Field Guide
to Environmental Crime
United States
Environmental Protection Agency
Region I - New England
m
Regional Criminal
Enforcement Counsel
-------
The fine print -
i b m — is una i ded solely as reference for Special Agents with the United Sthtn
Envu’oiunaital Protection Agency It Sacs to a large ectau on the EnvizasunaiW Cwnes
Miami published by the Depaitnad of Justoe It doe not conten a ounqndkenflVe hflng
of g aw tuiunnI aunes, but is intended to highlight those arni e most often
investigated by the Agency Ths guile doe riot consttzte a mlanakmg and a nota
sletnnntt of Agency policy or pn ce This guide doe not ante a cat any nght
pnvitege or baa ethe ttsntve a procedural , on prospective or actial d ansnts ,
defendants, a peti mm The Agency may iske actons at vawice with this giSt
-------
Our Government is the potent, the
omnipresent teacher. For good or for ill, it
teaches the whole people by its example.
Just ice Louis Brandeis
-------
Table of Contents
C leanWaterAct(CWA)............ ... 3
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
15
CleanAirAct(CAA) .. . .. 25
Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act
(CERCLA)ISI.S.I . 39
Emergency Planning and Community Right
ToKnowAct(EPCRTKA). . •. 43
Federal insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
(I?El’.l _it_) . . . 4.7
Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) 53
Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) 59
Tide L8Cnmes . . 67
-------
CLEAN WATER
ACT
(C WA)
-------
Direct Discharge (to Waters of US
Including Wetlands)
Elements:
U A Person
U Negligently or Knowingly
0 Discharges a Pollutant
O From a Point Source
U Into a water of the United States
O Without an NPDES Permit or In Violation of an
NPDES Pernut*
Statute 33USC § 13l9(cXl)&(2)
Penalty
Negligent Violations: 1 year and/or $2,500 .25,000 per day,
subsequent convictions 2 years and/or $50,000 per day
Knowing Viol mona 3 years and/or $5,000- 50,000 per day,
subsequent convictions 6 years and/or $100,000 per day
Relevant Regulations 40 C F R § 122
‘Note that the discharge of fill matenal into a wetland may be
permittedunder33USC §1344
esCWACnmeses 3
-------
Discharges of Oil or Hazardous Substances
Elements
U A Person
U Negligently or Knowingly
U Discharges Oil or a Hazardous Substaiwe
U Into a water of the United States/upon adjoining
shorelines/into the Contiguous Zone
U In a Harmful Quantity
S 12 111te 33USC 1319(cXl)&(2)& 1321(bX3)
Penalty
Negligent Violations 1 year and/or 52,500-25,000 per day
subsequent convictions 2 years and/or $50,000 per day
Knowing Violationr 3 years and/or 55,000 - 50,000 per day,
subsequent convictions 6 years and/or $100,000 per thy
RelevantRegulations 4OCFR l10,l16&1l7
I
-------
Failure to Report Discharges of Oil &
Hazardous Substances
Elements:
O Aperson
O In charge of a Vessel, onshore or offshore facility
O from which oil or a hazardous substance is
discharged
C) in a reportable (harmful) quantity
O into or upon waters of the Umted States/upon
adjoimng shorelines/into the Contiguous Zone
U Fails to immediately notify the appropriate
Federal Agency
o As soon as he has knowledge of the discharge
Statute 33IJSC §1321(bX5)
Penalty5ycarsand/orf incsunderI8USC §3571
RelevantRegulanons. 4OCFR §fliO,116&1i7
?SCWACTUnSSIS 5
-------
Discharge to a POTW in Violation of
Federal Pre-Treatment Standards
Elements
A Person
I ] Negligently or Knowingly
U Owns or Operates a Source
U In Violation of an Applicable Pretreatment
Standard*
Statute 33USC § 1319(cXIXA)&(2XA)
Penalty
Negligent Violations 1 year andfor 52,500-25,000 per day,
subsequent convictions 2 years and/or $50,000 per day
Knowing Violations 3 years and/or $5,000- 50,000 per thy,
subsequent convictions 6 years and/or $100,000 per thy
Relevant Regulations 40 C F R. § 403
General Pretreament Prolubitions found at 40 C F R §
