INDUSTRIAL WASTE SURVEY
Georgia-Pacific Corporation
Whitefield Paper Division
Gilman, Vermont
June 30, 1971
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G DRGIA-PACIFIC CORPORATION
WHITEFIELD PAPER DIVISION
GILMAN, VERMONT
On June 30, 1971, at the request of the Enforcement Division,
Environmental Protection Agency Region I personnel collected samples
of the Georgia-Pacific Corporation, Whitefield Paper Division dis-
charges to the Connecticut River and the Connecticut River. The loca-
tion of each sampling station is shown in Figure 1.
Georgia-Pacific Corporation, Whitefield Paper Division
Georgia-Pacific Corporation, Whitefield Paper Division, a Kraft
paper mill, manufacturing printing and check paper, discharges approxi-
mately 3.0 nigd of untreated wastewater to the Connecticut River from
three main outfalls:
1. Filter backwashing water (GPW-l)
2 • Whitewater from two fourdrinier machines (GPW-2)
3. Boiler blowdown (GPW-3)
The paper mill has a maximum capacity of approximately 12S tons/day
using 100 percent bleached Kraft pulp, resin sizing, clay, titanium
dioxide, starch, and alum as raw materials. As previously stated, the
mill discharges into the Connecticut River.
Sampling Information
Figure 1 shows the three industrial outfalls (GPW-1, GPW—2 and
GPW-3), as well as the municipal outfalls and the two river stations
(CN-03 and CN-0l 1 ). Table 1 presents the locations of the stations.

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LEGEND
— Municipal
Industrial
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Sewer
Outfcl I
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tI
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•4
‘4!
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GEORGIA
PA PER
GPW3 BOILER
PLANT
PACIFIC
MILL
VERMONT
NEW HAMPSHIRE
‘GPW2
‘CNO3
CONNECT/CUT
RI VER
PLOW
I
CN 04
BOOM
BRIDGE
GILMAN,VERMONT AND GEORGIA PACIFIC

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TABLE 1
SAMPLE STATION IDENTIFICATION
Station Latitude Longitude Description
0 U 0 H
(River)
CN—03 44 24 38 71 43 08 Connecticut River just
upstream from the Gilman
Dam.
CN—04 44 24 41 71 43 28 Connecticut River just
upstream from the Gilman
Bridge.
(Outf ails)
GPW—1 44 24 36 71 43 10 Weir at south corner of
building adjacent to the
Gilman Dam.
GPW—2 44 24 38 73. 43 12 Outfall at Vermont bank of
of river approximately 100
feet downstream of dam.
GPW—3 44 24 42 71 43 10 Boiler blowdown chamber at
west end of boiler building
immediately outside building.

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The mobile field laboratory crew conducted tests for dissolved
oxygen, pH and bacteria, plus filtered for non-filterable residues.
The remaining samples, including the filtered residue samples, were
returned to the Environmental Protection Agency laboratory in Needhain,
Massachusetts, for analysis.
All samples were collected, preserv’ed and analyzed according to
EPA standard methods. The k PA Region I chain of custocLy record system
was used to insure the integrity of the samples.
Results
Tables 2 and 3 summarize the results of the laboratory analyses.
Table 1 shows, for purposes of comparison, an analysis conducted in 1968
by the engineering consultant firm of Webster Martin Company showing a
breakdown on the total flow. Since 1968, the company has reportedly
tightened up their operation. Thble shows an analysis by the same
firm on the effluent characteristics of the three discharges. Table 6
shows the calculated loading rates on the Connecticut River.
At the filter backwashirLg water outfall (Station GPW—l), the grab
sample analysis indicates a suc pfJnded solids loading on the Connecticut
River of 3814 pounds/day as compared to l 14O pounds/day based on com-
posite sample analysis. This variation is attributable to a highly
variable nature of the wastewat.er. it is, however, generally accepted
that quantitative analysis is bent determined from composite sampling
since it consists of a number of grab samples, and, therefore, an aver-
age (e.g., samples were colJ.ec tact every l minutes for one hour propor-
tionate to flow). Total phosphorus loading, based on composite sample
analysis is S.14 pounds per day. This discharge also contains a total
—2—

