INDUSTRIAL WASTE SURVEY Diventco Incorporated and Housatonic River New Milford, Connecticut October 21, 1971 — £P • - • t- tviC 0 - ‘I — ------- .INDUSTRIAL WASTE SURVEY DIVENTCO INCORPORATED NEW MILFORD, CONNECTICUT OCTOBER 21, 1971 At the request of the U.S.Attorney for Connecticut, personnel from, the Environmental Protection Agency, Region I, sampled the outfall from Diventco Inc. and the Housatonic River in New Mi]ford, Connecticut, on October 21, 1971. Donald Porteous and Donald Berger, sanitary engineers, collected all samples. Mr. Porteous supervised the sample collection. Charles Corkin II, attorney for the Environmental Protection Agency, accompanied the sampling crew. The objective of the study was to sample for an enforcement action against the company under the 1899 River and Harbor Act. Diventco Incorporated Diventco Inc. is primarily involved with the fabrication of printed circuit boards by a plating and etching process. Diventco discharges approximately 30,000 gallons per day of untreated rinsewater through a pipe located on the east bank of the Housatonic River(see Figure 1. and 5). The plant operates 10 hours per day, four days per week. The production process requires the etching of the copper plated board with hydrochloric, sulfuric, and fluoboric acids and amnonium persulfate. Between each process bath the boards are washed with water - -to remove chemical films thereby preventing contamination of the baths. The bath are agitated by quantities of water to remove the tenaciously-adhering chemical film. ------- Sampling Procedures On October 15, 1971, Mr. Porteous received permission from Mr.Finley, President of Diventco Inc. to sample the effluent for possible enforce- ment action. Dye studies performed on October 20, 1971, revealed that Diventco discharges its waste through a 6 inch pipe to the Ilousatonic River(Figures 2 through 4). Sampling stations are shown in Figure 6. Table 1 gives the location of the sampling stations. The sampling crew collected samples in storage and transport containers and preserved the samples as noted below: Cubitainer Size Preservation Analysis One quart cubitainer Iced Residue series One quart cubitainer Iced Acidity and alkalinity One quart cubitainer Iced Total nitrogen - One quart cubitainer 5 ml CMC1 3 Total phosphorus and Iced One quart cubitainer Iced Metals Dissolved oxygen E.P.A. Standard Dissolved oxygen bottles Method The metal samples were analyzed for copper, lead, tin and nickel by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Arsenic was analyzed by a wet chemical technique. Flow measurement was made five times using a calibrated bucket noting the volume collected during various time intervals. Sample temperature was measured in the field with a metal thermometer. The pH was measured with an electrode pH meter. Samples were preserved as shown above and returned to the Needham laboratory for analysis the day of the sampling. -2- ------- Sample Identification Each sample was tagged with one chain of custody tag giving collect- ing agency, laboratory number, time, date, source of sample, collector’s signature and title, and witness’s signature and title, plus information on the transfer of the sample. In addition a pre-numbered field data card was filled Out for each collection time to record weather conditions, the temperature of the sample, and the sampling location. Results Tables 2 and 3 summarize the results of the laboratory analysis. Table 4 shows the loading rates of the various metals to the river. The flow rate of the industrial discharge at the time of sampling averaged 24,600 gallons per ten hour day. Mr. Finley said his discharge rate was 30,000 gallons per ten hour day. The pH of the discharge varied between 2.8 and 3.9 reflecting the fact that acid wash is discharged. Sample number 29460 was collected when a foamy blue slug was f low- ing from the discharge pipe which appeared to be an abnormal discharge, therefore it was not included in determining average values. Nitrogen and phosphorus are essential nutrients for the growth of aquatic organisms including aljae An overabundañ èThfthes&nutr ents leads to eutrophication of rivers and lakes. Diventco’a waste contained both nutrients. Diventco discharges 58.5 pounds per day of solids to the Housatonic River as measured by the total residue test. The river downstream of the Diventco plant showed an increase in total solids content. -3- ------- Total solids are classified as dissolved solids, filterable residue, and suspended solids, nonfilterable residue. Dissolved solids, discharged at a rate of 57.3 pounds per day, can be chemically and/or biologically transformed to suspended solids in the stream. Suspended solids in the river