403 5(a)(”Pass Through” & “Interference”), Specific Pretreatment
Prohibitions found at 40 C F R § 403 5(b)(excessive heat, oil, toxic
gases, trucked pollutants, etc), Local Limit Provision found at 40
C F it § 403 5(d), Categoncal Standards found at 40 C F it §
403 6-424
6
-------
Discharge to a POTW in Violation of a
Local PreTreatment Program
Elements:
O A Person who Owns or Operates a Source
O Negligently or Knowingly
O Violates an Approved Local Pretreatment
Program
Statute 33USCfl 1319(cXZXA)&(2XA)
P e na lty
Negligent Violations. 1 year and/or 32,500-25,000 per day,
subsequent convictions 2 years and/or $50,000 per day
Knowing Violations 3 yean and/or $5,000- 50,000 per day,
subsequent convictions 6 yean and/or $100,000 per day
Relevant Regulations. 40 C F it § 403
)sCWACnrngss 7
-------
Discharge to a POTW Causing Harm to the
S3 3tem
Elements
U A Person who Owns or Operates a Source
[ 3 Negligently or Knowingly
U Introduces a Pollutant or Hazardous Substance
U Into a POTW
U Person knew or should have known such
pollutant could cause injuiy or damage
Statute 33IJSC. 1319( CXIXB)&(2)(B)
Penalty
Negligent Violations 1 year and/or $2,500-25,000 per thy,
subsequent convictions 2 years and/or £50,000 per day
Knowmg Violations 3 years and/or $5,000- 50,000 per day,
subsequent convictions 6 years and/or $100,000 per day
Relevant Regulations 40 C F R § 403
8 I SCWACnm&t
-------
Indirect Discharge (to a POTW) Causing a
Plant to Violate PermitlLimitation
Elements.
U A Person who Owns or Operates a Source
U Negligently or Knowingly
U Discharges a Pollutant or Hazardous Substance
U into a P01W
U Other than in Compliance with All Federal, State
and Local Reqwrements and Permits
U Which Causes the P01W to Violate its Permit or
Effluent Lrnutation.
Statutc 33 USC if 1319(c)(l)&(2)
Penalty
Negligent Violations. 1 year and/or $2,500-25000 per day,
subsequent convictions 2 years and/or $50,000 per day
Knowing Violations 3 years and/or $5,000- 50,000 per thy,
subsequent convictions 6 years and/or $100,000 per day
Relevant Regulations. 40 C F R § 403
? SCWACnmgsIs 9
-------
CWA Knowing Endangerment
EIement
U A Person
U Knowingly Committed Specified Offense (33
U S.C § 131!, 1312, 1313, 1316, 1317, 1318,
132 1(b)(3), 1328, 1345. or permits issued under
1342 or 1344)
U Knew at the time that such acts put another
person in imminent danger of death or serious
bodily injury
Statute 33 USC § 1319(c)(3)
Penalty 15 years and/or $250,000 ($1,000,000 for corps),
subsequent convictions doubled
/0 EsCWACnmesIs
-------
CWA False Statements
Elements:
0 APerson
0 Knowingly
o Makes a False Statement, Representation, or
Certification
O Statement/RepresentationiCertiflcation was
Material
0 In any Document
0 Filed or Required to be Maintained Under the
CWA
Statutc: 33USC §1319(cX4)
Paialty: 2 yeats andfor $10,000, subsequent convictions 4 years
and/or $20,000 per day
?sCWACnnzgs es
-------
Tampering with Monitoring Equipment or
Method
Elements
A Person
Knowingly
Falsifies, Tampers with, or Renders Inaccurate
Monitonng Device or Method
Required to be Maintained under CWA
Statute 33LJSC §1319(cX4)
Penalty 2 years andlor $10,000, subsequent convictions 4 years
andlor $20,000 per day
/2 ?SCWACnmgsM#
-------
*
RESO URCE
CONSER VA TION
AND RECOVERY
ACT
(RCK4)
*
-------
Treatment, Storage, or Disposal Without a
Permit or Interim Status
Elements:
C I Aperson
C l Knowingly treats, stores, or disposes of
CI A hazardous waste
I ] Without a permit or interim status
Statute 42 U S C § 6928(dX2XA)
Penalty 5 years and/or up to $50,000 per day of violation
Relevant Regulations’ 40 C F R § 260 et ceq
3sRCK4Cnmes3S /5
-------
Treatment, Storage, or Disposal in
Violation of a Permit
Elementr
L I A person
U Knowingly treats, stores, or disposes of
U A hazardous waste
U In knowing violation of
o A material permit condition or a material
condition of the intenm status regulations or
standards.