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coliforrn bacterial density in excess of 18,000 per 100 milliliters.
All loading rates at this outfall are based on flow rate of approxi-
mate]y 2.0 million gallons per day as measured at the time of sampling.
The outfall discharging whitewater from the two fourdrinier
machines (Station GPW—2) had a suspended solids concentration corres-
ponding to a loading rate to the Connecticut River of 3160 pounds per
day based upon grab sample analysis and 32 1 z0 pounds per day based
upon composite sample analysis. Because of the high suspended solids
concentration, the discharge was excessively turbid. This discharge
also contains degradeable organic matter which produced a 1590 pound
per day BOD 5 load on the Connec ticut River. The whitewater also
created a loading rate of 6.7 pounds per day of phosphorus and in
the acidic range WI th an average pH of 5.6. The flow rate at this
outfall at the time of sampling was on average 2.3 million gallons per
day.
The boiler blowdown chamber (St.atioii GPW-3) discharge contains an
average concentration of 53.8 mg/i of suspended solids and 1.92 mg/i
of phosphorus. The flow rate at this location was not measured, but
was observed to be small compared to Station GPIrJ-2.
The combined loading rates of the discharges at Stations GPW-l
and GPW-2 are shown onTable 6. It should be noted that actual load-
ing rates are in excess of those given since the effects of the boiler
blowdown discharge are not. included. Bocause of the close proximity
of the Gi].man Dam to these outf ails, the stream sample analyses do
not show the full effect of the plant discharges.
—3—

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SAMPLE ANALYSIS
ABBREVIATIONS AND UNITS OF MEASURE
Analysis Descrij ion Measured In
pH Hydrogen ion Standard units (SU)
concentration
Temperature Sample temperalure Degrees centigrade (°C)
DO Dissolved oxygen milligrams per liter (mg/i)
BOD 5 5—day biochemical oxygen
demand, incubated at 20°C (mg/i)
Total nonfilterable
residue Total suspended solids (mg/i)
Total coliforms Total coliform bacteria per 100 milliliters
Fecal coliforms Fecal coliform bacteria per 100 milliliters
Total P Total phosphorus mg/i as phosphorus
Turbidity Jackson Candle Turbidity
Units (JTU)
Letter Code:
K — less than
J — estimated value

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TABLE 2
SUMMARY SHEET
MILL DISCHARGES
JUNE 30, 1971
CRAB SAMPLES Total Fecal Total NF
Temp. DO Coliforms Coliforms BOD5 Residue Total P Turbidity
Station Time Lab No. °C (mg/i) /100 ml /100 ml (mg/I) ( mg/i)* (mg/i) JTU pH
GPW-1 0840 27255 27.0 4.6 43,000 120 24.2 6 6.6
GFW-2 0815 27257 35.0 4.1 1,000 1 (100 -- 188.0 -- 300 4.8
GPW-3 0755 27269 29.0 4.2 10,000 K10,000 15.2 60.0 3.84 23 9.2
GPcT-1 1005 27265 23.0 4.7 19,000 Kl0 21.0 7 6.7
G? !-2 1015 27263 37.0 .6 1,103 K100 70.8 -- 300 5.3
1005 27266 23.5 3.9 10,000 1(10,000 52.4 1.92 24 8.6
G -1 1435 27275 24.0 4.4 18,000 10 24.0 8 6.9
GP !-2 1450 27273 37.0 5.3 2,300 100 -- 236 900 6.8
CF. -3 1405 27276 30.0 5.2 1(10,000 KiO,000 11.2 49.0 22 8.7
COMPOS ITE SAN PLES
CP -1 0730-0815 27254 136.8 .30
GP 1-2 0735-0820 27256 86 153.2 --
GPW-1 0920-1005 27264 46.0 .30
GPW-2 0915-1000 27262 100 100.8 .36
GPW-1 1350-1435 27274 7 94.6 .36
GPW-2 1345-1430 27272 64 252.8 .24
*Nonfilterabie residue is a measure of suspended solids

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TAELE 3
SUNMARY SHEET
CONNECTICUT RIVER
JUNE 30, 1971
Total Fecal Total NF
Temp. DO Coliforms Colifonns BOD 5 Residue Total P Turb.
Station Time Lab No. °C mg/i /100 ml /100 ml mg/i mg/1* mg/i JTU pH
CN—03 0815 27252 23.0 1.2 19,000 K100 6.0 13.5 .28 4 6.4
CN—04 0830 27253 —— 1.8 15,000 40 —— 16.0 .38 5 6.4
CN—03 1050 27260 21.5 0.7 7,000 K100 6.3 16.0 .24 4 6.4
CN—04 1110 27261 22.0 1.1 17,000 110 6.0 18.8 •3/ 7 6.5
CN—03 1445 27270 23.0 0.7 13,000 1 (100 —— 14.8 .36 5 6.0
CN—04 1515 27271 22.5 0.7 9,700 60 J4.O 14.0 .02 9 6.8
*Nonfilterabie residue is a measure of suspended solids

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TABLE 4
Mill Discharges
Analysis by Webster Martin Engineering Consultants
(1968)
Analysis of Total Flow:
Whitewater Boiler Blowdown &
Rates Conc. Backwash Total
Flow 3.4 MCD .025 Mgd 3.425 MCD
BOD 3364 Ib/d ‘ 119 mg/i 3364 lb BOD/d
Suspended 9365 ib/d 330 mg/i 2100 Ib/d 11,465 lb S.S./d
Solids I
I
4.9

