28 0 0 13 62
41 0 0 21 62
22 0 0 14? 62
15 0 0 11? 62
49 0 0 27? 63
30 0 0 20 64
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
27

-------
I
4 ,’
I
J
p
/4 \
SOMERSET
/
4
/
/
/
/
4/
U.S. POST OFROE 430 EAST WIN S1 T
W DAWA A
0.004
PORTABLE SHB .T -ALBERT ST.
W WASKA
: ‘
S
ii ,
t
1
S
STATiON
I ,;
o io 2030405060
.1
10H SOHOOL .ST. 1HOW . S ST.
0.006
/ AROOSTOOK
I UOLU A
LEWISTON C I V
D.00T CUMBERLAND. -
‘, -
SH T T OX AO & .M ST
PORTLk C CTY
0.006
YORK
MAINE SULFUR DIOXIDE
Annual average sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) concentration in ppm
standard is 0.03 ppm.
28
for sites in Maine. The annual average SO 2
/
I
PISCATAQUIS
1v
0.004
*
OXFORD /
VIJ.AOE
0.004
CO(4TRY I
LEMSTON TV
0 .004._ /
6
0.
‘I’

-------
MAINE SULFUR DIOXIDE
NM QS = 0.14 ppm
0.08
0.07 -
0.06
0.05
I
c . 1
0.02-
0.01 -
0 Ii.
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
• Lewiston Country Kitchen
• Madawaska US Post Office
* Mexico
- Rumford
SULFUR DIOXIDE (42401) MAINE
SITE ID C T Cliv COUNTY ADDRESS
P
OM
0.014-
E
0. -
0.012-
0.01
0.008
0.0O6-
0.004
N AAQS = 0.03 ppm
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
- u Lewiston Country Kitchen
• Madawaska US Post Office
* — Mexico
- Rumford
OBS
UNITS: 007 PPM
r Er MAX 24-HR > MAX 3-HR
YR ORG #OBS 1ST 2ND ST 1ST 2ND
23-001-0011 1 1 LEWISTON
23-001-3003 1 3 LEWISTON
23-003-0009 1 2 MADAWASKA
23-003-0012 1 4 MADAWASKA
23-003-1003 1 4 MADAWASKA
23-003-1013 1 3 HOULTON
23-005-0014 1 1 PORTLAND
23-017-0011 1 4 MEXICO
23-017-2007 2 2 RUMFORD
ANDROSCOGGI COUNTRY KITCHEN 97
ANDROSCOGGI COLUMBIA STREET 97
AROOSTOOK C PORTABLE SHELTER 97
AROOSTOOK C U.S.POST OFFICE. 97
AROOSTOOK C HIGH SCHOOL-ST. T 97
AROOSTOOK C HOULTON FIRE STAT 97
CUMBERLAND SHELTER SITE-OXFO 97
OXFORD CO HUNTS PROPERTY- 97
OXFORD CO VILLAGE GREEN-RO 97
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SA11SFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
001
001
113
113
113
8307 0.018 0.017 0 0.031
1404 0.015 0.013 0 0.042
8321 0.025 0.021 0 0.063
8320 0.032 0.021 0 0.075
8321 0.018 0.016 0 0.069
001 8640 0.017 0.015
001 8346 0.024 0.023
104 6251 0.012 0.011
104 8211 0.012 0.012
0.03
0.031
0.055
0.064
0.04
o 0.032 0.03
0 0.04 0.036
0 0.022 0.021 0 0.039
0 0.034 0.029 0 0.055
0.002 - I t -
OBS
> MAX 1-HR ARIT
ST 1ST 2ND MEAN METH
0 0.051
0 0.052
0 0.167
0 0.125
0 0.111
0 0.042
0 0.048
0.049
0.038
0.135
0.096
0.087
0.04
0.047
0.032
0.049
0.004 60
.007? 60
0.005 60
0.004 60
0.003 60
0.003 60
0.005 60
0.004? 9
0.004 9
29

-------
MASSACHUSETTS SUMMARY
Massachusetts maintains nine carbon monoxide (CO) monitoring sites in the
Commonwealth. Four sites are located in Boston (Kenmore Square, Visconti Street-East
Boston, Breman Street-East Boston, and the Federal Post Office Building), two sites in
Springfield (East Columbus Avenue and Liberty Street), two sites in Worcester (Central
Street and Franklin Street), and a single site in Lowell (Old City Hall). In 1997, there were
not any violations recorded at the Massachusetts CO monitoring sites for the one-hour or
8-hour NAAQS. In 1996, there were violations of the 8-hour NAAQS at the Lowell and
Springfield site. The Lowell site reported 10.5 ppm and the Springfield-East Columbus
Avenue site reported 9.5 ppm. Overall, when compared with 1996, the maximum one-
hour and 8-hour concentrations of CO decreased in 1997. Variability in CO concentrations
is evident from the recent ten-year data records (1988-1997). This is due in part to
changes in meteorology and emission source characteristics. The data, excluding the
Springfield site, show a general decrease in the concentration of CO over the ten-year
period.
In 1996, Massachusetts discontinued lead (Pb) monitoring because air quality levels
were well below the NAAQS and at the lowest levels of method detection. In 1997,
nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) measurements were made at thirteen monitoring sites throughout
the Commonwealth. The highest annual average concentrations were recorded in the
Metropolitan Boston area, Worcester, and Springfield. The lowest concentrations were
recorded at the rural sites of Newbury-Plum Island and Quabbin Summit. The rural sites
recorded average annual concentrations of 0.007 ppm and 0.009 ppm, respectively. The
Kenmore Square monitoring station recorded the highest 1997 average annual NO 2
concentration of 0.030 ppm. Yearly variability for the Massachusetts average annual NO 2
data is small. Also, over the past ten years, there has been no apparent upward or
downward trend for the sites.
Sixteen ozone monitoring sites were operated and maintained during the 1997
summer ozone season. Three monitoring sites recorded ozone concentrations above the
NAAQS. Ozone concentrations recorded in 1997 were generally higher than those
recorded in 1996. The higher ozone concentrations in 1997 may be due to the warmer,
drier summer of that year. The highest ozone concentrations were recorded at the
Quabbin Summit (0.151 ppm) and Fairhaven (0.145 ppm) monitoring sites. Over the past
ten years, the maximum concentration of ozone and the frequency of concentration in
excess of the ozone NAAQS have fluctuated. This has been due to changes in the
emission of ozone precursors and changes in meteorology.
There are sixteen particulate matter (PM 10 ) monitoring sites in Massachusetts. All
of the sites, with the exception of the Quabbin Summit and Sudbury sites, are located
within urban areas of the Commonwealth. The highest annual average concentrations of
PM 10 were recorded in Springfield-East Columbus (29 uglm 3 ), Boston-Columbus (26
ug/m 3 ), and Boston-Kenmore Square (25 ug/m 3 ). The highest maximum and second
highest maximum 24-hour PM 10 concentrations were recorded at Boston-One City Square
(110 ug/m 3 and 59 ug/m 3 ). In contrast, the lowest average annual concentration was
30

-------
recorded at Quabbin Summit (11 ug/m 3 ). Over the past ten years, the concentrations of
PM 10 at the urban sites have shown considerable data variability. The Boston-Kenmore
Square and Worcester sites have shown a general downward trend in PM 10 concentrations.
The other sites, excluding the non-urban sites, have shown significant year-to-year
variability with no apparent upward or downward visible trends. The Quabbin Summit site
has shown a general reduction in the average annual concentration of PM 10 .
Nineteen sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) monitoring sites were operated in Massachusetts
during 1997. There were no violations recorded of the annual, 24-hour (primary) or 3-hour
(secondary) NAAQS for SO 2 The highest short-term (3-hour) SO 2 concentrations were
recorded at the Swansea monitoring site (108 ppb). The Chelsea site recorded the
maximum 24-hour concentration of 55 ppb. The second maximum 24-hour concentration
of 44 ppb was recorded at the Swansea site. The lowest annual average SO 2
concentration, recorded at several sites, was 4 ppb. The highest annual SO 2 concentration
was recorded in Boston-Kenmore Square (9 ppb). Over the past ten years, all SO 2
monitoring sites in Massachusetts have shown a general decline in SO 2 levels.
31

-------
6l .I
/ BERKSHIRE
/
7
I L
“fl HAMPSHIRE
I
HAMPDEN
/
- - — - - —- - - : ‘ YE I LDT
— 8P N WI D
LI
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
MASSACHUSETTS CARBON MONOXIDE
Second-highest eight-hour average carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in ppm for sites in
Massachusetts. The eight-hour CO standard is 9 ppm.
Miles
OLD cnv i E IWGK ET
LO#&LL
LI
FRANKLIN
ESSEX
I
MIDDLESEX
WORCESTER
FRAMQJN STREET PARIONO WT
REE8R
STREET FIRE BTA11ON CENTRAL$T.
340 BHEUN4 STR T EAST BOSTON
BOSTON
Li
ScONfl STREET E T BOSTON
BOSTON
LI
FED AL POST OFF BLDG MILK I CONOREDB
BOSTON
47
I I ORE SONARE 500 DGUMOW AI 111 AVI MU
BOSTON
LI
NORFOLK..
NANTUCIth

-------
MASSACHUSETTS CARBON MONOXIDE
I -
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
Springfield E.Columbus Ave.
— — Boston Kenmore Sq.
— E.Boston Visconti St.
Worcester Central St.
MASSACHUSETTS
UNITS: 007 PPM
OM
SITE ID C T CITY
COUNTY ADDRESS
REP
YR ORG #OBS
MAX 1-HR 0 MAX 8-HR OBS>
1ST 2ND 35 1ST 2ND 9 METH
25-013-0016 1
1 SPRINGFIELD
HAMPDEN CO
LIBERTY STREET PARKING L
97
001
8546
6.8
6.5 0 6.1
5.3
0
67
25-013-2007 1
1 SPRINGFIELD
HAMPDEN CO
EAST COLUMBUS AVENUE
97
001
8536
7.9
7 0 5.3
4.9
0
67
25-017-0007 1
2 LOWELL
MIDDLESEX CO
OLD CITY HALL, MERRIMACK
97
001
7962
6
5.7 0 4.1
3.6
0
67
25.025-0002 1
2 BOSTON
SUFFOLK CO
KENMORE SQUARE, 590 COMM
97
001
8503
6.6
5.7 0 4.5
2.9
0
67
25-025-0016 1
2 BOSTON
SUFFOLK CO
VISCONT1 STREET, EAST BO
97
001
8650
5.9
5.4 0 4.4
3.8
0
67
25-025.0021 1
1 BOSTON
SUFFOLK CO
340 BREMAN STREET, EAST
97
001
8661
6.6
5.1 0 4.6
3.7
0
67
25-025-0038 1
1 BOSTON
SUFFOLK CO
FEDERAL POST OFF BLDG. M
97
001
8439
6.7
6.6 0 4.9
4.7
0
67
25-027-0020 1
2 WORCESTER
WORCESTER CO
CENTRAL STREET FIRE STAT
97
001
8398
6.2
5.5 0 3.7
3.4
0
67
25-027-0022 1
2 WORCESTER
WORCESTER CO FRANKLIN STREET PARKING
97
001
8449
7.5
5.8 0 3.4
3.3
0
67
9
6
E
0 .
w
-J
4:
>
0
I
0
z
0
0
w
U)
/ / — .-
/
—
3li .
I -
A
/ %
/
I
N
CARBON MONOXIDE (42101)
33

-------
‘I
I
/ BERKSHIRE
/
WORCESTER
HAMPOEN 1
* UBEE Y 8T T PN CNO tOT
- — - - — - , - - - - - - -
‘— 152 IOUIH W TF1 D gm r, F D PJ3 lILL8
0.011
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Miles
-300 PAB Q.N AVE. (LY 11WATERTPEATUENI)
LY,aJ
0.015
I B BTREET EA& 00610N
ON
0.027
• I P50OfE 8QUAJ ISO COMMOIMIEALTH AVE?$JE
ON
0.030
lIlA EAAT RI T STREET
STON
0. Ofl
FOX OOUOU AREA
CAPE COO
0.008
MASSACHUSETTS NITROGEN DIOXIDE
Annual average nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentration in ppm for sites in Massachusetts. The annual
average N02 standard is 0.05 ppm.
(
ESSEX
I
C. ’)
OlIffRAL 8T T FIRE STATiON
0.01 5
PLYMOUTH
P ANTUC
I.

-------
MASSACHUSETTS NITROGEN DIOXIDE
E
0 .
.9 0.035 -
z
w
o 0.03-
I-
w
=
0.025
-J
D
z
z
88 89 90 91
YEAR
• Ware
—, — Boston Kenmore Sq.
NAAQS = 0.05 ppm
Chelsea
. Worcester
— Boston Breman St.
MASSACHUSETTS
COUNTY ADDRESS
UNITS: 007 PPM
REP MAX 1-HR MAX 24-HR
YR OR #OBS 1ST 2ND 1ST 2ND
ARIT
MEAN METH
25.001-0002 1 U
TRURO
BARNSTABLE CO
FOX BOTTOM AREA-CAPE COD 97
25-005.1005 1 8
EASTON
BRISTOL CO
1 BORDERLAND ST. 97
25-009-2006 1 8
LYNN
ESSEX CO
390 PARKLAND AVE. (LYNN WA 97
25-009-4004 1 8
NEWBURY
ESSEX CO
SUNSET BOULEVARD 97
25-013-0003 1 8
AGAWAM
HAMPDEN CO
152 SOUTH WESTFIELD STREE 97
25-013-0008 1 8
CHICOPEE
HAMPDEN CO
ANDERSON ROAD AIR FORCE B 97
25-013-0016 1 2
SPRINGFIELD
HAMPDEN CO
LIBERTY STREET PARKING LOT 97
25-015-4002 1 8
WARE
HAMPSHIRE CO
QUABBIN SUMMIT 97
25-025-0002 1 3
BOSTON
SUFFOLK CO
KENMORE SQUARE, 590 COMM 97
25-025-0021 1 1
BOSTON
SUFFOLK CO
340 BREMAN STREET, EAST BO 97
25-025-0040 1 4
BOSTON
SUFFOLK CO
531A EAST FIRST STREET 97
25-025-1003 1 1
CHELSEA
SUFFOLK CO
POWDER HORN HILL 97
25-027-0020 1 2
WORCESTER
WORCESTER CO
CENTRAL STREET FIRE STATIO 97
? INDICATES THAT
ThE MEAN DOES
NOT SATISFY SUMMA
RY CRITERIA
001 3762 0.048 0.047
001 8531 0.05 0.048
001 8177 0.064 0.063
001 8143 0.05 0.042
001 8607 0.065 0.064
001 8175 0.07 0.065
001 7985 0.074 0.068
001 7793 0.054 0.053
001 8126 0.134 0.089
001 8505 0.081 0.079
005 8231 0.081 0.08
001 7795 0.081 0.08
001 7442 0.095 0.09
.* .
S.
___-*-_ _
92 93 94 95 96 97
NITROGEN DIOXIDE (42602)
P
OM
SITE ID C T CITY
.008?
0.009
0.015
0.007
0.011
0.012
0.022
0.009
0.03
0.027
0.022
0.022
0.019
74
74
82
0
74
82
0
82
82
74
74
0
82
35

-------
/ *
/ lIT.
Si
I
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Miles
MASSACHUSETTS OZONE
Number of ozone exceedance days for sites in Massachusetts.
I
11011 STREET 8TO PARK
LAWRØICE
0
I
WORCESTER
WATER NI ) GREAT
aUoSUIW
0
MaE
C )
a)
HAMPDEN
162 80uTHWESTFIaD 8TR 1, FEEDING PILLS
0
•____I
RD
ii
NANTU