Statute 42 USC if 6928(dX2X8)and(C)
Penalty 5 years and/or up to $50,000 per day of violation
Relevant Regulations 40 C F R if 260 et seq
16 RCRA CnmesS
-------
Transportation to an Unpermitted Facility
Elements.
C ] A person
Knowingly transports or causes to be transported
U A hazardous waste
U To a facility that does not have a pernut or
intenm status
Statute 42 USC §6928(dXl)
Penalty 5 years and/or up to $50,000 per day of’ violation
Relevant Regulations. 40 C F it § 260 et ceq
is RCj%4Cnmgs ?s /7
-------
Transportation of Hazardous Waste
Without a Manifest
Elements.
(3 A person
(3 Knowrngly
(3 Transports or causes to be transported
(3 A hazardous waste
13 Without a manifest where one is required by the
regulations
Statute 42USC §6928(d)(5)
Penalty 2 years and/or up to $50,000 per day of violation
Relevant Regulations 40 C F ft. § 260 et seq
18 SRCRACnmCSEs
-------
RCRA False Statement
Elements
U A person
U Files, maintains, or uses for purposes of
compliance with Subtitle C (RCRA hazardous
waste regulations) a document
C ] Knowingly omits material inforn ation from or
makes a false statement or false representation in
the document
U The false statement or representation is material
Statute: 42 U S.C. § 6928(d)(3)
Penalty: 2 years andlor up to S50,000 per day of violation
Relevant Regulations 40 C F R. § 260 at seq
S
sRCRACnmgsIs jg
-------
Knowing Alteration, Destruction, or
Concealment of Records
Elements’
13 Aperson
3 Generates, stores, treats, transports, disposes of,
exports, or otherwise handles hazardous waste
U The records are required to be maintained or filed
for pursuant to Subtitle C
U Knowingly destroys, alters, conceals, or fails to
file such records
Stiitute: 42 U S.C § 6928(dX4)
Penalty 2 yeats and/or up to $50,000 per day of violation
Relevant Regulations. 40 C F It if 260 et seq.
20 sRCR 4Cnmgs.
-------
Knowing Endangerment
Elements:
U A person who knowingly transports, treats, stores,
disposes of. or exports a hazardous waste in
violation of 42 U.S.C § 6928(d)(l)-(7)
Knew at the lime that such acts put another
person in imnunent danger of death or senous
bodily injury
Statute 42 U S C § 6928(e)
Penalty 15 years and/or up to $250,000, or $1,000,000 if an
organization
Relevant Regulations 40 C F P.. § 260 et seq
•
?sRCR 1 4Cnmgs ?s 2!