increased below the Diventco plant. Disregarding any toxic effects, suspended solids may kill fish by causing abrasive injuries; by clogging the gills; and by blanketing the bottom killing eggs, destroying spawn- ing beds, and killing food organisms. Indirectly, suspended solids are harmful in that they screen Out light, thus preventing photosynthesis in the stream. Part of the solids discharged are heavy metals includ- ing copper, lead, nickel and tin, and since the pH of the waste is so low most of these metals are dissolved in the waste. Diventco discharges approximately 1.7 pounds per day of copper which increases the quantity of copper in the Housatonic River. The average copper concentration below the plant was 93 ugh, which is over four and one half times the threshold concentration of 20 ugh, which adversely affec sfish and aquatic organisms. The concentration of lead and nickel in the Housatonic River also increased below the Diventco plant. Both of these metals are toxic to man and aquatic organisms. Diventco discharges approximately 0.75 pounds per day of tin. The increase in the tin concentration in the river could not be measured due to the sensitivity of the instrument used. The firm also discharges small quantities of arsenic. -4- ------- TABLE 1 SA (PLE STATION IDENTIFICATION Station Latitude Longitude Description p U p iigi (Outfall) D 0 01 4]. 34 25 73 24 47 Industrial outfall from Diventco Inc. into Housatonic River (River) 41. 34 29 73 24 55 }lousatonic River at HOOl Route 67 Bridge 11002 41. 34 2] 72 34 47 Housatonic River approximately 500 yards downstream of the outfall ------- SAMPLE ANALYSES ABBREVIATIONS AND UNITS OF MEASURE Analyses Reported Description Measured In Temperature Sample temperature Degrees centigrade (°C) pH Standard Units (S.U.) DO Dissolved oxygen Milligrams per liter(mg/l) Acidity Capacity of water to mg/i as CaCo 3 donate protons Alkalinity Capacity of water to mg/i as CaCo 3 accept protons Total. residue Total solids mg/I. Total nonfilterable Total suspended solids mg/i residue TKN Total kjeldahl nitrogen mg/i as nitrogen Total phosphorus mg/i as phosphorus Letters preceding a reported value denote the following: J - estimated as, value not accurate K - less than L - greater than ------- TABLE 2 DIVENTCO INCORPORATED AND HOUSATONIC RIVER SUMMARY SHEET OCTOBER 21, 1971 pH TKN (S .U.)(mg/l) Temp Station Time (°C) (Industrial Outfall) DOOl 1025 19.5 DOOl 1040 18.0 DOOl 1055 18.0 DOOl 1015 2.8 3.2 3.9 Alkalinity Total Phosphorus D.0. Total Residue Total Non- Filterable Residue (mg/i) (mg/l) (mg/i) (mg/i) (mg/i) 2.7 12.0 23.2 Acidity (rng/l) 217.5 100.5 44.5 3.0 5.8 4.7 4.0 4.3 2.7 (River) HOOl 11001 HO0 I. H002 H002 11002 7.7 1.2 7.4 0.4 7.5 0.5 0925 0940 1005 1110 1125 1140 12.5 12.5 12.5 13.0 13.0 13.0 0.96 2.20 1.56 1.24 .07 .08 .08 .08 .10 .08 7.6 7.7 7.8 82 367 95 102.5 93 107 0.4 0.5 0.4 270 330 255 162 160 160 206 167 172 7.5 2.5 8.9 4.2 7.0 8.4 5.2 12.5 10.4 Lab Code 29451 29452 29453 29460 29454 29455 29456 29457 29458 29459 9.4 9.5 8.9 9.3 9.5 9.5 ------- TABLE 3 DIVENTCO INCORPORATED SUMNARY SHEET OCTOBER 21, 1971 Copper Lead Tin Nickel Arsenic* Station Time (ugh) (ugh) (ugh). (ugh) (ugh) Lab Code (Outfall) DOOl 1025 3120 980 6000 30 11. 29451 DOOl 1040 9340 540 2600 20 14 29452 DOOl 1055 12680 240 2400 20 6 29453 DOOl. 1015 80 30 K 1200 20 14 29460 (Housatonic River) 11001 0925 10 10 K 1200 K 20 9 29454 11001. 0940 26 20 K 1200 K 20 23 29455 HOOl 1005 60 30 K 1200 20 11 29456 11002 1110 70 30 K 1200 20 14 29457 H002 1125 200 40 K 1200 30 17 29458 HO02 1140 10 30 K 1200 30 Kl.O 29459 *Analyzed by wet chemical technique ------- TABLE 4 SUMMARY OF METALS LOADING Metal Loading Rate ( Pounds / day ) Copper 1.72 Tin 0.752 Lead 0.121 Nickel 0.005 Arsenic 0.002 Total Residue 58.5 Basis: Discharge rate equal to 24,600 gallons per ten .hour day ------- DIVENTCO NEW MILFORD INC. CON N. Milford FIGURE 1 ------- I ‘ - ,I - 7 - . ._ r ,‘1 :‘- •, Figure 2: Dye study Diventco Inc. 1630 hours outfall I -‘ F -I.-—- I • L -p .. .-.. - - -- $. • Figure 3: Dye study 1635 hours Dye entered in process pipe “ • -; i :j -. - --• - 4 .- ,i •• - * Figure 4: Dye study 1640 hours Showing dye flowing from pipe I r ‘- 4*- 4 •* I *1f -- - - - - - —‘ 1 d --d — —-s C Figure 5: Showing flow from Diventco Inc. outfall directly into river ------- Figure 6: Sampling stations - - • -—-- -‘ ‘— ‘ f - , -, - ;. — -. 4 . - — t —J f. ;• g1ig a ‘1 I w. - -b •• -; - - - ..,- -- L ------- Re ferences 1. Jack E. McKee and Harold W. Wolf, _ California at W t O ljt y_Control Board, 1963. 2. Methods For Chemical Analysis Of Water And Wastes ; Environmental Protection Agency Water Quality Office, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1971 ------- |