-------
U,
c 4
12
io
0
LL
0
w
z
MAb AUhUSE I I S OLONL
YEAR
Fairhaven
— * — Agawam
Chicopee
OZONE(44201)
SITE ID C T CITY
P
OM
UNITS: 007 PPM
VALID DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM
—MAXIMUM------
2ND 3RD 4TH
MIS
DAY
VALS>.12 ASU
ME EST* STAN MET
25-001-0002 1 2 TRURO
25-003-4002 1 2 ADAMS
25-005-1002 1 2 FAIRHAVEN
25-005-1005 1 7 EASTQN
25-009-0005 1 1 LAWRENCE
25-009-2006 1 8 LYNN
25-009-4004 1 7 NEWBURY
25-013-0003 1 8 AGAWAM
25-013-0008 1 7 CHICOPEE
25-015-0103 1 2 AMHERST
25-015-4002 1 7 WARE
25-017-1801 1 1 SUDBURY
25-017-4003 1 2 WALTHAM
25-023-2001 1 2 SCITUATE
25-025-1003 1 1 CHELSEA
25-027-0015 1 1 WORCESTER
BARNSTABLE FOX BOTTOM AREA- 97 001 124 183 0.124 0.116 0.116 0.115 0 0
BERKSHIRE C MT. GREYLOCK SUM 97 001 122 183 0.099 0.087 0.084 0.083 0 0
BRISTOL CO LEROY WOOD SCHOO 97 001 182 183 0.145 0.123 0.118 0.112 1 1
BRISTOL CO 1 BORDERLAND ST. 97 001 178 183 0.114 0.107 0.107 0.104 0 0
ESSEX CO HIGH STREET, STO 97 001 174 183 0.115 0.097 0.091 0.084 0 0
ESSEX CO 390 PARKLAND AVE 97 001 181 183 0.121 0.105 0.101 0.1 0 0
ESSEXCO SUNSETBOULEVARD 97 001 180 183 0.123 0.118 0.107 0.102 0 0
HAMPDENCO 152 SOUTH WESTFI 97 001 175 183 0.115 0.114 0.112 0.11 0 0
HAMPDEN CO ANDERSON ROAD Al 97 001 174 183 0.127 0.126 0.116 0.113 2 2.1
HAMPSHIRE C NORTH PLEASANT S 97 001 175 183 0.109 0.106 0.104 0.103 0 0
HAMPSHIRE C QUABBIN SUMMIT 97 001 176 183 0.151 0.142 0.132 0.123 3 3
MIDDLESEXC WATERROWRDGRE 97 001 177 183 0.114 0.107 0.107 0.099 0 0
MIDDLESEX C BEAVER STREET 97 001 181 183 0.114 0.114 0.105 0.103 0 0
PLYMOUTh CO SCITUATE POLICE 97 001 181 183 0.106 0.095 0.085 0.081 0 0
SUFFOLK CO POWDER HORN HILL 97 001 170 183 0.094 0.092 0.09 0.089 0 0
WORCESTER C WORCESTERAIRPOR 97 001 177 183 0.108 0.106 0.104 0.104 0 0
A
/ \ NAAQSIday>=0.l25ppm
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
COUNTY ADDRESS
MASSAGHUSE TFS
OZONE SEASON: APR 01 TO SEP 30
REP NUM NUM
YR ORG MEA REQ 1ST
1 87
0 87
1 87
0 87
2 87
1 87
3 87
2 87
3 87
2 87
5 87
2 87
2 87
2 87
2 87
4 87
37

-------
PAI (
MASSACHUSETTS PM 10
CB TRAL FIRE STATiON 185 B DR)IiO 81R T
FALl. RNER - e
Is
S
Annual average PM 10 concentration in uglm 3 for sites in Massachusetts. The annual average PM 10
standard is 50 ug/m 3 .
I
FRANKLIN
I
/ BERKSHIRE
/
WORCESTER
EAST 6TO J
O E cnv 8QUA C*t RLE8T
&ON
O GOWUBUS AV9IJE
STON
____I
couuo. ALm AVEM.IE
o 5 10 15 20 25 30
—
BRISTOL
- --—
Miles
PLYMOUTH
YMCA WATB
W 8B FO
15
NANTUC

-------
NAAQS = 150 ug/m3
30
E
28
z
uJ
0
I—
w
I
I-
< 22
0
w
I—
20
18 —.--
88
NAAQS = 50 ug/m3
MASSACHUSETTS PMIO
MASSACHUSETTS UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25C)
SCHEDULED wiD
0 M REP NUM NUM % NUM —--MAXIMUM VALUES--- VALS>150 ARIT
SITE ID C I CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YR ORG OBS OBS OBS REQ 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH MEA EST MEA METH
YEAR
—•— Springfield
— — Ware
—i• Boston Kenmore Sq.
—- Charlestown
— — Worcester Washington St.
PM-b TOTAL 0-bUM (81102)
P
I I I I I I I I I
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
—u— Springfield
—— Ware
— . - Boston Kenmore Sq.
—e— Charlestown
—f— Worcester Washington St.
25-005-2004 1 2 NEW BEDFOR BRISTOL CO YMCA, 25 WA 97 001 58
25-005-3001 1 2 FALL RIVER BRISTOL CO CENTRAL FIR 97 001 59
25-009-0005 1 2 LAWRENCE ESSEX CO HIGH STREET 97 001 60
25-013-0011 2 2 SPRINGFIEL HAMPDEN CO 59 HOWARD S 97 001 59
25-013-2007 1 1 SPRINGFIEL HAMPDEN CO EAST COLUM 97 001 60
25-013-2007 3 3 SPRINGFIEL HAMPDEN CO EAST COLUM 97 001 59
25-013-5003 1 2 WEST SPRIN HAMPDEN CO W. SPRINGFIE 97 001 60
25-015-4002 1 2 WARE HAMPSHIRE QUABBIN SU 97 001 114
25-017-1801 1 2 SUDBURY MIDDLESEX WATER ROW 97 001 57
25-021-0007 1 2 QUINCY NORFOLK CO HANCOCK ST 97 001 47
25-025-0002 1 1 BOSTON SUFFOLK Co KENMORE SQ 97 001 61
25-025-0012 1 1 BOSTON SUFFOLK Co 115 SOUTHAM 97 001 52
25-025-0012 2 3 BOSTON SUFFOLK CO 115 SOUTHAM 97 001 35
25-025-0021 1 2 BOSTON SUFFOLK CO 340 BREMAN 97 001 57
25-025-0024 1 1 BOSTON SUFFOLK Co 200 COLUMBU 97 001 52
25-025-0027 1 1 BOSTON SUFFOLK CO ONE CITY SQ 97 001 58
25-025-0027 3 3 BOSTON SUFFOLK CO ONE CITY SQ 97 001 42
25-027-0013 1 2 WORCESTER WORCESTER 419 BELMONT 97 001 59
25-027-0016 1 1 WORCESTER WORCESTER 2 WASHINGT 97 001 51
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SA11SFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
58 92 63 51 35
59 94 63 58 43
57 90 63 42 36
59 94 63 52 41
60 95 63 69 58
59 94 63 62 57
60 95 63 48 46
114 93 123 44 40
57 90 63 43 41
47 75 63 62 39
61 97 63 52 41
51 81 63 67 59
35 56 63 65 57
57 90 63 58 48
52 83 63 86 58
58 92 63 54 45
41 65 63 110 53
58 92 63 53 38
50 79 63 50 44
34 30 0
41 35 0
31 29 0
36 36 0
55 52 0
57 48 0
38 32 0
40 37 0
32 32 0
30 29 0
41 39 0
40 37 0
39 32 0
43 38 0
55 53 0
43 40 0
52 46 0
35 34 0
39 37 0
0 18 62
0 18 63
0 15 62
0 21 0
0 29 63
0 29 63
0 19 63
0 11 62
0 14 63
0 17? 62
0 25 63
0 20? 62
0 22? 62
0 21 63
0 26 64
0 24 64
0 29? 64
0 19 64
0 20? 64
4
/
I
80
D 70 -
-J
>
60 -
I
50 -
40
o
0
30 —,--
88
/
/
I I I I I I I I I
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
I
I’
/ ‘
• ‘ _ I
/
I
39

-------
-I
QLIASSIN SuMMIT
WAAE
0.005
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Miles
MASSACHUSETTS SULFUR DIOXIDE
Annual average sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) concentration in ppm for sites in Massachusetts. The annual average
FRANKLIN
STAEEI
LAWRB ICE
0.005
——--—.—————————————-——,
/
/BERKSHIRE
0O AN ST
WORCESTER
ceim* STAEET RAE STATiON
0.004
- *ILLTOPAT EP IO OFGL9 A D
PEABODY
0.005
L.ONOIILI. STAEET SUBSTATION
0P NGR D
D.005
340 BAEMMI 8TR T EAST BOSTON
BOSTON
0.00$
SO1A EAST RI T BTAEET
BOSTON
0.00$
LONG M NG BOSTON HARBOR
BOSTON
0.005
BETW N GLOBE AND MLOOX
FALL RIVER
0.004
NANTUC
SO 2 standard is 0.03 ppm.

-------
MASSACHUSETTS SULFUR DIOXIDE
NAAQS = 0.14 ppm
NMQS = 0.03 ppm
I -- _________
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
--- Fall River —-- Ware
—4-- Lawrence —4— Boston Kenmore
—* — Springfield Longh ill St. —W-- Worcester
0
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
-U- Fall River ——- Ware
—4— Lawrence —4— Boston Kenmore
—*— Springfield Longhill St. —U— Worcester
SULFUR DIOXIDE (42401)
P
OM
SITEID c T crrv
MASSACHUSETTS
COUNTY ADDRESS
OBS
UNITS: 007 PPM
OBS
REP MAX 24-HR > MAX 3-HR > MAX 1-HR ARIT
YR ORG #OBS 1ST 2ND ST 1ST 2ND ST 1ST 2ND MEAN METH
25-005-0010 1 4
FALL RIVER
BRISTOL CO BE1WEENGLOBEAN 97
017
4301
0.021
0.015 0 0.061
0.05
0
0.089
0.07
.004?
9
25-005-1004 1 1
FALL RIVER
BRISTOL CO GLOBE STREET 97
001
8549
0.034
0.024 0 0.083
0.067
0
0.11
0.093
0.005
77
25-005-6001 1 4
SWANSEA
BRISTOL CO SHARPS LOT ROAD 97
017
4088
0.044
0.021 0 0.108
0.1
0
0.151
0.138
.005?
9
25-009-0005 1 1
LAWRENCE
ESSEX CO HIGH STREET. STOR 97
001
8435
0.028
0.027 0 0.051
0.048
0
0.082
0.062
0.005
60
25-009-1004 1 4
PEABODY
ESSEX CO HILLTOP AT END OF 97
026
8635
0.026
0.026 0 0.042
0.041
0
0.103
0.072
0.005
9
25-009-1005 1 4
PEABODY
ESSEX CO PERKINS STREET PL 97
026
8395
0.031
0.029 0 0.066
0.055
0
0.125
0.106
0.005
9
25-009-5004 1 4
HAVERHILL
ESSEX CO NETTLE SCHOOL, BO 97
002
8248
0.013
0.012 0 0.021
0.019
0
0.026
0.024
0.004
9
25-013-0016 1 1
SPRINGFIELD
HAMPDEN Co LIBERTY STREET PA 97
001
8667
0.02
0.02 0 0.049
0.035
0
0.063
0.048
0.005
61
25-013-1009 1 1
SPRI FIELD
HAMPDEN CO LONGHILL STREETS 97
001
8535
0.021
0.021 0 0.036
0.032
0
0.047
0.047
0.005
0
25-015-4002 1 2
WARE
HAMPSHIRE C QUABBIN SUMMIT 97
001
5882
0.023
0.023 0 0.039
0.035
0
0.062
0.048
.005?
0
25-017-1701 1 4
STONEHAM
MIDDLESEX CO HILL STREET 97
025
8533
0.038
0.035 0 0.092
0.076
0
0.108
0.105
0.008
9
25-017-4003 1 1
WALTHAM
MIDDLESEX CO BEAVER STREET 97
001
8548
0.02
0.02 0 0.035
0.032
0
0.051
0.049
0.004
61
25-025-0002 1 1
BOSTON
SUFFOLK CO KENMORE SQUARE, 97
001
8293
0.036
0.034 0 0.057
0.051
0
0.064
0.063
0.009
61
25-025-0019 1 4
BOSTON
SUFFOLK CO LONG ISLAND, BOST 97
005
8286
0.026
0.022 0 0.038
0.036
0
0.051
0.049
0.005
60
25-025-0020 1 4
BOSTON
SUFFOLK CO DEWAR STREET, DO 97
005
8350
0.037
0.033 0 0.056
0.053
0
0.063
0.062
0.008
60
25-025-0021 1 1
BOSTON
SUFFOLK CO 340 BREMAN STREE 97
001
8535
0.032
0.03 0 0.053
0.048
0
0.077
0.072
0.008
0
25-025-0021 2 4
BOSTON
SUFFOLK Co 340 BREMAN STREE 97
005
8344
0.025
0.022 0 0.038
0.034
0
0.058
0.043
0.006
60
25-025-0040 1 4
BOSTON
SUFFOLK CO 531A EAST FIRSTS 97
005
8321
0.034
0.033 0 0.066
0.051
0
0.089
0.083
0.008
60
25-025-1003 1 1
CHELSEA
SUFFOLK CO POWDER HORN HILL 97
001
8332
0.055
0.049 0 0.098
0.093
0
0.124
0.118
0.007
0
25-027-0020 1 1
? INDICATES THA
WORCESTER
T ThE MEAN DO
WORCESTER C CENTRAL STREET Fl 97
ES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
001
8535
0.025
0.021 0 0.039
0.039
0
0.053
0.047
0.004
60
0.07
;
I’
I’
It
I’
I’
w 0.06
0.05
I 0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0
w
C l ) 0
0.02
E
0.
0.

w
0
I—
0.01
I
I—
1
0.005 _ — - — % - •I
41

-------
PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

-------
NEW HAMPSHIRE SUMMARY
In 1997, there were no violations of the 8-hour or 1-hour NAAQS at either of the two
carbon monoxide (CO) monitoring sites. In 1996, there was one violation (13.5 ppm) of the
8-hour carbon monoxide NAAQS at Manchester and no violations of the 1-hour NAAQS.
Nashua had the highest second maximum 8-hour average of 5.3 ppm or 59% of the
NAAQS in 1997. The ten-year trend graph shows that CO levels are relatively stable with
some year-to-year fluctuations.
In 1996, New Hampshire discontinued lead (Pb) monitoring because air quality
levels were well below the NAAQS and at the lowest levels of method detection. Nitrogen
dioxide (NO 2 ) monitoring was performed at two sites in 1997. The site in Manchester
measured the maximum NO 2 annual average of 16 ppb or 32% of the NAAQS. There
have been no significant trends for NO 2 in the last ten years.
Three of the twelve ozone (03) sites operating in New Hampshire reported violations
of the NAAQS in 1997. The Rye Harbor State site reported the highest daily maximum
value of 0.156 ppm or 130% of the standard. Last year none of the sites reported
violations of the ozone NAAQS and in 1995 only the Rye Harbor site reported violations
of the NAAQS.
None of the thirteen particulate matter (PM 10 ) (with a mass mean diameter of less
than 10 microns) sites in New Hampshire had any violations of the annual or 24-hour
NAAQS in 1997. Berlin-Lancaster reported the highest 24-hour values and the highest
second maximum value of 81 ug/m 3 or 54% of the daily standard. Berlin-Lancaster
reported the maximum annual average concentration of 37 ug/m 3 or 56% of the NAAQS.
Over the past five years, all PM 10 monitoring sites have recorded particulate matter
concentrations below the annual and 24-hour NAAQS. Yearly variability in the data is
common. Factors contributing to variability are in part determined by meteorology,
transport of particulate matter from distant sources, and changes in the emission strength
of local sources. The ten-year trend graph shows downward trends for PM 10 in
Manchester, Portsmouth and Berlin.
There were no violations reported at any of the eleven sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) sites in
1997. The highest annual arithmetic mean was reported in Manchester at 8 ppb or 27%
of the NAAQS. Pembroke reported the highest 24-hour second maximum of 53 ppb or
38% of the standard, as well as, the highest 3-hour second maximum of 130 ppb or 26%
of the NAAQS. Since 1990, the SO 2 ten-year data have shown no significant trends.
42