-------
illegal Export of Hazardous Waste
Elements:
o A person
U Knowingly
0 Exports a hazardous waste
o Without consent of the receiving country or in
violation of an international agreement between
the United States and the receiving country
Statute 42 U S C § 6928(dX6)
Penalty: 2 years and/or up to $50,000 per day of violation
Relevant Regulations 40 C F it fi260 et seq
22 sRCR 4 Gnmes?s
-------
*
CLEAN AIR A CT
(CAA)
*
-------
Vi olation of Asbestos NESHAP During
Demolition/Renovation
Elements
U Person who is an owner or operator
I ] Of a demohtionirenovation operation involving
the disturbance of regulated asbestos material of
at least 260 linear feet on pipes, 160 square feet
on other facility components, or 35 cubic feet off
facility components
U Knowingly
U Fails or causes another person or employee to fail
to comply with any of the work practice standards
in 40 C F R. § 61.145, or waste disposal standards
in40CF.R.’ 6l 150
Statute 42 USC §7413(c)(I)
Penalty 5 years and/or tines pursuant to 18 U S C § 3571 Penalties
doubled if second or subsequent conviction.
RelevantRegulations 4OCFR § 61 140,61 141,61 145,61 150
25
-------
Violation of Stratospheric Ozone
Protection Provisions
Elements.
O A person
O Knowingly
O Violates any requirement or prohibition of
subchapter VI of the CAA [ including, but not
limited to’ non- essential products ban;
production, importation, and consumption
controls; any requirement of the national
emissions control, disposal, and recycling
program for motor velucle air conditioners
(MVACs); any requirement of the national
emissions control, disposal, and recycling
program for appliances or industrial process
refrigeration equipment; venting any Class I or
Class II substance used as a refrigerant]
Statute 42USC §7413(c)(i)
Penalty 5 years and/or fines pw’suantto 18 Us C § 3571 Penalties
doubled if second or subsequent conviction
Relevant Regulations 40 C F It. § 82
26 esQ4ACruneses
-------
False Statements in CAA Documents
Elements
U A person
I ] Knowingly
U Makes false materiaL statement, representation, or
certification in/onuts material information
from/alters, conceals or fails to file or maintain
U A document filed or required to be maintained
under the CAA
Statute 42 U S C § 7413(cX2XA)
Penalty’ 2 years and/or fines pursuant to 18 US C § 3571
Penalties doubled if second or subsequent conviction
RelevantRegulations 4OCFR ff50 .95
?sC AACnmgs?s 27
-------
Tampering with Monitor Device or Method
Elements:
O Aperson
U Knowingly
O Falsifies/tampers with/renders inaccurate/fails to
install
O A momtoring device or method
U Required by CAA
Stat ue: 42 U S C. § 7413( CX2XC)
Penaky:2ycarsand/orfinespunuanttol8USC §3571
Penalties doubled if second or subsequent conviction.
Relevant Regulations. 40 C.KR. if 50-95
28 IsC 4ACnm&s
-------
Tat
Knowing Failure to Notify or Report
E lementr
U A person
U Knowingly
U Fails to notify or report
U As required by CAA
Statute 42 115 C § 7413(cX2)(B)
Penalty 2 years and/or fines pursuant to 18 U SC § 3571 Penalties
doubled f second or subsequent conviction
Relevant Regulations 40 C F R if 50-95
ISC4ACnmesMt 29
-------
Knowing/Negligent Endangerment
Elements
U A person
U Negligently/Knowingly
U Releases into the ambient air
U Any hazardous air pollutant listed under Section
7412 of the Clean Air Act or any extremely
hazardous substances listed pursuant to 42 U S C.
§ 11002(a)(2)
At the time of the release, negligently/knowingly
put another person in imminent danger of death
or serious bodily injury
Statute 42 U SC § 7413(c)(4)&(5) 142 U SC § 7412(b)(l)J
Penalty
Knowingl5yearsandlorfinespursuanttol8USC §3571
Negligent 1 yearand/orfinespunuantto LSUSC. § 3571
Relevant Regulations 40 C F R § 50-95
30 ? SCAACnm&s
-------
Violation of a State Implementation Plan
(SIP)
Elements
0 A person
Knowingly
0 Violates a requirement of an applicable SIP
0 During a period of federally assumed
enforcement, or more than 30 days after havrng
been notified by the Admimstrator under Section
113(a), 42 U S C § 7413(a)(1) that the defendant
was in violation of such SIP requirement
Statute 42 USC §7413(cXl)
Penalty5yearsand/orflnespursuantto 1SUSC §3571 Penalties
doubled if second or subsequent conviction
Relevant Regulations 40 C F R § 52
sC4ACnme , )s 3/
-------
Violation of a New Source Performance
Standard
Elementw
U Owner or operator
U Of a “new” stationary source
U Knowingly
U Operates the new source in violation of an
applicable category source performance standard
Statute. 42 USC. §7413(cXl)
Penaltyl years and/or fines pursuant to 18 U S C § 3571 Penalties
doubtS iI’second or subsequent conviction
Relevant Regulattonw 40 C F R § 60
32 ?sCAACnmesS
-------
Violation of a National Emissions Standard
for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP )
Elements.