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T/ E LE 5
EFFLUENT CH \R CTERISTICS
Analysis by Webster-Martin Engineering Consultants
6/12/63
14
26
Date 600
S.S.
Flow
BOO
S.S.
(mg/ I)
‘Cmg/1)
Cmgd) ’
1bs/ ay
1bs/ ay
97
150
85
7/25
61.
205
3.2
•1,708
5,1.71
26
40
180
3.1
1,031.
4,651.
29
102
200
2.7
2,297
4,501.
8/ 1
128
320
2.6
2,776
6,939
2
100
210
2.5
2,085
4,37
6
168
180
2. 1+
3,363
•3,603
7
163
455
2.5
3,399
9,487
8
201
360
2.3
3,856
7,269
13
225
—
2.8
5,25 1 .
——
11.
171
1.00
2.9
4,136
9,671.
15
165
330
13.1
6,266
8,532
16
165
310
2.8
3,653
7,239
21
151
335
1.9
2,456
5,308
22
12 1i
—
2.1
2,172
——
23
63
760
3.1
2,1 1.6
19,61.9
9/ 1
70
‘465
3.8
2,218
16,737
5
141.
3 5
2.5
3,002
6,563
11
149
1+15
3.1
3,852
10,729
12
209
360
2.8
4,881
6,607
11.
149
415
2.3
3,479
9,691
20
98
1.40
3.7
3,021+
13,57a
21
121.
350
3.6
372.3
10,506
23
—
345
3.6
——
10,356
25
21.6
185
3.7
7,591
5,709
26
197
270
4.3
7,065
9,683
27
145
630
3.7
4,1+74
19,1.41
10/3
239
2.050
3.3
6,578
26,398
4
225
690
3.2
5,005
23,752
5
189
500
3.2
5,01.4
21,350
10
227
220
3.3
6,21.7
5,055
11
300
220
3.3
8,257
6,055
.
12
99
1.00
3.6
2,572
12,010
16
148
300
3.2
3,950
8,006
18
— r
70
-
385
T5
2.8
2.9
1,635
2,056
8,991
3,749
3
93
180
3.0
2,327
4,504
24
142
—
3.1
3,671
——
26
38
285
3.6
1,11.1
8,557
31
58
205
3.3
1,596
5,642

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TABLE 5 (Cont.)
Date BOD S.S. Flou DOD 5.5 .
(mg/I) (mg/U ( igdJ lbs/doy 1cs/d y
11/1 79 115 3.2 2,108 3,069
2 177 300 3.3 14,871 8,257
20 65 290 3•L 1,81414 £3,226
22 47 205 3.2 1,065 4,647
27 86 530 2.2 1,578 9,724
26 105 495 2.2 1,927 9,082
29 98 575 1.9 1,553 9,111
12/9 5.8 119 1050 3.2 2,697 23,801
10 5.7 — 510 3.5 —— 14,887
11 5.5 — 270 3.6 —— 8,106
11+ 5.2 320 3.8 —— 10,1141
15 4.9 — 2145 3.6 — — 7,356
16 5.1 77 620 3.7 2,376 15,132
17 5.0 — 200 3.6 —— 6,005
16 4.9 260 3.7 6,023
19 5.0 270 3.5 7,88].
20 1 .9 140 3. 1 + 3,571
21 4.9 230 3.14 —— 6,5214
22 5.0 — 265 3.4 —— 7,517
23- -s-tr 125 4 50 S.5 3,649 13,136
27 14.6 — 85 3.3 —— 2,339
28 5.0 1 +60 3.5 —— 13,427
29 — — 260 3.5 —— 8,457
30 4.7 123 365 3.6 3,693 10,959
31 4.9 — 160 3.7 —— 4,937
1/ 1/69 14.9 185 3.5 5,400
2 14.7 320 3.6 9,608
3 4.7 250 3.2 6,672
4.8 1000 3.7 30,358
5 5.0 — L 95 3.7 — — 15,275
6 4.7 110 350 3.5 3,211 10,217
7 5.1 — 21+0 —— 8,807
8 14.9 1410 3.0 10,256
9 5.5 200 2.7 4,504
10 6.5 190 3.0 4,754
11 5.1 165 3.1 14,266
12 4.6 — 455 3.5 13,281
13 14.8 50 205 3. 1 5,615
14 14.8 — 155 3.1 14,007
15 14.8 — 115 3.9 3,740
15 14.8 150 2.5 3,128
3.7 5.1 1420 3.2 —— 11,209
18 5.1 — 210 3.2 — — 5,60 1.

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T!iBLE 6
LOADING RATES
Webster-Martin
Parameter Loacli nf.; RatE* loading Rate
(Pountl3 Per Day) (Pounds Per Day)
BOD 5 l 9O 33614
Suspended Solids 11,1465
Total Phosphorus 12.1
*Aa calculated by EPA June 30, 1971 stAldy

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