-------
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NEW HAMPSHIRE CARBON MONOXIDE
Second-highest eight-hour average carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in ppm for sites in New
Hampshire. The eight-hour CO standard is 9 ppm.
43

-------
NLVV h/kMI- 1-1ft
1ST 2ND 35 1ST 2ND 9 METh
33-011-0018 1 2 MANCHESTER
33-011-1009 1 2 NASHUA
HILLSBOROUGH 20 BRIDGE STREET
HILLSBOROUGH 25 MAIN STREET, MATARAZZ
44
97 001 8458 8
97 001 8520 9
7 0 4.1 4 0 11
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HILLSBOROUGH
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0.013
AOCKINGHAM
I
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NEW HAMPSHIRE NITROGEN DIOXIDE
Annual average nitrogen dioxide (NO:) concentration in ppm for sites in New Hampshire. The annual
average NO 2 standard is 0.05 ppm.
I
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NEW HAMPSHIRE NITROGEN DIOXIDE
0.03— - - - ______ —
E ,! NAAQS 0.05 ppm
0.02--
I L
I
<001 89
YEAR
--s- Manchester
Portsmouth
Nil NUt, N URJAlL) ou ; NEW HAMPSHIRE UNITS: 007 PPM
P
0 M REP MAX 1-HR MAX 24-HR ARIT
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YR OR #OBS 1ST 2ND 1ST 2ND MEAN METH
33-011-0016 1 2 MANCHESTER HILLSBOROUGH C HARNETT PARK. MUNICIPAL PA 97 001 8381 0.066 0.063 0.016 14
33-015-0009 1 2 PORTSMOUTH ROCKINGHAM CO VAUGHAN STREET 97 001 8298 0.051 0.049 0.013 14
46

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NEW HAMPSHIRE OZONE
Number of ozone exceedance days for sites in New Hampshire.
47

-------
NEW HAMPSHIRE OZONE
NAAQS 1 day > .125 ppm
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
— — Manchester —. — Portsmouth
--.--- Nashua
Rye
OZONE(44201)
P
OM
SITEID C T CflY
COUNTY
UNITS: 007 PPM
VALID DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM
2ND 3RD 4TH
MIS
DAY
VALS>.12 ASU
ME EST* STAN MET
33-001-2003
1 2 LACONIA
BELKNAP CO
LACONIAMUNICIPA
97
001
183
183
0.095
0.089
0.082
0.077
0
0
0
11
33-003-1002
1 2 CONWAY
CARROLLCO
KANKAMAUGUSHIGH
97
001
183
183
0.088
0.075
0.075
0.074
0
0
0
11
33-005-0007
1 2 KEENE
CHESHIRECO
RAILROADSTREET
97
001
171
183
0.118
0.092
0.087
0.087
0
0
1
11
33-007-4001
1 3
COOS CO
MT. WASHINGTON
97
002
84
183
0.105
0.094
0.093
0.09
0
0
2
20
33-009-0008
1 2 HAVERHILL
GRAFTON CO
HAVERHILL ARMORY
97
001
181
183
0.077
0.073
0.071
0.07
0
0
2
11
33-011-0016
1 2 MANCHESTER
HILLSBOROUG
HARNETT PARK, MU
97
001
182
183
0.112
0.103
0.101
0.1
0
0
1
11
33-011-1010
1 2 NASHUA
HILLSBOROUG
SANDERSASSOCIAT
97
001
180
183
0.117
0.115
0.11
0.107
0
0
3
11
33-013-0007
1 2 CONCORD
MERRIMACK C
STORRS STREET
97
001
173
183
0.109
0.102
0.096
0.087
0
0
3
11
33-015-0009
1 1 PORTSMOUTh
ROCKINGHAM
VAUGHAN STREET
97
001
179
183
0.126
0.12
0.106
0.102
1
1
4
11
33-015-0012
1 2 RYE
ROCKINGHAM
RYE HARBOR STATE
97
001
180
183
0.156
0.137
0.12
0.117
2
2
2
11
33-017-3002
1 2 ROCHESTER
STRAFFORD C
ROCHESTER HILL R
97
001
182
183
0.133
0.101
0.101
0.097
1
1
1
11
33-019-0003
1 2 CLAREMONT
SULLIVAN CO
SOUTH STREET
97
001
183
183
0.1
0.094
0.083
0.08
0
0
0
11
0
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NEW HAMPSHIRE PM 10
Annual average PM 10 concentration in ug/m 3 for sites in New Hampshire. The annual average PM 10
standard is 50 ug/m 3 .
49
GRAFTON
BELKNAP
;ft AONT 5
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“I — —
NAAQS 150 ug/m3
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
---- Berlin Lancaster St.
—.— Manchester
. Portsmouth
40 - — u uyiin
c )
E ‘I
—
I
301
1OL_
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
-.- Berlin Lancaster St.
—.— Manchester
—.— Portsmouth
UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25C)
wro
NEW HAMPSHIRE PMIO
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PM-iD TOTAL 0-bUM (81102) NEW HAMPSHIRE
p SCHEDULED
0 M REP NUM NUM % NUM —MAXIMUM VALUES—- VALS> 150 ARIT
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YR ORG OBS OBS OBS REQ 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH MEA EST MEA METH
87 63 53 47 46 40 0 0 23 64
83 63 63 62 61 55 0 0 30? 64
75 63 108 81 63 62 0 0 37? 62
78 63 29 29 27 26 0 0 12? 64
86 63 58 35 35 35 0 0 19 64
97 63 54 38 35 34 0 0 18 64
97 63 50 39 37 32 0 0 19 64
97 63 61 42 37 32 0 0 19 64
94 63 47 40 38 34 0 0 17 64
94 63 52 40 31 28 0 0 15 64
83 63 52 45 35 31 0 0 18? 64
90 63 29 28 27 21 0 0 8 64
78 63 48 37 32 29 0 0 18? 64
89 63 48 33 33 31 0 0 16? 64
83 63 56 32 32 30 0 0 17? 64
81 63 56 31 30 30 0 0 16? 64
33-005-0007 1 2 KEENE CHESHIRE C RAILROAD ST 97 001 55 55
33-007-0014 1 2 BERLIN COOS CO LANCASTER S 97 902 52 52
33-007-0014 2 3 BERLIN COOS CO LANCASTER S 97 902 47 47
33-007-0019 1 2 BERLIN COOS CO CATES HILL R 97 902 49 49
33-007-1007 1 2 NORTHUMBE COOS CO ROUTES 110 97 902 55 54
33-011-0015 1 1 MANCHESTE HILLSBOROU 351 CHESTNU 97 001 61 61
33-011-0015 3 3 MANCHESTE HILLSBOROU 351 CHESTNU 97 001 61 61
33-011-1007 1 2 NASHUA HILLSBOROU MAIN STREET 97 001 61 61
33-011-1010 1 2 NASHUA HILLSBOROU SANDERSAS 97 001 59 59
33-011-2001 1 2 HOLLIS HILLSBOROU RTE. 122, SILV 97 001 59 59
33-013-0003 1 2 CONCORD MERRIMACK NO. STATE H 97 001 52 52
33-013-5001 1 3 MERRIMACK MT. SUNAPEE 97 001 57 57
33-015-0009 1 2 PORTSMOUT ROCKINGHAM VAUGHAN ST 97 001 49 49
33-017-0001 1 2 DOVER STRAFFORD CENTRAL AVE 97 001 56 56
33-019-0003 1 2 CLAREMONT SULLIVAN C SOUTH STRE 97 001 52 52
33-019-0003 2 3 CLAREMONT SULLIVAN C SOUTH STRE 97 001 51 51
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
‘---U
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NEW HAMPSHIRE SULFUR DIOXIDE
Annual average sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentration in ppm for sites in New Hampshire. The annual
average S02 standard is 0.03 ppm.
51
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NEW HAMPSHIRE SULFUR DIOXIDE
0.05
0.04H
0.03-i
0.02
0.01 H
0
88 89 90 91
NAAQS 0.14 ppm
92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
0.02
E
Q.
0.015
0.01
-J
0.005-i
1
NMQS 0.O3ppm -
--u-- Berlin —*- Manchester
—.— Northumberland Nashua
SULFUR DIOXIDE (42401)
P
OM
SITE ID C T CITY
COUNTY
-u- Berlin —*- Manchester
—.— Northumberland Nashua
NEW HAMPSHIRE UNITS: 007 PPM
OBS OBS
REP MAX 24-HR > MAX 3-HR > MAX 1-HR ARIT
ADDRESS YR ORG #OBS 1ST 2ND ST 1ST 2ND ST 1ST 2ND MEAN METH
33-005-0007 1 2 KEENE
CHESHIRE CO RAILROAD STREET 97
001
8211
0.024
0.022 0 0.053
0.038
0
0.055
0.053
0.007
23
33-007-0019 1 2 BERLIN
COOSCO CATESHILLRD 97
902
8718
0.011
0.01 0 0.054
0.027
0
0.084
0.055
0.002
20
33-007-0022 1 2 BERLIN
COOS CO OFF HUTCHINS ST., 97
902
8578
0.014
0.012 0 0.044
0.039
0
0.059
0.058
0.003
20
33-007-1007 1 2 NORTHUMBERL
COOS CO ROUTES 110 AND 3, 97
004
8325
0.056
0.029 0 0.132
0.102
0
0.158
0.149
0.004
23
33-011-0016 1 1 MANCHESTER
HILLSBOROUG HARNETT PARK, MU 97
001
8577
0.038
0.036 0 0.079
0.078
0
0.102
0.092
0.008
23
33-011-1009 1 2 NASHUA
I-IILLSBOROUG 25 MAIN STREET, M 97
001
8474
0.047
0.02 0 0.073
0.072
0
0.073
0.073
0.005
23
33-011-1010 1 2 NASHUA
HILLSBOROUG SANDERS ASSOCIAT 97
001
8554
0.02
0.019 0 0.047
0.034
0
0.061
0.048
0.005
23
33-013-0007 1 2 CONCORD
MERRIMACK C STORRS STREET 97
001
8162
0.016
0.016 0 0.064
0.057
0
0.144
0.078
0.003
23
33-013-1003 1 2 PEMBROKE
MERRIMACK C PEMBROKE HILL, BR 97
001
8554
0.054
0.053 0 0.163
0.13
0
0.287
0.224
0.005
23
33-015-0009 1 2 PORTSMOUTH
ROCKINGRAM VAUGHAN STREET 97
001
8487
0.021
0.018 0 0.059
0.055
0
0.11
0.088
0.004
23
33-019-0003 1 2 CLAREMONT
SULLIVAN CO SOUTH STREET 97
001
8536
0.024
0.019 0 0.054
0.049
0
0.058
0.056
0.005
23
1
*4’
*
‘I
*
-*- .*- -*_
0
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
52
-------
PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
-------
RHODE ISLAND SUMMARY
In 1997, none of the three carbon monoxide (CO) monitors violated the 1-hour or
8-hour NAAQS. The Dorrance Street site in Providence reported the highest 8-hour
second maximum value of 5.6 ppm or 62% of the NAAQS. The photochemical
assessment monitoring station (PAMS) in East Providence has a seasonal carbon
monoxide monitor and had an 8-hour second maximum value of 3.0 ppm or 33% of the
NAAQS. The ten-year trend graph shows that CO levels are relatively stable, with a slight
downward trend of the maximum concentration.
Rhode Island has discontinued lead (Pb) monitoring in the state due to the
extremely low levels of lead concentrations monitored over the past few years. In 1997,
three sites were monitored for nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ). Two of these sites were
photochemical assessment monitoring stations (PAMS) and operated during the summer
season. None of the sites experienced any violations of the NAAQS. The Rockefeller
Library site in Providence reported the highest annual arithmetic mean of 0.025 ppm or
50% of the NAAQS. The ten-year trend graph shows that NO 2 levels have remained
stable.
In 1997, of the four ozone sites, only the Alton Jones site experienced a violation
of the NAAQS. The Alton Jones site had the highest 1-hour second maximum value of
0.115 ppm or 96% of the NAAQS. None of the sites reported levels above the NAAQS in
1996. It appears that ozone levels have remained fairly constant over the past few years.
None of the PM 10 sites in RI had any violations of the annual or 24-hour standards
in 1997. The Aliens Avenue site had both the highest 24-hour second maximum value of
62 ug/m 3 or 41% of the standard, and the highest annual arithmetic mean of 33 ug/m 3 or
66% of the standard. The ten-year trend graph shows no discernable trends at either
Providence or Pawtucket.
Three sites were monitored for sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) this year. There were no
violations of the annual, 24-hour, or 3-hour NAAQS at any of the three sites. Rockefeller
Library in Providence reported the highest annual arithmetic mean of 8 ppb or 27% of the
NAAQS. Rockefeller Library also reported the highest 24-hour second maximum of 37 ppb
or 26% of the NAAQS. Both Providence-Rockefeller Library and Pawtucket-Summit Street
reported the highest 3-hour second maximum of 61 ppb or 12% of the NAAQS. The ten-
year trend graph shows a downward trend.
53
-------
—-—--—--—--,
ROCKEFELLER L. RARY. PROSPECT 6T EET
PROVUEN E
3.3
PRO VIDENCE
KENT
WASHINGTON
RHODE ISLAND CARBON MONOXIDE
73 DORRAN E ST ET.
PROVOEN E
FRANC S SCHOOL 64 6 r i
EAST PRO V1DENCE
3.0
\
‘I
T
01234567 8910
es
WASHING TON
Second-highest eight-hour average carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in ppm for sites in Rhode Island.
The eight-hour CO standard is 9 ppm.
‘
1
I
54
-------
NMQS 9 ppm
I
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
--. .- Providence, Department of Health
* Providence Dorrance St.
—.— Providence, Rockefeller Library
CARBON MONOXIDE (42101)
P
OM
SITE ID C T CflY
COUNTY
RHODE ISLAND
ADDRESS
REP
YR ORG #OBS
UNITS: 007 PPM
MAX 1-HR 0 MAX 8-HR OBS>
1ST 2ND 35 1ST 2ND 9 METH
44-007.0012 2
1
PROViDENCE
PROViDENCE CO
44-007-1009 1
1
PROVIDENCE
PROVIDENCE CO
44-007-1010 1
3
EAST PROViDE
N PROVIDENCE CO
ROCKEFELLER LIBRARY, PRO
76 DORRANCE STREET.
SCHOOL, 64 BOURN
97
97
97
001
001
001
7922
8299
4773
7.3
9.9
6.7
6.1 0 3.8
97 0 6.4
5.1 0
3.3
5.6
0
0
54
66
RHODE ISLAND CARBON MONOXIDE
8 t- _
7.5 -- S
7-.
6.5
6
5.5
4.5
E
0 .
4-
3.5
3
2.5
2 -
-..
-
—I
I
55
-------
.1
P es k I
II
RHODE ISLAND NITROGEN DIOXIDE
WASHING TON
Annual average nitrogen dioxide (N02) concentration in ppm for sites in Rhode Island. The annual
average NO2 standard is 0.05 ppm.
PRO VIDENCE
S —
/
FPANC ScHool. 64 BO(JI E AVE
/ EAST PROVIDENCE
0.014
AOCKEFEU.ER LER RY PROSPECT ST1 ET.
PROVCENCE
0.025
I
KENT
— W. I*LTcH JO6ES CAMPUS Ufl
8TG W1cH . .—
WASHING TON
pU /
‘I
0123456 78910
-
56
-------
RHODE ISLAND NITROGEN DIOXIDE
I E T’ — _
O.O2-’J
0.018 -
0.016 H
0.014
O.Ol 2 -j
0.01
0.008
0.006-— - -- —
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
• Providence, Rockefeller Library
--*-- East Providence, Francis School
NITROGEN DIOXIDE (42602)
P
OM
SITE ID C T CITY
COUNTY
RHODE ISLAND
ADDRESS
UNITS: 007 PPM
REP MAX 1-HR MAX 24-HR ARIT
YR OR #OBS 1ST 2ND 1ST 2ND MEAN METH
001 2091 0021 0.02
001 8057 0.095 0.071
001 4746 0085 0.083
.003? 74
0.025 35
.014? 74
0
H
w
I
F-
-J
4:
z
z
4:
N,AAQS .05 ppm
/
I
I
/
I
— _* 1
44-003-0002 1 3
KENT CO
W. ALTON JONES CAMPUS URI
97
44-007-0012 2 2
PROVIDENCE
PROVIDENCE CO
ROCKEFELLER LIBRARY, PROS
97
44-007-1010 1 8
? INDICATES T A
EAST PROVIDENC
THE MEAN DOES N
PROVIDENCE CO
OT SATISFY SUMM
FRANCIS SCHOOL, 64 BOURNE
RY CRITERIA
97
57
-------
—--—---—--,
PROVIDENCE
F OKEFEI LER LE ARY
P VEG OE
0
KENT
I W. ALTON JOPES CAMPUS. L I I I PAII(E .D
Y4ESTG IWIC*1
WASHINGTON
TARWR1 F *D
WASHING TON
01234567 8910
1
RHODE ISLAND OZONE
Number of ozone exceedance days for sites in Rhode Island.
58
I
is
‘I
pf
)
-------
RHODE ISLAND OZONE
10 - - - - - - - —
. 9 —1 NAAQS 1 day >= 0.125 ppm
A 8--
C l)
w /
D (—I
/
> U—
4 % /
5 4% /
4% /
4
>- 3 \ /
4% /
- ‘ 4% 6•
2— 1’ ,#‘ ‘4.
I L. - — 4%
0 1 - - —--- — - -- - j
. 4% —
w - ——
a 0 ___
Z 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
--.-- West Greenwich Alton Jones
— * — Providence Rockefeller Lib.
OZONE(44201) tQ1OD I LANL) uriui : uu ’ rrrvi
OZONE SEASON: APR 01 TO SEP 30 MIS
VALID DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM DAY
0 M REP NUM NUM —MAXIMUM VALS>.12 ASU
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YR ORG MEA REQ 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH ME EST * STAN MET
44-003-0002 1 2 KENT CO W. ALTON JONES C 97 001 173 183 0.149 0.115 0.113 0.113 1 1 5 53
44-007-0012 1 1 PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE ROCKEFELLER LIBR 97 001 140 183 0.118 0.108 0.098 0097 0 0 11 47
44-007-1010 1 8 EAST PROVIDEN PROVIDENCE FRANCIS SCHOOL, 97 001 172 183 0.112 0.108 0.101 0.098 0 0 6 47
44-009-0007 1 2 NARRAGANSET WASHINGTON TARWELL ROAD, NA 97 001 75 183 0.124 0.113 0.11 0.106 0 0 2 53
59
-------
*
127 SOCIAL ST ET
ONSO T
PRO VIDENCE
ROcKEFELLER LIBRARY. PROSPECT ST ET /
PROVI)ENCE
/
111 FO&R TAIN ST ** ._s- EAST PROV R! STAT1ON NORTh BROADWAY
OVDENCE * EAST PROVIDENCE
2 —
ALLENSAVE;
pROVIDENcE . -
KENT
W. ALTON JOtES CAMPUS URI PARICERAELD
WEST G 4WIcH
13
L
WASHINGTON
012345678 910
PMes
I;
st&* rr ST ET SAMPUiG SITE
RHODE ISLAND PM 10
WASHING TON
Annual average PM 10 concentration in
is 50 ug/m 3 .
uglm 3 for sites in Rhode Island. The annual average PM 10 standard
60
—I
I
NEWPORT
/ /
; L±
1
-------
RHODE ISLAND PMIO
90 NAAQS 150 UgJrn3 40 NAAQS5O ug/m3
80 •
:: 1 k e 30 • • : . I
50 H \ 25 •
8 20 ----- H
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR YEAR
u Providence Aliens Ave. ---. Providence Aliens Ave
- Pawtucket - Pawtucket
PM-b TOTAL 0-bUM (81102) RHODE ISLAND UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25C)
p SCHEDULED WID
0 M REP N(JM NUM % NUM —-MAXIMUM VALUES--- VALS> 150 ARIT
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YR ORG OBS OBS OBS REQ 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH MEA EST MEA METH
44-003-0002 1 2 KENT CO W. ALTON JO 97 001 59 59 94 63 52 45 38 32 0 0 13 64
44-007-0008 1 2 EAST PROVI PROVIDENCE EAST PROV Fl 97 001 18 18 58 31 35 33 30 27 0 0 22? 64
44-007-0012 1 2 PROViDENCE PROVIDENCE ROCKEFELLE 97 001 17 17 55 31 30 30 30 26 0 0 20? 64
44-007-0020 1 1 PROViDENCE PROVIDENCE ALLENS AVE. 97 001 61 61 97 63 64 62 59 58 0 0 33? 64
44-007-0021 1 2 PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE 111 FOUNTAI 97 001 59 59 94 63 61 51 50 39 0 0 24? 64
44-007-1005 1 1 PAWTUCKET PROVIDENCE SUMMIT STRE 97 001 60 60 95 63 61 57 46 45 0 0 25 64
44-007-4002 1 2 WOONSOCKE PROVIDENCE 127 SOCIAL S 97 001 18 18 58 31 30 29 28 28 0 0 22? 64
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
61
-------
I -
)
PRO WDENCE
IERLmPARY,
PROVUENCE
0.00$
-
KENT
WASHING TON
RHODE ISLAND SULFUR DIOXIDE
Annual average sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) concentration in ppm for sites in Rhode Island. The annual average
SO 2 standards is 0.03 ppm.
62
——I
/
/
7$ DORRANCE STREET
PROVUENCE
0.007
1
WASHING TON
III NEWPORT
‘V
012345678 910
I
L — -
-------
RHODE ISLAND SULFUR DIOXIDE
?0.07- -
NAAQS = 0.14 ppm 0.016 NMQS = 0.03 ppm
w
0061
0.014-
w
0.05
o 0.012
- . . •
0.04- I. * U I 0.01- U
‘ 0.008 • • •\
0.03 \ _*‘l < Sc. •
U / \,
z
o 0.006
0
0.02 0.004
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR YEAR
• Providence DOH • Providence DOH
Providence Dorrance st. *- Providence Dorrance St.
• Pawtucket —-- Pawtucket
— .— Providence Rockefeller Lib. — — Providence Rockefeller Lib.
SULFUR DIOXIDE (42401) RHODE ISLAND UNITS: 007 PPM
P OBS OBS
0 N REP MAX 24-HR > MAX 3-HR > MAX 1-HR ARIT
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YR ORG #OBS 1ST 2ND ST 1ST 2ND ST 1ST 2ND MEAN METH
44-007-0012 2 1 PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE C ROCKEFELLER LIBR 97 001 8030 0.038 0.037 0 0.077 0.061 0 0.087 0.074 0.008 39
44-007-1005 1 1 PAWTUCKET PROVIDENCE C SUMMIT STREET SA 97 001 8009 0.032 0.031 0 0.063 0.061 0 0.089 0.081 0.006 9
44-007-1009 1 1 PROVIDENCE PROVIDENCE C 76 DORRANCE SIRE 97 001 8234 0.034 0.032 0 0.076 0.058 0 0.092 0.078 0.007 39
63
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PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
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VERMONT SUMMARY
In 1997, Vermont operated carbon monoxide (CO) sites in Rutland and Burlington.
There were no violations of the NAAQS for CO recorded at either site. The highest first
and second maximum 8-hour concentrations of CO were recorded at Rutland. The
concentrations were 3.0 ppm and 2.9 ppm, respectively. The ten-year trend lines show
only small fluctuations on the second highs with levels between 50% and 30% of the 8-
hour NAAQS.
Vermont is not required to measure the concentration of lead in ambient air. No
measurement data are available. Vermont operates nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) monitoring
sites in Rutland and in Burlington. There was not any violation of the NAAQS for NO 2
recorded at either site. Historical data for the past ten years (1988-1997) indicate that the
annual average concentrations of NO 2 have remained relatively stable. Between the years
of 1988 and 1997, No 2 at the Rutland site ranged from 0.012 ppm to 0.015 ppm, and NO 2
at the Burlington site ranged from 0.017 ppm to 0.019 ppm. The Burlington-Winooski
Avenue monitoring site recorded the maximum 1-hour concentration of 0.060 ppm.
Neither of the two ozone monitoring sites in Vermont recorded 1-hour
concentrations of ozone in excess of the NAAQS. The Bennington site reported the
highest ozone concentration of 0.106 ppm. The highest recorded concentration of ozone
at the Proctor Maple Research Site was 0.086 ppm. Vermont has recorded only one
violation of the 1-hour ozone standard since 1988.
Vermont maintains seven monitoring sites that measure particulate matter (PM 10 ).
The Bennington site recorded the highest 24-hour concentration of 56 ug/m 3 . The Rutland
site recorded the highest annual average (weighted) concentration of 24 ug/m 3 . This
concentration is well below the annual average NAAQS for PM 10 . The lowest recorded
measurements for PM 10 were recorded at the Proctor Maple Research facility monitoring
site. Maximum 24-hour concentrations were at or below 38 ug/m 3 , and the annual
weighted arithmetic mean was 13 ug/m 3 . Over the past ten years, all five PM 10 monitoring
sites in Vermont’s urban area have recorded particulate matter concentrations below the
annual and 24-hour NAAQS with slight downward trends. Yearly variability in the data is
common, in part determined by meteorology, transport of particulate matter from distant
sources, and changes in the emission of local sources.
The monitoring sites in Burlington and Rutland also measure sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ).
There were no violations of the NAAQS for sulfur dioxide recorded at either site. The
highest 24-hour average concentration of SO 2 (39 ppb) was recorded at the Rutland site.
This site also recorded the highest 3-hour SO 2 concentration of 82 ppb. In contrast, the
Burlington site recorded a maximum 24-hour average concentration of 14 ppb and a 3-hour
maximum concentration of 41 ppb. Ten years (1988-1997) of historical SO 2 data indicate
a general decline in SO 2 concentrations in Burlington, but show a one year (1994) spike
in °2 concentrations in Rutland.
65
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1
/
)
/
• ISLE H
2
TO 9 IE HANTS F w
*
H-
WINDHAM
• BENNINGTON
P
L
r
)
I
VERMONT CARBON MONOXIDE
Second-highest eight-hour average carbon monoxide (CO)
eight-hour CO standard is 9 ppm.
66
/
I
a.
I C ’