o Owner or operator
O Of a stationary source
0 Knowingly
O Constructs a new sourcel Modifies an existing
source/Emits a hazardous pollutant/or Fails to
comply with a design, equipment, work practice,
or operational standard
O In violation of an applicable NESHAP
Statute 42 USC § 7 413(cXl)
Penalty 5 years and/or tines pursuant to is us c § 3571 Penalties
doubled if second or subsequent conviction
Relevant Regulations 40 C F it § 61
M#CAACnm&S 1S 33
-------
Violation of Operating Permits Provision
Elements
o Owner or operator
U Of a source subject to the operating permits
program
C l Knowingly
O Operates the source without an operating pernut
or in violation of a permit requirement
Statute 42USC §7413(c)(l) [ 42USC § 766l(i)-(2),42
USC §7661a(a)I
Penalty 5 years and/or fines pursuant to 18 USC § 3571 Penalties
doubled if second or subsequent conviction
Relevant Regulations 40 CF It § 70•71
34 IS CIA Crimes I s I
-------
Violation of an Emergency Order
Elements:
O Aperson
O Knowingly
O Violates a prohibition or reqwrement of
O An emergency order issued by EPA pursuant to
Section3O3,42 USC. § 7603
Stalute42USC §7413(cXl)
Penalty5yearsandlortinespursuantto ISUSC §3571 Penalties
doubled if second or subsequent conviction.
RelevantReguiations:4OCFR. § 5O-95
esC4ACnme es 35
-------
*
COMPREHENSI VE
ENVIRONMENTAL
RESPONSE,
COMPENSA lYON,
AND LIABILITY
ACT
(CER CIA)
-------
Failure to Notify of Release
Elements
U A hazardous substance
U In an amount equal to or greater than a reportable
quantity
U Was released into the environment
o From a facility or vessel
U Not a federally permitted release
U A person in charge of the facility or vessel
o Failed to notify the appropnate agency of the
U.S. Government immediately as soon as he or
she became aware of the release
Statute 42USC §9603(b)
Penaity3yearsandlorflnespursuanttoi8USC §357! Upto5
years if second or subsequent conviction
RelevantRegutations 40CFR. 3O2.4OCFR 116, 129,261,
61, 76! et seq. (lists of covered chemicals under other statutes)
[ Note that CERCLA also cnminalizes the destruction
of certain records related to the release of hazardous
substances. See 42 U S C § 9603(d).J
S’ CERCL4 Cnmes “ S 39
-------
*
EMERGENCY
PLANNING AND
COMMUNITY
RIGHT TO KNOW
ACT
(EPCR TKA)
*
-------
Failure to Notify of Release
Elements:
O A person who is an owner or operator of a facility
U Knowingly and Willfully
O FailstoProvideNoticeasRequiredby42U.SC.