/
I -
1>
p.. 051015 2530
k es
I’
f GRAND
FRANKLIN
ORLEANS
I
C
ESSEX ,-
i coiu
AVEMJE
1 .9
CALEDONIA
CHITTENDEN
I—
1’
ADDISON
WASHINGTON
- - .1
1
1.
/
ORANGE
/
)
WINDSOR
RUTLAND
(
&
concentration in ppm for sites in Vermont. The j
-------
VERMONT CARBON MONOXIDE
E
. 4.8
4.6
w -
_J
> 4.1
3.8
3.61
= 3•4 111
3-.

2.6—
2.4
2.2-a
o 2
1.8 i. . - ..-. -- . 1
“ 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
NAAQS 9 ppm
--•-- Burlington
* Rutland
CARBON MONOXIDE (42101)
P
0 M
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY
VERMONT
ADDRESS
UNITS: 007 PPM
REP MAX 1-HR 0 MAX 8-HR OBS>
YR ORG #OBS 1ST 2ND 35 1ST 2ND 9 METH
CHITTENDEN CO ADJ. TO 82 S. WINOOSKI A
RUTLAND CO PARKING LOT ADJ. TO 9 ME
67
97 001 7103 4 3.4 0 2.1 1.9 0 67
97 001 7600 4.4 4.4 0 3 2.9 0 67
__--.
/
/
/
/
/
50-007-0003 1 2 BURLINGTON
50-021-0002 1 2 RUTLAND
-------
‘ GRAND FRANKLIN
I
‘
I I
* WINDSOR
RUTLAND L
BENN/NGTON )
WINDHAM
(-..
1
I
C
‘I ’
‘ .3
0 ’
I
/
0 5 15 20 25 30
VERMONT NITROGEN DIOXIDE
Annual average nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) concentration in ppm for sites in Vermont.
NO 2 standard is 0.05 ppm.
68
The annual average
— __. ..---- ? ‘
ill
ORLEANS
ESSEX
WASHINGTON
1
/
ADDISON
‘C’

(
/
ORANGE
/
/
/
-------
VERMONT NIfkO EN DIOXIDE
0.02 - - _______
0.019 Hi’ NAAQS = 0.05 ppm
z 0.018 —
0.017
2 0.016-
< 0 . 01 j_
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
----. Burlington
• Rutland
NITROGEN DIOXIDE (42602) VERMONT UNITS: 007 PPM
P
O M REP MAX 1-HR MAX 24-HR ARIT
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YR OR #OBS 1ST 2ND 1ST 2ND MEAN METH
50-007-0003 1 2 BURLINGTON CHITTENDEN CO ADJ. TO 82 S. W1NOOSKI AVE 97 001 7263 0.06 0.059 0.017 74
50-021-0002 1 2 RUTI. ND RUTLAND CO PARKING LOT ADJ. TO 9 MERC 97 001 7086 0.054 0.052 0.012 0
69
-------
‘GRAWD, FAA NKUN ORLEANS
ESSEX -%
)
/ \‘
)IsLET
I
/
‘1
; CHITTENDEN
/ P CTORMAPLE F SEAI H FA 4
L*CEJ 4LL
1 0 WASHINGTON 1
/H
ADDISON ORANGE
I
WINDSOR ,-‘
WINDHAM
AJ ’ORT SENNI4GfrON VEI 1ONT
r BB 11VI TON
.0
(
‘I
.4.
‘1
• 5 5 .
‘4.
o 10 15 20 25 30
Mes
VERMONT OZONE
Number of ozone exceedance days for sites in Vermont.
70
LAMOILLE
CALEDONIA
1