§ 11004(b)
O Immediately after the release of a reportable
quantity of a hazardous substance or extremely
hazardous substance requiring notice
O From a facility at which a hazardous chemical is
produced, used, or stored
Statutc 42 U.s C § 11045(bX4)
Penaity2yeanand/orfincspursuantto l8U.SC §3571 Upto5
ycars if second or subsequent conviction
RelevantRegu lations 4OCFR.. §355
[ Note exempted releases at 42-U S.C § 1 1004(a)(4);
reporting not required for exposures to persons solely
within the facility]
1$ EPCRTKA Crimes ‘s 43
-------
*
FEDERAL
INSECTICIDE,
FUNGICiDE, AND
R ODENTJCIDE
ACT
(FIFRA)
*
-------
Knowing Violations by Registrants,
Applicants, and Producers
Elements’
C l A registrant, applicant, or producer
U Knowingly
o Violatesanyprovisionof7 U.S.C § I36-l36y
Statute’ 7 Us_c. § l361(bX1XA)
Penalty: 1 year and/or $50,000
Relevant Regulations 4OCFR. § 152-186
ISFIFRA Cnmesls 47
-------
Knowing Violations by Commercial
Applicators and Distributors and Sellers
Elements
U A commercial applicator of a restricted use
pesticide or any other person not described in 7
U S C. § 1361(b)(l)(A) who distnbutes or sells
pesticides or devices
U Knowingly
U Violates any provision of 7 U.s C. § l36-l36y
Statute 7 U S C. § 136kbX1XB) Ideflmtion of commercial
applicator, 7 U S C § 1 36(eX3)I
Penalty 1 year and/or $25,000
Relevant Regulations , 40 C F R § 152 .186
48 E S FIFRA Cnmes ES
-------
Knowing Violations by Private Applicators
and Others
Elements:
o A private applicator or other person not descnbed
In7USC § 136/(b)(1)(A)or(B)who
O Knowingly
U Violates any provision of 7 U S C § 136-l36y
Statute: 7 U.S C § 1 361(bX2); Idefinition of pnvate applicator, 7
U.S C § 136(eX2)I
Penalty 30 days and/or $1,000
Relevant Regulations 40 C F It if 152-186
FLFRA Crimes is 49
-------
Unlawful Disclosure Registration-related
Information
Elements:
C I Aperson
C l With intent to defraud
C I Uses or reveals infonnation relative to formulas
of products acquired under the authonty of § 1 36a
Statute 7USC §1361(bX3)
Penalty 3 years and/or $10,000
Relevant Regulations 4OCFR § 152-162, 167
50 ‘ S FIFR#1 Cnmes 3a.
-------
SAFE DRINKiNG
WATER ACT
(SD WA)
-------
Tampering With Public Water Systems
Elements:
C) A person
I ] Tampers, attempts to tamper, or threatens to
tamper with
U A public drinking water system
C) With the intention of harming persons
Statute 42USC §300i-1(a)&(d)
Penalty 5 yean(3 ifattcmptorthreat)and/orfinespursuantto iS
U.S.C § 3571
Relevant Regulations 40 C.F R § 141 - 143
sSDWACnmegeer 53
-------
Willful Violations of Underground
Injection Control (UIC) Program
Elements:
U Aperson
U Willfully violates any requirement of an
applicable underground injection control
program, or an admimstrative order issued
- pursuant to this section [ 42 U.s.c § 300h-2]
Statute: 42 U S C 300h-2(b)
Penalty 3 yearand/orfinespursuantto 18 Usc § 3571
Relevant Regulations 4OCFR § 144-149
54 SSDWACnmgsS
-------
Willful Violations of Interim Regulation
Underground Injection
Elements.
U A person
U Willfully operates a new underground injection
well
U Without a permit
U In a “one aquifer area” before a U1C program
takes effect
Statute- 42 U.s.c 300h-3(c)
Penalty: Up to 510,000 per day of violation.