(
/.
/
I ”
)
RUTLAND
7
BENNINGTON
-------
VERMONT OZONE
2
it
j
0
0
It)
c . 1
C /)
w
NAAQS 1 day >= 0.125 ppm
----.-----
I —
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
--.--• Chittenden, Procter Maple Barn
Bennington
UNITS: 007 PPM
VALID DAILY 1-HR MAXIMUM
COUNTY ADDRESS 2ND 3RD 4TH
OZONE(442 01)
SITE ID C T CITY
P
OM
VERMONT
OZONE SEASON: APR 01 TO SEP 30
50-003-0004 1 2 BENNINGTON
50-007-0007 1 2
REP NUM NUM
YR ORG MEA REQ 1ST
MIS
DAY
VALS>.12 ASU
ME EST STAN MET
BENNINGTON AIRPORT RD. BENN 97 001 182 183 0.106 0.105 0.089
CHITTENDEN PROCTOR MAPLE RE 97 001 181 183 0.086 0.081 0.077
71
0.088 0 0 1 87
0.077 0 0 2 87
-------
PA ONG LOTADJ. io. LL HANFG
RfltANDCflY /
‘24 /
‘ j_ 1 L *
‘BENNINGTON
/
WINDHAM
1277 PUTP&Y AD \
BR 1ThEaO
(
I I
r
Annual average PM 10 concentration in ug/m 3 for sites in Vermont. The annual average PM 10 standard is
50 ug/m 3 .
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
BAADFo ET BEMWON ‘*‘
* QTON *
RMT oAD
$2
FAA NKJJN
ORLEANS
(
ESSEX
ADJ. TO $2 S. WP100SKI
BU 1IGTON
I ,
‘I
)
; CHITTENDEN
P CTOR MAPLE FESEAF H FAI A
J
/
WASHINGTON
/
/
S. ..
I—
ADDISON
(
ORANGE
I
/
/
I
/
WINDSOR
RUTLAND
7
(I
I
VERMONT PM 10
72
-------
VERMONT PMIO
NAAQS 150 ug/m3
C )
E
0)
w70
60
0
I
50
40—,”
I
o
z
0 _______
0 - - ____
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
NAAQS 50 ug/m3
(Y)
E
0)
I
I-
20
0
18H
I
0
16
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
Burlington --.-- Burlington
— .- - Barre — .- - Barre
* Brattleboro Brattleboro
PM-la TOTAL 0-1OUM (81102) VERMONT UNITS: 001 UG/CU METER (25C)
SCHEDULED WTD
0 M REP NUM NUM % NUM ----MAXIMUM VALUES--- VALS>150 ARIT
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YR ORG OBS OBS OBS REQ 1ST 2ND 3RD 4TH MEA EST MEA METH
50-003-0005 1 2 BENNINGTON BENNINGTON BRADFORD S 97 001 54 54
50-007-0003 1 1 BURLINGTON CHITTENDEN ADJ. TO 82 S. 97 001 52 52
50-007-0003 2 3 BURLINGTON CHITTENDEN ADJ. TO 82 S. 97 001 48 48
50-007-0007 1 2 CHIT ENDEN PROCTOR MA 97 001 43 43
50-021-0002 1 2 RUTLAND RUTLAND CO PARKING LOT 97 001 51 51
50-021-0002 2 3 RUTLAND RUTLAND CO PARKING LOT 97 001 54 54
50-023-0003 3 2 BARRE WASHINGTON SOUTH SEMIN 97 001 51 51
50-025-0003 2 2 BRATTLEBOR WNDHAM CO 232 MAIN STR 97 001 53 53
50-025-0004 1 2 BRATTLEBOR W1NDHAM CO 1277 PUTNEY 97 001 54 54
? INDICATES THAT THE MEAN DOES NOT SATISFY SUMMARY CRITERIA
86 63 56 40 38 38 0 0 19? 62
83 63 45 42 36 36 0 0 20? 62
76 63 46 42 55 32 0 0 20? 62
68 63 38 26 25 25 0 0 13? 62
81 63 49 43 42 41 0 0 24? 62
86 63 48 43 42 42 0 0 23? 62
81 63 39 39 36 33 0 0 21? 62
84 63 49 37 35 35 0 0 22? 62
86 63 50 38 36 35 0 0 21? 62
I’
I’
1
-
73
-------
- -. — -
‘I
‘a ..
C
ESSEX
S
J
/
7
BENNINGTON
)
a WINDHAM
• 4,
a I
r I”
S S
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
IWVes
VERMONT SULFUR DIOXIDE
Annual average sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) concentration in ppm for sites in Vermont.
standard is 0.03 ppm.
74
The annual average SO 2
FRANKLIN
ORLEANS
WASHINGTON
a’
I
a)
S..
S
ADDISON
ORANGE
a’
I C’
I
3
*
RUTLAND
I
I
WINDSOR ‘
-------
VERMONT SULFUR DIOXIDE
0 .08- - - -- NAAQS= 0 .14 ppm
E
a.
2 0.07
w
0.06H
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
a
z
3 0.01
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
--.-- Burlington
. Rutland
SULFUR DIOXIDE (42401)
P
OM
SITE ID C T CITY COUNTY
VERMONT
E
0 .
a-
z
w
0
I—
w
I
I—
ci
-J
z
z
0.015 -f
0.01
0.005 -
0 - _____ I i :
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
YEAR
- Burlington
• Rutland
UNITS: 007 PPM
CBS
REP MAX 24-HR > MAX 3-HR
ADDRESS YR ORG #OBS 1ST 2ND ST 1ST 2ND
CBS
> MAX 1-HR ARIT
ST 1ST 2ND MEAN METH
50-007-0003 1 1 BURLINGTON
50-021-0002 1 2 RUTLAND
CHITTENDEN C ADJ. TO 82 S. WiN
RUTLAND CO PARKING LOT ADJ.
-U
I--U,
I 1
B. • .
S.
t I I I
— -* — -R
- * - -1
97 001 7278 0.014 0.012 0 0.041 0.033 0 0.09 0.081 0.002 60
97 001 7820 0.039 0.037 0 0.082 0.073 0 0.089 0.083 0.006 60
75
-------
Precision and accuracy data submitted by the States
The 95% Probability limit for six criteria pollutants are given as a network average for each state
S02 ACCURACY CO ACCURACY N02 ACCURACY PM1O ACCURACY 03 ACCURACY
for 1997 for 1997 for 1997 for 1997 for 1997
20 0 o 0
0
10 10 10 0
‘Ho L I
I a °lHIHI°H 1
0 III
10 10 0
o ij-
-20- 0 0
CT MA RI REGIONAL CT MA RI REGIONAL CT MA RI REGIONAL CT MA RI REGIONAL CT MA RI REGIONAL
ME NH VT NH VT ME NH VT ME NH VT ME NH VT
S02 PRECISION CO PRECISION NO2 PRECISION PM1O PRECISION 03 PRECISION
for 1997 for 1997 for 1997 for 1997 for 1997
20 a 0
0 0
to 0 0
0 1111111
H 0 1 1111-I’
° 0 P ‘ w
-tO to o
0 0 - -
-20 0 0 0
CT MA RI REGIONAL CT MA RI REGIONAL CT MA RI REGIONAL CT MA RI REGIONAL CT MA RI REGIONAL
ME NH VT NH VT NH VT ME NH VT ME NH VT
-------
Region 11997 Performance Audit Program
Region I conducts an audit program to assess the performance of Ambient Air
Monitoring Networks to provide operators of these Networks with technical assistance to
maintain and improve overall data quality. The audit procedures used in Region I are
adapted from Volume II, of the U.S. EPA Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution
Measurements. Gaseous pollutant audits are conducted by introducing a known
concentration of a specific pollutant (traceable to the National Institute of Standards and
Technology, NIST) into the monitor’s sample intake, recording the response of the audited
instrument, and comparing the instrument’s response to the actual or known concentration.
Mass Flow and Volumetric Flow controlled instruments for Particulate Matter less than 10
microns in size (PM 10 ) are audited by attaching a reference flow device to the monitor
which restricts air flow to a known rate. The known air flow rate is then compared with the
rate of flow indicated by the sampler. These on site performance audits are conducted by
EPA Region I, Ecosystem Assessment Branch in Lexington. The total number of Audits
have been significantly decreased due to diminished travel funds and an agumented
workload focusing on the PAMS program.
A total of 77 audits were conducted in the six New England States on instruments
that measure Ozone (03), Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2 ), Particulate Matter less than 10 microns in
size (PM 10 ) and Carbon Monoxide (CO).
Of the 41 03 audits conducted in 1997, all passed the audit. Region l’s 03 audits
continue to focus on coastal 03 sites due to the concern that 03 may be transported up the
coast and peak 03 levels are usually experienced at these sites.
Twenty-six PM 10 audits were conducted with no failures in 1997. Of the 10 CO
audits conducted in 1997, all passed.
1997
CT
ME
MA
NH
RI
VT
03
11
8
9
9
2
2
CO
1
2
2
2
1
2
PM1O
11
5
2
2
3
3
77
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Non-Attainment Designations
as of December 1997
Ozone
Carbon Monoxide
PM-1O
I
A
A
A
A
Non—Attainment Status:
IT Part of County E 11 ] Whole County
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Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations (PAMS)
The enhanced ozone precursor monitoring initiative, known as the PAMS program, is one of the
most ambitious air quality monitoring programs ever attempted by the EPA and the States. The overall
purpose of this long-term program (10+ years) is to monitor the changes in the atmospheric concentration
of ozone precursors and to measure the effectiveness of current and future state and regional ozone
precursor control programs. In addition, the data produced by the PAMS program will be used to enhance
ozone modeling capabilities, help fine-tune state emission inventories, and provide measurements of toxic
organic compounds that have been identified as Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) by the 1990 Clean Air
Act Amendments.
The PAMS monitoring network is a required monitoring component in ozone non-attainment areas
that are classified as extreme, severe, or serious. In general, there are four different PAMS sites (Type 1
through Type 4) in each network, each of which serves a different purpose within the network. The Type
I site measures ozone and its precursors upwind of the major metropolitan area, located in the ozone non-
attainment area. The Type 2 sites measure ozone and its precursors immediately downwind of the
metropolitan area. and are optimally located to characterize the complex ‘ fresh” emissions that emanate
from the metropolitan area. These sites operate on a more intensive sampling schedule than other PAMS
sites, and are capable of measuring a larger array of ozone precursors than other PAMS sites. The Type
3 sites are located downwind of the metropolitan area, in the region of maximum ozone production. These
sites generally record higher concentrations of ozone than upwind or near city PAMS sites. In addition,
because the ozone and its precursor emissions have traveled downwind to these sites, the air masses
arriving at these sites generally carry aged” precursor emissions. Further downwind are the Type 4 sites,
located far downwind of one or more metropolitan areas. These sites measure ozone precursor chemistry
of extreme long-range ozone transport (to and within New England).
In the Northeast. non-attainment areas lay adjacent to each other, along the eastern seaboard. The
abutting nature of these non-attainment areas and the common ozone and ozone precursor transport, which
occurs across non-attainment areas, provide an opportunity to optimize the New England PAMS network
and link it with upwind PAMS sites and research sites to the south and west. The New England PAMS
network contains eighteen (18) PAMS sites. Figure 1 presents the approximate location of the PAMS
sites in New England.
Most PAMS sites, with some exceptions, measure 56 different hydrocarbons (Table 5, located at
the end of this section) on an hourly basis, twenty-four hours a day, during the heart of the summer (June
through August). Hydrocarbon measurements are generally made using automated gas chromatography.
At the primary Type 2 sites, carbonyls (aldehydes and ketones) are measured along with the hydrocarbon
compounds. Composite samples of carbonyls are measured every three hours during the summer. All sites
also measure ozone, oxides of nitrogen, and surface meteorological conditions on an hourly basis. As the
PAMS program matures, measurements of upper air meteorological conditions will be made at key
locations within New England as part of the PAMS network. Two upper air monitoring sites have been
deployed in New England (mid-coastal Connecticut and western suburbs of Boston).
1993 was the first year PAMS ozone precursor data were collected during the summer in New
England. Quality control, and quality assurance (QAIQC) procedures for several PAMS instruments were
under development in 1993, and few sophisticated computerized methods of data transfer and data
troubleshooting were available. The field GCs proved temperamental during 1993, producing data of
79
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1997
New Hampshire/Maine
14 - Coastal N H (Type 1)
15 - Kittery, ME (Type 2)
16 - Cape Elizabeth, ME (Type 4)
17 - Acadia NP, ME (Type 4)
(Proposed)
6
6-
7-
8-
9-
10
11
18 18
1011
1 - Westport (Typel)
2 - East Hartford (Type 2)
3 - Stafford Springs (Type 3)
4 - Hamden (Type 2A)
Massachusetts
5 - Borderlands/Easton (Type 1)
Lynn (Type 2)
Newbury (Type 3)
Truró (Type 4)
Agawam (Type 1)
- Chicopee (Type 2)
- Ware/Quabbin Summit (T
- Long Island (Type 2A)
Rhode Island
12 - West Greenwich (Type 1)
13 - East Providence (Type 2)
ype 3)
]
Photochemical Assessment
Monitoring Stations
(PAMS)
in New England
Connecticut
80
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questionable accuracy. Because of this, most of the 1993 PAMS hydrocarbon and carbonyl data have not
been entered into any national data base.
The 1994 and 1995 PAMS data have undergone much better QA/QC procedures, although data
management issues and Acts-of-God (lightning strikes and electrical outages caused by storms) remain
problems. In 1994. six PAMS sites operated throughout the summer, and several others underwent field
deployment. In 1995, eight PAMS sites were operational and three additional sites were undergoing field
deployment. The eight operating PAMS sites included: Cape Elizabeth, ME; Newbury/Plum Island, MA;
Lyim, MA; Chicopee, MA; Quabbin Summit/Ware, MA; East Providence, RI; Stafford Springs, CT; and
East Hartford. CT. Sites undergoing field deployment included: Westport/Sherwood Island, CT; Agawam,
MA; and Easton!Borderland, MA. These latter three sites were deployed as combination Type 1/3 sites
(Westport/Sherwood Island, CT and EastonlBorderland, MA) and a “stand alone” site (Agawam, MA Type
I site). The Kittery. ME Type 2 site suffered contamination problems and additional start-up problems that
nullified almost all of the 1995 data. In addition to these sites, the Truro, MA PAMS Type 4 site was
deployed and operational as part of the North American Research Study of Tropospheric Ozone - Northeast
(NARSTO-NE) field study.
In 1996 and 1997, four additional PAMS sites were deployed in the region. One was located in
Acadia National Park (Type 4 site) as the far downwind PAMS site for New England. Another was located
upwind of Providence, RI ( West Greenwich, Ri). Additional Type 2 sites were deployed in Boston (Long
Island!Boston) and New Haven, CT. Table 1 presents a list of the 1997 PAMS sites which were
operational or near deployed.
Table 1. List of 1997 PAMS sites in New England, deployed and near operational.
Site Location RAMS Classification Status
Acedia National Park (ME) Type 4 deployed 1996*
Cape Elizabeth (ME) Type3/4 deployed 1994
Kitterv (ME) Type 2 deployed 1995
Newbury/Plumb Island (MA) Type 3 deployed 1994*
Lynn (MA) Type 2 deployed 1993
Long Island/Boston (MA) Type 2 deployed 1997*
EastonBorderland Park (MA) Type 1/3 deployed 1995*
Truro (MA) Type 4 deployed 1995
West Greenwich (RI) Type I deployed 1996*
East Providence (RI) Type 2 deployed 1993*
\VestportSher ood Island (CT) Type 1/3 deployed 1996
East Hartford (CT) Type 2 deployed 1993
New Haven (CT) Type 2 deployed 1997*
Stafford Springs (CT) Type 3 deployed 1994*
Agawam (MA) Type I deployed 1995*
Chicopee (MA) Type 2 deployed 1993*