Relevant Regulations. 40 c F It § 144-149
ISSDWACnnM S IS ’ 55
-------
*
TOXIC
S UBSTANCES
CONTROL ACT
(TS CA)
*
S
-------
Knowing or Willful Violations of TSCA
Elements:
O Aperson
O Knowingly or willfully
O Fails or refuses to comply with a regulation,
order, or inspection under 15 U.s.c. § 2603 -
2606, 2610 (Control of Toxic Substances); 15
u.s.c. § 264 1-2656 (AHERA); 15 U.S.C. §
2681 -2689 (Lead Exposure Reduction)
0 Regarding a substance regulated under TSCA or
AHERA
Statute. 15US.C. §2615(b)
Penalty: 1 year an&or up to $25,000 per day of violation
Relevant Regulations 40 C.F.R. § 700-766
ès TSCA Cnmes 1 St 59
-------
PCB Violations
Elements’
U Aperson
U Knowingly or willfully
o Failed or refused to comply with Ia PCB
regulation]
The PCB substance contained 50 ppm or greater
PCBs
Statute: 15(JS.C §2615(b)
Penalty 1 year and’or up to $25,000 per day of violation
RelcvantRegulations:4OCFR. §761
60 is TSCA Cnmesls
-------
Pre-manufacture Notice Requirements
Elements:
o Aperson
U Knowingly or willfully
o Failed or refused to submit the notice requirement
0 The chemical substance was a new chemical, or
the chenucal substance was manufactured or
processed for a use designated by regulation as a
new use
Statute’ 15USC. §2615(b)
Penalty’ 1 year and/or up to $25,000 per day of violation
Relevant Regulations 40 C F it U 720-725
as TSCJI Crimes is 5 /
-------
Knowing or Willful Reporting Violations
Elements:
U Aperson
U Subject to a record keeping, reporting, or access
for copying requirement under TSCA (15 US C.
§ 2601-2692)
U Knowingly or willfully
U Fails or refuses to comply with the requirement
Statute 15 USC § 2615(b)
Penalty 1 year and/or up to S25000 per day of violation
62
-------
Knowing or Willful Denial of Entry
Elements
o EPA provided appropriate written notice to the
owner, operator, or agent in charge of the facility
prior to inspection
o The facility was subject to inspection under
15USC § 2610
O An EPA representative thereafter sought entry to
the premises for a legitimate purpose under 15
EJS.C §2610
U The EPA representative presented appropriate
credentials
O The defendant thereafter knowingly or willfully
denied the EPA representative access to the
premises.
statute- 15USC §2615(b)
Penalty. 1 year and/or up to $25,000 per day of violation
53
-------
Knowing or Willful AHERA (Asbestos)
Violations
Elements:
U Aperson
U Knowingly or willfully
U Fails or refuses to comply with [ an AHERA
regulation, requirement, or order]
Statute: 15 U.S.C §2615(b)
Penalty 1 year and/or up to $25,000 per day of violation
Relevant Regulations: 40 C F ft.. § 763
64 ‘ a- TSCA Cnmei ‘a
-------
*
TITLE 18 CRIMES
*
-------
Conspiracy
Elements:
0 Two or more persons;
0 Entered an unlawful agreement;
O Defendant knowingly and wilfully became a
member of the conspiracy;
O One of the co-conspirators knowingly committed
at least one overt act;
o Overt act was committed to further some
objective of the conspiracy.
Statute: ISUSC §371
P aIty 5yean and lor fine under 18 U.s c. § 3571
1s77 11e 18 Cnrnes Cnmeses 67
-------
False Statements
Elements:
Defendant made a written or oral statement
U Statement was false, fictitious, or fraudulent
C I Statement was made knowingly and willfully
U Statement was within the jurisdiction of federal
agency
CI Statement was material
Statute 1SUSC § 1001
Penalty: 5yearsandlorfineunderl8lJSC §3571
68 It Title 18 Cnmes Crimes S
-------
Mail/Wire Fraud
Elements
0 devising or attempting to devise a scheme or
artifice to defraud
0 knowing and willing participation in the scheme
with the specific intent to defraud
0 use of the mails or interstate wire communications
in furtherance of the scheme.
Stalute 18 U SC § i341(mail) & 1343(mterstate wire)
Penalty 5yearsand/orflneunderl8USC §3571
‘ Title 18 Cnmes CnmesIs 69
-------
S 1 Notes S
70 ‘ Title /8 CnmesCnmes?s
-------
e s Notes e s
& Title /8 Cnmei Cnmesls 71
-------
$ Notes e s
72 ‘-Titk /8 Cnmei Cnmes*
------- |