WareQuabbin Summit (MA) Type 3 deployed 1994
* these sites ere deployed late in the PAMS season and data were not available until the following year.
A full assessment of the 1994 through 1997 PAMS data has not been conducted. Such an
assessment is beyond the scope of this report. The 1994 data have been the subject of exploratory analysis
by NESCAUM (Northeast States for Coordinated Air Management) and EPA. The following data
presentation provides a cursory analysis of the 1995 through 1997 New England PAMS data base,
exploring different features of the data. An extensive analysis of the 1995 through 1997 PAMS data will
be conducted as part of the NARSTO-NE initiative (North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric
Ozone - Northeast).
81
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1995/1996/1997 PAMS Data
The following presentation provides information on the differences in concentration of biogenic
VOCs, highly reactive VOCs, and toxic VOCs at the New England PAMS sites. In addition, a preliminary
analysis of “aged” and “fresh” VOC emissions (as measured by the auto GCs) is presented for selected
sites.
Chemical Changes in Air Mass
As polluted air moves over New England during the day, many of the compounds undergo
photochemical reactions. The VOCs undergo chemical changes and hence the initial concentrations of
these compounds change during the day. The more highly reactive organic compounds undergo chemical
changes faster than slow reacting VOCs. It is possible to measure the “freshness” or “aged” characteristic
of the air masses that pass over the PAMS sites by comparing the ratios of fast and slow reacting VOCs.
Table 2 presents 1995 through 1997 data for fast and slow reacting VOCs. Previous studies have shown
that toluene. benzene and m ,p-xylene ratios can provide useful measures of “fresh” (local) or
“aged”(transported) air masses. M ,p- xylene:benzene ratios less than 1.5 generally indicate an “aged” air
mass, and ratios —l .5 generally indicate an air mass with “fresh”emissions. Likewise. benzene:toluene
ratios >0.4 indicate an “aged” air mass, while those 0.4 indicate “fresh” emissions. In general. subtle
year-to-year differences in ratios can be anticipated in the data because of differences in summer
meteorology and emission patterns.
The New England PAMS sites have been located in up-wind, urban, and downwind networks. The
urban and downwind sites should provide data which help characterize/validate the “fresh” emissions or
the aged” nature of the VOCs measured at these sites. The PAMS data presented below for 1995, 1996.
and 1997 clearly show that the downwind sites receive “aged” air. This is evident for the entire season
(June-August), the peak ozone period of the day (1600-1800 hours), and during ozone episodes. In
generaL. the data for Chicopee (MA), and to some extent East Hartford (CT), appear to differ from those
of the other Type 2 PAMS sites (Lynn and East Providence). This is expected given their location within
the Connecticut River Valley in which south to north air flow commonly occurs during the summer. This
air transport can deliver “aged” air from the lower part of the valley and southerly upwind emission
sources. Hence, the ratio data indicate that these sites measure “aged” air during much of the ozone
season. The data for the Westport. CT PAMS site suggests that this site, located downwind of the New
York metropolitan area, is influenced by “aged” and “fresh” emissions. This may be explained by
intermittent transport and stagnant conditions that occur at this coastal site. Frequently. ozone precursor
emissions are carried with prevailing winds along Long Island Sound from the NYC metropolitan area.
During these conditions the air mass appears “aged”. During other times local build up of ozone
precursors. under somewhat stagnant conditions, occur and the air mass appears “fresh”. It is not
uncommon for transported and local precursors to mix.
During 1997, the data for the Type 3/4 and Type 2 sites suggest a stronger “fresh” influence, for
the PAMS season, than the previous years. especially when viewing the benzene:toluene ratios. This
suggestion is further strengthened by the 1400-1600 hr period and the limited data recorded during ozone
episodes.
82
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VOCs and Ozone
Previous analyses. conducted on PAMS data in New England and elsewhere, have shown that about
twenty (20) of the measured PAMS VOCs generally account for 85% of the ozone produced in ambient
air. These compounds and other VOCs are measured b the automated GCs at the PAMS sites. The table
below lists the 20 major VOCs and their concentrations (ppbC) for nine PAMS sites in New England.
These data (1995 through 1997) show that for almost all of the PAMS sites, whether Cape Elizabeth.
Maine or East Providence. Rhode Island, the top five or six compounds (by concentration) remain virtually
the same: ethane. isopentane. propane. toluene. n-pentane and n-butane (highlighted in bold in Table 3).
The inland Type 2 and 3 sites. which are located near or within urban or rural forests, also show elevated
concentrations of isoprene. a hiogenic VOC. By far the highest concentrations of biogenic VOCs are
recorded at the inland Type 3 sites (Quabbin Summit. MA and Stafford Springs. CT). During 1995. on
particularly hot days. hourly i soprene concentrations exceeded 50 ppbC and approached 100 ppbC at these
sites, dominating the organic precursors in the air. The cooler summer temperatures in 1996. however.
resulted in lower concentrations of biogenic isoprene. Intermediate concentrations of isoprene were
measured during 1997. As in previous years. inland sites such as Stafford Springs (CT) and Ware/Quabbin
(MA) recorded the highest concentrations of isoprene within the New England PAMS network.
The greatest concentrations of these hydrocarbon compounds continue to be recorded at East
Providence (RI). Lynn (MA) and East Hartford (CT). During 1997. the lowest concentrations of these
compounds were recorded at Cape Elizabeth (ME). Ware/Quabbin and Newbury (MA). and Stafford
Springs (CT).
Location
Table 2. Measures of “agecr and fresh” air masses at nine New England PAMS sites (1995-1997).
June. August
rr p-XBenz(b) - Benz:Toluene(c)
1995 1996 1997 1995 1996 1997
Type 2 Sites
E. Fteitfo d
E. Proddence
Qicopee
Lynn
— 1400-l600hr
(June -August) -
ni,p .Xyl:Benz - Benz:Toluene
1995 1996 1997 1995 1996 1997
1 1.5 - na 2.2
1.8 15 1.8
13 14 2
26 18 1.6
Ozone Episodes (a
0.33 na 0.23
0.26 - 0.27 0.
0.24 0.29 0.3
025 0.26 0.31
Type 3/4 Sites
S&tord Spnngs
m ,p-XyI:Benz
1.3 na
1.6 1.8
08 1.1
2.5 1.8
bb
— Benz:Toluene
1.5 0.43 na
1.6 0.32 0.31
1.1 0.31 036
2 1026_i0.26.
11 12 1.1 0.45 0.46 0.33
0.3
027
0.39
03 -
t,uIyiPIL5th tsi.
1 08 - 1.1 1 0.4 035 03
0.9, 1.1(k
0.21 (q), 0.72 (I)
24(e)
Cape EIizateth
1.6,0.3(k)
11 - 15 1 1.7 041 032 029
1.2 08 - 0.68 0590.54 0.43
13 1 0.2 10761 0.48 052 o.34
1.2 2 12 0.58 0.35 0.35
0.48(d), 0.35 (C)
0.23 (e)
11 11 083 049063 036
V s t13ort/Sher odIs1. 14 14 na 036 032
.1 0.21(t)
0.39(m)
0.10(g)
0.43(n); 0.39, 0.9(o)
na
1 0.8 1 0.24 1 0.64.1 091 0.9
0.59(f)
0.15 (m)
0.61 (g)
0.41 (n); 0.38, 0.Z9 (o)
na
na 1.1 1.1 035 0.39
46.15(h)
1.40)
>0.4 )
1.3,1.67(r); 02,1 5(s)
0.33 (t)
(a) I-bus duling wisd the ozone standa-d (0.12 pp-n 03) ces exceeded
(b) rnp -Xytere:Belzene ratios <1 5 irdicete an “uged’ ar rrass. ratios —15 or grcet& irdc te a frash” air rices.
(c) e.Tdtere race >0.4 indicate an “aged’ air rices, I-iIe ratios —0.4 or less indicate a ‘fresh’ ari rrces.
(d) June30, 1995 1799tw.
(e) A at1.1995 1700t-r.
(fl July13, 1995©16 -1799 I-rs.
(g) August 10, 1995 1600 -18O I-s-s.
(h) Pii at1, 1995 15 -1700hrs
0.5(h)
0.73 (p), 067(q)
.0.40)
0.6 (j)
0.24, 0.25 (r);0.5, 0.26
0.68(1)
(m) Jizie 21,1997 @1300-20(0 is; June 25, 1997 @13 (0-170
(n) June21, 1997@1700-1 ITs.
(o) June25, 1997@1400 -1C ITSarxJ20 ( 0 .21OOhrS.
(p) June30, 1997@1800-19 ( 0 I Ts.
(q) July 1, 1997( 1200-1400hrs.
(r) June21 1997@12 ( 0 -14O0af l600hrs.
(s) July14, 1997@150( lI-raorll800hr
( t) July 15 1997 @11c0-17 ( 0 his.
83
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Table 3. The summer average concentration (ppbC) of twenty ozone precursor VOCs
measured at nine New England PAMS sites during June through August (1995 through 1997).
Cape Elizabeth Newbury Lynn East Providence East Hartf
1995 1996 1997 1995 1996 1997 1995 1996 1997 1995 1996 1997 1995* 1996
Ethane 3 2.8 2.3 3 2.5 2.2 4.3 4.3 4 6.3 5.1 5.8 > 2.8 na
Isopentane 2.4 2.3 2 2.2 4.2 2.3 6.4 6.6 4.4 7.7 6.1 6.5 11.6 na
Propane 2.9 2.5 2.5 3.3 3.1 2.5 3.6 3.7 3 6.2 5.3 5.5 5.5 na
Isoprene 1.7 0.8 1.8 2.4 1.3 2.1 4.3 3 3.9 2.7 2 2.8 2.4 na
Toluene 1.6 0.8 1.3 3.2 2.6 2.5 5.3 5.1 4.1 7 5.2 6.3 5.7 na
n-Butane 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1 2.6 2.8 2.2 3.7 2.9 3.4 2.9 na
rnlp-Xylene 0.7 0.6 0.4 1.4 1.2 1.2 2.9 2.4 1.9 3.3 2.1 2.4 2.4 na
n-Pentane 1 0.9 0.9 6.4 1.6 1.1 2.7 2.9 2.1 3 2.6 2.6 2.7 na
Ethylene 0.8 0.7 0.6 1.3 0.8 0.6 2.2 2.2 1.9 2.7 2.3 2.7 0.5 na
Benzene 0.8 0.5 0.3 1.3 0.6 0.7 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.9 1.4 1.4 1.9 na
Acetylene 1 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.2 1.8 1.7 1.3 2.5 1.9 2.3 1.7 na
2,2,4-TMP 0.6 0.3 0.5 1.4 1.2 0.7 1.7 1.6 1 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.5 na
Isobutane 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.6 ‘ 0.4 1.1 1.3 1 2.4 1.9 2.4 1.5 na
1,2,3-TMB ‘ 0.6 0.3 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 1.3 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.2 , 0.9 na
2-Methylpentane 06 0 6 0 6 1 2 1 0 7 1 8 1 8 1 4 2 9 2 3 2 3 na na
Propylene 0.5 , 0.5 , 0.6 0.9 , 0.4 0.3 1 0.9 0.8 1 0.8 1 , 3.4 na
1,2,4-TMB 0.2 0.1 0.1 1.6(a) 0.5 0.4 , 1.4 , 0.7 0.8 , 1.1 0.7 , 0.8 , 1.6 na
n-l exane , 0.5 0.3 0.5 1.3(b) , 0.7 0.7 , 1.2 , 1.4 1.2 1.7 , 1.5 1.5 + 1.3 ,
o.Xylene 0.2 0.2 , 0.2 0.9 , 0.6 0.4 - 1.2 0.9 , 0.7 1.2 0.8 - 0.9 1.2 na
p-Ethyltoluene 0.5 , <01 <0.1 , 1.2(a) 0.3 , 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.2 , 0.4 , 0.3 0.3 , 0.7 na
Sum of VOCs 22 17 18 32 26 21 52 46 38 60 47 52 49 na
Table 3. Continued
Stafford Springs - Ware Chicopee Westport -
1995 1996 1997 1995 1996 1997 (c) 1995 - 1996 1997 (d) 1995 1996 1997
Ethane 3.2 3.3 2.6 2.7 3.2 2.2 4.1 3.8 4 na 3.7 2.8
Isopentane 2.7 2.6 2 2.3 1.8 1.6 9.4 6.1 4.6 na 5.2 4.3
Propane 2.72.92.62.12.31.83.9 3.7 3.5 na 4.1 4.1
Isoprene 5.64.44.7 16.1 7.4 8.54.53.5 2.7 na2.4 2.5
Toluene 2.2 2.2 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.8 5.7 4 3.7 na 4.2 4.9
n-Butane 1.4 1.5 1.2 1.4 1.1 — 1.1 2.5 2.2 2 na 2.7 2.1
m/pXylene 1 12 07 08 05 06 16 16 23 na 21 — 22
n-Pentane 1.11.30.9 1.1 0.9 0.7 4.1 2.8 2.1 na 21.7
Ethylene 1 , 1 , 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.4 19 1.2 1.1 na , 0.9 - 1.1
Benzene , 1 1 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.5 - 1.3 1.1 , 1.1 na 1.5 1.5
Acetylene 0.8 1,0.2 0.6,0.4,0.4,0.8,0.7 0.8 na 1.2 0.5
2,2,4-TMP 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.9 0.4 0.4 1.3 1.4 1 na 1.7 1.6
Isobutane 0.80.8 0.60.90.60.51.31.1 1 na 1.5 11
1,2,3-TMB 0.80.30.6<0.70.40.4 1 0.9 0.9 na 0.8 0.8,
2-Methylpentane 0.70.80.50.90.50.51.61.3 1.2 na 0.9 0.8
Propylene , 0.7 , 0.4 , 0.4 , 1.2 0.3 0.2 0.9 , 0.5 , 0.6 na 0.9 0.9
1,2,4 TMB* 0.50.5 0.3 na 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.7 1 na 0.5 0.8
n-llexane 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.3 1.7 1.3 1.1 , na , 1 1.2
o-Xylene 0.60.50.30.40.2 0.3 0.9 0.70.8 na 0.80.9
p-Ethyltoluene 0.5 - 0.3 , 0.3 <0.9 , 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.4 na 0.9 0.5
Sum of VOCs 29 27 22 36 23 23 50 ‘ 36 36 na 39 36 ,
* local contamination problems invalidated July 1995 data. +
Site re-deployed in 1996. . - . -
2,24-Tnmethylpentane . - .
1 ,2.3-Tnimethylbenzene
1 +2,4.-Trimethylbenzene
(a) Gc restart caused elevated concentrations (31 hours eliminated from the data used in this table).
( b) <600 hours of data. (C) August data undergoing re-evaluation. (d) July data undergoing re-evaluation .
84
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Hazardous Air Pollutants and Urban Air Toxic Compounds
Table 4 presents the hourly average concentrations (ppbC) of hazardous organic air pollutants
measured at PAMS sites for three summer months of 1996 and 1997. For consistency with the other data
presented in this section. the data are presented as parts per billion carbon (ppbC). It is clear that the Type
2 sites, located within urban areas, measure atmospheres more rich in hazardous organic air pollutants
(flAPs) than the Type 1/3/4 sites. Toluene. 12,4- Trimethybenzene. benzene, mlp-Xylene, and 2.2,4-
Trimethylpentane head the list of these hydrocarbons. Of the carbonyls, formaldehyde (1996 data only),
is the most prevalent. This is due to the fact that formaldehyde is both directly emitted to the atmosphere
from industrial activities and mobile sources (a source of many toxic air pollutants), and is one of the most
common chemical reaction products of VOC photochemistry.
Table 4. The a rage su (Ji )concenfraticn (ppbC) ntoacorgariccon ouids croc meastred at nine
New England PAN5 monitonng sites (1996 and 1997) -
Ne L n ( MA) EProvidence( ) E. E ord ( CT ) Stafford 5onr ( CflV r&Qimbbin ( MA) Ctiicooee ( MA) V stoc
1 .
Fom dehyde(a) na na na na 32 28 na no na 47 24
P dehyde(a) no na na na 11 1 na na na 12 16
Toluene 0.8 1.3 2.6 2.5 5.1 4.1 5.2 6.3 na 6.1 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.8 4 3.7 4.2
n p.Xyiene 0.6 0.4 1.2 1.2 2.4 1.9 2.1 2.4 na 2.9 1.2 0.7 0.5 0.6 1.6 2.3 2.1
Bet ne 0.50.30.80.71.3 1.2 1.4 1.4 na 1.3 1 0.6 0 6 0.5 1.1 1.1 1.5
Pro 4ene(b 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.9 0.8 0.8 1 - na 0.8 - 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.9
1,2,4-Tht 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 no 1.4 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.7 1 0.5
o.Xylene 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.9 0.7 0.80.9 nal.10.5 0.3 0.2 0.30.7 0.8 0.8
jene 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 na 0.70.30.3 0.3 0.3 0.20.4 0.9
2,Z4-Tn 0.10.1 120.71.6 11.4 63 1.7a7 0.5 040.4 1411.7
no data v ce cdledad due to ate r deptoynant - -

a (no rçJ ydat — - . .— -- - . - - - -
‘(a) as en ctswetegeneratakenatPA Type2s4e$ .
(b) ttis mn-pound is also rreasure by the Lkban Air Toxi nitoiing Frograa
Year-to-year changes in the concentration of these compounds are expected, due primarily to
changes in major emission source strengths (from industry and motor vehicles) and changes in
meteorological conditions. For the most part, the concentration of these air pollutants remained steady or
decreased slightly from 1996 to 1997. The exceptions are: East Providence (RI). which experienced an
increase in toluene ( 20%). and Cape Elizabeth (ME) and Westport (CT). which also recorded slight (<
1.0 ppbC) increases in toluene. The cleanest sites are in the rural and remote areas (Stafford Springs [ CTI
and Ware/Quabbin [ MA]). It is important to note that all of the sites record low to moderate levels of these
pollutants.
PAMS Measurements
The PAMS program measures a host of compounds. Table 5 provides a list of the measurements
made at PAMS sites. Many of these compounds are toxic. Most others contribute to the generation and
accumulation of ozone. In addition, many of the measured compounds contribute to the formation of
complex organic aerosols and fine particulate matter (PMO, which will become the focus of additional
national, regional, and local (integrated) air pollution controls over the next decade. Changes in organic
aerosol precursors will undoubtedly provide very useful measures of the effectiveness of future fine particle
control programs.
85
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Table 5. Reported hydrocarbon, carbonyl, and other aerometric measurements at
PAMS sites in New England.
Hydrocarbon Compounds
Ethane Cyclopentene Ethylbenzene
Ethylene 2,3-Dimethylbutane m.p-Xylene
Acetylene 2-Methylpentane Styrene
Propylene 3-Methylpentane o-Xylene
Propane 2-Methyl- I -Pentene n-Nonane
Isobutane n-Hexane Isopropylbenzene
I -Butene trans-2-Hexene n-Propylbenzene
n-Butane Methvlcvclopentane m-Ethyltoluene
trans-2-Butene 2.4-Dimethylpentane p-Ethvlbenzene
cis-2-Butene Benzene I .3.5-Trimethylbenzene
3-Methyl-I -Butene Cyclohexane o-Ethvlbenzene
lsopentane 2-Methy lhexane I .2.4-Trimethylbenzene
I -Pentene 2.2.4-Trimethylpentane m-Diethylbenzene
n-Pentane n-Heptane p-Diethv lbenzene
Isoprene Methvlcyclohexane n-Decane
trans-2-Pentene 2.3.4-Trirnethvlpentane n-Undecane
cis-2-Pentcnc Toluene TNMOC (HC)
2-Meth -2-Butene 2-Nlethvlheptane
2.2-Dimethvlhutanc 3-Methylheptane
n-Octane
Carbonvi Compounds
Formaldeh de Acetaldehvde Acetone
Inorganic Gases
Ozone NO. N02. NOx. NOy
Meteorological Measurements
Wind Speed Wind Direction Solar Radiation
Ultra bid Radiation Barometric Pressure Humidity
86
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Atmospheric Deposition
Atmospheric deposition is composed of both wet and dry deposition. It includes acidic
deposition, deposition of toxic compounds and toxic trace elements, and the deposition of non-toxic
compounds including nutrients. Atmospheric deposition occurs throughout the year, although
weather patterns alter the seasonal and annual amount and type of deposition.
Of all the components of atmospheric deposition, acid rain is probably the most commonly
known in New England. In this section most of the discussion will focus on acid rain, or acidic
precipitation. which includes acid rain and snow, acidic fog and ice. In addition to the discussion
on acid rain, in the future, there will be brief reports on dry deposition in New England and
deposition of toxic trace elements and toxic compound deposition (in particular mercury).
Acid Precipitation
There are ten (10) acid precipitation monitoring stations in New England. These sites have
measured acid rain and acid snow on a weekly basis (Tuesday to Tuesday) since the early 1980’s.
The longest continuous acid precipitation monitoring record in the United States is from a site
located in New Hampshire. the Hubbard Brook site, which was established in 1978. This site and
the other nine New England sites are a part of a national network of 200+ sites that compose the
National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network (NADP/NTN). The NADP
was established in 1978 to provide a national network of sites to monitor trends in the chemistry of
wet and dry deposition throughout the United States. The NADP merged with the National Trends
Network in the early 1980’s to form the NADP/NTN. The current national network is operated and
maintained by a consortium of federal and state agencies, private industries, and universities.
The New England map. presented in Figure 1, depicts the approximate location of the 10
NADP/NTN sites in the region. The sites are equipped with a Belford 5-780 Universal Rain Gage.
and an Aerochem Metrics Wet/Dry Precipitation Collector. Most sites are located well inland, with
the exception of the Waltham/Boston, the Cape Cod National Seashore, and the Acadia National
Park monitoring sites, which are located near the coast. Seasonal and annual differences in-weather
patterns influence precipitation and chemical deposition patterns at the inland and coastal sites.
Differences in the annual and seasonal amount of precipitation measured at the seven New England
sites, over the past nineteen years (1979-1997), are presented in Figures 2a and 2b.
The data presented in Figures 2a and 2b indicate that the amount of precipitation and seasonal
pattern of precipitation changes over time and by site. These patterns influence the concentration
and deposition of pollutants in precipitation. Inland sites generally record the most precipitation
during the summer (and fall), and the least precipitation during the winter. Coastal sites (Cape Cod
National Seashore, Acadia National Park, and Waltham/Boston), on the other hand, generally record
more precipitation during the spring. This is clearly evident during the late 1980’s and early 1990’s.
87
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10 National
Acid Precipitation
Monitor Sites
In New England*
Underhill 1984
Park 1981
Wattharn/U.
Truro Cape Cod
National Park
1981
* National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network
Caribou
Greenville 1979
1982
1982k
88
-------
Figure 2a. Changes in the amount of precipitation (cm) recorded during the
spring at three coastal NADP/NTN sites (bold line) and four inland sites in New
England (1979-1997).
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
Year
Figure 2b. Changes in the amount of precipitation (cm) recorded during the
summer at three coastal NADP/NTN sites (bold line) and four inland NADP/NTN
sites in New England (1979-1997).
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
E
C.)
0
0.
C.)
(5
I-
0.
E
C.)
0
(5
0.
C.)
(5
a-
Year
1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
89
-------
Over the past 19 years, the precipitation data collected at the New England NADP sites
suggest two multi-year intervals with enhanced precipitation. Two-year (J)aired) averaged data are
presented in Figure 3. These data show enhanced precipitation in New England during the early
1980’s and again during the early 1990’s. less precipitation fell during the period 1985-1988.
Figure 3. Average amount of precipitation (cm) recorded for paired years from
ten (10) NADPINTN monitoring sites in New England (1 979-1 997).
140
Ii I I iii III
ii•i ii
ri, e 4.. q, c ‘) ç, ‘
‘I . .. v’4. \P % \ 4. • \P 4.
‘4. % I’ % P 4. P• 4 P . . P , P . P 4. P
Paired Years
Precipitation Chemistry
Almost all forms of precipitation are efficient scavengers of pollution in the atmosphere.
Hence. the chemistry of precipitation reflects changes in the level of air pollutants in the atmosphere
and can be used to provide evidence of trends in air pollution. The NADP/NTN sites in New
England provide a unique view of changes in concentration of pollutants in precipitation that falls
on New England. in particular. acid rain.
Precipitation has complex chemistry. Both beneficial and harmful pollutants are present.
Acid precipitation illustrates this. In general. the dilute chemical constituents of acid precipitation
are composed of beneficial plant and soil nutrients (calcium. magnesium. potassium, nitrogen) and
harmful acids. principally sulfuric and nitric acids. Nitrates play several roles: they contribute to the
acidity of the precipitation and to freshwater acidification. and they can be a plant nutrient. As a
plant nutrient they are important to New England forests. but enhance the eutrophication of some
New England coastal marine environments, including Long Island Sound and Casco Bay (These are
New England ecosystems where scientific research is focusing on the potential environmental effects
for nitrogen and enhanced eutrophication).
90
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The following anions and cations are measured from precipitation samples sent to the
NADP/NTN central analytical laboratory:
anions cations
Sulfate (S04) Hydrogen (H)
Nitrate (N03) Calcium (Ca)
Orthophosphate (P04) Magnesium (Mg)
Chloride (Cl) Potassium (K)
Sodium (Na)
Ammonium (NH4)
in aaUiuon to these anions and cations, the conductance of each sample (a secondary measure of ionic
strength) is also measured. Precipitation samples from all of the NADP/NTN collectors are shipped
every Tuesday to the Central Analytical Laboratory (CAL) at the Illinois State Water Survey for
analysis.
Spatial and Temporal Chemistry of Precipitation
Both concentration and deposition of beneficial and harmful constituents of precipitation are
environmentally important. In this section, the yearly deposition patterns (kg/ha) of key chemical
components of precipitation are presented for the 1979-1997 period. These chemical components
include sulfate, nitrate, chloride, and potassium ions.
Figure 4 presents the average composite yearly deposition of sulfates, nitrates, and chlorides for
the ten NADP/NTN sites in New England. Nitrate deposition, in New England, shows no significant
long-term increase or decrease in deposition over the period of record. The decrease in 1987-1988 may
be attributed to lower precipitation. Sulfate deposition, on the other hand, significantly drops during
the early 1980’s and again during the 1990’s. The decreased deposition during the 1987-1988 period
is attributed to reduced precipitation. However, the long-term trend, and the most recent declines in
sulfate deposition can only partially be attributed to changes in annual precipitation.
Figure 4. Average composite sulfate and nitrate (bold line) deposition (kg/ha) for
ten New England NADP/NTN precipitation monitoring sites (1997-1997).
30
25
20
(5
.c ‘. . .
5
0
1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
Year
91
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The final series of figures provide sub-regional views of changes in precipitation chemistry
over the past 19 years. Coastal and inland sites show different patterns of deposition, over the
years. Chloride and potassium enrichment is evident at the coastal sites, indicative of precipitation
that has been influenced by sea spray. This enrichment is especially evident during 1983 and 1984
(Figure 5a and 5b). Inland sites, on the other hand, do not show similar patterns of chloride or
potassium enrichment. Sulfate, which is also a major constituent of seawater, is also enriched at
coastal sites, as noted at the Acadia NP site in Maine and the Cape Cod National Seashore site
(Figure 6a). The Acadia site also records generally higher deposition of nitrates than the other
Maine sites (Figure 7a). This is unexpected, since this site is located far from major point and
mobile emission sources of nitrogen oxides in New England, and ocean spray does not contain
significant concentrations of nitrate.
The final set of figures indicate a south to north and west to east gradient of sulfate and
nitrate deposition (except in those instances where sea spray enhances sulfate deposition). As
expected. the highest deposition of sulfate generally occurs west of Maine (Figures 6a-6c). The
highest nitrate deposition occurs at the New Hampshire. Vermont, and Quabbin Reservoir-
Massachusetts monitoring sites (Figures 7b and 7c).
The most recent data for 1993 through 1997 show no marked systematic trend of pollutants
in precipitation for the New England sites. Sulfate deposition in 1995 showed a marked decline
at every monitoring site except Acadia NP in Maine. The average 1995 sulfate deposition in New
England was the lowest ever recorded during the 17 years of sulfate deposition monitoring. The
1996 data indicate that sulfate deposition increased in eight of the ten sites. Nonetheless, sulfate
levels in 1996 were -46% below historical averages (1979-1995). Similar increases occur for
nitrate at most sites, and appear to be enhanced in 1997. Nitrate deposition during 1996 and 1997
were virtually the same (—5+%) as the historical average (1979-1995). This trend for nitrate and
to some extent sulfate continued in 1997, suggesting the possibility that the deposition pattern for
New England 1995 data may be more related to year-to-year changes in atmospheric chemistry and
weather conditions than other deposition modifiers, such as emission reductions.
The year-to-year variation that is recorded at the NADP sites can be attributed to
differences in precipitation and prevailing wind patterns. as well as emission sources. This is
characteristic of precipitation data and should be viewed as normal. Trends in pollutant deposition
within New England, whether due to long-term changes in pollutants emitted to the atmosphere
or trends in climate. will be evident only after many years (10-20+ years).
92
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1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
0)
. I
0
U’
0
0 .
C)
0.4
0.2
Figure 5a. Wet deposition (kg/ha) of potassium measured at two coastal
precipitation monitoring sites (bold lines) and four representative inland
precipitation monitoring sites in New England (1 979-1 997).
0
1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
Year
Figure 5b. Wet deposition (kg/ha) of chloride measured at two coastal
precipitation monitoring sites (bold lines) and four representative inland
precipitation monitoring sites in New England (1 979-1 997).
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
U’
-C
C
0
U,
0
0.
0
C)
Year
93
-------
35
;; 30
a)
20
C
.2 15
25
Figure 6a. Wet deposition (kg/ha) of sulfate measured at the Acadia NP (bold line),
Greenville (dotted line), Caribou (solid line), and Bridgton (dashed line), NADP/NTN
precipitation monitoring sites in Maine (1979-1997).
20
15
10
5
0
1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
40
Figure 6b. Wet deposition (kg/ha) of sulfate measured at the Hubbard Brook-NH (bold
line), Underhill-VT (dotted line), and Bennington-VT NADP/NTN precipitation monitoring
sites in Northern New England (1979-1997).
1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
Year
Figure 6c. Wet deposition (kg/ha) of sulfate measured at the Truro-CCNS (bold line),
Waltham (dotted line), and Quabbin Reservoir (solid line) NAOP/NTN precipitation
monitoring sites in Massachusetts (1979-1997).
1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
Year
Year
(5
a)
C
0
0
0.
0
35
(5
.c 30
a)
20
15
0
0.
05
0
94
-------
Figure 7a. Wet deposition (kg/ha) of nitrate measured at the Acadia NP (bold line),
Greenville (dotted line), Caribou (solid line), and Bridgton (dashed line) NADP/NTN
precipitation monitoring sites in Maine (1979-1997).
18
16
14
12
10
.28
2
0
25
20
15
10
5
0
1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 19 S 1994 1995 1996 1997
Year
Figure 7c. Wet deposition (kg/ha) of nitrate measured at the Truro-CCNS (bold line),
Waltham (dashed line), and Quabbin Reservoir (solid line) NADP/NTN precipitation
monitoring sites in Massachusetts (1997-1997).
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
Year
Figure 7b. Wet deposition (kg/ha) of nitrate measured at the Hubbard Brook-NH (bold
line), Underhill-VT (dotted line), and Bennington-VT (solid line) NADP/NTN precipitation
monitoring sites in Northern New England (1979-1997).
1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
Year
0
0
Q.
a,
0
C
0
U)
0
0.
a,
0
95
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EPA’S REVISED OZONE STANDARD
On July 17, 1997, EPA announced new national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for ground-level
ozone, the primacy constituent of smog. After a lengthy scientific review process, including extensive external
scientific review, EPA determined that these changes were necessary to protect public health and the environment.
EPA is phasing out and replacing the previous 1-hour primary ozone standard (health-based) with a new 8-hour
standard to protect against longer exposure periods. EPA set the new 8-hour standard at 0.08 parts per million
(ppm). EPA also defined the new standard as a “concentration-based” form, specifically the 3-year average
of the annual 4th-highest daily maximum 8-hour ozone concentrations.
EPA also replaced the previous secondary standard (to protect the environment, including agricultural
crops, national parks, and forests) with a standard identical to the new primary standard. The 0.12 ppm 1-hour
standard will not be revoked in a given area, until that area has achieved three consecutive years of air quality data
meeting the 1-hour standard. The purpose of retaining the current 1-hour standard is to ensure a smooth, legal,
and practical transition to the new standard.
Based on recent studies, the scientific review highlighted several health effects in which the previous ozone
standard did not provide adequate protection. Exposure to ambient ozone concentrations has been linked to
increased hospital admissions for respiratory ailments, such as asthma. Studies conducted in the northeastern
United States and Canada show that ozone air pollution is associated with 10-20 percent of all summertime
respiratory-related hospital admissions. Repeated exposure to ozone can make people more susceptible to
respiratory infection, lung inflammation, and can aggravate preexisting respiratory diseases, such as asthma.
Children are most at risk to ozone exposure because they are active outside playing and exercising during
the summertime when ozone levels are at their highest. For example, summer camp studies in the eastern U.S.
and southeastern Canada have reported significant reduction in lung function of children active outdoors. Adults
who are outdoors and moderately active during the summer months, such as construction workers and other
outdoor workers, are also among those most at risk. These individuals, as well as those with respiratory illnesses,
such as asthma, can experience a reduction in lung function. They also can experience increased respiratory
symptoms, such as chest pain and cough, when exposed to relatively low ozone levels during periods of moderate
exertion. Long-term exposure to ozone can cause repeated inflammation of the lung and impairment of lung
defense mechanisms. It can also cause irreversible changes in lung structure, which can lead to premature aging
of the lungs and/or chronic respiratory illnesses such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
The scientific review also highlighted concerns associated with ozone effects on vegetation, for which the
previous ozone standard did not provide adequate protection. These concerns include reduction in agricultural
and commercial forest yields, reduced growth and decreased survivability of tree seedlings, increased tree and
plant susceptibility to disease, pests, and other environmental stresses, and potential long-term effects on forests
and ecosystems.
Tables five and six, show 1996 and 1997 summaries of 8-hour ozone concentration information for New
England. Unlike the 1-hour ozone statistics shown in the section on ambient air quality data, in both 1996 and 1997
all New England states recorded days above the new 8-hour ozone standard. The hot, dry summer of 1997
produced more days over the 8-hour standard than the cooler, wetter summer of 1996. In Connecticut in 1997,
Madison reported the most days over the standard. Madison reported nineteen days over the standard and a
maximum 8-hour average of 0.151 ppm. In 1996, Madison only had eight days over the standard with a maximum
of 0.107 ppm ozone.
In 1997, Navy Road in Sagadahoc County was the Maine site that had the most days over the standard
with seven and a high day of 0.116 ppm. In 1996, this site reported four days over the standard with a maximum
daily 8-hour value of 0.097 ppm ozone. In MA, Truro was the highest reporting station in 1996 and 1997. Truro
reported seventeen days over the standard in 1997 and eight days over in 1996. In NH, Manchester reported
three daysabove the standard in 1996 and Rye Harbor reported nine days above in 1997. Kent County in RI
reported ten days above the standard in 1997 and four days in 1996. Vermont reported the fewest days above
the standard, with the Bennington station reporting two days over the standard in 1997 and three in 1996.
96
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Connecticut 1996
Massachusetts 1996
County
Fairfield
Fairfield
Fairfield
Fairfield
Fairfield
Hartford
Litchfield
Middlesex
New Haven
New Haven
New London
Tolland
Windham
Address
Greenwich Point Par
•Shed Congress S
Trailer, W. Connecticut
USCG Lighthouse
Sherwood Island State Park
McAuliffee Park
University Road
Conn. Valley Ho
715 State Street
Hammonasset St.
University of Co
•Route 190, Sheni
Ayers Road
Value Max2 Value
0.104 0099
0.082 0.081
0085 0.084
0107 0097
0.111 0.108
0.081 0.079
0.096 0 096
0.096 0,092
0.088 0,088
8 0.107 0.103
6 0.120 0.098
1 0.100 0.084
3 0.098 0.091
Val>.085 Maxi
New Hampshire 1996
Value Max2 Value
0.078’ 0.076
0.081 0.072
0.090 0.084
0.079’ 0.077
0.066’ 0.062
0.086’ 0.066
0.092’ 0.088
0.088 0.087
0.088’ 0.086
0.087’ 0.084
0.090 0.090
Val>.085 Maxi
7
0
9
8
0
4
5
2
Monitor Id City
090010017442011 Greenwich
090010113442011 Bridgeport
09001112344201 1 Danbury
09001 3007442011 Stratford
09001 900344201 1 Westport
090031003442011 East Hartford
090050006442011 Torrington
090070007442011 Middletown
090091123442011 New Haven
— 090093002442011 Madison
09011000044201 IGroton
090131001442011 Stafford
0901 5800144201 lAbington
Maine 1996
Monitor Id City
230052003442011 Cape Elizabeth
230090101442011 Bar Harbor
230090102442011 Bar Harbor
230112005442011 Gardiner
230130004442012
230173001442011
230194007442012
230194008442011
230210002442011 Greenville
230230003442011
230252003442011 Skowhegan
230312002442011,
230313002442011 Kittery
Val>.085 Maxi
3
2
2
0
0
0
0
4
3
0
Value Max2 Value
0.092 0.090
0.097 0.087
0.086 0.083
0.087 0.081
0.099 0.085
0.083’ 0.068
0.071’ 0.065
0.073’ 0.072
0.071 0.064
0.097’ 0.0
0.085 0.081
0.096 0.095
0.084’ 0.081
County
,Cu m be rl and
Hancock
Hancock
Kennebec
Knox
Oxford
Penobscot
Pen obs cot
Piscataquis
,Sagadahoc
So m e rset
York
York
‘County
Barnstable
Berkshire
Bristol
Bristol
‘Bristol
Essex
Essex
Essex
Hampden
Ham pden
Hampshire
Hampshire
Middlesex
Middlesex
Plymouth
Suffolk
Worcester
,Address
Two Lights State
Acadia NP_Macfa
Top of Cadillac
Pray Street Sch
Port Clyde, Mar
Route 5, North L
Howland Seed Orchard
Summit of Rider
Greenville Muni
Navy Road
S.D. Warren Som
Ocean AvefParso
Frisbee School, Goodsoe Ro
,Address
Fox Bottom Area
Mt. Greylock SU
North Easton P0
Leroy Wood Sch
1 Borderland St.
High Street, Sto
390 Parkland Au
Sunset Bouleva
152 South Westfi
,Anderson Road
North Pleasant
Quabbin Summit
Water Row Rd Great
Beaver Street
Scituate Police
,Powder Horn Hil
Worcester Air
Monitor Id City
250010002442011 Truro
250034002442011 Adams
250051001442011 Easton
250051002442011 Fairhaven
250051005442011 Easton
250090005442011 Lawrence
250092006442011 Lynn
250094004442011 Newbury
250130003442011 Agawam
250130008442011 Chicopee
250150103442011 Amherst
2501 54002442011 Ware
250171801442011 Sudbury
250174003442011 Waltham
250232001442011 Scituate
25025100344201 1 Chelsea
250270015442011 Worcester
Value Max2 Value
O 0.110 0.196
2 0.096 0.085
1 0.085 0.078
6 0.113 0.104
3 0.094 0.087
1 0.085 0.081
2 0.091 0.085
2 0.087 0.085
2 0.087 0.085
3 0.094 0.094
3 0.087 0.086
4 0.095 0.093
2 0.090’ 0.090
1 0086 0.080
0 0.073 0.067
0 0.075’ 0.073
0 0.080 0.078
Monitor Id City
330012003442011 Laconia
330031002442011 Conway
330050007442011 Keene
330074001442011
330090008442011 Haverhill
330098001442011
— 330110016442011 Manchester
330111010442011 Nashua
33013000744201 1 Concord
33015000944201 1 Portsmouth
— 33015001241’2011 Rye
County Address
Belknap Laconia Municipa
Carroll Kankamaugus Hi
Cheshire — Railroad Street
Coos Mt. Washington
Grafton Haverhill Armor
Grafton Hubbard Brook
Hillsborou Harnett Park, M
Hillsborou Sanders Associa
Merrimack Storrs Street —
Rockingham Vaughan Street
Rockingham Rye Harbor Stat
Val>.085 Maxl
0
0
0
0
3
2
2
4
97
-------
Connecticut 1997
Massachusetts 1997
Val>.O85Maxl ValuMax2 Valu
13 0138 0.118
6 0.101 O.09i
14 0.112 0.107
17 0.143 0.123
15 0.141 0.118
7 0.137 0.124
9 0.099 0.098
12 0.145 0.113
7 0.102 0.099
19 0.151 0.119
18 0.153 0.125
10 0.142 0.128
Monitor Id City
250010002442011 Truro
250034002442011 Adams
250051002442011 Fairtiaven
250051005442011 Easton
250090005442011 Lawrence
25009200644?01 1 Lynn
250094004442011 Newbury
250130003442011 Agawam
250130008442011 Chicopee
250150103442011 Amherst
250154002442011 Ware
250171801442011 Sudbury
250174003442011 Waltham
250232001442011 Scituate
250251003442011 Chelsea
250270015442011 Worcester
TCounty
B a rn s ta b le
Berkshire
Bristol
Bristol
Essex
‘Essex
Essex
Ham pden
Hampden
Hampshire
Ham pshire
Middlesex
Middlesex
!lymouth
Sffolk
Worcester
Address
Fox Bottom Area
Mt Greylock Su
Leroy Wood Sch
1 Borderland St.
High Street, Sto
390 Parkland Av
Sunset Boulevard
152 South Westfi
Anderson Road
North Pleasant
Quabbin Summit
Water Row Rd Grea
Beaver Street
Scituate Police
Powder Horn Hi
Worcester Airp
Val>.085 Maxi ValuMax2 Valu
17 0.110 0.106
1 0.090 0.084
12 0.107 0.106
7 0.096 O.095
2 0,108 0.088
6 0.104 0.096
6 0.106 0.104
9 0.097 0.094
7 0.104 0.097
2 0.098 0.092
9 0.119 0.117
— 6 0.106 0.094
6 0.1061 0.095
1 0.088 0.080
2 0.086 0.085
5 0.097 0.095
New Hampshire 1997
Monitor Id City
330012003442011 Laconia
330031002442011 Conway
330050007442011 Keene
330074001442011
33009000844201 iHaverhill
33 O l l O O l6442 O l lManchester
3301 11010442011 Nashua
3301 30007442011 concord
330150009442011 Portsmouth
33015001244201 lRye
330173002442011 Rochester
330190003442011 Claremont
‘County
Belknap
Carroll
Cheshire
oos
G rafton
H illsborou
Hiusborou
Merr!rnack
R ockingham
Rockngham
Stafford
Sullivan
Address
,Laconia Municipa
Kankamaugus Hi
Railroad Street
Mt. Washington
,Haverh ill Armor
HarnettPark.M --
Sanders Associa
Storrs Street
Vaughan Street
Rye Harbor Stat
Rochester Hill R
South Street
va> .085 M axi ValuM ax2 Valu
1 0.087 0.077
0 00841 0.067
1 0.099 0.079
2 0.100 0.096
0 0.075 0.066
3 0.098 0.087
4 0.107 0.102
1 0.098 0.081
5 0.107 0.094
9 0.121 0.110
1 0.108 0.084
1 0.088 0.076
Rhode Island 1997
Monitor Id City County Address
090010017442011 Greenwich Fairfield Greenwich Point
090010113442011 Bridgeport Fairfield Shed Congress S
O900lll23442OllDanbury Fairfield Trailer,W.Conn.
090013007442011 Stratford Fairfield USCG Lighthouse
090019003442011 Westport Fairfield Sherwood Island
09003100344201 1 East Hartford;Hartford McAuliffee Park
090050006442011 Torrington Litchfield University Road
090070007442011 Middletown Middlesex Conn. Valley Ho
090091123442011 New Haven New Haven 7l5State Street
090093002442011 Madison New Haven HammonassetSt
090110008442011 Groton New London University of Co
090131001442011_Stafford Tolland Route 190,Shenipsit
Maine 1997
Monitor Id City County
230052003442011 Cape Eliiabe Cumberland
230090101442011 BarHarbor Hancock
230090102442011 BarHarbor Hancock
230112005442011 Gardiner Kennebec
230130004442012 ‘Knox
230173001442011 Oxford
230194008442011, Penobscot
230230003442011 Sagadahoc
230310037442011’ ‘York
230312002442011 York
230313002442011 Kittery York
VaI>.085 Maxl Valu Max2 Valu
Address
Two Lights State
Arcadia Np_Macfa
Top of Cadillac
Pray Street Sch
Port Clyde, Mar
Route 5, North L
Summit of Rider
Navy Road
Rt. 4 So. Hollis
Ocean Ave/Parso
Frisbee School, Goo
6 0.118
1 ‘ 0.090
5 0.095
2 0.097
6 0.109
0 0.061’
0 0.084
7 0.116’
2’ 0.104’
5 0.119
7 0.1121
0.117
0.08 1
0.0 93
0.0 92
0.100
0.060
0.077
0111
0.085
0.112
0.104
98
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AIRS-AQ REGIONAL CONTACTS
Region I: Ms. Wendy McDougall
EPA, Region I
60 Westview Street
Lexington, MA 02421
(781) 860-4323
MCDOUgaII.Wendy EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV
Connecticut: Mr. Victor Yanosy
Department of Environmental Protection
Air Monitoring Section
79 Elm Street
Hartford, CT 06106
(860) 424-3524
Voctor.Yanosy@po.state.ct. us
Maine: Mr. Jeff Emory
Department of Environmental Protection
State House Station 17
Augusta, ME 04333
(207) 287-2437
Jeff. Emoryr@state.me.us
Massachusetts: Mr. John Lane
Department of Environmental Protection
Division of Air Quality Control
Lawrence Experiment Station
37 Shattuck Street
Lawrence, MA 01843
(978) 975-1138 x304
John. Lane@state.ma.us
New Hampshire: Mr. Paul Sanborn
Department of Environmental Services
Air Resources Division
64 N. Main Street
Concord, NH 03302-2033
(603) 271-1384
P_Sanborn@des.state.nh.us
Rhode Island: Mr. John Cucco
Rhode Island Department of Health
Air Pollution Laboratory
Health Laboratory Building
50 Orms Street
Providence, RI 02904
(401) 274-1011
Vermont: Mr. George Apgar
Air Pollution Control Division
Agency of Environmental Conservation
103 S. Main St., Bldg. 3 South
Waterbury, VT 05676
(802) 241-3842
Apgar_George/vt stae.dec. airpoll@qtm.anr.state.vt.us
99
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